Transmission of material in this release is embargoed until USDL 20-1555

8:30 a.m. (ET) Friday, August 14, 2020

Technical information: (202) 691-5606 • Productivity@bls.gov • www.bls.gov/lpc

Media contact: (202) 691-5902 • PressOffice@bls.gov

PRODUCTIVITY AND COSTS 

Second Quarter 2020, Preliminary

Nonfarm business sector labor productivity increased 7.3 percent in the second quarter of 2020, the 

U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today, as output decreased 38.9 percent and hours worked 

decreased 43.0 percent. (All quarterly percent changes in this release are seasonally adjusted annual 

rates, and show what the percent change would be if the quarterly rate continued for four quarters.) In 

the four quarters from the second quarter of 2019 to the second quarter of 2020, productivity increased 

2.2 percent, reflecting an 11.8-percent decrease in output and a 13.7-percent decrease in hours worked. 

(See chart 1 and table A1.) 

Unit labor costs in the nonfarm business sector increased at an annual rate of 12.2 percent in the second

quarter of 2020, following an increase of 9.8 percent in the first quarter. Unit labor costs increased 5.7

percent over the last four quarters. (See chart 2.)

Historical Revisions to Productivity and Costs Data

Data in this release reflect the 2020 Annual Update of the National Income and Product Accounts 

(NIPA) released by the Bureau of Economic Analysis of the U.S. Department of Commerce on July 30, 

2020, and revised measures of output for the manufacturing sectors released by BLS on July 21, 2020.

See “Revised measures” section on page 3.

Chart 1. Labor productivity, nonfarm business, 2016Q1 – 2020Q2

-4.0

-2.0

0.0

2.0

4.0

6.0

8.0

10.0

12.0

14.0

2016 2017 2018 2019 2020

From previous quarter, annual rate

From same quarter a year ago

Percent change Percent change

Chart 2. Unit labor costs, nonfarm business, 2016Q1 – 2020Q2

-4.0

-2.0

0.0

2.0

4.0

6.0

8.0

10.0

12.0

14.0

2016 2017 2018 2019 2020

From previous quarter, annual rate

From same quarter a year ago
-2-

Labor productivity, or output per hour, is calculated by dividing an index of real output by an index of 

hours worked by all persons, including employees, proprietors, and unpaid family workers. The 7.3-

percent increase in nonfarm business sector labor productivity in the second quarter of 2020 was the 

largest quarterly increase since the second quarter of 2009, when output per hour increased 8.5 percent. 

The declines in both output and hours worked in the second quarter of 2020 were the largest in these 

series, which begin with data for first-quarter 1947.

BLS calculates unit labor costs as the ratio of hourly compensation to labor productivity. Increases in 

hourly compensation tend to increase unit labor costs, and increases in labor productivity tend to reduce 

unit labor costs. The 12.2-percent increase in unit labor costs in second-quarter 2020 was the largest 

increase in this measure since the first quarter of 2014 (12.4 percent), and reflects a 20.4-percent 

increase in hourly compensation and a 7.3-percent increase in productivity. (See tables A1 and 2.) 

Manufacturing sector labor productivity decreased at a 15.5 percent annual rate in the second quarter 

of 2020, as output fell 47.0 percent and hours worked dropped 37.3 percent. These were the largest 

quarterly declines in each of these series, which begin with data for 1987. Total manufacturing sector 

productivity declined 4.1 percent over the last four quarters, as output decreased 15.8 percent and hours 

worked decreased 12.2 percent. Productivity decreased 28.4 percent in the durable manufacturing sector 

in the second quarter of 2020, reflecting a 58.1-percent decrease in output and a 41.5-percent decrease in 

hours worked. Productivity decreased 4.9 percent in the nondurable manufacturing sector, as output 

decreased 33.2 percent and hours worked decreased 29.8 percent. (See tables A1, 3, 4, 5 and chart 3.) 

Unit labor costs in the total manufacturing sector increased 31.1 percent in the second quarter of 2020, 

and increased 9.4 percent from the same quarter a year ago. The increase in unit labor costs in the 

second quarter of 2020 was the largest in the series for total manufacturing, as were unit labor cost 

increases in the durable manufacturing and nondurable manufacturing sectors. (See table A1.)

The concepts, sources, and methods used for the manufacturing output series differ from those used in 

the business and nonfarm business output series; these output measures are not directly comparable. See 

the Technical Notes for a more detailed explanation. (See page 7.)

90.0

92.0

94.0

96.0

98.0

100.0

102.0

104.0

2012 Q1 2013 Q1 2014 Q1 2015 Q1 2016 Q1 2017 Q1 2018 Q1 2019 Q1 2020 Q1

Total Manufacturing Durable Goods Manufacturing Nondurable Goods Manufacturing

Chart 3. Labor productivity indexes, manufacturing sectors, all persons, 2012 Q1 – 2020 Q2

Indexes (2012= 100)
-3-

Revised measures

Measures of output for the business, nonfarm business, and nonfinancial corporate sectors, and measures 

of compensation for all sectors, incorporate revised National Income and Product Accounts (NIPA) data 

released on July 30 by the Bureau of Economic Analysis, U.S. Department of Commerce. Measures of 

output for the manufacturing sectors incorporate revised annual benchmark data through 2018 released 

July 21 by BLS that incorporate Census Bureau Annual Survey of Manufactures data. As a result, all 

measures incorporating output, including labor productivity and unit labor costs, were revised back to 

2015 for the business and nonfarm business sectors, back to 1999 for the nonfinancial corporate sector, 

and back to 1987 for the manufacturing sector. Because nonfinancial corporate sector output was revised 

in the index base year of 2012, all measures incorporating output were subject to further revision back to 

1947; resulting revisions to percent changes are small. 

Measures of hours worked for all sectors incorporate regular updates of source data for the first quarter 

of 2020. Hours worked and related measures for the business and nonfarm business sectors were revised 

back to 2013 due to revised NIPA data on government enterprises employment and on the proportion of 

industry compensation paid to employees of nonprofit institutions. Hours worked and related measures 

were subject to revision back to 2015 for the nonfinancial corporate sector due to the incorporation of 

revised NIPA data on the proportion of industry compensation paid to employees of corporations.

Table B1 presents revised and previous labor productivity and related measures for the nonfarm 

business, business, and manufacturing sectors for the first quarter of 2020. Table A2 presents these

measures for the nonfinancial corporate sector.

Nonfarm business sector productivity decreased 0.3 percent in the first quarter of 2020, a smaller 

decline than previously reported (-0.9 percent), reflecting a 0.5-percentage point downward revision to 

hours worked and a 0.1-percentage point upward revision to output. (See table B1.) A large upward 

revision to first-quarter unit labor costs—from an increase of 5.1 percent to an increase of 9.8 percent—

reflected a 5.2-percentage point upward revision to hourly compensation that was partially offset by the 

0.6-percentage point upward revision to productivity. Hourly compensation increased at a 9.4-percent 

annual rate in the first quarter of 2020, and real hourly compensation increased 8.1 percent.

Manufacturing sector productivity was revised up and increased 1.6 percent in the first quarter of 

2020, as output declined less and hours worked declined more than previously reported. Productivity 

was also revised up in both the durable and nondurable manufacturing subsectors. In the first quarter of 

2020, total manufacturing unit labor costs increased 4.6 percent rather than increasing 6.9 percent as 

reported June 4, reflecting a 1.1-percentage point downward revision to hourly compensation and a 1.3-

percentage point upward revision to productivity. (See table B1.) 

Nonfinancial corporate sector productivity growth was revised up in the first quarter of 2020, to an 

increase of 0.3 percent, rather than the previously published decline of 1.3 percent. This revision was 

due both to a 1.1-percentage point upward revision to output and a 0.5-percentage point downward 

revision to hours worked; output declined 3.9 percent and hours worked decreased 4.2 percent. 

Productivity in nonfinancial corporations increased 0.4 percent from the first quarter of 2019 to the first 

quarter of 2020. Unit labor costs in the nonfinancial corporate sector were revised upward to an increase 

of 8.0 percent in the first quarter of 2020 from a preliminary estimate of 5.6 percent, as a large upward 

revision to hourly compensation was partially offset by an upward revision to productivity. Unit labor 

costs increased 2.5 percent from the same quarter last year. (See table A2.) Unit profits were revised 

down 0.9-percentage point and declined at a 44.2-percent annual rate in first-quarter 2020. (See table 6.)
-4-

Annual averages

Table C1 presents annual data for the nonfarm business, total manufacturing, and nonfinancial corporate 

sectors from 2017 to 2019. Annual average percent changes compare average annual indexes from one 

year to the next.

Annual average productivity in the nonfarm business sector increased 1.7 percent in 2019, rather than 

increasing 1.9 percent as previously reported. Productivity increased 1.4 percent in 2018 and 1.2 percent 

in 2017. The average annual rate of productivity growth from 2007 to 2019—representing the most 

recent business cycle—was unchanged at 1.4 percent. Unit labor costs were revised up 0.1 percentage 

point to increases of 1.9 percent in both 2019 and 2018. (See table C1.)

Annual average manufacturing sector productivity grew 0.1 percent in 2019 as previously reported, 

and was revised down slightly to a 0.3-percent increase in 2018. The average annual rate of 

manufacturing productivity growth from 2007 to 2019 was revised up 0.1 percentage point, to 0.5 

percent. A downward revision to unit labor costs of 0.5 percentage point in 2019, resulting in a 2.8-

percent increase in this measure, reflected a similar downward revision to hourly compensation. 

Manufacturing sector unit labor costs increased 1.8 percent in 2018 and 3.6 percent in 2017. (See tables 

C1, 3, 4, and 5.)

Annual average productivity in the nonfinancial corporate sector was revised downward in 2019, from 

a 1.9-percent increase to a 0.6-percent increase. Productivity was revised up in both 2018 and 2017, 

from no change to a 0.6 percent increase in 2018, and from a 0.3-percent increase to a 0.9-percent 

increase in 2017. (See tables C1 and 6.) The average annual rate of productivity growth in the 

nonfinancial corporate sector from 2007 to 2019 was unrevised at 0.8 percent per year.

Appendix tables 1-6 and tables 1-6 present quarterly and annual data from first-quarter 2015 to secondquarter 2020. Complete quarterly and annual data series can be found on the Productivity and Costs 

home page: www.bls.gov/lpc/#data.

______________

The revised Productivity and Costs news release for second-quarter 2020 is scheduled to be 

released on Thursday, September 3, 2020 at 8:30 a.m. (ET).

