Transmission of material in this release is embargoed until USDL-17-1070 

8:30 a.m. (EDT) Friday, August 4, 2017

Technical information: 

Household data: (202) 691-6378 • cpsinfo@bls.gov • www.bls.gov/cps 

Establishment data: (202) 691-6555 • cesinfo@bls.gov • www.bls.gov/ces 

Media contact: (202) 691-5902 • PressOffice@bls.gov 

THE EMPLOYMENT SITUATION — JULY 2017 

Total nonfarm payroll employment increased by 209,000 in July, and the unemployment rate was 

little changed at 4.3 percent, the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today. Employment increased 

in food services and drinking places, professional and business services, and health care. 

Household Survey Data 

Both the unemployment rate, at 4.3 percent, and the number of unemployed persons, at 7.0 million, 

changed little in July. After declining earlier in the year, the unemployment rate has shown little 

movement in recent months. (See table A-1.) 

Among the major worker groups, the unemployment rates for adult men (4.0 percent), adult women 

(4.0 percent), teenagers (13.2 percent), Whites (3.8 percent), Blacks (7.4 percent), Asians (3.8 percent), 

and Hispanics (5.1 percent) showed little or no change in July. (See tables A-1, A-2, and A-3.) 

Chart 2. Nonfarm payroll employment over-the-month 

change, seasonally adjusted, July 2015 – July 2017

Percent Thousands

3.0

4.0

5.0

6.0

7.0

Jul-15 Oct-15 Jan-16 Apr-16 Jul-16 Oct-16 Jan-17 Apr-17 Jul-17

Chart 1. Unemployment rate, seasonally adjusted, 

July 2015 – July 2017

-50

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

400

450

Jul-15 Oct-15 Jan-16 Ap r-16 Jul-16 Oct-16 Jan-17 Ap r-17 Jul-17
-2- 

Among the unemployed, the number of long-term unemployed (those jobless for 27 weeks or more) 

was little changed at 1.8 million in July and accounted for 25.9 percent of the unemployed. (See table 

A-12.) 

The labor force participation rate, at 62.9 percent, changed little in July and has shown little 

movement on net over the past year. The employment-population ratio (60.2 percent) was also little 

changed in July but is up by 0.4 percentage point over the year. (See table A-1.) 

The number of persons employed part time for economic reasons (sometimes referred to as 

involuntary part-time workers), at 5.3 million, was essentially unchanged in July. These individuals, 

who would have preferred full-time employment, were working part time because their hours had been 

cut back or because they were unable to find a full-time job. (See table A-8.) 

In July, 1.6 million persons were marginally attached to the labor force, down by 321,000 from a year 

earlier. (The data are not seasonally adjusted.) These individuals were not in the labor force, wanted and 

were available for work, and had looked for a job sometime in the prior 12 months. They were not 

counted as unemployed because they had not searched for work in the 4 weeks preceding the survey. 

(See table A-16.) 

Among the marginally attached, there were 536,000 discouraged workers in July, essentially 

unchanged over the year. Discouraged workers are persons not currently looking for work because they 

believe no jobs are available for them. The remaining 1.1 million persons marginally attached to the 

labor force in July had not searched for work for reasons such as school attendance or family 

responsibilities. (See table A-16.) 

Establishment Survey Data 

Total nonfarm payroll employment increased by 209,000 in July. Job gains occurred in food services 

and drinking places, professional and business services, and health care. Employment growth has 

averaged 184,000 per month thus far this year, in line with the average monthly gain in 2016 

(+187,000). (See table B-1.) 

Employment in food services and drinking places rose by 53,000 in July. The industry has added 

313,000 jobs over the year. 

Professional and business services added 49,000 jobs in July, in line with its average monthly job gain 

over the prior 12 months. 

In July, health care employment increased by 39,000, with job gains occurring in ambulatory health 

care services (+30,000) and hospitals (+7,000). Health care has added 327,000 jobs over the past year. 

Employment in mining was essentially unchanged in July (+1,000). From a recent low in October 2016 

through June, the industry had added an average of 7,000 jobs per month. 

Employment in other major industries, including construction, manufacturing, wholesale trade, retail 

trade, transportation and warehousing, information, financial activities, and government, showed 

little change over the month. 
-3- 

The average workweek for all employees on private nonfarm payrolls was unchanged at 34.5 hours in 

July. In manufacturing, the workweek was also unchanged at 40.9 hours, and overtime remained at 3.3 

hours. The average workweek for production and nonsupervisory employees on private nonfarm 

payrolls was 33.7 hours for the fourth consecutive month. (See tables B-2 and B-7.) 

In July, average hourly earnings for all employees on private nonfarm payrolls rose by 9 cents to 

$26.36. Over the year, average hourly earnings have risen by 65 cents, or 2.5 percent. In July, average 

hourly earnings of private-sector production and nonsupervisory employees increased by 6 cents to 

$22.10. (See tables B-3 and B-8.) 

The change in total nonfarm payroll employment for May was revised down from +152,000 to 

+145,000, and the change for June was revised up from +222,000 to +231,000. With these revisions, 

employment gains in May and June combined were 2,000 more than previously reported. Monthly 

revisions result from additional reports received from businesses and government agencies since the last 

published estimates and from the recalculation of seasonal factors. Over the past 3 months, job gains 

have averaged 195,000 per month. 

_____________ 

The Employment Situation for August is scheduled to be released on Friday, September 1, 2017, at 

8:30 a.m. (EDT). 

2017 CES Preliminary Benchmark Revision will be released on September 6, 2017 

Each year, the Current Employment Statistics (CES) survey estimates are benchmarked to 

comprehensive counts of employment from the Quarterly Census of Employment and Wages (QCEW) 

for the month of March. These counts are derived from state unemployment insurance (UI) tax records 

that nearly all employers are required to file. On September 6, 2017, at 10:00 a.m. (EDT), the Bureau of 

Labor Statistics (BLS) will release the preliminary estimate of the upcoming annual benchmark revision 

to the establishment survey employment series. This is the same day the first-quarter 2017 data from 

QCEW will be issued. Preliminary benchmark revisions for all major industry sectors, as well as total 

nonfarm and total private levels, will be available on the BLS website at 

www.bls.gov/web/empsit/cesprelbmk.htm. 

The final benchmark revision will be issued with the publication of the January 2018 Employment 

Situation news release in February 2018. 

 
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Summary table A. Household data, seasonally adjusted

[Numbers in thousands]

Category July

2016

May

2017

June

2017

July

2017

Change from:

June 2017-

July 2017

Employment status

Civilian noninstitutional population........................................... 253,620 254,767 254,957 255,151 194

Civilian labor force........................................................... 159,295 159,784 160,145 160,494 349

Participation rate.......................................................... 62.8 62.7 62.8 62.9 0.1

Employed................................................................... 151,546 152,923 153,168 153,513 345

Employment-population ratio.......................................... 59.8 60.0 60.1 60.2 0.1

Unemployed............................................................... 7,749 6,861 6,977 6,981 4

Unemployment rate.................................................... 4.9 4.3 4.4 4.3 -0.1

Not in labor force............................................................ 94,325 94,983 94,813 94,657 -156

Unemployment rates

Total, 16 years and over...................................................... 4.9 4.3 4.4 4.3 -0.1

Adult men (20 years and over)............................................ 4.6 3.8 4.0 4.0 0.0

Adult women (20 years and over)......................................... 4.3 4.0 4.0 4.0 0.0

Teenagers (16 to 19 years)................................................ 15.6 14.3 13.3 13.2 -0.1

White.......................................................................... 4.3 3.7 3.8 3.8 0.0

Black or African American.................................................. 8.4 7.5 7.1 7.4 0.3

Asian.......................................................................... 3.8 3.6 3.6 3.8 0.2

Hispanic or Latino ethnicity................................................. 5.4 5.2 4.8 5.1 0.3

Total, 25 years and over...................................................... 4.0 3.6 3.7 3.6 -0.1

Less than a high school diploma.......................................... 6.3 6.1 6.4 6.9 0.5

High school graduates, no college........................................ 5.0 4.7 4.6 4.5 -0.1

Some college or associate degree........................................ 4.2 4.0 3.8 3.7 -0.1

Bachelor’s degree and higher.............................................. 2.5 2.3 2.4 2.4 0.0

Reason for unemployment

Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs.................. 3,711 3,327 3,444 3,378 -66

Job leavers...................................................................... 837 804 820 757 -63

Reentrants....................................................................... 2,299 2,100 2,043 2,083 40

New entrants.................................................................... 822 656 682 703 21

Duration of unemployment

Less than 5 weeks............................................................. 2,147 2,154 2,305 2,133 -172

5 to 14 weeks................................................................... 2,274 1,960 1,933 2,017 84

15 to 26 weeks................................................................. 1,158 1,157 948 957 9

27 weeks and over............................................................. 2,017 1,663 1,664 1,785 121

Employed persons at work part time

Part time for economic reasons.............................................. 5,936 5,219 5,326 5,282 -44

Slack work or business conditions........................................ 3,629 3,082 3,286 3,161 -125

Could only find part-time work............................................. 1,979 1,789 1,727 1,754 27

Part time for noneconomic reasons.......................................... 20,729 21,020 20,791 21,260 469

Persons not in the labor force (not seasonally adjusted)

Marginally attached to the labor force....................................... 1,950 1,475 1,582 1,629 –

Discouraged workers........................................................ 591 355 514 536 –

- Over-the-month changes are not displayed for not seasonally adjusted data.

NOTE: Persons whose ethnicity is identified as Hispanic or Latino may be of any race. Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will

not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced

annually with the release of January data.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Summary table B. Establishment data, seasonally adjusted

Category July

2016

May

2017

June

2017p

July

2017p

EMPLOYMENT BY SELECTED INDUSTRY

(Over-the-month change, in thousands)

Total nonfarm. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 291 145 231 209

Total private. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 249 153 194 205

Goods-producing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 13 32 22

Mining and logging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -4 6 5 0

Construction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 7 15 6

Manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 0 12 16

Durable goods1

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 5 16 13

Motor vehicles and parts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.9 0.5 -0.2 1.6

Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 -5 -4 3

Private service-providing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 223 140 162 183

Wholesale trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.5 -1.8 10.3 6.1

Retail trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18.6 -10.4 1.8 0.9

Transportation and warehousing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13.6 13.6 6.1 0.9

Utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.6 -1.7 0.8 -0.9

Information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -2 -5 2 4

Financial activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 10 13 6

Professional and business services1

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84 50 32 49

Temporary help services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16.4 15.3 2.9 14.7

Education and health services1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41 37 43 54

Health care and social assistance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54.2 29.7 55.2 45.0

Leisure and hospitality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42 33 40 62

Other services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 15 13 1

Government. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42 -8 37 4

(3-month average change, in thousands)

Total nonfarm. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 210 134 194 195

Total private. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 178 135 180 184

WOMEN AND PRODUCTION AND NONSUPERVISORY EMPLOYEES

AS A PERCENT OF ALL EMPLOYEES2

Total nonfarm women employees. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49.6 49.5 49.5 49.5

Total private women employees. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48.2 48.1 48.1 48.1

Total private production and nonsupervisory employees. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82.3 82.4 82.4 82.4

HOURS AND EARNINGS

ALL EMPLOYEES

Total private

Average weekly hours. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34.4 34.4 34.5 34.5

Average hourly earnings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $25.71 $26.22 $26.27 $26.36

Average weekly earnings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $884.42 $901.97 $906.32 $909.42

Index of aggregate weekly hours (2007=100)3

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105.5 106.9 107.4 107.6

Over-the-month percent change. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.2 -0.2 0.5 0.2

Index of aggregate weekly payrolls (2007=100)4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 129.7 134.0 134.9 135.6

Over-the-month percent change. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.5 -0.1 0.7 0.5

DIFFUSION INDEX

(Over 1-month span)5

Total private (261 industries). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62.1 54.4 62.5 63.2

Manufacturing (78 industries). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46.8 42.9 60.3 59.6

1

Includes other industries, not shown separately.

2 Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in the

service-providing industries.

3 The indexes of aggregate weekly hours are calculated by dividing the current month’s estimates of aggregate hours by the corresponding annual average aggregate

hours.

4 The indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls are calculated by dividing the current month’s estimates of aggregate weekly payrolls by the corresponding annual average

aggregate weekly payrolls.

5 Figures are the percent of industries with employment increasing plus one-half of the industries with unchanged employment, where 50 percent indicates an equal

balance between industries with increasing and decreasing employment.

p Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2016 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.
Frequently Asked Questions about Employment and Unemployment Estimates 

1. Why are there two monthly measures of employment?

The household survey and establishment survey both produce sample-based estimates of

employment, and both have strengths and limitations. The establishment survey employment series

has a smaller margin of error on the measurement of month-to-month change than the household

survey because of its much larger sample size. An over-the-month employment change of about

100,000 is statistically significant in the establishment survey, while the threshold for a statistically

significant change in the household survey is about 500,000. However, the household survey has a

more expansive scope than the establishment survey because it includes self-employed workers

whose businesses are unincorporated, unpaid family workers, agricultural workers, and private

household workers, who are excluded by the establishment survey. The household survey also

provides estimates of employment for demographic groups. For more information on the differences

between the two surveys, please visit https://www.bls.gov/web/empsit/ces_cps_trends.htm.

2. Are undocumented immigrants counted in the surveys?

It is likely that both surveys include at least some undocumented immigrants. However, neither the

establishment nor the household survey is designed to identify the legal status of workers. Therefore,

it is not possible to determine how many are counted in either survey. The establishment survey does

not collect data on the legal status of workers. The household survey does include questions which

identify the foreign and native born, but it does not include questions about the legal status of the

foreign born. Data on the foreign and native born are published each month in table A-7 of The

Employment Situation news release.

3. Why does the establishment survey have revisions?

The establishment survey revises published estimates to improve its data series by incorporating

additional information that was not available at the time of the initial publication of the estimates.

The establishment survey revises its initial monthly estimates twice, in the immediately succeeding

2 months, to incorporate additional sample receipts from respondents in the survey and recalculated

seasonal adjustment factors. For more information on the monthly revisions, please visit

https://www.bls.gov/ces/cesrevinfo.htm.

On an annual basis, the establishment survey incorporates a benchmark revision that re-anchors

estimates to nearly complete employment counts available from unemployment insurance tax

records. The benchmark helps to control for sampling and modeling errors in the estimates. For more

information on the annual benchmark revision, please visit

https://www.bls.gov/web/empsit/cesbmart.htm.

4. Does the establishment survey sample include small firms?

Yes; about 40 percent of the establishment survey sample is comprised of business establishments

with fewer than 20 employees. The establishment survey sample is designed to maximize the

reliability of the statewide total nonfarm employment estimate; firms from all states, size classes, and

industries are appropriately sampled to achieve that goal.
5. Does the establishment survey account for employment from new businesses? 

