Internet address:  http://stats.bls.gov:80/newsrels.htm
Technical information:                  USDL 97-251
   Household data: (202) 606-6378
                                        Transmission of material in this
                                        release is embargoed until
   Establishment data:   606-6555       8:30 A.M. (EDT),
Media contact:           606-5902       Friday, August 1, 1997.


                   THE EMPLOYMENT SITUATION:  JULY 1997
                                     
   
   Employment rose, and the unemployment rate edged down to 4.8 percent in
July, the Bureau of Labor Statistics of the U.S. Department of Labor
reported today.  The jobless rate had risen from 4.8 percent in May to 5.0
percent in June.  The number of payroll jobs increased by 316,000 in July,
with widespread gains in the service-producing sector of the economy.
Average weekly hours declined, and average hourly earnings were unchanged
over the month.
   
Unemployment (Household Survey Data)
   
   The number of unemployed persons, 6.6 million, and the unemployment
rate, 4.8 percent, edged down in July.  Among the major worker groups, the
rate for black workers declined to 9.4 percent.  Rates for adult women (4.2
percent), adult men (4.0 percent), teenagers (16.4 percent), whites (4.2
percent), and Hispanics (7.9 percent) showed little or no change from June.
(See tables A-1 and A-2.)
   
   The number of persons unemployed for less than 15 weeks declined, with
most of the drop occurring among those unemployed for less than 5 weeks.
The number of persons unemployed for longer periods was little changed.  As
a result, both the mean and median duration of unemployment increased--to
16.6 and 8.5 weeks, respectively.  A decline in the number of persons
unemployed in July because they had lost their last jobs offset an increase
of similar size in June. (See tables A-5 and A-6.)
   
Total Employment and the Labor Force (Household Survey Data)
   
   Total employment rose in July, to a seasonally adjusted level of 129.7
million.  Since July 1996, employment has increased by 2.5 million, after
adjusting for the change in the population controls made in January.  The
proportion of the population with jobs (the employment-to-population ratio)
was 63.8 percent in July; it has been at or near that level for 5 months.
(See table A-1.)
   
   About 8.1 million persons, not seasonally adjusted, held more than one
job in July, up from 7.6 million a year earlier.  These multiple jobholders
accounted for 6.1 percent of all workers, compared with 5.9 percent in July
1996.  (See table A-9.)
   
   Both the civilian labor force, 136.3 million, and the labor force
participation rate, 67.1 percent, were about unchanged in July and have
shown little movement since March.  (See table A-1.)
   
                                  - 2 -

Table A.  Major indicators of labor market activity, seasonally adjusted
(Numbers in thousands)
___________________________________________________________________________
                      |   Quarterly     |       Monthly data       |
                      |   averages      |                          |
                      |_________________|__________________________|June-
      Category        |      19971/     |          19971/          |July
                      |_________________|__________________________|change
                      |   I    |   II   |  May.  |  June  |  July  |
______________________|________|________|________|________|________|_______
    HOUSEHOLD DATA    |                 Labor force status
                      |____________________________________________________
Civilian labor force..| 135,934| 136,157| 136,173| 136,200| 136,290|     90
  Employment..........| 128,728| 129,462| 129,639| 129,364| 129,708|    344
  Unemployment........|   7,206|   6,695|   6,534|   6,836|   6,583|   -253
Not in labor force....|  66,462|  66,678|  66,659|  66,800|  66,876|     76
                      |________|________|________|________|________|_______
                      |                 Unemployment rates
                      |____________________________________________________
All workers...........|     5.3|     4.9|     4.8|     5.0|     4.8|   -0.2
  Adult men...........|     4.5|     4.1|     3.8|     4.2|     4.0|    -.2
  Adult women.........|     4.7|     4.4|     4.5|     4.4|     4.2|    -.2
  Teenagers...........|    17.0|    15.9|    15.6|    16.8|    16.4|    -.4
  White...............|     4.5|     4.1|     4.0|     4.2|     4.2|     .0
  Black...............|    10.9|    10.2|    10.3|    10.4|     9.4|   -1.0
  Hispanic origin.....|     8.3|     7.7|     7.4|     7.6|     7.9|     .3
                       ________|________|________|________|________|_______
 ESTABLISHMENT DATA   |                     Employment
                      |____________________________________________________
Nonfarm employment....| 121,138|p121,856| 121,834|p122,062|p122,378|   p316
  Goods-producing 2/..|  24,635| p24,696|  24,702| p24,720| p24,716|    p-4
    Construction......|   5,585|  p5,617|   5,628|  p5,624|  p5,627|     p3
    Manufacturing.....|  18,476| p18,504|  18,498| p18,520| p18,515|    p-5
  Service-producing 2/|  96,504| p97,159|  97,132| p97,342| p97,662|   p320
    Retail trade......|  21,928| p22,044|  22,026| p22,077| p22,142|    p65
    Services..........|  35,086| p35,435|  35,451| p35,521| p35,634|   p113
    Government........|  19,540| p19,595|  19,565| p19,642| p19,698|    p56
                      |________|________|________|________|________|_______
                      |                  Hours of work 3/
                      |____________________________________________________
Total private.........|    34.7|   p34.6|    34.5|   p34.7|   p34.4|  p-0.3
  Manufacturing.......|    41.9|   p42.0|    42.0|   p41.8|   p41.7|   p-.1
    Overtime..........|     4.8|    p4.8|     4.8|    p4.7|    p4.6|   p-.1
                      |________|________|________|________|________|_______
                      |                     Earnings 3/
                      |____________________________________________________
Avg. hourly earnings, |        |        |        |        |        |
  total private.......|  $12.10| p$12.19|  $12.19| p$12.23| p$12.23| p$0.00
Avg. weekly earnings, |        |        |        |        |        |
  total private.......|  419.36| p421.26|  420.56| p424.38| p420.71| p-3.67
______________________|________|________|________|________|________|_______
    1/ Beginning in January 1997, household data reflect revised population
controls used in the survey.
    2/ Includes other industries, not shown separately.
    3/ Data relate to private production or nonsupervisory workers.
    p=preliminary.
   
                                  - 3 -

Persons Not in the Labor Force (Household Survey Data)
   
   About 1.3 million persons (not seasonally adjusted) were marginally
attached to the labor force in July--that is, they wanted and were
available for work and had looked for jobs sometime in the prior 12 months.
   
   The number of discouraged workers--a subset of the marginally attached
who were not currently looking for jobs specifically because they believed
no jobs were available for them or there were none for which they would
qualify--was 311,000 in July, down from 423,000 a year earlier.  (See
table A-9.)
   
Industry Payroll Employment (Establishment Data)

     Nonfarm payroll employment rose by 316,000 to 122.4 million in July,
after seasonal adjustment.  Job gains had averaged 234,000 per month for
the first 6 months of this year.  Although gains were strong throughout
most of the service-producing sector, employment was flat in the goods-
producing sector.  (See table B-1.)

     Employment in services rose by 113,000 in July, about in line with the
average monthly increases (106,000) during the first half of this year.
Health services resumed its pattern of brisk hiring (31,000), after a small
decline in June.  Engineering and management services and computer and data
processing services continued to show strength, generating job gains of
26,000 and 12,000, respectively.  Stronger-than-usual summer hiring in
membership organizations resulted in a large job gain in July (9,000).

     Retail trade experienced a substantial increase in employment in July
(65,000), the second large gain in a row.  Roughly half of the July job
gain occurred in eating and drinking places, as was the case in June.  Food
stores added 21,000 jobs in July, following relatively weak job growth in
the first half of this year.

     Government employment increased by 56,000 over the month.  For the
second month in a row, there was a large gain in local government education
(48,000 in July).  Changing seasonal patterns in hiring by local school
systems make it difficult to seasonally adjust these data with precision.
Federal government employment was little changed in July.

     Within transportation and public utilities, trucking (12,000), air
transportation (7,000), and communications (6,000) all showed employment
increases, following little or no change in June.  Employment in public
utilities was about unchanged in July, but has declined by nearly 100,000
since November 1991.  Finance, insurance, and real estate each showed
substantial job gains in July.  Insurance continued its recent growth
spurt, adding 16,000 jobs since March.  Wholesale trade employment rose
sharply in July (29,000); durable goods distribution continued a strong
growth trend, while the gain in nondurables reversed losses of 6,000 jobs
in the prior 2 months.

     Construction employment was little changed for the second month in a
row.  So far this year, construction has gained an average of 15,000 jobs a
month, compared with 24,000 a month in 1996.
     
     Manufacturing employment was little changed in July, following an
increase of 22,000 in June.  Gains in several durable goods industries in
July were offset by widespread losses in nondurable goods.  Strength in
durables was again concentrated in industrial machinery (5,000), electronic

                                  - 4 -

components (4,000), and aircraft (4,000).  Within nondurable goods, food
products experienced the largest decline (8,000).  Printing and publishing
lost 3,000 of the 17,000 jobs it had added since February.

Weekly Hours (Establishment Survey Data)

     The average workweek for production or nonsupervisory workers on
private nonfarm payrolls declined by 0.3 hour in July to 34.4 hours,
seasonally adjusted.  The manufacturing workweek and factory overtime both
fell slightly, to 41.7 and 4.6 hours, respectively.  (See table B-2.)

     As a result of the decline in the average workweek, the index of
aggregate weekly hours of private production or nonsupervisory workers on
nonfarm payrolls declined by 0.5 percent, to 139.9 (1982=100), seasonally
adjusted.  (See table B-5.)

Hourly and Weekly Earnings (Establishment Survey Data)

     Average hourly earnings of private production or nonsupervisory
workers on nonfarm payrolls were unchanged at $12.23, seasonally adjusted,
following a gain of 4 cents in June.  Average weekly earnings declined by
0.9 percent in July to $420.71, reflecting the decline in average weekly
hours.  Over the past year, average hourly earnings have risen by 3.6
percent while average weekly earnings were up by 3.9 percent.  (See
table B-3.)
   
                 ________________________________________
   
   The Employment Situation for August 1997 is scheduled to be released on
Friday, September 5, at 8:30 A.M. (EDT).

  -----------------------------------------------------------------
 |                 Changes in Household Data Series                |
 |                                                                 |
 |   Effective with the release of data for December 1997 in       |
 |January 1998, improvements will be introduced into the composite |
 |estimation procedures used in the Current Population Survey.     |
 |These changes will simplify processing of the monthly labor force|
 |data at BLS and will allow users of the survey microdata to      |
 |replicate the official estimates released by BLS.  In addition,  |
 |there will be a slight decrease in the variance of some major    |
 |estimates, particularly employment levels and the over-the-month |
 |change in those levels.  The new procedures will produce somewhat|
 |lower estimates of the civilian labor force and employment.  Data|
 |will be revised back to January 1997 to facilitate over-the-year |
 |comparisons between 1997 and 1998.                               |
  -----------------------------------------------------------------
                                  - 5 -

Explanatory Note


 This news release presents statistics from two major surveys, the Current
Population Survey (household survey) and the Current Employment Statistics
survey (establishment survey).  The household survey provides the
information on the labor force, employment, and unemployment that appears
in the A tables, marked HOUSEHOLD DATA.  It is a sample survey of about
50,000 households  conducted by the Bureau of the Census  for the Bureau of
Labor Statistics (BLS).
 
 The establishment survey provides the information on the employment,
hours, and earnings of workers on nonfarm payrolls that appears in the B
tables, marked ESTABLISHMENT DATA.  This information is collected from
payroll records by BLS in cooperation with State agencies.  In June 1997,
the sample included about 390,000 establishments employing about 48 million
people.
 
 For both surveys, the data for a given month  relate to a particular week
or pay period.  In the household survey,  the reference week is generally
the calendar week that contains the 12th day of the month.  In the
establishment survey, the reference  period is the pay period including the
12th, which may or may not correspond directly to the calendar week.

Coverage, definitions, and differences between surveys
 
 Household survey.  The sample  is selected  to reflect the entire
civilian noninstitutional population.  Based on responses to a series of
questions on work and job search activities, each person  16 years and over
in a sample household is classified as employed, unemployed, or not in the
labor force.
 
 People are classified as employed if they did any work at all as paid
employees during the reference week; worked in their own business,
profession, or on their own farm; or worked without pay at least 15 hours
in a family business or farm.  People are also counted as employed if they
were  temporarily absent from their jobs because of illness, bad weather,
vacation, labor-management disputes, or personal reasons.
 
