U.S. IMPORT AND EXPORT PRICE INDEXES – FEBRUARY 2019 

Prices for U.S. imports advanced 0.6 percent in February, the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported 

today, after ticking up 0.1 percent in January and falling 1.4 percent in December. The February increase 

was led by higher fuel prices. U.S. export prices rose 0.6 percent in February following decreases of 0.5 

percent and 0.7 percent the previous 2 months.

Chart 1. One-month and 12-month percent changes in the Import Price Index: February 2018 – February 2019

Imports 

U.S. import prices increased 0.6 percent in February, the largest monthly rise since a 0.9-percent advance in 

May. Despite the February increase, import prices declined 1.3 percent from February 2018 to February 

2019. Both fuel and nonfuel prices contributed to the 12-month decrease. (See table 1.)

Fuel Imports: Prices for import fuel rose 4.9 percent in February, after advancing 4.1 percent in January 

and falling 13.3 percent in December. The February increase was the largest monthly advance since a 6.1-

percent rise in May. Higher prices for both petroleum and natural gas contributed to the February increase. 

Petroleum prices advanced 4.7 percent in February and prices for natural gas rose 10.5 percent over the 

same period. Despite the February increase, fuel prices fell 6.5 percent over the past 12 months. Prices for 

petroleum drove the 12-month decline, falling 7.9 percent. Natural gas prices partially offset the over-theyear decline, rising 17.5 percent. 

0.2

-0.2

0.5

0.9

0.0

-0.1 -0.4

0.1

0.5

-1.6 -1.4

0.1

0.6

3.3 3.3 3.5

4.5 4.7 4.8

3.8

3.1 3.4

0.7

-0.9

-1.6

-1.3

-3.0

-2.0

-1.0

0.0

1.0

2.0

3.0

4.0

5.0

6.0

Feb'18 Mar Apr May Jun July Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb'19

1-month percent change 12-month percent change

Transmission of material in this release is embargoed until 

8:30 a.m. (EDT) Thursday, March 14, 2019 

Technical information: (202) 691-7101 • MXPinfo@bls.gov • www.bls.gov/mxp 

Media contact: (202) 691-5902 • PressOffice@bls.gov 

USDL-19-0402
2

All Imports Excluding Fuel: Nonfuel import prices recorded no change in February following a 0.3-

percent decrease in January. Rising prices for consumer goods and nonfuel industrial supplies and materials 

offset declining prices for foods, feeds, and beverages and capital goods. Prices for automotive vehicles 

recorded no change. The price index for nonfuel imports declined 0.6 percent over the past 12 months, the 

largest over-the-year drop since September 2016. 

Nonfuel Industrial Supplies and Materials: Nonfuel industrial supplies and materials prices increased 0.3 

percent in February. Higher prices for lumber, copper, and nickel contributed to the February advance. 

 

Finished Goods: Import prices for finished goods were mixed in February. The price index for consumer 

goods rose 0.3 percent, driven by higher prices for medicinal, dental, and pharmaceutical materials. Capital 

goods prices edged down 0.1 percent and automotive vehicle prices recorded no change. 

Foods, Feeds, and Beverages: Prices for foods, feeds, and beverages fell 0.8 percent in February. The 

monthly drop was led by a 7.3-percent decline in vegetable prices. A 2.1-percent rise in meat prices partially 

offset the decrease in foods, feeds, and beverages prices. 

Table A. Percent change in Import and Export Price Indexes, selected categories 
3

Chart 2. One-month and 12-month percent change in the Export Price Index: February 2018 – February 2019 

Exports 

U.S. export prices rose 0.6 percent in February following a 0.5-percent decline in January and a 0.7-percent 

drop in December. Higher prices for both agricultural and nonagricultural commodities contributed to the 

February increase. The price index for U.S. exports advanced 0.3 percent over the past 12 months driven by 

higher nonagricultural prices. (See table 2.)

Agricultural Exports: Export prices for agricultural commodities rose 0.3 percent in February, after falling 

2.1 percent in January. Despite the February advance, overall agricultural prices fell 0.2 percent over the 

past 12 months. Lower prices for soybeans, meat, and nuts drove the 12-month decline.

All Exports Excluding Agriculture: Nonagricultural export prices increased 0.7 percent in February, the 

largest monthly rise since April 2018. Higher prices for nonagricultural industrial supplies and materials led 

the February increase, with rising prices for each of the finished goods categories contributing to the 

advance. The price index for nonagricultural exports increased 0.3 percent for the year ended in February 

following a 0.2-percent decline for the 12-month period ended in January. The 12-month rise in February 

was driven mostly by higher prices for capital goods, offsetting lower prices for nonagricultural industrial 

supplies and materials.

Nonagricultural Industrial Supplies and Materials: Nonagricultural industrial supplies and materials prices 

rose 1.6 percent in February, after recording a 1.4-percent decline in January. Higher prices for fuel led the 

February increase, with rising prices for gold contributing as well.

Finished Goods: Prices for finished goods were up in February. Capital goods prices rose 0.2 percent, 

primarily driven by higher prices for transportation equipment. Prices for export automotive vehicles 

increased 0.4 percent, the largest monthly advance since January 2018. In February, consumer goods prices 

rose 0.3 percent. 

0.2 0.4 0.5

0.7

0.2

-0.5 -0.1

0.0

0.5

-0.8 -0.7 -0.5

0.6

3.1 3.4 3.7

5.0 5.3

4.3

3.6

2.7

3.1

1.8

1.0

-0.2

0.3

-2.0

-1.0

0.0

1.0

2.0

3.0

4.0

5.0

6.0

7.0

Feb'18 Mar Apr May Jun July Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb'19

1-month percent change 12-month percent change
4

Measures of Import and Export Prices by Locality 

Imports by Locality of Origin: Import prices from China recorded no change in February following a 0.3-

percent drop in January and a 0.1-percent decline in December. Prices for imports from China decreased 0.7 

percent for the year ended in February, the largest over-the-year drop since the index fell 0.8 percent in 

October 2017. The price index for imports from Japan ticked up 0.1 percent in February, after recording no 

change in January. Import prices from Canada rose 2.3 percent in February, and prices for imports from 

Mexico advanced 0.5 percent over the same period. The price index for imports from the European Union 

increased 0.4 percent in February following a 0.1-percent rise in January. The February advance was the 

largest monthly rise since the index increased 0.6 percent in April 2018. (See table 7.)

Exports by Locality of Destination: The price index for exports to China advanced 0.7 percent in February 

following a 0.1-percent drop the previous month. Higher prices for both manufactured and nonmanufactured 

exports contributed to the increase. Export prices to Japan rose 1.2 percent in February, the largest monthly 

increase since the index advanced 1.4 percent in February 2018. Prices for exports to Canada increased 0.4 

percent in February, after declining 2.7 percent the previous month. The price index for exports to Mexico 

rose 0.5 percent in February following a 1.4-percent decline in January. Export prices to the European 

Union increased 0.6 percent in February, the largest monthly rise since the index advanced 0.7 percent in 

April 2018. (See table 8.) 

Terms of Trade Indexes: Terms of Trade indexes are based on country, region, or grouping and measure 

the change in the purchasing power of exports relative to imports. The U.S. terms of trade with China rose 

0.7 percent in February, after rising 0.2 percent in January and falling 0.5 percent in December. In February, 

the U.S. terms of trade rose because export prices to China advanced and import prices from China recorded 

no change. The U.S. terms of trade with Japan increased 1.1 percent in February, the largest monthly rise 

since the index advanced 1.2 percent in February 2018. Higher export prices to Japan more than offset rising 

import prices from Japan in February. The U.S. terms of trade index with Canada declined 1.9 percent in 

February, after a 10.2-percent decrease in January and a 6.7-percent advance in December. The index for 

U.S. terms of trade with Mexico recorded no change in February, and the U.S. terms of trade with the 

European Union rose 0.2 percent for the second consecutive month. (See table 9.) 

