U.S. IMPORT AND EXPORT PRICE INDEXES – JULY 2023

Prices for U.S. imports advanced 0.4 percent in July following a 0.1-percent decline the previous month, the 

U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today. The July increase was driven by higher fuel prices. U.S. 

export prices rose 0.7 percent in July, after decreasing 0.7 percent in June. 

Chart 1. One-month and 12-month percent changes in the Import Price Index: July 2022 – July 2023

Imports 

The price index for U.S. imports rose 0.4 percent in July, only the second monthly advance in 2023. Despite 

the July rise, U.S. import prices declined 4.4 percent over the past 12 months, after increasing 8.8 percent 

from July 2021 to July 2022. (See table 1.)

Fuel Imports: Import fuel prices advanced 3.6 percent in July, after increasing 1.9 percent in June. Higher 

prices for petroleum and natural gas in July contributed to the rise. Despite the advances the past 2 months, 

import fuel prices decreased 29.0 percent over the past year. Prices for import petroleum rose 3.5 percent in 

July following a 2.1-percent increase the previous month. Petroleum prices last advanced in consecutive 

months in June 2022. Prices for import petroleum fell 28.2 percent for the year ended in July. The price 

index for natural gas rose for the first time since January 2023, increasing 12.1 percent, after a 1.5-percent 

drop in June. The July advance was the largest rise since the index advanced 68.4 percent in December 

2022. Import natural gas prices declined 58.8 percent over the past 12 months, less than the record 70.7-

percent over-the-year decrease in June. 

 

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Transmission of material in this release is embargoed until

8:30 a.m. (ET) Tuesday, August 15, 2023 

Technical information: (202) 691-7101 • MXPinfo@bls.gov • www.bls.gov/mxp

Media contact: (202) 691-5902 • PressOffice@bls.gov

USDL-23-1790
2

All Imports Excluding Fuel: Nonfuel import prices were unchanged in July following a 0.3-percent 

decrease the previous month. Lower prices in July for nonfuel industrial supplies and materials and 

consumer goods offset higher prices for foods, feeds, and beverages; automotive vehicles; and capital 

goods. Nonfuel import prices declined 0.9 percent from July 2022 to July 2023. 

Foods, Feeds, and Beverages: Import prices for foods, feeds, and beverages advanced 2.5 percent in July, 

after edging down 0.1 percent in June. Higher prices for fruit, vegetables, and meat all contributed to the 

increase in July. 

Nonfuel Industrial Supplies and Materials: The price index for nonfuel industrial supplies and materials 

decreased 1.4 percent in July following a 1.2-percent drop the previous month. The decreases in both July 

and June were led by lower unfinished metal prices. 

Finished Goods: Prices for the major finished goods import categories were mixed in July. Automotive 

vehicles prices rose 0.3 percent following a 0.1-percent drop the previous month. The July advance was 

driven by higher prices for both passenger cars and vehicles designed to transport goods. Capital goods 

prices ticked up 0.1 percent in July, after edging down 0.1 percent in June. The increase was led by higher 

prices in July for civilian aircraft, engines, and parts. In contrast, consumer goods prices fell 0.1 percent in 

July, after declining 0.2 percent in June. The decrease in July was driven by lower prices for 

nonmanufactured consumer goods. 

Table A. Percent change in Import and Export Price Indexes, selected categories
3

Chart 2. One-month and 12-month percent changes in the Export Price Index: July 2022 – July 2023

Exports 

U.S. export prices increased 0.7 percent in July, after declining 0.7 percent the previous month. The advance 

in July was the largest monthly increase since a 1.1-percent rise in June 2022. Higher prices in July for both 

agricultural and nonagricultural exports contributed to the overall advance. Despite the July increase, U.S. 

export prices fell 7.9 percent from July 2022 to July 2023. (See table 2.)

Agricultural Exports: The price index for agricultural exports rose 0.9 percent in July following declines 

of 1.5 percent in June and 2.3 percent in May. Higher prices for soybeans, meat, and wheat in July more 

than offset lower prices for corn, fruit, and nuts. Export agricultural prices declined 5.8 percent for the year 

ended in July. 

All Exports Excluding Agriculture: Prices for nonagricultural exports advanced 0.6 percent in July, after 

decreasing 0.6 percent the previous month. The July increase was the first monthly rise since February 2023 

and the largest 1-month advance since a 1.2-percent increase in June 2022. Higher prices for nonagricultural 

industrial supplies and materials, capital goods, and automotive vehicles more than offset lower prices for 

consumer goods and nonagricultural foods. Nonagricultural export prices declined 8.2 percent over the past 

year. 

Nonagricultural Industrial Supplies and Materials: Nonagricultural industrial supplies and materials prices 

rose 1.5 percent in July following a 1.5-percent decrease the previous month. The advance in July was 

driven by a 6.7-percent increase in export fuel prices. 

Finished Goods: Prices for the major finished goods export categories were mixed in July. Capital goods 

prices ticked up 0.1 percent, after advancing 0.2 percent in June. Prices for export capital goods have not 

declined on a monthly basis since November 2022. Automotive vehicles prices rose 0.2 percent in July 

following a 0.1-percent increase the previous month. The July advance was driven by higher parts prices. In 

contrast, consumer goods prices declined 0.2 percent in July, after rising 0.1 percent in June. The decrease 

in July was the first 1-month drop since the index declined 0.3 percent in November 2022 and was led by 

lower prices for manufactured nondurable goods and nonmanufactured consumer goods. 

More information for the major import and export price indexes can be found at 

www.bls.gov/web/ximpim/largest.htm. 

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4

Measures of Import and Export Prices by Locality

Imports by Locality of Origin: Prices for imports from China fell 0.2 percent in July following a 0.4- 

percent decrease the previous month. Import prices from China have not recorded a monthly increase since 

October 2022. The price index for imports from China declined 2.3 percent for the year ended in July, the 

largest 12-month drop since November 2009. In contrast, prices for imports from Japan advanced 0.3 

percent in July, after being unchanged in June. Higher chemical prices in July led the increase. Import prices 

from Japan rose 1.0 percent over the past 12 months. The price index for imports from Canada increased 3.0 

percent in July, the largest 1-month advance since March 2022. Despite the July rise, prices for imports 

from Canada declined 15.1 percent over the past year. Import prices from Mexico and the European Union 

also advanced in July, increasing 2.4 percent and 0.2 percent, respectively. The July increase in prices for 

imports from Mexico was the largest monthly rise since April 2011. (See table 7.)

Exports by Locality of Destination: Export prices to China rose 1.5 percent in July, after falling 1.6 

percent in June. Despite the July advance, the price index for exports to China declined 8.8 percent over the 

past 12 months. Prices for exports to Japan increased 0.3 percent following a 1.2-percent drop the previous 

month. The July advance was the first monthly rise since February 2023. Export prices to Japan decreased 

11.2 percent from July 2022 to July 2023. The price index for exports to Canada rose 1.0 percent in July, the 

largest 1-month advance since May 2022. Despite the July increase, export prices to Canada decreased 1.8 

percent over the past year. Prices for exports to Mexico and the European Union also advanced in July, 

rising 0.7 percent and 0.9 percent, respectively. (See table 8.) 