 People are classified as unemployed if they meet all of the following
criteria:  They had no employment during the  reference week; they were
available for work at that time; and they made specific efforts to find
employment sometime during the 4-week period ending with the reference
week.  Persons laid off from  a job and expecting recall   need not be
looking for work to be counted as unemployed.  The unemployment data
derived from the household survey in no way depend upon the eligibility for
or receipt of unemployment insurance benefits.
 
 The civilian labor force  is the sum of  employed and  unemployed
persons.  Those not classified as employed or unemployed are not in the
labor force.  The unemployment rate is the number unemployed as a percent
of the  labor force.  The labor force participation rate is the labor force
as a percent of the population, and the employment-population ratio is the
employed as a percent of the population.
 
 Establishment survey.  The sample establishments are drawn from private
nonfarm businesses such as factories, offices, and stores, as well as
Federal, State, and local government entities.  Employees on nonfarm
payrolls are those who received pay for any part of the reference pay
period, including persons on paid leave.  Persons are counted in each job
they hold.  Hours and earnings data are for private businesses and relate
only to production workers in the goods-producing sector and nonsupervisory
workers in the service-producing sector.

                                  - 6 -
 
 Differences in employment estimates.  The numerous conceptual and
methodological differences between the household and establishment surveys
result in important distinctions in the employment estimates derived from
the surveys.  Among these are:
 
 --The household survey includes agricultural workers, the self-employed,
unpaid family workers, and private household workers among the employed.
These groups are excluded from the establishment survey.

 --The household survey includes people on unpaid leave among the
employed. The establishment survey does not.
 
 --The household survey is limited to  workers 16 years of age and older.
The establishment survey is not limited by age.
 
 --The  household survey has no duplication of individuals, because
individuals  are counted only once, even if they hold more than one job. In
the establishment survey, employees working at more than one job  and thus
appearing on more than one payroll would be counted separately for each
appearance.
 
 Other differences between the two surveys are described in   "Comparing
Employment Estimates from Household and Payroll Surveys," which may be
obtained from BLS upon request.

Seasonal adjustment
 
 Over the course of a year, the size of the nation's labor force and the
levels of employment and unemployment undergo sharp fluctuations due to
such seasonal events as changes in weather, reduced or expanded production,
harvests, major holidays, and the opening and closing of schools.  The
effect of such seasonal  variation can  be  very large; seasonal
fluctuations may account for as much as 95 percent of the month-to-month
changes in unemployment.
 
 Because these seasonal events follow a more or less regular pattern each
year, their influence on statistical trends can be eliminated by adjusting
the statistics from month to month.  These adjustments make nonseasonal
developments, such as declines in economic activity or increases in the
participation of women in the labor force, easier to spot.  For example,
the large number of youth entering the labor force each June is likely to
obscure any other changes that have taken place relative to May, making it
difficult to determine if the level of economic activity has risen or
declined.  However, because the effect of students finishing school in
previous years is known, the statistics for the current year can be
adjusted to allow for a comparable change.  Insofar as the seasonal
adjustment is made correctly, the adjusted figure provides a more useful
tool with which to analyze changes in economic activity.
 
 In both the household and establishment surveys, most seasonally adjusted
series are independently adjusted.  However, the adjusted series for many
major estimates, such as total payroll employment, employment in most major
industry divisions, total employment, and unemployment are computed by
aggregating independently adjusted component series.  For example, total
unemployment is derived by summing the adjusted series for four major age-
sex components; this differs from the unemployment estimate that would be
obtained by directly adjusting the total or by combining the duration,
reasons, or more detailed age categories.
 
 The numerical factors used to make the seasonal adjustments are
recalculated twice a year.  For the household survey, the factors are
calculated for the January-June period and again for the July-December

                                  - 7 -

period.  For the establishment survey, updated factors for seasonal
adjustment are calculated for the May-October period and introduced along
with new benchmarks, and again for the November-April period.  In both
surveys, revisions to historical data are made once a year.

Reliability of the estimates
 
 Statistics based on the household and establishment surveys are subject
to both sampling and nonsampling error.  When a sample rather than the
entire population is surveyed, there is a chance that the sample estimates
may differ from the "true" population values they represent.  The exact
difference, or sampling error, varies depending on the particular sample
selected, and this variability is measured by the standard error of the
estimate.  There is about a 90-percent chance, or level of confidence, that
an estimate based on a sample will differ by no more than 1.6 standard
errors from the "true" population value because of sampling error.  BLS
analyses are generally conducted at the 90-percent level of confidence.
 
 For example, the confidence interval for the monthly change in total
employment from the household survey is on the order of plus or minus
376,000.  Suppose the estimate of total employment increases by 100,000
from one month to the next.  The 90-percent confidence interval on the
monthly change would range from -276,000 to 476,000 (100,000 +/- 376,000).
These figures do not mean that the sample results are off by these
magnitudes, but rather that there is about a 90-percent chance that the
"true" over-the-month change lies within this interval.  Since this range
includes values of less than zero, we could not say with confidence that
employment had, in fact, increased.  If, however, the reported employment
rise was half a million, then all of the values within the 90-percent
confidence interval would be greater than zero.  In this case, it is likely
(at least a 90-percent chance) that an employment rise had, in fact,
occurred.  The 90-percent confidence interval for the monthly change in
unemployment is +/- 258,000, and for the monthly change in the unemployment
rate it is +/- .21 percentage point.
 
 In general, estimates involving many individuals or establishments have
lower standard errors (relative to the size of the estimate) than estimates
which are based on a small number of observations.  The precision of
estimates is also improved when the data are cumulated over time such as
for quarterly and annual averages.  The seasonal adjustment process can
also improve the stability of the monthly estimates.
 
 The household and establishment surveys are also affected by nonsampling
error.  Nonsampling errors can occur for many reasons, including the
failure to sample a segment of the population, inability to obtain
information for all respondents in the sample, inability or unwillingness
of respondents to provide correct information on a timely basis, mistakes
made by respondents, and errors made in the collection or processing of the
data.
 
 For example, in the establishment survey, estimates for the most recent 2
months are based on substantially incomplete returns; for this reason,
these estimates are labeled preliminary in the tables.  It is only after
two successive revisions to a monthly estimate, when nearly all sample
reports have been received, that the estimate is considered final.
 
 Another major source of nonsampling error in the establishment survey is
the inability to capture, on a timely basis, employment generated by new
firms.  To correct for this systematic underestimation of employment growth
(and other sources of error), a process known as bias adjustment is
included in the survey's estimating procedures, whereby a specified number
of jobs is added to the monthly sample-based change.  The size of the

                                  - 8 -

monthly bias adjustment is based largely on past relationships between the
sample-based estimates of employment and the total counts of employment
described below.
 
 The sample-based estimates from the establishment survey are adjusted
once a year (on a lagged basis) to universe counts of payroll employment
obtained from administrative records of the unemployment insurance program.
The difference between the March sample-based employment estimates and the
March universe counts is known as a benchmark revision, and serves as a
rough proxy for total survey error.  The new benchmarks also incorporate
changes in the classification of industries.  Over the past decade, the
benchmark revision for total nonfarm employment has averaged 0.2 percent,
ranging from zero to 0.6 percent.

Additional statistics and other information
 
 More comprehensive statistics are contained in Employment and Earnings,
published each month by BLS.  It is available for $17.00 per issue or
$35.00 per year from the U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC
20402.  All orders must be prepaid by sending a check or money order
payable to the Superintendent of Documents, or by charging to Mastercard or
Visa.
 
 Employment and Earnings also provides measures of sampling error for the
household survey data published in this release.  For unemployment and
other labor force categories, these measures appear in tables 1-B through
1-H of its "Explanatory Notes."  Measures of the reliability of the data
drawn from the establishment survey and the actual amounts of revision due
to benchmark adjustments are provided in tables 2-B through 2-G of that
publication.
 
 Information in this release will be made available to sensory impaired
individuals upon request.  Voice phone:  202-606-STAT; TDD phone:
202-606-5897; TDD message referral phone:  1-800-326-2577.
         HOUSEHOLD DATA                                                                                              HOUSEHOLD DATA
         
         Table A-1.  Employment status of the civilian population by sex and age

         (Numbers in thousands)
                                                                                                                                   
                                                                                                                                   
                                                                                                                                   
                                                            Not seasonally adjusted              Seasonally adjusted(1)            
                                                                                                                                   
                  Employment status, sex, and age                                                                                  
                                                                                                                                   
                                                                                                                                   
                                                              July    June    July    July    Mar.    Apr.    May     June    July 
                                                              1996    1997    1997    1996    1997    1997    1997    1997    1997 
                                                                                                                                   
                                                                                                                                   
                               TOTAL                                                                                               
                                                                                                                                   
           Civilian noninstitutional population............ 200,641 203,000 203,166 200,641 202,513 202,674 202,832 203,000 203,166
             Civilian labor force.......................... 136,272 137,557 138,331 134,165 136,319 136,098 136,173 136,200 136,290
                   Participation rate......................    67.9    67.8    68.1    66.9    67.3    67.2    67.1    67.1    67.1
               Employed.................................... 128,579 130,463 131,350 126,889 129,175 129,384 129,639 129,364 129,708
                   Employment-population ratio.............    64.1    64.3    64.7    63.2    63.8    63.8    63.9    63.7    63.8
                 Agriculture...............................   3,862   3,757   3,849   3,470   3,386   3,497   3,430   3,391   3,482
                 Nonagricultural industries................ 124,717 126,705 127,501 123,419 125,789 125,887 126,209 125,973 126,226
               Unemployed..................................   7,693   7,094   6,981   7,276   7,144   6,714   6,534   6,836   6,583
                   Unemployment rate.......................     5.6     5.2     5.0     5.4     5.2     4.9     4.8     5.0     4.8
             Not in labor force............................  64,369  65,443  64,835  66,476  66,194  66,577  66,659  66,800  66,876
                                                                                                                                   
                       Men, 16 years and over                                                                                      
                                                                                                                                   
           Civilian noninstitutional population............  96,230  97,649  97,733  96,230  97,387  97,474  97,559  97,649  97,733
             Civilian labor force..........................  73,801  74,312  74,674  72,317  73,268  73,232  73,200  73,242  73,230
                   Participation rate......................    76.7    76.1    76.4    75.2    75.2    75.1    75.0    75.0    74.9
               Employed....................................  69,819  70,619  71,157  68,376  69,478  69,627  69,929  69,567  69,749
                   Employment-population ratio.............    72.6    72.3    72.8    71.1    71.3    71.4    71.7    71.2    71.4
               Unemployed..................................   3,982   3,693   3,517   3,941   3,790   3,604   3,271   3,674   3,481
                   Unemployment rate.......................     5.4     5.0     4.7     5.4     5.2     4.9     4.5     5.0     4.8
                                                                                                                                   
                       Men, 20 years and over                                                                                      
                                                                                                                                   
           Civilian noninstitutional population............  88,614  89,829  89,888  88,614  89,604  89,680  89,766  89,829  89,888
             Civilian labor force..........................  68,639  69,549  69,614  68,222  69,111  69,147  69,059  69,167  69,203
                   Participation rate......................    77.5    77.4    77.4    77.0    77.1    77.1    76.9    77.0    77.0
               Employed....................................  65,618  66,828  66,962  65,071  66,066  66,243  66,418  66,266  66,414
                   Employment-population ratio.............    74.0    74.4    74.5    73.4    73.7    73.9    74.0    73.8    73.9
                 Agriculture...............................   2,529   2,596   2,575   2,366   2,362   2,428   2,421   2,417   2,411
                 Nonagricultural industries................  63,090  64,232  64,387  62,705  63,703  63,815  63,997  63,849  64,003
               Unemployed..................................   3,020   2,721   2,653   3,151   3,045   2,904   2,640   2,901   2,789
                   Unemployment rate.......................     4.4     3.9     3.8     4.6     4.4     4.2     3.8     4.2     4.0
                                                                                                                                   
                      Women, 16 years and over                                                                                     
                                                                                                                                   
           Civilian noninstitutional population............ 104,411 105,351 105,433 104,411 105,127 105,200 105,274 105,351 105,433
             Civilian labor force..........................  62,471  63,245  63,656  61,848  63,051  62,866  62,973  62,958  63,060
                   Participation rate......................    59.8    60.0    60.4    59.2    60.0    59.8    59.8    59.8    59.8
               Employed....................................  58,760  59,843  60,193  58,513  59,697  59,756  59,710  59,796  59,958
                   Employment-population ratio.............    56.3    56.8    57.1    56.0    56.8    56.8    56.7    56.8    56.9
               Unemployed..................................   3,711   3,401   3,463   3,335   3,354   3,109   3,263   3,162   3,102
                   Unemployment rate.......................     5.9     5.4     5.4     5.4     5.3     4.9     5.2     5.0     4.9
                                                                                                                                   