Yes; monthly establishment survey estimates include an adjustment to account for the net 

employment change generated by business births and deaths. The adjustment comes from an 

econometric model that forecasts the monthly net jobs impact of business births and deaths based 

on the actual past values of the net impact that can be observed with a lag from the Quarterly Census 

of Employment and Wages. The establishment survey uses modeling rather than sampling for this 

purpose because the survey is not immediately able to bring new businesses into the sample. There 

is an unavoidable lag between the birth of a new firm and its appearance on the sampling frame and 

availability for selection. BLS adds new businesses to the survey twice a year. 

6. Is the count of unemployed persons limited to just those people receiving unemployment 

insurance benefits? 

No; the estimate of unemployment is based on a monthly sample survey of households. All persons 

who are without jobs and are actively seeking and available to work are included among the 

unemployed. (People on temporary layoff are included even if they do not actively seek work.) There 

is no requirement or question relating to unemployment insurance benefits in the monthly survey. 

7. Does the official unemployment rate exclude people who want a job but are not currently 

looking for work? 

Yes; however, there are separate estimates of persons outside the labor force who want a job, 

including those who are not currently looking because they believe no jobs are available (discouraged 

workers). In addition, alternative measures of labor underutilization (some of which include 

discouraged workers and other groups not officially counted as unemployed) are published each 

month in table A-15 of The Employment Situation news release. For more information about these 

alternative measures, please visit https://www.bls.gov/cps/lfcharacteristics.htm#altmeasures. 

8. How can unusually severe weather affect employment and hours estimates? 

In the establishment survey, the reference period is the pay period that includes the 12th of the 

month. Unusually severe weather is more likely to have an impact on average weekly hours than 

on employment. Average weekly hours are estimated for paid time during the pay period, including 

pay for holidays, sick leave, or other time off. The impact of severe weather on hours estimates 

typically, but not always, results in a reduction in average weekly hours. For example, some 

employees may be off work for part of the pay period and not receive pay for the time missed, 

while some workers, such as those dealing with cleanup or repair, may work extra hours. 

Typically, it is not possible to precisely quantify the effect of extreme weather on payroll 

employment estimates. In order for severe weather conditions to reduce employment estimates, 

employees have to be off work without pay for the entire pay period. Employees 

who receive pay for any part of the pay period, even 1 hour, are counted in the payroll 

employment figures. For more information on how often employees are paid, please visit 

https://www.bls.gov/opub/btn/volume-3/how-frequently-do-private-businesses-pay-workers.htm. 

In the household survey, the reference period is generally the calendar week that includes the 12th 

of the month. Persons who miss the entire week's work for weather-related events are counted as 

employed whether or not they are paid for the time off. The household survey collects data on the 

number of persons who had a job but were not at work due to bad weather. It also provides a measure 

of the number of persons who usually work full time but had reduced hours due to bad weather. 

Current and historical data are available on the household survey's most requested statistics page, 

please visit https://data.bls.gov/cgi-bin/surveymost?ln.
Technical Note

This news release presents statistics from two major 

surveys, the Current Population Survey (CPS; household 

survey) and the Current Employment Statistics survey (CES; 

establishment survey). The household survey provides 

information on the labor force, employment, and 

unemployment that appears in the "A" tables, marked 

HOUSEHOLD DATA. It is a sample survey of about 60,000 

eligible households conducted by the U.S. Census Bureau for 

the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS). 

The establishment survey provides information on 

employment, hours, and earnings of employees on nonfarm 

payrolls; the data appear in the "B" tables, marked 

ESTABLISHMENT DATA. BLS collects these data each 

month from the payroll records of a sample of 

nonagricultural business establishments. Each month the 

CES program surveys about 147,000 businesses and 

government agencies, representing approximately 634,000 

individual worksites, in order to provide detailed industry 

data on employment, hours, and earnings of workers on 

nonfarm payrolls. The active sample includes approximately 

one-third of all nonfarm payroll employees. 

For both surveys, the data for a given month relate to a 

particular week or pay period. In the household survey, the 

reference period is generally the calendar week that contains 

the 12th day of the month. In the establishment survey, the 

reference period is the pay period including the 12th, which 

may or may not correspond directly to the calendar week.

Coverage, definitions, and differences between surveys

Household survey. The sample is selected to reflect 

the entire civilian noninstitutional population. Based on 

responses to a series of questions on work and job search 

activities, each person 16 years and over in a sample 

household is classified as employed, unemployed, or not in 

the labor force.

People are classified as employed if they did any work 

at all as paid employees during the reference week; worked 

in their own business, profession, or on their own farm; or 

worked without pay at least 15 hours in a family business or 

farm. People are also counted as employed if they were 

temporarily absent from their jobs because of illness, bad 

weather, vacation, labor-management disputes, or personal 

reasons. 

People are classified as unemployed if they meet all of 

the following criteria: they had no employment during the 

reference week; they were available for work at that time; 

and they made specific efforts to find employment sometime 

during the 4-week period ending with the reference week. 

Persons laid off from a job and expecting recall need not be 

looking for work to be counted as unemployed. The 

unemployment data derived from the household survey in no 

way depend upon the eligibility for or receipt of 

unemployment insurance benefits.

The civilian labor force is the sum of employed and 

unemployed persons. Those persons not classified as 

employed or unemployed are not in the labor force. The 

unemployment rate is the number unemployed as a percent 

of the labor force. The labor force participation rate is the 

labor force as a percent of the population, and

the employment-population ratio is the employed as a 

percent of the population. Additional information

about the household survey can be found at 

https://www.bls.gov/cps/documentation.htm.

Establishment survey. The sample establishments are 

drawn from private nonfarm businesses such as factories, 

offices, and stores, as well as from federal, state, and local 

government entities. Employees on nonfarm payrolls are 

those who received pay for any part of the reference pay 

period, including persons on paid leave. Persons are counted 

in each job they hold. Hours and earnings data are produced 

for the private sector for all employees and for production 

and nonsupervisory employees. Production and

nonsupervisory employees are defined as production and 

related employees in manufacturing and mining and logging, 

construction workers in construction, and non-supervisory 

employees in private service-providing industries. 

Industries are classified on the basis of an 

establishment’s principal activity in accordance with the 

2012 version of the North American Industry Classification 

System. Additional information about the establishment 

survey can be found at https://www.bls.gov/ces/.

Differences in employment estimates. The numerous 

conceptual and methodological differences between the 

household and establishment surveys result in important 

distinctions in the employment estimates derived from the 

surveys. Among these are:

• The household survey includes agricultural 

workers, self-employed workers whose businesses 

are unincorporated, unpaid family workers, and 

private household workers among the employed. 

These groups are excluded from the establishment 

survey.

• The household survey includes people on unpaid 

leave among the employed. The establishment 

survey does not.

• The household survey is limited to workers 16 years 

of age and older. The establishment survey is not 

limited by age.

• The household survey has no duplication of

individuals, because individuals are counted only 

once, even if they hold more than one job. In the 

establishment survey, employees working at more 

than one job and thus appearing on more than one 

payroll are counted separately for each appearance.
Seasonal adjustment

Over the course of a year, the size of the nation's labor 

force and the levels of employment and unemployment 

undergo regularly occurring fluctuations. These events may 

result from seasonal changes in weather, major holidays, and 

the opening and closing of schools. The effect of such 

seasonal variation can be very large. 

Because these seasonal events follow a more or less 

regular pattern each year, their influence on the level of a 

series can be tempered by adjusting for regular seasonal 

variation. These adjustments make nonseasonal 

developments, such as declines in employment or increases 

in the participation of women in the labor force, easier to 

spot. For example, in the household survey, the large number 

of youth entering the labor force each June is likely to 

obscure any other changes that have taken place relative to 

May, making it difficult to determine if the level of economic 

activity has risen or declined. Similarly, in the establishment 

survey, payroll employment in education declines by about 

20 percent at the end of the spring term and later rises with 

the start of the fall term, obscuring the underlying 

employment trends in the industry. Because seasonal 

employment changes at the end and beginning of the school 

year can be estimated, the statistics can be adjusted to make 

underlying employment patterns more discernable. The 

seasonally adjusted figures provide a more useful tool with 

which to analyze changes in month-to-month economic 

activity.

Many seasonally adjusted series are independently 

adjusted in both the household and establishment surveys. 

However, the adjusted series for many major estimates, such 

as total payroll employment, employment in most major 

sectors, total employment, and unemployment are computed 

by aggregating independently adjusted component series. 

For example, total unemployment is derived by summing the 

adjusted series for four major age-sex components; this 

differs from the unemployment estimate that would be 

obtained by directly adjusting the total or by combining the 

duration, reasons, or more detailed age categories. 

For both the household and establishment surveys, a 

concurrent seasonal adjustment methodology is used in 

which new seasonal factors are calculated each month using 

all relevant data, up to and including the data for the current 

month. In the household survey, new seasonal factors are 

used to adjust only the current month's data. In the 

establishment survey, however, new seasonal factors are 

used each month to adjust the three most recent monthly 

estimates. The prior 2 months are routinely revised to 

incorporate additional sample reports and recalculated 

seasonal adjustment factors. In both surveys, 5-year 

revisions to historical data are made once a year.

Reliability of the estimates

Statistics based on the household and establishment 

surveys are subject to both sampling and nonsampling error. 

When a sample, rather than the entire population, is 

surveyed, there is a chance that the sample estimates may 

differ from the true population values they represent. The 

component of this difference that occurs because samples 

differ by chance is known as sampling error, and its 

variability is measured by the standard error of the estimate. 

There is about a 90-percent chance, or level of confidence, 

that an estimate based on a sample will differ by no more 

than 1.6 standard errors from the true population value 

because of sampling error. BLS analyses are generally 

conducted at the 90-percent level of confidence. 

For example, the confidence interval for the monthly 

change in total nonfarm employment from the establishment 

survey is on the order of plus or minus 120,000. Suppose the 

estimate of nonfarm employment increases by 50,000 from 

one month to the next. The 90-percent confidence interval on 

the monthly change would range from -70,000 to +170,000 

(50,000 +/- 120,000). These figures do not mean that the 

sample results are off by these magnitudes, but rather that 

there is about a 90-percent chance that the true over-themonth change lies within this interval. Since this range 

includes values of less than zero, we could not say with 

confidence that nonfarm employment had, in fact, increased 

that month. If, however, the reported nonfarm employment 

rise was 250,000, then all of the values within the 90-percent 

confidence interval would be greater than zero. In this case, 

it is likely (at least a 90-percent chance) that nonfarm 

employment had, in fact, risen that month. At an 

unemployment rate of around 6.0 percent, the 90-percent 

confidence interval for the monthly change in unemployment 

as measured by the household survey is about +/- 300,000, 

and for the monthly change in the unemployment rate it is 

about +/- 0.2 percentage point.

In general, estimates involving many individuals or 

establishments have lower standard errors (relative to the 

size of the estimate) than estimates which are based on a 

small number of observations. The precision of estimates 

also is improved when the data are cumulated over time, such 

as for quarterly and annual averages.

The household and establishment surveys are also 

affected by nonsampling error, which can occur for many 

reasons, including the failure to sample a segment of the 

population, inability to obtain information for all respondents 

in the sample, inability or unwillingness of respondents to 

provide correct information on a timely basis, mistakes made 

by respondents, and errors made in the collection or 

processing of the data.

For example, in the establishment survey, estimates for 

the most recent 2 months are based on incomplete returns; 

for this reason, these estimates are labeled preliminary in the 

tables. It is only after two successive revisions to a monthly 

estimate, when nearly all sample reports have been received, 

that the estimate is considered final.

Another major source of nonsampling error in the 

establishment survey is the inability to capture, on a timely 

basis, employment generated by new firms. To correct for 

this systematic underestimation of employment growth, an 

estimation procedure with two components is used to 

account for business births. The first component excludes 

employment losses from business deaths from sample-based 
estimation in order to offset the missing employment gains 

from business births. This is incorporated into the samplebased estimation procedure by simply not reflecting sample 

units going out of business, but imputing to them the same 

employment trend as the other firms in the sample. This 

procedure accounts for most of the net birth/death 

employment.

The second component is an ARIMA time series model 

designed to estimate the residual net birth/death employment 

not accounted for by the imputation. The historical time 

series used to create and test the ARIMA model was derived 

from the unemployment insurance universe micro-level 

database, and reflects the actual residual net of births and 

deaths over the past 5 years.

The sample-based estimates from the establishment

survey are adjusted once a year (on a lagged basis) to 

universe counts of payroll employment obtained from 

administrative records of the unemployment insurance 

program. The difference between the March sample-based 

employment estimates and the March universe counts is 

known as a benchmark revision, and serves as a rough proxy 

for total survey error. The new benchmarks also incorporate 

changes in the classification of industries. Over the past 

decade, absolute benchmark revisions for total nonfarm 

employment have averaged 0.3 percent, with a range from

-0.7 percent to 0.6 percent.

Other information

Information in this release will be made available to 

sensory impaired individuals upon request. Voice phone: 

(202) 691-5200; Federal Relay Service: (800) 877-8339.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-1. Employment status of the civilian population by sex and age

[Numbers in thousands]

Employment status, sex, and age

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted1

July

2016

June

2017

July

2017

July

2016

Mar.

2017

Apr.