Import and Export Services 

Imports: The price index for import air passenger fares decreased 2.0 percent in February following a 3.8-

percent decline in January. A 9.0-percent drop in Asian fares and a 1.7-percent fall in European fares 

contributed to the decrease in February. Import air passenger fares declined 1.7 percent over the past year. 

Import air freight prices fell 6.3 percent in February; the drop was the largest monthly decrease since the 

index was first published on a monthly basis in December 2005. Despite the recent drop, import air freight 

prices rose 1.2 percent over the past year. (See table 10.)

Exports: The index for export air passenger fares declined 8.9 percent in February, the largest monthly 

decrease since the index fell 11.6 percent in February 2017. The decline was led by a 13.6-percent drop in 

Asian fares and an 11.6-percent decrease in Latin American/Caribbean fares. Export air passenger fares 

decreased 4.0 percent from February 2018 to February 2019. Export air freight prices increased 0.4 percent 

in February, after ticking down 0.1 percent in both January and December. Export air freight prices 

advanced 3.8 percent over the past 12 months. 

 

Import and Export Price Index data for March are scheduled for release on Friday, April 12, 2019 at 8:30 a.m. 

(EDT). 
Table 1. U.S. import price indexes and percent changes for selected categories of goods: February 2018 to

February 2019

[2000=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description End Use

Relative

importance

Jan.

20191

Index Percent change

Jan.

2019

Feb.

2019

Annual Monthly

Feb.

2018 to

Feb.

2019

Oct.

2018 to

Nov.

2018

Nov.

2018 to

Dec.

2018

Dec.

2018 to

Jan.

2019

Jan.

2019 to

Feb.

2019

All commodities................................... 100.000 124.5 125.2 -1.3 -1.6 -1.4 0.1 0.6

All imports excluding food and fuels (Dec.

2010=100)........................................ 84.644 99.8 100.0 -0.3 -0.1 0.0 -0.3 0.2

All imports excluding petroleum.............. 91.224 113.0 113.1 -0.5 0.1 0.2 -0.6 0.1

All imports excluding fuels (Dec.

2001=100)........................................ 90.716 117.0 117.0 -0.6 -0.2 0.0 -0.3 0.0

Foods, feeds, & beverages................... 0 6.073 179.7 178.2 -3.4 -1.6 0.2 -0.4 -0.8

Agricultural foods, feeds & beverages,

excluding distilled beverages............. 00 4.732 197.0 194.9 -4.0 -2.0 0.6 -0.7 -1.1

Nonagricultural foods (fish, distilled

beverages).................................. 01 1.341 140.5 140.6 -1.0 0.0 -1.5 0.4 0.1

Industrial supplies & materials.............. 1 23.464 179.7 183.6 -3.2 -5.8 -5.7 1.1 2.2

Industrial supplies & materials excluding

petroleum.................................... 14.896 156.3 157.5 0.1 1.5 0.8 -2.7 0.8

Industrial supplies & materials excluding

fuels (Dec. 2001=100)..................... 14.181 176.5 177.1 -0.7 -0.3 -0.1 -0.8 0.3

Industrial supplies & materials, durable. . .. 8.847 166.1 166.9 -1.6 -0.6 0.2 -0.7 0.5

Industrial supplies & materials nondurable

excluding petroleum....................... 5.841 144.4 145.9 2.6 4.5 1.7 -5.2 1.0

Fuels & lubricants............................. 10 9.284 186.3 195.5 -6.5 -12.2 -13.3 4.1 4.9

Petroleum & petroleum products......... 100 8.776 199.7 209.1 -7.9 -14.9 -15.3 7.1 4.7

Crude........................................ 10000 6.120 199.4 212.4 -9.5 -18.6 -19.3 11.9 6.5

Fuels, n.e.s.-coals & gas.................. 101 0.507 115.1 125.2 11.8 45.2 13.8 -30.1 8.8

Gas-natural.................................. 10110 0.410 101.0 111.6 17.5 62.4 18.4 -34.1 10.5

Paper & paper base stocks.................. 11 0.599 124.8 124.6 10.6 0.2 1.0 -0.1 -0.2

Materials associated with nondurable

supplies & materials....................... 12 4.734 161.1 161.3 -0.3 0.1 -0.9 -0.9 0.1

Selected building materials.................. 13 1.510 143.6 145.1 -5.0 -1.4 0.8 -0.6 1.0

Unfinished metals related to durable

goods........................................ 14 3.754 229.5 232.3 -1.8 -0.7 0.5 -1.4 1.2

Finished metals related to durable

goods........................................ 15 1.806 159.7 158.8 -1.5 -0.2 -0.2 -0.2 -0.6

Nonmetals related to durable goods. . . . . .. 16 1.777 113.9 113.6 2.5 0.2 -0.3 0.0 -0.3

Capital goods................................... 2 28.289 89.1 89.0 -0.7 -0.1 -0.1 0.0 -0.1

Electric generating equipment............... 20 3.418 118.1 118.0 0.3 0.0 0.0 0.1 -0.1

Nonelectrical machinery...................... 21 22.570 81.4 81.3 -0.9 -0.2 -0.1 -0.1 -0.1

Transportation equipment excluding motor

vehicles (Dec. 2001=100)................. 22 2.301 135.8 135.9 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.8 0.1

Automotive vehicles, parts & engines..... 3 15.880 110.3 110.3 -0.5 -0.1 0.1 -0.2 0.0

Consumer goods, excluding

automotives.................................. 4 26.294 107.1 107.4 0.1 0.0 0.1 -0.3 0.3

Nondurables, manufactured................. 40 12.484 123.1 123.5 1.1 -0.1 0.1 -0.1 0.3

Durables, manufactured...................... 41 12.537 92.0 91.9 -1.3 0.1 -0.1 -0.4 -0.1

Nonmanufactured consumer goods. . . . . . .. 42 1.273 117.0 120.1 1.0 0.4 1.8 -0.6 2.6

1 Relative importance figures are based on 2017 trade values.

NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication.

Dash = Not available

5
Table 2. U.S. export price indexes and percent changes for selected categories of goods: February 2018 to

February 2019

[2000=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description End Use

Relative

importance

Jan.

20191

Index Percent change

Jan.

2019

Feb.

2019

Annual Monthly

Feb.

2018 to

Feb.

2019

Oct.

2018 to

Nov.

2018

Nov.

2018 to

Dec.

2018

Dec.

2018 to

Jan.

2019

Jan.

2019 to

Feb.

2019

All commodities................................... 100.000 125.4 126.2 0.3 -0.8 -0.7 -0.5 0.6

Agricultural commodities....................... 9.655 178.6 179.2 -0.2 1.7 3.7 -2.1 0.3

All exports excluding food and fuels (Dec.