                      Women, 20 years and over                                                                                     
                                                                                                                                   
           Civilian noninstitutional population............  97,064  97,834  97,919  97,064  97,638  97,685  97,767  97,834  97,919
             Civilian labor force..........................  57,933  58,908  58,952  58,139  59,130  58,974  59,130  59,207  59,186
                   Participation rate......................    59.7    60.2    60.2    59.9    60.6    60.4    60.5    60.5    60.4
               Employed....................................  54,880  56,263  56,243  55,315  56,359  56,392  56,481  56,585  56,685
                   Employment-population ratio.............    56.5    57.5    57.4    57.0    57.7    57.7    57.8    57.8    57.9
                 Agriculture...............................     913     809     902     847     739     779     743     740     841
                 Nonagricultural industries................  53,968  55,454  55,342  54,468  55,620  55,613  55,738  55,845  55,844
               Unemployed..................................   3,052   2,645   2,708   2,824   2,771   2,581   2,650   2,621   2,501
                   Unemployment rate.......................     5.3     4.5     4.6     4.9     4.7     4.4     4.5     4.4     4.2
                                                                                                                                   
                     Both sexes, 16 to 19 years                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                   
           Civilian  noninstitutional population...........  14,963  15,336  15,359  14,963  15,271  15,309  15,300  15,336  15,359
             Civilian labor force..........................   9,701   9,100   9,764   7,804   8,078   7,977   7,984   7,826   7,901
                   Participation rate......................    64.8    59.3    63.6    52.2    52.9    52.1    52.2    51.0    51.4
               Employed....................................   8,080   7,372   8,145   6,503   6,750   6,748   6,740   6,512   6,608
                   Employment-population ratio.............    54.0    48.1    53.0    43.5    44.2    44.1    44.1    42.5    43.0
                 Agriculture...............................     420     353     371     257     285     290     266     234     229
                 Nonagricultural industries................   7,660   7,019   7,773   6,246   6,465   6,458   6,474   6,279   6,379
               Unemployed..................................   1,620   1,728   1,620   1,301   1,328   1,229   1,244   1,314   1,293
                   Unemployment rate.......................    16.7    19.0    16.6    16.7    16.4    15.4    15.6    16.8    16.4

           1 The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted
         and seasonally adjusted columns.
            NOTE: Beginning in January 1997, data reflect revised population controls used in the household survey.






         
         
         HOUSEHOLD DATA                                                                                              HOUSEHOLD DATA
         
         Table A-2.  Employment status of the civilian population by race, sex, age, and Hispanic origin

         (Numbers in thousands)
                                                                                                                                   
                                                                                                                                   
                                                                                                                                   
                                                            Not seasonally adjusted              Seasonally adjusted(1)            
                                                                                                                                   
               Employment status, race, sex, age, and                                                                              
                          Hispanic origin                                                                                          
                                                                                                                                   
                                                              July    June    July    July    Mar.    Apr.    May     June    July 
                                                              1996    1997    1997    1996    1997    1997    1997    1997    1997 
                                                                                                                                   
                                                                                                                                   
                               WHITE                                                                                               
           Civilian noninstitutional population............ 168,345 169,897 170,010 168,345 169,569 169,675 169,782 169,897 170,010
             Civilian labor force.......................... 114,808 115,832 116,265 113,139 114,736 114,618 114,630 114,691 114,627
                 Participation rate........................    68.2    68.2    68.4    67.2    67.7    67.6    67.5    67.5    67.4
               Employed.................................... 109,338 110,839 111,323 107,862 109,630 109,831 110,052 109,821 109,853
                 Employment-population ratio...............    64.9    65.2    65.5    64.1    64.7    64.7    64.8    64.6    64.6
               Unemployed..................................   5,470   4,994   4,942   5,277   5,106   4,786   4,578   4,870   4,774
                 Unemployment rate.........................     4.8     4.3     4.3     4.7     4.5     4.2     4.0     4.2     4.2
                                                                                                                                   
                       Men, 20 years and over                                                                                      
             Civilian labor force..........................  58,789  59,447  59,465  58,432  59,161  59,196  59,008  59,088  59,096
                 Participation rate........................    77.9    77.9    77.9    77.4    77.7    77.7    77.4    77.5    77.4
               Employed....................................  56,584  57,494  57,543  56,085  56,923  57,057  57,112  56,981  57,030
                 Employment-population ratio...............    75.0    75.4    75.4    74.3    74.8    74.9    74.9    74.7    74.7
               Unemployed..................................   2,205   1,953   1,922   2,347   2,238   2,139   1,895   2,107   2,066
                 Unemployment rate.........................     3.8     3.3     3.2     4.0     3.8     3.6     3.2     3.6     3.5
                                                                                                                                   
                      Women, 20 years and over                                                                                     
             Civilian labor force..........................  47,926  48,666  48,575  48,074  48,832  48,662  48,874  48,924  48,756
                 Participation rate........................    59.1    59.7    59.6    59.3    60.0    59.8    60.0    60.1    59.8
               Employed....................................  45,779  46,846  46,726  46,097  46,915  46,902  47,047  47,128  47,055
                 Employment-population ratio...............    56.5    57.5    57.3    56.9    57.7    57.6    57.8    57.9    57.7
               Unemployed..................................   2,148   1,820   1,849   1,977   1,917   1,759   1,827   1,795   1,701
                 Unemployment rate.........................     4.5     3.7     3.8     4.1     3.9     3.6     3.7     3.7     3.5
                                                                                                                                   
                     Both sexes, 16 to 19 years                                                                                    
             Civilian labor force..........................   8,092   7,719   8,226   6,633   6,742   6,760   6,748   6,679   6,775
                 Participation rate........................    68.3    63.4    67.5    56.0    55.6    55.7    55.5    54.9    55.6
               Employed....................................   6,975   6,499   7,055   5,680   5,792   5,872   5,893   5,711   5,768
                 Employment-population ratio...............    58.9    53.4    57.9    48.0    47.7    48.4    48.5    46.9    47.3
               Unemployed..................................   1,117   1,220   1,171     953     951     888     855     968   1,007
                 Unemployment rate.........................    13.8    15.8    14.2    14.4    14.1    13.1    12.7    14.5    14.9
                   Men.....................................    15.1    16.9    14.5    16.1    15.0    14.3    12.7    16.3    15.4
                   Women...................................    12.3    14.6    14.0    12.4    13.1    11.9    12.7    12.6    14.3
                                                                                                                                   
                               BLACK                                                                                               
           Civilian noninstitutional population............  23,611  23,978  24,006  23,611  23,895  23,923  23,950  23,978  24,006
             Civilian labor force..........................  15,590  15,605  15,877  15,212  15,439  15,365  15,434  15,398  15,510
                 Participation rate........................    66.0    65.1    66.1    64.4    64.6    64.2    64.4    64.2    64.6
               Employed....................................  13,785  13,854  14,218  13,612  13,784  13,863  13,837  13,793  14,055
                 Employment-population ratio...............    58.4    57.8    59.2    57.7    57.7    57.9    57.8    57.5    58.5
               Unemployed..................................   1,805   1,751   1,659   1,600   1,655   1,503   1,597   1,605   1,455
                 Unemployment rate.........................    11.6    11.2    10.4    10.5    10.7     9.8    10.3    10.4     9.4
                                                                                                                                   
                       Men, 20 years and over                                                                                      
             Civilian labor force..........................   6,876   6,943   6,992   6,848   6,803   6,805   6,831   6,926   6,957
                 Participation rate........................    73.0    72.6    73.0    72.7    71.6    71.4    71.5    72.4    72.6
               Employed....................................   6,233   6,327   6,411   6,212   6,173   6,234   6,255   6,296   6,386
                 Employment-population ratio...............    66.2    66.1    66.9    65.9    65.0    65.4    65.5    65.8    66.6
               Unemployed..................................     643     616     580     636     629     571     575     630     572
                 Unemployment rate.........................     9.3     8.9     8.3     9.3     9.3     8.4     8.4     9.1     8.2
                                                                                                                                   
                      Women, 20 years and over                                                                                     
             Civilian labor force..........................   7,469   7,597   7,688   7,457   7,641   7,641   7,693   7,615   7,689
                 Participation rate........................    63.1    63.4    64.0    63.0    63.9    63.8    64.1    63.5    64.0
               Employed....................................   6,741   6,900   6,989   6,797   6,934   6,997   6,974   6,921   7,053
                 Employment-population ratio...............    57.0    57.6    58.2    57.4    57.9    58.4    58.1    57.7    58.7
               Unemployed..................................     727     697     699     660     706     644     719     694     636
                 Unemployment rate.........................     9.7     9.2     9.1     8.9     9.2     8.4     9.4     9.1     8.3
                                                                                                                                   
                     Both sexes, 16 to 19 years                                                                                    
             Civilian labor force..........................   1,245   1,065   1,197     907     996     920     910     857     864
                 Participation rate........................    52.8    44.0    49.5    38.5    41.1    38.1    37.9    35.4    35.7
               Employed....................................     810     627     817     603     676     632     608     577     616
                 Employment-population ratio...............    34.4    25.9    33.8    25.6    27.9    26.2    25.3    23.8    25.5
               Unemployed..................................     435     439     379     304     319     287     302     281     247
                 Unemployment rate.........................    34.9    41.2    31.7    33.5    32.1    31.2    33.2    32.7    28.6
                   Men.....................................    41.9    46.2    35.4    43.0    41.4    37.3    32.6    41.1    32.9
                   Women...................................    26.6    36.0    28.1    22.4    23.7    25.3    33.8    24.5    25.1
                          HISPANIC ORIGIN                                                                                          
           Civilian noninstitutional population............  19,238  20,293  20,351  19,238  20,119  20,180  20,236  20,293  20,351
             Civilian labor force..........................  12,893  13,839  14,057  12,697  13,662  13,572  13,746  13,807  13,866
                 Participation rate........................    67.0    68.2    69.1    66.0    67.9    67.3    67.9    68.0    68.1
               Employed....................................  11,707  12,820  12,909  11,567  12,493  12,470  12,730  12,756  12,768
                 Employment-population ratio...............    60.9    63.2    63.4    60.1    62.1    61.8    62.9    62.9    62.7
               Unemployed..................................   1,186   1,019   1,149   1,130   1,169   1,102   1,016   1,051   1,098
                 Unemployment rate.........................     9.2     7.4     8.2     8.9     8.6     8.1     7.4     7.6     7.9

           1 The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted
         and seasonally adjusted columns.
             NOTE: Detail for the above race and Hispanic-origin groups will not sum to totals because data for the "other races"
         group are not presented and Hispanics are included in both the white and black population groups.  Beginning in January
         1997, data reflect revised population controls used in the household survey.






