U.S. IMPORT AND EXPORT PRICE INDEXES – APRIL 2024

U.S. imports increased 0.9 percent in April, after advancing 0.6 percent in March, the U.S. Bureau of Labor 

Statistics reported today. Higher fuel and nonfuel import prices contributed to the overall rise. Prices for 

U.S. exports increased 0.5 percent in April following a 0.1-percent advance the previous month. 

Chart 1. One-month and 12-month percent changes in the Import Price Index: April 2023 – April 2024

Imports 

The price index for U.S. imports advanced 0.9 percent in April, the largest 1-month increase since the index 

rose 2.9 percent in March 2022. Prices for U.S. imports last declined on a monthly basis in December 2023. 

Import prices advanced 1.1 percent over the past 12 months, the largest over-the-year increase since 

December 2022. (See table 1.)

Fuel Imports: Prices for import fuel rose 2.4 percent in April, after advancing 5.4 percent the previous 

month. Import fuel prices have not decreased on a monthly basis since the index fell 8.0 percent in 

December 2023. Prices for import fuel increased 3.3 percent for the year ended in April. Import petroleum 

prices rose 2.9 percent in April following a 10.7-percent advance from December 2023 to March 2024. 

Prices for import petroleum also increased on a 12-month basis, rising 5.2 percent over the past year. In 

contrast, the price index for import natural gas fell 9.2 percent in April, after declining 29.7 percent in 

March and 14.3 percent in February. Prices for natural gas last advanced on a 1-month basis in November 

2023. Natural gas prices decreased 42.5 percent from April 2023 to April 2024. 

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Apr'23 May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr'24

1-month percent change 12-month percent change

Transmission of material in this release is embargoed until

8:30 a.m. (ET) Thursday, May 16, 2024 

Technical information: (202) 691-7101 • MXPinfo@bls.gov • www.bls.gov/mxp

Media contact: (202) 691-5902 • PressOffice@bls.gov

USDL-24-0946
2

All Imports Excluding Fuel: Nonfuel import prices increased 0.7 percent in April following a 0.2-percent 

advance in March. The April increase was the largest monthly advance since the index rose 1.2 percent in 

March 2022. Higher prices for nonfuel industrial supplies and materials; foods, feeds, and beverages; 

automotive vehicles; capital goods; and consumer goods in April all contributed to the advance in nonfuel 

prices. Prices for nonfuel imports rose 0.9 percent over the past 12 months, the largest over-the-year 

advance since December 2022. 

Foods, Feeds, and Beverages: Prices for foods, feeds, and beverages rose 1.7 percent in April, after a 1.6-

percent advance the previous month. The April increase was the largest 1-month rise since July 2023. 

Higher prices for bakery and confectionary products and fruit in April more than offset lower vegetable 

prices. 

Nonfuel Industrial Supplies and Materials: Nonfuel industrial supplies and materials prices increased 3.0 

percent in April following a 1.1-percent advance in March. The April rise was the largest monthly increase 

since March 2022. The April advance was led by higher prices for other agricultural products. 

Finished Goods: Prices for each of the major finished goods import categories increased in April. Prices for 

automotive vehicles advanced 0.3 percent following a 0.2-percent increase in March. Consumer goods 

prices advanced 0.1 percent in April, after declining 0.3 percent the previous month. Higher prices in April

for coins, gems, jewelry, and collectibles; and television and video receivers led the rise in consumer goods 

prices. The price index for capital goods ticked up 0.1 percent in April, after decreasing 0.2 percent in 

March. 

Table A. Percent change in Import and Export Price Indexes, selected categories
3

Chart 2. One-month and 12-month percent changes in the Export Price Index: April 2023 – April 2024

Exports 

U.S. export prices rose 0.5 percent in April following a 0.1-percent advance in March. Export prices have 

not decreased on a monthly basis since December 2023. Higher nonagricultural prices in April more than 

offset lower agricultural prices. Despite the recent increases, the price index for U.S. exports declined 1.0 

percent over the past year, the smallest over-the-year drop since February 2023. (See table 2.)

Agricultural Exports: The price index for agricultural exports fell 0.9 percent in April, after declining 1.3 

percent the previous month. Lower prices for other animal feeds, fruits, and vegetables in April more than 

offset higher prices for meat, soybeans, and corn. Export agricultural prices decreased 10.2 percent from 

April 2023 to April 2024, the largest 12-month drop since November 2023. 

All Exports Excluding Agriculture: Prices for nonagricultural exports advanced 0.7 percent in April 

following a 0.3-percent increase in March. Nonagricultural export prices last recorded a 1-month drop in 

December 2023. Higher prices for nonagricultural industrial supplies and materials, capital goods, 

automotive vehicles, and consumer goods in April more than offset lower prices for nonagricultural foods. 