2017

May

2017

June

2017

July

2017

TOTAL

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 253,620 254,957 255,151 253,620 254,414 254,588 254,767 254,957 255,151

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 160,705 161,337 161,911 159,295 160,201 160,213 159,784 160,145 160,494

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63.4 63.3 63.5 62.8 63.0 62.9 62.7 62.8 62.9

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 152,437 154,086 154,470 151,546 153,000 153,156 152,923 153,168 153,513

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60.1 60.4 60.5 59.8 60.1 60.2 60.0 60.1 60.2

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8,267 7,250 7,441 7,749 7,202 7,056 6,861 6,977 6,981

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.1 4.5 4.6 4.9 4.5 4.4 4.3 4.4 4.3

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92,916 93,621 93,240 94,325 94,213 94,375 94,983 94,813 94,657

Persons who currently want a job. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,244 5,725 5,713 5,892 5,781 5,707 5,561 5,431 5,420

Men, 16 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122,539 123,215 123,311 122,539 122,945 123,032 123,120 123,215 123,311

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86,130 85,970 86,212 84,818 85,076 85,175 84,896 84,992 84,989

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70.3 69.8 69.9 69.2 69.2 69.2 69.0 69.0 68.9

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81,823 82,230 82,484 80,544 81,136 81,419 81,290 81,290 81,273

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66.8 66.7 66.9 65.7 66.0 66.2 66.0 66.0 65.9

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,308 3,740 3,728 4,274 3,940 3,755 3,606 3,702 3,715

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.0 4.4 4.3 5.0 4.6 4.4 4.2 4.4 4.4

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36,409 37,245 37,099 37,721 37,870 37,857 38,224 38,223 38,323

Men, 20 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114,058 114,721 114,817 114,058 114,455 114,538 114,627 114,721 114,817

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82,393 82,394 82,656 81,818 82,046 82,091 81,942 81,975 82,108

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72.2 71.8 72.0 71.7 71.7 71.7 71.5 71.5 71.5

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78,695 79,267 79,457 78,042 78,556 78,838 78,801 78,707 78,830

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69.0 69.1 69.2 68.4 68.6 68.8 68.7 68.6 68.7

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,698 3,126 3,199 3,775 3,491 3,253 3,141 3,268 3,278

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.5 3.8 3.9 4.6 4.3 4.0 3.8 4.0 4.0

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31,665 32,327 32,161 32,240 32,409 32,447 32,685 32,746 32,709

Women, 16 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131,081 131,742 131,840 131,081 131,469 131,556 131,647 131,742 131,840

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74,574 75,366 75,699 74,477 75,126 75,038 74,887 75,153 75,505

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56.9 57.2 57.4 56.8 57.1 57.0 56.9 57.0 57.3

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70,615 71,856 71,986 71,002 71,863 71,737 71,633 71,878 72,240

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53.9 54.5 54.6 54.2 54.7 54.5 54.4 54.6 54.8

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,960 3,510 3,713 3,475 3,262 3,301 3,255 3,274 3,265

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.3 4.7 4.9 4.7 4.3 4.4 4.3 4.4 4.3

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56,507 56,376 56,141 56,604 56,343 56,518 56,759 56,590 56,334

Women, 20 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122,835 123,480 123,577 122,835 123,212 123,296 123,386 123,480 123,577

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71,092 71,844 72,127 71,588 72,160 72,136 71,988 72,149 72,526

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57.9 58.2 58.4 58.3 58.6 58.5 58.3 58.4 58.7

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67,702 68,855 68,860 68,534 69,271 69,213 69,105 69,241 69,599

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55.1 55.8 55.7 55.8 56.2 56.1 56.0 56.1 56.3

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,389 2,989 3,267 3,054 2,890 2,922 2,883 2,907 2,927

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.8 4.2 4.5 4.3 4.0 4.1 4.0 4.0 4.0

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51,743 51,637 51,450 51,246 51,052 51,161 51,398 51,332 51,051

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16,728 16,756 16,757 16,728 16,747 16,754 16,754 16,756 16,757

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7,220 7,099 7,128 5,889 5,995 5,986 5,854 6,021 5,860

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43.2 42.4 42.5 35.2 35.8 35.7 34.9 35.9 35.0

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,040 5,964 6,154 4,969 5,173 5,105 5,017 5,220 5,084

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36.1 35.6 36.7 29.7 30.9 30.5 29.9 31.2 30.3

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,179 1,135 974 920 822 881 837 801 775

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16.3 16.0 13.7 15.6 13.7 14.7 14.3 13.3 13.2

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9,508 9,657 9,629 10,838 10,752 10,768 10,901 10,735 10,898

1 The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns.

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-2. Employment status of the civilian population by race, sex, and age

[Numbers in thousands]

Employment status, race, sex, and age

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted1

July

2016

June

2017

July

2017

July

2016

Mar.

2017

Apr.

2017

May

2017

June

2017

July

2017

WHITE

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 198,253 198,872 198,974 198,253 198,604 198,685 198,775 198,872 198,974

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125,849 125,770 126,046 124,769 125,046 124,925 124,481 124,890 124,968

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63.5 63.2 63.3 62.9 63.0 62.9 62.6 62.8 62.8

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 120,140 120,768 121,029 119,412 120,180 120,142 119,896 120,091 120,262

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60.6 60.7 60.8 60.2 60.5 60.5 60.3 60.4 60.4

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,709 5,002 5,017 5,357 4,866 4,783 4,585 4,799 4,706

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.5 4.0 4.0 4.3 3.9 3.8 3.7 3.8 3.8

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72,404 73,102 72,928 73,484 73,557 73,760 74,294 73,982 74,006

Men, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65,659 65,494 65,555 65,208 65,219 65,306 65,217 65,225 65,141

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72.5 72.0 72.1 72.0 71.9 71.9 71.8 71.8 71.6

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63,059 63,269 63,394 62,540 62,850 63,053 62,999 62,886 62,904

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69.6 69.6 69.7 69.0 69.2 69.4 69.3 69.2 69.2

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,601 2,225 2,161 2,668 2,369 2,253 2,218 2,339 2,238

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.0 3.4 3.3 4.1 3.6 3.4 3.4 3.6 3.4

Women, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54,510 54,775 55,081 54,940 55,153 54,983 54,785 55,015 55,393

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57.2 57.3 57.6 57.6 57.8 57.6 57.3 57.5 57.9

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52,239 52,765 52,839 52,910 53,211 53,049 52,927 53,100 53,420

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54.8 55.2 55.2 55.5 55.7 55.5 55.4 55.5 55.8

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,271 2,010 2,242 2,030 1,942 1,935 1,858 1,915 1,973

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.2 3.7 4.1 3.7 3.5 3.5 3.4 3.5 3.6

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,680 5,501 5,411 4,621 4,674 4,635 4,479 4,650 4,433

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46.0 44.6 43.8 37.4 37.9 37.5 36.3 37.7 35.9

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,843 4,733 4,796 3,962 4,119 4,040 3,970 4,105 3,938

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39.2 38.4 38.9 32.1 33.4 32.7 32.2 33.3 31.9

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 837 768 615 659 555 595 508 545 495

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14.7 14.0 11.4 14.3 11.9 12.8 11.4 11.7 11.2

BLACK OR AFRICAN AMERICAN

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31,904 32,226 32,260 31,904 32,128 32,161 32,193 32,226 32,260

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19,753 20,132 20,309 19,548 20,002 20,110 20,075 20,002 20,096

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61.9 62.5 63.0 61.3 62.3 62.5 62.4 62.1 62.3

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18,004 18,686 18,719 17,915 18,409 18,514 18,560 18,576 18,617

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56.4 58.0 58.0 56.2 57.3 57.6 57.7 57.6 57.7

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,750 1,446 1,590 1,633 1,593 1,597 1,515 1,426 1,479

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.9 7.2 7.8 8.4 8.0 7.9 7.5 7.1 7.4

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12,151 12,094 11,951 12,356 12,126 12,051 12,118 12,224 12,163

Men, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9,067 9,179 9,250 8,993 9,132 9,169 9,063 9,084 9,163

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68.3 68.2 68.7 67.7 68.1 68.3 67.5 67.5 68.0

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8,326 8,628 8,598 8,257 8,384 8,496 8,475 8,510 8,522

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62.7 64.1 63.8 62.2 62.6 63.3 63.1 63.3 63.3

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 741 551 652 737 747 673 588 574 641

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.2 6.0 7.0 8.2 8.2 7.3 6.5 6.3 7.0

Women, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9,822 10,080 10,118 9,856 10,173 10,168 10,224 10,143 10,170

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61.0 62.0 62.2 61.2 62.7 62.7 62.9 62.4 62.5

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9,058 9,408 9,420 9,141 9,497 9,470 9,513 9,455 9,511

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56.2 57.9 57.9 56.7 58.6 58.4 58.6 58.1 58.4

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 764 672 698 715 676 698 712 689 660

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.8 6.7 6.9 7.3 6.6 6.9 7.0 6.8 6.5

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 864 873 941 698 697 773 787 774 763

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34.4 34.8 37.5 27.8 27.7 30.8 31.3 30.8 30.4

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 620 650 701 518 528 547 572 611 585

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24.7 25.9 27.9 20.6 21.0 21.8 22.8 24.3 23.3

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 244 223 239 180 169 226 215 163 178

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28.3 25.6 25.4 25.8 24.3 29.3 27.3 21.1 23.3

See footnotes at end of table.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-2. Employment status of the civilian population by race, sex, and age — Continued

[Numbers in thousands]

Employment status, race, sex, and age

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted1

July

2016

June

2017

July

2017

July

2016

Mar.

2017

Apr.

2017

May

2017

June

2017

July

2017

ASIAN

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15,211 15,367 15,290 15,211 15,285 15,389 15,433 15,367 15,290

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9,736 9,848 9,866 9,657 9,635 9,761 9,826 9,792 9,789

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64.0 64.1 64.5 63.5 63.0 63.4 63.7 63.7 64.0

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9,341 9,472 9,467 9,288 9,318 9,446 9,471 9,443 9,418

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61.4 61.6 61.9 61.1 61.0 61.4 61.4 61.4 61.6

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 395 377 398 368 317 316 356 350 370

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.1 3.8 4.0 3.8 3.3 3.2 3.6 3.6 3.8

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,475 5,519 5,424 5,554 5,650 5,628 5,607 5,575 5,502

1 The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns.

NOTE: Estimates for the above race groups will not sum to totals shown in table A-1 because data are not presented for all races. Updated population controls are

introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-3. Employment status of the Hispanic or Latino population by sex and age

[Numbers in thousands]

Employment status, sex, and age

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted1

July

2016

June

2017

July

2017

July

2016

Mar.

2017

Apr.

2017

May

2017

June

2017

July

2017

HISPANIC OR LATINO ETHNICITY

Civilian noninstitutional population................ 40,732 41,323 41,404 40,732 41,081 41,162 41,241 41,323 41,404

Civilian labor force................................ 26,981 27,419 27,677 26,802 27,387 27,241 27,239 27,290 27,487

Participation rate............................... 66.2 66.4 66.8 65.8 66.7 66.2 66.0 66.0 66.4

Employed....................................... 25,463 26,076 26,204 25,346 25,986 25,832 25,833 25,974 26,078

Employment-population ratio............... 62.5 63.1 63.3 62.2 63.3 62.8 62.6 62.9 63.0

Unemployed.................................... 1,518 1,343 1,473 1,456 1,402 1,410 1,405 1,315 1,409

Unemployment rate......................... 5.6 4.9 5.3 5.4 5.1 5.2 5.2 4.8 5.1

Not in labor force................................. 13,752 13,904 13,727 13,930 13,694 13,921 14,003 14,034 13,917

Men, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force................................ 14,900 14,990 15,146 14,849 14,957 14,927 14,936 14,976 15,085

Participation rate............................... 81.2 80.6 81.2 80.9 80.9 80.5 80.4 80.5 80.9

Employed....................................... 14,242 14,473 14,537 14,135 14,291 14,297 14,304 14,414 14,425

Employment-population ratio............... 77.6 77.8 78.0 77.0 77.3 77.1 77.0 77.5 77.4

Unemployed.................................... 658 518 609 714 666 630 632 562 660

Unemployment rate......................... 4.4 3.5 4.0 4.8 4.5 4.2 4.2 3.8 4.4

Women, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force................................ 10,747 11,011 11,121 10,806 11,127 11,086 11,062 11,030 11,176

Participation rate............................... 57.8 58.3 58.8 58.1 59.3 59.0 58.7 58.4 59.1

Employed....................................... 10,136 10,431 10,486 10,234 10,600 10,493 10,461 10,451 10,580

Employment-population ratio............... 54.5 55.3 55.4 55.1 56.5 55.8 55.5 55.4 55.9

Unemployed.................................... 611 580 635 572 527 593 601 579 596

Unemployment rate......................... 5.7 5.3 5.7 5.3 4.7 5.4 5.4 5.3 5.3

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

Civilian labor force................................ 1,334 1,418 1,410 1,147 1,304 1,228 1,240 1,284 1,227

Participation rate............................... 35.3 36.9 36.7 30.3 34.1 32.1 32.3 33.4 31.9

Employed....................................... 1,085 1,172 1,182 977 1,095 1,042 1,068 1,110 1,073

Employment-population ratio............... 28.7 30.5 30.7 25.8 28.6 27.2 27.8 28.9 27.9

Unemployed.................................... 249 245 229 170 209 186 172 174 154

Unemployment rate......................... 18.7 17.3 16.2 14.8 16.0 15.2 13.9 13.6 12.5

1 The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted

columns.

NOTE: Persons whose ethnicity is identified as Hispanic or Latino may be of any race. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the

release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-4. Employment status of the civilian population 25 years and over by educational attainment

[Numbers in thousands]

Educational attainment

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

July

2016

June

2017

July

2017

July

2016

Mar.

2017

Apr.

2017

May

2017

June

2017

July

2017

Less than a high school diploma

Civilian labor force.................................. 10,409 10,446 10,403 10,630 10,139 10,041 10,299 10,304 10,570

Participation rate.................................. 46.0 45.9 46.5 46.9 45.1 44.7 45.1 45.3 47.3

Employed.......................................... 9,756 9,843 9,695 9,957 9,450 9,385 9,671 9,649 9,842

Employment-population ratio................. 43.1 43.3 43.4 44.0 42.1 41.8 42.3 42.4 44.0

Unemployed....................................... 653 603 708 673 689 656 628 655 728

Unemployment rate............................ 6.3 5.8 6.8 6.3 6.8 6.5 6.1 6.4 6.9

High school graduates, no college1

Civilian labor force.................................. 35,495 35,647 35,451 35,614 36,092 36,032 35,909 35,850 35,648

Participation rate.................................. 57.0 57.5 57.4 57.2 57.8 57.7 57.6 57.8 57.7

Employed.......................................... 33,698 34,110 33,852 33,818 34,315 34,374 34,211 34,196 34,038

Employment-population ratio................. 54.1 55.0 54.8 54.3 54.9 55.1 54.9 55.2 55.1

Unemployed....................................... 1,798 1,536 1,599 1,797 1,778 1,658 1,697 1,653 1,610

Unemployment rate............................ 5.1 4.3 4.5 5.0 4.9 4.6 4.7 4.6 4.5

Some college or associate degree

Civilian labor force.................................. 37,977 37,513 37,485 37,854 37,851 37,850 37,433 37,579 37,475

Participation rate.................................. 66.5 65.5 65.4 66.3 66.1 65.8 65.9 65.6 65.4

Employed.......................................... 36,319 36,127 36,033 36,254 36,454 36,465 35,941 36,150 36,077

Employment-population ratio................. 63.6 63.1 62.9 63.5 63.7 63.4 63.3 63.1 63.0

Unemployed....................................... 1,658 1,386 1,451 1,600 1,397 1,385 1,492 1,429 1,397

Unemployment rate............................ 4.4 3.7 3.9 4.2 3.7 3.7 4.0 3.8 3.7

Bachelor’s degree and higher2

Civilian labor force.................................. 53,720 55,012 55,465 54,058 54,653 54,764 55,039 55,283 55,696

Participation rate.................................. 73.4 73.6 73.4 73.9 73.9 74.0 73.8 73.9 73.7

Employed.......................................... 52,209 53,676 54,000 52,699 53,308 53,426 53,760 53,982 54,378

Employment-population ratio................. 71.4 71.8 71.5 72.0 72.0 72.2 72.1 72.2 72.0

Unemployed....................................... 1,511 1,336 1,465 1,359 1,345 1,338 1,278 1,302 1,318

Unemployment rate............................ 2.8 2.4 2.6 2.5 2.5 2.4 2.3 2.4 2.4

1

Includes persons with a high school diploma or equivalent.

2

Includes persons with bachelor’s, master’s, professional, and doctoral degrees.