Coronavirus (COVID-19) Pandemic Impact on Productivity Data

BLS quarterly estimates of labor productivity combine output data with hours worked data based 

primarily on BLS Current Employment Statistics (CES) survey and supplemented with data from the 

Current Population Survey (CPS). The March reference period for these surveys largely predated many 

of the COVID-19-related job losses that occurred in the latter part of March. To capture these job losses, 

adjustments were made to employment and hours using supplementary data. Hours worked and related 

measures—including labor productivity—for the first quarter of 2020 reflect these adjustments.

Given the continued rapid changes in the economy, BLS explored the possibility of adjusting second 

quarter (Q2) estimates. BLS compared several adjustment methods for Q2 and found that the economic 

movements between April and June tended to be offsetting resulting in Q2 results that were similar to 

the usual methodology. Therefore no adjustments were made to Q2. For more information see 

www.bls.gov/covid19/productivity-and-costs-covid19-impacts-second-quarter-2020-preliminary.htm.
-5-

Table A1. Labor productivity growth and related measures - preliminary second-quarter 2020

(percent change from previous quarter at annual rate and from same quarter a year ago)

Sector Percent change from:

Labor 

productivity Output

Hours 

worked

Hourly 

compensation

Real hourly 

compensation

Unit labor 

costs

Nonfarm business Previous quarter 7.3 -38.9 -43.0 20.4 24.8 12.2

A year ago 2.2 -11.8 -13.7 8.0 7.5 5.7

Business Previous quarter 6.6 -38.7 -42.5 19.7 24.1 12.3

A year ago 2.0 -11.6 -13.4 7.7 7.2 5.6

Manufacturing Previous quarter -15.5 -47.0 -37.3 10.7 14.8 31.1

A year ago -4.1 -15.8 -12.2 5.0 4.5 9.4

Durable 

manufacturing

Previous quarter -28.4 -58.1 -41.5 8.9 12.9 52.2

A year ago -8.8 -21.6 -14.1 4.5 4.0 14.5

Nondurable 

manufacturing

Previous quarter -4.9 -33.2 -29.8 16.0 20.3 22.0

A year ago -0.5 -9.5 -9.0 6.4 6.0 6.9

Table A2. Labor productivity growth and related measures - revised and previously published first-quarter 2020

(percent change from previous quarter at annual rate)

Sector

Labor 

productivity Output

Hours 

worked

Hourly 

compensation

Real hourly 

compensation

Unit labor 

costs

Nonfinancial 

corporate

Revised 0.3 -3.9 -4.2 8.4 7.1 8.0

Previously published -1.3 -5.0 -3.7 4.2 3.0 5.6

Table B1. Labor productivity growth and related measures - revised and previously published first-quarter 2020

(percent change from previous quarter at annual rate)

Sector

Labor 

productivity Output

Hours 

worked

Hourly 

compensation

Real hourly 

compensation

Unit labor 

costs

Nonfarm business Revised -0.3 -6.4 -6.1 9.4 8.1 9.8

Previously published -0.9 -6.5 -5.6 4.2 2.9 5.1

Business Revised 0.0 -6.0 -6.0 9.2 7.9 9.2

Previously published -0.7 -6.3 -5.6 3.9 2.7 4.7

Manufacturing Revised 1.6 -5.6 -7.0 6.2 4.9 4.6

Previously published 0.3 -6.3 -6.6 7.3 6.0 6.9

Durable 

manufacturing

Revised -2.5 -9.7 -7.4 4.6 3.3 7.3

Previously published -3.5 -10.2 -6.9 7.5 6.2 11.4

Nondurable 

manufacturing

Revised 5.8 -1.0 -6.4 9.6 8.3 3.6

Previously published 4.3 -2.0 -6.1 6.8 5.5 2.4
-6-

Table C1. Labor productivity growth and related measures - revised and previous annual average changes: 2017-2019

Sector Year

Labor 

productivity Output

Hours 

worked

Hourly 

compensation

Real hourly 

compensation

Unit labor 

costs

Nonfarm 

business

2019 Revised 1.7 2.5 0.7 3.6 1.8 1.9

Previously 

published

1.9 2.7 0.7 3.8 1.9 1.8

2018 Revised 1.4 3.5 2.0 3.4 0.9 1.9

Previously 

published

1.4 3.5 2.0 3.3 0.8 1.8

2017 Revised 1.2 2.8 1.5 3.5 1.3 2.2

Previously 

published

1.3 2.9 1.5 3.5 1.3 2.1

Manufacturing 2019 Revised 0.1 0.0 -0.1 2.9 1.1 2.8

Previously 

published

0.1 0.0 -0.1 3.4 1.5 3.3

2018 Revised 0.3 2.2 1.9 2.1 -0.3 1.8

Previously 

published

0.4 2.3 1.9 2.2 -0.3 1.8

2017 Revised -0.4 0.6 1.0 3.2 1.1 3.6

Previously 

published

-0.4 0.6 1.0 3.6 1.4 4.0

Nonfinancial 

corporate

2019 Revised 0.6 1.6 0.9 3.7 1.9 3.1

Previously 

published

1.9 2.8 0.9 3.5 1.6 1.5

2018 Revised 0.6 2.6 1.9 3.5 1.0 2.8

Previously 

published

0.0 1.9 1.9 3.4 1.0 3.4

2017 Revised 0.9 2.6 1.7 3.3 1.1 2.4

Previously 

published

0.3 2.0 1.7 3.3 1.1 3.0
-7-

TECHNICAL NOTES

Labor Hours

Hours worked data for the labor productivity and cost measures include hours worked for all persons 

working in the sector—wage and salary workers, the self-employed and unpaid family workers. The 

primary source of hours and employment data is the BLS Current Employment Statistics (CES) 

program, which provides monthly survey data on the number of jobs held by wage and salary workers in 

nonfarm establishments, counting a person who is employed by two or more establishments at each 

place of employment. The CES also provides average weekly paid hours of production and 

nonsupervisory workers in these establishments. Weekly paid hours are adjusted to hours worked using 

data from the National Compensation Survey (NCS) for 1996 forward and data from the BLS Hours at 

Work survey, conducted for this purpose, prior to 1990. Between 1990 and 1995, weekly paid hours are 

adjusted to hours at work using a combination of NCS and Hours at Work survey data. The Office of 

Productivity and Technology estimates average weekly hours at work for nonproduction and supervisory 

workers using information from the Current Population Survey (CPS), the CES, and the NCS.

Data from the CPS are used to estimate hours worked for farm labor, nonfarm proprietors, and nonfarm 

unpaid family workers. Using CPS information on employment and hours worked at primary jobs and 

all other jobs, separately, the BLS productivity measures assign all hours worked to the appropriate 

industrial sector. Hours for government enterprises are derived from the CPS, the CES, and the National 

Income and Product Accounts (NIPA) prepared by the Bureau of Economic Analysis (BEA) of the 

Department of Commerce. 

Detailed hours data are presented in the table “Hours Worked in Total U.S. Economy and Subsectors” 

on the BLS website (https://www.bls.gov/lpc/special_requests/us_total_hrs_emp.xlsx).

Output

Business sector output is a chain-type, current-weighted index constructed after excluding from gross 

domestic product (GDP) the following outputs: general government, nonprofit institutions, and private 

households (including owner-occupied housing). Corresponding exclusions also are made in labor hours 

worked. Business output accounted for about 78 percent of the value of GDP in 2019. Nonfarm 

business, which excludes farming, accounted for about 77 percent of GDP in 2019.

Annual indexes for manufacturing and its durable and nondurable goods components are constructed by 

deflating current-dollar industry value of production data from the U.S. Bureau of the Census with 

deflators from the BLS. These deflators are based on data from the BLS Producer Price Index program 

and other sources. The industry shipments are aggregated using annual weights, and intrasector 

transactions are removed. Quarterly manufacturing output measures are based on the indexes of 

industrial production prepared monthly by the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System, 

adjusted to be consistent with annual indexes of manufacturing sector output prepared by BLS. 

Nonfinancial corporate output is a chain-type, current-weighted index calculated on the basis of the 

costs incurred and the incomes earned from production. The output measure excludes the following 

outputs from GDP: general government; nonprofit institutions; private households; unincorporated 

business; and those corporations classified as offices of bank holding companies, offices of other 

holding companies, or offices in the finance and insurance sector. Nonfinancial corporations accounted 

for about 50 percent of the value of GDP in 2019. 
-8-

Labor Productivity

The measure describes the relationship between real output and the labor time involved in its production. 

Measures of labor productivity growth show the changes from period to period in the amount of goods 

and services produced per hour worked. They reflect the joint effects of many influences, including 

changes in technology; capital investment; level of output; utilization of capacity, energy, and materials; 

the organization of production; managerial skill; and the characteristics and effort of the work force.

Labor Compensation

The measure includes accrued wages and salaries, supplements, employer contributions to employee 

benefit plans, and taxes. Estimates of labor compensation by major sector, required for measures of 

hourly compensation and unit labor costs, are based primarily on employee compensation data from the 

NIPA, prepared by the BEA. The compensation of employees in general government, nonprofit 

institutions and private households are subtracted from compensation of employees in domestic 

industries to derive employee compensation for the business sector. The labor compensation of 

proprietors cannot be explicitly identified and must be estimated. This is done by assuming that 

proprietors have the same hourly compensation as employees in the same sector. The quarterly labor 

productivity and cost measures do not contain estimates of compensation for unpaid family workers. 

Unit Labor Costs

These measures describe the relationship between compensation per hour and labor productivity, or real 

output per hour, and can be used as an indicator of inflationary pressure on producers. Increases in 

hourly compensation increase unit labor costs; labor productivity increases offset compensation 

increases and lower unit labor costs. 

Presentation of the data

The quarterly data in this release are presented in three ways: as percent changes from the previous 

quarter presented at a compound annual rate, as percent changes from the corresponding quarter of the 

previous year, and as index number series where 2012=100. Annual data are presented both as index 

number series and percent changes from the previous year. 

The index numbers and rates of change reported in the productivity and costs news release are rounded 

to one decimal place. All percent changes in this release and on the BLS web site are calculated using 

index numbers to three decimal places. A complete historical series of these index numbers are available 

at the BLS web site, www.bls.gov/data/home.htm, or by contacting the BLS Division of Major Sector 

Productivity (Telephone 202-691-5606 or email productivity@bls.gov).

For a more detailed explanation of methodology see "Technical Information About the Major Sector 

Productivity and Costs Methods" at www.bls.gov/lpc/lpcmethods.pdf.