Prices for nonagricultural exports ticked up 0.1 percent for the year ended in April, the first 12-month 

advance since January 2023. 

Nonagricultural Industrial Supplies and Materials: The price index for nonagricultural industrial supplies 

and materials rose 1.1 percent in April, after increasing 0.5 percent the previous month. Higher prices for 

nonferrous metals and fuels in April led the advance. 

Finished Goods: Prices for each of the major finished goods export categories advanced in April. Capital 

goods prices advanced 0.4 percent following a 0.1-percent rise in March. Higher prices in April for electric

apparatus and parts; scientific and medical machinery; and computers, peripherals, and semiconductors 

drove the overall advance. The price index for automotive vehicles rose 0.8 percent in April, the largest 

monthly increase since September 2023. Higher parts prices in April led the advance in automotive vehicles

prices. Prices for consumer goods ticked up 0.1 percent in April, after increasing 0.4 percent the previous 

month. 

More information for the major import and export price indexes can be found at 

www.bls.gov/web/ximpim/largest.htm. 

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Apr'23 May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr'24

1-month percent change 12-month percent change
4

Measures of Import and Export Prices by Locality

Imports by Locality of Origin: Prices for imports from China edged down 0.1 percent in April, after being 

unchanged in March. The price index for imports from China last advanced on a monthly basis in October 

2022. Import prices from China declined 2.2 percent for the year ended in April. The price index for imports 

from Japan fell 0.1 percent in April following a 0.9-percent decline the previous month. Prices for imports 

from Japan last increased on a 1-month basis in January 2024. Despite the recent decreases, import prices 

from Japan rose 0.3 percent over the past year. In contrast, import prices from Canada increased 1.9 percent

in April, the largest monthly advance since August 2023. The price index for imports from Canada fell 0.4 

percent over the past 12 months. Prices for imports from Mexico and the European Union also increased in 

April, rising 0.9 percent and 0.4 percent, respectively. (See table 7.)

Exports by Locality of Destination: Export prices to China rose 1.2 percent in April, after increasing 0.4 

percent in March. The April increase was the largest 1-month advance since February 2023. The price index 

for exports to China fell 3.2 percent for the year ended in April. Prices for exports to Japan increased 2.1 

percent in April, the largest monthly advance since the index rose 5.0 percent in March 2022. Despite the 

April increase, export prices to Japan decreased 4.3 percent over the past year. The price index for exports 

to Canada rose 0.5 percent in April following a 0.4-percent advance the previous month. The April increase 

was the largest 1-month rise since September 2023. Export prices to Canada advanced 0.2 percent from 

April 2023 to April 2024. Prices for exports to Mexico increased 1.7 percent in April and export prices to 

the European Union rose 1.2 percent over the same period. (See table 8.)

Terms of Trade Indexes: Terms of trade indexes are based on country, region, or grouping and measure 

the change in the purchasing power of exports relative to imports. U.S. terms of trade with China advanced 

1.3 percent in April following a 0.4-percent increase in March. Both higher export prices to China and lower 

import prices from China in April contributed to the rise in U.S. terms of trade with China. Despite the 

recent increases, U.S. terms of trade with China fell 1.0 percent over the past year. The index for U.S. terms 

of trade with Japan advanced 2.2 percent in April, after declining 1.0 percent the previous month. U.S. terms 

of trade with Japan decreased 4.6 percent for the year ended in April. U.S. terms of trade with Canada fell 

1.3 percent in April, the largest 1-month drop since August 2023. The index for U.S. terms of trade with 

Mexico advanced 0.7 percent in April and U.S. terms of trade with the European Union increased 0.8 

percent over the same period. (See table 9.)

Import and Export Services

Imports: Import air passenger fares rose 1.2 percent in April, after advancing 0.3 percent in March. The 

April rise was the largest monthly increase since a 6.9-percent advance in December 2023. Import air 

passenger fares also advanced on a 12-month basis, increasing 5.9 percent for the year ended in April. 

Import air freight prices rose 4.8 percent in April following a 1.5-percent increase the previous month. The 

April advance was driven by an 8.3-percent rise in Asian air freight prices. Despite the recent increases, 

import air freight prices fell 2.8 percent over the past year. (See table 10.)

Exports: The index for export air passenger fares advanced 0.5 percent in April, after increasing 4.0 percent 

the previous month. Higher Latin American/Caribbean and Asian fares in April more than offset lower 

European fares. Despite the recent advances, export air passenger fares fell 5.1 percent over the past 12 

months. Export air freight prices decreased 2.1 percent in April following a 1.1-percent increase in March. 

Lower prices for European and Asian air freight in April contributed to the drop. Prices for export air freight 

declined 7.6 percent from April 2023 to April 2024. 