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-5. Employment status of the civilian population 18 years and over by veteran status, period of service,

and sex, not seasonally adjusted

[Numbers in thousands]

Employment status, veteran status, and period of service

Total Men Women

July

2016

July

2017

July

2016

July

2017

July

2016

July

2017

VETERANS, 18 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20,883 20,553 18,868 18,522 2,015 2,031

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10,621 10,057 9,407 8,861 1,213 1,195

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50.9 48.9 49.9 47.8 60.2 58.8

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10,121 9,700 8,992 8,540 1,129 1,160

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48.5 47.2 47.7 46.1 56.0 57.1

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 499 356 415 321 84 35

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.7 3.5 4.4 3.6 6.9 2.9

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10,262 10,496 9,461 9,661 802 836

Gulf War-era II veterans

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,892 4,131 3,173 3,369 719 762

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,207 3,314 2,690 2,776 517 537

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82.4 80.2 84.8 82.4 72.0 70.5

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,019 3,160 2,535 2,642 484 518

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77.6 76.5 79.9 78.4 67.4 68.0

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 188 153 155 134 33 19

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.9 4.6 5.8 4.8 6.4 3.6

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 685 817 483 593 202 225

Gulf War-era I veterans

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,366 3,341 2,886 2,870 480 471

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,668 2,596 2,336 2,255 332 341

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79.3 77.7 81.0 78.6 69.2 72.4

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,543 2,507 2,241 2,171 303 336

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75.6 75.0 77.7 75.6 63.0 71.3

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125 89 96 84 29 5

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.7 3.4 4.1 3.7 8.9 1.5

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 697 745 549 615 148 130

World War II, Korean War, and Vietnam-era veterans

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8,474 8,049 8,170 7,758 304 291

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,121 1,813 2,030 1,755 91 58

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25.0 22.5 24.9 22.6 29.8 19.9

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,037 1,749 1,951 1,691 86 58

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24.0 21.7 23.9 21.8 28.2 19.9

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84 64 79 64 5 0

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.0 3.5 3.9 3.6 5.4 –

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,353 6,236 6,140 6,003 213 233

Veterans of other service periods

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,151 5,032 4,639 4,525 512 507

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,624 2,333 2,351 2,074 274 259

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50.9 46.4 50.7 45.8 53.4 51.1

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,522 2,284 2,266 2,036 256 248

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49.0 45.4 48.8 45.0 50.1 48.9

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102 49 85 39 17 11

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.9 2.1 3.6 1.9 6.2 4.2

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,527 2,699 2,288 2,451 238 248

NONVETERANS, 18 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 223,769 225,662 99,175 100,240 124,594 125,422

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 147,286 149,056 75,343 76,042 71,944 73,014

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65.8 66.1 76.0 75.9 57.7 58.2

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 140,007 142,454 71,665 72,876 68,342 69,578

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62.6 63.1 72.3 72.7 54.9 55.5

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7,280 6,602 3,678 3,166 3,602 3,436

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.9 4.4 4.9 4.2 5.0 4.7

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76,483 76,606 23,832 24,198 52,651 52,408

NOTE: Veterans served on active duty in the U.S. Armed Forces and were not on active duty at the time of the survey. Nonveterans never served on active duty in the

U.S. Armed Forces. Veterans could have served anywhere in the world during these periods of service: Gulf War era II (September 2001-present), Gulf War era I (August

1990-August 2001), Vietnam era (August 1964-April 1975), Korean War (July 1950-January 1955), World War II (December 1941-December 1946), and other service

periods (all other time periods). Veterans who served in more than one wartime period are classified only in the most recent one. Veterans who served during one of the

selected wartime periods and another period are classified only in the wartime period. Dash indicates no data or data that do not meet publication criteria (values not

shown where base is less than 75,000).
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-6. Employment status of the civilian population by sex, age, and disability status, not seasonally

adjusted

[Numbers in thousands]

Employment status, sex, and age

Persons with a disability Persons with no disability

July

2016

July

2017

July

2016

July

2017

TOTAL, 16 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population...................................................... 30,214 30,414 223,406 224,737

Civilian labor force..................................................................... 6,150 6,333 154,555 155,578

Participation rate..................................................................... 20.4 20.8 69.2 69.2

Employed............................................................................. 5,467 5,723 146,970 148,747

Employment-population ratio.................................................... 18.1 18.8 65.8 66.2

Unemployed.......................................................................... 682 610 7,585 6,831

Unemployment rate............................................................... 11.1 9.6 4.9 4.4

Not in labor force....................................................................... 24,064 24,081 68,851 69,159

Men, 16 to 64 years

Civilian labor force..................................................................... 2,836 2,872 78,023 78,120

Participation rate..................................................................... 35.7 35.8 83.8 83.9

Employed............................................................................. 2,534 2,572 74,231 74,842

Employment-population ratio.................................................... 31.9 32.1 79.7 80.4

Unemployed.......................................................................... 302 300 3,792 3,277

Unemployment rate............................................................... 10.7 10.4 4.9 4.2

Not in labor force....................................................................... 5,103 5,149 15,115 15,016

Women, 16 to 64 years

Civilian labor force..................................................................... 2,216 2,390 68,250 69,074

Participation rate..................................................................... 28.1 30.4 70.7 71.5

Employed............................................................................. 1,910 2,147 64,822 65,764

Employment-population ratio.................................................... 24.3 27.3 67.1 68.1

Unemployed.......................................................................... 306 243 3,428 3,310

Unemployment rate............................................................... 13.8 10.2 5.0 4.8

Not in labor force....................................................................... 5,656 5,474 28,335 27,500

Both sexes, 65 years and over

Civilian labor force..................................................................... 1,098 1,071 8,282 8,384

Participation rate..................................................................... 7.6 7.4 24.6 23.9

Employed............................................................................. 1,023 1,004 7,917 8,140

Employment-population ratio.................................................... 7.1 6.9 23.5 23.2

Unemployed.......................................................................... 75 67 365 244

Unemployment rate............................................................... 6.8 6.3 4.4 2.9

Not in labor force....................................................................... 13,306 13,458 25,402 26,642

NOTE: A person with a disability has at least one of the following conditions: is deaf or has serious difficulty hearing; is blind or has serious difficulty

seeing even when wearing glasses; has serious difficulty concentrating, remembering, or making decisions because of a physical, mental, or

emotional condition; has serious difficulty walking or climbing stairs; has difficulty dressing or bathing; or has difficulty doing errands alone such as

visiting a doctor’s office or shopping because of a physical, mental, or emotional condition. Updated population controls are introduced annually with

the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-7. Employment status of the civilian population by nativity and sex, not seasonally adjusted

[Numbers in thousands]

Employment status and nativity

Total Men Women

July

2016

July

2017

July

2016

July

2017

July

2016

July

2017

Foreign born, 16 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population................................... 41,311 41,452 19,979 20,085 21,332 21,367

Civilian labor force.................................................. 27,132 27,536 15,779 15,801 11,353 11,735

Participation rate.................................................. 65.7 66.4 79.0 78.7 53.2 54.9

Employed.......................................................... 25,984 26,438 15,204 15,290 10,779 11,148

Employment-population ratio................................. 62.9 63.8 76.1 76.1 50.5 52.2

Unemployed....................................................... 1,149 1,098 575 511 574 587

Unemployment rate............................................ 4.2 4.0 3.6 3.2 5.1 5.0

Not in labor force.................................................... 14,178 13,916 4,200 4,283 9,979 9,632

Native born, 16 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population................................... 212,310 213,699 102,561 103,227 109,749 110,472

Civilian labor force.................................................. 133,572 134,375 70,351 70,411 63,221 63,964

Participation rate.................................................. 62.9 62.9 68.6 68.2 57.6 57.9

Employed.......................................................... 126,453 128,033 66,618 67,194 59,835 60,838

Employment-population ratio................................. 59.6 59.9 65.0 65.1 54.5 55.1

Unemployed....................................................... 7,119 6,342 3,733 3,216 3,386 3,126

Unemployment rate............................................ 5.3 4.7 5.3 4.6 5.4 4.9

Not in labor force.................................................... 78,737 79,324 32,209 32,816 46,528 46,508

NOTE: The foreign born are those residing in the United States who were not U.S. citizens at birth. That is, they were born outside the United States

or one of its outlying areas such as Puerto Rico or Guam, to parents neither of whom was a U.S. citizen. The native born are persons who were born

in the United States or one of its outlying areas such as Puerto Rico or Guam or who were born abroad of at least one parent who was a U.S. citizen.

Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-8. Employed persons by class of worker and part-time status

[In thousands]

Category

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

July

2016

June

2017

July

2017

July

2016

Mar.

2017

Apr.

2017

May

2017

June

2017

July

2017

CLASS OF WORKER

Agriculture and related industries................. 2,597 2,612 2,506 2,379 2,499 2,646 2,507 2,457 2,317

Wage and salary workers1

...................... 1,763 1,730 1,739 1,592 1,647 1,730 1,645 1,611 1,582

Self-employed workers, unincorporated. . . . . .. 809 858 737 765 853 879 833 818 708

Unpaid family workers........................... 25 23 30 – – – – – –

Nonagricultural industries.......................... 149,840 151,475 151,964 149,136 150,429 150,481 150,417 150,848 151,208

Wage and salary workers1

...................... 140,983 142,483 143,372 140,486 141,663 141,931 141,849 141,989 142,714

Government..................................... 19,605 20,477 20,161 20,508 20,858 20,683 20,772 20,868 21,052

Private industries............................... 121,378 122,006 123,211 119,947 120,904 121,281 121,096 121,053 121,627

Private households.......................... 756 630 686 – – – – – –

Other industries.............................. 120,621 121,376 122,525 119,222 120,148 120,592 120,441 120,457 120,964

Self-employed workers, unincorporated. . . . . .. 8,777 8,924 8,538 8,659 8,707 8,489 8,550 8,753 8,475

Unpaid family workers........................... 80 67 54 – – – – – –

PERSONS AT WORK PART TIME2

All industries

Part time for economic reasons3

.................. 6,157 5,602 5,475 5,936 5,553 5,272 5,219 5,326 5,282

Slack work or business conditions............. 3,742 3,405 3,233 3,629 3,402 3,174 3,082 3,286 3,161

Could only find part-time work.................. 1,990 1,787 1,763 1,979 1,852 1,802 1,789 1,727 1,754

Part time for noneconomic reasons4

.............. 19,088 19,831 19,707 20,729 20,723 20,700 21,020 20,791 21,260

Nonagricultural industries

Part time for economic reasons3

.................. 6,071 5,555 5,430 5,842 5,502 5,197 5,154 5,282 5,231

Slack work or business conditions............. 3,676 3,370 3,214 3,563 3,386 3,130 3,045 3,249 3,137

Could only find part-time work.................. 1,979 1,783 1,748 1,958 1,842 1,781 1,776 1,720 1,739

Part time for noneconomic reasons4

.............. 18,697 19,450 19,385 20,355 20,396 20,349 20,677 20,443 20,909

1

Includes self-employed workers whose businesses are incorporated.

2 Refers to those who worked 1 to 34 hours during the survey reference week and excludes employed persons who were absent from their jobs for

the entire week.

3 Refers to those who worked 1 to 34 hours during the reference week for an economic reason such as slack work or unfavorable business

conditions, inability to find full-time work, or seasonal declines in demand.

4 Refers to persons who usually work part time for noneconomic reasons such as childcare problems, family or personal obligations, school or

training, retirement or Social Security limits on earnings, and other reasons. This excludes persons who usually work full time but worked only 1 to

34 hours during the reference week for reasons such as vacations, holidays, illness, and bad weather.

- Data not available.

NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment

of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-9. Selected employment indicators

[Numbers in thousands]

Characteristic

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

July

2016

June

2017

July

2017

July

2016

Mar.

2017

Apr.

2017

May

2017

June

2017

July

2017

AGE AND SEX

Total, 16 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 152,437 154,086 154,470 151,546 153,000 153,156 152,923 153,168 153,513

16 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,040 5,964 6,154 4,969 5,173 5,105 5,017 5,220 5,084

16 to 17 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,309 2,238 2,316 1,799 1,904 1,884 1,888 1,931 1,816

18 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,731 3,727 3,837 3,167 3,269 3,244 3,145 3,285 3,265

20 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 146,397 148,122 148,317 146,576 147,826 148,051 147,906 147,949 148,429

20 to 24 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14,416 14,366 14,737 13,878 14,198 14,247 14,177 13,992 14,199

25 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131,981 133,756 133,580 132,778 133,639 133,741 133,647 134,010 134,349

25 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97,628 98,572 98,476 98,075 98,557 98,649 98,481 98,666 98,906

25 to 34 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33,694 34,397 34,376 33,823 34,460 34,413 34,160 34,404 34,500

35 to 44 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31,453 31,896 31,728 31,628 31,592 31,745 31,794 31,913 31,889

45 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32,481 32,278 32,371 32,624 32,506 32,491 32,527 32,349 32,517

55 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34,353 35,184 35,104 34,702 35,081 35,092 35,166 35,344 35,442

Men, 16 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81,823 82,230 82,484 80,544 81,136 81,419 81,290 81,290 81,273

16 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,128 2,963 3,028 2,501 2,581 2,581 2,489 2,583 2,443

16 to 17 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,165 1,061 1,068 861 947 957 884 893 798

18 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,962 1,902 1,960 1,637 1,636 1,631 1,614 1,677 1,643

20 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78,695 79,267 79,457 78,042 78,556 78,838 78,801 78,707 78,830

20 to 24 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7,511 7,484 7,745 7,126 7,241 7,293 7,335 7,240 7,351

25 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71,184 71,783 71,711 71,000 71,315 71,532 71,422 71,488 71,551

25 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52,623 52,898 52,875 52,405 52,640 52,770 52,678 52,657 52,692

25 to 34 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18,285 18,556 18,557 18,200 18,445 18,426 18,362 18,425 18,473

35 to 44 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17,101 17,300 17,184 17,038 17,086 17,217 17,169 17,226 17,129

45 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17,237 17,042 17,135 17,167 17,108 17,127 17,147 17,006 17,091

55 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18,561 18,885 18,836 18,595 18,675 18,762 18,743 18,831 18,858

Women, 16 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70,615 71,856 71,986 71,002 71,863 71,737 71,633 71,878 72,240

16 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,912 3,002 3,126 2,468 2,593 2,524 2,528 2,637 2,641

16 to 17 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,143 1,177 1,248 938 956 927 1,004 1,038 1,018

18 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,769 1,825 1,878 1,530 1,633 1,614 1,531 1,608 1,621

20 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67,702 68,855 68,860 68,534 69,271 69,213 69,105 69,241 69,599

20 to 24 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,905 6,882 6,991 6,752 6,958 6,954 6,842 6,752 6,849

25 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60,797 61,973 61,869 61,777 62,324 62,209 62,226 62,522 62,798

25 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45,005 45,673 45,600 45,670 45,918 45,879 45,803 46,010 46,214

25 to 34 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15,409 15,842 15,819 15,623 16,014 15,987 15,798 15,980 16,027

35 to 44 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14,352 14,596 14,544 14,590 14,505 14,528 14,624 14,687 14,760

45 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15,244 15,236 15,236 15,457 15,398 15,364 15,380 15,343 15,427

55 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15,792 16,300 16,269 16,107 16,406 16,330 16,423 16,513 16,584

MARITAL STATUS

Married men, spouse present1

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45,447 45,980 45,484 45,499 45,907 46,029 45,784 45,913 45,574

Married women, spouse present1

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34,540 35,415 35,152 35,329 35,992 35,918 36,121 35,803 35,946

Women who maintain families2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9,809 9,447 9,654 – – – – – –

FULL- OR PART-TIME STATUS

Full-time workers3

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125,507 127,337 127,542 123,888 125,507 125,987 125,620 125,975 125,921

Part-time workers4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26,930 26,749 26,929 27,583 27,603 27,233 27,366 27,142 27,535

MULTIPLE JOBHOLDERS

Total multiple jobholders. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7,190 7,425 7,303 7,442 7,960 7,683 7,589 7,639 7,589

Percent of total employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.7 4.8 4.7 4.9 5.2 5.0 5.0 5.0 4.9

SELF-EMPLOYMENT

Self-employed workers, incorporated. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,468 5,611 5,752 – – – – – –

Self-employed workers, unincorporated. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9,586 9,783 9,275 9,424 9,560 9,368 9,383 9,571 9,183

1 Refers to persons in opposite-sex married couples only.

2 Refers to female householders residing with one or more family members, but not an opposite-sex spouse.

3 Employed full-time workers are persons who usually work 35 hours or more per week.

4 Employed part-time workers are persons who usually work less than 35 hours per week.

- Data not available.

NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series.

Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-10. Selected unemployment indicators, seasonally adjusted

Characteristic

Number of

unemployed persons

(in thousands)

Unemployment rates

July

2016

June

2017

July

2017

July

2016

Mar.

2017

Apr.

2017

May

2017

June

2017

July

2017

AGE AND SEX

Total, 16 years and over........................... 7,749 6,977 6,981 4.9 4.5 4.4 4.3 4.4 4.3

16 to 19 years..................................... 920 801 775 15.6 13.7 14.7 14.3 13.3 13.2

16 to 17 years.................................. 326 312 332 15.3 17.4 16.8 13.1 13.9 15.5

18 to 19 years.................................. 590 498 428 15.7 11.2 12.5 14.6 13.2 11.6

20 years and over................................ 6,829 6,175 6,205 4.5 4.1 4.0 3.9 4.0 4.0

20 to 24 years.................................. 1,347 1,130 1,133 8.9 7.3 7.3 6.7 7.5 7.4

25 years and over.............................. 5,472 5,078 5,078 4.0 3.8 3.6 3.6 3.7 3.6

25 to 54 years............................... 4,140 3,902 3,914 4.1 3.9 3.8 3.8 3.8 3.8

25 to 34 years............................. 1,789 1,575 1,652 5.0 4.5 4.4 4.9 4.4 4.6

35 to 44 years............................. 1,151 1,113 1,184 3.5 3.9 3.6 3.3 3.4 3.6

45 to 54 years............................. 1,200 1,214 1,078 3.5 3.2 3.4 3.2 3.6 3.2

55 years and over........................... 1,324 1,160 1,162 3.7 3.4 3.2 3.1 3.2 3.2

Men, 16 years and over............................ 4,274 3,702 3,715 5.0 4.6 4.4 4.2 4.4 4.4

16 to 19 years..................................... 499 434 437 16.6 14.8 16.3 15.7 14.4 15.2

16 to 17 years.................................. 154 151 174 15.1 17.7 15.9 13.7 14.4 17.9

18 to 19 years.................................. 342 292 254 17.3 12.8 15.3 16.4 14.8 13.4

20 years and over................................ 3,775 3,268 3,278 4.6 4.3 4.0 3.8 4.0 4.0

20 to 24 years.................................. 791 666 642 10.0 8.5 8.4 7.9 8.4 8.0

25 years and over.............................. 2,980 2,607 2,634 4.0 3.8 3.5 3.4 3.5 3.6

25 to 54 years............................... 2,239 2,024 2,068 4.1 3.9 3.6 3.6 3.7 3.8

25 to 34 years............................. 961 868 871 5.0 4.8 4.4 4.6 4.5 4.5

35 to 44 years............................. 618 560 624 3.5 3.8 3.4 3.0 3.2 3.5

45 to 54 years............................. 660 596 573 3.7 3.1 2.8 3.0 3.4 3.2

55 years and over........................... 741 583 566 3.8 3.4 3.2 2.9 3.0 2.9

Women, 16 years and over........................ 3,475 3,274 3,265 4.7 4.3 4.4 4.3 4.4 4.3

16 to 19 years..................................... 421 367 338 14.6 12.6 13.1 12.8 12.2 11.3

16 to 17 years.................................. 172 162 158 15.5 17.0 17.6 12.6 13.5 13.5

18 to 19 years.................................. 248 206 174 13.9 9.6 9.5 12.6 11.3 9.7

20 years and over................................ 3,054 2,907 2,927 4.3 4.0 4.1 4.0 4.0 4.0

20 to 24 years.................................. 557 464 491 7.6 6.0 6.1 5.3 6.4 6.7

25 years and over.............................. 2,492 2,471 2,444 3.9 3.8 3.8 3.9 3.8 3.7

25 to 54 years............................... 1,901 1,878 1,846 4.0 3.9 4.1 4.1 3.9 3.8

25 to 34 years............................. 829 707 781 5.0 4.2 4.4 5.1 4.2 4.6

35 to 44 years............................. 533 553 560 3.5 4.1 3.9 3.7 3.6 3.7

45 to 54 years............................. 540 618 505 3.4 3.4 4.0 3.5 3.9 3.2

55 years and over........................... 564 581 578 3.4 3.3 3.2 3.4 3.4 3.4

MARITAL STATUS

Married men, spouse present1

.................... 1,232 1,052 1,110 2.6 2.6 2.4 2.3 2.2 2.4

Married women, spouse present1................. 1,101 1,030 1,060 3.0 2.8 2.8 2.5 2.8 2.9

Women who maintain families2.................... 765 703 703 7.2 5.5 6.0 6.8 6.9 6.8

FULL- OR PART-TIME STATUS

Full-time workers3................................... 6,333 5,775 5,717 4.9 4.4 4.3 4.2 4.4 4.3

Part-time workers4.................................. 1,439 1,194 1,291 5.0 4.9 5.0 4.8 4.2 4.5

1 Refers to persons in opposite-sex couples only.

2 Data are not seasonally adjusted. Refers to female householders residing with one or more family members, but not an opposite-sex spouse.

3 Full-time workers are unemployed persons who have expressed a desire to work full time (35 hours or more per week) or are on layoff from full-time

jobs.

4 Part-time workers are unemployed persons who have expressed a desire to work part time (less than 35 hours per week) or are on layoff from

part-time jobs.

NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment

of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-11. Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment

[Numbers in thousands]

Reason

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

July

2016

June

2017

July

2017

July

2016

Mar.

2017

Apr.

2017

May

2017

June

2017

July

2017

NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED

Job losers and persons who completed

temporary jobs.................................... 3,869 3,359 3,519 3,711 3,519 3,538 3,327 3,444 3,378

On temporary layoff.............................. 1,165 926 1,226 1,000 953 934 814 900 1,044

Not on temporary layoff.......................... 2,704 2,433 2,293 2,712 2,567 2,604 2,513 2,545 2,334

Permanent job losers.......................... 2,014 1,700 1,666 2,002 1,819 1,806 1,741 1,758 1,676

Persons who completed temporary jobs. . .. 690 733 627 710 748 799 772 787 658

Job leavers........................................... 865 779 775 837 798 789 804 820 757

Reentrants............................................ 2,429 2,131 2,206 2,299 2,066 2,032 2,100 2,043 2,083

New entrants......................................... 1,104 981 941 822 790 712 656 682 703

PERCENT DISTRIBUTION

Job losers and persons who completed

temporary jobs.................................... 46.8 46.3 47.3 48.4 49.1 50.0 48.3 49.3 48.8

On temporary layoff.............................. 14.1 12.8 16.5 13.0 13.3 13.2 11.8 12.9 15.1

Not on temporary layoff.......................... 32.7 33.6 30.8 35.4 35.8 36.8 36.5 36.4 33.7

Job leavers........................................... 10.5 10.7 10.4 10.9 11.1 11.2 11.7 11.7 10.9

Reentrants............................................ 29.4 29.4 29.7 30.0 28.8 28.7 30.5 29.2 30.1

New entrants......................................... 13.4 13.5 12.6 10.7 11.0 10.1 9.5 9.8 10.2

UNEMPLOYED AS A PERCENT OF THE

CIVILIAN LABOR FORCE

Job losers and persons who completed

temporary jobs.................................... 2.4 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.2 2.2 2.1 2.2 2.1

Job leavers........................................... 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5

Reentrants............................................ 1.5 1.3 1.4 1.4 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3

New entrants......................................... 0.7 0.6 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-12. Unemployed persons by duration of unemployment

[Numbers in thousands]

Duration

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

July

2016

June

2017

July

2017

July

2016

Mar.

2017

Apr.

2017

May

2017

June

2017

July

2017

NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED

Less than 5 weeks.................................. 2,476 3,057 2,364 2,147 2,334 2,335 2,154 2,305 2,133

5 to 14 weeks........................................ 2,731 1,739 2,432 2,274 2,109 2,135 1,960 1,933 2,017

15 weeks and over.................................. 3,060 2,454 2,645 3,175 2,802 2,734 2,820 2,612 2,742

15 to 26 weeks.................................... 1,033 867 843 1,158 1,115 1,108 1,157 948 957

27 weeks and over............................... 2,027 1,587 1,802 2,017 1,687 1,626 1,663 1,664 1,785

Average (mean) duration, in weeks............... 26.3 22.9 23.6 28.0 25.3 24.1 24.7 24.7 24.9

Median duration, in weeks......................... 9.6 7.6 9.1 11.5 10.3 10.2 10.4 9.6 10.6

PERCENT DISTRIBUTION

Less than 5 weeks.................................. 30.0 42.2 31.8 28.3 32.2 32.4 31.1 33.6 30.9

5 to 14 weeks........................................ 33.0 24.0 32.7 29.9 29.1 29.6 28.3 28.2 29.3

15 weeks and over.................................. 37.0 33.8 35.5 41.8 38.7 38.0 40.7 38.1 39.8

15 to 26 weeks.................................... 12.5 12.0 11.3 15.2 15.4 15.4 16.7 13.8 13.9

27 weeks and over............................... 24.5 21.9 24.2 26.6 23.3 22.6 24.0 24.3 25.9

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-13. Employed and unemployed persons by occupation, not seasonally adjusted

[Numbers in thousands]

Occupation

Employed Unemployed Unemployment

rates

July

2016

July

2017

July

2016

July

2017

July

2016

July

2017

Total, 16 years and over1

............................................. 152,437 154,470 8,267 7,441 5.1 4.6

Management, professional, and related occupations........... 58,434 59,923 1,782 1,656 3.0 2.7

Management, business, and financial operations

occupations..................................................... 24,755 25,226 609 489 2.4 1.9

Professional and related occupations.......................... 33,678 34,698 1,174 1,166 3.4 3.3

Service occupations................................................ 28,293 27,942 1,626 1,489 5.4 5.1

Sales and office occupations...................................... 33,766 34,014 1,691 1,446 4.8 4.1

Sales and related occupations.................................. 16,031 15,882 828 692 4.9 4.2

Office and administrative support occupations............... 17,734 18,132 863 754 4.6 4.0

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance

occupations........................................................ 14,467 14,383 769 789 5.0 5.2

Farming, fishing, and forestry occupations.................... 1,221 1,259 99 103 7.5 7.6

Construction and extraction occupations...................... 8,354 8,110 463 545 5.3 6.3

Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations........... 4,892 5,013 207 141 4.1 2.7

Production, transportation, and material moving

occupations........................................................ 17,477 18,208 1,265 1,100 6.8 5.7

Production occupations.......................................... 8,235 8,607 517 462 5.9 5.1

Transportation and material moving occupations............ 9,242 9,601 749 638 7.5 6.2

1 Persons with no previous work experience and persons whose last job was in the U.S. Armed Forces are included in the unemployed total.

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-14. Unemployed persons by industry and class of worker, not seasonally adjusted

Industry and class of worker

Number of

unemployed

persons

(in thousands)

Unemployment

rates

July

2016

July

2017

July

2016

July

2017

Total, 16 years and over1

................................................................ 8,267 7,441 5.1 4.6

Nonagricultural private wage and salary workers.................................. 5,789 5,230 4.6 4.1

Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction.................................... 77 32 9.3 4.5

Construction.......................................................................... 410 469 4.5 4.9

Manufacturing........................................................................ 669 639 4.3 4.0

Durable goods..................................................................... 461 399 4.6 4.0

Nondurable goods................................................................ 208 240 3.6 4.1

Wholesale and retail trade......................................................... 1,048 970 5.2 4.8

Transportation and utilities......................................................... 313 262 4.9 3.9

Information............................................................................ 149 111 5.7 4.3

Financial activities................................................................... 237 230 2.4 2.3

Professional and business services............................................... 803 687 4.7 4.0

Education and health services..................................................... 889 830 3.7 3.5

Leisure and hospitality.............................................................. 889 739 6.0 4.9

Other services........................................................................ 306 262 4.4 4.0

Agriculture and related private wage and salary workers......................... 100 89 5.5 5.0

Government workers................................................................... 905 872 4.4 4.1

Self-employed workers, unincorporated, and unpaid family workers............ 370 310 3.7 3.2

1 Persons with no previous work experience and persons whose last job was in the U.S. Armed Forces are included in the unemployed total.

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-15. Alternative measures of labor underutilization

[Percent]

Measure

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

July

2016

June

2017

July

2017

July

2016

Mar.

2017

Apr.

