Geographic Profile of Employment

and Unemployment, 1999

U.S. Department of Labor

Elaine L. Chao, Secretary

Bureau of Labor Statistics

Katharine G. Abraham, Commissioner

June 2001

Bulletin 2537
iii

Preface

Annual data on the labor force, employment, and unem- ployment in States and substate areas are available from

two major sources—the Current Population Survey (CPS) and

the Local Area Unemployment Statistics (LAUS) program.

The CPS is a sample survey of about 50,000 households conducted by the U.S. Census Bureau for the Bureau of Labor

Statistics (BLS). The LAUS program is a Federal-State cooperative endeavor, in which State employment security agencies prepare estimates using concepts, definitions, and estimation procedures prescribed by BLS.

This bulletin presents 1999 annual averages from the CPS

for census regions and divisions, the 50 States and the District of Columbia, 50 large metropolitan areas, and 17 central

cities. Data are provided on the employed and unemployed

by selected demographic and economic characteristics.

Tables 1 through 11 present 1999 annual average labor

force estimates for census regions and divisions. Similar information for all States and the District of Columbia appears

in tables 12 through 23. Because of separate processing and

weighting procedures, totals for the United States differ from

the results obtained by aggregating the totals for States. All

these data incorporate updated 1990 census-based population controls, adjusted for the estimated undercount. The

LAUS program uses the total CPS estimates for States and

the District of Columbia as the official annual average labor

force statistics. A new class-of- worker table has been added

to the section on State data. This new table was inserted as

table 18, and the numbering of all subsequent tables was

adjusted accordingly.

Tables 24 through 28 display 1999 annual average rates,

ratios, and percent distributions from the CPS for 50 large

metropolitan areas and 17 central cities. Levels for the various labor force categories are not presented because independent 1990 census-based population controls, adjusted for

the estimated undercount, generally are not available for geographic areas below the State level. The CPS metropolitan

area and city estimates may differ from the official estimates

produced by the individual States through the LAUS program. CPS estimates are provided herein because they are

the only current source of information on demographic and

economic characteristics for these areas. Official 1999 annual

average LAUS estimates for metropolitan areas appeared in

the May 2000 issue of Employment and Earnings. Official

LAUS estimates for metropolitan areas and cities were published on the BLS website. Geographic definitions for metropolitan areas in this publication reflect those issued by the

Office of Management and Budget (OMB) on June 30, 1993.

(See appendix C.)

This bulletin was prepared in the Office of Employment

and Unemployment Statistics by the Division of Local Area

Unemployment Statistics in collaboration with Division of

Data Development and Publications. Editorial assistance was

provided by the Data Users and Publication Services Group.

Information in this bulletin is available to sensory impaired

individuals upon request. Voice phone: 202-691-5200; Federal Relay Service: 1-800-877-8339. This material is in the

public domain and, with appropriate credit, may be reproduced without permission.
v

Geographic Profile of Employment and Unemployment, 1999 .......................................................................................... 1

Section I. Estimates for Census Regions and Divisions .................................................................................................. 3

Tables: Census regions and divisions, 1999 annual averages:

1. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by sex, age, race, and Hispanic origin .......... 5

2. Employed and unemployed persons by full- and part-time status, sex, age, race, and Hispanic origin .......... 10

3. Employment status of the experienced civilian labor force by occupation ..................................................... 13

4. Percent distribution of employed persons by occupation, sex, race, and Hispanic origin .............................. 17

5. Employment status of the experienced civilian labor force for private nonagricultural wage and salary

 workers, excluding private household workers, by industry ......................................................................... 23

6. Percent distribution of employed private nonagricultural wage and salary workers, excluding private

household workers, by industry, sex, race, and Hispanic origin ................................................................... 26

7. Persons at work by sex, age, race, and Hispanic origin ................................................................................... 32

8. Persons at work 1 to 34 hours by sex, race, Hispanic origin, reason for working less than 35 hours,

and usual status ........................................................................................................................................... 35

9. Employed persons with a job but not at work by sex, race, Hispanic origin, and reason not at work ............. 34

10. Percent distribution of unemployed persons by sex, age, race, Hispanic origin, and reason for

 unemployment ............................................................................................................................................... 37

11. Percent distribution of unemployed persons by sex, age, race, Hispanic origin, and duration of

 unemployment ............................................................................................................................................... 39

Section II. Estimates for States ........................................................................................................................................ 45

 Charts:

1. Unemployment rates by State, 1999 annual averages ..................................................................................... 47a

2. Employment-population ratios by State, 1999 annual averages ...................................................................... 47b

Tables: States, 1999 annual averages:

12. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by sex, age, race, and Hispanic origin .......... 48

13. Employed and unemployed persons by full- and part-time status, sex, age, race, and Hispanic origin .......... 60

14. Employment status of the experienced civilian labor force by occupation ..................................................... 67

15. Percent distribution of employed persons by sex, race, Hispanic origin, and occupation .............................. 71

16. Employment status of the experienced civilian labor force by industry .......................................................... 77

17. Percent distribution of employed persons by sex, race, Hispanic origin, and industry .................................. 81

18. Employed persons by class of worker............................................................................................................. 87

19. Persons at work by sex, age, race, and Hispanic origin ................................................................................... 88

20. Persons at work 1 to 34 hours by sex, race, reason for working less than 35 hours, and usual status............ 95

21. Employed persons with a job but not at work by reason ................................................................................ 102

22. Percent distribution of unemployed persons by sex, age, race, Hispanic origin, and reason for

unemployment .............................................................................................................................................. 103

23. Percent distribution of unemployed persons by sex, age, race, Hispanic origin, and duration of

unemployment .............................................................................................................................................. 106

Contents

Page
vi

Section III. Estimates for Metropolitan Areas and Cities ................................................................................................ 109

Tables: Metropolitan areas and cities, 1999 annual averages:

24. Civilian labor force participation rates, employment-population ratios, and unemployment rates by sex,

age, race, and Hispanic origin ....................................................................................................................... 110

25. Percent distribution of employed persons by sex, race, Hispanic origin, and occupation .............................. 121

26. Unemployment rates by occupation ............................................................................................................... 128

27. Percent distribution of employed persons, excluding private household workers, by sex, race, and

Hispanic origin .............................................................................................................................................. 129

28. Unemployment rates for nonagricultural workers, excluding private household workers, by industry .......... 137

Appendixes:

A. Concepts and Definitions for Data Derived from the Current Population Survey ................................................. 139

B. Sampling and Estimation Procedures and Sampling Error Tables .......................................................................... 141

C. Geographic Boundary Definitions ......................................................................................................................... 155

Contents—Continued

Page
1

Geographic Profile of Employment

and Unemployment, 1999

The Current Population Survey (CPS) is the regular monthlysurvey of about 50,000 households from which the national unemployment rate is derived. (See appendix A for concepts and definitions used in the CPS and appendix B for a

description of the estimation procedures.)

The method for determining which annual average estimates of the labor force by demographic characteristics (age,

sex, race, and Hispanic origin) and economic characteristics

of the employed and unemployed to publish in this bulletin is

explained in appendix B. Table B-1 lists the minimum bases

required for publication for various geographic areas.

Estimates for census regions and divisions are shown in

section I; data for States are shown in section II, and limited

data for metropolitan areas and cities are shown in section III.

Estimates of levels are not provided in section III because

population controls needed to make estimates of levels comparable with those in the other sections of this publication

are not available.

Because the estimates are based on a survey rather than

on a complete census of the population, they are subject to

sampling error. Consequently, error ranges have been calculated, in the form of 90-percent confidence intervals, and displayed for the unemployment rates in the first table of sections I, II, and III. In addition, appendix B provides tables

from which the sampling error ranges can be obtained for the

data in other tables in sections I and II. Separate error tables

are not provided for each population group (such as total,

white, black, or Hispanic). Instead, one table is used for all

population groups for a given labor force characteristic, because differences in sampling errors are usually minimal.
Section I. Estimates for Census Regions

And Divisions

3
Table 1. Census regions and divisions: Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by sex, age, race, and Hispanic origin,

1999 annual averages

(Numbers in thousands)

Area and population group

Civilian noninstitutional

population

Civilian labor force Employment Unemployment

Number Percent of

population Number Percent ofpopulation Number Rate Error range of rate1

UNITED STATES

Total ................................................................................ 207,753 139,368 67.1 133,488 64.3 5,880 4.2 4.1 - 4.3

 Men ................................................................................ 99,722 74,512 74.7 71,446 71.6 3,066 4.1 4.0 - 4.2

 Women .......................................................................... 108,031 64,855 60.0 62,042 57.4 2,814 4.3 4.2 - 4.4

 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................ 16,040 8,333 52.0 7,172 44.7 1,162 13.9 13.4 - 14.4

 White ............................................................................. 173,085 116,509 67.3 112,235 64.8 4,273 3.7 3.6 - 3.8

 Men ............................................................................... 83,930 63,413 75.6 61,139 72.8 2,274 3.6 3.5 - 3.7

 Women ......................................................................... 89,156 53,096 59.6 51,096 57.3 1,999 3.8 3.7 - 3.9

 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ........................................... 12,700 7,048 55.5 6,204 48.8 844 12.0 11.5 - 12.5

 Black .............................................................................. 24,855 16,365 65.8 15,056 60.6 1,309 8.0 7.7 - 8.3

 Men ............................................................................... 11,143 7,652 68.7 7,027 63.1 626 8.2 7.8 - 8.6

 Women ......................................................................... 13,711 8,713 63.5 8,029 58.6 684 7.8 7.4 - 8.2

 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ........................................... 2,479 959 38.7 691 27.9 268 27.9 26.4 - 29.4

 Hispanic origin ............................................................... 21,650 14,665 67.7 13,720 63.4 945 6.4 6.1 - 6.7

 Men ............................................................................... 10,713 8,546 79.8 8,067 75.3 480 5.6 5.3 - 5.9

 Women ......................................................................... 10,937 6,119 55.9 5,653 51.7 466 7.6 7.2 - 8.0

 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ........................................... 2,307 1,049 45.5 854 37.0 196 18.6 17.2 - 20.0

Northeast Region

Total ................................................................................ 40,063 26,208 65.4 25,058 62.5 1,149 4.4 4.3 - 4.5

 Men ................................................................................ 19,018 13,879 73.0 13,265 69.7 615 4.4 4.2 - 4.6

 Women .......................................................................... 21,045 12,328 58.6 11,793 56.0 535 4.3 4.1 - 4.5

 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................ 2,907 1,412 48.6 1,220 42.0 192 13.6 12.7 - 14.5

 White ............................................................................. 33,938 22,340 65.8 21,498 63.3 842 3.8 3.7 - 3.9

 Men ............................................................................... 16,212 11,977 73.9 11,515 71.0 463 3.9 3.7 - 4.1

 Women ......................................................................... 17,726 10,363 58.5 9,984 56.3 379 3.7 3.5 - 3.9

 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ........................................... 2,307 1,209 52.4 1,070 46.4 139 11.5 10.5 - 12.5

 Black .............................................................................. 4,559 2,843 62.4 2,579 56.6 264 9.3 8.7 - 9.9

 Men ............................................................................... 2,043 1,323 64.8 1,192 58.4 131 9.9 9.0 - 10.8

 Women ......................................................................... 2,516 1,520 60.4 1,387 55.1 133 8.8 8.0 - 9.6

 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ........................................... 463 156 33.8 111 24.1 45 28.7 25.9 - 31.5

 Hispanic origin ............................................................... 3,332 2,117 63.5 1,959 58.8 158 7.4 6.8 - 8.0

 Men ............................................................................... 1,523 1,141 74.9 1,069 70.2 72 6.3 5.5 - 7.1

 Women ......................................................................... 1,808 975 53.9 890 49.2 85 8.7 7.7 - 9.7

 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ........................................... 321 128 39.9 101 31.4 27 21.3 18.0 - 24.6

New England Division

Total ................................................................................ 10,404 7,147 68.7 6,912 66.4 235 3.3 3.1 - 3.5

 Men ................................................................................ 5,006 3,752 74.9 3,625 72.4 127 3.4 3.1 - 3.7

 Women .......................................................................... 5,398 3,395 62.9 3,287 60.9 108 3.2 2.9 - 3.5

 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................ 719 406 56.4 368 51.1 38 9.4 8.0 - 10.8

 White ............................................................................. 9,550 6,595 69.1 6,395 67.0 200 3.0 2.8 - 3.2

 Men ............................................................................... 4,606 3,479 75.5 3,369 73.1 110 3.2 2.9 - 3.5

 Women ......................................................................... 4,944 3,116 63.0 3,026 61.2 90 2.9 2.6 - 3.2

 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ........................................... 625 368 58.9 337 54.0 31 8.4 7.0 - 9.8

 Black .............................................................................. 602 385 63.9 355 59.0 30 7.7 6.4 - 9.0

 Men ............................................................................... 283 188 66.3 174 61.5 14 7.2 5.4 - 9.0

 Women ......................................................................... 319 197 61.8 181 56.8 16 8.2 6.3 - 10.1

 Hispanic origin ............................................................... 493 344 69.6 323 65.4 21 6.0 4.8 - 7.2

 Men ............................................................................... 236 181 76.6 171 72.7 9 5.1 3.5 - 6.7

 Women ......................................................................... 258 163 63.3 151 58.8 11 7.0 5.1 - 8.9

Middle Atlantic Division

Total ................................................................................ 29,659 19,060 64.3 18,145 61.2 915 4.8 4.6 - 5.0

 Men ................................................................................ 14,012 10,127 72.3 9,639 68.8 488 4.8 4.6 - 5.0

 Women .......................................................................... 15,647 8,933 57.1 8,506 54.4 427 4.8 4.5 - 5.1

 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................ 2,188 1,006 46.0 852 39.0 154 15.3 14.1 - 16.5

 White ............................................................................. 24,386 15,742 64.6 15,101 61.9 642 4.1 3.9 - 4.3

 Men ............................................................................... 11,605 8,497 73.2 8,145 70.2 352 4.1 3.9 - 4.3

 Women ......................................................................... 12,781 7,245 56.7 6,956 54.4 289 4.0 3.7 - 4.3

 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ........................................... 1,683 841 50.0 733 43.6 108 12.8 11.6 - 14.0

See footnotes at end of table.

5
Table 1. Census regions and divisions: Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by sex, age, race, and Hispanic origin,

1999 annual averages — Continued

(Numbers in thousands)

Area and population group

Civilian noninstitutional

population

Civilian labor force Employment Unemployment

Number Percent of

population Number Percent ofpopulation Number Rate Error range of rate1

Middle Atlantic Division–Continued

 Black .............................................................................. 3,958 2,459 62.1 2,225 56.2 234 9.5 8.8 - 10.2

 Men ............................................................................... 1,761 1,136 64.5 1,019 57.9 117 10.3 9.3 - 11.3

 Women ......................................................................... 2,197 1,323 60.2 1,206 54.9 117 8.8 7.9 - 9.7

 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ........................................... 389 129 33.0 90 23.2 38 29.9 26.7 - 33.1

 Hispanic origin ............................................................... 2,839 1,774 62.5 1,637 57.7 137 7.7 7.0 - 8.4

 Men ............................................................................... 1,288 961 74.6 898 69.7 63 6.6 5.7 - 7.5

 Women ......................................................................... 1,551 813 52.4 739 47.6 74 9.1 8.0 - 10.2

 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ........................................... 267 98 36.9 75 28.2 23 23.5 19.6 - 27.4

Midwest Region

Total ................................................................................ 47,947 33,442 69.7 32,245 67.3 1,198 3.6 3.5 - 3.7

 Men ................................................................................ 23,231 17,819 76.7 17,175 73.9 644 3.6 3.4 - 3.8

 Women .......................................................................... 24,716 15,624 63.2 15,070 61.0 554 3.5 3.3 - 3.7

 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................ 3,781 2,341 61.9 2,079 55.0 262 11.2 10.5 - 11.9

 White ............................................................................. 42,383 29,729 70.1 28,815 68.0 914 3.1 3.0 - 3.2

 Men ............................................................................... 20,681 16,020 77.5 15,526 75.1 493 3.1 2.9 - 3.3

 Women ......................................................................... 21,701 13,709 63.2 13,288 61.2 420 3.1 2.9 - 3.3

 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ........................................... 3,255 2,101 64.6 1,899 58.4 202 9.6 8.9 - 10.3

 Black .............................................................................. 4,406 2,913 66.1 2,669 60.6 244 8.4 7.8 - 9.0

 Men ............................................................................... 1,976 1,348 68.2 1,218 61.7 129 9.6 8.7 - 10.5

 Women ......................................................................... 2,430 1,565 64.4 1,451 59.7 115 7.3 6.5 - 8.1

 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ........................................... 405 184 45.6 132 32.6 52 28.4 26.3 - 30.5

 Hispanic origin ............................................................... 1,572 1,155 73.4 1,093 69.5 62 5.3 4.5 - 6.1

 Men ............................................................................... 840 712 84.7 673 80.1 38 5.4 4.4 - 6.4

 Women ......................................................................... 733 443 60.5 420 57.4 23 5.2 3.9 - 6.5

 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ........................................... 170 96 56.7 81 47.5 16 16.2 12.4 - 20.0

East North Central Division

Total ................................................................................ 33,761 23,240 68.8 22,346 66.2 894 3.8 3.6 - 4.0

 Men ................................................................................ 16,292 12,386 76.0 11,915 73.1 471 3.8 3.6 - 4.0

 Women .......................................................................... 17,469 10,854 62.1 10,431 59.7 423 3.9 3.7 - 4.1

 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................ 2,654 1,600 60.3 1,402 52.8 198 12.4 11.5 - 13.3

 White ............................................................................. 29,251 20,255 69.2 19,588 67.0 668 3.3 3.1 - 3.5

 Men ............................................................................... 14,236 10,961 77.0 10,610 74.5 352 3.2 3.0 - 3.4

 Women ......................................................................... 15,015 9,294 61.9 8,978 59.8 316 3.4 3.2 - 3.6

 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ........................................... 2,239 1,413 63.1 1,263 56.4 150 10.6 9.7 - 11.5

 Black .............................................................................. 3,720 2,437 65.5 2,231 60.0 206 8.5 7.8 - 9.2

 Men ............................................................................... 1,653 1,107 67.0 999 60.5 108 9.7 8.7 - 10.7

 Women ......................................................................... 2,068 1,330 64.3 1,232 59.6 99 7.4 6.5 - 8.3

 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ........................................... 344 156 45.5 111 32.3 45 29.0 26.7 - 31.3

 Hispanic origin ............................................................... 1,253 919 73.4 869 69.3 51 5.5 4.6 - 6.4

 Men ............................................................................... 666 564 84.8 534 80.2 31 5.4 4.2 - 6.6

 Women ......................................................................... 587 355 60.5 335 57.1 20 5.6 4.1 - 7.1

 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ........................................... 143 82 57.6 68 47.6 14 17.4 13.2 - 21.6

West North Central Division

Total ................................................................................ 14,186 10,202 71.9 9,899 69.8 303 3.0 2.8 - 3.2

 Men ................................................................................ 6,939 5,432 78.3 5,259 75.8 173 3.2 2.9 - 3.5

 Women .......................................................................... 7,246 4,770 65.8 4,639 64.0 131 2.7 2.4 - 3.0

 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................ 1,127 741 65.7 677 60.0 64 8.6 7.5 - 9.7

 White ............................................................................. 13,131 9,472 72.1 9,226 70.3 246 2.6 2.4 - 2.8

 Men ............................................................................... 6,445 5,058 78.5 4,916 76.3 142 2.8 2.5 - 3.1

 Women ......................................................................... 6,686 4,415 66.0 4,310 64.5 105 2.4 2.1 - 2.7

 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ........................................... 1,016 688 67.8 636 62.7 52 7.5 6.4 - 8.6

 Black .............................................................................. 687 477 69.4 439 63.9 38 8.0 6.6 - 9.4

 Men ............................................................................... 324 241 74.5 220 67.7 22 9.0 7.0 - 11.0

 Women ......................................................................... 362 235 64.9 219 60.5 16 6.9 5.0 - 8.8

 Hispanic origin ............................................................... 320 236 73.7 224 70.2 11 4.7 3.1 - 6.3

 Men ............................................................................... 174 147 84.5 140 80.1 8 5.2 3.1 - 7.3

See footnotes at end of table.

6
Table 1. Census regions and divisions: Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by sex, age, race, and Hispanic origin,

1999 annual averages — Continued

(Numbers in thousands)

Area and population group

Civilian noninstitutional

population

Civilian labor force Employment Unemployment

Number Percent of

population Number Percent ofpopulation Number Rate Error range of rate1

West North Central Division–Continued

 Women ......................................................................... 145 88 60.8 85 58.5 3 3.9 1.5 - 6.3

South Region

Total ................................................................................ 73,417 48,399 65.9 46,405 63.2 1,994 4.1 4.0 - 4.2

 Men ................................................................................ 34,954 25,764 73.7 24,776 70.9 988 3.8 3.6 - 4.0

 Women .......................................................................... 38,462 22,635 58.9 21,629 56.2 1,006 4.4 4.2 - 4.6

 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................ 5,694 2,779 48.8 2,357 41.4 421 15.2 14.5 - 15.9

 White ............................................................................. 57,806 37,913 65.6 36,656 63.4 1,257 3.3 3.2 - 3.4

 Men ............................................................................... 27,976 20,813 74.4 20,156 72.0 657 3.2 3.0 - 3.4

 Women ......................................................................... 29,830 17,099 57.3 16,499 55.3 600 3.5 3.3 - 3.7

 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ........................................... 4,122 2,159 52.4 1,894 46.0 265 12.3 11.5 - 13.1

 Black .............................................................................. 13,661 9,157 67.0 8,471 62.0 686 7.5 7.2 - 7.8

 Men ............................................................................... 6,072 4,254 70.1 3,949 65.0 305 7.2 6.7 - 7.7

 Women ......................................................................... 7,589 4,902 64.6 4,522 59.6 381 7.8 7.3 - 8.3

 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ........................................... 1,414 549 38.8 400 28.3 149 27.1 25.7 - 28.5

 Hispanic origin ............................................................... 7,417 5,029 67.8 4,748 64.0 281 5.6 5.2 - 6.0

 Men ............................................................................... 3,677 2,925 79.5 2,781 75.6 143 4.9 4.4 - 5.4

 Women ......................................................................... 3,740 2,104 56.3 1,966 52.6 138 6.6 5.9 - 7.3

 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ........................................... 783 371 47.3 308 39.4 62 16.8 14.8 - 18.8

South Atlantic Division

Total ................................................................................ 38,043 25,066 65.9 24,128 63.4 938 3.7 3.5 - 3.9

 Men ................................................................................ 18,071 13,233 73.2 12,787 70.8 446 3.4 3.2 - 3.6

 Women .......................................................................... 19,972 11,833 59.2 11,341 56.8 492 4.2 4.0 - 4.4

 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................ 2,711 1,352 49.9 1,165 43.0 187 13.8 12.8 - 14.8

 White ............................................................................. 29,094 18,907 65.0 18,386 63.2 521 2.8 2.6 - 3.0

 Men ............................................................................... 14,075 10,333 73.4 10,066 71.5 267 2.6 2.4 - 2.8

 Women ......................................................................... 15,019 8,574 57.1 8,320 55.4 255 3.0 2.8 - 3.2

 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ........................................... 1,860 994 53.4 895 48.1 99 9.9 8.8 - 11.0

 Black .............................................................................. 7,952 5,467 68.8 5,073 63.8 394 7.2 6.8 - 7.6

 Men ............................................................................... 3,543 2,550 72.0 2,380 67.2 170 6.7 6.1 - 7.3

 Women ......................................................................... 4,409 2,918 66.2 2,694 61.1 224 7.7 7.1 - 8.3

 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ........................................... 776 322 41.5 238 30.6 84 26.2 24.2 - 28.2

 Hispanic origin ............................................................... 2,724 1,874 68.8 1,782 65.4 92 4.9 4.3 - 5.5

 Men ............................................................................... 1,355 1,091 80.5 1,046 77.2 45 4.2 3.4 - 5.0

 Women ......................................................................... 1,370 783 57.1 736 53.8 46 5.9 4.9 - 6.9

 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ........................................... 234 116 49.6 101 43.0 16 13.4 9.9 - 16.9

East South Central Division

Total ................................................................................ 12,784 8,204 64.2 7,836 61.3 368 4.5 4.2 - 4.8

 Men ................................................................................ 6,064 4,359 71.9 4,163 68.6 197 4.5 4.1 - 4.9

 Women .......................................................................... 6,720 3,845 57.2 3,673 54.7 172 4.5 4.1 - 4.9

 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................ 1,021 502 49.2 422 41.4 79 15.8 14.1 - 17.5

 White ............................................................................. 10,208 6,547 64.1 6,314 61.9 233 3.6 3.3 - 3.9

 Men ............................................................................... 4,921 3,606 73.3 3,480 70.7 125 3.5 3.1 - 3.9

 Women ......................................................................... 5,287 2,942 55.6 2,834 53.6 108 3.7 3.3 - 4.1

 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ........................................... 721 392 54.3 341 47.3 50 12.8 11.0 - 14.6

 Black .............................................................................. 2,464 1,578 64.1 1,447 58.7 132 8.3 7.5 - 9.1

 Men ............................................................................... 1,090 711 65.2 642 58.9 69 9.7 8.4 - 11.0

 Women ......................................................................... 1,374 867 63.1 804 58.6 63 7.2 6.2 - 8.2

 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ........................................... 290 104 36.0 75 26.0 29 27.8 24.8 - 30.8

 Hispanic origin ............................................................... 118 87 73.6 85 71.5 2 2.8 .6 - 5.0

 Men ............................................................................... 62 56 91.0 56 89.4 1 1.7 2 () - 2 ( )

West South Central Division

Total ................................................................................ 22,590 15,127 67.0 14,440 63.9 687 4.5 4.3 - 4.7

 Men ................................................................................ 10,819 8,169 75.5 7,825 72.3 345 4.2 3.9 - 4.5

 Women .......................................................................... 11,771 6,958 59.1 6,615 56.2 343 4.9 4.6 - 5.2

 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................ 1,961 924 47.1 770 39.2 155 16.8 15.5 - 18.1

See footnotes at end of table.

7
Table 1. Census regions and divisions: Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by sex, age, race, and Hispanic origin,

1999 annual averages — Continued

(Numbers in thousands)

Area and population group

Civilian noninstitutional

population

Civilian labor force Employment Unemployment

Number Percent of

population Number Percent ofpopulation Number Rate Error range of rate1

West South Central Division–Continued

 White ............................................................................. 18,499 12,453 67.3 11,951 64.6 502 4.0 3.8 - 4.2

 Men ............................................................................... 8,977 6,872 76.5 6,607 73.6 265 3.9 3.6 - 4.2

 Women ......................................................................... 9,522 5,581 58.6 5,344 56.1 237 4.2 3.9 - 4.5

 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ........................................... 1,539 773 50.2 657 42.7 116 15.0 13.6 - 16.4

 Black .............................................................................. 3,252 2,116 65.1 1,956 60.1 160 7.6 6.9 - 8.3

 Men ............................................................................... 1,442 996 69.0 929 64.4 66 6.7 5.7 - 7.7

 Women ......................................................................... 1,810 1,120 61.9 1,026 56.7 94 8.4 7.4 - 9.4

 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ........................................... 347 122 35.2 87 25.0 35 28.9 26.4 - 31.4

 Hispanic origin ............................................................... 4,557 3,057 67.1 2,870 63.0 187 6.1 5.6 - 6.6

 Men ............................................................................... 2,252 1,770 78.6 1,674 74.3 96 5.4 4.7 - 6.1

 Women ......................................................................... 2,305 1,286 55.8 1,196 51.9 90 7.0 6.1 - 7.9

 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ........................................... 540 251 46.4 204 37.8 46 18.4 16.0 - 20.8

West Region

Total ................................................................................ 46,123 31,185 67.6 29,653 64.3 1,533 4.9 4.7 - 5.1

 Men ................................................................................ 22,421 16,979 75.7 16,162 72.1 817 4.8 4.6 - 5.0

 Women .......................................................................... 23,702 14,207 59.9 13,491 56.9 716 5.0 4.8 - 5.2

 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................ 3,641 1,795 49.3 1,510 41.5 285 15.9 14.9 - 16.9

 White ............................................................................. 38,799 26,423 68.1 25,167 64.9 1,256 4.8 4.6 - 5.0

 Men ............................................................................... 18,983 14,545 76.6 13,886 73.2 658 4.5 4.3 - 4.7

 Women ......................................................................... 19,816 11,878 59.9 11,281 56.9 598 5.0 4.7 - 5.3

 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ........................................... 3,004 1,573 52.4 1,335 44.4 238 15.1 14.0 - 16.2

 Black .............................................................................. 2,201 1,433 65.1 1,319 60.0 114 7.9 7.0 - 8.8

 Men ............................................................................... 1,039 718 69.1 658 63.4 59 8.3 7.0 - 9.6

 Women ......................................................................... 1,161 715 61.6 661 56.9 54 7.6 6.3 - 8.9

 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ........................................... 195 69 35.2 47 24.0 22 32.0 26.6 - 37.4

 Hispanic origin ............................................................... 9,294 6,341 68.2 5,898 63.5 443 7.0 6.6 - 7.4

 Men ............................................................................... 4,655 3,755 80.7 3,530 75.8 225 6.0 5.5 - 6.5

 Women ......................................................................... 4,639 2,586 55.7 2,368 51.0 218 8.4 7.7 - 9.1

 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ........................................... 1,029 453 44.0 362 35.2 90 20.0 17.8 - 22.2

Mountain Division

Total ................................................................................ 12,813 8,853 69.1 8,483 66.2 369 4.2 4.0 - 4.4

 Men ................................................................................ 6,244 4,800 76.9 4,605 73.7 195 4.1 3.8 - 4.4

 Women .......................................................................... 6,569 4,053 61.7 3,878 59.0 175 4.3 4.0 - 4.6

 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................ 1,087 605 55.6 521 47.9 84 13.8 12.7 - 14.9

 White ............................................................................. 11,838 8,199 69.3 7,870 66.5 329 4.0 3.8 - 4.2

 Men ............................................................................... 5,790 4,472 77.2 4,300 74.3 172 3.8 3.5 - 4.1

 Women ......................................................................... 6,048 3,727 61.6 3,570 59.0 157 4.2 3.9 - 4.5

 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ........................................... 985 562 57.0 485 49.2 77 13.6 12.4 - 14.8

 Black .............................................................................. 351 249 71.0 234 66.7 15 6.1 4.7 - 7.5

 Men ............................................................................... 174 131 75.7 122 70.4 9 7.0 4.9 - 9.1

 Women ......................................................................... 177 118 66.5 112 63.1 6 5.0 3.1 - 6.9

 Hispanic origin ............................................................... 2,247 1,516 67.5 1,415 63.0 101 6.7 6.1 - 7.3

 Men ............................................................................... 1,111 874 78.7 822 74.0 52 6.0 5.2 - 6.8

 Women ......................................................................... 1,136 642 56.5 593 52.2 49 7.6 6.6 - 8.6

 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ........................................... 267 128 47.8 104 38.9 24 18.6 16.2 - 21.0

Pacific Division

Total ................................................................................ 33,310 22,332 67.0 21,169 63.6 1,163 5.2 5.0 - 5.4

 Men ................................................................................ 16,177 12,179 75.3 11,557 71.4 622 5.1 4.8 - 5.4

 Women .......................................................................... 17,133 10,153 59.3 9,612 56.1 541 5.3 5.0 - 5.6

 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................ 2,554 1,190 46.6 989 38.7 201 16.9 15.5 - 18.3

 White ............................................................................. 26,958 18,221 67.6 17,295 64.2 927 5.1 4.9 - 5.3

 Men ............................................................................... 13,192 10,072 76.3 9,586 72.7 486 4.8 4.5 - 5.1

 Women ......................................................................... 13,766 8,150 59.2 7,709 56.0 440 5.4 5.1 - 5.7

 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ........................................... 2,019 1,011 50.1 850 42.1 161 15.9 14.4 - 17.4

 Black .............................................................................. 1,851 1,184 64.0 1,086 58.7 99 8.3 7.2 - 9.4

 Men ............................................................................... 866 587 67.7 536 61.9 50 8.6 7.0 - 10.2

See footnotes at end of table.

8
Table 1. Census regions and divisions: Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by sex, age, race, and Hispanic origin,

1999 annual averages — Continued

(Numbers in thousands)

Area and population group

Civilian noninstitutional

population

Civilian labor force Employment Unemployment

Number Percent of

population Number Percent ofpopulation Number Rate Error range of rate1

Pacific Division–Continued

 Women ......................................................................... 985 598 60.7 550 55.8 48 8.1 6.6 - 9.6

 Hispanic origin ............................................................... 7,048 4,825 68.5 4,483 63.6 342 7.1 6.6 - 7.6

 Men ............................................................................... 3,544 2,881 81.3 2,708 76.4 173 6.0 5.4 - 6.6

 Women ......................................................................... 3,504 1,944 55.5 1,774 50.6 170 8.7 7.8 - 9.6

 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ........................................... 762 325 42.7 259 33.9 67 20.5 17.7 - 23.3

1 Error ranges are calculated at the 90-percent confidence interval, which means

that if repeated samples were drawn from the same population and an error range

constructed around each sample estimate, in 9 out of 10 cases the true value based

on a complete census of the population would be contained within these error ranges. 2 Error ranges cannot be properly computed when the number of sample cases is

very small and/or the unemployment rate is low.

 NOTE: Data for demographic groups are not shown when they do not meet BLS

publication standards of reliability for the particular area based on the sample in that

area. See appendix B. Items may not add to totals or compute to displayed

percentages because of rounding. Detail for race and Hispanic-origin groups will not

add to totals because data for the "other races" group are not presented and

Hispanics are included in both the white and black population groups. Levels

incorporate updated 1990 census-based population controls. Because of separate

processing and weighting procedures, totals for the United States differ from the

results obtained by aggregating the totals for regions and States.

9
Table 2. Census regions and divisions: Employed and unemployed persons by full- and part-time status, sex, age, race, and Hispanic

origin, 1999 annual averages

(In thousands)

Population group and area

Employed1 Unemployed

Full-time workers Part-time workers

Looking for

full-time

work

Looking for

part-time

Total work

At work

Not

at

work

Total

At work2

Not

at

work

35

hours

or

more

1 to 34 hours

Part time for

economic

reasons

Part time for

noneconomic reasons Economic

reasons

Noneconomic

reasons

TOTAL

Northeast ...................................... 20,373 17,682 174 1,726 791 4,685 443 3,957 285 906 244

 New England ............................... 5,530 4,758 54 489 230 1,381 102 1,197 82 184 51

 Middle Atlantic ............................. 14,842 12,923 121 1,237 561 3,303 341 2,760 202 722 193

Midwest ........................................ 26,190 22,828 267 2,101 993 6,055 423 5,226 406 917 280

 East North Central ....................... 18,217 15,935 176 1,393 712 4,129 303 3,548 278 689 205

 West North Central ...................... 7,973 6,893 91 708 281 1,926 120 1,678 127 228 75

South ............................................ 39,435 34,543 480 3,103 1,310 6,971 687 5,864 420 1,612 382

 South Atlantic .............................. 20,526 17,915 227 1,702 681 3,602 338 3,044 221 759 179

 East South Central ...................... 6,609 5,759 92 531 228 1,226 120 1,034 72 294 74

 West South Central ..................... 12,298 10,866 160 870 401 2,142 229 1,786 127 558 129

West ............................................. 24,198 21,131 359 1,860 849 5,455 660 4,445 349 1,229 303

 Mountain ...................................... 6,959 6,099 91 531 239 1,524 136 1,279 109 281 88

 Pacific .......................................... 17,239 15,031 267 1,329 611 3,930 524 3,166 240 948 215

Men

Northeast ...................................... 11,842 10,551 97 800 393 1,423 178 1,172 73 519 96

 New England ............................... 3,225 2,848 27 230 119 400 42 336 22 107 20

 Middle Atlantic ............................. 8,616 7,703 70 570 274 1,023 136 836 51 411 76

Midwest ........................................ 15,270 13,638 153 999 481 1,904 185 1,611 108 523 121

 East North Central ....................... 10,641 9,539 103 649 349 1,274 133 1,067 75 385 86

 West North Central ...................... 4,630 4,099 50 350 131 630 52 544 33 138 35

South ............................................ 22,420 20,060 273 1,469 617 2,356 280 1,956 120 815 173

 South Atlantic .............................. 11,573 10,331 127 796 319 1,214 143 1,005 67 368 78

 East South Central ...................... 3,754 3,343 52 254 105 408 45 344 19 162 35

 West South Central ..................... 7,091 6,385 94 419 194 733 93 608 33 284 60

West ............................................. 14,337 12,730 221 954 431 1,826 301 1,434 91 689 127

 Mountain ...................................... 4,110 3,665 55 267 123 495 60 407 28 158 37

 Pacific .......................................... 10,226 9,065 166 687 308 1,331 242 1,027 63 532 90

Women

Northeast ...................................... 8,532 7,130 77 927 398 3,262 265 2,785 212 387 148

 New England ............................... 2,305 1,909 26 259 110 981 60 861 61 77 31

 Middle Atlantic ............................. 6,226 5,221 51 668 287 2,280 206 1,923 151 311 117

Midwest ........................................ 10,919 9,190 114 1,102 513 4,151 238 3,615 297 394 160

 East North Central ....................... 7,576 6,396 74 744 363 2,855 171 2,481 203 304 119

 West North Central ...................... 3,343 2,794 41 358 150 1,296 68 1,134 94 90 40

South ............................................ 17,015 14,482 206 1,634 692 4,615 406 3,908 301 797 209

 South Atlantic .............................. 8,954 7,585 100 906 362 2,388 195 2,039 154 391 101

 East South Central ...................... 2,855 2,416 40 276 123 818 75 691 53 132 40

 West South Central ..................... 5,206 4,481 66 452 207 1,409 137 1,178 94 274 68

West ............................................. 9,862 8,401 138 906 418 3,629 359 3,012 258 540 176

 Mountain ...................................... 2,849 2,434 36 263 115 1,030 76 872 81 124 51

 Pacific .......................................... 7,013 5,966 102 642 302 2,599 283 2,139 177 416 125

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 2. Census regions and divisions: Employed and unemployed persons by full- and part-time status, sex, age, race, and Hispanic

origin, 1999 annual averages — Continued

(In thousands)

Population group and area

Employed1 Unemployed

Full-time workers Part-time workers

Looking for

full-time

work

Looking for

part-time

Total work

At work

Not

at

work

Total

At work2

Not

at

work

35

hours

or

more

1 to 34 hours

Part time for

economic

reasons

Part time for

noneconomic reasons Economic

reasons

Noneconomic

reasons

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

Northeast ...................................... 329 270 9 42 8 891 50 804 38 83 109

 New England ............................... 100 82 2 13 2 268 16 242 10 3 ( ) 3 ( )

 Middle Atlantic ............................. 229 188 7 29 5 623 34 561 28 66 88

Midwest ........................................ 651 552 16 68 14 1,428 58 1,309 61 122 140

 East North Central ....................... 442 381 10 41 10 960 39 879 41 94 104

 West North Central ...................... 209 171 7 27 5 467 18 430 19 3 ( ) 3 ( )

South ............................................ 877 735 32 90 21 1,480 99 1,329 52 223 198

 South Atlantic .............................. 420 351 15 42 12 745 49 667 29 99 88

 East South Central ...................... 147 119 6 18 3 276 17 249 10 38 41

 West South Central ..................... 310 264 11 29 6 459 32 413 14 86 69

West ............................................. 526 447 22 46 10 984 70 877 36 146 139

 Mountain ...................................... 202 172 7 19 4 319 21 287 11 41 43

 Pacific .......................................... 324 275 15 27 7 665 50 590 25 106 96

White

Northeast ...................................... 17,324 14,981 153 1,500 690 4,174 338 3,578 258 651 190

 New England ............................... 5,100 4,382 50 455 213 1,295 87 1,131 78 156 44

 Middle Atlantic ............................. 12,223 10,598 103 1,044 477 2,878 251 2,447 180 495 147

Midwest ........................................ 23,302 20,326 230 1,867 880 5,513 329 4,806 378 682 232

 East North Central ....................... 15,894 13,920 150 1,205 619 3,693 231 3,207 255 502 166

 West North Central ...................... 7,407 6,405 81 661 261 1,819 98 1,598 123 180 66

South ............................................ 31,020 27,203 360 2,417 1,039 5,636 457 4,825 354 1,008 249

 South Atlantic .............................. 15,559 13,597 164 1,272 526 2,827 202 2,440 185 414 107

 East South Central ...................... 5,302 4,637 69 419 177 1,012 82 869 61 189 44

 West South Central ..................... 10,155 8,965 127 726 336 1,796 173 1,515 108 404 98

West ............................................. 20,443 17,828 317 1,579 720 4,724 551 3,860 313 1,007 249

 Mountain ...................................... 6,436 5,642 85 489 219 1,433 125 1,204 105 248 81

 Pacific .......................................... 14,005 12,183 231 1,089 501 3,290 426 2,656 208 759 167

Black

Northeast ...................................... 2,189 1,930 16 170 74 390 93 275 21 220 44

 New England ............................... 295 257 2 26 10 60 14 43 3 3 ( ) 3 ( )

 Middle Atlantic ............................. 1,895 1,674 13 144 63 330 79 233 18 197 37

Midwest ........................................ 2,255 1,939 30 191 94 414 83 310 21 203 42

 East North Central ....................... 1,884 1,615 24 164 80 347 64 265 18 170 36

 West North Central ...................... 372 324 7 27 14 67 19 45 3 3 ( ) 3 ( )

South ............................................ 7,315 6,359 106 608 242 1,156 209 892 55 563 123

 South Atlantic .............................. 4,398 3,817 58 381 143 675 124 520 32 328 67

 East South Central ...................... 1,247 1,068 22 109 48 200 37 153 11 102 29

 West South Central ..................... 1,674 1,477 26 119 52 281 48 220 13 134 27

West ............................................. 1,130 983 12 93 41 190 34 148 8 95 19

 Mountain ...................................... 205 181 2 14 8 29 4 24 1 3 ( ) 3 ( )

 Pacific .......................................... 925 802 10 79 33 161 30 124 7 81 17

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 2. Census regions and divisions: Employed and unemployed persons by full- and part-time status, sex, age, race, and Hispanic

origin, 1999 annual averages — Continued

(In thousands)

Population group and area

Employed1 Unemployed

Full-time workers Part-time workers

Looking for

full-time

work

Looking for

part-time

Total work

At work

Not

at

work

Total

At work2

Not

at

work

35

hours

or

more

1 to 34 hours

Part time for

economic

reasons

Part time for

noneconomic reasons Economic

reasons

Noneconomic

reasons

Hispanic origin

Northeast ...................................... 1,688 1,507 15 115 51 271 56 203 11 130 27

 New England ............................... 268 237 1 22 8 54 10 43 2 3 ( ) 3 ( )

 Middle Atlantic ............................. 1,420 1,271 14 93 43 217 46 160 10 113 24

Midwest ........................................ 946 843 13 57 33 147 19 120 8 3 ( ) 3 ( )

 East North Central ....................... 751 671 9 44 27 118 15 97 6 3 ( ) 3 ( )

 West North Central ...................... 195 172 3 13 7 29 4 23 2 3 ( ) 3 ( )

South ............................................ 4,089 3,603 71 290 125 659 131 499 28 229 52

 South Atlantic .............................. 1,552 1,367 22 122 42 230 49 170 10 77 14

 East South Central ...................... 77 69 2 5 2 8 1 7 3 ( ) 3 ( ) 3 ( )

 West South Central ..................... 2,451 2,160 47 164 80 419 80 321 18 149 38

West ............................................. 5,025 4,447 110 312 156 873 200 627 46 376 67

 Mountain ...................................... 1,210 1,080 21 72 36 206 32 160 14 81 20

 Pacific .......................................... 3,815 3,367 89 240 120 667 168 467 32 296 47

1 Employed persons are classified as full- or part-time workers based on

their usual weekly hours at all jobs regardless of the number of hours they are

at work during the reference week. Persons absent from work are classified

according to their usual status. 2 Includes some persons at work 35 hours or more classified by their reason

for working part time. 3 Data are not shown when the labor force base does not meet BLS

publication standards of reliability for the particular area, based on the sample

in that area. See appendix B.

 NOTE: Items may not add to totals because of rounding. Detail for race and

Hispanic-origin groups will not add to totals because data for the "other races"

group are not presented and Hispanics are included in both the white and black

population groups. Levels incorporate updated 1990 census-based population

controls.
Table 3. Census regions and divisions: Employment status of the experienced1 civilian labor force by occupation, 1999 annual

averages

(Numbers in thousands)

Employment status and occupation

Northeast Midwest South West

Total New

England

Middle

Atlantic Total

East

North

Central

West

North

Central

Total South

Atlantic

East

South

Central

West

South

Central

Total Mountain Pacific

CIVILIAN LABOR FORCE

Managerial and professional specialty ................... 8,297 2,369 5,927 9,479 6,555 2,924 13,753 7,386 2,162 4,205 9,669 2,656 7,013

 Executive, administrative, and managerial ........... 3,851 1,099 2,751 4,583 3,200 1,383 6,713 3,657 1,062 1,995 4,792 1,306 3,487

 Professional specialty .......................................... 4,446 1,270 3,176 4,895 3,354 1,541 7,039 3,729 1,100 2,210 4,876 1,350 3,526

 Engineers ........................................................... 404 145 259 508 394 114 665 339 93 233 536 142 394

 Mathematical and computer scientists ............... 381 118 262 407 281 126 606 372 64 170 486 126 360

 Health diagnosing occupations ........................... 245 62 183 257 185 2 ( ) 356 184 60 112 216 54 163

 Health assessment and treating occupations ..... 678 197 481 788 551 237 1,013 531 188 294 577 171 405

 Teachers, except college and university ............ 1,066 286 781 1,210 808 402 1,912 907 340 665 1,167 349 818

Technical, sales, and administrative support .......... 7,762 2,071 5,691 9,556 6,610 2,946 14,121 7,373 2,339 4,408 8,920 2,529 6,390

 Technicians and related support .......................... 837 246 591 1,046 694 352 1,585 831 257 497 983 279 703

 Health technologists and technicians ................. 336 88 248 439 304 135 635 326 114 194 325 93 232

 Engineering and science technicians ................. 211 75 136 304 187 117 464 237 72 155 317 94 223

 Sales occupations ................................................ 3,117 839 2,278 3,931 2,764 1,166 6,075 3,197 1,029 1,849 3,694 1,076 2,617

 Supervisors and proprietors ............................... 887 242 645 1,146 807 339 1,838 950 323 565 1,105 301 803

 Sales representatives, finance and business

services ............................................................ 583 154 429 624 437 187 948 551 134 263 655 203 452

 Sales representatives, commodities, except

retail .................................................................. 284 75 209 425 304 120 506 263 91 152 343 93 250

 Sales workers, retail and personal services ....... 1,345 363 981 1,706 1,192 514 2,751 1,419 474 858 1,569 471 1,098

 Administrative support, including clerical .............. 3,809 987 2,823 4,579 3,151 1,428 6,461 3,345 1,053 2,062 4,243 1,174 3,069

 Computer equipment operators .......................... 93 2 ( ) 70 90 61 2 ( ) 114 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 71 2 ( ) 2 ( )

 Secretaries, stenographers, and typists ............. 799 178 621 857 591 266 1,230 599 221 410 668 206 462

 Financial records processing .............................. 431 128 303 548 364 184 763 376 148 240 491 155 336

 Mail and message distributing ............................ 206 54 152 236 162 73 355 199 2 ( ) 108 222 56 166

Service occupations ............................................... 3,766 938 2,829 4,435 3,119 1,316 6,457 3,343 1,006 2,107 4,320 1,316 3,004

 Private household ................................................. 170 2 ( ) 128 131 92 2 ( ) 323 164 2 ( ) 124 272 48 224

 Protective service ................................................. 531 118 413 511 394 117 924 488 150 286 544 160 383

 Service, except private household and protective 3,065 778 2,287 3,793 2,632 1,161 5,210 2,691 821 1,697 3,504 1,108 2,396

 Food service ....................................................... 1,214 326 888 1,616 1,141 474 2,202 1,122 345 735 1,539 484 1,055

 Health service ..................................................... 659 157 502 635 420 216 868 432 147 289 480 128 352

 Cleaning and building service ............................. 634 154 480 762 536 226 1,092 567 157 368 736 245 492

 Personal service ................................................. 558 140 417 780 535 245 1,048 570 173 306 748 251 498

Precision production, craft, and repair .................... 2,560 774 1,786 3,712 2,584 1,128 5,675 2,919 994 1,761 3,239 988 2,250

 Mechanics and repairers ...................................... 854 254 600 1,209 839 370 1,861 964 292 605 1,074 306 768

 Construction trades .............................................. 1,035 314 721 1,376 938 438 2,374 1,263 398 713 1,339 444 895

Operators, fabricators, and laborers ....................... 3,318 864 2,454 5,272 3,874 1,399 6,988 3,423 1,453 2,112 3,779 1,046 2,733

 Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors .. 1,294 381 913 2,400 1,821 580 2,727 1,342 643 743 1,399 335 1,063

 Transportation and material moving occupations 1,021 251 769 1,410 1,000 410 2,203 1,073 418 712 1,112 356 756

 Motor vehicle operators ...................................... 853 202 651 1,046 739 307 1,606 789 285 531 852 268 584

 Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and

laborers ............................................................. 1,003 232 771 1,462 1,053 409 2,058 1,008 392 658 1,268 355 913

 Construction laborers ......................................... 166 2 ( ) 132 230 164 2 ( ) 372 193 70 109 289 96 193

Farming, forestry, and fishing ................................. 413 118 295 909 437 472 1,216 538 210 467 1,132 290 842

 Farm operators and managers ............................. 106 2 ( ) 82 459 153 306 373 117 80 176 204 80 124

See footnotes at end of table.

13
Table 3. Census regions and divisions: Employment status of the experienced1 civilian labor force by occupation, 1999 annual

averages — Continued

(Numbers in thousands)

Employment status and occupation

Northeast Midwest South West

Total New

England

Middle

Atlantic Total

East

North

Central

West

North

Central

Total South

Atlantic

East

South

Central

West

South

Central

Total Mountain Pacific

EMPLOYED

Managerial and professional specialty ................... 8,132 2,330 5,801 9,332 6,450 2,882 13,530 7,270 2,128 4,132 9,434 2,601 6,833

 Executive, administrative, and managerial ........... 3,766 1,078 2,688 4,508 3,146 1,362 6,609 3,601 1,048 1,959 4,681 1,281 3,400

 Professional specialty .......................................... 4,366 1,252 3,113 4,824 3,304 1,519 6,921 3,668 1,080 2,172 4,753 1,320 3,432

 Engineers ........................................................... 399 143 256 503 390 113 653 334 91 227 524 140 384

 Mathematical and computer scientists ............... 374 117 257 401 277 125 595 362 63 169 476 123 352

 Health diagnosing occupations ........................... 243 62 182 256 184 2 ( ) 355 183 60 112 216 53 163

 Health assessment and treating occupations ..... 669 194 475 778 544 235 1,001 525 185 290 568 168 400

 Teachers, except college and university ............ 1,047 282 764 1,192 796 396 1,889 897 336 656 1,144 342 802

Technical, sales, and administrative support .......... 7,447 2,005 5,442 9,265 6,388 2,876 13,609 7,120 2,255 4,234 8,563 2,441 6,122

 Technicians and related support .......................... 814 239 574 1,029 683 346 1,555 819 248 488 953 274 679

 Health technologists and technicians ................. 327 85 242 432 300 132 623 320 112 191 317 91 226

 Engineering and science technicians ................. 206 73 133 298 182 116 455 234 69 152 306 92 214

 Sales occupations ................................................ 2,977 806 2,171 3,779 2,648 1,131 5,813 3,066 985 1,763 3,533 1,036 2,497

 Supervisors and proprietors ............................... 867 237 630 1,131 796 335 1,811 934 319 558 1,083 297 786

 Sales representatives, finance and business

services ............................................................ 564 149 415 606 423 183 929 540 133 256 633 198 435

 Sales representatives, commodities, except

retail .................................................................. 276 74 202 418 300 118 495 257 89 149 336 92 244

 Sales workers, retail and personal services ....... 1,253 343 909 1,595 1,107 488 2,548 1,321 438 789 1,463 443 1,021

 Administrative support, including clerical .............. 3,656 959 2,697 4,456 3,057 1,399 6,241 3,236 1,022 1,983 4,077 1,131 2,946

 Computer equipment operators .......................... 90 2 ( ) 68 87 59 2 ( ) 111 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 68 2 ( ) 2 ( )

 Secretaries, stenographers, and typists ............. 770 172 598 842 579 263 1,197 584 217 396 644 199 445

 Financial records processing .............................. 416 125 291 537 357 180 747 368 145 234 479 152 327

 Mail and message distributing ............................ 199 53 146 230 157 73 344 196 2 ( ) 105 215 55 161

Service occupations ............................................... 3,554 904 2,650 4,202 2,948 1,255 6,078 3,165 941 1,971 4,064 1,244 2,820

 Private household ................................................. 156 2 ( ) 116 121 85 2 ( ) 304 152 2 ( ) 119 249 43 206

 Protective service ................................................. 512 116 396 499 386 113 901 477 147 277 525 155 370

 Service, except private household and protective 2,886 749 2,137 3,582 2,477 1,105 4,873 2,535 762 1,575 3,290 1,046 2,244

 Food service ....................................................... 1,127 308 818 1,495 1,051 444 2,021 1,040 308 672 1,443 450 992

 Health service ..................................................... 631 153 478 614 404 210 822 414 138 270 452 122 330

 Cleaning and building service ............................. 600 151 449 714 502 213 1,023 531 150 342 681 229 452

 Personal service ................................................. 528 136 392 759 520 238 1,007 550 165 291 714 243 471

Precision production, craft, and repair .................... 2,446 746 1,700 3,581 2,491 1,090 5,478 2,836 954 1,688 3,074 948 2,126

 Mechanics and repairers ...................................... 828 247 581 1,182 822 360 1,815 945 286 584 1,038 298 740

 Construction trades .............................................. 975 299 677 1,305 886 419 2,272 1,218 376 677 1,243 419 824

Operators, fabricators, and laborers ....................... 3,098 814 2,283 4,988 3,655 1,334 6,556 3,229 1,360 1,968 3,509 981 2,528

 Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors .. 1,217 358 859 2,294 1,736 558 2,564 1,265 606 694 1,305 318 987

 Transportation and material moving occupations 974 239 735 1,357 965 393 2,122 1,037 403 682 1,058 341 717

 Motor vehicle operators ...................................... 814 192 622 1,016 719 297 1,549 764 277 508 819 258 561

 Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and

laborers ............................................................. 906 217 689 1,337 954 383 1,870 928 350 592 1,147 322 825

 Construction laborers ......................................... 142 2 ( ) 111 191 131 2 ( ) 326 170 59 97 259 86 173

Farming, forestry, and fishing ................................. 383 112 270 877 414 463 1,155 510 198 447 1,008 268 740

 Farm operators and managers ............................. 104 2 ( ) 80 458 152 305 370 114 80 175 202 79 123

See footnotes at end of table.

14
Table 3. Census regions and divisions: Employment status of the experienced1 civilian labor force by occupation, 1999 annual

averages — Continued

(Numbers in thousands)

Employment status and occupation

Northeast Midwest South West

Total New

England

Middle

Atlantic Total

East

North

Central

West

North

Central

Total South

Atlantic

East

South

Central

West

South

Central

Total Mountain Pacific

UNEMPLOYED

Managerial and professional specialty ................... 165 39 126 146 104 42 223 116 34 73 235 55 180

 Executive, administrative, and managerial ........... 85 21 64 75 54 21 105 55 14 36 111 25 86

 Professional specialty .......................................... 80 17 63 71 50 22 118 61 20 37 124 30 94

 Engineers ........................................................... 5 2 3 4 4 3 ( ) 12 4 2 6 12 2 10

 Mathematical and computer scientists ............... 6 1 5 6 5 1 12 10 1 1 10 2 8

 Health diagnosing occupations ........................... 2 3 () 2 1 1 2 () 1 3 ( ) 3 ( ) 3 () 1 3 ( ) 3 ( )

 Health assessment and treating occupations ..... 9 3 6 10 7 2 12 6 3 3 8 3 5

 Teachers, except college and university ............ 20 4 16 18 12 7 23 10 4 8 23 7 17

Technical, sales, and administrative support .......... 316 66 249 291 222 70 512 253 85 174 356 88 268

 Technicians and related support .......................... 23 6 16 17 11 6 31 13 9 9 30 5 24

 Health technologists and technicians ................. 9 3 6 7 4 3 12 6 3 3 8 2 6

 Engineering and science technicians ................. 5 2 3 6 5 2 9 3 3 3 11 2 10

 Sales occupations ................................................ 140 32 107 152 116 35 262 131 44 87 161 40 121

 Supervisors and proprietors ............................... 19 5 14 15 11 4 27 16 5 7 22 5 17

 Sales representatives, finance and business

services ............................................................ 19 6 14 18 14 4 19 11 1 7 22 5 17

 Sales representatives, commodities, except

retail .................................................................. 8 1 7 7 5 2 11 6 2 3 8 1 7

 Sales workers, retail and personal services ....... 92 20 72 110 85 26 203 97 36 69 106 28 78

 Administrative support, including clerical .............. 153 27 126 123 94 28 220 109 31 79 166 43 123

 Computer equipment operators .......................... 3 2 () 2 3 2 2 () 3 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 () 3 2 ( ) 2 ( )

 Secretaries, stenographers, and typists ............. 29 6 23 14 12 3 33 15 4 14 24 7 17

 Financial records processing .............................. 15 2 13 11 7 4 16 8 2 6 12 3 9

 Mail and message distributing ............................ 7 1 6 6 5 3 ( ) 10 4 2 () 3 7 1 5

Service occupations ............................................... 212 33 179 232 171 61 380 179 65 136 256 72 184

 Private household ................................................. 14 2 ( ) 12 10 8 2 ( ) 19 11 2 ( ) 5 23 5 19

 Protective service ................................................. 19 2 17 11 8 3 23 11 3 9 19 5 13

 Service, except private household and protective 179 29 150 211 155 56 338 156 59 122 214 62 152

 Food service ....................................................... 87 17 70 120 90 30 181 82 37 63 97 34 63

 Health service ..................................................... 28 4 24 22 16 6 45 18 8 19 28 6 22

 Cleaning and building service ............................. 34 4 31 47 34 13 69 36 7 27 55 15 40

 Personal service ................................................. 30 4 26 21 15 7 41 20 7 14 34 7 27

Precision production, craft, and repair .................... 115 28 86 132 93 39 197 83 40 73 164 40 124

 Mechanics and repairers ...................................... 26 7 19 26 17 10 46 19 6 21 36 8 28

 Construction trades .............................................. 60 16 44 71 52 19 102 45 22 36 96 25 71

Operators, fabricators, and laborers ....................... 221 50 170 284 219 65 432 194 94 144 270 65 204

 Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors .. 77 22 55 107 85 22 162 77 37 49 94 17 77

 Transportation and material moving occupations 46 12 34 53 35 17 81 37 15 30 55 15 40

 Motor vehicle operators ...................................... 39 10 29 30 20 10 57 25 8 24 33 10 23

 Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and

laborers ............................................................. 97 15 82 125 99 26 189 80 42 66 121 33 88

 Construction laborers ......................................... 24 2 ( ) 21 39 32 2 ( ) 46 24 10 12 30 11 20

Farming, forestry, and fishing ................................. 31 5 25 33 23 10 61 29 12 20 124 22 102

 Farm operators and managers ............................. 2 2 () 2 2 1 1 3 3 3 ( ) 3 () 1 1 1

See footnotes at end of table.

15
Table 3. Census regions and divisions: Employment status of the experienced1 civilian labor force by occupation, 1999 annual

averages — Continued

(Numbers in thousands)

Employment status and occupation

Northeast Midwest South West

Total New

England

Middle

Atlantic Total

East

North

Central

West

North

Central

Total South

Atlantic

East

South

Central

West

South

Central

Total Mountain Pacific

UNEMPLOYMENT RATE

Managerial and professional specialty ................... 2.0 1.6 2.1 1.5 1.6 1.4 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.7 2.4 2.1 2.6

 Executive, administrative, and managerial ........... 2.2 1.9 2.3 1.6 1.7 1.5 1.6 1.5 1.3 1.8 2.3 1.9 2.5

 Professional specialty .......................................... 1.8 1.4 2.0 1.5 1.5 1.4 1.7 1.6 1.8 1.7 2.5 2.2 2.7

 Engineers ........................................................... 1.2 1.1 1.3 .8 1.0 .3 1.8 1.2 2.7 2.4 2.3 1.5 2.6

 Mathematical and computer scientists ............... 1.6 .7 2.0 1.4 1.6 .9 1.9 2.6 1.6 .6 2.1 1.7 2.3

 Health diagnosing occupations ........................... .9 .5 1.0 .3 .4 2 ( ) .2 .2 .2 .2 .2 .5 .2

 Health assessment and treating occupations ..... 1.4 1.4 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.0 1.2 1.1 1.7 1.2 1.4 1.8 1.3

 Teachers, except college and university ............ 1.8 1.2 2.1 1.5 1.5 1.7 1.2 1.1 1.3 1.3 2.0 1.9 2.0

Technical, sales, and administrative support .......... 4.1 3.2 4.4 3.1 3.4 2.4 3.6 3.4 3.6 4.0 4.0 3.5 4.2

 Technicians and related support .......................... 2.7 2.6 2.8 1.7 1.6 1.8 1.9 1.5 3.7 1.8 3.0 1.9 3.5

 Health technologists and technicians ................. 2.7 3.5 2.4 1.6 1.3 2.2 1.8 1.8 2.3 1.6 2.3 1.9 2.5

 Engineering and science technicians ................. 2.5 2.9 2.3 2.0 2.4 1.3 2.0 1.2 4.4 2.0 3.5 1.7 4.3

 Sales occupations ................................................ 4.5 3.9 4.7 3.9 4.2 3.0 4.3 4.1 4.3 4.7 4.3 3.7 4.6

 Supervisors and proprietors ............................... 2.2 2.1 2.2 1.3 1.4 1.1 1.5 1.6 1.4 1.2 2.0 1.7 2.1

 Sales representatives, finance and business

services ............................................................ 3.3 3.7 3.2 2.9 3.3 2.0 2.0 2.0 .7 2.8 3.3 2.4 3.7

 Sales representatives, commodities, except

retail .................................................................. 2.9 1.5 3.4 1.6 1.5 1.8 2.2 2.5 2.2 1.8 2.2 1.2 2.6

 Sales workers, retail and personal services ....... 6.9 5.6 7.3 6.5 7.1 5.0 7.4 6.9 7.7 8.0 6.7 5.9 7.1

 Administrative support, including clerical .............. 4.0 2.8 4.5 2.7 3.0 2.0 3.4 3.3 3.0 3.8 3.9 3.7 4.0

 Computer equipment operators .......................... 2.9 2 ( ) 2.3 3.0 3.5 2 ( ) 2.5 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 4.1 2 ( ) 2 ( )

 Secretaries, stenographers, and typists ............. 3.6 3.4 3.7 1.7 2.0 1.0 2.6 2.5 1.8 3.3 3.7 3.4 3.8

 Financial records processing .............................. 3.5 1.9 4.2 2.0 1.8 2.3 2.1 2.1 1.5 2.5 2.3 1.9 2.6

 Mail and message distributing ............................ 3.2 1.9 3.7 2.4 3.2 .6 2.9 2.0 2 ( ) 3.1 3.0 2.3 3.2

Service occupations ............................................... 5.6 3.6 6.3 5.2 5.5 4.7 5.9 5.3 6.4 6.5 5.9 5.5 6.1

 Private household ................................................. 8.4 2 ( ) 9.2 7.6 8.5 2 ( ) 5.9 7.0 2 ( ) 3.9 8.6 9.6 8.3

 Protective service ................................................. 3.5 1.6 4.1 2.2 2.1 2.8 2.5 2.3 1.7 3.3 3.5 3.3 3.5

 Service, except private household and protective 5.8 3.7 6.6 5.6 5.9 4.8 6.5 5.8 7.2 7.2 6.1 5.6 6.3

 Food service ....................................................... 7.2 5.3 7.9 7.4 7.9 6.3 8.2 7.3 10.6 8.5 6.3 7.0 5.9

 Health service ..................................................... 4.2 2.7 4.7 3.4 3.7 2.9 5.2 4.3 5.6 6.5 5.9 4.6 6.3

 Cleaning and building service ............................. 5.4 2.3 6.4 6.2 6.3 6.0 6.4 6.3 4.4 7.2 7.5 6.2 8.1

 Personal service ................................................. 5.3 2.9 6.1 2.8 2.8 2.7 3.9 3.4 4.3 4.6 4.6 2.9 5.4

Precision production, craft, and repair .................... 4.5 3.6 4.8 3.5 3.6 3.4 3.5 2.9 4.0 4.1 5.1 4.1 5.5

 Mechanics and repairers ...................................... 3.1 2.8 3.2 2.2 2.0 2.6 2.5 2.0 2.0 3.5 3.4 2.6 3.7

 Construction trades .............................................. 5.8 5.0 6.1 5.1 5.5 4.3 4.3 3.5 5.5 5.0 7.2 5.7 8.0

Operators, fabricators, and laborers ....................... 6.6 5.8 6.9 5.4 5.6 4.7 6.2 5.7 6.4 6.8 7.1 6.2 7.5

 Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors .. 6.0 5.9 6.0 4.4 4.6 3.8 5.9 5.8 5.7 6.5 6.7 5.2 7.2

 Transportation and material moving occupations 4.5 4.9 4.4 3.7 3.5 4.3 3.7 3.4 3.6 4.2 4.9 4.3 5.2

 Motor vehicle operators ...................................... 4.5 5.1 4.4 2.9 2.7 3.3 3.6 3.2 2.9 4.4 3.8 3.7 3.9

 Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and

laborers ............................................................. 9.7 6.6 10.6 8.5 9.4 6.3 9.2 8.0 10.7 10.1 9.5 9.2 9.6

 Construction laborers ......................................... 14.5 2 ( ) 16.1 16.9 19.8 2 ( ) 12.5 12.2 14.8 11.4 10.5 11.0 10.2

Farming, forestry, and fishing ................................. 7.4 4.5 8.5 3.6 5.2 2.1 5.0 5.4 5.6 4.3 11.0 7.6 12.2

 Farm operators and managers ............................. 1.8 2 ( ) 1.9 .3 .6 .2 .9 2.6 3 ( ) .2 .7 1.0 .5

1 Excludes persons with no previous work experience. 2 Data are not shown when the labor force base does not meet BLS

publication standards of reliability for the particular area, based on the sample in

that area. See appendix B. 3 Less than 500 persons or less than 0.05 percent.

 NOTE: Totals for the summary groups published include other occupations

not shown separately. Items may not add to totals or compute to displayed

percentages because of rounding. Levels incorporate updated 1990

census-based population controls.

16
Table 4. Census regions and divisions: Percent distribution of employed persons by occupation, sex, race, and Hispanic origin,

1999 annual averages

Population group and occupation

Northeast Midwest South West

Total New

England

Middle

Atlantic Total

East

North

Central

West

North

Central

Total South

Atlantic

East

South

Central

West

South

Central

Total Mountain Pacific

TOTAL

Total (in thousands) ................................................ 25,058 6,912 18,145 32,245 22,346 9,899 46,405 24,128 7,836 14,440 29,653 8,483 21,169

 Percent .............................................................. 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

Managerial and professional specialty ................... 32.5 33.7 32.0 28.9 28.9 29.1 29.2 30.1 27.2 28.6 31.8 30.7 32.3

 Executive, administrative, and managerial ........... 15.0 15.6 14.8 14.0 14.1 13.8 14.2 14.9 13.4 13.6 15.8 15.1 16.1

 Professional specialty .......................................... 17.4 18.1 17.2 15.0 14.8 15.3 14.9 15.2 13.8 15.0 16.0 15.6 16.2

 Engineers ........................................................... 1.6 2.1 1.4 1.6 1.7 1.1 1.4 1.4 1.2 1.6 1.8 1.7 1.8

 Mathematical and computer scientists ............... 1.5 1.7 1.4 1.2 1.2 1.3 1.3 1.5 .8 1.2 1.6 1.5 1.7

 Health diagnosing occupations ........................... 1.0 .9 1.0 .8 .8 .7 .8 .8 .8 .8 .7 .6 .8

 Health assessment and treating occupations ..... 2.7 2.8 2.6 2.4 2.4 2.4 2.2 2.2 2.4 2.0 1.9 2.0 1.9

 Teachers, except college and university ............ 4.2 4.1 4.2 3.7 3.6 4.0 4.1 3.7 4.3 4.5 3.9 4.0 3.8

Technical, sales, and administrative support .......... 29.7 29.0 30.0 28.7 28.6 29.1 29.3 29.5 28.8 29.3 28.9 28.8 28.9

 Technicians and related support .......................... 3.2 3.5 3.2 3.2 3.1 3.5 3.4 3.4 3.2 3.4 3.2 3.2 3.2

 Health technologists and technicians ................. 1.3 1.2 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.4 1.3 1.1 1.1 1.1

 Engineering and science technicians ................. .8 1.1 .7 .9 .8 1.2 1.0 1.0 .9 1.1 1.0 1.1 1.0

 Sales occupations ................................................ 11.9 11.7 12.0 11.7 11.9 11.4 12.5 12.7 12.6 12.2 11.9 12.2 11.8

 Supervisors and proprietors ............................... 3.5 3.4 3.5 3.5 3.6 3.4 3.9 3.9 4.1 3.9 3.7 3.5 3.7

 Sales representatives, finance and business

services ............................................................ 2.3 2.2 2.3 1.9 1.9 1.9 2.0 2.2 1.7 1.8 2.1 2.3 2.1

 Sales representatives, commodities, except

retail .................................................................. 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.3 1.3 1.2 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.0 1.1 1.1 1.2

 Sales workers, retail and personal services ....... 5.0 5.0 5.0 4.9 5.0 4.9 5.5 5.5 5.6 5.5 4.9 5.2 4.8

 Administrative support, including clerical .............. 14.6 13.9 14.9 13.8 13.7 14.1 13.4 13.4 13.0 13.7 13.7 13.3 13.9

 Computer equipment operators .......................... .4 .3 .4 .3 .3 .3 .2 .2 .3 .2 .2 .2 .2

 Secretaries, stenographers, and typists ............. 3.1 2.5 3.3 2.6 2.6 2.7 2.6 2.4 2.8 2.7 2.2 2.3 2.1

 Financial records processing .............................. 1.7 1.8 1.6 1.7 1.6 1.8 1.6 1.5 1.9 1.6 1.6 1.8 1.5

 Mail and message distributing ............................ .8 .8 .8 .7 .7 .7 .7 .8 .6 .7 .7 .6 .8

Service occupations ............................................... 14.2 13.1 14.6 13.0 13.2 12.7 13.1 13.1 12.0 13.6 13.7 14.7 13.3

 Private household ................................................. .6 .6 .6 .4 .4 .4 .7 .6 .4 .8 .8 .5 1.0

 Protective service ................................................. 2.0 1.7 2.2 1.5 1.7 1.1 1.9 2.0 1.9 1.9 1.8 1.8 1.7

 Service, except private household and protective 11.5 10.8 11.8 11.1 11.1 11.2 10.5 10.5 9.7 10.9 11.1 12.3 10.6

 Food service ....................................................... 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.6 4.7 4.5 4.4 4.3 3.9 4.7 4.9 5.3 4.7

 Health service ..................................................... 2.5 2.2 2.6 1.9 1.8 2.1 1.8 1.7 1.8 1.9 1.5 1.4 1.6

 Cleaning and building service ............................. 2.4 2.2 2.5 2.2 2.2 2.1 2.2 2.2 1.9 2.4 2.3 2.7 2.1

 Personal service ................................................. 2.1 2.0 2.2 2.4 2.3 2.4 2.2 2.3 2.1 2.0 2.4 2.9 2.2

Precision production, craft, and repair .................... 9.8 10.8 9.4 11.1 11.1 11.0 11.8 11.8 12.2 11.7 10.4 11.2 10.0

 Mechanics and repairers ...................................... 3.3 3.6 3.2 3.7 3.7 3.6 3.9 3.9 3.7 4.0 3.5 3.5 3.5

 Construction trades .............................................. 3.9 4.3 3.7 4.0 4.0 4.2 4.9 5.0 4.8 4.7 4.2 4.9 3.9

Operators, fabricators, and laborers ....................... 12.4 11.8 12.6 15.5 16.4 13.5 14.1 13.4 17.4 13.6 11.8 11.6 11.9

 Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors .. 4.9 5.2 4.7 7.1 7.8 5.6 5.5 5.2 7.7 4.8 4.4 3.8 4.7

 Transportation and material moving occupations 3.9 3.5 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.0 4.6 4.3 5.1 4.7 3.6 4.0 3.4

 Motor vehicle operators ...................................... 3.2 2.8 3.4 3.2 3.2 3.0 3.3 3.2 3.5 3.5 2.8 3.0 2.6

 Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and

laborers ............................................................. 3.6 3.1 3.8 4.1 4.3 3.9 4.0 3.8 4.5 4.1 3.9 3.8 3.9

 Construction laborers ......................................... .6 .5 .6 .6 .6 .6 .7 .7 .8 .7 .9 1.0 .8

Farming, forestry, and fishing ................................. 1.5 1.6 1.5 2.7 1.9 4.7 2.5 2.1 2.5 3.1 3.4 3.2 3.5

 Farm operators and managers ............................. .4 .3 .4 1.4 .7 3.1 .8 .5 1.0 1.2 .7 .9 .6

See footnotes at end of table.

17
Table 4. Census regions and divisions: Percent distribution of employed persons by occupation, sex, race, and Hispanic origin,

1999 annual averages — Continued

Population group and occupation

Northeast Midwest South West

Total New

England

Middle

Atlantic Total

East

North

Central

West

North

Central

Total South

Atlantic

East

South

Central

West

South

Central

Total Mountain Pacific

Men

Total (in thousands) ................................................ 13,265 3,625 9,639 17,175 11,915 5,259 24,776 12,787 4,163 7,825 16,162 4,605 11,557

 Percent .............................................................. 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

Managerial and professional specialty ................... 31.2 32.2 30.8 27.4 27.6 27.0 27.0 28.0 25.4 26.4 30.2 29.1 30.6

 Executive, administrative, and managerial ........... 16.0 16.2 15.9 14.7 14.7 14.6 14.4 15.2 13.8 13.5 15.6 15.0 15.8

 Professional specialty .......................................... 15.2 16.0 14.9 12.8 13.0 12.4 12.6 12.8 11.7 12.9 14.6 14.1 14.9

 Engineers ........................................................... 2.7 3.7 2.4 2.6 3.0 1.9 2.4 2.4 2.0 2.6 2.8 2.7 2.8

 Mathematical and computer scientists ............... 1.9 2.3 1.8 1.6 1.6 1.5 1.6 1.9 1.0 1.6 2.1 1.8 2.2

 Health diagnosing occupations ........................... 1.4 1.3 1.5 1.2 1.2 1.1 1.1 1.0 1.2 1.0 1.0 .8 1.0

 Health assessment and treating occupations ..... .7 .6 .7 .6 .6 .5 .6 .6 .6 .7 .5 .6 .5

 Teachers, except college and university ............ 2.1 1.7 2.2 1.7 1.7 1.8 1.7 1.5 2.0 1.9 2.0 2.3 1.9

Technical, sales, and administrative support .......... 20.7 20.0 20.9 19.0 18.8 19.4 19.4 19.7 18.3 19.4 20.2 19.1 20.6

 Technicians and related support .......................... 3.0 3.2 2.9 2.7 2.5 3.2 2.9 2.9 2.7 3.1 3.1 3.1 3.2

 Health technologists and technicians ................. .5 .4 .5 .4 .4 .3 .5 .5 .4 .4 .5 .4 .5

 Engineering and science technicians ................. 1.2 1.4 1.1 1.3 1.1 1.7 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.4

 Sales occupations ................................................ 11.6 11.2 11.7 11.0 11.1 10.9 11.4 11.6 11.2 11.2 11.1 11.1 11.1

 Supervisors and proprietors ............................... 3.9 3.9 3.9 3.9 3.9 3.8 4.3 4.3 4.5 4.2 4.0 3.8 4.1

 Sales representatives, finance and business

services ............................................................ 2.5 2.3 2.6 2.0 2.0 1.9 2.0 2.2 1.7 1.9 2.3 2.4 2.2

 Sales representatives, commodities, except

retail .................................................................. 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.7 1.8 1.6 1.6 1.5 1.8 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.4

 Sales workers, retail and personal services ....... 3.6 3.5 3.7 3.4 3.3 3.5 3.5 3.6 3.1 3.6 3.3 3.3 3.4

 Administrative support, including clerical .............. 6.1 5.7 6.3 5.3 5.2 5.4 5.1 5.3 4.5 5.1 5.9 4.9 6.4

 Computer equipment operators .......................... .3 .2 .3 .2 .2 .2 .2 .2 .2 .2 .2 .2 .2

 Secretaries, stenographers, and typists ............. .1 1 ( ) .1 .1 .1 .2 .1 .1 1 ( ) .1 .1 .1 .1

 Financial records processing .............................. .3 .3 .3 .3 .2 .4 .3 .3 .3 .1 .3 .2 .3

 Mail and message distributing ............................ 1.0 1.0 1.0 .7 .7 .7 .7 .8 .6 .7 .9 .8 .9

Service occupations ............................................... 11.2 10.1 11.6 9.0 9.1 8.6 9.4 9.9 7.8 9.5 10.6 11.3 10.3

 Private household ................................................. .1 .1 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) .1 1 ( ) 1 ( ) .1 .1 .1

 Protective service ................................................. 3.3 2.7 3.4 2.3 2.5 1.8 2.9 3.0 2.7 2.9 2.7 2.7 2.7

 Service, except private household and protective 7.9 7.3 8.1 6.7 6.6 6.9 6.5 6.9 5.1 6.6 7.8 8.6 7.5

 Food service ....................................................... 3.8 3.6 4.0 3.3 3.3 3.3 3.3 3.5 2.4 3.4 4.2 4.4 4.2

 Health service ..................................................... .5 .4 .5 .4 .3 .5 .3 .3 .4 .4 .4 .3 .4

 Cleaning and building service ............................. 2.8 2.6 2.8 2.3 2.2 2.3 2.1 2.2 1.6 2.1 2.3 2.5 2.2

 Personal service ................................................. .8 .7 .8 .8 .8 .7 .8 .9 .7 .7 .9 1.3 .7

Precision production, craft, and repair .................... 17.0 18.7 16.3 18.8 18.9 18.6 20.1 20.1 20.8 19.8 17.4 18.9 16.7

 Mechanics and repairers ...................................... 5.9 6.6 5.7 6.5 6.5 6.5 7.0 7.1 6.7 7.1 6.1 6.1 6.1

 Construction trades .............................................. 7.3 8.1 6.9 7.4 7.3 7.7 8.9 9.2 8.8 8.4 7.5 8.8 7.0

Operators, fabricators, and laborers ....................... 17.6 16.4 18.1 21.8 22.9 19.4 20.2 19.0 23.8 20.2 16.7 16.9 16.6

 Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors .. 5.6 6.0 5.5 8.7 9.6 6.8 6.4 5.9 8.4 6.1 5.0 4.6 5.2

 Transportation and material moving occupations 6.6 5.9 6.9 7.0 7.1 6.8 7.8 7.4 8.7 8.0 5.9 6.7 5.6

 Motor vehicle operators ...................................... 5.5 4.6 5.8 5.1 5.2 5.0 5.6 5.3 5.9 5.8 4.5 4.9 4.3

 Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and

laborers ............................................................. 5.4 4.6 5.8 6.1 6.2 5.8 6.0 5.8 6.7 6.1 5.7 5.7 5.8

 Construction laborers ......................................... 1.0 .9 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.3 1.2 1.5 1.8 1.4

Farming, forestry, and fishing ................................. 2.3 2.6 2.2 4.0 2.7 6.9 3.8 3.3 3.8 4.6 5.0 4.7 5.1

 Farm operators and managers ............................. .6 .5 .6 2.1 1.0 4.5 1.1 .7 1.4 1.6 .9 1.3 .8

See footnotes at end of table.

18
Table 4. Census regions and divisions: Percent distribution of employed persons by occupation, sex, race, and Hispanic origin,

1999 annual averages — Continued

Population group and occupation

Northeast Midwest South West

Total New

England

Middle

Atlantic Total

East

North

Central

West

North

Central

Total South

Atlantic

East

South

Central

West

South

Central

Total Mountain Pacific

Women

Total (in thousands) ................................................ 11,793 3,287 8,506 15,070 10,431 4,639 21,629 11,341 3,673 6,615 13,491 3,878 9,612

 Percent .............................................................. 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

Managerial and professional specialty ................... 33.9 35.4 33.3 30.7 30.3 31.5 31.6 32.6 29.1 31.2 33.8 32.6 34.2

 Executive, administrative, and managerial ........... 13.9 14.9 13.5 13.2 13.4 12.8 14.0 14.6 12.9 13.6 16.1 15.2 16.4

 Professional specialty .......................................... 20.0 20.5 19.8 17.5 16.9 18.7 17.6 18.0 16.2 17.6 17.7 17.4 17.8

 Engineers ........................................................... .3 .3 .3 .3 .4 .3 .3 .3 .2 .3 .5 .4 .6

 Mathematical and computer scientists ............... 1.0 1.1 1.0 .9 .8 1.0 .9 1.1 .6 .7 1.0 1.0 1.0

 Health diagnosing occupations ........................... .5 .4 .5 .4 .4 .3 .4 .5 .2 .5 .4 .4 .4

 Health assessment and treating occupations ..... 4.9 5.3 4.7 4.5 4.5 4.5 3.9 4.0 4.3 3.6 3.6 3.6 3.6

 Teachers, except college and university ............ 6.6 6.7 6.5 5.9 5.7 6.5 6.8 6.2 6.9 7.7 6.1 6.1 6.0

Technical, sales, and administrative support .......... 39.9 38.9 40.3 39.8 39.8 40.0 40.7 40.6 40.6 41.0 39.3 40.3 38.9

 Technicians and related support .......................... 3.6 3.8 3.5 3.7 3.7 3.9 3.8 4.0 3.7 3.7 3.3 3.4 3.2

 Health technologists and technicians ................. 2.2 2.1 2.2 2.5 2.4 2.5 2.3 2.3 2.6 2.4 1.8 1.9 1.8

 Engineering and science technicians ................. .4 .7 .3 .5 .5 .6 .5 .5 .3 .6 .5 .6 .5

 Sales occupations ................................................ 12.2 12.2 12.2 12.5 12.7 12.0 13.8 14.0 14.2 13.4 12.9 13.5 12.7

 Supervisors and proprietors ............................... 3.0 2.9 3.0 3.1 3.2 2.9 3.5 3.4 3.6 3.5 3.3 3.2 3.3

 Sales representatives, finance and business

services ............................................................ 2.0 2.0 2.0 1.7 1.7 1.7 2.0 2.3 1.7 1.7 2.0 2.2 1.9

 Sales representatives, commodities, except

retail .................................................................. .7 .6 .7 .8 .8 .8 .5 .6 .4 .5 .7 .5 .8

 Sales workers, retail and personal services ....... 6.5 6.6 6.5 6.8 6.8 6.5 7.8 7.6 8.4 7.6 6.8 7.5 6.6

 Administrative support, including clerical .............. 24.1 22.9 24.6 23.6 23.4 24.1 23.1 22.6 22.7 24.0 23.1 23.3 23.0

 Computer equipment operators .......................... .4 .4 .4 .3 .3 .4 .3 .3 .4 .2 .3 .3 .3

 Secretaries, stenographers, and typists ............. 6.4 5.2 6.9 5.5 5.4 5.5 5.4 5.1 5.9 5.8 4.7 5.0 4.5

 Financial records processing .............................. 3.2 3.5 3.1 3.2 3.1 3.5 3.2 2.9 3.6 3.4 3.2 3.6 3.0

 Mail and message distributing ............................ .6 .5 .6 .7 .7 .7 .8 .8 .5 .8 .6 .5 .6

Service occupations ............................................... 17.5 16.4 18.0 17.6 17.8 17.3 17.3 16.7 16.7 18.6 17.4 18.6 16.9

 Private household ................................................. 1.3 1.1 1.3 .8 .8 .8 1.3 1.3 .9 1.8 1.7 1.0 2.0

 Protective service ................................................. .7 .5 .8 .7 .8 .5 .9 .9 .9 .8 .6 .8 .6

 Service, except private household and protective 15.6 14.7 15.9 16.2 16.2 16.0 15.1 14.6 15.0 16.0 15.0 16.8 14.4

 Food service ....................................................... 5.2 5.5 5.1 6.2 6.3 5.8 5.6 5.2 5.7 6.1 5.6 6.4 5.3

 Health service ..................................................... 4.8 4.2 5.0 3.7 3.5 3.9 3.4 3.3 3.4 3.6 2.9 2.8 3.0

 Cleaning and building service ............................. 2.0 1.7 2.1 2.2 2.3 1.9 2.4 2.2 2.2 2.7 2.3 2.9 2.0

 Personal service ................................................. 3.6 3.4 3.7 4.2 4.1 4.4 3.7 3.8 3.7 3.6 4.2 4.7 4.1

Precision production, craft, and repair .................... 1.7 2.1 1.5 2.3 2.3 2.3 2.3 2.4 2.4 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0

 Mechanics and repairers ...................................... .3 .3 .4 .4 .4 .4 .3 .4 .2 .4 .4 .4 .4

 Construction trades .............................................. .1 .2 .1 .2 .2 .3 .3 .3 .3 .3 .2 .3 .2

Operators, fabricators, and laborers ....................... 6.4 6.6 6.3 8.2 8.9 6.8 7.2 7.0 10.1 5.8 6.0 5.2 6.4

 Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors .. 4.0 4.3 3.9 5.3 5.7 4.3 4.5 4.5 7.0 3.3 3.7 2.8 4.0

 Transportation and material moving occupations .8 .8 .9 1.0 1.1 .8 .9 .9 1.1 .9 .8 .9 .7

 Motor vehicle operators ...................................... .8 .7 .8 .9 .9 .7 .8 .7 .9 .8 .7 .8 .7

 Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and

laborers ............................................................. 1.6 1.5 1.6 2.0 2.1 1.7 1.7 1.7 2.0 1.7 1.6 1.6 1.7

 Construction laborers ......................................... 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) .1 .1 .1 1 ( ) .1 .1 .1

Farming, forestry, and fishing ................................. .6 .6 .6 1.3 .9 2.1 1.0 .8 1.1 1.3 1.5 1.3 1.5

 Farm operators and managers ............................. .2 .2 .3 .7 .3 1.5 .4 .2 .6 .7 .4 .5 .4

See footnotes at end of table.

19
Table 4. Census regions and divisions: Percent distribution of employed persons by occupation, sex, race, and Hispanic origin,

1999 annual averages — Continued

Population group and occupation

Northeast Midwest South West

Total New

England

Middle

Atlantic Total

East

North

Central

West

North

Central

Total South

Atlantic

East

South

Central

West

South

Central

Total Mountain Pacific

White

Total (in thousands) ................................................ 21,498 6,395 15,101 28,815 19,588 9,226 36,656 18,386 6,314 11,951 25,167 7,870 17,295

 Percent .............................................................. 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

Managerial and professional specialty ................... 33.4 34.3 33.0 29.3 29.3 29.3 31.2 32.8 29.2 30.0 31.8 31.2 32.1

 Executive, administrative, and managerial ........... 15.7 16.1 15.5 14.4 14.5 14.0 15.5 16.5 14.6 14.5 15.9 15.4 16.2

 Professional specialty .......................................... 17.7 18.1 17.5 14.9 14.8 15.3 15.7 16.3 14.6 15.5 15.9 15.8 15.9

 Engineers ........................................................... 1.6 2.1 1.4 1.6 1.8 1.2 1.5 1.6 1.3 1.6 1.7 1.7 1.7

 Mathematical and computer scientists ............... 1.4 1.6 1.3 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.3 1.5 .8 1.1 1.5 1.4 1.5

 Health diagnosing occupations ........................... 1.0 .9 1.0 .7 .7 .7 .8 .8 .8 .8 .7 .6 .7

 Health assessment and treating occupations ..... 2.6 2.9 2.5 2.4 2.4 2.4 2.3 2.4 2.5 1.9 1.8 2.1 1.7

 Teachers, except college and university ............ 4.4 4.2 4.5 3.7 3.6 4.0 4.3 4.0 4.3 4.7 4.0 4.2 3.9

Technical, sales, and administrative support .......... 29.8 29.2 30.1 28.9 28.7 29.2 29.7 29.9 29.5 29.6 28.3 28.7 28.1

 Technicians and related support .......................... 3.1 3.4 3.0 3.2 3.0 3.5 3.4 3.5 3.3 3.5 3.0 3.2 2.9

 Health technologists and technicians ................. 1.2 1.2 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.4 1.2 1.0 1.1 1.0

 Engineering and science technicians ................. .8 1.1 .7 .9 .8 1.2 1.0 1.0 .9 1.1 .9 1.0 .9

 Sales occupations ................................................ 12.3 11.9 12.4 12.1 12.3 11.6 13.1 13.5 13.2 12.5 11.9 12.3 11.8

 Supervisors and proprietors ............................... 3.7 3.5 3.7 3.7 3.8 3.5 4.3 4.3 4.5 4.1 3.7 3.6 3.7

 Sales representatives, finance and business

services ............................................................ 2.4 2.2 2.5 2.0 2.0 1.9 2.2 2.5 1.9 1.9 2.2 2.4 2.1

 Sales representatives, commodities, except

retail .................................................................. 1.2 1.1 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.4 1.2 1.2 1.1 1.2

 Sales workers, retail and personal services ....... 4.9 4.9 4.9 4.9 4.9 4.8 5.3 5.3 5.4 5.2 4.8 5.1 4.7

 Administrative support, including clerical .............. 14.4 14.0 14.6 13.6 13.4 14.1 13.2 12.9 13.0 13.6 13.3 13.2 13.4

 Computer equipment operators .......................... .3 .3 .3 .3 .3 .3 .2 .2 .3 .2 .2 .2 .2

 Secretaries, stenographers, and typists ............. 3.1 2.6 3.4 2.7 2.6 2.7 2.7 2.5 2.9 2.9 2.2 2.4 2.1

 Financial records processing .............................. 1.7 1.8 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.9 1.7 1.6 2.0 1.7 1.6 1.8 1.5

 Mail and message distributing ............................ .7 .7 .8 .6 .6 .7 .6 .7 .5 .6 .6 .6 .6

Service occupations ............................................... 12.8 12.6 12.9 12.2 12.3 12.2 11.1 10.9 10.0 12.1 13.3 14.2 13.0

 Private household ................................................. .6 .6 .6 .4 .4 .4 .6 .5 .4 .8 .9 .5 1.0

 Protective service ................................................. 1.9 1.7 2.0 1.4 1.6 1.1 1.7 1.8 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.7

 Service, except private household and protective 10.3 10.4 10.3 10.4 10.3 10.7 8.8 8.6 8.1 9.7 10.7 11.9 10.2

 Food service ....................................................... 4.4 4.5 4.4 4.6 4.7 4.5 4.0 3.9 3.6 4.4 4.8 5.2 4.7

 Health service ..................................................... 1.8 1.9 1.8 1.6 1.4 1.9 1.2 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.3 1.4 1.3

 Cleaning and building service ............................. 2.1 2.0 2.1 2.0 2.0 1.9 1.7 1.5 1.4 2.1 2.2 2.5 2.0

 Personal service ................................................. 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.2 2.2 2.3 1.9 2.0 1.9 1.8 2.4 2.8 2.2

Precision production, craft, and repair .................... 10.3 10.9 10.1 11.6 11.7 11.3 12.6 12.7 12.8 12.5 10.8 11.3 10.5

 Mechanics and repairers ...................................... 3.5 3.6 3.4 3.8 3.9 3.7 4.2 4.3 3.8 4.2 3.6 3.6 3.6

 Construction trades .............................................. 4.2 4.5 4.1 4.3 4.3 4.4 5.4 5.6 5.2 5.2 4.6 5.1 4.3

Operators, fabricators, and laborers ....................... 12.0 11.3 12.3 15.1 15.9 13.2 12.5 11.4 15.7 12.6 12.0 11.3 12.3

 Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors .. 4.7 4.8 4.6 6.8 7.6 5.3 4.7 4.3 6.7 4.4 4.4 3.7 4.7

 Transportation and material moving occupations 3.8 3.4 4.0 4.2 4.2 4.0 4.2 3.8 4.9 4.4 3.7 3.9 3.6

 Motor vehicle operators ...................................... 3.1 2.7 3.3 3.1 3.1 3.1 3.1 2.8 3.5 3.2 2.8 3.0 2.8

 Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and

laborers ............................................................. 3.5 3.0 3.7 4.0 4.2 3.8 3.6 3.3 4.1 3.7 3.9 3.7 4.0

 Construction laborers ......................................... .6 .5 .6 .6 .6 .6 .7 .7 .8 .7 .9 1.0 .9

Farming, forestry, and fishing ................................. 1.7 1.7 1.7 3.0 2.0 4.9 2.7 2.3 2.8 3.3 3.8 3.3 4.0

 Farm operators and managers ............................. .5 .4 .5 1.6 .8 3.3 1.0 .6 1.2 1.4 .8 1.0 .7

See footnotes at end of table.

20
Table 4. Census regions and divisions: Percent distribution of employed persons by occupation, sex, race, and Hispanic origin,

1999 annual averages — Continued

Population group and occupation

Northeast Midwest South West

Total New

England

Middle

Atlantic Total

East

North

Central

West

North

Central

Total South

Atlantic

East

South

Central

West

South

Central

Total Mountain Pacific

Black

Total (in thousands) ................................................ 2,579 355 2,225 2,669 2,231 439 8,471 5,073 1,447 1,956 1,319 234 1,086

 Percent .............................................................. 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

Managerial and professional specialty ................... 22.6 22.0 22.6 22.0 21.4 25.1 19.7 19.9 17.9 20.4 29.6 22.9 31.1

 Executive, administrative, and managerial ........... 9.5 8.0 9.8 9.9 9.8 10.3 9.2 9.7 8.4 8.8 14.3 13.2 14.6

 Professional specialty .......................................... 13.0 14.0 12.8 12.1 11.6 14.8 10.5 10.3 9.6 11.6 15.3 9.7 16.5

 Engineers ........................................................... .6 1.3 .5 .9 1.0 .6 .5 .5 .4 .6 .9 1.1 .9

 Mathematical and computer scientists ............... .8 .9 .8 .9 .9 1.2 .8 1.0 .5 .6 1.7 1.8 1.7

 Health diagnosing occupations ........................... .3 .2 .3 .5 .5 .2 .2 .2 .3 .3 .5 .5 .5

 Health assessment and treating occupations ..... 2.9 2.5 2.9 1.6 1.7 .8 1.6 1.3 1.7 2.3 1.6 .3 1.9

 Teachers, except college and university ............ 3.1 2.7 3.2 3.5 3.3 4.3 3.5 2.9 4.5 4.3 4.2 2.0 4.7

Technical, sales, and administrative support .......... 30.2 27.5 30.7 28.7 28.7 28.8 27.9 28.3 25.7 28.6 33.4 36.2 32.8

 Technicians and related support .......................... 3.4 4.4 3.2 2.9 2.9 2.9 2.9 3.1 2.4 2.9 4.1 3.7 4.1

 Health technologists and technicians ................. 1.8 2.2 1.8 1.7 1.7 1.8 1.6 1.5 1.5 1.9 1.5 1.0 1.6

 Engineering and science technicians ................. .7 1.0 .6 .6 .5 1.1 .9 1.0 .7 .8 1.3 1.5 1.3

 Sales occupations ................................................ 8.6 8.0 8.8 8.8 8.6 9.8 9.6 9.4 9.6 10.2 10.0 12.5 9.4

 Supervisors and proprietors ............................... 1.8 1.9 1.8 1.9 1.9 2.0 2.0 1.9 2.2 2.2 2.1 1.9 2.2

 Sales representatives, finance and business

services ............................................................ 1.3 .6 1.4 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.2 1.4 1.0 1.0 2.4 2.5 2.3

 Sales representatives, commodities, except

retail .................................................................. .1 .1 .1 .3 .2 .4 .3 .4 .1 .1 .7 .7 .7

 Sales workers, retail and personal services ....... 5.4 5.4 5.3 5.4 5.3 6.2 6.0 5.6 6.2 6.9 4.7 7.2 4.2

 Administrative support, including clerical .............. 18.2 15.1 18.7 17.0 17.2 16.1 15.4 15.8 13.7 15.4 19.3 20.0 19.2

 Computer equipment operators .......................... .7 .5 .7 .3 .3 .5 .2 .2 .3 .1 .3 .3 .3

 Secretaries, stenographers, and typists ............. 3.1 1.7 3.4 2.4 2.5 1.6 2.2 2.1 2.4 2.1 2.2 1.7 2.3

 Financial records processing .............................. 1.3 1.6 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.0 1.5 1.5 1.5

 Mail and message distributing ............................ 1.2 1.0 1.2 1.9 1.9 2.2 1.3 1.4 .7 1.5 1.2 2.0 1.1

Service occupations ............................................... 25.9 22.9 26.4 21.6 21.5 22.6 21.1 20.8 20.4 22.4 18.1 21.1 17.4

 Private household ................................................. 1.1 .8 1.2 .3 .3 .3 1.0 1.1 .5 1.0 .7 .2 .7

 Protective service ................................................. 3.5 2.6 3.7 2.8 3.0 2.1 3.2 2.8 3.5 3.8 3.6 4.1 3.5

 Service, except private household and protective 21.2 19.5 21.5 18.5 18.2 20.2 17.0 16.9 16.3 17.6 13.8 16.7 13.2

 Food service ....................................................... 4.2 3.8 4.2 4.5 4.4 4.5 5.2 5.1 5.1 5.7 3.8 5.5 3.4

 Health service ..................................................... 8.8 8.6 8.8 5.8 5.7 6.6 4.3 4.1 4.2 5.1 3.8 2.8 4.0

 Cleaning and building service ............................. 5.1 5.7 5.0 4.5 4.2 5.9 4.4 4.6 4.1 3.9 3.1 4.7 2.7

 Personal service ................................................. 3.2 1.4 3.5 3.8 3.9 3.2 3.0 3.2 3.0 2.8 3.2 3.7 3.1

Precision production, craft, and repair .................... 6.4 9.3 5.9 7.3 7.5 6.4 8.5 8.8 9.7 7.0 6.8 4.4 7.4

 Mechanics and repairers ...................................... 2.2 2.4 2.2 2.3 2.2 2.3 2.8 2.8 2.8 2.7 3.4 1.2 3.8

 Construction trades .............................................. 2.4 3.7 2.2 1.8 1.9 1.3 3.1 3.3 3.3 2.4 2.3 1.6 2.5

Operators, fabricators, and laborers ....................... 14.4 17.8 13.8 19.7 20.3 16.5 21.2 20.8 24.8 19.6 11.4 15.3 10.5

 Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors .. 5.1 7.2 4.8 9.2 9.5 7.7 8.7 8.5 12.5 6.4 2.2 3.1 2.0

 Transportation and material moving occupations 4.7 5.0 4.6 5.1 5.4 3.6 6.5 6.4 6.3 7.0 5.1 7.2 4.7

 Motor vehicle operators ...................................... 4.2 4.0 4.2 3.8 4.0 2.6 4.8 4.8 4.0 5.5 4.4 6.2 4.0

 Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and

laborers ............................................................. 4.6 5.6 4.5 5.4 5.4 5.2 6.0 5.9 6.1 6.2 4.0 5.0 3.8

 Construction laborers ......................................... .6 .2 .6 .4 .4 .3 .8 .9 .8 .7 .5 .9 .4

Farming, forestry, and fishing ................................. .6 .4 .6 .6 .6 .7 1.5 1.3 1.6 2.0 .7 .1 .8

 Farm operators and managers ............................. 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) .1 1 ( ) .2 .1 1 ( ) .2 .2 .1 1 ( ) .1

See footnotes at end of table.

