U.S. IMPORT AND EXPORT PRICE INDEXES – SEPTEMBER 2023

Prices for U.S. imports ticked up 0.1 percent in September following a 0.6-percent advance the previous 

month, the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today. Higher fuel prices drove the September increase. 

U.S. export prices rose 0.7 percent in September, after advancing 1.1 percent in August. 

Chart 1. One-month and 12-month percent changes in the Import Price Index: September 2022 – September 2023

Imports 

The price index for U.S. imports increased 0.1 percent in September as higher fuel prices more than offset 

lower nonfuel prices. U.S. import prices last declined on a monthly basis in June, and advanced 0.9 percent 

in the third quarter of 2023. Despite the recent increases, prices for U.S. imports declined 1.7 percent for the 

year ended in September. (See table 1.)

Fuel Imports: Import fuel prices advanced 4.4 percent in September, after rising 8.8 percent in August. The 

index has not recorded a 1-month decline since May 2023. Higher prices for petroleum in September more 

than offset a drop in natural gas prices. In spite of the recent increases, import fuel prices decreased 8.9 

percent for the year ended in September. Prices for import petroleum rose 4.9 percent in September 

following a 9.0-percent increase the previous month. Import petroleum prices fell 6.6 percent over the past

12 months. In contrast, the price index for import natural gas declined 7.8 percent, after advances of 13.4 

percent in August and 13.7 percent in July. Prices for natural gas decreased 53.8 percent from September 

2022 to September 2023. 

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Transmission of material in this release is embargoed until

8:30 a.m. (ET) Friday, October 13, 2023 

Technical information: (202) 691-7101 • MXPinfo@bls.gov • www.bls.gov/mxp

Media contact: (202) 691-5902 • PressOffice@bls.gov

USDL-23-2187
2

All Imports Excluding Fuel: Prices for nonfuel imports decreased 0.2 percent for the second consecutive 

month in September. Lower prices in September for foods, feeds, and beverages; nonfuel industrial supplies 

and materials; capital goods; and automotive vehicles all contributed to the September decline in nonfuel 

import prices. Nonfuel import prices fell 0.8 percent over the past year. 

Foods, Feeds, and Beverages: The price index for import foods, feeds, and beverages declined 1.3 percent 

in September, the largest monthly drop since the index fell 1.5 percent in August 2022. The decline was 

driven by lower fruit prices. 

Nonfuel Industrial Supplies and Materials: Prices for nonfuel industrial supplies and materials fell 0.5 

percent in September led by lower prices for unfinished metals, paper, and selected building materials. 

Nonfuel industrial supplies and materials prices have not risen on a monthly basis since February 2023. 

Finished Goods: Prices for most of the major import finished goods categories declined in September. 

Capital goods prices declined 0.1 percent for the second consecutive month. The September decrease was 

driven by lower prices for oil drilling, mining, and construction machinery and equipment. Prices for import 

automotive vehicles edged down 0.1 percent in September, after being unchanged the previous month. The 

decline was led by lower prices for parts, engines, bodies, and chassis. The price index for import consumer 

goods was unchanged in September. 

Table A. Percent change in Import and Export Price Indexes, selected categories
3

Chart 2. One-month and 12-month percent changes in the Export Price Index: September 2022 – September 2023

Exports 

U.S. export prices rose 0.7 percent in September following a 1.1-percent increase in August. Higher prices 

for nonagricultural exports in September more than offset lower agricultural prices. Despite the recent 

advances, prices for U.S. exports decreased 4.1 percent over the past year. The 12-month drop in September 

was the smallest over-the-year decline since February 2023. (See table 2.)

Agricultural Exports: The price index for agricultural exports fell 1.1 percent in September, after 

decreasing 2.1 percent the previous month. Lower prices in September for soybeans, corn, wheat, and meat 

all contributed to the decline in agricultural export prices. Prices for agricultural exports fell 7.8 percent 

from September 2022 to September 2023. 

All Exports Excluding Agriculture: Prices for nonagricultural exports rose 1.0 percent in September 

following a 1.5-percent increase the previous month. Higher prices for nonagricultural industrial supplies 

and materials, automotive vehicles, and capital goods in September offset lower prices for consumer goods 

and nonagricultural food. Despite the recent increases, nonagricultural export prices declined 3.8 percent for 

the year ended in September. 

Nonagricultural Industrial Supplies and Materials: Nonagricultural industrial supplies and materials prices 

advanced 2.2 percent in September and 6.8 percent over the past 3 months. The increases in each of the past 

3 months were driven by higher fuel prices. Export fuel prices advanced 4.8 percent in September, 7.3 

percent in August, and 5.2 percent in July. 

Finished Goods: Prices for the major finished goods export categories were mixed in September. 

Automotive vehicles prices rose 1.0 percent, after advancing 0.3 percent in August. The September increase 

was the largest 1-month rise since January 2023 and was led by higher passenger cars prices. Prices for 

export capital goods ticked up 0.1 percent for the third consecutive month in September. Export capital 

goods prices have not decreased on a monthly basis since November 2022. The September increase was led 

by a 0.9-percent advance in semiconductor prices. In contrast, the price index for export consumer goods 

fell 0.3 percent in September, following a 0.3-percent drop in August. 

More information for the major import and export price indexes can be found at 

www.bls.gov/web/ximpim/largest.htm. 

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Sep'22 Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep'23

1-month percent change 12-month percent change
4

Measures of Import and Export Prices by Locality

Imports by Locality of Origin: Prices for imports from China fell 0.3 percent in September, after being 

unchanged the previous month. The price index for imports from China has not recorded a monthly increase 

since October 2022. Import prices from China declined 2.6 percent over the past 12 months, the largest 

over-the-year drop since October 2009. Prices for imports from Japan rose 0.1 percent in September 

following a 0.1-percent decline in August. Import prices from Japan advanced 1.0 percent over the past 

year. Prices for imports from Canada increased 0.8 percent in September and 5.6 percent in the third quarter 

of 2023. Despite those advances, prices for imports from Canada fell 6.7 percent for the year ended in 

September. Import prices from the European Union and Mexico decreased in September, falling 0.2 percent 

and 0.1 percent, respectively. Prices for imports from the European Union rose 2.4 percent over the past 

year and prices for imports from Mexico advanced 3.7 percent. (See table 7.)

Exports by Locality of Destination: The price index for exports to China increased 1.0 percent in 

September, after declining 0.6 percent in August. Despite the September rise, prices for exports to China 

decreased 5.3 percent over the past 12 months. Export prices to Japan also rose 1.0 percent in September 

after being unchanged the previous month. The September advance was the first 1-month increase since the 

index rose 1.1 percent in February 2023. Prices for exports to Japan fell 7.5 percent over the past year. The 

price indexes for exports to Canada and Mexico also rose in September, increasing 0.5 percent and 0.2 

percent, respectively. Export prices to the European Union advanced 1.1 percent in September, after 

increasing 0.4 percent in August. (See table 8.) 

Terms of Trade Indexes: Terms of trade indexes are based on country, region, or grouping and measure 

the change in the purchasing power of exports relative to imports. U.S. terms of trade with China rose 1.3 

percent in September, after decreasing 0.7 percent in August. Higher export prices to China and lower 

import prices from China each contributed to the advance. U.S. terms of trade with China decreased 2.8 

percent for the year ended in September. The index for U.S. terms of trade with Japan increased 0.9 percent 

in September, the largest rise since February 2023. U.S. terms of trade with Japan fell 8.4 percent over the 

past year. In contrast, U.S. terms of trade with Canada declined 0.2 percent in September following a 2.8- 

percent drop the previous month. The indexes for U.S. terms of trade with Mexico and the European Union 

rose 0.4 percent and 1.3 percent, respectively, in September. (See table 9.)