 

U.S. Import and Export Price Index data for May 2024 are scheduled for release on Friday, June 14, 

2024, at 8:30 a.m. (ET). 
Table 1. U.S. import price indexes and percent changes for selected categories of goods: April 2023 to April

2024

[2000=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description End Use

Relative

importance

Mar.

20241

Index Percent change

Mar.

2024

Apr.

2024

Annual Monthly

Apr.

2023 to

Apr.

2024

Dec.

2023 to

Jan.

2024

Jan.

2024 to

Feb.

2024

Feb.

2024 to

Mar.

2024

Mar.

2024 to

Apr.

2024

All commodities................................... 100.000 140.5 141.8 1.1 0.7 0.2 0.6 0.9

All imports excluding food and fuels (Dec.

2010=100)........................................ 84.314 108.3 109.0 0.4 0.7 0.1 0.1 0.6

All imports excluding petroleum.............. 91.878 124.1 125.0 0.7 0.6 0.1 0.1 0.7

All imports excluding fuels (Dec.

2001=100)........................................ 91.613 128.1 129.0 0.9 0.6 0.1 0.2 0.7

Foods, feeds, & beverages................... 0 7.299 221.7 225.4 6.8 1.4 0.2 1.6 1.7

Agricultural foods, feeds & beverages,

excluding distilled beverages............. 00 5.971 250.3 255.8 10.3 1.7 -0.4 2.0 2.2

Nonagricultural foods (fish, distilled

beverages).................................. 01 1.328 152.4 151.5 -6.5 0.4 3.1 -0.5 -0.6

Industrial supplies & materials.............. 1 23.054 242.6 249.2 0.6 0.5 0.0 2.7 2.7

Industrial supplies & materials excluding

petroleum.................................... 15.077 197.8 203.0 -1.7 -0.2 -0.8 0.6 2.6

Industrial supplies & materials excluding

fuels (Dec. 2001=100)..................... 14.655 222.5 229.1 -0.9 0.0 -0.5 1.1 3.0

Industrial supplies & materials, durable. . .. 9.327 215.9 219.8 -2.5 0.1 -0.5 1.1 1.8

Industrial supplies & materials nondurable

excluding petroleum....................... 5.605 176.8 184.0 -0.4 -0.6 -1.3 -0.2 4.1

Fuels & lubricants............................. 10 8.387 286.6 293.5 3.3 1.7 1.1 5.4 2.4

Petroleum & petroleum products......... 100 8.122 311.7 320.6 5.2 2.0 1.7 6.7 2.9

Crude petroleum........................... 10000 5.504 317.6 333.1 8.5 1.1 3.4 5.7 4.9

Fuels, n.e.s.-coals & gas.................. 101 0.265 124.3 113.1 -34.8 -3.6 -11.0 -21.3 -9.0

Natural gas.................................. 10110 0.167 94.5 85.8 -42.5 -4.8 -14.3 -29.7 -9.2

Paper & paper base stocks.................. 11 0.525 136.9 138.6 -0.9 -0.6 -1.3 -0.6 1.2

Materials associated with nondurable

supplies & materials....................... 12 4.815 195.7 206.4 2.5 -0.4 -0.5 1.4 5.5

Unfinished metals related to durable

goods........................................ 14 3.390 314.3 323.3 -5.4 1.1 -1.7 1.2 2.9

Finished metals related to durable

goods........................................ 15 2.607 219.0 223.4 2.1 -1.5 -0.5 2.4 2.0

Capital goods................................... 2 28.600 93.5 93.6 -0.1 0.4 0.2 -0.2 0.1

Nonelectrical machinery...................... 21 22.627 84.2 84.2 -0.5 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0

Transportation equipment excluding motor

vehicles (Dec. 2001=100)................. 22 1.676 160.3 160.7 5.4 1.6 1.4 1.7 0.2

Automotive vehicles, parts & engines..... 3 13.583 120.3 120.7 2.6 0.8 0.1 0.2 0.3

Automotive vehicles, parts and engines, 2

digit (Dec. 2023=100)...................... 30 13.583 101.0 101.4 – 0.8 0.0 0.2 0.4

Consumer goods, excluding

automotives.................................. 4 27.464 110.7 110.8 0.5 1.1 0.4 -0.3 0.1

Nondurables, manufactured................. 40 13.788 128.0 128.0 2.1 2.0 0.2 0.0 0.0

Durables, manufactured...................... 41 12.690 94.5 94.7 -0.8 0.1 0.1 -0.1 0.2

Nonmanufactured consumer goods. . . . . . .. 42 0.985 125.0 125.5 -3.0 -0.2 7.3 -5.9 0.4

1 Relative importance figures are based on 2022 trade values.

NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication.

Dash = Not available

5
Table 2. U.S. export price indexes and percent changes for selected categories of goods: April 2023 to April

2024

[2000=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description End Use

Relative

importance

Mar.