21
Table 4. Census regions and divisions: Percent distribution of employed persons by occupation, sex, race, and Hispanic origin,

1999 annual averages — Continued

Population group and occupation

Northeast Midwest South West

Total New

England

Middle

Atlantic Total

East

North

Central

West

North

Central

Total South

Atlantic

East

South

Central

West

South

Central

Total Mountain Pacific

Hispanic origin

Total (in thousands) ................................................ 1,959 323 1,637 1,093 869 224 4,748 1,782 85 2,870 5,898 1,415 4,483

 Percent .............................................................. 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

Managerial and professional specialty ................... 16.1 15.0 16.3 12.2 12.0 13.0 17.1 19.2 19.3 15.7 13.2 14.2 12.8

 Executive, administrative, and managerial ........... 8.6 5.3 9.2 7.0 6.7 8.2 8.8 10.4 7.3 7.9 7.3 7.6 7.2

 Professional specialty .......................................... 7.6 9.7 7.1 5.2 5.3 4.8 8.3 8.8 12.0 7.8 5.8 6.5 5.6

 Engineers ........................................................... .4 .7 .3 .6 .7 .3 .6 .5 1.7 .7 .5 .9 .4

 Mathematical and computer scientists ............... .7 .7 .7 .6 .6 .4 .5 .7 1.2 .3 .4 .3 .5

 Health diagnosing occupations ........................... .5 .7 .5 .1 .1 .2 .5 .8 1.2 .2 .2 .1 .2

 Health assessment and treating occupations ..... .9 1.1 .9 .8 .8 .6 .8 1.0 1.8 .7 .6 .8 .6

 Teachers, except college and university ............ 1.6 2.6 1.4 1.0 1.2 .1 2.7 2.3 1.2 3.1 1.9 2.2 1.9

Technical, sales, and administrative support .......... 24.4 21.7 25.0 20.5 21.3 17.3 25.4 26.4 19.4 24.9 23.3 23.9 23.1

 Technicians and related support .......................... 1.9 2.5 1.8 1.8 1.6 2.6 2.3 2.1 1.7 2.4 1.9 1.9 2.0

 Health technologists and technicians ................. .9 .9 .9 .6 .6 .8 1.0 .9 1.7 1.1 .9 .7 .9

 Engineering and science technicians ................. .4 .8 .4 .4 .2 1.3 .8 .5 1 ( ) 1.1 .5 .7 .4

 Sales occupations ................................................ 9.0 8.6 9.1 8.5 8.8 7.6 10.5 11.3 8.1 10.1 8.4 9.9 8.0

 Supervisors and proprietors ............................... 2.7 2.4 2.8 2.3 2.4 1.7 2.6 2.8 3.5 2.5 2.2 2.4 2.1

 Sales representatives, finance and business

services ............................................................ 1.0 .7 1.1 .9 1.0 .6 1.3 1.7 .6 1.1 .7 1.2 .6

 Sales representatives, commodities, except

retail .................................................................. .5 .4 .5 .7 .5 1.2 .6 .9 .2 .5 .6 1.0 .5

 Sales workers, retail and personal services ....... 4.8 5.2 4.7 4.6 4.8 4.1 5.9 5.8 3.8 6.0 4.9 5.3 4.8

 Administrative support, including clerical .............. 13.5 10.7 14.0 10.2 11.0 7.2 12.6 13.0 9.7 12.5 12.9 12.2 13.2

 Computer equipment operators .......................... .2 .1 .3 .3 .4 .2 .2 .1 1 ( ) .2 .2 .2 .2

 Secretaries, stenographers, and typists ............. 2.7 1.3 3.0 1.3 1.3 1.5 1.9 1.8 1 ( ) 2.0 1.9 2.1 1.8

 Financial records processing .............................. 1.2 1.3 1.1 .3 .4 .1 1.3 1.7 2.3 1.0 .9 1.1 .8

 Mail and message distributing ............................ .7 .3 .8 .3 .2 .5 .7 .7 .5 .7 .6 .7 .6

Service occupations ............................................... 24.6 27.0 24.1 20.0 19.5 22.2 18.2 16.8 12.4 19.3 19.4 22.0 18.6

 Private household ................................................. 1.9 2.2 1.8 .2 .2 .5 1.7 1.7 1 ( ) 1.7 2.1 .8 2.5

 Protective service ................................................. 2.2 2.5 2.1 1.4 1.4 1.3 1.2 1.3 .2 1.1 1.5 1.8 1.3

 Service, except private household and protective 20.5 22.3 20.2 18.4 17.9 20.3 15.4 13.8 12.2 16.4 15.8 19.4 14.7

 Food service ....................................................... 7.1 6.4 7.3 10.1 10.4 8.7 6.9 5.9 6.4 7.5 7.2 8.8 6.7

 Health service ..................................................... 3.3 4.0 3.2 1.2 1.1 1.4 1.7 1.3 .8 2.0 1.5 1.5 1.5

 Cleaning and building service ............................. 7.1 9.3 6.7 4.8 4.1 7.1 4.7 4.2 2.4 5.1 4.8 6.0 4.4

 Personal service ................................................. 3.0 2.7 3.0 2.4 2.2 3.1 2.0 2.4 2.6 1.8 2.3 3.1 2.0

Precision production, craft, and repair .................... 9.7 11.7 9.3 12.5 11.4 16.6 16.1 14.5 15.1 17.1 13.1 14.4 12.8

 Mechanics and repairers ...................................... 2.8 3.4 2.7 2.4 2.3 2.5 3.8 3.6 2.2 4.0 3.7 3.4 3.9

 Construction trades .............................................. 3.9 3.7 4.0 5.0 4.9 5.1 8.6 8.3 7.9 8.8 5.6 7.1 5.1

Operators, fabricators, and laborers ....................... 23.5 22.6 23.6 32.1 32.9 28.9 18.8 18.0 22.4 19.2 22.1 18.6 23.2

 Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors .. 11.4 12.6 11.1 18.5 19.2 15.8 7.4 7.2 11.5 7.4 9.9 6.0 11.2

 Transportation and material moving occupations 5.5 2.4 6.1 4.5 4.8 3.7 4.6 4.1 3.9 4.9 4.8 4.4 4.9

 Motor vehicle operators ...................................... 4.9 2.2 5.5 2.9 3.0 2.6 3.5 3.4 1.4 3.6 3.8 3.5 4.0

 Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and

laborers ............................................................. 6.7 7.7 6.5 9.0 9.0 9.4 6.9 6.7 6.9 6.9 7.4 8.2 7.1

 Construction laborers ......................................... 1.1 .4 1.3 1.5 1.7 .5 1.6 1.5 1.4 1.6 2.0 3.0 1.7

Farming, forestry, and fishing ................................. 1.7 1.9 1.6 2.7 2.9 2.0 4.4 5.0 11.4 3.8 8.9 6.8 9.5

 Farm operators and managers ............................. 1 ( ) .1 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) .2 .1 1 ( ) .3 .4 .3 .4

1 Less than 500 persons or less than 0.05 percent.

 NOTE: Items may not add to totals or compute to displayed percentages

because of rounding. Detail for race and Hispanic-origin groups will not add to

totals because data for the "other races" group are not presented and Hispanics

are included in both the white and black population groups. Levels incorporate

updated 1990 census-based population controls.

22 
Table 5. Census regions and divisions: Employment status of the experienced1 civilian labor force for private nonagricultural wage and

salary workers, excluding private household workers, by industry, 1999 annual averages

(Numbers in thousands)

Employment status and industry

Northeast Midwest South West

Total New

England

Middle

Atlantic Total

East

North

Central

West

North

Central

Total South

Atlantic

East

South

Central

West

South

Central

Total Mountain Pacific

CIVILIAN LABOR FORCE

 Total ................................................................... 20,350 5,571 14,778 26,296 18,700 7,596 36,597 19,066 6,248 11,282 22,659 6,549 16,108

Mining ..................................................................... 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 64 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 344 2 ( ) 59 236 133 87 2 ( )

Construction ........................................................... 1,145 306 839 1,653 1,132 521 2,892 1,537 484 871 1,741 589 1,152

Manufacturing ......................................................... 3,640 1,123 2,517 6,249 4,749 1,501 6,658 3,296 1,484 1,879 3,786 864 2,923

 Durable goods ...................................................... 2,080 738 1,342 4,184 3,291 893 3,647 1,703 900 1,045 2,529 584 1,946

 Lumber and wood products ................................ 92 2 ( ) 59 157 111 2 ( ) 338 150 115 73 206 52 154

 Furniture and fixtures .......................................... 87 2 ( ) 74 216 164 2 ( ) 269 126 98 2 ( ) 89 2 ( ) 68

 Stone, clay, and glass products .......................... 110 2 ( ) 92 196 144 2 ( ) 227 113 2 ( ) 66 103 2 ( ) 73

 Primary metal industries ..................................... 136 2 ( ) 105 342 297 2 ( ) 204 80 62 63 92 2 ( ) 65

 Fabricated metal products .................................. 206 76 130 516 412 104 392 175 87 130 207 52 155

 Machinery and computing equipment ................. 435 155 279 867 645 221 716 313 145 257 461 113 348

 Electrical machinery, equipment, and supplies .. 376 152 223 488 377 111 576 294 114 168 509 118 391

 Transportation equipment ................................... 230 105 124 1,044 894 149 600 275 176 150 487 87 400

 Motor vehicles .................................................. 82 2 ( ) 67 871 799 73 325 129 137 59 80 2 ( ) 60

 Professional and photographic equipment, and

watches, etc. ..................................................... 235 86 149 176 102 74 156 90 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 192 43 149

 Nondurable goods ................................................ 1,560 385 1,175 2,066 1,458 608 3,011 1,593 584 834 1,257 281 977

 Food and kindred products ................................. 242 2 ( ) 201 502 293 210 638 265 131 242 311 96 215

 Textile mill products ............................................ 76 2 ( ) 48 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 417 364 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

 Apparel and other textile products ...................... 190 2 ( ) 173 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 286 133 90 63 224 2 ( ) 208

 Paper and allied products ................................... 111 48 63 217 163 2 ( ) 253 123 71 59 73 2 ( ) 63

 Printing and publishing ....................................... 426 115 311 483 318 165 510 298 69 143 325 84 241

 Chemicals and allied products ............................ 310 58 252 347 271 75 445 205 73 166 151 39 113

Transportation, communications, and public

utilities ............................................................... 1,471 342 1,129 1,719 1,171 548 2,906 1,497 429 979 1,645 491 1,154

 Transportation ...................................................... 920 202 718 1,083 756 327 1,794 906 285 603 1,001 276 726

 Communications and other public utilities ............ 551 140 411 635 415 220 1,112 592 143 376 643 215 428

Wholesale and retail trade ...................................... 4,947 1,347 3,600 6,677 4,695 1,981 9,651 4,967 1,623 3,059 5,942 1,739 4,202

 Wholesale trade .................................................... 857 206 651 1,276 850 426 1,680 850 281 549 1,221 314 907

 Retail trade ........................................................... 4,090 1,141 2,948 5,401 3,845 1,556 7,971 4,118 1,343 2,510 4,720 1,426 3,295

Finance, insurance, and real estate ....................... 1,814 473 1,341 1,884 1,290 594 2,697 1,520 395 782 1,732 506 1,226

Services, excluding private households ................. 7,295 1,975 5,320 8,050 5,623 2,427 11,449 6,200 1,775 3,475 7,680 2,274 5,406

 Professional services ............................................ 4,843 1,326 3,517 5,070 3,525 1,545 6,947 3,685 1,168 2,094 4,133 1,180 2,953

 Educational services ........................................... 779 221 558 700 471 228 788 416 130 242 548 134 414

 Health services, including hospitals .................... 2,353 642 1,711 2,675 1,876 800 3,422 1,758 621 1,043 1,861 545 1,317

EMPLOYED

 Total ................................................................... 19,448 5,376 14,071 25,327 17,973 7,355 35,053 18,343 5,966 10,743 21,567 6,278 15,287

Mining ..................................................................... 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 60 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 326 2 ( ) 56 223 125 84 2 ( )

Construction ........................................................... 1,055 286 768 1,528 1,039 489 2,720 1,463 447 810 1,608 551 1,058

Manufacturing ......................................................... 3,490 1,084 2,406 6,084 4,621 1,463 6,405 3,169 1,428 1,809 3,617 833 2,784

 Durable goods ...................................................... 2,004 714 1,290 4,073 3,200 873 3,515 1,639 866 1,011 2,414 564 1,851

 Lumber and wood products ................................ 85 2 ( ) 53 152 108 2 ( ) 321 140 111 71 192 48 144

 Furniture and fixtures .......................................... 85 2 ( ) 72 212 161 2 ( ) 255 117 94 2 ( ) 84 2 ( ) 63

 Stone, clay, and glass products .......................... 106 2 ( ) 89 191 141 2 ( ) 221 110 2 ( ) 65 100 2 ( ) 71

 Primary metal industries ..................................... 133 2 ( ) 102 335 290 2 ( ) 199 78 59 62 88 2 ( ) 62

 Fabricated metal products .................................. 196 74 123 500 400 101 375 167 83 125 195 50 146

 Machinery and computing equipment ................. 421 151 270 847 630 217 694 304 139 250 439 110 329

 Electrical machinery, equipment, and supplies .. 364 150 214 472 363 108 559 285 111 164 490 116 374

 Transportation equipment ................................... 221 102 119 1,016 870 147 583 268 172 144 471 84 387

 Motor vehicles .................................................. 79 2 ( ) 64 847 776 71 317 126 134 57 76 2 ( ) 57

 Professional and photographic equipment, and

watches, etc. ..................................................... 226 81 145 174 101 73 150 88 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 184 40 143

 Nondurable goods ................................................ 1,486 370 1,116 2,010 1,420 590 2,890 1,530 562 799 1,202 270 933

 Food and kindred products ................................. 229 2 ( ) 190 488 285 203 610 256 124 230 293 91 202

 Textile mill products ............................................ 70 2 ( ) 44 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 398 348 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

 Apparel and other textile products ...................... 174 2 ( ) 160 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 255 120 81 55 209 2 ( ) 194

 Paper and allied products ................................... 105 46 59 212 160 2 ( ) 248 122 70 56 72 2 ( ) 62

See footnotes at end of table.

23
Table 5. Census regions and divisions: Employment status of the experienced1 civilian labor force for private nonagricultural wage and

salary workers, excluding private household workers, by industry, 1999 annual averages — Continued

(Numbers in thousands)

Employment status and industry

Northeast Midwest South West

Total New

England

Middle

Atlantic Total

East

North

Central

West

North

Central

Total South

Atlantic

East

South

Central

West

South

Central

Total Mountain Pacific

EMPLOYED–Continued

 Printing and publishing ....................................... 413 112 301 472 312 161 497 290 67 140 313 81 232

 Chemicals and allied products ............................ 302 56 246 338 264 75 437 202 72 163 148 38 110

Transportation, communications, and public

utilities ............................................................... 1,425 333 1,093 1,673 1,136 536 2,830 1,465 419 945 1,578 473 1,104

 Transportation ...................................................... 886 196 690 1,047 727 320 1,743 885 279 578 960 265 695

 Communications and other public utilities ............ 539 137 403 626 409 217 1,087 581 140 367 618 208 409

Wholesale and retail trade ...................................... 4,680 1,290 3,390 6,366 4,456 1,910 9,131 4,724 1,527 2,879 5,618 1,653 3,964

 Wholesale trade .................................................... 827 198 629 1,249 830 419 1,629 823 273 533 1,173 306 866

 Retail trade ........................................................... 3,853 1,092 2,761 5,117 3,626 1,491 7,502 3,901 1,254 2,347 4,445 1,347 3,098

Finance, insurance, and real estate ....................... 1,765 465 1,301 1,851 1,264 587 2,638 1,485 390 764 1,682 495 1,187

Services, excluding private households ................. 6,999 1,915 5,084 7,765 5,419 2,345 11,002 5,991 1,699 3,312 7,340 2,189 5,150

 Professional services ............................................ 4,702 1,294 3,408 4,961 3,446 1,514 6,771 3,611 1,136 2,024 4,015 1,150 2,864

 Educational services ........................................... 751 215 536 683 458 225 768 405 127 236 524 129 395

 Health services, including hospitals .................... 2,294 629 1,665 2,620 1,838 782 3,339 1,728 606 1,005 1,813 532 1,281

UNEMPLOYED

 Total ................................................................... 902 195 707 969 727 242 1,544 723 282 539 1,092 271 821

Mining ..................................................................... 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 () 4 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 18 2 ( ) 3 12 8 4 2 ( )

Construction ........................................................... 91 20 71 124 93 32 172 74 37 61 133 38 95

Manufacturing ......................................................... 150 39 111 166 128 38 252 127 56 70 170 31 139

 Durable goods ...................................................... 76 24 53 110 90 20 132 64 34 35 115 20 95

 Lumber and wood products ................................ 7 2 () 6 4 3 2 ( ) 17 10 4 2 13 4 9

 Furniture and fixtures .......................................... 2 2 () 2 4 4 2 ( ) 14 8 3 2 () 6 2 () 5

 Stone, clay, and glass products .......................... 5 2 () 4 5 3 2 () 6 3 2 () 2 3 2 () 2

 Primary metal industries ..................................... 3 2 () 3 7 7 2 () 5 2 2 1 4 2 () 3

 Fabricated metal products .................................. 10 3 7 15 12 3 16 7 4 5 12 2 9

 Machinery and computing equipment ................. 13 5 9 20 15 5 22 9 6 7 22 3 19

 Electrical machinery, equipment, and supplies .. 12 2 9 17 14 3 17 9 4 4 20 3 17

 Transportation equipment ................................... 8 4 5 27 25 3 17 7 4 5 16 3 14

 Motor vehicles .................................................. 3 2 ( ) 2 24 22 2 8 3 3 2 4 2 () 3

 Professional and photographic equipment, and

watches, etc. ..................................................... 8 5 4 2 1 1 6 2 2 ( ) 2 () 8 2 6

 Nondurable goods ................................................ 74 15 59 55 37 18 121 63 22 35 55 11 44

 Food and kindred products ................................. 13 2 ( ) 11 14 8 7 28 9 7 13 18 5 13

 Textile mill products ............................................ 6 2 () 4 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 18 17 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

 Apparel and other textile products ...................... 16 2 ( ) 14 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 31 13 9 9 15 2 ( ) 13

 Paper and allied products ................................... 6 2 4 5 3 2 () 5 1 1 3 2 2 () 1

 Printing and publishing ....................................... 13 3 10 10 6 4 13 8 2 4 11 3 9

 Chemicals and allied products ............................ 8 2 6 8 8 3 () 8 4 1 3 3 3 () 3

Transportation, communications, and public

utilities ............................................................... 46 9 37 46 35 11 76 32 10 34 67 17 50

 Transportation ...................................................... 34 6 28 37 29 8 52 21 6 25 42 11 31

 Communications and other public utilities ............ 12 3 9 9 5 4 24 11 4 10 26 7 19

Wholesale and retail trade ...................................... 267 57 210 310 239 71 520 243 96 180 324 86 238

 Wholesale trade .................................................... 30 8 22 27 20 7 51 26 8 16 48 7 41

 Retail trade ........................................................... 237 49 188 284 219 65 469 217 88 164 276 79 197

Finance, insurance, and real estate ....................... 49 8 41 33 26 7 59 36 5 19 50 11 39

Services, excluding private households ................. 296 60 236 286 204 82 447 209 76 163 340 84 256

 Professional services ............................................ 141 32 109 110 79 31 176 74 32 70 119 30 89

 Educational services ........................................... 28 6 22 17 14 3 19 11 3 6 24 5 19

 Health services, including hospitals .................... 59 13 46 55 38 17 83 30 15 38 48 12 35

UNEMPLOYMENT RATE

 Total ................................................................... 4.4 3.5 4.8 3.7 3.9 3.2 4.2 3.8 4.5 4.8 4.8 4.1 5.1

Mining ..................................................................... 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 6.6 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 5.2 2 ( ) 4.5 5.2 6.1 4.1 2 ( )

See footnotes at end of table.

24
Table 5. Census regions and divisions: Employment status of the experienced1 civilian labor force for private nonagricultural wage and

salary workers, excluding private household workers, by industry, 1999 annual averages — Continued

(Numbers in thousands)

Employment status and industry

Northeast Midwest South West

Total New

England

Middle

Atlantic Total

East

North

Central

West

North

Central

Total South

Atlantic

East

South

Central

West

South

Central

Total Mountain Pacific

UNEMPLOYMENT RATE–Continued

Construction ........................................................... 7.9 6.6 8.4 7.5 8.2 6.1 5.9 4.8 7.6 7.0 7.6 6.5 8.2

Manufacturing ......................................................... 4.1 3.5 4.4 2.7 2.7 2.5 3.8 3.8 3.8 3.7 4.5 3.6 4.8

 Durable goods ...................................................... 3.7 3.2 3.9 2.6 2.7 2.2 3.6 3.7 3.7 3.3 4.6 3.4 4.9

 Lumber and wood products ................................ 7.6 2 ( ) 10.4 2.7 2.7 2 ( ) 4.9 6.7 3.7 3.2 6.4 7.5 6.1

 Furniture and fixtures .......................................... 2.6 2 ( ) 2.1 2.1 2.1 2 ( ) 5.1 6.6 3.6 2 ( ) 6.3 2 ( ) 7.7

 Stone, clay, and glass products .......................... 4.5 2 ( ) 4.2 2.4 2.3 2 ( ) 2.6 2.4 2 ( ) 2.3 3.0 2 ( ) 2.5

 Primary metal industries ..................................... 2.2 2 ( ) 2.7 2.1 2.2 2 ( ) 2.6 2.7 3.8 1.4 4.4 2 ( ) 5.1

 Fabricated metal products .................................. 4.7 3.7 5.4 2.9 2.9 3.1 4.1 4.1 4.2 4.1 5.6 4.6 5.9

 Machinery and computing equipment ................. 3.1 3.0 3.1 2.3 2.4 2.2 3.1 2.9 4.3 2.6 4.7 2.2 5.5

 Electrical machinery, equipment, and supplies .. 3.1 1.6 4.1 3.5 3.8 2.4 2.9 3.1 3.2 2.3 3.8 2.2 4.3

 Transportation equipment ................................... 3.7 3.4 4.0 2.6 2.7 1.9 2.8 2.7 2.2 3.6 3.4 3.1 3.4

 Motor vehicles .................................................. 3.2 2 ( ) 3.6 2.8 2.8 2.5 2.4 2.4 2.4 2.7 5.2 2 ( ) 4.4

 Professional and photographic equipment, and

watches, etc. ..................................................... 3.6 5.6 2.4 .9 .9 .9 3.7 2.1 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 4.3 5.3 4.0

 Nondurable goods ................................................ 4.7 4.0 5.0 2.7 2.6 2.9 4.0 4.0 3.8 4.2 4.4 3.8 4.5

 Food and kindred products ................................. 5.5 2 ( ) 5.5 2.8 2.6 3.2 4.5 3.3 5.1 5.3 5.7 5.1 6.0

 Textile mill products ............................................ 7.9 2 ( ) 8.2 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 4.4 4.6 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

 Apparel and other textile products ...................... 8.3 2 ( ) 7.9 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 10.7 9.8 10.1 13.6 6.6 2 ( ) 6.4

 Paper and allied products ................................... 5.6 4.1 6.7 2.3 2.1 2 ( ) 2.1 1.1 1.8 4.5 2.2 2 ( ) 2.1

 Printing and publishing ....................................... 3.1 2.5 3.4 2.1 1.9 2.5 2.6 2.7 2.4 2.5 3.5 3.2 3.6

 Chemicals and allied products ............................ 2.7 3.9 2.4 2.3 2.8 .7 1.7 1.7 1.2 2.0 2.2 1.0 2.5

Transportation, communications, and public

utilities ............................................................... 3.1 2.7 3.2 2.7 3.0 2.0 2.6 2.1 2.3 3.5 4.1 3.5 4.3

 Transportation ...................................................... 3.7 3.1 3.9 3.4 3.9 2.3 2.9 2.3 2.1 4.1 4.1 4.0 4.2

 Communications and other public utilities ............ 2.2 2.2 2.2 1.4 1.3 1.6 2.2 1.8 2.6 2.6 4.0 3.0 4.5

Wholesale and retail trade ...................................... 5.4 4.2 5.8 4.6 5.1 3.6 5.4 4.9 5.9 5.9 5.5 5.0 5.7

 Wholesale trade .................................................... 3.5 3.8 3.4 2.1 2.3 1.6 3.0 3.1 2.9 3.0 4.0 2.4 4.5

 Retail trade ........................................................... 5.8 4.3 6.4 5.3 5.7 4.2 5.9 5.3 6.6 6.5 5.8 5.5 6.0

Finance, insurance, and real estate ....................... 2.7 1.8 3.0 1.7 2.0 1.2 2.2 2.4 1.2 2.4 2.9 2.2 3.2

Services, excluding private households ................. 4.1 3.0 4.4 3.5 3.6 3.4 3.9 3.4 4.3 4.7 4.4 3.7 4.7

 Professional services ............................................ 2.9 2.4 3.1 2.2 2.2 2.0 2.5 2.0 2.7 3.3 2.9 2.5 3.0

 Educational services ........................................... 3.6 2.7 3.9 2.4 2.9 1.3 2.5 2.6 2.2 2.4 4.3 3.4 4.6

 Health services, including hospitals .................... 2.5 2.0 2.7 2.1 2.0 2.2 2.4 1.7 2.4 3.7 2.6 2.3 2.7

1 Excludes persons with no previous work experience. 2 Data are not shown when the labor force base does not meet BLS

publication standards of reliability for the particular area, based on the sample in

that area. See appendix B. 3 Less than 500 persons or less than 0.05 percent.

 NOTE: Totals for the summary groups published include other industries, not

shown separately. Items may not add to totals or compute to displayed

percentages because of rounding. Levels incorporate updated 1990

census-based population controls.

25
Table 6. Census regions and divisions: Percent distribution of employed private nonagricultural wage and salary workers,

excluding private household workers, by industry, sex, race, and Hispanic origin, 1999 annual averages

Population group and industry

Northeast Midwest South West

Total New

England

Middle

Atlantic Total

East

North

Central

West

North

Central

Total South

Atlantic

East

South

Central

West

South

Central

Total Mountain Pacific

TOTAL

 Total (in thousands) ...................................... 19,448 5,376 14,071 25,327 17,973 7,355 35,053 18,343 5,966 10,743 21,567 6,278 15,287

 Percent ......................................................... 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

Mining ............................................................. .2 .1 .2 .2 .2 .3 .9 .3 .9 2.1 .6 1.3 .3

Construction ................................................... 5.4 5.3 5.5 6.0 5.8 6.7 7.8 8.0 7.5 7.5 7.5 8.8 6.9

Manufacturing ................................................. 17.9 20.2 17.1 24.0 25.7 19.9 18.3 17.3 23.9 16.8 16.8 13.3 18.2

 Durable goods .............................................. 10.3 13.3 9.2 16.1 17.8 11.9 10.0 8.9 14.5 9.4 11.2 9.0 12.1

 Lumber and wood products ........................ .4 .6 .4 .6 .6 .6 .9 .8 1.9 .7 .9 .8 .9

 Furniture and fixtures .................................. .4 .2 .5 .8 .9 .7 .7 .6 1.6 .4 .4 .3 .4

 Stone, clay, and glass products .................. .5 .3 .6 .8 .8 .7 .6 .6 .8 .6 .5 .5 .5

 Primary metal industries ............................. .7 .6 .7 1.3 1.6 .6 .6 .4 1.0 .6 .4 .4 .4

 Fabricated metal products .......................... 1.0 1.4 .9 2.0 2.2 1.4 1.1 .9 1.4 1.2 .9 .8 1.0

 Machinery and computing equipment ......... 2.2 2.8 1.9 3.3 3.5 2.9 2.0 1.7 2.3 2.3 2.0 1.8 2.2

 Electrical machinery, equipment, and

supplies .................................................... 1.9 2.8 1.5 1.9 2.0 1.5 1.6 1.6 1.9 1.5 2.3 1.8 2.4

 Transportation equipment ........................... 1.1 1.9 .8 4.0 4.8 2.0 1.7 1.5 2.9 1.3 2.2 1.3 2.5

 Motor vehicles .......................................... .4 .3 .5 3.3 4.3 1.0 .9 .7 2.2 .5 .4 .3 .4

 Professional and photographic equipment,

and watches, etc. ...................................... 1.2 1.5 1.0 .7 .6 1.0 .4 .5 .3 .4 .9 .6 .9

 Nondurable goods ........................................ 7.6 6.9 7.9 7.9 7.9 8.0 8.2 8.3 9.4 7.4 5.6 4.3 6.1

 Food and kindred products ......................... 1.2 .7 1.3 1.9 1.6 2.8 1.7 1.4 2.1 2.1 1.4 1.4 1.3

 Textile mill products .................................... .4 .5 .3 .1 .1 .2 1.1 1.9 .7 .1 .1 1 ( ) .2

 Apparel and other textile products .............. .9 .3 1.1 .2 .2 .2 .7 .7 1.4 .5 1.0 .2 1.3

 Paper and allied products ........................... .5 .9 .4 .8 .9 .7 .7 .7 1.2 .5 .3 .2 .4

 Printing and publishing ............................... 2.1 2.1 2.1 1.9 1.7 2.2 1.4 1.6 1.1 1.3 1.5 1.3 1.5

 Chemicals and allied products .................... 1.6 1.0 1.7 1.3 1.5 1.0 1.2 1.1 1.2 1.5 .7 .6 .7

Transportation, communications, and public

utilities ....................................................... 7.3 6.2 7.8 6.6 6.3 7.3 8.1 8.0 7.0 8.8 7.3 7.5 7.2

 Transportation .............................................. 4.6 3.6 4.9 4.1 4.0 4.4 5.0 4.8 4.7 5.4 4.5 4.2 4.5

 Communications and other public utilities .... 2.8 2.5 2.9 2.5 2.3 2.9 3.1 3.2 2.3 3.4 2.9 3.3 2.7

Wholesale and retail trade .............................. 24.1 24.0 24.1 25.1 24.8 26.0 26.0 25.8 25.6 26.8 26.0 26.3 25.9

 Wholesale trade ............................................ 4.3 3.7 4.5 4.9 4.6 5.7 4.6 4.5 4.6 5.0 5.4 4.9 5.7

 Retail trade ................................................... 19.8 20.3 19.6 20.2 20.2 20.3 21.4 21.3 21.0 21.8 20.6 21.5 20.3

Finance, insurance, and real estate ............... 9.1 8.6 9.2 7.3 7.0 8.0 7.5 8.1 6.5 7.1 7.8 7.9 7.8

Services, excluding private households ......... 36.0 35.6 36.1 30.7 30.2 31.9 31.4 32.7 28.5 30.8 34.0 34.9 33.7

 Professional services .................................... 24.2 24.1 24.2 19.6 19.2 20.6 19.3 19.7 19.0 18.8 18.6 18.3 18.7

 Educational services ................................... 3.9 4.0 3.8 2.7 2.5 3.1 2.2 2.2 2.1 2.2 2.4 2.1 2.6

 Health services, including hospitals ............ 11.8 11.7 11.8 10.3 10.2 10.6 9.5 9.4 10.2 9.4 8.4 8.5 8.4

See footnotes at end of table.

26
Table 6. Census regions and divisions: Percent distribution of employed private nonagricultural wage and salary workers,

excluding private household workers, by industry, sex, race, and Hispanic origin, 1999 annual averages — Continued

Population group and industry

Northeast Midwest South West

Total New

England

Middle

Atlantic Total

East

North

Central

West

North

Central

Total South

Atlantic

East

South

Central

West

South

Central

Total Mountain Pacific

Men

 Total (in thousands) ...................................... 10,386 2,835 7,550 13,723 9,779 3,944 19,090 9,909 3,199 5,981 12,022 3,474 8,548

 Percent ......................................................... 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

Mining ............................................................. .3 .1 .4 .4 .3 .5 1.5 .4 1.7 3.1 .9 2.2 .4

Construction ................................................... 9.2 9.1 9.2 10.0 9.6 11.1 12.7 13.3 12.4 12.0 12.0 14.3 11.1

Manufacturing ................................................. 22.0 25.7 20.7 31.2 33.5 25.2 22.6 20.9 30.3 21.5 20.3 16.4 21.9

 Durable goods .............................................. 13.8 17.7 12.3 21.6 24.0 15.8 13.3 11.6 19.6 12.7 14.5 11.8 15.6

 Lumber and wood products ........................ .7 1.0 .6 .8 .8 .9 1.4 1.1 3.0 .9 1.3 1.2 1.4

 Furniture and fixtures .................................. .6 .4 .7 1.0 1.1 .9 .9 .8 1.8 .5 .6 .5 .6

 Stone, clay, and glass products .................. .8 .5 .9 1.0 1.0 1.0 .9 .9 1.2 .9 .7 .7 .7

 Primary metal industries ............................. 1.0 .8 1.1 2.1 2.5 1.0 .9 .7 1.6 .9 .6 .7 .6

 Fabricated metal products .......................... 1.4 2.0 1.2 2.8 3.2 2.0 1.5 1.3 1.9 1.6 1.2 1.1 1.2

 Machinery and computing equipment ......... 3.2 4.0 2.9 4.8 5.1 4.1 2.7 2.2 3.1 3.3 2.6 2.4 2.8

 Electrical machinery, equipment, and

supplies .................................................... 2.1 3.2 1.7 2.1 2.2 1.7 1.8 1.7 2.1 1.8 2.6 2.2 2.8

 Transportation equipment ........................... 1.8 2.9 1.3 5.5 6.6 2.8 2.4 2.2 3.9 1.9 3.0 1.8 3.5

 Motor vehicles .......................................... .6 .4 .7 4.6 5.9 1.4 1.2 1.0 3.0 .7 .5 .4 .5

 Professional and photographic equipment,

and watches, etc. ...................................... 1.3 1.8 1.2 .7 .6 1.0 .5 .5 .4 .5 .8 .6 .9

 Nondurable goods ........................................ 8.3 8.0 8.4 9.5 9.5 9.5 9.3 9.2 10.8 8.7 5.9 4.7 6.3

 Food and kindred products ......................... 1.5 .9 1.7 2.5 2.0 3.7 2.0 1.6 2.4 2.5 1.6 1.8 1.5

 Textile mill products .................................... .4 .5 .3 .1 .1 .1 1.2 2.0 .9 .1 .2 .1 .2

 Apparel and other textile products .............. .6 .1 .7 .2 .2 .2 .4 .4 .4 .2 .7 .1 .9

 Paper and allied products ........................... .7 1.2 .6 1.1 1.1 1.0 1.0 .9 1.7 .7 .5 .2 .6

 Printing and publishing ............................... 2.2 2.3 2.2 2.0 1.9 2.3 1.4 1.6 1.2 1.2 1.4 1.1 1.6

 Chemicals and allied products .................... 1.7 1.2 1.9 1.7 1.9 1.1 1.6 1.3 1.7 2.1 .7 .6 .8

Transportation, communications, and public

utilities ....................................................... 10.1 8.4 10.7 8.5 8.1 9.3 10.6 10.6 9.2 11.3 9.4 9.4 9.3

 Transportation .............................................. 6.4 5.0 7.0 5.6 5.5 5.8 6.9 6.8 6.6 7.4 5.9 5.6 6.1

 Communications and other public utilities .... 3.7 3.4 3.8 2.9 2.6 3.5 3.6 3.8 2.6 3.9 3.4 3.8 3.3

Wholesale and retail trade .............................. 24.5 24.4 24.5 23.9 23.0 26.0 24.6 24.9 23.3 24.9 24.9 24.9 24.9

 Wholesale trade ............................................ 5.3 5.1 5.4 6.2 5.8 7.5 5.8 5.6 6.2 6.0 6.5 6.3 6.6

 Retail trade ................................................... 19.1 19.3 19.1 17.6 17.3 18.6 18.8 19.3 17.0 18.9 18.4 18.6 18.4

Finance, insurance, and real estate ............... 7.6 6.8 7.9 5.3 4.9 6.2 5.2 5.7 4.3 4.9 5.6 5.6 5.6

Services, excluding private households ......... 26.3 25.4 26.6 20.8 20.5 21.6 22.8 24.4 18.8 22.3 26.8 27.1 26.7

 Professional services .................................... 13.6 13.2 13.8 9.9 9.8 10.2 10.4 10.8 10.1 10.0 10.8 10.6 10.9

 Educational services ................................... 2.7 2.7 2.6 1.6 1.6 1.8 1.4 1.4 1.3 1.3 1.7 1.4 1.8

 Health services, including hospitals ............ 4.6 4.3 4.7 3.5 3.6 3.4 3.5 3.4 3.8 3.4 3.4 3.4 3.4

See footnotes at end of table.

27
Table 6. Census regions and divisions: Percent distribution of employed private nonagricultural wage and salary workers,

excluding private household workers, by industry, sex, race, and Hispanic origin, 1999 annual averages — Continued

Population group and industry

Northeast Midwest South West

Total New

England

Middle

Atlantic Total

East

North

Central

West

North

Central

Total South

Atlantic

East

South

Central

West

South

Central

Total Mountain Pacific

Women

 Total (in thousands) ...................................... 9,062 2,540 6,521 11,604 8,194 3,410 15,962 8,434 2,767 4,762 9,545 2,805 6,740

 Percent ......................................................... 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

Mining ............................................................. 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) .3 .1 1 ( ) .8 .1 .3 .1

Construction ................................................... 1.1 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.3 1.5 1.8 1.8 1.9 1.9 1.7 1.9 1.6

Manufacturing ................................................. 13.2 14.0 13.0 15.6 16.4 13.7 13.1 13.1 16.6 11.0 12.3 9.3 13.5

 Durable goods .............................................. 6.3 8.3 5.5 9.5 10.4 7.4 6.1 5.8 8.7 5.2 7.1 5.5 7.7

 Lumber and wood products ........................ .1 .2 .1 .4 .4 .3 .4 .3 .5 .4 .3 .2 .4

 Furniture and fixtures .................................. .2 .1 .3 .6 .7 .5 .6 .5 1.3 .3 .2 .2 .2

 Stone, clay, and glass products .................. .3 .2 .3 .5 .5 .4 .3 .3 .3 .3 .2 .2 .2

 Primary metal industries ............................. .3 .4 .3 .4 .5 .2 .2 .1 .3 .1 .1 .1 .1

 Fabricated metal products .......................... .5 .7 .5 1.0 1.1 .7 .6 .5 .8 .7 .6 .5 .6

 Machinery and computing equipment ......... 1.0 1.5 .8 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.1 1.0 1.5 1.1 1.3 1.0 1.4

 Electrical machinery, equipment, and

supplies .................................................... 1.6 2.3 1.3 1.6 1.8 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.1 1.8 1.4 2.0

 Transportation equipment ........................... .4 .8 .3 2.2 2.7 1.1 .8 .6 1.7 .7 1.1 .8 1.3

 Motor vehicles .......................................... .1 .1 .2 1.9 2.5 .5 .5 .4 1.4 .3 .2 .2 .2

 Professional and photographic equipment,

and watches, etc. ...................................... 1.0 1.2 .9 .7 .5 .9 .4 .5 .3 .3 .9 .7 1.0

 Nondurable goods ........................................ 6.9 5.6 7.4 6.1 6.0 6.4 7.0 7.3 7.9 5.8 5.2 3.8 5.8

 Food and kindred products ......................... .8 .6 1.0 1.2 1.1 1.6 1.4 1.1 1.7 1.6 1.1 1.0 1.2

 Textile mill products .................................... .4 .4 .3 .1 .1 .3 1.1 1.8 .5 .1 .1 1 ( ) .1

 Apparel and other textile products .............. 1.3 .4 1.6 .3 .3 .3 1.2 .9 2.4 .9 1.4 .4 1.7

 Paper and allied products ........................... .3 .5 .3 .5 .6 .4 .4 .4 .6 .3 .1 .1 .2

 Printing and publishing ............................... 2.0 1.9 2.1 1.7 1.6 2.1 1.4 1.6 1.1 1.4 1.5 1.5 1.5

 Chemicals and allied products .................... 1.4 .9 1.6 .9 1.0 .9 .8 .8 .7 .8 .6 .6 .7

Transportation, communications, and public

utilities ....................................................... 4.1 3.7 4.3 4.4 4.2 5.0 5.1 4.9 4.5 5.6 4.7 5.2 4.5

 Transportation .............................................. 2.4 2.1 2.5 2.4 2.3 2.6 2.6 2.5 2.5 2.8 2.6 2.4 2.6

 Communications and other public utilities .... 1.7 1.6 1.8 2.0 1.9 2.3 2.5 2.4 2.0 2.8 2.1 2.7 1.9

Wholesale and retail trade .............................. 23.6 23.5 23.6 26.6 26.9 25.9 27.8 26.8 28.3 29.1 27.5 28.1 27.2

 Wholesale trade ............................................ 3.0 2.0 3.4 3.4 3.3 3.6 3.2 3.2 2.6 3.7 4.1 3.1 4.5

 Retail trade ................................................... 20.6 21.5 20.2 23.2 23.7 22.2 24.5 23.6 25.6 25.5 23.4 25.0 22.7

Finance, insurance, and real estate ............... 10.8 10.7 10.8 9.7 9.6 10.1 10.3 11.0 9.1 9.9 10.6 10.7 10.5

Services, excluding private households ......... 47.1 47.0 47.1 42.3 41.6 43.8 41.7 42.4 39.6 41.6 43.1 44.5 42.5

 Professional services .................................... 36.3 36.2 36.3 31.1 30.4 32.6 30.0 30.2 29.3 30.0 28.4 27.8 28.7

 Educational services ................................... 5.2 5.4 5.2 3.9 3.7 4.5 3.2 3.1 3.1 3.4 3.4 2.9 3.6

 Health services, including hospitals ............ 20.1 19.9 20.1 18.4 18.2 19.0 16.8 16.5 17.5 16.9 14.8 14.8 14.7

See footnotes at end of table.

28
Table 6. Census regions and divisions: Percent distribution of employed private nonagricultural wage and salary workers,

excluding private household workers, by industry, sex, race, and Hispanic origin, 1999 annual averages — Continued

Population group and industry

Northeast Midwest South West

Total New

England

Middle

Atlantic Total

East

North

Central

West

North

Central

Total South

Atlantic

East

South

Central

West

South

Central

Total Mountain Pacific

White

 Total (in thousands) ...................................... 16,632 4,947 11,683 22,600 15,770 6,830 27,743 14,060 4,806 8,874 18,299 5,826 12,470

 Percent ......................................................... 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

Mining ............................................................. .2 .1 .3 .3 .2 .3 1.1 .3 1.1 2.3 .7 1.4 .3

Construction ................................................... 5.8 5.5 5.9 6.5 6.3 7.0 8.6 9.0 8.2 8.2 8.1 9.0 7.8

Manufacturing ................................................. 18.5 19.9 17.9 24.3 26.2 19.8 17.6 16.4 22.8 16.7 16.7 13.2 18.3

 Durable goods .............................................. 10.8 13.1 9.8 16.2 18.1 11.9 9.8 8.6 13.9 9.6 11.1 8.8 12.1

 Lumber and wood products ........................ .5 .6 .4 .6 .6 .6 .9 .7 1.7 .6 1.0 .8 1.1

 Furniture and fixtures .................................. .5 .3 .6 .9 1.0 .7 .8 .7 1.6 .4 .4 .4 .4

 Stone, clay, and glass products .................. .6 .3 .7 .8 .9 .6 .6 .6 .8 .7 .5 .5 .5

 Primary metal industries ............................. .7 .6 .7 1.3 1.6 .6 .5 .4 .9 .6 .4 .4 .5

 Fabricated metal products .......................... 1.1 1.4 1.0 2.0 2.3 1.4 1.0 .9 1.2 1.1 1.0 .8 1.0

 Machinery and computing equipment ......... 2.3 2.7 2.1 3.5 3.8 3.1 2.0 1.6 2.3 2.3 1.9 1.8 2.0

 Electrical machinery, equipment, and

supplies .................................................... 1.9 2.7 1.6 1.9 2.1 1.4 1.5 1.5 1.7 1.4 2.0 1.7 2.1

 Transportation equipment ........................... 1.2 1.9 .9 3.7 4.5 1.9 1.6 1.4 2.8 1.4 2.2 1.3 2.7

 Motor vehicles .......................................... .4 .3 .5 3.1 4.0 .9 .9 .6 2.3 .6 .4 .3 .4

 Professional and photographic equipment,

and watches, etc. ...................................... 1.2 1.4 1.1 .7 .6 1.0 .4 .5 .3 .5 .8 .6 .9

 Nondurable goods ........................................ 7.7 6.9 8.1 8.1 8.2 8.0 7.8 7.8 8.9 7.1 5.6 4.4 6.2

 Food and kindred products ......................... 1.2 .7 1.5 1.9 1.6 2.6 1.5 1.1 1.6 1.9 1.4 1.5 1.4

 Textile mill products .................................... .4 .5 .4 .1 1 ( ) .2 1.0 1.7 .5 .1 .1 1 ( ) .2

 Apparel and other textile products .............. .8 .2 1.0 .2 .2 .2 .7 .6 1.3 .4 .8 .2 1.1

 Paper and allied products ........................... .6 .9 .5 .9 1.0 .7 .7 .6 1.2 .5 .4 .2 .5

 Printing and publishing ............................... 2.2 2.1 2.2 1.9 1.8 2.2 1.5 1.7 1.3 1.3 1.5 1.3 1.6

 Chemicals and allied products .................... 1.5 1.1 1.7 1.4 1.5 1.0 1.2 1.1 1.2 1.5 .7 .6 .7

Transportation, communications, and public

utilities ....................................................... 7.3 6.3 7.7 6.4 6.1 7.3 7.8 7.7 6.9 8.4 7.2 7.5 7.1

 Transportation .............................................. 4.4 3.6 4.7 4.1 4.0 4.4 4.8 4.6 4.6 5.2 4.3 4.1 4.4

 Communications and other public utilities .... 2.8 2.6 2.9 2.4 2.1 3.0 3.0 3.1 2.3 3.3 2.9 3.4 2.7

Wholesale and retail trade .............................. 24.6 24.3 24.7 25.6 25.3 26.2 26.2 25.9 25.6 27.1 26.3 26.4 26.3

 Wholesale trade ............................................ 4.5 3.8 4.8 5.2 4.9 5.9 4.9 4.7 4.7 5.3 5.5 4.9 5.8

 Retail trade ................................................... 20.1 20.5 19.9 20.4 20.4 20.3 21.3 21.2 20.8 21.8 20.8 21.5 20.5

Finance, insurance, and real estate ............... 9.1 8.7 9.2 7.3 7.0 8.0 7.8 8.5 6.8 7.4 7.6 7.9 7.5

Services, excluding private households ......... 34.6 35.2 34.3 29.6 28.9 31.3 30.9 32.2 28.7 29.9 33.3 34.7 32.7

 Professional services .................................... 23.2 23.8 22.9 19.0 18.4 20.5 19.1 19.6 19.5 18.3 18.2 18.5 18.1

 Educational services ................................... 3.9 3.9 3.9 2.7 2.5 3.1 2.2 2.1 2.3 2.2 2.4 2.1 2.6

 Health services, including hospitals ............ 10.7 11.4 10.4 10.0 9.7 10.6 9.0 8.9 9.8 8.6 8.0 8.6 7.7

See footnotes at end of table.

29
Table 6. Census regions and divisions: Percent distribution of employed private nonagricultural wage and salary workers,

excluding private household workers, by industry, sex, race, and Hispanic origin, 1999 annual averages — Continued

Population group and industry

Northeast Midwest South West

Total New

England

Middle

Atlantic Total

East

North

Central

West

North

Central

Total South

Atlantic

East

South

Central

West

South

Central

Total Mountain Pacific

Black

 Total (in thousands) ...................................... 1,984 292 1,692 2,115 1,772 343 6,318 3,774 1,105 1,443 901 185 716

 Percent ......................................................... 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

Mining ............................................................. 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) .4 .1 .5 1.0 .1 .4 1 ( )

Construction ................................................... 3.4 4.0 3.3 2.1 2.2 1.2 4.6 4.6 4.8 4.4 2.8 3.6 2.6

Manufacturing ................................................. 12.4 17.7 11.4 21.0 21.7 17.3 20.8 20.4 28.8 15.6 11.6 9.8 12.0

 Durable goods .............................................. 6.1 11.0 5.3 14.8 15.9 9.2 10.4 9.9 17.4 6.6 8.5 7.3 8.8

 Lumber and wood products ........................ .1 .1 .1 .2 .2 .1 1.1 .8 2.5 .9 .1 .1 .1

 Furniture and fixtures .................................. .2 .1 .2 .4 .3 .8 .6 .5 1.5 .3 .1 1 ( ) .1

 Stone, clay, and glass products .................. .3 .1 .3 .4 .3 1.1 .7 .8 .8 .3 .1 .1 .2

 Primary metal industries ............................. .7 .4 .7 1.7 1.9 .6 .7 .5 1.4 .4 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( )

 Fabricated metal products .......................... .5 1.0 .4 1.4 1.7 .2 1.2 1.0 2.1 1.1 .9 .3 1.1

 Machinery and computing equipment ......... .8 1.6 .6 1.3 1.3 1.2 1.9 1.9 2.7 1.4 1.7 .8 1.9

 Electrical machinery, equipment, and

supplies .................................................... 1.0 1.5 .9 1.4 1.5 .7 1.6 1.6 2.3 1.1 1.4 1.6 1.4

 Transportation equipment ........................... .7 1.7 .6 6.8 7.5 3.2 1.7 1.8 2.7 .8 2.5 2.1 2.6

 Motor vehicles .......................................... .4 .2 .4 6.2 7.0 2.3 1.0 .9 2.0 .3 .5 .6 .5

 Professional and photographic equipment,

and watches, etc. ...................................... 1.0 2.8 .7 .5 .3 1.4 .4 .5 .4 1 ( ) .9 .7 1.0

 Nondurable goods ........................................ 6.2 6.8 6.1 6.2 5.9 8.1 10.3 10.5 11.5 9.0 3.0 2.5 3.2

 Food and kindred products ......................... .7 .7 .7 2.0 1.4 5.0 2.9 2.4 3.9 3.5 .7 1.0 .7

 Textile mill products .................................... .2 .5 .1 .1 .1 1 ( ) 1.7 2.5 1.3 .1 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( )

 Apparel and other textile products .............. .9 .7 .9 .2 .3 1 ( ) .8 .7 1.5 .7 .3 1 ( ) .4

 Paper and allied products ........................... .2 .5 .2 .5 .4 1.0 .9 .9 1.0 .9 .2 1 ( ) .2

 Printing and publishing ............................... 1.7 1.9 1.7 1.1 1.1 .9 1.1 1.4 .5 .8 .8 .6 .8

 Chemicals and allied products .................... 1.8 .7 2.0 1.1 1.1 1.0 1.4 1.3 1.3 1.9 .7 .8 .6

Transportation, communications, and public

utilities ....................................................... 8.9 7.3 9.1 8.8 9.0 7.7 9.7 9.7 7.7 11.4 12.5 11.9 12.6

 Transportation .............................................. 6.2 5.3 6.3 5.0 5.0 4.8 6.2 6.1 5.1 7.2 8.8 8.6 8.8

 Communications and other public utilities .... 2.7 2.0 2.8 3.8 4.0 2.8 3.6 3.6 2.6 4.2 3.7 3.4 3.8

Wholesale and retail trade .............................. 19.5 19.5 19.5 20.7 20.2 23.3 24.5 24.2 25.2 24.6 21.7 25.4 20.7

 Wholesale trade ............................................ 2.3 2.3 2.3 2.6 2.6 2.5 3.5 3.7 3.8 2.6 4.8 7.3 4.1

 Retail trade ................................................... 17.2 17.3 17.2 18.1 17.6 20.7 21.0 20.6 21.4 21.9 16.9 18.1 16.6

Finance, insurance, and real estate ............... 9.2 8.2 9.3 7.6 7.5 8.1 6.8 7.2 5.8 6.3 9.8 10.5 9.6

Services, excluding private households ......... 46.7 43.2 47.2 39.8 39.3 42.5 33.3 33.8 27.2 36.7 41.6 38.4 42.4

 Professional services .................................... 33.1 31.1 33.5 24.9 25.1 24.1 20.4 20.2 17.2 23.2 24.9 17.0 26.9

 Educational services ................................... 3.6 4.8 3.4 2.6 2.8 1.8 2.3 2.4 1.5 2.4 3.8 2.1 4.2

 Health services, including hospitals ............ 20.8 19.0 21.2 13.7 14.0 12.1 11.9 11.2 11.8 13.8 12.7 8.9 13.6

See footnotes at end of table.

30
Table 6. Census regions and divisions: Percent distribution of employed private nonagricultural wage and salary workers,

excluding private household workers, by industry, sex, race, and Hispanic origin, 1999 annual averages — Continued

Population group and industry

Northeast Midwest South West

Total New

England

Middle

Atlantic Total

East

North

Central

West

North

Central

Total South

Atlantic

East

South

Central

West

South

Central

Total Mountain Pacific

Hispanic origin

 Total (in thousands) ...................................... 1,617 270 1,347 953 763 190 3,715 1,448 65 2,193 4,342 1,074 3,269

 Percent ......................................................... 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

Mining ............................................................. .1 1 ( ) .1 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1.0 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1.7 .4 1.3 .1

Construction ................................................... 5.6 4.2 5.9 6.7 7.0 5.8 12.6 12.3 11.0 12.8 9.9 13.5 8.6

Manufacturing ................................................. 20.2 26.6 18.9 34.3 33.6 36.8 17.1 15.9 28.8 17.6 21.5 15.0 23.7

 Durable goods .............................................. 8.3 16.1 6.7 19.0 21.4 9.4 8.6 7.9 11.8 8.9 12.2 9.0 13.2

 Lumber and wood products ........................ .5 1.3 .4 .8 .9 .4 .6 .7 1.5 .6 1.2 1.0 1.3

 Furniture and fixtures .................................. .2 .2 .2 1.4 1.1 2.6 .6 .6 1 ( ) .7 1.1 1.0 1.2

 Stone, clay, and glass products .................. .3 .4 .3 .9 1.1 .2 1.0 1.0 .9 1.0 .6 .6 .6

 Primary metal industries ............................. .3 .3 .4 2.5 2.9 .7 .7 .4 1.5 .9 .6 .4 .7

 Fabricated metal products .......................... 1.5 4.4 .9 2.6 3.2 .3 1.0 .6 .5 1.3 1.5 1.1 1.7

 Machinery and computing equipment ......... 1.1 2.7 .8 3.0 3.5 .9 1.6 1.4 1 ( ) 1.8 1.6 1.1 1.8

 Electrical machinery, equipment, and

supplies .................................................... 1.4 2.8 1.2 2.5 2.9 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.2 .9 1.9 1.9 1.9

 Transportation equipment ........................... .4 .3 .4 3.5 3.8 2.4 .9 .8 4.5 .9 1.7 1.0 1.9

 Motor vehicles .......................................... .3 .2 .3 3.1 3.5 1.5 .5 .3 3.2 .5 .6 .3 .7

 Professional and photographic equipment,

and watches, etc. ...................................... .6 1.7 .3 .5 .6 .3 .4 .5 1.6 .3 .7 .5 .8

 Nondurable goods ........................................ 11.9 10.5 12.2 15.2 12.2 27.3 8.6 8.0 17.0 8.8 9.4 6.0 10.5

 Food and kindred products ......................... 1.9 2.4 1.7 7.3 3.8 21.3 3.2 1.8 13.6 3.9 2.6 3.0 2.5

 Textile mill products .................................... .8 .3 .9 .3 .3 1 ( ) .6 1.3 .3 .1 .4 .1 .5

 Apparel and other textile products .............. 3.7 .4 4.3 .6 .6 .7 1.1 1.4 .3 .9 2.7 .5 3.4

 Paper and allied products ........................... .8 1.3 .8 1.4 1.7 .4 .4 .7 1 ( ) .2 .4 .2 .5

 Printing and publishing ............................... 1.7 1.8 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.9 1.2 1.5 .2 1.0 1.2 1.1 1.2

 Chemicals and allied products .................... 1.6 1.1 1.7 1.4 1.7 .6 1.0 .4 2.2 1.4 1.2 .6 1.5

Transportation, communications, and public

utilities ....................................................... 7.3 5.6 7.6 4.7 4.9 3.8 7.5 8.8 7.1 6.6 6.7 6.1 6.9

 Transportation .............................................. 5.8 4.4 6.0 3.6 3.6 3.4 5.3 7.1 3.8 4.2 4.3 3.3 4.6

 Communications and other public utilities .... 1.5 1.2 1.6 1.1 1.3 .4 2.1 1.7 3.4 2.4 2.4 2.8 2.3

Wholesale and retail trade .............................. 27.0 23.4 27.7 26.0 26.9 22.7 28.9 27.3 23.0 30.2 28.9 29.0 28.9

 Wholesale trade ............................................ 4.8 3.3 5.1 4.4 4.4 4.2 4.6 5.5 4.3 4.1 6.0 5.0 6.4

 Retail trade ................................................... 22.2 20.1 22.6 21.6 22.4 18.5 24.3 21.8 18.7 26.1 22.9 24.0 22.5

Finance, insurance, and real estate ............... 7.1 4.9 7.5 5.6 5.3 6.6 5.8 6.8 3.9 5.2 5.0 5.9 4.7

Services, excluding private households ......... 32.8 35.3 32.2 22.7 22.3 24.3 27.1 28.9 26.3 25.9 27.6 29.2 27.1

 Professional services .................................... 18.0 19.0 17.8 9.0 8.8 10.1 13.4 13.7 18.5 13.1 11.7 12.2 11.5

 Educational services ................................... 2.2 2.6 2.2 1.2 1.2 1.4 1.5 1.6 3.5 1.3 1.5 1.3 1.6

 Health services, including hospitals ............ 9.9 10.1 9.9 5.0 5.0 4.9 7.2 6.5 11.5 7.5 5.6 6.0 5.5

1 Less than 500 persons or less than 0.05 percent.

 NOTE: Items may not add to totals or compute to displayed percentages

because of rounding. Detail for race and Hispanic-origin groups will not add

to totals because data for the "other races" group are not presented and

Hispanics are included in both the white and black population groups. Levels

incorporate updated 1990 census-based population controls.

31
Table 7. Census regions and divisions: Persons at work by sex, age, race, and Hispanic origin, 1999 annual averages

(In thousands)

Population group and area Total at work

Hours of work Average hours

1 to 14

hours

15 to 29

hours

30 to 34

hours

35 hours and over

Total at

work

Persons

who

usually

work full

time

Total 35 to 39

hours

40

hours

41 to 48

hours

49 hours

and over

TOTAL

Northeast .............................................................. 23,983 1,220 3,119 1,793 17,850 2,131 8,607 2,581 4,531 38.9 43.0

 New England ...................................................... 6,599 354 880 559 4,806 506 2,258 775 1,268 38.7 43.2

 Middle Atlantic .................................................... 17,382 866 2,239 1,234 13,043 1,625 6,349 1,806 3,263 39.0 43.0

Midwest ................................................................ 30,846 1,621 3,861 2,312 23,052 1,963 10,312 4,094 6,682 39.7 44.0

 East North Central .............................................. 21,355 1,069 2,637 1,567 16,083 1,367 7,338 2,825 4,552 39.7 43.9

 West North Central ............................................. 9,490 552 1,224 745 6,968 596 2,974 1,269 2,129 39.7 44.2

South .................................................................... 44,676 1,844 4,903 3,117 34,811 2,877 17,851 4,940 9,144 40.1 43.4

 South Atlantic ..................................................... 23,226 933 2,585 1,657 18,052 1,495 9,296 2,560 4,700 40.0 43.2

 East South Central ............................................. 7,536 314 872 543 5,806 521 2,952 855 1,479 39.8 43.2

 West South Central ............................................ 13,912 597 1,447 917 10,951 861 5,602 1,525 2,964 40.5 43.8

West ..................................................................... 28,455 1,385 3,442 2,268 21,360 1,691 11,134 3,094 5,441 39.2 43.2

 Mountain ............................................................. 8,136 401 962 612 6,161 500 3,075 934 1,653 39.6 43.6

 Pacific ................................................................. 20,318 984 2,480 1,656 15,198 1,191 8,059 2,160 3,788 39.1 43.1

Men

Northeast .............................................................. 12,799 425 1,056 712 10,605 769 4,881 1,614 3,341 42.1 44.7

 New England ...................................................... 3,484 125 284 212 2,863 184 1,278 477 925 42.0 44.7

 Middle Atlantic .................................................... 9,314 299 772 501 7,742 585 3,603 1,137 2,416 42.1 44.6

Midwest ................................................................ 16,586 570 1,401 911 13,704 753 5,594 2,478 4,879 42.9 45.6

 East North Central .............................................. 11,491 367 935 606 9,582 509 4,021 1,720 3,332 42.8 45.5

 West North Central ............................................. 5,095 203 466 304 4,122 244 1,574 757 1,548 42.9 46.0

South .................................................................... 24,039 702 1,893 1,286 20,159 1,104 9,396 2,965 6,693 42.8 45.1

 South Atlantic ..................................................... 12,401 358 977 685 10,381 583 4,862 1,537 3,400 42.6 44.8

 East South Central ............................................. 4,039 119 340 222 3,357 183 1,552 523 1,099 42.6 44.9

 West South Central ............................................ 7,598 225 575 379 6,419 339 2,981 905 2,193 43.3 45.5

West ..................................................................... 15,640 505 1,335 992 12,808 719 6,354 1,865 3,871 41.8 44.3

 Mountain ............................................................. 4,454 141 370 257 3,687 206 1,738 562 1,181 42.4 44.9

 Pacific ................................................................. 11,186 364 965 735 9,121 513 4,616 1,303 2,689 41.5 44.1

Women

Northeast .............................................................. 11,184 796 2,063 1,081 7,245 1,361 3,726 967 1,190 35.2 40.7

 New England ...................................................... 3,115 229 596 347 1,943 322 981 298 343 35.0 41.0

 Middle Atlantic .................................................... 8,068 566 1,466 734 5,301 1,040 2,746 669 847 35.3 40.7

Midwest ................................................................ 14,260 1,051 2,460 1,401 9,348 1,210 4,718 1,617 1,803 35.9 41.6

 East North Central .............................................. 9,865 701 1,702 960 6,501 858 3,317 1,105 1,221 36.0 41.5

 West North Central ............................................. 4,395 349 759 441 2,846 352 1,401 512 582 35.9 41.7

South .................................................................... 20,637 1,142 3,011 1,831 14,653 1,772 8,455 1,975 2,451 36.9 41.2

 South Atlantic ..................................................... 10,826 575 1,608 972 7,671 913 4,434 1,024 1,300 37.0 41.1

 East South Central ............................................. 3,497 195 532 321 2,449 338 1,400 332 380 36.6 40.8

 West South Central ............................................ 6,314 372 871 538 4,533 522 2,621 619 771 37.1 41.4

West ..................................................................... 12,815 880 2,107 1,277 8,551 972 4,780 1,229 1,570 36.2 41.6

 Mountain ............................................................. 3,682 260 592 355 2,474 294 1,337 372 471 36.3 41.7

 Pacific ................................................................. 9,133 619 1,515 921 6,077 678 3,443 857 1,099 36.1 41.5

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 7. Census regions and divisions: Persons at work by sex, age, race, and Hispanic origin, 1999 annual averages — Continued

(In thousands)

Population group and area Total at work

Hours of work Average hours

1 to 14

hours

15 to 29

hours

30 to 34

hours

35 hours and over

Total at

work

Persons

who

usually

work full

time

Total 35 to 39

hours

40

hours

41 to 48

hours

49 hours

and over

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

Northeast .............................................................. 1,175 313 483 94 285 57 159 34 35 23.1 39.2

 New England ...................................................... 355 98 144 26 87 18 47 12 10 22.7 39.0

 Middle Atlantic .................................................... 819 214 339 67 199 39 113 22 26 23.3 39.3

Midwest ................................................................ 2,004 443 809 171 581 122 296 85 78 24.8 39.9

 East North Central .............................................. 1,351 284 554 112 401 85 205 61 50 25.0 40.0

 West North Central ............................................. 653 159 255 58 180 37 92 24 29 24.4 39.5

South .................................................................... 2,284 383 899 235 767 146 442 87 92 26.6 39.6

 South Atlantic ..................................................... 1,124 192 450 113 369 72 215 41 41 26.4 39.4

 East South Central ............................................. 410 74 170 41 125 24 73 13 15 25.5 39.0

 West South Central ............................................ 750 117 279 81 273 50 154 33 36 27.7 40.0

West ..................................................................... 1,464 307 542 147 468 89 269 54 57 25.8 39.9

 Mountain ............................................................. 506 96 180 49 180 32 104 21 24 26.8 40.0

 Pacific ................................................................. 957 211 361 98 288 56 165 33 34 25.2 39.9

White

Northeast .............................................................. 20,550 1,107 2,734 1,578 15,130 1,721 7,003 2,328 4,078 38.9 43.3

 New England ...................................................... 6,104 334 817 525 4,429 467 2,026 737 1,198 38.7 43.3

 Middle Atlantic .................................................... 14,444 773 1,917 1,053 10,700 1,254 4,977 1,591 2,879 39.0 43.3

Midwest ................................................................ 27,557 1,498 3,474 2,057 20,528 1,758 8,817 3,789 6,164 39.7 44.1

 East North Central .............................................. 18,714 972 2,331 1,360 14,051 1,206 6,123 2,581 4,141 39.7 44.1

 West North Central ............................................. 8,842 526 1,143 697 6,477 553 2,694 1,207 2,023 39.7 44.3

South .................................................................... 35,263 1,534 3,879 2,427 27,422 2,228 13,370 4,102 7,723 40.3 43.7

 South Atlantic ..................................................... 17,675 757 1,962 1,249 13,706 1,109 6,674 2,058 3,865 40.2 43.6

 East South Central ............................................. 6,076 267 703 431 4,675 416 2,254 730 1,275 40.0 43.5

 West South Central ............................................ 11,507 509 1,214 747 9,037 703 4,439 1,313 2,582 40.6 44.0

West ..................................................................... 24,135 1,200 2,951 1,951 18,033 1,478 9,105 2,714 4,736 39.3 43.3

 Mountain ............................................................. 7,546 379 898 568 5,701 467 2,795 885 1,554 39.6 43.7

 Pacific ................................................................. 16,586 821 2,052 1,383 12,330 1,011 6,309 1,828 3,181 39.1 43.2

Black

Northeast .............................................................. 2,484 82 301 157 1,944 316 1,181 172 275 38.1 41.1

 New England ...................................................... 342 14 45 25 258 30 162 23 42 37.8 41.4

 Middle Atlantic .................................................... 2,143 68 256 132 1,687 285 1,020 148 233 38.1 41.0

Midwest ................................................................ 2,554 89 306 205 1,954 163 1,182 236 373 39.0 42.1

 East North Central .............................................. 2,133 74 255 176 1,628 134 994 197 304 38.9 42.0

 West North Central ............................................. 422 15 51 29 326 29 188 40 69 39.5 42.7

South .................................................................... 8,174 265 899 611 6,400 575 3,956 712 1,157 39.1 41.9

 South Atlantic ..................................................... 4,899 150 547 364 3,838 348 2,351 438 700 39.1 41.8

 East South Central ............................................. 1,388 43 159 109 1,077 97 669 121 190 39.0 41.6

 West South Central ............................................ 1,891 72 193 138 1,487 130 938 153 267 39.3 42.2

West ..................................................................... 1,270 45 132 102 991 65 607 110 209 39.5 42.5

 Mountain ............................................................. 225 8 19 15 183 11 112 19 41 40.7 43.5

 Pacific ................................................................. 1,046 38 113 86 808 54 495 91 168 39.2 42.3

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 7. Census regions and divisions: Persons at work by sex, age, race, and Hispanic origin, 1999 annual averages — Continued

(In thousands)

Population group and area Total at work

Hours of work Average hours

1 to 14

hours

15 to 29

hours

30 to 34

hours

35 hours and over

Total at

work

Persons

who

usually

work full

time

Total 35 to 39

hours

40

hours

41 to 48

hours

49 hours

and over

Hispanic origin

Northeast .............................................................. 1,897 56 205 119 1,517 207 889 157 264 39.1 41.8

 New England ...................................................... 313 12 37 25 239 24 148 26 41 38.4 41.9

 Middle Atlantic .................................................... 1,584 43 168 94 1,279 183 741 131 223 39.2 41.8

Midwest ................................................................ 1,052 24 112 68 847 57 477 146 168 39.9 42.7

 East North Central .............................................. 836 19 90 54 673 42 398 107 126 39.7 42.5

 West North Central ............................................. 215 6 22 14 174 15 79 39 42 40.9 43.5

South .................................................................... 4,595 134 490 338 3,634 323 2,180 440 690 39.4 42.1

 South Atlantic ..................................................... 1,730 40 174 136 1,381 115 854 148 263 39.5 41.9

 East South Central ............................................. 83 2 5 5 70 8 39 10 13 40.6 42.2

 West South Central ............................................ 2,772 92 309 196 2,175 200 1,282 280 413 39.2 42.2

West ..................................................................... 5,695 169 587 451 4,489 343 2,909 528 709 38.9 41.7

 Mountain ............................................................. 1,365 41 140 96 1,089 85 696 123 186 39.3 42.1

 Pacific ................................................................. 4,331 128 447 355 3,400 258 2,214 405 523 38.8 41.5

 NOTE: Data for demographic groups are not shown when they do not meet

BLS publication standards of reliability for the particular area based on the

sample in that area. See appendix B. Items may not add to totals because of

rounding. Detail for race and Hispanic-origin groups will not add to totals

because data for the "other races" group are not presented and Hispanics are

included in both the white and black population groups. Levels incorporate

updated 1990 census-based population controls.
Table 8. Census regions and divisions: Persons at work 1 to 34 hours by sex, race, Hispanic origin, reason for working less than 35 hours,

and usual status, 1999 annual averages

(In thousands)

Population group and area

Usually work full time Usually work part time

Total

Slack

work or

business

conditions

Vacation

or

personal

day

Holiday,

legal or

religious

Weatherrelated

curtailment

Other

reasons1Total

Slack

work or

business

conditions

Could

only find

part-time

work

Childcare

problems

Other

family or

personal

obligations

In

school

or

training

Retired

or Social

Security

limit on

earnings

Other

reasons2

TOTAL

Northeast .............................. 1,901 138 587 313 216 647 4,231 176 261 203 1,087 1,196 409 897

 New England ...................... 543 41 158 119 44 178 1,250 41 58 61 359 350 128 253

 Middle Atlantic .................... 1,358 97 429 194 172 469 2,981 136 203 142 729 846 281 644

Midwest ................................ 2,368 199 886 142 176 965 5,426 172 239 176 1,382 1,806 568 1,082

 East North Central .............. 1,569 138 570 96 128 637 3,703 132 166 138 933 1,210 377 748

 West North Central ............. 798 61 316 46 48 328 1,723 41 74 38 449 596 191 335

South .................................... 3,582 384 1,037 273 389 1,501 6,282 304 371 226 1,267 1,900 664 1,550

 South Atlantic ..................... 1,930 188 526 168 322 725 3,245 145 183 136 668 945 374 793

 East South Central ............. 622 70 194 37 29 294 1,107 52 66 33 213 359 117 267

 West South Central ............ 1,031 126 317 68 39 481 1,930 106 122 57 386 597 173 490

West ..................................... 2,218 299 726 238 41 913 4,877 350 289 164 1,142 1,455 342 1,135

 Mountain ............................. 622 72 221 51 12 265 1,353 68 64 51 336 422 112 299

 Pacific ................................. 1,597 227 505 187 30 648 3,524 282 225 113 806 1,033 230 834

Men

Northeast .............................. 897 77 291 138 99 291 1,296 75 98 7 48 542 241 285

 New England ...................... 257 21 79 52 20 84 363 19 22 3 16 151 74 79

 Middle Atlantic .................... 640 56 212 86 79 208 932 57 76 4 32 392 167 206

Midwest ................................ 1,152 110 462 59 103 415 1,730 83 93 7 57 840 311 338

 East North Central .............. 752 79 295 37 69 273 1,157 66 63 6 33 553 208 227

 West North Central ............. 400 32 167 22 34 143 573 17 30 1 25 287 103 110

South .................................... 1,742 220 516 115 242 648 2,138 141 133 5 63 887 374 534

 South Atlantic ..................... 923 103 254 73 182 310 1,097 71 66 4 30 446 208 273

 East South Central ............. 307 40 103 16 25 122 375 22 23 3 ( ) 9 159 68 94

 West South Central ............ 513 76 159 26 35 215 667 49 44 1 24 283 99 167

West ..................................... 1,175 186 392 113 37 446 1,657 173 115 9 76 674 186 424

 Mountain ............................. 323 43 117 23 11 127 444 32 25 3 20 193 61 111

 Pacific ................................. 852 142 275 91 26 316 1,212 141 90 6 57 481 125 313

Women

Northeast .............................. 1,004 61 296 175 117 356 2,935 101 163 196 1,040 654 168 613

 New England ...................... 286 20 79 67 24 95 887 22 35 58 343 199 54 175

 Middle Atlantic .................... 718 41 217 108 93 259 2,048 79 127 138 697 454 114 438

Midwest ................................ 1,216 89 424 82 73 547 3,696 89 146 169 1,325 966 257 744

 East North Central .............. 817 59 276 59 59 364 2,546 66 103 132 900 657 169 519

 West North Central ............. 399 29 148 23 14 184 1,150 23 43 37 424 309 88 226

South .................................... 1,840 164 520 158 147 851 4,144 162 238 222 1,203 1,013 289 1,016

 South Atlantic ..................... 1,007 85 272 95 140 415 2,148 75 118 132 638 499 166 520

 East South Central ............. 316 29 91 21 4 171 732 30 43 33 204 200 49 173

 West South Central ............ 518 50 157 42 3 265 1,263 57 77 57 362 314 74 322

West ..................................... 1,043 113 334 124 4 467 3,220 177 174 155 1,066 781 156 712

 Mountain ............................. 299 29 105 28 1 137 908 36 38 48 316 228 51 190

 Pacific ................................. 744 84 230 96 3 332 2,312 141 136 106 749 553 105 522

See footnotes at end of table.

35
Table 8. Census regions and divisions: Persons at work 1 to 34 hours by sex, race, Hispanic origin, reason for working less than 35 hours,

and usual status, 1999 annual averages — Continued

(In thousands)

Population group and area

Usually work full time Usually work part time

Total

Slack

work or

business

conditions

Vacation

or

personal

day

Holiday,

legal or

religious

Weatherrelated

curtailment

Other

reasons1Total

Slack

work or

business

conditions

Could

only find

part-time

work

Childcare

problems

Other

family or

personal

obligations

In

school

or

training

Retired

or Social

Security

limit on

earnings

Other

reasons2

White

Northeast .............................. 1,653 122 516 273 192 550 3,871 143 203 188 1,058 1,055 397 827

 New England ...................... 505 38 149 111 42 165 1,204 38 49 59 359 323 127 248

 Middle Atlantic .................... 1,148 84 368 162 149 384 2,666 105 154 130 698 731 269 578

Midwest ................................ 2,097 171 809 118 164 834 5,084 154 180 161 1,351 1,669 545 1,026

 East North Central .............. 1,355 117 509 76 119 535 3,409 115 121 125 897 1,103 356 692

 West North Central ............. 742 54 301 42 45 299 1,675 39 58 36 454 567 188 333

South .................................... 2,778 283 862 192 300 1,141 5,204 224 239 179 1,145 1,537 576 1,306

 South Atlantic ..................... 1,437 134 418 115 244 527 2,603 97 104 102 592 733 316 660

 East South Central ............. 488 50 164 24 24 227 935 41 43 24 196 296 107 228

 West South Central ............ 853 99 279 54 33 388 1,665 86 92 53 357 508 153 415

West ..................................... 1,896 263 634 183 37 778 4,359 316 245 144 1,061 1,222 310 1,063

 Mountain ............................. 575 68 209 44 11 243 1,318 65 62 49 333 398 111 299

 Pacific ................................. 1,321 195 425 139 26 536 3,041 250 182 95 728 824 199 764

Black

Northeast .............................. 186 13 47 28 19 79 366 37 59 17 40 110 18 86

 New England ...................... 28 1 6 6 2 12 56 4 11 4 6 17 3 12

 Middle Atlantic .................... 158 11 41 22 17 65 309 34 48 13 34 93 15 73

Midwest ................................ 221 23 62 20 9 106 391 27 58 16 48 116 29 97

 East North Central .............. 188 19 53 18 8 90 327 23 43 14 43 96 24 83

 West North Central ............. 33 4 9 2 1 16 64 5 15 1 5 20 5 13

South .................................... 714 89 153 74 77 319 1,089 81 133 47 124 332 91 281

 South Atlantic ..................... 439 49 94 49 68 178 638 48 78 33 74 197 59 149

 East South Central ............. 131 19 28 13 5 68 186 13 25 10 21 58 10 49

 West South Central ............ 145 21 31 12 4 74 266 20 31 5 29 77 22 81

West ..................................... 105 10 29 19 2 44 180 17 18 9 23 60 12 42

 Mountain ............................. 16 1 3 3 3 ( ) 8 27 2 2 1 3 12 1 6

 Pacific ................................. 89 9 26 16 2 36 153 15 16 8 20 48 11 35

Hispanic origin

Northeast .............................. 130 14 23 22 14 57 256 23 34 19 42 74 4 61

 New England ...................... 23 1 4 5 1 11 53 3 7 2 8 18 1 13

 Middle Atlantic .................... 107 12 18 17 13 47 204 20 27 16 34 56 3 48

Midwest ................................ 70 11 17 6 6 30 139 10 10 8 28 49 7 27

 East North Central .............. 54 8 14 5 5 22 112 8 7 7 23 40 4 22

 West North Central ............. 17 3 3 1 1 7 27 2 3 1 5 9 2 6

South .................................... 361 61 72 21 49 157 618 62 70 31 96 171 29 159

 South Atlantic ..................... 143 19 24 10 36 54 213 23 25 13 32 55 13 51

 East South Central ............. 6 1 1 0 3 () 4 7 1 1 3 () 1 2 1 2

 West South Central ............ 211 41 47 11 13 101 397 38 44 17 63 113 15 108

West ..................................... 422 98 86 39 18 180 813 126 75 39 143 235 24 171

 Mountain ............................. 93 18 22 7 3 44 190 18 14 12 33 60 9 43

 Pacific ................................. 329 79 65 32 15 138 623 108 61 28 109 175 15 127

1 Includes seasonal work, job started or ended, own illness, child-care

problems, other family or personal obligations, labor dispute, in school or training,

civic or military duty, and all other reasons. 2 Includes seasonal work, health and medical limitations, full-time workweek

less than 35 hours, and all other reasons. 3 Less than 500 persons.

 NOTE: Items may not add to totals because of rounding. Detail for race and

Hispanic-origin groups will not add to totals because data for the "other races"

group are not presented and Hispanics are included in both the white and black

population groups. Levels incorporate updated 1990 census-based population

controls.

36
Table 9. Census regions and divisions: Employed persons with a job but not at work by sex, race, Hispanic origin, and reason not at

work, 1999 annual averages

(In thousands)

Population group and area Total Vacation Child-care

problems1 Own illness Other reasons2

TOTAL

Northeast ............................................................................ 1,076 619 103 216 138

 New England .................................................................... 312 185 28 58 42

 Middle Atlantic .................................................................. 763 434 75 158 96

Midwest .............................................................................. 1,399 742 160 272 226

 East North Central ............................................................ 990 530 102 205 153

 West North Central ........................................................... 409 212 57 67 72

South .................................................................................. 1,730 893 188 384 265

 South Atlantic ................................................................... 902 463 108 196 136

 East South Central ........................................................... 300 142 28 72 57

 West South Central .......................................................... 528 288 52 115 73

West ................................................................................... 1,198 642 142 224 190

 Mountain ........................................................................... 347 191 41 56 60

 Pacific ............................................................................... 851 451 101 168 130

Men

Northeast ............................................................................ 466 284 10 103 70

 New England .................................................................... 141 88 2 28 23

 Middle Atlantic .................................................................. 325 196 8 75 47

Midwest .............................................................................. 589 334 21 121 113

 East North Central ............................................................ 424 245 14 89 76

 West North Central ........................................................... 165 89 6 32 37

South .................................................................................. 737 380 33 188 136

 South Atlantic ................................................................... 386 203 17 98 68

 East South Central ........................................................... 124 56 6 33 29

 West South Central .......................................................... 227 121 10 56 39

West ................................................................................... 522 296 23 112 91

 Mountain ........................................................................... 151 87 7 27 29

 Pacific ............................................................................... 371 209 16 85 62

Women

Northeast ............................................................................ 609 335 92 113 68

 New England .................................................................... 171 97 25 30 19

 Middle Atlantic .................................................................. 438 238 67 83 49

Midwest .............................................................................. 810 408 139 151 113

 East North Central ............................................................ 566 284 88 116 78

 West North Central ........................................................... 244 123 51 35 35

South .................................................................................. 993 513 155 196 129

 South Atlantic ................................................................... 516 260 91 97 67

 East South Central ........................................................... 176 86 23 39 27

 West South Central .......................................................... 301 167 42 59 34

West ................................................................................... 676 346 119 112 99

 Mountain ........................................................................... 197 104 34 29 31

 Pacific ............................................................................... 479 242 85 84 68

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 9. Census regions and divisions: Employed persons with a job but not at work by sex, race, Hispanic origin, and reason not at

work, 1999 annual averages — Continued

(In thousands)

Population group and area Total Vacation Child-care

problems1 Own illness Other reasons2

White

Northeast ............................................................................ 948 551 87 188 122

 New England .................................................................... 291 173 26 53 40

 Middle Atlantic .................................................................. 657 378 61 135 82

Midwest .............................................................................. 1,257 679 141 226 210

 East North Central ............................................................ 874 478 89 166 141

 West North Central ........................................................... 384 202 53 60 69

South .................................................................................. 1,393 740 153 290 210

 South Atlantic ................................................................... 711 378 84 148 101

 East South Central ........................................................... 238 114 25 52 47

 West South Central .......................................................... 444 248 44 91 61

West ................................................................................... 1,032 555 119 193 165

 Mountain ........................................................................... 324 177 38 52 57

 Pacific ............................................................................... 709 378 81 141 108

Black

Northeast ............................................................................ 95 49 11 24 11

 New England .................................................................... 14 8 1 4 1

 Middle Atlantic .................................................................. 81 41 10 20 10

Midwest .............................................................................. 115 48 16 39 12

 East North Central ............................................................ 98 42 13 34 10

 West North Central ........................................................... 17 6 4 5 2

South .................................................................................. 297 132 29 86 50

 South Atlantic ................................................................... 174 77 20 46 31

 East South Central ........................................................... 58 26 3 20 9

 West South Central .......................................................... 65 30 5 20 10

West ................................................................................... 49 24 7 11 8

 Mountain ........................................................................... 95121

 Pacific ............................................................................... 40 18 6 9 7

Hispanic origin

Northeast ............................................................................ 63 36 6 15 6

 New England .................................................................... 10 5 3 () 3 1

 Middle Atlantic .................................................................. 53 30 6 12 5

Midwest .............................................................................. 42 22 6 8 5

 East North Central ............................................................ 33 17 5 6 4

South .................................................................................. 153 79 21 34 18

 South Atlantic ................................................................... 52 27 7 10 8

 West South Central .......................................................... 98 52 13 24 10

West ................................................................................... 202 98 29 49 26

 Mountain ........................................................................... 50 24 8 11 6

 Pacific ............................................................................... 152 74 21 37 20

1 Includes maternity or paternity leave and other family obligations. 2 Includes labor dispute, bad weather, in school or training, civic or military

duty, and all other reasons. 3 Less than 500 persons.