         
         
         HOUSEHOLD DATA                                                                                              HOUSEHOLD DATA
         
         
         
         
         Table A-3. Selected employment indicators

         (In thousands)
                                                                                                                                   
                                                                                                                                   
                                                                                                                                   
                                                            Not seasonally adjusted               Seasonally adjusted              
                                                                                                                                   
                              Category                                                                                             
                                                                                                                                   
                                                                                                                                   
                                                              July    June    July    July    Mar.    Apr.    May     June    July 
                                                              1996    1997    1997    1996    1997    1997    1997    1997    1997 
                                                                                                                                   
                                                                                                                                   
                           CHARACTERISTIC                                                                                          
                                                                                                                                   
           Total employed, 16 years and over............... 128,579 130,463 131,350 126,889 129,175 129,384 129,639 129,364 129,708
             Married men, spouse present...................  42,521  42,533  42,589  42,503  42,509  42,329  42,273  42,448  42,589
             Married women, spouse present.................  32,157  32,259  32,406  32,634  32,699  32,473  32,445  32,519  32,866
             Women who maintain families...................   7,157   7,831   7,767   7,253   7,720   7,838   7,858   7,847   7,901
                                                                                                                                   
                             OCCUPATION                                                                                            
                                                                                                                                   
             Managerial and professional specialty.........  36,181  37,271  37,209  36,505  37,723  37,599  37,318  37,493  37,558
             Technical, sales, and administrative support..  38,210  38,218  38,651  37,762  38,158  38,150  38,362  38,142  38,193
             Service occupations...........................  17,801  17,708  18,066  17,281  17,292  17,267  17,390  17,412  17,523
             Precision production, craft, and repair.......  13,721  14,551  14,539  13,482  14,200  14,301  14,380  14,364  14,282
             Operators, fabricators, and laborers..........  18,540  18,765  18,773  18,292  18,234  18,415  18,647  18,597  18,515
             Farming, forestry, and fishing................   4,126   3,950   4,111   3,565   3,507   3,605   3,680   3,499   3,554
                                                                                                                                   
                          CLASS OF WORKER                                                                                          
                                                                                                                                   
             Agriculture:                                                                                                          
               Wage and salary workers.....................   2,109   2,222   2,156   1,860   1,905   1,989   1,941   1,929   1,913
               Self-employed workers.......................   1,686   1,485   1,628   1,546   1,414   1,424   1,444   1,404   1,492
               Unpaid family workers.......................      66      50      64      53      59      70      50      40      53
             Nonagricultural industries:                                                                                           
               Wage and salary workers..................... 115,495 117,386 118,362 114,278 116,533 116,608 116,969 116,653 117,104
                 Government................................  17,781  17,846  17,825  18,280  17,994  18,036  17,807  18,099  18,338
                 Private industries........................  97,714  99,541 100,537  95,998  98,539  98,572  99,162  98,554  98,766
                   Private households......................     985     900     960     930     869     922     967     870     910
                   Other industries........................  96,729  98,641  99,578  95,068  97,671  97,650  98,195  97,684  97,856
               Self-employed workers.......................   9,088   9,180   9,002   8,984   9,292   9,159   9,106   9,126   8,887
               Unpaid family workers.......................     134     139     137     128     108     130     148     128     131
                                                                                                                                   
                     PERSONS AT WORK PART TIME                                                                                     
                                                                                                                                   
             All industries:                                                                                                       
               Part time for economic reasons..............   4,646   4,258   4,279   4,338   4,153   4,402   4,019   4,025   4,017
                 Slack work or business conditions.........   2,553   2,275   2,211   2,552   2,344   2,491   2,300   2,375   2,211
                 Could only find part-time work............   1,755   1,580   1,726   1,549   1,518   1,629   1,391   1,347   1,522
               Part time for noneconomic reasons...........  15,551  16,728  15,727  17,877  18,120  18,176  18,336  18,322  18,015
                                                                                                                                   
             Nonagricultural industries:                                                                                           
               Part time for economic reasons..............   4,441   4,024   4,123   4,150   3,937   4,235   3,806   3,782   3,872
                 Slack work or business conditions.........   2,437   2,140   2,115   2,422   2,210   2,374   2,159   2,220   2,102
                 Could only find part-time work............   1,701   1,516   1,683   1,517   1,475   1,603   1,347   1,298   1,509
               Part time for noneconomic reasons...........  14,910  16,162  15,102  17,250  17,565  17,661  17,780  17,663  17,418

             NOTE: Persons at work excludes employed persons who were absent from their jobs during the entire reference week for
         reasons such as vacation, illness, or industrial dispute.  Part time for noneconomic reasons excludes persons who usually
         work full time but worked only 1 to 34 hours during the reference week for reasons such as holidays, illness, and bad
         weather.  Beginning in January 1997, data reflect revised population controls used in the household survey.






         
         
         HOUSEHOLD DATA                                                                                              HOUSEHOLD DATA
         
         Table A-4. Selected unemployment indicators, seasonally adjusted
                                                                                                                                   
                                                                                                                                   
                                                                   Number of                                                       
                                                               unemployed persons                Unemployment rates(1)             
                                                                 (in thousands)                                                    
                              Category                                                                                             
                                                                                                                                   
                                                              July    June    July    July    Mar.    Apr.    May     June    July 
                                                              1996    1997    1997    1996    1997    1997    1997    1997    1997 
                                                                                                                                   
                                                                                                                                   
                           CHARACTERISTIC                                                                                          
                                                                                                                                   
            Total, 16 years and over.......................   7,276   6,836   6,583    5.4     5.2     4.9     4.8     5.0     4.8 
              Men, 20 years and over.......................   3,151   2,901   2,789    4.6     4.4     4.2     3.8     4.2     4.0 
              Women, 20 years and over.....................   2,824   2,621   2,501    4.9     4.7     4.4     4.5     4.4     4.2 
              Both sexes, 16 to 19 years...................   1,301   1,314   1,293   16.7    16.4    15.4    15.6    16.8    16.4 
                                                                                                                                   
              Married men, spouse present..................   1,309   1,159   1,149    3.0     2.8     2.7     2.6     2.7     2.6 
              Married women, spouse present................   1,192   1,071   1,058    3.5     3.2     3.1     3.2     3.2     3.1 
              Women who maintain families..................     698     686     634    8.8     9.1     7.5     7.6     8.0     7.4 
                                                                                                                                   
              Full-time workers............................   5,813   5,515   5,309    5.3     5.1     4.8     4.7     4.9     4.7 
              Part-time workers............................   1,481   1,271   1,300    6.0     5.7     5.7     5.2     5.3     5.4 
                                                                                                                                   
                           OCCUPATION(2)                                                                                           
                                                                                                                                   
              Managerial and professional specialty........     892     748     748    2.4     2.0     2.0     2.1     2.0     2.0 
              Technical, sales, and administrative support.   1,813   1,702   1,627    4.6     4.3     4.2     3.8     4.3     4.1 
              Precision production, craft, and repair......     781     715     734    5.5     4.9     4.8     4.6     4.7     4.9 
              Operators, fabricators, and laborers.........   1,550   1,477   1,490    7.8     8.1     7.3     7.1     7.4     7.4 
              Farming, forestry, and fishing...............     254     308     227    6.7     7.4     6.6     6.2     8.1     6.0 
                                                                                                                                   
                              INDUSTRY                                                                                             
                                                                                                                                   
              Nonagricultural private wage and salary                                                                              
              workers......................................   5,611   5,208   5,077    5.5     5.2     5.0     5.0     5.0     4.9 
                Goods-producing industries.................   1,640   1,493   1,547    5.8     5.5     5.4     5.2     5.2     5.4 
                  Mining...................................      17      15      25    3.0     4.0     2.0     3.0     2.3     3.8 
                  Construction.............................     638     591     600    9.8     9.6     8.7     8.4     8.5     8.7 
                  Manufacturing............................     985     887     922    4.7     4.3     4.4     4.2     4.1     4.3 
                    Durable goods..........................     532     439     431    4.3     3.6     3.6     3.5     3.5     3.4 
                    Nondurable goods.......................     453     448     491    5.3     5.2     5.8     5.3     5.0     5.5 
                Service-producing industries...............   3,971   3,714   3,531    5.4     5.1     4.9     4.9     5.0     4.7 
                  Transportation and public utilities......     303     218     249    4.3     4.1     2.8     3.6     2.9     3.4 
                  Wholesale and retail trade...............   1,683   1,737   1,591    6.3     6.3     6.2     6.1     6.5     6.0 
                  Finance, insurance, and real estate......     209     186     251    2.8     3.2     3.4     3.2     2.5     3.2 
                  Services.................................   1,776   1,573   1,440    5.5     4.8     4.6     4.6     4.8     4.3 
              Government workers...........................     588     533     529    3.1     2.8     2.4     2.4     2.9     2.8 
              Agricultural wage and salary workers.........     186     229     156    9.1     9.5     9.6     7.1    10.6     7.5 

           1 Unemployment as a percent of the civilian labor force.
           2 Seasonally adjusted unemployment data for service occupations are not available because the seasonal component, which
         is small relative to the trend-cycle and irregular components, cannot be separated with sufficient precision.
            NOTE: Beginning in January 1997, data reflect revised population controls used in the household survey.






         
         
         HOUSEHOLD DATA                                                                                              HOUSEHOLD DATA
         
         Table A-5. Duration of unemployment

         (Numbers in thousands)
                                                                                                                                   
                                                                                                                                   
                                                                                                                                   
                                                            Not seasonally adjusted               Seasonally adjusted              
                                                                                                                                   
                              Duration                                                                                             
                                                                                                                                   
                                                              July    June    July    July    Mar.    Apr.    May     June    July 
                                                              1996    1997    1997    1996    1997    1997    1997    1997    1997 
                                                                                                                                   
                                                                                                                                   
                        NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED                                                                                       
                                                                                                                                   
            Less than 5 weeks..............................   2,941   3,210   2,643   2,603   2,650   2,354   2,523   2,538   2,352
            5 to 14 weeks..................................   2,540   1,895   2,284   2,307   2,380   2,156   2,022   2,211   2,071
            15 weeks and over..............................   2,212   1,989   2,053   2,326   2,064   2,092   2,071   2,063   2,157
               15 to 26 weeks..............................     822     973     925     994   1,001   1,058   1,078   1,045   1,082
               27 weeks and over...........................   1,391   1,016   1,128   1,332   1,063   1,034     993   1,018   1,074
                                                                                                                                   
            Average (mean) duration, in weeks..............    16.1    14.2    15.8    16.9    15.3    15.2    15.1    15.1    16.6
            Median duration, in weeks......................     7.7     5.8     7.7     8.5     7.9     8.3     7.7     7.7     8.5
                                                                                                                                   
                        PERCENT DISTRIBUTION                                                                                       
                                                                                                                                   
            Total unemployed...............................   100.0   100.0   100.0   100.0   100.0   100.0   100.0   100.0   100.0
              Less than 5 weeks............................    38.2    45.3    37.9    36.0    37.4    35.7    38.1    37.3    35.7
              5 to 14 weeks................................    33.0    26.7    32.7    31.9    33.6    32.7    30.6    32.5    31.5
              15 weeks and over............................    28.8    28.0    29.4    32.1    29.1    31.7    31.3    30.3    32.8
                15 to 26 weeks.............................    10.7    13.7    13.3    13.7    14.1    16.0    16.3    15.3    16.5
                27 weeks and over..........................    18.1    14.3    16.2    18.4    15.0    15.7    15.0    14.9    16.3

            NOTE: Beginning in January 1997, data reflect revised population controls used in the household survey.






          
          
          HOUSEHOLD DATA                                                                                             HOUSEHOLD DATA
          
          Table A-6. Reason for unemployment

          (Numbers in thousands)
                                                                                                                                   
                                                                                                                                   
                                                                                                                                   
                                                                        Not seasonally               Seasonally adjusted           
                                                                           adjusted                                                
                                    Reason                                                                                         
                                                                                                                                   
                                                                                                                                   
                                                                      July   June   July   July   Mar.   Apr.    May   June   July 
                                                                      1996   1997   1997   1996   1997   1997   1997   1997   1997 
                                                                                                                                   
                                                                                                                                   
                             NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED                                                                                  
                                                                                                                                   
            Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs.....  3,323  2,878  2,895  3,348  3,187  2,979  2,902  3,145  2,903
              On temporary layoff...................................    974    788    873    980  1,021    976    871    925    877
              Not on temporary layoff...............................  2,349  2,090  2,022  2,368  2,167  2,003  2,031  2,220  2,026
                Permanent job losers................................  1,686  1,448  1,381   (1)    (1)    (1)    (1)    (1)    (1) 
                Persons who completed temporary jobs................    663    642    642   (1)    (1)    (1)    (1)    (1)    (1) 
            Job leavers.............................................    772    774    836    754    784    754    801    829    822
            Reentrants..............................................  2,716  2,628  2,417  2,522  2,535  2,420  2,306  2,359  2,244
            New entrants............................................    882    814    833    590    647    577    574    481    553
                                                                                                                                   
                             PERCENT DISTRIBUTION                                                                                  
                                                                                                                                   
            Total unemployed........................................                                                               
             Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs....   43.2   40.6   41.5   46.4   44.6   44.3   44.1   46.2   44.5
               On temporary layoff..................................   12.7   11.1   12.5   13.6   14.3   14.5   13.2   13.6   13.4
               Not on temporary layoff..............................   30.5   29.5   29.0   32.8   30.3   29.8   30.9   32.6   31.1
             Job leavers............................................   10.0   10.9   12.0   10.5   11.0   11.2   12.2   12.2   12.6
             Reentrants.............................................   35.3   37.0   34.6   35.0   35.4   36.0   35.0   34.6   34.4
             New entrants...........................................   11.5   11.5   11.9    8.2    9.0    8.6    8.7    7.1    8.5
                                                                                                                                   
                        UNEMPLOYED AS A PERCENT OF THE                                                                             
                               CIVILIAN LABOR FORCE                                                                                
                                                                                                                                   
             Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs....    2.4    2.1    2.1    2.5    2.3    2.2    2.1    2.3    2.1
             Job leavers............................................     .6     .6     .6     .6     .6     .6     .6     .6     .6
             Reentrants.............................................    2.0    1.9    1.7    1.9    1.9    1.8    1.7    1.7    1.6
             New entrants...........................................     .6     .6     .6     .4     .5     .4     .4     .4     .4

            1 Not available.
             NOTE: Beginning in January 1997, data reflect revised population controls used in the household survey.