2010=100)........................................ 80.819 101.3 101.6 0.6 0.0 -0.1 0.0 0.3

Nonagricultural commodities.................. 90.345 121.3 122.1 0.3 -1.0 -1.1 -0.3 0.7

Foods, feeds, & beverages................... 0 8.946 181.4 181.9 0.4 1.8 3.7 -2.0 0.3

Agricultural foods, feeds & beverages,

excluding distilled beverages............. 00 8.325 179.6 179.9 0.2 2.0 4.0 -2.1 0.2

Nonagricultural foods (fish, distilled

beverages).................................. 01 0.621 216.2 220.2 3.5 0.3 -0.6 0.2 1.9

Industrial supplies & materials.............. 1 32.074 153.7 156.1 -1.2 -2.9 -3.2 -1.4 1.6

Industrial supplies & materials, durable. . .. 10.246 163.5 165.1 -0.8 0.4 -0.1 0.4 1.0

Industrial supplies & materials,

nondurable.................................. 21.828 149.5 152.3 -1.3 -4.4 -4.7 -2.2 1.9

Agricultural industrial supplies &

materials..................................... 10 1.299 178.1 180.2 -2.4 0.1 1.9 -1.9 1.2

Nonagricultural industrial supplies &

materials...................................... 30.775 152.9 155.4 -1.1 -3.0 -3.4 -1.4 1.6

Fuels & lubricants............................. 11 10.236 176.1 183.5 -2.7 -8.8 -8.5 -3.6 4.2

Nonagricultural supplies & materials

excluding fuels & building materials. . . .. 12 19.537 157.7 158.2 -0.4 0.2 -0.9 -0.3 0.3

Selected building materials.................. 13 1.002 121.9 122.6 -0.1 -0.4 -0.5 1.0 0.6

Capital goods................................... 2 36.251 110.5 110.7 1.6 0.0 0.1 0.4 0.2

Electrical generating equipment............. 20 3.776 117.3 117.4 2.2 0.0 0.2 0.1 0.1

Nonelectrical machinery...................... 21 23.842 95.1 95.1 0.7 -0.1 0.0 0.2 0.0

Transportation equipment excluding motor

vehicles (Dec. 2001=100)................. 22 8.633 179.2 180.2 3.4 0.1 0.3 0.8 0.6

Automotive vehicles, parts & engines..... 3 10.218 114.1 114.6 0.6 -0.1 0.0 0.1 0.4

Consumer goods, excluding

automotives.................................. 4 12.511 109.5 109.8 0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.3 0.3

Nondurables, manufactured................. 40 5.889 106.4 107.0 0.7 -0.1 -0.3 0.1 0.6

Durables, manufactured...................... 41 5.163 106.8 106.9 -0.7 0.1 0.2 -0.7 0.1

Nonmanufactured consumer goods (Dec.

2018=100)................................... 42 1.459 100.0 100.0 – – – 0.0 0.0

1 Relative importance figures are based on 2017 trade values.

NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication.

Dash = Not available

6
Table 3. U.S. import price indexes and percent changes for selected industries: February 2018 to February

2019

[December 2005=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description NAICS

Relative

importance

Jan.

20191

Index Percent change

Jan.

2019

Feb.

2019

Annual Monthly

Feb.

2018 to

Feb.

2019

Oct.

2018 to

Nov.

2018

Nov.

2018 to

Dec.

2018

Dec.

2018 to

Jan.

2019

Jan.

2019 to

Feb.

2019

Nonmanufacturing................................ 8.762 101.0 105.8 -6.5 -12.5 -12.1 6.1 4.8

Agriculture, forestry, fishing and

hunting........................................ 11 1.960 181.6 179.7 -7.9 -3.7 1.8 -1.7 -1.0

Crop production............................... 111 1.588 195.1 192.3 -8.7 -4.5 2.5 -2.3 -1.4

Mining............................................ 21 6.802 91.7 97.6 -6.2 -14.7 -15.7 8.4 6.4

Oil and gas extraction........................ 211 6.565 91.2 97.2 -6.6 -15.2 -16.3 8.8 6.6

Manufacturing..................................... 90.912 111.4 111.6 -0.4 -0.3 -0.3 -0.3 0.2

Manufacturing, part 1......................... 31 11.285 125.0 125.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Food manufacturing.......................... 311 3.404 154.6 154.7 -1.7 -0.3 -0.3 -0.1 0.1

Beverage and tobacco product

manufacturing............................... 312 1.124 121.8 122.1 1.5 0.1 0.0 -0.2 0.2

Textile mills (Dec. 2011=100)............... 313 0.370 99.9 99.8 -0.5 -0.2 0.3 -0.3 -0.1

Textile product mills.......................... 314 0.944 109.2 109.1 -0.2 0.1 0.1 0.0 -0.1

Apparel manufacturing....................... 315 3.785 112.4 112.2 0.7 0.1 0.1 0.3 -0.2

Leather and allied product

manufacturing............................... 316 1.658 124.0 124.1 1.1 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.1

Manufacturing, part 2......................... 32 17.590 125.4 126.1 0.2 -1.1 -1.3 -0.7 0.6

Paper manufacturing......................... 322 1.084 116.2 116.3 8.4 -0.4 0.6 -0.2 0.1

Petroleum and coal products

manufacturing............................... 324 2.415 93.6 94.5 -2.4 -5.6 -6.3 -1.9 1.0

Chemical manufacturing..................... 325 9.699 139.6 140.6 0.9 -0.1 -0.7 -0.6 0.7

Plastics and rubber products

manufacturing............................... 326 2.295 119.5 119.4 0.4 0.4 -0.2 -0.4 -0.1

Nonmetallic mineral product

manufacturing............................... 327 1.041 130.7 131.2 1.4 -0.2 -0.1 -0.1 0.4

Manufacturing, part 3......................... 33 62.037 104.3 104.3 -0.6 -0.2 0.0 -0.1 0.0

Primary metal manufacturing................ 331 4.366 153.9 155.6 -0.4 -0.6 0.5 -0.8 1.1

Fabricated metal product manufacturing... 332 3.146 126.7 126.4 -0.8 -0.2 -0.3 -0.2 -0.2

Machinery manufacturing.................... 333 7.364 118.8 118.8 0.3 -0.1 0.0 0.3 0.0

Computer and electronic product

manufacturing............................... 334 17.767 74.2 74.0 -2.1 -0.1 -0.3 -0.4 -0.3

Electrical equipment, appliance, and

component manufacturing................. 335 5.159 116.4 116.4 0.7 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0

Transportation equipment manufacturing... 336 16.878 109.5 109.5 -0.4 0.0 0.1 -0.1 0.0

Furniture and related product

manufacturing............................... 337 1.899 117.6 117.4 1.1 0.1 0.1 0.0 -0.2

Miscellaneous manufacturing............... 339 5.458 118.9 119.1 0.5 0.1 0.3 -0.1 0.2

1 Relative importance figures are based on 2017 trade values.

NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication.

Dash = Not available

7
Table 4. U.S. export price indexes and percent changes for selected industries: February 2018 to February

2019

[December 2005=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description NAICS

Relative

importance

Jan.

20191

Index Percent change

Jan.

2019

Feb.

2019

Annual Monthly

Feb.

2018 to

Feb.

2019

Oct.

2018 to

Nov.

2018

Nov.

2018 to

Dec.

2018

Dec.

2018 to

Jan.

2019

Jan.

2019 to

Feb.