 NOTE: Data for demographic groups are not shown when they do not meet

BLS publication standards of reliability for the particular area based on the

sample in that area. See appendix B. Items may not add to totals because of

rounding. Detail for race and Hispanic-origin groups will not add to totals

because data for the "other races" group are not presented and Hispanics are

included in both the white and black population groups. Levels incorporate

updated 1990 census-based population controls.
Table 10. Census regions and divisions: Percent distribution of unemployed persons by sex, age, race, Hispanic origin, and reason

for unemployment, 1999 annual averages

Population group and area

Total unemployed Job losers and persons who

completed temporary jobs1

Job leavers Reentrants New entrants

Number

(in thousands) Percent Total On temporarylayoff

TOTAL

Northeast .............................................................. 1,149 100.0 48.4 15.1 11.7 32.3 7.7

 New England ...................................................... 235 100.0 50.2 14.9 14.0 30.2 5.5

 Middle Atlantic .................................................... 915 100.0 47.9 15.2 11.1 32.8 8.2

Midwest ................................................................ 1,198 100.0 45.2 18.3 13.6 34.6 6.5

 East North Central .............................................. 894 100.0 45.7 18.1 12.5 34.8 6.9

 West North Central ............................................. 303 100.0 43.9 18.8 16.8 34.0 5.3

South .................................................................... 1,994 100.0 40.9 11.0 14.9 35.0 9.1

 South Atlantic ..................................................... 938 100.0 40.3 10.9 16.2 35.1 8.4

 East South Central ............................................. 368 100.0 42.4 13.3 12.2 34.8 10.9

 West South Central ............................................ 687 100.0 40.9 10.2 14.7 35.1 9.3

West ..................................................................... 1,533 100.0 46.1 15.3 12.1 33.9 7.9

 Mountain ............................................................. 369 100.0 39.6 15.4 17.3 36.3 6.8

 Pacific ................................................................. 1,163 100.0 48.2 15.3 10.5 33.2 8.3

Men

Northeast .............................................................. 615 100.0 54.6 16.7 11.5 27.2 6.3

 New England ...................................................... 127 100.0 55.9 16.5 12.6 24.4 6.3

 Middle Atlantic .................................................... 488 100.0 54.3 16.8 11.3 27.9 6.4

Midwest ................................................................ 644 100.0 53.4 22.7 11.6 29.8 5.1

 East North Central .............................................. 471 100.0 54.1 22.5 10.6 29.5 5.7

 West North Central ............................................. 173 100.0 51.4 23.1 14.5 30.1 3.5

South .................................................................... 988 100.0 46.4 12.6 14.6 30.2 8.9

 South Atlantic ..................................................... 446 100.0 44.4 11.4 16.1 31.2 8.3

 East South Central ............................................. 197 100.0 50.3 15.7 11.7 26.9 10.7

 West South Central ............................................ 345 100.0 46.4 12.2 14.2 31.0 8.4

West ..................................................................... 817 100.0 51.8 17.1 12.0 29.0 7.1

 Mountain ............................................................. 195 100.0 45.6 18.5 14.9 32.3 7.2

 Pacific ................................................................. 622 100.0 53.7 16.7 11.1 28.0 7.2

Women

Northeast .............................................................. 535 100.0 40.9 13.1 12.0 37.9 9.2

 New England ...................................................... 108 100.0 43.5 13.0 15.7 37.0 4.6

 Middle Atlantic .................................................... 427 100.0 40.5 13.1 11.0 38.4 10.3

Midwest ................................................................ 554 100.0 35.7 13.2 15.9 40.3 8.1

 East North Central .............................................. 423 100.0 36.4 13.2 14.7 40.7 8.3

 West North Central ............................................. 131 100.0 33.6 13.7 19.8 38.9 6.9

South .................................................................... 1,006 100.0 35.5 9.6 15.3 39.8 9.3

 South Atlantic ..................................................... 492 100.0 36.4 10.4 16.3 38.8 8.5

 East South Central ............................................. 172 100.0 32.6 10.5 12.8 43.6 10.5

 West South Central ............................................ 343 100.0 35.3 8.2 15.2 39.4 9.9

West ..................................................................... 716 100.0 39.5 13.3 12.3 39.5 8.7

 Mountain ............................................................. 175 100.0 32.6 12.0 20.0 40.6 6.3

 Pacific ................................................................. 541 100.0 41.8 13.5 9.6 39.2 9.4

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 10. Census regions and divisions: Percent distribution of unemployed persons by sex, age, race, Hispanic origin, and reason

for unemployment, 1999 annual averages — Continued

Population group and area

Total unemployed Job losers and persons who

completed temporary jobs1

Job leavers Reentrants New entrants

Number

(in thousands) Percent Total On temporarylayoff

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

Northeast .............................................................. 192 100.0 14.6 6.3 7.3 47.4 30.7

 Middle Atlantic .................................................... 154 100.0 14.3 7.1 6.5 47.4 31.8

Midwest ................................................................ 262 100.0 13.4 5.0 11.1 54.2 21.4

 East North Central .............................................. 198 100.0 12.6 4.5 11.1 54.0 22.2

South .................................................................... 421 100.0 15.2 4.8 10.9 43.2 30.6

 South Atlantic ..................................................... 187 100.0 15.5 4.8 12.8 43.3 28.3

 East South Central ............................................. 79 100.0 15.2 5.1 12.7 40.5 31.6

 West South Central ............................................ 155 100.0 14.8 4.5 7.7 44.5 32.3

West ..................................................................... 285 100.0 15.8 6.0 8.8 46.3 29.5

 Mountain ............................................................. 84 100.0 13.1 6.0 14.3 51.2 21.4

 Pacific ................................................................. 201 100.0 16.9 6.0 6.5 43.8 32.8

White

Northeast .............................................................. 842 100.0 50.1 17.3 12.7 30.6 6.5

 New England ...................................................... 200 100.0 52.0 16.0 14.0 28.5 5.5

 Middle Atlantic .................................................... 642 100.0 49.5 17.9 12.3 31.3 6.7

Midwest ................................................................ 914 100.0 47.0 20.8 14.7 31.8 6.3

 East North Central .............................................. 668 100.0 47.3 20.8 13.5 31.9 7.2

 West North Central ............................................. 246 100.0 46.3 20.7 17.9 31.3 4.5

South .................................................................... 1,257 100.0 41.7 12.6 17.2 33.1 8.0

 South Atlantic ..................................................... 521 100.0 41.8 12.7 19.2 32.1 6.9

 East South Central ............................................. 233 100.0 43.8 15.9 15.5 31.8 9.0

 West South Central ............................................ 502 100.0 40.6 11.0 15.9 34.7 8.8

West ..................................................................... 1,256 100.0 47.0 16.5 12.7 33.4 7.1

 Mountain ............................................................. 329 100.0 39.8 16.4 17.3 36.5 6.4

 Pacific ................................................................. 927 100.0 49.5 16.5 11.0 32.1 7.2

Black

Northeast .............................................................. 264 100.0 44.3 8.3 8.3 37.1 10.2

 Middle Atlantic .................................................... 234 100.0 44.9 8.5 7.7 36.8 11.1

Midwest ................................................................ 244 100.0 38.9 10.2 9.8 44.7 6.1

 East North Central .............................................. 206 100.0 40.8 9.7 9.7 43.7 6.3

South .................................................................... 686 100.0 39.5 8.3 10.9 38.3 11.2

 South Atlantic ..................................................... 394 100.0 38.6 8.4 12.4 38.8 10.2

 East South Central ............................................. 132 100.0 40.2 9.1 6.8 38.6 14.4

 West South Central ............................................ 160 100.0 41.3 6.9 10.6 36.9 11.3

West ..................................................................... 114 100.0 39.5 6.1 11.4 38.6 9.6

 Pacific ................................................................. 99 100.0 39.4 6.1 8.1 40.4 10.1

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 10. Census regions and divisions: Percent distribution of unemployed persons by sex, age, race, Hispanic origin, and reason

for unemployment, 1999 annual averages — Continued

Population group and area

Total unemployed Job losers and persons who

completed temporary jobs1

Job leavers Reentrants New entrants

Number

(in thousands) Percent Total On temporarylayoff

Hispanic origin

Northeast .............................................................. 158 100.0 45.6 12.7 8.9 36.1 8.9

 Middle Atlantic .................................................... 137 100.0 45.3 12.4 8.0 38.7 8.0

South .................................................................... 281 100.0 41.3 9.6 12.5 34.9 11.7

 South Atlantic ..................................................... 92 100.0 43.5 9.8 14.1 30.4 10.9

 West South Central ............................................ 187 100.0 39.6 9.6 11.2 36.9 12.3

West ..................................................................... 443 100.0 51.2 21.2 7.9 32.3 8.8

 Mountain ............................................................. 101 100.0 44.6 22.8 11.9 34.7 8.9

 Pacific ................................................................. 342 100.0 53.5 20.8 6.4 31.6 8.8

1 Formerly called "job losers". 

 NOTE: Data for demographic groups are not shown when they do not meet

BLS publication standards of reliability for the particular area based on the

sample in that area. See appendix B. Items may not add to totals because of

rounding. Detail for race and Hispanic-origin groups will not add to totals

because data for the "other races" group are not presented and Hispanics are

included in both the white and black population groups. Levels incorporate

updated 1990 census-based population controls.
Table 11. Census regions and divisions: Percent distribution of unemployed persons by sex, age, race, Hispanic origin, and duration

of unemployment, 1999 annual averages

Population group and area

Total unemployed

Less than

5 weeks

5 to 14

weeks

15 weeks and over

Number

(in thousands)

Percent Total 15 to 26

weeks

27 weeks and over

Total 27 to 51

weeks

52 weeks

and over

TOTAL

Northeast .................................................................. 1,149 100.0 37.8 30.7 31.5 15.6 15.8 7.3 8.5

 New England .......................................................... 235 100.0 44.7 30.6 25.1 14.0 10.6 6.4 4.3

 Middle Atlantic ........................................................ 915 100.0 36.1 30.8 33.1 16.0 17.2 7.5 9.7

Midwest .................................................................... 1,198 100.0 47.2 30.9 21.9 11.9 9.9 4.3 5.7

 East North Central .................................................. 894 100.0 46.5 31.7 21.9 11.6 10.3 4.5 5.8

 West North Central ................................................. 303 100.0 49.5 28.7 21.8 12.9 8.9 3.6 5.3

South ........................................................................ 1,994 100.0 44.6 31.7 23.6 12.0 11.6 5.0 6.6

 South Atlantic ......................................................... 938 100.0 43.0 32.3 24.7 11.6 13.1 5.9 7.2

 East South Central ................................................. 368 100.0 44.6 32.9 22.6 11.4 11.1 3.8 7.1

 West South Central ................................................ 687 100.0 47.0 30.3 22.7 12.8 9.8 4.4 5.4

West ......................................................................... 1,533 100.0 44.0 30.9 25.0 12.6 12.5 5.8 6.7

 Mountain ................................................................. 369 100.0 50.1 29.5 20.6 11.1 9.5 4.9 4.9

 Pacific ..................................................................... 1,163 100.0 42.1 31.4 26.5 13.1 13.4 6.1 7.2

Men

Northeast .................................................................. 615 100.0 35.3 31.1 33.7 16.3 17.4 8.1 9.3

 New England .......................................................... 127 100.0 41.7 30.7 27.6 15.7 11.8 6.3 5.5

 Middle Atlantic ........................................................ 488 100.0 33.4 31.1 35.2 16.6 18.6 8.4 10.2

Midwest .................................................................... 644 100.0 45.7 31.7 22.5 12.3 10.2 4.3 6.1

 East North Central .................................................. 471 100.0 45.2 31.8 22.9 12.1 10.6 4.5 6.4

 West North Central ................................................. 173 100.0 46.8 31.2 22.0 12.7 9.2 4.0 5.2

South ........................................................................ 988 100.0 45.2 31.2 23.6 11.8 11.7 4.9 6.9

 South Atlantic ......................................................... 446 100.0 44.4 30.9 24.7 11.4 13.5 5.6 7.6

 East South Central ................................................. 197 100.0 43.7 32.5 23.9 11.7 12.2 4.1 8.1

 West South Central ................................................ 345 100.0 47.2 30.7 22.0 12.5 9.6 4.3 4.9

West ......................................................................... 817 100.0 42.8 31.1 26.1 12.9 13.3 5.9 7.5

 Mountain ................................................................. 195 100.0 49.7 28.2 22.1 11.3 10.8 5.6 5.1

 Pacific ..................................................................... 622 100.0 40.7 32.0 27.5 13.3 14.1 5.9 8.4

Women

Northeast .................................................................. 535 100.0 40.7 30.5 29.0 14.8 14.2 6.4 7.7

 New England .......................................................... 108 100.0 47.2 30.6 22.2 13.0 9.3 6.5 2.8

 Middle Atlantic ........................................................ 427 100.0 38.9 30.4 30.7 15.2 15.5 6.3 9.1

Midwest .................................................................... 554 100.0 49.1 29.8 21.1 11.6 9.6 4.3 5.2

 East North Central .................................................. 423 100.0 47.8 31.2 21.0 11.1 9.9 4.5 5.2

 West North Central ................................................. 131 100.0 52.7 25.2 21.4 13.0 8.4 3.1 4.6

South ........................................................................ 1,006 100.0 44.1 32.3 23.6 12.1 11.4 5.2 6.3

 South Atlantic ......................................................... 492 100.0 41.7 33.5 24.8 11.8 13.0 6.1 6.9

 East South Central ................................................. 172 100.0 45.3 33.7 20.9 11.0 9.9 4.1 5.8

 West South Central ................................................ 343 100.0 46.9 29.7 23.3 13.1 10.2 4.4 5.5

West ......................................................................... 716 100.0 45.4 30.7 23.9 12.3 11.5 5.9 5.6

 Mountain ................................................................. 175 100.0 50.3 30.9 18.9 10.9 8.6 4.0 4.6

 Pacific ..................................................................... 541 100.0 43.8 30.9 25.5 12.9 12.6 6.5 6.1

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 11. Census regions and divisions: Percent distribution of unemployed persons by sex, age, race, Hispanic origin, and duration

of unemployment, 1999 annual averages — Continued

Population group and area

Total unemployed

Less than

5 weeks

5 to 14

weeks

15 weeks and over

Number

(in thousands)

Percent Total 15 to 26

weeks

27 weeks and over

Total 27 to 51

weeks

52 weeks

and over

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

Northeast .................................................................. 192 100.0 48.4 34.9 16.7 8.9 7.3 3.6 3.6

 Middle Atlantic ........................................................ 154 100.0 46.1 35.1 18.8 9.7 8.4 3.9 4.5

Midwest .................................................................... 262 100.0 58.4 30.5 11.5 7.3 3.8 1.9 1.9

 East North Central .................................................. 198 100.0 57.1 30.8 12.1 8.1 4.0 2.5 2.0

South ........................................................................ 421 100.0 52.5 32.8 14.7 8.1 6.7 3.3 3.3

 South Atlantic ......................................................... 187 100.0 50.3 33.7 16.0 8.0 8.0 4.3 3.7

 East South Central ................................................. 79 100.0 54.4 31.6 13.9 10.1 5.1 .0 3.8

 West South Central ................................................ 155 100.0 54.2 31.6 13.5 7.7 6.5 3.2 2.6

West ......................................................................... 285 100.0 52.3 31.6 16.5 9.5 6.7 4.2 2.8

 Mountain ................................................................. 84 100.0 58.3 28.6 13.1 9.5 4.8 3.6 1.2

 Pacific ..................................................................... 201 100.0 49.8 32.8 17.4 9.5 8.0 4.5 3.0

White

Northeast .................................................................. 842 100.0 40.6 31.1 28.3 15.0 13.2 6.1 7.1

 New England .......................................................... 200 100.0 45.0 30.5 24.5 14.0 10.5 6.0 4.5

 Middle Atlantic ........................................................ 642 100.0 39.3 31.3 29.4 15.3 14.0 6.1 7.9

Midwest .................................................................... 914 100.0 49.7 31.0 19.4 10.8 8.6 3.7 4.9

 East North Central .................................................. 668 100.0 49.0 31.7 19.3 10.3 9.0 3.9 4.9

 West North Central ................................................. 246 100.0 51.6 28.9 19.5 11.8 7.7 3.3 4.5

South ........................................................................ 1,257 100.0 48.2 31.0 20.8 11.3 9.5 4.4 5.1

 South Atlantic ......................................................... 521 100.0 47.6 31.5 20.9 9.8 11.1 5.6 5.6

 East South Central ................................................. 233 100.0 47.2 32.2 20.6 11.6 9.0 3.9 5.2

 West South Central ................................................ 502 100.0 49.2 30.1 20.5 12.7 8.0 3.4 4.4

West ......................................................................... 1,256 100.0 45.7 30.8 23.5 12.1 11.4 5.5 5.8

 Mountain ................................................................. 329 100.0 50.5 29.2 20.4 10.9 9.1 4.9 4.6

 Pacific ..................................................................... 927 100.0 43.9 31.4 24.7 12.5 12.1 5.8 6.4

Black

Northeast .................................................................. 264 100.0 28.8 28.8 42.4 17.8 24.6 11.4 13.3

 Middle Atlantic ........................................................ 234 100.0 27.4 28.6 44.0 17.9 26.1 12.0 14.5

Midwest .................................................................... 244 100.0 38.9 29.9 30.7 15.6 15.6 7.0 8.6

 East North Central .................................................. 206 100.0 38.8 30.6 30.6 15.0 15.5 6.8 8.7

South ........................................................................ 686 100.0 38.0 32.9 29.0 13.1 16.0 6.3 9.8

 South Atlantic ......................................................... 394 100.0 36.8 33.2 29.9 14.0 16.0 6.3 9.9

 East South Central ................................................. 132 100.0 40.2 34.1 25.8 10.6 15.2 4.5 10.6

 West South Central ................................................ 160 100.0 40.0 31.3 29.4 13.1 16.9 8.1 8.8

West ......................................................................... 114 100.0 30.7 31.6 37.7 17.5 19.3 8.8 10.5

 Pacific ..................................................................... 99 100.0 28.3 31.3 39.4 19.2 20.2 9.1 11.1

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 11. Census regions and divisions: Percent distribution of unemployed persons by sex, age, race, Hispanic origin, and duration

of unemployment, 1999 annual averages — Continued

Population group and area

Total unemployed

Less than

5 weeks

5 to 14

weeks

15 weeks and over

Number

(in thousands)

Percent Total 15 to 26

weeks

27 weeks and over

Total 27 to 51

weeks

52 weeks

and over

Hispanic origin

Northeast .................................................................. 158 100.0 33.5 27.8 38.0 17.1 20.9 8.2 12.7

 Middle Atlantic ........................................................ 137 100.0 31.4 27.7 40.9 17.5 22.6 8.8 13.9

South ........................................................................ 281 100.0 50.2 29.2 20.6 11.7 8.9 2.8 6.0

 South Atlantic ......................................................... 92 100.0 47.8 30.4 21.7 8.7 13.0 4.3 8.7

 West South Central ................................................ 187 100.0 51.3 28.3 20.3 13.4 7.0 2.1 4.8

West ......................................................................... 443 100.0 46.3 32.5 21.2 12.2 9.0 4.5 4.5

 Mountain ................................................................. 101 100.0 46.5 31.7 22.8 13.9 8.9 4.0 4.0

 Pacific ..................................................................... 342 100.0 46.2 33.0 21.1 11.7 9.4 4.7 4.7

 NOTE: Data for demographic groups are not shown when they do not meet

BLS publication standards of reliability for the particular area based on the

sample in that area. See appendix B. Items may not add to totals because of

rounding. Detail for race and Hispanic-origin groups will not add to totals

because data for the "other races" group are not presented and Hispanics are

included in both the white and black population groups. Levels incorporate

updated 1990 census-based population controls.
Section II. Estimates for States

45




Table 12. States: Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by sex, age, race, and Hispanic origin, 1999 annual averages

(Numbers in thousands)

Area and population group

Civilian noninstitutional

population

Civilian labor force Employment Unemployment

Number Percent of

Population Number Percent ofPopulation Number Rate Error range of rate1

UNITED STATES

Total ................................................................................ 207,753 139,368 67.1 133,488 64.3 5,880 4.2 4.1 - 4.3

 Men ................................................................................ 99,722 74,512 74.7 71,446 71.6 3,066 4.1 4.0 - 4.2

 Women .......................................................................... 108,031 64,855 60.0 62,042 57.4 2,814 4.3 4.2 - 4.4

 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................ 16,040 8,333 52.0 7,172 44.7 1,162 13.9 13.4 - 14.4

 White ............................................................................. 173,085 116,509 67.3 112,235 64.8 4,273 3.7 3.6 - 3.8

 Men ............................................................................... 83,930 63,413 75.6 61,139 72.8 2,274 3.6 3.5 - 3.7

 Women ......................................................................... 89,156 53,096 59.6 51,096 57.3 1,999 3.8 3.7 - 3.9

 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ........................................... 12,700 7,048 55.5 6,204 48.8 844 12.0 11.5 - 12.5

 Black .............................................................................. 24,855 16,365 65.8 15,056 60.6 1,309 8.0 7.7 - 8.3

 Men ............................................................................... 11,143 7,652 68.7 7,027 63.1 626 8.2 7.8 - 8.6

 Women ......................................................................... 13,711 8,713 63.5 8,029 58.6 684 7.8 7.4 - 8.2

 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ........................................... 2,479 959 38.7 691 27.9 268 27.9 26.4 - 29.4

 Hispanic origin ............................................................... 21,650 14,665 67.7 13,720 63.4 945 6.4 6.1 - 6.7

 Men ............................................................................... 10,713 8,546 79.8 8,067 75.3 480 5.6 5.3 - 5.9

 Women ......................................................................... 10,937 6,119 55.9 5,653 51.7 466 7.6 7.2 - 8.0

 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ........................................... 2,307 1,049 45.5 854 37.0 196 18.6 17.2 - 20.0

Alabama

Total ................................................................................ 3,391 2,145 63.3 2,043 60.3 102 4.8 4.2 - 5.4

 Men ................................................................................ 1,614 1,139 70.5 1,088 67.4 51 4.5 3.7 - 5.3

 Women .......................................................................... 1,777 1,007 56.7 955 53.8 51 5.1 4.2 - 6.0

 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................ 280 128 45.8 106 37.9 22 17.1 13.6 - 20.6

 White ............................................................................. 2,464 1,589 64.5 1,535 62.3 54 3.4 2.8 - 4.0

 Men ............................................................................... 1,197 882 73.7 855 71.4 27 3.1 2.4 - 3.8

 Women ......................................................................... 1,267 707 55.8 680 53.7 27 3.9 3.0 - 4.8

 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ........................................... 185 96 51.8 81 43.8 15 15.5 11.5 - 19.5

 Black .............................................................................. 893 529 59.3 482 54.0 47 8.9 7.4 - 10.4

 Men ............................................................................... 401 244 60.9 221 55.0 23 9.6 7.4 - 11.8

 Women ......................................................................... 492 285 58.0 261 53.1 24 8.4 6.5 - 10.3

Alaska

Total ................................................................................ 429 315 73.5 295 68.8 20 6.4 5.7 - 7.1

 Men ................................................................................ 212 171 80.6 159 74.9 12 7.0 6.1 - 7.9

 Women .......................................................................... 217 145 66.6 136 62.8 8 5.6 4.7 - 6.5

 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................ 40 20 51.8 17 43.3 3 16.4 14.0 - 18.8

 White ............................................................................. 335 250 74.8 237 70.8 13 5.3 4.6 - 6.0

 Men ............................................................................... 168 138 82.0 130 77.4 8 5.6 4.7 - 6.5

 Women ......................................................................... 166 112 67.5 107 64.2 6 4.9 4.0 - 5.8

 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ........................................... 27 15 54.0 13 46.5 2 14.0 11.1 - 16.9

 Black .............................................................................. 13 10 80.9 10 75.2 1 7.0 4.4 - 9.6

 Men ............................................................................... 7 6 89.5 6 81.4 1 9.1 6.5 - 11.7

 Women ......................................................................... 6 4 70.1 4 67.4 2 ( ) 3.8 3 () - 3 ( )

 Hispanic origin ............................................................... 11 8 79.4 8 73.5 1 7.4 4.7 - 10.1

 Men ............................................................................... 5 4 83.8 4 75.7 2 ( ) 9.7 3 () - 3 ( )

 Women ......................................................................... 6 4 75.6 4 71.6 2 ( ) 5.2 3 () - 3 ( )

Arizona

Total ................................................................................ 3,570 2,364 66.2 2,260 63.3 104 4.4 3.9 - 4.9

 Men ................................................................................ 1,699 1,271 74.8 1,221 71.8 50 3.9 3.2 - 4.6

 Women .......................................................................... 1,871 1,093 58.4 1,039 55.5 54 4.9 4.1 - 5.7

 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................ 301 154 51.2 133 44.1 21 13.8 10.7 - 16.9

 White ............................................................................. 3,269 2,165 66.2 2,072 63.4 93 4.3 3.8 - 4.8

 Men ............................................................................... 1,569 1,183 75.4 1,139 72.6 43 3.7 3.0 - 4.4

 Women ......................................................................... 1,700 983 57.8 933 54.9 50 5.0 4.2 - 5.8

 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ........................................... 268 140 52.1 120 44.7 20 14.1 10.9 - 17.3

 Black .............................................................................. 139 100 71.7 93 66.9 7 6.7 4.1 - 9.3

 Women ......................................................................... 75 52 69.3 50 66.4 2 4.3 1.0 - 7.6

 Hispanic origin ............................................................... 903 602 66.7 564 62.4 38 6.3 4.8 - 7.8

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 12. States: Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by sex, age, race, and Hispanic origin, 1999 annual averages —

Continued

(Numbers in thousands)

Area and population group

Civilian noninstitutional

population

Civilian labor force Employment Unemployment

Number Percent of

Population Number Percent ofPopulation Number Rate Error range of rate1

Arizona–Continued

 Men ............................................................................... 443 352 79.6 336 75.8 16 4.7 3.3 - 6.1

 Women ......................................................................... 460 249 54.2 228 49.5 22 8.7 6.6 - 10.8

Arkansas

Total ................................................................................ 1,946 1,222 62.8 1,167 60.0 55 4.5 3.9 - 5.1

 Men ................................................................................ 935 652 69.7 622 66.5 30 4.6 3.8 - 5.4

 Women .......................................................................... 1,011 570 56.4 546 54.0 25 4.3 3.5 - 5.1

 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................ 145 70 48.7 57 39.3 14 19.3 15.2 - 23.4

 White ............................................................................. 1,593 1,006 63.1 971 61.0 34 3.4 2.8 - 4.0

 Men ............................................................................... 769 547 71.1 527 68.5 20 3.6 2.8 - 4.4

 Women ......................................................................... 824 459 55.7 444 53.9 14 3.1 2.3 - 3.9

 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ........................................... 106 56 53.1 48 45.0 9 15.2 11.0 - 19.4

 Black .............................................................................. 323 197 60.8 177 54.6 20 10.2 8.1 - 12.3

 Men ............................................................................... 150 94 62.4 84 55.7 10 10.7 7.7 - 13.7

 Women ......................................................................... 173 103 59.5 93 53.7 10 9.7 6.9 - 12.5

California

Total ................................................................................ 25,028 16,586 66.3 15,722 62.8 864 5.2 5.0 - 5.4

 Men ................................................................................ 12,176 9,115 74.9 8,654 71.1 461 5.1 4.8 - 5.4

 Women .......................................................................... 12,852 7,471 58.1 7,068 55.0 404 5.4 5.0 - 5.8

 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................ 1,941 848 43.7 709 36.5 139 16.4 14.7 - 18.1

 White ............................................................................. 20,021 13,399 66.9 12,717 63.5 683 5.1 4.8 - 5.4

 Men ............................................................................... 9,823 7,479 76.1 7,122 72.5 358 4.8 4.4 - 5.2

 Women ......................................................................... 10,198 5,920 58.0 5,595 54.9 325 5.5 5.1 - 5.9

 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ........................................... 1,526 723 47.4 613 40.2 110 15.3 13.5 - 17.1

 Black .............................................................................. 1,683 1,056 62.7 967 57.5 88 8.4 7.3 - 9.5

 Men ............................................................................... 785 518 66.0 472 60.2 46 8.9 7.3 - 10.5

 Women ......................................................................... 899 537 59.8 495 55.1 42 7.9 6.4 - 9.4

 Hispanic origin ............................................................... 6,694 4,563 68.2 4,244 63.4 319 7.0 6.5 - 7.5

 Men ............................................................................... 3,353 2,716 81.0 2,554 76.2 161 5.9 5.3 - 6.5

 Women ......................................................................... 3,341 1,847 55.3 1,690 50.6 157 8.5 7.6 - 9.4

 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ........................................... 725 304 41.9 242 33.4 62 20.3 17.3 - 23.3

Colorado

Total ................................................................................ 3,080 2,264 73.5 2,198 71.4 66 2.9 2.5 - 3.3

 Men ................................................................................ 1,537 1,232 80.1 1,196 77.8 35 2.9 2.3 - 3.5

 Women .......................................................................... 1,543 1,032 66.9 1,002 64.9 30 3.0 2.4 - 3.6

 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................ 232 136 58.7 120 51.6 16 12.0 9.3 - 14.7

 White ............................................................................. 2,875 2,125 73.9 2,066 71.9 59 2.8 2.4 - 3.2

 Men ............................................................................... 1,436 1,154 80.4 1,123 78.2 32 2.8 2.2 - 3.4

 Women ......................................................................... 1,439 971 67.5 943 65.6 27 2.8 2.2 - 3.4

 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ........................................... 211 127 60.3 112 53.3 15 11.6 8.9 - 14.3

 Hispanic origin ............................................................... 412 298 72.3 282 68.3 16 5.5 4.0 - 7.0

 Men ............................................................................... 211 171 81.1 162 76.7 9 5.5 3.5 - 7.5

 Women ......................................................................... 201 127 63.0 120 59.5 7 5.6 3.3 - 7.9

Connecticut

Total ................................................................................ 2,505 1,692 67.5 1,638 65.4 53 3.2 2.7 - 3.7

 Men ................................................................................ 1,194 882 73.9 851 71.3 31 3.5 2.7 - 4.3

 Women .......................................................................... 1,311 810 61.7 787 60.0 22 2.7 2.0 - 3.4

 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................ 174 87 50.3 79 45.3 9 10.0 6.5 - 13.5

 White ............................................................................. 2,176 1,475 67.8 1,433 65.9 42 2.8 2.3 - 3.3

 Men ............................................................................... 1,045 780 74.6 755 72.3 25 3.2 2.4 - 4.0

 Women ......................................................................... 1,131 695 61.4 678 59.9 17 2.5 1.8 - 3.2

 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ........................................... 139 77 55.2 70 50.6 6 8.4 4.6 - 12.2

 Black .............................................................................. 277 175 63.4 164 59.3 11 6.5 4.3 - 8.7

 Men ............................................................................... 124 81 65.2 74 60.1 6 8.0 4.5 - 11.5

 Women ......................................................................... 153 95 62.0 90 58.7 5 5.2 2.6 - 7.8

 Hispanic origin ............................................................... 191 132 69.3 125 65.6 7 5.3 3.0 - 7.6

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 12. States: Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by sex, age, race, and Hispanic origin, 1999 annual averages —

Continued

(Numbers in thousands)

Area and population group

Civilian noninstitutional

population

Civilian labor force Employment Unemployment

Number Percent of

Population Number Percent ofPopulation Number Rate Error range of rate1

Delaware

Total ................................................................................ 580 389 67.1 375 64.7 14 3.5 3.0 - 4.0

 Men ................................................................................ 279 204 73.1 195 70.2 8 4.1 3.3 - 4.9

 Women .......................................................................... 301 185 61.5 180 59.7 5 2.9 2.2 - 3.6

 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................ 46 26 56.8 23 50.4 3 11.1 7.9 - 14.3

 White ............................................................................. 447 296 66.3 288 64.5 8 2.6 2.1 - 3.1

 Men ............................................................................... 217 158 72.8 153 70.6 5 3.0 2.3 - 3.7

 Women ......................................................................... 230 138 60.1 135 58.8 3 2.2 1.5 - 2.9

 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ........................................... 32 20 62.0 18 56.3 2 9.3 6.0 - 12.6

 Black .............................................................................. 121 84 69.6 79 65.0 6 6.6 5.2 - 8.0

 Men ............................................................................... 56 41 73.0 38 67.0 3 8.2 5.7 - 10.7

 Women ......................................................................... 65 44 66.7 41 63.3 2 5.0 3.1 - 6.9

 Hispanic origin ............................................................... 25 17 70.2 16 66.5 1 5.3 2.5 - 8.1

District of Columbia

Total ................................................................................ 417 282 67.7 264 63.4 18 6.3 5.6 - 7.0

 Men ................................................................................ 192 137 71.6 130 67.7 8 5.5 4.6 - 6.4

 Women .......................................................................... 225 145 64.3 135 59.8 10 7.0 6.0 - 8.0

 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................ 19 7 34.3 4 23.1 2 32.7 25.4 - 40.0

 White ............................................................................. 152 118 77.5 115 75.6 3 2.5 1.8 - 3.2

 Men ............................................................................... 73 61 84.0 59 81.8 2 2.7 1.8 - 3.6

 Women ......................................................................... 79 57 71.6 55 70.0 1 2.3 1.2 - 3.4

 Black .............................................................................. 254 157 61.8 142 56.0 15 9.4 8.3 - 10.5

 Men ............................................................................... 114 73 64.2 67 58.9 6 8.1 6.6 - 9.6

 Women ......................................................................... 140 84 59.9 75 53.7 9 10.4 8.9 - 11.9

 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ........................................... 16 6 35.4 4 22.1 2 37.7 29.6 - 45.8

 Hispanic origin ............................................................... 26 21 80.3 20 78.1 1 2.7 1.4 - 4.0

 Men ............................................................................... 13 11 86.9 11 84.1 2 ( ) 3.2 3 () - 3 ( )

 Women ......................................................................... 13 10 73.7 9 72.2 2 ( ) 2.2 3 () - 3 ( )

Florida

Total ................................................................................ 11,792 7,366 62.5 7,082 60.1 284 3.9 3.6 - 4.2

 Men ................................................................................ 5,605 3,942 70.3 3,804 67.9 138 3.5 3.2 - 3.8

 Women .......................................................................... 6,187 3,425 55.4 3,279 53.0 146 4.3 3.9 - 4.7

 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................ 821 425 51.8 370 45.1 55 13.0 11.3 - 14.7

 White ............................................................................. 9,979 6,111 61.2 5,919 59.3 192 3.1 2.8 - 3.4

 Men ............................................................................... 4,792 3,348 69.9 3,251 67.8 97 2.9 2.6 - 3.2

 Women ......................................................................... 5,187 2,763 53.3 2,668 51.4 95 3.5 3.1 - 3.9

 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ........................................... 631 350 55.5 315 49.9 35 10.0 8.3 - 11.7

 Black .............................................................................. 1,550 1,076 69.4 990 63.9 86 8.0 7.1 - 8.9

 Men ............................................................................... 689 498 72.3 459 66.6 39 7.8 6.5 - 9.1

 Women ......................................................................... 861 578 67.1 531 61.7 47 8.1 6.9 - 9.3

 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ........................................... 165 64 38.7 45 27.1 19 30.0 25.7 - 34.3

 Hispanic origin ............................................................... 2,030 1,344 66.2 1,274 62.8 70 5.2 4.5 - 5.9

 Men ............................................................................... 1,006 784 77.9 747 74.3 37 4.7 3.8 - 5.6

 Women ......................................................................... 1,024 560 54.6 527 51.5 33 5.8 4.7 - 6.9

 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ........................................... 167 79 47.1 68 40.8 11 13.6 9.8 - 17.4

Georgia

Total ................................................................................ 5,873 4,088 69.6 3,925 66.8 163 4.0 3.5 - 4.5

 Men ................................................................................ 2,775 2,132 76.8 2,062 74.3 70 3.3 2.7 - 3.9

 Women .......................................................................... 3,098 1,956 63.1 1,863 60.1 93 4.7 4.0 - 5.4

 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................ 472 223 47.2 186 39.5 36 16.3 12.9 - 19.7

 White ............................................................................. 3,945 2,732 69.2 2,670 67.7 61 2.2 1.8 - 2.6

 Men ............................................................................... 1,949 1,517 77.8 1,486 76.3 31 2.0 1.5 - 2.5

 Women ......................................................................... 1,997 1,215 60.9 1,185 59.3 31 2.5 1.8 - 3.2

 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ........................................... 274 138 50.4 125 45.5 14 9.8 6.3 - 13.3

 Black .............................................................................. 1,824 1,277 70.0 1,177 64.5 100 7.8 6.7 - 8.9

 Men ............................................................................... 780 578 74.1 539 69.1 39 6.7 5.2 - 8.2

 Women ......................................................................... 1,044 699 67.0 638 61.1 61 8.8 7.3 - 10.3

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 12. States: Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by sex, age, race, and Hispanic origin, 1999 annual averages —

Continued

(Numbers in thousands)

Area and population group

Civilian noninstitutional

population

Civilian labor force Employment Unemployment

Number Percent of

Population Number Percent ofPopulation Number Rate Error range of rate1

Georgia–Continued

 Hispanic origin ............................................................... 175 133 75.8 127 72.8 5 4.0 1.5 - 6.5

 Men ............................................................................... 92 84 91.9 82 89.0 3 3.1 .5 - 5.7

Hawaii

Total ................................................................................ 888 595 67.0 561 63.2 33 5.6 4.9 - 6.3

 Men ................................................................................ 419 297 70.7 276 65.9 20 6.8 5.7 - 7.9

 Women .......................................................................... 469 298 63.6 285 60.8 13 4.4 3.5 - 5.3

 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................ 68 29 42.9 23 33.6 6 21.6 16.5 - 26.7

 White ............................................................................. 209 145 69.2 138 66.0 7 4.7 3.4 - 6.0

 Men ............................................................................... 110 82 74.6 78 70.9 4 5.0 3.2 - 6.8

 Women ......................................................................... 99 62 63.2 60 60.5 3 4.3 2.6 - 6.0

 Hispanic origin ............................................................... 28 20 71.7 19 69.3 1 3.3 1.1 - 5.5

Idaho

Total ................................................................................ 940 655 69.7 621 66.1 34 5.2 4.6 - 5.8

 Men ................................................................................ 468 363 77.5 344 73.4 19 5.3 4.5 - 6.1

 Women .......................................................................... 472 292 62.0 278 58.9 15 5.0 4.2 - 5.8

 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................ 88 54 60.9 45 50.8 9 16.5 13.7 - 19.3

 White ............................................................................. 918 639 69.6 606 66.0 33 5.1 4.5 - 5.7

 Men ............................................................................... 457 353 77.3 334 73.1 19 5.4 4.6 - 6.2

 Women ......................................................................... 460 285 61.9 271 59.0 14 4.8 4.0 - 5.6

 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ........................................... 85 52 60.5 43 50.8 8 16.1 13.1 - 19.1

 Hispanic origin ............................................................... 85 59 69.0 53 62.1 6 10.0 7.5 - 12.5

 Men ............................................................................... 44 36 80.8 32 72.3 4 10.5 7.5 - 13.5

 Women ......................................................................... 41 23 56.1 21 50.9 2 9.3 5.4 - 13.2

Illinois

Total ................................................................................ 9,165 6,385 69.7 6,112 66.7 274 4.3 4.0 - 4.6

 Men ................................................................................ 4,397 3,380 76.9 3,237 73.6 143 4.2 3.8 - 4.6

 Women .......................................................................... 4,768 3,005 63.0 2,875 60.3 130 4.3 3.8 - 4.8

 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................ 714 417 58.4 363 50.8 54 12.9 11.0 - 14.8

 White ............................................................................. 7,576 5,325 70.3 5,144 67.9 181 3.4 3.1 - 3.7

 Men ............................................................................... 3,686 2,875 78.0 2,778 75.4 98 3.4 3.0 - 3.8

 Women ......................................................................... 3,890 2,450 63.0 2,367 60.8 83 3.4 2.9 - 3.9

 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ........................................... 576 358 62.3 323 56.0 36 10.0 8.1 - 11.9

 Black .............................................................................. 1,268 835 65.8 749 59.0 86 10.3 9.1 - 11.5

 Men ............................................................................... 553 378 68.3 337 60.9 41 10.9 9.1 - 12.7

 Women ......................................................................... 715 457 63.9 412 57.6 45 9.8 8.2 - 11.4

 Hispanic origin ............................................................... 809 601 74.3 568 70.3 33 5.5 4.4 - 6.6

 Men ............................................................................... 423 365 86.3 346 81.7 20 5.3 3.9 - 6.7

 Women ......................................................................... 385 236 61.2 222 57.7 14 5.7 3.9 - 7.5

Indiana

Total ................................................................................ 4,507 3,078 68.3 2,985 66.2 93 3.0 2.6 - 3.4

 Men ................................................................................ 2,170 1,650 76.0 1,603 73.9 47 2.8 2.2 - 3.4

 Women .......................................................................... 2,337 1,428 61.1 1,382 59.1 46 3.2 2.5 - 3.9

 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................ 335 197 58.7 172 51.4 24 12.4 9.4 - 15.4

 White ............................................................................. 4,124 2,834 68.7 2,755 66.8 79 2.8 2.4 - 3.2

 Men ............................................................................... 1,999 1,539 77.0 1,500 75.0 38 2.5 1.9 - 3.1

 Women ......................................................................... 2,124 1,296 61.0 1,254 59.1 41 3.2 2.5 - 3.9

 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ........................................... 294 182 61.8 162 54.9 20 11.2 8.1 - 14.3

 Black .............................................................................. 320 205 64.0 194 60.5 11 5.5 3.4 - 7.6

 Women ......................................................................... 188 120 64.0 116 61.7 4 3.6 1.2 - 6.0

Iowa

Total ................................................................................ 2,189 1,574 71.9 1,534 70.1 40 2.5 2.1 - 2.9

 Men ................................................................................ 1,080 841 77.8 817 75.6 24 2.8 2.2 - 3.4

 Women .......................................................................... 1,109 733 66.1 717 64.7 16 2.2 1.6 - 2.8

 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................ 167 116 69.5 108 64.6 8 7.0 4.6 - 9.4

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 12. States: Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by sex, age, race, and Hispanic origin, 1999 annual averages —

Continued

(Numbers in thousands)

Area and population group

Civilian noninstitutional

population

Civilian labor force Employment Unemployment

Number Percent of

Population Number Percent ofPopulation Number Rate Error range of rate1

Iowa–Continued

 White ............................................................................. 2,110 1,518 71.9 1,483 70.3 35 2.3 1.9 - 2.7

 Men ............................................................................... 1,039 809 77.9 788 75.8 22 2.7 2.1 - 3.3

 Women ......................................................................... 1,071 709 66.2 695 64.9 13 1.9 1.4 - 2.4

 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ........................................... 156 109 70.0 102 65.4 7 6.6 4.1 - 9.1

Kansas

Total ................................................................................ 1,988 1,434 72.1 1,392 70.0 43 3.0 2.5 - 3.5

 Men ................................................................................ 965 756 78.3 732 75.9 24 3.2 2.6 - 3.8

 Women .......................................................................... 1,023 678 66.3 659 64.5 19 2.8 2.2 - 3.4

 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................ 173 108 62.6 99 57.2 9 8.6 6.1 - 11.1

 White ............................................................................. 1,801 1,298 72.1 1,264 70.2 34 2.6 2.2 - 3.0

 Men ............................................................................... 880 688 78.1 669 76.0 19 2.8 2.2 - 3.4

 Women ......................................................................... 921 610 66.2 596 64.7 15 2.4 1.8 - 3.0

 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ........................................... 150 98 65.2 91 60.5 7 7.3 4.8 - 9.8

 Black .............................................................................. 122 90 73.5 83 68.1 7 7.3 4.7 - 9.9

 Hispanic origin ............................................................... 68 51 75.6 50 73.4 1 2.9 .2 - 5.6

Kentucky

Total ................................................................................ 3,062 1,970 64.3 1,882 61.5 88 4.5 3.9 - 5.1

 Men ................................................................................ 1,479 1,073 72.5 1,025 69.3 48 4.4 3.7 - 5.1

 Women .......................................................................... 1,583 897 56.7 857 54.1 41 4.5 3.7 - 5.3

 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................ 231 124 53.6 103 44.8 20 16.4 13.5 - 19.3

 White ............................................................................. 2,812 1,794 63.8 1,719 61.1 76 4.2 3.6 - 4.8

 Men ............................................................................... 1,372 995 72.5 954 69.5 41 4.1 3.4 - 4.8

 Women ......................................................................... 1,440 799 55.5 765 53.1 35 4.4 3.6 - 5.2

 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ........................................... 202 109 54.0 93 45.9 16 15.0 11.8 - 18.2

 Black .............................................................................. 231 162 70.1 150 64.9 12 7.5 5.1 - 9.9

 Men ............................................................................... 98 70 71.6 64 64.7 7 9.6 5.8 - 13.4

 Women ......................................................................... 133 92 69.0 86 65.0 5 5.9 2.9 - 8.9

Louisiana

Total ................................................................................ 3,278 2,052 62.6 1,948 59.4 104 5.1 4.5 - 5.7

 Men ................................................................................ 1,509 1,061 70.3 1,012 67.1 48 4.5 3.7 - 5.3

 Women .......................................................................... 1,769 991 56.0 935 52.9 56 5.6 4.7 - 6.5

 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................ 334 135 40.4 112 33.6 23 17.0 13.7 - 20.3

 White ............................................................................. 2,190 1,387 63.3 1,339 61.1 48 3.5 2.9 - 4.1

 Men ............................................................................... 1,057 764 72.3 739 69.9 25 3.3 2.5 - 4.1

 Women ......................................................................... 1,133 623 55.0 600 52.9 23 3.7 2.8 - 4.6

 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ........................................... 192 89 46.4 79 40.9 10 11.8 7.9 - 15.7

 Black .............................................................................. 1,031 624 60.5 569 55.2 55 8.8 7.5 - 10.1

 Men ............................................................................... 429 278 64.8 255 59.6 23 8.1 6.3 - 9.9

 Women ......................................................................... 602 346 57.4 313 52.1 32 9.4 7.7 - 11.1

 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ........................................... 136 45 32.9 32 23.9 12 27.5 22.0 - 33.0

Maine

Total ................................................................................ 990 672 67.9 644 65.1 28 4.1 3.5 - 4.7

 Men ................................................................................ 475 351 73.8 335 70.5 15 4.4 3.6 - 5.2

 Women .......................................................................... 515 321 62.4 309 60.1 12 3.8 3.0 - 4.6

 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................ 64 39 60.0 32 50.3 6 16.2 12.3 - 20.1

 White ............................................................................. 971 661 68.1 635 65.4 26 4.0 3.4 - 4.6

 Men ............................................................................... 466 345 73.9 330 70.7 15 4.3 3.5 - 5.1

 Women ......................................................................... 505 316 62.7 305 60.4 11 3.6 2.8 - 4.4

 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ........................................... 63 38 60.1 32 50.4 6 16.1 12.2 - 20.0

Maryland

Total ................................................................................ 3,962 2,766 69.8 2,668 67.3 98 3.5 3.0 - 4.0

 Men ................................................................................ 1,899 1,427 75.1 1,375 72.4 53 3.7 3.0 - 4.4

 Women .......................................................................... 2,063 1,338 64.9 1,293 62.7 45 3.4 2.7 - 4.1

 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................ 258 138 53.7 123 47.7 16 11.3 7.8 - 14.8

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 12. States: Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by sex, age, race, and Hispanic origin, 1999 annual averages —

Continued

(Numbers in thousands)

Area and population group

Civilian noninstitutional

population

Civilian labor force Employment Unemployment

Number Percent of

Population Number Percent ofPopulation Number Rate Error range of rate1

Maryland–Continued

 White ............................................................................. 2,709 1,863 68.8 1,825 67.4 39 2.1 1.6 - 2.6

 Men ............................................................................... 1,303 994 76.3 973 74.7 21 2.1 1.4 - 2.8

 Women ......................................................................... 1,406 869 61.8 852 60.6 18 2.0 1.3 - 2.7

 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ........................................... 152 94 61.8 86 56.4 8 8.8 4.7 - 12.9

 Black .............................................................................. 1,092 797 73.0 742 67.9 55 7.0 5.8 - 8.2

 Men ............................................................................... 517 375 72.6 347 67.1 28 7.6 5.7 - 9.5

 Women ......................................................................... 575 422 73.3 395 68.6 27 6.4 4.8 - 8.0

 Hispanic origin ............................................................... 143 115 80.4 110 76.7 5 4.7 1.9 - 7.5

Massachusetts

Total ................................................................................ 4,772 3,278 68.7 3,173 66.5 105 3.2 2.9 - 3.5

 Men ................................................................................ 2,306 1,726 74.8 1,673 72.5 53 3.1 2.6 - 3.6

 Women .......................................................................... 2,466 1,552 63.0 1,500 60.8 52 3.4 2.9 - 3.9

 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................ 329 189 57.4 176 53.5 13 6.8 4.9 - 8.7

 White ............................................................................. 4,355 3,015 69.2 2,927 67.2 88 2.9 2.6 - 3.2

 Men ............................................................................... 2,107 1,593 75.6 1,547 73.4 47 2.9 2.4 - 3.4

 Women ......................................................................... 2,248 1,422 63.3 1,380 61.4 42 2.9 2.4 - 3.4

 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ........................................... 280 167 59.7 158 56.5 9 5.4 3.5 - 7.3

 Black .............................................................................. 274 172 62.9 157 57.3 15 8.8 6.6 - 11.0

 Men ............................................................................... 134 88 65.6 82 61.5 6 6.3 3.7 - 8.9

 Women ......................................................................... 140 84 60.2 75 53.4 10 11.4 8.1 - 14.7

 Hispanic origin ............................................................... 250 175 70.0 164 65.6 11 6.3 4.4 - 8.2

 Men ............................................................................... 117 91 78.0 88 74.9 4 4.0 1.9 - 6.1

 Women ......................................................................... 134 84 63.0 77 57.4 7 8.8 5.5 - 12.1

Michigan

Total ................................................................................ 7,493 5,136 68.5 4,942 66.0 194 3.8 3.5 - 4.1

 Men ................................................................................ 3,660 2,792 76.3 2,690 73.5 102 3.6 3.2 - 4.0

 Women .......................................................................... 3,833 2,344 61.2 2,252 58.8 92 3.9 3.4 - 4.4

 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................ 658 407 61.9 360 54.8 47 11.5 9.8 - 13.2

 White ............................................................................. 6,360 4,381 68.9 4,235 66.6 147 3.3 3.0 - 3.6

 Men ............................................................................... 3,133 2,427 77.5 2,348 75.0 79 3.2 2.8 - 3.6

 Women ......................................................................... 3,228 1,954 60.6 1,886 58.4 68 3.5 3.0 - 4.0

 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ........................................... 555 357 64.4 319 57.5 38 10.7 9.0 - 12.4

 Black .............................................................................. 951 625 65.7 583 61.3 42 6.7 5.6 - 7.8

 Men ............................................................................... 433 284 65.7 264 60.9 21 7.3 5.6 - 9.0

 Women ......................................................................... 518 341 65.7 320 61.7 21 6.1 4.7 - 7.5

 Hispanic origin ............................................................... 187 136 72.3 127 67.6 9 6.4 4.1 - 8.7

 Men ............................................................................... 104 86 82.7 80 76.7 6 7.2 4.0 - 10.4

Minnesota

Total ................................................................................ 3,594 2,699 75.1 2,623 73.0 75 2.8 2.4 - 3.2

 Men ................................................................................ 1,771 1,423 80.4 1,383 78.1 41 2.9 2.3 - 3.5

 Women .......................................................................... 1,823 1,275 69.9 1,240 68.0 35 2.7 2.1 - 3.3

 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................ 300 203 67.9 185 61.7 19 9.1 6.7 - 11.5

 White ............................................................................. 3,379 2,546 75.4 2,484 73.5 62 2.4 2.0 - 2.8

 Men ............................................................................... 1,663 1,340 80.6 1,305 78.5 35 2.6 2.0 - 3.2

 Women ......................................................................... 1,716 1,205 70.2 1,178 68.7 27 2.3 1.7 - 2.9

 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ........................................... 271 189 69.9 174 64.4 15 7.8 5.4 - 10.2

Mississippi

Total ................................................................................ 2,077 1,270 61.1 1,205 58.0 65 5.1 4.5 - 5.7

 Men ................................................................................ 956 666 69.7 632 66.2 33 5.0 4.2 - 5.8

 Women .......................................................................... 1,121 604 53.9 573 51.1 31 5.2 4.3 - 6.1

 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................ 196 78 40.1 62 31.7 16 21.0 17.4 - 24.6

 White ............................................................................. 1,357 830 61.1 806 59.4 24 2.9 2.3 - 3.5

 Men ............................................................................... 651 469 72.1 456 70.1 13 2.8 2.0 - 3.6

 Women ......................................................................... 707 361 51.0 350 49.5 11 3.1 2.2 - 4.0

 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ........................................... 94 45 48.3 39 42.1 6 12.9 8.6 - 17.2

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 12. States: Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by sex, age, race, and Hispanic origin, 1999 annual averages —

Continued

(Numbers in thousands)

Area and population group

Civilian noninstitutional

population

Civilian labor force Employment Unemployment

Number Percent of

Population Number Percent ofPopulation Number Rate Error range of rate1

Mississippi–Continued

 Black .............................................................................. 702 429 61.0 389 55.3 40 9.3 8.0 - 10.6

 Men ............................................................................... 298 190 63.9 171 57.3 20 10.3 8.3 - 12.3

 Women ......................................................................... 405 238 58.9 218 53.9 20 8.5 6.8 - 10.2

 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ........................................... 101 32 31.7 21 21.1 11 33.3 3 () - 3 ( )

Missouri

Total ................................................................................ 4,144 2,847 68.7 2,751 66.4 96 3.4 2.9 - 3.9

 Men ................................................................................ 2,023 1,545 76.4 1,486 73.5 59 3.8 3.1 - 4.5

 Women .......................................................................... 2,121 1,303 61.4 1,266 59.7 37 2.9 2.2 - 3.6

 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................ 287 179 62.3 163 56.9 16 8.7 6.1 - 11.3

 White ............................................................................. 3,705 2,552 68.9 2,478 66.9 74 2.9 2.4 - 3.4

 Men ............................................................................... 1,829 1,403 76.7 1,358 74.2 45 3.2 2.5 - 3.9

 Women ......................................................................... 1,875 1,150 61.3 1,120 59.7 29 2.5 1.9 - 3.1

 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ........................................... 256 166 65.1 154 60.2 12 7.5 4.8 - 10.2

 Black .............................................................................. 377 254 67.3 233 61.9 21 8.1 5.9 - 10.3

 Men ............................................................................... 166 122 73.3 108 65.0 14 11.4 7.8 - 15.0

 Women ......................................................................... 211 132 62.6 125 59.4 7 5.1 2.6 - 7.6

Montana

Total ................................................................................ 685 474 69.2 449 65.6 25 5.2 4.6 - 5.8

 Men ................................................................................ 338 253 74.9 240 71.0 13 5.3 4.5 - 6.1

 Women .......................................................................... 347 221 63.6 209 60.4 11 5.1 4.2 - 6.0

 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................ 59 34 58.5 30 51.2 4 12.4 9.4 - 15.4

 White ............................................................................. 637 446 70.0 424 66.6 21 4.8 4.2 - 5.4

 Men ............................................................................... 315 239 75.8 227 72.1 12 4.9 4.1 - 5.7

 Women ......................................................................... 322 207 64.3 197 61.2 10 4.8 4.0 - 5.6

 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ........................................... 52 32 60.4 28 53.4 4 11.6 8.8 - 14.4

 Hispanic origin ............................................................... 11 9 79.5 8 71.7 1 9.8 5.4 - 14.2

Nebraska

Total ................................................................................ 1,247 911 73.1 885 71.0 26 2.9 2.4 - 3.4

 Men ................................................................................ 601 481 80.0 468 77.8 13 2.8 2.2 - 3.4

 Women .......................................................................... 646 430 66.6 418 64.6 13 3.0 2.3 - 3.7

 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................ 107 74 69.2 67 62.6 7 9.6 7.0 - 12.2

 White ............................................................................. 1,170 858 73.3 836 71.4 22 2.6 2.2 - 3.0

 Men ............................................................................... 561 451 80.3 440 78.3 11 2.4 1.8 - 3.0

 Women ......................................................................... 608 407 66.9 396 65.1 11 2.7 2.1 - 3.3

 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ........................................... 97 69 70.9 63 65.0 6 8.3 5.8 - 10.8

 Black .............................................................................. 50 34 68.0 31 62.6 3 8.0 4.8 - 11.2

 Hispanic origin ............................................................... 51 40 78.9 39 75.7 2 4.1 1.9 - 6.3

Nevada

Total ................................................................................ 1,363 942 69.1 900 66.0 42 4.4 3.9 - 4.9

 Men ................................................................................ 675 517 76.6 494 73.2 23 4.5 3.8 - 5.2

 Women .......................................................................... 688 425 61.7 406 59.0 19 4.4 3.6 - 5.2

 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................ 101 53 52.5 45 44.8 8 14.7 11.4 - 18.0

 White ............................................................................. 1,192 820 68.8 786 65.9 34 4.2 3.6 - 4.8

 Men ............................................................................... 595 454 76.2 435 73.0 19 4.1 3.4 - 4.8

 Women ......................................................................... 597 366 61.4 351 58.8 16 4.2 3.4 - 5.0

 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ........................................... 87 47 54.3 40 46.5 7 14.3 10.8 - 17.8

 Black .............................................................................. 76 55 71.6 50 66.1 4 7.7 5.0 - 10.4

 Men ............................................................................... 37 29 78.6 26 72.1 2 8.2 4.0 - 12.4

 Women ......................................................................... 40 26 65.2 24 60.6 2 7.1 3.5 - 10.7

 Hispanic origin ............................................................... 233 172 73.8 161 69.1 11 6.4 5.0 - 7.8

 Men ............................................................................... 122 104 85.8 98 80.5 6 6.2 4.3 - 8.1

 Women ......................................................................... 111 67 60.7 63 56.6 5 6.8 4.6 - 9.0

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 12. States: Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by sex, age, race, and Hispanic origin, 1999 annual averages —

Continued

(Numbers in thousands)

Area and population group

Civilian noninstitutional

population

Civilian labor force Employment Unemployment

Number Percent of

Population Number Percent ofPopulation Number Rate Error range of rate1

New Hampshire

Total ................................................................................ 921 666 72.3 648 70.3 18 2.7 2.2 - 3.2

 Men ................................................................................ 451 355 78.7 344 76.4 10 2.9 2.2 - 3.6

 Women .......................................................................... 470 311 66.2 304 64.6 8 2.5 1.9 - 3.1

 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................ 69 42 61.0 38 54.2 5 11.1 7.9 - 14.3

 White ............................................................................. 900 650 72.3 633 70.4 17 2.6 2.1 - 3.1

 Men ............................................................................... 439 345 78.6 335 76.4 10 2.8 2.2 - 3.4

 Women ......................................................................... 461 305 66.2 298 64.6 7 2.4 1.7 - 3.1

 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ........................................... 67 41 61.3 36 54.3 5 11.5 8.2 - 14.8

New Jersey

Total ................................................................................ 6,266 4,207 67.1 4,013 64.1 193 4.6 4.2 - 5.0

 Men ................................................................................ 2,988 2,256 75.5 2,158 72.2 99 4.4 3.9 - 4.9

 Women .......................................................................... 3,278 1,950 59.5 1,856 56.6 95 4.9 4.4 - 5.4

 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................ 453 212 46.9 184 40.6 29 13.4 11.0 - 15.8

 White ............................................................................. 5,078 3,396 66.9 3,269 64.4 127 3.7 3.3 - 4.1

 Men ............................................................................... 2,438 1,853 76.0 1,786 73.2 68 3.6 3.1 - 4.1

 Women ......................................................................... 2,640 1,542 58.4 1,483 56.2 59 3.9 3.4 - 4.4

 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ........................................... 336 166 49.5 152 45.1 15 8.9 6.6 - 11.2

 Black .............................................................................. 881 595 67.5 537 61.0 58 9.7 8.4 - 11.0

 Men ............................................................................... 398 279 70.1 251 63.2 27 9.9 8.0 - 11.8

 Women ......................................................................... 483 316 65.5 286 59.2 30 9.6 7.9 - 11.3

 Hispanic origin ............................................................... 713 504 70.7 476 66.8 28 5.5 4.4 - 6.6

 Men ............................................................................... 335 275 82.3 264 78.8 12 4.2 2.9 - 5.5

 Women ......................................................................... 378 229 60.5 212 56.2 16 7.0 5.2 - 8.8

New Mexico

Total ................................................................................ 1,307 810 62.0 764 58.5 46 5.6 5.0 - 6.2

 Men ................................................................................ 622 431 69.3 406 65.2 25 5.9 5.0 - 6.8

 Women .......................................................................... 685 379 55.3 358 52.3 20 5.4 4.5 - 6.3

 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................ 114 51 44.7 40 35.3 11 21.1 17.6 - 24.6

 White ............................................................................. 1,152 712 61.8 674 58.5 38 5.3 4.7 - 5.9

 Men ............................................................................... 551 385 69.9 365 66.2 21 5.4 4.5 - 6.3

 Women ......................................................................... 601 327 54.4 310 51.5 17 5.3 4.3 - 6.3

 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ........................................... 98 47 48.4 37 38.3 10 20.8 17.1 - 24.5

 Black .............................................................................. 22 16 71.3 15 66.8 1 6.3 1.8 - 10.8

 Hispanic origin ............................................................... 499 298 59.7 274 54.9 24 8.0 6.8 - 9.2

 Men ............................................................................... 232 158 68.0 145 62.6 13 8.0 6.4 - 9.6

 Women ......................................................................... 267 140 52.4 129 48.3 11 7.9 6.2 - 9.6

 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ........................................... 56 27 47.8 20 35.9 7 24.8 20.2 - 29.4

New York

Total ................................................................................ 14,122 8,883 62.9 8,424 59.7 459 5.2 4.9 - 5.5

 Men ................................................................................ 6,645 4,712 70.9 4,466 67.2 246 5.2 4.8 - 5.6

 Women .......................................................................... 7,477 4,171 55.8 3,958 52.9 213 5.1 4.7 - 5.5

 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................ 1,067 446 41.8 376 35.2 70 15.8 14.1 - 17.5

 White ............................................................................. 11,040 6,990 63.3 6,693 60.6 298 4.3 4.0 - 4.6

 Men ............................................................................... 5,240 3,767 71.9 3,602 68.7 165 4.4 4.0 - 4.8

 Women ......................................................................... 5,800 3,224 55.6 3,091 53.3 133 4.1 3.7 - 4.5

 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ........................................... 764 356 46.6 310 40.5 47 13.1 11.3 - 14.9

 Black .............................................................................. 2,258 1,375 60.9 1,235 54.7 140 10.2 9.4 - 11.0

 Men ............................................................................... 1,003 644 64.3 573 57.1 71 11.1 9.8 - 12.4

 Women ......................................................................... 1,255 731 58.2 662 52.8 68 9.4 8.3 - 10.5

 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ........................................... 236 73 31.1 52 22.0 22 29.3 25.7 - 32.9

 Hispanic origin ............................................................... 1,942 1,155 59.5 1,058 54.5 97 8.4 7.5 - 9.3

 Men ............................................................................... 873 629 72.0 583 66.7 46 7.3 6.2 - 8.4

 Women ......................................................................... 1,068 527 49.3 475 44.5 51 9.7 8.3 - 11.1

 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ........................................... 195 67 34.4 53 26.9 15 21.8 17.7 - 25.9

North Carolina

Total ................................................................................ 5,764 3,874 67.2 3,752 65.1 122 3.2 2.8 - 3.6

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 12. States: Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by sex, age, race, and Hispanic origin, 1999 annual averages —

Continued

(Numbers in thousands)

Area and population group

Civilian noninstitutional

population

Civilian labor force Employment Unemployment

Number Percent of

Population Number Percent ofPopulation Number Rate Error range of rate1

North Carolina–Continued

 Men ................................................................................ 2,754 2,061 74.8 2,007 72.9 54 2.6 2.2 - 3.0

 Women .......................................................................... 3,010 1,814 60.3 1,746 58.0 68 3.7 3.2 - 4.2

 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................ 373 179 48.0 156 41.9 23 12.7 10.1 - 15.3

 White ............................................................................. 4,297 2,868 66.8 2,802 65.2 67 2.3 2.0 - 2.6

 Men ............................................................................... 2,091 1,570 75.1 1,541 73.7 28 1.8 1.4 - 2.2

 Women ......................................................................... 2,206 1,299 58.9 1,260 57.1 38 3.0 2.4 - 3.6

 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ........................................... 245 122 49.8 111 45.3 11 9.0 6.1 - 11.9

 Black .............................................................................. 1,269 866 68.2 816 64.3 50 5.7 4.9 - 6.5

 Men ............................................................................... 572 417 73.0 394 68.8 24 5.7 4.5 - 6.9

 Women ......................................................................... 697 448 64.3 422 60.6 26 5.8 4.6 - 7.0

 Hispanic origin ............................................................... 154 112 72.8 106 68.7 6 5.6 3.2 - 8.0

 Men ............................................................................... 82 71 85.7 69 83.9 1 2.1 3 () - 3 ( )

North Dakota

Total ................................................................................ 478 337 70.5 325 68.1 11 3.4 2.9 - 3.9

 Men ................................................................................ 233 177 76.1 171 73.3 6 3.6 2.9 - 4.3

 Women .......................................................................... 245 160 65.2 155 63.1 5 3.2 2.5 - 3.9

 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................ 40 25 63.4 23 57.6 2 9.1 6.3 - 11.9

 White ............................................................................. 454 323 71.1 313 68.9 10 3.1 2.6 - 3.6

 Men ............................................................................... 222 169 76.4 164 73.9 6 3.3 2.6 - 4.0

 Women ......................................................................... 232 153 66.1 149 64.2 4 2.9 2.2 - 3.6

 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ........................................... 37 24 65.8 22 60.6 2 8.0 5.6 - 10.4

Ohio

Total ................................................................................ 8,598 5,749 66.9 5,503 64.0 246 4.3 4.0 - 4.6

 Men ................................................................................ 4,089 3,032 74.1 2,902 71.0 130 4.3 3.8 - 4.8

 Women .......................................................................... 4,509 2,717 60.3 2,602 57.7 116 4.3 3.8 - 4.8

 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................ 668 396 59.3 341 51.1 55 13.8 12.1 - 15.5

 White ............................................................................. 7,516 5,048 67.2 4,851 64.6 196 3.9 3.6 - 4.2

 Men ............................................................................... 3,598 2,699 75.0 2,595 72.1 103 3.8 3.3 - 4.3

 Women ......................................................................... 3,917 2,349 60.0 2,256 57.6 93 3.9 3.4 - 4.4

 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ........................................... 562 342 61.0 300 53.5 42 12.2 10.4 - 14.0

 Black .............................................................................. 962 620 64.4 574 59.7 46 7.4 6.2 - 8.6

 Men ............................................................................... 426 287 67.4 263 61.7 24 8.5 6.6 - 10.4

 Women ......................................................................... 536 333 62.1 311 58.0 22 6.5 5.0 - 8.0

 Hispanic origin ............................................................... 106 78 73.1 74 69.5 4 4.9 2.1 - 7.7

Oklahoma

Total ................................................................................ 2,529 1,648 65.1 1,591 62.9 57 3.4 2.9 - 3.9

 Men ................................................................................ 1,203 874 72.6 846 70.3 28 3.2 2.6 - 3.8

 Women .......................................................................... 1,326 774 58.4 745 56.2 29 3.7 3.0 - 4.4

 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................ 205 102 49.6 90 44.0 11 11.3 8.1 - 14.5

 White ............................................................................. 2,114 1,396 66.0 1,356 64.1 40 2.8 2.3 - 3.3

 Men ............................................................................... 1,015 747 73.6 727 71.6 20 2.7 2.1 - 3.3

 Women ......................................................................... 1,099 649 59.0 629 57.2 20 3.0 2.3 - 3.7

 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ........................................... 160 82 51.5 73 45.8 9 11.1 7.6 - 14.6

 Black .............................................................................. 194 118 60.5 111 57.2 6 5.5 3.4 - 7.6

 Men ............................................................................... 92 57 62.6 55 59.6 3 4.8 2.2 - 7.4

 Women ......................................................................... 103 60 58.7 57 55.1 4 6.1 3.3 - 8.9

 Hispanic origin ............................................................... 73 52 71.2 50 68.6 2 3.7 1.0 - 6.4

Oregon

Total ................................................................................ 2,582 1,760 68.2 1,660 64.3 100 5.7 5.1 - 6.3

 Men ................................................................................ 1,252 955 76.2 901 72.0 53 5.6 4.7 - 6.5

 Women .......................................................................... 1,330 806 60.6 759 57.1 47 5.8 4.9 - 6.7

 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................ 175 98 56.0 80 45.9 18 18.0 14.1 - 21.9

 White ............................................................................. 2,404 1,641 68.3 1,548 64.4 93 5.6 5.0 - 6.2

 Men ............................................................................... 1,161 883 76.1 834 71.8 49 5.6 4.7 - 6.5

 Women ......................................................................... 1,242 757 61.0 714 57.5 44 5.7 4.8 - 6.6

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 12. States: Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by sex, age, race, and Hispanic origin, 1999 annual averages —

Continued

(Numbers in thousands)

Area and population group

Civilian noninstitutional

population

Civilian labor force Employment Unemployment

Number Percent of

Population Number Percent ofPopulation Number Rate Error range of rate1

Oregon–Continued

 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ........................................... 157 90 57.0 73 46.6 16 18.3 14.0 - 22.6

 Hispanic origin ............................................................... 141 106 75.1 93 65.7 13 12.5 7.5 - 17.5

 Men ............................................................................... 76 63 83.6 56 73.9 7 11.5 7.1 - 15.9

 Women ......................................................................... 65 43 65.3 37 56.2 6 13.9 8.3 - 19.5

Pennsylvania

Total ................................................................................ 9,271 5,969 64.4 5,707 61.6 262 4.4 4.1 - 4.7

 Men ................................................................................ 4,378 3,157 72.1 3,014 68.9 143 4.5 4.1 - 4.9

 Women .......................................................................... 4,893 2,812 57.5 2,692 55.0 119 4.2 3.7 - 4.7

 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................ 669 347 51.9 292 43.7 55 15.7 13.5 - 17.9

 White ............................................................................. 8,266 5,354 64.8 5,137 62.1 217 4.1 3.8 - 4.4

 Men ............................................................................... 3,925 2,876 73.3 2,756 70.2 120 4.2 3.7 - 4.7

 Women ......................................................................... 4,341 2,479 57.1 2,382 54.9 97 3.9 3.4 - 4.4

 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ........................................... 582 318 54.7 272 46.7 47 14.6 12.4 - 16.8

 Black .............................................................................. 820 489 59.7 452 55.1 37 7.6 6.2 - 9.0

 Men ............................................................................... 361 213 59.1 195 54.0 19 8.7 6.6 - 10.8

 Women ......................................................................... 460 276 60.1 258 56.1 18 6.7 5.0 - 8.4

 Hispanic origin ............................................................... 186 115 61.7 103 55.1 12 10.7 7.4 - 14.0

 Men ............................................................................... 81 57 71.2 52 63.9 6 10.2 5.6 - 14.8

 Women ......................................................................... 106 58 54.5 51 48.4 6 11.2 6.1 - 16.3

Rhode Island

Total ................................................................................ 750 504 67.2 483 64.4 21 4.1 3.5 - 4.7

 Men ................................................................................ 354 263 74.3 252 71.2 11 4.3 3.5 - 5.1

 Women .......................................................................... 396 240 60.8 231 58.3 10 4.0 3.2 - 4.8

 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................ 47 28 58.7 24 51.6 3 12.2 8.0 - 16.4

 White ............................................................................. 691 464 67.2 447 64.7 17 3.6 3.0 - 4.2

 Men ............................................................................... 328 243 74.2 234 71.5 9 3.6 2.8 - 4.4

 Women ......................................................................... 363 221 60.8 213 58.6 8 3.6 2.8 - 4.4

 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ........................................... 41 24 59.9 22 53.8 2 10.2 5.8 - 14.6

 Black .............................................................................. 33 23 68.9 21 62.7 2 9.0 5.2 - 12.8

 Hispanic origin ............................................................... 33 21 65.0 19 57.9 2 10.9 6.2 - 15.6

South Carolina

Total ................................................................................ 2,990 1,962 65.6 1,874 62.7 88 4.5 3.9 - 5.1

 Men ................................................................................ 1,407 1,025 72.9 984 69.9 42 4.1 3.3 - 4.9

 Women .......................................................................... 1,583 936 59.2 890 56.2 46 4.9 4.0 - 5.8

 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................ 230 114 49.4 98 42.4 16 14.2 10.5 - 17.9

 White ............................................................................. 2,211 1,462 66.1 1,414 64.0 47 3.2 2.6 - 3.8

 Men ............................................................................... 1,076 800 74.4 774 71.9 26 3.3 2.5 - 4.1

 Women ......................................................................... 1,135 661 58.3 640 56.4 21 3.2 2.4 - 4.0

 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ........................................... 148 82 55.4 76 51.0 7 8.0 4.6 - 11.4

 Black .............................................................................. 748 479 64.0 441 58.9 38 7.9 6.5 - 9.3

 Men ............................................................................... 320 218 68.2 204 63.7 15 6.6 4.7 - 8.5

 Women ......................................................................... 428 261 60.8 237 55.3 24 9.0 7.0 - 11.0

South Dakota

Total ................................................................................ 546 400 73.2 388 71.1 12 2.9 2.5 - 3.3

 Men ................................................................................ 267 210 78.5 204 76.2 6 2.9 2.3 - 3.5

 Women .......................................................................... 279 190 68.2 185 66.2 6 3.0 2.4 - 3.6

 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................ 54 35 64.8 32 59.3 3 8.6 6.3 - 10.9

 White ............................................................................. 513 378 73.7 368 71.8 10 2.5 2.1 - 2.9

 Men ............................................................................... 250 198 79.0 193 77.1 5 2.4 1.9 - 2.9

 Women ......................................................................... 262 180 68.7 175 66.8 5 2.7 2.1 - 3.3

 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ........................................... 49 32 65.9 30 60.7 3 7.9 5.9 - 9.9

Tennessee

Total ................................................................................ 4,254 2,819 66.3 2,705 63.6 114 4.0 3.5 - 4.5

 Men ................................................................................ 2,016 1,483 73.6 1,418 70.3 65 4.4 3.7 - 5.1

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 12. States: Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by sex, age, race, and Hispanic origin, 1999 annual averages —

Continued

(Numbers in thousands)

Area and population group

Civilian noninstitutional

population

Civilian labor force Employment Unemployment

Number Percent of

Population Number Percent ofPopulation Number Rate Error range of rate1

Tennessee–Continued

 Women .......................................................................... 2,238 1,336 59.7 1,287 57.5 49 3.6 2.9 - 4.3

 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................ 314 172 54.6 151 48.0 21 12.1 9.0 - 15.2

 White ............................................................................. 3,577 2,336 65.3 2,256 63.1 79 3.4 2.9 - 3.9

 Men ............................................................................... 1,703 1,261 74.0 1,216 71.4 45 3.5 2.8 - 4.2

 Women ......................................................................... 1,875 1,075 57.3 1,040 55.5 35 3.2 2.5 - 3.9

 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ........................................... 241 142 58.8 128 53.2 13 9.4 6.1 - 12.7

 Black .............................................................................. 635 456 71.9 424 66.9 32 7.0 5.4 - 8.6

 Men ............................................................................... 292 206 70.4 187 63.9 19 9.2 6.6 - 11.8

 Women ......................................................................... 343 251 73.2 238 69.4 13 5.2 3.3 - 7.1

Texas

Total ................................................................................ 14,837 10,206 68.8 9,734 65.6 472 4.6 4.3 - 4.9

 Men ................................................................................ 7,172 5,584 77.9 5,345 74.5 238 4.3 3.9 - 4.7

 Women .......................................................................... 7,665 4,622 60.3 4,389 57.3 233 5.0 4.6 - 5.4

 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................ 1,277 617 48.3 511 40.0 107 17.3 15.7 - 18.9

 White ............................................................................. 12,603 8,665 68.8 8,286 65.7 380 4.4 4.1 - 4.7

 Men ............................................................................... 6,137 4,814 78.4 4,614 75.2 200 4.2 3.8 - 4.6

 Women ......................................................................... 6,465 3,851 59.6 3,671 56.8 180 4.7 4.2 - 5.2

 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ........................................... 1,081 545 50.4 457 42.3 88 16.1 14.4 - 17.8

 Black .............................................................................. 1,703 1,177 69.1 1,099 64.5 79 6.7 5.8 - 7.6

 Men ............................................................................... 771 566 73.4 535 69.4 31 5.5 4.3 - 6.7

 Women ......................................................................... 932 611 65.6 563 60.4 48 7.8 6.5 - 9.1

 Hispanic origin ............................................................... 4,386 2,937 67.0 2,754 62.8 183 6.2 5.6 - 6.8

 Men ............................................................................... 2,164 1,701 78.6 1,607 74.3 94 5.5 4.8 - 6.2

 Women ......................................................................... 2,221 1,235 55.6 1,147 51.6 89 7.2 6.3 - 8.1

 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ........................................... 525 243 46.4 197 37.6 46 19.0 16.5 - 21.5

Utah

Total ................................................................................ 1,500 1,084 72.3 1,043 69.6 40 3.7 3.2 - 4.2

 Men ................................................................................ 726 594 81.8 573 78.8 21 3.6 3.0 - 4.2

 Women .......................................................................... 774 490 63.3 471 60.8 19 3.9 3.2 - 4.6

 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................ 156 101 64.4 89 57.0 12 11.5 9.2 - 13.8

 White ............................................................................. 1,441 1,042 72.3 1,003 69.6 39 3.7 3.2 - 4.2

 Men ............................................................................... 695 569 81.8 549 78.9 20 3.6 2.9 - 4.3

 Women ......................................................................... 746 472 63.3 454 60.8 19 3.9 3.2 - 4.6

 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ........................................... 151 97 64.4 86 57.0 11 11.5 9.1 - 13.9

 Hispanic origin ............................................................... 86 66 76.7 62 72.6 4 5.4 3.3 - 7.5

 Men ............................................................................... 45 41 90.1 39 84.8 2 5.9 2.6 - 9.2

Vermont

Total ................................................................................ 466 336 72.1 326 69.9 10 3.0 2.5 - 3.5

 Men ................................................................................ 226 176 77.9 170 75.2 6 3.5 2.8 - 4.2

 Women .......................................................................... 240 160 66.5 156 64.8 4 2.6 1.9 - 3.3

 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................ 35 21 59.2 19 53.3 2 9.9 6.7 - 13.1

 White ............................................................................. 459 331 72.2 322 70.1 10 2.9 2.4 - 3.4

 Men ............................................................................... 223 174 78.1 168 75.5 6 3.3 2.6 - 4.0

 Women ......................................................................... 236 158 66.7 154 65.0 4 2.5 1.9 - 3.1

 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ........................................... 34 20 59.0 18 53.2 2 9.8 6.6 - 13.0

Virginia

Total ................................................................................ 5,217 3,522 67.5 3,424 65.6 98 2.8 2.4 - 3.2

 Men ................................................................................ 2,491 1,871 75.1 1,828 73.4 43 2.3 1.8 - 2.8

 Women .......................................................................... 2,726 1,651 60.6 1,596 58.6 55 3.3 2.7 - 3.9

 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................ 379 189 49.9 165 43.6 24 12.6 9.7 - 15.5

 White ............................................................................. 3,954 2,673 67.6 2,619 66.2 54 2.0 1.6 - 2.4

 Men ............................................................................... 1,923 1,463 76.1 1,436 74.7 27 1.8 1.3 - 2.3

 Women ......................................................................... 2,031 1,210 59.6 1,183 58.3 27 2.2 1.6 - 2.8

 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ........................................... 266 138 52.0 126 47.4 12 8.7 5.5 - 11.9

 Black .............................................................................. 1,058 706 66.7 664 62.8 41 5.9 4.7 - 7.1

 Men ............................................................................... 483 341 70.6 326 67.4 15 4.5 2.9 - 6.1

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 12. States: Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population by sex, age, race, and Hispanic origin, 1999 annual averages —

Continued

(Numbers in thousands)

Area and population group

Civilian noninstitutional

population

Civilian labor force Employment Unemployment

Number Percent of

Population Number Percent ofPopulation Number Rate Error range of rate1

Virginia–Continued

 Women ......................................................................... 574 365 63.5 338 58.9 26 7.2 5.4 - 9.0

Washington

Total ................................................................................ 4,383 3,076 70.2 2,931 66.9 145 4.7 4.1 - 5.3

 Men ................................................................................ 2,118 1,642 77.6 1,566 74.0 76 4.6 3.8 - 5.4

 Women .......................................................................... 2,265 1,434 63.3 1,364 60.2 69 4.8 3.9 - 5.7

 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................ 330 195 59.0 160 48.4 35 18.1 14.3 - 21.9

 White ............................................................................. 3,991 2,787 69.8 2,656 66.5 131 4.7 4.1 - 5.3

 Men ............................................................................... 1,930 1,489 77.2 1,422 73.7 68 4.5 3.7 - 5.3

 Women ......................................................................... 2,061 1,298 63.0 1,234 59.9 64 4.9 4.0 - 5.8

 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ........................................... 295 177 60.0 146 49.5 31 17.6 13.6 - 21.6

 Black .............................................................................. 102 81 79.1 77 75.2 4 5.0 1.7 - 8.3

 Hispanic origin ............................................................... 173 127 73.6 118 68.3 9 7.3 3.1 - 11.5

 Men ............................................................................... 93 85 91.2 82 87.4 4 4.1 1.1 - 7.1

West Virginia

Total ................................................................................ 1,448 817 56.4 763 52.7 54 6.6 5.9 - 7.3

 Men ................................................................................ 669 435 65.0 403 60.3 31 7.2 6.3 - 8.1

 Women .......................................................................... 779 382 49.1 360 46.2 23 5.9 5.0 - 6.8

 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................ 113 51 44.8 39 34.5 12 23.0 20.3 - 25.7

 White ............................................................................. 1,396 782 56.0 732 52.4 50 6.4 5.7 - 7.1

 Men ............................................................................... 650 421 64.9 391 60.2 30 7.1 6.2 - 8.0

 Women ......................................................................... 747 361 48.3 341 45.6 20 5.6 4.7 - 6.5

 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ........................................... 108 48 44.6 38 35.1 10 21.4 18.2 - 24.6

 Black .............................................................................. 39 28 70.6 24 61.5 4 12.9 8.9 - 16.9

 Women ......................................................................... 26 19 71.8 16 62.8 2 12.5 6.7 - 18.3

Wisconsin

Total ................................................................................ 3,998 2,892 72.3 2,804 70.1 88 3.0 2.6 - 3.4

 Men ................................................................................ 1,975 1,533 77.6 1,483 75.1 49 3.2 2.6 - 3.8

 Women .......................................................................... 2,023 1,359 67.2 1,321 65.3 39 2.8 2.2 - 3.4

 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................ 280 184 65.7 165 59.1 18 10.1 7.2 - 13.0

 White ............................................................................. 3,675 2,666 72.6 2,602 70.8 64 2.4 2.0 - 2.8

 Men ............................................................................... 1,819 1,422 78.1 1,388 76.3 34 2.4 1.8 - 3.0

 Women ......................................................................... 1,855 1,245 67.1 1,214 65.4 30 2.4 1.8 - 3.0

 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ........................................... 252 173 68.5 159 63.1 14 8.0 5.3 - 10.7

 Black .............................................................................. 219 153 69.8 131 59.9 22 14.1 11.0 - 17.2

Wyoming

Total ................................................................................ 368 262 71.2 249 67.8 13 4.9 4.3 - 5.5

 Men ................................................................................ 179 140 78.5 133 74.6 7 5.0 4.2 - 5.8

 Women .......................................................................... 189 122 64.3 116 61.3 6 4.7 3.9 - 5.5

 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................ 35 21 61.0 19 53.6 3 12.1 9.6 - 14.6

 White ............................................................................. 354 252 71.3 240 67.9 12 4.8 4.2 - 5.4

 Men ............................................................................... 172 135 78.7 129 74.9 7 4.9 4.1 - 5.7

 Women ......................................................................... 182 117 64.2 112 61.3 5 4.6 3.7 - 5.5

 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ........................................... 33 20 61.7 18 54.0 3 12.4 9.9 - 14.9

 Hispanic origin ............................................................... 15 12 74.9 10 67.3 1 10.1 6.3 - 13.9

 Men ............................................................................... 8 7 86.5 6 76.4 1 11.7 7.5 - 15.9

1 Error ranges are calculated at the 90-percent confidence interval, which means

that if repeated samples were drawn from the same population and an error range

constructed around each sample estimate, in 9 out of 10 cases the true value based

on a complete census of the population would be contained within these error ranges. 2 Less than 500 persons. 3 Error ranges cannot be properly computed when the number of sample cases is

very small and/or the unemployment rate is low.

 NOTE: Data for demographic groups are not shown when they do not meet BLS

publication standards of reliability for the particular area based on the sample in that

area. See appendix B. Items may not add to totals or compute to displayed

percentages because of rounding. Detail for race and Hispanic-origin groups will not

add to totals because data for the "other races" group are not presented and

Hispanics are included in both the white and black population groups. Levels

incorporate updated 1990 census-based population controls. Because of separate

processing and weighting procedures, totals for the United States differ from the

results obtained by aggregating the totals for States.
Table 13. States: Employed and unemployed persons by full- and part-time status, sex, age, race, and Hispanic origin, 1999 annual

averages

(In thousands)

Population group and State

Employed1 Unemployed

Full-time workers Part-time workers

Looking for

full-time

work

Looking for

part-time

Total work

At work

Not

at

work

Total

At work2

Not

at

work

35

hours

or

more

1 to 34 hours

Part time for

economic

reasons

Part time for

noneconomic reasons Economic

reasons

Noneconomic

reasons

TOTAL

United States ................................ 110,302 96,276 1,281 8,798 3,947 23,186 2,216 19,509 1,461 4,669 1,211

 

Alabama ....................................... 1,720 1,489 25 154 51 323 34 274 15 82 3 ( )

Alaska ........................................... 240 196 4 25 16 55 10 40 4 17 3 ( )

Arizona ......................................... 1,890 1,673 28 131 57 370 27 311 32 81 3 ( )

Arkansas ....................................... 987 872 15 64 35 181 19 151 11 46 3 ( )

California ...................................... 12,899 11,316 196 950 437 2,823 388 2,279 156 720 144

Colorado ....................................... 1,834 1,594 21 147 72 365 27 310 28 3 ( ) 3 ( )

Connecticut ................................... 1,325 1,149 12 104 61 313 23 272 18 3 ( ) 3 ( )

Delaware ...................................... 312 269 3 28 12 63 4 55 4 3 ( ) 3 ( )

District of Columbia ...................... 231 202 1 21 6 34 5 26 2 15 3 ( )

Florida ........................................... 5,967 5,210 64 497 196 1,115 122 933 60 226 58

Georgia ......................................... 3,395 3,012 43 216 124 530 47 450 34 134 3 ( )

Hawaii ........................................... 452 386 8 40 19 110 23 80 7 27 3 ( )

Idaho ............................................. 492 414 12 50 16 130 15 106 9 26 3 ( )

Illinois ............................................ 5,052 4,472 41 349 190 1,060 77 915 68 225 3 ( )

Indiana .......................................... 2,472 2,152 30 200 90 512 31 451 31 3 ( ) 3 ( )

Iowa .............................................. 1,234 1,056 16 112 50 300 18 262 19 3 ( ) 3 ( )

Kansas .......................................... 1,120 972 14 102 32 272 12 241 19 3 ( ) 3 ( )

Kentucky ....................................... 1,566 1,355 21 129 60 316 35 259 23 70 3 ( )

Louisiana ...................................... 1,644 1,446 22 121 54 303 31 256 15 90 3 ( )

Maine ............................................ 525 437 10 56 22 119 13 99 7 21 3 ( )

Maryland ....................................... 2,271 1,944 18 230 79 397 34 340 23 3 ( ) 3 ( )

Massachusetts .............................. 2,526 2,190 20 221 96 647 45 564 38 84 3 ( )

Michigan ....................................... 3,971 3,488 43 279 161 972 82 830 60 146 3 ( )

Minnesota ..................................... 2,032 1,741 20 199 72 591 34 517 40 3 ( ) 3 ( )

Mississippi .................................... 1,020 896 14 71 39 186 21 156 9 52 3 ( )

Missouri ........................................ 2,313 2,017 25 189 83 438 33 375 30 3 ( ) 3 ( )

Montana ........................................ 344 292 6 32 13 106 15 83 8 19 3 ( )

Nebraska ...................................... 704 618 7 56 23 181 12 158 10 3 ( ) 3 ( )

Nevada ......................................... 787 708 9 43 26 113 13 93 6 33 3 ( )

New Hampshire ............................ 509 444 4 40 20 139 7 124 8 3 ( ) 3 ( )

New Jersey ................................... 3,339 2,907 19 295 118 674 55 579 40 157 3 ( )

New Mexico .................................. 610 535 7 46 22 155 17 127 10 35 3 ( )

New York ...................................... 6,918 6,049 55 551 264 1,506 166 1,247 92 368 91

North Carolina .............................. 3,230 2,843 49 246 92 522 36 451 36 100 3 ( )

North Dakota ................................ 258 221 6 23 9 67 5 58 5 3 ( ) 3 ( )

Ohio .............................................. 4,470 3,848 42 390 190 1,033 75 878 80 187 59

Oklahoma ..................................... 1,325 1,165 15 104 41 266 22 226 18 3 ( ) 3 ( )

Oregon .......................................... 1,318 1,147 22 106 43 342 41 277 23 79 3 ( )

Pennsylvania ................................ 4,583 3,966 47 391 180 1,123 120 933 70 197 66

Rhode Island ................................ 387 319 4 46 19 95 9 79 8 3 ( ) 3 ( )

South Carolina .............................. 1,585 1,386 11 134 54 290 23 249 18 75 3 ( )

South Dakota ................................ 311 268 4 27 12 77 5 67 5 3 ( ) 3 ( )

Tennessee .................................... 2,303 2,019 32 176 77 402 31 346 25 90 3 ( )

Texas ............................................ 8,342 7,383 108 581 270 1,392 156 1,153 83 377 95

Utah .............................................. 807 711 7 66 23 237 16 209 12 28 3 ( )

Vermont ........................................ 257 219 4 23 11 69 5 59 4 3 ( ) 3 ( )

Virginia .......................................... 2,917 2,524 26 279 88 507 39 434 33 3 ( ) 3 ( )

Washington ................................... 2,330 1,987 38 209 96 601 62 489 50 105 3 ( )

West Virginia ................................ 619 525 11 53 30 144 27 106 10 44 3 ( )

Wisconsin ..................................... 2,252 1,976 21 175 80 552 38 474 40 3 ( ) 3 ( )

Wyoming ....................................... 199 173 2 16 8 50 6 41 3 9 3 ( )

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 13. States: Employed and unemployed persons by full- and part-time status, sex, age, race, and Hispanic origin, 1999 annual

averages — Continued

(In thousands)

Population group and State

Employed1 Unemployed

Full-time workers Part-time workers

Looking for

full-time

work

Looking for

part-time

Total work

At work

Not

at

work

Total

At work2

Not

at

work

35

hours

or

more

1 to 34 hours

Part time for

economic

reasons

Part time for

noneconomic reasons Economic

reasons

Noneconomic

reasons

Men

United States ................................ 63,930 57,034 745 4,226 1,924 7,516 946 6,178 392 2,548 518

 

Alabama ....................................... 985 872 15 72 25 102 10 88 4 42 3 ( )

Alaska ........................................... 140 116 3 13 9 19 5 12 1 10 3 ( )

Arizona ......................................... 1,101 991 17 60 33 119 12 101 6 41 3 ( )

Arkansas ....................................... 551 494 9 31 18 70 9 57 4 25 3 ( )

California ...................................... 7,659 6,838 121 488 212 995 182 770 42 398 62

Colorado ....................................... 1,074 948 12 78 35 122 13 100 9 3 ( ) 3 ( )

Connecticut ................................... 756 671 6 47 32 94 11 79 4 3 ( ) 3 ( )

Delaware ...................................... 176 155 2 13 6 19 2 17 1 3 ( ) 3 ( )

District of Columbia ...................... 117 105 1 8 3 13 2 10 1 7 3 ( )

Florida ........................................... 3,407 3,038 39 240 89 397 53 327 18 111 27

Georgia ......................................... 1,887 1,711 20 98 58 175 18 148 8 58 3 ( )

Hawaii ........................................... 239 204 5 19 10 37 10 26 2 18 3 ( )

Idaho ............................................. 307 265 6 27 9 37 5 30 2 17 3 ( )

Illinois ............................................ 2,895 2,623 23 155 94 342 40 280 22 125 3 ( )

Indiana .......................................... 1,444 1,284 16 101 42 159 15 137 6 3 ( ) 3 ( )

Iowa .............................................. 722 636 8 53 25 95 7 83 5 3 ( ) 3 ( )

Kansas .......................................... 636 563 8 50 15 96 5 84 7 3 ( ) 3 ( )

Kentucky ....................................... 914 811 14 62 27 111 16 89 6 40 3 ( )

Louisiana ...................................... 911 821 12 53 25 101 13 84 4 43 3 ( )

Maine ............................................ 300 257 4 27 12 35 4 29 2 13 3 ( )

Maryland ....................................... 1,240 1,093 10 101 36 135 16 112 7 3 ( ) 3 ( )

Massachusetts .............................. 1,492 1,326 10 107 49 181 19 152 9 46 3 ( )

Michigan ....................................... 2,394 2,149 25 135 85 296 33 247 16 79 3 ( )

Minnesota ..................................... 1,204 1,057 9 101 36 179 13 156 10 3 ( ) 3 ( )

Mississippi .................................... 566 510 8 33 15 67 9 56 2 29 3 ( )

Missouri ........................................ 1,327 1,181 15 98 33 159 17 135 6 3 ( ) 3 ( )

Montana ........................................ 206 179 4 16 8 34 5 26 2 10 3 ( )

Nebraska ...................................... 410 370 4 25 11 57 6 48 3 3 ( ) 3 ( )

Nevada ......................................... 452 414 6 21 12 41 6 33 2 19 3 ( )

New Hampshire ............................ 304 271 3 18 11 40 2 36 2 3 ( ) 3 ( )

New Jersey ................................... 1,945 1,736 12 140 57 213 24 178 11 85 3 ( )

New Mexico .................................. 352 314 4 23 11 54 8 44 2 21 3 ( )

New York ...................................... 4,001 3,595 33 244 129 465 72 372 21 211 35

North Carolina .............................. 1,830 1,640 25 118 46 177 16 147 14 44 3 ( )

North Dakota ................................ 152 133 4 11 4 19 1 16 1 3 ( ) 3 ( )

Ohio .............................................. 2,596 2,305 25 176 90 306 28 258 20 106 24

Oklahoma ..................................... 760 682 9 50 19 86 9 72 4 3 ( ) 3 ( )

Oregon .......................................... 798 703 12 59 25 103 20 76 7 44 3 ( )

Pennsylvania ................................ 2,669 2,371 25 185 88 345 40 286 20 116 27

Rhode Island ................................ 224 193 2 20 9 28 3 22 2 3 ( ) 3 ( )

South Carolina .............................. 887 791 7 62 27 97 9 80 8 35 3 ( )

South Dakota ................................ 178 158 2 12 5 26 2 22 2 3 ( ) 3 ( )

Tennessee .................................... 1,289 1,150 15 87 36 129 10 111 7 51 3 ( )

Texas ............................................ 4,870 4,388 65 285 132 476 61 394 21 194 45

Utah .............................................. 501 448 5 36 12 72 8 61 3 16 3 ( )

Vermont ........................................ 149 130 2 11 6 21 2 17 1 3 ( ) 3 ( )

Virginia .......................................... 1,671 1,484 17 131 39 157 15 134 7 3 ( ) 3 ( )

Washington ................................... 1,389 1,205 24 107 53 177 24 143 10 61 3 ( )

West Virginia ................................ 358 314 6 24 15 45 12 30 3 26 3 ( )

Wisconsin ..................................... 1,312 1,178 13 84 37 171 15 144 11 3 ( ) 3 ( )

Wyoming ....................................... 119 106 1 7 4 15 2 12 1 6 3 ( )

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 13. States: Employed and unemployed persons by full- and part-time status, sex, age, race, and Hispanic origin, 1999 annual

averages — Continued

(In thousands)

Population group and State

Employed1 Unemployed

Full-time workers Part-time workers

Looking for

full-time

work

Looking for

part-time

Total work

At work

Not

at

work

Total

At work2

Not

at

work

35

hours

or

more

1 to 34 hours

Part time for

economic

reasons

Part time for

noneconomic reasons Economic

reasons

Noneconomic

reasons

Women

United States ................................ 46,372 39,242 536 4,572 2,022 15,670 1,270 13,330 1,069 2,121 693

 

Alabama ....................................... 735 617 10 82 26 221 24 186 11 40 3 ( )

Alaska ........................................... 100 80 2 12 7 36 5 28 3 6 3 ( )

Arizona ......................................... 788 681 11 72 24 251 15 210 26 41 3 ( )

Arkansas ....................................... 435 379 7 33 17 111 10 93 7 21 3 ( )

California ...................................... 5,240 4,478 74 462 225 1,828 206 1,509 113 322 82

Colorado ....................................... 760 646 9 68 37 242 13 210 19 3 ( ) 3 ( )

Connecticut ................................... 569 477 6 56 29 218 12 192 14 3 ( ) 3 ( )

Delaware ...................................... 136 114 1 15 6 44 3 38 3 3 ( ) 3 ( )

District of Columbia ...................... 114 97 1 13 4 20 3 16 2 9 3 ( )

Florida ........................................... 2,561 2,172 25 257 107 718 69 607 42 115 31

Georgia ......................................... 1,508 1,302 23 118 66 355 29 301 26 76 3 ( )

Hawaii ........................................... 213 181 2 21 9 72 13 55 5 9 3 ( )

Idaho ............................................. 185 149 5 23 8 93 10 76 7 9 3 ( )

Illinois ............................................ 2,157 1,849 18 195 96 717 36 635 46 100 3 ( )

Indiana .......................................... 1,028 868 13 100 48 353 15 313 25 3 ( ) 3 ( )

Iowa .............................................. 512 420 8 59 25 205 11 180 14 3 ( ) 3 ( )

Kansas .......................................... 484 409 6 52 17 176 7 157 12 3 ( ) 3 ( )

Kentucky ....................................... 651 544 7 67 33 206 19 170 17 30 3 ( )

Louisiana ...................................... 733 625 11 68 29 202 18 172 11 47 3 ( )

Maine ............................................ 225 180 5 29 10 84 9 71 5 8 3 ( )

Maryland ....................................... 1,031 850 8 129 44 262 18 228 16 3 ( ) 3 ( )

Massachusetts .............................. 1,034 864 10 114 46 466 25 412 29 38 3 ( )

Michigan ....................................... 1,576 1,339 17 145 76 676 49 583 44 67 3 ( )

Minnesota ..................................... 828 684 11 98 36 412 21 362 30 3 ( ) 3 ( )

Mississippi .................................... 454 386 6 39 24 119 11 101 7 23 3 ( )

Missouri ........................................ 986 835 10 91 49 280 16 240 24 3 ( ) 3 ( )

Montana ........................................ 137 113 2 16 6 72 10 57 6 8 3 ( )

Nebraska ...................................... 294 248 3 31 12 124 6 110 8 3 ( ) 3 ( )

Nevada ......................................... 334 294 3 23 15 72 7 61 4 14 3 ( )

New Hampshire ............................ 206 173 2 22 9 98 4 88 6 3 ( ) 3 ( )

New Jersey ................................... 1,395 1,171 8 155 61 461 31 401 29 73 3 ( )

New Mexico .................................. 258 221 2 23 11 100 10 83 8 14 3 ( )

New York ...................................... 2,917 2,454 21 306 135 1,041 95 875 71 157 56

North Carolina .............................. 1,400 1,203 24 128 45 346 20 303 22 56 3 ( )

North Dakota ................................ 106 88 2 11 5 49 4 41 4 3 ( ) 3 ( )

Ohio .............................................. 1,874 1,543 17 214 100 727 47 619 60 81 35

Oklahoma ..................................... 565 482 6 54 22 181 13 153 14 3 ( ) 3 ( )

Oregon .......................................... 520 445 9 47 19 239 21 202 16 35 3 ( )

Pennsylvania ................................ 1,914 1,595 22 206 92 778 80 647 51 81 39

Rhode Island ................................ 163 126 2 25 10 68 6 57 5 3 ( ) 3 ( )

South Carolina .............................. 697 595 4 72 27 193 14 168 11 40 3 ( )

South Dakota ................................ 133 110 2 15 6 51 3 45 3 3 ( ) 3 ( )

Tennessee .................................... 1,014 869 16 89 41 273 20 235 18 39 3 ( )

Texas ............................................ 3,473 2,995 43 297 139 916 95 759 62 184 50

Utah .............................................. 306 262 2 30 11 165 8 147 9 12 3 ( )

Vermont ........................................ 108 88 1 12 6 48 3 42 3 3 ( ) 3 ( )

Virginia .......................................... 1,246 1,040 9 148 49 350 24 300 26 3 ( ) 3 ( )

Washington ................................... 941 782 14 101 43 423 38 346 39 44 3 ( )

West Virginia ................................ 260 212 5 28 16 99 15 77 7 18 3 ( )

Wisconsin ..................................... 940 798 9 91 43 381 23 330 28 3 ( ) 3 ( )

Wyoming ....................................... 80 67 1 8 4 36 4 29 3 4 3 ( )

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 13. States: Employed and unemployed persons by full- and part-time status, sex, age, race, and Hispanic origin, 1999 annual

averages — Continued

(In thousands)

Population group and State

Employed1 Unemployed

Full-time workers Part-time workers

Looking for

full-time

work

Looking for

part-time

Total work

At work

Not

at

work

Total

At work2

Not

at

work

35

hours

or

more

1 to 34 hours

Part time for

economic

reasons

Part time for

noneconomic reasons Economic

reasons

Noneconomic

reasons

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

United States ................................ 2,386 2,007 80 246 53 4,786 277 4,322 187 575 587

 

Alabama ....................................... 32 25 2 5 1 74 6 67 2 11 3 ( )

Alaska ........................................... 7 6 4 () 1 4 ( ) 10 1 8 1 2 3 ( )

Arizona ......................................... 53 48 1 4 4 ( ) 79 4 73 3 11 3 ( )

Arkansas ....................................... 25 22 1 2 1 32 2 30 4 () 9 3 ( )

California ...................................... 230 197 10 18 4 479 36 427 16 78 61

Colorado ....................................... 47 37 3 6 1 73 3 67 3 3 ( ) 3 ( )

Connecticut ................................... 19 16 4 () 3 4 ( ) 60 3 56 1 3 ( ) 3 ( )

Delaware ...................................... 9 7 4 () 1 4 ( ) 14 1 13 1 3 ( ) 3 ( )

District of Columbia ...................... 2 2 4 ( ) 4 ( ) 4 () 3 4 () 2 4 () 1 3 ( )

Florida ........................................... 148 126 5 13 4 222 17 198 7 28 28

Georgia ......................................... 65 53 3 7 1 121 7 111 4 21 3 ( )

Hawaii ........................................... 7 6 4 () 1 4 ( ) 16 1 15 4 () 4 3 ( )

Idaho ............................................. 16 13 1 2 4 ( ) 29 3 24 1 5 3 ( )

Illinois ............................................ 122 108 2 10 2 241 12 221 7 28 3 ( )

Indiana .......................................... 57 49 1 5 1 115 3 110 2 3 ( ) 3 ( )

Iowa .............................................. 37 30 1 5 1 71 2 65 3 3 ( ) 3 ( )

Kansas .......................................... 32 26 1 4 1 67 1 63 3 3 ( ) 3 ( )

Kentucky ....................................... 38 32 1 5 1 65 6 57 3 10 3 ( )

Louisiana ...................................... 41 32 2 5 1 71 5 64 2 16 3 ( )

Maine ............................................ 11 9 4 () 1 4 ( ) 21 2 18 1 4 3 ( )

Maryland ....................................... 38 33 1 2 2 85 3 78 4 3 ( ) 3 ( )

Massachusetts .............................. 49 40 1 7 1 127 7 115 5 5 3 ( )

Michigan ....................................... 103 91 3 7 1 257 11 237 9 20 3 ( )

Minnesota ..................................... 45 37 1 5 1 140 6 128 6 3 ( ) 3 ( )

Mississippi .................................... 22 18 1 2 1 40 3 36 1 9 3 ( )

Missouri ........................................ 56 46 2 8 1 108 5 99 4 3 ( ) 3 ( )

Montana ........................................ 10 8 4 () 1 4 ( ) 20 2 17 1 2 3 ( )

Nebraska ...................................... 20 17 4 () 2 4 ( ) 47 3 43 1 3 ( ) 3 ( )

Nevada ......................................... 21 19 1 1 4 ( ) 24 1 22 1 4 3 ( )

New Hampshire ............................ 8 7 4 ( ) 4 ( ) 4 ( ) 30 2 27 1 3 ( ) 3 ( )

New Jersey ................................... 52 43 2 5 2 132 4 122 6 13 3 ( )

New Mexico .................................. 15 14 4 () 1 4 ( ) 25 2 22 1 6 3 ( )

New York ...................................... 104 87 3 12 2 272 18 243 12 32 39

North Carolina .............................. 64 51 3 9 1 93 6 83 3 13 3 ( )

North Dakota ................................ 7 6 4 () 1 4 ( ) 16 1 15 1 3 ( ) 3 ( )

Ohio .............................................. 115 93 3 15 4 227 8 204 15 27 28

Oklahoma ..................................... 31 27 1 3 1 59 4 53 3 3 ( ) 3 ( )

Oregon .......................................... 31 26 1 3 4 ( ) 49 5 43 1 10 3 ( )

Pennsylvania ................................ 73 58 2 12 2 219 12 197 11 21 33

Rhode Island ................................ 7 6 4 () 1 4 ( ) 17 1 15 1 3 ( ) 3 ( )

South Carolina .............................. 25 20 1 3 1 73 4 65 4 10 3 ( )

South Dakota ................................ 13 10 4 ( ) 1 1 19 1 18 1 3 ( ) 3 ( )

Tennessee .................................... 55 45 3 6 1 96 3 89 4 9 3 ( )

Texas ............................................ 214 183 7 20 3 297 22 266 9 55 52

Utah .............................................. 33 28 1 3 1 56 3 51 2 6 3 ( )

Vermont ........................................ 5 4 4 () 1 4 ( ) 14 1 12 1 3 ( ) 3 ( )

Virginia .......................................... 60 51 1 5 2 105 7 93 5 3 ( ) 3 ( )

Washington ................................... 49 39 3 5 2 110 6 98 6 12 3 ( )

West Virginia ................................ 10 7 1 1 4 ( ) 29 4 24 2 5 3 ( )

Wisconsin ..................................... 45 39 4 ( ) 5 1 120 5 108 8 3 ( ) 3 ( )

Wyoming ....................................... 6 5 4 ( ) 4 ( ) 4 ( ) 12 1 10 4 () 1 3 ( )

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 13. States: Employed and unemployed persons by full- and part-time status, sex, age, race, and Hispanic origin, 1999 annual

averages — Continued

(In thousands)

Population group and State

Employed1 Unemployed

Full-time workers Part-time workers

Looking for

full-time

work

Looking for

part-time

Total work

At work

Not

at

work

Total

At work2

Not

at

work

35

hours

or

more

1 to 34 hours

Part time for

economic

reasons

Part time for

noneconomic reasons Economic

reasons

Noneconomic

reasons

White

United States ................................ 92,173 80,411 1,062 7,369 3,332 20,062 1,677 17,082 1,303 3,352 921

 

Alabama ....................................... 1,282 1,119 16 108 39 253 17 225 11 44 3 ( )

Alaska ........................................... 196 159 3 20 13 42 6 32 4 11 3 ( )

Arizona ......................................... 1,735 1,536 27 120 53 338 26 281 31 71 3 ( )

Arkansas ....................................... 820 728 10 52 30 152 12 130 10 27 3 ( )

California ...................................... 10,375 9,080 169 771 355 2,342 321 1,887 134 576 107