Import and Export Services

Imports: Import air passenger fares rose 9.9 percent in September, after declining 14.1 percent in August 

and 9.2 percent in July. The September upturn was driven by a 17.7-percent advance in European fares. 

Despite the September increase, import air passenger fares decreased 3.4 percent over the past year. The 

price index for import air freight increased in September, advancing 4.3 percent following a 13.9-percent 

decrease the previous month. The September rise was led by higher prices for import freight from Asia. 

Import air freight prices fell 32.8 percent for the year ended in September. (See table 10.)

Exports: Export air passenger fares declined 4.5 percent in September, after decreasing 8.8 percent the 

previous month. Lower Latin American/Caribbean and Asian fares in September more than offset higher 

European fares. The index for export air passenger fares fell 7.2 percent from September 2022 to September 

2023, the largest 12-month drop since an 11.5-percent decline for the year ended July 2020. Prices for 

export air freight decreased 1.8 percent in September following a 2.8-percent increase in August. The 

September decline was driven by a 3.8-percent drop in Asian air freight prices. Export air freight prices fell 

13.9 percent over the past 12 months. 

 

U.S. Import and Export Price Index data for October 2023 are scheduled for release on Thursday, 

November 16, 2023, at 8:30 a.m. (ET).
Table 1. U.S. import price indexes and percent changes for selected categories of goods: September 2022 to

September 2023

[2000=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description End Use

Relative

importance

Aug.

20231

Index Percent change

Aug.

2023

Sep.

2023

Annual Monthly

Sep.

2022 to

Sep.

2023

May

2023 to

Jun.

2023

Jun.

2023 to

Jul.

2023

Jul.

2023 to

Aug.

2023

Aug.

2023 to

Sep.

2023

All commodities................................... 100.000 140.4 140.6 -1.7 -0.2 0.1 0.6 0.1

All imports excluding food and fuels (Dec.

2010=100)........................................ 83.138 107.7 107.6 -1.1 -0.4 -0.2 -0.3 -0.1

All imports excluding petroleum.............. 90.899 123.4 123.0 -1.2 -0.3 0.0 -0.1 -0.3

All imports excluding fuels (Dec.

2001=100)........................................ 90.358 127.2 126.9 -0.8 -0.3 -0.1 -0.2 -0.2

Foods, feeds, & beverages................... 0 7.220 215.4 212.5 3.1 -0.1 2.4 0.7 -1.3

Agricultural foods, feeds & beverages,

excluding distilled beverages............. 00 5.804 239.7 236.3 5.1 0.3 3.2 0.7 -1.4

Nonagricultural foods (fish, distilled

beverages).................................. 01 1.416 157.8 155.8 -4.5 -1.9 -0.5 0.6 -1.3

Industrial supplies & materials.............. 1 24.921 247.2 250.7 -7.7 -0.4 -0.5 2.6 1.4

Industrial supplies & materials excluding

petroleum.................................... 15.935 199.2 197.9 -9.0 -1.2 -1.1 -0.6 -0.7

Industrial supplies & materials excluding

fuels (Dec. 2001=100)..................... 15.292 222.7 221.6 -7.2 -1.3 -1.3 -0.9 -0.5

Industrial supplies & materials, durable. . .. 9.657 217.0 215.5 -5.3 -1.9 -1.4 -0.6 -0.7

Industrial supplies & materials nondurable

excluding petroleum....................... 6.163 178.7 177.8 -13.9 -0.2 -0.6 -0.7 -0.5

Fuels & lubricants............................. 10 9.642 300.3 313.4 -8.9 1.1 1.2 8.8 4.4

Petroleum & petroleum products......... 100 9.101 323.6 339.4 -6.6 1.2 0.8 9.0 4.9

Crude petroleum........................... 10000 5.759 332.6 352.1 -1.6 -0.5 3.4 8.9 5.9

Fuels, n.e.s.-coals & gas.................. 101 0.408 169.0 159.8 -45.8 -1.3 9.3 9.7 -5.4

Natural gas.................................. 10110 0.299 144.2 133.0 -53.8 -1.5 13.7 13.4 -7.8

Paper & paper base stocks.................. 11 0.525 140.1 136.2 -10.2 3.3 -1.5 -2.4 -2.8

Materials associated with nondurable

supplies & materials....................... 12 5.096 193.8 194.0 -10.6 -0.4 -1.3 -1.4 0.1

Selected building materials.................. 13 1.748 191.1 189.8 -7.1 -0.6 1.7 0.3 -0.7

Unfinished metals related to durable

goods........................................ 14 3.811 314.4 310.6 -9.1 -3.4 -3.5 -1.4 -1.2

Finished metals related to durable

goods........................................ 15 2.332 217.1 216.5 0.8 -0.1 -0.5 -0.3 -0.3

Nonmetals related to durable goods. . . . . .. 16 1.766 123.9 123.5 -3.9 -1.9 -0.5 -0.1 -0.3

Capital goods................................... 2 27.715 93.5 93.4 0.6 -0.1 0.0 -0.1 -0.1

Electric generating equipment............... 20 3.745 129.8 130.1 0.9 -0.2 -0.2 0.5 0.2

Nonelectrical machinery...................... 21 22.560 84.3 84.2 0.2 -0.1 0.0 -0.2 -0.1

Transportation equipment excluding motor

vehicles (Dec. 2001=100)................. 22 1.410 154.1 154.2 6.4 0.1 0.7 0.0 0.1

Automotive vehicles, parts & engines..... 3 12.858 118.5 118.4 1.6 -0.1 0.5 0.0 -0.1

Consumer goods, excluding

automotives.................................. 4 27.286 109.8 109.8 -0.3 -0.3 -0.2 -0.1 0.0

Nondurables, manufactured................. 40 12.763 125.0 125.0 0.2 -0.1 -0.3 -0.1 0.0

Durables, manufactured...................... 41 13.572 95.3 95.2 -0.4 -0.2 -0.1 0.0 -0.1

Nonmanufactured consumer goods. . . . . . .. 42 0.952 123.0 123.1 -5.4 -2.2 -2.1 -0.7 0.1

1 Relative importance figures are based on 2021 trade values.

NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication.

Dash = Not available

5
Table 2. U.S. export price indexes and percent changes for selected categories of goods: September 2022 to

September 2023

[2000=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description End Use

Relative

importance

Aug.

20231

Index Percent change

Aug.

2023

Sep.

2023

Annual Monthly

Sep.

2022 to

Sep.

2023

May

2023 to

Jun.

2023

Jun.

2023 to

Jul.

2023

Jul.

2023 to

Aug.

2023

Aug.

2023 to

Sep.

2023

All commodities................................... 100.000 149.2 150.3 -4.1 -0.6 0.4 1.1 0.7

Agricultural commodities....................... 10.676 236.1 233.5 -7.8 -1.4 0.5 -2.1 -1.1

All exports excluding food and fuels (Dec.