Information in this release will be made available to sensory-impaired individuals upon request. Voice 

phone: 202-691-5200; Federal Relay Service number: 1-800-877-8339.
-9-

Table 1. Business sector: Labor productivity, hourly compensation, unit labor costs, and prices,

seasonally adjusted.

 Real

 Hourly hourly Unit Implicit

Year Labor compen- compen- Unit nonlabor price

and produc- Hours sation sation labor payments deflator

quarter tivity Output worked (1) (2) costs (3) (4)

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

 Percent change from previous quarter at annual rate (5)

2020 II 6.6 -38.7 -42.5 19.7 24.1 12.3 -24.2 -4.5 

 I 0.0 r -6.0 r -6.0 r 9.2 r 7.9 r 9.2 r -9.4 r 0.8 r

2019 ANNUAL 1.7 r 2.4 r 0.7 3.6 r 1.8 r 1.9 r 0.9 r 1.5 r

2019 IV 1.4 r 2.8 r 1.4 3.1 r 0.7 r 1.7 r 0.6 r 1.2 r

 III 0.2 r 2.9 r 2.7 -0.1 r -1.9 r -0.3 r 2.9 r 1.1 r

 II 2.2 r 1.3 r -0.9 1.7 r -1.3 r -0.5 r 7.8 r 3.0 

 I 3.6 r 3.6 r 0.0 8.8 r 7.9 r 5.0 r -5.4 r 0.4 r

2018 ANNUAL 1.6 r 3.5 r 1.9 3.4 0.9 1.8 r 2.7 r 2.2 r

2018 IV 0.7 r 1.5 r 0.8 1.5 r 0.3 r 0.9 r 2.2 r 1.4 r

 III 0.1 r 2.3 r 2.1 4.7 r 2.5 r 4.5 r -3.0 r 1.1 r

 II 1.7 r 3.0 r 1.3 1.7 r -0.5 r -0.1 r 8.4 r 3.6 

 I 2.9 r 4.5 r 1.6 2.7 r -0.6 r -0.2 r 5.0 r 2.0 

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

 Percent change from corresponding quarter of previous year

2020 II 2.0 -11.6 -13.4 7.7 7.2 5.6 -8.2 -0.4 

 I 0.9 r 0.2 r -0.8 r 3.4 r 1.3 r 2.4 r 0.3 r 1.5 

2019 ANNUAL 1.7 r 2.4 r 0.7 3.6 r 1.8 r 1.9 r 0.9 r 1.5 r

2019 IV 1.8 r 2.6 r 0.8 3.3 r 1.3 r 1.4 r 1.4 r 1.4 r

 III 1.7 2.3 r 0.6 2.9 r 1.1 r 1.2 r 1.8 r 1.5 r

 II 1.7 r 2.2 r 0.5 4.1 r 2.3 2.4 r 0.2 r 1.5 r

 I 1.5 r 2.6 r 1.0 4.1 r 2.5 r 2.6 r 0.4 r 1.6 r

2018 ANNUAL 1.6 r 3.5 r 1.9 3.4 0.9 1.8 r 2.7 r 2.2 r

2018 IV 1.3 r 2.8 r 1.4 2.6 r 0.4 r 1.3 r 3.1 r 2.0 r

 III 1.3 3.6 2.2 3.4 r 0.7 r 2.1 r 2.7 r 2.3 r

 II 2.0 r 3.9 r 1.9 3.7 1.0 1.6 r 3.7 r 2.5 r

 I 1.6 r 3.7 r 2.1 3.9 r 1.6 r 2.3 r 1.3 r 1.9 r

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

 Indexes 2012=100

2020 II 110.4 106.9 96.9 129.4 115.7 117.2 100.2 109.7 

 I 108.7 r 120.8 r 111.2 r 123.7 r 109.6 r 113.8 r 107.4 r 111.0 r

2019 ANNUAL 108.2 r 121.6 r 112.3 r 120.2 r 107.8 r 111.1 r 109.0 r 110.2 r

2019 IV 108.7 r 122.7 r 113.0 r 121.0 r 107.6 r 111.4 r 110.1 r 110.8 r

 III 108.3 r 121.9 r 112.6 r 120.1 r 107.4 r 110.9 r 109.9 r 110.4 r

 II 108.3 r 121.0 r 111.8 r 120.1 r 107.9 r 111.0 r 109.1 r 110.2 r

 I 107.7 r 120.6 r 112.1 r 119.6 r 108.3 r 111.1 r 107.1 r 109.4 r

2018 ANNUAL 106.4 r 118.7 r 111.5 r 116.0 r 105.9 r 109.0 r 108.0 r 108.6 r

2018 IV 106.7 r 119.6 r 112.1 r 117.1 r 106.2 r 109.8 r 108.6 r 109.3 r

 III 106.5 r 119.1 r 111.8 r 116.7 r 106.2 r 109.5 r 108.0 r 108.9 r

 II 106.5 r 118.5 r 111.3 r 115.4 r 105.5 r 108.3 r 108.8 r 108.5 r

 I 106.0 r 117.6 r 110.9 r 114.9 r 105.6 r 108.3 r 106.7 r 107.6 r

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

See footnotes following Table 6. August 14, 2020

r=revised Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics
-10-

Table 2. Nonfarm business sector: Labor productivity, hourly compensation, unit labor costs, and

prices, seasonally adjusted.

 Real

 Hourly hourly Unit Implicit

Year Labor compen- compen- Unit nonlabor price

and produc- Hours sation sation labor payments deflator

quarter tivity Output worked (1) (2) costs (3) (4)

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

 Percent change from previous quarter at annual rate (5)

2020 II 7.3 -38.9 -43.0 20.4 24.8 12.2 -22.6 -3.6 

 I -0.3 r -6.4 r -6.1 r 9.4 r 8.1 r 9.8 r -10.0 r 0.8 r

2019 ANNUAL 1.7 r 2.5 r 0.7 3.6 r 1.8 r 1.9 r 1.1 r 1.5 r

2019 IV 1.6 r 2.8 r 1.2 3.3 r 0.9 r 1.7 r 0.6 r 1.2 r

 III 0.3 r 2.9 r 2.6 -0.2 r -2.0 r -0.4 r 2.9 r 1.0 r

 II 2.0 r 1.2 r -0.7 1.4 r -1.6 r -0.6 r 8.0 r 3.0 r

 I 3.7 r 3.8 r 0.1 8.7 r 7.7 r 4.8 r -5.2 r 0.4 r

2018 ANNUAL 1.4 3.5 2.0 3.4 r 0.9 r 1.9 r 2.7 r 2.2 r

2018 IV 0.8 r 1.4 r 0.7 1.8 r 0.5 r 1.0 r 1.9 r 1.4 r

 III 0.5 r 2.3 r 1.8 5.1 r 2.9 r 4.5 r -2.4 r 1.4 r

 II 1.1 r 3.0 r 1.8 1.3 r -0.9 r 0.2 r 8.3 r 3.6 

 I 2.3 r 4.3 r 2.0 2.2 r -1.0 r 0.0 r 4.9 r 2.1 r

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

 Percent change from corresponding quarter of previous year

2020 II 2.2 -11.8 -13.7 8.0 7.5 5.7 -7.9 -0.2 

 I 0.9 r 0.1 r -0.8 r 3.4 r 1.3 r 2.5 r 0.1 r 1.5 

2019 ANNUAL 1.7 r 2.5 r 0.7 3.6 r 1.8 r 1.9 r 1.1 r 1.5 r

2019 IV 1.9 r 2.7 0.8 3.3 r 1.2 r 1.4 r 1.4 r 1.4 r

 III 1.7 2.3 r 0.6 r 2.9 r 1.1 r 1.2 r 1.8 r 1.4 r

 II 1.7 r 2.2 r 0.4 4.2 2.3 r 2.4 r 0.5 r 1.6 r

 I 1.5 r 2.6 r 1.1 4.2 r 2.5 r 2.6 r 0.5 r 1.7 r

2018 ANNUAL 1.4 3.5 2.0 3.4 r 0.9 r 1.9 r 2.7 r 2.2 r

2018 IV 1.2 r 2.7 r 1.6 2.6 r 0.4 r 1.4 r 3.1 r 2.1 

 III 1.3 r 3.6 2.2 3.5 r 0.8 r 2.2 r 2.7 r 2.4 r

 II 1.8 r 3.9 r 2.1 3.5 0.8 1.7 r 3.7 2.6 

 I 1.5 r 3.7 r 2.2 3.8 r 1.6 r 2.3 r 1.4 r 1.9 r

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

 Indexes 2012=100

2020 II 110.2 106.5 96.6 129.8 116.1 117.8 101.4 110.6 

 I 108.3 r 120.5 r 111.2 r 123.9 r 109.8 r 114.4 r 108.1 r 111.7 r

2019 ANNUAL 107.9 r 121.3 r 112.4 r 120.4 r 107.9 r 111.5 r 110.0 r 110.8 r

2019 IV 108.4 r 122.5 r 113.0 r 121.2 r 107.7 r 111.8 r 111.0 r 111.4 r

 III 108.0 r 121.6 r 112.7 r 120.2 r 107.5 r 111.3 r 110.8 r 111.1 r

 II 107.9 r 120.8 r 111.9 r 120.2 r 108.0 r 111.4 r 110.1 r 110.8 r

 I 107.4 r 120.4 r 112.1 r 119.8 r 108.4 r 111.6 r 108.0 r 110.0 r

2018 ANNUAL 106.1 r 118.4 r 111.6 r 116.2 r 106.0 r 109.5 r 108.8 r 109.2 r

2018 IV 106.4 r 119.3 r 112.1 r 117.3 r 106.4 r 110.3 r 109.4 r 109.9 r

 III 106.2 r 118.9 r 111.9 r 116.8 r 106.3 r 110.0 r 108.9 r 109.5 r

 II 106.1 r 118.2 r 111.4 r 115.4 r 105.5 r 108.8 r 109.6 r 109.1 r

 I 105.8 r 117.3 r 110.9 r 115.0 r 105.8 r 108.8 r 107.4 r 108.2 r

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

See footnotes following Table 6. August 14, 2020

r=revised Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics
-11-

Table 3. Manufacturing sector: Labor productivity, hourly compensation, and unit labor costs,

seasonally adjusted.