20241

Index Percent change

Mar.

2024

Apr.

2024

Annual Monthly

Apr.

2023 to

Apr.

2024

Dec.

2023 to

Jan.

2024

Jan.

2024 to

Feb.

2024

Feb.

2024 to

Mar.

2024

Mar.

2024 to

Apr.

2024

All commodities................................... 100.000 148.7 149.5 -1.0 0.7 0.7 0.1 0.5

Agricultural commodities....................... 9.370 225.7 223.7 -10.2 -1.4 0.6 -1.3 -0.9

All exports excluding food and fuels (Dec.

2010=100)........................................ 74.971 115.2 115.9 0.8 0.1 0.3 0.4 0.6

All exports excluding fuels (June

2022=100)........................................ 83.499 99.5 100.0 -0.2 -0.1 0.4 0.2 0.5

Nonagricultural commodities.................. 90.630 142.7 143.7 0.1 0.9 0.7 0.3 0.7

Foods, feeds, & beverages................... 0 8.529 226.5 225.0 -10.6 -1.4 0.4 -1.6 -0.7

Agricultural foods, feeds & beverages,

excluding distilled beverages............. 00 8.150 228.5 227.1 -10.6 -1.5 0.4 -1.6 -0.6

Nonagricultural foods (fish, distilled

beverages).................................. 01 0.378 188.6 185.0 -10.8 0.7 0.8 -0.7 -1.9

Industrial supplies & materials.............. 1 38.496 200.9 203.0 -1.7 1.9 1.5 0.6 1.0

Industrial supplies & materials, durable. . .. 10.930 213.6 217.9 0.5 0.0 0.3 1.1 2.0

Industrial supplies & materials,

nondurable.................................. 27.565 193.3 194.6 -2.6 2.7 2.0 0.3 0.7

Agricultural industrial supplies &

materials..................................... 10 1.192 215.9 209.5 -7.3 -1.2 1.9 0.7 -3.0

Nonagricultural industrial supplies &

materials..................................... 37.303 200.5 202.8 -1.6 2.0 1.5 0.5 1.1

Fuels & lubricants............................. 11 16.501 242.7 245.3 -2.8 4.6 2.2 -0.2 1.1

Nonagricultural supplies & materials

excluding fuels & building materials. . . .. 12 20.047 195.1 197.6 -0.7 0.0 0.9 1.1 1.3

Selected building materials.................. 13 0.755 150.5 152.0 2.1 -1.3 0.5 0.9 1.0

Capital goods................................... 2 31.609 122.7 123.2 1.8 0.6 0.3 0.1 0.4

Nonelectrical machinery...................... 21 22.510 102.4 102.7 1.2 0.4 0.3 0.0 0.3

Transportation equipment excluding motor

vehicles (Dec. 2001=100)................. 22 5.608 218.3 218.7 5.8 2.1 0.5 0.1 0.2

Automotive vehicles, parts & engines..... 3 8.599 127.6 128.6 4.0 0.4 0.1 -0.1 0.8

Vehicles-passenger (Dec. 2023=100)...... 30 8.599 100.4 101.1 – 0.4 0.0 0.0 0.7

Consumer goods, excluding

automotives.................................. 4 12.768 117.8 117.9 -1.3 -1.1 -0.2 0.4 0.1

Nondurables, manufactured................. 40 6.734 107.2 107.3 -3.1 -2.2 -0.3 -0.1 0.1

Durables, manufactured...................... 41 4.880 121.5 121.7 2.1 0.3 0.0 1.3 0.2

Nonmanufactured consumer goods (Dec.

2018=100)................................... 42 1.153 126.8 126.3 -4.0 0.0 0.0 -0.2 -0.4

1 Relative importance figures are based on 2022 trade values.

NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication.

Dash = Not available

6
Table 3. U.S. import price indexes and percent changes for selected industries: April 2023 to April 2024

[December 2005=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description NAICS

Relative

importance

Mar.

20241

Index Percent change

Mar.

2024

Apr.

2024

Annual Monthly

Apr.

2023 to

Apr.

2024

Dec.

2023 to

Jan.

2024

Jan.

2024 to

Feb.

2024

Feb.

2024 to

Mar.

2024

Mar.

2024 to

Apr.

2024

Nonmanufacturing................................ 8.235 153.2 158.4 7.2 1.3 2.6 2.6 3.4

Agriculture, forestry, fishing and

hunting........................................ 11 2.275 242.7 247.2 15.0 3.2 2.8 -0.5 1.9

Crop production............................... 111 1.902 255.9 261.9 17.5 4.0 2.0 -0.9 2.3

Animal production (Dec. 2022=100)........ 112 0.251 122.9 121.1 10.4 -2.0 10.9 2.4 -1.5

Mining............................................ 21 5.960 144.2 149.9 4.4 0.5 2.6 3.8 4.0

Oil and gas extraction........................ 211 5.717 142.5 148.5 6.0 0.8 2.6 3.8 4.2

Mining (except oil and gas) (Dec.