2010=100)........................................ 73.114 113.9 114.0 -0.3 -0.5 -0.5 0.2 0.1

All exports excluding fuels (June

2022=100)........................................ 82.880 98.8 98.8 -0.2 -0.6 -0.2 -0.2 0.0

Nonagricultural commodities.................. 89.324 142.5 143.9 -3.8 -0.5 0.4 1.5 1.0

Foods, feeds, & beverages................... 0 9.766 237.6 234.1 -8.3 -1.5 0.6 -2.5 -1.5

Agricultural foods, feeds & beverages,

excluding distilled beverages............. 00 9.387 240.0 236.6 -7.9 -1.5 0.7 -2.5 -1.4

Nonagricultural foods (fish, distilled

beverages).................................. 01 0.378 192.0 186.8 -17.2 -2.6 -3.1 -1.3 -2.7

Industrial supplies & materials.............. 1 38.348 202.0 206.4 -10.2 -1.4 0.8 3.5 2.2

Industrial supplies & materials, durable. . .. 10.726 208.4 208.2 -1.9 -1.8 -1.7 0.0 -0.1

Industrial supplies & materials,

nondurable.................................. 27.623 196.8 202.8 -12.7 -1.3 2.0 4.9 3.0

Agricultural industrial supplies &

materials..................................... 10 1.257 218.9 222.1 -7.1 -1.3 -1.0 1.0 1.5

Nonagricultural industrial supplies &

materials..................................... 37.091 201.5 206.0 -10.3 -1.4 0.9 3.5 2.2

Fuels & lubricants............................. 11 17.120 253.3 265.5 -14.6 -0.6 5.2 7.3 4.8

Nonagricultural supplies & materials

excluding fuels & building materials. . . .. 12 19.169 190.2 190.1 -5.7 -2.1 -2.4 0.5 -0.1

Selected building materials.................. 13 0.801 147.3 148.3 -7.1 -1.2 -0.4 0.8 0.7

Capital goods................................... 2 30.847 121.5 121.6 2.0 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1

Electrical generating equipment............. 20 3.441 137.6 137.7 3.4 -0.1 0.3 -0.2 0.1

Nonelectrical machinery...................... 21 22.532 101.6 101.7 0.9 -0.1 0.0 0.2 0.1

Transportation equipment excluding motor

vehicles (Dec. 2001=100)................. 22 4.874 211.2 211.6 7.0 2.0 0.1 0.0 0.2

Automotive vehicles, parts & engines..... 3 8.222 124.5 125.8 3.2 0.1 0.2 0.3 1.0

Consumer goods, excluding

automotives.................................. 4 12.817 119.5 119.2 2.1 0.1 0.0 -0.3 -0.3

Nondurables, manufactured................. 40 6.771 110.9 110.5 1.4 0.0 0.1 -0.2 -0.4

Durables, manufactured...................... 41 4.806 120.1 120.0 4.0 0.4 0.1 0.0 -0.1

Nonmanufactured consumer goods (Dec.

2018=100)................................... 42 1.239 128.2 127.2 -1.0 -0.8 -0.7 -1.0 -0.8

1 Relative importance figures are based on 2021 trade values.

NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication.

Dash = Not available

6
Table 3. U.S. import price indexes and percent changes for selected industries: September 2022 to September

2023

[December 2005=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description NAICS

Relative

importance

Aug.

20231

Index Percent change

Aug.

2023

Sep.

2023

Annual Monthly

Sep.

2022 to

Sep.

2023

May

2023 to

Jun.

2023

Jun.

2023 to

Jul.

2023

Jul.

2023 to

Aug.

2023

Aug.

2023 to

Sep.

2023

Nonmanufacturing................................ 8.712 155.2 160.7 -3.1 -0.8 3.4 6.8 3.5

Agriculture, forestry, fishing and

hunting........................................ 11 2.235 222.7 221.0 6.2 -0.8 5.6 1.0 -0.8

Crop production............................... 111 1.788 231.5 229.5 5.0 -0.7 6.0 1.0 -0.9

Animal production (Dec. 2022=100)........ 112 0.277 118.2 115.9 – -1.2 5.8 2.2 -1.9

Mining............................................ 21 6.476 151.6 159.2 -5.7 -0.8 2.7 9.0 5.0

Oil and gas extraction........................ 211 6.202 150.3 158.1 -6.3 -0.7 3.6 9.2 5.2

Mining (except oil and gas) (Dec.

2022=100)................................... 212 0.274 110.3 111.4 – -1.7 -14.4 4.3 1.0

Manufacturing..................................... 90.960 122.1 122.0 -1.5 -0.2 -0.2 0.1 -0.1

Manufacturing, part 1......................... 31 11.401 138.9 137.8 -0.1 -0.2 -0.2 0.1 -0.8

Food manufacturing.......................... 311 4.235 188.3 184.3 -0.7 -0.4 -0.4 0.3 -2.1

Beverage and tobacco product

manufacturing............................... 312 1.184 141.0 141.8 5.4 0.0 0.3 0.5 0.6

Apparel manufacturing....................... 315 3.194 118.7 118.6 -0.3 -0.2 -0.1 -0.2 -0.1

Leather and allied product

manufacturing............................... 316 1.369 127.0 127.2 -0.6 0.2 0.2 0.0 0.2

Manufacturing, part 2......................... 32 19.918 143.6 144.2 -6.4 0.5 -0.9 0.9 0.4

Paper manufacturing......................... 322 0.966 122.6 120.4 -7.1 1.5 -0.7 -1.3 -1.8

Petroleum and coal products

manufacturing............................... 324 3.166 146.8 151.5 -13.4 4.8 -3.1 9.1 3.2

Chemical manufacturing..................... 325 10.983 149.3 149.4 -5.7 -0.3 -0.9 -0.6 0.1

Plastics and rubber products

manufacturing............................... 326 2.635 133.8 133.8 0.0 -0.1 -0.2 0.0 0.0

Nonmetallic mineral product

manufacturing............................... 327 1.073 145.9 145.3 2.6 -0.8 -0.3 -0.2 -0.4

Manufacturing, part 3......................... 33 59.641 112.4 112.2 -0.1 -0.4 -0.1 -0.2 -0.2

Primary metal manufacturing................ 331 4.682 218.6 215.9 -6.2 -2.8 -2.1 -1.1 -1.2

Fabricated metal product manufacturing... 332 3.288 147.8 147.3 -2.5 -0.3 -0.5 -0.3 -0.3

Machinery manufacturing.................... 333 7.722 132.0 132.1 3.3 -0.2 0.2 0.0 0.1

Computer and electronic product

manufacturing............................... 334 16.657 72.5 72.5 -1.6 -0.1 -0.1 -0.1 0.0

Electrical equipment, appliance, and

component manufacturing................. 335 5.975 127.9 127.7 0.5 -0.1 0.0 0.1 -0.2

Transportation equipment manufacturing... 336 13.077 117.6 117.4 1.9 -0.1 0.6 0.0 -0.2

Furniture and related product

manufacturing............................... 337 2.007 128.9 129.5 0.1 0.2 0.0 -0.4 0.5

Miscellaneous manufacturing............... 339 6.233 128.0 127.4 0.8 -0.2 -0.3 0.2 -0.5

1 Relative importance figures are based on 2021 trade values.

NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication.

Dash = Not available

7
Table 4. U.S. export price indexes and percent changes for selected industries: September 2022 to September

2023

[December 2005=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description NAICS

Relative

importance

Aug.

20231

Index Percent change

Aug.

2023

Sep.

2023

Annual Monthly

Sep.

2022 to

Sep.

2023

May

2023 to

Jun.

2023

Jun.

2023 to

Jul.

2023

Jul.

2023 to

Aug.

2023

Aug.

