# Patent

## Title
Stage for a microscope

## Abstract

Disclosed is a color separating a color separating lens composed of 3 lens units which is small in number of lenses, can be manufactured at less cost and can provide a good focusing performance over the entire visible area.

## Background
1. Field of the Invention

The present invention relates to a color separating reduced optical system lens for a color scanner, a color facsimile and the like, and more specifically to a color separating a color separating lens composed of 3 lens units composed of four units and four pieces of lenses.

2. Description of the Prior Art

In a system wherein an original surface is subject to slit exposure scanning, and an image of a slit-like portion to be scanned of the original surface is reduced and focussed by means of a lens on a light receiving surface of a solid state image sensor (for example, CCD) to read an original, since the solid state image sensor is low in MTF (modulation transfer function), a high MTF is required for a lens. Further, in focussing a reduced image on the surface of the solid state image sensor, a read bit position of an original surface and a corresponding read bit position of the solid state image sensor are brought into registration with each other, and therefore, it is desired to minimize a bend of an image, i.e., a distortion. Moreover, since a quantity of light reduces from an axis toward a marginal portion of an original in accordance with the COS.sup.4 rule, an almost perfect vignetting factor up to the extreme marginal portion of the original is required in view of the necessity of increasing the quantity of light in the marginal portion of the original as much as possible on the solid state image sensor.

Also, in recent FAX and the like, machineries are intended to be miniaturized and light-weighted, and even in layouting optical systems, miniaturizing and light-weighting have been desired. In view of this, lenses of less length and less outer diameter are required.

On the other hand, when a color original is color-separated into three colors, R, G and B by a color scanner, a color FAX and the like to focus the respective color information on the solid state image sensor by the lens, a chromatic aberration need be sufficiently compensated unlike a conventional monochromatic reduced optical system lens.

In the conventional monochromatic reduced optical system lens, a quality of light has a wave length in the vicinity of 550 nm which is substantially close to a visual sensitivity, and for compensation of chromatic aberration, approximately 550 nm.+-.50 nm has been satisfactory. However, when a color information of a color original is faithfully readout, since color of the color original is present over the entire visible area, it is necessary to compensate for the chromatic aberration of the lens with respect to the quality of light over the entire visible area. In addition, in a system wherein a color separation element is present in a space between the lens and the solid state image sensor to color-separate a color original into R, G and B, if an optical path length within the color separation element is long, when this color separation element is added to a conventional lens, an aberration of the conventional lens is fallen toward a positive side, failing to attain a sufficient focusing performance. Accordingly, in such a color separation system, a focusing lens is necessary which has a sufficient performance on the solid state image sensor even if the optical path length within the color separation element is long.

The conventional color separating reduced optical system lens has been difficult to meet these requirements as noted above.

When a thick-wall parallel plane glass is added between the conventional focusing lens and the solid state image sensor, an image plane is excessively fallen toward a positive side, deteriorating a focusing performance. Therefore, a focussing lens is necessary which is compensated for aberration when the parallel plane glass is added. This poses a problem in that the overall length of the lens is long and the lens becomes large in size.

The present invention has been achieved to solve the aforementioned problems. It is an object of the invention to provide a color separating a color separating lens composed of 3 lens units which is small in number of lenses, can be manufactured at less cost and can provide a good focusing performance over the entire visible area.

To achieve the aforesaid object, the present invention provides a color separating a color separating lens composed of 3 lens units comprising a first unit lens which is a positive single meniscus lens (a first lens) having a convex surface directed toward an object side, a second unit lens which is a double-concave lens (a second lens), a third unit lens having a negative meniscus lens (a third lens) having a concave surface directed toward an image side and a double-convex lens (a fourth lens) cemented together, and a fourth unit lens which is a parallel plane glass (a fifth lens), said color separating a color separating lens composed of 3 lens units satisfying the following conditions:

where r2 is a radius of curvature of the first lens on the image side, r5 a radius of curvature of the third lens on the object side, d1 a wall-thickness of the first lens, d4 an air spacing between the second lens and the third lens, n1 is a refractive index of the first lens, n4 is a refractive index of the fourth lens, v1 an Abbe's number of the fourth lens, v5 an Abbe's number of the fifth lens, and f a synthetic focal length of the entire system.