Colorado ....................................... 1,720 1,499 19 137 66 346 23 296 27 3 ( ) 3 ( )

Connecticut ................................... 1,152 1,000 9 89 53 282 16 248 18 3 ( ) 3 ( )

Delaware ...................................... 237 205 2 21 9 51 3 45 4 3 ( ) 3 ( )

District of Columbia ...................... 100 88 4 ( ) 8 4 15 1 12 1 2 3 ( )

Florida ........................................... 4,967 4,334 53 411 169 952 83 817 52 153 39

Georgia ......................................... 2,303 2,049 29 141 85 368 20 321 27 48 3 ( )

Hawaii ........................................... 107 89 2 10 7 31 4 24 2 5 3 ( )

Idaho ............................................. 478 402 12 49 16 127 15 104 9 25 3 ( )

Illinois ............................................ 4,229 3,739 35 293 162 916 53 802 61 145 3 ( )

Indiana .......................................... 2,270 1,977 26 185 83 485 26 430 29 3 ( ) 3 ( )

Iowa .............................................. 1,195 1,021 15 110 49 288 17 253 18 3 ( ) 3 ( )

Kansas .......................................... 1,012 877 11 93 31 252 11 224 17 3 ( ) 3 ( )

Kentucky ....................................... 1,426 1,237 19 118 51 293 32 239 21 62 3 ( )

Louisiana ...................................... 1,130 994 14 85 37 209 15 183 11 41 3 ( )

Maine ............................................ 517 431 10 55 22 117 13 98 7 20 3 ( )

Maryland ....................................... 1,534 1,304 12 161 57 291 19 254 18 3 ( ) 3 ( )

Massachusetts .............................. 2,322 2,007 19 207 89 605 38 531 35 72 3 ( )

Michigan ....................................... 3,382 2,980 35 231 136 853 59 738 55 107 3 ( )

Minnesota ..................................... 1,918 1,645 18 188 67 565 31 495 39 3 ( ) 3 ( )

Mississippi .................................... 681 608 6 44 24 124 10 108 6 19 3 ( )

Missouri ........................................ 2,074 1,810 21 172 72 404 19 356 29 3 ( ) 3 ( )

Montana ........................................ 325 276 6 30 12 100 14 79 7 16 3 ( )

Nebraska ...................................... 666 585 6 52 22 170 10 149 10 3 ( ) 3 ( )

Nevada ......................................... 683 615 8 38 23 103 11 85 6 27 3 ( )

New Hampshire ............................ 497 433 4 39 20 136 7 121 7 3 ( ) 3 ( )

New Jersey ................................... 2,695 2,338 15 244 98 574 31 506 36 102 3 ( )

New Mexico .................................. 533 470 6 39 19 141 16 116 9 28 3 ( )

New York ...................................... 5,427 4,716 44 451 215 1,266 120 1,068 78 233 64

North Carolina .............................. 2,398 2,132 29 171 65 404 19 353 32 53 3 ( )

North Dakota ................................ 247 212 5 21 9 66 5 56 4 3 ( ) 3 ( )

Ohio .............................................. 3,927 3,393 35 336 164 924 61 789 74 150 46

Oklahoma ..................................... 1,127 995 11 87 34 229 16 198 16 3 ( ) 3 ( )

Oregon .......................................... 1,229 1,068 21 99 41 319 39 258 22 72 3 ( )

Pennsylvania ................................ 4,099 3,542 44 349 164 1,038 100 873 65 159 58

Rhode Island ................................ 359 295 4 43 18 88 8 74 7 3 ( ) 3 ( )

South Carolina .............................. 1,200 1,057 8 96 38 215 10 191 14 39 3 ( )

South Dakota ................................ 294 254 4 25 11 74 5 64 5 3 ( ) 3 ( )

Tennessee .................................... 1,914 1,675 27 149 63 343 23 297 22 64 3 ( )

Texas ............................................ 7,079 6,249 92 502 235 1,207 131 1,004 72 304 75

Utah .............................................. 771 680 7 63 22 232 15 204 12 27 3 ( )

Vermont ........................................ 254 216 4 23 11 68 5 58 4 3 ( ) 3 ( )

Virginia .......................................... 2,223 1,921 22 212 69 396 23 345 28 3 ( ) 3 ( )

Washington ................................... 2,099 1,788 36 190 86 557 56 455 46 95 3 ( )

West Virginia ................................ 596 507 10 50 29 136 24 101 10 41 3 ( )

Wisconsin ..................................... 2,086 1,832 19 160 75 516 32 448 36 3 ( ) 3 ( )

Wyoming ....................................... 192 167 2 15 8 48 6 39 3 9 3 ( )

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 13. States: Employed and unemployed persons by full- and part-time status, sex, age, race, and Hispanic origin, 1999 annual

averages — Continued

(In thousands)

Population group and State

Employed1 Unemployed

Full-time workers Part-time workers

Looking for

full-time

work

Looking for

part-time

Total work

At work

Not

at

work

Total

At work2

Not

at

work

35

hours

or

more

1 to 34 hours

Part time for

economic

reasons

Part time for

noneconomic reasons Economic

reasons

Noneconomic

reasons

Black

United States ................................ 12,904 11,225 164 1,063 452 2,152 419 1,627 105 1,082 227

 

Alabama ....................................... 414 349 9 44 12 68 17 48 4 38 3 ( )

Alaska ........................................... 8 7 4 () 1 4 () 2 4 () 1 4 ( ) 4 ( ) 3 ( )

Arizona ......................................... 80 72 4 ( ) 4 3 13 1 12 4 () 7 3 ( )

Arkansas ....................................... 150 130 5 11 5 26 7 18 1 18 3 ( )

California ...................................... 824 716 9 69 29 144 28 109 6 74 14

Colorado ....................................... 56 47 1 6 3 6 1 4 4 ( ) 3 ( ) 3 ( )

Connecticut ................................... 137 116 2 13 6 27 7 19 1 3 ( ) 3 ( )

Delaware ...................................... 69 58 1 7 3 10 1 8 4 ( ) 3 ( ) 3 ( )

District of Columbia ...................... 124 108 1 13 3 18 4 13 1 13 3 ( )

Florida ........................................... 854 748 10 73 23 136 31 98 8 69 17

Georgia ......................................... 1,024 899 14 72 38 153 27 119 7 85 3 ( )

Hawaii ........................................... 5 4 4 ( ) 4 ( ) 4 () 2 4 () 1 4 () 1 3 ( )

Illinois ............................................ 643 566 5 47 25 106 21 79 5 74 3 ( )

Indiana .......................................... 171 147 4 13 7 23 4 17 2 3 ( ) 3 ( )

Iowa .............................................. 19 16 4 () 1 1 5 2 4 4 ( ) 3 ( ) 3 ( )

Kansas .......................................... 71 62 1 6 2 12 1 11 1 3 ( ) 3 ( )

Kentucky ....................................... 130 110 1 11 8 21 3 16 1 8 3 ( )

Louisiana ...................................... 479 418 9 36 17 90 16 70 4 49 3 ( )

Maine ............................................ 3 2 4 () 1 4 () 1 4 () 1 4 ( ) 4 ( ) 3 ( )

Maryland ....................................... 649 564 5 59 21 93 15 73 4 3 ( ) 3 ( )

Massachusetts .............................. 131 118 1 9 4 26 5 19 2 11 3 ( )

Michigan ....................................... 485 415 6 44 20 98 21 73 4 34 3 ( )

Minnesota ..................................... 50 43 4 ( ) 4 2 12 2 10 1 3 ( ) 3 ( )

Mississippi .................................... 332 283 7 27 15 56 10 43 2 32 3 ( )

Missouri ........................................ 204 178 4 12 9 30 14 16 4 ( ) 3 ( ) 3 ( )

Nebraska ...................................... 25 22 4 () 3 1 6 1 5 4 ( ) 3 ( ) 3 ( )

Nevada ......................................... 45 40 4 () 3 2 5 2 3 4 () 3 3 ( )

New Hampshire ............................ 6 5 4 ( ) 4 ( ) 4 () 2 4 () 2 4 ( ) 3 ( ) 3 ( )

New Jersey ................................... 455 399 3 38 16 82 23 56 3 49 3 ( )

New Mexico .................................. 12 11 4 ( ) 4 ( ) 4 () 3 4 () 3 4 () 1 3 ( )

New York ...................................... 1,054 938 8 72 36 182 40 132 10 116 23

North Carolina .............................. 715 613 18 62 23 101 16 81 4 42 3 ( )

Ohio .............................................. 475 395 6 49 24 99 14 80 6 34 12

Oklahoma ..................................... 92 79 2 7 4 20 4 15 1 3 ( ) 3 ( )

Oregon .......................................... 20 17 4 () 2 1 6 1 5 4 () 4 3 ( )

Pennsylvania ................................ 386 337 2 35 11 67 17 45 4 31 6

Rhode Island ................................ 17 14 4 () 2 1 4 1 3 4 ( ) 3 ( ) 3 ( )

South Carolina .............................. 369 315 3 36 15 72 13 55 4 33 3 ( )

South Dakota ................................ 3 2 4 ( ) 4 ( ) 4 () 1 4 () 1 4 ( ) 3 ( ) 3 ( )

Tennessee .................................... 370 326 4 26 13 54 6 45 3 24 3 ( )

Texas ............................................ 954 851 11 65 26 145 20 117 7 62 17

Utah .............................................. 8 7 4 ( ) 4 ( ) 4 () 1 4 ( ) 4 ( ) 4 ( ) 4 ( ) 3 ( )

Virginia .......................................... 578 499 4 58 17 86 14 68 4 3 ( ) 3 ( )

Washington ................................... 69 59 1 7 3 8 4 () 8 4 () 2 3 ( )

West Virginia ................................ 17 13 1 2 1 7 3 4 4 () 3 3 ( )

Wisconsin ..................................... 110 93 2 12 4 21 4 16 2 3 ( ) 3 ( )

Wyoming ....................................... 2 2 4 ( ) 4 ( ) 4 ( ) 4 ( ) 4 ( ) 4 ( ) 4 ( ) 4 ( ) 3 ( )

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 13. States: Employed and unemployed persons by full- and part-time status, sex, age, race, and Hispanic origin, 1999 annual

averages — Continued

(In thousands)

Population group and State

Employed1 Unemployed

Full-time workers Part-time workers

Looking for

full-time

work

Looking for

part-time

Total work

At work

Not

at

work

Total

At work2

Not

at

work

35

hours

or

more

1 to 34 hours

Part time for

economic

reasons

Part time for

noneconomic reasons Economic

reasons

Noneconomic

reasons

Hispanic origin

United States ................................ 11,767 10,417 209 775 366 1,953 407 1,451 94 786 159

 

Alabama ....................................... 14 13 4 ( ) 4 ( ) 4 () 3 4 () 3 4 () 1 3 ( )

Alaska ........................................... 7 6 4 () 1 4 () 1 4 () 1 4 ( ) 4 ( ) 3 ( )

Arizona ......................................... 490 443 9 27 12 73 10 57 6 31 3 ( )

Arkansas ....................................... 25 23 4 () 2 1 3 2 2 4 ( ) 4 ( ) 3 ( )

California ...................................... 3,605 3,185 83 224 113 639 163 446 30 275 43

Colorado ....................................... 244 217 4 16 8 37 5 30 2 3 ( ) 3 ( )

Connecticut ................................... 102 91 1 9 3 23 4 18 4 ( ) 3 ( ) 3 ( )

Delaware ...................................... 14 12 1 1 1 2 4 () 2 4 ( ) 3 ( ) 3 ( )

District of Columbia ...................... 17 15 4 () 1 4 () 3 1 2 4 () 1 3 ( )

Florida ........................................... 1,110 971 16 90 33 164 36 122 7 58 12

Georgia ......................................... 111 103 1 5 1 16 4 12 1 5 3 ( )

Hawaii ........................................... 17 14 4 () 2 1 3 1 2 4 ( ) 4 ( ) 3 ( )

Idaho ............................................. 44 37 1 4 2 9 3 6 1 5 3 ( )

Illinois ............................................ 506 456 6 26 18 62 8 51 2 28 3 ( )

Indiana .......................................... 42 38 4 ( ) 3 1 13 1 11 1 3 ( ) 3 ( )

Iowa .............................................. 40 36 4 () 2 2 4 4 () 4 4 ( ) 3 ( ) 3 ( )

Kansas .......................................... 39 33 1 4 4 ( ) 11 1 9 1 3 ( ) 3 ( )

Kentucky ....................................... 26 23 4 () 2 1 2 1 2 4 () 1 3 ( )

Louisiana ...................................... 33 30 4 () 1 1 5 4 () 5 1 2 3 ( )

Maine ............................................ 3 2 4 ( ) 4 ( ) 4 () 1 4 () 1 4 ( ) 4 ( ) 3 ( )

Maryland ....................................... 89 75 2 10 1 21 6 14 1 3 ( ) 3 ( )

Massachusetts .............................. 139 124 1 10 4 26 5 20 1 10 3 ( )

Michigan ....................................... 105 94 2 7 2 22 3 17 2 6 3 ( )

Minnesota ..................................... 42 37 1 2 2 5 4 () 4 1 3 ( ) 3 ( )

Mississippi .................................... 12 10 1 1 1 2 1 1 4 ( ) 4 ( ) 3 ( )

Missouri ........................................ 37 34 4 () 3 1 1 1 4 ( ) 4 ( ) 3 ( ) 3 ( )

Montana ........................................ 6 5 4 () 1 4 () 2 4 () 1 4 () 1 3 ( )

Nebraska ...................................... 33 29 4 () 2 2 6 2 4 4 ( ) 3 ( ) 3 ( )

Nevada ......................................... 147 134 3 6 4 13 3 9 1 8 3 ( )

New Hampshire ............................ 7 6 4 () 1 4 () 2 4 () 2 4 ( ) 3 ( ) 3 ( )

New Jersey ................................... 430 382 3 29 15 47 6 37 3 24 3 ( )

New Mexico .................................. 214 188 3 15 9 60 8 49 3 19 3 ( )

New York ...................................... 905 812 9 58 26 154 37 110 7 79 18

North Carolina .............................. 98 91 1 5 1 7 1 6 1 6 3 ( )

Ohio .............................................. 59 49 1 5 4 15 2 13 1 3 1

Oklahoma ..................................... 42 40 4 () 1 4 () 8 2 5 4 ( ) 3 ( ) 3 ( )

Oregon .......................................... 80 71 3 5 1 12 4 7 1 12 3 ( )

Pennsylvania ................................ 86 76 2 6 2 17 3 13 4 ( ) 10 2

Rhode Island ................................ 16 13 4 () 2 1 3 1 2 4 ( ) 3 ( ) 3 ( )

South Carolina .............................. 18 17 4 ( ) 4 () 1 2 4 () 1 4 () 1 3 ( )

South Dakota ................................ 3 3 4 ( ) 4 ( ) 4 () 1 4 () 1 4 ( ) 3 ( ) 3 ( )

Tennessee .................................... 25 23 4 () 1 1 1 4 () 1 4 () 1 3 ( )

Texas ............................................ 2,351 2,067 47 159 78 403 76 309 17 145 37

Utah .............................................. 53 47 4 ( ) 4 2 10 2 7 1 3 3 ( )

Vermont ........................................ 1 1 4 ( ) 4 ( ) 4 ( ) 4 ( ) 4 ( ) 4 ( ) 4 ( ) 3 ( ) 3 ( )

Virginia .......................................... 93 81 1 7 4 13 2 11 1 3 ( ) 3 ( )

Washington ................................... 105 91 2 8 4 12 1 10 1 8 3 ( )

Wisconsin ..................................... 40 36 4 () 3 1 6 1 6 4 ( ) 3 ( ) 3 ( )

Wyoming ....................................... 9 8 4 () 1 4 () 2 1 1 4 () 1 3 ( )

1 Employed persons are classified as full- or part-time workers based on

their usual weekly hours at all jobs regardless of the number of hours they are

at work during the reference week. Persons absent from work are classified

according to their usual status. 2 Includes some persons at work 35 hours or more classified by their reason

for working part time. 3 Data are not shown when the labor force base does not meet BLS

publication standards of reliability for the particular area, based on the sample

in that area. See appendix B.

4 Less than 500 persons.

 NOTE: Items may not add to totals because of rounding. Detail for race and

Hispanic-origin groups will not add to totals because data for the "other races"

group are not presented and Hispanics are included in both the white and black

population groups. Levels incorporate updated 1990 census-based population

controls. Because of separate processing and weighting procedures, totals for

the United States differ from the results obtained by aggregating the totals for

States.
Table 14. States: Employment status of the experienced1 civilian labor force by occupation, 1999 annual averages

(Numbers in thousands)

Employment status and State Total

Managerial and

professional specialty

Technical, sales, and

administrative support

Service

occupations

Precision

production,

craft, and

repair

Operators, fabricators, and laborers

Farming

foresty,

and

fishing

Executive,

administrative, and

managerial

Professional

specialty

Technicians and

related

support

Sales

Administrative

support,

including

clerical

Machine

operators,

assemblers,

and

inspectors

Transportation and

material

moving

Handlers,

equipment

cleaners,

helpers,

and

laborers

CIVILIAN LABOR FORCE

United States ................................ 138,898 19,960 21,277 4,455 16,832 19,110 18,996 15,200 7,826 5,751 5,797 3,674

Alabama ....................................... 2,134 270 303 77 303 256 236 264 176 106 104 2 ( )

Alaska ........................................... 315 48 47 11 35 46 45 36 7 14 17 10

Arizona ......................................... 2,355 370 310 80 311 338 342 251 87 87 93 86

Arkansas ....................................... 1,217 131 161 35 122 158 165 161 109 62 67 46

California ...................................... 16,513 2,569 2,650 539 1,960 2,319 2,182 1,643 826 535 669 616

District of Columbia ...................... 282 56 70 11 19 43 49 14 2 () 8 8 2 ( )

Florida ........................................... 7,344 1,017 964 253 1,074 1,038 1,135 834 227 291 285 222

Georgia ......................................... 4,074 596 516 146 527 517 492 521 288 219 171 2 ( )

Hawaii ........................................... 591 86 81 18 84 81 114 46 2 ( ) 18 22 29

Idaho ............................................. 654 76 81 22 75 82 90 80 38 37 31 42

Illinois ............................................ 6,365 938 942 183 822 963 864 626 380 283 288 74

Kentucky ....................................... 1,960 255 275 59 239 257 245 233 124 113 102 58

Louisiana ...................................... 2,039 242 274 82 276 270 315 220 97 106 101 56

Maine ............................................ 670 86 96 20 71 90 96 87 46 32 23 23

Maryland ....................................... 2,758 479 586 94 295 362 386 261 2 ( ) 106 89 2 ( )

Massachusetts .............................. 3,273 489 611 112 376 454 458 344 157 111 106 2 ( )

Michigan ....................................... 5,127 703 716 160 588 654 733 603 442 195 224 108

Mississippi .................................... 1,260 137 172 33 153 149 173 166 103 71 66 37

Missouri ........................................ 2,842 411 435 89 305 431 363 329 161 122 120 2 ( )

Montana ........................................ 473 59 70 11 53 56 76 48 15 23 22 40

Nevada ......................................... 938 133 104 2 ( ) 117 116 227 104 25 37 40 2 ( )

New Jersey ................................... 4,195 660 704 128 553 665 523 391 190 170 165 45

New Mexico .................................. 807 101 136 29 90 107 123 96 24 35 36 29

New York ...................................... 8,845 1,283 1,523 253 1,035 1,300 1,492 788 372 346 322 129

North Carolina .............................. 3,864 511 520 123 473 483 445 528 353 157 177 93

Ohio .............................................. 5,728 799 860 180 674 751 747 637 441 263 281 95

Oklahoma ..................................... 1,644 207 251 2 ( ) 204 234 224 184 89 80 67 59

Oregon .......................................... 1,758 283 245 41 199 236 258 183 101 69 72 71

Pennsylvania ................................ 5,944 808 948 210 689 857 815 606 351 254 284 121

Rhode Island ................................ 502 68 87 17 65 74 68 50 34 17 16 2 ( )

South Carolina .............................. 1,957 246 284 60 240 239 246 260 170 84 91 2 ( )

Tennessee .................................... 2,811 400 350 89 335 391 351 332 240 128 120 75

Texas ............................................ 10,164 1,416 1,524 337 1,247 1,401 1,403 1,196 448 464 422 305

Utah .............................................. 1,081 155 179 37 138 158 127 127 58 42 40 2 ( )

Washington ................................... 3,061 500 503 95 339 388 405 343 117 120 133 116

West Virginia ................................ 811 83 109 37 103 104 122 101 48 49 41 15

Wyoming ....................................... 261 31 31 6 27 33 43 37 7 18 10 18

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 14. States: Employment status of the experienced1 civilian labor force by occupation, 1999 annual averages — Continued

(Numbers in thousands)

Employment status and State Total

Managerial and

professional specialty

Technical, sales, and

administrative support

Service

occupations

Precision

production,

craft, and

repair

Operators, fabricators, and laborers

Farming

foresty,

and

fishing

Executive,

administrative, and

managerial

Professional

specialty

Technicians and

related

support

Sales

Administrative

support,

including

clerical

Machine

operators,

assemblers,

and

inspectors

Transportation and

material

moving

Handlers,

equipment

cleaners,

helpers,

and

laborers

EMPLOYED

United States ................................ 133,488 19,584 20,883 4,355 16,118 18,448 17,915 14,593 7,386 5,516 5,265 3,426

Alabama ....................................... 2,043 267 297 76 286 249 218 254 162 102 94 2 ( )

Alaska ........................................... 295 47 46 10 33 43 41 32 6 12 15 9

Arizona ......................................... 2,260 363 301 79 299 326 323 242 82 85 85 75

Arkansas ....................................... 1,167 129 159 34 117 155 154 156 102 59 58 44

California ...................................... 15,722 2,504 2,577 523 1,877 2,224 2,048 1,552 763 510 605 537

District of Columbia ...................... 264 55 69 10 17 40 44 13 2 () 7 6 2 ( )

Florida ........................................... 7,082 997 948 248 1,027 1,001 1,083 811 212 281 264 209

Georgia ......................................... 3,925 586 504 144 506 498 459 506 272 215 158 2 ( )

Hawaii ........................................... 561 84 80 18 81 78 107 41 2 ( ) 16 20 26

Idaho ............................................. 621 74 79 22 71 80 83 77 35 34 27 39

Illinois ............................................ 6,112 918 926 180 784 933 819 597 354 274 256 70

Kentucky ....................................... 1,882 251 271 55 228 250 229 223 118 108 92 55

Louisiana ...................................... 1,948 237 271 82 261 262 290 211 88 101 93 52

Maine ............................................ 644 85 94 19 68 87 90 84 44 30 22 21

Maryland ....................................... 2,668 475 574 93 286 351 360 254 2 ( ) 99 80 2 ( )

Massachusetts .............................. 3,173 481 602 107 360 442 445 332 146 106 98 2 ( )

Michigan ....................................... 4,942 691 707 157 565 632 695 585 420 188 201 100

Mississippi .................................... 1,205 135 170 32 147 143 164 157 98 69 57 33

Missouri ........................................ 2,751 406 430 87 296 421 338 315 156 118 114 2 ( )

Montana ........................................ 449 58 68 10 50 54 69 45 14 21 20 39

Nevada ......................................... 900 129 101 2 ( ) 112 111 218 99 23 36 37 2 ( )

New Jersey ................................... 4,013 643 694 124 527 631 485 377 179 161 151 40

New Mexico .................................. 764 99 133 29 85 102 114 89 22 34 31 26

New York ...................................... 8,424 1,253 1,490 244 987 1,239 1,394 742 347 329 280 117

North Carolina .............................. 3,752 504 514 122 460 472 427 514 335 153 164 89

Ohio .............................................. 5,503 787 848 175 643 727 699 610 418 253 253 89

Oklahoma ..................................... 1,591 205 246 2 ( ) 196 228 212 178 86 79 62 57

Oregon .......................................... 1,660 275 238 38 183 225 240 174 93 64 63 65

Pennsylvania ................................ 5,707 791 929 206 656 827 771 580 332 244 258 113

Rhode Island ................................ 483 66 86 17 63 72 64 47 32 15 15 2 ( )

South Carolina .............................. 1,874 242 279 58 224 232 228 252 158 79 85 2 ( )

Tennessee .................................... 2,705 394 342 85 324 380 330 320 228 123 107 72

Texas ............................................ 9,734 1,389 1,497 330 1,188 1,339 1,315 1,143 418 443 379 293

Utah .............................................. 1,043 151 175 36 134 152 120 123 56 40 36 2 ( )

Washington ................................... 2,931 490 492 89 322 376 383 327 113 113 122 103

West Virginia ................................ 763 82 107 35 96 100 113 93 43 45 35 13

Wyoming ....................................... 249 31 31 6 25 32 40 35 7 17 8 17

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 14. States: Employment status of the experienced1 civilian labor force by occupation, 1999 annual averages — Continued

(Numbers in thousands)

Employment status and State Total

Managerial and

professional specialty

Technical, sales, and

administrative support

Service

occupations

Precision

production,

craft, and

repair

Operators, fabricators, and laborers

Farming

foresty,

and

fishing

Executive,

administrative, and

managerial

Professional

specialty

Technicians and

related

support

Sales

Administrative

support,

including

clerical

Machine

operators,

assemblers,

and

inspectors

Transportation and

material

moving

Handlers,

equipment

cleaners,

helpers,

and

laborers

UNEMPLOYED

United States ................................ 5,410 376 394 101 714 662 1,081 607 440 235 532 249

Alabama ....................................... 90 2 6 1 17 8 17 9 14 4 10 2 ( )

Alaska ........................................... 20 1 1 3 () 2 3 3 4 1 1 2 1

Arizona ......................................... 95 6 9 1 11 13 19 9 5 2 8 11

Arkansas ....................................... 49 2 2 1 5 3 11 5 7 3 9 2

California ...................................... 791 65 74 16 83 94 134 92 63 25 64 79

District of Columbia ...................... 17 1 1 1 2 3 5 1 2 ( ) 3 () 2 2 ( )

Florida ........................................... 261 20 15 5 47 38 52 23 15 10 21 13

Georgia ......................................... 149 10 11 2 20 20 33 15 16 5 14 2 ( )

Hawaii ........................................... 29 2 1 1 3 3 7 5 2 () 2 2 3

Idaho ............................................. 32 2 3 3 () 3 3 7 3 2 3 4 3

Illinois ............................................ 253 20 16 2 38 30 46 29 26 9 32 4

Kentucky ....................................... 79 4 4 4 10 7 17 9 6 5 10 3

Louisiana ...................................... 92 5 3 3 ( ) 15 8 25 9 9 5 9 4

Maine ............................................ 25 1 1 1 3 3633211

Maryland ....................................... 90 4 11 1 9 12 26 7 2 () 6 9 2 ( )

Massachusetts .............................. 100 8 9 5 16 12 14 12 10 5 8 2 ( )

Michigan ....................................... 184 12 9 3 23 22 38 18 22 8 22 8

Mississippi .................................... 54 2 2 1 6 6 10 9 5 2 9 3

Missouri ........................................ 90 5 6 2 9 10 25 14 5 4 7 2 ( )

Montana ........................................ 24 1 2 3 () 2 2 6 3 1 1 3 2

Nevada ......................................... 38 3 3 2 () 5 5 9 5 1 1 3 2 ( )

New Jersey ................................... 182 16 10 4 26 34 37 15 11 8 13 5

New Mexico .................................. 43 2 3 1 5 5972243

New York ...................................... 421 30 34 9 48 61 97 46 25 16 42 12

North Carolina .............................. 111 7 7 1 13 11 18 15 18 4 14 4

Ohio .............................................. 225 11 12 4 31 23 49 28 23 9 27 6

Oklahoma ..................................... 53 3 5 2 ( ) 8 6 12 6 3 1 5 2

Oregon .......................................... 98 8 7 3 16 11 18 8 8 4 9 6

Pennsylvania ................................ 237 17 19 4 33 30 44 26 19 9 27 8

Rhode Island ................................ 19 2 1 3 () 2 3 4 3 2 1 1 2 ( )

South Carolina .............................. 83 3 5 1 16 6 17 8 12 4 5 2 ( )

Tennessee .................................... 106 5 8 4 11 11 21 12 12 4 13 3

Texas ............................................ 430 27 28 7 59 63 88 53 29 20 43 12

Utah .............................................. 38 3 3 1 4 774224 2 ( )

Washington ................................... 130 11 11 5 17 11 22 16 4 7 11 13

West Virginia ................................ 48 2 2 1 7 3984362

Wyoming ....................................... 12 1 1 3 () 1 1 3 2 3 () 1 1 1

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 14. States: Employment status of the experienced1 civilian labor force by occupation, 1999 annual averages — Continued

(Numbers in thousands)

Employment status and State Total

Managerial and

professional specialty

Technical, sales, and

administrative support

Service

occupations

Precision

production,

craft, and

repair

Operators, fabricators, and laborers

Farming

foresty,

and

fishing

Executive,

administrative, and

managerial

Professional

specialty

Technicians and

related

support

Sales

Administrative

support,

including

clerical

Machine

operators,

assemblers,

and

inspectors

Transportation and

material

moving

Handlers,

equipment

cleaners,

helpers,

and

laborers

UNEMPLOYMENT RATE

United States ................................ 3.9 1.9 1.9 2.3 4.2 3.5 5.7 4.0 5.6 4.1 9.2 6.8

Alabama ....................................... 4.2 .9 1.8 1.2 5.6 3.1 7.4 3.6 8.0 3.4 9.5 2 ( )

Alaska ........................................... 6.2 2.4 2.3 2.2 5.0 6.6 7.4 10.0 12.3 10.2 11.7 11.7

Arizona ......................................... 4.0 1.7 2.8 .8 3.6 3.7 5.5 3.5 5.9 2.5 8.5 12.5

Arkansas ....................................... 4.0 1.2 1.1 1.5 4.1 2.0 6.7 3.1 6.3 5.0 13.3 4.3

California ...................................... 4.8 2.5 2.8 2.9 4.2 4.1 6.1 5.6 7.6 4.6 9.5 12.8

District of Columbia ...................... 6.2 1.9 1.9 5.2 12.5 7.6 10.0 9.0 2 ( ) 3.5 24.6 2 ( )

Florida ........................................... 3.6 2.0 1.6 2.0 4.4 3.6 4.6 2.8 6.7 3.4 7.4 5.9

Georgia ......................................... 3.6 1.7 2.2 1.3 3.9 3.8 6.7 2.8 5.5 2.1 7.9 2 ( )

Hawaii ........................................... 4.9 1.9 1.4 3.7 3.8 4.1 6.0 10.2 2 ( ) 9.6 9.5 10.6

Idaho ............................................. 5.0 2.7 3.2 2.2 4.5 3.3 7.9 3.6 5.8 7.6 12.8 6.1

Illinois ............................................ 4.0 2.1 1.7 1.4 4.6 3.2 5.3 4.7 6.9 3.1 11.2 5.8

Kentucky ....................................... 4.0 1.7 1.6 6.1 4.4 2.7 6.8 4.1 4.5 4.5 9.5 5.0

Louisiana ...................................... 4.5 2.1 1.1 .3 5.3 2.8 7.8 4.0 9.4 4.8 8.5 6.7

Maine ............................................ 3.8 1.7 1.4 2.8 4.7 3.3 5.9 4.0 5.6 5.3 5.7 5.3

Maryland ....................................... 3.3 .8 1.9 .5 3.1 3.2 6.8 2.6 2 ( ) 6.0 10.2 2 ( )

Massachusetts .............................. 3.1 1.6 1.4 4.2 4.2 2.6 3.0 3.5 6.7 4.1 7.2 2 ( )

Michigan ....................................... 3.6 1.7 1.3 1.6 3.9 3.4 5.2 2.9 4.9 4.0 10.0 7.3

Mississippi .................................... 4.3 1.1 1.3 2.3 3.6 3.9 5.7 5.4 4.9 2.8 13.9 8.8

Missouri ........................................ 3.2 1.3 1.3 2.3 3.0 2.4 6.9 4.3 3.3 3.2 5.4 2 ( )

Montana ........................................ 5.0 1.7 2.8 3.9 4.4 3.8 8.5 5.7 4.8 6.4 11.4 3.8

Nevada ......................................... 4.0 2.3 3.0 2 ( ) 4.2 4.3 3.9 5.2 5.6 3.7 7.1 2 ( )

New Jersey ................................... 4.3 2.4 1.4 2.8 4.7 5.1 7.1 3.7 5.9 5.0 8.0 11.7

New Mexico .................................. 5.3 2.1 2.1 2.6 6.1 4.3 7.1 6.9 9.7 5.2 12.3 10.0

New York ...................................... 4.8 2.3 2.2 3.5 4.6 4.7 6.6 5.9 6.6 4.7 13.0 9.0

North Carolina .............................. 2.9 1.4 1.3 .9 2.8 2.2 4.0 2.8 5.1 2.8 7.7 3.9

Ohio .............................................. 3.9 1.4 1.4 2.5 4.6 3.1 6.5 4.3 5.2 3.6 9.8 6.5

Oklahoma ..................................... 3.2 1.2 2.0 2 ( ) 3.9 2.4 5.4 3.0 3.6 1.2 7.8 3.9

Oregon .......................................... 5.6 2.7 2.9 6.2 8.0 4.8 6.9 4.6 7.8 6.5 12.4 8.4

Pennsylvania ................................ 4.0 2.1 2.0 1.9 4.8 3.5 5.4 4.2 5.3 3.6 9.4 6.9

Rhode Island ................................ 3.8 2.2 1.6 2.5 3.0 3.4 5.6 5.8 5.0 8.1 6.8 2 ( )

South Carolina .............................. 4.2 1.3 1.7 2.1 6.7 2.7 7.0 3.0 7.0 5.0 5.8 2 ( )

Tennessee .................................... 3.7 1.3 2.2 4.7 3.4 2.8 5.9 3.6 5.0 3.4 11.2 4.5

Texas ............................................ 4.2 1.9 1.8 2.0 4.7 4.4 6.2 4.4 6.5 4.4 10.2 3.9

Utah .............................................. 3.5 2.0 1.8 3.1 3.1 4.2 5.3 3.4 2.6 4.2 10.6 2 ( )

Washington ................................... 4.3 2.1 2.1 5.7 5.0 2.9 5.5 4.7 3.8 6.0 8.3 11.4

West Virginia ................................ 5.9 2.1 2.1 3.0 6.4 3.3 7.4 8.2 8.8 6.8 13.8 14.8

Wyoming ....................................... 4.6 1.7 1.8 5.4 4.6 2.6 7.6 4.5 3.9 5.0 14.2 5.4

1 Excludes persons with no previous work experience. 2 Data are not shown when the labor force base does not meet BLS publication

standards of reliability for the particular area, based on the sample in that area. See

appendix B. 3 Less than 500 persons or .05 percent.

 NOTE: Items may not compute to displayed percentages because of rounding. 

Levels incorporate updated 1990 census-based population controls. Because of

separate processing and weighting procedures, totals for the United States differ from

the results obtained by aggregating the totals for States.
Table 15. States: Percent distribution of employed persons by sex, race, Hispanic origin, and occupation,

1999 annual averages

Population group and State

Total employed Managerial and

professional specialty

Technical, sales, and

administrative support

Service

occupations

Precision

production,

craft, and

repair

Operators, fabricators, and

laborers

Farming,

forestry,

and fishing

Number

(In thousands)Percent

Executive,

administrative, and

managerial

Professional

specialty

Technicians and

related

support

Sales

Administrative

support,

including

clerical

Machine

operators,

assemblers, and

inspectors

Transportation and

material

moving

Handlers,

equipment

cleaners,

helpers,

and

laborers

TOTAL

United States .......................... 133,488 100.0 14.7 15.6 3.3 12.1 13.8 13.4 10.9 5.5 4.1 3.9 2.6

Alabama ................................. 2,043 100.0 13.1 14.5 3.7 14.0 12.2 10.7 12.4 7.9 5.0 4.6 1.8

Alaska ..................................... 295 100.0 16.0 15.5 3.6 11.2 14.6 14.1 10.9 2.0 4.2 5.1 3.0

Arizona ................................... 2,260 100.0 16.1 13.3 3.5 13.2 14.4 14.3 10.7 3.6 3.8 3.8 3.3

Arkansas ................................. 1,167 100.0 11.1 13.6 2.9 10.0 13.3 13.2 13.4 8.7 5.0 5.0 3.8

California ................................ 15,722 100.0 15.9 16.4 3.3 11.9 14.1 13.0 9.9 4.9 3.2 3.9 3.4

Colorado ................................. 2,198 100.0 17.1 19.7 3.3 11.8 12.4 12.6 10.8 3.6 3.4 3.5 1.8

Connecticut ............................. 1,638 100.0 18.1 18.7 3.7 11.8 13.8 11.6 10.4 4.8 3.2 3.0 .9

Delaware ................................ 375 100.0 15.8 14.6 3.3 11.6 16.0 13.2 10.9 4.9 4.2 3.5 2.1

District of Columbia ................ 264 100.0 20.7 26.0 3.9 6.2 15.2 16.6 4.9 1.0 2.8 2.3 1 ( )

Florida ..................................... 7,082 100.0 14.1 13.4 3.5 14.5 14.1 15.3 11.5 3.0 4.0 3.7 3.0

Georgia ................................... 3,925 100.0 14.9 12.9 3.7 12.9 12.7 11.7 12.9 6.9 5.5 4.0 2.0

Hawaii ..................................... 561 100.0 15.0 14.2 3.1 14.4 13.9 19.1 7.3 2.1 2.9 3.5 4.6

Idaho ....................................... 621 100.0 11.9 12.7 3.5 11.5 12.8 13.3 12.5 5.7 5.5 4.3 6.3

Illinois ...................................... 6,112 100.0 15.0 15.1 2.9 12.8 15.3 13.4 9.8 5.8 4.5 4.2 1.1

Indiana .................................... 2,985 100.0 11.8 14.6 3.3 11.5 13.2 12.4 12.0 10.0 4.5 4.6 2.3

Iowa ........................................ 1,534 100.0 11.1 14.4 3.7 11.1 13.5 13.0 11.7 6.6 4.1 4.3 6.3

Kansas .................................... 1,392 100.0 14.1 13.9 3.2 12.0 14.9 13.2 11.7 5.5 3.5 3.7 4.2

Kentucky ................................. 1,882 100.0 13.3 14.4 2.9 12.1 13.3 12.2 11.9 6.3 5.8 4.9 2.9

Louisiana ................................ 1,948 100.0 12.2 13.9 4.2 13.4 13.4 14.9 10.8 4.5 5.2 4.8 2.7

Maine ...................................... 644 100.0 13.2 14.6 3.0 10.5 13.5 14.0 13.0 6.8 4.7 3.4 3.3

Maryland ................................. 2,668 100.0 17.8 21.5 3.5 10.7 13.2 13.5 9.5 2.7 3.7 3.0 .9

Massachusetts ........................ 3,173 100.0 15.2 19.0 3.4 11.4 13.9 14.0 10.5 4.6 3.4 3.1 1.6

Michigan ................................. 4,942 100.0 14.0 14.3 3.2 11.4 12.8 14.1 11.8 8.5 3.8 4.1 2.0

Minnesota ............................... 2,623 100.0 15.2 17.6 4.0 11.4 13.1 12.0 10.5 5.5 3.5 3.5 3.5

Mississippi .............................. 1,205 100.0 11.2 14.1 2.7 12.2 11.9 13.6 13.0 8.1 5.7 4.7 2.8

Missouri .................................. 2,751 100.0 14.7 15.6 3.2 10.8 15.3 12.3 11.4 5.7 4.3 4.1 2.6

Montana .................................. 449 100.0 12.9 15.1 2.3 11.2 12.1 15.4 10.1 3.1 4.7 4.4 8.7

Nebraska ................................ 885 100.0 12.2 12.7 3.8 12.3 14.6 12.6 9.5 5.2 4.4 3.9 8.8

Nevada ................................... 900 100.0 14.4 11.2 2.2 12.4 12.3 24.3 11.0 2.6 4.0 4.1 1.5

New Hampshire ...................... 648 100.0 15.3 16.5 3.7 13.3 13.9 11.3 11.1 6.1 3.7 3.5 1.7

New Jersey ............................. 4,013 100.0 16.0 17.3 3.1 13.1 15.7 12.1 9.4 4.5 4.0 3.8 1.0

New Mexico ............................ 764 100.0 13.0 17.4 3.7 11.1 13.4 14.9 11.7 2.8 4.4 4.1 3.5

New York ................................ 8,424 100.0 14.9 17.7 2.9 11.7 14.7 16.6 8.8 4.1 3.9 3.3 1.4

North Carolina ........................ 3,752 100.0 13.4 13.7 3.2 12.3 12.6 11.4 13.7 8.9 4.1 4.4 2.4

North Dakota .......................... 325 100.0 11.9 13.3 2.7 11.7 12.8 15.8 10.0 3.3 5.3 2.9 10.3

Ohio ........................................ 5,503 100.0 14.3 15.4 3.2 11.7 13.2 12.7 11.1 7.6 4.6 4.6 1.6

Oklahoma ............................... 1,591 100.0 12.9 15.4 2.7 12.3 14.3 13.3 11.2 5.4 5.0 3.9 3.6

Oregon .................................... 1,660 100.0 16.6 14.4 2.3 11.0 13.5 14.5 10.5 5.6 3.9 3.8 3.9

Pennsylvania .......................... 5,707 100.0 13.9 16.3 3.6 11.5 14.5 13.5 10.2 5.8 4.3 4.5 2.0

Rhode Island .......................... 483 100.0 13.8 17.8 3.5 13.1 14.9 13.3 9.7 6.6 3.2 3.1 1.0

South Carolina ........................ 1,874 100.0 12.9 14.9 3.1 12.0 12.4 12.2 13.5 8.4 4.2 4.6 1.8

South Dakota .......................... 388 100.0 11.1 14.6 2.6 13.0 12.5 14.7 10.3 5.5 3.5 3.8 8.5

Tennessee .............................. 2,705 100.0 14.6 12.6 3.1 12.0 14.0 12.2 11.8 8.4 4.6 4.0 2.7

Texas ...................................... 9,734 100.0 14.3 15.4 3.4 12.2 13.8 13.5 11.7 4.3 4.6 3.9 3.0

Utah ........................................ 1,043 100.0 14.5 16.8 3.4 12.8 14.6 11.5 11.8 5.4 3.8 3.5 1.9

Vermont .................................. 326 100.0 15.0 17.3 3.3 10.8 13.1 12.8 12.7 5.8 3.2 3.2 2.8

Virginia .................................... 3,424 100.0 17.6 18.1 2.8 11.9 14.1 11.7 10.3 4.4 4.1 3.6 1.6

Washington ............................. 2,931 100.0 16.7 16.8 3.0 11.0 12.8 13.1 11.2 3.9 3.9 4.2 3.5

West Virginia .......................... 763 100.0 10.7 14.0 4.6 12.6 13.1 14.8 12.2 5.7 6.0 4.6 1.7

Wisconsin ............................... 2,804 100.0 14.2 13.9 2.6 11.2 13.3 13.0 12.1 8.7 4.1 3.8 3.1

Wyoming ................................. 249 100.0 12.3 12.4 2.4 10.2 13.0 16.0 14.0 2.8 6.8 3.4 6.8

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 15. States: Percent distribution of employed persons by sex, race, Hispanic origin, and occupation,

1999 annual averages — Continued

Population group and State

Total employed Managerial and

professional specialty

Technical, sales, and

administrative support

Service

occupations

Precision

production,

craft, and

repair

Operators, fabricators, and

laborers

Farming,

forestry,

and fishing

Number

(In thousands)Percent

Executive,

administrative, and

managerial

Professional

specialty

Technicians and

related

support

Sales

Administrative

support,

including

clerical

Machine

operators,

assemblers, and

inspectors

Transportation and

material

moving

Handlers,

equipment

cleaners,

helpers,

and

laborers

Men

United States .......................... 71,446 100.0 15.0 13.6 2.9 11.3 5.5 9.9 18.6 6.5 7.0 5.9 3.8

Alabama ................................. 1,088 100.0 13.4 11.9 3.0 12.6 3.6 6.0 21.8 8.9 8.5 7.6 2.8

Alaska ..................................... 159 100.0 15.4 12.5 4.2 10.0 5.0 11.3 19.6 2.4 6.9 8.0 4.8

Arizona ................................... 1,221 100.0 16.9 11.0 2.8 12.1 4.9 12.0 18.1 4.0 6.5 6.3 5.5

Arkansas ................................. 622 100.0 9.9 10.8 2.4 9.9 4.4 9.1 22.4 8.9 8.8 7.3 6.0

California ................................ 8,654 100.0 15.6 15.0 3.3 11.4 6.9 10.5 16.3 5.1 5.3 5.7 5.1

Colorado ................................. 1,196 100.0 15.6 19.5 3.3 11.4 5.1 9.7 18.0 4.8 5.5 4.7 2.3

Connecticut ............................. 851 100.0 18.9 17.0 3.2 11.9 5.3 8.5 18.4 5.4 5.9 4.1 1.6

Delaware ................................ 195 100.0 16.0 13.7 2.8 10.2 6.9 9.4 19.1 6.8 7.1 4.6 3.2

District of Columbia ................ 130 100.0 19.5 26.0 3.2 6.2 8.3 16.4 9.6 1.5 5.0 3.8 1 ( )

Florida ..................................... 3,804 100.0 14.5 11.3 3.1 13.2 5.5 12.0 19.7 3.6 6.8 5.8 4.5

Georgia ................................... 2,062 100.0 14.7 9.6 2.8 12.0 4.9 7.9 21.8 7.7 9.2 6.0 3.4

Hawaii ..................................... 276 100.0 15.9 12.6 2.5 11.5 5.9 16.4 14.4 2.7 5.1 6.0 7.2

Idaho ....................................... 344 100.0 11.5 11.8 3.4 10.0 4.1 7.6 20.9 7.0 8.9 5.8 8.9

Illinois ...................................... 3,237 100.0 15.6 13.4 2.6 12.9 6.3 10.0 16.5 7.0 7.6 6.3 1.8

Indiana .................................... 1,603 100.0 12.1 12.5 3.1 10.6 3.8 9.0 19.8 11.6 7.5 6.5 3.5

Iowa ........................................ 817 100.0 10.8 10.9 3.3 10.7 5.1 8.2 19.6 8.1 7.3 6.5 9.6

Kansas .................................... 732 100.0 14.9 11.5 3.4 11.3 5.8 8.9 19.2 7.3 6.1 5.2 6.4

Kentucky ................................. 1,025 100.0 13.0 13.1 2.5 11.0 4.8 7.5 19.7 7.1 9.2 7.4 4.6

Louisiana ................................ 1,012 100.0 12.2 11.5 3.7 11.4 4.2 10.4 19.7 6.5 8.9 7.3 4.3

Maine ...................................... 335 100.0 12.7 11.0 2.2 10.6 5.0 9.3 22.8 8.4 7.9 4.8 5.3

Maryland ................................. 1,375 100.0 18.1 19.7 3.0 9.9 4.5 11.9 16.7 3.5 6.6 4.6 1.5

Massachusetts ........................ 1,673 100.0 15.7 16.9 3.4 10.2 6.1 11.4 18.2 5.2 5.6 4.7 2.5

Michigan ................................. 2,690 100.0 14.2 13.3 2.6 10.3 4.8 9.9 19.9 10.6 5.9 5.7 2.9

Minnesota ............................... 1,383 100.0 16.0 14.8 3.6 10.6 5.4 8.8 18.0 6.4 6.1 5.3 5.0

Mississippi .............................. 632 100.0 11.7 11.2 2.3 10.5 3.7 9.1 21.6 8.8 10.2 6.6 4.3

Missouri .................................. 1,486 100.0 16.7 12.3 3.0 10.8 5.3 9.2 19.4 6.5 7.0 6.4 3.7

Montana .................................. 240 100.0 12.3 12.6 2.1 10.4 3.5 9.5 18.3 4.1 8.2 6.8 12.2

Nebraska ................................ 468 100.0 12.8 10.8 2.8 10.4 6.1 7.1 16.5 6.5 7.7 5.9 13.3

Nevada ................................... 494 100.0 14.7 9.5 1.8 10.1 5.1 21.8 18.7 3.0 6.7 6.3 2.4

New Hampshire ...................... 344 100.0 16.7 14.2 3.2 13.8 5.2 8.0 18.5 7.5 5.8 4.7 2.4

New Jersey ............................. 2,158 100.0 17.3 15.1 3.0 13.1 6.4 9.8 16.2 5.1 6.7 5.9 1.4

New Mexico ............................ 406 100.0 12.7 15.0 4.3 10.2 5.3 10.4 19.9 3.5 6.9 6.5 5.3

New York ................................ 4,466 100.0 15.8 14.9 2.7 11.9 6.6 14.2 15.5 4.6 6.6 5.2 2.1

North Carolina ........................ 2,007 100.0 13.8 10.7 2.7 11.8 5.2 7.9 22.1 9.2 6.8 6.3 3.5

North Dakota .......................... 171 100.0 11.8 9.3 2.4 11.2 4.6 8.8 17.6 4.7 9.4 4.3 15.9

Ohio ........................................ 2,902 100.0 15.2 13.3 2.4 10.3 5.3 8.1 19.1 9.9 7.5 6.7 2.3

Oklahoma ............................... 846 100.0 13.6 13.9 1.9 10.7 4.7 8.9 19.5 7.1 8.7 6.1 5.1

Oregon .................................... 901 100.0 16.8 12.9 2.7 9.9 5.4 10.1 17.5 7.2 6.3 6.0 5.2

Pennsylvania .......................... 3,014 100.0 15.2 14.6 3.1 10.5 5.9 9.2 17.7 7.1 7.4 6.5 3.0

Rhode Island .......................... 252 100.0 14.7 16.5 2.9 12.7 6.3 11.4 16.2 6.8 5.4 5.1 1.9

South Carolina ........................ 984 100.0 12.8 10.5 2.5 11.4 3.5 9.6 23.8 8.9 7.2 7.0 2.8

South Dakota .......................... 204 100.0 11.1 12.1 2.0 13.7 3.8 7.9 17.7 6.9 6.5 5.4 12.8

Tennessee .............................. 1,418 100.0 15.5 10.6 2.8 10.4 5.3 8.9 20.4 8.9 7.8 5.5 3.8

Texas ...................................... 5,345 100.0 14.2 13.2 3.3 11.4 5.4 9.5 19.6 5.6 7.6 5.8 4.5

Utah ........................................ 573 100.0 15.4 15.4 3.5 11.4 5.7 8.6 19.7 6.3 6.3 4.8 2.8

Vermont .................................. 170 100.0 15.0 14.4 3.4 10.6 4.5 8.9 21.8 7.4 5.7 4.3 4.0

Virginia .................................... 1,828 100.0 18.4 17.1 2.5 9.6 6.6 8.6 17.7 5.0 7.2 5.0 2.3

Washington ............................. 1,566 100.0 16.5 15.7 2.9 10.0 4.4 8.5 19.1 5.6 6.5 5.9 4.9

West Virginia .......................... 403 100.0 11.7 10.3 3.3 10.8 4.7 9.4 21.8 7.3 10.6 7.4 2.7

Wisconsin ............................... 1,483 100.0 15.3 11.4 1.7 10.5 4.8 8.1 20.9 10.4 7.2 5.5 4.3

Wyoming ................................. 133 100.0 12.2 10.6 2.2 8.2 3.0 9.9 24.4 4.0 11.2 4.9 9.4

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 15. States: Percent distribution of employed persons by sex, race, Hispanic origin, and occupation,

1999 annual averages — Continued

Population group and State

Total employed Managerial and

professional specialty

Technical, sales, and

administrative support

Service

occupations

Precision

production,

craft, and

repair

Operators, fabricators, and

laborers

Farming,

forestry,

and fishing

Number

(In thousands)Percent

Executive,

administrative, and

managerial

Professional

specialty

Technicians and

related

support

Sales

Administrative

support,

including

clerical

Machine

operators,

assemblers, and

inspectors

Transportation and

material

moving

Handlers,

equipment

cleaners,

helpers,

and

laborers

Women

United States .......................... 62,042 100.0 14.2 18.0 3.6 13.0 23.4 17.4 2.1 4.4 .9 1.7 1.1

Alabama ................................. 955 100.0 12.7 17.6 4.6 15.5 21.9 16.0 1.8 6.8 1.0 1.2 .8

Alaska ..................................... 136 100.0 16.7 19.0 2.8 12.6 25.7 17.2 .8 1.5 1.1 1.7 .8

Arizona ................................... 1,039 100.0 15.1 16.0 4.3 14.6 25.6 17.0 2.0 3.1 .6 .8 .7

Arkansas ................................. 546 100.0 12.4 16.8 3.5 10.3 23.3 17.8 3.0 8.6 .8 2.3 1.3

California ................................ 7,068 100.0 16.4 18.1 3.4 12.6 23.1 16.2 2.1 4.6 .7 1.6 1.4

Colorado ................................. 1,002 100.0 18.8 20.1 3.3 12.3 21.2 16.1 2.2 2.2 .8 2.0 1.1

Connecticut ............................. 787 100.0 17.2 20.6 4.2 11.8 22.9 15.0 1.7 4.1 .4 1.8 .1

Delaware ................................ 180 100.0 15.6 15.5 3.9 13.2 25.8 17.3 1.9 2.8 1.0 2.2 .8

District of Columbia ................ 135 100.0 21.9 26.1 4.5 6.3 21.8 16.7 .4 .5 .6 1.0 1 ( )

Florida ..................................... 3,279 100.0 13.6 15.8 3.9 16.0 24.2 19.1 1.9 2.3 .7 1.4 1.2

Georgia ................................... 1,863 100.0 15.1 16.5 4.6 13.9 21.3 15.9 3.1 6.0 1.4 1.8 .4

Hawaii ..................................... 285 100.0 14.1 15.7 3.8 17.2 21.6 21.7 .4 1.6 .7 1.1 2.0

Idaho ....................................... 278 100.0 12.3 13.8 3.7 13.3 23.7 20.3 2.0 4.0 1.3 2.5 3.1

Illinois ...................................... 2,875 100.0 14.4 17.1 3.3 12.7 25.3 17.2 2.2 4.4 1.0 1.8 .5

Indiana .................................... 1,382 100.0 11.5 17.0 3.5 12.5 24.0 16.3 2.9 8.0 .9 2.5 .9

Iowa ........................................ 717 100.0 11.5 18.5 4.2 11.6 23.0 18.6 2.7 5.0 .5 1.8 2.6

Kansas .................................... 659 100.0 13.2 16.6 3.1 12.7 25.0 18.0 3.3 3.6 .7 2.0 1.8

Kentucky ................................. 857 100.0 13.8 15.9 3.4 13.5 23.4 17.7 2.5 5.4 1.6 2.0 .9

Louisiana ................................ 935 100.0 12.1 16.6 4.8 15.6 23.4 19.8 1.3 2.4 1.1 2.0 .9

Maine ...................................... 309 100.0 13.7 18.6 4.0 10.4 22.7 19.1 2.4 5.0 1.2 1.7 1.2

Maryland ................................. 1,293 100.0 17.5 23.5 4.0 11.5 22.3 15.1 1.9 1.9 .7 1.3 .2

Massachusetts ........................ 1,500 100.0 14.6 21.3 3.4 12.6 22.7 16.9 1.9 4.0 .8 1.2 .7

Michigan ................................. 2,252 100.0 13.8 15.6 3.9 12.8 22.3 19.0 2.2 6.0 1.3 2.2 1.0

Minnesota ............................... 1,240 100.0 14.4 20.8 4.4 12.4 21.7 15.5 2.2 4.6 .6 1.6 1.8

Mississippi .............................. 573 100.0 10.7 17.3 3.1 14.0 20.9 18.5 3.5 7.4 .8 2.7 1.0

Missouri .................................. 1,266 100.0 12.4 19.5 3.4 10.8 27.1 15.9 2.2 4.7 1.2 1.5 1.3

Montana .................................. 209 100.0 13.5 17.9 2.6 12.0 21.9 22.2 .7 2.0 .7 1.7 4.6

Nebraska ................................ 418 100.0 11.6 14.7 4.9 14.5 24.1 18.6 1.7 3.7 .8 1.7 3.7

Nevada ................................... 406 100.0 14.0 13.3 2.6 15.3 21.1 27.3 1.6 2.1 .7 1.5 .5

New Hampshire ...................... 304 100.0 13.7 19.2 4.2 12.7 23.6 15.0 2.8 4.4 1.3 2.2 .9

New Jersey ............................. 1,856 100.0 14.6 19.8 3.2 13.2 26.5 14.8 1.5 3.7 .9 1.2 .5

New Mexico ............................ 358 100.0 13.3 20.1 3.1 12.1 22.6 20.1 2.4 2.1 1.5 1.3 1.4

New York ................................ 3,958 100.0 13.8 20.8 3.1 11.6 23.9 19.2 1.3 3.6 .8 1.3 .6

North Carolina ........................ 1,746 100.0 13.0 17.1 3.8 12.8 21.1 15.4 4.0 8.6 .9 2.1 1.0

North Dakota .......................... 155 100.0 12.0 17.8 3.1 12.2 21.8 23.5 1.6 1.8 .7 1.3 4.1

Ohio ........................................ 2,602 100.0 13.3 17.8 4.0 13.2 22.1 17.9 2.1 5.0 1.4 2.2 .9

Oklahoma ............................... 745 100.0 12.0 17.2 3.6 14.2 25.3 18.3 1.8 3.5 .8 1.4 1.9

Oregon .................................... 759 100.0 16.3 16.1 1.8 12.4 23.3 19.7 2.1 3.7 1.0 1.2 2.4

Pennsylvania .......................... 2,692 100.0 12.4 18.2 4.2 12.6 24.1 18.4 1.8 4.4 .8 2.3 .8

Rhode Island .......................... 231 100.0 12.7 19.1 4.2 13.5 24.3 15.4 2.6 6.4 .7 1.0 2 ( )

South Carolina ........................ 890 100.0 13.1 19.7 3.7 12.6 22.2 15.1 2.0 7.9 1.0 1.9 .8

South Dakota .......................... 185 100.0 11.2 17.4 3.2 12.2 22.1 22.2 2.1 3.8 .2 2.1 3.7

Tennessee .............................. 1,287 100.0 13.5 14.8 3.5 13.7 23.7 15.9 2.4 7.9 1.0 2.2 1.4

Texas ...................................... 4,389 100.0 14.4 18.0 3.5 13.1 24.0 18.5 2.1 2.7 .8 1.6 1.2

Utah ........................................ 471 100.0 13.4 18.5 3.3 14.5 25.3 15.0 2.2 4.3 .8 1.8 .8

Vermont .................................. 156 100.0 15.0 20.4 3.2 11.0 22.5 17.1 2.8 4.1 .5 2.0 1.4

Virginia .................................... 1,596 100.0 16.6 19.1 3.1 14.4 22.7 15.4 1.7 3.7 .6 1.9 .8

Washington ............................. 1,364 100.0 17.0 18.0 3.2 12.2 22.6 18.3 2.0 1.9 .8 2.1 1.9

West Virginia .......................... 360 100.0 9.6 18.2 6.2 14.7 22.6 20.8 1.4 3.9 .7 1.5 .5

Wisconsin ............................... 1,321 100.0 12.9 16.7 3.5 12.0 22.8 18.6 2.3 6.9 .7 1.8 1.7

Wyoming ................................. 116 100.0 12.4 14.5 2.7 12.4 24.5 23.1 2.0 1.3 1.8 1.6 3.7

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 15. States: Percent distribution of employed persons by sex, race, Hispanic origin, and occupation,

1999 annual averages — Continued

Population group and State

Total employed Managerial and

professional specialty

Technical, sales, and

administrative support

Service

occupations

Precision

production,

craft, and

repair

Operators, fabricators, and

laborers

Farming,

forestry,

and fishing

Number

(In thousands)Percent

Executive,

administrative, and

managerial

Professional

specialty

Technicians and

related

support

Sales

Administrative

support,

including

clerical

Machine

operators,

assemblers, and

inspectors

Transportation and

material

moving

Handlers,

equipment

cleaners,

helpers,

and

laborers

White

United States .......................... 112,235 100.0 15.4 15.9 3.2 12.4 13.5 12.2 11.5 5.2 4.0 3.8 2.8

Alabama ................................. 1,535 100.0 14.6 15.0 4.0 15.2 12.6 8.2 13.4 6.5 5.0 3.6 1.9

Alaska ..................................... 237 100.0 16.7 16.6 3.9 11.7 13.4 12.3 12.0 2.1 4.0 4.3 3.1

Arizona ................................... 2,072 100.0 16.4 13.6 3.5 13.3 13.9 13.9 11.1 3.5 3.6 3.7 3.5

Arkansas ................................. 971 100.0 12.2 13.9 3.2 10.7 13.9 11.3 14.3 7.5 5.0 4.0 4.0

California ................................ 12,717 100.0 15.9 15.8 3.0 12.0 13.6 12.8 10.4 5.0 3.4 4.0 4.0

Colorado ................................. 2,066 100.0 17.5 20.0 3.2 12.0 12.3 12.3 10.8 3.4 3.4 3.3 1.8

Connecticut ............................. 1,433 100.0 19.2 19.4 3.6 12.4 13.7 11.0 10.2 4.0 2.8 2.8 1.0

Delaware ................................ 288 100.0 16.6 15.2 3.3 12.6 14.7 12.1 11.9 4.1 3.9 3.2 2.4

District of Columbia ................ 115 100.0 27.5 41.6 3.9 5.6 7.6 9.9 2.2 .3 .5 .8 1 ( )

Florida ..................................... 5,919 100.0 15.5 14.1 3.6 15.1 14.0 12.8 12.1 2.8 3.6 3.5 3.0

Georgia ................................... 2,670 100.0 17.9 15.0 3.6 13.8 12.0 8.5 13.9 5.2 5.1 2.9 2.3

Hawaii ..................................... 138 100.0 16.5 20.5 2.7 15.2 8.2 17.5 7.4 1.0 3.6 2.0 5.4

Idaho ....................................... 606 100.0 12.0 12.7 3.4 11.5 12.9 13.2 12.4 5.6 5.6 4.3 6.4

Illinois ...................................... 5,144 100.0 15.6 15.0 2.7 13.4 14.6 12.7 10.6 5.6 4.3 4.1 1.3

Indiana .................................... 2,755 100.0 12.1 14.7 3.4 11.8 12.9 11.6 12.7 10.0 4.2 4.3 2.5

Iowa ........................................ 1,483 100.0 11.2 14.2 3.7 11.2 13.6 12.6 12.0 6.5 4.1 4.4 6.5

Kansas .................................... 1,264 100.0 14.5 14.0 3.1 12.2 14.7 12.4 12.0 5.2 3.6 3.6 4.6

Kentucky ................................. 1,719 100.0 13.7 14.8 3.0 12.4 13.0 11.4 12.0 6.1 5.6 5.0 3.2

Louisiana ................................ 1,339 100.0 14.6 15.8 4.2 14.2 14.0 10.7 12.8 3.6 4.3 3.3 2.5

Maine ...................................... 635 100.0 13.1 14.7 3.0 10.4 13.7 13.9 13.2 6.6 4.8 3.3 3.3

Maryland ................................. 1,825 100.0 19.1 22.7 3.6 11.2 12.1 10.9 11.1 2.2 2.9 3.1 1.2

Massachusetts ........................ 2,927 100.0 15.8 18.8 3.2 11.6 14.2 13.3 10.7 4.3 3.4 3.0 1.7

Michigan ................................. 4,235 100.0 14.5 14.3 3.3 12.0 12.8 12.8 12.4 7.8 3.9 4.0 2.2

Minnesota ............................... 2,484 100.0 15.6 17.8 4.1 11.5 12.8 12.1 10.6 5.0 3.5 3.5 3.6

Mississippi .............................. 806 100.0 14.1 16.6 2.8 13.6 12.7 9.6 13.9 4.7 5.1 3.8 3.1

Missouri .................................. 2,478 100.0 15.1 15.2 3.2 10.9 15.6 11.1 12.1 5.4 4.6 4.1 2.8

Montana .................................. 424 100.0 12.7 15.0 2.4 11.6 12.4 15.0 10.1 3.0 4.7 4.4 8.7

Nebraska ................................ 836 100.0 12.6 12.7 3.9 12.5 14.5 12.2 9.4 4.8 4.4 3.7 9.3

Nevada ................................... 786 100.0 14.8 11.7 2.3 12.4 12.2 23.1 11.4 2.5 3.9 3.9 1.7

New Hampshire ...................... 633 100.0 15.5 16.5 3.7 13.3 13.7 11.4 11.0 6.0 3.7 3.5 1.7

New Jersey ............................. 3,269 100.0 17.3 17.3 2.9 13.6 15.5 10.6 10.5 4.2 3.9 3.1 1.1

New Mexico ............................ 674 100.0 13.3 17.8 3.8 11.2 13.3 14.4 11.2 2.8 4.2 4.2 3.8

New York ................................ 6,693 100.0 15.6 18.5 2.8 12.5 14.4 14.4 9.3 3.9 3.8 3.3 1.6

North Carolina ........................ 2,802 100.0 15.4 14.3 3.4 13.5 12.5 9.5 14.8 7.2 3.5 3.3 2.6

North Dakota .......................... 313 100.0 12.1 13.2 2.7 12.0 12.8 15.3 10.0 3.3 5.2 2.8 10.6

Ohio ........................................ 4,851 100.0 15.0 15.5 3.2 12.0 13.2 11.5 11.4 7.4 4.6 4.5 1.8

Oklahoma ............................... 1,356 100.0 13.5 16.3 2.8 12.6 14.9 11.5 11.1 4.9 4.7 3.7 4.0

Oregon .................................... 1,548 100.0 16.8 14.4 2.3 11.0 13.6 14.3 10.6 5.2 3.9 3.8 4.0

Pennsylvania .......................... 5,137 100.0 14.3 16.2 3.4 11.7 14.2 12.4 10.8 5.8 4.4 4.7 2.2

Rhode Island .......................... 447 100.0 14.1 18.0 3.6 13.3 14.5 13.6 9.7 5.9 3.4 2.9 .9

South Carolina ........................ 1,414 100.0 14.8 16.1 3.5 13.2 12.3 9.9 14.2 7.1 3.5 3.6 1.9

South Dakota .......................... 368 100.0 11.3 14.6 2.7 13.3 12.6 14.2 10.2 5.2 3.6 3.8 8.6

Tennessee .............................. 2,256 100.0 15.5 13.5 3.4 12.4 13.3 10.3 12.6 8.0 4.3 3.8 2.9

Texas ...................................... 8,286 100.0 14.9 15.5 3.5 12.4 13.3 12.5 12.4 4.1 4.3 3.8 3.3

Utah ........................................ 1,003 100.0 14.6 16.8 3.4 12.7 14.7 11.5 12.0 5.3 3.7 3.3 1.9

Vermont .................................. 322 100.0 15.2 17.0 3.3 10.8 13.1 12.8 12.7 5.8 3.2 3.2 2.8

Virginia .................................... 2,619 100.0 18.8 20.1 2.7 12.4 12.8 9.9 11.4 3.4 3.4 3.2 2.0

Washington ............................. 2,656 100.0 17.0 17.1 3.1 11.1 12.5 12.7 11.2 3.6 3.9 4.1 3.7

West Virginia .......................... 732 100.0 10.7 14.0 4.7 12.4 13.0 14.2 12.6 5.8 6.2 4.7 1.7

Wisconsin ............................... 2,602 100.0 14.3 13.8 2.6 11.7 13.0 12.4 12.5 8.7 4.0 3.8 3.3

Wyoming ................................. 240 100.0 12.5 12.6 2.5 10.2 12.9 15.4 14.3 2.8 6.7 3.4 6.7

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 15. States: Percent distribution of employed persons by sex, race, Hispanic origin, and occupation,

1999 annual averages — Continued

Population group and State

Total employed Managerial and

professional specialty

Technical, sales, and

administrative support

Service

occupations

Precision

production,

craft, and

repair

Operators, fabricators, and

laborers

Farming,

forestry,

and fishing

Number

(In thousands)Percent

Executive,

administrative, and

managerial

Professional

specialty

Technicians and

related

support

Sales

Administrative

support,

including

clerical

Machine

operators,

assemblers, and

inspectors

Transportation and

material

moving

Handlers,

equipment

cleaners,

helpers,

and

laborers

Black

United States .......................... 15,056 100.0 9.9 11.6 3.1 9.3 16.5 21.8 7.8 7.6 5.8 5.5 1.1

Alabama ................................. 482 100.0 8.4 13.0 2.8 10.0 11.0 18.5 9.8 12.8 5.1 6.8 1.6

Alaska ..................................... 10 100.0 9.0 12.1 2 ( ) 14.7 17.9 22.2 4.6 2 ( ) 7.5 10.5 1.5

Arizona ................................... 93 100.0 12.8 10.6 4.5 14.9 23.4 15.6 2.9 3.2 7.7 4.6 2 ( )

Arkansas ................................. 177 100.0 5.0 12.4 1.6 6.2 10.6 22.7 8.9 14.1 5.4 10.5 2.6

California ................................ 967 100.0 15.4 16.5 4.3 9.1 19.5 17.2 6.8 2.0 4.6 3.7 .7

Colorado ................................. 62 100.0 13.8 8.7 3.6 10.5 17.7 23.5 6.0 5.2 4.8 6.1 2 ( )

Connecticut ............................. 164 100.0 9.6 14.5 4.3 7.9 14.9 18.4 11.2 6.4 7.4 5.4 2 ( )

Delaware ................................ 79 100.0 13.5 10.6 3.6 8.0 20.4 16.9 7.8 8.2 5.2 4.6 1.2

District of Columbia ................ 142 100.0 15.4 13.4 4.0 6.8 21.5 21.2 7.3 1.6 4.8 3.7 1 ( )

Florida ..................................... 990 100.0 6.1 9.2 2.9 10.5 15.5 28.7 8.1 4.6 6.3 5.6 2.3

Georgia ................................... 1,177 100.0 8.4 7.8 4.0 9.9 14.8 18.9 10.8 10.7 6.6 6.6 1.5

Hawaii ..................................... 6 100.0 13.4 16.3 2 ( ) 27.0 2 ( ) 29.3 12.0 1.9 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

Illinois ...................................... 749 100.0 10.7 12.5 3.5 8.5 21.8 18.8 6.1 6.6 6.0 5.0 .6

Indiana .................................... 194 100.0 9.4 10.5 1.3 8.0 15.8 24.5 4.2 10.2 7.3 8.8 2 ( )

Iowa ........................................ 24 100.0 6.0 8.3 2 ( ) 12.6 15.2 38.4 1.9 6.1 7.9 3.3 .5

Kansas .................................... 83 100.0 9.3 14.0 4.7 9.4 18.6 20.1 9.4 6.4 3.2 4.3 .5

Kentucky ................................. 150 100.0 10.3 8.0 2.5 9.6 17.3 19.5 10.6 9.2 7.5 4.8 .7

Louisiana ................................ 569 100.0 6.4 9.6 4.1 11.1 12.6 23.8 6.9 6.7 7.3 8.2 3.1

Maine ...................................... 3 100.0 12.2 7.0 8.5 13.4 5.0 23.8 2.5 4.7 2 ( ) 14.4 8.6

Maryland ................................. 742 100.0 15.6 16.3 2.9 9.2 16.9 20.1 6.0 3.8 6.0 3.0 .2

Massachusetts ........................ 157 100.0 6.1 13.5 4.9 7.0 13.9 30.0 7.2 7.7 3.5 5.5 .8

Michigan ................................. 583 100.0 9.7 10.4 2.2 9.0 14.4 22.6 8.9 13.4 3.6 4.8 1.0

Minnesota ............................... 62 100.0 5.2 14.4 2.9 8.2 27.3 13.5 5.6 7.4 7.7 7.8 2 ( )

Mississippi .............................. 389 100.0 5.6 8.5 2.5 9.4 10.5 20.9 11.4 15.4 7.1 6.7 2.1

Missouri .................................. 233 100.0 13.4 16.6 2.6 10.4 12.2 24.2 5.3 7.6 1.9 4.7 1.0

Nebraska ................................ 31 100.0 4.7 10.1 3.1 7.5 18.1 21.9 8.7 11.3 5.4 8.1 1.0

Nevada ................................... 50 100.0 12.3 6.4 2.2 10.4 20.1 30.6 4.8 1.1 6.4 5.8 2 ( )

New Hampshire ...................... 8 100.0 6.9 18.1 1.9 9.2 26.3 6.8 19.7 6.0 1.4 3.8 2 ( )

New Jersey ............................. 537 100.0 9.2 12.0 2.9 10.1 20.0 22.0 4.7 5.4 5.8 7.3 .7

New Mexico ............................ 15 100.0 20.2 15.3 4.1 8.8 15.1 13.6 5.4 2 ( ) 13.4 3.7 .4

New York ................................ 1,235 100.0 10.4 12.9 3.0 7.5 18.1 28.5 6.8 4.0 4.2 3.8 .7

North Carolina ........................ 816 100.0 7.5 10.9 3.0 9.0 12.7 17.6 9.7 13.5 6.4 8.0 1.8

Ohio ........................................ 574 100.0 8.7 12.5 3.2 9.4 14.0 22.3 8.8 9.5 5.4 5.7 .5

Oklahoma ............................... 111 100.0 9.0 10.4 1.7 10.3 11.5 29.0 7.1 7.7 8.5 4.4 .4

Oregon .................................... 26 100.0 11.1 11.7 2.6 15.0 17.0 13.1 11.7 1.8 9.4 2 ( ) 6.6

Pennsylvania .......................... 452 100.0 9.0 13.7 4.0 10.5 18.9 25.6 4.9 6.0 4.2 2.8 .2

Rhode Island .......................... 21 100.0 10.5 13.4 2.2 13.9 22.1 11.7 7.1 12.0 2 ( ) 6.9 2 ( )

South Carolina ........................ 441 100.0 7.1 10.5 1.9 8.1 13.2 18.9 11.3 12.8 6.7 7.8 1.6

South Dakota .......................... 4 100.0 2 ( ) 9.7 2 ( ) 9.6 7.2 26.8 19.8 19.3 2 ( ) 7.5 2 ( )

Tennessee .............................. 424 100.0 10.1 7.2 1.8 9.3 18.3 22.4 7.5 10.5 6.4 5.0 1.4

Texas ...................................... 1,099 100.0 10.6 12.6 2.7 10.4 18.0 21.0 6.8 4.8 6.9 4.6 1.5

Utah ........................................ 8 100.0 11.9 11.1 5.0 17.1 14.3 21.6 2.5 5.0 11.7 2 ( ) 2 ( )

Virginia .................................... 664 100.0 13.1 8.2 2.6 8.6 20.7 18.5 7.1 8.4 7.2 5.1 .4

Washington ............................. 77 100.0 6.7 18.1 3.0 9.8 17.4 19.9 12.5 3.0 4.2 4.7 .6

West Virginia .......................... 24 100.0 13.3 7.5 4.0 15.5 18.8 29.0 2.8 3.2 1.3 3.9 .7

Wisconsin ............................... 131 100.0 11.4 10.1 3.3 4.6 19.4 23.4 8.8 7.4 6.9 4.7 2 ( )

Wyoming ................................. 3 100.0 3.0 15.0 4.8 15.9 12.6 22.0 6.1 2 ( ) 8.4 4.9 7.4

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 15. States: Percent distribution of employed persons by sex, race, Hispanic origin, and occupation,

1999 annual averages — Continued

Population group and State

Total employed Managerial and

professional specialty

Technical, sales, and

administrative support

Service

occupations

Precision

production,

craft, and

repair

Operators, fabricators, and

laborers

Farming,

forestry,

and fishing

Number

(In thousands)Percent

Executive,

administrative, and

managerial

Professional

specialty

Technicians and

related

support

Sales

Administrative

support,

including

clerical

Machine

operators,

assemblers, and

inspectors

Transportation and

material

moving

Handlers,

equipment

cleaners,

helpers,

and

laborers

Hispanic origin

United States .......................... 13,720 100.0 8.0 6.9 2.0 9.2 12.7 19.8 13.6 9.9 4.8 7.2 5.8

Alabama ................................. 17 100.0 2.9 10.7 2 ( ) 7.9 4.6 11.0 23.1 25.4 3.7 6.4 4.2

Alaska ..................................... 8 100.0 10.2 25.9 3.5 6.8 8.0 24.3 5.2 .7 .9 10.4 4.0

Arizona ................................... 564 100.0 6.9 5.4 1.8 11.2 12.5 20.6 14.8 5.1 3.6 8.3 9.7

Arkansas ................................. 29 100.0 15.0 6.3 6.2 1.5 5.1 12.0 14.1 21.3 4.4 10.3 3.8

California ................................ 4,244 100.0 7.2 5.5 1.9 8.2 13.4 18.7 12.9 11.3 4.9 7.1 9.1

Colorado ................................. 282 100.0 10.1 8.1 1.6 9.5 13.4 19.4 14.8 6.2 5.4 9.0 2.6

Connecticut ............................. 125 100.0 8.1 9.4 1.8 9.9 12.5 20.2 15.7 10.7 2.5 8.6 .7

Delaware ................................ 16 100.0 7.6 2.0 1.2 6.6 13.0 27.0 20.3 5.6 1.4 8.5 6.8

District of Columbia ................ 20 100.0 6.9 7.7 2.5 7.4 10.9 47.3 10.3 1.1 2.5 2.4 1 ( )

Florida ..................................... 1,274 100.0 10.0 9.0 2.4 12.9 14.8 15.6 13.9 5.7 4.6 5.7 5.4

Georgia ................................... 127 100.0 12.8 7.7 .2 9.2 4.4 11.4 19.7 16.3 2.5 12.4 3.3

Hawaii ..................................... 19 100.0 12.7 9.6 6.2 5.1 8.3 20.5 9.2 2.0 11.3 8.8 6.4

Idaho ....................................... 53 100.0 2.4 4.8 2.5 6.6 8.5 15.2 9.5 12.6 6.6 8.6 22.8

Illinois ...................................... 568 100.0 5.8 4.5 1.4 9.0 13.1 18.9 10.5 19.8 5.2 9.0 3.0

Indiana .................................... 55 100.0 10.9 7.4 1.2 10.1 6.6 15.6 13.3 19.1 2.1 9.6 4.0

Iowa ........................................ 45 100.0 1.9 3.0 4.5 4.4 5.0 16.1 18.7 16.1 4.9 23.5 1.9

Kansas .................................... 50 100.0 8.3 6.7 2.2 7.8 11.6 20.0 19.6 12.2 4.0 7.1 .6

Kentucky ................................. 28 100.0 2 ( ) 19.7 5.0 10.9 12.3 14.0 6.3 8.8 1.0 3.0 19.0

Louisiana ................................ 39 100.0 12.9 12.8 .5 14.8 17.1 16.4 13.7 2.7 4.9 2.5 1.7

Maine ...................................... 3 100.0 2 ( ) 14.6 11.5 11.3 9.9 28.7 12.2 2.1 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 9.8

Maryland ................................. 110 100.0 12.7 13.1 1.9 3.7 15.4 31.0 10.1 2.5 3.8 4.3 1.5

Massachusetts ........................ 164 100.0 3.7 9.6 2.6 7.8 9.8 33.6 7.7 13.6 2.3 7.0 2.3

Michigan ................................. 127 100.0 8.9 8.2 2.0 8.0 8.1 25.9 9.6 10.6 7.0 8.3 3.4

Minnesota ............................... 46 100.0 16.8 3.3 4.0 7.8 1.9 37.8 6.5 10.9 2.4 6.7 1.8

Mississippi .............................. 14 100.0 5.9 4.4 2 ( ) 4.5 3.1 7.8 19.5 19.8 10.8 19.8 4.4

Missouri .................................. 39 100.0 5.3 4.8 2 ( ) 9.0 4.0 22.0 21.0 25.4 1.8 3.0 3.9

Montana .................................. 8 100.0 15.7 9.0 3.0 9.4 14.4 22.9 10.8 .6 2 ( ) 6.8 7.5

Nebraska ................................ 39 100.0 8.2 5.2 1.4 6.3 13.9 14.5 19.2 17.7 5.2 6.0 2.4

Nevada ................................... 161 100.0 6.6 2.9 .8 7.9 8.1 37.8 13.3 5.8 4.3 8.1 4.5

New Hampshire ...................... 9 100.0 .9 11.6 4.8 8.0 4.6 31.9 21.4 13.1 2.7 .9 2 ( )

New Jersey ............................. 476 100.0 9.2 5.4 1.3 10.6 15.6 14.6 11.5 16.1 7.3 6.6 1.8

New Mexico ............................ 274 100.0 8.8 9.2 2.8 10.1 14.2 20.7 12.9 4.2 5.4 6.9 4.7

New York ................................ 1,058 100.0 9.4 7.6 1.8 8.8 13.3 29.1 8.4 8.4 5.7 6.5 1.1

North Carolina ........................ 106 100.0 2.1 3.9 1.8 6.0 5.7 10.8 19.7 21.7 4.4 13.7 10.0

Ohio ........................................ 74 100.0 8.1 6.6 2.3 10.0 6.6 16.5 15.4 21.2 3.0 9.2 1.0

Oklahoma ............................... 50 100.0 5.8 12.0 4.3 15.2 10.7 8.9 14.7 9.0 2.4 12.1 5.0

Oregon .................................... 93 100.0 8.7 6.1 1.1 5.3 8.4 18.2 8.5 15.1 3.8 7.2 17.6

Pennsylvania .......................... 103 100.0 7.4 10.7 3.7 6.1 14.9 16.7 9.4 15.3 4.6 5.5 5.6

Rhode Island .......................... 19 100.0 1.9 9.9 3.5 5.0 9.8 14.4 15.8 19.0 3.0 12.3 5.4

South Carolina ........................ 19 100.0 11.2 3.7 2 ( ) 6.8 7.4 8.7 14.3 23.2 2 ( ) 14.2 10.5

South Dakota .......................... 4 100.0 7.6 11.9 2 ( ) 30.7 5.9 13.1 10.9 7.4 4.5 8.1 2 ( )

Tennessee .............................. 25 100.0 18.9 8.7 2 ( ) 7.1 13.8 14.1 17.2 1.0 3.4 4.3 11.6

Texas ...................................... 2,754 100.0 7.8 7.7 2.3 10.0 12.5 19.6 17.3 7.3 5.0 6.9 3.8

Utah ........................................ 62 100.0 4.6 8.5 2.6 6.4 8.0 18.2 22.4 16.5 1.8 9.7 1.4

Vermont .................................. 2 100.0 28.6 24.4 2.8 25.3 5.6 13.4 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

Virginia .................................... 107 100.0 18.4 10.9 1.9 9.3 8.8 23.3 15.9 3.6 .8 6.9 .2

Washington ............................. 118 100.0 6.7 7.0 3.4 4.7 10.2 15.2 13.5 6.2 6.0 7.5 19.8

Wisconsin ............................... 46 100.0 3.7 3.8 1.1 4.6 5.3 18.9 18.8 32.8 2 ( ) 9.0 2.0

Wyoming ................................. 10 100.0 7.1 5.4 1.1 8.9 10.5 21.7 17.5 2.1 9.7 8.1 8.0

1 Data are not shown when the labor force base does not meet BLS publication standards of

reliability for the particular area, based on the sample in that area. See appendix B. 2 Less than 500 persons employed or less than 0.05 percent of total employed.

 NOTE: Data for demographic groups are not shown when they do not meet BLS publication

standards of reliability for the particular area based on the sample in that area. See appendix B. 

Items may not add to totals or compute to displayed percentages because of rounding. Detail for race

and Hispanic-origin groups will not add to totals because data for the "other races" group are not

presented and Hispanics are included in both the white and black population groups. Levels

incorporate updated 1990 census-based population controls.
Table 16. States: Employment status of the experienced1 civilian labor force by industry, 1999 annual averages

Employment status and State Total2

Nonagricultural industries

Agriculture Total3

Private nonagricultural wage and salary workers

Government Total4 Construction

Manufacturing Transportation,

communications,

 and public utilities

Trade

Finance,

insurance,

and real

estate

Services Total Durable

goods

Nondurable

goods

CIVILIAN LABOR FORCE

United States .......................... 138,898 134,372 105,999 7,439 20,348 12,448 7,900 7,748 27,242 8,135 34,507 19,306 3,487

Alabama ................................. 2,134 2,096 1,674 141 426 242 184 86 451 101 462 289 5 ( )

Alaska ..................................... 315 311 197 19 9 5 ( ) 7 29 55 11 66 81 5 ( )

Arizona ................................... 2,355 2,264 1,795 165 256 194 61 124 482 168 597 315 74

Arkansas ................................. 1,217 1,167 913 62 230 129 101 70 240 62 247 183 40

California ................................ 16,513 15,679 11,967 815 2,211 1,447 764 841 3,078 925 4,068 2,278 618

District of Columbia ................ 282 279 197 9 8 5 ( ) 7 15 35 16 113 68 5 ( )

Florida ..................................... 7,344 7,077 5,785 520 606 370 236 488 1,662 509 1,993 895 204

Georgia ................................... 4,074 3,956 3,139 227 649 297 353 310 798 231 917 546 84

Hawaii ..................................... 591 563 411 29 21 5 ( ) 17 41 131 37 151 113 23

Idaho ....................................... 654 606 453 40 97 55 42 36 133 27 117 98 42

Illinois ...................................... 6,365 6,264 5,187 307 1,038 635 403 427 1,297 414 1,698 746 73

Kentucky ................................. 1,960 1,889 1,495 125 312 188 124 132 384 92 420 269 53

Louisiana ................................ 2,039 1,970 1,526 118 215 84 131 117 429 88 508 319 49

Maine ...................................... 670 650 492 35 102 51 51 24 133 34 165 87 5 ( )

Maryland ................................. 2,758 2,707 1,915 155 218 113 105 139 477 161 765 626 5 ( )

Massachusetts ........................ 3,273 3,209 2,588 136 468 312 156 156 629 215 983 396 5 ( )

Michigan ................................. 5,127 4,998 4,147 262 1,164 924 240 202 1,073 244 1,200 575 97

Mississippi .............................. 1,260 1,217 944 72 240 126 114 58 235 57 265 195 36

Missouri .................................. 2,842 2,751 2,216 173 402 223 178 171 562 164 739 396 5 ( )

Montana .................................. 473 433 298 25 32 23 5 ( ) 21 92 17 105 84 36

Nevada ................................... 938 919 752 84 41 23 5 ( ) 46 160 46 363 111 5 ( )

New Jersey ............................. 4,195 4,135 3,348 194 538 226 312 303 815 333 1,161 575 40

New Mexico ............................ 807 774 534 53 43 29 5 ( ) 41 163 31 183 174 28

New York ................................ 8,845 8,657 6,667 391 1,000 545 455 492 1,636 672 2,468 1,457 99

North Carolina ........................ 3,864 3,752 2,954 230 848 437 411 155 731 198 789 523 90

Ohio ........................................ 5,728 5,609 4,641 266 1,151 761 389 268 1,209 301 1,428 666 93

Oklahoma ............................... 1,644 1,572 1,167 69 221 139 81 94 342 81 330 287 59

Oregon .................................... 1,758 1,677 1,298 90 266 191 75 84 372 85 399 220 68

Pennsylvania .......................... 5,944 5,797 4,761 253 978 570 407 334 1,148 336 1,690 686 109

Rhode Island .......................... 502 494 407 20 90 57 32 16 106 33 143 61 5 ( )

South Carolina ........................ 1,957 1,914 1,494 111 401 184 218 102 394 105 380 320 5 ( )

Tennessee .............................. 2,811 2,737 2,135 145 506 344 162 152 553 145 628 391 5 ( )

Texas ...................................... 10,164 9,742 7,677 623 1,214 694 521 698 2,049 552 2,389 1,349 327

Utah ........................................ 1,081 1,054 827 69 131 91 40 55 230 63 263 161 5 ( )

Washington ............................. 3,061 2,943 2,235 199 416 302 115 159 566 168 721 479 94

West Virginia .......................... 811 792 614 45 98 55 43 50 165 30 196 129 5 ( )

Wyoming ................................. 261 242 171 19 11 5 ( ) 5 ( ) 18 52 9 45 51 17

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 16. States: Employment status of the experienced1 civilian labor force by industry, 1999 annual averages — Continued

Employment status and State Total2

Nonagricultural industries

Agriculture Total3

Private nonagricultural wage and salary workers

Government Total4 Construction

Manufacturing Transportation,

communications,

 and public utilities

Trade

Finance,

insurance,

and real

estate

Services Total Durable

goods

Nondurable

goods

EMPLOYED

United States .......................... 133,488 129,267 101,487 6,919 19,609 12,014 7,595 7,513 25,820 7,944 33,136 18,903 3,281

Alabama ................................. 2,043 2,007 1,595 131 409 232 177 84 423 101 441 282 5 ( )

Alaska ..................................... 295 292 184 16 9 5 ( ) 6 28 51 11 62 76 5 ( )

Arizona ................................... 2,260 2,181 1,726 160 246 188 58 121 457 164 575 306 65

Arkansas ................................. 1,167 1,120 872 59 218 123 95 68 227 61 238 179 38

California ................................ 15,722 14,982 11,364 748 2,103 1,374 728 803 2,911 894 3,879 2,222 545

District of Columbia ................ 264 262 183 8 8 5 ( ) 6 14 31 15 107 65 5 ( )

Florida ..................................... 7,082 6,834 5,564 499 583 354 229 479 1,577 495 1,924 881 193

Georgia ................................... 3,925 3,813 3,011 214 623 283 340 302 757 227 883 533 82

Hawaii ..................................... 561 537 389 24 20 5 ( ) 16 40 125 36 145 110 21

Idaho ....................................... 621 576 428 37 92 53 39 35 124 27 111 95 40

Illinois ...................................... 6,112 6,016 4,965 278 1,002 612 390 416 1,226 406 1,631 729 70

Kentucky ................................. 1,882 1,813 1,428 119 300 180 120 129 362 91 398 262 51

Louisiana ................................ 1,948 1,884 1,447 109 203 80 123 113 402 85 489 315 45

Maine ...................................... 644 626 471 32 98 50 49 24 126 33 158 85 5 ( )

Maryland ................................. 2,668 2,621 1,845 148 208 106 102 136 455 157 740 612 5 ( )

Massachusetts ........................ 3,173 3,112 2,499 127 451 301 149 151 606 211 953 391 5 ( )

Michigan ................................. 4,942 4,822 3,989 241 1,133 898 235 194 1,020 239 1,159 563 90

Mississippi .............................. 1,205 1,166 898 64 230 122 108 57 220 55 256 192 34

Missouri .................................. 2,751 2,664 2,137 165 390 218 171 167 542 161 708 389 5 ( )

Montana .................................. 449 411 281 22 31 23 5 ( ) 20 86 17 100 81 35

Nevada ................................... 900 883 720 77 40 22 5 ( ) 44 153 44 349 109 5 ( )

New Jersey ............................. 4,013 3,959 3,189 181 511 215 296 292 769 321 1,112 562 37

New Mexico ............................ 764 735 502 48 40 27 5 ( ) 39 151 30 174 169 25

New York ................................ 8,424 8,254 6,324 354 953 524 429 476 1,534 650 2,349 1,417 91

North Carolina ........................ 3,752 3,644 2,857 221 817 427 390 152 700 195 770 517 87

Ohio ........................................ 5,503 5,392 4,444 241 1,114 735 379 260 1,146 295 1,370 653 88

Oklahoma ............................... 1,591 1,523 1,123 64 213 135 78 92 325 80 321 283 56

Oregon .................................... 1,660 1,586 1,221 84 253 182 70 80 344 82 377 214 63

Pennsylvania .......................... 5,707 5,568 4,556 233 941 550 391 325 1,086 329 1,621 670 104

Rhode Island .......................... 483 475 390 19 86 55 32 16 100 33 136 60 5 ( )

South Carolina ........................ 1,874 1,837 1,424 104 384 175 209 99 371 103 363 315 5 ( )

Tennessee .............................. 2,705 2,635 2,045 134 488 332 156 150 522 143 603 382 5 ( )

Texas ...................................... 9,734 9,329 7,301 578 1,176 673 503 673 1,926 538 2,264 1,322 316

Utah ........................................ 1,043 1,018 795 64 128 89 39 53 220 62 252 158 5 ( )

Washington ............................. 2,931 2,825 2,130 185 400 288 112 155 533 165 687 471 85

West Virginia .......................... 763 746 573 38 92 52 40 47 155 29 184 125 5 ( )

Wyoming ................................. 249 231 161 17 10 5 ( ) 5 ( ) 17 48 9 43 50 16

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 16. States: Employment status of the experienced1 civilian labor force by industry, 1999 annual averages — Continued

Employment status and State Total2

Nonagricultural industries

Agriculture Total3

Private nonagricultural wage and salary workers

Government Total4 Construction

Manufacturing Transportation,

communications,

 and public utilities

Trade

Finance,

insurance,

and real

estate

Services Total Durable

goods

Nondurable

goods

UNEMPLOYED

United States .......................... 5,410 5,105 4,511 520 739 434 305 235 1,422 191 1,371 403 206

Alabama ................................. 90 88 79 11 17 10 7 2 28 1 21 7 5 ( )

Alaska ..................................... 20 19 14 3 1 5 () 1 1 4 6 () 4 5 5 ( )

Arizona ................................... 95 83 69 5 10 7 3 3 25 4 22 9 9

Arkansas ................................. 49 46 41 3 12 6 6 2 14 6 () 9 4 2

California ................................ 791 697 604 67 108 73 35 39 167 31 190 56 73

District of Columbia ................ 17 17 14 2 6 ( ) 5 ( ) 6 () 1 4 1 6 3 5 ( )

Florida ..................................... 261 243 221 21 23 16 7 9 85 14 69 14 11

Georgia ................................... 149 144 128 12 27 14 13 8 42 4 34 12 2

Hawaii ..................................... 29 26 22 5 1 5 () 1 1 6 1 7 3 2

Idaho ....................................... 32 30 25 3 5 2319 6 () 6 3 2

Illinois ...................................... 253 247 222 29 36 23 13 11 71 8 67 17 3

Kentucky ................................. 79 76 66 7 12 8 4 3 21 1 22 8 2

Louisiana ................................ 92 87 79 8 12 4 8 5 27 2 19 4 3

Maine ...................................... 25 24 21 3 3 1217 6 () 6 2 5 ( )

Maryland ................................. 90 86 70 6 10 7 3 2 22 4 25 14 5 ( )

Massachusetts ........................ 100 97 89 9 18 11 7 5 23 4 30 5 5 ( )

Michigan ................................. 184 176 158 20 31 26 6 7 53 5 42 13 6

Mississippi .............................. 54 51 46 8 9 4 6 2 16 2 9 3 3

Missouri .................................. 90 87 79 8 12 5 7 4 20 3 31 7 5 ( )

Montana .................................. 24 22 17 3 1 1 5 () 1 7 6 () 5 3 1

Nevada ................................... 38 36 32 7 2 1 5 ( ) 2 7 1 13 2 5 ( )

New Jersey ............................. 182 176 159 13 28 11 16 11 46 11 49 13 3

New Mexico ............................ 43 39 32 5 3 2 5 ( ) 1 12 1 9 5 2

New York ................................ 421 404 344 37 47 21 26 16 102 22 118 40 8

North Carolina ........................ 111 107 97 10 31 10 21 3 32 3 19 6 3

Ohio ........................................ 225 216 197 25 36 26 10 8 63 6 57 12 5

Oklahoma ............................... 53 49 43 5 8 4 4 2 17 1 10 4 3

Oregon .................................... 98 90 77 6 13 9 5 4 28 3 22 7 6

Pennsylvania .......................... 237 229 205 20 37 20 17 9 62 7 69 16 5

Rhode Island .......................... 19 19 17 1 3 3 1 6 () 6 1 6 1 5 ( )

South Carolina ........................ 83 77 70 7 18 9 9 3 22 2 17 5 5 ( )

Tennessee .............................. 106 102 90 12 18 12 6 3 31 2 25 8 5 ( )

Texas ...................................... 430 413 375 45 38 20 18 25 122 14 125 26 11

Utah ........................................ 38 36 32 5 3 2 1 2 10 1 12 3 5 ( )

Washington ............................. 130 117 104 14 16 13 3 4 33 3 34 8 9

West Virginia .......................... 48 46 41 7 6 4 3 2 10 1 12 4 5 ( )

Wyoming ................................. 12 11 10 2 6 ( ) 5 ( ) 5 () 1 4 6 () 2 1 1

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 16. States: Employment status of the experienced1 civilian labor force by industry, 1999 annual averages — Continued

Employment status and State Total2

Nonagricultural industries

Agriculture Total3

Private nonagricultural wage and salary workers

Government Total4 Construction

Manufacturing Transportation,

communications,

 and public utilities

Trade

Finance,

insurance,

and real

estate

Services Total Durable

goods

Nondurable

goods

UNEMPLOYMENT RATE

United States .......................... 3.9 3.8 4.3 7.0 3.6 3.5 3.9 3.0 5.2 2.3 4.0 2.1 5.9

Alabama ................................. 4.2 4.2 4.7 7.5 3.9 4.0 3.8 2.5 6.2 .5 4.5 2.3 5 ( )

Alaska ..................................... 6.2 6.1 7.0 13.5 9.9 5 ( ) 11.0 4.4 7.1 4.2 6.0 5.8 5 ( )

Arizona ................................... 4.0 3.6 3.8 3.0 3.7 3.4 4.7 2.4 5.0 2.4 3.7 3.0 12.6

Arkansas ................................. 4.0 3.9 4.5 5.2 5.3 4.8 5.9 3.3 5.6 .8 3.7 1.9 5.1

California ................................ 4.8 4.4 5.0 8.2 4.9 5.0 4.6 4.6 5.4 3.3 4.7 2.5 11.8

District of Columbia ................ 6.2 6.2 7.2 20.6 3.6 5 ( ) 2.8 6.7 11.4 4.7 5.4 3.8 5 ( )

Florida ..................................... 3.6 3.4 3.8 4.1 3.8 4.2 3.0 1.9 5.1 2.8 3.4 1.6 5.4

Georgia ................................... 3.6 3.6 4.1 5.5 4.1 4.7 3.7 2.6 5.2 1.9 3.7 2.2 2.2

Hawaii ..................................... 4.9 4.6 5.4 18.1 6.2 5 ( ) 4.6 2.9 4.7 3.6 4.5 2.9 10.5

Idaho ....................................... 5.0 4.9 5.6 8.1 5.1 3.7 6.9 3.6 6.7 .6 5.5 3.4 5.8

Illinois ...................................... 4.0 4.0 4.3 9.6 3.5 3.6 3.2 2.7 5.5 2.0 4.0 2.3 3.6

Kentucky ................................. 4.0 4.0 4.5 5.3 3.8 4.4 3.0 2.3 5.6 .8 5.2 2.9 3.9

Louisiana ................................ 4.5 4.4 5.1 7.1 5.3 4.4 5.9 3.9 6.2 2.7 3.7 1.2 6.7

Maine ...................................... 3.8 3.7 4.3 8.8 3.3 2.4 4.2 2.9 5.3 1.0 3.9 2.1 5 ( )

Maryland ................................. 3.3 3.2 3.6 4.0 4.8 6.5 2.9 1.7 4.6 2.5 3.2 2.2 5 ( )

Massachusetts ........................ 3.1 3.0 3.4 6.4 3.8 3.4 4.5 3.0 3.6 2.0 3.1 1.2 5 ( )

Michigan ................................. 3.6 3.5 3.8 7.8 2.7 2.8 2.3 3.5 4.9 2.0 3.5 2.2 6.5

Mississippi .............................. 4.3 4.2 4.9 11.0 3.9 2.8 5.1 3.3 6.7 2.7 3.2 1.3 7.2

Missouri .................................. 3.2 3.2 3.6 4.8 3.0 2.2 3.9 2.4 3.6 1.8 4.2 1.7 5 ( )

Montana .................................. 5.0 5.1 5.8 12.9 4.0 3.3 5 ( ) 3.6 7.1 .8 4.9 3.6 2.5

Nevada ................................... 4.0 3.9 4.3 8.1 4.2 5.4 5 ( ) 3.4 4.5 3.1 3.7 1.6 5 ( )

New Jersey ............................. 4.3 4.2 4.7 6.7 5.1 5.0 5.2 3.7 5.6 3.4 4.2 2.2 6.8

New Mexico ............................ 5.3 5.0 6.1 10.1 7.5 6.3 5 ( ) 3.1 7.3 3.0 4.8 2.8 9.0

New York ................................ 4.8 4.7 5.2 9.6 4.7 3.9 5.7 3.3 6.2 3.3 4.8 2.8 7.8

North Carolina ........................ 2.9 2.9 3.3 4.2 3.7 2.3 5.1 1.8 4.3 1.5 2.5 1.2 3.1

Ohio ........................................ 3.9 3.9 4.3 9.3 3.2 3.4 2.7 2.8 5.2 2.0 4.0 1.9 5.5

Oklahoma ............................... 3.2 3.1 3.7 6.7 3.5 2.9 4.4 1.9 5.0 1.6 2.9 1.5 4.7

Oregon .................................... 5.6 5.4 5.9 7.0 4.9 4.5 6.1 5.3 7.6 3.5 5.5 3.0 8.4

Pennsylvania .......................... 4.0 3.9 4.3 8.0 3.7 3.5 4.1 2.7 5.4 2.2 4.1 2.3 4.7

Rhode Island .......................... 3.8 3.8 4.2 6.0 3.6 4.4 2.2 3.0 5.3 1.8 4.3 1.7 5 ( )

South Carolina ........................ 4.2 4.0 4.7 5.9 4.4 4.6 4.3 3.4 5.7 2.1 4.5 1.6 5 ( )

Tennessee .............................. 3.7 3.7 4.2 8.0 3.5 3.6 3.5 1.7 5.6 1.3 4.0 2.1 5 ( )

Texas ...................................... 4.2 4.2 4.9 7.2 3.1 2.9 3.4 3.6 5.9 2.6 5.2 1.9 3.3

Utah ........................................ 3.5 3.4 3.8 6.8 2.3 2.5 1.8 2.8 4.1 1.7 4.4 1.9 5 ( )

Washington ............................. 4.3 4.0 4.7 7.0 3.8 4.4 2.2 2.7 5.8 1.9 4.6 1.7 9.8

West Virginia .......................... 5.9 5.8 6.6 14.9 6.5 6.4 6.6 4.2 5.8 4.6 6.0 2.7 5 ( )

Wyoming ................................. 4.6 4.5 5.7 8.9 3.4 5 ( ) 5 ( ) 4.4 7.0 1.8 5.1 1.8 4.8

1 Excludes persons with no previous work experience. 2 Includes private household workers, self-employed and unpaid family workers,

and mining. 3 Includes self-employed and unpaid family workers, and mining, excludes private

household workers. 4 Includes mining, excludes private household workers.