2023 to

Sep.

2023

Nonmanufacturing................................ 14.733 176.6 182.5 -18.7 -2.0 4.3 0.7 3.3

Agriculture, forestry, fishing and

hunting........................................ 11 5.208 197.7 193.2 -14.3 -2.9 1.9 -4.3 -2.3

Crop production............................... 111 4.888 209.0 203.7 -15.3 -3.0 1.8 -4.6 -2.5

Mining............................................ 21 9.525 109.7 116.7 -21.1 -1.5 5.9 3.7 6.4

Oil and gas extraction (Dec. 2021=100). .. 211 8.225 97.7 104.9 -22.5 -0.2 6.9 4.9 7.4

Mining (except oil and gas).................. 212 1.300 132.9 133.0 -7.0 -7.0 -0.1 -3.8 0.1

Manufacturing..................................... 83.633 134.7 135.1 -1.2 -0.2 -0.2 1.2 0.3

Manufacturing, part 1......................... 31 6.910 173.0 172.9 -2.8 -0.2 -0.7 0.1 -0.1

Food manufacturing.......................... 311 5.121 204.4 204.4 -3.2 0.0 -0.6 0.2 0.0

Beverage and tobacco product

manufacturing............................... 312 0.518 140.6 140.7 -1.0 -2.6 -3.2 0.5 0.1

Manufacturing, part 2......................... 32 26.555 139.1 140.2 -5.1 -0.7 -0.1 3.7 0.8

Wood product manufacturing (Dec.

2017=100)................................... 321 0.401 114.4 116.0 -8.5 -1.6 -0.7 0.5 1.4

Paper manufacturing......................... 322 1.492 139.6 137.9 -11.3 -5.7 2.0 -0.8 -1.2

Petroleum and coal products

manufacturing............................... 324 7.228 165.9 170.4 -5.4 0.4 2.8 14.1 2.7

Chemical manufacturing..................... 325 14.190 132.7 132.7 -5.1 -0.7 -1.6 0.5 0.0

Plastics and rubber products

manufacturing............................... 326 2.279 133.8 134.4 2.8 0.0 0.3 0.1 0.4

Nonmetallic mineral product

manufacturing............................... 327 0.772 133.4 133.2 -1.0 0.2 1.2 0.3 -0.1

Manufacturing, part 3......................... 33 50.168 128.8 129.0 1.5 -0.1 -0.1 0.1 0.2

Primary metal manufacturing................ 331 4.203 199.5 198.0 -6.3 -1.8 -2.2 -0.5 -0.8

Machinery manufacturing.................... 333 9.559 150.3 150.3 4.7 0.1 0.3 0.4 0.0

Computer and electronic product

manufacturing............................... 334 12.744 83.0 83.2 -2.1 -0.2 -0.1 -0.1 0.2

Electrical equipment, appliance, and

component manufacturing................. 335 3.577 136.2 136.1 3.8 -0.1 0.4 -0.1 -0.1

Transportation equipment manufacturing... 336 12.131 144.3 145.5 4.8 0.8 0.1 0.2 0.8

Miscellaneous manufacturing............... 339 4.931 138.7 138.4 3.1 0.3 0.1 -0.3 -0.2

1 Relative importance figures are based on 2021 trade values.

NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication.

Dash = Not available

8
Table 5. U.S. import price indexes and percent changes for selected categories of goods: September 2022 to

September 2023

[2000=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description

Harmonized

system

Relative

importance

Aug.

20231

Index Percent change

Aug.

2023

Sep.

2023

Annual Monthly

Sep.

2022 to

Sep.

2023

May

2023 to

Jun.

2023

Jun.

2023 to

Jul.

2023

Jul.

2023 to

Aug.

2023

Aug.

2023 to

Sep.

2023

Live animals; animal products................. I 1.581 239.1 234.1 0.1 -1.0 0.8 1.4 -2.1

Meat and edible meat offal..................... 02 0.421 335.4 324.7 -2.1 1.4 2.8 0.1 -3.2

Fish and crustaceans, molluscs and other

aquatic invertebrates......................... 03 0.780 151.0 147.9 -7.3 -3.3 -1.6 1.3 -2.1

Vegetable products............................... II 2.236 257.8 246.3 0.5 -0.8 4.2 0.7 -4.5

Edible vegetables, roots, and tubers.......... 07 0.581 522.3 533.7 6.5 -1.3 10.5 -0.9 2.2

Edible fruit and nuts; peel of citrus fruit or

melons.......................................... 08 0.798 127.1 119.4 9.2 0.7 9.0 0.5 -6.1

Coffee, tea, mate and spices.................. 09 0.384 298.2 291.4 -9.7 -0.7 -2.5 1.5 -2.3

Animal or vegetable fats and oils (Dec.

2009=100)........................................ III 0.386 149.3 145.8 -3.2 -1.2 -0.9 4.1 -2.3

Prepared foodstuffs, beverages, and

tobacco........................................... IV 3.394 197.3 197.4 4.8 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.1

Sugars and sugar confectionary (Dec.

2021=100)..................................... 17 0.216 116.4 117.0 10.1 0.7 0.1 1.0 0.5

Cocoa and cocoa preparations (Dec.

2009=100)..................................... 18 0.251 125.0 126.2 23.1 2.3 2.1 1.1 1.0

Miscellaneous edible preparations (Dec.

2022=100)..................................... 21 0.391 97.8 97.6 – 0.4 -0.5 0.1 -0.2

Beverages, spirits, and vinegar................ 22 1.114 154.7 155.6 5.5 -0.1 0.3 0.5 0.6

Mineral products.................................. V 9.749 307.8 321.3 -8.6 1.0 0.7 8.8 4.4

Mineral fuels, oils and residuals, bituminous

substances and mineral waxes............. 27 9.414 301.3 314.9 -9.0 1.2 1.3 9.1 4.5

Products of the chemical or allied

industries........................................ VI 10.489 171.3 171.7 -2.9 -0.5 -0.9 0.2 0.2

Inorganic chemicals............................. 28 0.597 493.8 511.5 -6.0 -0.2 -1.8 -3.0 3.6

Organic chemicals............................... 29 2.336 142.1 142.4 -2.7 -1.3 -1.1 -0.6 0.2

Pharmaceutical products....................... 30 5.211 147.2 147.2 -0.1 -0.1 -0.7 -0.1 0.0

Fertilizers (Dec. 2022=100).................... 31 0.391 73.4 72.4 – -1.2 -4.8 15.4 -1.4

Tanning extracts; dye, pigments, varnish,

paints & putty (Dec. 2022=100)............. 32 0.207 102.9 103.0 – -0.9 -1.0 1.9 0.1

Miscellaneous chemical products............. 38 0.814 118.4 118.6 -0.5 -1.2 -1.2 -0.3 0.2

Plastics and articles thereof; rubber and

articles thereof.................................. VII 4.061 154.8 154.3 -3.9 0.2 -0.5 -1.8 -0.3

Plastics and articles thereof.................... 39 2.617 153.0 152.1 -6.7 0.1 -0.8 -2.4 -0.6

Rubber and articles thereof.................... 40 1.444 161.6 161.8 2.0 0.2 -0.1 -0.4 0.1

Woodpulp, recovered paper, and paper

products......................................... X 0.961 128.8 126.4 -7.7 2.0 -1.0 -1.5 -1.9

Textile and textile articles....................... XI 4.409 120.6 120.4 -0.4 -0.2 -0.2 0.0 -0.2

Articles of apparel and clothing accessories,

not knitted or crocheted...................... 62 1.212 126.7 126.4 0.0 -0.2 -0.4 0.1 -0.2

Headgear, umbrellas, artificial flowers,

etc................................................. XII 1.199 126.8 126.9 0.1 0.2 0.2 -0.2 0.1

Footwear and parts of such articles........... 64 0.971 123.6 123.8 -0.1 0.2 0.2 -0.2 0.2

Stone, plaster, cement, asbestos,

ceramics, glass etc............................ XIII 0.934 138.1 137.4 2.4 -0.4 -0.2 -0.1 -0.5

Articles of stone, plaster, cement, asbestos,

or mica (Dec. 2020=100).................... 68 0.343 102.9 102.1 0.3 0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.8

Glass and glassware (Dec. 2021=100)....... 70 0.328 108.4 108.0 6.4 -0.5 -0.4 -0.6 -0.4

Pearls, stones, precious metals, imitation

jewelry, and coins.............................. XIV 3.185 224.8 222.8 -1.8 -2.4 -4.0 0.9 -0.9

See footnotes at end of table.