Terms of Trade Indexes: Terms of trade indexes are based on country, region, or grouping and measure 

the change in the purchasing power of exports relative to imports. U.S. terms of trade with China rose 1.7 

percent in July, after declining 1.2 percent in June. Higher export prices to China and lower import prices 

from China each contributed to the July increase. U.S. terms of trade with China decreased 6.7 percent over 

the past 12 months. U.S. terms of trade with Japan were unchanged in July following a 1.2-percent decline 

in June. U.S. terms of trade with Japan fell 12.1 percent for the year ended in July. The index for U.S. terms 

of trade with Canada fell 1.8 percent in July, after ticking up 0.1 percent in June. The July decrease was the 

largest monthly drop since March 2022. U.S. terms of trade with Mexico fell 1.7 percent in July and U.S. 

terms of trade with the European Union rose 0.7 percent over the same period. (See table 9.)

Import and Export Services

Imports: Import air passenger fares fell 9.2 percent in July, following a 10.0-percent increase in June. The 

July drop was the largest 1-month decline since a 12.4-percent decrease in January 2023 and was mostly 

driven by lower European fares. Import air passenger fares fell 3.5 percent for the year ended in July, the 

first 12-month decline since February 2022. The price index for import air freight rose 1.3 percent in July 

following a 6.1-percent increase the previous month. Higher Asian air freight prices in July more than offset 

lower European air freight prices. Despite the recent advances, import air freight prices decreased 22.4 

percent over the past 12 months. (See table 10.) 

Exports: Export air passenger fares increased 4.2 percent in July, after rising 9.3 percent the previous 

month. Higher Latin American/Caribbean fares mainly led the July advance in export air passenger fares. 

The index for export air passenger fares rose 0.2 percent over the past year, the smallest 12-month advance 

since the index last fell on an over-the-year basis in November 2021. Prices for export air freight rose 1.0 

percent in July, after falling 3.8 percent in each of the 2 previous months. Despite the July increase, export 

air freight prices declined 16.4 percent over the past 12 months. 

 

U.S. Import and Export Price Index data for August 2023 are scheduled for release on Friday, 

September 15, 2023, at 8:30 a.m. (ET).
Table 1. U.S. import price indexes and percent changes for selected categories of goods: July 2022 to July

2023

[2000=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description End Use

Relative

importance

Jun.

20231

Index Percent change

Jun.

2023

Jul.

2023

Annual Monthly

Jul.

2022 to

Jul.

2023

Mar.

2023 to

Apr.

2023

Apr.

2023 to

May

2023

May

2023 to

Jun.

2023

Jun.

2023 to

Jul.

2023

All commodities................................... 100.000 139.5 140.0 -4.4 0.3 -0.4 -0.1 0.4

All imports excluding food and fuels (Dec.

2010=100)........................................ 84.078 108.3 108.1 -1.1 0.0 0.0 -0.3 -0.2

All imports excluding petroleum.............. 91.597 123.6 123.6 -1.3 -0.2 -0.1 -0.3 0.0

All imports excluding fuels (Dec.

2001=100)........................................ 91.120 127.5 127.5 -0.9 -0.1 0.0 -0.3 0.0

Foods, feeds, & beverages................... 0 7.043 208.9 214.1 2.7 -0.7 -0.9 -0.1 2.5

Agricultural foods, feeds & beverages,

excluding distilled beverages............. 00 5.618 230.6 238.0 4.4 -0.4 -0.8 0.3 3.2

Nonagricultural foods (fish, distilled

beverages).................................. 01 1.424 157.7 157.3 -4.0 -1.8 -0.8 -1.9 -0.3

Industrial supplies & materials.............. 1 24.619 242.8 243.7 -16.5 1.6 -1.9 -0.1 0.4

Industrial supplies & materials excluding

petroleum.................................... 16.323 202.8 200.4 -9.5 -0.6 -0.7 -1.2 -1.2

Industrial supplies & materials excluding

fuels (Dec. 2001=100)..................... 15.754 228.0 224.8 -7.5 -0.1 -0.1 -1.2 -1.4

Industrial supplies & materials, durable. . .. 9.911 221.4 218.1 -5.8 -0.3 0.1 -1.9 -1.5

Industrial supplies & materials nondurable

excluding petroleum....................... 6.306 181.4 180.2 -14.3 -1.2 -1.8 0.1 -0.7

Fuels & lubricants............................. 10 8.880 274.8 284.8 -29.0 4.6 -5.0 1.9 3.6

Petroleum & petroleum products......... 100 8.403 297.0 307.4 -28.2 5.9 -4.5 2.1 3.5

Crude petroleum........................... 10000 5.210 299.0 320.1 -25.0 7.9 -3.3 0.7 7.1

Fuels, n.e.s.-coals & gas.................. 101 0.342 140.9 152.4 -50.7 -15.7 -17.6 -1.3 8.2

Natural gas.................................. 10110 0.233 111.9 125.4 -58.8 -18.9 -23.9 -1.5 12.1

Paper & paper base stocks.................. 11 0.548 145.5 143.4 -1.6 -2.6 0.6 3.5 -1.4

Materials associated with nondurable

supplies & materials....................... 12 5.280 199.6 197.0 -11.2 0.5 -0.6 -0.2 -1.3

Selected building materials.................. 13 1.724 187.4 190.4 -10.7 -2.5 0.4 -0.7 1.6

Unfinished metals related to durable

goods........................................ 14 4.044 331.5 319.1 -10.0 0.2 0.4 -3.4 -3.7

Finished metals related to durable

goods........................................ 15 2.356 218.0 216.5 3.0 1.4 0.0 -0.4 -0.7

Nonmetals related to durable goods. . . . . .. 16 1.787 124.6 124.0 -4.2 -1.4 -0.5 -1.9 -0.5

Capital goods................................... 2 27.926 93.6 93.7 0.8 0.0 0.0 -0.1 0.1

Electric generating equipment............... 20 3.760 129.6 130.0 0.5 -0.1 0.2 0.0 0.3

Nonelectrical machinery...................... 21 22.757 84.5 84.5 0.4 -0.2 0.0 -0.1 0.0

Transportation equipment excluding motor

vehicles (Dec. 2001=100)................. 22 1.410 153.1 155.3 7.8 1.0 0.3 0.1 1.4

Automotive vehicles, parts & engines..... 3 12.872 117.9 118.2 1.3 0.1 0.3 -0.1 0.3

Consumer goods, excluding

automotives.................................. 4 27.539 110.2 110.1 -0.1 0.1 0.1 -0.2 -0.1

Nondurables, manufactured................. 40 12.892 125.5 125.6 0.8 0.2 0.2 -0.1 0.1

Durables, manufactured...................... 41 13.663 95.4 95.4 -0.4 -0.1 0.1 -0.2 0.0

Nonmanufactured consumer goods. . . . . . .. 42 0.985 126.5 123.9 -6.0 1.1 0.0 -2.2 -2.1

1 Relative importance figures are based on 2021 trade values.

NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication.

Dash = Not available

5
Table 2. U.S. export price indexes and percent changes for selected categories of goods: July 2022 to July

2023

[2000=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description End Use

Relative

importance

Jun.

20231

Index Percent change

Jun.

2023

Jul.

2023

Annual Monthly

Jul.

2022 to

Jul.

2023

Mar.

2023 to

Apr.

2023

Apr.

2023 to

May

2023

May

2023 to

Jun.

2023

Jun.

2023 to

Jul.

2023

All commodities................................... 100.000 146.9 147.9 -7.9 -0.1 -2.1 -0.7 0.7

Agricultural commodities....................... 11.004 239.6 241.8 -5.8 0.4 -2.3 -1.5 0.9

All exports excluding food and fuels (Dec.