2017

May

2017

June

2017

July

2017

U-1 Persons unemployed 15 weeks or longer,

as a percent of the civilian labor force......... 1.9 1.5 1.6 2.0 1.7 1.7 1.8 1.6 1.7

U-2 Job losers and persons who completed

temporary jobs, as a percent of the civilian

labor force......................................... 2.4 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.2 2.2 2.1 2.2 2.1

U-3 Total unemployed, as a percent of the

civilian labor force (official unemployment

rate)................................................ 5.1 4.5 4.6 4.9 4.5 4.4 4.3 4.4 4.3

U-4 Total unemployed plus discouraged

workers, as a percent of the civilian labor

force plus discouraged workers................. 5.5 4.8 4.9 5.2 4.8 4.7 4.5 4.7 4.7

U-5 Total unemployed, plus discouraged

workers, plus all other persons marginally

attached to the labor force, as a percent of

the civilian labor force plus all persons

marginally attached to the labor force. . . . . . . .. 6.3 5.4 5.5 6.0 5.4 5.3 5.2 5.3 5.3

U-6 Total unemployed, plus all persons

marginally attached to the labor force, plus

total employed part time for economic

reasons, as a percent of the civilian labor

force plus all persons marginally attached to

the labor force..................................... 10.1 8.9 8.9 9.7 8.9 8.6 8.4 8.6 8.6

NOTE: Persons marginally attached to the labor force are those who currently are neither working nor looking for work but indicate that they want and

are available for a job and have looked for work sometime in the past 12 months. Discouraged workers, a subset of the marginally attached, have

given a job-market related reason for not currently looking for work. Persons employed part time for economic reasons are those who want and are

available for full-time work but have had to settle for a part-time schedule. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of

January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-16. Persons not in the labor force and multiple jobholders by sex, not seasonally adjusted

[Numbers in thousands]

Category

Total Men Women

July

2016

July

2017

July

2016

July

2017

July

2016

July

2017

NOT IN THE LABOR FORCE

Total not in the labor force........................................... 92,916 93,240 36,409 37,099 56,507 56,141

Persons who currently want a job................................ 6,244 5,713 2,905 2,600 3,339 3,113

Marginally attached to the labor force1

........................ 1,950 1,629 1,071 837 879 792

Discouraged workers2

......................................... 591 536 358 276 233 259

Other persons marginally attached to the labor force3. .. 1,359 1,093 713 560 646 533

MULTIPLE JOBHOLDERS

Total multiple jobholders4

............................................. 7,190 7,303 3,520 3,680 3,670 3,623

Percent of total employed.......................................... 4.7 4.7 4.3 4.5 5.2 5.0

Primary job full time, secondary job part time................... 3,842 3,938 2,103 2,171 1,739 1,767

Primary and secondary jobs both part time..................... 1,964 1,979 677 663 1,287 1,316

Primary and secondary jobs both full time....................... 306 352 166 227 139 124

Hours vary on primary or secondary job......................... 1,000 983 538 588 462 395

1 Data refer to persons who want a job, have searched for work during the prior 12 months, and were available to take a job during the reference

week, but had not looked for work in the past 4 weeks.

2

Includes those who did not actively look for work in the prior 4 weeks for reasons such as thinks no work available, could not find work, lacks

schooling or training, employer thinks too young or old, and other types of discrimination.

3

Includes those who did not actively look for work in the prior 4 weeks for such reasons as school or family responsibilities, ill health, and

transportation problems, as well as a number for whom reason for nonparticipation was not determined.

4

Includes a small number of persons who work part time on their primary job and full time on their secondary job(s), not shown separately.

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-1. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and selected industry detail

[In thousands]

Industry

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

July

2016

May

2017

June

2017p

July

2017p

July

2016

May

2017

June

2017p

July

2017p

Change

from:

June2017

-

July2017p

Total nonfarm. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 144,203 146,784 147,407 146,368 144,457 146,175 146,406 146,615 209

Total private. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123,203 124,133 125,145 125,256 122,200 123,858 124,052 124,257 205

Goods-producing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20,082 20,016 20,312 20,382 19,731 19,982 20,014 20,036 22

Mining and logging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 672 703 716 723 664 707 712 712 0

Logging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52.8 49.4 50.9 51.1 51.1 50.8 50.3 49.4 -0.9

Mining. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 619.3 653.1 665.0 671.6 612.6 656.0 661.7 662.9 1.2

Oil and gas extraction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 179.6 177.4 179.9 180.0 177.6 178.4 178.7 178.0 -0.7

Mining, except oil and gas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 181.5 186.8 188.9 189.4 177.9 184.8 185.2 185.8 0.6

Coal mining. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48.4 50.4 50.9 50.3 48.7 50.8 50.8 50.6 -0.2

Metal ore mining. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39.0 38.5 39.3 39.5 38.8 38.8 39.0 39.3 0.3

Nonmetallic mineral mining and

quarrying. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94.1 97.9 98.7 99.6 90.4 95.2 95.4 95.9 0.5

Support activities for mining. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 258.2 288.9 296.2 302.2 257.1 292.8 297.8 299.1 1.3

Construction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,971 6,938 7,103 7,157 6,708 6,878 6,893 6,899 6

Construction of buildings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,536.2 1,525.5 1,557.4 1,573.9 1,490.9 1,526.0 1,523.8 1,529.3 5.5

Residential building. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 755.3 762.0 777.7 789.4 731.2 763.2 762.1 767.2 5.1

Nonresidential building. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 780.9 763.5 779.7 784.5 759.7 762.8 761.7 762.1 0.4

Heavy and civil engineering construction. . . . . . 1,002.5 999.1 1,025.2 1,033.8 945.8 973.1 974.6 973.4 -1.2

Specialty trade contractors. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,432.4 4,413.5 4,520.3 4,548.8 4,271.2 4,379.2 4,394.6 4,395.8 1.2

Residential specialty trade contractors. . . . . . 1,930.7 1,947.2 1,995.6 2,005.9 1,850.1 1,924.4 1,930.3 1,932.4 2.1

Nonresidential specialty trade contractors. . . 2,501.7 2,466.3 2,524.7 2,542.9 2,421.1 2,454.8 2,464.3 2,463.4 -0.9

Manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12,439 12,375 12,493 12,502 12,359 12,397 12,409 12,425 16

Durable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7,751 7,731 7,802 7,793 7,723 7,737 7,753 7,766 13

Wood products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 396.4 394.7 397.9 397.9 392.2 394.6 394.0 394.3 0.3

Nonmetallic mineral products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 415.9 418.4 422.5 422.9 406.5 413.6 413.6 413.8 0.2

Primary metals. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 376.6 382.0 384.5 384.8 377.3 382.6 384.4 385.0 0.6

Fabricated metal products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,426.9 1,434.8 1,446.8 1,449.3 1,422.0 1,435.0 1,439.5 1,444.5 5.0

Machinery. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,081.5 1,085.9 1,098.4 1,099.3 1,076.8 1,088.6 1,091.6 1,093.7 2.1

Computer and electronic products. . . . . . . . . . . 1,053.2 1,034.8 1,044.4 1,046.4 1,046.9 1,036.3 1,038.7 1,040.0 1.3

Computer and peripheral equipment. . . . . . 166.7 161.8 163.0 162.8 164.4 161.5 161.6 160.6 -1.0

Communications equipment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86.3 84.4 85.6 85.6 86.0 84.6 85.0 85.1 0.1

Semiconductors and electronic

components. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 368.0 359.2 362.6 363.5 366.5 360.0 360.7 361.8 1.1

Electronic instruments. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 397.1 396.2 399.0 400.7 394.9 396.9 397.2 398.7 1.5

Miscellaneous computer and electronic

products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35.1 33.2 34.2 33.8 35.2 33.3 34.1 33.8 -0.3

Electrical equipment and appliances. . . . . . . . 385.2 384.9 391.5 393.1 382.7 386.1 389.0 390.4 1.4

Transportation equipment1

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,630.5 1,613.4 1,625.2 1,611.9 1,638.4 1,616.6 1,617.1 1,620.9 3.8

Motor vehicles and parts2

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 941.1 941.5 947.9 933.5 951.6 943.1 942.9 944.5 1.6

Furniture and related products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 391.6 392.3 396.0 394.3 388.5 392.6 393.3 391.7 -1.6

Miscellaneous durable goods

manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 593.6 589.9 595.2 593.3 591.4 591.3 591.5 591.3 -0.2

Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,688 4,644 4,691 4,709 4,636 4,660 4,656 4,659 3

Food manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,592.3 1,572.6 1,602.5 1,615.8 1,561.7 1,590.0 1,587.5 1,586.5 -1.0

Textile mills. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113.8 110.4 109.9 109.0 113.6 109.8 109.3 109.0 -0.3

Textile product mills. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114.5 111.5 111.8 111.5 114.1 111.7 111.1 111.1 0.0

Apparel. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 129.0 121.7 121.2 119.4 130.6 122.5 121.7 121.1 -0.6

Paper and paper products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 372.7 369.5 369.4 368.7 370.5 369.1 366.6 366.7 0.1

Printing and related support activities. . . . . . . 447.1 437.1 439.7 439.9 446.3 437.4 438.2 439.1 0.9

Petroleum and coal products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114.2 112.4 114.5 115.7 111.3 111.6 112.2 112.6 0.4

Chemicals. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 816.2 817.2 823.1 824.9 811.5 818.0 818.9 819.9 1.0

Plastics and rubber products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 704.5 702.3 704.4 705.9 700.5 699.8 701.1 702.0 0.9

Miscellaneous nondurable goods

manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 283.2 288.8 294.7 298.4 275.9 290.4 289.7 290.9 1.2

Private service-providing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103,121 104,117 104,833 104,874 102,469 103,876 104,038 104,221 183

Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27,249 27,261 27,418 27,378 27,245 27,362 27,381 27,388 7

Wholesale trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,893.5 5,915.0 5,954.7 5,956.3 5,861.2 5,908.1 5,918.4 5,924.5 6.1

Durable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,943.6 2,948.6 2,968.7 2,971.9 2,927.3 2,947.2 2,951.5 2,955.2 3.7

Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,053.5 2,063.0 2,074.6 2,071.0 2,040.5 2,057.7 2,058.0 2,058.6 0.6

See footnotes at end of table.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-1. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and selected industry detail

— Continued

[In thousands]

Industry

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

July

2016

May

2017

June

2017p

July

2017p

July

2016

May

2017

June

2017p

July

2017p

Change

from:

June2017

-

July2017p

Wholesale trade - Continued

Electronic markets and agents and

brokers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 896.4 903.4 911.4 913.4 893.4 903.2 908.9 910.7 1.8

Retail trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15,862.7 15,749.9 15,842.8 15,850.9 15,843.4 15,833.7 15,835.5 15,836.4 0.9

Motor vehicle and parts dealers. . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,996.3 2,018.5 2,025.9 2,031.6 1,979.3 2,011.4 2,011.4 2,015.2 3.8

Automobile dealers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,287.2 1,304.3 1,305.8 1,308.4 1,281.7 1,303.5 1,302.2 1,303.5 1.3

Other motor vehicle dealers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 158.8 162.0 166.7 167.7 149.7 156.4 157.3 157.9 0.6

Auto parts, accessories, and tire stores. . . 550.3 552.2 553.4 555.5 547.9 551.5 552.0 553.8 1.8

Furniture and home furnishings stores. . . . . . 472.1 477.6 477.0 475.7 476.3 483.2 482.1 480.8 -1.3

Electronics and appliance stores. . . . . . . . . . . . 515.4 498.7 495.1 497.6 527.5 510.9 507.5 506.7 -0.8

Building material and garden supply

stores. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,309.9 1,353.6 1,348.1 1,326.0 1,273.9 1,282.8 1,284.8 1,289.8 5.0

Food and beverage stores. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,122.0 3,076.1 3,113.7 3,106.8 3,090.5 3,083.1 3,082.4 3,080.3 -2.1

Health and personal care stores. . . . . . . . . . . . 1,048.2 1,053.6 1,049.2 1,051.7 1,050.7 1,058.5 1,053.0 1,055.9 2.9

Gasoline stations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 938.2 941.8 950.9 949.7 926.2 938.8 939.2 938.0 -1.2

Clothing and clothing accessories stores. . . . 1,341.6 1,302.0 1,315.3 1,323.0 1,349.2 1,344.7 1,341.4 1,331.4 -10.0

Sporting goods, hobby, book, and music

stores. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 603.9 582.0 584.2 587.6 621.7 602.7 604.3 603.7 -0.6

General merchandise stores. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,138.4 3,056.4 3,083.8 3,099.9 3,172.0 3,121.6 3,130.8 3,135.4 4.6

Department stores. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,282.8 1,232.4 1,245.7 1,259.7 1,307.8 1,278.5 1,282.0 1,284.4 2.4

Other general merchandise stores. . . . . . . . 1,855.6 1,824.0 1,838.1 1,840.2 1,864.2 1,843.1 1,848.8 1,850.9 2.1

Miscellaneous store retailers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 845.3 836.3 840.3 841.5 836.7 832.5 832.8 832.0 -0.8

Nonstore retailers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 531.4 553.3 559.3 559.8 539.4 563.5 565.8 567.2 1.4

Transportation and warehousing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,931.1 5,043.4 5,063.7 5,012.4 4,984.2 5,067.4 5,073.5 5,074.4 0.9

Air transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 482.1 487.5 490.6 491.4 477.6 485.4 486.3 486.8 0.5

Rail transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 214.4 209.3 208.7 208.7 214.0 209.4 208.4 208.3 -0.1

Water transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69.3 65.9 67.2 67.5 66.3 65.4 64.7 64.5 -0.2

Truck transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,466.6 1,470.7 1,484.9 1,487.6 1,448.5 1,472.2 1,470.2 1,470.6 0.4

Transit and ground passenger

transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 420.9 493.8 470.7 417.6 479.9 474.7 477.2 475.6 -1.6

Pipeline transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49.5 47.2 47.3 47.0 49.2 47.1 47.2 46.9 -0.3

Scenic and sightseeing transportation. . . . . . . 46.6 40.0 46.0 47.4 35.2 36.4 36.5 36.0 -0.5

Support activities for transportation. . . . . . . . . . 660.6 662.9 666.6 668.4 659.1 665.1 665.3 667.0 1.7

Couriers and messengers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 606.3 626.3 638.0 630.8 638.4 662.1 666.0 669.2 3.2

Warehousing and storage. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 914.8 939.8 943.7 946.0 916.0 949.6 951.7 949.5 -2.2

Utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 561.5 552.5 556.6 557.9 556.0 552.9 553.7 552.8 -0.9

Information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,792 2,720 2,738 2,745 2,778 2,724 2,726 2,730 4

Publishing industries, except Internet. . . . . . . . . . 734.0 719.3 721.1 724.5 730.3 723.5 721.8 721.2 -0.6

Motion picture and sound recording

industries. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 428.8 409.5 410.5 411.4 421.8 404.7 402.0 404.1 2.1

Broadcasting, except Internet. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 266.8 259.9 260.1 258.2 267.3 260.8 260.0 259.0 -1.0

Telecommunications. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 799.5 759.3 766.3 767.0 799.0 761.3 765.4 765.3 -0.1

Data processing, hosting and related

services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 300.7 302.6 304.9 306.2 300.0 302.7 303.8 305.0 1.2

Other information services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 261.9 269.2 275.2 277.6 259.7 271.3 273.0 275.3 2.3

Financial activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8,380 8,414 8,503 8,528 8,300 8,429 8,442 8,448 6

Finance and insurance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,175.8 6,224.5 6,264.4 6,280.3 6,149.5 6,239.0 6,245.4 6,254.0 8.6

Monetary authorities - central bank. . . . . . . . . . 18.8 18.7 18.9 19.0 18.6 18.8 18.8 18.8 0.0

Credit intermediation and related

activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,626.5 2,649.9 2,667.0 2,672.0 2,614.1 2,654.1 2,657.6 2,660.2 2.6

Depository credit intermediation1

. . . . . . . . . . 1,708.3 1,717.3 1,724.4 1,728.3 1,699.7 1,717.2 1,718.7 1,720.0 1.3

Commercial banking. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,313.7 1,317.0 1,321.0 1,323.5 1,308.4 1,317.3 1,318.3 1,317.9 -0.4

Nondepository credit intermediation. . . . . . . 611.4 621.2 627.7 629.2 610.5 625.1 627.0 628.9 1.9

Activities related to credit intermediation.. . 306.8 311.4 314.9 314.5 303.9 311.7 312.0 311.3 -0.7