9
Table 5. U.S. import price indexes and percent changes for selected categories of goods: September 2022 to

September 2023 — Continued

[2000=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description

Harmonized

system

Relative

importance

Aug.

20231

Index Percent change

Aug.

2023

Sep.

2023

Annual Monthly

Sep.

2022 to

Sep.

2023

May

2023 to

Jun.

2023

Jun.

2023 to

Jul.

2023

Jul.

2023 to

Aug.

2023

Aug.

2023 to

Sep.

2023

Base metals and articles of base metals. . .. XV 6.155 230.7 228.1 -4.7 -1.2 -0.2 -1.2 -1.1

Articles of iron or steel.......................... 73 1.843 201.0 195.3 -5.0 -1.3 0.0 -1.1 -2.8

Copper and articles thereof.................... 74 0.542 380.6 369.9 5.9 -2.0 0.2 2.2 -2.8

Aluminum and articles thereof................. 76 1.044 186.5 186.5 -2.1 -0.7 -0.1 -1.8 0.0

Tools, implements, cutlery, spoons and

forks, of base metal; parts thereof.......... 82 0.451 133.2 133.0 2.5 0.0 0.4 0.5 -0.2

Miscellaneous articles of base metal. . . . . . . .. 83 0.544 146.9 147.0 -3.7 -0.5 -0.1 -0.2 0.1

Machinery, electrical equipment, TV image

and sound recorders, parts, etc............. XVI 29.791 82.6 82.5 0.0 -0.1 0.0 0.0 -0.1

Machinery and mechanical appliances;

parts thereof................................... 84 15.232 89.8 89.7 0.6 -0.1 0.0 0.1 -0.1

Electrical machinery and equip, sound and

TV recorders & reproducers, parts......... 85 14.559 75.8 75.7 -0.8 -0.3 -0.1 -0.1 -0.1

Vehicles, aircraft, vessels and associated

transport equipment........................... XVII 10.868 122.2 122.1 1.8 -0.1 0.7 -0.1 -0.1

Motor vehicles and their parts................. 87 10.242 121.2 121.1 1.6 0.0 0.6 -0.1 -0.1

Aircraft, spacecraft, and parts thereof (Dec.

2020=100)..................................... 88 0.516 108.8 109.1 4.9 -0.3 0.6 0.1 0.3

Optical, photo, measuring, medical &

musical instruments; & timepieces. . . . . . .. XVIII 4.152 108.5 108.6 3.1 0.1 0.1 0.3 0.1

Optical, photographic, measuring and

medical instruments.......................... 90 3.853 104.0 104.0 2.7 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.0

Miscellaneous manufactured articles......... XX 4.823 120.2 120.1 0.1 0.0 -0.2 0.1 -0.1

Furniture & stuffed furnishings; lamps &

lighting fittings, nesoi; prefab bldgs......... 94 2.738 127.3 127.6 -0.5 0.0 0.0 -0.3 0.2

Toys, games and sports equipment; parts

and accessories thereof...................... 95 1.784 106.7 106.1 -0.4 -0.2 -0.5 0.7 -0.6

Miscellaneous manufactured articles. . . . . . . .. 96 0.301 148.0 148.0 8.7 0.0 0.2 0.3 0.0

1 Relative importance figures are based on 2021 trade values.

NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication.

Dash = Not available

10
Table 6. U.S. export price indexes and percent changes for selected categories of goods: September 2022 to

September 2023

[2000=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description

Harmonized

system

Relative

importance

Aug.

20231

Index Percent change

Aug.

2023

Sep.

2023

Annual Monthly

Sep.

2022 to

Sep.

2023

May

2023 to

Jun.

2023

Jun.

2023 to

Jul.

2023

Jul.

2023 to

Aug.

2023

Aug.

2023 to

Sep.

2023

Live animals; animal products................. I 2.046 258.0 258.6 -7.9 -0.8 -1.1 -0.2 0.2

Meat & edible meat offal (Dec. 2006=100)... 02 1.307 221.9 218.6 -2.7 0.6 0.4 0.7 -1.5

Fish and crustaceans, mollusks and aquatic

invertebrates (Dec. 2022=100).............. 03 0.224 78.6 75.5 – -3.9 -4.6 -2.6 -3.9

Vegetable products............................... II 4.943 260.8 253.6 -13.7 -2.9 1.8 -4.9 -2.8

Edible fruit and nuts; peel of citrus fruit or

melons.......................................... 08 0.770 129.1 131.5 1.0 -3.7 -4.1 -2.1 1.9

Cereals............................................ 10 1.654 269.6 255.4 -23.5 -0.6 -4.1 -6.8 -5.3

Oilseeds and misc. grains, seeds, fruits,

plants, straw and fodder..................... 12 1.977 290.9 280.8 -12.6 -6.0 10.5 -5.8 -3.5

Prepared foodstuffs, beverages, and

tobacco........................................... IV 3.022 186.5 185.5 0.2 0.2 -1.0 0.2 -0.5

Miscellaneous edible preparations (Dec.

2017=100)..................................... 21 0.687 119.5 119.0 10.4 0.8 0.4 0.5 -0.4

Beverages, spirits, and vinegar (Dec.

2008=100)..................................... 22 0.467 108.2 107.3 -0.9 -0.1 -0.7 -0.4 -0.8

Residues and waste from the food

industries; prepared animal feed............ 23 0.735 289.6 284.7 -15.6 -1.9 -4.7 -0.2 -1.7

Mineral products.................................. V 16.809 302.8 317.3 -15.2 -0.7 4.7 7.9 4.8

Ores, slag and ash (Dec. 2012=100)......... 26 0.469 125.2 122.5 -3.0 -4.9 -7.2 2.7 -2.2

Mineral fuels, oils and residuals, bituminous

substances and mineral waxes............. 27 16.119 290.9 305.7 -15.6 -0.5 5.2 8.1 5.1

Products of the chemical or allied

industries........................................ VI 12.831 162.8 162.8 -1.8 -0.2 -1.0 0.5 0.0

Pharmaceutical products....................... 30 4.423 108.7 108.4 2.3 0.0 0.4 -0.1 -0.3

Essential oils and resinoids; perfumery

cosmetic or toilet preparations.............. 33 0.858 148.5 148.4 5.2 0.1 -0.3 -0.3 -0.1

Soap; lubricants; waxes, polishing or

scouring products; candles, pastes......... 34 0.479 139.0 139.0 2.7 0.7 0.7 0.0 0.0

Miscellaneous chemical products............. 38 2.282 192.7 192.3 4.7 0.1 0.1 0.1 -0.2

Plastics and articles thereof; rubber and

articles thereof.................................. VII 4.516 156.6 157.4 -5.5 -0.9 -1.1 0.1 0.5

Plastics and articles thereof.................... 39 3.716 153.3 154.3 -6.8 -1.0 -1.5 0.1 0.7

Rubber and articles thereof.................... 40 0.800 170.3 170.2 1.7 -0.4 0.8 0.2 -0.1

Wood, wood charcoal, cork, straw, baskets

and wickerwork (Dec. 2014=100)............ IX 0.462 105.9 107.2 -12.0 -2.7 -1.4 1.3 1.2

Woodpulp, recovered paper, and paper

products......................................... X 1.644 140.4 138.5 -12.5 -4.8 2.0 0.0 -1.4

Woodpulp and recovered paper (Dec.