 Real

Year Labor Hourly hourly Unit

and produc- Hours compensa- compensa- labor

quarter tivity Output worked tion (1) tion (2) costs

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

 Percent change from previous quarter at annual rate (5)

2020 II -15.5 -47.0 -37.3 10.7 14.8 31.1 

 I 1.6 r -5.6 r -7.0 r 6.2 r 4.9 r 4.6 r

2019 ANNUAL 0.1 0.0 -0.1 2.9 r 1.1 r 2.8 r

2019 IV -0.7 r -0.2 0.5 5.2 r 2.8 r 6.0 r

 III -0.5 0.9 1.4 -1.9 r -3.7 r -1.4 r

 II -2.3 -3.1 -0.9 1.4 r -1.6 r 3.8 r

 I 1.3 -1.7 -3.1 6.9 r 6.0 r 5.5 r

2018 ANNUAL 0.3 r 2.2 r 1.9 2.1 r -0.3 1.8 

2018 IV 0.9 1.6 0.6 3.4 r 2.1 r 2.4 r

 III 0.3 4.0 3.7 3.6 r 1.5 r 3.3 r

 II 1.3 r 2.6 r 1.3 -3.4 r -5.5 r -4.7 r

 I -0.1 r 1.8 r 1.9 2.5 r -0.8 r 2.6 r

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

 Percent change from corresponding quarter of previous year

2020 II -4.1 -15.8 -12.2 5.0 4.5 9.4 

 I -0.5 r -2.0 r -1.5 r 2.7 r 0.6 r 3.2 r

2019 ANNUAL 0.1 0.0 -0.1 2.9 r 1.1 r 2.8 r

2019 IV -0.6 -1.1 -0.5 2.9 r 0.8 r 3.4 r

 III -0.1 -0.6 -0.5 2.4 r 0.6 r 2.6 r

 II 0.1 0.1 0.1 3.8 r 2.0 r 3.8 r

 I 1.0 1.6 0.6 2.6 r 0.9 r 1.6 r

2018 ANNUAL 0.3 r 2.2 r 1.9 2.1 r -0.3 1.8 

2018 IV 0.6 2.5 1.9 1.5 r -0.7 r 0.9 r

 III 1.1 r 3.3 r 2.2 1.9 r -0.8 0.7 r

 II -0.3 1.7 2.0 1.6 r -1.1 r 1.9 

 I -0.2 r 1.4 1.6 3.6 r 1.4 r 3.8 r

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

 Indexes 2012=100

2020 II 94.6 88.2 93.1 121.2 108.4 128.1 

 I 98.7 r 103.3 r 104.7 r 118.2 r 104.7 r 119.7 r

2019 ANNUAL 98.7 r 105.0 r 106.4 115.5 r 103.5 r 117.1 r

2019 IV 98.3 r 104.8 r 106.6 116.4 r 103.5 r 118.4 r

 III 98.5 r 104.9 r 106.5 115.0 r 102.8 r 116.7 r

 II 98.6 r 104.7 r 106.1 115.5 r 103.8 r 117.1 r

 I 99.2 r 105.5 r 106.3 115.1 r 104.2 r 116.0 r

2018 ANNUAL 98.6 r 105.0 r 106.4 112.2 r 102.4 r 113.8 r

2018 IV 98.9 r 106.0 r 107.1 113.2 r 102.7 r 114.5 r

 III 98.7 r 105.5 r 107.0 112.3 r 102.1 r 113.8 r

 II 98.6 r 104.5 r 106.0 111.3 r 101.8 r 112.9 r

 I 98.3 r 103.8 r 105.7 112.2 r 103.2 r 114.2 r

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

See footnotes following Table 6. August 14, 2020

r=revised Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics
-12-

Table 4. Durable manufacturing sector: Labor productivity, hourly compensation, and unit labor

costs, seasonally adjusted.

 Real

Year Labor Hourly hourly Unit

and produc- Hours compensa- compensa- labor

quarter tivity Output worked tion (1) tion (2) costs

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

 Percent change from previous quarter at annual rate (5)

2020 II -28.4 -58.1 -41.5 8.9 12.9 52.2 

 I -2.5 r -9.7 r -7.4 r 4.6 r 3.3 r 7.3 r

2019 ANNUAL 0.7 r 0.8 r 0.2 2.4 r 0.5 r 1.7 r

2019 IV -1.1 r -1.5 r -0.4 8.0 r 5.5 r 9.2 r

 III 0.4 r 1.5 1.1 -3.2 r -4.9 r -3.6 r

 II -0.7 -2.3 -1.6 0.4 r -2.5 r 1.1 r

 I 0.3 -2.7 -3.0 6.9 r 5.9 r 6.6 r

2018 ANNUAL 1.4 r 3.6 r 2.2 2.7 r 0.2 1.3 r

2018 IV 1.8 r 5.0 r 3.1 1.5 r 0.3 r -0.3 r

 III 2.6 r 6.3 r 3.6 3.3 r 1.2 r 0.7 r

 II 0.9 r 2.9 r 2.0 -2.8 r -4.9 r -3.7 r

 I 1.7 r 4.8 r 3.1 2.7 r -0.6 r 1.0 r

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

 Percent change from corresponding quarter of previous year

2020 II -8.8 -21.6 -14.1 4.5 4.0 14.5 

 I -1.0 r -3.1 r -2.1 r 2.4 r 0.3 r 3.4 r

2019 ANNUAL 0.7 r 0.8 r 0.2 2.4 r 0.5 r 1.7 r

2019 IV -0.3 -1.3 -1.0 2.9 r 0.9 r 3.2 r

 III 0.5 r 0.3 -0.1 1.4 r -0.4 r 0.9 r

 II 1.0 r 1.5 r 0.5 3.0 r 1.2 r 2.0 r

 I 1.4 r 2.8 r 1.4 2.2 0.5 r 0.7 r

2018 ANNUAL 1.4 r 3.6 r 2.2 2.7 r 0.2 1.3 r

2018 IV 1.8 r 4.8 r 2.9 1.1 r -1.0 -0.6 r

 III 2.3 r 4.8 r 2.5 2.4 r -0.2 r 0.2 r

 II 0.5 r 2.7 r 2.2 2.2 -0.4 r 1.7 r

 I 1.0 r 2.2 r 1.2 4.9 r 2.6 r 3.9 r

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

 Indexes 2012=100

2020 II 91.9 84.0 91.4 121.2 108.3 131.8 

 I 99.9 r 104.5 r 104.5 r 118.6 r 105.1 r 118.7 r

2019 ANNUAL 100.8 r 107.4 r 106.6 116.0 r 104.0 r 115.2 r

2019 IV 100.6 r 107.2 r 106.6 117.3 r 104.3 r 116.6 r

 III 100.9 r 107.6 r 106.7 115.1 r 102.9 r 114.1 r

 II 100.7 r 107.2 r 106.4 116.0 r 104.2 r 115.1 r

 I 100.9 r 107.8 r 106.8 115.9 r 104.8 r 114.8 r

2018 ANNUAL 100.1 r 106.6 r 106.4 113.4 r 103.5 r 113.2 r

2018 IV 100.8 r 108.5 r 107.6 113.9 r 103.3 r 113.0 r

 III 100.4 r 107.2 r 106.8 113.5 r 103.3 r 113.1 r

 II 99.7 r 105.6 r 105.9 112.6 r 103.0 r 112.9 r

 I 99.5 r 104.8 r 105.4 113.4 r 104.3 r 114.0 r

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

See footnotes following Table 6. August 14, 2020

r=revised Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics
-13-

Table 5. Nondurable manufacturing sector: Labor productivity, hourly compensation, and unit labor

costs, seasonally adjusted.

 Real

Year Labor Hourly hourly Unit

and produc- Hours compensa- compensa- labor

quarter tivity Output worked tion (1) tion (2) costs

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

 Percent change from previous quarter at annual rate (5)

2020 II -4.9 -33.2 -29.8 16.0 20.3 22.0 

 I 5.8 r -1.0 r -6.4 r 9.6 r 8.3 r 3.6 r

2019 ANNUAL -0.4 r -0.9 r -0.5 3.9 r 2.1 r 4.4 r

2019 IV -0.8 r 1.2 2.1 0.2 -2.1 1.1 

 III -1.8 r 0.2 2.0 0.7 r -1.1 r 2.4 r

 II -4.4 -4.0 0.5 3.7 r 0.6 r 8.5 r

 I 2.5 -0.7 -3.2 7.0 r 6.0 r 4.3 r

2018 ANNUAL -0.8 r 0.5 r 1.4 1.0 r -1.4 r 1.8 r

2018 IV 1.4 r -2.0 r -3.3 6.4 r 5.1 r 4.9 r

 III -2.4 r 1.4 r 3.9 4.3 r 2.2 r 6.9 r

 II 1.9 r 2.0 r 0.1 -4.8 r -6.8 r -6.5 r

 I -1.6 r -1.6 r 0.0 1.7 r -1.5 r 3.3 r

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

 Percent change from corresponding quarter of previous year

2020 II -0.5 -9.5 -9.0 6.4 6.0 6.9 

 I -0.4 r -0.9 r -0.5 r 3.5 r 1.3 r 3.9 r

2019 ANNUAL -0.4 r -0.9 r -0.5 3.9 r 2.1 r 4.4 r

2019 IV -1.2 -0.8 0.3 2.8 r 0.8 r 4.0 r

 III -0.6 r -1.6 r -1.0 4.4 r 2.6 r 5.0 r

 II -0.8 r -1.3 r -0.6 5.3 r 3.4 r 6.1 r

 I 0.8 r 0.2 r -0.7 3.1 r 1.5 r 2.3 r

2018 ANNUAL -0.8 r 0.5 r 1.4 1.0 r -1.4 r 1.8 r

2018 IV -0.2 r -0.1 r 0.1 1.8 r -0.4 r 2.0 r

 III -0.1 r 1.5 r 1.6 0.7 r -1.9 r 0.8 r

 II -1.2 r 0.3 r 1.6 0.3 r -2.4 r 1.5 r

 I -1.8 r 0.4 r 2.3 1.2 r -1.0 r 3.1 r

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

 Indexes 2012=100

2020 II 97.0 93.2 96.0 121.9 109.0 125.6 

 I 98.3 r 103.1 r 104.9 r 117.5 r 104.1 r 119.5 r

2019 ANNUAL 97.5 r 103.3 r 106.0 114.4 r 102.6 r 117.3 r

2019 IV 96.9 r 103.4 r 106.7 114.8 r 102.0 r 118.5 r

 III 97.1 r 103.0 r 106.1 114.7 r 102.6 r 118.2 r

 II 97.5 r 103.0 r 105.6 114.6 r 102.9 r 117.5 r

 I 98.6 r 104.0 r 105.5 113.5 r 102.7 r 115.1 r

2018 ANNUAL 98.0 r 104.3 r 106.5 110.1 r 100.5 r 112.4 r

2018 IV 98.0 r 104.2 r 106.3 111.6 r 101.2 r 113.9 r

 III 97.7 r 104.7 r 107.2 109.9 r 100.0 r 112.5 r

 II 98.3 r 104.4 r 106.2 108.8 r 99.5 r 110.7 r

 I 97.8 r 103.9 r 106.2 110.1 r 101.2 r 112.5 r

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

See footnotes following Table 6. August 14, 2020

r=revised Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics
-14-

Table 6. Nonfinancial corporate sector: Labor productivity, hourly compensation, unit labor costs,

unit profits, and prices, seasonally adjusted.