2019

Nonmanufacturing................................ 9.285 135.3 137.7 0.4 -1.0 3.6 -3.8 1.8

Agriculture, forestry, fishing and

hunting........................................ 11 4.874 152.4 153.6 -1.3 2.6 6.1 -3.6 0.8

Crop production............................... 111 4.631 159.8 160.7 -0.4 3.2 6.6 -3.8 0.6

Mining............................................ 21 4.411 87.8 90.3 3.0 -6.1 -0.1 -3.8 2.8

Mining (except oil and gas).................. 212 1.359 118.3 118.5 6.7 1.5 1.1 0.9 0.2

Manufacturing..................................... 89.467 115.7 116.4 0.7 -0.8 -1.0 -0.1 0.6

Manufacturing, part 1......................... 31 6.790 140.1 140.2 0.1 0.1 0.3 0.0 0.1

Food manufacturing.......................... 311 4.596 156.4 156.5 -1.1 0.3 0.0 -0.1 0.1

Beverage and tobacco product

manufacturing............................... 312 0.676 125.6 126.6 6.6 -0.2 3.1 -0.2 0.8

Manufacturing, part 2......................... 32 24.816 112.6 114.3 -0.9 -3.0 -3.9 -1.1 1.5

Wood product manufacturing (Dec.

2017=100)................................... 321 0.551 102.4 103.3 0.7 0.3 -0.3 0.9 0.9

Paper manufacturing......................... 322 1.765 130.1 130.1 3.7 0.0 0.8 -2.9 0.0

Petroleum and coal products

manufacturing............................... 324 5.698 99.8 104.9 -6.8 -10.0 -12.9 -3.1 5.1

Chemical manufacturing..................... 325 13.458 118.6 119.2 0.8 -0.3 -1.2 -0.1 0.5

Plastics and rubber products

manufacturing............................... 326 2.275 115.8 116.4 1.7 -0.1 0.1 0.0 0.5

Nonmetallic mineral product

manufacturing............................... 327 0.843 116.6 116.5 1.1 0.4 -0.2 0.0 -0.1

Manufacturing, part 3......................... 33 57.861 114.6 114.9 1.4 0.1 0.1 0.4 0.3

Primary metal manufacturing................ 331 4.006 144.8 146.5 1.0 0.7 0.6 0.9 1.2

Fabricated metal product manufacturing... 332 2.970 145.9 146.1 5.3 0.8 0.1 1.9 0.1

Machinery manufacturing.................... 333 9.539 128.7 129.7 2.9 0.1 0.2 0.4 0.8

Computer and electronic product

manufacturing............................... 334 14.052 82.8 82.8 -0.6 -0.1 -0.2 0.0 0.0

Electrical equipment, appliance, and

component manufacturing................. 335 3.834 118.0 118.0 2.4 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0

Transportation equipment manufacturing... 336 17.675 127.9 128.2 1.7 0.0 0.2 0.4 0.2

Furniture and related product

manufacturing (Dec. 2011=100).......... 337 0.393 120.7 120.8 1.7 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1

Miscellaneous manufacturing............... 339 5.392 120.0 120.2 0.0 -0.1 0.3 -0.6 0.2

1 Relative importance figures are based on 2017 trade values.

NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication.

Dash = Not available

8
Table 5. U.S. import price indexes and percent changes for selected categories of goods: February 2018 to

February 2019

[2000=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description

Harmonized

system

Relative

importance

Jan.

20191

Index Percent change

Jan.

2019

Feb.

2019

Annual Monthly

Feb.

2018 to

Feb.

2019

Oct.

2018 to

Nov.

2018

Nov.

2018 to

Dec.

2018

Dec.

2018 to

Jan.

2019

Jan.

2019 to

Feb.

2019

Live animals; animal products................. I 1.377 191.7 193.3 -1.9 -0.2 -0.8 0.2 0.8

Meat and edible meat offal..................... 02 0.360 247.6 252.7 0.7 0.2 1.6 1.4 2.1

Fish and crustaceans, molluscs and other

aquatic invertebrates......................... 03 0.733 138.6 138.4 -2.9 -0.4 -2.2 0.0 -0.1

Vegetable products............................... II 1.911 214.1 211.6 -9.0 -4.4 2.0 -2.3 -1.2

Edible vegetables, roots, and tubers.......... 07 0.474 505.1 459.7 -14.8 -1.9 12.2 -14.7 -9.0

Edible fruit and nuts; peel of citrus fruit or

melons.......................................... 08 0.670 122.4 120.0 -9.6 -11.3 -4.2 9.0 -2.0

Coffee, tea, mate and spices.................. 09 0.331 204.5 202.2 -6.6 2.1 -0.7 -1.4 -1.1

Animal or vegetable fats and oils (Dec.

2009=100)........................................ III 0.246 92.0 91.2 -19.2 -3.1 -1.3 0.9 -0.9

Prepared foodstuffs, beverages, and

tobacco........................................... IV 2.866 165.7 165.7 1.5 0.1 -0.1 0.0 0.0

Cocoa and cocoa preparations (Dec.

2009=100)..................................... 18 0.223 96.0 96.1 0.9 0.5 -0.4 -0.8 0.1

Preparations of vegetables, fruit, nuts, or

other parts of plants.......................... 20 0.375 174.7 174.7 4.1 -0.1 0.1 -0.1 0.0

Beverages, spirits, and vinegar................ 22 1.078 132.0 132.3 1.5 0.1 -0.1 -0.2 0.2

Mineral products.................................. V 9.297 186.9 196.2 -5.8 -12.2 -13.0 4.1 5.0

Mineral fuels, oils and residuals, bituminous

substances and mineral waxes............. 27 8.998 183.9 193.4 -6.1 -12.5 -13.3 4.1 5.2

Products of the chemical or allied

industries........................................ VI 9.013 157.0 158.5 1.0 -0.1 -0.6 -0.8 1.0

Inorganic chemicals............................. 28 0.572 322.6 334.4 6.6 2.9 0.0 -6.3 3.7

Organic chemicals............................... 29 2.046 127.4 128.3 -1.6 -0.8 -2.0 -0.9 0.7

Pharmaceutical products....................... 30 4.330 150.9 153.0 1.1 -0.1 0.0 -0.7 1.4

Fertilizers (Dec. 2009=100).................... 31 0.305 91.6 89.9 12.1 1.9 -0.5 0.2 -1.9

Essential oils and resinoids (Dec.

2016=100)..................................... 33 0.602 102.8 102.7 -0.9 -0.2 -0.4 -0.2 -0.1

Miscellaneous chemical products............. 38 0.607 106.6 106.4 0.2 -0.4 -1.2 1.3 -0.2

Plastics and articles thereof; rubber and

articles thereof.................................. VII 3.523 140.9 140.2 -0.4 0.2 -0.6 -0.1 -0.5

Plastics and articles thereof.................... 39 2.372 144.7 144.0 0.4 0.6 -0.6 -0.4 -0.5

Rubber and articles thereof.................... 40 1.151 135.5 135.0 -1.9 -0.4 -0.4 0.3 -0.4

Raw hides, skins, leather, furskins, travel

goods, etc....................................... VIII 0.629 125.5 125.2 0.7 0.0 0.1 0.4 -0.2

Articles of leather; travel goods, bags, etc.

of various materials........................... 42 0.600 131.9 131.6 1.5 0.1 0.2 0.5 -0.2

Wood, wood charcoal, cork, straw,

basketware and wickerwork................. IX 0.870 147.5 149.4 -9.5 -3.7 1.2 -0.9 1.3

Woodpulp, recovered paper, and paper

products......................................... X 1.136 122.7 122.7 8.3 0.1 0.6 0.2 0.0

Paper and paperboard; articles of paper

pulp, paper or paperboard................... 48 0.744 111.6 111.8 6.4 -0.2 0.4 -0.3 0.2

Textile and textile articles....................... XI 4.934 114.7 114.6 0.5 -0.1 0.1 0.2 -0.1

Articles of apparel and clothing accessories,

knitted or crocheted.......................... 61 1.999 105.1 104.8 0.7 0.1 0.1 0.4 -0.3

Articles of apparel and clothing accessories,

not knitted or crocheted...................... 62 1.653 120.4 120.5 1.1 -0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1

Made-up or worn textile articles............... 63 0.657 103.8 103.9 -0.2 -0.1 -0.3 0.1 0.1

See footnotes at end of table.