5 Data are not shown when the labor force base does not meet BLS publication

standards of reliability for the particular area, based on the sample in that area. See

appendix B. 6 Less than 500 persons.

 NOTE: Items may not add to totals or compute to displayed percentages because

of rounding. Levels incorporate updated 1990 census-based population controls.
Table 17. States: Percent distribution of employed persons by sex, race, Hispanic origin, and industry, 1999 annual averages

Population group and State

Total employed1 Nonagricultural industries

Agriculture Number

(In thousands)

Percent Total2

Private nonagricultural wage and salary workers

Government Total3 Construction

Manufacturing Transportation,

communications,

 and public

utilities

Trade

Finance,

insurance,

and real

estate

Services4

Total Durable

goods

Nondurable

goods

TOTAL

United States .......................... 133,488 100.0 96.8 76.0 5.2 14.7 9.0 5.7 5.6 19.3 6.0 24.8 14.2 2.5

Alabama ................................. 2,043 100.0 98.3 78.1 6.4 20.0 11.4 8.7 4.1 20.7 4.9 21.6 13.8 1.3

Alaska ..................................... 295 100.0 99.0 62.2 5.5 2.9 5 ( ) 2.0 9.3 17.4 3.6 21.0 25.8 5 ( )

Arizona ................................... 2,260 100.0 96.5 76.4 7.1 10.9 8.3 2.6 5.4 20.2 7.2 25.4 13.5 2.9

Arkansas ................................. 1,167 100.0 96.0 74.7 5.0 18.6 10.5 8.1 5.8 19.4 5.2 20.4 15.3 3.2

California ................................ 15,722 100.0 95.3 72.3 4.8 13.4 8.7 4.6 5.1 18.5 5.7 24.7 14.1 3.5

Colorado ................................. 2,198 100.0 97.5 75.8 5.7 11.2 7.2 4.0 6.5 18.8 6.5 26.7 14.7 2.0

Connecticut ............................. 1,638 100.0 98.2 77.6 3.8 17.5 11.5 5.9 5.9 16.5 8.8 25.0 13.2 .9

Delaware ................................ 375 100.0 97.4 79.1 5.8 14.0 5.0 9.0 6.1 17.8 11.0 24.3 12.8 2.2

District of Columbia ................ 264 100.0 99.0 69.1 2.9 3.0 .6 2.4 5.3 11.6 5.8 40.5 24.6 5 ( )

Florida ..................................... 7,082 100.0 96.5 78.6 7.1 8.2 5.0 3.2 6.8 22.3 7.0 27.2 12.4 2.7

Georgia ................................... 3,925 100.0 97.1 76.7 5.5 15.9 7.2 8.7 7.7 19.3 5.8 22.5 13.6 2.1

Hawaii ..................................... 561 100.0 95.7 69.3 4.2 3.5 .7 2.9 7.1 22.3 6.4 25.8 19.6 3.7

Idaho ....................................... 621 100.0 92.7 68.9 6.0 14.8 8.5 6.3 5.6 20.0 4.3 17.8 15.3 6.4

Illinois ...................................... 6,112 100.0 98.4 81.2 4.5 16.4 10.0 6.4 6.8 20.1 6.6 26.7 11.9 1.2

Indiana .................................... 2,985 100.0 97.7 80.5 4.6 24.9 18.9 5.9 5.1 18.0 5.5 22.1 11.6 2.0

Iowa ........................................ 1,534 100.0 93.2 72.3 4.4 16.5 9.4 7.1 4.9 19.1 5.9 21.2 14.2 6.5

Kansas .................................... 1,392 100.0 95.2 73.2 4.8 14.5 9.0 5.5 6.2 19.0 5.2 23.2 15.1 4.4

Kentucky ................................. 1,882 100.0 96.4 75.9 6.3 16.0 9.6 6.4 6.9 19.3 4.8 21.2 13.9 2.7

Louisiana ................................ 1,948 100.0 96.7 74.3 5.6 10.4 4.1 6.3 5.8 20.6 4.4 25.1 16.2 2.3

Maine ...................................... 644 100.0 97.2 73.1 5.0 15.3 7.7 7.6 3.7 19.5 5.2 24.6 13.2 2.1

Maryland ................................. 2,668 100.0 98.2 69.1 5.6 7.8 4.0 3.8 5.1 17.0 5.9 27.7 22.9 .9

Massachusetts ........................ 3,173 100.0 98.1 78.8 4.0 14.2 9.5 4.7 4.8 19.1 6.6 30.0 12.3 1.5

Michigan ................................. 4,942 100.0 97.6 80.7 4.9 22.9 18.2 4.7 3.9 20.6 4.8 23.4 11.4 1.8

Minnesota ............................... 2,623 100.0 96.0 75.9 4.8 17.0 11.1 6.0 5.1 19.0 6.0 23.9 13.8 3.5

Mississippi .............................. 1,205 100.0 96.7 74.5 5.3 19.1 10.1 9.0 4.7 18.2 4.6 21.2 16.0 2.8

Missouri .................................. 2,751 100.0 96.8 77.7 6.0 14.2 7.9 6.2 6.1 19.7 5.9 25.7 14.1 2.8

Montana .................................. 449 100.0 91.5 62.4 4.8 6.9 5.0 1.9 4.5 19.1 3.7 22.3 18.0 7.8

Nebraska ................................ 885 100.0 90.7 70.4 4.0 11.7 5.9 5.8 4.9 18.5 7.6 23.4 13.9 8.8

Nevada ................................... 900 100.0 98.2 80.0 8.5 4.4 2.5 2.0 4.9 17.0 4.9 38.8 12.1 1.3

New Hampshire ...................... 648 100.0 97.7 77.6 4.9 17.4 13.2 4.2 5.3 19.7 4.8 25.4 11.2 1.8

New Jersey ............................. 4,013 100.0 98.6 79.5 4.5 12.7 5.4 7.4 7.3 19.2 8.0 27.7 14.0 .9

New Mexico ............................ 764 100.0 96.2 65.7 6.3 5.3 3.5 1.7 5.2 19.8 4.0 22.7 22.1 3.3

New York ................................ 8,424 100.0 98.0 75.1 4.2 11.3 6.2 5.1 5.6 18.2 7.7 27.9 16.8 1.1

North Carolina ........................ 3,752 100.0 97.1 76.1 5.9 21.8 11.4 10.4 4.1 18.7 5.2 20.5 13.8 2.3

North Dakota .......................... 325 100.0 89.1 64.1 4.1 6.8 4.4 2.4 4.9 20.5 4.2 22.5 18.4 10.4

Ohio ........................................ 5,503 100.0 98.0 80.7 4.4 20.2 13.4 6.9 4.7 20.8 5.4 24.9 11.9 1.6

Oklahoma ............................... 1,591 100.0 95.8 70.6 4.0 13.4 8.5 4.9 5.8 20.4 5.0 20.1 17.8 3.5

Oregon .................................... 1,660 100.0 95.6 73.5 5.1 15.2 11.0 4.2 4.8 20.7 4.9 22.7 12.9 3.8

Pennsylvania .......................... 5,707 100.0 97.6 79.8 4.1 16.5 9.6 6.8 5.7 19.0 5.8 28.4 11.7 1.8

Rhode Island .......................... 483 100.0 98.4 80.7 3.9 17.9 11.3 6.6 3.3 20.7 6.7 28.3 12.5 1.1

South Carolina ........................ 1,874 100.0 98.0 76.0 5.6 20.5 9.3 11.1 5.3 19.8 5.5 19.3 16.8 1.3

South Dakota .......................... 388 100.0 91.1 68.8 4.5 11.8 7.4 4.4 3.7 20.9 6.1 21.5 15.3 8.5

Tennessee .............................. 2,705 100.0 97.4 75.6 4.9 18.0 12.3 5.8 5.5 19.3 5.3 22.3 14.1 2.3

Texas ...................................... 9,734 100.0 95.8 75.0 5.9 12.1 6.9 5.2 6.9 19.8 5.5 23.3 13.6 3.2

Utah ........................................ 1,043 100.0 97.5 76.2 6.2 12.3 8.5 3.8 5.1 21.1 5.9 24.1 15.1 1.8

Vermont .................................. 326 100.0 97.0 74.6 4.6 15.0 10.3 4.6 3.5 18.7 3.7 28.8 11.6 2.3

Virginia .................................... 3,424 100.0 97.8 75.7 6.1 11.8 6.5 5.3 6.2 17.8 6.5 27.1 17.2 1.5

Washington ............................. 2,931 100.0 96.4 72.7 6.3 13.7 9.8 3.8 5.3 18.2 5.6 23.5 16.1 2.9

West Virginia .......................... 763 100.0 97.7 75.1 5.0 12.1 6.8 5.3 6.2 20.4 3.8 24.2 16.4 1.3

Wisconsin ............................... 2,804 100.0 96.8 77.5 5.0 22.4 13.9 8.6 4.1 18.8 5.7 21.4 13.2 2.9

Wyoming ................................. 249 100.0 92.8 64.7 6.8 4.1 1.8 2.3 6.7 19.3 3.6 17.1 19.9 6.6

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 17. States: Percent distribution of employed persons by sex, race, Hispanic origin, and industry, 1999 annual averages — Continued

Population group and State

Total employed1 Nonagricultural industries

Agriculture Number

(In thousands)

Percent Total2

Private nonagricultural wage and salary workers

Government Total3 Construction

Manufacturing Transportation,

communications,

 and public

utilities

Trade

Finance,

insurance,

and real

estate

Services4

Total Durable

goods

Nondurable

goods

Men

United States .......................... 71,446 100.0 96.5 77.4 8.7 18.7 12.2 6.5 7.5 18.9 4.5 18.4 11.6 3.4

Alabama ................................. 1,088 100.0 98.2 79.9 10.6 26.9 16.6 10.3 5.0 18.9 3.5 14.5 10.3 1.7

Alaska ..................................... 159 100.0 99.4 63.9 9.0 3.1 5 ( ) 1.7 11.0 17.6 2.1 17.0 23.8 5 ( )

Arizona ................................... 1,221 100.0 95.4 77.9 12.2 12.9 10.8 2.1 6.8 20.3 6.1 19.3 10.4 4.4

Arkansas ................................. 622 100.0 94.9 75.7 8.8 21.9 13.1 8.8 8.9 19.1 3.1 13.7 11.8 4.9

California ................................ 8,654 100.0 94.8 74.0 7.9 15.8 11.1 4.8 6.8 18.5 4.3 20.3 11.2 4.9

Colorado ................................. 1,196 100.0 97.6 76.4 9.1 14.4 9.5 5.0 8.0 18.1 4.1 21.9 13.9 2.4

Connecticut ............................. 851 100.0 98.7 77.8 6.5 22.3 15.1 7.1 8.0 17.6 8.0 15.3 11.9 1.2

Delaware ................................ 195 100.0 96.7 79.8 10.0 19.0 7.2 11.8 8.2 16.8 7.0 18.8 10.7 3.3

District of Columbia ................ 130 100.0 99.6 71.5 5.4 3.6 .9 2.7 6.1 13.8 6.5 35.9 23.2 5 ( )

Florida ..................................... 3,804 100.0 96.0 78.9 11.8 10.4 6.9 3.5 8.7 22.1 4.7 21.1 10.7 3.8

Georgia ................................... 2,062 100.0 97.0 78.2 9.3 19.1 9.2 10.0 10.5 18.9 4.6 15.5 10.4 2.9

Hawaii ..................................... 276 100.0 94.3 68.3 7.8 4.5 1.0 3.4 8.7 20.8 4.7 21.8 18.5 5.6

Idaho ....................................... 344 100.0 91.4 70.3 9.7 18.4 11.4 7.0 7.4 17.9 3.3 12.8 13.0 8.5

Illinois ...................................... 3,237 100.0 98.4 82.9 7.9 21.2 13.3 8.0 8.8 19.9 5.2 19.6 9.7 1.6

Indiana .................................... 1,603 100.0 97.1 82.5 7.5 32.6 25.2 7.5 6.8 16.8 3.5 14.8 9.2 2.8

Iowa ........................................ 817 100.0 90.7 72.0 7.6 21.4 12.6 8.7 6.7 19.4 4.3 12.3 11.6 9.2

Kansas .................................... 732 100.0 93.9 75.0 8.0 19.1 12.4 6.7 8.8 18.6 4.1 15.8 11.9 5.9

Kentucky ................................. 1,025 100.0 95.7 76.7 10.2 20.0 12.5 7.6 9.7 16.7 3.5 13.9 10.9 4.2

Louisiana ................................ 1,012 100.0 96.3 75.6 9.8 15.2 6.7 8.5 7.8 18.6 3.2 17.2 12.9 3.4

Maine ...................................... 335 100.0 96.9 73.5 8.4 21.4 12.6 8.8 5.0 19.8 3.4 15.4 10.3 3.0

Maryland ................................. 1,375 100.0 98.5 72.3 10.0 10.0 6.1 3.9 7.3 17.2 4.4 23.4 20.0 1.3

Massachusetts ........................ 1,673 100.0 97.9 79.0 7.0 18.0 12.5 5.5 6.5 19.4 5.0 23.1 10.5 2.0

Michigan ................................. 2,690 100.0 97.5 83.3 8.1 31.0 25.4 5.6 5.0 19.3 3.4 16.5 8.4 2.4

Minnesota ............................... 1,383 100.0 95.2 77.7 8.4 21.3 14.1 7.2 6.1 19.6 4.7 17.3 10.9 4.7

Mississippi .............................. 632 100.0 95.7 75.6 9.1 23.3 13.4 10.0 7.1 16.9 3.3 13.5 12.6 4.2

Missouri .................................. 1,486 100.0 96.3 78.8 9.6 17.9 11.2 6.7 7.3 20.2 5.1 18.3 11.9 3.6

Montana .................................. 240 100.0 89.6 61.6 8.2 9.8 7.5 2.3 6.6 18.9 1.8 14.5 15.8 10.3

Nebraska ................................ 468 100.0 87.0 69.0 7.0 15.7 7.7 8.0 6.9 18.1 5.2 15.7 11.1 12.9

Nevada ................................... 494 100.0 98.1 81.7 13.6 5.5 3.4 2.1 6.2 17.1 3.1 34.0 10.3 1.7

New Hampshire ...................... 344 100.0 97.5 78.5 8.3 22.6 17.5 5.1 7.3 19.5 3.7 16.9 7.8 2.2

New Jersey ............................. 2,158 100.0 98.7 80.5 7.6 14.7 7.0 7.7 10.3 20.2 6.8 20.7 12.1 1.2

New Mexico ............................ 406 100.0 95.1 67.2 11.1 6.4 4.2 2.2 6.9 19.3 2.5 16.8 19.2 4.8

New York ................................ 4,466 100.0 98.3 76.8 7.2 13.1 8.1 5.0 7.8 19.8 7.3 21.5 14.4 1.6

North Carolina ........................ 2,007 100.0 96.7 77.3 9.9 25.8 14.2 11.5 5.7 18.0 3.2 14.6 10.5 3.2

North Dakota .......................... 171 100.0 84.3 61.4 7.3 9.5 6.7 2.8 7.0 20.6 2.5 12.7 15.9 15.6

Ohio ........................................ 2,902 100.0 98.1 81.8 7.3 28.1 19.6 8.4 6.6 18.7 4.1 16.6 10.2 1.9

Oklahoma ............................... 846 100.0 95.3 72.5 6.8 18.1 11.9 6.1 7.9 19.2 3.2 14.5 15.2 4.6

Oregon .................................... 901 100.0 95.3 76.1 8.0 20.2 15.6 4.6 6.0 21.1 2.9 17.8 10.2 4.6

Pennsylvania .......................... 3,014 100.0 97.5 79.0 6.9 21.8 13.8 7.9 8.0 17.6 4.1 20.0 10.7 2.5

Rhode Island .......................... 252 100.0 98.3 82.5 6.4 21.8 14.6 7.2 5.2 21.0 4.8 23.3 10.7 1.5

South Carolina ........................ 984 100.0 98.0 79.1 9.7 25.1 12.2 12.9 7.5 19.2 4.1 13.4 12.0 1.8

South Dakota .......................... 204 100.0 87.5 66.5 7.5 15.2 9.8 5.4 5.1 20.0 4.3 13.9 13.2 12.4

Tennessee .............................. 1,418 100.0 96.9 75.2 8.4 22.9 16.5 6.4 6.8 18.4 3.0 15.3 12.2 3.0

Texas ...................................... 5,345 100.0 95.5 77.3 9.5 15.7 9.6 6.1 8.9 19.1 4.0 17.8 9.8 4.5

Utah ........................................ 573 100.0 97.5 79.2 10.1 16.3 11.9 4.4 6.4 19.2 4.9 19.8 12.3 2.3

Vermont .................................. 170 100.0 96.7 75.5 7.8 19.9 14.6 5.4 4.1 19.1 2.6 21.3 8.4 3.1

Virginia .................................... 1,828 100.0 97.9 77.3 10.1 14.6 8.5 6.0 8.4 17.6 4.8 21.6 15.1 2.1

Washington ............................. 1,566 100.0 96.0 74.7 10.2 19.5 14.5 4.9 7.1 16.0 4.0 17.6 14.0 3.8

West Virginia .......................... 403 100.0 97.8 77.4 8.4 17.0 10.5 6.5 8.8 18.4 2.4 16.4 13.6 1.8

Wisconsin ............................... 1,483 100.0 96.1 78.2 8.6 28.4 17.6 10.8 4.9 18.6 3.2 14.3 10.8 3.8

Wyoming ................................. 133 100.0 91.0 67.8 11.4 6.0 2.8 3.1 9.7 15.8 1.7 11.7 14.9 8.9

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 17. States: Percent distribution of employed persons by sex, race, Hispanic origin, and industry, 1999 annual averages — Continued

Population group and State

Total employed1 Nonagricultural industries

Agriculture Number

(In thousands)

Percent Total2

Private nonagricultural wage and salary workers

Government Total3 Construction

Manufacturing Transportation,

communications,

 and public

utilities

Trade

Finance,

insurance,

and real

estate

Services4

Total Durable

goods

Nondurable

goods

Women

United States .......................... 62,042 100.0 97.2 74.5 1.2 10.1 5.4 4.7 3.5 19.8 7.7 32.2 17.1 1.4

Alabama ................................. 955 100.0 98.4 76.0 1.7 12.2 5.5 6.8 3.1 22.8 6.5 29.7 17.8 .8

Alaska ..................................... 136 100.0 98.6 60.3 1.5 2.7 5 ( ) 2.3 7.4 17.1 5.5 25.6 28.0 5 ( )

Arizona ................................... 1,039 100.0 97.9 74.6 1.1 8.5 5.3 3.2 3.7 20.1 8.5 32.6 17.2 1.0

Arkansas ................................. 546 100.0 97.2 73.5 .8 14.9 7.5 7.4 2.4 19.7 7.6 28.0 19.4 1.3

California ................................ 7,068 100.0 95.9 70.2 .9 10.4 5.9 4.5 3.0 18.5 7.4 30.0 17.7 1.7

Colorado ................................. 1,002 100.0 97.5 75.1 1.6 7.3 4.4 2.9 4.8 19.6 9.3 32.4 15.7 1.5

Connecticut ............................. 787 100.0 97.6 77.3 .8 12.3 7.7 4.6 3.6 15.4 9.7 35.5 14.6 .5

Delaware ................................ 180 100.0 98.3 78.3 1.2 8.7 2.6 6.1 3.8 18.9 15.5 30.2 15.0 1.0

District of Columbia ................ 135 100.0 98.4 66.8 .4 2.4 .2 2.2 4.5 9.5 5.2 44.9 26.0 5 ( )

Florida ..................................... 3,279 100.0 97.0 78.2 1.6 5.7 2.8 2.9 4.5 22.5 9.6 34.2 14.5 1.5

Georgia ................................... 1,863 100.0 97.2 75.0 1.2 12.2 5.0 7.2 4.6 19.7 7.0 30.2 17.1 1.1

Hawaii ..................................... 285 100.0 97.0 70.2 .8 2.6 .3 2.3 5.5 23.7 8.0 29.7 20.6 1.9

Idaho ....................................... 278 100.0 94.2 67.1 1.4 10.2 4.9 5.3 3.2 22.6 5.6 24.0 18.0 3.8

Illinois ...................................... 2,875 100.0 98.5 79.4 .7 10.9 6.3 4.6 4.5 20.2 8.3 34.7 14.5 .7

Indiana .................................... 1,382 100.0 98.5 78.1 1.3 15.9 11.7 4.1 3.1 19.3 7.8 30.7 14.4 1.1

Iowa ........................................ 717 100.0 96.0 72.5 .8 11.0 5.6 5.3 2.9 18.9 7.7 31.3 17.1 3.4

Kansas .................................... 659 100.0 96.6 71.3 1.1 9.5 5.3 4.1 3.4 19.4 6.5 31.3 18.6 2.7

Kentucky ................................. 857 100.0 97.2 74.9 1.7 11.1 6.1 5.0 3.5 22.3 6.4 29.8 17.5 .9

Louisiana ................................ 935 100.0 97.1 72.8 1.1 5.3 1.3 3.9 3.6 22.8 5.7 33.7 19.7 1.2

Maine ...................................... 309 100.0 97.4 72.7 1.2 8.6 2.4 6.2 2.2 19.2 7.1 34.5 16.3 1.1

Maryland ................................. 1,293 100.0 97.9 65.8 .9 5.5 1.7 3.7 2.8 16.9 7.4 32.4 26.1 .4

Massachusetts ........................ 1,500 100.0 98.2 78.5 .7 10.0 6.1 3.8 2.8 18.8 8.5 37.8 14.3 .9

Michigan ................................. 2,252 100.0 97.6 77.6 1.1 13.3 9.5 3.7 2.7 22.3 6.6 31.7 14.9 1.2

Minnesota ............................... 1,240 100.0 96.8 74.0 .7 12.3 7.7 4.7 3.9 18.3 7.4 31.3 17.2 2.1

Mississippi .............................. 573 100.0 97.8 73.4 1.2 14.5 6.6 7.9 2.0 19.6 6.0 29.8 19.7 1.2

Missouri .................................. 1,266 100.0 97.4 76.4 1.8 9.8 4.2 5.6 4.6 19.1 6.7 34.4 16.8 1.8

Montana .................................. 209 100.0 93.6 63.4 1.0 3.6 2.2 1.4 2.1 19.2 5.9 31.3 20.6 4.9

Nebraska ................................ 418 100.0 94.9 71.9 .6 7.1 3.8 3.4 2.7 18.9 10.4 32.1 17.1 4.2

Nevada ................................... 406 100.0 98.3 78.0 2.4 3.1 1.3 1.8 3.3 16.8 7.2 44.8 14.3 .8

New Hampshire ...................... 304 100.0 98.0 76.7 1.1 11.5 8.3 3.3 3.1 19.8 6.2 35.0 15.1 1.2

New Jersey ............................. 1,856 100.0 98.5 78.3 1.0 10.4 3.5 6.9 3.7 17.9 9.4 35.8 16.2 .6

New Mexico ............................ 358 100.0 97.3 63.9 .8 4.0 2.7 1.2 3.2 20.4 5.7 29.5 25.4 1.6

New York ................................ 3,958 100.0 97.6 73.1 .8 9.3 4.1 5.2 3.2 16.4 8.2 35.2 19.5 .5

North Carolina ........................ 1,746 100.0 97.6 74.8 1.2 17.2 8.1 9.1 2.1 19.4 7.5 27.3 17.5 1.3

North Dakota .......................... 155 100.0 94.4 67.1 .7 3.8 1.9 1.9 2.7 20.4 6.0 33.2 21.1 4.7

Ohio ........................................ 2,602 100.0 97.9 79.6 1.1 11.5 6.4 5.2 2.7 23.2 6.8 34.2 13.7 1.3

Oklahoma ............................... 745 100.0 96.2 68.5 .9 8.0 4.5 3.5 3.4 21.8 7.0 26.5 20.8 2.2

Oregon .................................... 759 100.0 95.9 70.5 1.6 9.3 5.4 3.8 3.4 20.2 7.3 28.6 16.1 2.7

Pennsylvania .......................... 2,692 100.0 97.7 80.7 .9 10.6 5.0 5.6 3.1 20.7 7.7 37.8 12.9 1.1

Rhode Island .......................... 231 100.0 98.4 78.8 1.1 13.6 7.7 5.8 1.2 20.4 8.9 33.7 14.4 .6

South Carolina ........................ 890 100.0 98.1 72.5 1.0 15.3 6.2 9.1 2.8 20.5 7.0 25.9 22.2 .8

South Dakota .......................... 185 100.0 95.1 71.3 1.1 8.0 4.9 3.2 2.1 21.9 8.2 29.9 17.6 4.3

Tennessee .............................. 1,287 100.0 97.9 76.0 1.1 12.7 7.6 5.0 4.1 20.3 7.8 30.0 16.3 1.6

Texas ...................................... 4,389 100.0 96.3 72.2 1.6 7.6 3.7 4.0 4.5 20.6 7.3 29.9 18.2 1.8

Utah ........................................ 471 100.0 97.7 72.5 1.4 7.5 4.4 3.1 3.6 23.5 7.1 29.4 18.5 1.2

Vermont .................................. 156 100.0 97.3 73.6 1.0 9.5 5.7 3.8 2.8 18.3 4.9 37.0 15.0 1.5

Virginia .................................... 1,596 100.0 97.7 73.8 1.6 8.5 4.2 4.3 3.7 18.1 8.4 33.5 19.7 .8

Washington ............................. 1,364 100.0 96.8 70.4 1.9 7.0 4.4 2.5 3.2 20.7 7.4 30.2 18.4 1.8

West Virginia .......................... 360 100.0 97.6 72.5 1.2 6.5 2.6 3.9 3.3 22.6 5.4 32.9 19.6 .7

Wisconsin ............................... 1,321 100.0 97.5 76.8 .9 15.7 9.7 6.1 3.1 19.1 8.6 29.3 16.0 2.0

Wyoming ................................. 116 100.0 94.9 61.1 1.6 1.9 .7 1.3 3.3 23.4 5.7 23.3 25.7 3.8

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 17. States: Percent distribution of employed persons by sex, race, Hispanic origin, and industry, 1999 annual averages — Continued

Population group and State

Total employed1 Nonagricultural industries

Agriculture Number

(In thousands)

Percent Total2

Private nonagricultural wage and salary workers

Government Total3 Construction

Manufacturing Transportation,

communications,

 and public

utilities

Trade

Finance,

insurance,

and real

estate

Services4

Total Durable

goods

Nondurable

goods

White

United States .......................... 112,235 100.0 96.6 76.0 5.6 14.7 9.1 5.6 5.5 19.6 6.0 24.2 13.5 2.7

Alabama ................................. 1,535 100.0 98.3 79.0 7.2 19.3 11.0 8.3 4.5 20.5 5.4 21.8 12.0 1.4

Alaska ..................................... 237 100.0 99.0 64.1 6.1 3.0 5 ( ) 2.0 9.7 17.4 3.9 21.3 22.9 5 ( )

Arizona ................................... 2,072 100.0 96.3 76.9 7.7 10.5 8.0 2.5 5.4 20.5 7.0 25.7 12.6 3.0

Arkansas ................................. 971 100.0 95.7 74.9 5.4 17.6 10.6 6.9 6.1 19.6 5.9 20.2 14.2 3.6

California ................................ 12,717 100.0 94.6 72.2 5.5 13.2 8.5 4.7 5.0 19.0 5.5 23.7 13.3 4.1

Colorado ................................. 2,066 100.0 97.4 75.6 5.8 11.1 7.0 4.2 6.4 18.6 6.6 26.7 14.6 2.1

Connecticut ............................. 1,433 100.0 98.1 77.1 3.7 17.3 11.5 5.8 5.9 16.8 8.9 24.4 13.0 1.0

Delaware ................................ 288 100.0 97.2 78.9 6.2 13.8 5.0 8.8 5.8 19.4 9.9 23.8 11.8 2.4

District of Columbia ................ 115 100.0 99.2 71.6 2.2 4.0 .5 3.4 3.9 8.9 6.0 46.6 20.3 5 ( )

Florida ..................................... 5,919 100.0 96.4 78.9 7.7 8.3 5.0 3.3 6.6 22.5 7.2 26.5 11.8 2.9

Georgia ................................... 2,670 100.0 96.9 76.8 6.7 15.0 6.5 8.5 6.8 18.8 6.9 22.4 12.3 2.6

Hawaii ..................................... 138 100.0 93.5 65.0 4.1 2.7 .6 2.1 7.3 20.1 5.6 25.2 16.9 5.6

Idaho ....................................... 606 100.0 92.5 68.9 6.0 14.5 8.4 6.1 5.6 20.0 4.4 17.9 15.1 6.5

Illinois ...................................... 5,144 100.0 98.2 81.8 5.2 17.0 10.3 6.6 6.3 20.8 6.7 25.7 11.1 1.3

Indiana .................................... 2,755 100.0 97.5 80.0 4.9 25.1 19.1 6.0 5.0 18.0 5.4 21.3 11.6 2.2

Iowa ........................................ 1,483 100.0 92.9 72.0 4.5 16.8 9.6 7.2 4.8 19.1 5.8 20.8 14.0 6.7

Kansas .................................... 1,264 100.0 94.7 72.8 4.9 14.0 8.7 5.3 6.2 18.8 5.4 23.1 14.7 4.8

Kentucky ................................. 1,719 100.0 96.2 75.6 6.5 15.5 9.3 6.3 6.9 19.2 4.9 21.0 13.8 2.9

Louisiana ................................ 1,339 100.0 96.9 75.4 6.3 10.1 4.6 5.5 5.4 21.1 5.2 24.3 14.2 2.4

Maine ...................................... 635 100.0 97.2 73.2 5.0 15.2 7.7 7.5 3.7 19.4 5.2 24.7 13.2 2.1

Maryland ................................. 1,825 100.0 98.1 70.7 7.2 8.1 4.7 3.4 4.9 17.6 6.1 26.8 20.1 1.3

Massachusetts ........................ 2,927 100.0 98.0 78.2 4.2 13.9 9.2 4.7 4.8 19.2 6.6 29.4 12.4 1.6

Michigan ................................. 4,235 100.0 97.3 80.5 5.3 22.7 17.8 4.9 3.9 21.1 4.9 22.5 10.9 2.0

Minnesota ............................... 2,484 100.0 95.9 75.8 4.9 16.6 10.7 5.9 5.0 19.1 5.9 24.0 13.8 3.6

Mississippi .............................. 806 100.0 96.6 73.3 6.2 14.9 7.9 7.0 4.9 18.0 5.0 22.7 15.5 3.2

Missouri .................................. 2,478 100.0 96.5 77.6 6.6 14.5 8.3 6.2 6.3 20.0 5.8 24.2 13.7 3.1

Montana .................................. 424 100.0 91.3 63.3 5.0 6.6 4.7 1.9 4.6 19.5 3.8 22.7 16.8 8.0

Nebraska ................................ 836 100.0 90.2 69.5 4.0 11.0 5.5 5.5 5.0 18.6 7.8 22.9 14.1 9.3

Nevada ................................... 786 100.0 97.9 79.0 8.7 4.4 2.5 1.9 4.8 17.3 5.0 37.4 12.4 1.5

New Hampshire ...................... 633 100.0 97.7 77.6 4.9 17.2 13.0 4.2 5.4 19.8 5.0 25.3 11.3 1.8

New Jersey ............................. 3,269 100.0 98.5 79.1 5.1 12.9 5.5 7.4 6.9 19.6 8.2 26.4 13.6 1.1

New Mexico ............................ 674 100.0 95.8 66.4 6.0 5.2 3.4 1.8 5.1 19.9 4.2 23.3 20.6 3.6

New York ................................ 6,693 100.0 97.9 74.6 4.5 11.9 6.9 5.0 5.6 18.7 7.8 26.0 16.8 1.3

North Carolina ........................ 2,802 100.0 96.9 75.4 6.6 20.1 10.8 9.3 4.1 18.7 5.5 20.3 13.2 2.6

North Dakota .......................... 313 100.0 88.7 64.4 4.1 6.9 4.5 2.5 4.9 20.8 4.3 22.2 17.6 10.8

Ohio ........................................ 4,851 100.0 97.8 80.6 4.8 20.8 13.6 7.1 4.6 21.2 5.2 23.7 11.7 1.8

Oklahoma ............................... 1,356 100.0 95.4 70.2 4.0 12.5 8.2 4.3 6.0 20.0 5.5 20.3 18.0 3.9

Oregon .................................... 1,548 100.0 95.6 73.1 5.3 14.7 10.6 4.1 4.6 20.4 4.9 23.0 13.2 3.7

Pennsylvania .......................... 5,137 100.0 97.5 79.9 4.4 17.0 9.9 7.0 5.8 19.4 5.7 27.3 11.4 2.0

Rhode Island .......................... 447 100.0 98.4 80.4 4.0 17.5 11.0 6.5 3.5 20.8 6.6 28.1 12.4 1.0

South Carolina ........................ 1,414 100.0 98.4 77.1 5.4 19.7 9.0 10.7 5.1 20.5 5.9 20.4 15.1 1.4

South Dakota .......................... 368 100.0 90.9 69.3 4.5 11.7 7.4 4.2 3.7 21.3 6.4 21.4 14.4 8.7

Tennessee .............................. 2,256 100.0 97.0 75.6 5.3 18.3 12.2 6.1 4.7 19.5 5.2 22.3 13.1 2.6

Texas ...................................... 8,286 100.0 95.4 74.6 6.5 12.1 6.9 5.2 6.5 20.1 5.5 22.4 13.1 3.6

Utah ........................................ 1,003 100.0 97.5 75.8 6.1 12.3 8.5 3.8 5.1 20.8 5.9 24.1 15.3 1.8

Vermont .................................. 322 100.0 97.0 74.6 4.6 14.7 10.1 4.6 3.5 18.7 3.7 28.8 11.4 2.4

Virginia .................................... 2,619 100.0 97.6 75.9 6.9 11.2 6.3 5.0 6.2 17.7 6.4 27.4 16.1 1.9

Washington ............................. 2,656 100.0 96.2 72.1 6.4 13.7 9.9 3.8 5.2 17.9 5.3 23.3 16.4 3.1

West Virginia .......................... 732 100.0 97.7 75.1 5.1 12.3 6.8 5.5 6.5 20.2 3.7 23.7 16.6 1.3

Wisconsin ............................... 2,602 100.0 96.6 78.3 5.2 23.0 14.2 8.8 4.0 19.2 5.8 21.1 12.0 3.1

Wyoming ................................. 240 100.0 92.9 64.8 7.0 4.2 1.9 2.3 6.8 19.2 3.6 17.0 19.9 6.5

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 17. States: Percent distribution of employed persons by sex, race, Hispanic origin, and industry, 1999 annual averages — Continued

Population group and State

Total employed1 Nonagricultural industries

Agriculture Number

(In thousands)

Percent Total2

Private nonagricultural wage and salary workers

Government Total3 Construction

Manufacturing Transportation,

communications,

 and public

utilities

Trade

Finance,

insurance,

and real

estate

Services4

Total Durable

goods

Nondurable

goods

Black

United States .......................... 15,056 100.0 98.2 75.3 2.8 14.0 7.8 6.2 7.2 17.1 5.7 28.2 19.5 .8

Alabama ................................. 482 100.0 98.0 75.2 4.3 22.4 12.8 9.6 2.8 20.9 3.8 21.0 19.9 1.1

Alaska ..................................... 10 100.0 98.6 69.3 4.0 6 ( ) 5 ( ) 6 ( ) 13.2 22.5 3.3 26.3 26.0 5 ( )

Arizona ................................... 93 100.0 100.0 78.1 .8 10.6 8.1 2.5 7.4 21.0 13.9 24.4 18.5 6 ( )

Arkansas ................................. 177 100.0 97.5 73.1 3.3 23.2 8.4 14.8 4.8 17.4 2.1 22.1 22.0 1.4

California ................................ 967 100.0 98.8 65.3 1.4 7.9 5.6 2.3 8.0 13.2 6.3 28.5 27.7 .3

Colorado ................................. 62 100.0 99.1 75.8 4.5 7.6 7.2 .4 12.0 21.0 4.7 26.0 20.1 6 ( )

Connecticut ............................. 164 100.0 98.9 80.5 5.3 14.0 8.0 6.1 6.9 15.0 7.3 32.0 15.9 6 ( )

Delaware ................................ 79 100.0 98.3 79.4 4.5 14.6 4.8 9.8 7.5 12.2 14.7 25.9 16.5 1.7

District of Columbia ................ 142 100.0 99.1 67.0 3.5 2.3 .6 1.7 6.5 13.2 5.7 35.8 28.4 5 ( )

Florida ..................................... 990 100.0 97.0 76.9 4.0 7.8 4.6 3.1 8.0 19.8 6.2 31.0 16.9 1.5

Georgia ................................... 1,177 100.0 97.4 76.5 3.0 17.8 8.6 9.1 10.0 19.7 3.4 22.5 16.7 .9

Hawaii ..................................... 6 100.0 100.0 54.8 6.8 3.3 6 ( ) 3.3 13.9 20.8 6 ( ) 10.0 21.1 6 ( )

Illinois ...................................... 749 100.0 99.3 76.7 1.5 12.8 7.8 5.1 10.0 14.4 6.2 31.8 19.5 .2

Indiana .................................... 194 100.0 100.0 84.4 1.0 21.6 16.6 5.0 6.6 16.4 6.0 32.7 12.1 6 ( )

Iowa ........................................ 24 100.0 99.5 87.1 6 ( ) 5.0 2.3 2.7 10.0 21.4 12.4 38.3 12.4 .5

Kansas .................................... 83 100.0 99.7 75.4 3.1 19.6 12.5 7.1 8.8 15.8 3.7 24.3 21.2 .2

Kentucky ................................. 150 100.0 97.6 78.0 4.1 20.8 12.9 7.9 7.2 17.9 4.9 22.3 15.3 .4

Louisiana ................................ 569 100.0 96.4 72.1 4.1 11.7 3.1 8.6 6.5 18.6 2.5 27.7 21.1 2.2

Maine ...................................... 3 100.0 93.6 60.3 2.5 9.8 7.5 2.3 6 ( ) 28.4 6 ( ) 19.6 24.6 6 ( )

Maryland ................................. 742 100.0 98.6 65.5 1.8 6.9 2.0 4.9 6.1 15.9 5.6 29.1 30.1 .1

Massachusetts ........................ 157 100.0 99.4 85.3 1.1 14.9 9.5 5.5 6.2 17.0 6.0 40.1 12.5 .2

Michigan ................................. 583 100.0 98.8 80.8 2.3 23.7 20.3 3.4 4.4 17.1 4.9 28.3 15.6 1.1

Minnesota ............................... 62 100.0 99.4 76.7 .9 13.9 9.9 4.0 9.0 19.5 9.5 23.9 18.0 6 ( )

Mississippi .............................. 389 100.0 96.8 77.6 3.6 28.2 14.9 13.3 4.4 19.0 3.6 17.8 16.6 2.1

Missouri .................................. 233 100.0 99.6 77.8 6 ( ) 10.5 4.2 6.3 4.2 19.0 6.0 38.1 19.4 .2

Nebraska ................................ 31 100.0 98.8 82.8 3.4 23.8 12.9 10.9 2.3 13.4 5.6 34.3 12.1 1.0

Nevada ................................... 50 100.0 99.3 84.0 4.3 4.2 1.1 3.1 7.2 14.4 3.9 49.1 12.2 .7

New Hampshire ...................... 8 100.0 97.5 71.5 7.1 19.9 17.7 2.3 2.1 10.5 6 ( ) 31.8 6.8 6 ( )

New Jersey ............................. 537 100.0 99.1 78.5 2.3 11.0 3.9 7.1 10.5 17.4 7.4 30.0 18.9 .2

New Mexico ............................ 15 100.0 100.0 76.3 1.4 4.5 3.8 .6 18.0 20.5 5.5 26.4 19.6 6 ( )

New York ................................ 1,235 100.0 98.0 74.1 3.0 7.0 3.2 3.8 5.9 13.2 7.2 37.7 20.2 .4

North Carolina ........................ 816 100.0 97.8 78.6 3.0 26.2 12.8 13.4 4.4 18.7 4.9 21.4 15.5 1.5

Ohio ........................................ 574 100.0 99.4 81.6 1.6 16.2 10.7 5.5 6.5 17.7 6.6 33.2 13.8 .2

Oklahoma ............................... 111 100.0 97.1 72.0 4.1 13.9 8.0 5.9 3.2 25.1 2.4 22.6 20.4 1.0

Oregon .................................... 26 100.0 93.4 64.8 3.3 10.5 10.5 6 ( ) 9.6 15.8 9.4 16.1 8.3 6.6

Pennsylvania .......................... 452 100.0 98.3 78.5 1.4 10.5 6.3 4.1 5.6 16.2 6.6 38.3 17.5 .3

Rhode Island .......................... 21 100.0 100.0 81.6 1.9 14.9 10.5 4.4 .7 17.2 12.4 34.4 17.0 6 ( )

South Carolina ........................ 441 100.0 96.7 72.5 6.0 23.5 10.8 12.7 5.8 17.3 4.4 15.5 22.0 1.2

South Dakota .......................... 4 100.0 100.0 83.5 6 ( ) 29.8 18.8 11.1 3.5 14.8 1.5 33.9 16.5 6 ( )

Tennessee .............................. 424 100.0 99.3 75.9 2.8 16.4 12.4 3.9 10.3 18.0 5.8 22.6 19.7 .7

Texas ...................................... 1,099 100.0 98.0 74.9 2.7 9.3 4.9 4.4 10.6 17.3 6.4 28.1 18.6 1.1

Utah ........................................ 8 100.0 100.0 92.0 5.0 7.5 3.8 3.7 14.9 34.7 5.0 24.9 8.0 6 ( )

Virginia .................................... 664 100.0 98.7 73.9 3.7 14.9 8.1 6.8 7.1 16.0 7.3 24.9 22.6 .4

Washington ............................. 77 100.0 99.0 75.4 4.7 8.7 7.6 1.1 10.8 17.1 7.6 26.4 22.2 1.0

West Virginia .......................... 24 100.0 98.9 75.8 2.3 7.0 7.0 6 ( ) 1.0 20.8 4.2 40.4 14.0 .7

Wisconsin ............................... 131 100.0 100.0 72.1 2.5 12.4 8.6 3.8 7.2 13.1 6.2 30.7 23.4 6 ( )

Wyoming ................................. 3 100.0 100.0 60.2 2.8 6 ( ) 6 ( ) 6 ( ) 1.0 19.2 6.0 25.2 39.8 6 ( )

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 17. States: Percent distribution of employed persons by sex, race, Hispanic origin, and industry, 1999 annual averages — Continued

Population group and State

Total employed1 Nonagricultural industries

Agriculture Number

(In thousands)

Percent Total2

Private nonagricultural wage and salary workers

Government Total3 Construction

Manufacturing Transportation,

communications,

 and public

utilities

Trade

Finance,

insurance,

and real

estate

Services4

Total Durable

goods

Nondurable

goods

Hispanic origin

United States .......................... 13,720 100.0 92.8 77.6 7.7 16.2 8.5 7.8 5.3 22.0 4.4 21.5 10.4 5.4

Alabama ................................. 17 100.0 100.0 83.3 21.9 28.7 17.5 11.3 6 ( ) 16.1 1.1 15.5 8.3 6 ( )

Alaska ..................................... 8 100.0 97.6 74.9 3.9 5.3 5 ( ) 5.3 6.0 23.1 1.6 34.9 19.7 5 ( )

Arizona ................................... 564 100.0 91.0 75.1 11.1 10.5 7.2 3.4 4.6 24.2 5.5 19.1 11.9 8.1

Arkansas ................................. 29 100.0 95.0 85.3 7.1 42.6 9.4 33.1 4.9 22.6 1.3 6.9 8.3 4.4

California ................................ 4,244 100.0 88.5 73.3 6.3 17.4 9.7 7.7 5.2 21.2 3.4 19.6 10.1 8.7

Colorado ................................. 282 100.0 96.3 77.8 8.6 17.0 8.7 8.2 6.4 19.8 5.0 20.4 13.5 2.6

Connecticut ............................. 125 100.0 97.2 80.4 5.8 25.2 15.2 10.0 3.1 22.3 6.1 17.7 12.3 6 ( )

Delaware ................................ 16 100.0 93.6 86.8 5.4 21.0 3.7 17.3 3.7 26.4 11.3 19.0 3.0 6.4

District of Columbia ................ 20 100.0 96.8 84.9 8.2 1.2 6 ( ) 1.2 5.0 26.1 4.8 39.6 8.6 5 ( )

Florida ..................................... 1,274 100.0 93.7 80.7 8.8 10.0 5.7 4.3 8.4 23.3 6.0 24.2 7.5 4.7

Georgia ................................... 127 100.0 95.8 86.6 17.6 27.8 10.9 16.9 4.9 13.4 4.0 18.8 5.9 3.3

Hawaii ..................................... 19 100.0 95.1 67.1 6.7 .9 .4 .5 4.8 26.8 3.1 24.7 23.8 4.2

Idaho ....................................... 53 100.0 76.7 61.9 4.1 25.4 7.6 17.8 3.9 17.0 1.6 9.9 9.0 22.2

Illinois ...................................... 568 100.0 97.0 88.1 5.8 29.4 18.7 10.7 5.4 21.8 5.2 20.6 6.5 2.7

Indiana .................................... 55 100.0 100.0 89.3 9.1 33.0 26.8 6.2 6 ( ) 26.2 5.1 15.9 10.1 6 ( )

Iowa ........................................ 45 100.0 98.1 91.5 1.9 53.1 7.1 45.9 4.1 17.6 1.9 12.9 4.8 1.9

Kansas .................................... 50 100.0 98.8 85.5 16.7 16.4 8.5 7.9 6.7 18.5 4.9 22.2 7.2 .6

Kentucky ................................. 28 100.0 80.8 61.3 4.7 12.0 5.2 6.8 4.2 19.3 6 ( ) 21.1 14.9 18.6

Louisiana ................................ 39 100.0 97.4 83.5 10.5 9.1 8.5 .6 1.4 30.9 4.7 26.9 9.5 1.7

Maine ...................................... 3 100.0 100.0 79.0 6 ( ) 22.0 9.8 12.2 6 ( ) 11.3 6 ( ) 45.8 18.8 6 ( )

Maryland ................................. 110 100.0 93.3 74.1 7.5 7.0 3.5 3.4 4.3 24.5 6.7 24.2 13.4 1.5

Massachusetts ........................ 164 100.0 96.5 86.4 2.2 19.5 12.5 7.1 6.2 18.5 2.5 37.4 7.1 1.7

Michigan ................................. 127 100.0 95.5 84.9 5.0 20.2 15.7 4.6 4.1 33.5 5.3 16.7 7.6 4.5

Minnesota ............................... 46 100.0 96.0 87.2 6 ( ) 22.2 11.3 10.9 2.5 24.2 12.7 25.6 5.9 1.8

Mississippi .............................. 14 100.0 90.8 85.2 5.2 49.0 2.0 47.0 2.1 11.2 6 ( ) 17.6 5.5 9.2

Missouri .................................. 39 100.0 95.3 73.0 2.7 29.7 10.2 19.5 6 ( ) 17.6 6 ( ) 23.0 22.3 3.9

Montana .................................. 8 100.0 89.9 70.2 3.3 6.5 6.0 .6 4.0 19.9 10.1 21.6 17.5 6.2

Nebraska ................................ 39 100.0 97.3 83.8 2.1 38.4 2.6 35.9 2.3 15.3 8.1 17.5 9.9 2.4

Nevada ................................... 161 100.0 95.7 88.7 14.2 5.3 3.5 1.8 2.9 17.0 3.4 44.7 4.0 3.3

New Hampshire ...................... 9 100.0 96.3 80.9 1.6 21.6 14.8 6.8 4.2 14.0 3.6 36.0 2.0 1.1

New Jersey ............................. 476 100.0 98.3 83.0 5.5 20.8 7.6 13.2 7.8 21.1 4.4 23.0 11.9 1.1

New Mexico ............................ 274 100.0 95.3 68.4 8.5 5.8 3.7 2.1 4.3 23.1 3.4 20.2 21.7 3.9

New York ................................ 1,058 100.0 96.5 82.1 4.8 11.9 4.2 7.8 6.0 23.7 7.2 28.4 9.7 .8

North Carolina ........................ 106 100.0 91.2 85.7 13.2 40.2 16.6 23.6 3.2 12.5 1.5 15.0 2.4 8.6

Ohio ........................................ 74 100.0 99.0 86.4 9.5 33.5 20.0 13.6 1.6 21.3 1.4 19.1 5.8 1.0

Oklahoma ............................... 50 100.0 95.4 83.0 10.7 17.0 12.6 4.3 3.8 27.3 2.4 20.6 10.3 3.9

Oregon .................................... 93 100.0 78.3 63.9 2.3 21.4 13.1 8.3 1.3 17.4 2.5 19.1 9.2 20.8

Pennsylvania .......................... 103 100.0 94.0 81.4 2.5 28.0 9.8 18.2 2.4 21.1 3.9 23.4 9.2 5.8

Rhode Island .......................... 19 100.0 93.8 86.8 .9 28.7 11.5 17.2 2.9 14.8 4.9 34.7 1.3 5.1

South Carolina ........................ 19 100.0 100.0 78.5 14.7 37.7 16.7 21.0 6 ( ) 11.8 4.6 9.6 3.7 6 ( )

South Dakota .......................... 4 100.0 100.0 87.4 .9 21.8 2.2 19.6 6 ( ) 34.4 4.1 26.2 3.0 6 ( )

Tennessee .............................. 25 100.0 88.4 86.5 5.9 14.2 12.1 2.1 12.4 20.8 9.2 24.1 1.9 11.6

Texas ...................................... 2,754 100.0 94.5 76.1 9.7 13.2 6.6 6.5 5.1 22.9 4.1 19.8 12.7 3.7

Utah ........................................ 62 100.0 97.8 86.6 14.1 23.9 18.1 5.8 2.7 23.3 3.0 19.1 6.1 1.4

Vermont .................................. 2 100.0 100.0 70.7 6 ( ) 2.8 2.8 6 ( ) 6 ( ) 33.5 7.5 26.9 8.7 6 ( )

Virginia .................................... 107 100.0 96.6 84.2 15.2 5.2 1.6 3.6 4.2 26.5 3.1 30.0 10.0 .2

Washington ............................. 118 100.0 85.0 66.8 9.9 11.7 5.5 6.2 3.0 17.0 3.7 21.4 15.5 15.0

Wisconsin ............................... 46 100.0 97.4 94.0 4.5 46.5 17.4 29.1 .6 19.7 1.4 21.2 3.5 2.6

Wyoming ................................. 10 100.0 88.9 74.7 10.2 4.5 2.0 2.4 7.9 24.6 3.0 13.9 9.6 9.0

1 Includes private household workers, self-employed and unpaid family workers, and mining. 2 Includes self-employed and unpaid family workers, and mining. Excludes private household

workers. 3 Includes mining. 4 Excludes private household workers. 5 Data are not shown when the labor force base does not meet BLS publication standards of

reliability for the particular area, based on the sample in that area. See appendix B. 6 Less than 500 persons employed or less than 0.05 percent of total employed.

 NOTE: Items may not add to totals or compute to displayed percentages because of rounding. 

Detail for race and Hispanic-origin groups will not add to totals because data for the "other races"

group are not presented and Hispanics are included in both the white and black population groups. 

Levels incorporate updated 1990 census-based population controls.
Table 18. States: Employed persons by class of worker, 1999 annual averages

(In thousands)

State Total

Agricultural industries Nonagricultural industries

Total1 Wage and

salary

Selfemployed Total1

Wage and salary workers

Selfemployed TotalPrivate Government

Total Private

household Total Federal State andlocal

United States ................ 133,488 3,281 1,944 1,297 130,207 121,323 102,420 933 18,903 3,243 15,659 8,790

Alabama ....................... 2,043 26 12 14 2,017 1,886 1,604 9 282 58 224 129

Alaska ........................... 295 1 1 1 294 261 185 1 76 19 57 32

Arizona ......................... 2,260 65 54 10 2,195 2,045 1,739 13 306 59 247 150

Arkansas ....................... 1,167 38 19 19 1,130 1,060 881 9 179 28 151 70

California ...................... 15,722 545 420 124 15,176 13,777 11,556 192 2,222 344 1,877 1,383

Colorado ....................... 2,198 44 27 17 2,154 1,999 1,676 10 323 54 269 154

Connecticut ................... 1,638 14 10 4 1,624 1,502 1,286 15 216 26 190 121

Delaware ...................... 375 8 6 2 367 346 298 1 48 8 40 21

District of Columbia ...... 264 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 264 250 185 2 65 46 19 14

Florida ........................... 7,082 193 148 43 6,890 6,500 5,619 55 881 136 745 387

Georgia ......................... 3,925 82 55 26 3,844 3,575 3,042 31 533 93 440 262

Hawaii ........................... 561 21 10 10 541 502 392 3 110 32 78 38

Idaho ............................. 621 40 23 16 582 529 434 6 95 15 80 52

Illinois ............................ 6,112 70 44 27 6,041 5,720 4,990 25 729 113 616 319

Indiana .......................... 2,985 60 41 19 2,924 2,756 2,409 7 347 37 309 167

Iowa .............................. 1,534 100 36 61 1,434 1,331 1,114 5 217 24 193 103

Kansas .......................... 1,392 61 21 39 1,330 1,235 1,025 6 210 31 179 95

Kentucky ....................... 1,882 51 25 24 1,831 1,708 1,446 18 262 48 214 122

Louisiana ...................... 1,948 45 24 20 1,902 1,780 1,466 19 315 51 263 121

Maine ............................ 644 13 8 5 631 561 476 5 85 15 70 69

Maryland ....................... 2,668 24 18 6 2,644 2,480 1,868 23 612 283 330 162

Massachusetts .............. 3,173 47 38 9 3,126 2,904 2,513 14 391 63 329 217

Michigan ....................... 4,942 90 53 36 4,852 4,581 4,019 30 563 66 496 267

Minnesota ..................... 2,623 92 28 63 2,531 2,368 2,005 13 363 39 325 162

Mississippi .................... 1,205 34 17 16 1,172 1,096 904 6 192 30 163 74

Missouri ........................ 2,751 77 30 46 2,675 2,536 2,147 11 389 61 328 138

Montana ........................ 449 35 18 16 414 365 284 3 81 14 67 49

Nebraska ...................... 885 78 29 47 807 750 627 4 123 24 99 56

Nevada ......................... 900 12 9 3 888 833 724 4 109 19 91 54

New Hampshire ............ 648 11 6 4 636 579 506 4 73 12 60 56

New Jersey ................... 4,013 37 31 6 3,976 3,768 3,206 17 562 87 476 205

New Mexico .................. 764 25 16 8 739 675 506 4 169 42 126 63

New York ...................... 8,424 91 53 36 8,333 7,819 6,402 78 1,417 154 1,262 510

North Carolina .............. 3,752 87 63 24 3,665 3,395 2,878 21 517 59 458 266

North Dakota ................ 325 34 8 25 291 270 210 2 60 11 49 21

Ohio .............................. 5,503 88 49 37 5,416 5,120 4,467 23 653 91 562 295

Oklahoma ..................... 1,591 56 19 35 1,535 1,418 1,135 12 283 61 222 115

Oregon .......................... 1,660 63 39 23 1,598 1,446 1,232 11 214 34 180 151

Pennsylvania ................ 5,707 104 48 53 5,603 5,260 4,590 34 670 119 552 336

Rhode Island ................ 483 5 3 2 478 453 392 3 60 11 49 25

South Carolina .............. 1,874 25 16 9 1,849 1,751 1,436 12 315 38 277 98

South Dakota ................ 388 33 11 22 355 328 268 1 59 12 47 27

Tennessee .................... 2,705 62 20 42 2,643 2,436 2,053 8 382 69 313 206

Texas ............................ 9,734 316 181 132 9,418 8,713 7,391 90 1,322 188 1,134 694

Utah .............................. 1,043 19 11 7 1,025 959 801 7 158 31 127 64

Vermont ........................ 326 8 4 4 318 283 245 2 38 7 31 35

Virginia .......................... 3,424 52 29 23 3,372 3,205 2,614 23 591 258 333 167

Washington ................... 2,931 85 52 32 2,846 2,622 2,151 20 471 63 409 223

West Virginia ................ 763 10 6 4 753 706 581 8 125 25 100 47

Wisconsin ..................... 2,804 83 41 39 2,721 2,553 2,182 8 371 25 346 167

Wyoming ....................... 249 16 9 7 233 212 163 2 50 8 41 20

1 Includes unpaid family workers. 2 Less than 500 persons.

 NOTE: Levels incorporate updated 1990 census-based population controls. 

Because of separate processing and weighting procedures, totals for the United

States differ from the results obtained by aggregating the totals for States.
Table 19. States: Persons at work by sex, age, race, and Hispanic origin, 1999 annual averages

(Numbers in thousands)

Population group and State Total at work

Hours of work Average hours

1 to 14

hours

15 to 29

hours

30 to 34

hours

35 hours and over

Total at

work

Persons

who

usually

work full

time

Total 35 to 39

hours

40

hours

41 to 48

hours

49 hours

and over

TOTAL

United States ................................ 128,081 6,075 15,339 9,500 97,167 8,670 47,955 14,722 25,821 39.6 43.4

 

Alabama ....................................... 1,977 81 244 152 1,500 131 763 221 386 39.7 43.2

Alaska ........................................... 275 17 37 23 198 25 80 30 63 40.3 44.7

Arizona ......................................... 2,170 91 233 159 1,687 132 917 235 403 39.7 43.1

Arkansas ....................................... 1,121 50 116 78 877 71 466 126 214 39.8 43.2

California ...................................... 15,129 684 1,796 1,214 11,434 839 6,295 1,514 2,786 39.2 43.0

Colorado ....................................... 2,099 87 240 160 1,611 138 698 288 486 40.4 44.1

Connecticut ................................... 1,559 73 208 117 1,160 130 524 183 323 39.0 43.3

Delaware ...................................... 360 14 46 28 271 29 134 38 71 39.6 43.1

District of Columbia ...................... 256 8 25 18 204 15 109 26 52 40.5 43.2

Florida ........................................... 6,826 254 804 512 5,257 436 2,769 675 1,377 39.9 43.2

Georgia ......................................... 3,768 125 362 246 3,034 219 1,581 451 784 40.6 43.5

Hawaii ........................................... 536 25 77 44 389 25 230 45 90 38.4 42.7

Idaho ............................................. 596 41 82 54 419 42 177 76 123 38.7 43.5

Illinois ............................................ 5,854 251 678 418 4,506 370 2,219 699 1,219 39.8 43.7

Indiana .......................................... 2,864 146 340 208 2,171 192 977 399 603 39.7 43.6

Iowa .............................................. 1,465 88 195 109 1,073 92 442 207 331 39.7 44.2

Kansas .......................................... 1,341 78 177 105 980 81 418 176 305 39.7 44.4

Kentucky ....................................... 1,799 86 207 135 1,370 151 642 226 350 39.4 43.0

Louisiana ...................................... 1,878 83 206 130 1,459 124 814 171 350 40.0 43.4

Maine ............................................ 616 39 78 56 442 56 186 83 118 38.7 42.7

Maryland ....................................... 2,566 122 286 199 1,960 171 963 279 546 39.9 43.3

Massachusetts .............................. 3,040 158 408 262 2,211 208 1,131 327 546 38.5 43.0

Michigan ....................................... 4,721 247 619 336 3,518 276 1,600 607 1,036 39.6 44.2

Minnesota ..................................... 2,511 161 356 228 1,766 167 714 333 552 38.8 44.0

Mississippi .................................... 1,157 45 139 72 901 62 524 102 213 39.8 43.2

Missouri ........................................ 2,639 123 297 190 2,029 153 969 343 563 40.1 43.7

Montana ........................................ 428 35 61 36 297 32 122 50 93 38.7 44.3

Nebraska ...................................... 851 57 110 59 625 56 230 126 213 40.4 45.6

Nevada ......................................... 867 26 75 53 714 36 448 72 158 40.5 43.1

New Hampshire ............................ 620 37 82 51 450 49 179 89 133 39.1 44.1

New Jersey ................................... 3,856 169 485 269 2,932 346 1,453 408 725 39.2 42.8

New Mexico .................................. 732 34 97 59 542 50 277 78 138 39.1 43.4

New York ...................................... 8,068 381 1,027 557 6,102 878 2,994 742 1,488 38.9 42.9

North Carolina .............................. 3,624 149 379 234 2,862 228 1,543 396 694 39.9 43.0

North Dakota ................................ 312 21 41 25 224 23 92 37 73 39.8 44.6

Ohio .............................................. 5,233 278 672 396 3,888 348 1,728 699 1,113 39.4 43.6

Oklahoma ..................................... 1,531 76 171 110 1,175 94 585 170 325 40.0 43.7

Oregon .......................................... 1,593 98 197 134 1,164 113 542 203 306 38.7 43.2

Pennsylvania ................................ 5,457 315 726 408 4,008 402 1,901 656 1,050 38.8 43.3

Rhode Island ................................ 456 24 65 46 321 37 151 52 81 38.2 42.5

South Carolina .............................. 1,802 72 218 118 1,394 134 674 226 360 39.8 43.3

South Dakota ................................ 371 24 48 28 271 24 109 46 92 40.1 45.0

Tennessee .................................... 2,603 102 282 184 2,034 176 1,022 307 529 40.0 43.2

Texas ............................................ 9,381 388 954 599 7,441 573 3,736 1,057 2,075 40.7 43.9

Utah .............................................. 1,008 71 145 75 717 56 359 108 195 38.1 43.4

Vermont ........................................ 310 22 40 26 222 24 89 41 67 39.0 44.0

Virginia .......................................... 3,303 150 369 244 2,540 206 1,264 389 681 39.9 43.1

Washington ................................... 2,785 160 372 241 2,012 189 912 367 544 38.9 43.4

West Virginia ................................ 723 38 95 58 531 57 261 80 134 39.0 43.1

Wisconsin ..................................... 2,684 147 328 209 2,001 181 816 422 581 39.8 44.3

Wyoming ....................................... 238 15 30 17 175 14 75 28 57 40.6 45.6

See footnotes at end of table.

88
Table 19. States: Persons at work by sex, age, race, and Hispanic origin, 1999 annual averages — Continued

(Numbers in thousands)

Population group and State Total at work

Hours of work Average hours

1 to 14

hours

15 to 29

hours

30 to 34

hours

35 hours and over

Total at

work

Persons

who

usually

work full

time

Total 35 to 39

hours

40

hours

41 to 48

hours

49 hours

and over

Men

United States ................................ 69,130 2,204 5,690 3,904 57,332 3,349 26,253 8,929 18,801 42.4 45.0

 

Alabama ....................................... 1,058 32 85 65 876 50 397 133 295 42.7 45.1

Alaska ........................................... 149 7 15 10 117 10 45 18 45 43.7 46.7

Arizona ......................................... 1,181 31 91 62 998 55 526 136 281 42.2 44.3

Arkansas ....................................... 600 20 50 34 496 25 241 74 156 42.2 44.9

California ...................................... 8,399 263 719 541 6,878 365 3,611 910 1,991 41.5 44.1

Colorado ....................................... 1,152 29 98 72 954 57 390 170 337 42.9 45.2

Connecticut ................................... 815 25 66 49 675 48 276 114 237 42.5 45.3

Delaware ...................................... 188 5 16 12 156 11 72 22 51 42.5 44.8

District of Columbia ...................... 126 3 10 7 105 6 54 13 32 42.1 44.3

Florida ........................................... 3,696 101 320 216 3,060 174 1,464 408 1,013 42.5 44.8

Georgia ......................................... 1,996 43 133 102 1,718 82 791 265 580 43.4 45.4

Hawaii ........................................... 264 9 28 21 206 11 118 23 54 40.3 43.4

Idaho ............................................. 333 15 29 23 266 18 103 49 96 42.5 45.2

Illinois ............................................ 3,121 88 252 147 2,634 139 1,192 417 887 42.8 45.3

Indiana .......................................... 1,554 54 124 86 1,289 68 540 247 434 42.7 45.1

Iowa .............................................. 787 33 71 40 642 33 234 126 248 43.3 46.3

Kansas .......................................... 710 31 68 46 566 31 214 105 216 42.9 46.3

Kentucky ....................................... 992 32 84 59 816 52 367 142 256 42.1 44.6

Louisiana ...................................... 983 30 79 49 825 43 416 103 263 43.2 45.6

Maine ............................................ 321 14 25 23 259 22 102 49 85 41.9 44.4

Maryland ....................................... 1,332 49 104 81 1,099 70 489 168 371 42.4 44.8

Massachusetts .............................. 1,614 57 131 94 1,332 73 663 203 394 41.6 44.3

Michigan ....................................... 2,589 85 208 139 2,158 98 894 385 781 43.0 45.9

Minnesota ..................................... 1,337 56 130 88 1,063 70 393 197 403 42.3 45.7

Mississippi .................................... 615 16 58 28 512 21 265 64 162 42.7 45.3

Missouri ........................................ 1,446 46 125 88 1,187 73 512 204 399 42.5 45.1

Montana ........................................ 230 13 24 13 180 13 69 31 67 42.4 46.1

Nebraska ...................................... 454 20 40 22 372 20 118 77 157 44.4 47.8

Nevada ......................................... 480 12 29 23 416 15 245 43 113 42.5 44.3

New Hampshire ............................ 331 13 27 18 273 18 100 54 100 42.7 45.8

New Jersey ................................... 2,090 58 170 116 1,745 112 821 264 548 42.2 44.5

New Mexico .................................. 393 12 39 25 317 19 153 46 98 41.9 44.9

New York ...................................... 4,316 132 347 224 3,613 325 1,747 457 1,083 42.0 44.4

North Carolina .............................. 1,946 59 145 96 1,646 91 811 239 504 42.4 44.4

North Dakota ................................ 165 8 15 9 133 8 48 22 55 43.9 46.8

Ohio .............................................. 2,792 89 235 151 2,317 131 954 422 811 42.7 45.3

Oklahoma ..................................... 823 25 68 45 685 37 308 102 238 43.0 45.4

Oregon .......................................... 870 34 69 59 707 44 322 127 213 41.4 43.9

Pennsylvania ................................ 2,907 109 255 161 2,383 148 1,035 415 784 42.2 45.0

Rhode Island ................................ 240 8 21 18 193 13 87 31 62 41.7 44.3

South Carolina .............................. 949 25 83 48 793 45 356 127 265 42.6 44.9

South Dakota ................................ 196 9 18 11 159 8 55 27 70 44.1 47.5

Tennessee .................................... 1,374 39 112 70 1,153 60 524 184 386 42.7 44.9

Texas ............................................ 5,193 150 379 251 4,413 234 2,016 627 1,536 43.5 45.6

Utah .............................................. 558 25 51 32 450 24 210 70 147 41.5 44.7

Vermont ........................................ 163 8 13 10 131 10 50 24 47 42.3 45.4

Virginia .......................................... 1,781 59 134 100 1,489 81 678 243 486 42.6 44.7

Washington ................................... 1,504 52 134 104 1,214 83 520 225 385 41.8 44.4

West Virginia ................................ 386 14 32 24 316 22 145 51 97 42.1 44.7

Wisconsin ..................................... 1,434 51 117 83 1,183 74 442 250 418 43.0 45.9

Wyoming ....................................... 129 5 10 7 107 5 41 17 43 44.8 47.8

See footnotes at end of table.

89
Table 19. States: Persons at work by sex, age, race, and Hispanic origin, 1999 annual averages — Continued

(Numbers in thousands)

Population group and State Total at work

Hours of work Average hours

1 to 14

hours

15 to 29

hours

30 to 34

hours

35 hours and over

Total at

work

Persons

who

usually

work full

time

Total 35 to 39

hours

40

hours

41 to 48

hours

49 hours

and over

Women

United States ................................ 58,951 3,870 9,649 5,595 39,835 5,320 21,702 5,793 7,020 36.2 41.3

 

Alabama ....................................... 919 49 158 87 624 81 366 87 90 36.2 40.6

Alaska ........................................... 126 10 22 13 81 15 36 12 18 36.3 41.8

Arizona ......................................... 989 61 142 97 690 77 391 100 123 36.8 41.5

Arkansas ....................................... 522 30 67 44 382 46 225 52 59 37.1 41.1

California ...................................... 6,730 422 1,078 674 4,556 473 2,684 605 794 36.3 41.4

Colorado ....................................... 946 58 143 88 657 81 308 118 149 37.3 42.4

Connecticut ................................... 744 48 142 69 485 83 248 69 86 35.2 40.7

Delaware ...................................... 171 9 30 16 115 18 61 16 20 36.3 41.0

District of Columbia ...................... 130 5 15 11 98 9 55 14 20 38.9 41.9

Florida ........................................... 3,130 153 484 296 2,197 262 1,304 267 364 36.9 41.1

Georgia ......................................... 1,772 83 229 144 1,317 137 790 186 204 37.5 41.2

Hawaii ........................................... 272 16 49 23 183 14 111 22 36 36.6 42.0

Idaho ............................................. 263 26 54 31 152 25 73 27 27 34.0 40.7

Illinois ............................................ 2,733 163 427 271 1,872 231 1,027 282 332 36.5 41.6

Indiana .......................................... 1,309 91 215 121 881 124 437 152 168 36.2 41.4

Iowa .............................................. 678 54 124 69 431 59 208 81 83 35.5 41.2

Kansas .......................................... 630 47 109 59 414 50 204 71 89 36.2 41.9

Kentucky ....................................... 807 54 123 76 554 100 276 84 95 36.2 40.7

Louisiana ...................................... 895 53 127 81 633 80 398 69 87 36.5 40.6

Maine ............................................ 295 25 53 33 184 34 83 34 33 35.2 40.6

Maryland ....................................... 1,234 72 182 118 861 102 473 111 175 37.2 41.4

Massachusetts .............................. 1,425 101 276 168 880 135 468 124 152 35.0 41.2

Michigan ....................................... 2,132 163 411 198 1,361 178 706 222 255 35.4 41.6

Minnesota ..................................... 1,175 105 226 140 704 97 321 137 149 34.9 41.5

Mississippi .................................... 543 28 81 44 389 42 259 38 51 36.5 40.6

Missouri ........................................ 1,193 78 171 102 842 80 458 140 164 37.2 41.8

Montana ........................................ 198 22 37 22 117 18 53 20 26 34.5 41.6

Nebraska ...................................... 398 37 70 37 253 35 112 49 57 35.8 42.4

Nevada ......................................... 387 14 45 30 297 21 203 28 45 38.1 41.6

New Hampshire ............................ 289 25 55 33 177 32 78 35 33 35.0 41.6

New Jersey ................................... 1,766 111 315 153 1,187 234 632 143 177 35.5 40.4

New Mexico .................................. 340 22 58 34 226 30 124 31 40 36.0 41.3

New York ...................................... 3,752 249 681 333 2,489 553 1,247 284 405 35.4 40.7

North Carolina .............................. 1,678 91 234 138 1,216 137 732 157 190 37.1 41.1

North Dakota ................................ 146 13 27 16 91 14 44 15 18 35.2 41.5

Ohio .............................................. 2,441 189 437 245 1,570 218 774 276 302 35.6 41.2

Oklahoma ..................................... 709 51 103 65 490 57 278 68 87 36.5 41.5

Oregon .......................................... 723 64 127 75 457 69 220 76 93 35.5 42.0

Pennsylvania ................................ 2,550 206 471 247 1,625 254 866 241 265 35.0 40.9

Rhode Island ................................ 216 16 43 29 128 24 64 21 19 34.3 39.9

South Carolina .............................. 853 47 135 71 600 89 317 98 96 36.8 41.1

South Dakota ................................ 175 15 30 18 112 16 54 19 23 35.7 41.5

Tennessee .................................... 1,229 63 170 114 881 116 499 123 144 37.1 41.1

Texas ............................................ 4,188 238 575 348 3,028 338 1,720 431 539 37.3 41.6

Utah .............................................. 450 46 94 43 267 32 150 38 47 33.8 41.3

Vermont ........................................ 147 14 27 16 90 14 39 17 20 35.3 42.0

Virginia .......................................... 1,521 91 235 144 1,051 125 586 146 194 36.7 41.1

Washington ................................... 1,282 108 239 137 799 106 392 142 158 35.5 41.8

West Virginia ................................ 337 24 63 34 216 35 115 29 37 35.4 40.8

Wisconsin ..................................... 1,250 95 211 126 817 108 374 172 163 36.1 42.1

Wyoming ....................................... 109 11 20 10 68 9 34 11 14 35.6 42.3

See footnotes at end of table.

90
Table 19. States: Persons at work by sex, age, race, and Hispanic origin, 1999 annual averages — Continued

(Numbers in thousands)

Population group and State Total at work

Hours of work Average hours

1 to 14

hours

15 to 29

hours

30 to 34

hours

35 hours and over

Total at

work

Persons

who

usually

work full

time

Total 35 to 39

hours

40

hours

41 to 48

hours

49 hours

and over

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

United States ................................ 6,931 1,446 2,735 647 2,103 414 1,167 259 263 25.3 39.7

 

Alabama ....................................... 104 20 47 11 26 6 14 3 2 24.7 38.8

Alaska ........................................... 16 3 6 261411 28.7 41.3

Arizona ......................................... 130 20 47 13 50 8 29 7 6 27.9 40.3

Arkansas ....................................... 56 7 21 6 22 4 12 3 3 29.0 40.8

California ...................................... 688 151 259 71 207 39 125 18 24 25.2 39.9

Colorado ....................................... 116 22 42 12 39 8 22 4 6 26.5 39.5

Connecticut ................................... 77 20 35 5 17 3 10 2 3 22.3 39.9

Delaware ...................................... 22 4 8 38251 1 ( ) 26.2 37.1

District of Columbia ...................... 4 1 2 1 () 2 1 () 1 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 26.5 39.5

Florida ........................................... 359 44 143 40 133 25 76 14 17 28.2 40.0

Georgia ......................................... 181 18 88 19 56 10 33 7 7 26.8 39.3

Hawaii ........................................... 22 5 10 261311 23.9 40.4

Idaho ............................................. 43 12 14 4 14 2722 25.0 39.6

Illinois ............................................ 353 63 145 31 114 26 65 14 9 25.9 39.6

Indiana .......................................... 169 38 66 13 51 13 25 8 5 24.9 39.3

Iowa .............................................. 104 22 40 8 33 6 16 6 5 26.1 40.4

Kansas .......................................... 95 20 38 10 27 6 14 4 3 24.7 38.4

Kentucky ....................................... 100 19 39 8 33 7 18 5 3 25.6 38.8

Louisiana ...................................... 108 21 43 12 33 10 18 3 2 25.4 37.1

Maine ............................................ 31 8 10 3 10 3511 25.0 40.1

Maryland ....................................... 117 33 39 10 35 8 21 3 3 24.0 39.3

Massachusetts .............................. 170 47 69 12 42 9 23 7 4 22.7 38.4

Michigan ....................................... 350 80 151 25 94 16 45 17 15 24.1 41.2

Minnesota ..................................... 178 52 72 14 40 8 17 6 9 22.6 40.9

Mississippi .................................... 60 12 24 6 19 3 13 1 2 25.1 37.9

Missouri ........................................ 159 33 63 16 47 10 29 4 4 25.2 37.4

Montana ........................................ 29 8 9 392411 24.1 40.0

Nebraska ...................................... 65 18 24 5 17 3824 23.7 40.8

Nevada ......................................... 44 6 15 4 19 2 15 1 2 29.1 39.7

New Hampshire ............................ 36 11 14 382411 21.9 40.5

New Jersey ................................... 176 37 80 13 47 9 32 3 3 23.8 38.3

New Mexico .................................. 39 6 16 3 14 3722 27.6 41.8

New York ...................................... 362 93 149 29 91 17 48 11 14 23.7 40.3

North Carolina .............................. 151 33 52 13 53 10 30 7 6 26.4 38.9

North Dakota ................................ 22 6 8 261311 24.7 41.0

Ohio .............................................. 322 69 124 30 99 21 50 16 12 25.4 39.2

Oklahoma ..................................... 87 15 34 10 28 7 12 4 5 26.6 41.1

Oregon .......................................... 79 19 25 7 27 6 15 4 3 25.6 39.1

Pennsylvania ................................ 280 84 111 25 61 12 33 8 8 22.3 38.6

Rhode Island ................................ 23 6 9 261311 23.4 39.1

South Carolina .............................. 93 19 42 11 22 6 11 3 1 23.5 37.9

South Dakota ................................ 30 7 10 3 10 2512 26.4 40.8

Tennessee .................................... 146 23 61 15 46 8 27 3 7 26.3 39.8

Texas ............................................ 499 75 180 53 190 30 111 23 26 28.2 40.4

Utah .............................................. 87 18 31 8 29 6 17 3 4 26.0 39.5

Vermont ........................................ 18 6 6 14121 1 ( ) 21.2 36.6

Virginia .......................................... 158 32 60 14 52 8 33 5 5 25.8 39.4

Washington ................................... 152 33 61 16 42 9 18 9 5 25.1 40.0

West Virginia ................................ 37 9 15 482511 23.6 38.3

Wisconsin ..................................... 157 34 68 13 42 8 19 6 9 24.6 41.4

Wyoming ....................................... 18 4 6 261311 26.1 41.2

See footnotes at end of table.

91
Table 19. States: Persons at work by sex, age, race, and Hispanic origin, 1999 annual averages — Continued

(Numbers in thousands)

Population group and State Total at work

Hours of work Average hours

1 to 14

hours

15 to 29

hours

30 to 34

hours

35 hours and over

Total at

work

Persons

who

usually

work full

time

Total 35 to 39

hours

40

hours

41 to 48

hours

49 hours

and over

White

United States ................................ 107,601 5,344 13,049 8,020 81,188 7,192 38,333 12,942 22,721 39.6 43.7

 

Alabama ....................................... 1,484 66 186 107 1,125 90 545 170 319 39.9 43.7

Alaska ........................................... 221 14 27 18 161 17 64 26 55 41.0 45.3

Arizona ......................................... 1,989 83 211 145 1,549 124 828 221 376 39.8 43.1

Arkansas ....................................... 932 42 97 62 732 58 375 108 191 40.1 43.7

California ...................................... 12,228 560 1,482 1,003 9,184 703 4,898 1,265 2,318 39.2 43.1

Colorado ....................................... 1,973 83 226 149 1,514 129 653 273 459 40.3 44.1

Connecticut ................................... 1,362 68 180 104 1,011 112 433 169 298 39.2 43.7

Delaware ...................................... 276 12 37 21 206 22 96 31 58 39.5 43.4

District of Columbia ...................... 110 4 10 7 89 8 34 14 34 42.4 45.3

Florida ........................................... 5,698 223 674 426 4,374 352 2,234 589 1,199 40.0 43.4

Georgia ......................................... 2,559 92 237 165 2,065 144 996 324 601 41.1 44.1

Hawaii ........................................... 129 8 19 12 90 7 44 12 27 39.0 44.1

Idaho ............................................. 581 40 81 53 406 41 169 75 121 38.7 43.5

Illinois ............................................ 4,922 221 583 350 3,768 313 1,761 620 1,074 39.9 44.0

Indiana .......................................... 2,643 140 317 192 1,994 175 869 380 571 39.7 43.7

Iowa .............................................. 1,416 83 189 107 1,037 88 423 203 323 39.7 44.2

Kansas .......................................... 1,216 73 162 96 885 72 365 165 284 39.8 44.6

Kentucky ....................................... 1,646 80 190 125 1,250 137 571 212 330 39.5 43.2

Louisiana ...................................... 1,290 59 142 87 1,002 81 521 126 274 40.4 44.0

Maine ............................................ 606 39 76 55 436 55 182 82 116 38.7 42.8

Maryland ....................................... 1,750 90 205 139 1,315 123 566 203 423 40.1 43.9

Massachusetts .............................. 2,803 146 381 248 2,028 194 1,013 310 511 38.5 43.0

Michigan ....................................... 4,043 221 536 281 3,005 242 1,295 541 927 39.6 44.4

Minnesota ..................................... 2,378 155 338 215 1,670 159 661 319 531 38.9 44.1

Mississippi .................................... 776 34 85 44 612 40 333 74 164 40.5 44.1

Missouri ........................................ 2,377 116 267 173 1,821 137 846 321 518 40.1 43.8

Montana ........................................ 405 33 57 33 281 30 112 49 90 38.9 44.5

Nebraska ...................................... 804 55 102 55 592 53 213 120 206 40.5 45.8

Nevada ......................................... 756 23 67 47 620 32 381 65 141 40.6 43.3

New Hampshire ............................ 605 37 80 50 439 49 173 87 130 39.1 44.1

New Jersey ................................... 3,134 153 400 224 2,357 270 1,111 349 627 39.1 43.0

New Mexico .................................. 646 31 87 51 477 43 235 71 127 39.2 43.7

New York ...................................... 6,399 325 849 464 4,761 635 2,219 633 1,274 39.0 43.3

North Carolina .............................. 2,705 116 275 167 2,147 161 1,100 314 571 40.3 43.5

North Dakota ................................ 300 21 40 24 215 21 87 36 71 39.8 44.8

Ohio .............................................. 4,614 251 589 346 3,428 306 1,468 638 1,017 39.5 43.8

Oklahoma ..................................... 1,306 66 146 88 1,005 79 489 148 289 40.2 44.0

Oregon .......................................... 1,486 91 183 127 1,085 108 501 191 285 38.7 43.1

Pennsylvania ................................ 4,908 295 668 364 3,581 349 1,646 609 977 38.8 43.5

Rhode Island ................................ 423 23 60 43 297 34 137 49 77 38.3 42.6

South Carolina .............................. 1,362 58 152 89 1,063 94 482 183 304 40.3 43.8

South Dakota ................................ 352 23 46 27 257 22 100 44 90 40.2 45.2

Tennessee .................................... 2,171 86 243 154 1,688 148 805 274 461 40.2 43.4

Texas ............................................ 7,979 342 828 510 6,298 485 3,054 931 1,828 40.7 44.1

Utah .............................................. 969 69 140 73 687 53 343 104 187 38.0 43.5

Vermont ........................................ 306 22 40 26 219 24 88 41 67 39.0 44.0

Virginia .......................................... 2,523 124 284 181 1,934 151 915 319 548 39.9 43.4

Washington ................................... 2,524 150 342 222 1,811 176 802 335 497 38.8 43.4

West Virginia ................................ 692 37 88 55 512 54 251 79 128 39.0 43.0

Wisconsin ..................................... 2,491 139 306 191 1,856 170 731 402 553 39.9 44.5

Wyoming ....................................... 230 15 29 16 169 14 72 28 55 40.5 45.5

See footnotes at end of table.

92
Table 19. States: Persons at work by sex, age, race, and Hispanic origin, 1999 annual averages — Continued

(Numbers in thousands)

Population group and State Total at work

Hours of work Average hours

1 to 14

hours

15 to 29

hours

30 to 34

hours

35 hours and over

Total at

work

Persons

who

usually

work full

time

Total 35 to 39

hours

40

hours

41 to 48

hours

49 hours

and over

Black

United States ................................ 14,499 482 1,640 1,076 11,302 1,120 6,934 1,232 2,016 39.0 41.8

 

Alabama ....................................... 466 14 56 43 353 37 207 49 60 38.8 41.4

Alaska ........................................... 9 1 () 2 1 () 7 1 4 1 1 37.9 41.7

Arizona ......................................... 90 3 9 5 73 4 48 6 15 40.5 43.9

Arkansas ....................................... 171 7 18 15 131 12 85 14 21 38.0 41.0

California ...................................... 932 33 100 78 720 48 455 75 142 39.0 42.1

Colorado ....................................... 59 2 3 7 47 4 23 8 13 41.9 43.9

Connecticut ................................... 157 4 25 12 117 18 71 11 18 37.3 40.6

Delaware ...................................... 76 2 8 7 59 7 34 7 12 39.6 42.0

District of Columbia ...................... 139 4 15 11 109 8 73 11 17 38.9 41.5

Florida ........................................... 959 25 108 73 752 70 468 71 144 39.4 42.1

Georgia ......................................... 1,132 32 116 79 905 73 550 120 162 39.4 42.1

Hawaii ........................................... 6 1 () 1 1 () 4 1 ( ) 2 1 1 39.3 44.4

Illinois ............................................ 719 22 74 54 569 47 366 60 97 39.1 41.9

Indiana .......................................... 185 5 19 14 148 15 90 18 24 39.2 41.4

Iowa .............................................. 23 3 2 1 17 2824 37.9 43.2

Kansas .......................................... 80 4 9 5 62 5 36 7 14 39.0 42.3

Kentucky ....................................... 141 5 16 10 111 12 68 14 18 38.6 41.2

Louisiana ...................................... 548 24 61 42 421 39 279 43 60 38.3 41.4

Maine ............................................ 3 1 () 1 1 () 2 1 () 1 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 34.8 39.3

Maryland ....................................... 717 28 69 52 567 43 362 62 100 39.1 41.8

Massachusetts .............................. 152 9 16 9 118 10 79 9 20 38.4 42.4

Michigan ....................................... 560 19 73 49 419 28 254 54 83 39.0 42.5

Minnesota ..................................... 59 2 9 5 43 4 23 8 9 38.1 42.2

Mississippi .................................... 371 10 50 27 284 21 188 27 48 38.5 41.4

Missouri ........................................ 224 5 26 13 179 16 107 18 38 40.4 43.0

Nebraska ...................................... 30 1 4 3 22 2 13 4 4 38.4 41.9

Nevada ......................................... 48 2 3 3 40 2 28 2 8 40.3 42.3

New Hampshire ............................ 8 1 1 1 () 5 1 ( ) 3 1 2 36.8 43.5

New Jersey ................................... 518 11 71 32 404 61 244 39 60 38.4 41.1

New Mexico .................................. 14 1 ( ) 2 1 11 1 6 1 3 39.8 44.1

New York ...................................... 1,189 43 138 65 944 178 565 75 127 38.0 40.9

North Carolina .............................. 790 27 89 59 615 61 383 67 104 38.6 41.2

Ohio .............................................. 544 24 75 46 399 36 229 50 84 38.6 42.0

Oklahoma ..................................... 107 4 14 10 79 7 45 9 17 38.5 42.2

Oregon .......................................... 25 2 4 1 17 2816 39.1 45.7

Pennsylvania ................................ 437 14 47 36 340 47 212 35 47 38.3 41.2

Rhode Island ................................ 20 1 2 3 14 2723 37.4 40.3

South Carolina .............................. 422 13 64 28 317 38 186 40 53 38.2 41.5

South Dakota ................................ 3 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 () 3 1 ( ) 1 1 1 40.7 44.3

Tennessee .................................... 408 14 37 29 328 26 205 32 65 39.6 42.2

Texas ............................................ 1,065 36 100 72 857 71 529 87 169 40.0 42.8

Utah .............................................. 8 1 () 1 1 () 7 1 ( ) 4 1 1 40.1 42.5

Virginia .......................................... 643 18 72 53 501 47 291 59 105 39.5 42.0

Washington ................................... 74 1 7 6 59 3 26 13 17 41.8 43.9

West Virginia ................................ 23 1 5 3 14 2714 36.9 42.5

Wisconsin ..................................... 126 4 14 14 94 8 56 14 16 38.7 41.6

Wyoming ....................................... 2 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 () 2 1 () 1 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 41.5 44.5

See footnotes at end of table.

93
Table 19. States: Persons at work by sex, age, race, and Hispanic origin, 1999 annual averages — Continued

(Numbers in thousands)

Population group and State Total at work

Hours of work Average hours

1 to 14

hours

15 to 29

hours

30 to 34

hours

35 hours and over

Total at

work

Persons

who

usually

work full

time

Total 35 to 39

hours

40

hours

41 to 48

hours

49 hours

and over

Hispanic origin

United States ................................ 13,260 383 1,396 977 10,504 932 6,465 1,273 1,834 39.2 41.9

 

Alabama ....................................... 17 1 1 1 14 1 9 1 ( ) 3 41.0 44.9

Alaska ........................................... 7 1 () 1 1 () 6 1 2 1 2 40.6 44.0

Arizona ......................................... 546 15 52 34 446 31 311 38 66 39.3 41.7

Arkansas ....................................... 28 1 2 2 23 3 12 4 4 39.8 42.1

California ...................................... 4,101 123 425 337 3,217 240 2,115 380 483 38.7 41.5

Colorado ....................................... 271 7 25 21 218 20 116 33 49 40.4 43.1

Connecticut ................................... 122 4 18 9 91 10 54 11 16 38.1 41.8

Delaware ...................................... 16 1 2 1 12 2612 38.7 41.3

District of Columbia ...................... 20 1 2 1 15 1 10 1 3 38.9 42.3

Florida ........................................... 1,234 23 127 101 983 81 629 96 177 39.4 41.7

Georgia ......................................... 125 3 11 7 105 10 58 13 23 40.3 43.0

Hawaii ........................................... 18 1 1 2 14 1912 38.5 40.9

Idaho ............................................. 50 2 7 4 37 5 20 5 8 38.7 42.1

Illinois ............................................ 547 8 46 36 457 27 291 66 73 40.0 42.0

Indiana .......................................... 53 1 11 3 38 1 19 8 9 38.6 43.9

Iowa .............................................. 43 1 ( ) 3 3 37 3 17 10 7 41.5 43.1

Kansas .......................................... 49 2 9 4 33 3 14 6 11 38.4 43.2

Kentucky ....................................... 28 1 2 2 23 4 12 3 5 40.1 41.1

Louisiana ...................................... 37 1 2 4 30 3 17 4 5 41.2 43.7

Maryland ....................................... 108 5 17 11 75 8 42 8 17 37.5 41.4

Massachusetts .............................. 159 6 15 13 125 12 82 11 20 38.7 41.9

Michigan ....................................... 123 4 15 10 94 6 45 19 24 40.3 44.0

Minnesota ..................................... 44 1 ( ) 4 2 37 3 16 7 11 43.2 45.2

Mississippi .................................... 14 1 1 1 10 1 5 4 1 ( ) 37.1 38.9

Missouri ........................................ 38 1 1 2 34 2 19 5 8 42.8 43.4

Montana ........................................ 8 1 1 1513 1 ( ) 1 36.9 40.9

Nebraska ...................................... 37 1 4 2 29 3 12 10 4 39.5 42.5

Nevada ......................................... 155 3 9 8 135 8 97 12 18 40.4 41.9

New Hampshire ............................ 9 1 1 1 6 1 ( ) 2 1 2 41.8 47.1

New Jersey ................................... 459 9 39 27 383 45 236 37 64 39.7 41.5

New Mexico .................................. 263 11 38 23 190 17 114 25 33 37.7 42.1

New York ...................................... 1,025 30 118 58 819 128 461 84 145 39.0 42.0

North Carolina .............................. 104 3 6 5 91 7 59 12 13 40.2 41.5

Ohio .............................................. 70 4 13 3 49 5 24 7 13 37.3 42.2

Oklahoma ..................................... 49 1 5 3 40 3 25 7 5 39.0 41.9

Oregon .......................................... 90 2 10 6 72 6 43 8 16 40.2 42.5

Pennsylvania ................................ 101 4 11 8 77 10 44 10 14 38.7 41.9

Rhode Island ................................ 18 1 3 2 13 1922 37.1 39.8

South Carolina .............................. 18 1 1 1 ( ) 17 1 ( ) 6 6 4 44.5 47.1

South Dakota ................................ 4 1 () 1 1 () 3 1 ( ) 1 1 1 36.0 43.9

Tennessee .................................... 25 1 ( ) 1 1 23 2 13 3 5 42.9 43.5

Texas ............................................ 2,659 89 301 187 2,082 190 1,228 266 398 39.2 42.2

Utah .............................................. 60 1 7 5 47 3 30 6 8 39.3 42.1

Vermont ........................................ 1 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 () 1 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 37.4 47.6

Virginia .......................................... 102 3 9 9 81 6 42 10 22 40.8 43.4

Washington ................................... 113 2 10 10 91 11 44 16 20 40.8 42.9

Wisconsin ..................................... 45 1 5 3 36 3 19 7 7 40.1 42.9

Wyoming ....................................... 10 1 1 181412 40.0 44.2

1 Less than 500 persons.

 NOTE: Data for demographic groups are not shown when they do not

meet BLS publication standards of reliability for the particular area based

on the sample in that area. See appendix B. Items may not add to totals

because of rounding. Detail for race and Hispanic-origin groups will not

add to totals because data for the "other races" group are not presented

and Hispanics are included in both the white and black population

groups. Levels incorporate updated 1990 census-based population

controls. Because of separate processing and weighting procedures,

totals for the United States differ from the results obtained by

aggregating the totals for States.