Securities, commodity contracts,

investments, and funds and trusts. . . . . . . . 937.1 936.3 949.4 955.8 930.4 941.8 945.6 948.1 2.5

Insurance carriers and related activities. . . . . 2,593.4 2,619.6 2,629.1 2,633.5 2,586.4 2,624.3 2,623.4 2,626.9 3.5

Real estate and rental and leasing. . . . . . . . . . . . 2,203.8 2,189.9 2,238.7 2,247.2 2,150.3 2,189.6 2,196.1 2,193.8 -2.3

Real estate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,588.2 1,596.2 1,623.2 1,628.7 1,559.9 1,599.0 1,604.1 1,601.1 -3.0

Rental and leasing services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 591.6 570.5 591.8 594.7 566.9 567.4 568.7 569.4 0.7

See footnotes at end of table.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-1. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and selected industry detail

— Continued

[In thousands]

Industry

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

July

2016

May

2017

June

2017p

July

2017p

July

2016

May

2017

June

2017p

July

2017p

Change

from:

June2017

-

July2017p

Real estate and rental and leasing -

Continued

Lessors of nonfinancial intangible assets. . . . 24.0 23.2 23.7 23.8 23.5 23.2 23.3 23.3 0.0

Professional and business services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20,271 20,675 20,841 20,857 20,165 20,664 20,696 20,745 49

Professional and technical services. . . . . . . . . . . . 8,897.5 9,062.5 9,127.5 9,165.9 8,896.5 9,121.9 9,143.2 9,161.1 17.9

Legal services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,131.5 1,125.7 1,140.4 1,136.9 1,121.4 1,128.1 1,130.7 1,126.4 -4.3

Accounting and bookkeeping services. . . . . . 925.0 952.4 943.8 942.7 989.1 1,001.9 1,003.0 1,005.4 2.4

Architectural and engineering services. . . . . . 1,432.4 1,452.6 1,475.9 1,483.4 1,410.7 1,452.9 1,457.8 1,461.4 3.6

Specialized design services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142.1 142.3 141.9 143.3 141.4 142.1 141.5 142.4 0.9

Computer systems design and related

services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,008.6 2,045.5 2,050.4 2,070.4 1,996.4 2,049.3 2,053.1 2,058.0 4.9

Management and technical consulting

services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,381.9 1,438.4 1,446.9 1,457.9 1,376.3 1,440.6 1,444.4 1,451.4 7.0

Scientific research and development

services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 692.6 704.8 714.5 716.7 683.1 703.3 705.6 707.0 1.4

Advertising and related services. . . . . . . . . . . . . 495.6 487.5 491.6 490.9 493.5 488.7 489.6 488.7 -0.9

Other professional and technical services. . . 687.8 713.3 722.1 723.7 684.7 714.9 717.5 720.3 2.8

Management of companies and enterprises. . . 2,260.3 2,271.4 2,292.6 2,294.9 2,246.5 2,274.3 2,280.3 2,281.7 1.4

Administrative and waste services. . . . . . . . . . . . . 9,113.1 9,340.8 9,421.1 9,395.8 9,022.2 9,267.9 9,272.2 9,302.2 30.0

Administrative and support services. . . . . . . . . 8,699.1 8,925.2 9,001.0 8,973.8 8,618.3 8,853.4 8,859.1 8,889.3 30.2

Office administrative services. . . . . . . . . . . . . 496.5 522.1 525.6 525.4 495.2 521.2 523.0 524.1 1.1

Facilities support services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 140.2 141.7 144.3 144.6 140.8 141.6 143.5 144.6 1.1

Employment services1

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,523.8 3,678.6 3,702.3 3,668.4 3,557.9 3,681.3 3,685.4 3,700.9 15.5

Temporary help services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,871.3 3,011.6 3,030.1 2,996.1 2,910.4 3,016.3 3,019.2 3,033.9 14.7

Business support services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 902.2 902.4 894.9 895.1 916.2 913.4 907.1 910.0 2.9

Travel arrangement and reservation

services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 221.2 217.6 219.1 219.1 217.6 215.9 214.9 215.7 0.8

Investigation and security services. . . . . . . . 902.2 911.0 913.0 916.8 904.4 914.1 915.8 918.7 2.9

Services to buildings and dwellings. . . . . . . 2,199.7 2,224.9 2,271.5 2,276.5 2,074.6 2,141.1 2,145.5 2,150.1 4.6

Other support services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 313.3 326.9 330.3 327.9 311.5 324.7 324.0 325.3 1.3

Waste management and remediation

services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 414.0 415.6 420.1 422.0 403.9 414.5 413.1 412.9 -0.2

Education and health services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22,299 23,123 22,892 22,806 22,644 23,054 23,097 23,151 54

Educational services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,245.8 3,681.5 3,402.7 3,317.6 3,549.1 3,629.1 3,616.8 3,626.6 9.8

Health care and social assistance. . . . . . . . . . . . . 19,053.4 19,441.7 19,489.2 19,488.8 19,094.6 19,424.5 19,479.7 19,524.7 45.0

Health care3

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15,469.1 15,682.3 15,749.5 15,798.0 15,450.6 15,701.3 15,737.9 15,777.3 39.4

Ambulatory health care services. . . . . . . . . . 7,093.4 7,268.5 7,296.2 7,327.3 7,094.4 7,270.9 7,295.4 7,325.4 30.0

Offices of physicians. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,534.1 2,574.8 2,588.0 2,600.0 2,533.5 2,579.6 2,590.4 2,597.2 6.8

Offices of dentists. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 928.5 942.1 946.1 945.1 927.0 942.2 942.7 944.1 1.4

Offices of other health practitioners. . . . . 860.3 900.2 902.5 908.2 860.6 898.4 902.5 908.1 5.6

Outpatient care centers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 858.8 899.6 904.3 912.0 858.2 900.0 903.9 911.2 7.3

Medical and diagnostic laboratories. . . . 264.4 257.1 258.8 259.4 263.7 258.1 259.8 258.6 -1.2

Home health care services. . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,359.2 1,401.5 1,402.3 1,409.6 1,363.4 1,399.3 1,401.4 1,412.7 11.3

Other ambulatory health care

services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 288.1 293.2 294.2 293.0 288.1 293.2 294.9 293.4 -1.5

Hospitals. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,039.3 5,085.2 5,110.2 5,126.1 5,032.1 5,099.4 5,112.1 5,119.4 7.3

Nursing and residential care facilities. . . . . 3,336.4 3,328.6 3,343.1 3,344.6 3,324.1 3,331.0 3,330.4 3,332.5 2.1

Nursing care facilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,657.0 1,635.4 1,641.0 1,640.2 1,650.1 1,638.4 1,635.5 1,634.5 -1.0

Residential mental health facilities. . . . . . 614.8 621.9 622.4 624.4 612.7 621.9 621.1 622.2 1.1

Community care facilities for the

elderly. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 897.8 905.9 909.5 909.3 896.4 904.5 906.1 907.5 1.4

Other residential care facilities. . . . . . . . . . 166.8 165.4 170.2 170.7 164.9 166.1 167.8 168.2 0.4

Social assistance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,584.3 3,759.4 3,739.7 3,690.8 3,644.0 3,723.2 3,741.8 3,747.4 5.6

Individual and family services. . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,231.8 2,311.6 2,317.8 2,312.8 2,234.2 2,299.4 2,308.5 2,314.4 5.9

Emergency and other relief services. . . . . . 162.0 168.2 168.7 169.1 161.5 168.5 168.1 169.1 1.0

Vocational rehabilitation services. . . . . . . . . 344.8 336.0 343.1 344.3 338.9 336.0 338.6 337.9 -0.7

Child day care services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 845.7 943.6 910.1 864.6 909.4 919.2 926.7 926.0 -0.7

Leisure and hospitality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16,379 16,151 16,609 16,729 15,652 15,896 15,936 15,998 62

Arts, entertainment, and recreation. . . . . . . . . . . . 2,604.1 2,345.8 2,571.6 2,634.2 2,253.9 2,260.7 2,268.9 2,277.2 8.3

Performing arts and spectator sports. . . . . . . . 497.7 484.5 495.4 495.1 471.6 458.5 464.1 466.1 2.0

See footnotes at end of table.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-1. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and selected industry detail

— Continued

[In thousands]

Industry

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

July

2016

May

2017

June

2017p

July

2017p

July

2016

May

2017

June

2017p

July

2017p

Change

from:

June2017

-

July2017p

Arts, entertainment, and recreation -

Continued

Museums, historical sites, and similar

institutions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 178.9 172.9 186.8 188.7 162.2 166.8 169.6 170.0 0.4

Amusements, gambling, and recreation. . . . . 1,927.5 1,688.4 1,889.4 1,950.4 1,620.1 1,635.4 1,635.2 1,641.1 5.9

Accommodation and food services. . . . . . . . . . . . 13,774.4 13,804.9 14,036.9 14,094.8 13,398.5 13,635.7 13,667.1 13,720.5 53.4

Accommodation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,109.6 1,960.1 2,063.9 2,117.0 1,952.6 1,957.0 1,961.3 1,961.6 0.3

Food services and drinking places. . . . . . . . . . 11,664.8 11,844.8 11,973.0 11,977.8 11,445.9 11,678.7 11,705.8 11,758.9 53.1

Other services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,751 5,773 5,832 5,831 5,685 5,747 5,760 5,761 1

Repair and maintenance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,295.3 1,304.3 1,308.1 1,303.3 1,289.9 1,295.1 1,295.1 1,297.4 2.3

Personal and laundry services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,456.5 1,495.0 1,502.8 1,498.5 1,446.6 1,481.8 1,486.4 1,488.1 1.7

Membership associations and organizations. . . 2,999.3 2,973.5 3,020.8 3,029.3 2,948.6 2,970.3 2,978.9 2,975.9 -3.0

Government. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21,000 22,651 22,262 21,112 22,257 22,317 22,354 22,358 4

Federal. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,814.0 2,808.0 2,825.0 2,823.0 2,802.0 2,811.0 2,810.0 2,810.0 0.0

Federal, except U.S. Postal Service. . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,207.8 2,191.2 2,208.5 2,205.4 2,190.8 2,191.9 2,191.1 2,188.9 -2.2

U.S. Postal Service. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 605.9 616.7 616.0 617.1 610.8 618.6 618.9 621.4 2.5

State government. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,763.0 5,109.0 4,856.0 4,769.0 5,093.0 5,091.0 5,098.0 5,095.0 -3.0

State government education. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,069.5 2,442.5 2,171.6 2,089.2 2,416.9 2,428.5 2,433.1 2,432.2 -0.9

State government, excluding education. . . . . . . . . . 2,693.7 2,666.8 2,684.7 2,680.0 2,676.2 2,662.8 2,665.0 2,663.2 -1.8

Local government. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13,423.0 14,734.0 14,581.0 13,520.0 14,362.0 14,415.0 14,446.0 14,453.0 7.0

Local government education. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,764.7 8,287.9 7,916.6 6,798.0 7,942.2 7,961.4 7,972.9 7,973.4 0.5

Local government, excluding education. . . . . . . . . . 6,657.8 6,445.6 6,664.0 6,721.5 6,419.8 6,453.4 6,472.8 6,479.5 6.7

1

Includes other industries, not shown separately.

2

Includes motor vehicles, motor vehicle bodies and trailers, and motor vehicle parts.

3

Includes ambulatory health care services, hospitals, and nursing and residential care facilities.

p Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2016 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-2. Average weekly hours and overtime of all employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry

sector, seasonally adjusted

Industry July

2016

May

2017

June

2017p

July

2017p

AVERAGE WEEKLY HOURS

Total private............................................................................. 34.4 34.4 34.5 34.5

Goods-producing.................................................................... 40.3 40.4 40.4 40.5

Mining and logging................................................................ 43.3 45.2 45.0 45.2

Construction....................................................................... 39.2 39.2 39.2 39.2

Manufacturing..................................................................... 40.8 40.7 40.9 40.9

Durable goods.................................................................. 41.3 41.3 41.4 41.4

Nondurable goods.............................................................. 39.9 39.9 40.1 40.2

Private service-providing............................................................ 33.3 33.3 33.3 33.3

Trade, transportation, and utilities.............................................. 34.4 34.4 34.4 34.4

Wholesale trade................................................................ 38.9 39.0 39.0 39.0

Retail trade...................................................................... 31.1 31.0 31.0 31.0

Transportation and warehousing............................................. 38.8 38.8 39.0 38.9

Utilities........................................................................... 42.5 42.0 42.3 42.1

Information......................................................................... 36.1 36.3 36.3 36.3

Financial activities................................................................ 37.6 37.4 37.6 37.5

Professional and business services............................................ 36.1 36.1 36.1 36.2

Education and health services.................................................. 32.9 32.9 32.9 32.9

Leisure and hospitality........................................................... 26.1 26.1 26.1 26.1

Other services..................................................................... 32.0 31.8 31.9 31.8

AVERAGE OVERTIME HOURS

Manufacturing........................................................................... 3.3 3.3 3.3 3.3

Durable goods....................................................................... 3.3 3.3 3.3 3.3

Nondurable goods................................................................... 3.3 3.3 3.4 3.4

p Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2016 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-3. Average hourly and weekly earnings of all employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry

sector, seasonally adjusted

Industry

Average hourly earnings Average weekly earnings

July

2016

May

2017

June

2017p

July

2017p

July

2016

May

2017

June

2017p

July

2017p

Total private............................................... $25.71 $26.22 $26.27 $26.36 $884.42 $901.97 $906.32 $909.42

Goods-producing....................................... 26.98 27.47 27.55 27.69 1,087.29 1,109.79 1,113.02 1,121.45

Mining and logging.................................. 32.10 32.25 32.50 33.08 1,389.93 1,457.70 1,462.50 1,495.22

Construction.......................................... 28.22 28.69 28.82 28.90 1,106.22 1,124.65 1,129.74 1,132.88

Manufacturing........................................ 26.03 26.51 26.56 26.70 1,062.02 1,078.96 1,086.30 1,092.03

Durable goods.................................... 27.34 27.74 27.81 27.95 1,129.14 1,145.66 1,151.33 1,157.13

Nondurable goods................................ 23.78 24.40 24.41 24.57 948.82 973.56 978.84 987.71

Private service-providing.............................. 25.41 25.93 25.97 26.06 846.15 863.47 864.80 867.80

Trade, transportation, and utilities................. 22.39 22.73 22.78 22.83 770.22 781.91 783.63 785.35

Wholesale trade.................................. 29.69 30.03 30.09 30.19 1,154.94 1,171.17 1,173.51 1,177.41

Retail trade........................................ 17.89 18.12 18.14 18.18 556.38 561.72 562.34 563.58

Transportation and warehousing............... 23.29 23.80 23.86 23.88 903.65 923.44 930.54 928.93

Utilities............................................. 38.51 38.87 39.04 39.13 1,636.68 1,632.54 1,651.39 1,647.37

Information........................................... 36.65 38.08 38.40 38.44 1,323.07 1,382.30 1,393.92 1,395.37

Financial activities................................... 32.39 32.91 32.97 33.09 1,217.86 1,230.83 1,239.67 1,240.88

