### Bureau of Labor Statistics U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics

Electrical and Electronics Installers and Repairers Summary
                        
            
                                                        
                                                                
                        
            
            
            
                            
                                                
                                                
                                                
                                                
            									
							
				                                                
                                            




            			electrical and electronics installers and repairers imageElectrical and electronics installers and repairers use special testing equipment to determine problems.							
						Quick Facts:     Electrical and Electronics Installers and Repairers2023     Median Pay
            						$67,220     per year
										$32.32     per hourTypical Entry-Level Education
                                    See How to Become OneWork Experience in a Related Occupation
                                    See How to Become OneOn-the-job Training
                                    See How to Become OneNumber of Jobs, 2022
                                    113,300Job Outlook, 2022-32
                                    -2% (Decline)Employment Change, 2022-32
                                    -2,100What Electrical and Electronics Installers and Repairers Do
                                                
                        
                        
Electrical and electronics installers and repairers install or repair a variety of electrical equipment.
            
                        Work Environment
                        
Many electrical and electronics installers and repairers work in repair shops or in factories. Installers and repairers may have to lift heavy equipment and work in awkward positions. The majority work full time.
            
                                                How to Become an Electrical or Electronics Installer and Repairer
                                                
                        
Electrical and electronics installers and repairers need at least a high school education, but most specializations require further preparation through advanced education, apprenticeship training, or work experience.
            
                        Pay
                        												                            																				    														The median annual wage for electrical and electronics installers and repairers was $67,220 in May 2023.									                                					
						
            
                        Job Outlook
                        						
												Overall employment							of electrical and electronics installers and repairers is projected to decline							 2 percent from 2022 to 2032.
						Despite declining  employment, about 9,100 openings for electrical and electronics installers and repairers are projected each year, on average, over the decade.
            			
            			 All of those openings are expected to result from the need to replace workers who transfer to other occupations or exit the labor force, such as to retire.
						State & Area Data
                       Explore resources for employment and wages by state and area for electrical and electronics installers and repairers.
            
            
						
                        Similar Occupations
                        
                                                    Compare the job duties, education, job growth, and pay of electrical and electronics installers and repairers with similar occupations.
            
            
                        More Information, Including Links to O*NET
                        
                                               
                        Learn more about electrical and electronics installers and repairers by visiting additional resources, including O*NET, a source on key characteristics of workers and occupations.
 What Electrical and Electronics Installers and Repairers Do 
            

			Electrical and electronics installers and repairersElectrical and electronics installers and repairers use diagnostic equipment to troubleshoot electric motors.			
Electrical and electronics installers and repairers install or repair a variety of electrical equipment in transportation, utilities, and other industries.
Duties
Electrical and electronics installers and repairers typically do the following:
Discuss problems and requirements with customers
Inspect and test equipment
Reproduce, isolate, and diagnose problems
Disassemble equipment as necessary to access problematic components
Clean, repair, and replace components
Reassemble and test equipment after repairs
Keep records of repairs, tests, parts, and labor hoursModern manufacturing plants and transportation systems use a large amount of electrical and electronics equipment, from assembly line motors to sonar systems. Electrical and electronics installers and repairers fix and maintain these complex pieces of equipment.
Because automated electronic control systems are becoming more complex, repairers use software programs and testing equipment to diagnose malfunctions. Among their diagnostic tools are multimeters—which measure voltage, current, and resistance—and advanced multimeters, which measure the capacitance, inductance, and current gain of transistors.
Repairers also use signal generators, which provide test signals, and oscilloscopes, which display signals graphically. In addition, repairers often use hand tools such as pliers, screwdrivers, and wrenches to replace faulty parts and adjust equipment.
The following are examples of types of electrical and electronics installers and repairers:
***Commercial and industrial electrical and electronics equipment repairers*** adjust, test, repair, or install electronic equipment, such as industrial controls, transmitters, and antennas.
***Electric motor, power tool, and related repairers****—*such as *armature* *winders, generator mechanics,* and *electric golf cart repairers*—specialize in installing, maintaining, and repairing electric motors, wiring, or switches.
***Electrical and electronics installers and repairers of transportation equipment*** install, adjust, or maintain mobile communication equipment, including sound, sonar, security, navigation, and surveillance systems on trains, watercraft, or other vehicles.
***Electronic equipment installers and repairers of motor vehicles*** install, diagnose, and repair sound, security, and navigation equipment in motor vehicles. These installers and repairers work with a range of complex electronic equipment, including digital audio and video players, navigation systems, and passive and active security systems.
***Powerhouse, substation, and relay*** ***electrical and electronics repairers*** inspect, test, maintain, or repair electrical equipment used in generating stations, substations, and in-service relays. These workers also may be known as *powerhouse electricians, relay technicians*, or *power transformer repairers.*
 Work Environment
			Electrical and electronics installers and repairersElectrical and electronics installers and repairers usually work in a clean shop.			