2010=100)........................................ 74.515 114.3 113.6 -1.8 0.1 -0.1 -0.5 -0.6

All exports excluding fuels (June

2022=100)........................................ 84.615 99.2 98.8 -1.0 0.2 -0.4 -0.6 -0.4

Nonagricultural commodities.................. 88.996 139.8 140.7 -8.2 -0.1 -2.0 -0.6 0.6

Foods, feeds, & beverages................... 0 10.100 242.1 244.5 -5.4 0.4 -2.3 -1.5 1.0

Agricultural foods, feeds & beverages,

excluding distilled beverages............. 00 9.699 244.2 247.1 -5.1 0.5 -2.4 -1.5 1.2

Nonagricultural foods (fish, distilled

beverages).................................. 01 0.402 200.9 194.9 -12.6 -3.6 -0.6 -2.5 -3.0

Industrial supplies & materials.............. 1 37.286 193.5 196.2 -18.9 -0.5 -4.9 -1.5 1.4

Industrial supplies & materials, durable. . .. 11.076 211.9 208.1 -2.9 1.3 -0.6 -1.7 -1.8

Industrial supplies & materials,

nondurable.................................. 26.210 183.9 189.0 -23.5 -1.1 -6.6 -1.4 2.8

Agricultural industrial supplies &

materials..................................... 10 1.273 218.3 215.9 -11.3 -0.6 -1.8 -1.6 -1.1

Nonagricultural industrial supplies &

materials..................................... 36.012 192.7 195.6 -19.1 -0.4 -5.0 -1.5 1.5

Fuels & lubricants............................. 11 15.385 224.2 239.2 -27.8 -1.1 -10.5 -0.7 6.7

Nonagricultural supplies & materials

excluding fuels & building materials. . . .. 12 19.818 193.7 189.0 -9.7 0.2 -0.5 -2.1 -2.4

Selected building materials.................. 13 0.810 146.7 146.2 -15.0 -1.3 -0.3 -1.2 -0.3

Capital goods................................... 2 31.279 121.3 121.4 2.0 0.2 0.0 0.2 0.1

Electrical generating equipment............. 20 3.489 137.4 137.8 3.7 0.1 0.1 -0.1 0.3

Nonelectrical machinery...................... 21 22.844 101.4 101.4 0.6 0.1 0.0 -0.1 0.0

Transportation equipment excluding motor

vehicles (Dec. 2001=100)................. 22 4.946 211.1 211.5 7.3 0.6 0.1 2.0 0.2

Automotive vehicles, parts & engines..... 3 8.298 123.8 124.1 2.1 -0.3 0.1 0.1 0.2

Consumer goods, excluding

automotives.................................. 4 13.036 119.8 119.6 2.6 0.3 0.3 0.1 -0.2

Nondurables, manufactured................. 40 6.880 111.0 110.8 1.4 0.5 0.3 0.0 -0.2

Durables, manufactured...................... 41 4.876 120.0 120.1 4.4 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.1

Nonmanufactured consumer goods (Dec.

2018=100)................................... 42 1.280 130.4 129.5 2.7 -0.2 -0.1 -0.8 -0.7

1 Relative importance figures are based on 2021 trade values.

NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication.

Dash = Not available

6
Table 3. U.S. import price indexes and percent changes for selected industries: July 2022 to July 2023

[December 2005=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description NAICS

Relative

importance

Jun.

20231

Index Percent change

Jun.

2023

Jul.

2023

Annual Monthly

Jul.

2022 to

Jul.

2023

Mar.

2023 to

Apr.

2023

Apr.

2023 to

May

2023

May

2023 to

Jun.

2023

Jun.

2023 to

Jul.

2023

Nonmanufacturing................................ 7.999 141.8 150.0 -21.0 4.5 -4.1 0.1 5.8

Agriculture, forestry, fishing and

hunting........................................ 11 2.115 209.5 221.9 3.5 -0.3 -1.9 -0.7 5.9

Crop production............................... 111 1.686 217.3 230.9 1.7 -0.1 -2.0 -0.5 6.3

Animal production (Dec. 2022=100)........ 112 0.258 109.4 115.7 – -2.9 0.9 -1.2 5.8

Mining............................................ 21 5.884 137.0 144.9 -27.1 6.4 -4.9 0.3 5.8

Oil and gas extraction........................ 211 5.576 134.4 143.6 -27.9 5.7 -4.5 0.4 6.8

Mining (except oil and gas) (Dec.

2022=100)................................... 212 0.308 123.3 105.2 – 18.1 -11.8 -1.7 -14.7

Manufacturing..................................... 91.623 122.4 122.1 -2.5 0.1 -0.2 -0.1 -0.2

Manufacturing, part 1......................... 31 11.464 138.9 138.7 0.7 0.3 0.1 -0.3 -0.1

Food manufacturing.......................... 311 4.256 188.3 187.5 0.7 0.5 0.0 -0.5 -0.4

Beverage and tobacco product

manufacturing............................... 312 1.181 139.9 140.4 4.3 0.2 0.1 0.0 0.4

Apparel manufacturing....................... 315 3.220 119.0 119.0 1.4 0.2 -0.1 -0.2 0.0

Leather and allied product

manufacturing............................... 316 1.374 126.8 127.0 -0.6 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2

Manufacturing, part 2......................... 32 20.027 143.7 143.0 -10.3 0.2 -0.9 0.6 -0.5

Paper manufacturing......................... 322 0.989 124.9 124.1 -2.0 -1.4 0.2 1.4 -0.6

Petroleum and coal products

manufacturing............................... 324 3.016 139.1 136.4 -31.0 3.2 -6.6 4.9 -1.9

Chemical manufacturing..................... 325 11.216 151.7 151.0 -6.7 -0.1 0.0 -0.1 -0.5

Plastics and rubber products

manufacturing............................... 326 2.654 134.1 133.9 0.3 -0.1 0.6 -0.1 -0.1

Nonmetallic mineral product

manufacturing............................... 327 1.079 146.1 145.9 2.6 2.2 0.7 -1.2 -0.1

Manufacturing, part 3......................... 33 60.131 112.7 112.6 -0.1 0.0 0.1 -0.4 -0.1

Primary metal manufacturing................ 331 4.865 226.0 220.7 -5.2 0.4 0.5 -2.8 -2.3

Fabricated metal product manufacturing... 332 3.328 148.8 148.0 -3.0 0.3 -0.2 -0.5 -0.5

Machinery manufacturing.................... 333 7.749 131.8 132.0 3.3 0.3 0.3 -0.2 0.2

Computer and electronic product

manufacturing............................... 334 16.801 72.7 72.7 -1.6 -0.7 -0.3 -0.1 0.0

Electrical equipment, appliance, and

component manufacturing................. 335 6.013 128.0 128.4 0.9 0.3 0.2 0.0 0.3

Transportation equipment manufacturing... 336 13.070 116.9 117.3 1.7 0.1 0.3 -0.1 0.3

Furniture and related product

manufacturing............................... 337 2.028 129.6 129.8 1.1 -0.1 0.3 0.3 0.2

Miscellaneous manufacturing............... 339 6.277 128.2 127.9 0.2 0.2 0.5 -0.2 -0.2

1 Relative importance figures are based on 2021 trade values.

NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication.

Dash = Not available

7
Table 4. U.S. export price indexes and percent changes for selected industries: July 2022 to July 2023

[December 2005=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description NAICS

Relative

importance

Jun.

20231

Index Percent change

Jun.

2023

Jul.

2023

Annual Monthly

Jul.

2022 to

Jul.

2023

Mar.