Professional and business services.............. 30.91 31.54 31.55 31.63 1,115.85 1,138.59 1,138.96 1,145.01

Education and health services..................... 25.75 26.21 26.25 26.38 847.18 862.31 863.63 867.90

Leisure and hospitality.............................. 14.90 15.41 15.41 15.46 388.89 402.20 402.20 403.51

Other services....................................... 23.05 23.58 23.59 23.72 737.60 749.84 752.52 754.30

p Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2016 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-4. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours and payrolls for all employees on private nonfarm payrolls by

industry sector, seasonally adjusted

[2007=100]

Industry

Index of aggregate weekly hours1

Index of aggregate weekly payrolls2

July

2016

May

2017

June

2017p

July

2017p

Percent

change

from:

June

2017 -

July

2017p

July

2016

May

2017

June

2017p

July

2017p

Percent

change

from:

June

2017 -

July

2017p

Total private..................................... 105.5 106.9 107.4 107.6 0.2 129.7 134.0 134.9 135.6 0.5

Goods-producing............................. 90.6 92.0 92.1 92.4 0.3 110.5 114.2 114.7 115.7 0.9

Mining and logging........................ 90.3 100.4 100.7 101.1 0.4 116.4 130.0 131.4 134.3 2.2

Construction................................ 90.6 92.9 93.1 93.2 0.1 111.1 115.9 116.6 117.1 0.4

Manufacturing.............................. 90.7 90.8 91.3 91.4 0.1 109.8 111.9 112.8 113.5 0.6

Durable goods........................... 89.8 90.0 90.4 90.5 0.1 109.0 110.8 111.6 112.4 0.7

Nondurable goods...................... 92.3 92.8 93.2 93.5 0.3 111.4 114.9 115.4 116.5 1.0

Private service-providing.................... 109.8 111.3 111.5 111.7 0.2 135.6 140.2 140.7 141.4 0.5

Trade, transportation, and utilities....... 101.9 102.4 102.4 102.5 0.1 122.8 125.2 125.6 125.9 0.2

Wholesale trade......................... 99.5 100.5 100.7 100.8 0.1 123.3 126.0 126.5 127.0 0.4

Retail trade.............................. 100.1 99.7 99.7 99.7 0.0 118.4 119.4 119.6 119.9 0.3

Transportation and warehousing...... 110.7 112.5 113.2 113.0 -0.2 130.8 135.9 137.1 136.9 -0.1

Utilities.................................... 102.2 100.5 101.3 100.7 -0.6 130.1 129.0 130.7 130.2 -0.4

Information................................. 91.6 90.3 90.4 90.5 0.1 119.5 122.4 123.6 123.9 0.2

Financial activities......................... 102.2 103.2 104.0 103.8 -0.2 129.1 132.5 133.7 133.9 0.1

Professional and business services..... 114.5 117.3 117.5 118.1 0.5 143.4 149.9 150.2 151.4 0.8

Education and health services........... 121.6 123.8 124.1 124.4 0.2 150.7 156.2 156.7 157.8 0.7

Leisure and hospitality.................... 116.6 118.4 118.7 119.1 0.3 140.1 147.2 147.5 148.6 0.7

Other services............................. 104.9 105.4 105.9 105.6 -0.3 132.5 136.2 137.0 137.3 0.2

1 The indexes of aggregate weekly hours are calculated by dividing the current month’s estimates of aggregate hours by the corresponding 2007

annual average aggregate hours. Aggregate hours estimates are the product of estimates of average weekly hours and employment.

2 The indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls are calculated by dividing the current month’s estimates of aggregate weekly payrolls by the

corresponding 2007 annual average aggregate weekly payrolls. Aggregate payrolls estimates are the product of estimates of average hourly

earnings, average weekly hours, and employment.

p Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2016 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-5. Employment of women on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted

Industry

Women employees (in thousands) Percent of all employees

July

2016

May

2017

June

2017p

July

2017p

July

2016

May

2017

June

2017p

July

2017p

Total nonfarm............................................. 71,632 72,384 72,476 72,593 49.6 49.5 49.5 49.5

Total private............................................ 58,841 59,566 59,638 59,737 48.2 48.1 48.1 48.1

Goods-producing.................................... 4,320 4,382 4,393 4,409 21.9 21.9 21.9 22.0

Mining and logging............................... 99 101 101 101 14.9 14.3 14.2 14.2

Construction....................................... 835 868 869 875 12.4 12.6 12.6 12.7

Manufacturing..................................... 3,386 3,413 3,423 3,433 27.4 27.5 27.6 27.6

Durable goods.................................. 1,805 1,808 1,815 1,821 23.4 23.4 23.4 23.4

Nondurable goods............................. 1,581 1,605 1,608 1,612 34.1 34.4 34.5 34.6

Private service-providing........................... 54,521 55,184 55,245 55,328 53.2 53.1 53.1 53.1

Trade, transportation, and utilities.............. 11,091 11,006 10,999 10,984 40.7 40.2 40.2 40.1

Wholesale trade................................ 1,734.1 1,743.8 1,744.4 1,743.9 29.6 29.5 29.5 29.4

Retail trade..................................... 8,001.2 7,907.3 7,889.3 7,879.6 50.5 49.9 49.8 49.8

Transportation and warehousing............. 1,225.8 1,228.2 1,238.0 1,232.4 24.6 24.2 24.4 24.3

Utilities........................................... 130.2 127.1 127.4 127.9 23.4 23.0 23.0 23.1

Information......................................... 1,108 1,088 1,085 1,087 39.9 39.9 39.8 39.8

Financial activities................................ 4,717 4,755 4,764 4,764 56.8 56.4 56.4 56.4

Professional and business services............ 9,036 9,299 9,305 9,322 44.8 45.0 45.0 44.9

Education and health services.................. 17,456 17,759 17,794 17,852 77.1 77.0 77.0 77.1

Leisure and hospitality........................... 8,131 8,246 8,259 8,275 51.9 51.9 51.8 51.7

Other services..................................... 2,982 3,031 3,039 3,044 52.5 52.7 52.8 52.8

Government............................................. 12,791 12,818 12,838 12,856 57.5 57.4 57.4 57.5

p Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2016 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-6. Employment of production and nonsupervisory employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry

sector, seasonally adjusted1

[In thousands]

Industry July

2016

May

2017

June

2017p

July

2017p

Total private............................................................................... 100,603 102,051 102,207 102,359

Goods-producing....................................................................... 14,175 14,367 14,378 14,389

Mining and logging.................................................................. 464 504 512 511

Construction.......................................................................... 5,038 5,162 5,163 5,158

Manufacturing........................................................................ 8,673 8,701 8,703 8,720

Durable goods..................................................................... 5,308 5,313 5,321 5,339

Nondurable goods................................................................ 3,365 3,388 3,382 3,381

Private service-providing.............................................................. 86,428 87,684 87,829 87,970

Trade, transportation, and utilities................................................. 22,883 23,036 23,066 23,067

Wholesale trade................................................................... 4,690.6 4,738.0 4,745.1 4,749.9

Retail trade........................................................................ 13,437.6 13,452.1 13,467.1 13,465.7

Transportation and warehousing................................................ 4,308.2 4,401.4 4,407.1 4,407.3

Utilities.............................................................................. 447.0 444.0 446.5 443.9

Information............................................................................ 2,236 2,198 2,203 2,206

Financial activities................................................................... 6,444 6,550 6,570 6,577

Professional and business services............................................... 16,502 16,898 16,913 16,950

Education and health services..................................................... 19,878 20,248 20,292 20,342

Leisure and hospitality.............................................................. 13,771 13,995 14,019 14,058

Other services........................................................................ 4,714 4,759 4,766 4,770

1 Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory

employees in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm

payrolls.

p Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2016 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-7. Average weekly hours and overtime of production and nonsupervisory employees on private

nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted1

Industry July

2016

May

2017

June

2017p

July

2017p

AVERAGE WEEKLY HOURS

Total private............................................................................. 33.7 33.7 33.7 33.7

Goods-producing.................................................................... 41.3 41.3 41.3 41.3

Mining and logging................................................................ 45.4 45.9 45.4 45.9

Construction....................................................................... 39.7 39.9 39.7 39.7

Manufacturing..................................................................... 42.0 41.9 42.0 42.0

Durable goods.................................................................. 42.5 42.3 42.3 42.3

Nondurable goods.............................................................. 41.2 41.1 41.4 41.5

Private service-providing............................................................ 32.4 32.4 32.5 32.5

Trade, transportation, and utilities.............................................. 33.6 33.8 33.8 33.9

Wholesale trade................................................................ 38.7 38.9 38.9 39.0

Retail trade...................................................................... 29.8 30.2 30.2 30.2

Transportation and warehousing............................................. 38.8 38.3 38.5 38.6

Utilities........................................................................... 42.7 42.3 42.5 42.5

Information......................................................................... 35.7 35.9 35.8 35.8

Financial activities................................................................ 37.0 37.0 37.0 37.0

Professional and business services............................................ 35.5 35.4 35.5 35.6

Education and health services.................................................. 32.2 32.2 32.2 32.2

Leisure and hospitality........................................................... 24.9 24.8 24.9 24.8

Other services..................................................................... 31.0 30.7 30.8 30.8

AVERAGE OVERTIME HOURS

Manufacturing........................................................................... 4.3 4.2 4.3 4.4

Durable goods....................................................................... 4.5 4.4 4.4 4.5

Nondurable goods................................................................... 4.1 4.0 4.2 4.2

1 Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory

employees in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm

payrolls.

p Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2016 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-8. Average hourly and weekly earnings of production and nonsupervisory employees on private

nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted1

Industry

Average hourly earnings Average weekly earnings

July

2016

May

2017

June

2017p

July

2017p

July

2016

May

2017

June

2017p

July

2017p

Total private............................................... $21.59 $21.99 $22.04 $22.10 $727.58 $741.06 $742.75 $744.77

Goods-producing....................................... 22.64 23.04 23.11 23.22 935.03 951.55 954.44 958.99

Mining and logging.................................. 27.07 27.50 27.69 27.97 1,228.98 1,262.25 1,257.13 1,283.82

Construction.......................................... 26.12 26.52 26.66 26.76 1,036.96 1,058.15 1,058.40 1,062.37

Manufacturing........................................ 20.47 20.80 20.82 20.94 859.74 871.52 874.44 879.48

Durable goods.................................... 21.52 21.77 21.78 21.91 914.60 920.87 921.29 926.79

Nondurable goods................................ 18.78 19.23 19.28 19.39 773.74 790.35 798.19 804.69

Private service-providing.............................. 21.37 21.77 21.82 21.87 692.39 705.35 709.15 710.78

Trade, transportation, and utilities................. 19.01 19.28 19.36 19.38 638.74 651.66 654.37 656.98

Wholesale trade.................................. 24.27 24.64 24.77 24.83 939.25 958.50 963.55 968.37

Retail trade........................................ 15.03 15.26 15.31 15.34 447.89 460.85 462.36 463.27

Transportation and warehousing............... 20.93 21.24 21.29 21.22 812.08 813.49 819.67 819.09

Utilities............................................. 35.53 36.17 36.44 36.25 1,517.13 1,529.99 1,548.70 1,540.63

Information........................................... 30.14 30.72 30.86 30.95 1,076.00 1,102.85 1,104.79 1,108.01

Financial activities................................... 26.15 26.49 26.56 26.67 967.55 980.13 982.72 986.79

Professional and business services.............. 25.50 25.98 26.01 26.07 905.25 919.69 923.36 928.09

Education and health services..................... 22.54 22.98 23.00 23.06 725.79 739.96 740.60 742.53

Leisure and hospitality.............................. 12.90 13.34 13.35 13.35 321.21 330.83 332.42 331.08

Other services....................................... 19.37 19.80 19.85 19.95 600.47 607.86 611.38 614.46

1 Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory

employees in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm

payrolls.

p Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2016 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-9. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours and payrolls for production and nonsupervisory employees on

private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted1

[2002=100]

Industry

Index of aggregate weekly hours2

Index of aggregate weekly payrolls3

July

2016

May

2017

June

2017p

July

2017p

Percent

change

from:

June

2017 -

July

2017p

July

2016

May

2017

June

2017p

July

2017p

Percent

change

from:

June

2017 -

July

2017p

Total private..................................... 113.0 114.6 114.8 114.9 0.1 163.0 168.4 169.0 169.7 0.4

Goods-producing............................. 89.5 90.7 90.7 90.8 0.1 124.0 127.9 128.4 129.1 0.5

Mining and logging........................ 111.9 122.9 123.5 124.6 0.9 176.2 196.6 198.9 202.8 2.0

Construction................................ 100.1 103.1 102.6 102.5 -0.1 141.2 147.7 147.7 148.2 0.3

Manufacturing.............................. 83.6 83.7 83.9 84.1 0.2 111.9 113.8 114.2 115.1 0.8

Durable goods........................... 84.8 84.5 84.6 84.9 0.4 113.9 114.8 115.0 116.1 1.0

Nondurable goods...................... 81.7 82.0 82.5 82.7 0.2 108.4 111.5 112.4 113.3 0.8

Private service-providing.................... 119.3 121.0 121.6 121.8 0.2 174.8 180.6 181.9 182.6 0.4

Trade, transportation, and utilities....... 107.2 108.5 108.7 109.0 0.3 145.4 149.3 150.1 150.7 0.4

Wholesale trade......................... 106.9 108.5 108.7 109.1 0.4 152.8 157.5 158.6 159.6 0.6

Retail trade.............................. 101.4 102.8 102.9 102.9 0.0 130.6 134.5 135.1 135.3 0.1

Transportation and warehousing...... 125.8 126.9 127.7 128.1 0.3 167.1 171.0 172.5 172.4 -0.1

Utilities.................................... 97.6 96.0 97.0 96.5 -0.5 144.8 145.0 147.6 146.0 -1.1

Information................................. 91.1 90.1 90.0 90.1 0.1 135.9 137.0 137.5 138.1 0.4

Financial activities......................... 112.2 114.1 114.4 114.6 0.2 180.6 185.9 187.0 188.0 0.5

Professional and business services..... 131.3 134.1 134.6 135.2 0.4 199.2 207.3 208.3 209.8 0.7

Education and health services........... 136.5 139.0 139.3 139.7 0.3 203.0 210.8 211.5 212.6 0.5

Leisure and hospitality.................... 125.6 127.1 127.9 127.7 -0.2 184.0 192.6 193.9 193.6 -0.2

Other services............................. 102.5 102.5 102.9 103.0 0.1 144.6 147.8 148.9 149.8 0.6

1 Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory

employees in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm

payrolls.

2 The indexes of aggregate weekly hours are calculated by dividing the current month’s estimates of aggregate hours by the corresponding 2002

annual average aggregate hours. Aggregate hours estimates are the product of estimates of average weekly hours and employment.

3 The indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls are calculated by dividing the current month’s estimates of aggregate weekly payrolls by the

corresponding 2002 annual average aggregate weekly payrolls. Aggregate payrolls estimates are the product of estimates of average hourly

earnings, average weekly hours, and employment.

p Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2016 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.