	    
				
	
	    	    		Electrical and electronics installers and repairers held about 113,300 jobs in 2022. Employment in the detailed occupations that make up electrical and electronics installers and repairers was distributed as follows:
    	    	
    	Electrical and electronics repairers, commercial and industrial equipment
                53,600Electrical and electronics repairers, powerhouse, substation, and relay
                26,100Electric motor, power tool, and related repairers
                16,100Electronic equipment installers and repairers, motor vehicles
                9,700Electrical and electronics installers and repairers, transportation equipment
                7,900The largest employers of electrical and electronics installers and repairers were as follows:
        Manufacturing
                16%Utilities
                15Wholesale trade
                10Repair and maintenance
                9Federal government, excluding postal service
                8Many electrical and electronics installers and repairers work in repair shops or in factories, and some may work outside when they travel to job sites.
Installers and repairers may have to lift heavy equipment and work in awkward positions. They spend most of their day walking, standing, or kneeling.
Work Schedules
The majority of electrical and electronics installers and repairers work full time.
 How to Become an Electrical or Electronics Installer and Repairer

			Electrical and electronics installers and repairersMany technical colleges have basic electronics programs that include practical experience labs.			
Electrical and electronics installers and repairers need at least a high school education, but most specializations require further preparation through advanced education, work experience, or both.
Education
Electrical and electronics installers and repairers must understand electrical equipment and electronics. As a result, employers often prefer applicants who have taken courses in electronics at a community college or technical school. Courses usually cover AC and DC electronics, electronic devices, and microcontrollers. It is important for prospects to choose schools that include hands-on training in order to gain practical experience.
Training
In addition to technical education, workers usually receive training on specific types of equipment. This may involve manufacturer-specific training for repairers who will perform warranty work.
Before working independently, entry-level repairers usually develop their skills while working with experienced technicians who provide technical guidance.
Work Experience in a Related Occupation
Some electrical and electronics installers and repairers need prior work experience. Electric motor, power tool, and related repairers typically begin by helping in machine or electrical workshops, where they gain experience with tools and motors.
Powerhouse, substation, and relay electrical and electronics repairers often gain experience by first working as electricians.
Licenses, Certifications, and Registrations
While certification is not required, a number of organizations offer it, and it can be useful in getting a job. For example, the Electronics Technicians Association International (ETA International) offers more than 50 certification programs in numerous electronics specialties for various levels of competency. The International Society of Certified Electronics Technicians (ISCET) also offers certification for several levels of competence. The ISCET focuses on a broad range of topics, including basic electronics, electronic systems, and appliance service. To become certified, applicants must meet prerequisites and pass a comprehensive exam.
Important Qualities
***Color vision.*** Electrical and electronics installers and repairers must be able to identify the color-coded components that are often used in electronic equipment.
***Communication skills.*** Electrical and electronics installers and repairers work closely with customers, so they must listen to and understand customers’ descriptions of problems and explain solutions in a simple, clear manner.
***Physical stamina.*** Some electrical and electronics installers and repairers must stand at their station for their full shift, which can be tiring.
***Physical strength.*** Electrical and electronics installers and repairers may need to lift heavy parts during the repair process. Some components weigh over 50 pounds.
***Technical skills.*** Electrical and electronics installers and repairers use a variety of mechanical and diagnostic tools to install or repair equipment.
***Troubleshooting skills.*** Electrical and electronics installers and repairers must be able to identify problems with equipment and systems and make the necessary repairs.
 Pay