          
          
          HOUSEHOLD DATA                                                                                            HOUSEHOLD DATA
          
          Table A-7. Range of alternative measures of labor underutilization

          (Percent)
                                                                                                                                  
                                                                                                                                  
                                                                                                                                  
                                                                               Not seasonally          Seasonally adjusted        
                                                                                  adjusted                                        
                                       Measure                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                  
                                                                                                                                  
                                                                              July  June  July  July  Mar.  Apr.  May   June  July
                                                                              1996  1997  1997  1996  1997  1997  1997  1997  1997
                                                                                                                                  
                                                                                                                                  
          U-1 Persons unemployed 15 weeks or longer,                                                                              
             as a percent of the civilian labor force.......................   1.6   1.4   1.5   1.7   1.5   1.5   1.5   1.5   1.6
                                                                                                                                  
          U-2 Job losers and persons who completed                                                                                
             temporary jobs, as a percent of the civilian                                                                         
             labor force....................................................   2.4   2.1   2.1   2.5   2.3   2.2   2.1   2.3   2.1
                                                                                                                                  
          U-3 Total unemployed, as a percent of the                                                                               
             civilian labor force (official unemployment rate)..............   5.6   5.2   5.0   5.4   5.2   4.9   4.8   5.0   4.8
                                                                                                                                  
          U-4 Total unemployed plus discouraged                                                                                   
             workers, as a percent of the civilian labor force                                                                    
             plus discouraged workers.......................................   5.9   5.4   5.3  (1)   (1)   (1)   (1)   (1)   (1) 
                                                                                                                                  
          U-5 Total unemployed, plus discouraged workers, plus all other                                                          
             marginally attached workers, as a percent of the civilian                                                            
             labor force plus all marginally attached workers...............   6.7   6.1   5.9  (1)   (1)   (1)   (1)   (1)   (1) 
                                                                                                                                  
          U-6 Total unemployed, plus all marginally attached workers, plus                                                        
             total employed part time for economic reasons, as a percent of                                                       
             the civilian labor force plus all marginally attached workers..  10.0   9.2   9.0  (1)   (1)   (1)   (1)   (1)   (1) 

            1 Not available.
              NOTE: This range of alternative measures of labor underutilization replaces the U1-U7 range published in table A-7
          of this release prior to 1994.  Marginally attached workers are persons who currently are neither working nor looking
          for work but indicate that they want and are available for a job and have looked for work sometime in the recent past. 
          Discouraged workers, a subset of the marginally attached, have given a job-market related reason for not currently
          looking for a job.  Persons employed part time for economic reasons are those who want and are available for full-time
          work but have had to settle for a part-time schedule.  For further information, see "BLS introduces new range of
          alternative unemployment measures,"  in the October 1995 issue of the Monthly Labor Review.  Beginning in January 1997,
          data reflect revised population controls used in the household survey.






         
         
         HOUSEHOLD DATA                                                                                              HOUSEHOLD DATA
         
         Table A-8. Unemployed persons by sex and age, seasonally adjusted
                                                                                                                                   
                                                                                                                                   
                                                                                                                                   
                                                                   Number of                                                       
                                                               unemployed persons                Unemployment rates(1)             
                                                                 (in thousands)                                                    
                            Age and sex                                                                                            
                                                                                                                                   
                                                                                                                                   
                                                              July    June    July    July    Mar.    Apr.    May     June    July 
                                                              1996    1997    1997    1996    1997    1997    1997    1997    1997 
                                                                                                                                   
                                                                                                                                   
                                                                                                                                   
         Total, 16 years and over..........................   7,276   6,836   6,583    5.4     5.2     4.9     4.8     5.0     4.8 
           16 to 24 years..................................   2,555   2,442   2,328   12.1    11.8    11.4    10.9    11.5    10.9 
             16 to 19 years................................   1,301   1,314   1,293   16.7    16.4    15.4    15.6    16.8    16.4 
               16 to 17 years..............................     637     548     555   19.5    19.4    18.5    18.4    17.3    17.5 
               18 to 19 years..............................     661     762     748   14.6    14.6    13.3    13.7    16.3    15.8 
             20 to 24 years................................   1,254   1,128   1,036    9.5     9.0     9.0     8.2     8.4     7.7 
           25 years and over...............................   4,691   4,382   4,224    4.1     4.0     3.7     3.7     3.8     3.7 
             25 to 54 years................................   4,123   3,857   3,777    4.3     4.1     3.8     3.8     3.9     3.8 
             55 years and over.............................     593     515     489    3.7     3.3     3.0     2.9     3.1     3.0 
                                                                                                                                   
           Men, 16 years and over..........................   3,941   3,674   3,481    5.4     5.2     4.9     4.5     5.0     4.8 
             16 to 24 years................................   1,469   1,359   1,272   13.1    12.2    11.8    10.3    12.1    11.4 
               16 to 19 years..............................     790     774     692   19.3    17.9    17.2    15.2    19.0    17.2 
                 16 to 17 years............................     396     330     299   23.4    21.4    20.5    17.8    19.9    18.6 
                 18 to 19 years............................     387     440     386   16.1    15.7    15.2    13.5    18.2    16.2 
               20 to 24 years..............................     679     585     580    9.6     8.9     8.7     7.5     8.2     8.1 
             25 years and over.............................   2,453   2,311   2,176    4.0     3.9     3.7     3.4     3.7     3.5 
               25 to 54 years..............................   2,119   2,018   1,920    4.1     3.9     3.8     3.5     3.8     3.6 
               55 years and over...........................     338     287     272    3.7     3.5     3.0     2.8     3.1     3.0 
                                                                                                                                   
           Women, 16 years and over........................   3,335   3,162   3,102    5.4     5.3     4.9     5.2     5.0     4.9 
             16 to 24 years................................   1,086   1,083   1,057   11.0    11.3    10.9    11.6    10.8    10.4 
               16 to 19 years..............................     511     540     601   13.8    14.9    13.6    16.0    14.4    15.5 
                 16 to 17 years............................     241     217     256   15.2    17.1    16.5    19.0    14.4    16.4 
                 18 to 19 years............................     274     322     361   12.8    13.3    11.3    13.8    14.3    15.4 
               20 to 24 years..............................     575     542     456    9.3     9.1     9.3     8.9     8.6     7.3 
             25 years and over.............................   2,238   2,071   2,048    4.3     4.2     3.8     4.0     3.9     3.9 
               25 to 54 years..............................   2,004   1,839   1,856    4.5     4.3     3.9     4.2     4.0     4.1 
               55 years and over...........................     255     228     218    3.6     3.1     3.0     3.0     3.2     3.0 

           1 Unemployment as a percent of the civilian labor force.
            NOTE: Beginning in January 1997, data reflect revised population controls used in the household survey.






          
          
          HOUSEHOLD DATA                                                                                            HOUSEHOLD DATA
          
          Table A-9. Persons not in the labor force and multiple jobholders by sex, not seasonally adjusted

          (Numbers in thousands)
                                                                                                                                  
                                                                                                                                  
                                                                                                                                  
                                                                                   Total              Men              Women      
                                                                                                                                  
                                       Category                                                                                   
                                                                                                                                  
                                                                               July     July     July     July     July     July  
                                                                               1996     1997     1996     1997     1996     1997  
                                                                                                                                  
                                                                                                                                  
                                NOT IN THE LABOR FORCE                                                                            
                                                                                                                                  
                                                                                                                                  
            Total not in the labor force....................................  64,369   64,835   22,429   23,059   41,940   41,777 
              Persons who currently want a job..............................   5,196    4,777    2,037    1,855    3,159    2,922 
                 Searched for work and available to work now(1).............   1,490    1,281      661      584      830      697 
                    Reason not currently looking:                                                                                 
                      Discouragement over job prospects(2)..................     423      311      224      170      199      140 
                         Reasons other than discouragement(3)...............   1,068      971      437      414      631      557 
                                                                                                                                  
                                 MULTIPLE JOBHOLDERS                                                                              
                                                                                                                                  
            Total multiple jobholders(4)....................................   7,642    8,053    4,197    4,366    3,444    3,687 
                Percent of total employed...................................     5.9      6.1      6.0      6.1      5.9      6.1 
                                                                                                                                  
                Primary job full time, secondary job part time..............   4,201    4,514    2,587    2,703    1,615    1,810 
                Primary and secondary jobs both part time...................   1,675    1,608      547      534    1,128    1,075 
                Primary and secondary jobs both full time...................     281      258      207      185       74       72 
                Hours vary on primary or secondary job......................   1,443    1,625      828      920      615      705 

            1 Data refer to persons who have searched for work during the prior 12 months and were available to take a job during
          the reference week.
            2 Includes thinks no work available, could not find work, lacks schooling or training, employer thinks too young or
          old, and other types of discrimination.
            3 Includes those who did not actively look for work in the prior 4 weeks for such reasons as child-care and
          transportation problems, as well as a small number for which reason for nonparticipation was not determined.
            4 Includes persons who work part time on their primary job and full time on their secondary job(s), not shown
          separately.
             NOTE: Beginning in January 1997, data reflect revised population controls used in the household survey.
     ESTABLISHMENT DATA                                                                                    ESTABLISHMENT DATA
     
     
     Table B-1. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by industry

     (In thousands)
                                                                                                                             
                                                                                                                             
                                                  Not seasonally adjusted                   Seasonally adjusted              
                                                                                                                             
                     Industry                                                                                                
                                                July    May     June    July    July    Mar.    Apr.    May     June    July 
                                                1996    1997   1997p   1997p    1996    1997    1997    1997   1997p   1997p 
                                                                                                                             
               Total......................... 119,481 122,477 123,115 122,177 119,691 121,344 121,671 121,834 122,062 122,378
                                                                                                                             
            Total private.................... 101,098 102,473 103,412 103,581 100,236 101,799 102,092 102,269 102,420 102,680
                                                                                                                             
     Goods-producing.........................  24,716  24,722  25,024  25,009  24,433  24,670  24,667  24,702  24,720  24,716
                                                                                                                             
       Mining................................     585     574     582     585     574     572     573     576     576     574
         Metal mining........................    55.4    54.2    55.5    55.5      54      54      54      54      54      54
         Coal mining.........................    97.5    92.6    93.1    91.9      97      93      93      93      93      91
         Oil and gas extraction..............   321.2   316.7   321.1   325.1     317     317     319     321     321     321
         Nonmetallic minerals, except fuels..   110.5   110.2   111.9   112.2     106     108     107     108     108     108
                                                                                                                             
       Construction..........................   5,731   5,671   5,832   5,950   5,417   5,609   5,599   5,628   5,624   5,627
         General building contractors........ 1,315.0 1,295.5 1,338.9 1,365.3   1,258   1,298   1,297   1,300   1,302   1,307
         Heavy construction, except building.   841.2   805.8   818.6   829.1     773     777     767     777     765     762
         Special trade contractors........... 3,575.0 3,570.0 3,674.3 3,755.2   3,386   3,534   3,535   3,551   3,557   3,558
                                                                                                                             
       Manufacturing.........................  18,400  18,477  18,610  18,474  18,442  18,489  18,495  18,498  18,520  18,515
           Production workers................  12,665  12,770  12,864  12,723  12,735  12,771  12,774  12,790  12,790  12,797
                                                                                                                             
        Durable goods........................  10,718  10,877  10,953  10,861  10,766  10,848  10,856  10,864  10,890  10,910
           Production workers................   7,309   7,468   7,522   7,416   7,369   7,437   7,440   7,454   7,463   7,480
         Lumber and wood products............   791.4   796.2   808.5   807.0     781     797     799     800     798     796
         Furniture and fixtures..............   494.1   507.8   510.7   502.4     503     507     506     508     509     512
         Stone, clay, and glass products.....   548.2   546.1   550.8   550.0     540     542     541     540     539     542
         Primary metal industries............   700.3   707.2   710.8   700.4     706     709     710     708     709     706
           Blast furnaces and basic steel                                                                                    
              products.......................   241.3   234.7   236.5   235.1   (1)     (1)     (1)     (1)     (1)     (1)  
         Fabricated metal products........... 1,436.4 1,468.0 1,477.6 1,455.2   1,449   1,463   1,468   1,468   1,469   1,468
         Industrial machinery and equipment.. 2,108.8 2,151.0 2,161.0 2,150.0   2,113   2,136   2,142   2,146   2,149   2,154
           Computer and office equipment.....   364.4   377.9   381.2   383.7     362     372     375     378     379     381
         Electronic and other electrical                                                                                     
            equipment........................ 1,648.1 1,640.6 1,655.1 1,649.3   1,655   1,645   1,643   1,644   1,651   1,656
           Electronic components and                                                                                         
              accessories....................   613.3   621.0   630.3   632.7     613     614     618     622     628     632
         Transportation equipment............ 1,757.6 1,818.8 1,831.0 1,807.1   1,778   1,810   1,804   1,809   1,823   1,829
           Motor vehicles and equipment......   941.2   967.0   974.4   949.2     960     969     957     960     967     969
           Aircraft and parts................   456.1   497.6   503.7   506.6     458     491     495     498     505     509
         Instruments and related products....   853.3   854.3   859.1   858.4     854     853     855     854     857     859
         Miscellaneous manufacturing.........   379.8   386.8   388.3   381.2     387     386     388     387     386     388
                                                                                                                             