2022=100)................................... 212 0.244 110.4 109.5 -23.0 -5.3 2.6 3.4 -0.8

Manufacturing..................................... 91.448 122.2 122.8 0.1 0.7 0.0 0.3 0.5

Manufacturing, part 1......................... 31 11.955 139.7 142.2 2.2 0.1 0.6 0.7 1.8

Food manufacturing.......................... 311 4.353 190.7 199.9 5.6 0.1 1.5 1.9 4.8

Beverage and tobacco product

manufacturing............................... 312 1.175 142.2 142.3 1.9 -0.2 0.1 0.5 0.1

Textile mills (Dec. 2023=100)............... 313 0.321 100.8 102.0 – 0.1 0.4 0.3 1.2

Textile product mills (Dec. 2023=100). . . .. 314 0.895 100.1 100.0 – 0.1 0.1 -0.1 -0.1

Apparel manufacturing....................... 315 3.520 119.1 119.0 -0.3 0.3 0.0 0.0 -0.1

Manufacturing, part 2......................... 32 19.068 142.6 142.5 -1.2 1.5 -0.4 0.8 -0.1

Paper manufacturing......................... 322 0.995 120.6 121.3 -1.3 -0.3 -1.1 -0.2 0.6

Printing and related support activities

(Dec. 2023=100)........................... 323 0.147 100.1 100.0 – 0.5 -0.2 -0.2 -0.1

Petroleum and coal products

manufacturing............................... 324 2.324 140.5 138.9 -2.2 4.1 -3.0 9.5 -1.1

Chemical manufacturing..................... 325 11.112 151.3 151.1 -0.5 1.7 -0.2 -0.2 -0.1

Plastics and rubber products

manufacturing............................... 326 2.542 131.2 131.5 -1.5 -0.2 0.8 -0.3 0.2

Nonmetallic mineral product

manufacturing............................... 327 1.095 144.2 144.2 -1.8 0.1 0.0 -0.5 0.0

Manufacturing, part 3......................... 33 60.425 112.7 113.1 0.1 0.4 0.0 0.2 0.4

Primary metal manufacturing................ 331 4.611 219.6 228.5 -1.2 0.9 -1.5 1.4 4.1

Fabricated metal product manufacturing... 332 3.221 146.9 144.6 -3.5 -1.2 -0.1 1.5 -1.6

Machinery manufacturing.................... 333 8.004 132.3 132.3 0.5 0.2 0.4 0.0 0.0

Computer and electronic product

manufacturing............................... 334 16.496 72.1 72.2 -1.1 0.0 0.0 -0.1 0.1

Electrical equipment, appliance, and

component manufacturing................. 335 6.291 125.7 125.8 -1.5 0.8 0.2 -1.2 0.1

Transportation equipment manufacturing... 336 14.035 119.8 120.1 2.9 0.9 0.3 0.3 0.3

Furniture and related product

manufacturing............................... 337 1.863 127.9 127.7 -0.9 0.6 -0.2 0.0 -0.2

Miscellaneous manufacturing............... 339 5.903 129.5 130.1 1.7 0.5 0.2 0.3 0.5

1 Relative importance figures are based on 2022 trade values.

NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication.

Dash = Not available

7
Table 4. U.S. export price indexes and percent changes for selected industries: April 2023 to April 2024

[December 2005=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description NAICS

Relative

importance

Mar.

20241

Index Percent change

Mar.

2024

Apr.

2024

Annual Monthly

Apr.

2023 to

Apr.

2024

Dec.

2023 to

Jan.

2024

Jan.

2024 to

Feb.

2024

Feb.

2024 to

Mar.

2024

Mar.

2024 to

Apr.

2024

Nonmanufacturing................................ 14.462 172.7 172.9 -6.6 3.1 1.0 -2.3 0.1

Agriculture, forestry, fishing and

hunting........................................ 11 4.472 183.6 182.7 -15.8 -2.3 1.1 -2.7 -0.5

Crop production............................... 111 4.164 192.5 191.7 -16.9 -2.6 0.9 -3.0 -0.4

Mining............................................ 21 9.990 109.8 110.2 -1.6 5.8 1.0 -2.1 0.4

Oil and gas extraction (Dec. 2021=100). .. 211 8.672 97.6 98.4 1.4 6.7 1.1 -2.4 0.8

Mining (except oil and gas).................. 212 1.319 134.8 130.9 -17.9 0.7 0.3 -0.4 -2.9

Manufacturing..................................... 83.884 134.5 135.3 0.1 0.2 0.5 0.6 0.6

Manufacturing, part 1......................... 31 6.384 169.8 167.5 -4.7 -0.8 -0.2 0.1 -1.4

Food manufacturing.......................... 311 4.574 199.0 196.1 -5.2 -0.9 -0.6 0.2 -1.5

Beverage and tobacco product

manufacturing............................... 312 0.525 140.2 137.1 -8.8 -0.6 -0.5 -1.1 -2.2

Manufacturing, part 2......................... 32 25.832 135.5 136.6 -2.4 -0.1 1.6 0.9 0.8

Wood product manufacturing (Dec.