			



	
 
                                                     
            
    
                Electrical and Electronics Installers and RepairersMedian annual wages, May 2023Electrical and electronics installers and repairers$67,220  Electrical and electronic equipment mechanics, installers, and repairers$59,420  Total, all occupations$48,060Note: All Occupations includes all occupations in the U.S. Economy.Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Occupational Employment and Wage Statistics
 

	
	



		
	
	
	
The median annual wage for electrical and electronics installers and repairers was $67,220 in May 2023. 


The median wage is the wage at which half the workers in an occupation earned more than that amount and half earned less. The lowest 10 percent earned less than $39,360, and the highest 10 percent earned more than $105,850.

			
                    	Median annual wages for electrical and electronics installers and repairers in May 2023 were as follows:
        Electrical and electronics repairers, powerhouse, substation, and relay
		$96,600Electrical and electronics installers and repairers, transportation equipment
		79,160Electrical and electronics repairers, commercial and industrial equipment
		66,680Electric motor, power tool, and related repairers
		49,230Electronic equipment installers and repairers, motor vehicles
		45,570In May 2023, the median annual wages for electrical and electronics installers and repairers in the top industries in which they worked were as follows:	
        Utilities
                $101,060Federal government, excluding postal service
                72,240Manufacturing
                65,000Wholesale trade
                50,630Repair and maintenance
                50,460The majority of electrical and electronics installers and repairers work full time.
 Job Outlook

   
        
    
          
        
    
                Electrical and Electronics Installers and RepairersPercent change in employment, projected 2022-32Total, all occupations3%  Electrical and electronic equipment mechanics, installers, and repairers0%  Electrical and electronics installers and repairers-2%Note: All Occupations includes all occupations in the U.S. Economy.Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Employment Projections program
            
            
			 
	
	
	

			Overall employment				of electrical and electronics installers and repairers is projected to decline				 2 percent from 2022 to 2032.
			
			Despite declining  employment, about 9,100 openings for electrical and electronics installers and repairers are projected each year, on average, over the decade.
			
			 All of those openings are expected to result from the need to replace workers who transfer to other occupations or exit the labor force, such as to retire.
			Employment
	
			
Projected employment of electrical and electronics installers and repairers varies by occupation (see table).
Over the projections decade, improvements in electrical and electronics equipment design and increased use of disposable tool parts are expected to dampen the need for electrical and electronics equipment installers and repairers.
Upgrades to transportation electronics systems, such as those on trains, buses, and ships, will support some demand for installers and repairers of this equipment.
Motor vehicle manufacturers continue to install and integrate high-quality sound, security, entertainment, and navigation systems in new vehicles. In addition, smartphones offer many features previously installed directly in vehicles. These consumer offerings reduce demand for installing aftermarket products and for repairing high-quality systems, which is expected to limit the need for electrical and electronics installers and repairers.
			