 Real

 Hourly hourly Unit Total Implicit

Year Labor compen- compen- Unit nonlabor unit Unit price

and produc- Hours sation sation labor costs costs profits deflator

quarter tivity Output worked (1) (2) costs (6) (7) (8) (4)

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

 Percent change from previous quarter at annual rate (5)

2020 I 0.3 r -3.9 r -4.2 r 8.4 r 7.1 r 8.0 r 10.2 r 8.7 r -44.2 r 0.6 r

2019 ANNUAL 0.6 r 1.6 r 0.9 3.7 r 1.9 r 3.1 r 1.9 r 2.7 r -3.3 r 1.9 r

2019 IV 1.3 r 2.6 r 1.2 2.5 r 0.1 r 1.2 r -2.3 r 0.1 r 12.4 r 1.5 r

 III -0.8 r -0.1 r 0.7 0.0 r -1.7 0.9 r 6.6 r 2.6 r -5.3 r 1.6 r

 II 1.0 1.0 r 0.1 1.3 r -1.7 r 0.3 r 1.5 r 0.7 r 16.1 r 2.4 

 I 1.4 r 2.9 r 1.5 11.1 r 10.1 r 9.5 r 3.3 r 7.5 r -30.8 r 1.7 r

2018 ANNUAL 0.6 r 2.6 r 1.9 3.5 r 1.0 2.8 r -1.0 r 1.6 r 6.2 r 2.2 r

2018 IV -0.3 r 0.2 r 0.5 1.3 r 0.0 r 1.7 r 2.4 r 1.9 r 2.2 r 1.9 r

 III 2.5 r 3.7 r 1.1 3.2 r 1.0 r 0.6 r -1.9 r -0.2 r 15.1 r 1.7 r

 II -2.2 r 0.2 r 2.5 0.1 r -2.0 r 2.4 r -0.2 r 1.6 r 15.2 r 3.2 r

 I 4.7 r 6.7 r 1.8 8.6 r 5.1 r 3.7 r -4.2 r 1.1 r 8.0 r 1.9 r

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

 Percent change from corresponding quarter of previous year

2020 I 0.4 r -0.1 r -0.6 r 3.0 r 0.9 r 2.5 r 3.9 r 3.0 r -8.9 r 1.5 r

2019 ANNUAL 0.6 r 1.6 r 0.9 3.7 r 1.9 r 3.1 r 1.9 r 2.7 r -3.3 r 1.9 r

2019 IV 0.7 r 1.6 r 0.9 3.6 r 1.6 r 2.9 r 2.2 r 2.7 r -3.9 r 1.8 r

 III 0.3 r 1.0 r 0.7 3.3 r 1.6 r 3.0 r 3.4 r 3.1 r -6.1 r 1.9 r

 II 1.1 r 1.9 r 0.8 4.1 r 2.3 r 2.9 r 1.3 r 2.4 r -1.4 r 1.9 r

 I 0.3 r 1.7 r 1.4 3.8 r 2.2 r 3.5 r 0.9 r 2.7 r -1.6 r 2.1 r

2018 ANNUAL 0.6 r 2.6 r 1.9 3.5 r 1.0 2.8 r -1.0 r 1.6 r 6.2 r 2.2 r

2018 IV 1.1 r 2.6 r 1.5 3.2 r 1.0 r 2.1 r -1.0 r 1.1 r 10.0 r 2.2 r

 III 1.0 r 3.0 r 2.0 3.6 r 0.9 r 2.6 r -1.8 r 1.2 r 10.1 r 2.3 r

 II -0.2 r 1.9 r 2.1 3.5 0.8 3.7 r -0.8 r 2.2 r 3.2 r 2.4 r

 I 0.7 r 2.9 r 2.2 3.7 1.4 r 3.0 r -0.3 r 1.9 r 1.4 r 1.9 r

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

 Indexes 2012=100

2020 I 102.9 r 116.2 r 112.9 r 123.3 r 109.3 r 119.9 r 110.3 r 116.7 r 84.5 r 112.1 r

2019 ANNUAL 102.6 r 116.7 r 113.7 r 120.2 r 107.8 r 117.2 r 107.1 r 113.8 r 95.4 r 111.2 r

2019 IV 102.8 r 117.3 r 114.1 r 120.9 r 107.4 r 117.6 r 107.6 r 114.3 r 97.8 r 111.9 r

 III 102.5 r 116.6 r 113.7 r 120.1 r 107.4 r 117.2 r 108.2 r 114.2 r 95.0 r 111.5 r

 II 102.7 r 116.6 r 113.6 r 120.1 r 107.9 r 117.0 r 106.5 r 113.5 r 96.3 r 111.0 r

 I 102.4 r 116.3 r 113.5 r 119.7 r 108.4 r 116.9 r 106.1 r 113.3 r 92.7 r 110.4 r

2018 ANNUAL 102.0 r 114.9 r 112.7 r 115.9 r 105.8 r 113.7 r 105.1 r 110.8 r 98.7 r 109.1 r

2018 IV 102.1 r 115.5 r 113.1 r 116.6 r 105.8 r 114.3 r 105.3 r 111.3 r 101.7 r 109.9 r

 III 102.2 r 115.4 r 113.0 r 116.3 r 105.8 r 113.8 r 104.7 r 110.8 r 101.1 r 109.4 r

 II 101.5 r 114.4 r 112.7 r 115.4 r 105.5 r 113.6 r 105.2 r 110.8 r 97.6 r 108.9 r

 I 102.1 r 114.3 r 112.0 r 115.3 r 106.0 r 112.9 r 105.2 r 110.4 r 94.2 r 108.1 r

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

See footnotes following Table 6. August 14, 2020

r=revised Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics
-15-

SOURCES: Output data are from the Bureau of Economic Analysis and the Census Bureau of the U.S. 

Department of Commerce; the Bureau of Labor Statistics, U.S. Department of Labor; and the Federal 

Reserve Board. Hours and compensation data are from the Bureau of Labor Statistics and the Bureau of

Economic Analysis.

RELIABILITY: Productivity and cost measures are regularly revised as more complete information 

becomes available. The measures are first published within 40 days of the close of the reference period; 

revisions appear 30 days later, and second revisions after an additional 60 days. In the business sector, 

the third publication (second revision) of a quarterly index of output per hour of all persons has differed

from the initial value by between -1.4 and 1.4 index points approximately 95 percent of the time. This 

interval is based on the performance of this measure between the fourth quarter of 1995 and the first 

quarter of 2020.

Table Footnotes

(1) Wages and salaries of employees plus employers' contributions for social insurance and private

benefit plans. Except for nonfinancial corporations, where there are no self-employed, data also include

an estimate of wages, salaries, and supplemental payments for the self-employed.

(2) The change for recent quarters is based on the Consumer Price Index for all urban consumers 

(CPI-U). The trend from 1978-2019 is based on the Consumer Price Index research series (CPI-U-RS).

(3) Unit nonlabor payments include profits, consumption of fixed capital, taxes on production and 

imports less subsidies, net interest and miscellaneous payments, business current transfer payments, 

rental income of persons, and the current surplus of government enterprises.

(4) Current dollar output divided by the output index.

(5) Quarterly changes: Percent change compounded at annual rate is calculated using index numbers to 

three decimal places. Indexes published in the news release are rounded to one decimal place for

convenience. Annual changes: Percent change is calculated using annual indexes to three decimal 

places.

(6) Unit nonlabor costs include consumption of fixed capital, taxes on production and imports less 

subsidies, net interest and miscellaneous payments, and business current transfer payments.

(7) Total unit costs are the sum of unit labor and nonlabor costs.

(8) Unit profits include corporate profits before tax with inventory valuation and capital consumption 

adjustment.
-16-

Appendix table 1.

Business sector: Revised labor productivity, hourly compensation, unit labor costs, and prices,

seasonally adjusted.

 Real

 Hourly hourly Unit Implicit

Year Labor compen- compen- Unit nonlabor price

and produc- Hours sation sation labor payments deflator

quarter tivity Output worked (1) (2) costs (3) (4)

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

 Percent change from previous quarter at annual rate(5)