        Nondurable goods.....................   7,682   7,600   7,657   7,613   7,676   7,641   7,639   7,634   7,630   7,605
           Production workers................   5,356   5,302   5,342   5,307   5,366   5,334   5,334   5,336   5,327   5,317
         Food and kindred products........... 1,717.3 1,660.7 1,690.3 1,717.4   1,684   1,698   1,699   1,693   1,693   1,685
         Tobacco products....................    37.3    37.7    37.7    37.6      41      42      41      41      41      41
         Textile mill products...............   618.7   610.6   612.3   601.1     623     612     609     609     608     605
         Apparel and other textile products..   845.9   822.7   823.6   796.6     863     827     822     818     817     813
         Paper and allied products...........   681.0   675.0   680.4   676.8     677     677     677     677     675     673
         Printing and publishing............. 1,535.5 1,542.3 1,550.5 1,547.0   1,537   1,535   1,541   1,546   1,551   1,548
         Chemicals and allied products....... 1,035.8 1,027.4 1,032.3 1,029.2   1,031   1,028   1,029   1,030   1,026   1,024
         Petroleum and coal products.........   145.0   140.1   141.0   142.1     142     140     140     139     138     139
         Rubber and misc. plastics products..   973.5   990.2   996.6   978.5     982     988     988     988     989     987
         Leather and leather products........    92.0    93.1    92.4    86.6      96      94      93      93      92      90
                                                                                                                             
     Service-producing.......................  94,765  97,755  98,091  97,168  95,258  96,674  97,004  97,132  97,342  97,662
                                                                                                                             
       Transportation and public utilities...   6,276   6,434   6,463   6,441   6,296   6,405   6,421   6,431   6,430   6,461
         Transportation......................   4,039   4,194   4,211   4,183   4,073   4,164   4,179   4,187   4,190   4,216
           Railroad transportation...........   231.5   228.0   226.7   227.4     230     226     225     226     226     226
           Local and interurban passenger                                                                                    
              transit........................   384.9   475.9   457.9   396.8     448     455     460     458     457     461
           Trucking and warehousing.......... 1,672.2 1,677.3 1,699.8 1,714.0   1,659   1,671   1,676   1,687   1,687   1,699
           Water transportation..............   184.0   181.2   183.6   189.7     173     175     177     176     177     179
           Transportation by air............. 1,133.1 1,183.2 1,191.4 1,201.4   1,131   1,191   1,192   1,192   1,193   1,200
           Pipelines, except natural gas.....    14.7    14.2    14.4    14.5      15      14      14      14      14      14
           Transportation services...........   418.6   434.2   437.1   438.7     417     432     435     434     436     437
         Communications and public utilities.   2,237   2,240   2,252   2,258   2,223   2,241   2,242   2,244   2,240   2,245
           Communications.................... 1,346.9 1,368.3 1,375.0 1,382.9   1,341   1,364   1,369   1,372   1,371   1,377
           Electric, gas, and sanitary                                                                                       
              services.......................   890.1   871.5   876.5   875.5     882     877     873     872     869     868
                                                                                                                             
       Wholesale trade.......................   6,522   6,641   6,680   6,705   6,481   6,611   6,622   6,630   6,634   6,663
         Durable goods.......................   3,829   3,915   3,944   3,959   3,806   3,889   3,900   3,909   3,918   3,935
         Nondurable goods....................   2,693   2,726   2,736   2,746   2,675   2,722   2,722   2,721   2,716   2,728
       Retail trade..........................  21,779  22,064  22,283  22,273  21,651  21,945  22,029  22,026  22,077  22,142
         Building materials and garden                                                                                       
            supplies.........................   926.6   967.6   973.0   966.2     894     922     931     932     928     932
         General merchandise stores.......... 2,678.3 2,702.0 2,738.8 2,740.4   2,731   2,783   2,799   2,787   2,797   2,793
           Department stores................. 2,349.5 2,369.8 2,400.2 2,404.9   2,394   2,452   2,446   2,452   2,450   2,449
         Food stores......................... 3,460.7 3,473.3 3,508.9 3,529.5   3,439   3,478   3,480   3,482   3,486   3,507
         Automotive dealers and service                                                                                      
            stations......................... 2,308.4 2,322.7 2,336.5 2,346.6   2,278   2,315   2,319   2,316   2,313   2,316
           New and used car dealers.......... 1,040.8 1,054.4 1,058.4 1,060.6   1,036   1,055   1,055   1,054   1,055   1,055
         Apparel and accessory stores........ 1,092.8 1,076.3 1,090.2 1,084.7   1,101   1,104   1,105   1,099   1,099   1,092
         Furniture and home furnishings                                                                                      
            stores...........................   979.6 1,020.1 1,023.6 1,030.8     989   1,025   1,026   1,032   1,033   1,040
         Eating and drinking places.......... 7,669.0 7,726.1 7,832.8 7,797.6   7,505   7,525   7,571   7,572   7,596   7,631
         Miscellaneous retail establishments. 2,663.4 2,776.3 2,779.1 2,777.4   2,714   2,793   2,798   2,806   2,825   2,831
                                                                                                                             
       Finance, insurance, and real estate...   6,998   7,028   7,102   7,155   6,910   6,992   7,019   7,029   7,038   7,064
         Finance.............................   3,331   3,385   3,414   3,434   3,305   3,366   3,381   3,389   3,396   3,407
           Depository institutions........... 2,039.3 2,038.8 2,058.2 2,068.0   2,023   2,037   2,041   2,043   2,046   2,051
             Commercial banks................ 1,479.3 1,483.4 1,498.5 1,506.4   1,466   1,482   1,486   1,488   1,488   1,493
             Savings institutions............   264.6   253.0   255.0   255.3     263     254     253     253     254     254
           Nondepository institutions........   521.4   542.8   545.9   548.0     519     534     539     542     543     546
             Mortgage bankers and brokers....   233.8   245.1   246.3   245.7     232     242     243     244     243     244
           Security and commodity brokers....   558.5   583.6   588.5   597.0     553     579     583     586     586     591
           Holding and other investment                                                                                      
              offices........................   211.7   219.4   221.8   220.7     210     216     218     218     221     219
         Insurance...........................   2,231   2,221   2,233   2,244   2,220   2,217   2,221   2,222   2,226   2,233
           Insurance carriers................ 1,520.6 1,501.7 1,510.9 1,520.8   1,513   1,500   1,502   1,503   1,507   1,513
           Insurance agents, brokers, and                                                                                    
              service........................   710.6   718.8   722.1   723.4     707     717     719     719     719     720
         Real estate.........................   1,436   1,422   1,455   1,477   1,385   1,409   1,417   1,418   1,416   1,424
                                                                                                                             
       Services2.............................  34,807  35,584  35,860  35,998  34,465  35,176  35,334  35,451  35,521  35,634
         Agricultural services...............   698.2   724.1   747.3   751.8     628     648     664     669     670     676
         Hotels and other lodging places..... 1,861.0 1,770.1 1,850.8 1,893.8   1,718   1,746   1,756   1,752   1,746   1,748
         Personal services................... 1,144.0 1,175.7 1,168.0 1,153.5   1,184   1,196   1,193   1,189   1,193   1,194
         Business services................... 7,314.1 7,568.4 7,655.6 7,699.2   7,288   7,577   7,594   7,618   7,645   7,675
           Services to buildings.............   903.2   906.3   910.2   905.0     898     896     902     903     902     900
           Personnel supply services......... 2,690.7 2,703.5 2,742.6 2,766.9   2,683   2,787   2,752   2,744   2,748   2,759
             Help supply services............ 2,386.1 2,369.0 2,402.2 2,421.2   2,376   2,457   2,419   2,409   2,407   2,411
           Computer and data processing                                                                                      
              services....................... 1,206.0 1,319.0 1,333.6 1,345.6   1,209   1,291   1,306   1,322   1,337   1,349
         Auto repair, services, and parking.. 1,096.4 1,137.0 1,140.3 1,148.7   1,087   1,126   1,132   1,136   1,131   1,139
         Miscellaneous repair services.......   379.2   385.0   386.3   389.4     375     380     382     384     383     385
         Motion pictures.....................   535.3   533.8   540.4   544.0     527     529     528     532     535     535
         Amusement and recreation services... 1,734.8 1,624.3 1,804.9 1,848.9   1,472   1,494   1,503   1,542   1,561   1,568
         Health services..................... 9,507.2 9,658.3 9,692.4 9,730.0   9,478   9,612   9,644   9,673   9,670   9,701
           Offices and clinics of medical                                                                                    
              doctors........................ 1,688.6 1,735.8 1,744.6 1,753.3   1,682   1,721   1,728   1,740   1,740   1,747
           Nursing and personal care                                                                                         
              facilities..................... 1,741.3 1,757.4 1,762.6 1,770.3   1,735   1,753   1,760   1,764   1,761   1,764
           Hospitals......................... 3,825.7 3,858.9 3,874.0 3,892.6   3,812   3,852   3,857   3,864   3,867   3,879
           Home health care services.........   665.2   683.6   684.1   684.1     665     678     684     682     682     684
         Legal services......................   945.8   946.4   967.8   971.9     931     946     951     952     953     957
         Educational services................ 1,773.5 2,096.8 1,886.0 1,798.4   2,034   2,047   2,062   2,062   2,070   2,062
         Social services..................... 2,391.0 2,491.7 2,465.8 2,444.8   2,411   2,445   2,458   2,466   2,472   2,466
           Child day care services...........   513.8   607.5   573.4   535.4     570     580     581     587     589     593
           Residential care..................   681.1   695.7   704.7   705.3     674     690     694     695     698     698
         Museums and botanical and zoological                                                                                
           gardens...........................    93.3    90.6    95.0    96.5      85      87      87      88      88      88
         Membership organizations............ 2,248.9 2,199.1 2,236.9 2,277.7   2,183   2,193   2,199   2,201   2,202   2,211
         Engineering and management services. 2,868.4 2,966.7 3,006.4 3,031.8   2,849   2,934   2,965   2,971   2,986   3,012
           Engineering and architectural                                                                                     
              services.......................   850.5   869.0   884.3   890.5     838     866     869     869     876     877
           Management and public relations...   882.3   941.6   958.5   972.7     874     923     936     941     950     964
         Services, nec.......................    47.9    48.4    48.7    49.9   (1)     (1)     (1)     (1)     (1)     (1)  
                                                                                                                             
       Government............................  18,383  20,004  19,703  18,596  19,455  19,545  19,579  19,565  19,642  19,698
         Federal.............................   2,776   2,707   2,719   2,718   2,752   2,709   2,708   2,703   2,694   2,695
           Federal, except Postal Service.... 1,925.7 1,858.1 1,869.2 1,869.2   1,897   1,856   1,856   1,851   1,843   1,841
         State...............................   4,390   4,696   4,492   4,407   4,625   4,622   4,635   4,636   4,634   4,645
           Education......................... 1,643.4 2,001.7 1,765.2 1,664.4   1,931   1,929   1,938   1,943   1,943   1,954
           Other State government............ 2,746.6 2,694.4 2,727.1 2,742.8   2,694   2,693   2,697   2,693   2,691   2,691
         Local...............................  11,217  12,601  12,492  11,471  12,078  12,214  12,236  12,226  12,314  12,358
           Education......................... 5,613.1 7,248.5 6,932.0 5,771.4   6,767   6,853   6,858   6,850   6,908   6,956
           Other local government............ 5,603.9 5,352.2 5,560.2 5,699.6   5,311   5,361   5,378   5,376   5,406   5,402

       1 This series is not published seasonally adjusted because the seasonal component, which is small relative to the
     trend-cycle and irregular components, cannot be separated with sufficient precision.
       2 Includes other industries, not shown separately.
       p = preliminary.