                        Employment projections data for     electrical and electronics installers and repairers, 2022-32
                Occupational Title
                        SOC Code
                        Employment, 2022
                        Projected Employment, 2032
                        Change, 2022-32
                        Employment by IndustryPercent
                        NumericSOURCE: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Employment Projections program**Electrical and electronics installers and repairers**
			—
			113,300
			111,200
			-2
			-2,100
			—**Electric motor, power tool, and related repairers**
			49-2092
			16,100
			16,500
			3
			400
			Get data**Electrical and electronics installers and repairers, transportation equipment**
			49-2093
			7,900
			8,300
			5
			400
			Get data**Electrical and electronics repairers, commercial and industrial equipment**
			49-2094
			53,600
			53,200
			-1
			-400
			Get data**Electrical and electronics repairers, powerhouse, substation, and relay**
			49-2095
			26,100
			25,400
			-3
			-700
			Get data**Electronic equipment installers and repairers, motor vehicles**
			49-2096
			9,700
			7,900
			-18
			-1,700
			Get data
 State & Area Data **Occupational Employment and Wage Statistics (OEWS)** The Occupational Employment and Wage Statistics (OEWS) program produces employment and wage estimates annually for over 800 occupations. These estimates are available for the nation as a whole, for individual states, and for metropolitan and nonmetropolitan areas. The link(s) below go to OES data maps for employment and wages by state and area. Electric motor, power tool, and related repairers
					Electrical and electronics installers and repairers, transportation equipment
					Electrical and electronics repairers, commercial and industrial equipment
					Electrical and electronics repairers, powerhouse, substation, and relay
					Electronic equipment installers and repairers, motor vehicles **Projections Central** Occupational employment projections are developed for all states by Labor Market Information (LMI) or individual state Employment Projections offices. All state projections data are available at www.projectionscentral.com. Information on this site allows projected employment growth for an occupation to be compared among states or to be compared within one state. In addition, states may produce projections for areas; there are links to each state’s websites where these data may be retrieved. **CareerOneStop** CareerOneStop includes hundreds of occupational profiles with data available by state and metro area. There are links in the left-hand side menu to compare occupational employment by state and occupational wages by local area or metro area. There is also a salary info tool to search for wages by zip code.
 Similar Occupations This table shows a list of occupations with job duties that are similar to those of electrical and electronics installers and repairers. Occupation
                Job Duties
                ENTRY-LEVEL EDUCATION
                2023     MEDIAN PAY**Electricians**
            Electricians install, maintain, and repair electrical power, communications, lighting, and control systems.
            High school diploma or equivalent
            $61,590**Aircraft and Avionics Equipment Mechanics and Technicians**
            Aircraft and avionics equipment mechanics and technicians repair and perform scheduled maintenance on aircraft.
            See How to Become One
            $75,400**Telecommunications Technicians**
            Telecommunications technicians install, maintain, and repair radio, internet, and other telecommunications infrastructure.
            See How to Become One
            $62,350**Elevator and Escalator Installers and Repairers**
            Elevator and escalator installers and repairers install, maintain, and fix elevators, escalators, moving walkways, and other lifts.
            High school diploma or equivalent
            $102,420**General Maintenance and Repair Workers**
            General maintenance and repair workers fix and maintain machines, mechanical equipment, and buildings.
            High school diploma or equivalent
            $46,700**Electrical and Electronics Engineers**
            Electrical engineers design, develop, test, and supervise the manufacture of electrical equipment.
            Bachelor's degree
            $109,010**Electrical and Electronic Engineering Technologists and Technicians**
            Electrical and electronic engineering technologists and technicians help engineers design and develop equipment that is powered by electricity or electric current.
            Associate's degree
            $72,800**Industrial Machinery Mechanics, Machinery Maintenance Workers, and Millwrights**
            Industrial machinery mechanics, machinery maintenance workers, and millwrights install, maintain, and repair factory equipment and other industrial machinery.
            High school diploma or equivalent
            $61,170
 Contacts for More Information
								
For more information about electrical and electronics installers and repairers, including careers and certification, visit
Electronics Technicians Association International
International Society of Certified Electronics Technicians

                                                
                                                        
                                                                                                    O*NET
                                        Electric Motor, Power Tool, and Related RepairersElectrical and Electronics Installers and Repairers, Transportation EquipmentElectrical and Electronics Repairers, Commercial and Industrial EquipmentElectrical and Electronics Repairers, Powerhouse, Substation, and RelayElectronic Equipment Installers and Repairers, Motor Vehicles
 Suggested citation: Bureau of Labor Statistics, U.S.  Department of Labor, Occupational Outlook Handbook, Electrical and Electronics Installers and Repairers, 
        	 at https://www.bls.gov/ooh/installation-maintenance-and-repair/electrical-and-electronics-installers-and-repairers.htm (visited *May 21, 2024*).
 **Last Modified Date:**
                        Wednesday, April 17, 2024


**U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics**
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