2017 ANNUAL 1.3 r 2.7 r 1.4 3.6 r 1.4 r 2.3 r 1.1 r 1.7 

2017 IV 0.6 r 4.6 r 4.0 4.6 r 1.5 r 4.1 r 0.6 r 2.5 r

 III 3.0 r 3.6 r 0.6 5.7 r 3.5 r 2.7 r 0.9 r 1.9 r

 II -0.2 r 1.9 r 2.1 2.4 r 2.0 r 2.6 r -1.0 r 1.0 r

 I 0.6 r 2.5 r 1.9 3.3 r 0.4 r 2.7 r 1.1 r 2.0 r

2016 ANNUAL 0.4 r 1.9 r 1.5 1.1 -0.2 0.7 r 0.9 r 0.8 

2016 IV 3.0 r 3.2 r 0.2 5.2 2.6 2.1 r 1.3 r 1.7 r

 III 1.6 2.5 r 0.9 2.1 r 0.2 0.5 2.0 r 1.2 r

 II -0.3 r 1.2 r 1.5 0.8 r -2.1 r 1.1 r 5.7 r 3.1 r

 I 0.9 r 2.6 r 1.7 0.0 r 0.1 r -0.8 r -0.6 r -0.7 r

2015 ANNUAL 1.5 r 3.8 r 2.3 2.9 2.8 r 1.4 r -0.8 0.4 r

2015 IV -2.3 r 0.4 r 2.8 -0.4 r -0.5 r 1.9 r -3.5 r -0.5 

 III 1.2 r 1.4 r 0.3 1.7 r 0.1 r 0.5 r 1.7 r 1.0 r

 II 1.7 r 3.3 r 1.5 r 3.5 0.7 1.8 r 2.5 r 2.1 

 I 3.6 r 4.8 r 1.2 5.0 r 7.6 1.3 r -4.7 r -1.4 r

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

 Percent change from corresponding quarter of previous year

2017 ANNUAL 1.3 r 2.7 r 1.4 3.6 r 1.4 r 2.3 r 1.1 r 1.7 

2017 IV 1.0 r 3.2 r 2.2 4.0 r 1.9 r 3.0 r 0.4 r 1.9 

 III 1.6 r 2.8 r 1.2 4.2 r 2.1 r 2.5 r 0.6 r 1.7 r

 II 1.3 2.5 r 1.3 3.2 r 1.3 2.0 0.8 r 1.5 r

 I 1.2 r 2.4 r 1.1 2.8 r 0.3 r 1.6 r 2.5 r 2.0 r

2016 ANNUAL 0.4 r 1.9 r 1.5 1.1 -0.2 0.7 r 0.9 r 0.8 

2016 IV 1.3 2.4 1.1 2.0 0.2 0.7 r 2.1 r 1.3 r

 III 0.0 r 1.7 1.7 0.6 r -0.6 r 0.7 0.9 r 0.7 

 II -0.2 1.4 r 1.6 0.5 -0.6 0.7 0.8 r 0.7 

 I 0.3 r 1.9 r 1.6 1.2 r 0.1 r 0.8 r 0.0 r 0.5 

2015 ANNUAL 1.5 r 3.8 r 2.3 2.9 2.8 r 1.4 r -0.8 0.4 r

2015 IV 1.0 r 2.5 r 1.4 2.4 2.0 r 1.4 r -1.1 0.3 r

 III 1.1 r 3.1 r 2.0 3.5 r 3.3 r 2.4 r -2.0 r 0.4 r

 II 1.6 r 4.3 r 2.7 3.6 r 3.5 r 2.0 r -1.3 0.5 r

 I 2.2 r 5.3 r 3.0 2.2 2.3 r 0.0 r 1.3 r 0.6 

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

 Indexes 2012=100

2017 ANNUAL 104.8 r 114.7 r 109.4 r 112.2 r 104.9 r 107.1 r 105.2 r 106.3 r

2017 IV 105.3 r 116.3 r 110.5 r 114.1 r 105.8 r 108.4 r 105.4 r 107.1 r

 III 105.1 r 115.0 r 109.4 r 112.8 r 105.4 r 107.3 r 105.2 r 106.4 r

 II 104.4 r 114.0 r 109.2 r 111.3 r 104.5 r 106.6 r 105.0 r 105.9 r

 I 104.4 r 113.4 r 108.7 r 110.6 r 104.0 r 105.9 r 105.2 r 105.6 r

2016 ANNUAL 103.5 r 111.6 r 107.9 r 108.3 r 103.5 r 104.7 r 104.1 r 104.4 r

2016 IV 104.3 r 112.8 r 108.1 r 109.7 r 103.9 r 105.2 r 105.0 r 105.1 r

 III 103.5 r 111.9 r 108.1 r 108.3 r 103.2 r 104.7 r 104.6 r 104.7 r

 II 103.1 r 111.2 r 107.8 r 107.8 r 103.2 r 104.6 r 104.1 r 104.4 r

 I 103.1 r 110.8 r 107.4 r 107.6 r 103.7 r 104.3 r 102.7 r 103.6 r

2015 ANNUAL 103.1 r 109.6 r 106.3 r 107.2 r 103.7 r 104.0 r 103.1 r 103.6 r

2015 IV 102.9 r 110.1 r 107.0 r 107.6 r 103.7 r 104.5 r 102.8 r 103.8 r

 III 103.5 r 110.0 r 106.3 r 107.7 r 103.8 r 104.0 r 103.7 r 103.9 r

 II 103.2 r 109.6 r 106.2 r 107.2 r 103.8 r 103.9 r 103.3 r 103.6 r

 I 102.8 r 108.7 r 105.8 r 106.3 r 103.6 r 103.4 r 102.7 r 103.1 r

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

See footnotes following Table 6. August 14, 2020

r=revised Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics
-17-

Appendix table 2.

Nonfarm business sector: Revised labor productivity, hourly compensation, unit labor costs, and

prices, seasonally adjusted.

 Real

 Hourly hourly Unit Implicit

Year Labor compen- compen- Unit nonlabor price

and produc- Hours sation sation labor payments deflator

quarter tivity Output worked (1) (2) costs (3) (4)

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

 Percent change from previous quarter at annual rate(5)

2017 ANNUAL 1.2 r 2.8 r 1.5 3.5 1.3 2.2 r 0.9 r 1.7 r

2017 IV 1.3 r 4.7 r 3.3 5.5 r 2.3 r 4.1 r 0.4 r 2.5 r

 III 2.5 r 3.8 r 1.3 5.2 r 3.0 r 2.7 r 1.2 r 2.0 r

 II -0.1 r 2.1 r 2.2 2.4 r 2.0 r 2.5 r -1.0 r 1.0 r

 I 1.0 r 2.4 r 1.3 3.9 r 1.0 r 2.9 r -0.3 r 1.5 r

2016 ANNUAL 0.3 1.8 r 1.5 1.1 -0.2 0.7 r 1.3 r 1.0 

2016 IV 2.5 r 3.4 r 0.9 4.3 1.7 1.7 r 1.9 r 1.8 r

 III 1.2 r 2.4 1.2 1.7 r -0.2 r 0.5 r 2.5 r 1.4 r

 II -0.1 r 1.1 r 1.2 1.1 r -1.7 r 1.3 r 5.8 r 3.2 r

 I 0.9 r 2.5 r 1.6 0.1 r 0.2 r -0.9 0.4 r -0.3 r

2015 ANNUAL 1.6 r 3.7 r 2.1 3.1 3.0 r 1.6 r -0.4 0.7 r

2015 IV -2.2 r 0.4 r 2.6 -0.2 -0.3 r 2.0 r -3.2 r -0.3 

 III 1.1 r 1.4 r 0.3 1.6 r 0.1 r 0.5 1.6 r 1.0 r

 II 1.5 r 3.4 r 1.9 3.3 r 0.5 r 1.7 r 2.4 r 2.0 r

 I 3.7 r 4.6 r 0.8 5.3 8.0 r 1.6 r -3.4 r -0.6 r

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

 Percent change from corresponding quarter of previous year

2017 ANNUAL 1.2 r 2.8 r 1.5 3.5 1.3 2.2 r 0.9 r 1.7 r

2017 IV 1.2 r 3.2 r 2.0 4.3 r 2.1 r 3.0 r 0.1 r 1.8 

 III 1.5 r 2.9 r 1.4 4.0 r 1.9 r 2.4 r 0.4 r 1.6 r

 II 1.2 2.6 1.4 3.1 r 1.1 r 1.9 r 0.8 r 1.4 

 I 1.2 2.3 r 1.2 2.8 r 0.2 r 1.6 r 2.4 r 1.9 

2016 ANNUAL 0.3 1.8 r 1.5 1.1 -0.2 0.7 r 1.3 r 1.0 

2016 IV 1.1 2.4 1.2 1.8 r 0.0 0.6 r 2.6 r 1.5 r

 III 0.0 r 1.6 1.6 0.7 -0.5 r 0.7 r 1.3 r 1.0 r

 II -0.1 r 1.4 r 1.4 0.7 r -0.4 r 0.7 r 1.1 r 0.9 

 I 0.3 r 1.9 r 1.6 1.2 r 0.1 r 0.8 r 0.3 r 0.6 

2015 ANNUAL 1.6 r 3.7 r 2.1 3.1 3.0 r 1.6 r -0.4 0.7 r

2015 IV 1.0 r 2.4 r 1.4 2.5 r 2.0 r 1.5 r -0.7 r 0.5 r

 III 1.1 r 3.0 r 1.9 3.6 r 3.4 r 2.5 r -1.8 r 0.6 r

 II 1.8 r 4.3 r 2.5 3.9 3.8 2.1 r -0.8 r 0.8 r

 I 2.4 r 5.2 r 2.7 2.6 2.7 r 0.2 r 1.7 0.8 r

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

 Indexes 2012=100

2017 ANNUAL 104.6 r 114.4 r 109.4 r 112.4 r 105.1 r 107.5 r 105.9 r 106.8 r

2017 IV 105.2 r 116.1 r 110.4 r 114.4 r 106.0 r 108.8 r 106.1 r 107.6 r

 III 104.8 r 114.8 r 109.5 r 112.9 r 105.4 r 107.7 r 106.0 r 107.0 r

 II 104.2 r 113.7 r 109.2 r 111.4 r 104.7 r 107.0 r 105.7 r 106.4 r

 I 104.2 r 113.1 r 108.6 r 110.8 r 104.1 r 106.3 r 105.9 r 106.2 r

2016 ANNUAL 103.3 r 111.3 r 107.8 r 108.6 r 103.7 r 105.1 r 105.0 r 105.0 r

2016 IV 103.9 r 112.5 r 108.2 r 109.7 r 103.9 r 105.6 r 106.0 r 105.8 r

 III 103.3 r 111.5 r 108.0 r 108.6 r 103.4 r 105.1 r 105.5 r 105.3 r

 II 103.0 r 110.8 r 107.6 r 108.1 r 103.5 r 105.0 r 104.9 r 104.9 r

 I 103.0 r 110.5 r 107.3 r 107.8 r 103.9 r 104.7 r 103.4 r 104.1 r

2015 ANNUAL 103.0 r 109.4 r 106.2 r 107.4 r 103.9 r 104.3 r 103.6 r 104.0 r

2015 IV 102.8 r 109.9 r 106.9 r 107.8 r 103.9 r 104.9 r 103.3 r 104.2 r

 III 103.3 r 109.8 r 106.2 r 107.9 r 104.0 r 104.4 r 104.2 r 104.3 r

 II 103.1 r 109.4 r 106.1 r 107.4 r 103.9 r 104.2 r 103.7 r 104.0 r

 I 102.7 r 108.5 r 105.6 r 106.6 r 103.8 r 103.8 r 103.1 r 103.5 r

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

See footnotes following Table 6. August 14, 2020

r=revised Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics
-18-

Appendix table 3.

Manufacturing sector: Revised labor productivity, hourly compensation, and unit labor costs,

seasonally adjusted.