The condition (1) is provided to compensate for a curve of an image plane and a comatic aberration. When a value exceeds the upper limit, the image plane is excessively negative whereas when a value exceeds the lower limit, the comatic aberration increases to increase a flare component to deteriorate a contrast. The range of the condition (1) is adequate.

The condition (2) is provided to compensate for a curve of an image plane similar to the condition (1). When a value exceeds the upper limit, the image plane is excessively positive whereas when a value exceeds the lower limit, the image plate is excessively negative.

The condition (3) indicates a value which determines the range of a half field angle used in the structure of the present invention. Even when a value exceeds the upper and lower limits, an astigmatic difference increases, and the using field angle is a narrow angle.

The condition (4) indicates the range for compensating for a distortion. Even when a value exceeds the upper and lower limits, a distortion increases. Particularly, in the reduced optical system according to the present invention, actual use of this cannot be made. Accordingly, the range of the condition (4) is adequate.

The condition (5) as well as the conditions (6 ) and (7) is provided to compensate for a chromatic aberration. When a value exceeds levels in these ranges, compensation of chromatic aberration is impossible to make. A deviation in best image plane position in each color separated color over the entire visible area increases and an error in focusing magnification of each of colors R, G and B within the optical layout increases, resulting in an extreme color deviation.

In the condition (6), particularly when a value exceeds the aforesaid range, compensation of chromatic aberration is impossible to make in the front lens.

FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a lens system of the present invention;

FIG. 2 are, successively from left, curves of spherical aberration, chromatic aberration, astigmatism, and distortion;

FIG. 3 is a curve of a comatic aberration; and

FIG. 4 is an MTF curve.

An embodiment of the present invention will now be described in detail. FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a color separating a color separating lens composed of 3 lens units to which the present invention is applied.

Numerical values in Table 1 are those taken where the aperture ratio is 1:5.6, the focal length of the entire system f=100, magnification m=-1/10.59, and half field angle w=14.4.degree.. ______________________________________ ro1  .infin.   do1    9.9954 no1  1.51825 vo1  63.93 ro2  .infin.   do2    1144.3693 r1   40.8811   d1     12.3943 n1   1.77620 v1   49.42 r2   605.5802  d2     7.1967 r3   -97.463   d3     4.6778 n2   1.72311 v2   29.29 r4   32.8888   d4     2.8787 r5   1277.6297 d5     5.9972 n3   1.58482 v3   40.47 r6   36.873    d6     9.3957 n4   1.83945 v4   42.48 r7   -76.9644  d7     13.9935 r8   .infin.   d8     59.9723 n5   1.51825 v5   63.93 r9   .infin.   do3    24.1546 ro3  .infin.   do4    1.3994 no2  1.51825 vo2  63.93 ro4  .infin. ______________________________________ (1) r2 = 6.0558f (5) n1 = 1.77620, v1 = 49.42 (2) r5 = 12.776297f (6) n4 = 1.83945, v4 = 42.48 (3) d1 = 0.123943f (7) v5 = 63.93 (4) d4 = 0.028787f ______________________________________

In the above table, symbols are: glass shown at a left end of FIG. 1 a solid state image sensor shown at a right end of FIG. 1 object side object side of the first unit lens and surface of the protective glass of the solid state image sensor side sensor

v2, . . . v5: Abbe's number of lenses successively from the object side.

Next, the Seidel aberration coefficient in the above-described embodiment in case of f=1 is shown in Table 2. In Table 2, P indicates the Petzval's term, S the term of spherical aberration, C the term of comatic aberration, A the term of astigmatism, and D the term of distortion. ______________________________________ P        S         C         A       D ______________________________________ r1  1.06895  3.60098   1.47212 0.60182 0.68303 r2  -0.07216 2.78074   -1.72583 1.07111 -0.61998 r3  -0.43058 -6.55983  2.22351 -0.75368 0.40141 r4  -1.27598 -3.09842  -2.54776 -2.09497 -2.77185 r5  0.02888  0.01929   0.07938 0.32671 1.46347 r6  0.23688  1.47296   1.15140 0.90003 0.88872 r7  0.59295  2.47511   -0.62765 0.15916 -0.19072 r8  0.       -0.32468  0.30126 -0.27953 0.25937 r9  0.       0.10103   -0.09375 0.08699 -0.08071 .SIGMA. 0.14895  0.46720   0.23269 0.01764 0.03273 ______________________________________

FIGS. 2 and 3 show aberration curves in the embodiment according to the present invention. FIG. 2 shows a spherical aberration and chromatic aberration curve, an astigmatism curve, a distortion aberration curve, successively from the left.