2019=100)..................................... 47 0.436 130.7 128.9 -31.1 -14.8 6.9 -1.6 -1.4

Paper and paperboard; articles of paper

pulp, paper or paperboard................... 48 0.969 146.4 144.0 -3.1 -1.0 0.4 0.7 -1.6

Cotton, including yarns and woven fabrics

thereof.......................................... 52 0.562 164.4 168.7 -14.8 0.3 -0.6 3.9 2.6

Stone, plaster, cement, asbestos,

ceramics, glass etc............................ XIII 0.754 149.4 149.4 1.3 0.2 1.4 0.3 0.0

Glass and glassware (Dec. 2019=100)....... 70 0.465 114.3 114.3 2.8 0.1 2.8 0.0 0.0

Pearls, stones, precious metals, imitation

jewelry, and coins.............................. XIV 4.492 308.4 305.5 -3.2 -2.1 -2.7 -0.5 -0.9

Base metals and articles of base metals. . .. XV 4.464 208.9 209.7 -0.1 -1.2 -0.3 -0.3 0.4

Copper and articles thereof.................... 74 0.590 263.0 262.7 8.3 -2.2 0.2 1.9 -0.1

Aluminum and articles thereof................. 76 0.656 141.6 139.7 -3.8 -1.2 -2.7 -0.4 -1.3

See footnotes at end of table.

11
Table 6. U.S. export price indexes and percent changes for selected categories of goods: September 2022 to

September 2023 — Continued

[2000=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description

Harmonized

system

Relative

importance

Aug.

20231

Index Percent change

Aug.

2023

Sep.

2023

Annual Monthly

Sep.

2022 to

Sep.

2023

May

2023 to

Jun.

2023

Jun.

2023 to

Jul.

2023

Jul.

2023 to

Aug.

2023

Aug.

2023 to

Sep.

2023

Miscellaneous articles of base metal (Dec.

2022=100)..................................... 83 0.321 103.0 103.0 – 0.1 1.2 0.0 0.0

Machinery, electrical equipment, TV image

and sound recorders, parts, etc............. XVI 25.888 106.7 106.9 1.9 0.2 0.0 0.1 0.2

Machinery and mechanical appliances;

parts thereof................................... 84 15.080 130.7 130.8 4.1 0.8 0.1 0.1 0.1

Electrical machinery and equipment and

parts and accessories thereof............... 85 10.808 81.6 81.9 -0.8 -0.4 0.0 -0.1 0.4

Vehicles, aircraft, vessels and associated

transport equipment........................... XVII 9.088 150.9 152.3 2.9 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.9

Motor vehicles and their parts................. 87 6.857 125.7 127.2 2.3 0.1 0.3 0.3 1.2

Optical, photo, measuring, medical &

musical instruments; & timepieces. . . . . . .. XVIII 5.635 118.2 118.1 3.3 0.1 0.5 0.2 -0.1

Miscellaneous manufactured articles......... XX 1.200 135.3 134.8 1.5 0.0 -0.6 -0.4 -0.4

Furniture; stuffed furnishings; lamps and

lighting fittings nesoi.......................... 94 0.575 148.7 147.8 -1.8 0.0 -0.8 0.0 -0.6

Toys, games and sports equipment; parts

and accessories thereof...................... 95 0.488 117.8 117.7 7.8 0.0 -0.4 0.1 -0.1

1 Relative importance figures are based on 2021 trade values.

NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication.

Dash = Not available

12
Table 7. U.S. import price indexes and percent changes by locality of origin: September 2022 to September

2023

[2000=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description

Relative

importance

Aug.

20231

Index Percent change

Aug.

2023

Sep.

2023

Annual Monthly

Sep.

2022 to

Sep.

2023

May

2023 to

Jun.

2023

Jun.

2023 to

Jul.

2023

Jul.

2023 to

Aug.

2023

Aug.

2023 to

Sep.

2023

Industrialized Countries2

.................... 100.000 146.4 146.7 -1.5 -0.4 0.4 1.2 0.2

Nonmanufacturing........................... 11.757 267.2 278.3 -3.8 -1.0 3.0 10.0 4.2

Manufacturing................................ 87.692 136.8 136.4 -0.9 -0.3 0.1 0.1 -0.3

Canada.......................................... 100.000 177.8 179.2 -6.7 -0.6 1.5 3.3 0.8

Nonmanufacturing........................... 32.715 263.2 274.5 -4.7 -1.1 3.0 10.7 4.3

Manufacturing................................ 66.333 158.2 156.9 -7.5 -0.3 0.8 -0.1 -0.8

European Union............................... 100.000 156.8 156.5 2.4 -0.1 0.3 0.5 -0.2

Manufacturing................................ 99.185 152.5 152.2 2.5 -0.1 0.2 0.5 -0.2

France (Dec. 2003=100)...................... 100.000 152.4 151.7 6.4 0.5 -0.1 0.4 -0.5

Germany (Dec. 2003=100)................... 100.000 125.1 124.9 0.8 -0.4 -0.1 0.2 -0.2

United Kingdom (Dec. 2003=100).......... 100.000 136.2 137.3 2.2 -0.3 0.4 0.1 0.8

Latin America3................................. 100.000 170.1 171.0 0.4 0.2 0.9 -0.2 0.5

Nonmanufacturing........................... 14.533 335.9 340.4 -2.2 0.4 4.9 3.4 1.3

Manufacturing................................ 85.174 136.8 137.3 1.1 0.2 0.2 -0.9 0.4

Mexico (Dec. 2003=100)...................... 100.000 147.1 146.9 3.7 0.5 2.3 0.4 -0.1

Nonmanufacturing (Dec. 2008=100). . . . .. 10.379 201.9 189.0 10.9 2.6 23.9 2.4 -6.4

Manufacturing (Dec. 2008=100)........... 89.338 98.9 99.5 3.2 0.2 0.4 0.1 0.6

Pacific Rim (Dec. 2003=100)4

............... 100.000 102.8 102.7 -1.5 -0.3 -0.1 0.0 -0.1

China (Dec. 2003=100)....................... 100.000 101.7 101.4 -2.6 -0.4 -0.3 0.0 -0.3

Japan............................................ 100.000 101.1 101.2 1.0 0.0 0.4 -0.1 0.1

Taiwan (Dec. 2018=100)...................... 100.000 109.7 109.6 -1.4 -0.2 -0.2 0.1 -0.1

Asian NICs5

..................................... 100.000 95.8 95.9 -2.4 0.3 -0.2 0.5 0.1

ASEAN (Dec. 2003=100)6

.................... 100.000 101.5 101.4 -2.0 -0.5 -0.4 -0.1 -0.1

Asia Near East (Dec. 2003=100)7

........... 100.000 223.0 223.8 -6.8 -0.8 2.5 4.1 0.4

1 Relative importance figures are based on 2021 trade values.

2 Western Europe, Canada, Japan, Australia, New Zealand, and South Africa.

3 Mexico, Central America, South America, and the Caribbean.

4 China, Japan, Australia, Brunei, Indonesia, Macao, Malaysia, New Zealand, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, and the Asian Newly Industrialized

Countries.