94
Table 20. States: Persons at work 1 to 34 hours by sex, race, reason for working less than 35 hours, and usual status, 1999 annual averages

(In thousands)

Population group and State

Usually work full time Usually work part time

Total

Slack

work or

business

conditions

Vacation

or

personal

day

Holiday,

legal or

religious

Weatherrelated

curtailment

Other

reasons1

Total

Slack

work or

business

conditions

Could

only find

part-time

work

Childcare

problems

Other

family or

personal

obligations

In

school

or

training

Retired

or Social

Security

limit on

earnings

Other

reasons2

TOTAL

United States ................................ 10,079 1,021 3,239 966 824 4,029 20,834 1,004 1,161 770 4,882 6,363 1,984 4,669

 

Alabama ....................................... 180 18 55 17 3 ( ) 85 297 14 19 3 ( ) 62 101 34 60

Alaska ........................................... 29 3 () 9 4 3 ( ) 12 48 4 6 3 ( ) 11 10 3 ( ) 14

Arizona ......................................... 159 23 51 17 3 ( ) 67 323 15 11 14 61 109 30 84

Arkansas ....................................... 79 12 22 3 ( ) 4 37 165 8 11 5 33 47 22 39

California ...................................... 1,146 167 347 139 23 471 2,549 225 153 93 546 779 160 592

Colorado ....................................... 167 16 62 3 ( ) 3 ( ) 76 320 14 3 ( ) 13 84 94 29 75

Connecticut ................................... 116 3 ( ) 38 16 12 39 283 3 ( ) 13 13 74 76 30 69

Delaware ...................................... 31 2 12 2 4 11 57 3 ( ) 2 3 14 17 8 11

District of Columbia ...................... 22 1 6 5 1 9 30 2 4 3 ( ) 3 10 4 6

Florida ........................................... 561 52 125 46 120 218 1,009 61 56 53 167 303 108 261

Georgia ......................................... 259 36 81 16 14 112 474 22 23 14 92 144 50 130

Hawaii ........................................... 47 7 13 14 3 ( ) 12 99 7 15 3 ( ) 22 28 9 17

Idaho ............................................. 61 9 23 4 3 ( ) 24 116 6 9 3 ( ) 33 32 8 27

Illinois ............................................ 390 33 147 45 22 143 957 32 44 38 230 303 95 215

Indiana .......................................... 230 23 70 14 23 100 463 14 16 17 114 160 61 83

Iowa .............................................. 128 11 46 3 ( ) 14 54 264 7 11 3 ( ) 79 88 31 46

Kansas .......................................... 115 8 42 8 3 ( ) 51 245 3 () 9 3 ( ) 58 96 35 40

Kentucky ....................................... 150 16 46 3 ( ) 3 ( ) 75 278 14 20 3 ( ) 55 83 23 71

Louisiana ...................................... 144 18 45 10 3 ( ) 65 276 13 21 3 ( ) 48 98 19 71

Maine ............................................ 66 7 17 11 8 23 108 6 6 4 29 21 13 28

Maryland ....................................... 248 15 68 38 40 87 358 13 21 19 80 102 48 75

Massachusetts .............................. 241 16 67 66 14 78 588 18 26 29 176 178 60 100

Michigan ....................................... 322 34 128 13 18 129 881 33 49 28 234 301 79 157

Minnesota ..................................... 219 15 107 3 ( ) 3 ( ) 82 526 3 ( ) 19 3 ( ) 159 167 49 113

Mississippi .................................... 85 11 27 3 ( ) 3 ( ) 39 171 8 13 3 ( ) 20 60 18 47

Missouri ........................................ 214 3 ( ) 76 3 ( ) 3 ( ) 91 396 3 ( ) 22 20 83 139 48 73

Montana ........................................ 38 5 13 4 3 ( ) 16 93 6 8 3 ( ) 26 26 8 17

Nebraska ...................................... 63 5 24 4 3 ( ) 28 163 5 5 3 ( ) 42 61 15 33

Nevada ......................................... 52 8 15 5 3 ( ) 23 101 7 5 5 16 28 8 33

New Hampshire ............................ 45 3 13 7 4 17 125 3 3 6 38 35 11 29

New Jersey ................................... 314 15 94 46 50 110 609 24 32 29 141 180 57 147

New Mexico .................................. 53 6 17 8 3 ( ) 22 137 10 8 7 30 41 9 33

New York ...................................... 605 45 182 117 59 202 1,361 65 102 71 324 371 116 311

North Carolina .............................. 295 41 76 14 56 107 468 13 23 19 109 131 62 111

North Dakota ................................ 28 4 10 3 3 ( ) 11 59 3 () 4 3 ( ) 14 19 6 15

Ohio .............................................. 432 32 142 20 61 177 913 32 40 47 218 291 91 194

Oklahoma ..................................... 119 12 38 11 3 ( ) 55 238 11 12 10 52 71 28 55

Oregon .......................................... 127 16 41 9 3 ( ) 59 302 20 19 3 ( ) 80 68 22 88

Pennsylvania ................................ 438 37 153 30 63 155 1,011 47 69 43 264 295 108 185

Rhode Island ................................ 50 3 12 18 3 13 86 3 6 7 24 23 8 16

South Carolina .............................. 145 10 41 3 ( ) 27 61 263 10 12 10 51 80 33 67

South Dakota ................................ 31 3 12 4 3 ( ) 12 69 3 () 3 3 ( ) 14 26 8 15

Tennessee .................................... 207 24 67 3 ( ) 15 95 361 16 14 3 ( ) 76 114 42 90

Texas ............................................ 689 84 212 44 25 324 1,252 74 79 36 252 381 104 325

Utah .............................................. 73 3 ( ) 32 3 ( ) 3 ( ) 30 218 8 8 8 74 80 15 24

Vermont ........................................ 27 3 11 2 2 10 61 2 4 2 17 18 7 12

Virginia .......................................... 305 20 99 35 53 99 458 3 ( ) 25 3 ( ) 124 124 52 105

Washington ................................... 247 34 94 20 3 ( ) 94 526 26 33 11 147 150 36 124

West Virginia ................................ 64 9 18 6 7 22 128 10 17 3 ( ) 29 34 9 26

Wisconsin ..................................... 196 17 84 3 ( ) 3 ( ) 88 488 21 17 3 ( ) 137 155 51 100

See footnotes at end of table.

95
Table 20. States: Persons at work 1 to 34 hours by sex, race, reason for working less than 35 hours, and usual status, 1999 annual averages —

Continued

(In thousands)

Population group and State

Usually work full time Usually work part time

Total

Slack

work or

business

conditions

Vacation

or

personal

day

Holiday,

legal or

religious

Weatherrelated

curtailment

Other

reasons1Total

Slack

work or

business

conditions

Could

only find

part-time

work

Childcare

problems

Other

family or

personal

obligations

In

school

or

training

Retired

or Social

Security

limit on

earnings

Other

reasons2

TOTAL–Continued

Wyoming ....................................... 18 2 7 3 ( ) 3 ( ) 8 45 3 3 3 ( ) 13 13 5 7

Men

United States ................................ 4,971 594 1,663 426 482 1,806 6,827 474 439 28 245 2,947 1,113 1,581

 

Alabama ....................................... 88 11 29 6 3 ( ) 37 95 4 6 3 ( ) 3 46 20 16

Alaska ........................................... 16 3 () 5 2 3 ( ) 7 16 2 2 3 () 1 4 3 () 6

Arizona ......................................... 76 15 26 7 3 ( ) 28 107 7 6 1 3 43 15 32

Arkansas ....................................... 40 7 11 3 ( ) 4 17 64 4 5 4 ( ) 4 25 12 15

California ...................................... 610 106 191 68 21 224 912 114 62 5 41 377 86 226

Colorado ....................................... 90 9 31 3 ( ) 3 ( ) 41 108 7 3 ( ) 1 7 46 15 27

Connecticut ................................... 53 3 ( ) 18 8 4 18 86 3 () 7 4 ( ) 2 34 20 19

Delaware ...................................... 15 1 6 1 3 5 17 3 () 1 4 ( ) 4 () 8 4 3

District of Columbia ...................... 9 4 () 3 2 4 ( ) 4 12 1 1 3 ( ) 4 () 4 2 2

Florida ........................................... 279 34 60 21 65 99 358 28 22 2 8 136 66 96

Georgia ......................................... 118 16 38 7 10 47 159 11 5 4 ( ) 4 68 24 46

Hawaii ........................................... 24 5 6 7 3 ( ) 5 34 3 7 3 ( ) 2 10 4 8

Idaho ............................................. 33 5 13 2 3 ( ) 12 33 3 3 3 ( ) 1 14 5 9

Illinois ............................................ 178 19 74 16 14 55 309 19 19 4 ( ) 8 143 48 71

Indiana .......................................... 117 12 38 4 14 48 148 8 7 1 3 69 34 27

Iowa .............................................. 61 5 24 3 ( ) 8 22 84 3 3 3 ( ) 5 42 17 15

Kansas .......................................... 58 4 22 3 3 ( ) 24 87 3 () 4 3 ( ) 4 43 21 13

Kentucky ....................................... 76 11 25 3 ( ) 3 ( ) 32 99 7 8 3 ( ) 1 39 15 29

Louisiana ...................................... 65 10 18 5 3 ( ) 27 93 6 8 3 ( ) 2 42 10 26

Maine ............................................ 31 3 9 4 5 10 31 2 2 4 ( ) 2 10 6 9

Maryland ....................................... 111 8 32 17 21 34 123 7 9 4 ( ) 3 50 31 23

Massachusetts .............................. 117 8 35 29 7 38 165 9 10 1 7 74 34 30

Michigan ....................................... 160 20 66 6 11 58 271 16 16 1 8 144 41 46

Minnesota ..................................... 110 6 58 3 ( ) 3 ( ) 36 164 3 () 7 3 ( ) 9 84 25 34

Mississippi .................................... 40 6 14 3 ( ) 3 ( ) 16 62 3 6 3 ( ) 4 ( ) 29 9 16

Missouri ........................................ 113 3 ( ) 42 3 ( ) 3 ( ) 41 146 3 ( ) 11 4 ( ) 5 72 26 27

Montana ........................................ 20 3 7 2 3 ( ) 7 30 2 3 3 ( ) 1 13 5 6

Nebraska ...................................... 29 3 11 2 3 ( ) 12 52 2 3 3 ( ) 1 27 9 10

Nevada ......................................... 27 5 9 2 3 ( ) 10 37 3 3 4 ( ) 2 14 4 10

New Hampshire ............................ 21 2 7 3 2 7 37 2 1 4 ( ) 2 15 5 11

New Jersey ................................... 152 8 49 21 24 49 193 11 13 4 ( ) 5 84 31 48

New Mexico .................................. 27 4 9 4 3 ( ) 10 49 5 2 4 ( ) 2 20 6 13

New York ...................................... 278 28 88 51 24 86 425 28 43 3 19 162 70 99

North Carolina .............................. 143 19 35 5 36 47 157 7 9 4 ( ) 5 64 34 38

North Dakota ................................ 15 2 5 1 3 ( ) 5 17 3 () 1 3 () 1 8 3 4

Ohio .............................................. 201 19 73 9 28 72 274 14 13 4 8 130 54 51

Oklahoma ..................................... 59 8 21 4 3 ( ) 24 79 5 5 4 ( ) 4 33 16 15

Oregon .......................................... 71 8 24 3 3 ( ) 35 91 11 7 3 ( ) 5 28 12 27

Pennsylvania ................................ 210 20 74 14 31 71 314 18 20 4 ( ) 7 146 66 57

Rhode Island ................................ 22 1 6 8 1 6 25 2 2 4 ( ) 2 10 4 5

South Carolina .............................. 69 6 18 3 ( ) 15 26 87 5 3 4 ( ) 2 42 15 19

South Dakota ................................ 14 1 6 2 3 ( ) 5 23 3 () 2 3 ( ) 1 11 4 6

Tennessee .................................... 103 12 35 3 ( ) 13 39 119 9 3 3 ( ) 4 45 24 34

Texas ............................................ 350 52 111 16 23 148 430 34 26 1 14 182 62 111

Utah .............................................. 41 3 ( ) 19 3 ( ) 3 ( ) 16 67 4 3 4 ( ) 2 38 10 9

Vermont ........................................ 13 2 5 1 1 5 18 1 1 4 () 1 8 4 4

Virginia .......................................... 148 13 54 14 27 39 144 3 () 8 3 ( ) 6 58 26 38

Washington ................................... 131 21 49 10 3 ( ) 47 159 12 11 1 7 62 21 45

West Virginia ................................ 30 5 8 3 5 10 40 4 8 3 ( ) 1 14 5 7

See footnotes at end of table.

96
Table 20. States: Persons at work 1 to 34 hours by sex, race, reason for working less than 35 hours, and usual status, 1999 annual averages —

Continued

(In thousands)

Population group and State

Usually work full time Usually work part time

Total

Slack

work or

business

conditions

Vacation

or

personal

day

Holiday,

legal or

religious

Weatherrelated

curtailment

Other

reasons1Total

Slack

work or

business

conditions

Could

only find

part-time

work

Childcare

problems

Other

family or

personal

obligations

In

school

or

training

Retired

or Social

Security

limit on

earnings

Other

reasons2

Men–Continued

Wisconsin ..................................... 96 9 44 3 ( ) 3 ( ) 39 155 9 7 3 ( ) 6 68 31 34

Wyoming ....................................... 9 1 4 3 ( ) 3 ( ) 3 13 1 1 3 ( ) 4 () 6 2 3

Women

United States ................................ 5,108 427 1,576 540 341 2,223 14,007 530 722 742 4,637 3,416 871 3,089

 

Alabama ....................................... 92 7 26 11 3 ( ) 48 202 10 13 3 ( ) 59 56 13 44

Alaska ........................................... 13 3 () 4 2 3 ( ) 6 32 2 3 3 ( ) 11 6 3 () 8

Arizona ......................................... 83 9 26 10 3 ( ) 39 216 8 6 13 57 65 15 52

Arkansas ....................................... 39 5 11 3 ( ) 4 ( ) 21 101 4 6 5 30 22 10 23

California ...................................... 537 60 155 72 2 247 1,637 112 91 88 505 401 74 366

Colorado ....................................... 77 7 31 3 ( ) 3 ( ) 35 212 7 3 ( ) 12 77 48 14 48

Connecticut ................................... 62 3 ( ) 21 9 8 20 197 3 ( ) 6 12 72 42 9 50

Delaware ...................................... 16 1 6 1 1 7 40 3 ( ) 1 3 13 9 4 8

District of Columbia ...................... 13 1 3 3 1 6 18 1 3 3 () 3 5 2 4

Florida ........................................... 282 18 64 25 55 119 651 33 34 51 159 167 41 165

Georgia ......................................... 140 20 44 9 3 64 315 11 18 13 88 75 26 84

Hawaii ........................................... 23 2 7 7 3 ( ) 7 66 4 9 3 ( ) 19 18 6 9

Idaho ............................................. 28 4 10 2 3 ( ) 11 83 4 6 3 ( ) 32 18 3 18

Illinois ............................................ 212 13 73 29 8 89 648 12 24 38 222 161 47 144

Indiana .......................................... 113 11 32 10 9 51 315 6 8 16 111 91 27 56

Iowa .............................................. 67 6 21 3 ( ) 6 32 180 5 7 3 ( ) 75 46 14 31

Kansas .......................................... 58 4 20 5 3 ( ) 27 158 3 () 5 3 ( ) 54 52 15 26

Kentucky ....................................... 74 5 21 3 ( ) 3 ( ) 43 179 7 11 3 ( ) 54 44 8 42

Louisiana ...................................... 79 8 27 5 3 ( ) 38 183 7 12 3 ( ) 47 56 9 45

Maine ............................................ 35 3 8 7 3 13 76 4 5 4 28 11 7 18

Maryland ....................................... 137 7 36 21 20 53 235 6 12 19 77 52 17 52

Massachusetts .............................. 124 8 32 37 8 39 422 10 15 28 169 104 26 70

Michigan ....................................... 162 14 62 7 7 71 610 17 33 27 226 157 38 111

Minnesota ..................................... 109 9 49 3 ( ) 3 ( ) 46 362 3 ( ) 13 3 ( ) 150 84 24 79

Mississippi .................................... 45 5 13 3 ( ) 3 ( ) 23 108 5 7 3 ( ) 19 31 10 31

Missouri ........................................ 101 3 ( ) 34 3 ( ) 3 ( ) 51 250 3 ( ) 11 20 78 67 22 47

Montana ........................................ 19 2 6 2 3 ( ) 8 63 4 5 3 ( ) 25 13 3 11

Nebraska ...................................... 34 2 13 2 3 ( ) 16 111 3 3 3 ( ) 41 34 6 22

Nevada ......................................... 25 2 7 3 3 ( ) 12 65 4 3 5 14 13 4 22

New Hampshire ............................ 24 1 7 4 2 9 88 2 3 5 36 20 5 18

New Jersey ................................... 163 7 45 26 26 60 416 13 19 28 135 96 26 98

New Mexico .................................. 26 2 8 4 3 ( ) 12 88 5 5 7 27 21 3 20

New York ...................................... 328 17 94 66 35 116 936 37 60 67 305 209 46 212

North Carolina .............................. 152 22 41 8 20 60 311 6 14 19 104 67 27 74

North Dakota ................................ 13 1 5 2 3 ( ) 5 43 3 () 3 3 ( ) 13 11 3 10

Ohio .............................................. 231 13 69 11 34 105 639 18 27 43 210 161 37 143

Oklahoma ..................................... 60 5 18 7 3 ( ) 31 158 6 6 10 48 37 12 39

Oregon .......................................... 56 8 17 6 3 ( ) 24 210 9 12 3 ( ) 75 40 10 60

Pennsylvania ................................ 227 17 79 16 32 84 697 29 49 43 257 149 42 128

Rhode Island ................................ 28 2 7 10 2 7 60 1 4 7 22 12 3 11

South Carolina .............................. 76 4 23 3 ( ) 11 35 177 5 9 10 49 38 18 48

South Dakota ................................ 17 1 6 2 3 ( ) 7 46 3 () 2 3 ( ) 13 15 5 9

Tennessee .................................... 105 12 32 3 ( ) 1 56 243 8 12 3 ( ) 72 68 18 56

Texas ............................................ 339 32 101 28 2 176 822 40 53 36 238 199 43 214

Utah .............................................. 32 3 ( ) 13 3 ( ) 3 ( ) 14 151 4 5 8 72 42 6 15

Vermont ........................................ 14 1 5 1 1 5 43 1 2 2 16 10 3 8

Virginia .......................................... 157 7 44 21 26 59 314 3 ( ) 17 3 ( ) 118 67 26 66

Washington ................................... 116 13 46 10 3 ( ) 47 367 14 22 10 140 88 14 79

See footnotes at end of table.

97
Table 20. States: Persons at work 1 to 34 hours by sex, race, reason for working less than 35 hours, and usual status, 1999 annual averages —

Continued

(In thousands)

Population group and State

Usually work full time Usually work part time

Total

Slack

work or

business

conditions

Vacation

or

personal

day

Holiday,

legal or

religious

Weatherrelated

curtailment

Other

reasons1Total

Slack

work or

business

conditions

Could

only find

part-time

work

Childcare

problems

Other

family or

personal

obligations

In

school

or

training

Retired

or Social

Security

limit on

earnings

Other

reasons2

Women–Continued

West Virginia ................................ 33 4 10 4 3 12 88 5 10 3 ( ) 28 19 5 18

Wisconsin ..................................... 99 8 40 3 ( ) 3 ( ) 49 333 12 10 3 ( ) 131 87 20 66

Wyoming ....................................... 9 1 3 3 ( ) 3 ( ) 5 31 1 2 3 ( ) 13 7 3 4

White

United States ................................ 8,431 840 2,824 767 693 3,307 18,534 838 867 672 4,617 5,487 1,829 4,223

 

Alabama ....................................... 124 10 44 11 3 ( ) 56 239 8 9 3 ( ) 54 82 31 50

Alaska ........................................... 23 3 () 8 3 3 ( ) 10 38 3 3 3 () 9 7 3 ( ) 12

Arizona ......................................... 146 23 48 13 3 ( ) 61 304 15 11 12 58 96 30 82

Arkansas ....................................... 62 8 20 3 ( ) 3 30 141 5 7 4 32 39 20 34

California ...................................... 940 144 286 106 20 384 2,177 201 126 80 492 609 138 531

Colorado ....................................... 156 14 59 3 ( ) 3 ( ) 70 317 13 3 ( ) 13 85 90 29 76

Connecticut ................................... 98 3 ( ) 34 14 11 31 261 3 ( ) 8 12 73 68 29 64

Delaware ...................................... 23 1 9 2 3 8 47 3 ( ) 1 3 12 13 7 9

District of Columbia ...................... 8 4 () 3 1 4 ( ) 3 13 4 () 1 3 () 2 5 1 4

Florida ........................................... 464 44 106 38 99 179 881 45 37 40 152 263 102 242

Georgia ......................................... 169 24 59 8 9 69 336 9 10 10 77 98 36 96

Hawaii ........................................... 12 2 4 3 3 ( ) 3 28 1 3 3 () 8 6 3 7

Idaho ............................................. 61 9 23 4 3 ( ) 24 117 6 8 3 ( ) 33 32 8 27

Illinois ............................................ 328 27 131 35 20 114 849 28 26 33 218 266 86 194

Indiana .......................................... 211 20 65 10 23 94 450 15 13 16 111 154 60 81

Iowa .............................................. 125 10 45 3 ( ) 14 52 263 7 10 3 ( ) 81 84 32 47

Kansas .......................................... 104 7 39 7 3 ( ) 45 233 3 () 8 3 ( ) 57 88 34 38

Kentucky ....................................... 138 16 42 3 ( ) 3 ( ) 67 264 14 18 3 ( ) 55 76 22 68

Louisiana ...................................... 99 10 33 7 3 ( ) 43 192 8 8 3 ( ) 43 71 15 44

Maine ............................................ 65 7 17 11 8 23 109 6 6 4 30 21 14 28

Maryland ....................................... 173 10 50 22 32 59 271 9 10 13 72 75 37 55

Massachusetts .............................. 226 15 63 61 14 73 564 17 23 28 175 163 59 98

Michigan ....................................... 266 28 111 9 16 103 792 26 36 23 218 271 74 144

Minnesota ..................................... 206 13 104 3 ( ) 3 ( ) 74 521 3 ( ) 17 3 ( ) 164 157 49 116

Mississippi .................................... 50 4 18 3 ( ) 3 ( ) 23 116 6 4 3 ( ) 17 38 15 32

Missouri ........................................ 192 3 ( ) 70 3 ( ) 3 ( ) 80 370 3 ( ) 11 19 80 136 45 70

Montana ........................................ 36 4 12 4 3 ( ) 15 91 6 8 3 ( ) 26 25 8 17

Nebraska ...................................... 59 4 22 4 3 ( ) 26 159 5 5 3 ( ) 42 58 14 32

Nevada ......................................... 45 7 14 5 3 ( ) 19 95 6 5 5 15 26 8 31

New Hampshire ............................ 44 3 13 7 4 16 127 3 3 6 40 34 11 30

New Jersey ................................... 259 12 79 39 43 87 533 16 18 26 132 154 54 132

New Mexico .................................. 44 5 14 6 3 ( ) 19 130 9 8 7 28 39 8 32

New York ...................................... 495 37 146 99 51 162 1,173 49 76 62 302 303 112 268

North Carolina .............................. 201 24 57 10 36 73 367 9 10 16 102 93 50 87

North Dakota ................................ 27 3 10 2 3 ( ) 10 61 3 () 4 3 ( ) 14 19 6 15

Ohio .............................................. 371 27 121 19 57 148 842 30 32 45 213 264 85 175

Oklahoma ..................................... 97 9 33 9 3 ( ) 43 210 7 9 10 48 60 26 50

Oregon .......................................... 120 16 39 9 3 ( ) 54 293 20 19 3 ( ) 78 61 20 91

Pennsylvania ................................ 394 35 143 24 56 136 960 41 60 41 264 274 104 178

Rhode Island ................................ 46 3 12 17 3 12 81 3 5 7 24 20 8 15

South Carolina .............................. 104 7 34 3 ( ) 17 42 199 6 4 7 42 59 29 53

South Dakota ................................ 29 2 11 3 3 ( ) 11 68 3 () 3 3 ( ) 14 25 8 15

Tennessee .................................... 176 20 59 3 ( ) 13 79 316 13 11 3 ( ) 70 99 39 78

Texas ............................................ 595 72 194 34 23 272 1,121 65 68 35 234 338 92 289

Utah .............................................. 69 3 ( ) 31 3 ( ) 3 ( ) 29 218 8 8 8 75 79 16 26

Vermont ........................................ 26 3 10 2 2 10 63 2 4 2 18 18 7 12

Virginia .......................................... 234 16 83 23 40 72 365 3 ( ) 14 3 ( ) 106 95 44 89

See footnotes at end of table.

98
Table 20. States: Persons at work 1 to 34 hours by sex, race, reason for working less than 35 hours, and usual status, 1999 annual averages —

Continued

(In thousands)

Population group and State

Usually work full time Usually work part time

Total

Slack

work or

business

conditions

Vacation

or

personal

day

Holiday,

legal or

religious

Weatherrelated

curtailment

Other

reasons1Total

Slack

work or

business

conditions

Could

only find

part-time

work

Childcare

problems

Other

family or

personal

obligations

In

school

or

training

Retired

or Social

Security

limit on

earnings

Other

reasons2

White–Continued

Washington ................................... 225 32 89 18 3 ( ) 84 506 26 31 9 141 140 36 124

West Virginia ................................ 60 8 18 6 7 21 123 8 17 3 ( ) 28 32 10 25

Wisconsin ..................................... 179 15 81 3 ( ) 3 ( ) 77 476 17 16 3 ( ) 137 148 51 98

Wyoming ....................................... 18 2 7 3 ( ) 3 ( ) 8 45 3 3 3 ( ) 13 12 5 7

Black

United States ................................ 1,227 135 292 142 107 551 2,029 163 269 89 235 619 150 504

 

Alabama ....................................... 53 8 9 6 3 ( ) 27 63 6 11 3 ( ) 9 20 3 12

Arizona ......................................... 5 4 () 1 2 3 ( ) 2 13 4 () 1 1 2 7 4 () 3

Arkansas ....................................... 16 4 2 3 ( ) 2 7 25 3 5 1 1 7 2 6

California ...................................... 79 8 24 15 1 31 137 15 14 4 17 45 9 32

Connecticut ................................... 15 3 ( ) 4 2 1 7 26 3 () 6 2 2 7 2 6

Delaware ...................................... 8 1 2 4 ( ) 1 3 10 3 () 1 4 () 2 4 1 2

District of Columbia ...................... 14 1 3 3 1 6 17 2 3 3 () 1 5 3 3

Florida ........................................... 82 7 16 8 19 32 128 15 17 12 13 39 6 26

Georgia ......................................... 87 12 20 8 5 41 144 13 14 4 18 43 14 38

Illinois ............................................ 52 5 12 9 2 25 100 6 16 5 11 26 9 26

Indiana .......................................... 17 3 5 3 4 ( ) 5 21 2 2 1 3 6 1 5

Iowa .............................................. 2 4 ( ) 4 ( ) 3 ( ) 4 () 1 5 4 () 1 3 ( ) 4 () 2 4 () 1

Kansas .......................................... 7 4 () 3 1 3 ( ) 3 11 3 () 1 3 () 1 5 1 3

Kentucky ....................................... 12 4 () 3 3 ( ) 3 ( ) 8 19 1 2 3 () 3 6 1 5

Louisiana ...................................... 44 7 12 3 3 ( ) 22 85 5 12 3 ( ) 6 27 4 28

Maryland ....................................... 64 4 15 14 7 24 88 5 11 5 8 24 11 23

Massachusetts .............................. 10 1 2 3 4 ( ) 4 24 2 4 1 3 8 1 5

Michigan ....................................... 50 5 15 4 2 24 94 8 14 6 16 28 5 18

Minnesota ..................................... 5 4 () 1 3 ( ) 3 ( ) 3 12 3 () 2 3 ( ) 4 () 6 4 () 3

Mississippi .................................... 35 7 8 3 ( ) 3 ( ) 16 53 2 9 3 ( ) 2 18 3 16

Missouri ........................................ 16 3 () 4 3 ( ) 3 ( ) 8 29 3 ( ) 10 1 3 4 3 5

Nebraska ...................................... 3 4 () 1 4 ( ) 3 () 1 6 1 4 ( ) 3 () 1 2 4 () 1

Nevada ......................................... 3 4 ( ) 4 ( ) 4 ( ) 3 () 2 5 1 1 4 ( ) 4 () 2 4 () 1

New Jersey ................................... 41 2 10 5 5 18 77 8 15 2 9 22 3 19

New York ...................................... 80 8 23 12 6 31 170 17 24 9 19 55 5 42

North Carolina .............................. 80 16 16 3 15 30 97 5 11 3 7 34 11 26

Ohio .............................................. 56 5 19 1 4 27 92 4 10 3 10 30 8 27

Oklahoma ..................................... 9 2 3 4 ( ) 3 ( ) 4 19 2 1 4 () 3 6 2 4

Oregon .......................................... 2 4 ( ) 4 ( ) 4 ( ) 3 () 2 6 4 () 1 3 () 1 4 () 1 1

Pennsylvania ................................ 37 1 7 5 7 17 63 8 10 2 6 16 6 13

Rhode Island ................................ 2 4 ( ) 4 () 1 4 () 1 3 4 () 1 4 () 1 1 4 ( ) 4 ( )

South Carolina .............................. 39 3 7 3 ( ) 9 18 68 4 9 3 9 22 5 15

Tennessee .................................... 31 4 7 3 ( ) 2 15 50 3 3 3 ( ) 7 15 3 16

Texas ............................................ 76 8 14 9 1 44 137 10 12 1 18 37 14 45

See footnotes at end of table.

99
Table 20. States: Persons at work 1 to 34 hours by sex, race, reason for working less than 35 hours, and usual status, 1999 annual averages —

Continued

(In thousands)

Population group and State

Usually work full time Usually work part time

Total

Slack

work or

business

conditions

Vacation

or

personal

day

Holiday,

legal or

religious

Weatherrelated

curtailment

Other

reasons1Total

Slack

work or

business

conditions

Could

only find

part-time

work

Childcare

problems

Other

family or

personal

obligations

In

school

or

training

Retired

or Social

Security

limit on

earnings

Other

reasons2

Black–Continued

Virginia .......................................... 62 4 14 10 11 23 81 3 ( ) 11 3 ( ) 14 25 8 15

Washington ................................... 7 1 2 4 ( ) 3 () 4 8 4 ( ) 4 () 2 1 2 1 2

West Virginia ................................ 3 1 1 4 ( ) 4 () 1 7 2 1 3 () 1 2 4 () 1

Wisconsin ..................................... 13 1 2 3 ( ) 3 ( ) 9 20 3 1 3 () 2 5 4 () 8

Hispanic origin

United States ................................ 984 183 199 88 87 427 1,829 221 189 97 309 529 64 420

 

Arizona ......................................... 36 8 7 3 3 ( ) 17 67 7 3 5 8 22 5 16

Arkansas ....................................... 2 4 ( ) 4 ( ) 3 ( ) 4 () 1 3 1 1 4 ( ) 4 ( ) 4 ( ) 4 () 1

California ...................................... 307 74 60 30 14 130 597 105 59 27 102 169 14 121

Colorado ....................................... 20 3 5 3 ( ) 3 ( ) 10 35 2 3 ( ) 1 7 11 1 9

Connecticut ................................... 9 3 () 2 1 4 ( ) 5 22 3 () 2 1 2 9 4 () 6

Delaware ...................................... 2 4 ( ) 4 ( ) 4 ( ) 4 () 1 2 3 ( ) 4 ( ) 4 ( ) 4 () 1 4 () 1

District of Columbia ...................... 1 4 ( ) 4 ( ) 4 ( ) 4 () 1 3 4 () 1 3 () 1 1 4 () 1

Florida ........................................... 106 14 14 7 29 41 150 19 16 8 22 38 10 39

Georgia ......................................... 6 1 1 4 ( ) 1 3 16 1 3 1 3 5 4 () 3

Hawaii ........................................... 2 4 ( ) 4 () 1 3 () 1 2 4 () 1 3 () 1 4 ( ) 4 ( ) 4 ( )

Idaho ............................................. 5 1 2 4 ( ) 3 () 2 8 1 1 3 () 1 2 4 () 2

Illinois ............................................ 32 5 7 4 3 13 59 4 4 5 13 18 4 ( ) 15

Indiana .......................................... 4 4 () 1 4 ( ) 1 1 12 1 4 () 1 1 7 1 1

Iowa .............................................. 3 4 () 1 3 ( ) 4 () 2 4 4 () 1 3 () 1 1 4 () 1

Kansas .......................................... 5 1 1 4 ( ) 3 ( ) 2 10 3 () 1 3 () 2 5 2 1

Maryland ....................................... 13 2 3 1 1 5 20 2 4 2 2 4 2 4

Massachusetts .............................. 11 1 1 3 1 4 25 1 4 1 4 8 1 6

Michigan ....................................... 9 1 4 4 ( ) 1 3 20 2 2 1 5 8 1 2

Montana ........................................ 1 4 ( ) 4 ( ) 4 ( ) 3 ( ) 4 () 2 4 ( ) 4 ( ) 3 () 1 4 ( ) 4 ( ) 4 ( )

Nebraska ...................................... 2 4 ( ) 4 ( ) 4 ( ) 3 () 2 5 1 1 3 ( ) 4 () 2 4 () 1

Nevada ......................................... 9 2 2 1 3 ( ) 4 12 2 2 1 1 4 4 () 3

New Jersey ................................... 33 3 3 7 5 15 44 4 3 2 5 16 1 12

New Mexico .................................. 18 3 5 3 3 ( ) 7 56 5 4 4 12 19 2 11

New York ...................................... 66 7 13 10 8 28 144 15 22 12 25 37 1 32

North Carolina .............................. 7 1 2 4 () 3 1 7 1 4 () 1 2 2 4 () 1

Ohio .............................................. 6 1 1 1 4 ( ) 3 15 2 4 ( ) 4 () 2 5 2 2

Oklahoma ..................................... 2 4 ( ) 4 ( ) 4 ( ) 3 () 1 7 1 1 4 () 1 2 4 () 1

Oregon .......................................... 8 3 1 1 3 ( ) 4 11 2 2 3 () 2 1 1 3

Pennsylvania ................................ 8 2 2 4 ( ) 4 ( ) 3 16 1 2 2 4 3 4 () 4

Rhode Island ................................ 2 4 () 1 4 ( ) 4 () 1 3 4 ( ) 4 ( ) 4 () 1 4 ( ) 4 () 1

Texas ............................................ 206 41 45 11 13 97 381 36 41 17 60 110 15 102

Utah .............................................. 4 3 () 2 3 ( ) 3 () 2 9 1 1 4 () 3 2 4 () 2

See footnotes at end of table.

100
Table 20. States: Persons at work 1 to 34 hours by sex, race, reason for working less than 35 hours, and usual status, 1999 annual averages —

Continued

(In thousands)

Population group and State

Usually work full time Usually work part time

Total

Slack

work or

business

conditions

Vacation

or

personal

day

Holiday,

legal or

religious

Weatherrelated

curtailment

Other

reasons1Total

Slack

work or

business

conditions

Could

only find

part-time

work

Childcare

problems

Other

family or

personal

obligations

In

school

or

training

Retired

or Social

Security

limit on

earnings

Other

reasons2

Hispanic origin–Continued

Virginia .......................................... 8 1 4 1 1 1 13 3 () 1 3 () 1 5 1 4

Washington ................................... 10 2 4 1 3 ( ) 3 12 1 4 () 1 4 4 4 () 2

Wyoming ....................................... 1 4 ( ) 4 ( ) 3 ( ) 3 ( ) 4 () 2 4 ( ) 4 ( ) 3 ( ) 4 () 1 4 ( ) 4 ( )

1 Includes seasonal work, job started or ended, own illness, child-care problems,

other family or personal obligations, labor dispute, in school or training, civic or military

duty, and all other reasons. 2 Includes seasonal work, health and medical limitations, full-time workweek less

than 35 hours, and all other reasons. 3 Data are not shown when the labor force base does not meet BLS publication

standards of reliability for the particular area, based on the sample in that area. See

appendix B. 4 Less than 500 persons.

 NOTE: Data for demographic groups are not shown when they do not meet BLS

publication standards of reliability for the particular area based on the sample in that

area. See appendix B. Items may not add to totals because of rounding. Detail for

race and Hispanic-origin groups will not add to totals because data for the "other

races" group are not presented and Hispanics are included in both the white and black

population groups. The estimates shown in this table for whites, blacks, and persons

of Hispanic-origin who usually work part time may include a small number of persons

at work 35 hours or more in the reference week. Levels incorporate updated 1990

census-based population controls. Because of separate processing and weighting

procedures, totals for the United States differ from the results obtained by aggregating

the totals for States.

101
Table 21. States: Employed persons with a job but not at work by reason, 1999 annual averages

(Numbers in thousands)

State Total Vacation Child-care

problems1 Own illness Other reasons2

United States ................................ 5,407 2,899 593 1,096 819

 

Alabama ....................................... 66 31 6 18 12

Alaska ........................................... 20 11 2 2 5

Arizona ......................................... 90 47 10 17 15

Arkansas ....................................... 46 25 5 9 7

California ...................................... 593 316 74 118 84

Colorado ....................................... 100 60 11 14 15

Connecticut ................................... 79 49 6 13 11

Delaware ...................................... 16 9141

District of Columbia ...................... 94122

Florida ........................................... 256 131 39 50 36

Georgia ......................................... 158 82 20 35 21

Hawaii ........................................... 26 13 2 7 3

Idaho ............................................. 25 13 3 3 6

Illinois ............................................ 258 147 22 51 38

Indiana .......................................... 121 58 13 28 23

Iowa .............................................. 70 36 10 12 13

Kansas .......................................... 51 26 7 8 10

Kentucky ....................................... 83 37 7 25 15

Louisiana ...................................... 70 34 4 20 12

Maine ............................................ 29 15 3 6 5

Maryland ....................................... 102 55 8 21 18

Massachusetts .............................. 134 80 13 24 16

Michigan ....................................... 221 119 24 46 32

Minnesota ..................................... 112 66 13 15 18

Mississippi .................................... 48 25 5 9 9

Missouri ........................................ 113 53 21 22 16

Montana ........................................ 21 11 2 3 5

Nebraska ...................................... 34 17 4 6 7

Nevada ......................................... 33 18 4 7 4

New Hampshire ............................ 28 16 3 6 3

New Jersey ................................... 158 86 18 32 21

New Mexico .................................. 32 17 5 5 6

New York ...................................... 356 210 35 69 42

North Carolina .............................. 128 61 15 29 22

North Dakota ................................ 14 7123

Ohio .............................................. 271 137 33 60 40

Oklahoma ..................................... 59 31 6 11 12

Oregon .......................................... 67 35 7 14 12

Pennsylvania ................................ 250 138 21 57 34

Rhode Island ................................ 27 15 2 7 3

South Carolina .............................. 72 34 5 22 12

South Dakota ................................ 17 8125

Tennessee .................................... 102 48 11 21 21

Texas ............................................ 353 197 37 75 43

Utah .............................................. 35 19 4 5 8

Vermont ........................................ 16 9123

Virginia .......................................... 121 68 15 20 18

Washington ................................... 145 76 16 27 26

West Virginia ................................ 41 19 4 12 6

Wisconsin ..................................... 120 69 10 20 21

Wyoming ....................................... 12 6122

1 Includes maternity or paternity leave and other family

obligations. 2 Includes labor dispute, bad weather, in school or training, civic

or military duty, and all other reasons.

 NOTE: Items may not add to totals because of rounding. Levels

incorporate updated 1990 census-based population controls. 

Because of separate processing and weighting procedures, totals

for the United States differ from the results obtained by aggregating

the totals for States.
Table 22. States: Percent distribution of unemployed persons by sex, age, race, Hispanic origin, and reason

for unemployment, 1999 annual averages

Population group and State

Total unemployed Job losers and persons who

completed temporary jobs1

Job leavers Reentrants New entrants Number

(In thousands)

Percent Total On temporary

layoff

TOTAL

United States ................................ 5,880 100.0 44.6 14.4 13.3 34.1 8.0

 

Alabama ....................................... 102 100.0 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

Alaska ........................................... 20 100.0 59.3 27.9 2 ( ) 29.4 2 ( )

Arizona ......................................... 104 100.0 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

Arkansas ....................................... 55 100.0 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

California ...................................... 864 100.0 49.2 14.6 9.7 32.6 8.5

Delaware ...................................... 14 100.0 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

District of Columbia ...................... 18 100.0 40.5 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 45.2 2 ( )

Florida ........................................... 284 100.0 43.2 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 32.8 2 ( )

Georgia ......................................... 163 100.0 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

Hawaii ........................................... 33 100.0 46.3 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

Idaho ............................................. 34 100.0 49.9 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

Illinois ............................................ 274 100.0 45.6 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 33.1 2 ( )

Kentucky ....................................... 88 100.0 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

Louisiana ...................................... 104 100.0 43.1 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

Maine ............................................ 28 100.0 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

Maryland ....................................... 98 100.0 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

Massachusetts .............................. 105 100.0 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

Michigan ....................................... 194 100.0 47.1 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 34.3 2 ( )

Mississippi .................................... 65 100.0 42.2 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

Missouri ........................................ 96 100.0 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

Montana ........................................ 25 100.0 46.9 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

Nevada ......................................... 42 100.0 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

New Jersey ................................... 193 100.0 52.9 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 29.2 2 ( )

New Mexico .................................. 46 100.0 39.5 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 41.4 2 ( )

New York ...................................... 459 100.0 45.1 13.2 11.4 35.2 8.4

North Carolina .............................. 122 100.0 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

North Dakota ................................ 11 100.0 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

Ohio .............................................. 246 100.0 42.6 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 36.4 2 ( )

Oklahoma ..................................... 57 100.0 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

Oregon .......................................... 100 100.0 43.4 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 38.0 2 ( )

Pennsylvania ................................ 262 100.0 49.0 19.2 2 ( ) 31.3 2 ( )

Rhode Island ................................ 21 100.0 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

South Carolina .............................. 88 100.0 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

Tennessee .................................... 114 100.0 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

Texas ............................................ 472 100.0 40.5 2 ( ) 15.2 35.4 2 ( )

Utah .............................................. 40 100.0 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

Washington ................................... 145 100.0 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

West Virginia ................................ 54 100.0 45.1 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 32.1 2 ( )

Wyoming ....................................... 13 100.0 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

Men

United States ................................ 3,066 100.0 51.0 16.7 12.7 29.2 7.1

 

Alabama ....................................... 51 100.0 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

Alaska ........................................... 12 100.0 69.9 35.7 2 ( ) 21.4 2 ( )

California ...................................... 461 100.0 54.1 15.8 10.6 28.2 7.2

District of Columbia ...................... 8 100.0 49.1 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 41.4 2 ( )

Florida ........................................... 138 100.0 47.3 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 29.9 2 ( )

Hawaii ........................................... 20 100.0 53.5 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

Idaho ............................................. 19 100.0 58.9 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

Illinois ............................................ 143 100.0 54.1 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 27.4 2 ( )

Kentucky ....................................... 48 100.0 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

Louisiana ...................................... 48 100.0 52.9 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

Michigan ....................................... 102 100.0 58.1 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 26.7 2 ( )

Mississippi .................................... 33 100.0 55.7 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

Montana ........................................ 13 100.0 52.7 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

Nevada ......................................... 23 100.0 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 22. States: Percent distribution of unemployed persons by sex, age, race, Hispanic origin, and reason

for unemployment, 1999 annual averages — Continued

Population group and State

Total unemployed Job losers and persons who

completed temporary jobs1

Job leavers Reentrants New entrants Number

(In thousands)

Percent Total On temporary

layoff

Men–Continued

New Jersey ................................... 99 100.0 58.7 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 26.5 2 ( )

New Mexico .................................. 25 100.0 47.9 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 36.2 2 ( )

New York ...................................... 246 100.0 52.0 15.4 12.0 30.1 5.9

Ohio .............................................. 130 100.0 51.6 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 33.0 2 ( )

Oregon .......................................... 53 100.0 49.0 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 34.6 2 ( )

Pennsylvania ................................ 143 100.0 55.5 21.4 2 ( ) 25.3 2 ( )

Texas ............................................ 238 100.0 45.4 2 ( ) 15.0 31.9 2 ( )

Washington ................................... 76 100.0 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

West Virginia ................................ 31 100.0 55.3 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 22.9 2 ( )

Wyoming ....................................... 7 100.0 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

Women

United States ................................ 2,814 100.0 37.6 11.9 14.0 39.5 8.9

 

Alabama ....................................... 51 100.0 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

Alaska ........................................... 8 100.0 43.6 16.4 2 ( ) 41.1 2 ( )

Arizona ......................................... 54 100.0 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

California ...................................... 404 100.0 43.6 13.1 8.7 37.7 10.0

District of Columbia ...................... 10 100.0 34.0 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 48.1 2 ( )

Florida ........................................... 146 100.0 39.3 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 35.5 2 ( )

Georgia ......................................... 93 100.0 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

Idaho ............................................. 15 100.0 38.0 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

Illinois ............................................ 130 100.0 36.4 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 39.4 2 ( )

Louisiana ...................................... 56 100.0 34.6 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

Michigan ....................................... 92 100.0 34.9 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 42.7 2 ( )

Mississippi .................................... 31 100.0 27.9 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

Montana ........................................ 11 100.0 40.0 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

New Jersey ................................... 95 100.0 46.9 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 32.0 2 ( )

New Mexico .................................. 20 100.0 29.0 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 48.0 2 ( )

New York ...................................... 213 100.0 37.1 10.7 10.6 41.0 11.3

Ohio .............................................. 116 100.0 32.6 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 40.3 2 ( )

Oregon .......................................... 47 100.0 37.1 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 41.8 2 ( )

Pennsylvania ................................ 119 100.0 41.1 16.7 2 ( ) 38.6 2 ( )

Texas ............................................ 233 100.0 35.4 2 ( ) 15.5 39.1 2 ( )

West Virginia ................................ 23 100.0 30.9 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 44.9 2 ( )

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

United States ................................ 1,162 100.0 14.9 5.4 9.8 47.1 28.2

 

California ...................................... 139 100.0 17.1 5.2 6.4 41.7 34.8

Florida ........................................... 55 100.0 12.3 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 45.8 2 ( )

Illinois ............................................ 54 100.0 12.3 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 50.0 2 ( )

New York ...................................... 70 100.0 14.3 5.3 7.5 47.1 31.2

Ohio .............................................. 55 100.0 11.9 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 53.2 2 ( )

Pennsylvania ................................ 55 100.0 14.3 9.6 2 ( ) 43.8 2 ( )

Texas ............................................ 107 100.0 16.2 2 ( ) 9.0 43.9 2 ( )

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 22. States: Percent distribution of unemployed persons by sex, age, race, Hispanic origin, and reason

for unemployment, 1999 annual averages — Continued

Population group and State

Total unemployed Job losers and persons who

completed temporary jobs1

Job leavers Reentrants New entrants Number

(In thousands)

Percent Total On temporary

layoff

White

United States ................................ 4,273 100.0 46.1 16.4 14.4 32.4 7.1

 

Alabama ....................................... 54 100.0 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

Alaska ........................................... 13 100.0 62.7 31.1 2 ( ) 25.3 2 ( )

Arizona ......................................... 93 100.0 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

Arkansas ....................................... 34 100.0 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

California ...................................... 683 100.0 51.4 16.1 10.0 31.1 7.4

Florida ........................................... 192 100.0 44.9 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 32.0 2 ( )

Idaho ............................................. 33 100.0 50.2 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

Illinois ............................................ 181 100.0 49.4 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 27.6 2 ( )

Kentucky ....................................... 76 100.0 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

Louisiana ...................................... 48 100.0 47.8 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

Maine ............................................ 26 100.0 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

Massachusetts .............................. 88 100.0 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

Michigan ....................................... 147 100.0 47.1 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 33.0 2 ( )

Montana ........................................ 21 100.0 46.9 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

Nevada ......................................... 34 100.0 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

New Jersey ................................... 127 100.0 57.2 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 24.7 2 ( )

New Mexico .................................. 38 100.0 37.5 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 42.6 2 ( )

New York ...................................... 298 100.0 46.8 15.7 13.1 34.4 5.7

Ohio .............................................. 196 100.0 43.9 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 34.1 2 ( )

Oregon .......................................... 93 100.0 43.1 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 38.4 2 ( )

Pennsylvania ................................ 217 100.0 48.8 20.1 2 ( ) 31.0 2 ( )

Rhode Island ................................ 17 100.0 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

Tennessee .................................... 79 100.0 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

Texas ............................................ 380 100.0 40.2 2 ( ) 15.8 35.1 2 ( )

Utah .............................................. 39 100.0 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

Washington ................................... 131 100.0 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

West Virginia ................................ 50 100.0 47.8 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 29.9 2 ( )

Wyoming ....................................... 12 100.0 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

Black

United States ................................ 1,309 100.0 40.4 8.5 10.2 39.4 10.0

 

California ...................................... 88 100.0 40.1 6.3 8.8 40.1 11.0

District of Columbia ...................... 15 100.0 39.0 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 47.6 2 ( )

Florida ........................................... 86 100.0 40.5 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 34.5 2 ( )

Georgia ......................................... 100 100.0 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

Illinois ............................................ 86 100.0 37.7 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 43.6 2 ( )

Louisiana ...................................... 55 100.0 38.9 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

Mississippi .................................... 40 100.0 36.8 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

New Jersey ................................... 58 100.0 47.1 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 37.3 2 ( )

New York ...................................... 140 100.0 42.3 8.7 7.3 37.0 13.4

Texas ............................................ 79 100.0 42.4 2 ( ) 11.8 36.7 2 ( )

Hispanic origin

United States ................................ 945 100.0 47.0 16.4 9.7 33.5 9.8

 

California ...................................... 319 100.0 53.9 20.6 5.8 31.4 9.0

Florida ........................................... 70 100.0 50.0 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 28.9 2 ( )

New Mexico .................................. 24 100.0 40.8 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 39.0 2 ( )

New York ...................................... 97 100.0 42.0 9.6 7.0 43.0 8.0

Texas ............................................ 183 100.0 39.6 2 ( ) 11.5 36.5 2 ( )

1 Formerly called "job losers". 2 Data are not shown when the labor force base does not meet BLS

publication standards of reliability for the particular area, based on the

sample in that area. See appendix B.

 NOTE: Data for demographic groups are not shown when they do

not meet BLS publication standards of reliability for the particular area

based on the sample in that area. See appendix B. Items may not add

to totals because of rounding. Detail for race and Hispanic-origin

groups will not add to totals because data for the "other races" group

are not presented and Hispanics are included in both the white and

black population groups. Levels incorporate updated 1990

census-based population controls. Because of separate processing

and weighting procedures, totals for the United States differ from the

results obtained by aggregating the totals for States.
Table 23. States: Percent distribution of unemployed persons by sex, age, race, Hispanic origin, and duration of

unemployment, 1999 annual averages

Population group and State

Total unemployed

Less than

5 weeks

5 to 14

weeks

15 weeks and over

Number

(In thousands)

Percent Total 15 to 26

weeks

27 weeks and over

Total 27 to 51

weeks

52 weeks

and over

TOTAL

United States ................................ 5,880 100.0 43.7 31.2 25.2 12.8 12.3 5.5 6.8

 

Alabama ....................................... 102 100.0 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( )

Alaska ........................................... 20 100.0 42.1 36.5 21.4 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( )

Arizona ......................................... 104 100.0 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( )

Arkansas ....................................... 55 100.0 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( )

California ...................................... 864 100.0 41.5 30.8 27.7 13.5 14.2 1 ( ) 7.7

Delaware ...................................... 14 100.0 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( )

District of Columbia ...................... 18 100.0 29.4 28.3 42.3 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( )

Florida ........................................... 284 100.0 46.4 31.2 22.4 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( )

Georgia ......................................... 163 100.0 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( )

Hawaii ........................................... 33 100.0 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( )

Idaho ............................................. 34 100.0 52.0 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( )

Illinois ............................................ 274 100.0 39.6 33.0 27.4 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( )

Kentucky ....................................... 88 100.0 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( )

Louisiana ...................................... 104 100.0 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( )

Maine ............................................ 28 100.0 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( )

Maryland ....................................... 98 100.0 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( )

Massachusetts .............................. 105 100.0 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( )

Michigan ....................................... 194 100.0 51.7 31.9 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( )

Mississippi .................................... 65 100.0 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( )

Missouri ........................................ 96 100.0 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( )

Montana ........................................ 25 100.0 45.1 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( )

Nevada ......................................... 42 100.0 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( )

New Jersey ................................... 193 100.0 35.7 31.1 33.3 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( )

New Mexico .................................. 46 100.0 45.7 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( )

New York ...................................... 459 100.0 34.1 29.6 36.3 17.0 19.3 1 ( ) 11.8

North Carolina .............................. 122 100.0 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( )

North Dakota ................................ 11 100.0 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( )

Ohio .............................................. 246 100.0 45.2 31.3 23.5 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( )

Oklahoma ..................................... 57 100.0 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( )

Oregon .......................................... 100 100.0 46.7 33.8 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( )

Pennsylvania ................................ 262 100.0 39.7 32.7 27.6 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( )

Rhode Island ................................ 21 100.0 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( )

South Carolina .............................. 88 100.0 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( )

Tennessee .................................... 114 100.0 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( )

Texas ............................................ 472 100.0 48.0 29.8 22.2 13.1 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( )

Utah .............................................. 40 100.0 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( )

Washington ................................... 145 100.0 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( )

West Virginia ................................ 54 100.0 36.2 31.9 31.9 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( )

Wyoming ....................................... 13 100.0 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( )

Men

United States ................................ 3,066 100.0 42.7 31.2 26.1 13.1 13.0 5.6 7.4

 

Alabama ....................................... 51 100.0 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( )

Alaska ........................................... 12 100.0 39.6 37.6 22.8 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( )

California ...................................... 461 100.0 40.3 31.0 28.7 14.0 14.7 1 ( ) 8.7

District of Columbia ...................... 8 100.0 30.4 25.2 44.5 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( )

Florida ........................................... 138 100.0 47.6 30.9 21.5 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( )

Hawaii ........................................... 20 100.0 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( )

Idaho ............................................. 19 100.0 46.7 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( )

Illinois ............................................ 143 100.0 36.6 31.9 31.5 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( )

Kentucky ....................................... 48 100.0 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( )

Louisiana ...................................... 48 100.0 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( )

Michigan ....................................... 102 100.0 50.7 32.3 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( )

Mississippi .................................... 33 100.0 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( )

Montana ........................................ 13 100.0 44.2 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( )

Nevada ......................................... 23 100.0 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( )

New Jersey ................................... 99 100.0 32.3 32.7 35.1 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( )

New Mexico .................................. 25 100.0 45.2 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( )

New York ...................................... 246 100.0 31.6 29.2 39.1 18.2 20.9 1 ( ) 11.9

Ohio .............................................. 130 100.0 46.0 32.6 21.3 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( )

Oregon .......................................... 53 100.0 46.9 31.7 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( )

Pennsylvania ................................ 143 100.0 37.6 33.4 28.9 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( )

Texas ............................................ 238 100.0 48.9 29.6 21.5 13.3 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( )

Washington ................................... 76 100.0 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( )

West Virginia ................................ 31 100.0 32.8 33.0 34.2 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( )

Wyoming ....................................... 7 100.0 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( )

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 23. States: Percent distribution of unemployed persons by sex, age, race, Hispanic origin, and duration of

unemployment, 1999 annual averages — Continued

Population group and State

Total unemployed

Less than

5 weeks

5 to 14

weeks

15 weeks and over

Number

(In thousands)

Percent Total 15 to 26

weeks

27 weeks and over

Total 27 to 51

weeks

52 weeks

and over

Women

United States ................................ 2,814 100.0 44.7 31.1 24.2 12.6 11.6 5.4 6.2

 

Alabama ....................................... 51 100.0 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( )

Alaska ........................................... 8 100.0 45.6 35.0 19.4 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( )

Arizona ......................................... 54 100.0 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( )

California ...................................... 404 100.0 42.9 30.5 26.6 13.0 13.6 1 ( ) 6.7

District of Columbia ...................... 10 100.0 28.6 30.7 40.7 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( )

Florida ........................................... 146 100.0 45.2 31.6 23.3 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( )

Georgia ......................................... 93 100.0 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( )

Idaho ............................................. 15 100.0 58.9 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( )

Illinois ............................................ 130 100.0 42.9 34.3 22.8 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( )

Louisiana ...................................... 56 100.0 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( )

Michigan ....................................... 92 100.0 52.9 31.5 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( )

Mississippi .................................... 31 100.0 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( )

Montana ........................................ 11 100.0 46.2 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( )

New Jersey ................................... 95 100.0 39.2 29.4 31.4 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( )

New Mexico .................................. 20 100.0 46.5 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( )

New York ...................................... 213 100.0 36.9 30.1 33.0 15.5 17.5 1 ( ) 11.6

Ohio .............................................. 116 100.0 44.3 29.8 25.9 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( )

Oregon .......................................... 47 100.0 46.5 36.2 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( )

Pennsylvania ................................ 119 100.0 42.1 31.8 26.1 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( )

Texas ............................................ 233 100.0 47.1 30.0 23.0 12.8 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( )

West Virginia ................................ 23 100.0 40.9 30.3 28.7 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( )

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

United States ................................ 1,162 100.0 53.1 32.2 14.7 8.5 6.2 3.2 3.0

 

California ...................................... 139 100.0 48.6 32.3 19.0 10.2 8.8 1 ( ) 3.5

Florida ........................................... 55 100.0 53.5 32.9 13.6 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( )

Illinois ............................................ 54 100.0 53.3 34.7 12.0 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( )

New York ...................................... 70 100.0 45.2 33.2 21.6 11.8 9.7 1 ( ) 6.4

Ohio .............................................. 55 100.0 52.8 31.8 15.3 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( )

Pennsylvania ................................ 55 100.0 45.8 38.6 15.6 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( )

Texas ............................................ 107 100.0 57.0 29.8 13.2 7.7 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( )

White

United States ................................ 4,273 100.0 46.3 31.0 22.8 12.2 10.6 4.9 5.7

 

Alabama ....................................... 54 100.0 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( )

Alaska ........................................... 13 100.0 39.2 36.8 24.0 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( )

Arizona ......................................... 93 100.0 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( )

Arkansas ....................................... 34 100.0 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( )

California ...................................... 683 100.0 43.7 30.7 25.7 12.9 12.8 1 ( ) 6.7

Florida ........................................... 192 100.0 49.6 30.2 20.2 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( )

Idaho ............................................. 33 100.0 51.0 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( )

Illinois ............................................ 181 100.0 43.5 32.7 23.8 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( )

Kentucky ....................................... 76 100.0 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( )

Louisiana ...................................... 48 100.0 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( )

Maine ............................................ 26 100.0 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( )

Massachusetts .............................. 88 100.0 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( )

Michigan ....................................... 147 100.0 52.8 32.8 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( )

Montana ........................................ 21 100.0 44.4 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( )

Nevada ......................................... 34 100.0 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( )

New Jersey ................................... 127 100.0 37.6 30.5 31.8 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( )

New Mexico .................................. 38 100.0 46.4 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( )

New York ...................................... 298 100.0 37.9 30.8 31.3 16.2 15.1 1 ( ) 9.8

Ohio .............................................. 196 100.0 46.0 32.2 21.7 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( )

Oregon .......................................... 93 100.0 47.3 33.5 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( )

Pennsylvania ................................ 217 100.0 42.1 32.5 25.5 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( )

Rhode Island ................................ 17 100.0 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( )

Tennessee .................................... 79 100.0 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( )

Texas ............................................ 380 100.0 49.7 29.9 20.4 12.9 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( )

Utah .............................................. 39 100.0 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( )

Washington ................................... 131 100.0 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( )

West Virginia ................................ 50 100.0 36.7 32.7 30.6 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( )

Wyoming ....................................... 12 100.0 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( )

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 23. States: Percent distribution of unemployed persons by sex, age, race, Hispanic origin, and duration of

unemployment, 1999 annual averages — Continued

Population group and State

Total unemployed

Less than

5 weeks

5 to 14

weeks

15 weeks and over

Number

(In thousands)

Percent Total 15 to 26

weeks

27 weeks and over

Total 27 to 51

weeks

52 weeks

and over

Black

United States ................................ 1,309 100.0 35.7 31.5 32.8 14.9 17.9 7.7 10.3

 

California ...................................... 88 100.0 26.9 31.0 42.1 19.7 22.4 1 ( ) 12.2

District of Columbia ...................... 15 100.0 25.2 29.0 45.8 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( )

Florida ........................................... 86 100.0 39.3 32.6 28.0 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( )

Georgia ......................................... 100 100.0 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( )

Illinois ............................................ 86 100.0 31.7 32.9 35.4 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( )

Louisiana ...................................... 55 100.0 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( )

Mississippi .................................... 40 100.0 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( )

New Jersey ................................... 58 100.0 32.7 30.9 36.5 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( )

New York ...................................... 140 100.0 25.5 27.2 47.3 18.8 28.5 1 ( ) 15.5

Texas ............................................ 79 100.0 40.1 28.8 31.1 13.3 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( )

Hispanic origin

United States ................................ 945 100.0 45.1 31.3 23.6 12.7 10.9 4.7 6.2

 

California ...................................... 319 100.0 45.4 32.7 21.9 12.3 9.7 1 ( ) 4.8

Florida ........................................... 70 100.0 46.6 30.6 22.9 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( )

New Mexico .................................. 24 100.0 43.7 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( )

New York ...................................... 97 100.0 30.1 26.1 43.8 19.2 24.6 1 ( ) 17.6

Texas ............................................ 183 100.0 51.1 28.8 20.1 13.0 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( )

1 Data are not shown when the labor force base does not meet BLS

publication standards of reliability for the particular area, based on the

sample in that area. See appendix B.

 NOTE: Data for demographic groups are not shown when they do

not meet BLS publication standards of reliability for the particular area

based on the sample in that area. See appendix B. Items may not

add to totals because of rounding. Detail for race and Hispanic-origin

groups will not add to totals because data for the "other races" group

are not presented and Hispanics are included in both the white and

black population groups. Levels incorporate updated 1990

census-based population controls. Because of separate processing

and weighting procedures, totals for the United States differ from the

results obtained by aggregating the totals for States.
109

Section lll. Estimates for Metropolitan

Areas and Cities

Labor force, employment, and unemployment levels from the

CPS for metropolitan areas and cities usually shown in tables 24

through 28 are not provided because updated population controls are not available. As a consequence, only rates, ratios, and

percent distributions are published and the usual table formats

and sequence have been altered. Unemployment rates shown in

table 24 may differ from the estimates produced through the LAUS

program.
Table 24. Selected metropolitan areas and cities: Civilian labor force participation rates,

employment-population ratios, and unemployment rates by sex, age, race, and Hispanic origin,

1999 annual averages

Area and population group

Civilian labor

force

participation

rates

Employmentpopulation ratio

Unemployment

Rate Error range of rate1

Atlanta MSA

Total ................................................................................ 74.2 71.7 3.3 2.8 - 3.8

 Men ................................................................................ 80.2 77.9 2.8 2.1 - 3.5

 Women .......................................................................... 68.5 65.9 3.8 3.0 - 4.6

 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................ 45.8 40.6 11.3 6.9 - 15.7

 White ............................................................................. 73.6 72.0 2.1 1.6 - 2.6

 Black .............................................................................. 75.1 70.7 5.8 4.6 - 7.0

Baltimore PMSA

Total ................................................................................ 67.8 65.3 3.8 3.1 - 4.5

 Men ................................................................................ 73.3 70.4 3.9 2.9 - 4.9

 Women .......................................................................... 62.8 60.5 3.7 2.7 - 4.7

 White ............................................................................. 68.2 66.7 2.3 1.6 - 3.0

 Black .............................................................................. 67.4 62.0 8.0 6.0 - 10.0

Bergen-Passaic PMSA

Total ................................................................................ 66.2 63.7 3.8 3.0 - 4.6

 Men ................................................................................ 75.7 73.2 3.3 2.3 - 4.3

 Women .......................................................................... 57.6 55.0 4.4 3.1 - 5.7

 White ............................................................................. 66.0 63.6 3.6 2.8 - 4.4

 Hispanic origin ............................................................... 71.7 69.5 3.1 1.2 - 5.0

Boston PMSA

Total ................................................................................ 68.4 66.5 2.7 2.3 - 3.1

 Men ................................................................................ 75.3 73.5 2.4 1.8 - 3.0

 Women .......................................................................... 62.0 60.0 3.2 2.5 - 3.9

 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................ 51.2 47.0 8.2 5.1 - 11.3

 White ............................................................................. 68.7 67.1 2.4 2.0 - 2.8

 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................ 51.9 48.7 6.2 3.0 - 9.4

 Black .............................................................................. 65.9 60.5 8.3 5.5 - 11.1

 Hispanic origin ............................................................... 74.7 70.1 6.2 3.6 - 8.8

Buffalo-Niagara Falls MSA

Total ................................................................................ 64.3 60.5 5.9 4.8 - 7.0

 Men ................................................................................ 70.5 65.6 7.0 5.3 - 8.7

 Women .......................................................................... 58.7 55.9 4.8 3.3 - 6.3

 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................ 56.7 44.0 22.4 16.7 - 28.1

 White ............................................................................. 65.6 62.5 4.8 3.7 - 5.9

 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................ 62.1 50.7 18.3 12.0 - 24.6

 Black .............................................................................. 52.8 43.2 18.1 13.4 - 22.8

Charlotte-Gastonia-Rock Hill MSA

Total ................................................................................ 70.9 68.1 3.9 3.1 - 4.7

 Men ................................................................................ 78.7 75.9 3.6 2.5 - 4.7

 Women .......................................................................... 63.6 60.9 4.3 3.1 - 5.5

 White ............................................................................. 70.7 68.6 3.1 2.3 - 3.9

 Black .............................................................................. 70.8 67.1 5.3 3.5 - 7.1

Chicago PMSA

Total ................................................................................ 70.4 67.2 4.5 4.1 - 4.9

 Men ................................................................................ 78.3 74.8 4.5 4.0 - 5.0

 Women .......................................................................... 63.0 60.2 4.5 3.9 - 5.1

 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................ 54.8 46.4 15.3 12.9 - 17.7

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 24. Selected metropolitan areas and cities: Civilian labor force participation rates,

employment-population ratios, and unemployment rates by sex, age, race, and Hispanic origin,

1999 annual averages — Continued

Area and population group

Civilian labor

force

participation

rates

Employmentpopulation ratio

Unemployment

Rate Error range of rate1

Chicago PMSA–Continued

 White ............................................................................. 71.3 68.9 3.4 3.0 - 3.8

 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................ 59.1 52.0 12.0 9.5 - 14.5

 Black .............................................................................. 65.9 59.3 10.0 8.7 - 11.3

 Hispanic origin ............................................................... 73.9 69.8 5.5 4.4 - 6.6

Cincinnati PMSA

Total ................................................................................ 70.0 68.1 2.8 2.1 - 3.5

 Men ................................................................................ 76.8 74.5 3.0 2.0 - 4.0

 Women .......................................................................... 64.0 62.3 2.6 1.6 - 3.6

 White ............................................................................. 70.7 69.1 2.3 1.6 - 3.0

 Black .............................................................................. 65.5 61.1 6.8 4.0 - 9.6

Cleveland-Lorain-Elyria PMSA

Total ................................................................................ 66.6 64.2 3.7 3.0 - 4.4

 Men ................................................................................ 74.9 72.0 3.8 2.9 - 4.7

 Women .......................................................................... 59.7 57.5 3.5 2.6 - 4.4

 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................ 58.0 49.8 14.0 10.1 - 17.9

 White ............................................................................. 66.6 64.5 3.1 2.4 - 3.8

 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................ 59.7 52.0 12.9 8.6 - 17.2

 Black .............................................................................. 67.4 62.7 7.0 4.8 - 9.2

Columbus, Ohio MSA

Total ................................................................................ 73.8 71.3 3.4 2.6 - 4.2

 Men ................................................................................ 80.3 77.7 3.2 2.2 - 4.2

 Women .......................................................................... 67.5 65.1 3.5 2.4 - 4.6

 White ............................................................................. 74.6 72.5 2.8 2.0 - 3.6

 Black .............................................................................. 69.3 65.4 5.6 3.2 - 8.0

Dallas-Fort Worth CMSA

Total ................................................................................ 75.0 72.1 3.9 3.4 - 4.4

 Men ................................................................................ 83.3 80.5 3.4 2.8 - 4.0

 Women .......................................................................... 67.0 64.0 4.5 3.8 - 5.2

 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................ 54.3 46.6 14.2 11.3 - 17.1

 White ............................................................................. 75.5 72.9 3.4 2.9 - 3.9

 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................ 56.4 49.9 11.5 8.4 - 14.6

 Black .............................................................................. 73.2 67.9 7.3 5.7 - 8.9

 Hispanic origin ............................................................... 75.7 73.1 3.5 2.4 - 4.6

Dayton-Springfield MSA

Total ................................................................................ 66.8 63.6 4.8 3.6 - 6.0

 Men ................................................................................ 73.7 69.3 6.0 4.2 - 7.8

 Women .......................................................................... 60.8 58.6 3.6 2.1 - 5.1

 White ............................................................................. 67.2 64.8 3.7 2.6 - 4.8

 Black .............................................................................. 63.4 55.8 11.9 7.6 - 16.2

Denver-Boulder-Greeley CMSA

Total ................................................................................ 73.6 72.0 2.2 1.8 - 2.6

 Men ................................................................................ 80.2 78.5 2.1 1.5 - 2.7

 Women .......................................................................... 67.1 65.6 2.3 1.6 - 3.0

 White ............................................................................. 74.3 72.7 2.2 1.7 - 2.7

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 24. Selected metropolitan areas and cities: Civilian labor force participation rates,

employment-population ratios, and unemployment rates by sex, age, race, and Hispanic origin,

1999 annual averages — Continued

Area and population group

Civilian labor

force

participation

rates

Employmentpopulation ratio

Unemployment

Rate Error range of rate1

Denver-Boulder-Greeley CMSA–Continued

 Hispanic origin ............................................................... 72.7 68.9 5.2 3.4 - 7.0

Detroit PMSA

Total ................................................................................ 68.2 65.5 3.9 3.4 - 4.4

 Men ................................................................................ 76.7 73.7 3.9 3.3 - 4.5

 Women .......................................................................... 60.0 57.7 3.9 3.2 - 4.6

 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................ 60.0 52.8 12.0 9.2 - 14.8

 White ............................................................................. 69.0 66.6 3.5 3.0 - 4.0

 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................ 64.7 58.0 10.4 7.5 - 13.3

 Black .............................................................................. 64.2 60.1 6.3 5.0 - 7.6

 Hispanic origin ............................................................... 74.4 71.3 4.2 .8 - 7.6

Fort Lauderdale PMSA

Total ................................................................................ 70.5 67.9 3.6 2.9 - 4.3

 Men ................................................................................ 76.8 74.3 3.3 2.3 - 4.3

 Women .......................................................................... 64.5 61.9 4.1 3.0 - 5.2

 White ............................................................................. 69.9 67.8 3.0 2.2 - 3.8

 Black .............................................................................. 72.5 68.2 5.9 3.9 - 7.9

 Hispanic origin ............................................................... 76.3 72.7 4.7 2.7 - 6.7

Hartford MSA

Total ................................................................................ 66.6 65.1 2.2 1.5 - 2.9

 Men ................................................................................ 73.9 72.2 2.3 1.2 - 3.4

 Women .......................................................................... 59.8 58.7 2.0 1.0 - 3.0

 White ............................................................................. 67.8 66.3 2.1 1.3 - 2.9

Houston PMSA

Total ................................................................................ 71.1 67.9 4.5 3.9 - 5.1

 Men ................................................................................ 80.9 77.5 4.2 3.5 - 4.9

 Women .......................................................................... 61.4 58.3 5.0 4.1 - 5.9

 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................ 45.4 37.5 17.4 13.9 - 20.9

 White ............................................................................. 72.1 69.1 4.2 3.6 - 4.8

 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................ 52.9 44.4 16.1 12.2 - 20.0

 Black .............................................................................. 68.8 64.7 6.0 4.6 - 7.4

 Hispanic origin ............................................................... 70.1 65.8 6.1 4.8 - 7.4

Indianapolis MSA

Total ................................................................................ 69.3 67.3 2.9 2.1 - 3.7

 Men ................................................................................ 79.5 77.2 2.9 1.8 - 4.0

 Women .......................................................................... 60.3 58.5 3.0 1.8 - 4.2

 White ............................................................................. 69.8 68.0 2.5 1.7 - 3.3

Kansas City MSA

Total ................................................................................ 70.8 68.1 3.8 3.0 - 4.6

 Men ................................................................................ 79.4 75.7 4.7 3.6 - 5.8

 Women .......................................................................... 62.5 60.8 2.7 1.7 - 3.7

 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................ 62.6 54.9 12.3 7.8 - 16.8

 White ............................................................................. 70.6 68.3 3.2 2.5 - 3.9

 Black .............................................................................. 71.5 65.1 8.9 5.6 - 12.2

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 24. Selected metropolitan areas and cities: Civilian labor force participation rates,

employment-population ratios, and unemployment rates by sex, age, race, and Hispanic origin,

1999 annual averages — Continued

Area and population group

Civilian labor

force

participation

rates

Employmentpopulation ratio

Unemployment

Rate Error range of rate1

Los Angeles-Long Beach PMSA

Total ................................................................................ 65.6 61.7 5.9 5.5 - 6.3

 Men ................................................................................ 75.2 71.2 5.3 4.8 - 5.8

 Women .......................................................................... 56.4 52.7 6.5 5.9 - 7.1

 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................ 35.8 28.9 19.3 16.5 - 22.1

 White ............................................................................. 66.3 62.6 5.5 5.1 - 5.9

 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................ 38.6 31.8 17.4 14.4 - 20.4

 Black .............................................................................. 64.5 58.0 10.1 8.5 - 11.7

 Hispanic origin ............................................................... 66.8 62.8 6.0 5.4 - 6.6

 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................ 35.5 28.8 19.0 15.1 - 22.9

Louisville MSA

Total ................................................................................ 67.9 65.9 3.0 2.1 - 3.9

 Men ................................................................................ 76.1 73.9 2.8 1.6 - 4.0

 Women .......................................................................... 60.9 59.0 3.2 2.0 - 4.4

 White ............................................................................. 67.7 66.1 2.5 1.6 - 3.4

Memphis MSA

Total ................................................................................ 67.7 65.0 4.0 2.9 - 5.1

 Men ................................................................................ 72.8 70.1 3.7 2.2 - 5.2

 Women .......................................................................... 63.4 60.7 4.2 2.6 - 5.8

 White ............................................................................. 64.0 62.7 2.0 .8 - 3.2

 Black .............................................................................. 72.6 68.1 6.3 4.2 - 8.4

Miami PMSA

Total ................................................................................ 62.5 59.4 5.0 4.2 - 5.8

 Men ................................................................................ 74.1 70.5 4.8 3.8 - 5.8

 Women .......................................................................... 52.6 49.8 5.3 4.1 - 6.5

 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................ 29.5 22.9 22.6 16.8 - 28.4

 White ............................................................................. 61.5 58.9 4.2 3.4 - 5.0

 Black .............................................................................. 68.7 62.1 9.6 7.1 - 12.1

 Hispanic origin ............................................................... 62.3 59.3 4.9 3.9 - 5.9

Milwaukee-Waukesha PMSA

Total ................................................................................ 73.1 69.8 4.5 3.6 - 5.4

 Men ................................................................................ 78.0 74.3 4.7 3.5 - 5.9

 Women .......................................................................... 68.3 65.5 4.2 3.0 - 5.4

 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................ 69.2 57.8 16.6 12.1 - 21.1

 White ............................................................................. 73.6 71.6 2.8 2.1 - 3.5

 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................ 77.7 69.5 10.5 5.9 - 15.1

 Black .............................................................................. 71.0 60.5 14.8 11.6 - 18.0

Minneapolis-St. Paul MSA

Total ................................................................................ 78.3 76.3 2.5 2.0 - 3.0

 Men ................................................................................ 84.3 82.2 2.5 1.9 - 3.1

 Women .......................................................................... 72.5 70.7 2.4 1.8 - 3.0

 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................ 66.1 58.6 11.3 8.1 - 14.5

 White ............................................................................. 78.8 77.3 2.0 1.6 - 2.4

 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................ 68.9 62.4 9.4 6.0 - 12.8

Nassau-Suffolk PMSA

Total ................................................................................ 66.5 64.4 3.1 2.6 - 3.6

 Men ................................................................................ 74.5 72.1 3.2 2.5 - 3.9

 Women .......................................................................... 59.4 57.6 3.0 2.3 - 3.7

 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................ 48.0 42.8 11.0 7.2 - 14.8

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 24. Selected metropolitan areas and cities: Civilian labor force participation rates,

employment-population ratios, and unemployment rates by sex, age, race, and Hispanic origin,

1999 annual averages — Continued

Area and population group

Civilian labor

force

participation

rates

Employmentpopulation ratio

Unemployment

Rate Error range of rate1

Nassau-Suffolk PMSA–Continued

 White ............................................................................. 66.5 64.6 2.9 2.4 - 3.4

 Black .............................................................................. 68.9 64.8 6.0 3.6 - 8.4

 Hispanic origin ............................................................... 73.4 66.8 8.9 6.1 - 11.7

New Orleans MSA

Total ................................................................................ 63.4 60.8 4.1 3.2 - 5.0

 Men ................................................................................ 68.4 65.7 4.0 2.7 - 5.3

 Women .......................................................................... 59.1 56.6 4.2 2.9 - 5.5

 White ............................................................................. 64.0 62.4 2.4 1.5 - 3.3

 Black .............................................................................. 62.2 57.9 6.9 5.1 - 8.7

New York PMSA

Total ................................................................................ 60.2 56.6 6.0 5.6 - 6.4

 Men ................................................................................ 69.1 65.2 5.7 5.2 - 6.2

 Women .......................................................................... 52.6 49.2 6.3 5.7 - 6.9

 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................ 29.1 23.3 19.7 17.0 - 22.4

 White ............................................................................. 60.0 57.3 4.5 4.1 - 4.9

 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................ 32.0 27.2 15.0 11.7 - 18.3

 Black .............................................................................. 60.0 53.9 10.2 9.3 - 11.1

 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................ 25.2 17.5 30.6 27.4 - 33.8

 Hispanic origin ............................................................... 57.6 52.9 8.2 7.3 - 9.1

 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................ 32.1 25.0 22.3 17.7 - 26.9

Newark PMSA

Total ................................................................................ 67.8 64.1 5.5 4.7 - 6.3

 Men ................................................................................ 76.6 72.1 5.9 4.8 - 7.0

 Women .......................................................................... 59.7 56.7 5.1 4.0 - 6.2

 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................ 42.1 34.5 17.9 12.5 - 23.3

 White ............................................................................. 67.3 65.2 3.3 2.5 - 4.1

 Black .............................................................................. 68.4 60.9 10.9 9.1 - 12.7

 Hispanic origin ............................................................... 70.8 67.0 5.3 3.0 - 7.6

Norfolk-Virginia Beach-Newport News MSA

Total ................................................................................ 65.3 62.6 4.1 3.1 - 5.1

 Men ................................................................................ 72.7 70.7 2.7 1.5 - 3.9

 Women .......................................................................... 59.1 55.9 5.5 3.8 - 7.2

 White ............................................................................. 65.9 64.4 2.3 1.3 - 3.3

 Black .............................................................................. 63.7 58.7 7.8 5.4 - 10.2

Oakland PMSA

Total ................................................................................ 68.9 66.5 3.5 2.7 - 4.3

 Men ................................................................................ 76.1 73.0 4.1 3.0 - 5.2

 Women .......................................................................... 62.3 60.5 2.9 1.9 - 3.9

 White ............................................................................. 70.0 67.4 3.8 2.9 - 4.7

 Black .............................................................................. 66.1 63.2 4.4 2.1 - 6.7

 Hispanic origin ............................................................... 75.2 72.1 4.1 1.8 - 6.4

Oklahoma City MSA

Total ................................................................................ 70.1 68.0 3.0 2.3 - 3.7

 Men ................................................................................ 76.9 75.0 2.5 1.6 - 3.4

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 24. Selected metropolitan areas and cities: Civilian labor force participation rates,

employment-population ratios, and unemployment rates by sex, age, race, and Hispanic origin,

1999 annual averages — Continued

Area and population group

Civilian labor

force

participation

rates

Employmentpopulation ratio

Unemployment

Rate Error range of rate1

Oklahoma City MSA–Continued

 Women .......................................................................... 63.8 61.6 3.5 2.4 - 4.6

 White ............................................................................. 70.8 69.1 2.4 1.7 - 3.1

Orange County PMSA

Total ................................................................................ 69.8 67.1 3.9 3.2 - 4.6

 Men ................................................................................ 79.5 76.5 3.8 2.9 - 4.7

 Women .......................................................................... 59.8 57.4 3.9 2.8 - 5.0

 White ............................................................................. 70.7 68.1 3.6 2.9 - 4.3

 Hispanic origin ............................................................... 70.9 68.1 3.9 2.4 - 5.4

Philadelphia PMSA

Total ................................................................................ 65.0 62.4 4.0 3.6 - 4.4

 Men ................................................................................ 70.6 67.9 3.9 3.3 - 4.5

 Women .......................................................................... 60.0 57.5 4.1 3.5 - 4.7

 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................ 46.2 40.0 13.4 10.2 - 16.6

 White ............................................................................. 66.2 64.1 3.2 2.8 - 3.6

 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................ 51.1 45.8 10.5 7.4 - 13.6

 Black .............................................................................. 60.3 55.7 7.7 6.2 - 9.2

 Hispanic origin ............................................................... 60.7 56.4 7.0 3.9 - 10.1

Phoenix-Mesa MSA

Total ................................................................................ 69.0 66.5 3.7 3.2 - 4.2

 Men ................................................................................ 77.9 75.1 3.5 2.8 - 4.2

 Women .......................................................................... 60.3 58.0 3.9 3.1 - 4.7

 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................ 54.7 47.5 13.1 9.8 - 16.4

 White ............................................................................. 68.8 66.3 3.6 3.0 - 4.2

 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................ 54.3 47.0 13.5 10.0 - 17.0

 Black .............................................................................. 75.6 71.8 5.1 2.4 - 7.8

 Hispanic origin ............................................................... 71.5 68.2 4.6 3.3 - 5.9

Pittsburgh MSA

Total ................................................................................ 60.5 57.8 4.4 3.7 - 5.1

 Men ................................................................................ 69.2 65.6 5.2 4.1 - 6.3

 Women .......................................................................... 52.7 50.8 3.5 2.5 - 4.5

 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................ 43.2 36.2 16.2 10.4 - 22.0

 White ............................................................................. 60.3 57.7 4.3 3.6 - 5.0

 Black .............................................................................. 59.9 55.6 7.2 3.6 - 10.8

Portland-Vancouver PMSA

Total ................................................................................ 72.2 68.2 5.5 4.7 - 6.3

 Men ................................................................................ 81.1 76.9 5.2 4.1 - 6.3

 Women .......................................................................... 63.8 60.1 5.9 4.7 - 7.1

 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................ 57.7 44.0 23.8 18.0 - 29.6

 White ............................................................................. 72.5 68.6 5.4 4.6 - 6.2

 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................ 58.9 44.0 25.2 18.9 - 31.5

 Hispanic origin ............................................................... 80.8 69.9 13.5 9.0 - 18.0

Providence-Fall River-Warwick MSA

Total ................................................................................ 68.1 65.5 3.8 3.2 - 4.4

 Men ................................................................................ 75.3 72.3 3.9 3.1 - 4.7

 Women .......................................................................... 61.7 59.5 3.7 2.8 - 4.6

 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................ 62.8 57.3 8.8 5.3 - 12.3

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 24. Selected metropolitan areas and cities: Civilian labor force participation rates,

employment-population ratios, and unemployment rates by sex, age, race, and Hispanic origin,

1999 annual averages — Continued

Area and population group

Civilian labor

force

participation

rates

Employmentpopulation ratio

Unemployment

Rate Error range of rate1

Providence-Fall River-Warwick MSA–Continued

 White ............................................................................. 68.2 65.9 3.4 2.8 - 4.0

 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................ 64.0 59.5 7.0 3.4 - 10.6

Riverside-San Bernardino PMSA

Total ................................................................................ 63.5 60.5 4.6 3.8 - 5.4

 Men ................................................................................ 74.0 70.5 4.7 3.6 - 5.8

 Women .......................................................................... 53.7 51.3 4.6 3.4 - 5.8

 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................ 43.6 38.1 12.6 7.8 - 17.4

 White ............................................................................. 63.5 60.5 4.7 3.8 - 5.6

 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................ 46.8 40.9 12.7 7.6 - 17.8

 Black .............................................................................. 62.1 58.7 5.5 2.6 - 8.4

 Hispanic origin ............................................................... 65.7 62.5 4.9 3.3 - 6.5

Rochester MSA

Total ................................................................................ 66.9 63.0 5.9 4.7 - 7.1

 Men ................................................................................ 75.9 72.4 4.7 3.2 - 6.2

 Women .......................................................................... 59.1 54.9 7.1 5.3 - 8.9

 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................ 59.3 51.3 13.4 8.6 - 18.2

 White ............................................................................. 67.6 64.2 5.1 4.0 - 6.2

 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................ 61.1 52.6 13.9 8.6 - 19.2

 Black .............................................................................. 60.0 52.4 12.7 7.7 - 17.7

Sacramento-Yolo CMSA

Total ................................................................................ 63.2 60.9 3.7 2.8 - 4.6

 Men ................................................................................ 69.4 66.9 3.6 2.3 - 4.9

 Women .......................................................................... 57.5 55.3 3.9 2.5 - 5.3

 White ............................................................................. 65.8 63.5 3.6 2.6 - 4.6

 Hispanic origin ............................................................... 66.3 62.9 5.2 2.3 - 8.1

St. Louis MSA2

Total ................................................................................ 69.1 66.5 3.6 2.9 - 4.3

 Men ................................................................................ 76.3 73.3 4.0 3.0 - 5.0

 Women .......................................................................... 62.3 60.3 3.3 2.3 - 4.3

 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................ 61.5 56.0 8.9 5.1 - 12.7

 White ............................................................................. 69.5 67.6 2.7 2.1 - 3.3

 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................ 67.2 62.1 7.5 3.8 - 11.2

 Black .............................................................................. 67.0 61.3 8.5 6.1 - 10.9

Salt Lake City-Ogden MSA

Total ................................................................................ 74.0 71.3 3.7 3.2 - 4.2

 Men ................................................................................ 83.1 79.9 3.8 3.1 - 4.5

 Women .......................................................................... 65.8 63.4 3.7 2.9 - 4.5

 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................ 65.5 57.7 11.8 9.1 - 14.5

 White ............................................................................. 73.9 71.1 3.7 3.1 - 4.3

 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................ 65.2 57.6 11.7 8.7 - 14.7

 Hispanic origin ............................................................... 75.9 71.2 6.2 3.6 - 8.8

San Antonio MSA

Total ................................................................................ 67.4 63.7 5.5 4.4 - 6.6

 Men ................................................................................ 75.5 71.5 5.2 3.8 - 6.6

 Women .......................................................................... 60.4 56.9 5.7 4.2 - 7.2

 White ............................................................................. 67.1 63.5 5.4 4.3 - 6.5

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 24. Selected metropolitan areas and cities: Civilian labor force participation rates,

employment-population ratios, and unemployment rates by sex, age, race, and Hispanic origin,

1999 annual averages — Continued

Area and population group

Civilian labor

force

participation

rates

Employmentpopulation ratio

Unemployment

Rate Error range of rate1

San Antonio MSA–Continued

 Hispanic origin ............................................................... 66.5 62.2 6.5 5.0 - 8.0

San Diego MSA

Total ................................................................................ 67.1 64.1 4.4 3.6 - 5.2

 Men ................................................................................ 75.0 71.8 4.4 3.3 - 5.5

 Women .......................................................................... 59.7 57.1 4.4 3.2 - 5.6

 White ............................................................................. 67.7 65.2 3.8 3.0 - 4.6

 Hispanic origin ............................................................... 68.6 64.3 6.2 4.1 - 8.3

San Francisco PMSA

Total ................................................................................ 70.7 68.3 3.4 2.6 - 4.2

 Men ................................................................................ 77.8 74.4 4.4 3.2 - 5.6

 Women .......................................................................... 64.0 62.5 2.2 1.3 - 3.1

 White ............................................................................. 73.0 70.8 3.1 2.2 - 4.0

 Hispanic origin ............................................................... 74.2 70.8 4.6 2.5 - 6.7

San Jose PMSA

Total ................................................................................ 73.1 70.3 3.9 3.0 - 4.8

 Men ................................................................................ 81.9 78.5 4.1 2.9 - 5.3

 Women .......................................................................... 64.3 62.0 3.6 2.4 - 4.8

 White ............................................................................. 72.5 69.8 3.7 2.7 - 4.7

 Hispanic origin ............................................................... 73.6 68.7 6.6 4.3 - 8.9

Seattle-Bellevue-Everett PMSA

Total ................................................................................ 72.9 70.4 3.4 2.7 - 4.1

 Men ................................................................................ 80.6 78.3 2.9 2.0 - 3.8

 Women .......................................................................... 65.8 63.1 4.0 2.9 - 5.1

 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................ 62.1 51.9 16.4 11.1 - 21.7

 White ............................................................................. 72.6 70.1 3.4 2.7 - 4.1

Tampa-St. Petersburg-Clearwater MSA

Total ................................................................................ 59.4 57.0 4.0 3.3 - 4.7

 Men ................................................................................ 65.7 63.0 4.0 3.1 - 4.9

 Women .......................................................................... 53.5 51.3 4.1 3.1 - 5.1

 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................ 63.8 55.9 12.4 8.4 - 16.4

 White ............................................................................. 57.3 55.3 3.4 2.7 - 4.1

 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................ 67.3 59.9 11.0 6.4 - 15.6

 Black .............................................................................. 73.3 66.8 8.8 6.1 - 11.5

 Hispanic origin ............................................................... 64.3 61.2 4.9 2.8 - 7.0

Washington D.C. PMSA

Total ................................................................................ 72.7 70.3 3.3 2.8 - 3.8

 Men ................................................................................ 79.1 76.6 3.2 2.6 - 3.8

 Women .......................................................................... 66.8 64.5 3.3 2.6 - 4.0

 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................ 48.6 42.1 13.4 9.6 - 17.2

 White ............................................................................. 72.1 70.6 2.0 1.6 - 2.4

 Black .............................................................................. 75.0 70.2 6.5 5.3 - 7.7

 Hispanic origin ............................................................... 80.7 78.7 2.5 1.1 - 3.9

Baltimore central city

Total ................................................................................ 62.1 57.0 8.3 6.0 - 10.6

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 24. Selected metropolitan areas and cities: Civilian labor force participation rates,

employment-population ratios, and unemployment rates by sex, age, race, and Hispanic origin,

1999 annual averages — Continued

Area and population group

Civilian labor

force

participation

rates

Employmentpopulation ratio

Unemployment

Rate Error range of rate1

Baltimore central city–Continued

 Men ................................................................................ 66.3 60.4 8.8 5.6 - 12.0

 Women .......................................................................... 57.9 53.5 7.7 4.5 - 10.9

 White ............................................................................. 62.3 59.2 4.9 1.9 - 7.9

 Black .............................................................................. 62.4 56.1 10.1 7.1 - 13.1

Chicago central city

Total ................................................................................ 66.5 61.4 7.7 6.9 - 8.5

 Men ................................................................................ 74.0 68.7 7.2 6.2 - 8.2

 Women .......................................................................... 59.8 54.9 8.2 7.1 - 9.3

 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................ 46.0 34.8 24.4 20.0 - 28.8

 White ............................................................................. 69.2 65.8 5.0 4.2 - 5.8

 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................ 50.3 42.1 16.4 11.1 - 21.7

 Black .............................................................................. 61.8 53.5 13.4 11.8 - 15.0

 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................ 39.6 23.4 41.0 36.5 - 45.5

 Hispanic origin ............................................................... 71.5 67.3 5.9 4.5 - 7.3

 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................ 48.1 39.9 17.2 10.1 - 24.3

Cleveland central city

Total ................................................................................ 59.4 54.7 7.9 5.6 - 10.2

 Men ................................................................................ 63.7 58.4 8.3 4.9 - 11.7

 Women .......................................................................... 56.3 52.0 7.6 4.6 - 10.6

 White ............................................................................. 55.2 51.2 7.3 4.2 - 10.4

 Black .............................................................................. 66.1 60.5 8.5 5.2 - 11.8

Dallas central city

Total ................................................................................ 73.7 70.7 4.0 3.0 - 5.0

 Men ................................................................................ 82.1 78.8 4.0 2.7 - 5.3

 Women .......................................................................... 65.2 62.6 4.0 2.5 - 5.5

 White ............................................................................. 76.4 74.1 3.0 2.0 - 4.0

 Black .............................................................................. 68.1 62.7 7.8 5.2 - 10.4

 Hispanic origin ............................................................... 78.3 75.6 3.4 1.6 - 5.2

Detroit central city

Total ................................................................................ 62.8 58.6 6.7 5.3 - 8.1

 Men ................................................................................ 63.4 58.3 8.1 5.9 - 10.3

 Women .......................................................................... 62.3 58.8 5.6 3.8 - 7.4

 White ............................................................................. 63.9 60.2 5.8 2.1 - 9.5

 Black .............................................................................. 62.6 58.3 6.9 5.4 - 8.4

District of Columbia

Total ................................................................................ 67.7 63.4 6.3 5.6 - 7.0

 Men ................................................................................ 71.6 67.7 5.5 4.5 - 6.5

 Women .......................................................................... 64.3 59.8 7.0 6.0 - 8.0

 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................ 34.3 23.1 32.7 26.4 - 39.0

 White ............................................................................. 77.5 75.6 2.5 1.8 - 3.2

 Black .............................................................................. 61.8 56.0 9.4 8.3 - 10.5

 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................ 35.4 22.1 37.7 30.4 - 45.0

 Hispanic origin ............................................................... 80.3 78.1 2.7 1.4 - 4.0

Houston central city

Total ................................................................................ 69.7 65.9 5.5 4.6 - 6.4

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 24. Selected metropolitan areas and cities: Civilian labor force participation rates,

employment-population ratios, and unemployment rates by sex, age, race, and Hispanic origin,

1999 annual averages — Continued

Area and population group

Civilian labor

force

participation

rates

Employmentpopulation ratio

Unemployment

Rate Error range of rate1

Houston central city–Continued

 Men ................................................................................ 79.5 75.2 5.3 4.1 - 6.5

 Women .......................................................................... 60.2 56.7 5.7 4.3 - 7.1

 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................ 42.4 36.2 14.7 9.2 - 20.2

 White ............................................................................. 72.4 69.1 4.6 3.5 - 5.7

 Black .............................................................................. 65.2 60.0 8.0 6.0 - 10.0

 Hispanic origin ............................................................... 69.4 65.2 6.0 4.3 - 7.7

Indianapolis central city

Total ................................................................................ 65.0 63.0 3.1 1.8 - 4.4

 Men ................................................................................ 74.3 71.5 3.8 1.9 - 5.7

 Women .......................................................................... 56.9 55.6 2.2 .7 - 3.7

 White ............................................................................. 64.0 62.3 2.7 1.3 - 4.1

Los Angeles central city

Total ................................................................................ 65.9 61.4 6.8 6.1 - 7.5

 Men ................................................................................ 76.1 71.4 6.2 5.3 - 7.1

 Women .......................................................................... 56.0 51.6 7.7 6.6 - 8.8

 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................ 34.6 27.9 19.4 14.5 - 24.3

 White ............................................................................. 66.8 62.6 6.3 5.6 - 7.0

 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................ 36.8 30.6 17.0 11.8 - 22.2

 Black .............................................................................. 64.3 57.6 10.4 8.0 - 12.8

 Hispanic origin ............................................................... 67.7 63.1 6.8 5.8 - 7.8

 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................ 35.0 28.9 17.3 11.1 - 23.5

Milwaukee central city

Total ................................................................................ 70.6 63.7 9.8 7.7 - 11.9

 Men ................................................................................ 69.9 61.6 11.9 8.7 - 15.1

 Women .......................................................................... 71.5 66.0 7.7 4.9 - 10.5

 White ............................................................................. 69.4 65.5 5.6 3.3 - 7.9

 Black .............................................................................. 72.4 61.6 15.0 11.5 - 18.5

New York central city

Total ................................................................................ 58.5 54.6 6.7 6.2 - 7.2

 Men ................................................................................ 67.4 63.1 6.3 5.7 - 6.9

 Women .......................................................................... 50.9 47.3 7.1 6.4 - 7.8

 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................ 26.8 20.6 22.9 19.9 - 25.9

 White ............................................................................. 57.7 54.8 5.1 4.6 - 5.6

 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................ 28.5 23.4 17.9 13.7 - 22.1

 Black .............................................................................. 59.1 52.6 10.9 9.9 - 11.9

 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................ 25.0 16.9 32.2 28.6 - 35.8

 Hispanic origin ............................................................... 56.0 51.1 8.8 7.8 - 9.8

 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................ 30.5 23.2 24.0 19.6 - 28.4

Philadelphia central city

Total ................................................................................ 57.6 53.9 6.6 5.4 - 7.8

 Men ................................................................................ 63.1 59.0 6.4 4.8 - 8.0

 Women .......................................................................... 53.3 49.8 6.7 5.1 - 8.3

 White ............................................................................. 61.0 58.5 4.1 2.9 - 5.3

 Black .............................................................................. 54.4 49.2 9.5 7.3 - 11.7

Phoenix central city

Total ................................................................................ 71.6 68.4 4.5 3.6 - 5.4

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 24. Selected metropolitan areas and cities: Civilian labor force participation rates,

employment-population ratios, and unemployment rates by sex, age, race, and Hispanic origin,

1999 annual averages — Continued

Area and population group

Civilian labor

force

participation

rates

Employmentpopulation ratio

Unemployment

Rate Error range of rate1

Phoenix central city–Continued

 Men ................................................................................ 81.5 77.7 4.7 3.5 - 5.9

 Women .......................................................................... 61.2 58.7 4.1 2.8 - 5.4

 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................ 53.3 44.9 15.8 10.8 - 20.8

 White ............................................................................. 71.6 68.5 4.3 3.4 - 5.2

 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................ 54.1 44.9 16.9 11.8 - 22.0

 Hispanic origin ............................................................... 69.5 66.8 3.9 2.4 - 5.4

St. Louis central city

Total ................................................................................ 64.1 60.7 5.4 3.0 - 7.8

 Men ................................................................................ 71.5 67.3 6.0 2.5 - 9.5

 Women .......................................................................... 57.8 55.1 4.7 1.6 - 7.8

 White ............................................................................. 66.5 65.4 1.7 .0 - 4.1

 Black .............................................................................. 61.3 55.9 8.8 4.9 - 12.7

San Antonio central city

Total ................................................................................ 67.0 62.8 6.3 5.0 - 7.6

 Men ................................................................................ 75.6 70.9 6.2 4.4 - 8.0

 Women .......................................................................... 59.6 55.8 6.4 4.5 - 8.3

 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................ 55.0 39.4 28.3 24.3 - 32.3

 White ............................................................................. 66.7 62.6 6.2 4.8 - 7.6

 Both sexes, 16 to 19 years ............................................ 54.1 38.5 28.9 24.6 - 33.2

 Hispanic origin ............................................................... 66.2 61.4 7.2 5.5 - 8.9

San Diego central city

Total ................................................................................ 67.7 64.3 5.1 3.9 - 6.3

 Men ................................................................................ 74.2 70.9 4.4 2.9 - 5.9

 Women .......................................................................... 61.8 58.2 5.9 4.0 - 7.8

 White ............................................................................. 70.0 66.7 4.7 3.3 - 6.1

 Hispanic origin ............................................................... 70.3 63.7 9.3 5.4 - 13.2

San Francisco central city

Total ................................................................................ 70.3 67.5 4.0 2.7 - 5.3

 Men ................................................................................ 77.0 73.0 5.2 3.3 - 7.1

 Women .......................................................................... 63.7 62.0 2.6 1.1 - 4.1

 White ............................................................................. 74.4 71.9 3.4 1.9 - 4.9

 Hispanic origin ............................................................... 68.9 66.7 3.2 .6 - 5.8

1 Error ranges are calculated at the 90-percent confidence

interval, which means that if repeated samples were drawn from

the same population and an error range constructed around

each sample estimate, in 9 out of 10 cases the true value based

on a complete census of the population would be contained

within these error ranges.