2017=100)................................... 321 0.439 122.4 124.7 6.8 1.5 0.9 1.7 1.9

Petroleum and coal products

manufacturing............................... 324 6.174 151.1 154.5 -4.4 2.4 4.6 3.0 2.3

Chemical manufacturing..................... 325 14.580 131.7 132.2 -2.2 -1.1 0.9 0.3 0.4

Plastics and rubber products

manufacturing............................... 326 2.242 134.7 134.6 1.3 0.5 0.4 -0.6 -0.1

Nonmetallic mineral product

manufacturing............................... 327 0.733 131.9 132.1 1.0 -0.5 -0.2 0.0 0.2

Manufacturing, part 3......................... 33 51.668 130.5 131.4 2.0 0.4 0.2 0.4 0.7

Primary metal manufacturing................ 331 4.422 201.8 210.4 0.3 -0.5 -1.0 3.0 4.3

Machinery manufacturing.................... 333 9.487 151.4 152.0 2.1 0.3 0.3 0.1 0.4

Computer and electronic product

manufacturing............................... 334 12.582 83.3 83.4 -0.2 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.1

Transportation equipment manufacturing... 336 13.274 148.7 149.5 5.0 1.1 0.2 0.1 0.5

Furniture and related product

manufacturing (Dec. 2023=100).......... 337 0.352 101.8 101.9 – 1.8 0.0 0.0 0.1

Miscellaneous manufacturing............... 339 5.059 141.6 142.5 3.2 0.9 0.2 0.6 0.6

1 Relative importance figures are based on 2022 trade values.

NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication.

Dash = Not available

8
Table 5. U.S. import price indexes and percent changes for selected categories of goods: April 2023 to April

2024

[2000=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description

Harmonized

system

Relative

importance

Mar.

20241

Index Percent change

Mar.

2024

Apr.

2024

Annual Monthly

Apr.

2023 to

Apr.

2024

Dec.

2023 to

Jan.

2024

Jan.

2024 to

Feb.

2024

Feb.

2024 to

Mar.

2024

Mar.

2024 to

Apr.

2024

Live animals; animal products................. I 1.478 238.0 239.3 1.3 1.6 4.6 0.9 0.5

Meat and edible meat offal..................... 02 0.431 343.9 353.6 12.4 1.7 2.4 3.8 2.8

Fish and crustaceans, molluscs and other

aquatic invertebrates......................... 03 0.697 148.0 146.0 -8.5 3.2 6.4 -0.7 -1.4

Vegetable products............................... II 2.172 261.7 265.6 5.4 3.3 -2.1 -1.2 1.5

Edible vegetables, roots, and tubers.......... 07 0.555 554.7 542.3 18.0 9.4 -14.1 9.2 -2.2

Edible fruit and nuts; peel of citrus fruit or

melons.......................................... 08 0.777 131.1 137.3 10.3 6.1 -4.9 -1.7 4.7

Coffee, tea, mate and spices.................. 09 0.378 297.3 300.7 -1.5 -5.6 1.3 1.0 1.1

Animal or vegetable fats and oils (Dec.

2009=100)........................................ III 0.453 150.0 152.3 2.7 -2.4 0.5 3.0 1.5

Animal or vegetable fats and oils and their

cleavage products; prepared (Dec.

2023=100)..................................... 15 0.453 101.0 102.5 – -2.4 0.5 3.0 1.5

Prepared foodstuffs, beverages, and

tobacco........................................... IV 3.530 203.8 214.8 10.3 -0.3 1.0 1.8 5.4

Sugars and sugar confectionary (Dec.

2021=100)..................................... 17 0.246 128.4 127.8 12.4 2.6 1.1 1.7 -0.5

Cocoa and cocoa preparations (Dec.

2009=100)..................................... 18 0.378 196.0 283.7 132.9 4.4 14.1 21.4 44.7

Preparations of cereals, flour, starch or milk;

bakers’ wares (Dec. 2023=100)............. 19 0.492 99.8 99.8 – 0.0 -0.1 -0.1 0.0

Miscellaneous edible preparations (Dec.