9
Table 5. U.S. import price indexes and percent changes for selected categories of goods: February 2018 to

February 2019 — Continued

[2000=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description

Harmonized

system

Relative

importance

Jan.

20191

Index Percent change

Jan.

2019

Feb.

2019

Annual Monthly

Feb.

2018 to

Feb.

2019

Oct.

2018 to

Nov.

2018

Nov.

2018 to

Dec.

2018

Dec.

2018 to

Jan.

2019

Jan.

2019 to

Feb.

2019

Headgear, umbrellas, artificial flowers,

etc................................................. XII 1.379 123.1 123.3 1.3 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2

Footwear and parts of such articles........... 64 1.146 122.1 122.3 1.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2

Stone, plaster, cement, asbestos,

ceramics, glass etc............................ XIII 0.952 131.4 132.0 0.8 -0.3 -0.1 -0.2 0.5

Ceramic products................................ 69 0.269 135.9 135.9 1.0 0.7 0.0 -0.1 0.0

Pearls, stones, precious metals, imitation

jewelry, and coins.............................. XIV 2.723 176.8 178.0 1.7 1.1 1.1 2.5 0.7

Base metals and articles of base metals. . .. XV 5.932 176.4 176.9 -1.2 -0.9 -0.2 -1.3 0.3

Iron and steel.................................... 72 1.383 221.7 218.6 2.1 -0.7 -0.2 -2.8 -1.4

Articles of iron or steel.......................... 73 1.744 150.6 150.2 -0.8 -0.1 -0.5 -0.1 -0.3

Copper and articles thereof.................... 74 0.444 277.5 285.6 -5.8 -1.3 1.1 -2.8 2.9

Aluminum and articles thereof................. 76 1.022 132.8 133.3 -3.4 -2.6 -0.3 -1.7 0.4

Tools, implements, cutlery, spoons and

forks, of base metal; parts thereof.......... 82 0.447 123.9 124.0 1.3 0.0 0.2 -0.1 0.1

Miscellaneous articles of base metal. . . . . . . .. 83 0.528 137.8 137.6 0.3 0.1 0.1 0.4 -0.1

Machinery, electrical equipment, TV image

and sound recorders, parts, etc............. XVI 30.527 80.1 79.9 -1.0 -0.2 0.0 -0.1 -0.2

Machinery and mechanical appliances;

parts thereof................................... 84 15.233 86.7 86.5 -0.5 -0.2 0.0 0.1 -0.2

Electrical machinery and equip, sound and

TV recorders & reproducers, parts......... 85 15.294 73.9 73.8 -1.5 -0.1 -0.1 -0.4 -0.1

Vehicles, aircraft, vessels and associated

transport equipment........................... XVII 14.075 113.9 114.0 -0.6 -0.1 0.0 -0.3 0.1

Motor vehicles and their parts................. 87 12.880 113.0 113.0 -0.5 -0.1 0.0 -0.2 0.0

Aircraft, spacecraft, and parts thereof (Dec.

2002=100)..................................... 88 1.086 114.9 114.9 -1.3 0.1 0.0 -0.2 0.0

Optical, photo, measuring, medical &

musical instruments; & timepieces. . . . . . .. XVIII 4.025 101.9 102.2 -1.2 -0.1 -0.1 -0.5 0.3

Optical, photographic, measuring and

medical instruments.......................... 90 3.754 98.4 98.7 -1.4 -0.1 0.0 -0.6 0.3

Clocks and watches and parts thereof. . . . . .. 91 0.210 142.0 142.3 -0.1 -1.0 -0.4 0.4 0.2

Miscellaneous manufactured articles......... XX 4.508 112.8 112.6 0.9 0.0 0.1 -0.2 -0.2

Furniture & stuffed furnishings; lamps &

lighting fittings, nesoi; prefab bldgs......... 94 2.831 118.8 118.6 0.9 0.1 0.0 0.1 -0.2

Toys, games and sports equipment; parts

and accessories thereof...................... 95 1.402 102.8 102.6 0.8 0.0 0.1 -0.7 -0.2

Miscellaneous manufactured articles. . . . . . . .. 96 0.275 129.6 129.7 0.9 0.0 0.0 -0.4 0.1

1 Relative importance figures are based on 2017 trade values.

NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication.

Dash = Not available

10
Table 6. U.S. export price indexes and percent changes for selected categories of goods: February 2018 to

February 2019

[2000=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description

Harmonized

system

Relative

importance

Jan.

20191

Index Percent change

Jan.

2019

Feb.

2019

Annual Monthly

Feb.

2018 to

Feb.

2019

Oct.

2018 to

Nov.

2018

Nov.

2018 to

Dec.

2018

Dec.

2018 to

Jan.

2019

Jan.

2019 to

Feb.

2019

Live animals; animal products................. I 1.926 208.2 209.4 0.5 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.6

Meat & edible meat offal (Dec. 2006=100)... 02 1.124 161.3 161.8 -3.6 -0.1 0.4 -0.1 0.3

Fish and crustaceans, mollusks and aquatic

invertebrates (Dec. 2016=100).............. 03 0.409 120.0 121.7 3.7 0.5 -0.7 0.6 1.4

Vegetable products............................... II 4.556 196.7 197.1 1.0 3.4 8.3 -4.7 0.2

Edible fruit and nuts; peel of citrus fruit or

melons.......................................... 08 1.001 141.6 142.9 -2.5 6.2 -0.6 3.8 0.9

Cereals............................................ 10 1.357 – 198.0 3.1 0.8 1.2 – –

Oilseeds and misc. grains, seeds, fruits,

plants, straw and fodder..................... 12 1.700 – 191.3 -6.1 2.2 3.1 – –

Prepared foodstuffs, beverages, and

tobacco........................................... IV 3.010 152.4 152.8 0.7 0.3 -0.1 0.5 0.3

Miscellaneous edible preparations (Dec.

2017=100)..................................... 21 0.553 95.3 96.2 -6.5 -1.1 -1.4 0.1 0.9

Beverages, spirits, and vinegar (Dec.