5 Asian Newly Industrialized Countries - Hong Kong, Singapore, South Korea, and Taiwan.

6 Association of Southeast Asian Nations - Brunei, Cambodia, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, Philippines, Singapore, Thailand, and Vietnam.

7 Bahrain, Iran, Iraq, Israel, Jordan, Kuwait, Lebanon, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Syria, United Arab Emirates, and Yemen.

NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication.

Regions are not mutually exclusive.

Dash = Not available

13
Table 8. U.S. export price indexes and percent changes by locality of destination: September 2022 to

September 2023

[December 2017=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description

Relative

importance

Aug.

20231

Index Percent change

Aug.

2023

Sep.

2023

Annual Monthly

Sep.

2022 to

Sep.

2023

May

2023 to

Jun.

2023

Jun.

2023 to

Jul.

2023

Jul.

2023 to

Aug.

2023

Aug.

2023 to

Sep.

2023

Industrialized Countries2

.................... 100.000 120.3 121.0 -0.7 -0.3 0.9 0.8 0.6

Nonmanufacturing........................... 12.853 142.1 146.7 -9.3 -1.9 7.5 2.8 3.2

Manufacturing................................ 85.379 118.0 118.3 1.0 0.0 0.1 0.4 0.3

Canada.......................................... 100.000 127.7 128.4 -0.1 -0.1 0.6 0.3 0.5

Nonmanufacturing (Dec. 2020=100). . . . .. 7.768 135.9 138.6 -17.7 -1.7 5.0 2.6 2.0

Manufacturing (Dec. 2020=100)........... 90.514 119.4 119.9 1.8 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.4

European Union............................... 100.000 118.1 119.4 0.3 -0.5 1.2 0.4 1.1

Nonmanufacturing........................... 15.879 141.8 151.8 1.9 -2.1 5.3 3.5 7.1

Manufacturing................................ 82.414 113.9 113.9 0.0 -0.1 0.6 -0.2 0.0

Germany........................................ 100.000 117.7 117.9 3.9 -0.6 1.5 0.2 0.2

Latin America3

................................. 100.000 125.3 126.1 -8.2 -0.1 0.6 2.8 0.6

Nonmanufacturing........................... 8.994 138.9 140.1 -41.3 -1.9 5.8 -0.4 0.9

Manufacturing................................ 90.460 124.6 125.4 -2.6 0.1 0.0 3.2 0.6

Mexico........................................... 100.000 125.7 125.9 -7.2 -0.4 1.1 1.9 0.2

Nonmanufacturing........................... 7.792 120.3 119.3 -51.2 -3.5 10.5 -2.4 -0.8

Manufacturing................................ 91.681 127.3 127.7 0.2 -0.1 0.2 2.4 0.3

Pacific Rim4.................................... 100.000 113.4 114.1 -4.3 -1.0 0.2 0.3 0.6

Nonmanufacturing........................... 21.462 122.5 125.9 -12.4 -3.0 3.1 1.0 2.8

Manufacturing................................ 77.425 112.8 112.8 -1.0 -0.2 -0.5 0.0 0.0

China............................................ 100.000 108.2 109.3 -5.3 -1.7 1.0 -0.6 1.0

Nonmanufacturing........................... 28.025 111.2 113.1 -12.7 -3.8 3.9 -0.8 1.7

Manufacturing................................ 70.862 109.5 110.2 -1.7 -0.8 -0.1 -0.5 0.6

Japan............................................ 100.000 110.5 111.6 -7.5 -0.9 -1.3 0.0 1.0

Nonmanufacturing........................... 24.199 119.9 123.4 -22.5 -2.1 -1.8 0.4 2.9

Manufacturing................................ 74.728 108.2 108.6 0.2 -0.3 -0.9 -0.3 0.4

1 Relative importance figures are based on 2021 trade values.

2 Western Europe, Canada, Japan, Australia, New Zealand, and South Africa.

3 Mexico, Central America, South America, and the Caribbean.

4 China, Japan, Australia, Brunei, Indonesia, Macao, Malaysia, New Zealand, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, and the Asian Newly Industrialized

Countries.

NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication.

Regions are not mutually exclusive.

Dash = Not available

14
Table 9. U.S. terms of trade indexes and percent changes by locality: September 2022 to September 20231

[December 2017=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description

Index Percent change

Aug.

2023

Sep.

2023

Annual Monthly

Sep.

2022 to

Sep.

2023

May

2023 to

Jun.

2023

Jun.

2023 to

Jul.

2023

Jul.

2023 to

Aug.

2023

Aug.

2023 to

Sep.

2023

Industrialized Countries2

............................ 100.6 101.0 0.9 0.1 0.5 -0.4 0.4

Canada.................................................. 94.4 94.2 7.2 0.4 -0.8 -2.8 -0.2

European Union...................................... 101.4 102.7 -2.0 -0.4 1.0 -0.1 1.3

Germany................................................ 108.3 108.6 3.0 -0.2 1.6 -0.1 0.3

Latin America3

........................................ 109.7 109.8 -8.5 -0.3 -0.3 3.0 0.1

Mexico.................................................. 110.2 110.6 -10.4 -0.9 -1.2 1.4 0.4

Pacific Rim4............................................ 108.5 109.3 -2.8 -0.6 0.3 0.2 0.7

China.................................................... 106.5 107.9 -2.8 -1.3 1.3 -0.7 1.3

Japan.................................................... 104.4 105.3 -8.4 -0.9 -1.7 0.1 0.9

1 Terms of trade indexes are derived by dividing the export price index by the corresponding import price index and multiplying by 100.

2 Western Europe, Canada, Japan, Australia, New Zealand, and South Africa.

3 Mexico, Central America, South America, and the Caribbean.

4 China, Japan, Australia, Brunei, Indonesia, Macao, Malaysia, New Zealand, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, and the Asian Newly Industrialized

Countries.

NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication.

Regions are not mutually exclusive.

Dash = Not available

15
Table 10. U.S. international price indexes and percent changes for selected transportation services: September

2022 to September 2023

[2000=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description

Relative

importance

Aug.

20231

Index Percent change

Aug.

2023

Sep.

2023

Annual Monthly

Sep.

2022 to

Sep.

2023

May

2023 to

Jun.

2023

Jun.

2023 to

Jul.

2023

Jul.

2023 to

Aug.

2023

Aug.

2023 to

Sep.