2022=100)..................................... 21 0.395 93.6 98.9 1.6 -2.6 -2.2 -2.1 5.7

Beverages, spirits, and vinegar................ 22 1.113 155.1 155.2 1.2 -0.4 0.1 0.5 0.1

Mineral products.................................. V 8.401 292.8 300.4 2.1 1.6 0.9 5.2 2.6

Mineral fuels, oils and residuals, bituminous

substances and mineral waxes............. 27 8.101 286.3 293.9 3.4 1.9 0.9 5.3 2.7

Products of the chemical or allied

industries........................................ VI 10.806 173.7 173.3 0.2 1.5 0.1 0.0 -0.2

Organic chemicals............................... 29 2.273 138.5 137.8 -5.5 -3.6 0.3 0.4 -0.5

Pharmaceutical products....................... 30 5.701 155.5 155.8 5.0 4.5 0.6 0.1 0.2

Fertilizers (Dec. 2022=100).................... 31 0.225 63.8 64.0 -9.1 0.3 -1.4 2.6 0.3

Tanning extracts; dye, pigments, varnish,

paints & putty (Dec. 2022=100)............. 32 0.198 100.8 100.6 -0.1 0.1 -0.5 -0.1 -0.2

Miscellaneous chemical products............. 38 0.910 114.1 112.7 -7.0 -0.9 -0.5 -0.7 -1.2

Plastics and articles thereof; rubber and

articles thereof.................................. VII 3.748 153.5 153.9 -2.8 0.1 0.2 -0.2 0.3

Plastics and articles thereof.................... 39 2.499 150.5 151.2 -4.7 0.3 0.2 -0.4 0.5

Rubber and articles thereof.................... 40 1.249 162.2 162.1 0.7 -0.4 0.2 0.0 -0.1

Printed matter (Dec. 2023=100)............... 49 0.168 99.8 99.8 – 0.0 0.0 -0.2 0.0

Textile and textile articles....................... XI 4.536 120.6 120.6 -0.2 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.0

Articles of apparel and clothing accessories,

knitted or crocheted (Dec. 2023=100). . . .. 61 1.954 100.3 100.1 – 0.3 0.1 -0.1 -0.2

Articles of apparel and clothing accessories,

not knitted or crocheted...................... 62 1.420 126.8 127.1 -0.5 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.2

Made-up or worn textile articles (Dec.

2023=100)..................................... 63 0.622 99.6 99.3 – -0.4 0.0 0.0 -0.3

Headgear, umbrellas, artificial flowers,

etc................................................. XII 1.450 126.7 126.6 0.2 -0.1 0.0 0.0 -0.1

Footwear and parts of such articles........... 64 1.186 123.7 123.7 0.6 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

See footnotes at end of table.

9
Table 5. U.S. import price indexes and percent changes for selected categories of goods: April 2023 to April

2024 — Continued

[2000=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description

Harmonized

system

Relative

importance

Mar.

20241

Index Percent change

Mar.

2024

Apr.

2024

Annual Monthly

Apr.

2023 to

Apr.

2024

Dec.

2023 to

Jan.

2024

Jan.

2024 to

Feb.

2024

Feb.

2024 to

Mar.

2024

Mar.

2024 to

Apr.

2024

Stone, plaster, cement, asbestos,

ceramics, glass etc............................ XIII 0.937 136.8 136.7 -1.3 0.6 0.0 -0.6 -0.1

Articles of stone, plaster, cement, asbestos,

or mica (Dec. 2020=100).................... 68 0.324 100.2 100.7 -1.9 -0.2 0.0 -0.9 0.5

Glass and glassware (Dec. 2021=100)....... 70 0.341 109.5 109.5 0.1 1.7 0.0 -0.1 0.0

Pearls, stones, precious metals, imitation

jewelry, and coins.............................. XIV 3.068 227.7 239.4 2.3 0.2 -0.8 1.7 5.1

Pearls, precious stones, precious metals

jewelry, coin (Dec. 2023=100).............. 71 3.068 101.2 106.4 – 0.2 -0.8 1.8 5.1

Base metals and articles of base metals. . .. XV 5.839 227.8 228.5 -4.0 0.0 -0.6 0.8 0.3

Articles of iron or steel.......................... 73 1.730 191.0 191.7 -7.6 -0.3 -0.4 -1.0 0.4

Copper and articles thereof.................... 74 0.509 389.1 420.4 8.1 1.6 -1.0 3.0 8.0

Aluminum and articles thereof................. 76 1.090 191.3 187.8 -2.2 -2.1 -1.0 5.4 -1.8

Tools, implements, cutlery, spoons and

forks, of base metal; parts thereof.......... 82 0.415 133.1 132.9 0.6 0.6 0.5 -0.4 -0.2

Miscellaneous articles of base metal. . . . . . . .. 83 0.513 142.6 142.0 -4.5 -0.5 -0.1 -0.1 -0.4

Machinery, electrical equipment, TV image

and sound recorders, parts, etc............. XVI 30.472 82.3 82.3 -0.5 0.4 0.1 -0.2 0.0