2 Data do not reflect the official U.S. Office of Management

and Budget definition. See appendix C.

 NOTE: Data for demographic groups are not shown when

they do not meet BLS publication standards of reliability for the

particular area based on the sample in that area. See appendix

B.
Table 25. Selected metropolitan areas and cities: Percent distribution of employed persons by sex, race, Hispanic origin, and occupation,

1999 annual averages

Population group and area

Total

employed1

Managerial and

professional

specialty

Technical, sales, and administrative

support

Service

occupations

Precision

production,

craft, and

repair

Operators, fabricators, and laborers

Executive,

administrative, and

managerial

Professional

specialty

Technicians and

related

support

Sales

Administrative

support,

including

clerical

Machine

operators,

assemblers,

and

inspectors

Transportation and

material

moving

Handlers,

equipment

cleaners,

helpers,

and

laborers

TOTAL

Metropolitan areas:

Atlanta MSA ...................................... 100.0 19.1 14.7 3.8 14.9 13.5 9.9 11.2 4.1 4.1 3.6

Baltimore PMSA ............................... 100.0 15.1 22.0 4.0 10.5 12.9 13.7 9.8 3.2 4.0 3.8

Bergen-Passaic PMSA ..................... 100.0 18.6 16.5 2.5 15.6 16.1 9.3 8.8 5.9 2.9 3.3

Boston PMSA ................................... 100.0 16.9 22.3 3.6 11.1 12.9 13.7 9.7 3.1 2.7 2.9

Buffalo-Niagara Falls MSA ............... 100.0 14.0 15.4 3.0 11.9 16.1 13.7 10.9 6.0 3.7 3.8

Charlotte-Gastonia-Rock Hill MSA ... 100.0 14.6 13.3 3.8 14.1 13.3 10.5 12.5 7.2 3.9 5.7

Chicago PMSA ................................. 100.0 16.6 16.6 2.8 12.4 15.9 12.1 8.9 5.6 4.3 4.0

Cincinnati PMSA ............................... 100.0 16.3 17.5 3.6 11.5 13.3 11.6 10.6 6.2 4.9 4.0

Cleveland-Lorain-Elyria PMSA ......... 100.0 14.3 17.4 4.0 12.1 15.3 13.1 10.7 5.2 3.4 3.3

Columbus, Ohio MSA ....................... 100.0 17.3 16.3 3.1 10.8 14.6 13.0 8.9 5.2 4.2 4.9

Dallas-Fort Worth CMSA .................. 100.0 18.0 15.2 3.9 12.9 14.9 11.3 11.4 4.1 4.1 3.0

Dayton-Springfield MSA ................... 100.0 14.4 16.1 2.5 12.2 11.2 13.4 11.3 9.6 4.1 3.9

Denver-Boulder-Greeley CMSA ....... 100.0 18.7 20.6 3.3 11.4 13.7 10.6 10.2 3.6 3.7 3.1

Detroit PMSA .................................... 100.0 15.2 15.6 3.5 12.1 13.5 13.7 11.0 7.2 3.5 3.6

Fort Lauderdale PMSA ..................... 100.0 16.6 11.3 3.8 15.2 15.4 17.0 10.7 1.8 3.4 3.7

Hartford MSA .................................... 100.0 19.4 19.2 4.0 9.1 14.4 12.4 10.4 5.1 2.4 2.6

Houston PMSA ................................. 100.0 14.8 16.2 3.7 12.3 13.8 13.3 13.0 4.1 3.8 3.6

Indianapolis MSA .............................. 100.0 16.9 15.8 4.4 13.9 13.1 11.5 10.8 6.1 3.7 2.7

Kansas City MSA .............................. 100.0 16.0 16.1 3.4 12.4 16.3 11.1 12.3 5.0 3.5 3.2

Los Angeles-Long Beach PMSA ...... 100.0 14.9 16.0 2.9 11.7 14.0 13.3 9.3 7.9 3.7 4.5

Louisville MSA .................................. 100.0 13.5 15.9 2.4 12.1 16.6 9.9 12.3 4.4 6.0 5.2

Memphis MSA .................................. 100.0 15.2 9.6 4.0 14.1 18.8 16.6 8.9 4.8 4.0 3.4

Miami PMSA ..................................... 100.0 13.1 12.8 2.5 13.9 15.0 14.8 11.6 4.0 5.5 5.2

Milwaukee-Waukesha PMSA ........... 100.0 15.8 14.5 2.8 11.7 14.3 13.3 12.8 6.9 3.7 3.3

Minneapolis-St. Paul MSA ................ 100.0 19.1 19.4 4.1 13.0 13.4 10.2 9.2 4.9 2.6 3.3

Nassau-Suffolk PMSA ...................... 100.0 18.7 18.2 2.4 13.5 15.8 12.2 8.8 2.2 3.9 2.8

New Orleans MSA ............................ 100.0 12.1 15.9 5.4 13.8 13.2 15.6 9.1 3.4 4.8 4.7

New York PMSA ............................... 100.0 15.4 18.6 3.1 11.2 14.2 19.1 6.9 3.4 4.0 3.4

Newark PMSA .................................. 100.0 15.5 18.2 2.8 12.7 14.6 14.3 8.4 4.2 3.7 4.7

Norfolk-Virginia Beach-Newport

News MSA .................................. 100.0 15.5 18.1 2.9 13.7 12.8 11.5 11.1 4.6 4.3 4.1

Oakland PMSA ................................. 100.0 20.1 20.8 4.4 12.6 14.4 10.8 7.1 1.9 3.9 3.4

Oklahoma City MSA ......................... 100.0 15.7 18.7 2.2 13.5 15.1 13.1 9.6 4.0 3.0 3.7

Orange County PMSA ...................... 100.0 18.1 16.9 2.9 13.6 12.8 11.7 11.8 6.2 1.5 2.9

Philadelphia PMSA ........................... 100.0 16.1 20.2 3.8 12.2 15.7 12.6 8.6 3.7 3.1 2.7

Phoenix-Mesa MSA .......................... 100.0 17.8 12.8 3.9 12.5 14.1 12.8 11.5 3.9 3.4 3.9

Pittsburgh MSA ................................. 100.0 15.8 16.4 3.3 12.6 16.0 13.6 9.1 3.8 4.8 3.5

Portland-Vancouver PMSA ............... 100.0 19.0 15.2 2.7 10.6 14.0 12.8 11.1 5.4 3.3 4.0

Providence-Fall River-Warwick MSA 100.0 13.7 16.3 3.0 13.3 14.5 13.3 10.6 7.3 3.1 3.6

Riverside-San Bernardino PMSA ..... 100.0 15.2 12.1 3.2 11.8 14.8 13.4 12.9 4.3 4.4 5.5

Rochester MSA ................................ 100.0 13.7 16.5 3.0 12.4 13.3 15.2 9.8 8.4 3.3 2.2

Sacramento-Yolo CMSA .................. 100.0 15.2 17.7 4.0 13.6 15.0 13.4 8.9 1.5 4.9 3.6

St. Louis MSA2 ................................. 100.0 15.7 16.0 3.7 11.7 14.9 13.0 9.7 6.4 3.9 4.2

Salt Lake City-Ogden MSA ............... 100.0 16.4 16.4 3.6 13.0 15.4 10.6 11.2 5.3 3.6 3.4

San Antonio MSA ............................. 100.0 11.9 13.6 5.2 12.1 17.1 16.8 9.6 3.9 4.0 4.3

San Diego MSA ................................ 100.0 16.0 19.0 4.2 12.2 15.7 13.3 9.7 3.6 1.8 2.4

San Francisco PMSA ....................... 100.0 22.7 20.8 3.2 11.0 12.2 14.2 7.5 3.1 2.1 2.5

San Jose PMSA ............................... 100.0 17.7 22.0 4.4 10.0 12.9 10.1 10.9 4.7 2.4 2.7

Seattle-Bellevue-Everett PMSA ........ 100.0 20.4 18.6 3.6 11.1 13.2 10.7 10.5 3.8 3.3 3.7

Tampa-St. Petersburg-Clearwater

MSA ............................................ 100.0 14.1 13.4 3.4 13.6 14.1 15.1 11.5 3.9 3.8 3.8

Washington D.C. PMSA ................... 100.0 23.3 24.8 3.3 9.5 12.9 12.2 7.4 1.2 2.9 1.7

Cities:

Baltimore central city ........................ 100.0 9.2 20.7 5.1 6.8 14.3 22.1 7.5 5.3 3 ( ) 3 ( )

Chicago central city .......................... 100.0 13.2 14.5 2.7 12.0 16.3 18.0 6.7 6.8 4.4 4.7

Cleveland central city ....................... 100.0 3 ( ) 10.8 3 ( ) 10.5 16.3 23.2 9.5 10.0 3 ( ) 3 ( )

Dallas central city ............................. 100.0 18.7 14.4 3.4 10.8 16.0 13.3 11.2 4.2 2.9 3.6

Detroit central city ............................. 100.0 7.8 9.4 2.2 7.9 17.2 24.8 9.3 11.5 4.5 3.9

District of Columbia .......................... 100.0 20.7 26.0 3.9 6.2 15.2 16.6 4.9 1.0 2.8 2.3

Houston central city .......................... 100.0 10.5 14.9 3.5 11.8 14.4 17.3 13.4 4.8 3.6 4.5

Indianapolis central city .................... 100.0 17.3 15.4 3.6 12.4 14.9 13.0 9.0 5.6 4.2 3 ( )

Los Angeles central city .................... 100.0 12.9 16.1 2.7 11.5 13.0 15.8 8.3 9.0 3.5 4.7

Milwaukee central city ...................... 100.0 12.5 8.9 3 ( ) 6.5 18.6 21.4 11.4 7.5 5.2 3 ( )

See footnotes at end of table.

121
Table 25. Selected metropolitan areas and cities: Percent distribution of employed persons by sex, race, Hispanic origin, and occupation,

1999 annual averages — Continued

Population group and area

Total

employed1

Managerial and

professional

specialty

Technical, sales, and administrative

support

Service

occupations

Precision

production,

craft, and

repair

Operators, fabricators, and laborers

Executive,

administrative, and

managerial

Professional

specialty

Technicians and

related

support

Sales

Administrative

support,

including

clerical

Machine

operators,

assemblers,

and

inspectors

Transportation and

material

moving

Handlers,

equipment

cleaners,

helpers,

and

laborers

TOTAL–Continued

Cities:–Continued

New York central city ........................ 100.0 14.2 17.4 3.1 10.9 14.9 19.9 7.1 3.9 4.5 3.6

Philadelphia central city .................... 100.0 12.0 19.2 3.6 10.2 17.2 18.6 6.7 5.1 3.4 3.4

Phoenix central city .......................... 100.0 14.2 10.4 4.2 10.4 14.6 13.6 13.7 5.3 4.2 6.1

St. Louis central city ......................... 100.0 17.3 10.2 3 ( ) 10.2 17.5 20.5 3 ( ) 3 ( ) 3 ( ) 3 ( )

San Antonio central city .................... 100.0 10.5 13.8 5.2 12.1 16.7 18.4 8.7 4.4 3.5 4.7

San Diego central city ....................... 100.0 15.3 22.1 4.0 11.9 16.0 14.4 7.4 2.6 1.9 2.9

San Francisco central city ................ 100.0 21.5 18.3 3.6 9.4 12.2 18.0 6.8 4.4 2.7 2.0

Men

Metropolitan areas:

Atlanta MSA ...................................... 100.0 18.0 12.0 3.7 15.2 5.2 7.5 19.0 4.6 7.3 5.5

Baltimore PMSA ............................... 100.0 15.1 20.1 3.1 10.4 5.1 11.3 17.1 4.0 6.9 5.4

Bergen-Passaic PMSA ..................... 100.0 20.1 14.6 3.1 16.6 6.0 7.6 14.6 6.6 4.8 5.0

Boston PMSA ................................... 100.0 17.1 20.3 3.5 10.2 5.9 11.8 16.9 3.4 4.4 4.5

Buffalo-Niagara Falls MSA ............... 100.0 14.9 11.7 2.5 11.3 6.5 10.4 19.4 8.9 6.8 5.4

Charlotte-Gastonia-Rock Hill MSA ... 100.0 15.6 11.1 3.9 15.5 5.1 6.8 20.5 6.9 6.0 7.6

Chicago PMSA ................................. 100.0 17.1 14.8 2.7 13.0 6.8 9.3 15.2 6.7 7.2 6.0

Cincinnati PMSA ............................... 100.0 16.7 16.0 2.7 11.1 5.1 7.1 19.1 7.2 8.4 6.1

Cleveland-Lorain-Elyria PMSA ......... 100.0 16.0 15.7 3.2 11.3 7.3 8.9 18.8 7.1 4.9 5.1

Columbus, Ohio MSA ....................... 100.0 18.1 14.8 2.9 11.4 6.5 8.9 14.1 6.6 6.7 7.1

Dallas-Fort Worth CMSA .................. 100.0 18.3 13.6 4.0 12.4 6.4 8.8 18.5 4.9 6.6 4.5

Dayton-Springfield MSA ................... 100.0 15.9 14.4 2.1 11.8 4.2 9.3 19.4 9.3 6.8 5.0

Denver-Boulder-Greeley CMSA ....... 100.0 16.2 20.4 3.2 11.9 6.4 8.1 17.0 4.7 6.2 4.1

Detroit PMSA .................................... 100.0 15.9 15.3 2.8 11.2 5.0 10.7 18.6 8.5 5.4 4.9

Fort Lauderdale PMSA ..................... 100.0 17.2 9.0 2.8 15.7 5.3 15.2 19.2 1.9 5.9 5.9

Hartford MSA .................................... 100.0 19.3 19.5 3.7 9.4 6.0 9.9 18.0 5.4 4.2 3.0

Houston PMSA ................................. 100.0 13.4 15.1 3.8 12.1 5.2 9.8 21.9 5.6 6.2 5.1

Indianapolis MSA .............................. 100.0 18.8 13.9 4.5 15.2 4.5 7.1 18.5 6.5 5.6 3.3

Kansas City MSA .............................. 100.0 17.8 14.4 3.5 12.2 5.7 9.8 19.5 6.0 5.6 4.6

Los Angeles-Long Beach PMSA ...... 100.0 14.5 14.4 3.0 11.5 7.5 10.3 15.0 8.4 6.0 6.5

Louisville MSA .................................. 100.0 12.8 16.3 1.9 12.3 5.0 6.0 21.4 5.8 8.9 7.4

Memphis MSA .................................. 100.0 19.3 6.5 5.0 12.1 6.8 14.2 16.8 5.8 7.4 4.8

Miami PMSA ..................................... 100.0 15.0 10.5 1.7 12.6 8.3 9.3 20.2 3.7 9.0 7.5

Milwaukee-Waukesha PMSA ........... 100.0 17.4 12.5 1.6 9.8 5.1 9.7 22.4 9.0 6.0 5.1

Minneapolis-St. Paul MSA ................ 100.0 19.2 17.5 4.3 12.0 6.2 8.7 15.5 5.9 4.5 5.1

Nassau-Suffolk PMSA ...................... 100.0 21.7 15.3 2.3 13.7 5.8 9.9 16.0 2.6 6.4 3.8

New Orleans MSA ............................ 100.0 12.3 13.9 4.5 11.5 3.6 12.3 17.4 4.9 8.1 8.4

New York PMSA ............................... 100.0 15.5 15.4 3.2 12.0 7.7 17.5 12.1 3.2 6.9 5.6

Newark PMSA .................................. 100.0 16.6 16.1 2.5 12.8 6.8 10.6 14.5 4.9 6.7 7.3

Norfolk-Virginia Beach-Newport

News MSA .................................. 100.0 15.9 18.4 3.3 9.2 3.9 7.3 20.6 5.1 7.6 6.3

Oakland PMSA ................................. 100.0 18.7 19.5 4.8 12.2 7.3 8.9 12.5 2.6 6.7 5.8

Oklahoma City MSA ......................... 100.0 16.2 19.7 1.2 12.6 4.7 9.0 17.2 5.6 5.7 6.1

Orange County PMSA ...................... 100.0 19.1 14.6 2.6 13.1 7.5 9.7 17.7 6.7 2.4 4.0

Philadelphia PMSA ........................... 100.0 17.8 18.7 3.8 11.8 6.7 9.7 15.2 4.5 5.3 4.2

Phoenix-Mesa MSA .......................... 100.0 18.9 10.4 2.7 11.8 4.7 10.6 18.8 4.2 5.8 6.5

Pittsburgh MSA ................................. 100.0 17.9 14.5 3.6 11.8 5.9 10.1 15.8 5.4 7.7 5.3

Portland-Vancouver PMSA ............... 100.0 17.6 14.8 3.1 10.2 6.6 8.4 17.9 7.2 5.0 6.6

Providence-Fall River-Warwick MSA 100.0 14.2 15.4 2.4 11.8 5.9 11.5 17.8 7.6 5.3 5.8

Riverside-San Bernardino PMSA ..... 100.0 15.3 9.7 2.7 11.1 5.3 11.0 21.4 4.0 7.0 9.0

Rochester MSA ................................ 100.0 16.3 17.4 3.0 10.9 4.0 11.5 17.3 7.7 4.9 3.8

Sacramento-Yolo CMSA .................. 100.0 13.8 17.0 3.7 13.7 6.9 9.5 15.6 1.9 8.8 5.4

St. Louis MSA2 ................................. 100.0 17.6 12.2 3.5 12.4 6.2 10.0 16.6 7.2 6.4 6.4

Salt Lake City-Ogden MSA ............... 100.0 16.9 15.2 3.7 11.7 6.4 8.5 19.0 6.4 6.1 4.5

San Antonio MSA ............................. 100.0 15.3 11.5 4.4 10.4 8.1 12.0 17.6 4.8 6.8 6.9

San Diego MSA ................................ 100.0 16.9 17.7 5.4 11.4 7.8 11.4 16.4 3.8 3.3 3.3

San Francisco PMSA ....................... 100.0 19.7 20.8 3.4 11.5 8.8 11.5 13.3 2.9 3.9 3.5

San Jose PMSA ............................... 100.0 17.2 23.2 4.2 9.5 6.0 8.2 16.6 4.4 3.4 3.8

Seattle-Bellevue-Everett PMSA ........ 100.0 21.4 19.3 3.1 10.0 4.5 6.6 17.7 5.2 5.8 4.9

Tampa-St. Petersburg-Clearwater

MSA ............................................ 100.0 14.8 11.4 3.4 11.8 5.4 11.6 19.0 4.7 7.0 5.4

Washington D.C. PMSA ................... 100.0 24.2 24.9 2.8 8.2 5.0 11.2 13.2 1.8 5.0 2.7

See footnotes at end of table.

122
Table 25. Selected metropolitan areas and cities: Percent distribution of employed persons by sex, race, Hispanic origin, and occupation,

1999 annual averages — Continued

Population group and area

Total

employed1

Managerial and

professional

specialty

Technical, sales, and administrative

support

Service

occupations

Precision

production,

craft, and

repair

Operators, fabricators, and laborers

Executive,

administrative, and

managerial

Professional

specialty

Technicians and

related

support

Sales

Administrative

support,

including

clerical

Machine

operators,

assemblers,

and

inspectors

Transportation and

material

moving

Handlers,

equipment

cleaners,

helpers,

and

laborers

Men–Continued

Cities:

Baltimore central city ........................ 100.0 8.8 18.8 5.3 7.3 2.1 25.2 12.7 4.7 3 ( ) 3 ( )

Chicago central city .......................... 100.0 12.5 12.7 2.3 11.6 8.6 15.3 12.0 8.9 7.7 7.2

Cleveland central city ....................... 100.0 3 ( ) 10.7 3 ( ) 6.7 9.8 16.0 18.6 15.1 3 ( ) 3 ( )

Dallas central city ............................. 100.0 18.5 12.2 4.2 10.9 8.1 11.6 17.5 4.4 4.7 5.2

Detroit central city ............................. 100.0 5.8 6.2 1.2 3.9 8.8 24.1 16.5 16.2 7.9 6.6

District of Columbia .......................... 100.0 19.5 26.0 3.2 6.2 8.3 16.4 9.6 1.5 5.0 3.8

Houston central city .......................... 100.0 9.5 13.3 3.1 11.9 5.4 13.3 22.6 6.7 5.7 6.3

Indianapolis central city .................... 100.0 19.3 15.0 3.1 14.9 5.4 9.2 15.3 6.0 5.6 3 ( )

Los Angeles central city .................... 100.0 12.4 14.8 2.5 11.5 8.2 11.8 13.1 9.1 5.6 6.7

Milwaukee central city ...................... 100.0 11.0 8.0 3 ( ) 4.8 10.0 19.8 19.1 10.2 8.4 3 ( )

New York central city ........................ 100.0 13.7 14.2 3.2 11.7 8.3 18.7 12.3 3.6 7.7 6.0

Philadelphia central city .................... 100.0 12.2 20.5 2.7 9.2 9.5 14.8 12.8 5.4 6.6 5.2

Phoenix central city .......................... 100.0 13.5 8.3 3.2 10.4 4.1 11.5 21.7 5.3 6.7 9.6

St. Louis central city ......................... 100.0 20.7 5.7 3 ( ) 12.2 10.1 18.1 3 ( ) 3 ( ) 3 ( ) 3 ( )

San Antonio central city .................... 100.0 14.0 11.3 5.2 10.5 8.3 13.2 15.7 5.1 6.5 7.4

San Diego central city ....................... 100.0 15.1 21.2 5.9 12.1 8.8 11.5 13.1 2.8 3.6 4.2

San Francisco central city ................ 100.0 20.6 19.4 3.7 8.7 9.8 15.3 11.1 3.0 4.7 2.5

Women

Metropolitan areas:

Atlanta MSA ...................................... 100.0 20.3 17.7 4.0 14.5 22.6 12.6 2.5 3.5 .7 1.5

Baltimore PMSA ............................... 100.0 15.1 23.9 5.0 10.7 21.3 16.4 1.9 2.3 .9 2.1

Bergen-Passaic PMSA ..................... 100.0 16.8 18.8 1.8 14.3 28.3 11.4 1.9 5.1 .6 1.1

Boston PMSA ................................... 100.0 16.8 24.5 3.8 12.0 20.8 15.8 1.5 2.6 .8 1.2

Buffalo-Niagara Falls MSA ............... 100.0 13.0 19.3 3.6 12.5 26.3 17.3 1.8 3.0 .3 2.1

Charlotte-Gastonia-Rock Hill MSA ... 100.0 13.5 15.7 3.5 12.4 22.8 14.9 3.4 7.6 1.6 3.4

Chicago PMSA ................................. 100.0 16.1 18.7 2.9 11.8 26.4 15.4 1.7 4.2 .9 1.6

Cincinnati PMSA ............................... 100.0 15.9 19.1 4.7 11.9 22.0 16.4 1.6 5.1 1.2 1.8

Cleveland-Lorain-Elyria PMSA ......... 100.0 12.4 19.1 4.9 12.9 23.8 17.6 2.0 3.3 1.8 1.5

Columbus, Ohio MSA ....................... 100.0 16.5 18.1 3.4 10.0 24.0 17.6 2.9 3.5 1.2 2.4

Dallas-Fort Worth CMSA .................. 100.0 17.6 17.2 3.8 13.5 25.2 14.2 2.8 3.0 1.1 1.3

Dayton-Springfield MSA ................... 100.0 12.9 17.8 2.9 12.6 18.5 17.6 3.0 10.0 1.3 2.7

Denver-Boulder-Greeley CMSA ....... 100.0 21.5 20.8 3.3 10.8 22.2 13.5 2.2 2.3 .7 1.9

Detroit PMSA .................................... 100.0 14.5 15.9 4.4 13.1 23.9 17.4 1.7 5.5 1.0 2.0

Fort Lauderdale PMSA ..................... 100.0 16.0 13.8 4.9 14.6 26.8 19.1 1.1 1.6 .6 1.3

Hartford MSA .................................... 100.0 19.6 18.8 4.3 8.9 23.9 15.3 1.9 4.8 .4 2.1

Houston PMSA ................................. 100.0 16.6 17.7 3.7 12.6 25.2 17.9 1.3 2.0 .8 1.7

Indianapolis MSA .............................. 100.0 14.8 18.0 4.3 12.3 23.1 16.7 1.9 5.6 1.5 1.9

Kansas City MSA .............................. 100.0 13.8 18.2 3.4 12.6 29.0 12.6 3.7 3.7 1.0 1.6

Los Angeles-Long Beach PMSA ...... 100.0 15.4 18.1 2.6 12.0 22.4 17.1 2.0 7.3 .7 1.8

Louisville MSA .................................. 100.0 14.1 15.5 2.9 11.9 29.1 14.1 2.4 2.8 3.0 2.8

Memphis MSA .................................. 100.0 11.2 12.5 3.1 16.0 30.4 19.0 1.2 3.8 .8 2.0

Miami PMSA ..................................... 100.0 10.9 15.5 3.4 15.5 23.2 21.4 1.2 4.3 1.3 2.3

Milwaukee-Waukesha PMSA ........... 100.0 14.0 16.7 4.0 13.7 24.2 17.1 2.4 4.7 1.2 1.4

Minneapolis-St. Paul MSA ................ 100.0 19.0 21.5 4.0 14.0 21.4 11.8 2.2 3.7 .5 1.3

Nassau-Suffolk PMSA ...................... 100.0 15.3 21.5 2.5 13.3 26.8 14.7 .9 1.8 1.1 1.8

New Orleans MSA ............................ 100.0 12.0 17.9 6.3 16.2 22.7 18.9 .8 1.8 1.5 1.0

New York PMSA ............................... 100.0 15.2 22.3 3.0 10.2 21.6 21.1 1.0 3.7 .8 .8

Newark PMSA .................................. 100.0 14.3 20.7 3.2 12.5 23.9 18.6 1.3 3.4 .2 1.5

Norfolk-Virginia Beach-Newport

News MSA .................................. 100.0 15.1 17.9 2.5 18.3 22.3 15.9 1.0 4.1 .8 1.8

Oakland PMSA ................................. 100.0 21.6 22.3 4.0 13.1 22.1 12.9 1.1 1.1 .9 .8

Oklahoma City MSA ......................... 100.0 15.1 17.6 3.4 14.5 26.7 17.6 1.2 2.3 4 ( ) 1.1

Orange County PMSA ...................... 100.0 16.8 20.0 3.4 14.3 20.0 14.5 3.7 5.5 .3 1.5

Philadelphia PMSA ........................... 100.0 14.4 21.8 3.8 12.6 25.2 15.7 1.5 2.8 .8 1.0

Phoenix-Mesa MSA .......................... 100.0 16.4 15.9 5.3 13.4 26.1 15.7 2.3 3.4 .5 .6

Pittsburgh MSA ................................. 100.0 13.3 18.6 2.9 13.5 27.5 17.6 1.5 2.0 1.4 1.5

Portland-Vancouver PMSA ............... 100.0 20.7 15.5 2.2 11.1 22.9 18.1 2.8 3.1 1.3 .9

Providence-Fall River-Warwick MSA 100.0 13.1 17.3 3.7 15.0 23.8 15.2 2.7 7.0 .6 1.2

Riverside-San Bernardino PMSA ..... 100.0 15.0 15.3 3.9 12.7 27.0 16.4 2.0 4.7 1.1 1.1

Rochester MSA ................................ 100.0 10.8 15.4 3.0 14.2 23.7 19.4 1.4 9.2 1.4 .4

Sacramento-Yolo CMSA .................. 100.0 16.9 18.5 4.3 13.4 24.1 17.9 1.4 1.1 .4 1.5

See footnotes at end of table.

123
Table 25. Selected metropolitan areas and cities: Percent distribution of employed persons by sex, race, Hispanic origin, and occupation,

1999 annual averages — Continued

Population group and area

Total

employed1

Managerial and

professional

specialty

Technical, sales, and administrative

support

Service

occupations

Precision

production,

craft, and

repair

Operators, fabricators, and laborers

Executive,

administrative, and

managerial

Professional

specialty

Technicians and

related

support

Sales

Administrative

support,

including

clerical

Machine

operators,

assemblers,

and

inspectors

Transportation and

material

moving

Handlers,

equipment

cleaners,

helpers,

and

laborers

Women–Continued

Metropolitan areas:–Continued

St. Louis MSA2 ................................. 100.0 13.6 20.3 3.9 10.9 24.8 16.3 1.8 5.4 1.2 1.6

Salt Lake City-Ogden MSA ............... 100.0 15.8 17.7 3.4 14.4 25.8 13.2 2.2 4.1 .6 2.1

San Antonio MSA ............................. 100.0 8.1 15.9 6.1 13.9 27.0 22.1 .8 2.8 1.0 1.4

San Diego MSA ................................ 100.0 15.0 20.6 2.9 13.1 24.7 15.5 1.9 3.4 .2 1.4

San Francisco PMSA ....................... 100.0 26.1 20.8 2.9 10.5 16.1 17.3 1.0 3.2 .2 1.3

San Jose PMSA ............................... 100.0 18.3 20.6 4.6 10.7 21.7 12.5 3.7 5.1 1.2 1.3

Seattle-Bellevue-Everett PMSA ........ 100.0 19.3 17.9 4.1 12.2 23.2 15.4 2.4 2.3 .3 2.4

Tampa-St. Petersburg-Clearwater

MSA ............................................ 100.0 13.2 15.8 3.5 15.7 24.0 19.0 2.8 2.9 .2 2.0

Washington D.C. PMSA ................... 100.0 22.3 24.8 3.9 10.8 21.6 13.4 1.1 .7 .5 .7

Cities:

Baltimore central city ........................ 100.0 9.6 23.0 4.9 6.4 28.1 18.6 1.5 6.0 3 ( ) 3 ( )

Chicago central city .......................... 100.0 14.0 16.5 3.2 12.5 25.0 20.9 .7 4.4 .7 1.9

Cleveland central city ....................... 100.0 3 ( ) 11.0 3 ( ) 13.5 21.6 29.0 2.3 5.9 3 ( ) 3 ( )

Dallas central city ............................. 100.0 19.0 17.1 2.3 10.7 26.1 15.4 3.1 4.1 .7 1.5

Detroit central city ............................. 100.0 9.4 12.0 3.1 11.1 24.1 25.3 3.4 7.7 1.7 1.7

District of Columbia .......................... 100.0 21.9 26.1 4.5 6.3 21.8 16.7 .4 .5 .6 1.0

Houston central city .......................... 100.0 11.7 17.0 4.0 11.8 26.2 22.5 1.4 2.4 .9 2.1

Indianapolis central city .................... 100.0 15.0 15.9 4.1 9.6 25.4 17.1 1.9 5.2 2.5 3 ( )

Los Angeles central city .................... 100.0 13.4 17.9 2.9 11.4 19.6 21.2 1.9 8.8 .6 2.0

Milwaukee central city ...................... 100.0 14.0 9.8 3 ( ) 8.1 27.1 23.0 3.8 4.9 2.0 3 ( )

New York central city ........................ 100.0 14.8 21.1 3.0 10.0 22.4 21.4 1.1 4.2 .8 .9

Philadelphia central city .................... 100.0 11.9 18.0 4.5 11.0 24.4 22.2 .9 4.7 .5 1.8

Phoenix central city .......................... 100.0 15.2 13.2 5.6 10.5 29.0 16.5 2.7 5.3 .8 1.2

St. Louis central city ......................... 100.0 13.7 14.8 3 ( ) 8.0 25.1 23.1 3 ( ) 3 ( ) 3 ( ) 3 ( )

San Antonio central city .................... 100.0 6.6 16.6 5.1 13.9 25.9 24.2 .9 3.5 .2 1.8

San Diego central city ....................... 100.0 15.5 23.1 1.9 11.8 24.1 17.7 1.2 2.5 4 ( ) 1.6

San Francisco central city ................ 100.0 22.5 17.0 3.6 10.1 15.0 21.3 1.8 6.1 .4 1.5

White

Metropolitan areas:

Atlanta MSA ...................................... 100.0 22.5 17.6 3.1 15.6 11.4 7.1 12.2 3.0 3.8 2.6

Baltimore PMSA ............................... 100.0 17.0 22.9 3.6 11.4 12.1 11.4 11.3 1.9 3.7 3.5

Bergen-Passaic PMSA ..................... 100.0 18.7 16.2 2.4 15.8 16.1 9.2 9.5 5.5 2.8 3.2

Boston PMSA ................................... 100.0 17.9 22.5 3.4 11.2 13.0 12.4 10.1 2.8 2.6 2.8

Buffalo-Niagara Falls MSA ............... 100.0 14.5 15.4 3.3 12.3 16.4 11.8 11.3 5.8 3.9 3.7

Charlotte-Gastonia-Rock Hill MSA ... 100.0 16.9 14.4 3.8 15.5 12.5 9.7 13.5 5.6 2.8 4.4

Chicago PMSA ................................. 100.0 17.8 16.6 2.4 13.1 14.7 11.3 9.9 5.6 4.0 3.9

Cincinnati PMSA ............................... 100.0 17.5 16.6 3.9 12.0 13.5 10.8 10.5 6.1 4.6 4.1

Cleveland-Lorain-Elyria PMSA ......... 100.0 15.4 17.7 4.0 12.5 15.2 11.2 11.2 4.6 3.4 3.3

Columbus, Ohio MSA ....................... 100.0 18.1 17.5 3.1 11.1 14.8 11.4 8.8 4.9 3.9 4.4

Dallas-Fort Worth CMSA .................. 100.0 18.8 15.5 4.1 13.5 13.5 10.3 12.3 3.6 4.0 3.0

Dayton-Springfield MSA ................... 100.0 15.5 16.1 2.5 12.9 11.6 11.4 11.9 8.7 3.7 4.2

Denver-Boulder-Greeley CMSA ....... 100.0 19.1 20.8 3.3 11.7 13.6 10.1 9.9 3.5 3.7 2.9

Detroit PMSA .................................... 100.0 16.2 15.8 3.8 13.1 13.2 11.9 11.6 6.2 3.4 3.6

Fort Lauderdale PMSA ..................... 100.0 20.0 11.6 4.2 16.9 14.9 12.6 10.7 1.9 2.6 3.9

Hartford MSA .................................... 100.0 20.4 19.5 3.4 9.7 14.0 12.3 10.3 4.9 2.2 2.5

Houston PMSA ................................. 100.0 16.4 17.5 4.1 12.0 12.9 11.0 14.0 4.3 3.1 3.4

Indianapolis MSA .............................. 100.0 17.7 15.8 4.4 14.9 12.4 10.1 11.6 6.3 3.1 2.3

Kansas City MSA .............................. 100.0 16.5 15.8 3.3 12.9 16.6 9.8 13.0 4.7 3.5 3.0

Los Angeles-Long Beach PMSA ...... 100.0 14.2 15.0 2.4 11.0 13.5 13.6 10.1 9.3 4.1 4.7

Louisville MSA .................................. 100.0 14.3 16.8 2.2 12.2 15.9 9.0 12.7 4.5 5.3 5.2

Memphis MSA .................................. 100.0 19.8 13.3 5.8 16.2 16.2 10.0 10.1 3.4 2.0 2.8

Miami PMSA ..................................... 100.0 14.1 13.8 2.3 14.5 15.4 12.4 11.9 4.3 4.8 5.0

Milwaukee-Waukesha PMSA ........... 100.0 16.4 15.0 2.7 12.7 13.6 11.8 13.5 6.7 3.4 3.1

Minneapolis-St. Paul MSA ................ 100.0 19.7 19.8 4.2 13.2 12.8 10.3 9.3 4.1 2.4 3.2

Nassau-Suffolk PMSA ...................... 100.0 19.3 18.1 2.4 14.0 15.7 11.3 9.3 2.1 3.7 3.0

New Orleans MSA ............................ 100.0 16.5 18.1 5.0 15.2 12.3 11.0 11.7 2.0 3.3 3.3

New York PMSA ............................... 100.0 16.8 21.0 2.9 12.4 13.3 16.0 6.6 3.0 3.7 3.4

Newark PMSA .................................. 100.0 18.8 19.3 2.7 13.8 13.6 10.6 10.6 3.6 3.0 2.9

See footnotes at end of table.

124
Table 25. Selected metropolitan areas and cities: Percent distribution of employed persons by sex, race, Hispanic origin, and occupation,

1999 annual averages — Continued

Population group and area

Total

employed1

Managerial and

professional

specialty

Technical, sales, and administrative

support

Service

occupations

Precision

production,

craft, and

repair

Operators, fabricators, and laborers

Executive,

administrative, and

managerial

Professional

specialty

Technicians and

related

support

Sales

Administrative

support,

including

clerical

Machine

operators,

assemblers,

and

inspectors

Transportation and

material

moving

Handlers,

equipment

cleaners,

helpers,

and

laborers

White–Continued

Metropolitan areas:–Continued

Norfolk-Virginia Beach-Newport

News MSA .................................. 100.0 17.4 22.1 2.7 15.4 11.7 8.4 12.6 2.7 2.2 3.2

Oakland PMSA ................................. 100.0 19.6 21.7 4.5 13.6 12.7 9.1 8.9 1.8 3.7 3.9

Oklahoma City MSA ......................... 100.0 16.4 19.5 2.5 14.3 15.7 11.1 9.5 3.4 2.8 3.4

Orange County PMSA ...................... 100.0 18.8 15.6 2.8 13.7 12.2 12.7 11.5 6.1 1.6 3.3

Philadelphia PMSA ........................... 100.0 17.5 21.0 3.4 12.6 15.2 10.2 9.7 3.2 3.2 2.7

Phoenix-Mesa MSA .......................... 100.0 18.1 13.2 3.8 12.6 13.3 12.5 12.0 3.7 3.3 3.9

Pittsburgh MSA ................................. 100.0 16.4 16.3 3.2 12.7 15.7 13.0 9.3 4.0 4.7 3.5

Portland-Vancouver PMSA ............... 100.0 19.8 15.1 2.8 10.8 14.1 12.4 10.9 4.9 3.2 3.9

Providence-Fall River-Warwick MSA 100.0 14.1 16.5 3.1 13.3 14.2 13.5 10.6 6.8 3.2 3.5

Riverside-San Bernardino PMSA ..... 100.0 15.7 11.7 3.1 12.0 14.2 12.4 13.0 4.8 4.7 5.7

Rochester MSA ................................ 100.0 14.3 16.8 2.9 12.5 13.4 13.9 10.6 7.9 3.3 1.9

Sacramento-Yolo CMSA .................. 100.0 15.0 18.9 3.7 14.4 12.8 13.5 8.9 1.5 5.1 3.9

St. Louis MSA2 ................................. 100.0 16.5 15.7 3.7 12.0 15.5 11.0 10.7 5.8 4.2 4.0

Salt Lake City-Ogden MSA ............... 100.0 16.6 16.6 3.6 12.7 15.6 10.6 11.5 5.1 3.3 3.1

San Antonio MSA ............................. 100.0 12.0 13.5 5.5 12.1 17.3 16.3 9.7 3.9 4.0 4.1

San Diego MSA ................................ 100.0 17.3 19.6 3.8 12.1 15.3 13.0 9.1 3.2 1.9 2.5

San Francisco PMSA ....................... 100.0 24.8 22.6 3.2 11.9 10.9 11.7 8.4 1.9 1.9 2.5

San Jose PMSA ............................... 100.0 17.8 20.7 2.6 11.1 14.3 9.7 11.9 3.4 2.5 3.0

Seattle-Bellevue-Everett PMSA ........ 100.0 21.4 19.2 3.9 11.3 12.0 10.0 11.1 3.2 3.3 3.4

Tampa-St. Petersburg-Clearwater

MSA ............................................ 100.0 15.4 14.1 3.4 13.6 14.1 13.4 11.9 3.3 3.9 3.7

Washington D.C. PMSA ................... 100.0 25.3 28.3 3.6 8.9 10.8 9.4 8.5 1.2 1.5 1.6

Cities:

Baltimore central city ........................ 100.0 12.5 27.7 3.4 9.3 8.7 21.9 8.6 2.3 3 ( ) 3 ( )

Chicago central city .......................... 100.0 14.8 16.3 2.4 12.4 13.4 16.7 7.7 7.3 3.7 4.7

Cleveland central city ....................... 100.0 3 ( ) 7.2 3 ( ) 14.1 14.7 17.5 15.0 12.5 3 ( ) 3 ( )

Dallas central city ............................. 100.0 19.0 15.6 3.6 12.7 13.0 12.7 12.5 3.7 2.1 3.6

Detroit central city ............................. 100.0 6.4 9.9 4 ( ) 5.4 20.9 23.3 12.3 5.1 6.0 5.8

District of Columbia .......................... 100.0 27.5 41.6 3.9 5.6 7.6 9.9 2.2 .3 .5 .8

Houston central city .......................... 100.0 11.9 17.4 4.0 10.9 12.5 13.4 15.8 5.5 2.5 4.7

Indianapolis central city .................... 100.0 19.4 15.6 3.5 14.6 13.3 9.7 10.3 6.2 2.7 3 ( )

Los Angeles central city .................... 100.0 11.9 15.4 2.1 10.9 11.6 16.3 9.0 10.8 3.8 5.0

Milwaukee central city ...................... 100.0 14.1 10.9 3 ( ) 7.4 17.3 19.1 12.7 7.5 4.4 3 ( )

New York central city ........................ 100.0 15.5 19.8 3.0 12.3 14.0 16.4 6.7 3.5 4.4 3.8

Philadelphia central city .................... 100.0 14.0 22.8 2.2 10.1 17.4 12.0 9.0 4.5 3.8 3.5

Phoenix central city .......................... 100.0 14.9 10.8 4.1 10.8 13.5 13.2 14.2 4.7 4.0 6.1

St. Louis central city ......................... 100.0 18.4 11.1 3 ( ) 9.0 23.9 7.0 3 ( ) 3 ( ) 3 ( ) 3 ( )

San Antonio central city .................... 100.0 10.8 13.9 5.4 12.3 16.9 17.3 8.8 4.4 3.3 4.6

San Diego central city ....................... 100.0 17.0 23.5 4.0 11.9 16.0 15.3 5.0 1.3 1.7 3.0

San Francisco central city ................ 100.0 24.9 22.5 3.8 10.4 12.5 12.7 6.8 1.2 3.1 1.5

Black

Metropolitan areas:

Atlanta MSA ...................................... 100.0 12.4 9.0 5.6 11.8 18.9 15.7 9.1 5.7 5.2 5.6

Baltimore PMSA ............................... 100.0 10.0 19.1 4.6 7.5 16.3 20.3 5.5 6.5 5.0 4.8

Bergen-Passaic PMSA ..................... 100.0 6.0 14.4 1.5 11.6 27.7 13.1 1.7 13.9 5.8 4.5

Boston PMSA ................................... 100.0 7.5 12.2 6.0 6.6 14.6 34.2 5.9 4.9 3.1 4.9

Buffalo-Niagara Falls MSA ............... 100.0 8.7 7.5 4 ( ) 9.1 13.5 37.5 5.0 9.9 1.6 5.6

Charlotte-Gastonia-Rock Hill MSA ... 100.0 9.1 10.9 3.7 10.6 16.0 13.4 10.2 9.3 7.6 8.4

Chicago PMSA ................................. 100.0 11.0 13.2 3.7 8.6 23.6 17.0 5.8 5.5 6.4 4.7

Cincinnati PMSA ............................... 100.0 8.5 19.9 2.0 8.2 12.4 17.2 12.5 7.3 7.1 4.0

Cleveland-Lorain-Elyria PMSA ......... 100.0 8.2 13.0 3.8 9.7 16.9 24.5 7.5 8.7 3.5 4.0

Columbus, Ohio MSA ....................... 100.0 12.1 7.1 4.1 10.6 13.7 22.6 9.0 6.2 6.3 8.3

Dallas-Fort Worth CMSA .................. 100.0 15.3 10.0 3.1 9.3 24.7 17.0 6.2 4.8 5.2 3.4

Dayton-Springfield MSA ................... 100.0 8.8 15.9 2.0 7.5 9.0 23.5 8.7 15.2 7.0 2.0

Denver-Boulder-Greeley CMSA ....... 100.0 15.2 10.6 2.7 6.2 19.7 24.0 7.6 3.4 5.9 4.6

Detroit PMSA .................................... 100.0 9.9 10.6 2.8 8.6 15.7 22.4 9.7 11.7 3.7 3.8

Fort Lauderdale PMSA ..................... 100.0 5.4 9.3 2.5 8.6 17.5 32.8 10.0 1.4 6.4 3.4

Hartford MSA .................................... 100.0 11.4 17.6 8.0 5.7 20.9 14.3 8.7 4.1 5.1 4.1

See footnotes at end of table.

125
Table 25. Selected metropolitan areas and cities: Percent distribution of employed persons by sex, race, Hispanic origin, and occupation,

1999 annual averages — Continued

Population group and area

Total

employed1

Managerial and

professional

specialty

Technical, sales, and administrative

support

Service

occupations

Precision

production,

craft, and

repair

Operators, fabricators, and laborers

Executive,

administrative, and

managerial

Professional

specialty

Technicians and

related

support

Sales

Administrative

support,

including

clerical

Machine

operators,

assemblers,

and

inspectors

Transportation and

material

moving

Handlers,

equipment

cleaners,

helpers,

and

laborers

Black–Continued

Metropolitan areas:–Continued

Houston PMSA ................................. 100.0 8.5 12.0 2.3 11.6 17.7 22.4 8.9 2.6 7.6 5.1

Indianapolis MSA .............................. 100.0 11.8 13.1 1.0 5.4 16.9 27.0 5.7 3.5 10.6 5.0

Kansas City MSA .............................. 100.0 11.3 15.3 4.5 8.4 15.7 20.0 8.5 6.7 3.7 5.5

Los Angeles-Long Beach PMSA ...... 100.0 15.9 18.3 4.3 11.2 18.5 16.1 6.1 1.5 3.5 4.3

Louisville MSA .................................. 100.0 7.6 6.3 4.0 11.8 22.5 17.5 9.8 3.5 11.7 5.5

Memphis MSA .................................. 100.0 9.9 4.9 2.0 11.9 22.3 23.4 7.7 6.6 6.5 4.1

Miami PMSA ..................................... 100.0 7.4 6.8 3.4 10.7 13.9 27.3 10.3 1.8 9.7 6.5

Milwaukee-Waukesha PMSA ........... 100.0 10.1 8.3 3.8 5.0 19.6 24.2 9.7 7.9 6.3 5.1

Minneapolis-St. Paul MSA ................ 100.0 5.5 13.5 3.1 8.3 28.8 12.5 5.9 6.2 8.1 8.2

Nassau-Suffolk PMSA ...................... 100.0 8.0 19.0 3.1 8.5 17.1 24.8 4.7 3.8 6.4 1.0

New Orleans MSA ............................ 100.0 5.7 12.5 6.3 10.5 14.8 21.5 5.4 5.8 7.6 7.2

New York PMSA ............................... 100.0 11.3 13.2 3.1 7.1 18.0 28.5 7.6 2.9 4.3 3.5

Newark PMSA .................................. 100.0 8.1 13.0 2.5 9.4 18.8 23.5 4.3 4.7 6.0 9.0

Norfolk-Virginia Beach-Newport

News MSA .................................. 100.0 11.7 9.5 3.8 9.6 15.7 16.5 8.9 9.0 9.0 5.6

Oakland PMSA ................................. 100.0 25.1 14.0 5.5 8.9 18.8 16.8 1.0 1.1 5.7 2.5

Oklahoma City MSA ......................... 100.0 13.1 13.7 .5 7.6 9.1 30.4 5.5 7.8 4.5 7.9

Orange County PMSA ...................... 100.0 15.5 25.0 4 ( ) 8.2 28.3 9.0 13.9 4 ( ) 4 ( ) 4 ( )

Philadelphia PMSA ........................... 100.0 9.9 14.2 4.6 11.1 19.6 24.9 4.0 5.9 3.4 2.2

Phoenix-Mesa MSA .......................... 100.0 13.5 9.4 5.2 12.1 28.3 15.7 2.1 3.6 5.8 4.3

Pittsburgh MSA ................................. 100.0 8.2 12.8 1.8 13.0 19.7 23.0 8.8 1.8 6.1 4.6

Portland-Vancouver PMSA ............... 100.0 11.4 12.2 4 ( ) 14.1 14.4 14.3 19.4 4 ( ) 10.3 2.8

Providence-Fall River-Warwick MSA 100.0 8.7 11.1 2.3 19.7 21.9 11.0 7.5 11.1 4 ( ) 6.6

Riverside-San Bernardino PMSA ..... 100.0 9.3 10.1 2.1 10.9 23.5 17.8 11.8 2.7 5.7 5.4

Rochester MSA ................................ 100.0 6.5 8.0 3.9 13.8 15.7 29.8 2.1 10.4 3.9 5.4

Sacramento-Yolo CMSA .................. 100.0 18.0 7.2 4.8 2.3 42.8 13.5 6.5 .9 2.9 1.1

St. Louis MSA2 ................................. 100.0 12.6 15.8 2.8 10.7 12.6 23.0 4.2 9.2 2.7 5.2

San Antonio MSA ............................. 100.0 15.6 12.2 2.9 16.8 16.0 16.1 6.5 4.5 6.0 3.5

San Diego MSA ................................ 100.0 8.0 17.8 5.7 12.7 19.6 16.0 9.1 1.5 7.0 4 ( )

San Francisco PMSA ....................... 100.0 15.6 17.9 3.4 7.3 11.4 33.2 1.0 2.0 3.3 1.9

San Jose PMSA ............................... 100.0 13.8 24.5 6.9 5.5 10.3 19.3 11.5 4 ( ) 7.3 .7

Seattle-Bellevue-Everett PMSA ........ 100.0 6.0 21.5 4 ( ) 6.0 21.6 23.7 5.9 4.7 4.5 6.1

Tampa-St. Petersburg-Clearwater

MSA ............................................ 100.0 6.6 9.4 3.2 12.4 15.2 25.1 9.2 7.8 4.0 6.1

Washington D.C. PMSA ................... 100.0 20.4 12.9 2.3 9.6 19.9 19.4 5.5 1.4 6.3 2.2

Cities:

Baltimore central city ........................ 100.0 7.6 16.6 5.6 5.7 17.5 22.3 7.1 6.7 3 ( ) 3 ( )

Chicago central city .......................... 100.0 9.5 9.5 3.1 10.3 23.2 21.0 5.0 6.3 5.9 5.3

Cleveland central city ....................... 100.0 3 ( ) 11.5 3 ( ) 7.4 18.9 29.9 4.3 7.9 3 ( ) 3 ( )

Dallas central city ............................. 100.0 17.8 7.0 3.2 6.5 26.9 15.3 6.8 5.1 6.2 3.3

Detroit central city ............................. 100.0 7.9 9.2 2.6 8.2 16.7 25.1 8.9 12.5 4.3 3.6

District of Columbia .......................... 100.0 15.4 13.4 4.0 6.8 21.5 21.2 7.3 1.6 4.8 3.7

Houston central city .......................... 100.0 6.9 10.0 2.7 11.1 18.7 27.4 8.1 2.6 6.7 4.3

Indianapolis central city .................... 100.0 12.0 13.0 1.1 5.7 17.1 26.8 5.4 2.7 11.1 3 ( )

Los Angeles central city .................... 100.0 16.0 17.4 3.0 11.7 20.0 16.3 6.1 1.8 4.1 2.8

Milwaukee central city ...................... 100.0 10.8 6.2 3 ( ) 5.0 20.2 25.0 10.1 6.4 6.4 3 ( )

New York central city ........................ 100.0 10.7 12.9 3.0 6.9 18.5 29.0 7.9 3.0 4.4 3.5

Philadelphia central city .................... 100.0 8.9 13.6 5.8 10.3 17.5 28.3 3.5 5.7 3.3 2.6

Phoenix central city .......................... 100.0 3.1 3.3 6.8 10.4 28.2 22.3 2.7 7.5 8.1 7.6

St. Louis central city ......................... 100.0 16.5 10.3 3 ( ) 12.0 13.3 30.1 3 ( ) 3 ( ) 3 ( ) 3 ( )

San Antonio central city .................... 100.0 9.2 14.4 3.6 12.2 14.7 20.2 8.1 5.6 7.5 4.4

San Diego central city ....................... 100.0 8.0 19.7 5.0 15.0 15.3 16.4 8.3 4 ( ) 8.6 4 ( )

San Francisco central city ................ 100.0 17.1 16.2 3.7 8.0 7.2 36.6 1.2 2.2 2.5 2.0

Hispanic origin

Metropolitan areas:

Atlanta MSA ...................................... 100.0 14.1 10.1 .3 7.8 6.7 11.0 22.2 10.3 3.5 11.7

Baltimore PMSA ............................... 100.0 8.5 25.4 4 ( ) 4 ( ) 24.2 22.4 11.1 4 ( ) 3.3 5.0

Bergen-Passaic PMSA ..................... 100.0 3.1 3.4 1.5 14.7 14.2 15.3 8.7 24.2 8.0 5.7

Boston PMSA ................................... 100.0 4.2 9.6 .8 8.3 8.7 40.4 6.8 8.4 2.7 7.9

See footnotes at end of table.

126
Table 25. Selected metropolitan areas and cities: Percent distribution of employed persons by sex, race, Hispanic origin, and occupation,

1999 annual averages — Continued

Population group and area

Total

employed1

Managerial and

professional

specialty

Technical, sales, and administrative

support

Service

occupations

Precision

production,

craft, and

repair

Operators, fabricators, and laborers

Executive,

administrative, and

managerial

Professional

specialty

Technicians and

related

support

Sales

Administrative

support,

including

clerical

Machine

operators,

assemblers,

and

inspectors

Transportation and

material

moving

Handlers,

equipment

cleaners,

helpers,

and

laborers

Hispanic origin–Continued

Metropolitan areas:–Continued

Charlotte-Gastonia-Rock Hill MSA ... 100.0 4 ( ) 2.4 6.5 12.9 11.4 11.2 13.7 25.0 4 ( ) 15.0

Chicago PMSA ................................. 100.0 6.2 4.3 1.2 9.2 13.7 19.4 10.5 19.0 5.2 8.9

Cincinnati PMSA ............................... 100.0 10.6 49.0 8.4 7.8 17.5 6.7 4 ( ) 4 ( ) 4 ( ) 4 ( )

Cleveland-Lorain-Elyria PMSA ......... 100.0 .9 4.0 3.9 7.3 7.6 24.7 21.6 21.1 5.0 3.9

Columbus, Ohio MSA ....................... 100.0 5.4 11.5 4 ( ) 4 ( ) 14.8 10.4 23.4 19.8 9.0 5.8

Dallas-Fort Worth CMSA .................. 100.0 9.2 5.0 1.6 7.6 12.6 18.5 20.8 10.0 5.4 7.1

Denver-Boulder-Greeley CMSA ....... 100.0 11.8 9.1 2.0 8.6 16.1 19.7 12.3 6.4 5.2 7.4

Detroit PMSA .................................... 100.0 9.6 8.0 2.0 6.7 4.3 35.1 9.8 8.4 4.5 6.1

Fort Lauderdale PMSA ..................... 100.0 12.5 6.9 2.6 17.3 17.2 17.2 11.4 3.6 3.9 6.5

Hartford MSA .................................... 100.0 10.2 7.3 3.1 12.1 10.7 18.7 19.1 7.3 2.8 8.7

Houston PMSA ................................. 100.0 6.2 6.2 2.9 8.4 10.7 19.5 23.8 9.6 4.0 6.3

Indianapolis MSA .............................. 100.0 30.8 2.4 4 ( ) 4 ( ) 4 ( ) 9.2 36.0 7.1 3.0 11.6

Kansas City MSA .............................. 100.0 2.3 6.3 .7 11.6 5.7 30.9 20.9 16.4 .4 4.9

Los Angeles-Long Beach PMSA ...... 100.0 6.9 5.2 1.8 8.6 13.8 18.7 12.7 15.7 5.7 7.3

Miami PMSA ..................................... 100.0 11.7 10.1 2.5 12.9 16.4 13.9 13.6 5.6 5.9 6.1

Milwaukee-Waukesha PMSA ........... 100.0 7.3 .9 4 ( ) .9 7.1 13.3 17.3 38.4 4 ( ) 14.7

Minneapolis-St. Paul MSA ................ 100.0 15.9 4.0 4.8 9.3 2.3 43.6 3.1 6.1 2.9 5.7

Nassau-Suffolk PMSA ...................... 100.0 10.3 4.3 1.5 11.5 10.1 23.9 9.5 13.0 2.7 8.3

New Orleans MSA ............................ 100.0 16.8 11.9 4 ( ) 14.5 21.9 13.9 10.0 3.1 7.3 .5

New York PMSA ............................... 100.0 9.7 8.0 1.9 8.3 13.3 29.4 8.2 7.8 6.3 6.4

Newark PMSA .................................. 100.0 9.0 5.2 1.1 8.0 14.7 14.3 13.2 15.8 10.0 5.8

Norfolk-Virginia Beach-Newport

News MSA .................................. 100.0 16.9 20.8 4 ( ) 6.1 1.7 5.3 4 ( ) 7.6 5.6 26.0

Oakland PMSA ................................. 100.0 11.3 5.4 3.3 7.9 16.6 21.6 14.5 3.4 6.1 7.6

Oklahoma City MSA ......................... 100.0 11.0 12.4 8.2 9.9 10.2 11.5 16.0 6.6 4 ( ) 13.2

Orange County PMSA ...................... 100.0 5.6 6.8 1.8 7.4 11.4 21.7 13.8 17.2 2.8 6.8

Philadelphia PMSA ........................... 100.0 8.3 8.2 3.3 8.9 13.7 16.3 11.4 14.9 4.4 4.5

Phoenix-Mesa MSA .......................... 100.0 6.4 5.1 2.8 7.3 9.4 18.6 19.5 6.1 3.7 10.0

Pittsburgh MSA ................................. 100.0 26.9 15.9 2.3 2.6 28.5 8.6 2.3 8.0 4 ( ) 5.0

Portland-Vancouver PMSA ............... 100.0 11.7 7.1 .7 5.5 11.4 18.9 6.7 11.8 3.5 8.5

Providence-Fall River-Warwick MSA 100.0 1.8 8.1 3.2 4.7 15.7 13.0 14.8 19.4 2.8 11.5

Riverside-San Bernardino PMSA ..... 100.0 7.3 3.8 1.8 7.4 13.6 16.1 20.9 9.5 5.3 8.8

Rochester MSA ................................ 100.0 3.6 10.7 4 ( ) 3.7 23.1 31.5 10.8 6.9 6.6 3.1

Sacramento-Yolo CMSA .................. 100.0 8.1 10.9 6.9 7.5 14.9 17.2 9.2 4.2 4.7 5.4

St. Louis MSA2 ................................. 100.0 17.1 4 ( ) 6.2 12.0 12.9 17.3 4 ( ) 27.1 1.8 5.7

Salt Lake City-Ogden MSA ............... 100.0 5.9 7.0 3.3 7.8 8.7 19.2 21.6 16.4 1.3 8.5

San Antonio MSA ............................. 100.0 7.7 8.2 5.0 11.3 16.9 21.5 11.5 5.9 3.8 6.0

San Diego MSA ................................ 100.0 10.6 8.2 1.9 7.9 18.8 22.0 8.1 7.9 3.2 5.0

San Francisco PMSA ....................... 100.0 14.5 7.5 1.3 6.5 12.2 29.1 11.4 6.2 4.5 5.9

San Jose PMSA ............................... 100.0 6.1 7.0 .8 9.8 8.8 19.8 19.4 8.0 6.5 6.2

Seattle-Bellevue-Everett PMSA ........ 100.0 5.2 10.4 5.2 8.0 1.9 14.0 23.7 11.7 5.5 12.0

Tampa-St. Petersburg-Clearwater

MSA ............................................ 100.0 10.1 6.8 2.1 12.7 12.0 16.8 8.6 8.8 3.9 5.0

Washington D.C. PMSA ................... 100.0 16.1 8.1 2.3 7.7 10.2 32.3 12.7 2.9 2.1 4.1

Cities:

Baltimore central city ........................ 100.0 3.8 21.7 4 ( ) 4 ( ) 4 ( ) 54.2 4 ( ) 4 ( ) 3 ( ) 3 ( )

Chicago central city .......................... 100.0 6.2 3.9 1.6 10.7 15.4 21.2 9.4 17.1 4.5 8.8

Dallas central city ............................. 100.0 8.9 3.1 1.8 6.7 15.0 19.5 20.6 9.5 3.8 8.3

Detroit central city ............................. 100.0 3.2 5.6 4 ( ) 3.8 8.2 18.5 15.3 12.7 8.0 6.3

District of Columbia .......................... 100.0 6.9 7.7 2.5 7.4 10.9 47.3 10.3 1.1 2.5 2.4

Houston central city .......................... 100.0 4.2 6.3 2.0 8.3 11.2 20.6 24.4 9.4 3.4 7.7

Los Angeles central city .................... 100.0 5.1 3.6 1.8 8.3 11.6 22.6 11.5 17.4 5.3 7.7

New York central city ........................ 100.0 10.2 7.8 1.9 8.2 13.9 27.6 8.3 8.3 6.4 6.6

Philadelphia central city .................... 100.0 4.4 6.7 2.5 1.9 23.8 18.8 8.9 24.9 2.9 5.4

Phoenix central city .......................... 100.0 6.0 3.4 2.9 6.0 9.6 21.8 20.0 6.9 3.0 12.6

San Antonio central city .................... 100.0 7.4 8.3 5.2 11.7 16.5 20.7 11.1 6.1 4.4 6.0

San Diego central city ....................... 100.0 12.8 8.9 .3 7.0 22.5 25.5 4.5 3.2 4.5 9.7

San Francisco central city ................ 100.0 12.8 7.5 1.5 1.6 18.9 25.8 11.8 6.2 8.0 4.0

1 Includes farming, forestry, and fishing not shown separately. 2 Data do not reflect the official U.S. Office of Management and Budget

definition. See appendix C. 3 Data are not shown when the labor force base does not meet BLS publication

standards of reliability for the particular area, based on the sample in that area and

occupation. See appendix B.

4 Less than 500 persons employed or less than 0.05 percent of total employed.

 NOTE: Items may not add to totals or compute to displayed percentages

because of rounding. Data for demographic groups are not shown when they do

not meet BLS publication standards of reliability for the particular area based on the

sample in that area. See appendix B.

127
Table 26. Selected metropolitan areas and cities: Unemployment rates by occupation, 1999 annual averages

Area

Total

unemployed1

Executive,

administrative, and

managerial

Professional

specialty

Technicians and

related

support

Sales

Administrative

support,

including

clerical

Service

occupations

Precision

production,

craft, and

repair

Machine

operators,

assemblers,

and

inspectors

Transportation and

material

moving

Handlers,

equipment

cleaners,

helpers,

and

laborers

Metropolitan areas:

Buffalo-Niagara Falls MSA ............... 5.5 3.8 2.3 2 ( ) 4.3 3.3 7.9 5.0 9.1 2 ( ) 2 ( )

Chicago PMSA ................................. 4.1 2.4 2.0 1.4 5.4 3.3 5.2 5.1 6.5 3.0 11.3

Dallas-Fort Worth CMSA .................. 3.7 2.3 2.1 .0 4.1 4.2 6.2 4.1 3.8 4.2 10.2

Detroit PMSA .................................... 3.7 2.1 1.7 2.1 3.8 3.5 5.0 3.1 4.9 2.3 13.0

Houston PMSA ................................. 4.0 2.1 1.7 2.9 3.7 4.0 6.5 4.7 5.2 4.7 9.2

Los Angeles-Long Beach PMSA ...... 5.2 3.2 4.6 3.5 4.7 4.7 6.9 5.7 6.5 5.3 10.3

Miami PMSA ..................................... 4.4 1.5 1.8 2 ( ) 3.8 4.2 6.6 3.4 11.7 3.8 10.7

New York PMSA ............................... 5.5 2.4 2.6 4.2 6.1 6.9 7.0 6.5 6.5 4.3 14.0

Newark PMSA .................................. 5.1 4.7 1.5 2 ( ) 4.1 6.3 6.5 2.5 5.4 11.2 11.9

Philadelphia PMSA ........................... 3.7 1.9 1.5 .4 4.2 4.2 5.5 4.1 7.3 4.1 11.4

Phoenix-Mesa MSA .......................... 3.3 1.7 2.5 .7 3.8 3.4 4.8 3.2 4.7 2.2 7.5

Portland-Vancouver PMSA ............... 5.3 3.0 2.5 2 ( ) 10.3 4.6 6.8 3.8 7.2 3.8 10.8

St. Louis MSA3 ................................. 3.3 1.3 2.2 .7 2.0 2.1 6.4 4.7 5.2 5.4 5.4

Washington D.C. PMSA ................... 3.1 .9 1.7 1.3 5.3 3.5 5.9 1.9 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

Cities:

Chicago central city .......................... 7.1 3.5 3.0 2.1 9.0 6.0 6.7 11.4 11.4 5.0 17.2

District of Columbia .......................... 6.1 1.9 1.9 5.1 12.3 7.4 9.8 8.8 2 ( ) 3.4 24.2

Houston central city .......................... 4.9 4.3 2.2 2 ( ) 3.7 4.3 7.3 4.3 6.2 2 ( ) 8.7

Los Angeles central city .................... 6.1 3.1 5.8 2.4 5.8 6.4 7.1 6.9 8.2 2.5 10.7

Milwaukee central city ...................... 9.3 6.3 3.1 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 9.8 16.2 .0 5.9 2 ( ) 2 ( )

New York central city ........................ 6.1 3.0 3.0 4.7 6.6 7.2 7.6 7.1 6.7 4.4 15.1

Philadelphia central city .................... 5.8 2.5 1.7 2 ( ) 8.7 5.7 5.6 8.3 8.8 2 ( ) 2 ( )

1 Excludes persons with no previous work experience, includes farming,

forestry, and fishing not shown separately. 2 Data are not shown when the labor force base does not meet BLS publication

standards of reliability for the particular area, based on the sample in that area. 

See appendix B.

3 Data do not reflect the official U.S. Office of Management and Budget

definition. See appendix C.

 NOTE: No data are shown for a specific area when they do not meet BLS

publication standards of reliability for the particular area based on the sample in

that area. See appendix B.

128
Table 27. Selected metropolitan areas and cities: Percent distribution of employed persons, excluding private household workers, by sex,

race, and Hispanic origin, 1999 annual averages

Population group and area Total1

Private nonagricultural wage and salary workers

Government Total2 Construction

Manufacturing Transportation,

communications,

 and

public

utilities

Trade

Finance,

insurance,

and real

estate

Services Total Durable

goods

Nondurable

goods

TOTAL

Metropolitan areas:

Atlanta MSA .................................................... 100.0 81.1 5.9 10.9 5.5 5.4 9.9 21.9 6.3 26.1 11.1

Baltimore PMSA ............................................. 100.0 71.7 5.0 9.1 4.8 4.3 5.5 17.4 6.0 28.8 21.0

Bergen-Passaic PMSA ................................... 100.0 83.4 3.7 17.0 6.8 10.2 7.2 19.6 9.4 26.3 10.8

Boston PMSA ................................................. 100.0 80.9 3.9 11.3 7.6 3.7 4.9 17.7 7.9 35.1 10.6

Buffalo-Niagara Falls MSA ............................. 100.0 77.0 4.8 14.9 9.3 5.7 5.8 20.0 6.5 24.9 17.4

Charlotte-Gastonia-Rock Hill MSA ................. 100.0 82.6 6.4 19.1 8.5 10.6 6.0 20.8 7.2 22.8 12.0

Chicago PMSA ............................................... 100.0 82.4 4.3 15.5 9.0 6.4 7.4 19.3 7.6 28.4 11.8

Cincinnati PMSA ............................................. 100.0 84.3 5.0 19.3 9.5 9.9 6.3 20.3 6.8 26.5 9.8

Cleveland-Lorain-Elyria PMSA ....................... 100.0 84.8 4.5 18.9 13.2 5.7 4.2 18.5 6.9 31.9 10.1

Columbus, Ohio MSA ..................................... 100.0 77.7 4.4 13.6 7.8 5.8 6.1 22.2 7.4 24.0 15.3

Dallas-Fort Worth CMSA ................................ 100.0 82.5 5.4 13.8 9.2 4.6 9.6 20.2 7.9 25.0 9.3

Dayton-Springfield MSA ................................. 100.0 82.1 3.7 22.9 17.9 5.0 4.6 21.5 2.8 26.5 12.9

Denver-Boulder-Greeley CMSA ..................... 100.0 77.4 5.6 10.8 6.8 4.0 7.2 18.5 7.3 27.6 14.4

Detroit PMSA .................................................. 100.0 84.4 4.5 22.1 18.7 3.4 4.7 20.5 5.6 26.9 9.9

Fort Lauderdale PMSA ................................... 100.0 83.2 6.6 7.9 5.4 2.5 8.3 23.3 9.1 28.0 12.2

Hartford MSA .................................................. 100.0 79.0 4.4 18.0 13.8 4.2 6.5 15.9 11.4 22.8 14.4

Houston PMSA ............................................... 100.0 81.3 7.2 12.0 6.5 5.5 7.6 20.2 5.1 26.7 10.0

Indianapolis MSA ............................................ 100.0 83.8 6.6 17.7 12.1 5.7 5.5 18.5 7.5 27.9 8.9

Kansas City MSA ............................................ 100.0 80.5 5.4 14.4 7.9 6.4 8.8 19.0 7.7 25.3 13.9

Los Angeles-Long Beach PMSA .................... 100.0 76.5 4.0 16.6 9.2 7.5 5.9 18.5 5.2 26.2 11.6

Louisville MSA ................................................ 100.0 83.4 7.0 15.3 8.4 6.9 8.8 17.6 6.8 27.6 9.4

Memphis MSA ................................................ 100.0 80.4 4.4 10.7 5.2 5.5 12.4 21.4 6.7 24.8 15.4

Miami PMSA ................................................... 100.0 81.5 7.1 8.4 3.9 4.4 10.4 22.4 6.4 26.8 11.3

Milwaukee-Waukesha PMSA ......................... 100.0 82.7 5.1 23.3 15.9 7.4 4.2 18.2 7.1 24.7 12.1

Minneapolis-St. Paul MSA .............................. 100.0 81.6 4.3 18.9 12.6 6.3 6.0 18.7 8.0 25.6 12.1

Nassau-Suffolk PMSA .................................... 100.0 74.0 4.4 9.1 4.6 4.6 7.1 18.3 9.6 25.5 18.4

New Orleans MSA .......................................... 100.0 78.1 5.3 9.2 4.3 4.9 6.0 20.9 4.2 31.3 15.4

New York PMSA ............................................. 100.0 79.0 4.3 7.9 2.3 5.6 6.1 17.7 9.7 33.3 14.2

Newark PMSA ................................................ 100.0 79.5 3.6 13.9 5.1 8.8 8.1 17.5 8.7 27.6 14.6

Norfolk-Virginia Beach-Newport News MSA .. 100.0 74.0 7.1 12.2 9.2 3.1 6.4 16.1 6.9 25.4 19.2

Oakland PMSA ............................................... 100.0 74.6 5.2 8.8 6.4 2.5 6.8 18.2 7.4 27.8 14.7

Oklahoma City MSA ....................................... 100.0 70.1 4.9 10.1 6.9 3.2 3.7 22.5 5.4 22.6 21.6

Orange County PMSA .................................... 100.0 79.8 4.5 18.7 13.3 5.4 4.1 19.3 6.2 26.8 9.6

Philadelphia PMSA ......................................... 100.0 81.1 3.8 12.2 6.3 6.0 5.1 19.2 7.5 33.2 12.5

Phoenix-Mesa MSA ........................................ 100.0 80.5 8.1 12.7 9.7 3.0 5.8 18.3 8.2 27.3 11.1

Pittsburgh MSA ............................................... 100.0 83.7 4.9 12.6 8.5 4.2 6.8 20.8 6.6 31.5 10.0

Portland-Vancouver PMSA ............................. 100.0 78.7 4.9 15.5 11.5 4.0 6.4 20.0 6.1 25.5 10.0

Providence-Fall River-Warwick MSA .............. 100.0 81.6 4.2 18.6 11.6 7.0 3.4 22.1 6.6 26.6 12.6

Riverside-San Bernardino PMSA ................... 100.0 71.4 7.0 11.2 8.4 2.8 6.3 19.7 4.6 22.7 19.3

Rochester MSA .............................................. 100.0 78.1 4.1 23.5 17.2 6.3 3.0 20.1 4.6 22.6 14.8

Sacramento-Yolo CMSA ................................ 100.0 67.1 4.9 5.3 3.8 1.4 4.7 18.7 10.1 23.1 21.4

St. Louis MSA3 ............................................... 100.0 84.5 5.6 13.9 8.1 5.8 5.6 21.4 7.1 31.0 10.2

Salt Lake City-Ogden MSA ............................. 100.0 77.8 5.8 12.0 8.4 3.6 6.3 22.6 7.0 23.6 15.3

San Antonio MSA ........................................... 100.0 74.4 8.0 6.0 3.9 2.2 5.3 19.9 6.1 28.5 17.5

San Diego MSA .............................................. 100.0 74.1 5.0 13.5 11.1 2.4 3.4 18.9 6.2 27.1 14.6

San Francisco PMSA ..................................... 100.0 76.4 5.6 10.3 3.3 7.1 5.3 16.1 8.0 31.0 11.5

San Jose PMSA ............................................. 100.0 81.0 4.8 24.6 22.9 1.7 4.3 14.2 4.3 28.7 11.4

Seattle-Bellevue-Everett PMSA ...................... 100.0 78.5 6.4 16.8 12.8 4.0 6.2 17.9 6.5 24.5 13.2

Tampa-St. Petersburg-Clearwater MSA ......... 100.0 80.0 7.4 9.3 5.7 3.6 7.3 23.1 6.8 26.1 11.3

Washington D.C. PMSA ................................. 100.0 69.6 5.3 4.5 2.1 2.3 6.0 14.9 5.2 33.7 24.0

Cities:

Baltimore central city ...................................... 100.0 77.2 4 ( ) 8.5 4 ( ) 6.1 4.9 16.9 6.9 37.1 19.5

Chicago central city ........................................ 100.0 80.5 2.6 12.4 7.3 5.1 6.4 20.1 8.7 30.4 14.2

Cleveland central city ..................................... 100.0 87.3 4 ( ) 18.3 13.0 4 ( ) 4 ( ) 18.1 8.4 34.4 10.2

Dallas central city ........................................... 100.0 82.5 6.0 10.6 6.2 4.4 7.5 17.8 9.6 30.2 9.1

Detroit central city ........................................... 100.0 79.0 2.4 18.8 16.1 2.7 5.1 17.7 4.5 30.5 17.2

District of Columbia ........................................ 100.0 69.7 2.9 3.0 .6 2.5 5.3 11.7 5.9 40.9 24.8

Houston central city ........................................ 100.0 83.1 7.0 10.5 4.9 5.6 8.4 20.2 4.7 31.1 8.2

Indianapolis central city .................................. 100.0 82.7 6.5 14.6 11.0 3.6 5.5 19.4 8.7 28.0 10.9

See footnotes at end of table.

129
Table 27. Selected metropolitan areas and cities: Percent distribution of employed persons, excluding private household workers, by sex,

race, and Hispanic origin, 1999 annual averages — Continued

Population group and area Total1

Private nonagricultural wage and salary workers

Government Total2 Construction

Manufacturing Transportation,

communications,

 and

public

utilities

Trade

Finance,

insurance,

and real

estate

Services Total Durable

goods

Nondurable

goods

TOTAL–Continued

Cities:–Continued

Los Angeles central city .................................. 100.0 77.2 4.1 15.7 7.2 8.5 5.0 18.7 5.8 27.9 8.3

Milwaukee central city .................................... 100.0 75.5 4 ( ) 16.8 10.9 5.9 7.7 14.3 6.4 27.3 21.0

New York central city ...................................... 100.0 79.5 4.2 8.0 2.0 6.0 6.3 17.5 10.0 33.5 14.0

Philadelphia central city .................................. 100.0 79.5 2.6 8.9 5.1 3.8 5.3 17.8 5.1 39.7 15.9

Phoenix central city ........................................ 100.0 83.6 9.2 14.3 10.5 3.7 5.1 19.7 7.9 27.4 9.8

St. Louis central city ....................................... 100.0 84.8 4 ( ) 10.1 4 ( ) 4 ( ) 4 ( ) 22.6 10.6 36.7 12.0

San Antonio central city .................................. 100.0 75.9 7.9 5.4 3.1 4 ( ) 5.0 21.3 6.4 29.7 16.3

San Diego central city ..................................... 100.0 73.9 2.3 12.5 10.9 1.7 3.9 17.7 7.4 30.2 16.1

San Francisco central city .............................. 100.0 77.9 4.7 10.6 1.9 8.7 5.4 17.6 8.5 31.1 12.1

Men

Metropolitan areas:

Atlanta MSA .................................................... 100.0 82.5 9.9 13.8 6.9 6.9 12.5 21.9 4.9 19.4 8.1

Baltimore PMSA ............................................. 100.0 72.7 8.8 11.4 7.1 4.4 8.1 16.9 4.5 23.0 19.5

Bergen-Passaic PMSA ................................... 100.0 83.9 5.5 20.7 8.7 11.9 9.6 20.8 7.5 19.6 9.7

Boston PMSA ................................................. 100.0 80.3 6.4 14.4 10.0 4.4 6.4 18.2 6.8 28.0 8.9

Buffalo-Niagara Falls MSA ............................. 100.0 77.7 7.7 20.9 13.5 7.4 9.1 18.8 5.2 16.1 16.4

Charlotte-Gastonia-Rock Hill MSA ................. 100.0 86.3 10.2 23.8 10.6 13.2 8.6 20.8 4.5 18.1 7.8

Chicago PMSA ............................................... 100.0 84.4 7.2 19.3 11.7 7.6 9.2 20.0 6.6 22.0 9.2

Cincinnati PMSA ............................................. 100.0 84.5 8.5 24.8 13.2 11.6 8.7 20.3 6.2 16.2 8.6

Cleveland-Lorain-Elyria PMSA ....................... 100.0 85.5 7.4 27.1 20.2 6.9 5.3 17.2 5.2 23.2 8.8

Columbus, Ohio MSA ..................................... 100.0 79.1 7.1 17.9 10.7 7.1 7.9 23.5 5.7 17.0 13.1

Dallas-Fort Worth CMSA ................................ 100.0 83.8 8.5 17.1 12.3 4.9 11.7 19.0 6.5 20.4 6.8

Dayton-Springfield MSA ................................. 100.0 82.0 6.6 29.6 24.9 4.7 6.9 19.6 1.3 18.1 11.7

Denver-Boulder-Greeley CMSA ..................... 100.0 77.9 8.7 13.4 8.6 4.8 8.4 18.8 4.9 23.2 13.9

Detroit PMSA .................................................. 100.0 86.2 7.6 30.0 25.8 4.1 5.8 19.6 3.9 19.3 7.2

Fort Lauderdale PMSA ................................... 100.0 82.5 10.5 10.8 7.5 3.3 9.6 24.0 6.5 21.0 11.6

Hartford MSA .................................................. 100.0 79.9 7.3 23.9 18.8 5.2 8.4 17.0 8.5 14.7 12.7

Houston PMSA ............................................... 100.0 83.2 10.9 16.3 9.2 7.1 8.8 20.0 3.4 20.5 6.4

Indianapolis MSA ............................................ 100.0 87.3 10.9 23.1 16.0 7.1 6.4 19.4 5.0 22.5 5.8

Kansas City MSA ............................................ 100.0 82.6 8.0 16.8 10.2 6.5 11.5 19.8 6.5 20.0 10.6

Los Angeles-Long Beach PMSA .................... 100.0 77.4 6.5 18.9 11.8 7.1 7.3 19.1 3.9 21.7 8.7

Louisville MSA ................................................ 100.0 85.2 10.9 20.2 11.2 9.0 12.1 15.5 4.3 21.8 6.9

Memphis MSA ................................................ 100.0 81.5 7.6 14.7 7.3 7.4 15.2 23.8 3.7 16.5 13.1

Miami PMSA ................................................... 100.0 82.4 12.0 8.9 5.3 3.6 12.9 22.4 5.0 20.9 8.8

Milwaukee-Waukesha PMSA ......................... 100.0 82.4 9.4 30.7 20.6 10.1 5.0 15.8 4.7 16.5 11.3

Minneapolis-St. Paul MSA .............................. 100.0 83.9 7.4 23.2 15.9 7.3 6.8 19.4 6.7 20.5 9.6

Nassau-Suffolk PMSA .................................... 100.0 74.5 7.7 9.9 5.6 4.4 9.2 18.6 9.4 19.5 15.2

New Orleans MSA .......................................... 100.0 80.3 8.9 14.8 7.5 7.4 8.1 20.7 2.3 23.3 10.6

New York PMSA ............................................. 100.0 79.8 7.3 7.3 2.6 4.7 8.1 20.9 9.7 26.4 12.2

Newark PMSA ................................................ 100.0 80.4 6.0 15.6 6.1 9.5 11.8 18.3 8.1 20.7 12.8

Norfolk-Virginia Beach-Newport News MSA .. 100.0 73.8 11.6 17.8 13.7 4.1 8.1 12.9 5.2 18.3 18.8

Oakland PMSA ............................................... 100.0 78.2 8.9 12.3 8.9 3.4 9.4 18.7 5.0 23.5 10.5

Oklahoma City MSA ....................................... 100.0 70.2 8.4 13.5 9.7 3.8 4.8 21.8 3.5 17.0 20.1

Orange County PMSA .................................... 100.0 79.9 6.9 20.6 15.2 5.4 4.9 21.3 4.6 21.4 8.1

Philadelphia PMSA ......................................... 100.0 79.5 6.6 15.4 8.6 6.8 7.0 19.2 5.5 25.7 11.8

Phoenix-Mesa MSA ........................................ 100.0 81.3 13.2 14.4 12.3 2.1 7.1 18.8 6.7 21.0 7.9

Pittsburgh MSA ............................................... 100.0 82.3 8.2 17.3 12.3 5.0 9.6 18.7 5.0 22.6 9.6

Portland-Vancouver PMSA ............................. 100.0 80.5 7.5 20.4 15.8 4.6 8.3 21.2 3.5 19.4 8.4

Providence-Fall River-Warwick MSA .............. 100.0 82.7 7.2 22.8 14.7 8.1 5.5 21.9 3.8 21.6 10.9

Riverside-San Bernardino PMSA ................... 100.0 73.3 11.6 14.0 11.2 2.8 8.7 18.6 3.3 17.0 15.7

Rochester MSA .............................................. 100.0 81.1 6.1 28.0 22.1 5.9 4.6 19.6 4.5 18.1 9.5

Sacramento-Yolo CMSA ................................ 100.0 72.3 8.1 7.6 5.7 1.9 7.3 19.0 7.0 22.7 16.0

St. Louis MSA3 ............................................... 100.0 84.7 9.2 19.2 11.7 7.5 6.3 20.7 6.7 22.5 9.4

Salt Lake City-Ogden MSA ............................. 100.0 80.2 9.5 16.1 11.6 4.5 7.8 20.7 5.6 19.7 12.9

San Antonio MSA ........................................... 100.0 74.4 13.3 7.9 5.3 2.6 6.3 21.4 4.4 20.1 15.7

San Diego MSA .............................................. 100.0 74.5 7.8 16.8 14.3 2.6 4.7 17.5 5.7 22.0 12.4

San Francisco PMSA ..................................... 100.0 78.7 9.7 11.0 4.0 7.0 7.0 17.0 5.5 28.6 8.2

See footnotes at end of table.

130
Table 27. Selected metropolitan areas and cities: Percent distribution of employed persons, excluding private household workers, by sex,

race, and Hispanic origin, 1999 annual averages — Continued

Population group and area Total1

Private nonagricultural wage and salary workers

Government Total2 Construction

Manufacturing Transportation,

communications,

 and

public

utilities

Trade

Finance,

insurance,

and real

estate

Services Total Durable

goods

Nondurable

goods

Men–Continued

Metropolitan areas:–Continued

San Jose PMSA ............................................. 100.0 83.0 7.8 27.3 26.0 1.3 6.0 13.3 4.0 24.6 8.9

Seattle-Bellevue-Everett PMSA ...................... 100.0 81.5 10.2 22.6 17.9 4.7 7.7 16.0 5.1 19.7 10.7

Tampa-St. Petersburg-Clearwater MSA ......... 100.0 79.1 11.9 11.7 7.3 4.5 8.5 23.2 4.5 19.3 10.2

Washington D.C. PMSA ................................. 100.0 73.2 9.0 5.8 3.2 2.7 7.6 16.3 4.2 30.2 20.4

Cities:

Baltimore central city ...................................... 100.0 79.6 4 ( ) 9.2 4 ( ) 4.8 5.3 19.1 4.4 36.0 15.8

Chicago central city ........................................ 100.0 82.3 4.7 15.8 9.8 6.0 7.5 21.6 7.7 25.0 11.6

Cleveland central city ..................................... 100.0 87.2 4 ( ) 28.0 21.2 4 ( ) 4 ( ) 17.3 6.5 24.7 10.4

Dallas central city ........................................... 100.0 85.1 10.3 10.1 6.5 3.6 8.6 19.4 8.0 28.0 5.4

Detroit central city ........................................... 100.0 80.3 5.1 29.0 25.6 3.4 7.7 16.8 1.9 19.8 14.6

District of Columbia ........................................ 100.0 71.6 5.5 3.6 .9 2.7 6.2 13.8 6.5 36.0 23.2

Houston central city ........................................ 100.0 84.7 10.7 14.1 7.1 7.0 9.1 21.5 3.7 24.0 4.7

Indianapolis central city .................................. 100.0 84.8 10.5 17.4 13.8 3.6 5.4 19.0 5.8 26.5 6.9

Los Angeles central city .................................. 100.0 77.0 6.5 16.3 8.4 7.9 6.5 19.3 4.1 24.3 6.0

Milwaukee central city .................................... 100.0 70.8 4 ( ) 23.4 13.6 9.8 8.7 13.5 1.8 17.6 24.7

New York central city ...................................... 100.0 80.4 7.3 7.4 2.3 5.0 8.4 21.0 10.0 26.3 12.2

Philadelphia central city .................................. 100.0 76.0 5.0 10.9 6.8 4.1 6.9 17.1 3.1 32.9 17.4

Phoenix central city ........................................ 100.0 85.4 15.2 15.2 13.3 1.9 5.9 19.8 6.5 22.5 6.7

St. Louis central city ....................................... 100.0 82.2 4 ( ) 11.6 4 ( ) 4 ( ) 4 ( ) 22.5 10.1 31.7 13.1

San Antonio central city .................................. 100.0 75.9 13.8 6.5 4.1 4 ( ) 5.2 23.1 5.6 21.4 14.5

San Diego central city ..................................... 100.0 73.5 4.1 16.4 15.3 1.1 4.9 15.9 8.3 23.8 14.0

San Francisco central city .............................. 100.0 79.6 8.3 9.0 2.2 6.8 7.6 17.9 6.4 30.4 9.3

Women

Metropolitan areas:

Atlanta MSA .................................................... 100.0 79.5 1.5 7.6 3.8 3.8 7.1 21.8 7.8 33.6 14.4

Baltimore PMSA ............................................. 100.0 70.6 .9 6.5 2.3 4.2 2.6 17.9 7.6 35.1 22.7

Bergen-Passaic PMSA ................................... 100.0 82.7 1.6 12.6 4.5 8.2 4.4 18.2 11.6 34.4 12.0

Boston PMSA ................................................. 100.0 81.5 1.0 7.8 4.8 3.0 3.2 17.2 9.1 43.3 12.4

Buffalo-Niagara Falls MSA ............................. 100.0 76.2 1.8 8.5 4.7 3.8 2.2 21.2 8.0 34.4 18.6

Charlotte-Gastonia-Rock Hill MSA ................. 100.0 78.3 2.1 13.8 6.1 7.7 2.9 20.9 10.4 28.3 16.9

Chicago PMSA ............................................... 100.0 80.1 .8 10.9 5.9 5.1 5.2 18.5 8.9 35.8 14.8

Cincinnati PMSA ............................................. 100.0 84.1 1.3 13.4 5.4 8.0 3.8 20.4 7.4 37.6 11.2

Cleveland-Lorain-Elyria PMSA ....................... 100.0 84.1 1.3 10.0 5.6 4.4 3.0 19.9 8.8 41.2 11.5

Columbus, Ohio MSA ..................................... 100.0 76.1 1.2 8.5 4.4 4.1 4.0 20.8 9.3 32.2 17.9

Dallas-Fort Worth CMSA ................................ 100.0 80.9 1.6 9.7 5.5 4.3 7.0 21.6 9.8 30.7 12.3

Dayton-Springfield MSA ................................. 100.0 82.1 .7 15.9 10.5 5.4 2.2 23.5 4.4 35.4 14.1

Denver-Boulder-Greeley CMSA ..................... 100.0 76.8 2.0 7.7 4.6 3.0 5.9 18.1 10.2 32.9 15.0

Detroit PMSA .................................................. 100.0 82.2 .8 12.4 9.8 2.6 3.4 21.7 7.7 36.2 13.3

Fort Lauderdale PMSA ................................... 100.0 83.9 2.1 4.4 2.9 1.5 6.8 22.5 12.0 36.0 12.9

Hartford MSA .................................................. 100.0 77.9 1.1 11.2 8.1 3.0 4.2 14.5 14.7 32.1 16.5

Houston PMSA ............................................... 100.0 78.8 2.2 6.3 3.0 3.3 6.0 20.5 7.4 34.9 14.9

Indianapolis MSA ............................................ 100.0 79.7 1.5 11.4 7.4 4.0 4.6 17.5 10.5 34.2 12.5

Kansas City MSA ............................................ 100.0 77.8 2.2 11.5 5.2 6.3 5.5 17.9 9.2 31.6 17.9

Los Angeles-Long Beach PMSA .................... 100.0 75.2 .7 13.6 5.7 7.9 3.9 17.9 6.9 32.2 15.5

Louisville MSA ................................................ 100.0 81.4 2.7 10.1 5.5 4.6 5.3 19.9 9.5 33.9 12.1

Memphis MSA ................................................ 100.0 79.3 1.3 6.9 3.2 3.8 9.7 19.1 9.7 32.6 17.7

Miami PMSA ................................................... 100.0 80.5 .9 7.6 2.2 5.4 7.2 22.3 8.1 34.3 14.4

Milwaukee-Waukesha PMSA ......................... 100.0 83.0 .4 15.2 10.8 4.4 3.2 20.8 9.7 33.6 13.0

Minneapolis-St. Paul MSA .............................. 100.0 79.0 .9 14.2 8.9 5.2 5.1 18.0 9.6 31.2 15.0

Nassau-Suffolk PMSA .................................... 100.0 73.5 .6 8.2 3.4 4.8 4.8 17.9 9.8 32.1 21.9

New Orleans MSA .......................................... 100.0 75.8 1.7 3.4 1.0 2.4 3.8 21.0 6.2 39.3 20.3

New York PMSA ............................................. 100.0 78.0 .6 8.5 2.0 6.5 3.6 13.9 9.7 41.6 16.6

Newark PMSA ................................................ 100.0 78.4 .8 11.8 4.0 7.9 3.8 16.7 9.5 35.8 16.7

Norfolk-Virginia Beach-Newport News MSA .. 100.0 74.2 2.2 6.3 4.3 2.0 4.6 19.5 8.7 33.0 19.6

Oakland PMSA ............................................... 100.0 70.5 1.1 5.0 3.5 1.4 3.9 17.7 10.1 32.7 19.4

See footnotes at end of table.