2023 to

Apr.

2023

Apr.

2023 to

May

2023

May

2023 to

Jun.

2023

Jun.

2023 to

Jul.

2023

Nonmanufacturing................................ 14.213 167.8 176.9 -22.4 -0.2 -7.4 -2.2 5.4

Agriculture, forestry, fishing and

hunting........................................ 11 5.421 202.6 206.0 -11.3 0.2 -3.7 -3.0 1.7

Crop production............................... 111 5.111 215.2 218.6 -11.6 0.3 -3.8 -3.0 1.6

Mining............................................ 21 8.792 99.6 107.4 -28.0 -0.4 -9.5 -1.8 7.8

Oil and gas extraction (Dec. 2021=100). .. 211 7.435 87.0 94.9 -29.4 -0.9 -10.0 -0.3 9.1

Mining (except oil and gas).................. 212 1.356 136.5 137.4 -16.8 1.9 -6.8 -8.1 0.7

Manufacturing..................................... 84.100 133.4 133.2 -4.9 0.0 -1.1 -0.2 -0.1

Manufacturing, part 1......................... 31 7.054 173.8 173.9 -2.6 0.2 -0.9 -0.2 0.1

Food manufacturing.......................... 311 5.215 204.9 205.9 -2.5 0.2 -1.0 0.0 0.5

Beverage and tobacco product

manufacturing............................... 312 0.541 144.5 139.9 -4.4 0.7 -1.3 -2.6 -3.2

Manufacturing, part 2......................... 32 26.041 134.3 134.2 -15.4 -0.8 -3.4 -0.7 -0.1

Wood product manufacturing (Dec.

2017=100)................................... 321 0.408 114.8 113.7 -19.5 -1.0 -0.1 -1.6 -1.0

Paper manufacturing......................... 322 1.497 137.9 140.8 -8.7 -3.4 -2.5 -5.7 2.1

Petroleum and coal products

manufacturing............................... 324 6.281 141.9 147.4 -29.5 -1.8 -12.5 0.4 3.9

Chemical manufacturing..................... 325 14.580 134.2 131.4 -10.2 0.0 0.1 -0.8 -2.1

Plastics and rubber products

manufacturing............................... 326 2.307 133.3 133.6 2.0 -0.4 0.2 0.1 0.2

Nonmetallic mineral product

manufacturing............................... 327 0.772 131.4 133.2 -1.7 0.0 0.2 0.2 1.4

Manufacturing, part 3......................... 33 51.005 128.9 128.7 1.4 0.3 0.1 0.0 -0.2

Primary metal manufacturing................ 331 4.386 205.0 199.8 -6.6 3.0 -0.5 -1.8 -2.5

Machinery manufacturing.................... 333 9.639 149.2 149.4 4.5 0.4 0.1 0.1 0.1

Computer and electronic product

manufacturing............................... 334 12.976 83.2 83.0 -2.4 0.0 -0.2 -0.2 -0.2

Electrical equipment, appliance, and

component manufacturing................. 335 3.621 135.7 136.3 4.0 0.2 0.2 -0.1 0.4

Transportation equipment manufacturing... 336 12.275 143.8 144.0 4.0 0.0 0.1 0.8 0.1

Miscellaneous manufacturing............... 339 5.026 139.1 139.2 4.4 0.2 0.4 0.4 0.1

1 Relative importance figures are based on 2021 trade values.

NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication.

Dash = Not available

8
Table 5. U.S. import price indexes and percent changes for selected categories of goods: July 2022 to July

2023

[2000=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description

Harmonized

system

Relative

importance

Jun.

20231

Index Percent change

Jun.

2023

Jul.

2023

Annual Monthly

Jul.

2022 to

Jul.

2023

Mar.

2023 to

Apr.

2023

Apr.

2023 to

May

2023

May

2023 to

Jun.

2023

Jun.

2023 to

Jul.

2023

Live animals; animal products................. I 1.558 234.2 237.0 1.2 -0.4 0.0 -0.9 1.2

Meat and edible meat offal..................... 02 0.412 326.1 337.1 -1.5 4.6 2.3 1.4 3.4

Fish and crustaceans, molluscs and other

aquatic invertebrates......................... 03 0.789 151.8 150.1 -6.2 -3.3 -1.8 -3.1 -1.1

Vegetable products............................... II 2.152 246.5 257.7 2.9 0.5 -1.5 -0.7 4.5

Edible vegetables, roots, and tubers.......... 07 0.534 477.0 526.4 19.9 -1.6 5.2 -1.3 10.4

Edible fruit and nuts; peel of citrus fruit or

melons.......................................... 08 0.733 116.1 127.4 0.4 -0.4 -7.4 0.7 9.7

Coffee, tea, mate and spices.................. 09 0.392 302.6 293.8 -6.9 -0.2 -0.4 -0.5 -2.9

Animal or vegetable fats and oils (Dec.

2009=100)........................................ III 0.376 144.5 143.2 -5.0 1.2 -1.2 -1.4 -0.9

Prepared foodstuffs, beverages, and

tobacco........................................... IV 3.382 195.3 196.3 4.8 -0.2 0.1 0.2 0.5

Sugars and sugar confectionary (Dec.

2021=100)..................................... 17 0.213 113.8 114.4 6.4 0.9 0.5 -0.4 0.5

Cocoa and cocoa preparations (Dec.

2009=100)..................................... 18 0.245 121.1 123.7 20.8 5.3 -2.8 2.3 2.1

Miscellaneous edible preparations (Dec.

2022=100)..................................... 21 0.395 98.2 97.7 – -3.2 0.5 0.4 -0.5

Beverages, spirits, and vinegar................ 22 1.113 153.6 154.1 4.3 0.3 0.2 -0.1 0.3

Mineral products.................................. V 9.017 283.0 291.7 -28.3 5.3 -5.5 1.9 3.1

Mineral fuels, oils and residuals, bituminous

substances and mineral waxes............. 27 8.635 274.6 285.3 -29.0 4.8 -5.3 2.0 3.9

Products of the chemical or allied

industries........................................ VI 10.637 172.6 171.5 -4.8 -0.3 0.2 -0.5 -0.6

Inorganic chemicals............................. 28 0.629 517.3 507.2 -7.2 -1.1 0.0 -0.3 -2.0

Organic chemicals............................... 29 2.399 145.1 142.4 -9.1 -0.4 0.5 -1.0 -1.9

Pharmaceutical products....................... 30 5.293 148.6 148.6 0.3 0.3 0.2 -0.1 0.0

Fertilizers (Dec. 2022=100).................... 31 0.358 66.8 64.6 – -5.8 -4.0 -1.2 -3.3

Tanning extracts; dye, pigments, varnish,

paints & putty (Dec. 2022=100)............. 32 0.206 102.0 101.0 – -1.4 2.2 -0.9 -1.0

Miscellaneous chemical products............. 38 0.830 120.1 119.3 0.3 -0.5 0.3 -1.2 -0.7

Plastics and articles thereof; rubber and

articles thereof.................................. VII 4.179 158.4 157.6 -3.3 0.3 -0.1 0.2 -0.5

Plastics and articles thereof.................... 39 2.719 157.9 156.9 -5.6 0.1 -0.5 0.1 -0.6

Rubber and articles thereof.................... 40 1.460 162.4 162.3 1.9 0.6 0.6 0.2 -0.1

Woodpulp, recovered paper, and paper

products......................................... X 0.990 131.9 130.7 -2.7 -2.1 0.5 2.0 -0.9