 Real

Year Labor Hourly hourly Unit

and produc- Hours compensa- compensa- labor

quarter tivity Output worked tion (1) tion (2) costs

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

 Percent change from previous quarter at annual rate(5)

2017 ANNUAL -0.4 0.6 1.0 3.2 r 1.1 r 3.6 r

2017 IV 3.1 r 5.0 r 1.8 5.0 r 1.8 r 1.8 r

 III -5.3 -2.7 2.8 2.5 r 0.3 r 8.3 r

 II 1.9 r 1.7 -0.1 4.5 r 4.1 r 2.6 r

 I -1.3 r 0.6 r 1.9 3.0 r 0.1 r 4.3 r

2016 ANNUAL -0.2 -0.2 0.0 0.5 -0.8 0.7 

2016 IV 1.0 r 1.1 r 0.1 4.4 r 1.8 r 3.3 r

 III 0.0 r 0.9 r 0.9 1.2 r -0.7 r 1.2 r

 II -1.3 r -1.7 -0.4 1.1 r -1.8 r 2.4 r

 I 2.1 r 1.4 r -0.7 -1.7 r -1.6 r -3.7 r

2015 ANNUAL -1.8 -0.9 1.0 2.5 2.3 4.4 

2015 IV -3.6 -1.7 2.0 -1.4 r -1.5 r 2.3 r

 III 1.8 0.4 -1.3 3.9 r 2.3 r 2.1 r

 II -1.3 -1.6 -0.3 1.8 r -1.0 r 3.2 r

 I -2.6 -3.8 -1.1 4.1 r 6.7 r 6.9 r

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

 Percent change from corresponding quarter of previous year

2017 ANNUAL -0.4 0.6 1.0 3.2 r 1.1 r 3.6 r

2017 IV -0.5 1.1 1.6 3.7 1.6 4.2 r

 III -1.0 r 0.2 r 1.2 3.6 r 1.6 r 4.6 r

 II 0.4 r 1.1 r 0.7 3.2 r 1.3 r 2.8 r

 I -0.4 r 0.2 r 0.6 2.4 r -0.2 r 2.8 r

2016 ANNUAL -0.2 -0.2 0.0 0.5 -0.8 0.7 

2016 IV 0.4 0.4 0.0 1.2 r -0.6 r 0.8 r

 III -0.7 -0.3 0.4 -0.2 -1.4 0.5 r

 II -0.3 -0.4 -0.1 0.4 r -0.6 r 0.7 r

 I -0.3 -0.4 -0.1 0.6 r -0.4 r 0.9 r

2015 ANNUAL -1.8 -0.9 1.0 2.5 2.3 4.4 

2015 IV -1.5 -1.7 -0.2 2.1 r 1.6 r 3.6 r

 III -1.7 -1.2 0.5 3.3 3.1 5.1 

 II -2.3 -1.0 1.3 2.9 2.8 5.3 r

 I -1.9 0.4 2.3 1.9 r 1.9 3.8 

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

 Indexes 2012=100

2017 ANNUAL 98.3 r 102.7 r 104.5 109.9 r 102.8 r 111.8 r

2017 IV 98.3 r 103.4 r 105.2 111.6 r 103.4 r 113.5 r

 III 97.5 r 102.1 r 104.7 110.2 r 103.0 r 113.0 r

 II 98.9 r 102.8 r 104.0 109.5 r 102.9 r 110.8 r

 I 98.4 r 102.4 r 104.0 108.3 r 101.8 r 110.1 r

2016 ANNUAL 98.7 r 102.0 r 103.4 106.5 r 101.7 r 107.9 r

2016 IV 98.8 r 102.2 r 103.5 107.6 r 101.8 r 108.9 r

 III 98.5 r 102.0 r 103.5 106.4 r 101.4 r 108.0 r

 II 98.5 r 101.7 r 103.3 106.1 r 101.6 r 107.7 r

 I 98.8 r 102.2 r 103.4 105.8 r 102.0 r 107.1 r

2015 ANNUAL 98.9 r 102.2 r 103.4 105.9 r 102.5 r 107.1 r

2015 IV 98.3 r 101.8 r 103.5 106.3 r 102.4 r 108.1 r

 III 99.2 r 102.3 r 103.0 106.7 r 102.8 r 107.5 r

 II 98.8 r 102.1 r 103.4 105.6 r 102.2 r 106.9 r

 I 99.1 102.6 103.5 105.2 r 102.5 r 106.1 r

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

See footnotes following Table 6. August 14, 2020

r=revised Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics
-19-

Appendix table 4.

Durable manufacturing sector: Revised labor productivity, hourly compensation, and unit labor

costs, seasonally adjusted.

 Real

Year Labor Hourly hourly Unit

and produc- Hours compensa- compensa- labor

quarter tivity Output worked tion (1) tion (2) costs

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

 Percent change from previous quarter at annual rate(5)

2017 ANNUAL 0.1 0.7 0.6 4.0 r 1.9 r 3.9 r

2017 IV 3.8 r 5.3 r 1.4 6.8 r 3.6 r 2.8 r

 III -4.4 r -2.2 r 2.3 2.5 r 0.3 r 7.2 r

 II 2.9 r 1.0 r -1.9 7.8 r 7.4 r 4.8 r

 I -1.4 r 1.2 r 2.6 2.6 r -0.3 r 4.1 r

2016 ANNUAL -1.3 -1.7 -0.4 0.9 -0.4 2.2 

2016 IV 0.4 r 0.6 r 0.2 4.8 r 2.2 r 4.4 r

 III 1.8 r 1.8 r 0.0 1.8 r -0.1 r 0.0 r

 II -0.5 -2.4 r -1.9 1.5 r -1.4 r 2.0 r

 I -1.2 r -1.3 -0.1 -1.2 r -1.1 r 0.1 r

2015 ANNUAL -1.6 -1.0 0.6 3.1 2.9 4.7 

2015 IV -6.6 -5.2 r 1.4 -1.5 r -1.5 r 5.5 r

 III 1.6 -0.2 r -1.9 4.0 r 2.4 r 2.3 r

 II -0.9 -1.9 -1.0 2.4 r -0.4 r 3.3 r

 I -2.9 -4.5 -1.7 5.0 7.7 r 8.1 r

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

 Percent change from corresponding quarter of previous year

2017 ANNUAL 0.1 0.7 0.6 4.0 r 1.9 r 3.9 r

2017 IV 0.2 r 1.3 r 1.1 4.9 r 2.7 r 4.7 r

 III -0.7 0.1 0.8 4.4 2.4 r 5.1 

 II 0.9 r 1.1 r 0.2 4.2 r 2.3 r 3.3 r

 I 0.1 r 0.3 r 0.2 2.7 r 0.1 r 2.6 r

2016 ANNUAL -1.3 -1.7 -0.4 0.9 -0.4 2.2 

2016 IV 0.1 r -0.3 -0.4 1.7 r -0.1 r 1.6 r

 III -1.7 -1.8 -0.1 0.1 r -1.0 1.9 

 II -1.7 -2.3 -0.6 0.7 r -0.4 r 2.4 r

 I -1.8 -2.2 -0.4 0.9 r -0.2 r 2.8 r

2015 ANNUAL -1.6 -1.0 0.6 3.1 2.9 4.7 

2015 IV -2.2 -3.0 -0.8 2.4 2.0 r 4.8 r

 III -1.1 -1.5 -0.4 4.1 3.9 5.3 

 II -1.7 -0.7 1.0 3.6 3.5 5.3 r

 I -1.3 1.2 2.6 2.2 2.2 3.6 r

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

 Indexes 2012=100

2017 ANNUAL 98.8 r 102.8 r 104.1 110.4 r 103.2 r 111.8 r

2017 IV 99.1 r 103.6 r 104.6 112.7 r 104.4 r 113.7 r

 III 98.2 r 102.3 r 104.2 110.8 r 103.5 r 112.9 r

 II 99.3 r 102.9 r 103.6 110.1 r 103.4 r 111.0 r

 I 98.5 r 102.6 r 104.1 108.1 r 101.6 r 109.7 r

2016 ANNUAL 98.6 r 102.1 r 103.5 106.1 r 101.4 r 107.6 r

2016 IV 98.9 r 102.3 r 103.4 107.4 r 101.7 r 108.6 r

 III 98.8 r 102.2 r 103.4 106.2 r 101.1 r 107.4 r

 II 98.4 r 101.7 r 103.4 105.7 r 101.2 r 107.4 r

 I 98.5 r 102.3 r 103.9 105.3 r 101.5 r 106.9 r

2015 ANNUAL 99.9 r 103.8 r 103.9 105.2 r 101.8 r 105.3 r

2015 IV 98.8 r 102.6 r 103.9 105.6 r 101.8 r 106.9 r

 III 100.5 r 104.0 r 103.5 106.0 r 102.2 r 105.5 r

 II 100.1 r 104.1 r 104.0 105.0 r 101.6 r 104.9 r

 I 100.3 r 104.6 r 104.3 104.4 r 101.7 r 104.0 r

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

See footnotes following Table 6. August 14, 2020

r=revised Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics
-20-

Appendix table 5.

Nondurable manufacturing sector: Revised labor productivity, hourly compensation, and unit labor

costs, seasonally adjusted.