     ESTABLISHMENT DATA                                                                                    ESTABLISHMENT DATA
     
     
     Table B-2. Average weekly hours of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by industry
                                                                                                                             
                                                                                                                             
                                                  Not seasonally adjusted                   Seasonally adjusted              
                                                                                                                             
                     Industry                                                                                                
                                                July    May     June    July    July    Mar.    Apr.    May     June    July 
                                                1996    1997   1997p   1997p    1996    1997    1997    1997   1997p   1997p 
                                                                                                                             
            Total private....................   34.6    34.5    34.9    34.7    34.3    34.8    34.5    34.5    34.7    34.4 
                                                                                                                             
     Goods-producing.........................   40.8    41.4    41.5    40.9    41.0    41.4    41.4    41.4    41.2    41.1 
                                                                                                                             
       Mining................................   44.8    45.8    45.8    44.6    45.0    45.9    45.3    46.0    45.4    44.8 
                                                                                                                             
       Construction..........................   39.8    39.7    39.6    40.0    38.7    38.9    38.9    39.4    38.8    38.9 
                                                                                                                             
       Manufacturing.........................   41.1    41.9    42.0    41.2    41.6    42.1    42.1    42.0    41.8    41.7 
           Overtime hours....................    4.3     4.7     4.7     4.5     4.5     4.9     4.9     4.8     4.7     4.6 
                                                                                                                             
        Durable goods........................   41.7    42.8    42.8    41.8    42.4    42.9    43.0    42.8    42.6    42.5 
           Overtime hours....................    4.4     5.0     5.0     4.6     4.7     5.2     5.3     5.2     5.0     4.9 
                                                                                                                             
         Lumber and wood products............   40.7    41.3    41.5    40.6    41.0    41.0    41.2    41.0    41.0    40.9 
         Furniture and fixtures..............   39.3    39.8    39.9    39.4    39.7    40.3    40.1    40.4    39.9    39.9 
         Stone, clay, and glass products.....   43.5    43.7    43.6    43.3    43.2    43.1    43.0    43.4    42.9    43.1 
         Primary metal industries............   43.6    44.7    44.8    43.5    44.0    44.8    45.1    44.8    44.7    44.0 
           Blast furnaces and basic steel                                                                                    
              products.......................   44.4    44.7    44.6    43.7    44.3    44.8    45.2    44.7    44.5    43.7 
         Fabricated metal products...........   41.6    42.5    42.7    41.8    42.4    42.6    42.9    42.6    42.5    42.6 
         Industrial machinery and equipment..   42.4    43.5    43.5    42.9    43.0    43.5    43.9    43.6    43.4    43.5 
         Electronic and other electrical                                                                                     
            equipment........................   40.6    41.7    41.9    40.8    41.3    42.1    42.3    42.0    41.9    41.6 
         Transportation equipment............   42.7    44.7    44.5    42.2    44.0    45.0    44.8    44.5    44.1    43.5 
           Motor vehicles and equipment......   43.4    45.5    45.2    41.7    45.2    45.7    45.3    45.2    44.7    43.5 
         Instruments and related products....   41.0    41.7    42.1    41.2    41.6    42.0    41.9    41.9    42.0    41.7 
         Miscellaneous manufacturing.........   38.8    40.0    40.2    39.4    39.7    40.2    40.5    40.3    40.2    40.3 
                                                                                                                             
        Nondurable goods.....................   40.2    40.6    40.7    40.3    40.5    40.9    40.9    40.8    40.7    40.6 
           Overtime hours....................    4.1     4.1     4.2     4.3     4.1     4.4     4.4     4.3     4.2     4.3 
                                                                                                                             
         Food and kindred products...........   40.9    41.1    40.9    41.1    40.8    41.3    41.1    41.4    41.0    41.1 
         Tobacco products....................   38.6    38.7    39.3    37.4    39.5    40.2    39.0    38.4    37.7    38.2 
         Textile mill products...............   40.2    41.2    41.7    40.6    40.9    41.2    41.7    41.4    41.2    41.3 
         Apparel and other textile products..   36.8    37.2    37.8    36.5    37.1    37.5    37.5    37.1    37.4    36.8 
         Paper and allied products...........   43.2    43.4    43.4    43.2    43.3    43.8    43.9    43.8    43.4    43.4 
         Printing and publishing.............   38.0    38.1    38.0    38.0    38.2    38.6    38.5    38.3    38.3    38.3 
         Chemicals and allied products.......   42.9    43.1    43.2    42.6    43.2    43.3    43.1    43.3    43.2    42.9 
         Petroleum and coal products.........   44.3    42.4    42.9    42.3    (2)     (2)     (2)     (2)     (2)     (2)  
         Rubber and misc. plastics products..   40.8    41.7    41.7    41.0    41.5    41.8    42.0    41.6    41.5    41.7 
         Leather and leather products........   37.7    38.2    38.7    37.4    38.3    38.7    38.5    38.2    38.0    38.0 
                                                                                                                             
     Service-producing.......................   32.9    32.7    33.1    33.0    32.5    33.0    32.7    32.7    32.9    32.6 
                                                                                                                             
       Transportation and public utilities...   39.7    39.3    39.8    39.3    39.4    39.8    39.3    39.5    39.6    38.9 
                                                                                                                             
       Wholesale trade.......................   38.1    38.5    38.8    38.4    38.1    38.6    38.4    38.4    38.6    38.4 
                                                                                                                             
       Retail trade..........................   29.4    28.8    29.4    29.6    28.7    29.1    28.9    28.9    28.9    28.8 
                                                                                                                             
       Finance, insurance, and real estate...   35.6    35.9    36.6    35.9    (2)     (2)     (2)     (2)     (2)     (2)  
                                                                                                                             
       Services..............................   32.5    32.4    32.8    32.7    (2)     (2)     (2)     (2)     (2)     (2)  

       1 Data relate to production workers in mining and manufacturing; construction workers in construction; and
     nonsupervisory workers in transportation and public utilities; wholesale and retail trade; finance, insurance, and real
     estate; and services. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employees on private nonfarm
     payrolls.
       2 These series are not published seasonally adjusted because the seasonal component, which is small relative to the
     trend-cycle and irregular components, cannot be separated with sufficient precision.
       p = preliminary.




     ESTABLISHMENT DATA                                                                                    ESTABLISHMENT DATA
     
     
     Table B-3. Average hourly and weekly earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by
     industry
                                                                                                                             
                                                                                                                             
                                                      Average hourly earnings                 Average weekly earnings        
                                                                                                                             
                     Industry                                                                                                
                                                 July      May       June      July      July      May       June      July  
                                                 1996      1997     1997p     1997p      1996      1997     1997p     1997p  
                                                                                                                             
            Total private....................  $11.73    $12.17    $12.16    $12.14    $405.86   $419.87   $424.38   $421.26 
             Seasonally adjusted.............   11.81     12.19     12.23     12.23     405.08    420.56    424.38    420.71 
                                                                                                                             
     Goods-producing.........................   13.54     13.83     13.85     13.95     552.43    572.56    574.78    570.56 
                                                                                                                             
       Mining................................   15.54     15.98     16.12     15.96     696.19    731.88    738.30    711.82 
                                                                                                                             
       Construction..........................   15.51     15.83     15.88     16.01     617.30    628.45    628.85    640.40 
                                                                                                                             
       Manufacturing.........................   12.79     13.09     13.09     13.14     525.67    548.47    549.78    541.37 
                                                                                                                             
        Durable goods........................   13.35     13.64     13.65     13.65     556.70    583.79    584.22    570.57 
         Lumber and wood products............   10.47     10.71     10.75     10.81     426.13    442.32    446.13    438.89 
         Furniture and fixtures..............   10.13     10.47     10.51     10.50     398.11    416.71    419.35    413.70 
         Stone, clay, and glass products.....   12.94     13.12     13.14     13.17     562.89    573.34    572.90    570.26 
         Primary metal industries............   15.08     15.09     15.17     15.41     657.49    674.52    679.62    670.34 
           Blast furnaces and basic steel                                                                                    
              products.......................   17.96     17.84     18.01     18.23     797.42    797.45    803.25    796.65 
         Fabricated metal products...........   12.51     12.78     12.79     12.74     520.42    543.15    546.13    532.53 
         Industrial machinery and equipment..   13.55     13.92     13.95     14.00     574.52    605.52    606.83    600.60 
         Electronic and other electrical                                                                                     
            equipment........................   12.26     12.56     12.59     12.69     497.76    523.75    527.52    517.75 
         Transportation equipment............   17.29     17.47     17.44     17.31     738.28    780.91    776.08    730.48 
           Motor vehicles and equipment......   17.89     17.97     17.90     17.65     776.43    817.64    809.08    736.01 
         Instruments and related products....   13.18     13.52     13.53     13.55     540.38    563.78    569.61    558.26 
         Miscellaneous manufacturing.........   10.37     10.52     10.49     10.52     402.36    420.80    421.70    414.49 
                                                                                                                             
        Nondurable goods.....................   12.00     12.27     12.26     12.40     482.40    498.16    498.98    499.72 
         Food and kindred products...........   11.25     11.48     11.44     11.53     460.13    471.83    467.90    473.88 
         Tobacco products....................   20.98     20.76     20.81     21.37     809.83    803.41    817.83    799.24 
         Textile mill products...............    9.68      9.94      9.97     10.00     389.14    409.53    415.75    406.00 
         Apparel and other textile products..    7.95      8.23      8.25      8.21     292.56    306.16    311.85    299.67 
         Paper and allied products...........   14.79     14.98     15.00     15.21     638.93    650.13    651.00    657.07 
         Printing and publishing.............   12.63     12.93     12.90     13.07     479.94    492.63    490.20    496.66 
         Chemicals and allied products.......   16.16     16.47     16.52     16.62     693.26    709.86    713.66    708.01 
         Petroleum and coal products.........   19.02     19.98     19.93     19.99     842.59    847.15    855.00    845.58 
         Rubber and misc. plastics products..   11.25     11.50     11.52     11.62     459.00    479.55    480.38    476.42 
         Leather and leather products........    8.43      8.89      8.93      8.76     317.81    339.60    345.59    327.62 
                                                                                                                             
     Service-producing.......................   11.12     11.61     11.59     11.55     365.85    379.65    383.63    381.15 
                                                                                                                             
       Transportation and public utilities...  $14.44    $14.72    $14.73    $14.85    $573.27   $578.50   $586.25   $583.61 
                                                                                                                             
       Wholesale trade.......................   12.82     13.32     13.36     13.36     488.44    512.82    518.37    513.02 
                                                                                                                             
       Retail trade..........................    7.93      8.27      8.27      8.26     233.14    238.18    243.14    244.50 
                                                                                                                             
       Finance, insurance, and real estate...   12.69     13.18     13.18     13.12     451.76    473.16    482.39    471.01 
                                                                                                                             
       Services..............................   11.60     12.17     12.15     12.07     377.00    394.31    398.52    394.69 

       1 See footnote 1, table B-2.
       p = preliminary.




                ESTABLISHMENT DATA                                                              ESTABLISHMENT DATA
                
                
                Table B-4. Average hourly earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm
                payrolls by industry, seasonally adjusted
                                                                                                                  
                                                                                                                  
                                                                                                         Percent  
                                                   July     Mar.     Apr.      May     June     July      change  
                            Industry               1996     1997     1997     1997     1997p    1997p     from:   
                                                                                                        June 1997-
                                                                                                        July 1997 
                                                                                                                  
                Total private:                                                                                    
                   Current dollars..............   $11.81   $12.14   $12.14   $12.19   $12.23   $12.23      0.0   
                   Constant (1982) dollars2.....     7.42     7.49     7.49     7.52     7.54     N.A.     (3)    
                                                                                                                  
                  Goods-producing...............    13.49    13.79    13.80    13.85    13.86    13.88       .1   
                    Mining......................    15.61    15.94    15.96    16.05    16.13    16.03      -.6   
                    Construction................    15.47    15.80    15.86    15.91    15.95    15.97       .1   
                    Manufacturing...............    12.80    13.07    13.07    13.11    13.11    13.14       .2   
                      Excluding overtime4.......    12.14    12.37    12.38    12.38    12.42    12.44       .2   
                                                                                                                  
                  Service-producing.............    11.25    11.59    11.58    11.63    11.69    11.68      -.1   
                    Transportation and public                                                                     
                       utilities................    14.45    14.73    14.76    14.80    14.80    14.85       .3   
                    Wholesale trade.............    12.84    13.30    13.27    13.33    13.42    13.37      -.4   
                    Retail trade................     7.98     8.25     8.26     8.28     8.30     8.31       .1   
                    Finance, insurance, and real                                                                  
                       estate...................    12.80    13.12    13.00    13.18    13.24    13.24       .0   
                    Services....................    11.78    12.16    12.16    12.20    12.26    12.26       .0   

                  1 See footnote 1, table B-2.
                  2 The Consumer Price Index for Urban Wage Earners and Clerical Workers (CPI-W) is used to
                deflate this series.
                  3 Change was .3 percent from May 1997 to June 1997, the latest month available.
                  4 Derived by assuming that overtime hours are paid at the rate of time and one-half.
                    N.A. = not available.
                  p = preliminary.