Textile and textile articles....................... XI 4.446 120.8 120.7 0.5 0.2 0.2 -0.2 -0.1

Articles of apparel and clothing accessories,

not knitted or crocheted...................... 62 1.223 127.1 126.7 0.2 0.2 -0.2 -0.2 -0.3

Headgear, umbrellas, artificial flowers,

etc................................................. XII 1.206 126.7 127.1 0.5 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3

Footwear and parts of such articles........... 64 0.956 123.5 124.0 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.4

Stone, plaster, cement, asbestos,

ceramics, glass etc............................ XIII 0.943 138.5 138.4 2.7 1.5 0.6 -0.6 -0.1

Articles of stone, plaster, cement, asbestos,

or mica (Dec. 2020=100).................... 68 0.345 102.9 102.9 0.9 0.1 0.2 0.0 0.0

Glass and glassware (Dec. 2021=100)....... 70 0.335 110.2 110.1 8.5 4.9 0.9 -0.2 -0.1

Pearls, stones, precious metals, imitation

jewelry, and coins.............................. XIV 3.310 232.1 222.9 -1.8 2.6 1.6 -2.4 -4.0

See footnotes at end of table.

9
Table 5. U.S. import price indexes and percent changes for selected categories of goods: July 2022 to July

2023 — Continued

[2000=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description

Harmonized

system

Relative

importance

Jun.

20231

Index Percent change

Jun.

2023

Jul.

2023

Annual Monthly

Jul.

2022 to

Jul.

2023

Mar.

2023 to

Apr.

2023

Apr.

2023 to

May

2023

May

2023 to

Jun.

2023

Jun.

2023 to

Jul.

2023

Base metals and articles of base metals. . .. XV 6.288 234.2 233.4 -4.5 -0.7 -0.4 -1.2 -0.3

Articles of iron or steel.......................... 73 1.868 202.4 202.5 -2.3 0.1 -0.9 -1.6 0.0

Copper and articles thereof.................... 74 0.530 370.0 368.4 6.6 -1.4 -2.7 -2.2 -0.4

Aluminum and articles thereof................. 76 1.071 190.2 190.0 -5.4 -0.6 -0.3 -0.7 -0.1

Tools, implements, cutlery, spoons and

forks, of base metal; parts thereof.......... 82 0.450 132.1 132.6 2.0 -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.4

Miscellaneous articles of base metal. . . . . . . .. 83 0.549 147.4 147.2 -3.9 -1.3 -0.3 -0.5 -0.1

Machinery, electrical equipment, TV image

and sound recorders, parts, etc............. XVI 30.011 82.6 82.7 -0.1 -0.2 0.1 -0.2 0.1

Machinery and mechanical appliances;

parts thereof................................... 84 15.310 89.7 89.8 0.4 -0.4 0.2 -0.1 0.1

Electrical machinery and equip, sound and

TV recorders & reproducers, parts......... 85 14.701 76.0 76.1 -0.5 0.0 -0.1 -0.3 0.1

Vehicles, aircraft, vessels and associated

transport equipment........................... XVII 10.880 121.5 121.9 1.7 -0.1 0.2 -0.1 0.3

Motor vehicles and their parts................. 87 10.253 120.6 121.0 1.5 -0.2 0.2 0.0 0.3

Aircraft, spacecraft, and parts thereof (Dec.

2020=100)..................................... 88 0.516 108.1 108.7 5.1 0.1 0.0 -0.3 0.6

Optical, photo, measuring, medical &

musical instruments; & timepieces. . . . . . .. XVIII 4.161 108.1 108.1 2.6 0.6 0.2 0.1 0.0

Optical, photographic, measuring and

medical instruments.......................... 90 3.867 103.7 103.7 2.3 0.6 0.1 0.0 0.0

Miscellaneous manufactured articles......... XX 4.860 120.4 120.2 0.7 0.1 0.0 0.1 -0.2

Furniture & stuffed furnishings; lamps &

lighting fittings, nesoi; prefab bldgs......... 94 2.767 127.9 128.0 0.5 0.2 -0.1 0.2 0.1

Toys, games and sports equipment; parts

and accessories thereof...................... 95 1.792 106.5 106.0 -0.5 -0.2 0.3 -0.2 -0.5

Miscellaneous manufactured articles. . . . . . . .. 96 0.301 147.3 147.3 8.9 0.4 0.0 0.0 0.0

1 Relative importance figures are based on 2021 trade values.

NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication.

Dash = Not available

10
Table 6. U.S. export price indexes and percent changes for selected categories of goods: July 2022 to July

2023

[2000=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description

Harmonized

system

Relative

importance

Jun.

20231

Index Percent change

Jun.

2023

Jul.

2023

Annual Monthly

Jul.

2022 to

Jul.

2023

Mar.

2023 to

Apr.

2023

Apr.

2023 to

May

2023

May

2023 to

Jun.

2023

Jun.

2023 to

Jul.

2023

Live animals; animal products................. I 2.102 260.7 259.8 -10.1 -0.3 -0.5 -0.8 -0.3

Meat & edible meat offal (Dec. 2006=100)... 02 1.363 219.5 222.7 -3.8 1.7 1.3 0.6 1.5

Fish and crustaceans, mollusks and aquatic

invertebrates (Dec. 2022=100).............. 03 0.254 84.7 81.0 – -5.3 -0.9 -3.8 -4.4

Vegetable products............................... II 5.193 269.5 274.3 -9.7 0.6 -4.0 -2.9 1.8

Edible fruit and nuts; peel of citrus fruit or

melons.......................................... 08 0.834 137.5 132.0 -6.9 0.5 3.2 -3.8 -4.0

Cereals............................................ 10 1.879 301.4 288.9 -16.6 1.4 -6.9 -0.6 -4.1

Oilseeds and misc. grains, seeds, fruits,

plants, straw and fodder..................... 12 1.930 279.4 308.8 -5.3 -0.7 -3.8 -6.0 10.5

Prepared foodstuffs, beverages, and

tobacco........................................... IV 3.097 188.0 186.1 2.1 0.5 -0.8 0.2 -1.0

Miscellaneous edible preparations (Dec.

2017=100)..................................... 21 0.693 118.6 119.0 12.3 0.0 0.3 0.9 0.3

Beverages, spirits, and vinegar (Dec.

2008=100)..................................... 22 0.480 109.3 109.2 0.7 0.0 0.2 -0.2 -0.1

Residues and waste from the food

industries; prepared animal feed............ 23 0.785 304.3 288.8 -11.7 1.5 -3.6 -1.9 -5.1

Mineral products.................................. V 15.122 268.0 284.8 -28.4 -0.9 -10.7 -0.8 6.3

Ores, slag and ash (Dec. 2012=100)......... 26 0.500 131.3 121.6 -1.8 1.9 -5.3 -4.9 -7.4

Mineral fuels, oils and residuals, bituminous

substances and mineral waxes............. 27 14.397 255.7 273.1 -29.4 -1.0 -11.1 -0.7 6.8

Products of the chemical or allied

industries........................................ VI 13.083 163.3 160.6 -5.5 -0.2 0.2 -0.4 -1.7

Pharmaceutical products....................... 30 4.525 108.3 108.3 2.3 0.7 0.5 0.0 0.0

Essential oils and resinoids; perfumery

cosmetic or toilet preparations.............. 33 0.886 149.4 149.3 5.8 1.4 0.0 0.1 -0.1

Soap; lubricants; waxes, polishing or

scouring products; candles, pastes......... 34 0.488 138.0 139.0 2.0 0.3 0.2 0.7 0.7

Miscellaneous chemical products............. 38 2.344 192.8 192.8 2.7 0.7 0.5 0.1 0.0

Plastics and articles thereof; rubber and

articles thereof.................................. VII 4.632 158.0 156.2 -9.7 -0.4 -0.2 -0.9 -1.1

Plastics and articles thereof.................... 39 3.826 155.4 152.9 -11.5 -0.4 -0.3 -1.0 -1.6

Rubber and articles thereof.................... 40 0.805 168.5 170.0 1.0 -0.3 0.4 -0.4 0.9

Wood, wood charcoal, cork, straw, baskets

and wickerwork (Dec. 2014=100)............ IX 0.472 106.4 104.9 -24.2 -2.4 -0.5 -2.7 -1.4

Woodpulp, recovered paper, and paper

products......................................... X 1.637 137.6 140.5 -10.5 -3.3 -2.6 -4.8 2.1

Woodpulp and recovered paper (Dec.

2019=100)..................................... 47 0.421 124.2 132.8 -27.7 -12.0 -6.6 -14.8 6.9

Paper and paperboard; articles of paper

pulp, paper or paperboard................... 48 0.973 144.8 145.6 -1.7 1.4 -1.2 -1.0 0.6

Cotton, including yarns and woven fabrics

thereof.......................................... 52 0.518 159.1 154.7 -22.3 -1.9 -1.7 0.3 -2.8

Stone, plaster, cement, asbestos,

ceramics, glass etc............................ XIII 0.753 146.9 149.8 1.5 0.3 0.1 0.2 2.0

Glass and glassware (Dec. 2019=100)....... 70 0.460 111.2 114.3 2.8 0.7 0.1 0.1 2.8

Pearls, stones, precious metals, imitation

jewelry, and coins.............................. XIV 4.719 318.7 310.0 -1.6 3.2 0.3 -2.1 -2.7

Base metals and articles of base metals. . .. XV 4.564 210.1 209.3 0.0 0.0 -0.9 -1.2 -0.4

Copper and articles thereof.................... 74 0.588 257.7 258.2 6.7 1.3 -2.9 -2.2 0.2

Aluminum and articles thereof................. 76 0.688 146.1 142.1 -6.5 -1.3 -0.3 -1.2 -2.7

See footnotes at end of table.

11
Table 6. U.S. export price indexes and percent changes for selected categories of goods: July 2022 to July

2023 — Continued

[2000=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description

Harmonized

system

Relative

importance

Jun.

20231

Index Percent change

Jun.

2023

Jul.

2023

Annual Monthly

Jul.

2022 to

Jul.

2023

Mar.

2023 to

Apr.

2023

Apr.

2023 to

May

2023

May

2023 to

Jun.

2023

Jun.

2023 to

Jul.

2023

Miscellaneous articles of base metal (Dec.

2022=100)..................................... 83 0.323 101.8 103.6 – 0.1 0.2 0.1 1.8

Machinery, electrical equipment, TV image

and sound recorders, parts, etc............. XVI 26.300 106.6 106.6 1.9 0.2 0.0 0.2 0.0

Machinery and mechanical appliances;

parts thereof................................... 84 15.300 130.5 130.4 3.7 0.6 0.0 0.8 -0.1

Electrical machinery and equipment and

parts and accessories thereof............... 85 10.999 81.7 81.6 -0.6 -0.2 -0.1 -0.5 -0.1

Vehicles, aircraft, vessels and associated

transport equipment........................... XVII 9.195 150.2 150.6 2.1 -0.2 0.1 0.1 0.3

Motor vehicles and their parts................. 87 6.922 124.8 125.2 0.9 -0.4 0.1 0.0 0.3

Optical, photo, measuring, medical &

musical instruments; & timepieces. . . . . . .. XVIII 5.696 117.5 118.3 3.2 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.7

Miscellaneous manufactured articles......... XX 1.232 136.7 135.9 3.0 0.4 0.0 0.0 -0.6

Furniture; stuffed furnishings; lamps and

lighting fittings nesoi.......................... 94 0.589 149.9 148.7 -1.2 0.8 0.0 0.0 -0.8

Toys, games and sports equipment; parts

and accessories thereof...................... 95 0.497 118.2 117.7 9.9 0.1 0.3 0.0 -0.4

1 Relative importance figures are based on 2021 trade values.

NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication.

Dash = Not available

12
Table 7. U.S. import price indexes and percent changes by locality of origin: July 2022 to July 2023

[2000=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description

Relative

importance

Jun.

20231

Index Percent change

Jun.

2023

Jul.

2023

Annual Monthly

Jul.

2022 to

Jul.

2023

Mar.

2023 to

Apr.

2023

Apr.

2023 to

May

2023

May

2023 to

Jun.

2023

Jun.

2023 to

Jul.

2023

Industrialized Countries2

.................... 100.000 144.4 145.7 -5.2 0.9 -0.4 -0.2 0.9

Nonmanufacturing........................... 10.688 239.5 255.1 -25.6 6.3 -4.2 0.6 6.5

Manufacturing................................ 88.808 136.6 136.9 -1.6 0.3 0.1 -0.3 0.2

Canada.......................................... 100.000 170.5 175.6 -15.1 0.9 -1.9 -0.1 3.0

Nonmanufacturing........................... 30.473 235.1 250.8 -26.8 6.5 -4.5 0.7 6.7

Manufacturing................................ 68.632 157.0 159.1 -8.2 -1.4 -0.6 -0.3 1.3

European Union............................... 100.000 155.5 155.8 0.7 0.5 0.3 -0.2 0.2

Manufacturing................................ 99.233 151.3 151.5 1.0 0.4 0.3 -0.1 0.1

France (Dec. 2003=100)...................... 100.000 151.8 151.7 6.2 3.0 0.4 0.4 -0.1

Germany (Dec. 2003=100)................... 100.000 124.8 124.6 -0.2 -0.1 0.3 -0.4 -0.2

United Kingdom (Dec. 2003=100).......... 100.000 135.1 135.9 -1.3 1.8 -0.7 -0.6 0.6

Latin America3

................................. 100.000 168.9 170.7 -1.8 0.5 -0.6 0.1 1.1

Nonmanufacturing........................... 13.459 308.9 328.3 -13.4 3.5 -3.1 0.2 6.3

Manufacturing................................ 86.305 137.6 137.9 0.9 -0.1 -0.1 0.1 0.2

Mexico (Dec. 2003=100)...................... 100.000 143.1 146.6 1.6 0.8 -0.1 0.4 2.4

Nonmanufacturing (Dec. 2008=100). . . . .. 8.400 158.9 196.3 0.3 4.9 -0.4 2.6 23.5

Manufacturing (Dec. 2008=100)........... 91.368 98.4 98.8 2.3 0.3 0.1 0.2 0.4

Pacific Rim (Dec. 2003=100)4............... 100.000 102.9 102.8 -2.0 -0.3 -0.1 -0.3 -0.1

China (Dec. 2003=100)....................... 100.000 102.0 101.8 -2.3 -0.4 -0.3 -0.4 -0.2

Japan............................................ 100.000 100.8 101.1 1.0 0.4 -0.2 0.0 0.3

Taiwan (Dec. 2018=100)...................... 100.000 109.9 109.6 -2.5 -0.5 -0.5 -0.1 -0.3

Asian NICs5

..................................... 100.000 95.5 95.3 -4.9 -0.8 -0.7 0.3 -0.2

ASEAN (Dec. 2003=100)6

.................... 100.000 102.2 102.1 -2.5 0.0 -0.7 -0.4 -0.1

Asia Near East (Dec. 2003=100)7

........... 100.000 209.4 212.0 -18.7 1.6 -4.2 -0.6 1.2

1 Relative importance figures are based on 2021 trade values.

2 Western Europe, Canada, Japan, Australia, New Zealand, and South Africa.

3 Mexico, Central America, South America, and the Caribbean.

4 China, Japan, Australia, Brunei, Indonesia, Macao, Malaysia, New Zealand, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, and the Asian Newly Industrialized

Countries.