 Real

Year Labor Hourly hourly Unit

and produc- Hours compensa- compensa- labor

quarter tivity Output worked tion (1) tion (2) costs

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

 Percent change from previous quarter at annual rate(5)

2017 ANNUAL -1.5 r 0.2 r 1.7 1.8 r -0.3 r 3.3 r

2017 IV 1.8 r 4.4 r 2.5 1.7 r -1.4 r -0.2 r

 III -6.9 r -3.4 r 3.7 2.6 r 0.4 r 10.2 r

 II -0.6 2.3 2.9 -1.2 r -1.6 r -0.7 r

 I -1.0 r -0.3 r 0.6 3.6 r 0.7 r 4.6 r

2016 ANNUAL 0.3 1.1 0.8 0.0 -1.3 -0.4 r

2016 IV 1.4 r 1.2 r -0.2 3.5 r 1.0 r 2.1 r

 III -3.0 r -0.7 r 2.5 0.2 r -1.7 r 3.3 r

 II -3.9 -1.7 r 2.2 0.5 r -2.3 r 4.6 r

 I 5.5 r 3.7 r -1.7 -2.7 r -2.6 r -7.8 r

2015 ANNUAL -1.3 0.4 1.7 1.5 1.4 r 2.9 r

2015 IV -0.8 r 2.0 r 2.8 -1.2 r -1.3 r -0.5 r

 III 2.0 r 1.6 -0.4 3.9 2.4 r 1.9 r

 II -1.2 -0.3 0.9 0.9 r -1.9 r 2.1 r

 I -1.0 -1.3 -0.3 2.4 r 5.0 r 3.5 r

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

 Percent change from corresponding quarter of previous year

2017 ANNUAL -1.5 r 0.2 r 1.7 1.8 r -0.3 r 3.3 r

2017 IV -1.7 r 0.7 r 2.4 1.6 r -0.5 r 3.4 r

 III -1.8 r -0.1 r 1.8 2.1 r 0.1 r 4.0 r

 II -0.8 r 0.6 r 1.4 1.5 r -0.4 r 2.3 r

 I -1.6 r -0.4 r 1.3 2.0 r -0.6 r 3.7 r

2016 ANNUAL 0.3 1.1 0.8 0.0 -1.3 -0.4 r

2016 IV -0.1 r 0.6 r 0.7 0.4 r -1.4 r 0.4 r

 III -0.6 r 0.8 1.4 -0.8 -2.0 r -0.2 r

 II 0.7 1.4 0.7 0.1 r -1.0 r -0.5 r

 I 1.3 r 1.7 r 0.4 0.2 r -0.9 r -1.1 r

2015 ANNUAL -1.3 0.4 1.7 1.5 1.4 r 2.9 r

2015 IV -0.3 r 0.5 0.7 1.5 r 1.0 r 1.7 r

 III -1.8 0.3 2.1 2.0 1.8 3.8 

 II -2.0 0.0 2.0 1.6 1.5 3.6 

 I -1.1 r 0.7 r 1.8 1.2 r 1.2 2.2 

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

 Indexes 2012=100

2017 ANNUAL 98.8 r 103.8 r 105.0 109.0 r 101.9 r 110.4 r

2017 IV 98.2 r 104.3 r 106.2 109.6 r 101.6 r 111.6 r

 III 97.8 r 103.2 r 105.5 109.2 r 102.0 r 111.7 r

 II 99.5 r 104.1 r 104.6 108.5 r 101.9 r 109.0 r

 I 99.7 r 103.5 r 103.8 108.8 r 102.3 r 109.2 r

2016 ANNUAL 100.3 r 103.5 r 103.2 107.1 r 102.3 r 106.8 r

2016 IV 99.9 r 103.6 r 103.7 107.9 r 102.1 r 107.9 r

 III 99.6 r 103.2 r 103.7 106.9 r 101.9 r 107.4 r

 II 100.3 r 103.4 r 103.1 106.9 r 102.3 r 106.5 r

 I 101.3 r 103.9 r 102.5 106.7 r 102.9 r 105.3 r

2015 ANNUAL 100.0 r 102.4 r 102.4 107.1 r 103.6 r 107.2 r

2015 IV 100.0 r 102.9 r 102.9 107.5 r 103.6 r 107.5 r

 III 100.2 r 102.4 r 102.2 107.8 r 103.9 r 107.6 r

 II 99.7 r 102.0 r 102.3 106.8 r 103.3 r 107.1 r

 I 100.0 r 102.1 r 102.1 106.5 r 103.8 r 106.5 r

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

See footnotes following Table 6. August 14, 2020

r=revised Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics
-21-

Appendix table 6.

Nonfinancial corporate sector: Revised labor productivity, hourly compensation, unit labor costs,

unit profits, and prices, seasonally adjusted.

 Real

 Hourly hourly Unit Total Implicit

Year Labor compen- compen- Unit nonlabor unit Unit price

and produc- Hours sation sation labor costs costs profits deflator

quarter tivity Output worked (1) (2) costs (6) (7) (8) (4)

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

 Percent change from previous quarter at annual rate(5)

2017 ANNUAL 0.9 r 2.6 r 1.7 3.3 1.1 2.4 r 1.9 r 2.2 r -1.0 r 1.8 r

2017 IV -1.0 r 1.7 2.7 2.7 r -0.4 r 3.7 r -0.6 r 2.3 r 2.7 r 2.4 

 III -2.3 r -0.9 r 1.5 2.8 r 0.6 r 5.2 r 1.8 r 4.1 r -11.4 r 2.0 r

 II 1.3 r 4.1 r 2.7 0.7 r 0.3 r -0.6 r 2.1 r 0.3 r 7.6 r 1.2 r

 I 5.1 r 6.8 r 1.6 7.7 r 4.7 r 2.5 r -3.3 r 0.6 15.7 r 2.4 r

2016 ANNUAL -1.2 r 0.2 r 1.5 1.1 -0.2 2.4 r 1.1 1.9 -6.4 r 0.8 

2016 IV 0.5 r 1.1 r 0.6 3.1 r 0.6 2.7 r 7.8 r 4.3 -14.0 r 1.8 r

 III 0.4 r 2.3 r 1.9 1.1 -0.8 0.7 r 2.0 r 1.1 r 0.2 r 1.0 r

 II -5.5 r -4.6 r 0.9 0.7 r -2.1 r 6.5 r 8.5 r 7.2 r -24.5 r 2.3 r

 I 1.8 r 2.5 r 0.7 2.0 r 2.1 r 0.3 r -14.7 r -4.9 r 31.1 r -0.8 r

2015 ANNUAL 0.8 r 3.0 r 2.2 3.0 2.9 r 2.3 r 0.5 r 1.7 r -3.8 r 0.9 r

2015 IV -3.5 r -0.8 r 2.8 -0.6 -0.6 3.0 r 16.4 r 7.2 r -35.8 r 0.1 

 III 0.4 r 2.7 r 2.3 0.7 r -0.9 r 0.2 r -1.4 r -0.3 r 12.9 1.5 r

 II -1.4 r -0.5 r 0.9 2.5 -0.3 3.9 r 2.4 r 3.4 r -5.7 r 2.1 r

 I 2.2 r 3.1 r 0.9 9.1 r 11.9 r 6.8 r -1.1 r 4.1 r -23.1 r -0.4 r

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

 Percent change from corresponding quarter of previous year

2017 ANNUAL 0.9 r 2.6 r 1.7 3.3 1.1 2.4 r 1.9 r 2.2 r -1.0 r 1.8 r

2017 IV 0.7 r 2.9 r 2.1 3.5 r 1.3 r 2.7 r 0.0 r 1.8 r 3.2 r 2.0 r

 III 1.1 r 2.7 r 1.6 3.6 r 1.5 r 2.4 r 2.0 r 2.3 r -1.3 r 1.8 r

 II 1.8 r 3.5 r 1.7 3.1 r 1.2 1.3 r 2.1 r 1.6 1.8 r 1.6 r

 I 0.0 r 1.3 r 1.3 3.1 r 0.5 r 3.1 r 3.6 r 3.3 r -6.8 r 1.9 r

2016 ANNUAL -1.2 r 0.2 r 1.5 1.1 -0.2 2.4 r 1.1 1.9 -6.4 r 0.8 

2016 IV -0.7 r 0.3 r 1.0 1.7 r -0.1 2.5 r 0.4 r 1.8 r -3.9 1.1 

 III -1.7 -0.2 1.6 0.8 -0.4 2.6 2.4 r 2.5 -10.7 r 0.6 r

 II -1.7 r -0.1 r 1.7 0.7 -0.4 2.5 r 1.5 r 2.2 r -8.0 r 0.8 

 I -0.7 r 0.9 r 1.7 1.1 0.1 r 1.8 r 0.1 r 1.3 r -2.7 r 0.7 r

2015 ANNUAL 0.8 r 3.0 r 2.2 3.0 2.9 r 2.3 r 0.5 r 1.7 r -3.8 r 0.9 r

2015 IV -0.6 r 1.1 r 1.7 2.9 r 2.4 r 3.5 r 3.8 r 3.6 r -14.9 r 0.8 r

 III 0.5 r 2.5 r 1.9 3.5 r 3.3 r 2.9 r -0.2 r 1.9 r -5.3 r 0.8 r

 II 1.4 r 3.5 r 2.1 3.6 r 3.5 r 2.1 r -0.5 r 1.3 r -2.1 r 0.8 r

 I 1.7 r 4.8 r 3.1 2.2 2.3 0.5 r -1.0 r 0.0 r 9.4 r 1.3 r

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

 Indexes 2012=100

2017 ANNUAL 101.3 r 112.0 r 110.5 r 112.0 r 104.7 r 110.5 r 106.1 r 109.1 r 93.0 r 106.8 r

2017 IV 100.9 r 112.5 r 111.5 113.0 r 104.7 r 111.9 r 106.4 r 110.1 r 92.4 r 107.6 r

 III 101.2 r 112.0 r 110.7 112.2 r 104.8 r 110.9 r 106.5 r 109.5 r 91.8 r 106.9 r

 II 101.8 r 112.3 r 110.3 r 111.4 r 104.7 r 109.5 r 106.1 r 108.4 r 94.6 r 106.4 r

 I 101.4 r 111.2 r 109.6 111.3 r 104.6 r 109.7 r 105.5 r 108.3 r 92.9 r 106.1 r

2016 ANNUAL 100.4 r 109.1 r 108.7 108.4 r 103.5 r 107.9 r 104.1 r 106.7 r 93.8 r 104.8 r

2016 IV 100.2 r 109.4 r 109.2 109.2 r 103.4 r 109.0 r 106.4 r 108.1 r 89.6 r 105.5 r

 III 100.1 r 109.1 r 109.0 108.4 r 103.2 r 108.3 r 104.4 r 107.0 r 93.0 r 105.0 r

 II 100.0 r 108.4 r 108.5 108.1 r 103.4 r 108.1 r 103.9 r 106.7 r 93.0 r 104.7 r

 I 101.4 r 109.7 r 108.2 107.9 r 104.0 r 106.4 r 101.8 r 104.9 r 99.7 r 104.1 r

2015 ANNUAL 101.7 r 108.9 r 107.1 107.2 r 103.7 r 105.5 r 103.0 r 104.6 r 100.2 r 104.0 r

2015 IV 100.9 r 109.1 r 108.0 107.3 r 103.5 r 106.3 r 106.0 r 106.2 r 93.2 r 104.4 r

 III 101.8 r 109.3 r 107.3 107.5 r 103.6 r 105.6 r 102.0 r 104.4 r 104.2 r 104.3 r

 II 101.7 r 108.6 r 106.7 107.3 r 103.8 r 105.5 r 102.4 r 104.4 r 101.1 r 104.0 r

 I 102.1 r 108.7 r 106.5 106.7 r 103.9 r 104.5 r 101.7 r 103.6 r 102.5 r 103.4 r

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

See footnotes following Table 6. August 14, 2020

r=revised Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics