### Bureau of Labor Statistics U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics

Funeral Service Workers Summary
                        
            
                                                        
                                                                
                        
            
            
            
                            
                                                
                                                
                                                
                                                
            						
							
				                                                
                                            




            			funeral directors imageFuneral service workers handle the details of funerals.							
						Quick Facts:     Funeral Service Workers2023     Median Pay
            						$60,580     per year
										$29.13     per hourTypical Entry-Level Education
                                    Associate's degreeWork Experience in a Related Occupation
                                    See How to Become OneOn-the-job Training
                                    See How to Become OneNumber of Jobs, 2022
                                    60,800Job Outlook, 2022-32
                                    3% (As fast as average)Employment Change, 2022-32
                                    1,700What Funeral Service Workers Do
                                                
                        
                        
Funeral service workers organize and manage the details of a ceremony honoring a deceased person.
            
                        Work Environment
                        
Funeral service workers are employed in funeral homes and crematories. They are often on call; irregular hours, including evenings and weekends, are common. Most work full time, and some work more than 40 hours per week.
            
                                                How to Become a Funeral Service Worker
                                                
                        
An associate’s degree in funeral service or mortuary science is the education typically required to become a funeral service worker. Most employers and state licensing laws require applicants to be 21 years old, have at least 2 years of formal postsecondary education, have supervised training, and pass a state licensing exam.
            
                        Pay
                        												                            																				    														The median annual wage for funeral home managers was $75,660 in May 2023.									                                														The median annual wage for morticians, undertakers, and funeral arrangers was $51,030 in May 2023.									                                					
						
            
                        Job Outlook
                        						
												Overall employment							of funeral service workers is projected to grow							 3 percent from 2022 to 2032, about as fast as the average for all occupations.
						About 5,700 openings for funeral service workers are projected each year, on average, over the decade.
            			
            			 Many of those openings are expected to result from the need to replace workers who transfer to different occupations or exit the labor force, such as to retire.
						State & Area Data
                       Explore resources for employment and wages by state and area for funeral service workers.
            
            
						
                        Similar Occupations
                        
                                                    Compare the job duties, education, job growth, and pay of funeral service workers with similar occupations.
            
            
                        More Information, Including Links to O*NET
                        
                                               
                        Learn more about funeral service workers by visiting additional resources, including O*NET, a source on key characteristics of workers and occupations.
 What Funeral Service Workers Do 
            

			funeral directors imageTogether with the family, funeral directors handle details of the memorial services.			
Funeral service workers organize and manage the details of a ceremony honoring a deceased person.
Duties
Funeral service workers typically do the following:
Offer counsel and comfort to families and friends of the deceased
Provide information on funeral service options
Arrange for removal of the deceased’s body
Prepare the remains (the deceased’s body) for the funeral
File death certificates and other legal documents with appropriate authoritiesFuneral service workers help to determine the locations, dates, and times of visitations (wakes), funerals or memorial services, burials, and cremations. They handle other details as well, such as helping the family decide whether the body should be buried, entombed, or cremated. This decision is critical because funeral practices vary among cultures and religions.
Most funeral service workers attend to the administrative aspects of a person’s death, including submitting papers to state officials to receive a death certificate. They also may help resolve insurance claims, apply for funeral benefits, or notify the Social Security Administration or the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs of the death.
Many funeral service workers help clients who wish to plan their own funerals in advance, to ensure that their needs are met and to ease the planning burden on surviving family members.
Funeral service workers also may provide information and resources, such as support groups, to help grieving friends and family.
The following are examples of types of funeral service workers:
***Funeral home managers*** oversee the general operations of a funeral home business. They perform a variety of duties, such as planning and allocating the resources of the funeral home, managing staff, and handling marketing and public relations.
***Morticians and funeral arrangers*** (also known as *funeral directors*or, historically,*undertakers*) plan the details of a funeral. They often prepare obituaries and arrange for pallbearers and clergy services. If a burial is chosen, they schedule the opening and closing of a grave with a representative of the cemetery. If cremation is chosen, they coordinate the process with the crematory. (Data covering workers who perform cremations are provided in a separate occupation not covered in detail: crematory operators.)
Morticians and funeral arrangers also prepare the sites of all services and provide transportation for the deceased and mourners. In addition, they arrange the shipment of bodies out of state or out of country for final disposition. (Data covering workers who may assist with these tasks are provided in a separate occupation not covered in detail: funeral attendant.)
Finally, these workers handle administrative duties. For example, they often apply for the transfer of any pensions, insurance policies, or annuities on behalf of survivors.
Many morticians and funeral arrangers embalm bodies. Embalming is a cosmetic and temporary preservative process through which the body is prepared for a viewing by family and friends of the deceased. (Data covering those who specialize in this work are provided in a separate occupation not covered in detail: embalmers.)
 Work Environment
			Funeral directorsFuneral directors often have long workdays.			

	    
				
	
	
	
	
	
	
	    					 Funeral home managers held about 36,400 jobs in 2022. The largest employers of funeral home managers were as follows:
        Self-employed workers
                61%Death care services
                37Morticians, undertakers, and funeral arrangers held about 24,500 jobs in 2022. The largest employers of morticians, undertakers, and funeral arrangers were as follows:
        Death care services
                97%Self-employed workers
                1Funeral services traditionally take place in a house of worship, in a funeral home, or at a gravesite or crematory. However, some families prefer to hold the service in their home or in a social center.
Funeral service workers typically perform their duties in a funeral home. Workers also may operate a merchandise display room, crematory, or cemetery, which may be on the funeral home premises. The work is often stressful, because workers must arrange the various details of a funeral within 24 to 72 hours of a death. In addition, they may be responsible for managing multiple funerals on the same day.
Although workers may come into contact with bodies that have contagious diseases, the work is not dangerous if proper safety and health regulations are followed. Those working in crematories are exposed to high temperatures and must wear appropriate protective clothing.
Work Schedules
Most funeral service workers are employed full time, and some work more than 40 hours per week. They are often on call; irregular hours, including evenings and weekends, are common.
 How to Become a Funeral Service Worker

			Funeral directorsBecoming a funeral director requires courses in ethics, grief counseling, and business law.			
An associate’s degree in a funeral service or mortuary science education program is the education typically required to become a funeral service worker. Most employers require applicants to be 21 years old, have at least 2 years of formal postsecondary education, have supervised training, and pass a state licensing exam.
Education
An associate’s degree in a funeral service or mortuary science education program is typically required for all funeral service workers to enter the occupation. Courses usually cover topics such as ethics, grief counseling, funeral service, and business law. Accredited programs also include courses in embalming and restorative techniques.
The American Board of Funeral Service Education (ABFSE) accredits funeral service and mortuary science programs, most of which offer a 2-year associate’s degree at community colleges. Some programs offer a bachelor’s degree.
Although an associate’s degree is typically required, some employers prefer applicants to have a bachelor’s degree. Common fields of degree include mortuary science, psychology, and business.
High school students can prepare to become a funeral service worker by taking classes in biology, chemistry, business, and public speaking.
Students may gain relevant experience working part-time or summer jobs in a funeral home.
Training
Those studying to be morticians and funeral arrangers must complete training, usually lasting 1 to 3 years, under the direction of a licensed funeral director or manager. The training, sometimes called an internship or an apprenticeship, may be completed before, during, or after graduating from a funeral service or mortuary science program and passing a national board exam.
Licenses, Certifications, and Registrations
Most states and Washington, DC, require workers to be licensed. An exception is Colorado, which offers a voluntary certification program. Although licensing laws and examinations vary by state, most applicants must meet the following criteria:
Be 21 years old
Complete an ABFSE accredited funeral service or mortuary science education program
Pass a state and/or national board exam
Serve an internship lasting 1 to 3 yearsWorking in multiple states requires multiple licenses. For specific requirements, contact each applicable state licensing board.
Most states require funeral directors to earn continuing education credits to keep their licenses.
The Cremation Association of North America (CANA), International Cemetery, Cremation and Funeral Association (ICCFA), and the National Funeral Directors Association (NFDA) offer crematory certification designations. Many states require certification for those who will perform cremations. For specific requirements, contact your state board or the relevant professional organizations.
Work Experience in a Related Occupation
Funeral home managers typically have multiple years of experience working as a funeral director or mortician before becoming managers.
Important Qualities
***Business skills*.** Knowledge of financial statements and the ability to run a funeral home efficiently and profitably are important for funeral directors and managers.
***Compassion*.** Death is a delicate and emotional matter. Funeral service workers must be able to treat clients with care and sympathy in their time of loss.
***Interpersonal skills*.** Funeral service workers should have good interpersonal skills. When speaking with families, for example, they must be tactful and able to explain and discuss all matters about services provided.
***Time-management skills*.** Funeral service workers must be able to handle numerous tasks for multiple customers, often over a short timeframe.
 Pay

			



	
 
                                                     
            
    
                    Funeral Service WorkersMedian annual wages, May 2023Funeral home managers$75,660  Funeral service workers$60,580  Morticians, undertakers, and funeral arrangers$51,030  Total, all occupations$48,060Note: All Occupations includes all occupations in the U.S. Economy.Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Occupational Employment and Wage Statistics
 

	
	



		
	
	
	
The median annual wage for funeral home managers was $75,660 in May 2023. 


The median wage is the wage at which half the workers in an occupation earned more than that amount and half earned less. The lowest 10 percent earned less than $44,830, and the highest 10 percent earned more than $131,360.The median annual wage for morticians, undertakers, and funeral arrangers was $51,030 in May 2023. 


The lowest 10 percent earned less than $30,660, and the highest 10 percent earned more than $91,870.





		
	    					 In May 2023, the median annual wages for funeral home managers in the top industries in which they worked were as follows:	
        Death care services
                $75,760In May 2023, the median annual wages for morticians, undertakers, and funeral arrangers in the top industries in which they worked were as follows:	
        Death care services
                $50,720Most funeral service workers are employed full time, and some work more than 40 hours per week. They are often on call; irregular hours, including evenings and weekends are common.
 Job Outlook

   
        
    
          
        
    
                   Funeral Service WorkersPercent change in employment, projected 2022-32Morticians, undertakers, and funeral arrangers4%  Total, all occupations3%  Funeral service workers3%  Funeral home managers2%Note: All Occupations includes all occupations in the U.S. Economy.Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Employment Projections program
            
            
			 
	
	
	

			Overall employment				of funeral service workers is projected to grow				 3 percent from 2022 to 2032, about as fast as the average for all occupations.
			
			About 5,700 openings for funeral service workers are projected each year, on average, over the decade.
			
			 Many of those openings are expected to result from the need to replace workers who transfer to different occupations or exit the labor force, such as to retire.
			Employment
	
			
Funeral service workers will be needed to assist the growing number of people prearranging end-of-life services. This demand will be constrained by consumers increasingly preferring cremation, which costs less and requires fewer workers than do traditional funeral arrangements. However, since most cremations still involve a memorial service or funeral, funeral home managers are expected to be needed to guide families and loved ones through the death care process and to plan end-of-life events.

			

                        Employment projections data for     funeral service workers, 2022-32
                Occupational Title
                        SOC Code
                        Employment, 2022
                        Projected Employment, 2032
                        Change, 2022-32
                        Employment by IndustryPercent
                        NumericSOURCE: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Employment Projections program**Funeral service workers**
			—
			60,800
			62,500
			3
			1,700
			—**Funeral home managers**
			11-9171
			36,400
			37,200
			2
			800
			Get data**Morticians, undertakers, and funeral arrangers**
			39-4031
			24,500
			25,400
			4
			900
			Get data
 State & Area Data **Occupational Employment and Wage Statistics (OEWS)** The Occupational Employment and Wage Statistics (OEWS) program produces employment and wage estimates annually for over 800 occupations. These estimates are available for the nation as a whole, for individual states, and for metropolitan and nonmetropolitan areas. The link(s) below go to OES data maps for employment and wages by state and area. Funeral home managers
					Morticians, undertakers, and funeral arrangers **Projections Central** Occupational employment projections are developed for all states by Labor Market Information (LMI) or individual state Employment Projections offices. All state projections data are available at www.projectionscentral.com. Information on this site allows projected employment growth for an occupation to be compared among states or to be compared within one state. In addition, states may produce projections for areas; there are links to each state’s websites where these data may be retrieved. **CareerOneStop** CareerOneStop includes hundreds of occupational profiles with data available by state and metro area. There are links in the left-hand side menu to compare occupational employment by state and occupational wages by local area or metro area. There is also a salary info tool to search for wages by zip code.
 Similar Occupations This table shows a list of occupations with job duties that are similar to those of funeral service workers. Occupation
                Job Duties
                ENTRY-LEVEL EDUCATION
                2023     MEDIAN PAY**Administrative Services and Facilities Managers**
            Administrative services and facilities managers plan, direct, and coordinate activities that help an organization run efficiently.
            Bachelor's degree
            $104,900**Advertising, Promotions, and Marketing Managers**
            Advertising, promotions, and marketing managers plan programs to generate interest in products or services.
            Bachelor's degree
            $156,580**Human Resources Managers**
            Human resources managers plan, coordinate, and direct the administrative functions of an organization.
            Bachelor's degree
            $136,350**Physicians and Surgeons**
            Physicians and surgeons diagnose and treat injuries or illnesses and address health maintenance.
            Doctoral or professional degree
            This wage is equal to or greater than $239,200 per year.**Psychologists**
            Psychologists study cognitive, emotional, and social processes and behavior by observing, interpreting, and recording how people relate to one another and to their environments.
            See How to Become One
            $92,740**Social Workers**
            Social workers help people prevent and cope with problems in their everyday lives.
            See How to Become One
            $58,380
 Contacts for More Information
								
For more information about funeral service workers, including accredited mortuary science programs, visit
National Funeral Directors Association
For scholarships and educational programs in funeral service and mortuary science, visit
American Board of Funeral Service Education
National Funeral Directors & Morticians Association, Inc.
For information about crematories, visit
Cremation Association of North America
International Cemetery, Cremation and Funeral Association
Candidates should contact their state board for specific licensing requirements.

                                                
                                                        
                                                                                                    O*NET
                                        Funeral Home ManagersMorticians, Undertakers, and Funeral Arrangers
 Suggested citation: Bureau of Labor Statistics, U.S.  Department of Labor, Occupational Outlook Handbook, Funeral Service Workers, 
        	 at https://www.bls.gov/ooh/personal-care-and-service/funeral-service-occupations.htm (visited *May 17, 2024*).
 **Last Modified Date:**
                        Wednesday, April 17, 2024


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