5 Asian Newly Industrialized Countries - Hong Kong, Singapore, South Korea, and Taiwan.

6 Association of Southeast Asian Nations - Brunei, Cambodia, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, Philippines, Singapore, Thailand, and Vietnam.

7 Bahrain, Iran, Iraq, Israel, Jordan, Kuwait, Lebanon, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Syria, United Arab Emirates, and Yemen.

NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication.

Regions are not mutually exclusive.

Dash = Not available

13
Table 8. U.S. export price indexes and percent changes by locality of destination: July 2022 to July 2023

[December 2017=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description

Relative

importance

Jun.

20231

Index Percent change

Jun.

2023

Jul.

2023

Annual Monthly

Jul.

2022 to

Jul.

2023

Mar.

2023 to

Apr.

2023

Apr.

2023 to

May

2023

May

2023 to

Jun.

2023

Jun.

2023 to

Jul.

2023

Industrialized Countries2

.................... 100.000 118.3 119.5 -3.9 0.1 -1.8 -0.3 1.0

Nonmanufacturing........................... 11.750 127.8 139.5 -18.8 0.1 -9.4 -2.4 9.2

Manufacturing................................ 86.391 117.5 117.5 -0.8 0.0 -0.8 0.1 0.0

Canada.......................................... 100.000 126.7 128.0 -1.8 -0.4 -1.6 0.0 1.0

Nonmanufacturing (Dec. 2020=100). . . . .. 7.240 125.7 132.8 -22.3 1.3 -5.4 -2.1 5.6

Manufacturing (Dec. 2020=100)........... 91.020 119.1 119.9 0.4 -0.7 -1.4 0.3 0.7

European Union............................... 100.000 116.2 117.3 -4.4 1.1 -1.6 -0.5 0.9

Nonmanufacturing........................... 14.756 129.6 138.2 -17.3 4.7 -8.8 -2.5 6.6

Manufacturing................................ 83.400 113.5 113.6 -1.1 0.4 -0.4 0.0 0.1

Germany........................................ 100.000 115.8 117.0 2.0 1.1 -0.3 -0.6 1.0

Latin America3

................................. 100.000 121.2 121.9 -14.3 -0.6 -3.3 -0.2 0.6

Nonmanufacturing........................... 8.834 132.1 139.7 -34.8 -3.7 -7.5 -1.6 5.8

Manufacturing................................ 90.531 120.7 120.7 -11.4 -0.3 -2.9 0.0 0.0

Mexico........................................... 100.000 122.1 123.0 -11.5 -0.3 -2.2 -0.3 0.7

Nonmanufacturing........................... 7.459 111.8 123.1 -38.5 -5.9 -6.5 -3.2 10.1

Manufacturing................................ 91.911 123.9 123.9 -8.0 0.1 -1.7 -0.2 0.0

Pacific Rim4.................................... 100.000 112.7 114.0 -6.8 0.3 -2.1 -1.1 1.2

Nonmanufacturing........................... 20.474 116.1 125.8 -18.5 1.5 -8.1 -4.2 8.4

Manufacturing................................ 78.356 113.5 112.8 -1.9 -0.1 -0.4 -0.2 -0.6

China............................................ 100.000 107.9 109.5 -8.8 -0.2 -2.1 -1.6 1.5

Nonmanufacturing........................... 27.241 107.7 114.3 -19.6 1.3 -6.4 -4.0 6.1

Manufacturing................................ 71.668 110.4 110.2 -2.7 -0.7 -0.4 -0.6 -0.2

Japan............................................ 100.000 111.7 112.0 -11.2 -0.7 -3.1 -1.2 0.3

Nonmanufacturing........................... 23.861 119.5 124.2 -28.5 -1.0 -11.8 -3.9 3.9

Manufacturing................................ 74.938 109.7 109.0 -1.9 -0.5 0.0 -0.1 -0.6

1 Relative importance figures are based on 2021 trade values.

2 Western Europe, Canada, Japan, Australia, New Zealand, and South Africa.

3 Mexico, Central America, South America, and the Caribbean.

4 China, Japan, Australia, Brunei, Indonesia, Macao, Malaysia, New Zealand, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, and the Asian Newly Industrialized

Countries.

NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication.

Regions are not mutually exclusive.

Dash = Not available

14
Table 9. U.S. terms of trade indexes and percent changes by locality: July 2022 to July 20231

[December 2017=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description

Index Percent change

Jun.

2023

Jul.

2023

Annual Monthly

Jul.

2022 to

Jul.

2023

Mar.

2023 to

Apr.

2023

Apr.

2023 to

May

2023

May

2023 to

Jun.

2023

Jun.

2023 to

Jul.

2023

Industrialized Countries2

............................ 100.3 100.4 1.4 -0.9 -1.4 -0.1 0.1

Canada.................................................. 97.6 95.8 15.7 -1.3 0.2 0.1 -1.8

European Union...................................... 100.6 101.3 -5.1 0.7 -1.9 -0.3 0.7

Germany................................................ 106.8 108.1 2.3 1.1 -0.6 -0.2 1.2

Latin America3

........................................ 106.8 106.3 -12.7 -1.0 -2.7 -0.4 -0.5

Mexico.................................................. 110.1 108.2 -13.0 -1.0 -2.1 -0.7 -1.7

Pacific Rim4............................................ 107.8 109.1 -4.9 0.6 -2.1 -0.8 1.2

China.................................................... 105.9 107.7 -6.7 0.3 -1.9 -1.2 1.7

Japan.................................................... 105.8 105.8 -12.1 -1.0 -2.9 -1.2 0.0

1 Terms of trade indexes are derived by dividing the export price index by the corresponding import price index and multiplying by 100.

2 Western Europe, Canada, Japan, Australia, New Zealand, and South Africa.

3 Mexico, Central America, South America, and the Caribbean.

4 China, Japan, Australia, Brunei, Indonesia, Macao, Malaysia, New Zealand, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, and the Asian Newly Industrialized

Countries.

NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication.

Regions are not mutually exclusive.

Dash = Not available

15
Table 10. U.S. international price indexes and percent changes for selected transportation services: July 2022

to July 2023

[2000=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description

Relative

importance

Jun.

20231

Index Percent change

Jun.

2023

Jul.

2023

Annual Monthly

Jul.

2022 to

Jul.

2023

Mar.

2023 to

Apr.

2023

Apr.

2023 to

May

2023

May

2023 to

Jun.

2023

Jun.

2023 to

Jul.