2008=100)..................................... 22 0.525 104.7 106.2 -0.7 -1.3 -0.6 0.2 1.4

Residues and waste from the food

industries; prepared animal feed............ 23 0.727 222.7 223.2 5.6 2.7 1.7 0.6 0.2

Mineral products.................................. V 10.312 211.7 220.7 -3.0 -8.4 -8.3 -3.5 4.3

Ores, slag and ash (Dec. 2012=100)......... 26 0.401 95.9 98.3 -13.1 1.0 0.6 -1.1 2.5

Mineral fuels, oils and residuals, bituminous

substances and mineral waxes............. 27 9.712 203.2 212.1 -2.5 -9.0 -8.9 -3.6 4.4

Products of the chemical or allied

industries........................................ VI 10.992 138.6 139.3 0.8 -0.1 -0.9 0.0 0.5

Inorganic chemicals............................. 28 0.711 142.4 146.8 -12.1 -0.7 -2.0 -1.0 3.1

Organic chemicals............................... 29 2.723 149.3 148.7 3.9 -0.1 -2.7 1.9 -0.4

Pharmaceutical products....................... 30 2.994 104.2 105.2 -1.8 -0.3 -0.4 -1.7 1.0

Tanning or dyeing extracts, dyes, paints

varnish, putty, & inks (Dec. 2015=100). . .. 32 0.537 101.6 101.7 1.1 -1.9 0.5 0.5 0.1

Essential oils and resinoids; perfumery

cosmetic or toilet preparations.............. 33 0.860 131.5 131.2 0.6 0.1 -0.1 0.6 -0.2

Soap; lubricants; waxes, polishing or

scouring products; candles, pastes......... 34 0.489 122.9 122.8 3.7 0.4 0.6 0.7 -0.1

Miscellaneous chemical products............. 38 1.983 156.0 156.9 4.0 0.8 0.1 0.0 0.6

Plastics and articles thereof; rubber and

articles thereof.................................. VII 5.245 143.7 143.7 1.4 -0.6 -0.8 0.1 0.0

Plastics and articles thereof.................... 39 4.355 140.6 140.4 1.4 -0.4 -0.7 0.0 -0.1

Rubber and articles thereof.................... 40 0.890 155.3 156.3 1.7 -1.4 -1.3 0.2 0.6

Wood, wood charcoal, cork, straw, baskets

and wickerwork (Dec. 2014=100)............ IX 0.652 99.5 100.2 -4.4 -0.8 -0.8 0.5 0.7

Woodpulp, recovered paper, and paper

products......................................... X 2.002 130.8 129.3 1.8 0.6 -1.9 -3.4 -1.1

Paper and paperboard; articles of paper

pulp, paper or paperboard................... 48 1.113 128.2 128.7 3.4 0.2 0.7 -2.2 0.4

Textile and textile articles....................... XI 1.764 122.8 123.3 0.7 0.2 0.0 -1.6 0.4

Cotton, including yarns and woven fabrics

thereof.......................................... 52 0.510 124.2 126.4 -4.3 1.4 0.4 -5.3 1.8

Stone, plaster, cement, asbestos,

ceramics, glass etc............................ XIII 0.816 125.9 125.9 1.8 0.4 -0.1 1.0 0.0

Pearls, stones, precious metals, imitation

jewelry, and coins.............................. XIV 4.168 240.4 243.6 1.1 0.9 1.1 1.6 1.3

Base metals and articles of base metals. . .. XV 4.754 159.5 160.2 -0.2 0.6 -0.5 -0.1 0.4

See footnotes at end of table.

11
Table 6. U.S. export price indexes and percent changes for selected categories of goods: February 2018 to

February 2019 — Continued

[2000=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description

Harmonized

system

Relative

importance

Jan.

20191

Index Percent change

Jan.

2019

Feb.

2019

Annual Monthly

Feb.

2018 to

Feb.

2019

Oct.

2018 to

Nov.

2018

Nov.

2018 to

Dec.

2018

Dec.

2018 to

Jan.

2019

Jan.

2019 to

Feb.

2019

Copper and articles thereof.................... 74 0.484 177.8 185.3 -9.6 -0.8 0.7 -3.3 4.2

Aluminum and articles thereof................. 76 0.740 107.9 104.9 -13.8 0.2 -2.4 -0.4 -2.8

Miscellaneous articles of base metal. . . . . . . .. 83 0.338 153.0 153.0 1.5 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0

Machinery, electrical equipment, TV image

and sound recorders, parts, etc............. XVI 28.292 97.9 98.0 1.2 -0.1 0.0 0.3 0.1

Machinery and mechanical appliances;

parts thereof................................... 84 16.439 116.1 116.4 2.0 0.0 0.1 0.5 0.3

Electrical machinery and equipment and

parts and accessories thereof............... 85 11.853 78.3 78.3 0.3 -0.1 -0.1 -0.1 0.0

Vehicles, aircraft, vessels and associated

transport equipment........................... XVII 13.741 136.0 136.5 1.4 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.4

Motor vehicles and their parts................. 87 8.368 116.2 116.2 0.2 -0.1 0.0 -0.1 0.0

Optical, photo, measuring, medical &

musical instruments; & timepieces. . . . . . .. XVIII 5.860 108.6 109.0 -0.2 -0.1 0.0 -0.4 0.4

Miscellaneous manufactured articles......... XX 1.381 112.6 112.7 0.4 0.0 -0.1 -0.1 0.1

Furniture; stuffed furnishings; lamps and

lighting fittings nesoi;......................... 94 0.766 129.9 130.2 0.9 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.2

Toys, games and sports equipment; parts

and accessories thereof...................... 95 0.454 87.5 87.5 -0.6 -0.1 -0.2 0.2 0.0

1 Relative importance figures are based on 2017 trade values.

NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication.

Dash = Not available

12
Table 7. U.S. import price indexes and percent changes by locality of origin: February 2018 to February 2019

[2000=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description

Relative

importance

Jan.

20191

Index Percent change

Jan.

2019

Feb.

2019

Annual Monthly

Feb.

2018 to

Feb.

2019

Oct.

2018 to

Nov.

2018

Nov.

2018 to

Dec.

2018

Dec.

2018 to

Jan.

2019

Jan.

2019 to

Feb.

2019

Industrialized Countries2

.................... 100.000 123.1 124.3 0.3 -2.6 -1.5 2.9 1.0

Nonmanufacturing........................... 9.039 148.0 156.1 3.7 -23.3 -15.6 45.2 5.5

Manufacturing................................ 90.391 120.3 121.0 -0.1 -0.6 -0.4 0.1 0.6

Canada.......................................... 100.000 129.5 132.5 0.6 -6.7 -4.2 8.3 2.3

Nonmanufacturing........................... 24.966 139.8 147.9 3.4 -24.5 -17.1 49.4 5.8

Manufacturing................................ 74.063 129.4 130.9 -1.0 -1.2 -1.1 -0.6 1.2

European Union............................... 100.000 136.6 137.1 0.4 -0.4 -0.1 0.1 0.4

Manufacturing................................ 98.846 133.2 133.6 0.5 -0.4 -0.1 0.2 0.3

France (Dec. 2003=100)...................... 100.000 127.3 127.5 -0.7 -0.9 -0.4 0.2 0.2

Germany (Dec. 2003=100)................... 100.000 112.4 112.4 0.2 0.0 0.1 0.4 0.0

United Kingdom (Dec. 2003=100).......... 100.000 120.6 120.6 0.0 -1.3 -0.4 0.3 0.0

Latin America3

................................. 100.000 146.0 147.2 -2.5 -1.7 -2.7 -1.2 0.8

Nonmanufacturing........................... 15.674 238.7 246.0 -7.7 -8.0 -11.9 -3.1 3.1

Manufacturing................................ 84.032 120.8 121.4 -1.2 0.0 -0.4 -0.9 0.5

Mexico (Dec. 2003=100)...................... 100.000 127.0 127.6 -1.2 -0.6 -0.8 -1.2 0.5

Nonmanufacturing (Dec. 2008=100). . . . .. 7.886 128.9 129.4 -3.9 -7.9 -7.5 -9.4 0.4

Manufacturing (Dec. 2008=100)........... 91.849 87.8 88.2 -1.0 0.2 -0.1 -0.5 0.5

Pacific Rim (Dec. 2003=100)4

............... 100.000 98.7 98.6 -0.1 0.0 -0.1 -0.2 -0.1

China (Dec. 2003=100)....................... 100.000 99.5 99.5 -0.7 -0.1 -0.1 -0.3 0.0

Japan............................................ 100.000 96.5 96.6 0.4 -0.1 -0.1 0.0 0.1

Taiwan (Dec. 2018=100)...................... 100.000 99.8 99.4 – – – -0.2 -0.4

Asian NICs5

..................................... 100.000 87.9 88.0 -0.5 -0.2 -0.5 -0.6 0.1

ASEAN (Dec. 2003=100)6

.................... 100.000 97.3 97.2 -1.1 -0.4 -0.4 -0.2 -0.1

Asia Near East (Dec. 2003=100)7

........... 100.000 173.2 179.0 -0.3 -6.6 -6.1 -2.3 3.3

1 Relative importance figures are based on 2017 trade values.

2 Western Europe, Canada, Japan, Australia, New Zealand, and South Africa.

3 Mexico, Central America, South America, and the Caribbean.

4 China, Japan, Australia, Brunei, Indonesia, Macao, Malaysia, New Zealand, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, and the Asian Newly Industrialized

Countries.