2023

Air Freight

Import Air Freight.................................... 100.000 206.9 215.9 -32.8 5.8 0.1 -13.9 4.3

Europe (Dec. 2003=100).......................... 28.822 194.8 181.0 -31.8 1.5 -13.8 4.0 -7.1

Asia.................................................. 70.633 194.2 213.2 -33.5 7.5 5.6 -20.4 9.8

Export Air Freight................................... 100.000 179.3 176.0 -13.9 -2.8 -0.2 2.8 -1.8

Europe (Dec. 2006=100).......................... 25.248 140.4 142.0 -12.9 1.2 2.0 -1.4 1.1

Asia (Dec. 2011=100).............................. 54.344 144.5 139.0 -12.5 -2.3 0.4 4.8 -3.8

Inbound Air Freight................................. 100.000 155.9 156.4 -33.2 1.2 0.1 -6.0 0.3

Europe (Dec. 2003=100).......................... 31.239 156.5 148.0 -18.5 1.4 -7.8 6.0 -5.4

Asia.................................................. 56.986 136.1 141.8 -40.4 1.0 4.5 -12.6 4.2

Outbound Air Freight............................... 100.000 168.6 176.1 -23.7 2.6 -6.9 0.8 4.4

Europe (Dec. 2003=100).......................... 30.174 170.1 172.0 -11.6 0.9 1.6 -2.0 1.1

Asia.................................................. 52.919 179.0 191.0 -29.3 6.8 -13.1 2.2 6.7

Air Passenger Fares

Import Air Passenger Fares....................... 100.000 158.2 173.9 -3.4 10.0 -9.2 -14.1 9.9

Europe............................................... 44.885 175.7 206.8 1.1 11.6 -11.0 -18.4 17.7

Asia.................................................. 6.149 165.8 170.9 -12.6 7.6 -6.4 -11.0 3.1

Latin America/Caribbean.......................... 16.389 142.6 138.6 -0.5 6.3 -1.7 -9.9 -2.8

Export Air Passenger Fares....................... 100.000 188.1 179.6 -7.2 9.3 4.2 -8.8 -4.5

Europe............................................... 21.478 235.8 237.7 1.8 17.8 3.1 -13.0 0.8

Asia.................................................. 13.027 223.6 199.4 -6.8 6.7 3.9 0.2 -10.8

Latin America/Caribbean.......................... 51.944 182.2 174.3 -6.3 7.6 4.3 -9.7 -4.3

1 Relative importance figures are based on 2021 trade values.

NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication.

Dash = Not available

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TECHNICAL NOTE

Import and Export Goods and Services Price Indexes - All indexes use a modified Laspeyres 

formula and are not seasonally adjusted. Price indexes are reweighted annually, with a 2-year lag in the 

weights. Published series use a base year of 2000=100 where possible. More detailed index series and 

additional information may be obtained at www.bls.gov/mxp or by calling (202) 691-7101. 

Merchandise Goods Classification Systems - The merchandise price indexes are published using three 

classification systems. Items are classified by end use according to the Bureau of Economic Analysis 

Classification System, by industry according to the North American Industry Classification System 

(NAICS), and by product category according to the Harmonized System (HS). While classification by 

end use and product category are self-explanatory, some notes are in order for classifying items by 

industry. In the NAICS imports and exports tables, items are classified by output industry, not input 

industry. As an example, NAICS import index 326 (plastics and rubber products manufacturing) 

includes outputs such as manufactured plastic rather than inputs such as petroleum. The NAICS 

classification structure also matches the classification system used by the Producer Price Index (PPI) to 

produce the NAICS primary products indexes.

Import Price Goods Indexes - Items are classified by the Harmonized Tariff Schedule of the United 

States Annotated (TSUSA). Import prices are based on U.S. dollar prices paid by the U.S. importer. The 

prices are generally either "free on board" (f.o.b.) foreign port or "cost, insurance, and freight" (c.i.f.) 

U.S. port transaction prices, depending on the practices of the individual industry. The index for crude 

petroleum is calculated from data collected by the U.S. Department of Energy. 

Export Price Goods Indexes - Items are classified by the Harmonized Schedule B classification system 

of the U.S. Bureau of the Census. The prices used are generally either "free alongside ship" (f.a.s.) 

factory or "free on board" (f.o.b.) transaction prices, depending on the practices of the individual 

industry. Prices used in the grain index, excluding rice, are obtained from the U.S. Department of 

Agriculture. 

Services Price Indexes - Indexes for import and export air passenger fares calculate changes in the 

average revenue received per passenger by foreign carriers from U.S. residents and by U.S. carriers from 

foreign residents, respectively. Data are obtained from an airline consulting service and report on tickets 

sold by travel agencies, travel websites, and directly by the airlines. Taxes and fees are included in both 

the import and export air passenger fares indexes. Import air passenger fares data have used the airline 

consulting service source since September 2008. Before April 2018, the export air passenger fares data 

were collected directly by BLS from U.S. airlines. The air freight indexes are calculated from data 

collected directly from airlines. These data exclude mail and passenger baggage. The scope of the 

service being priced is the movement of freight from airport to airport only, and does not include any 

ground transportation or port service. The air freight indexes are presented using two definitions: 

balance of payments (which represents transactions between U.S. and foreign residents) and 

international (which represents transactions inbound to and outbound from the United States.) Fact 

sheets specifying detailed information for each services industry are available at www.bls.gov/mxp 

under "MXP Publications." 
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Import Price Indexes by Locality of Origin - Prices used in these indexes are a subset of the data 

collected for the import price indexes. The indexes are specific to a country, region, or grouping and, 

beginning with January 2002, are based on the North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 

covering goods-producing industries. Nonmanufactured goods are defined as NAICS 11 and 21, and 

manufactured goods are defined as NAICS 31-33. 

Export Price Indexes by Locality of Destination - Prices used in these indexes are a subset of the data 

collected for the export price indexes. The indexes are specific to a country, region, or grouping and are 

based on the North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) covering goods-producing 

industries. Nonmanufactured goods are defined as NAICS 11 and 21, and manufactured goods are 

defined as NAICS 31-33. 

Terms of Trade Indexes - Terms of trade indexes measure the relative price of exports in terms of 

import prices for a specific country, region, or grouping. The indexes are calculated as one country, 

region, or grouping’s all-export goods price index divided by the corresponding all-import goods price 

index on a scale of 100. 

 

Relative Importance - A relative importance is a specific index’s price-updated value share (expressed 

as a percentage) of overall imports or exports at a specific point in time. Relative importance values are 

affected by the trade weights at the point indexes are reweighted and index changes relative to other 

indexes since the reweight point. If an index is rising in value relative to other indexes over time, the 

relative importance will increase as well. 

Revision Policy - To reflect the availability of late reports and corrections by respondents, monthly data 

may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication. After 3 months, no further data 

revisions take place. For example, data first published in the January release will be subject to revision 

in the releases for February, March, and April. 

Rounding Policy - Index values are rounded to the tenth decimal place after being calculated. All 

percent changes are then derived from the rounded index values and subsequently rounded to the tenth 

decimal place. 

Uses of the Data - The primary use of the indexes is to deflate trade statistics, notably the foreign trade 

sector of the National Income and Product Accounts (NIPA) constructed by the Department of 

Commerce. Other published indexes are useful for general market analysis. For trade in international 

services, balance of payments indexes are used for deflating NIPA, while international indexes are more 

appropriate for market analysis. 

Email Subscription - The U.S. import and export price indexes news release is available through an 

email subscription service at https://subscriptions.bls.gov/accounts/USDOLBLS/subscriber/new. 

 

Additional Information - More detailed data are available on the Import/Export Price Indexes home 

page at www.bls.gov/mxp. For import and export price indexes data requests, send an email to 

mxpinfo@bls.gov. 

If you are deaf, hard of hearing, or have a speech disability, please dial 7-1-1 to access 

telecommunications relay services.