A central view of FIG. 2 is an astigmatism aberration curve of an e-line relative to an object height=297, and a right-hand view of FIG. 2 is a distortion curve of an e-line relative to an object height Y=297.

As will be apparent from these views, the shperical aberration and chromatic aberration are well compensated, and particularly, the chromatic aberration over the entire visible area is well compensated, providing a sufficient performance as a color separating reduced optical system lens which readouts a color original. Further, also in astigmatism, radial as well as tangential are well coincided. There is no astigmatic difference, and it is well coincided with the best focus position on the axis and the image plane is flat. The astigmatism is less than 0.05% which is very small, and compensation of aberration is well effected.

Comatic aberration affecting a contract of an image is as shown in FIG. 3. As clearly shown, a high contrast is provided almost in the same degree from the center to the extreme marginal portion.

FIG. 4 shows the MTF and image face frequency. As may be clear from FIG. 3, MTF of each color when separated into R, G and B is sufficiently high up to the high frequency. FIGS. 4 (1), (2) and (3) show the relationship between the MTF and the image face frequency of B color-separated, G color-separated, and R color-separated, respectively. FIG. 4 shows the focusing performance in case of f=50.

As described above, the color separating a color separating lens composed of 3 lens units of the present invention makes it possible to provide a lens system of high performance in which chromatic aberration is sufficiently compensated despite a small number of lenses, a high contrast is obtained up to a half field angle of approximately .+-.15.degree. over the entire visible area while being used in the vicinity of a reducing rate of 1/10 times with an aperture ratio of 5.6, a distortion is restrained as small as possible, and a vignetting factor is 100%.

## Claims

1. A color separating lens composed of three lens units comprising a first unit lens which is a positive single meniscus lens (a first lens) having a convex surface directed toward an object side, a second unit lens which is a double-concave lens (a second lens), a third unit lens having a negative meniscus lens (a third lens) having a concave suface directed toward an image side and a double convex lens (a fourth lens) cemented together, and a fourth unit lens which is a parallel plane glass (a fifth lens), said color separating lens composed of three lens units being satisfied with the following conditions: where is a radius of curvature of the first lens on the image side, r5 a radius of curvature of the third lens on the object side, d1 a wall-thickness of the first lens, d4 an air spacing between the second lens and the third lens, n1 is a refractive index of the first lens, n4 is a refractive index of the fourth lens, v1 an Abbe's number of the fourth lens, V5 an Abbe's number of the fifth lens, and f a synthetic focal length of the entire system.

2. A color separating lens composed of three lens units according to claim 1 having the following data: ro1  .infin.   do1    9.9954 no1  1.51825 vo1  63.93 ro2  .infin.   do2    1144.3693 r1   40.881    d1     12.3943 n1   1.77620 v1   49.42 r2   605.5802  d2     7.1967 r3   -97.463   d3     4.6778 n2   1.72311 v2   29.29 r4   32.8888   d4     2.8787 r5   1277.6297 d5     5.9972 n3   1.58482 v3   40.47 r6   36.873    d6     9.3957 n4   1.83945 v4   42.48 r7   -76.9644  d7     13.9935 r8   .infin.   d8     59.9723 n5   1.51825 v5   63.93 r9   .infin.   do3    24.1546 ro3  .infin.   do4    1.3994 no2  1.51825 vo2  63.93 ro4  .infin. ______________________________________ in the above table, symbols are: glass shown at a left end of FIG. 1 a solid state image sensor shown at a right end of FIG. 1 object side object side of the first unit lens and surface of the protective glass of the solid state image sensor side sensor