131
Table 27. Selected metropolitan areas and cities: Percent distribution of employed persons, excluding private household workers, by sex,

race, and Hispanic origin, 1999 annual averages — Continued

Population group and area Total1

Private nonagricultural wage and salary workers

Government Total2 Construction

Manufacturing Transportation,

communications,

 and

public

utilities

Trade

Finance,

insurance,

and real

estate

Services Total Durable

goods

Nondurable

goods

Women–Continued

Metropolitan areas:–Continued

Oklahoma City MSA ....................................... 100.0 70.1 1.0 6.3 3.7 2.6 2.5 23.2 7.7 28.9 23.2

Orange County PMSA .................................... 100.0 79.7 1.2 16.2 10.7 5.5 3.0 16.4 8.4 34.5 11.6

Philadelphia PMSA ......................................... 100.0 82.9 .8 8.8 3.8 5.1 3.1 19.1 9.7 41.3 13.3

Phoenix-Mesa MSA ........................................ 100.0 79.4 1.5 10.7 6.4 4.2 4.1 17.7 10.1 35.3 15.2

Pittsburgh MSA ............................................... 100.0 85.4 .9 7.2 4.0 3.2 3.7 23.3 8.4 41.9 10.5

Portland-Vancouver PMSA ............................. 100.0 76.4 1.6 9.7 6.3 3.3 4.2 18.5 9.4 32.9 12.1

Providence-Fall River-Warwick MSA .............. 100.0 80.3 .8 14.1 8.3 5.8 1.2 22.4 9.7 32.1 14.4

Riverside-San Bernardino PMSA ................... 100.0 69.0 1.0 7.6 4.9 2.7 3.1 21.2 6.2 29.9 23.9

Rochester MSA .............................................. 100.0 74.7 1.9 18.4 11.6 6.8 1.3 20.7 4.8 27.6 20.8

Sacramento-Yolo CMSA ................................ 100.0 61.1 1.2 2.6 1.7 .8 1.8 18.5 13.6 23.5 27.7

St. Louis MSA3 ............................................... 100.0 84.3 1.5 8.0 4.0 4.0 4.8 22.1 7.4 40.6 11.1

Salt Lake City-Ogden MSA ............................. 100.0 75.0 1.5 7.1 4.6 2.5 4.6 24.9 8.7 28.1 18.2

San Antonio MSA ........................................... 100.0 74.4 2.2 4.0 2.2 1.8 4.1 18.2 8.0 37.9 19.4

San Diego MSA .............................................. 100.0 73.7 1.6 9.5 7.3 2.1 2.0 20.6 6.8 33.1 17.2

San Francisco PMSA ..................................... 100.0 73.7 .8 9.5 2.4 7.2 3.4 15.1 11.0 33.8 15.3

San Jose PMSA ............................................. 100.0 78.5 1.0 21.2 19.0 2.3 2.1 15.4 4.7 34.1 14.6

Seattle-Bellevue-Everett PMSA ...................... 100.0 75.0 2.1 10.1 7.0 3.1 4.6 20.0 8.2 30.0 16.2

Tampa-St. Petersburg-Clearwater MSA ......... 100.0 81.1 2.2 6.5 3.9 2.6 5.8 23.1 9.6 34.0 12.5

Washington D.C. PMSA ................................. 100.0 65.7 1.2 2.9 1.0 1.9 4.2 13.3 6.4 37.6 28.1

Cities:

Baltimore central city ...................................... 100.0 74.5 4 ( ) 7.7 4 ( ) 7.7 4.3 14.4 9.7 38.4 23.8

Chicago central city ........................................ 100.0 78.5 .1 8.5 4.5 4.0 5.1 18.2 9.9 36.6 17.1

Cleveland central city ..................................... 100.0 87.4 4 ( ) 10.6 6.5 4 ( ) 4 ( ) 18.8 10.0 42.1 10.1

Dallas central city ........................................... 100.0 79.2 .4 11.2 5.7 5.5 6.1 15.7 11.8 33.1 13.8

Detroit central city ........................................... 100.0 78.0 .2 10.4 8.3 2.1 3.0 18.4 6.7 39.3 19.3

District of Columbia ........................................ 100.0 67.9 .4 2.5 .2 2.2 4.5 9.6 5.3 45.6 26.4

Houston central city ........................................ 100.0 80.9 2.0 5.7 2.0 3.7 7.5 18.4 5.9 40.7 12.9

Indianapolis central city .................................. 100.0 80.4 1.9 11.3 7.7 3.6 5.5 19.9 12.1 29.6 15.5

Los Angeles central city .................................. 100.0 77.5 .5 14.8 5.4 9.4 2.9 17.9 8.2 33.2 11.7

Milwaukee central city .................................... 100.0 80.1 4 ( ) 10.3 8.3 2.0 6.7 15.1 10.9 36.9 17.3

New York central city ...................................... 100.0 78.4 .5 8.7 1.7 7.0 3.7 13.4 10.1 42.1 16.2

Philadelphia central city .................................. 100.0 82.9 .4 7.1 3.5 3.5 3.9 18.4 7.0 46.1 14.5

Phoenix central city ........................................ 100.0 81.2 .8 12.9 6.7 6.2 4.0 19.4 9.7 34.3 14.2

St. Louis central city ....................................... 100.0 87.6 4 ( ) 8.6 4 ( ) 4 ( ) 4 ( ) 22.7 11.0 41.9 10.8

San Antonio central city .................................. 100.0 75.9 1.4 4.1 2.0 4 ( ) 4.8 19.3 7.2 39.1 18.4

San Diego central city ..................................... 100.0 74.5 .2 8.2 5.8 2.3 2.7 19.6 6.3 37.5 18.4

San Francisco central city .............................. 100.0 75.8 .3 12.5 1.6 10.9 2.8 17.3 11.0 31.9 15.4

White

Metropolitan areas:

Atlanta MSA .................................................... 100.0 82.3 7.3 11.6 6.0 5.6 8.0 21.5 7.0 26.8 8.9

Baltimore PMSA ............................................. 100.0 72.5 6.3 8.5 5.4 3.0 6.0 18.7 6.2 26.8 19.1

Bergen-Passaic PMSA ................................... 100.0 82.5 4.2 17.4 7.1 10.3 6.9 19.8 9.4 24.7 11.5

Boston PMSA ................................................. 100.0 80.0 4.2 11.2 7.4 3.8 4.9 17.6 8.0 34.1 10.7

Buffalo-Niagara Falls MSA ............................. 100.0 76.8 5.1 14.3 9.0 5.4 6.1 20.1 7.1 24.1 17.5

Charlotte-Gastonia-Rock Hill MSA ................. 100.0 83.4 7.3 18.8 8.7 10.1 5.8 21.6 6.5 23.1 10.8

Chicago PMSA ............................................... 100.0 83.4 5.1 16.2 9.4 6.8 6.7 20.0 7.8 27.5 10.4

Cincinnati PMSA ............................................. 100.0 84.7 5.6 19.6 9.6 10.0 6.0 21.4 6.8 25.3 9.1

Cleveland-Lorain-Elyria PMSA ....................... 100.0 85.0 4.9 19.6 13.5 6.1 3.9 19.7 6.8 30.0 9.8

Columbus, Ohio MSA ..................................... 100.0 76.8 5.0 13.5 7.7 5.8 6.0 22.2 7.1 22.9 15.7

Dallas-Fort Worth CMSA ................................ 100.0 83.0 6.2 14.1 9.5 4.6 9.1 20.6 7.8 24.6 8.2

Dayton-Springfield MSA ................................. 100.0 81.6 3.9 24.2 18.6 5.6 4.3 21.6 2.4 25.2 12.7

Denver-Boulder-Greeley CMSA ..................... 100.0 77.3 5.8 10.7 6.5 4.2 7.1 18.1 7.4 27.8 14.2

Detroit PMSA .................................................. 100.0 84.9 5.2 22.1 18.4 3.7 4.8 21.6 5.7 25.5 8.8

Fort Lauderdale PMSA ................................... 100.0 85.7 7.6 8.4 5.2 3.2 7.9 25.3 8.9 27.6 10.0

Hartford MSA .................................................. 100.0 78.9 4.3 18.3 14.4 3.9 6.6 16.1 11.2 22.3 14.3

See footnotes at end of table.

132
Table 27. Selected metropolitan areas and cities: Percent distribution of employed persons, excluding private household workers, by sex,

race, and Hispanic origin, 1999 annual averages — Continued

Population group and area Total1

Private nonagricultural wage and salary workers

Government Total2 Construction

Manufacturing Transportation,

communications,

 and

public

utilities

Trade

Finance,

insurance,

and real

estate

Services Total Durable

goods

Nondurable

goods

White–Continued

Metropolitan areas:–Continued

Houston PMSA ............................................... 100.0 81.6 8.6 12.9 7.0 6.0 6.8 19.7 5.2 25.5 8.7

Indianapolis MSA ............................................ 100.0 84.0 7.1 18.8 12.5 6.4 5.5 18.5 6.8 27.1 8.4

Kansas City MSA ............................................ 100.0 80.9 5.8 14.0 7.7 6.3 8.9 19.7 8.0 24.5 13.2

Los Angeles-Long Beach PMSA .................... 100.0 77.8 4.7 18.5 10.1 8.4 5.8 18.8 4.8 25.1 10.0

Louisville MSA ................................................ 100.0 82.2 7.2 15.3 8.8 6.5 8.5 17.1 6.9 27.0 9.7

Memphis MSA ................................................ 100.0 82.3 5.6 10.8 4.9 5.9 12.0 22.3 7.9 23.8 11.9

Miami PMSA ................................................... 100.0 83.0 7.2 9.1 4.7 4.5 10.4 22.3 7.3 26.6 9.8

Milwaukee-Waukesha PMSA ......................... 100.0 83.8 5.6 25.2 17.1 8.1 3.6 18.5 7.2 23.6 10.6

Minneapolis-St. Paul MSA .............................. 100.0 81.7 4.6 18.5 12.3 6.2 6.0 18.7 8.1 25.9 12.0

Nassau-Suffolk PMSA .................................... 100.0 74.0 4.6 9.0 4.6 4.5 7.2 18.6 9.8 24.7 18.2

New Orleans MSA .......................................... 100.0 80.0 6.1 9.4 5.4 4.0 5.0 22.4 5.2 30.0 12.6

New York PMSA ............................................. 100.0 79.2 4.7 8.3 2.5 5.9 5.8 18.4 10.4 31.6 12.9

Newark PMSA ................................................ 100.0 79.8 4.6 14.0 5.3 8.7 7.6 17.4 9.8 26.3 12.8

Norfolk-Virginia Beach-Newport News MSA .. 100.0 75.5 8.9 12.6 9.7 2.9 5.4 16.4 7.8 24.3 16.2

Oakland PMSA ............................................... 100.0 75.0 6.8 10.4 7.4 3.0 6.9 19.2 6.8 24.7 13.9

Oklahoma City MSA ....................................... 100.0 70.3 4.9 9.3 5.9 3.4 4.0 22.6 6.1 22.6 21.4

Orange County PMSA .................................... 100.0 80.0 5.0 17.9 12.7 5.1 4.0 20.1 6.3 26.5 9.3

Philadelphia PMSA ......................................... 100.0 81.8 4.4 12.9 6.7 6.2 5.1 19.8 7.7 31.8 11.3

Phoenix-Mesa MSA ........................................ 100.0 80.8 8.7 12.3 9.3 3.0 5.9 18.5 7.8 27.5 10.3

Pittsburgh MSA ............................................... 100.0 83.8 4.9 13.1 8.8 4.3 7.0 20.9 6.3 31.1 9.8

Portland-Vancouver PMSA ............................. 100.0 78.4 5.2 15.0 11.1 3.9 6.3 19.8 6.1 25.9 10.1

Providence-Fall River-Warwick MSA .............. 100.0 81.3 4.3 18.4 11.4 7.0 3.6 22.2 6.5 26.3 12.7

Riverside-San Bernardino PMSA ................... 100.0 72.2 7.8 11.9 9.0 2.9 6.3 19.6 4.7 21.9 17.8

Rochester MSA .............................................. 100.0 78.4 4.3 24.0 17.3 6.7 3.3 19.4 4.6 22.7 14.3

Sacramento-Yolo CMSA ................................ 100.0 67.7 5.4 4.4 3.4 1.1 5.1 19.1 9.9 23.4 20.8

St. Louis MSA3 ............................................... 100.0 85.1 6.6 14.6 8.8 5.8 5.7 22.1 7.4 28.7 9.0

Salt Lake City-Ogden MSA ............................. 100.0 77.4 5.6 12.0 8.4 3.6 6.2 22.3 7.1 23.7 15.6

San Antonio MSA ........................................... 100.0 75.1 8.4 6.2 4.0 2.2 5.0 20.2 6.5 28.3 16.9

San Diego MSA .............................................. 100.0 74.1 5.5 12.0 9.8 2.3 3.9 19.7 6.2 26.8 13.2

San Francisco PMSA ..................................... 100.0 76.7 6.2 9.9 3.7 6.2 5.1 16.4 8.1 30.9 9.7

San Jose PMSA ............................................. 100.0 78.9 6.5 19.8 17.7 2.1 4.6 15.6 4.4 28.0 12.4

Seattle-Bellevue-Everett PMSA ...................... 100.0 77.4 6.6 17.2 13.4 3.8 5.9 16.8 6.2 24.6 13.8

Tampa-St. Petersburg-Clearwater MSA ......... 100.0 79.9 7.9 9.2 5.5 3.7 7.1 23.2 7.3 25.2 11.5

Washington D.C. PMSA ................................. 100.0 70.3 6.4 4.8 2.4 2.4 5.6 13.3 5.1 35.1 21.7

Cities:

Baltimore central city ...................................... 100.0 85.7 4 ( ) 6.9 4 ( ) 2.8 4.1 27.1 7.7 33.7 8.5

Chicago central city ........................................ 100.0 82.1 3.4 14.3 8.5 5.8 5.3 20.7 9.1 29.3 12.1

Cleveland central city ..................................... 100.0 87.4 4 ( ) 24.6 16.9 4 ( ) 4 ( ) 24.3 9.2 20.4 10.1

Dallas central city ........................................... 100.0 83.9 7.7 11.0 6.5 4.6 5.6 19.0 8.8 30.9 6.9

Detroit central city ........................................... 100.0 72.3 6.6 9.0 9.0 5 ( ) 4.1 28.0 3.1 21.5 17.6

District of Columbia ........................................ 100.0 72.0 2.2 4.0 .5 3.5 3.9 9.0 6.0 46.9 20.4

Houston central city ........................................ 100.0 82.5 9.2 11.3 5.0 6.3 7.3 18.9 5.4 29.0 7.0

Indianapolis central city .................................. 100.0 82.9 7.8 17.2 12.6 4.6 5.6 19.4 7.1 25.6 10.0

Los Angeles central city .................................. 100.0 78.2 4.8 18.0 8.2 9.8 4.7 19.0 5.3 26.3 6.5

Milwaukee central city .................................... 100.0 75.9 4 ( ) 21.2 12.8 8.4 6.9 13.7 6.2 24.7 20.1

New York central city ...................................... 100.0 79.9 4.6 8.7 2.3 6.4 5.8 18.1 11.0 31.6 12.3

Philadelphia central city .................................. 100.0 80.0 3.9 9.6 5.6 4.0 4.7 20.0 5.1 36.8 14.3

Phoenix central city ........................................ 100.0 83.9 10.0 13.5 9.5 3.9 5.0 20.3 7.4 27.7 9.1

St. Louis central city ....................................... 100.0 93.4 4 ( ) 14.0 4 ( ) 4 ( ) 4 ( ) 28.0 14.3 28.9 4.3

San Antonio central city .................................. 100.0 76.6 8.2 5.5 3.3 4 ( ) 4.5 22.1 6.7 29.5 15.7

San Diego central city ..................................... 100.0 73.5 2.6 8.5 7.5 .9 4.8 18.6 7.7 31.3 14.3

San Francisco central city .............................. 100.0 76.4 4.2 7.4 1.7 5.7 5.2 18.0 8.9 32.8 9.3

Black

Metropolitan areas:

Atlanta MSA .................................................... 100.0 77.9 3.4 8.7 3.8 4.9 14.4 21.5 5.2 24.7 16.5

See footnotes at end of table.

133
Table 27. Selected metropolitan areas and cities: Percent distribution of employed persons, excluding private household workers, by sex,

race, and Hispanic origin, 1999 annual averages — Continued

Population group and area Total1

Private nonagricultural wage and salary workers

Government Total2 Construction

Manufacturing Transportation,

communications,

 and

public

utilities

Trade

Finance,

insurance,

and real

estate

Services Total Durable

goods

Nondurable

goods

Black–Continued

Metropolitan areas:–Continued

Baltimore PMSA ............................................. 100.0 69.1 1.2 11.1 2.9 8.2 4.3 13.7 5.2 33.7 28.0

Bergen-Passaic PMSA ................................... 100.0 91.2 1.5 16.8 2.0 14.7 8.8 20.9 11.1 32.1 8.8

Boston PMSA ................................................. 100.0 87.4 1.2 11.1 7.4 3.7 6.3 14.8 6.3 47.8 10.8

Buffalo-Niagara Falls MSA ............................. 100.0 77.9 2.3 18.3 8.2 10.0 2.7 17.9 1.2 35.6 17.3

Charlotte-Gastonia-Rock Hill MSA ................. 100.0 80.0 4.5 17.4 7.1 10.3 6.9 19.1 9.4 22.7 16.2

Chicago PMSA ............................................... 100.0 76.4 1.2 11.7 6.8 4.9 10.8 14.6 7.0 30.9 20.4

Cincinnati PMSA ............................................. 100.0 79.5 1.7 17.6 8.1 9.5 9.0 12.4 5.7 33.2 16.4

Cleveland-Lorain-Elyria PMSA ....................... 100.0 82.8 2.1 15.3 11.4 4.0 6.5 12.4 7.9 38.7 12.3

Columbus, Ohio MSA ..................................... 100.0 81.7 1.6 12.1 6.1 6.0 6.8 22.4 9.9 28.9 13.6

Dallas-Fort Worth CMSA ................................ 100.0 79.0 1.9 9.5 6.0 3.5 13.7 16.5 10.4 27.1 16.0

Dayton-Springfield MSA ................................. 100.0 83.2 2.3 15.1 12.9 2.2 7.4 19.9 4.7 33.7 15.4

Denver-Boulder-Greeley CMSA ..................... 100.0 74.1 4.1 4.6 4.0 .6 13.4 23.3 6.9 21.8 23.3

Detroit PMSA .................................................. 100.0 81.3 2.3 22.2 19.5 2.7 4.9 15.6 5.4 30.9 15.8

Fort Lauderdale PMSA ................................... 100.0 75.5 3.5 5.8 5.6 .2 9.8 16.2 10.0 30.1 19.6

Hartford MSA .................................................. 100.0 79.7 5.9 11.5 5.3 6.1 6.2 15.8 11.2 29.3 17.6

Houston PMSA ............................................... 100.0 77.2 2.8 6.9 4.0 3.0 11.7 19.9 5.2 30.0 17.1

Indianapolis MSA ............................................ 100.0 77.9 2.2 5.1 5.1 5 ( ) 5.9 19.4 11.4 33.8 16.4

Kansas City MSA ............................................ 100.0 74.4 1.5 19.3 10.4 8.9 9.0 12.3 4.1 28.3 22.2

Los Angeles-Long Beach PMSA .................... 100.0 65.3 1.4 7.0 5.1 1.9 8.7 12.3 5.5 30.4 27.9

Louisville MSA ................................................ 100.0 92.6 5.3 16.4 6.0 10.4 12.0 22.2 6.1 30.6 6.4

Memphis MSA ................................................ 100.0 78.0 3.1 10.9 5.7 5.3 13.1 20.2 5.2 25.6 19.7

Miami PMSA ................................................... 100.0 72.7 6.8 4.0 .1 3.9 10.8 21.1 1.5 27.8 20.4

Milwaukee-Waukesha PMSA ......................... 100.0 74.6 2.7 12.1 9.0 3.1 8.1 14.2 5.8 31.6 22.1

Minneapolis-St. Paul MSA .............................. 100.0 76.7 .9 13.2 8.9 4.3 9.6 19.2 10.0 23.8 18.3

Nassau-Suffolk PMSA .................................... 100.0 69.8 3.0 8.4 4.2 4.2 5.3 11.4 9.1 32.7 24.6

New Orleans MSA .......................................... 100.0 74.5 4.1 9.4 2.6 6.7 7.5 16.8 2.9 33.7 20.6

New York PMSA ............................................. 100.0 75.4 3.5 4.9 1.9 3.0 6.8 12.5 7.9 39.9 20.4

Newark PMSA ................................................ 100.0 77.3 1.5 12.1 4.0 8.0 10.6 17.3 6.7 29.1 19.6

Norfolk-Virginia Beach-Newport News MSA .. 100.0 72.2 3.4 13.1 9.2 3.9 9.2 13.4 5.3 27.9 24.7

Oakland PMSA ............................................... 100.0 69.5 2.0 3.7 2.7 1.0 7.1 14.3 10.2 32.2 21.9

Oklahoma City MSA ....................................... 100.0 66.4 6.8 9.7 9.2 .5 1.4 20.7 1.0 26.8 30.6

Orange County PMSA .................................... 100.0 92.0 4.4 12.2 12.2 5 ( ) 20.0 24.2 8.1 23.1 8.0

Philadelphia PMSA ......................................... 100.0 77.8 1.2 8.4 4.2 4.2 5.9 16.3 7.2 38.7 19.9

Phoenix-Mesa MSA ........................................ 100.0 80.5 1.1 12.1 9.4 2.7 6.6 20.7 16.1 23.9 17.9

Pittsburgh MSA ............................................... 100.0 82.4 4.7 6.1 2.2 3.8 6.6 19.2 9.4 36.5 14.8

Portland-Vancouver PMSA ............................. 100.0 65.6 3.6 9.6 9.6 5 ( ) 10.8 17.4 8.0 16.2 11.0

Providence-Fall River-Warwick MSA .............. 100.0 83.8 2.0 14.0 9.3 4.7 5 ( ) 18.1 13.1 36.6 14.6

Riverside-San Bernardino PMSA ................... 100.0 59.2 2.2 7.6 4.4 3.2 8.6 18.3 2.6 19.9 39.1

Rochester MSA .............................................. 100.0 73.4 3.1 13.4 9.7 3.7 .8 27.7 5.6 22.7 22.4

Sacramento-Yolo CMSA ................................ 100.0 55.4 5 ( ) 4.8 .7 4.1 7.5 7.7 10.4 25.0 30.3

St. Louis MSA3 ............................................... 100.0 80.4 1.0 10.0 4.5 5.6 4.4 19.1 5.7 40.1 17.3

San Antonio MSA ........................................... 100.0 63.8 3.4 4.8 1.4 3.4 9.4 13.9 2.6 29.8 25.3

San Diego MSA .............................................. 100.0 70.5 5 ( ) 14.3 13.8 .5 .6 11.6 12.1 32.0 23.8

San Francisco PMSA ..................................... 100.0 72.2 1.1 2.3 5 ( ) 2.3 4.8 7.4 5.4 51.1 27.8

San Jose PMSA ............................................. 100.0 74.3 .8 21.6 21.6 5 ( ) 7.5 10.0 5 ( ) 34.5 21.7

Seattle-Bellevue-Everett PMSA ...................... 100.0 83.0 7.5 10.2 8.5 1.7 14.2 19.7 4.8 26.6 14.8

Tampa-St. Petersburg-Clearwater MSA ......... 100.0 84.3 6.0 9.7 5.7 4.0 8.3 19.1 4.6 36.6 12.9

Washington D.C. PMSA ................................. 100.0 66.1 3.2 3.5 1.4 2.1 7.5 16.3 6.3 29.3 31.1

Cities:

Baltimore central city ...................................... 100.0 72.3 4 ( ) 9.2 4 ( ) 7.7 5.4 12.0 6.6 37.8 25.7

Chicago central city ........................................ 100.0 76.6 1.3 9.8 5.5 4.2 8.7 17.3 7.5 32.0 19.9

Cleveland central city ..................................... 100.0 86.5 4 ( ) 12.7 9.8 4 ( ) 4 ( ) 12.4 8.1 45.7 10.8

Dallas central city ........................................... 100.0 78.6 1.1 7.7 4.0 3.7 13.7 13.6 13.2 29.4 15.1

Detroit central city ........................................... 100.0 80.1 1.7 20.2 17.1 3.1 5.3 16.2 4.7 32.0 17.0

District of Columbia ........................................ 100.0 67.6 3.5 2.3 .6 1.7 6.5 13.3 5.7 36.1 28.7

Houston central city ........................................ 100.0 81.7 3.0 7.0 4.6 2.4 12.2 18.8 3.3 36.8 12.5

Indianapolis central city .................................. 100.0 78.4 2.3 2.7 2.7 5 ( ) 6.2 20.4 12.0 34.7 17.2

Los Angeles central city .................................. 100.0 69.9 1.5 6.1 4.3 1.8 9.1 13.0 7.0 33.2 21.3

See footnotes at end of table.

134
Table 27. Selected metropolitan areas and cities: Percent distribution of employed persons, excluding private household workers, by sex,

race, and Hispanic origin, 1999 annual averages — Continued

Population group and area Total1

Private nonagricultural wage and salary workers

Government Total2 Construction

Manufacturing Transportation,

communications,

 and

public

utilities

Trade

Finance,

insurance,

and real

estate

Services Total Durable

goods

Nondurable

goods

Black–Continued

Cities:–Continued

Milwaukee central city .................................... 100.0 74.3 4 ( ) 10.0 7.4 2.7 8.8 15.2 6.1 31.4 22.7

New York central city ...................................... 100.0 75.5 3.8 4.5 1.5 2.9 7.1 12.5 7.9 39.7 20.6

Philadelphia central city .................................. 100.0 78.3 .7 7.2 3.9 3.3 6.6 14.0 5.3 44.5 19.3

Phoenix central city ........................................ 100.0 80.2 2.2 9.0 9.0 5 ( ) 8.3 19.7 16.8 24.1 16.4

St. Louis central city ....................................... 100.0 77.3 4 ( ) 6.0 4 ( ) 4 ( ) 4 ( ) 19.8 8.2 40.9 19.7

San Antonio central city .................................. 100.0 64.9 4.3 6.0 1.7 4 ( ) 11.9 8.3 3.4 31.0 26.7

San Diego central city ..................................... 100.0 78.7 5 ( ) 15.4 15.4 5 ( ) .8 12.4 13.0 37.2 19.2

San Francisco central city .............................. 100.0 70.6 1.2 2.6 5 ( ) 2.6 5.3 8.2 1.6 51.7 29.4

Hispanic origin

Metropolitan areas:

Atlanta MSA .................................................... 100.0 91.5 19.4 19.2 11.4 7.8 7.2 14.0 6.0 25.6 5.4

Baltimore PMSA ............................................. 100.0 76.7 5.3 7.0 5 ( ) 7.0 5 ( ) 27.9 5 ( ) 36.6 18.1

Bergen-Passaic PMSA ................................... 100.0 81.8 1.1 31.7 13.1 18.6 9.5 22.6 3.4 13.4 13.5

Boston PMSA ................................................. 100.0 91.5 2.3 12.9 9.7 3.2 7.8 23.2 2.9 42.5 3.7

Charlotte-Gastonia-Rock Hill MSA ................. 100.0 95.0 17.2 44.7 11.3 33.4 5 ( ) 11.8 10.5 10.8 1.1

Chicago PMSA ............................................... 100.0 88.6 6.0 28.9 18.2 10.7 5.0 22.2 5.4 21.1 6.6

Cincinnati PMSA ............................................. 100.0 81.4 5 ( ) 24.7 6.3 18.3 5 ( ) 21.2 7.9 27.6 10.6

Cleveland-Lorain-Elyria PMSA ....................... 100.0 95.5 5.5 33.4 26.5 6.8 1.0 19.5 5 ( ) 36.1 5 ( )

Columbus, Ohio MSA ..................................... 100.0 68.0 26.2 14.1 5.6 8.4 2.5 11.3 1.9 12.0 20.0

Dallas-Fort Worth CMSA ................................ 100.0 86.2 14.2 19.7 12.4 7.3 6.0 22.7 5.3 18.1 7.2

Denver-Boulder-Greeley CMSA ..................... 100.0 81.4 8.1 15.4 9.9 5.5 7.2 19.4 6.8 24.2 12.3

Detroit PMSA .................................................. 100.0 87.6 5.7 14.6 12.7 1.8 4.5 44.1 3.8 14.9 3.4

Fort Lauderdale PMSA ................................... 100.0 86.6 6.1 12.4 8.9 3.5 9.2 26.3 9.4 23.3 8.6

Hartford MSA .................................................. 100.0 82.0 3.9 28.6 18.5 10.1 3.7 25.3 7.1 13.5 17.2

Houston PMSA ............................................... 100.0 84.9 14.8 13.7 7.7 6.0 4.8 24.9 4.2 21.2 5.2

Indianapolis MSA ............................................ 100.0 97.2 40.0 46.2 39.8 6.4 5 ( ) 5 ( ) 5 ( ) 11.1 5 ( )

Kansas City MSA ............................................ 100.0 74.4 4.4 23.2 9.1 14.2 1.3 25.2 4.9 15.3 21.2

Los Angeles-Long Beach PMSA .................... 100.0 82.3 5.4 24.1 11.3 12.8 6.0 23.0 3.2 20.5 7.8

Miami PMSA ................................................... 100.0 84.7 8.0 10.4 5.7 4.8 11.3 23.4 6.1 25.4 8.2

Milwaukee-Waukesha PMSA ......................... 100.0 94.8 1.8 60.7 21.2 39.5 1.3 14.5 2.7 13.7 5.2

Minneapolis-St. Paul MSA .............................. 100.0 86.9 5 ( ) 12.9 2.4 10.5 3.1 28.0 13.2 29.7 7.3

Nassau-Suffolk PMSA .................................... 100.0 83.0 5.3 18.0 8.3 9.7 3.6 25.5 10.0 20.5 9.0

New Orleans MSA .......................................... 100.0 90.7 12.4 5.9 5.9 5 ( ) .8 29.4 7.0 35.2 8.4

New York PMSA ............................................. 100.0 85.3 5.1 11.3 3.7 7.6 6.7 24.6 7.5 30.2 9.3

Newark PMSA ................................................ 100.0 85.3 5.0 23.5 6.1 17.4 8.2 23.0 4.9 20.6 11.3

Norfolk-Virginia Beach-Newport News MSA .. 100.0 68.7 10.3 5 ( ) 5 ( ) 5 ( ) 3.9 16.6 5 ( ) 38.0 21.2

Oakland PMSA ............................................... 100.0 79.4 12.8 7.7 7.5 .2 7.1 25.1 2.5 24.1 11.7

Oklahoma City MSA ....................................... 100.0 84.6 17.0 15.5 12.4 3.1 3.3 23.3 5 ( ) 25.6 12.0

Orange County PMSA .................................... 100.0 85.8 7.9 23.9 15.4 8.4 2.7 24.9 2.9 23.5 6.4

Philadelphia PMSA ......................................... 100.0 78.8 6.7 18.2 9.6 8.6 2.5 21.8 1.8 27.9 11.0

Phoenix-Mesa MSA ........................................ 100.0 79.1 15.3 14.2 9.5 4.7 4.6 19.9 5.0 19.9 9.5

Pittsburgh MSA ............................................... 100.0 86.8 5 ( ) 10.0 10.0 5 ( ) 2.3 24.1 21.6 28.9 13.2

Portland-Vancouver PMSA ............................. 100.0 68.2 1.9 18.1 14.3 3.8 1.8 17.6 4.6 24.2 8.1

Providence-Fall River-Warwick MSA .............. 100.0 84.5 .8 27.2 10.9 16.3 2.7 16.3 4.7 32.8 5.1

Riverside-San Bernardino PMSA ................... 100.0 72.4 9.7 17.6 13.5 4.1 6.7 17.3 3.0 18.0 17.2

Rochester MSA .............................................. 100.0 81.6 2.0 14.3 9.0 5.3 6.1 20.3 3.1 35.9 10.1

Sacramento-Yolo CMSA ................................ 100.0 73.0 3.4 7.9 6.6 1.3 6.2 18.9 7.0 29.6 18.6

St. Louis MSA3 ............................................... 100.0 91.8 5 ( ) 7.9 5 ( ) 7.9 4.5 27.0 5 ( ) 52.3 8.2

Salt Lake City-Ogden MSA ............................. 100.0 88.1 11.1 23.9 18.9 5.0 3.5 25.2 3.8 20.5 6.3

San Antonio MSA ........................................... 100.0 78.3 8.6 6.1 3.7 2.4 4.5 23.4 5.9 28.9 14.7

San Diego MSA .............................................. 100.0 74.6 4.7 11.2 8.9 2.3 4.1 23.0 5.8 25.8 10.6

San Francisco PMSA ..................................... 100.0 79.8 8.9 15.8 3.3 12.5 6.5 17.6 4.9 26.0 9.5

San Jose PMSA ............................................. 100.0 80.1 11.5 16.8 14.3 2.5 7.2 20.0 2.0 22.7 8.9

Seattle-Bellevue-Everett PMSA ...................... 100.0 81.3 18.7 19.3 8.9 10.4 5.3 17.9 5 ( ) 20.0 15.8

Tampa-St. Petersburg-Clearwater MSA ......... 100.0 74.4 9.4 11.3 7.4 3.9 4.3 26.8 7.3 15.3 6.2

Washington D.C. PMSA ................................. 100.0 82.9 11.8 4.4 2.5 1.9 5.9 24.6 6.7 29.5 11.3

See footnotes at end of table.

135
Table 27. Selected metropolitan areas and cities: Percent distribution of employed persons, excluding private household workers, by sex,

race, and Hispanic origin, 1999 annual averages — Continued

Population group and area Total1

Private nonagricultural wage and salary workers

Government Total2 Construction

Manufacturing Transportation,

communications,

 and

public

utilities

Trade

Finance,

insurance,

and real

estate

Services Total Durable

goods

Nondurable

goods

Hispanic origin–Continued

Cities:

Chicago central city ........................................ 100.0 86.6 6.0 25.4 14.6 10.8 4.5 25.2 6.4 19.1 9.0

Dallas central city ........................................... 100.0 87.9 15.9 19.5 12.1 7.4 3.0 23.4 5.1 20.1 5.9

Detroit central city ........................................... 100.0 76.7 13.2 22.8 22.8 5 ( ) 5 ( ) 25.9 1.3 13.5 5 ( )

District of Columbia ........................................ 100.0 86.8 8.3 1.2 5 ( ) 1.2 5.1 26.7 4.9 40.4 8.8

Houston central city ........................................ 100.0 85.3 14.5 11.5 5.7 5.8 5.2 25.9 4.4 23.3 4.7

Los Angeles central city .................................. 100.0 82.6 6.3 25.1 9.6 15.5 5.5 22.6 3.8 19.2 5.6

New York central city ...................................... 100.0 85.0 4.7 11.7 3.7 8.0 6.6 23.5 8.1 30.5 9.6

Philadelphia central city .................................. 100.0 74.7 6.6 28.2 14.1 14.2 1.1 1.5 3.5 33.7 18.0

Phoenix central city ........................................ 100.0 86.6 15.9 16.5 10.2 6.3 3.7 23.1 4.1 23.3 6.3

San Antonio central city .................................. 100.0 79.4 8.8 5.9 3.1 4 ( ) 4.3 24.4 5.9 30.2 13.8

San Diego central city ..................................... 100.0 75.1 3.7 2.0 2.0 5 ( ) 3.5 22.0 9.5 34.4 14.8

San Francisco central city .............................. 100.0 78.4 10.1 13.7 2.6 11.1 10.2 15.1 3.1 26.2 12.2

1 Includes self-employed and unpaid family workers, mining, and agriculture. 2 Includes mining. 3 Data do not reflect the official U.S. Office of Management and Budget

definition. See appendix C. 4 Data are not shown when the labor force base does not meet BLS publication

standards of reliability for the particular area, based on the sample in that area. 

See appendix B. 5 Less than 500 persons employed or less than 0.05 percent of total employed.

 NOTE: Data for demographic groups are not shown when they do not meet BLS

publication standards of reliability for the particular area based on the sample in

that area. See appendix B. Detail may not add to totals because of rounding.

136
Table 28. Selected metropolitan areas and cities: Unemployment rates for nonagricultural workers, excluding private household workers,

by industry,1 1999 annual averages

Area Total2

Private nonagricultural wage and salary workers

Government Total3 Construction

Manufacturing Transportation,

communications,

 and

public

utilities

Trade

Finance,

insurance,

and real

estate

Services Total Durable

goods

Nondurable

goods

Metropolitan areas:

Buffalo-Niagara Falls MSA ......................... 5.3 6.3 4 ( ) 6.1 6.5 5.5 4.9 8.3 4.6 5.6 1.8

Chicago PMSA ........................................... 4.1 4.4 9.3 3.5 3.4 3.5 2.8 5.8 1.8 4.2 2.3

Dallas-Fort Worth CMSA ............................ 3.8 4.2 3.8 2.3 2.8 1.2 3.3 5.2 3.2 5.1 1.5

Detroit PMSA .............................................. 3.6 3.7 9.3 2.8 2.8 2.9 3.0 4.6 1.8 3.3 3.0

Houston PMSA ........................................... 4.0 4.4 8.8 2.9 3.0 2.9 4.0 4.8 2.2 4.4 1.8

Los Angeles-Long Beach PMSA ................ 5.2 5.7 8.9 4.9 5.1 4.7 5.5 5.9 3.8 6.0 3.2

Miami PMSA ............................................... 4.3 4.6 6.8 6.0 9.0 3.2 2.9 6.0 5.3 2.8 1.0

New York PMSA ......................................... 5.4 5.7 9.4 6.3 5.7 6.6 3.9 7.4 3.8 5.1 3.7

Newark PMSA ............................................ 4.9 5.3 7.0 5.0 4.1 5.5 7.0 6.6 7.1 3.2 2.7

Philadelphia PMSA ..................................... 3.6 4.0 7.5 3.7 3.0 4.3 3.5 4.9 2.7 3.5 1.8

Portland-Vancouver PMSA ......................... 5.1 5.7 5.6 4.0 4.2 3.5 5.6 8.2 3.3 5.4 1.3

St. Louis MSA5 ........................................... 3.3 3.4 5.3 3.3 2.5 4.2 1.4 4.1 1.6 3.4 2.6

Washington D.C. PMSA ............................. 3.1 3.6 2.9 4.1 4 ( ) 4 ( ) 1.9 5.6 3.1 3.1 1.5

Cities:

Chicago central city .................................... 7.0 7.5 22.4 7.5 6.7 8.8 3.4 9.6 2.6 6.8 4.8

District of Columbia .................................... 6.1 7.0 20.3 3.6 4 ( ) 2.8 6.6 11.1 4.6 5.3 3.7

Houston central city .................................... 4.9 5.2 9.1 4.3 6.2 2.5 5.6 4.4 3.7 5.4 2.6

Los Angeles central city .............................. 6.1 6.5 9.8 6.1 4.8 7.1 5.6 6.8 4.2 6.7 4.7

Milwaukee central city ................................ 9.3 10.3 4 ( ) 3.1 4.8 4 ( ) 11.5 20.4 4 ( ) 8.1 6.2

New York central city .................................. 6.0 6.4 10.6 6.9 6.3 7.1 4.2 8.2 4.1 5.7 4.2

Philadelphia central city .............................. 5.5 6.3 4 ( ) 7.6 5.0 4 ( ) 5.1 7.3 6.6 4.9 1.7

1 Excludes persons with no previous work experience. 2 Includes self-employed and unpaid family workers and mining. 3 Includes mining. 4 Data are not shown when the labor force base does not meet BLS

publication standards of reliability for the particular area, based on the sample in

that area and industry. See appendix B.

5 Data do not reflect the official U.S. Office of Management and Budget

definition. See appendix C.

 NOTE: No data are shown for a specific area when they do not meet BLS

publication standards of reliability for the particular area based on the sample in

that area. See appendix B.

137
Appendix A.

Concepts and Definitions

for Data Derived from the

Current Population Survey

Tables showing labor force status

include provisional estimates of the

civilian noninstitutional population 16

years and older as well as data on the

civilian labor force, labor force

participation rates, and unemployment

rates. Population estimates are revised

by the U. S. Census Bureau each year,

and the revised estimates are

incorporated into the CPS labor force

levels. This adjustment affects the

estimates of labor force, employment,

and unemployment but does not affect

percentages such as unemployment

rates, participation rates, or employmentpopulation ratios. Thus, levels contained

in this publication may not be

comparable with levels published in

earlier (or subsequent) Geographic

Profiles.

The concepts and definitions

underlying labor force data in use as of

January 1994 are as follows:

Civilian noninstitutional population.

Included are persons 16 years of age and

older residing in the 50 States and the

District of Columbia who are not

inmates of institutions (for example,

penal and mental facilities and homes for

the aged) and who are not on active duty

in the Armed Forces.

Employed persons. These are all

persons who, during the reference week,

(a) did any work at all (at least 1 hour) as

paid employees, worked in their own

business or profession or on their own

farm, or worked 15 hours or more as

unpaid workers in an enterprise operated

by a member of the family, and (b) were

not working but had jobs or businesses

from which they were temporarily

absent because of vacation, illness, bad

weather, childcare problems, maternity

or paternity leave, labor-management

dispute, job training, or other family or

personal reasons, whether or not they

were paid for the time off or were

seeking other jobs.

Unemployed persons. Included are all

persons who had no employment during

the reference week, were available for

work except for temporary illness, and

had made specific efforts to find

employment some time during the 4-

week period ending with the reference

week. Persons who were waiting to be

recalled to a job from which they had

been laid off need not have been looking

for work to be classified as unemployed.

Duration of unemployment. This

represents the length of time (through

the current reference week) that persons

classified as unemployed had been

looking for work. For persons on layoff,

duration of unemployment represents the

number of full weeks they had been on

layoff.

Reason for unemployment.

Unemployment also is categorized

according to the status of individuals at

the time they began to look for work.

These reasons for unemployment are

divided into five major groups: (1) Job

losers, comprising (a) persons on

temporary layoff, who have been given a

date to return to work or who expect to

return within 6 months (persons on

layoff need not be looking for work to

qualify as unemployed), and (b)

permanent job losers, whose

employment ended involuntarily and
who began looking for work; (2) Job

leavers, persons who quit or otherwise

terminated their employment voluntarily

and immediately began looking for

work; (3) Persons who completed

temporary jobs (included along with job

losers in this publication), who began

looking for work after the jobs ended;

(4) Reentrants, persons who previously

worked but were out of the labor force

prior to beginning their job search; and

(5) New entrants, persons who had never

worked.

Labor force. This group comprises all

persons classified as employed or

unemployed in accordance with the

criteria described above.

Unemployment rate. The unemployment

rate represents the number unemployed

as a percent of the labor force.

Participation rate. This represents the

proportion of the population that is in the

labor force.

Employment-population ratio. This

represents the proportion of the

population that is employed.

Occupation and industry. This

information for the employed applies to

the job held in the reference week.

Persons with two or more jobs are

classified in the job at which they

worked the greatest number of hours.

The unemployed are classified according

to their last job. The occupational and

industrial classification of CPS data is

based on the coding systems used in the

1990 census.

Class of worker. The class-of-worker

breakdown assigns workers to the

following categories: Private and

government wage and salary workers,

self-employed workers, and unpaid

family workers. Wage and salary

workers receive wages, salary,

commissions, tips, or pay in kind from a

private employer or from a government

unit. Self-employed persons are those

who work for profit or fees in their own

business, profession, trade, or farm.

Only the unincorporated self-employed

are included in the self-employed

category in the class-of-worker

typology. Self-employed persons who

respond that their businesses are

incorporated are included among wage

and salary workers because, technically,

they are paid employees of a

corporation. Unpaid family workers are

persons working without pay for 15

hours a week or more on a farm or in a

business operated by a member of the

household to whom they are related by

birth or marriage.

Hours of work. These statistics relate to

the actual number of hours worked

during the reference week. For example,

persons who normally work 40 hours a

week but were off on the Columbus Day

holiday would be reported as working 32

hours, even though they were paid for

the holiday. For persons working in

more than one job, the figures relate to

the number of hours worked in all jobs

during the week; all the hours are

credited to the major job.

At work part time for economic reasons.

Sometimes referred to as involuntary

part time, this category refers to

individuals who gave an economic

reason for working 1 to 34 hours during

the reference week. Economic reasons

include slack work or unfavorable

business conditions, inability to find fulltime work, and seasonal declines in
demand. Those who usually work part

time must also indicate that they want

and are available to work full time to be

classified as on part time for economic

reasons.

At work part time for noneconomic

reasons. This group includes those

persons who usually work part time and

were at work 1 to 34 hours during the

reference week for a noneconomic

reason. Noneconomic reasons include,

for example: Illness or other medical

limitations, childcare problems or other

family or personal obligations, school or

training, retirement or Social Security

limits on earnings, and being in a job in

which full-time work is less than 35

hours. The group also includes those

who gave an economic reason for

usually working 1 to 34 hours but said

they do not want to work full time or

were unavailable for such work.

Usual full- or part-time status. Data on

persons "at work" exclude persons who

were temporarily absent from a job and

therefore classified in the zero-hoursworked category, "with a job but not at

work." These are persons who were

absent from their jobs for the entire

week for such reasons as bad weather,

childcare problems, maternity or

paternity leave, vacation, illness, or

involvement in a labor dispute. In order

to differentiate a person's normal

schedule from their activity during the

reference week, persons also are

classified according to their usual full- or

part-time status. In this context, fulltime workers are those who usually

worked 35 hours or more (at all jobs

combined). This group will include

some individuals who worked less than

35 hours in the reference week for either

economic or noneconomic reasons and

those who are temporarily absent from

work. Similarly, part-time workers are

those who usually work less than 35

hours per week (at all jobs), regardless

of the number of hours worked in the

reference week. This may include some

individuals who actually worked more

than 34 hours in the reference week, as

well as those who are temporarily absent

from work.

White, black, and other. These are terms

used to describe the race of persons.

Included in the "other" group are

American Indians, Alaskan Natives, and

Asians and Pacific Islanders. Because

of the relatively small sample size in

most areas, data for "other" races are not

published. In the enumeration process,

race is determined by the household

respondent.

Hispanic origin. This refers to persons

who identified themselves in the survey

enumeration process as Mexican, Puerto

Rican, Cuban, Central or South

American, or of other Hispanic origin or

descent. Persons of Hispanic origin may

be of any race; thus, they are included in

both the white and black population

groups.
Appendix B.

Sampling and Estimation

Procedures and Sampling

Error Tables

The estimates presented in this bulletin

are based on annual averages of monthly

data obtained from the CPS, a sample survey

of the civilian noninstitutional population.

The survey is conducted each month by the

U.S. Census Bureau for BLS, and provides

comprehensive data on the labor force,

employed, and unemployed, including such

characteristics as age, sex, race, Hispanic

origin, occupation, and industry. The survey

also provides data on the characteristics of

those not in the labor force.

Each month, trained interviewers collect

information from a scientifically selected

sample (about 50,000 occupied housing

units), designed to represent the civilian

noninstitutional population. Selected

respondents are interviewed to obtain

information about the employment status of

each household member 16 years of age and

over. The "reference week" is the calendar

week (Sunday through Saturday) which

includes the 12th of the month. Actual field

interviewing is conducted during the

following week, which is known as the

"survey" week.

Sampling procedures

The 1999 sample encompasses 754

sample areas, with coverage in every State

and the District of Columbia. It is based to a

large extent on information about the

distribution of the population as reported in

the 1990 decennial census. (A redesigned

1990 census-based sample was phased in

during the April 1994 through July 1995

period.) These areas were selected by

dividing the entire area of the United States

into 2,007 primary sampling units (PSUs).

With some minor exceptions, a PSU consists

of a county or number of contiguous

counties. Most metropolitan areas constitute

separate PSUs.

To improve the efficiency of the

sample, the 2,007 PSUs are grouped into

strata within each State. Then, one PSU is

selected from each stratum, with the

probability of selection proportionate to the

relative population size of the PSU. PSUs in

strata by themselves are called "selfrepresenting" and are generally the most

populous in each State. Other strata are

formed by combining PSUs that are similar

in such characteristics as population growth,

proportion of blacks and Hispanics, and

occupation/industry and age/sex

distributions. PSUs selected from these

strata are "nonself-representing," because

each one chosen represents the entire

stratum.

Within each of the selected PSUs, the

number of households to be enumerated

each month is determined in two steps.

First, a sample of census enumeration

districts (EDs) is selected using the

population size probability selection

procedure. EDs are administrative units and

contain, on average, about 300 households.

Second, clusters of approximately four

addresses (contiguous wherever possible)

are selected to be enumerated within each

designated ED.

Part of the sample is changed, or

rotated, each month. A given rotation group

is in the sample for 4 consecutive months,

leaves the sample during the following 8

months, and then returns for another 4

consecutive months. A primary reason for

rotating the sample is to minimize the lack

of cooperation that may result from

interviewing a constant panel indefinitely.
The rotation plan provides for three-fourths

of the sample to be identical from one month

to the next and one-half to be identical with

the same month a year earlier.

Estimating methods

Under the estimating methods used in

the CPS, all of the results for a given month

become available simultaneously and are

based on returns from the entire sample of

respondents. The estimation procedure

involves weighting the data from each

sample person by the inverse of the

probability of the person being in the

sample. This gives a rough measure of the

number of actual persons that each sample

person represents. Through a series of

estimation steps (outlined below), the

selection probabilities are adjusted for

noninterviews and survey undercoverage;

data from previous months are incorporated

into the estimates through the composite

estimation procedure.

1. Noninterview adjustment. The weights

for all interviewed households are adjusted

to the extent needed to account for occupied

sample households for which no information

was obtained because of absence,

impassable roads, refusals, or unavailability

of the respondents for other reasons. This

noninterview adjustment is made separately

for clusters of similar sample areas that are

usually, but not necessarily, contained

within a State. Similarity of sample areas is

based on metropolitan area status and size.

Within each cluster, there is a further

breakdown by residence. The proportion of

sample households not interviewed varies

from 6 to 7 percent, depending upon a

number of factors, including weather and

vacations.

2. Ratio estimates. The distribution of the

population selected for the sample may

differ somewhat, by chance, from that of the

population as a whole in such characteristics

as: age, race, sex, and State of residence.

Because these characteristics are closely

correlated with labor force participation and

other principal measurements made from the

sample, the survey estimates can be

substantially improved when weighted

appropriately by the known distribution of

these population characteristics. This is

accomplished through two stages of ratio

adjustment, as follows:

a. First-stage ratio estimation. The

purpose of the first-stage ratio adjustment is

to reduce the contribution to variance that

results from selecting a sample of PSUs

rather than drawing sample households from

every PSU in the Nation. This adjustment is

made to the CPS weights in two race cells:

Black and nonblack; it is applied only to

PSUs that are nonself-representing and for

those States that have a substantial number

of black households. The procedure corrects

for differences that existed in each State cell

at the time of the 1990 census between the

race distribution of the population in sample

PSUs and the race distribution of all

nonself-representing PSUs.

b. Second-stage ratio estimation. This

procedure substantially reduces the

variability of estimates and corrects, to some

extent, for CPS undercoverage. The CPS

sample weights are adjusted to ensure that

sample-based estimates of population match

independent population controls. Three sets

of controls are used:

1) 51 State controls of the

civilian noninstitutional

population 16 years of age

and older,
2) National civilian

noninstitutional population

controls for 14 Hispanic and

5 non-Hispanic age-sex

categories, and

3) National civilian

noninstitutional population

controls for 66 white, 42

black, and 10 "other" age-sex

categories.

The independent population controls are

prepared by projecting forward the resident

population as enumerated on April 1, 1990.

The projections are derived by updating

demographic census data with information

from a variety of other data sources that

account for births, deaths, and net migration.

Subtracting estimated numbers of resident

Armed Forces personnel and

institutionalized persons reduces the resident

population to the civilian noninstitutional

population. Estimates of net census

undercount, determined from the Post

Enumeration Survey, are added to the

population projections. Prior to January

1994, the projections were based on earlier

censuses, and there was no correction for

census undercount.

3. Composite estimation procedure. The

last step in the preparation of most CPS

estimates makes use of a composite

estimation procedure. The composite

estimate consists of a weighted average of

two factors: (1) the second-stage ratio

estimate based on the entire sample from the

current month and (2) the composite

estimate for the previous month, plus an

estimate of the month-to-month change

based on the six rotation groups common to

both months. In addition, a bias adjustment

term is added to the weighted average to

account for relative bias associated with

month-in-sample estimates. The

compositing procedure results in a reduction

in sampling error beyond that which is

achieved after the two stages of ratio

adjustment.

Reliability of the estimates

The estimates in this bulletin are based

upon a sample of the population rather than

a complete count. Therefore, they may

differ from the figures that would have been

obtained if it had been possible to take a

complete census using the same

questionnaire and procedures as are used in

the CPS. There are two types of errors in an

estimate based on a sample survey--

sampling and nonsampling. The sampling

error tables provided later in this appendix

indicate the magnitude of the sampling error.

They also partially measure the effect of

some nonsampling errors in response and

enumeration, but do not measure any

systematic biases in the data.

Sampling variability. The standard error is

primarily a measure of sampling variability,

that is, the variation that occurs by chance

because a sample rather than the entire

population is surveyed. The sample estimate

and its standard error enable one to construct

confidence intervals, that is, ranges that

would include the average result of all

possible samples with a known probability.

For example, if all possible samples were

selected, each of these samples were

surveyed under essentially the same

conditions using the same sample design,

and an estimate and its estimated standard

error were calculated from each sample, then

the following would occur:

1. Approximately 68 percent of

the intervals from 1 standard

error below the estimate to 1

standard error above the

estimate would include the
average result of all possible

samples.

2. Approximately 90 percent of

the intervals from 1.6

standard errors below the

estimate to 1.6 standard

errors above the estimate

would include the average

result of all possible samples.

3. Approximately 95 percent of

the intervals from 2 standard

errors below the estimate to 2

standard errors above the

estimate would include the

average result of all possible

samples.

The error of a sample estimate varies

inversely with the size of the sample and

directly with the size of the estimate. Hence,

an estimate for a subgroup constituting a

small proportion of a population will tend to

have a larger error relative to its size than

will an estimate for a larger subgroup.

Reliability standards

The CPS sample design takes into

consideration both national and State

reliability. For the State data, a minimum

reliability standard is set: An expected

maximum coefficient of variation (CV) on

the level of total unemployment of 8 percent

annually. This is calculated based on a 6-

percent unemployment rate. Because each

State's design must meet the reliability

standard, the CPS sampling rate differs by

State. (The sampling rate is the proportion

of all households that are selected for the

sample.) Generally, the smaller the State

population, the higher the sampling rate.

The average State sampling rates range

roughly from 1 in every 200 households to 1

in every 2,500 households in each stratum

within the State.

Publication standards for State and area

CPS data

To achieve comparability of the data for

regions, divisions, States, metropolitan

areas, and cities for publication purposes, a

unique requirement for minimum labor

force, employment, or unemployment was

developed for each area. This requirement is

based on the known differences in sampling

rates among these areas. Before estimates

are published for a specific category (such

as, Hispanic unemployment in a particular

State), a predetermined "critical cell" must

meet a 50- percent CV requirement. As a

result of this requirement, minimum bases

for publication have been developed for each

area. Table B-1 lists the minimum necessary

base for publication of data in each of the

regions, divisions, States, the District of

Columbia, metropolitan areas, and cities

appearing in this bulletin.

Estimates are not shown when they do

not meet the minimum base for the State or

area listed in table B-1. In tables showing

the labor force status of the population, that

is, the employed and unemployed,

publishability is determined by whether the

labor force level exceeds the minimum base

for unemployment in table B-1. If the labor

force level is less than the unemployment

minimum base, all data elements--labor

force, employment, unemployment, and

unemployment rate--are suppressed. In all

other tables, the determining factor is

whether the size of the base of distribution

exceeds the minimum base for employment

or unemployment separately, depending on

whether the table presents a distribution of

employment or unemployment for the area

or population subgroup. For example, in the

percent distribution of unemployed persons

by reason table, the entire line of data will be

suppressed if the total unemployment is less
than the unemployment minimum base. If a

subgroup appears in the table (such as, by

sex or race), it also will be suppressed if the

total for that reason does not meet the

minimum base. Data are not published for

any cell with a level of less than 500 persons

or less than 0.05 percent of the total for a

given characteristic.

Using the sampling error tables

Tables B-2 through B-5 provide

sampling errors for use in constructing 90-

percent confidence intervals (approximately

1.6 standard errors) for major labor force

characteristics. They are approximations

and thus indicate the order of magnitude of

the sampling error rather than the precise

amount of the possible error in an estimate.

Illustrations on the use of these tables are

provided below. In all cases, the

computations present the estimated levels in

thousands of persons.

Sampling error of an estimated number.

Table B-5 shows that an estimate of 50,000

unemployed persons in Maryland will have

an absolute sampling error of 10,000, or a

relative sampling error of 20 percent

(10,000/50,000). In comparison, an estimate

of 100,000 unemployed persons in Maryland

has an absolute sampling error of 14,000,

yielding a relative sampling error of 14

percent (14,000/100,000). A statement that

unemployment in Maryland is between

40,000 and 60,000 in the first instance, and

between 86,000 and 114,000 in the second,

can be made with approximately 90-percent

confidence.

This can be interpreted as follows: if

one were to draw all possible samples and

make an estimate from each sample (using

the same methods and techniques) and

construct an interval around each estimate

(using the sampling errors shown in the

tables), then 90 percent of these intervals

would contain the average value of all

possible samples.

To convert a sampling error from 90-

percent confidence, as displayed in the

tables, to 68-percent confidence (1 standard

error), multiply the sampling error shown in

the tables by 0.63. To convert the sampling

error from 90- to 95-percent confidence

(approximately 2 standard errors) multiply

the sampling error by 1.23. For the example

given above, the sampling error at 90-

percent confidence was 10,000. At 68-

percent confidence, the error would be about

6,300 (10,000 x 0.63). At 95-percent

confidence, the error would be about 12,300

(10,000 x 1.23).

Sampling error of a difference. To compute

the error of a difference from the tables, an

additional step is required. If, for instance,

one wishes to know whether a change in the

unemployment rate from one year to the next

in a particular area for a particular

population group is statistically significant,

or whether the difference in the

unemployment rate between two areas or

population groups is statistically meaningful,

the significance of the difference needs to be

computed. (Differences between estimates

for 2 consecutive years may be influenced to

some extent by the redesign of the CPS

concepts, questionnaire, and collection

procedures, such as that which occurred in

1994.)

As noted above, differences can take

two general forms: (1) Differences between

population groups and/or geographic areas;

or (2) differences for the same population

group and geographic area over time. Either

type of difference can be calculated using

the following formula, and noting the

limiting covariance assumption discussed

below.
 SEd = (( SE1

2 + SE22 ) - 2C x ( SE1

x SE2 ))1/2

 where:

 SEd = the sampling error of the

difference.

 SE1 = the sampling error of one

group or year.

 SE2 = the sampling error of another

group or year.

 C = the covariance (or

relationship) term.

The SE1 and SE2 can be found in the

appropriate table of Geographic Profile for

each year if the comparison is between

different years, because the size of the

samples and, consequently, sampling errors

may differ from year to year. Values for the

covariance or "C" term for employment and

unemployment for differences between

consecutive years are as follows: For labor

force or employment levels, C = 0.58; for

unemployment levels or rates, C = 0.37. It is

important to note that these "C" terms are

usable only for calculating the sampling

error of a difference for over-the-year

change for the same geographic area and

population group.

Covariance terms for the relationship

between different population groups or

geographic areas in this bulletin are not

available. When calculating sampling errors

for differences between two different

population groups or geographic areas, a "C"

term of zero must be assumed. The effect of

this assumption is: (1) If the relationship

between two groups, areas, or years

(differences for nonconsecutive years) is

small, the "C" term can legitimately be

ignored and the sampling errors will not be

adversely affected, or (2) if there is a strong

positive relationship between the two

groups, areas, or years (differences for

consecutive years), then the error computed

without a "C" term will be overstated. This

could lead one to erroneously state that a

difference or change was not statistically

significant when, in fact, it was. When there

is a strong relationship over time for a labor

force characteristic such as employment

(that is, people tend to remain employed

from one year to the next), the importance of

using a "C" term when calculating the

sampling error of a difference over time

increases greatly.

The following example illustrates how

to calculate a sampling error for a difference.

Suppose one wished to know whether a

hypothetical difference between the

unemployment level of 250,000 for a

particular population group in California and

an unemployment level of 200,000 for the

same group in New York was statistically

significant at 90-percent confidence. Table

B-5 gives the error for an unemployment

level of 250,000 in California as

approximately 23,000 and the error for an

unemployment level of 200,000 in New

York as 16,000. Using the formula

described above without the "C" term

produces the following results:

 SE1 = 23; SE2 = 16

 SE1

2 + SE22 = 785

 SEd = (( SE1

2 + SE22 ))1/2 = 28

Because each State's sample is

independent, there is no measurable

correlation between the two estimates and a

"C" term of zero can be assured. Thus, the

error of the difference is approximately

28,000. Because the actual difference

(50,000) is greater than the error of the

difference, it can be stated, with 90-percent

confidence, that the difference in the

unemployment level is attributable to factors

other than sampling variability alone.

Sampling errors for unemployment rates.

Unemployment rates and error ranges for
these rates are provided in tables 1, 12, and

24. This information can be used to derive a

sampling error for an unemployment rate if

one is needed. The error range is a 90-

percent confidence interval around the

unemployment rate. By subtracting the

estimated unemployment rate from the upper

bound of the range, the sampling error for

that rate can be obtained. This sampling

error can then be used in the above formula

for computing the sampling error of a

difference, or for whatever purpose the user

chooses.

Interpolation and extrapolation. Although

sampling errors are listed for selected levels

of employment and unemployment in tables

B-2 through B-5, users may wish to know

the sampling error for an estimate whose

value is not listed. To derive such a

sampling error, it is necessary to use

interpolation or extrapolation.

For example, in order to derive the

sampling error for the 1999 total

unemployment level in Georgia, it is

necessary to use interpolation because table

B-5 contains no sampling error for an

unemployment level estimate of 163,000.

The following formula and accompanying

example show how to interpolate for this

estimate:

SE = ((( A-G) / (F-G)) x (X-Y) )+ Y

 where:

 SE = the sampling error for the

estimated value.

 A = the estimated value (163,000).

 F = the table value (200,000)

immediately above the estimated value.

 G = the table value (100,000)

immediately below the estimated value.

 X = the sampling error of F

(21,000).

 Y = the sampling error of G

(15,000).

 SE = (( (163 - 100) / (200 - 100) )

x (21 - 15) ) + 15

 SE = ( 0.63 x 6 ) + 15

 = 3.8 + 15

 = 18.8

 ≅ 19

If the sample-based estimate lies outside

the boundaries of the error tables,

extrapolation can be used to approximate the

sampling error. The formula for

extrapolation is the same as that for

interpolation; however, the "F" term is the

highest value in the table and the "G" term

becomes the next highest value.

Derivation of sampling errors

The State and area sampling errors are

developed using a generalized regression

procedure and are not based on sample data

for each individual area, population group,

or labor force characteristic. As with all

sampling error tables produced for CPS

State and area data, a number of

approximations were required in order to

derive sampling errors that would apply to a

wide variety of items. As a result, these

sampling errors indicate the order of

magnitude of a sampling error rather than a

precise sampling error for any specific item.

The sampling error tables are derived from

standard error equations and special

parameters developed by the Bureau of

Labor Statistics. These parameters are

available upon request from the Division of

Local Area Unemployment Statistics, Room

4675, 2 Massachusetts Avenue NE,

Washington, DC 20212-0001. Telephone:

(202) 691-6406.

Tables B-2 through B-5 can be used for

estimates pertaining to any race/ethnic

group. As noted, the sampling errors are
based on a generalized regression procedure

and are approximate. Generally, the degree

of precision in these tables is slightly greater

for whites (and the total of all race/ethnic

groups) than it is for blacks or Hispanics.
147

Contents—Publication Standards

and Sampling Error Tables

Tables:

B-1. Minimum bases required for publication of Census region and division, State, and

metropolitan area data .................................................................................................................................. 148

Sampling errors at the 90-percent confidence level by Census region and division:

B-2. Estimated employment ................................................................................................................................. 150

B-3. Estimated unemployment ............................................................................................................................. 151

Sampling errors at the 90-percent confidence level by State:

B-4. Estimated employment ................................................................................................................................. 152

B-5. Estimated unemployment ............................................................................................................................. 154

Page
Table B-1. Minimum bases required for publication of Census region and division, State,

and metropolitan area data

(In thousands)

Census region and division,

State or area

Minimum base

Employment Unemployment

Northeast ............................................................................ 8 43

 New England .................................................................... 7 47

 Middle Atlantic .................................................................. 8 41

Midwest .............................................................................. 11 64

 East North Central ............................................................ 11 61

 West North Central ........................................................... 10 73

South .................................................................................. 12 58

 South Atlantic ................................................................... 11 64

 East South Central ........................................................... 12 50

 West South Central .......................................................... 12 52

West ................................................................................... 9 51

 Mountain ........................................................................... 8 33

 Pacific ............................................................................... 9 54

Alabama ............................................................................. 11 48

Alaska ................................................................................. 3 4

Arizona ............................................................................... 10 51

Arkansas ............................................................................. 4 31

California ............................................................................ 9 57

Colorado ............................................................................. 13 70

Connecticut ......................................................................... 11 71

Delaware ............................................................................ 2 13

District of Columbia ............................................................ 1 5

Florida ................................................................................. 11 52

Georgia ............................................................................... 10 83

Hawaii ................................................................................. 2 14

Idaho ................................................................................... 3 12

Illinois .................................................................................. 8 53

Indiana ................................................................................ 13 102

Iowa .................................................................................... 5 65

Kansas ................................................................................ 7 49

Kentucky ............................................................................. 13 44

Louisiana ............................................................................ 10 42

Maine .................................................................................. 3 20

Maryland ............................................................................. 11 86

Massachusetts .................................................................... 7 56

Michigan ............................................................................. 10 54

Minnesota ........................................................................... 12 94

Mississippi .......................................................................... 7 27

Missouri .............................................................................. 17 87

Montana .............................................................................. 2 9

Nebraska ............................................................................ 3 34

Nevada ............................................................................... 4 21

New Hampshire .................................................................. 3 31

New Jersey ......................................................................... 6 39

New Mexico ........................................................................ 4 15

New York ............................................................................ 10 36

North Carolina .................................................................... 10 70

North Dakota ...................................................................... 2 11

Ohio .................................................................................... 13 51

Oklahoma ........................................................................... 7 50

Oregon ................................................................................ 7 33

Pennsylvania ...................................................................... 7 50

Rhode Island ...................................................................... 2 16

South Carolina .................................................................... 8 49

South Dakota ...................................................................... 2 14

Tennessee .......................................................................... 13 72

Texas .................................................................................. 14 58

Utah .................................................................................... 5 27

Vermont .............................................................................. 1 13

Virginia ................................................................................ 19 116

Washington ......................................................................... 11 73

West Virginia ...................................................................... 6 12

Wisconsin ........................................................................... 13 95

Wyoming ............................................................................. 1 6
Table B-1. Minimum bases required for publication of Census region and division, State,

and metropolitan area data — Continued

(In thousands)

Census region and division,

State or area

Minimum base

Employment Unemployment

Metropolitan area:

Atlanta MSA ........................................................................ 8 93

Baltimore PMSA ................................................................. 10 78

Bergen-Passaic PMSA ....................................................... 6 47

Boston PMSA ..................................................................... 7 67

Buffalo-Niagara Falls MSA ................................................. 10 31

Charlotte-Gastonia-Rock Hill MSA ..................................... 6 48

Chicago PMSA ................................................................... 7 46

Cincinnati PMSA ................................................................. 10 77

Cleveland-Lorain-Elyria PMSA ........................................... 10 59

Columbus, Ohio MSA ......................................................... 9 64

Dallas-Fort Worth CMSA .................................................... 12 62

Dayton-Springfield MSA ..................................................... 10 43

Denver-Boulder-Greeley CMSA ......................................... 8 85

Detroit PMSA ...................................................................... 7 51

Fort Lauderdale PMSA ....................................................... 8 55

Hartford MSA ...................................................................... 11 108

Houston PMSA ................................................................... 12 53

Indianapolis MSA ................................................................ 11 98

Kansas City MSA ................................................................ 9 60

Los Angeles-Long Beach PMSA ........................................ 5 30

Louisville MSA .................................................................... 9 71

Memphis MSA .................................................................... 10 66

Miami PMSA ....................................................................... 10 39

Milwaukee-Waukesha PMSA ............................................. 11 50

Minneapolis-St. Paul MSA .................................................. 9 90

Nassau-Suffolk PMSA ........................................................ 9 64

New Orleans MSA .............................................................. 7 50

New York PMSA ................................................................. 9 26

Newark PMSA .................................................................... 6 32

Norfolk-Virginia Beach-Newport News MSA ...................... 14 72

Oakland PMSA ................................................................... 8 87

Oklahoma City MSA ........................................................... 5 49

Orange County PMSA ........................................................ 8 79

Philadelphia PMSA ............................................................. 6 50

Phoenix-Mesa MSA ............................................................ 8 51

Pittsburgh MSA ................................................................... 7 46

Portland-Vancouver PMSA ................................................. 5 34

Providence-Fall River-Warwick MSA .................................. 3 23

Riverside-San Bernardino PMSA ....................................... 9 65

Rochester MSA .................................................................. 10 32

Sacramento-Yolo CMSA .................................................... 9 83

St. Louis MSA1 ................................................................... 3 23

Salt Lake City-Ogden MSA ................................................. 13 43

San Antonio MSA ............................................................... 9 69

San Diego MSA .................................................................. 8 91

San Francisco PMSA ......................................................... 8 79

San Jose PMSA ................................................................. 7 85

Seattle-Bellevue-Everett PMSA .......................................... 11 73

Tampa-St.Petersburg-Clearwater MSA ............................. 10 49

Washington D.C. PMSA ..................................................... 9 78

Cities:

 Baltimore ........................................................................... 12 33

 Chicago ............................................................................. 6 20

 Cleveland ........................................................................... 12 24

 Dallas ................................................................................. 12 61

 Detroit ................................................................................ 8 28

 District of Columbia ........................................................... 1 5

 Houston ............................................................................. 13 42

 Indianapolis ....................................................................... 12 93

 Los Angeles ....................................................................... 6 29

 Milwaukee .......................................................................... 12 19

 New York ........................................................................... 9 23

 Philadelphia ....................................................................... 7 30

 Phoenix .............................................................................. 8 42

 St. Louis ............................................................................. 14 51

 San Antonio ....................................................................... 13 36

 San Diego .......................................................................... 9 59

 San Francisco .................................................................... 8 76

1 Data do not reflect the official U.S. Office of Management and Budget definition. See Appendix C.
Table B-2. Sampling errors at the 90-percent confidence level for estimated employment by Census region and division

(In thousands)

Census region and division

Estimated level

10 20 25 50 100 200 250 400 800 1,000 1,500 2,000

Northeast .................................... 6 8 9 12 18 25 28 35 49 55 67 77

 New England ............................ 5 8 9 12 17 24 27 33 46 51 61 68

 Middle Atlantic .......................... 6 8 9 13 18 25 28 35 50 55 67 77

Midwest ...................................... 7 10 11 15 22 31 34 43 61 68 83 95

 East North Central .................... 7 10 11 16 22 31 35 44 61 68 83 95

 West North Central ................... 7 10 11 15 21 30 33 42 58 65 78 88

South .......................................... 7 10 11 15 22 31 34 44 61 68 84 96

 South Atlantic ........................... 7 10 11 15 22 30 34 43 60 67 82 94

 East South Central ................... 7 10 11 15 21 30 33 42 59 65 78 88

 West South Central .................. 7 10 11 16 22 32 35 45 62 69 84 96

West ........................................... 6 8 9 13 19 26 30 37 53 59 71 82

 Mountain ................................... 6 8 9 13 18 26 28 36 50 55 66 75

 Pacific ....................................... 6 8 9 13 19 27 30 38 53 59 72 82

Estimated level

2,500 5,000 7,500 10,000 12,500 15,000 20,000 25,000 30,000 35,000 40,000

Northeast .................................... 85 117 138 153 163 171 176 171 153 – –

 New England ............................ 74 87 78 ––––––––

 Middle Atlantic .......................... 85 115 134 145 152 154 144 ––––

Midwest ...................................... 106 146 173 193 209 221 235 238 230 211 –

 East North Central .................... 106 143 168 184 195 200 198 176 – – –

 West North Central ................... 97 121 127 116 –––––––

South .......................................... 107 149 179 203 222 238 263 279 289 294 292

 South Atlantic ........................... 104 142 167 185 197 205 208 197 – – –

 East South Central ................... 96 118 119 99 –––––––

 West South Central .................. 106 140 159 167 167 158 –––––

West ........................................... 91 125 149 166 179 188 199 200 191 – –

 Mountain ................................... 81 100 100 82 –––––––

 Pacific ....................................... 91 124 145 159 168 172 169 149 – – –

150
Table B-3. Sampling errors at the 90-percent confidence level of estimated numbers of unemployed by Census region

and division

(In thousands)

Census region and division

Estimated level

2 5 10 20 25 50 100 200

Northeast .......................................... 2 3 4 5 6 8 11 16

 New England .................................. 1 2 3 5 5 7 10 14

 Middle Atlantic ................................ 2 3 4 5 6 8 12 17

Midwest ............................................ 2 3 4 6 6 9 13 18

 East North Central .......................... 2 3 4 6 6 9 13 18

 West North Central ......................... 2 3 4 5 6 9 12 17

South ................................................ 2 3 4 6 6 9 13 18

 South Atlantic ................................. 2 3 4 6 6 9 13 18

 East South Central ......................... 2 3 4 6 6 9 13 18

 West South Central ........................ 2 3 4 6 7 9 13 18

West ................................................. 2 3 4 6 7 9 13 19

 Mountain ......................................... 1 2 3 5 5 7 10 14

 Pacific ............................................. 2 3 4 6 7 10 14 20

Estimated level

250 400 600 800 1,000 1,500 2,000 2,500

Northeast .......................................... 18 23 28 32 36 44 – –

 New England .................................. 16 –––––––

 Middle Atlantic ................................ 19 23 29 33 37 – – –

Midwest ............................................ 20 25 31 36 40 49 – –

 East North Central .......................... 20 26 31 36 40 – – –

 West North Central ......................... 19 24 ––––––

South ................................................ 20 26 32 37 41 50 57 –

 South Atlantic ................................. 20 26 32 36 40 – – –

 East South Central ......................... 20 25 ––––––

 West South Central ........................ 21 26 32 36 ––––

West ................................................. 21 26 32 37 41 50 58 –

 Mountain ......................................... 16 20 ––––––

 Pacific ............................................. 22 28 34 39 44 53 – –
Table B-4. Sampling errors at the 90-percent confidence level for estimated employment by State

(In thousands)

State

Estimated level

2 5 10 20 25 50 100 200 250 400 600 800

Alabama ..................................... 3 5 6 9 10 14 20 28 31 38 45 50

Alaska ......................................... 2 3 4 5 6 8 10 12 12 6 – –

Arizona ....................................... 3 4 6 9 10 14 20 27 30 37 44 49

Arkansas ..................................... 2 3 4 6 6 9 13 17 19 23 26 28

California .................................... 3 4 6 8 9 13 19 27 30 38 46 53

Colorado ..................................... 3 5 8 11 12 17 24 33 37 45 53 59

Connecticut ................................. 3 5 7 9 11 15 21 29 32 39 45 50

Delaware .................................... 1 2 3 4 4 6 8 10 10 9 – –

District of Columbia .................... 1 2 2 3 4 5 6 7 7 3– –

Florida ......................................... 3 5 6 9 10 14 20 29 32 40 49 56

Georgia ....................................... 3 5 7 9 11 15 21 29 33 41 49 56

Hawaii ......................................... 1 2 3 4 5 7 9 13 13 15 14 –

Idaho ........................................... 2 2 3 5 5 7 10 14 15 16 16 12

Illinois .......................................... 3 4 6 8 9 13 19 27 30 37 45 51

Indiana ........................................ 3 5 8 11 12 17 24 33 37 46 55 61

Iowa ............................................ 2 3 5 7 8 11 15 21 23 28 33 35

Kansas ........................................ 3 4 6 8 9 13 18 24 27 32 37 40

Kentucky ..................................... 3 5 7 10 11 16 23 32 35 43 51 56

Louisiana .................................... 3 4 6 9 10 14 19 27 30 37 43 48

Maine .......................................... 2 3 4 5 6 8 11 15 17 19 19 15

Maryland ..................................... 3 5 7 10 11 15 21 30 33 41 49 55

Massachusetts ............................ 3 4 6 8 9 13 18 25 27 34 41 46

Michigan ..................................... 3 5 7 9 10 15 21 29 33 41 49 56

Minnesota ................................... 3 5 7 11 12 17 23 33 36 45 53 59

Mississippi .................................. 2 4 5 7 8 11 16 22 24 29 33 36

Missouri ...................................... 4 6 8 12 13 19 27 37 41 51 61 68

Montana ...................................... 1 2 3 4 5 7 9 11 12 12 8 –

Nebraska .................................... 2 3 4 5 6 8 11 15 16 19 20 20

Nevada ....................................... 2 3 4 6 6 9 12 17 18 22 24 23

New Hampshire .......................... 2 3 4 5 6 8 11 14 15 17 17 12

New Jersey ................................. 2 3 5 7 8 11 15 21 24 30 36 41

New Mexico ................................ 2 3 4 5 6 8 12 16 17 20 22 22

New York .................................... 3 4 6 9 10 14 19 27 30 38 46 53

North Carolina ............................ 3 5 7 9 10 15 21 29 32 40 48 55

North Dakota .............................. 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 10 10 8 – –

Ohio ............................................ 3 5 7 10 12 17 23 33 37 46 55 63

Oklahoma ................................... 2 4 5 7 8 11 16 22 24 30 35 38

Oregon ........................................ 2 4 5 7 8 12 16 23 25 31 36 39

Pennsylvania .............................. 2 4 5 8 8 12 17 24 26 33 40 46

Rhode Island .............................. 1 2 3 4 5 6 9 11 12 13 10 –

South Carolina ............................ 3 4 6 8 9 13 18 25 28 34 40 44

South Dakota .............................. 1 2 3 4 5 6 8 10 11 10 – –

Tennessee .................................. 3 5 7 10 11 16 23 32 35 44 52 58

Texas .......................................... 3 6 8 11 12 17 25 35 39 49 59 68

Utah ............................................ 2 3 5 7 8 11 15 20 22 26 29 30

Vermont ...................................... 1 2 2 3 4 5 7 8 9 6– –

Virginia ........................................ 4 6 9 13 14 20 28 40 44 55 66 74

Washington ................................. 3 5 7 10 11 15 22 30 34 42 50 56

West Virginia .............................. 2 3 4 6 7 10 13 18 20 23 26 26

Wisconsin ................................... 3 5 8 11 12 17 24 33 37 46 55 61

Wyoming ..................................... 1 2 2 3 3 5 6 7 6– – –

See footnotes at end of table.

152
Table B-4. Sampling errors at the 90-percent confidence level for estimated employment by State — Continued

(In thousands)

State

Estimated level

1,000 1,500 2,000 2,500 5,000 7,500 10,000 12,500 15,000

Alabama ..................................... 54 59 59 52 – – – – –

Alaska ......................................... – – – – – – – – –

Arizona ....................................... 53 58 59 54 – – – – –

Arkansas ..................................... 29 24 – – – – – – –

California .................................... 59 71 81 90 120 138 147 150 147

Colorado ..................................... 63 67 64 53 – – – – –

Connecticut ................................. 52 52 43 – – – – – –

Delaware .................................... – – – – – – – – –

District of Columbia .................... – – – – – – – – –

Florida ......................................... 62 74 83 90 109 106 – – –

Georgia ....................................... 61 71 77 80 58 – – – –

Hawaii ......................................... – – – – – – – – –

Idaho ........................................... – – – – – – – – –

Illinois .......................................... 57 67 75 81 91 70 – – –

Indiana ........................................ 67 76 80 80 – – – – –

Iowa ............................................ 36 34 21 – – – – – –

Kansas ........................................ 41 35 – – – – – – –

Kentucky ..................................... 60 64 61 – – – – – –

Louisiana .................................... 51 56 55 – – – – – –

Maine .......................................... – – – – – – – – –

Maryland ..................................... 60 66 69 66 – – – – –

Massachusetts ............................ 50 57 61 62 – – – – –

Michigan ..................................... 62 73 80 86 85 – – – –

Minnesota ................................... 64 70 71 65 – – – – –

Mississippi .................................. 37 33 – – – – – – –

Missouri ...................................... 74 83 87 85 – – – – –

Montana ...................................... – – – – – – – – –

Nebraska .................................... 16 – – – – – – – –

Nevada ....................................... 21 – – – – – – – –

New Hampshire .......................... – – – – – – – – –

New Jersey ................................. 45 52 57 60 49 – – – –

New Mexico ................................ – – – – – – – – –

New York .................................... 59 71 80 88 110 115 105 – –

North Carolina ............................ 60 69 75 78 54 – – – –

North Dakota .............................. – – – – – – – – –

Ohio ............................................ 70 83 92 99 107 73 – – –

Oklahoma ................................... 40 40 33 – – – – – –

Oregon ........................................ 41 42 35 – – – – – –

Pennsylvania .............................. 51 60 67 73 81 64 – – –

Rhode Island .............................. – – – – – – – – –

South Carolina ............................ 47 50 47 – – – – – –

South Dakota .............................. – – – – – – – – –

Tennessee .................................. 63 71 74 73 – – – – –

Texas .......................................... 75 91 103 113 142 150 141 – –

Utah ............................................ 28 >0 – – – – – – –

Vermont ...................................... – – – – – – – – –

Virginia ........................................ 81 93 100 103 41 – – – –

Washington ................................. 61 69 72 72 – – – – –

West Virginia .............................. – – – – – – – – –

Wisconsin ................................... 66 74 76 74 – – – – –

Wyoming ..................................... – – – – – – – – –

>0 Value too small to display.

153
Table B-5. Sampling errors at the 90-percent confidence level of estimated numbers of unemployed by State 

(In thousands)

State

Estimated level

2 5 10 20 25 50 100 200 250 400 600 800 1,000

Alabama ........................ 2 3 4 6 6 9 13 18 – – – – –

Alaska ........................... 1 1 2 2 2– – – – – – – –

Arizona .......................... 2 3 4 6 6 9 12 17 – – – – –

Arkansas ....................... 1 2 3 4 5 7 10 – – – – – –

California ....................... 2 3 5 6 7 10 14 20 23 29 35 40 45

Colorado ........................ 2 3 4 5 6 9 12 – – – – – –

Connecticut ................... 2 3 4 6 6 9 12 – – – – – –

Delaware ....................... 1 1 2 3– – – – – – – – –

District of Columbia ....... 1 1 2 2– – – – – – – – –

Florida ........................... 2 3 4 5 6 8 12 17 19 24 – – –

Georgia ......................... 2 3 5 7 8 11 15 21 – – – – –

Hawaii ........................... 1 2 2 3 4 5– – – – – – –

Idaho ............................. 1 1 2 3 3 5– – – – – – –

Illinois ............................ 2 3 4 6 6 9 13 18 20 25 – – –

Indiana .......................... 2 3 5 7 7 10 14 – – – – – –

Iowa ............................... 1 2 3 5 5 7– – – – – – –

Kansas .......................... 1 2 3 5 5 7– – – – – – –

Kentucky ....................... 2 3 4 5 6 9 12 – – – – – –

Louisiana ....................... 2 3 4 6 6 9 12 17 – – – – –

Maine ............................ 1 2 2 3 4 5– – – – – – –

Maryland ....................... 2 3 5 6 7 10 14 – – – – – –

Massachusetts .............. 2 2 4 5 6 8 11 15 – – – – –

Michigan ........................ 2 3 4 5 6 9 12 17 – – – – –

Minnesota ...................... 2 3 4 6 7 9 13 – – – – – –

Mississippi ..................... 1 2 3 4 5 7 10 – – – – – –

Missouri ......................... 2 3 5 6 7 10 14 – – – – – –

Montana ........................ 1 1 2 3 3 4– – – – – – –

Nebraska ....................... 1 2 3 4 4 6– – – – – – –

Nevada .......................... 1 2 3 4 4 6– – – – – – –

New Hampshire ............. 1 2 2 3– – – – – – – – –

New Jersey ................... 2 2 4 5 6 8 11 15 – – – – –

New Mexico ................... 1 2 2 3 4 5– – – – – – –

New York ....................... 2 3 4 5 6 8 12 16 18 23 28 – –

North Carolina ............... 2 3 4 6 6 9 12 17 – – – – –

North Dakota ................. 1 1 2 2– – – – – – – – –

Ohio ............................... 2 3 4 6 6 9 13 18 20 – – – –

Oklahoma ...................... 2 2 3 5 5 8 11 – – – – – –

Oregon .......................... 2 3 4 5 6 8 11 16 – – – – –

Pennsylvania ................. 2 3 4 6 6 9 12 17 19 24 – – –

Rhode Island ................. 1 1 2 3 3– – – – – – – –

South Carolina .............. 2 3 4 6 6 9 12 – – – – – –

South Dakota ................ 1 1 2 2– – – – – – – – –

Tennessee .................... 2 3 5 6 7 10 14 20 – – – – –

Texas ............................ 2 3 4 6 7 10 14 20 22 28 34 – –

Utah ............................... 1 2 3 4 4 6– – – – – – –

Vermont ......................... 1 1 2 2– – – – – – – – –

Virginia .......................... 2 3 5 7 8 11 15 – – – – – –

Washington ................... 2 3 5 7 8 11 15 21 – – – – –

West Virginia ................. 1 2 2 3 4 5 8– – – – – –

Wisconsin ...................... 2 3 4 6 7 10 14 – – – – – –

Wyoming ....................... 1 1 1 2– – – – – – – – –
155

Appendix C.

Geographic Boundary

Definitions

Table C-1 of this appendix lists the States composing thecensus regions and divisions for which data are published in section I. Table C-2 provides the geographic definitions of the metropolitan areas for which data are published

in section III. These data for metropolitan areas reflect the

standards and definitions established by the U.S. Office of

Management and Budget on June 30, 1993.1

Effective December 22, 1987, the boundary of the St. Louis

metropolitan statistical area was redefined to include the part

of Sullivan City in Crawford County, MO. This change is not

reflected in the data for St. Louis shown in this bulletin, although the addition of entire counties in 1993 is reflected.

Metropolitan areas

The general concept of a metropolitan area (MA) is that of a

core area containing a large population nucleus, together with

1

 The standards were published in the Federal Register on March 30,

1990; the definitions and a complete listing of the areas were published on

June 30, 1993 in OMB release 93-17.

adjacent communities that have a high degree of economic

and social integration with that core.

A Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA) consists of one

or more counties and meets specified size criteria—either it

contains a city of at least 50,000 inhabitants, or it contains an

urbanized area of at least 50,000 inhabitants, and has a total

population of at least 100,000.

A Consolidated Metropolitan Statistical Area (CMSA) is

a metropolitan area that has a population of at least 1 million

and that has been divided into two or more PMSAs (see below). The CMSA comprises the same geographic area as its

constituent PMSAs.

A Primary Metropolitan Statistical Area (PMSA) is a subarea within a CMSA. The designation of these subareas is

based on specific criteria, including having a population of at

least 100,000 that is at least 60-percent urban, and the support

of local opinion. Areas that were designated separate metropolitan areas as of January 1, 1980, and are now part of a

larger area, are designated as PMSAs unless local opinion

does not support their continued separate designation for statistical purposes.
156

Northeast:

New England ............. Connecticut

Maine

Massachusetts

New Hampshire

Rhode Island

Vermont

Middle Atlantic ........... New Jersey

New York

Pennsylvania

Midwest:

East North Central ..... Illinois

Indiana

Michigan

Ohio

Wisconsin

West North Central ... Iowa

Kansas

Minnesota

Missouri

Nebraska

North Dakota

South Dakota

South:

South Atlantic ............ Delaware

District of Columbia

Florida

Georgia

Maryland

North Carolina

South Carolina

Virginia

West Virginia

East South Central .... Alabama

Kentucky

Mississippi

Tennessee

West South Central ... Arkansas

Louisiana

Oklahoma

Texas

West:

Mountain .................... Arizona

Colorado

Idaho

Montana

Nevada

New Mexico

Utah

Wyoming

Pacific ........................ Alaska

California

Hawaii

Oregon

Washington

Table C-1. State composition of the census

regions and divisions

Region and division State
157

Table C-2. Geographic boundaries of metropolitan areas

Arizona

 Phoenix-Mesa ................................................ MSA Maricopa and Pinal Counties

California

 Los Angeles-Long Beach .............................. PMSA Los Angeles County

 Oakland ......................................................... PMSA Alameda and Contra Costa Counties

 Orange County .............................................. PMSA Orange County

 Riverside-San Bernardino ............................. PMSA Riverside and San Bernardino Counties

 Sacramento-Yolo ........................................... CMSA El Dorado, Placer, Sacramento, and Yolo Counties

 San Diego ...................................................... MSA San Diego County

 San Francisco ................................................ PMSA Marin, San Francisco, and San Mateo Counties

 San Jose ........................................................ PMSA Santa Clara County

Colorado

 Denver-Boulder-Greeley ................................ CMSA Adams, Arapahoe, Boulder, Denver, Douglas, Jefferson, and Weld

Counties

Connecticut

 Hartford ......................................................... MSA Bristol, Hartford, and New Britain cities and Avon, Berlin, Bloomfield,

Farmington, Glastonbury, Granby, Manchester, Marlborough, Newington,

Plainville, Rocky Hill, Simsbury, Southington, South Windsor, Suffield,

West Hartford, Wethersfield, Windsor, and Windsor Locks towns in

Hartford County; Barkhamsted, Harwinton, New Hartford, Plymouth, and

Winchester towns in Litchfield County; Middletown city and Cromwell,

Durham, East Haddam, East Hampton, Haddam, Middlefield, and Portland

towns in Middlesex County; Colchester and Lebanon towns in New London

County; Andover, Bolton, Columbia, Coventry, Ellington, Hebron,

Mansfield, Somers, Stafford, Tolland, Vernon, and Willington towns in

Tolland County; and Ashford, Chaplin, and Windham towns in Windham

County

District of Columbia

 Washington .................................................... PMSA District of Columbia; Calvert, Charles, Frederick, Montgomery, and Prince

George’s Counties, MD; Alexandria, Fairfax, Falls Church, Fredericksburg,

Manassas, and Manassas Park cities, and Arlington, Clarke, Culpeper,

Fairfax, Fauquier, King George, Loudoun, Prince William, Spotsylvania,

Stafford, and Warren Counties, VA; Berkeley and Jefferson

Counties, WV

Florida

 Fort Lauderdale ............................................. PMSA Broward County

 Miami ............................................................. PMSA Miami-Dade County

 Tampa-St. Petersburg-Clearwater ................. MSA Hernando, Hillsborough, Pasco, and Pinellas Counties

Georgia

 Atlanta............................................................ MSA Barrow, Bartow, Carroll, Cherokee, Clayton, Cobb, Coweta, DeKalb,

Douglas, Fayette, Forsyth, Fulton, Gwinnett, Henry, Newton, Paulding,

Pickens, Rockdale, Spalding, and Walton Counties

Illinois

 Chicago ......................................................... PMSA Cook, DeKalb, DuPage, Grundy, Kane, Kendall, Lake, McHenry, and Will

Counties

Indiana

 Indianapolis ................................................... MSA Boone, Hamilton, Hancock, Hendricks, Johnson, Madison, Marion,

Morgan, and Shelby Counties

Kentucky

 Louisville ........................................................ MSA Bullitt, Jefferson, and Oldham Counties, KY; Clark, Floyd, Harrison, and

Scott Counties, IN

Louisiana

 New Orleans ................................................. MSA Jefferson, Orleans, Plaquemines, St. Bernard, St. Charles, St. James, St.

John the Baptist, and St. Tammany Parishes

State and area Type of

area Definition
158

Maryland

 Baltimore ....................................................... PMSA Baltimore City and Anne Arundel, Baltimore, Carroll, Harford, Howard, and

Queen Anne’s Counties

Massachusetts

 Boston............................................................ PMSA Taunton city and Berkley, Dighton, Mansfield, and Norton towns in Bristol

County, MA; Beverly, Gloucester, Lynn, Newburyport, Peabody, and

Salem cities and Amesbury, Danvers, Essex, Hamilton, Ipswich, Lynnfield,

Manchester, Marblehead, Middleton, Nahant, Newbury, Rockport, Rowley,

Salisbury, Saugus, Swampscott, Topsfield, and Wenham towns in Essex

County, MA; Cambridge, Everett, Malden, Marlborough, Medford,

Melrose, Newton, Somerville, Waltham, and Woburn cities and Acton,

Arlington, Ashland, Ayer, Bedford, Belmont, Boxborough, Burlington,

Carlisle, Concord, Framingham, Holliston, Hopkinton, Hudson, Lexington,

Lincoln, Littleton, Maynard, Natick, North Reading, Reading, Sherborn,

Shirley, Stoneham, Stow, Sudbury, Townsend, Wakefield, Watertown,

Wayland, Weston, Wilmington, and Winchester towns in Middlesex

County, MA; Quincy city and Bellingham, Braintree, Brookline, Canton,

Cohasset, Dedham, Dover, Foxborough, Franklin, Holbrook, Medfield,

Medway, Millis, Milton, Needham, Norfolk, Norwood, Plainville, Randolph,

Sharon, Stoughton, Walpole, Wellesley, Westwood, Weymouth, and

Wrentham towns in Norfolk County, MA; Carver, Duxbury, Hanover,

Hingham, Hull, Kingston, Marshfield, Norwell, Pembroke, Plymouth,

Rockland, Scituate, and Wareham towns in Plymouth County, MA;

Boston, Chelsea, and Revere cities and Winthrop town in Suffolk County,

MA; Berlin, Blackstone, Bolton, Harvard, Hopedale, Lancaster, Mendon,

Milford, Millville, Southborough, and Upton towns in Worcester County,

MA; and Seabrook and South Hampton towns in Rockingham County,

NH

Michigan

 Detroit ............................................................ PMSA Lapeer, Macomb, Monroe, Oakland, St. Clair, and Wayne Counties

Minnesota

 Minneapolis-St. Paul ...................................... MSA Anoka, Carver, Chisago, Dakota, Hennepin, Isanti, Ramsey, Scott,

Sherburne, Washington, and Wright Counties, MN; Pierce and St. Croix

Counties, WI

Missouri

 Kansas City ................................................... MSA Johnson, Leavenworth, Miami, and Wyandotte Counties, KS; Cass, Clay,

Clinton, Jackson, Lafayette, Platte, and Ray Counties, MO

 St. Louis ......................................................... MSA1 Clinton, Jersey, Madison, Monroe, and St. Clair Counties, IL; St. Louis city

and Franklin, Jefferson, Lincoln, St. Charles, St. Louis, and Warren

Counties, MO

New Jersey

 Bergen-Passaic ............................................. PMSA Bergen and Passaic Counties

 Newark ........................................................... PMSA Essex, Morris, Sussex, Union, and Warren Counties

New York

 Buffalo-Niagara Falls ..................................... MSA Erie and Niagara Counties

 Nassau-Suffolk .............................................. PMSA Nassau and Suffolk Counties

 New York ........................................................ PMSA Bronx, Kings, New York, Putnam, Queens, Richmond, Rockland, and

Westchester Counties

 Rochester ...................................................... MSA Genesee, Livingston, Monroe, Ontario, Orleans, and Wayne Counties

North Carolina

 Charlotte-Gastonia-Rock Hill ......................... MSA Cabarrus, Gaston, Lincoln, Mecklenburg, Rowan, and Union Counties,

NC; York County, SC

Table C-2. Geographic boundaries of metropolitan areas—Continued

 1 This is not the official OMB definition of the St. Louis metropolitan statistical area. Excluded is the part of Sullivan City in Crawford

County, MO.

State and area Type of

area Definition
159

State and area Type of

area

Definition

Table C-2. Geographic boundaries of metropolitan areas—Continued

Ohio

Cincinnati ...................................................... PMSA Dearborn and Ohio Counties, IN; Boone, Campbell, Gallatin, Grant,

Kenton, and Pendleton Counties, KY; and Brown, Clermont, Hamilton, and

Warren Counties, OH

Cleveland-Lorain-Elyria ................................ PMSA Ashtabula, Cuyahoga, Geauga, Lake, Lorain, and Medina Counties

Columbus ...................................................... MSA Delaware, Fairfield, Franklin, Licking, Madison, and Pickaway Counties

Dayton-Springfield ........................................ MSA Clark, Greene, Miami, and Montgomery Counties

Oklahoma

Oklahoma City .............................................. MSA Canadian, Cleveland, Logan, McClain, Oklahoma, and Pottawatomie

Counties

Oregon

Portland-Vancouver ...................................... PMSA Clackamas, Columbia, Multnomah, Washington, and Yamhill Counties,

OR; Clark County, WA

Pennsylvania

Philadelphia ................................................... PMSA Burlington, Camden, Gloucester, and Salem Counties, NJ; Bucks,

Chester, Delaware, Montgomery, and Philadephia Counties, PA

Pittsburgh ...................................................... MSA Allegheny, Beaver, Butler, Fayette, Washington, and Westmoreland

Counties

Rhode Island

Providence-Fall River-Warwick ................... MSA Attleboro and Fall River cities and North Attleboro, Rehoboth, Seekonk,

Somerset, Swansea, and Westport towns in Bristol County, MA;

Barrington, Bristol, and Warren towns in Bristol County, RI; Warwick city

and Coventry, East Greenwich, West Greenwich, and West Warwick towns

in Kent County, RI; Jamestown, Little Compton, and Tiverton towns in

Newport County, RI; Central Falls, Cranston, East Providence,

Pawtucket, Providence, and Woonsocket cities, and Burrillville,

Cumberland, Foster, Glocester, Johnston, Lincoln, North Providence,

North Smithfield, Scituate, and Smithfield in Providence County, RI;

Charlestown, Exeter, Narragansett, North Kingstown, Richmond, and

South Kingstown towns in Washington County, RI

Tennessee

Memphis ....................................................... MSA Crittenden County, AR; DeSoto County, MS; and Fayette, Shelby, and

Tipton Counties, TN

Texas

Dallas-Fort Worth ......................................... CMSA Collin, Dallas, Denton, Ellis, Henderson, Hood, Hunt, Johnson, Kaufman,

Parker, Rockwall, and Tarrant Counties

Houston ........................................................ PMSA Chambers, Fort Bend, Harris, Liberty, Montgomery, and Waller Counties

San Antonio ................................................... MSA Bexar, Comal, Guadalupe, and Wilson Counties

Utah

Salt Lake City-Ogden ................................... MSA Davis, Salt Lake, and Weber Counties

Virginia

Norfolk-Virginia Beach-Newport News ........ MSA Currituck County, NC; Chesapeake, Hampton, Newport News, Norfolk,

Poquoson, Portsmouth, Suffolk, Virginia Beach, and Williamsburg cities

and Gloucester, Isle of Wight, James City, Mathews, and York Counties,

VA

Washington

Seattle-Bellevue-Everett .............................. PMSA Island, King, and Snohomish Counties

Wisconsin

Milwaukee-Waukesha .................................. PMSA Milwaukee, Ozaukee, Washington, and Waukesha Counties