     ESTABLISHMENT DATA                                                                                    ESTABLISHMENT DATA
     
     
     Table B-5. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by
     industry
     
     (1982=100)
                                                                                                                             
                                                                                                                             
                                                  Not seasonally adjusted                   Seasonally adjusted              
                                                                                                                             
                     Industry                                                                                                
                                               July    May    June     July    July    Mar.    Apr.    May    June     July  
                                               1996   1997    1997p    1997p   1996    1997    1997   1997    1997p    1997p 
                                                                                                                             
            Total private....................  138.5  140.2   143.0    142.5   136.1  140.2   139.6   140.0   140.6    139.9 
                                                                                                                             
     Goods-producing.........................  112.1  113.8   115.4    113.9   110.9  113.3   113.3   113.7   112.8    112.7 
                                                                                                                             
       Mining................................   55.6   56.9    57.5     56.5    54.7   56.6    55.8    57.3    56.3     55.6 
                                                                                                                             
       Construction..........................  162.4  158.8   163.5    169.4   147.4  154.0   153.2   156.2   153.2    153.8 
                                                                                                                             
       Manufacturing.........................  104.9  107.9   108.9    105.6   106.8  108.3   108.5   108.3   107.8    107.6 
                                                                                                                             
        Durable goods........................  106.3  111.5   112.5    108.1   108.9  111.3   111.7   111.4   111.0    110.8 
         Lumber and wood products............  140.0  143.2   146.3    142.7   139.0  142.2   143.3   142.9   142.4    141.6 
         Furniture and fixtures..............  120.0  126.1   127.1    123.1   124.2  127.3   126.7   128.0   126.7    127.6 
         Stone, clay, and glass products.....  112.2  112.4   113.5    112.6   109.7  110.0   109.2   110.2   108.7    110.2 
         Primary metal industries............   89.7   93.7    94.3     89.9    91.6   93.9    94.5    93.9    93.9     91.9 
           Blast furnaces and basic steel                                                                                    
              products.......................   74.0   72.5    73.1     71.0    74.0   73.2    73.8    72.6    72.3     71.0 
         Fabricated metal products...........  111.2  116.9   118.4    113.5   114.7  116.7   118.0   117.1   117.1    117.1 
         Industrial machinery and equipment..  102.3  108.7   108.9    106.2   104.5  107.7   109.2   108.5   108.1    108.4 
         Electronic and other electrical                                                                                     
            equipment........................  105.0  107.4   108.5    105.0   107.8  108.8   109.1   108.2   108.3    107.9 
         Transportation equipment............  116.9  128.1   128.6    119.1   123.0  127.6   126.5   126.8   126.0    125.4 
           Motor vehicles and equipment......  154.5  168.3   169.1    150.5   165.8  167.9   164.4   165.4   165.3    161.9 
         Instruments and related products....   73.3   74.9    76.1     73.7    74.7   75.4    75.1    75.1    75.6     75.1 
         Miscellaneous manufacturing.........   97.4  102.3   103.3     98.5   101.6  102.5   103.3   103.2   102.5    103.2 
                                                                                                                             
        Nondurable goods.....................  103.0  102.9   104.0    102.2   103.9  104.3   104.2   104.0   103.5    103.1 
         Food and kindred products...........  117.4  113.4   115.3    118.2   114.7  117.4   117.0   117.3   116.1    115.7 
         Tobacco products....................   53.2   53.7    54.5     52.5    62.6   63.7    59.9    58.9    57.9     60.5 
         Textile mill products...............   87.1   88.6    89.9     85.9    89.4   88.8    89.6    88.8    88.2     88.2 
         Apparel and other textile products..   74.5   73.6    74.8     69.4    77.2   74.3    73.9    73.0    73.3     71.9 
         Paper and allied products...........  108.7  109.1   109.7    109.1   108.5  110.2   110.4   110.4   109.0    109.0 
         Printing and publishing.............  122.6  124.1   124.0    123.5   123.7  124.3   124.7   125.1   125.2    125.1 
         Chemicals and allied products.......  100.4   99.6   100.5     99.0   101.0  100.3    99.9   100.5    99.9     99.4 
         Petroleum and coal products.........   79.7   75.0    76.4     76.1    77.1   76.1    73.6    75.0    74.2     73.6 
         Rubber and misc. plastics products..  138.8  145.1   146.1    140.4   143.0  145.0   145.9   144.7   144.2    144.9 
         Leather and leather products........   40.3   41.8    42.0     37.4    43.0   42.8    42.0    41.7    40.9     40.3 
                                                                                                                             
     Service-producing.......................  150.4  152.1   155.4    155.3   147.5  152.3   151.3   151.8   153.1    152.1 
                                                                                                                             
       Transportation and public utilities...  128.2  130.4   132.6    129.8   127.6  131.4   130.1   131.0   131.2    129.0 
                                                                                                                             
       Wholesale trade.......................  123.3  126.3   128.0    127.0   122.2  126.3   125.7   125.9   126.4    126.1 
                                                                                                                             
       Retail trade..........................  138.9  137.9   141.8    142.8   134.5  138.5   137.9   138.0   138.2    138.0 
                                                                                                                             
       Finance, insurance, and real estate...  126.0  127.2   131.6    130.0   124.0  129.0   126.7   127.3   130.6    127.9 
                                                                                                                             
       Services..............................  179.9  183.2   186.6    187.1   176.5  182.6   181.7   182.3   184.4    183.3 

       1 See footnote 1, table B-2.
       p = preliminary.




      ESTABLISHMENT DATA                                                                                   ESTABLISHMENT DATA
      
      
      Table B-6.  Diffusion indexes of employment change, seasonally adjusted
      
      (Percent)
                                                                                                                             
                                                                                                                             
             Time span          Jan.    Feb.    Mar.    Apr.    May     June    July    Aug.   Sept.    Oct.    Nov.    Dec. 
                                                                                                                             
                              
                                                         Private nonfarm payrolls, 356 industries1
                              
                                                                                                                             
                                                                                                                             
      Over 1-month span:                                                                                                     
           1993..............   59.7    61.0    49.6    57.6    61.5    56.2    55.5    58.3    62.2    59.6    61.7    59.3 
           1994..............   57.6    61.9    67.1    64.5    57.7    63.9    62.5    62.6    61.4    60.3    63.8    62.4 
           1995..............   62.4    60.1    54.5    55.6    48.0    53.9    54.1    59.8    57.0    54.9    57.2    57.9 
           1996..............   51.7    64.3    60.1    54.9    62.9    60.5    56.5    59.3    54.4    62.6    58.1    61.0 
           1997..............   59.3    59.1    59.0    61.1    57.4   p52.0   p58.7                                         
                                                                                                                             
                                                                                                                             
      Over 3-month span:                                                                                                     
           1993..............   64.7    60.8    60.5    58.6    62.9    63.6    59.6    62.9    64.7    66.9    64.3    63.6 
           1994..............   65.3    69.5    70.4    68.7    67.1    67.0    69.1    69.7    65.7    65.6    67.0    66.2 
           1995..............   65.4    62.5    58.7    53.2    54.6    52.4    57.9    59.6    59.7    59.0    57.0    56.3 
           1996..............   62.6    63.6    62.6    61.2    62.1    63.1    62.6    58.8    62.8    60.4    64.7    65.0 
           1997..............   64.6    62.2    64.2    65.6   p60.0   p59.8                                                 
                                                                                                                             
                                                                                                                             
      Over 6-month span:                                                                                                     
           1993..............   62.9    64.6    64.3    64.3    62.2    65.6    66.0    64.9    66.3    66.7    69.4    69.2 
           1994..............   71.1    69.8    69.8    70.9    70.1    69.8    69.7    69.4    69.4    67.4    67.7    66.2 
           1995..............   66.9    61.4    58.1    56.6    58.1    58.1    56.7    59.8    60.3    59.1    61.5    63.3 
           1996..............   62.2    63.5    63.5    63.5    62.6    61.2    65.3    63.6    62.6    64.5    64.2    67.4 
           1997..............   67.6    66.6   p65.2   p64.2                                                                 
                                                                                                                             
                                                                                                                             
      Over 12-month span:                                                                                                    
           1993..............   64.9    63.9    64.0    65.4    67.0    67.6    67.6    67.0    70.2    69.5    69.2    70.1 
           1994..............   70.2    71.6    71.8    71.8    72.1    71.8    71.5    72.1    70.1    69.5    66.6    65.0 
           1995..............   63.6    62.4    62.6    63.3    61.7    61.9    58.7    62.2    62.2    61.1    62.2    63.3 
           1996..............   63.5    64.7    62.4    62.9    64.7    64.2    65.0    63.1    63.8    66.7    65.7   p65.3 
           1997..............  p66.9                                                                                         
                                                                                                                             
                              
                                                          Manufacturing payrolls, 139 industries1
                              
                                                                                                                             
                                                                                                                             
      Over 1-month span:                                                                                                     
           1993..............   52.2    56.8    49.6    44.2    53.2    46.4    49.3    51.8    57.9    52.2    54.0    55.8 
           1994..............   55.8    59.0    60.4    58.6    52.9    58.6    59.4    56.1    52.9    55.0    58.6    58.3 
           1995..............   54.3    56.1    44.2    51.4    42.1    42.8    43.5    52.2    47.1    50.0    47.5    50.7 
           1996..............   45.7    54.3    47.8    39.2    52.2    52.2    44.2    52.9    44.2    50.7    49.6    52.2 
           1997..............   54.0    50.4    52.9    52.9    51.4   p50.4   p50.0                                         
                                                                                                                             
                                                                                                                             
      Over 3-month span:                                                                                                     
           1993..............   61.5    59.0    54.0    46.8    48.6    54.3    51.1    58.3    57.2    59.4    54.7    58.3 
           1994..............   61.9    64.7    65.5    59.7    57.6    60.1    62.2    57.9    55.0    55.4    60.1    59.4 
           1995..............   59.7    50.4    47.5    40.3    42.4    36.3    38.5    43.9    49.3    46.4    45.3    43.9 
           1996..............   47.5    47.8    42.1    38.5    43.2    45.0    48.9    43.2    50.4    46.4    52.5    52.5 
           1997..............   53.2    51.4    50.7    52.5   p50.0   p48.6                                                 
                                                                                                                             
                                                                                                                             
      Over 6-month span:                                                                                                     
           1993..............   55.8    58.6    58.6    55.8    51.8    57.2    59.7    57.2    57.6    58.3    62.6    60.8 
           1994..............   62.2    62.2    62.6    63.3    59.4    56.5    56.5    58.6    58.6    55.0    58.3    55.0 
           1995..............   55.8    48.6    43.9    38.8    39.2    39.6    38.8    39.6    43.9    45.0    44.2    44.6 
           1996..............   41.4    41.7    41.0    38.1    39.6    40.6    47.5    46.8    45.3    50.4    48.2    53.2 
           1997..............   53.2    53.2   p51.8   p47.8                                                                 
                                                                                                                             
                                                                                                                             
      Over 12-month span:                                                                                                    
           1993..............   56.8    57.9    55.8    58.6    57.2    57.6    58.6    59.0    61.2    59.7    60.1    57.6 
           1994..............   57.9    58.6    60.8    60.8    60.8    63.3    59.4    60.1    57.2    56.5    50.4    49.6 
           1995..............   46.0    44.2    46.0    47.8    41.0    41.7    38.5    38.8    36.3    37.4    38.1    39.9 
           1996..............   39.6    42.8    39.2    39.6    42.4    40.3    43.5    40.3    43.5    46.8    46.4   p47.5 
           1997..............  p51.8                                                                                         

        1 Based on seasonally adjusted data for 1-, 3-, and 6-month spans and unadjusted data for the 12-month span. Data are
      centered within the span. 
        p = preliminary.
        NOTE:  Figures are the percent of industries with employment increasing plus one-half of the industries with
      unchanged employment, where 50 percent indicates an equal balance between industries with increasing and decreasing
      employment.