5 Asian Newly Industrialized Countries - Hong Kong, Singapore, South Korea, and Taiwan.

6 Association of Southeast Asian Nations - Brunei, Cambodia, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, Philippines, Singapore, Thailand, and Vietnam.

7 Bahrain, Iran, Iraq, Israel, Jordan, Kuwait, Lebanon, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Syria, United Arab Emirates, and Yemen.

NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication.

Regions are not mutually exclusive.

Dash = Not available

13
Table 8. U.S. export price indexes and percent changes by locality of destination: February 2018 to February

2019

[December 2017=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description

Relative

importance

Jan.

20191

Index Percent change

Jan.

2019

Feb.

2019

Annual Monthly

Feb.

2018 to

Feb.

2019

Oct.

2018 to

Nov.

2018

Nov.

2018 to

Dec.

2018

Dec.

2018 to

Jan.

2019

Jan.

2019 to

Feb.

2019

Industrialized Countries2

.................... 100.000 102.2 103.1 1.8 -0.2 0.8 -1.1 0.9

Nonmanufacturing........................... 8.534 109.1 114.5 20.9 2.8 18.4 -10.0 4.9

Manufacturing................................ 90.408 101.9 102.5 0.7 -0.4 -0.5 -0.2 0.6

Canada.......................................... 100.000 104.3 104.7 3.2 0.2 2.2 -2.7 0.4

European Union............................... 100.000 103.6 104.2 1.9 0.1 -0.6 0.3 0.6

Nonmanufacturing........................... 7.526 108.0 110.9 13.0 2.5 3.7 3.0 2.7

Manufacturing................................ 91.414 103.4 103.9 1.4 0.1 -0.9 0.1 0.5

Germany........................................ 100.000 102.3 102.1 0.5 0.2 0.1 1.0 -0.2

Latin America3

................................. 100.000 100.6 101.5 0.0 -1.5 -1.8 -1.1 0.9

Nonmanufacturing........................... 7.202 107.1 107.6 6.1 1.2 6.6 -7.3 0.5

Manufacturing................................ 92.379 100.1 101.2 -0.3 -1.8 -2.4 -0.6 1.1

Mexico........................................... 100.000 100.2 100.7 -0.4 -1.2 -1.0 -1.4 0.5

Nonmanufacturing........................... 6.358 102.2 102.0 0.8 1.5 8.7 -11.5 -0.2

Manufacturing................................ 93.155 100.1 100.6 -0.5 -1.4 -1.7 -0.5 0.5

Pacific Rim4

.................................... 100.000 99.9 100.4 -0.8 0.2 0.0 -0.2 0.5

Nonmanufacturing........................... 14.037 97.0 98.8 -3.3 2.2 3.7 1.4 1.9

Manufacturing................................ 83.841 100.6 101.0 -0.1 -0.1 -0.3 -0.3 0.4

China............................................ 100.000 98.3 99.0 -2.5 0.1 -0.6 -0.1 0.7

Nonmanufacturing........................... 20.254 95.7 98.2 -3.3 2.3 2.9 1.3 2.6

Manufacturing................................ 75.719 99.4 100.1 -1.5 -0.6 -0.7 -0.3 0.7

Japan............................................ 100.000 99.2 100.4 -2.0 -0.1 -0.4 -1.0 1.2

Nonmanufacturing........................... 18.623 101.0 104.6 -5.0 0.6 0.4 1.0 3.6

Manufacturing................................ 80.338 98.7 99.3 -1.7 -0.3 -0.5 -1.5 0.6

1 Relative importance figures are based on 2017 trade values.

2 Western Europe, Canada, Japan, Australia, New Zealand, and South Africa.

3 Mexico, Central America, South America, and the Caribbean.

4 China, Japan, Australia, Brunei, Indonesia, Macao, Malaysia, New Zealand, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, and the Asian Newly Industrialized

Countries.

NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication.

Regions are not mutually exclusive.

Dash = Not available

14
Table 9. U.S. terms of trade indexes and percent changes by locality: February 2018 to February 20191

[December 2017=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description

Index Percent change

Jan.

2019

Feb.

2019

Annual Monthly

Feb.

2018 to

Feb.

2019

Oct.

2018 to

Nov.

2018

Nov.

2018 to

Dec.

2018

Dec.

2018 to

Jan.

2019

Jan.

2019 to

Feb.

2019

Industrialized Countries2

............................ 101.6 101.5 1.4 2.4 2.3 -3.9 -0.1

Canada.................................................. 105.8 103.8 2.5 7.5 6.7 -10.2 -1.9

European Union...................................... 102.1 102.3 1.4 0.5 -0.4 0.2 0.2

Germany................................................ 104.8 104.6 0.4 0.2 0.0 0.6 -0.2

Latin America3

........................................ 102.6 102.7 2.6 0.1 0.9 0.1 0.1

Mexico.................................................. 101.8 101.8 0.8 -0.6 -0.1 -0.1 0.0

Pacific Rim4

............................................ 99.6 100.2 -0.7 0.2 0.1 0.0 0.6

China................................................... . 98.9 99.6 -1.8 0.2 -0.5 0.2 0.7

Japan.................................................... 98.2 99.3 -2.4 0.0 -0.3 -1.0 1.1

1 Terms of trade indexes are derived by dividing the export price index by the corresponding import price index and multiplying by 100.

2 Western Europe, Canada, Japan, Australia, New Zealand, and South Africa.

3 Mexico, Central America, South America, and the Caribbean.

4 China, Japan, Australia, Brunei, Indonesia, Macao, Malaysia, New Zealand, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, and the Asian Newly Industrialized

Countries.

NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication.

Regions are not mutually exclusive.

Dash = Not available

15
Table 10. U.S. international price indexes and percent changes for selected transportation services: February

2018 to February 2019

[2000=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description

Relative

importance

Jan.

20191

Index Percent change

Jan.

2019

Feb.

2019

Annual Monthly

Feb.

2018 to

Feb.

2019

Oct.

2018 to

Nov.

2018

Nov.

2018 to

Dec.

2018

Dec.

2018 to

Jan.

2019

Jan.

2019 to

Feb.