2023

Air Freight

Import Air Freight.................................... 100.000 240.9 244.1 -22.4 2.8 -5.2 6.1 1.3

Europe (Dec. 2003=100).......................... 27.536 217.3 187.8 -29.8 -14.6 -2.7 1.5 -13.6

Asia.................................................. 71.999 231.1 250.3 -19.3 12.0 -5.6 7.5 8.3

Export Air Freight................................... 100.000 173.1 174.8 -16.4 -1.2 -3.8 -3.8 1.0

Europe (Dec. 2006=100).......................... 25.640 137.6 144.2 -18.1 -2.8 -4.8 -0.3 4.8

Asia (Dec. 2011=100).............................. 51.871 133.1 135.5 -16.0 -1.0 -4.3 -5.3 1.8

Inbound Air Freight................................. 100.000 167.6 167.6 -30.4 -1.0 -3.7 2.4 0.0

Europe (Dec. 2003=100).......................... 29.705 160.0 148.1 -20.0 -10.8 -1.1 1.4 -7.4

Asia.................................................. 58.581 150.4 159.6 -35.1 4.5 -3.3 2.2 6.1

Outbound Air Freight............................... 100.000 178.7 167.1 -23.1 -6.0 -4.9 2.1 -6.5

Europe (Dec. 2003=100).......................... 28.279 169.0 175.2 -16.0 -7.7 -3.1 -0.1 3.7

Asia.................................................. 54.963 197.1 170.9 -27.7 -5.7 -7.1 4.4 -13.3

Air Passenger Fares

Import Air Passenger Fares....................... 100.000 202.9 184.2 -3.5 -5.4 8.0 10.0 -9.2

Europe............................................... 48.198 241.9 215.3 3.8 -2.3 14.5 11.6 -11.0

Asia.................................................. 5.753 199.0 186.2 -13.6 3.6 6.3 7.6 -6.4

Latin America/Caribbean.......................... 14.430 161.0 158.3 -3.9 -5.7 -9.5 6.3 -1.7

Export Air Passenger Fares....................... 100.000 198.0 206.3 0.2 0.6 -5.5 9.3 4.2

Europe............................................... 22.741 262.9 271.0 8.6 -1.9 5.8 17.8 3.1

Asia.................................................. 11.888 214.8 223.2 3.6 8.1 3.7 6.7 3.9

Latin America/Caribbean.......................... 52.370 193.4 201.7 -2.3 1.6 -13.0 7.6 4.3

1 Relative importance figures are based on 2021 trade values.

NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication.

Dash = Not available

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TECHNICAL NOTE

Import and Export Goods and Services Price Indexes - All indexes use a modified Laspeyres 

formula and are not seasonally adjusted. Price indexes are reweighted annually, with a 2-year lag in the 

weights. Published series use a base year of 2000=100 where possible. More detailed index series and 

additional information may be obtained at www.bls.gov/mxp or by calling (202) 691-7101. 

Merchandise Goods Classification Systems - The merchandise price indexes are published using three 

classification systems. Items are classified by end use according to the Bureau of Economic Analysis 

Classification System, by industry according to the North American Industry Classification System 

(NAICS), and by product category according to the Harmonized System (HS). While classification by 

end use and product category are self-explanatory, some notes are in order for classifying items by 

industry. In the NAICS imports and exports tables, items are classified by output industry, not input 

industry. As an example, NAICS import index 326 (plastics and rubber products manufacturing) 

includes outputs such as manufactured plastic rather than inputs such as petroleum. The NAICS 

classification structure also matches the classification system used by the Producer Price Index (PPI) to 

produce the NAICS primary products indexes.

Import Price Goods Indexes - Items are classified by the Harmonized Tariff Schedule of the United 

States Annotated (TSUSA). Import prices are based on U.S. dollar prices paid by the U.S. importer. The 

prices are generally either "free on board" (f.o.b.) foreign port or "cost, insurance, and freight" (c.i.f.) 

U.S. port transaction prices, depending on the practices of the individual industry. The index for crude 

petroleum is calculated from data collected by the U.S. Department of Energy. 

Export Price Goods Indexes - Items are classified by the Harmonized Schedule B classification system 

of the U.S. Bureau of the Census. The prices used are generally either "free alongside ship" (f.a.s.) 

factory or "free on board" (f.o.b.) transaction prices, depending on the practices of the individual 

industry. Prices used in the grain index, excluding rice, are obtained from the U.S. Department of 

Agriculture. 

Services Price Indexes - Indexes for import and export air passenger fares calculate changes in the 

average revenue received per passenger by foreign carriers from U.S. residents and by U.S. carriers from 

foreign residents, respectively. Data are obtained from an airline consulting service and report on tickets 

sold by travel agencies, travel websites, and directly by the airlines. Taxes and fees are included in both 

the import and export air passenger fares indexes. Import air passenger fares data have used the airline 

consulting service source since September 2008. Before April 2018, the export air passenger fares data 

were collected directly by BLS from U.S. airlines. The air freight indexes are calculated from data 

collected directly from airlines. These data exclude mail and passenger baggage. The scope of the 

service being priced is the movement of freight from airport to airport only, and does not include any 

ground transportation or port service. The air freight indexes are presented using two definitions: 

balance of payments (which represents transactions between U.S. and foreign residents) and 

international (which represents transactions inbound to and outbound from the United States.) Fact 

sheets specifying detailed information for each services industry are available at www.bls.gov/mxp 

under "MXP Publications." 
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Import Price Indexes by Locality of Origin - Prices used in these indexes are a subset of the data 

collected for the import price indexes. The indexes are specific to a country, region, or grouping and, 

beginning with January 2002, are based on the North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 

covering goods-producing industries. Nonmanufactured goods are defined as NAICS 11 and 21, and 

manufactured goods are defined as NAICS 31-33. 

Export Price Indexes by Locality of Destination - Prices used in these indexes are a subset of the data 

collected for the export price indexes. The indexes are specific to a country, region, or grouping and are 

based on the North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) covering goods-producing 

industries. Nonmanufactured goods are defined as NAICS 11 and 21, and manufactured goods are 

defined as NAICS 31-33. 

Terms of Trade Indexes - Terms of trade indexes measure the relative price of exports in terms of 

import prices for a specific country, region, or grouping. The indexes are calculated as one country, 

region, or grouping’s all-export goods price index divided by the corresponding all-import goods price 

index on a scale of 100. 

 

Relative Importance - A relative importance is a specific index’s price-updated value share (expressed 

as a percentage) of overall imports or exports at a specific point in time. Relative importance values are 

affected by the trade weights at the point indexes are reweighted and index changes relative to other 

indexes since the reweight point. If an index is rising in value relative to other indexes over time, the 

relative importance will increase as well. 

Revision Policy - To reflect the availability of late reports and corrections by respondents, monthly data 

may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication. After 3 months, no further data 

revisions take place. For example, data first published in the January release will be subject to revision 

in the releases for February, March, and April. 

Rounding Policy - Index values are rounded to the tenth decimal place after being calculated. All 

percent changes are then derived from the rounded index values and subsequently rounded to the tenth 

decimal place. 

Uses of the Data - The primary use of the indexes is to deflate trade statistics, notably the foreign trade 

sector of the National Income and Product Accounts (NIPA) constructed by the Department of 

Commerce. Other published indexes are useful for general market analysis. For trade in international 

services, balance of payments indexes are used for deflating NIPA, while international indexes are more 

appropriate for market analysis. 

Email Subscription - The U.S. import and export price indexes news release is available through an 

email subscription service at https://subscriptions.bls.gov/accounts/USDOLBLS/subscriber/new. 

 

Additional Information - More detailed data are available on the Import/Export Price Indexes home 

page at www.bls.gov/mxp. For import and export price indexes data requests, send an email to 

mxpinfo@bls.gov. 

If you are deaf, hard of hearing, or have a speech disability, please dial 7-1-1 to access 

telecommunications relay services.