2019

Air Freight

Import Air Freight.................................... 100.000 185.8 174.1 1.2 0.7 -3.2 -1.4 -6.3

Europe (Dec. 2003=100).......................... 26.578 151.5 149.4 0.2 -0.8 -0.9 2.4 -1.4

Asia.................................................. 60.801 176.7 159.4 1.2 1.5 -4.9 -3.2 -9.8

Export Air Freight................................... 100.000 164.6 165.3 3.8 -0.2 -0.1 -0.1 0.4

Europe (Dec. 2006=100).......................... 32.144 152.3 150.2 2.0 -0.9 0.5 2.4 -1.4

Inbound Air Freight................................. 100.000 173.7 165.9 2.0 0.9 -1.9 -0.1 -4.5

Europe (Dec. 2003=100).......................... 28.184 141.5 138.1 0.4 -0.4 -1.0 4.4 -2.4

Asia.................................................. 57.245 162.1 151.2 2.3 1.8 -2.9 -2.5 -6.7

Outbound Air Freight............................... 100.000 144.2 144.5 5.0 1.5 -0.3 -1.2 0.2

Europe (Dec. 2003=100).......................... 33.236 152.1 150.7 4.4 -0.2 -0.3 2.1 -0.9

Asia.................................................. 44.475 138.6 140.5 7.9 3.3 0.0 -4.3 1.4

Air Passenger Fares

Import Air Passenger Fares....................... 100.000 189.9 186.1 -1.7 0.7 7.6 -3.8 -2.0

Europe............................................... 57.508 228.9 225.1 -5.6 2.2 -1.1 4.2 -1.7

Asia.................................................. 19.076 137.9 125.5 -1.6 -0.8 19.1 -12.3 -9.0

Latin America/Caribbean.......................... 5.778 148.1 155.4 -5.1 6.3 10.4 -16.7 4.9

Export Air Passenger Fares....................... 100.000 161.3 146.9 -4.0 0.1 1.4 7.0 -8.9

Europe............................................... 27.532 199.1 194.3 -5.9 1.3 1.9 -2.7 -2.4

Asia.................................................. 29.113 150.0 129.6 0.3 1.0 4.1 12.5 -13.6

Latin America/Caribbean.......................... 25.514 169.5 149.9 -10.4 1.7 -3.1 14.6 -11.6

1 Relative importance figures are based on 2017 trade values.

NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication.

Dash = Not available

16
17 

TECHNICAL NOTE

Import and Export Goods and Services Price Indexes - All indexes use a modified Laspeyres 

formula and are not seasonally adjusted. Price indexes are reweighted annually, with a 2-year lag in the 

weights. Published series use a base year of 2000=100 where possible. More detailed index series and 

additional information may be obtained at www.bls.gov/mxp or by calling (202) 691-7101. 

Merchandise Goods Classification Systems - The merchandise price indexes are published using three 

classification systems. Items are classified by end use according to the Bureau of Economic Analysis 

Classification System, by industry according to the North American Industry Classification System 

(NAICS), and by product category according to the Harmonized System (HS). While classification by 

end use and product category are self-explanatory, some notes are in order for classifying items by 

industry. In the NAICS imports and exports tables, items are classified by output industry, not input 

industry. As an example, NAICS import index 326 (plastics and rubber products manufacturing) 

includes outputs such as manufactured plastic rather than inputs such as petroleum. The NAICS 

classification structure also matches the classification system used by the Producer Price Index (PPI) to 

produce the NAICS primary products indexes.

Import Price Goods Indexes - Items are classified by the Harmonized Tariff Schedule of the United 

States Annotated (TSUSA). Import prices are based on U.S. dollar prices paid by the U.S. importer. The 

prices are generally either "free on board" (f.o.b.) foreign port or "cost, insurance, and freight" (c.i.f.) 

U.S. port transaction prices, depending on the practices of the individual industry. The index for crude 

petroleum is calculated from data collected by the U.S. Department of Energy. 

Export Price Goods Indexes - Items are classified by the Harmonized Schedule B classification system 

of the U.S. Bureau of the Census. The prices used are generally either "free alongside ship" (f.a.s.) 

factory or "free on board" (f.o.b.) transaction prices, depending on the practices of the individual 

industry. Prices used in the grain index, excluding rice, are obtained from the U.S. Department of 

Agriculture. 

Services Price Indexes - Indexes for import and export air passenger fares calculate changes in the 

average revenue received per passenger by foreign carriers from U.S. residents and by U.S. carriers from 

foreign residents, respectively. Data are obtained from an airline consulting service and report on tickets 

sold by travel agencies, travel websites, and directly by the airlines. Taxes and fees are included in both 

the import and export air passenger fares indexes. Import air passenger fares data have used the airline 

consulting service source since September 2008. Before April 2018, the export air passenger fares data 

were collected directly by BLS from U.S. airlines. The air freight indexes are calculated from data 

collected directly from airlines. These data exclude mail and passenger baggage. The scope of the 

service being priced is the movement of freight from airport to airport only, and does not include any 

ground transportation or port service. The air freight indexes are presented using two definitions: 

balance of payments (which represents transactions between U.S. and foreign residents) and 

international (which represents transactions inbound to and outbound from the United States.) Fact 

sheets specifying detailed information for each services industry are available at www.bls.gov/mxp 

under "MXP Publications." 
18 

Import Price Indexes by Locality of Origin - Prices used in these indexes are a subset of the data 

collected for the import price indexes. The indexes are specific to a country, region, or grouping and, 

beginning with January 2002, are based on the North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 

covering goods-producing industries. Nonmanufactured goods are defined as NAICS 11 and 21, and 

manufactured goods are defined as NAICS 31-33. 

Export Price Indexes by Locality of Destination - Prices used in these indexes are a subset of the data 

collected for the export price indexes. The indexes are specific to a country, region, or grouping and are 

based on the North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) covering goods-producing 

industries. Nonmanufactured goods are defined as NAICS 11 and 21, and manufactured goods are 

defined as NAICS 31-33. 

Terms of Trade Indexes - Terms of trade indexes measure the relative price of exports in terms of 

import prices for a specific country, region, or grouping. The indexes are calculated as one country, 

region, or grouping’s all-export goods price index divided by the corresponding all-import goods price 

index on a scale of 100. 

 

Relative Importance - A relative importance is a specific index’s price-updated value share (expressed 

as a percentage) of overall imports or exports at a specific point in time. Relative importance values are 

affected by the trade weights at the point indexes are reweighted and index changes relative to other 

indexes since the reweight point. If an index is rising in value relative to other indexes over time, the 

relative importance will increase as well. 

Revision Policy - To reflect the availability of late reports and corrections by respondents, monthly data 

may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication. After 3 months, no further data 

revisions take place. For example, data first published in the January release will be subject to revision 

in the releases for February, March, and April. 

Rounding Policy - Index values are rounded to the tenth decimal place after being calculated. All 

percent changes are then derived from the rounded index values and subsequently rounded to the tenth 

decimal place. 

Uses of the Data - The primary use of the indexes is to deflate trade statistics, notably the foreign trade 

sector of the National Income and Product Accounts (NIPA) constructed by the Department of 

Commerce. Other published indexes are useful for general market analysis. For trade in international 

services, balance of payments indexes are used for deflating NIPA, while international indexes are more 

appropriate for market analysis. 

Email Subscription - The U.S. import and export price indexes news release is available through an 

email subscription service at www.bls.gov/bls/list.htm. 

 

Additional Information - More detailed data are available on the Import/Export Price Indexes home 

page at www.bls.gov/mxp. For import and export price indexes data requests, send an email to 

mxpinfo@bls.gov. 

Information from this release will be made available to sensory impaired individuals upon request. 

Voice phone: (202)-691-5200; Federal Relay Service: 1-(800)-877-8339.