Machinery and mechanical appliances;

parts thereof................................... 84 15.347 90.0 90.0 0.4 0.3 0.4 0.1 0.0

Electrical machinery and equip, sound and

TV recorders & reproducers, parts......... 85 15.125 75.1 75.2 -1.4 0.3 -0.1 -0.5 0.1

Vehicles, aircraft, vessels and associated

transport equipment........................... XVII 11.797 123.7 124.0 2.2 0.7 0.0 0.2 0.2

Motor vehicles and their parts................. 87 11.035 122.8 123.2 2.4 0.7 0.1 0.1 0.3

Aircraft, spacecraft, and parts thereof (Dec.

2020=100)..................................... 88 0.621 107.5 107.8 -0.6 0.1 -0.4 0.6 0.3

Optical, photo, measuring, medical &

musical instruments; & timepieces. . . . . . .. XVIII 4.196 110.9 111.2 3.2 1.1 0.5 0.3 0.3

Optical, photographic, measuring and

medical instruments.......................... 90 3.890 106.4 106.8 3.1 0.9 0.6 0.5 0.4

Miscellaneous manufactured articles......... XX 4.578 120.5 120.4 0.1 0.5 0.0 0.2 -0.1

Furniture & stuffed furnishings; lamps &

lighting fittings, nesoi; prefab bldgs......... 94 2.539 126.9 126.9 -0.7 0.5 -0.1 0.0 0.0

Toys, games and sports equipment; parts

and accessories thereof...................... 95 1.726 107.4 107.3 0.8 0.5 0.0 0.5 -0.1

Miscellaneous manufactured articles. . . . . . . .. 96 0.314 152.6 152.6 3.6 2.6 0.0 0.8 0.0

1 Relative importance figures are based on 2022 trade values.

NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication.

Dash = Not available

10
Table 6. U.S. export price indexes and percent changes for selected categories of goods: April 2023 to April

2024

[2000=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description

Harmonized

system

Relative

importance

Mar.

20241

Index Percent change

Mar.

2024

Apr.

2024

Annual Monthly

Apr.

2023 to

Apr.

2024

Dec.

2023 to

Jan.

2024

Jan.

2024 to

Feb.

2024

Feb.

2024 to

Mar.

2024

Mar.

2024 to

Apr.

2024

Live animals; animal products................. I 1.949 264.2 273.0 3.4 0.2 0.2 1.8 3.3

Meat & edible meat offal (Dec. 2006=100)... 02 1.262 229.4 235.5 9.4 1.5 -0.1 2.6 2.7

Vegetable products............................... II 4.029 236.2 234.7 -18.8 -2.6 0.5 -3.6 -0.6

Edible fruit and nuts; peel of citrus fruit or

melons.......................................... 08 0.866 151.9 146.5 5.8 -1.6 6.4 -1.2 -3.6

Cereals............................................ 10 1.115 227.7 229.2 -29.7 -2.9 1.0 -5.1 0.7

Oilseeds and misc. grains, seeds, fruits,

plants, straw and fodder..................... 12 1.612 237.7 242.9 -21.4 -2.3 -3.8 -4.8 2.2

Prepared foodstuffs, beverages, and

tobacco........................................... IV 2.864 180.7 174.7 -7.7 -1.3 -1.2 -1.4 -3.3

Preparations of cereals, flour, starch or milk;

bakers’ wares (Dec. 2023=100)............. 19 0.295 100.2 100.3 – 0.0 0.3 -0.1 0.1

Miscellaneous edible preparations (Dec.

2017=100)..................................... 21 0.590 111.7 106.3 -9.3 -1.2 -2.4 -2.9 -4.8

Residues and waste from the food

industries; prepared animal feed............ 23 0.649 271.4 242.9 -24.6 -4.5 -2.5 -3.4 -10.5

Mineral products.................................. V 16.206 291.2 294.6 -2.6 4.6 2.3 -0.3 1.2

Ores, slag and ash (Dec. 2012=100)......... 26 0.400 119.4 120.4 -17.5 -1.7 -1.4 1.6 0.8

Mineral fuels, oils and residuals, bituminous

substances and mineral waxes............. 27 15.612 279.6 282.9 -2.2 4.8 2.4 -0.3 1.2

Products of the chemical or allied

industries........................................ VI 12.473 158.3 158.7 -2.9 -1.4 0.5 0.5 0.3

Pharmaceutical products....................... 30 4.339 103.4 103.5 -4.0 -3.8 -0.1 -0.1 0.1

Essential oils and resinoids; perfumery

cosmetic or toilet preparations.............. 33 0.801 145.9 145.9 -2.2 1.6 -2.9 0.0 0.0

Miscellaneous chemical products............. 38 2.301 194.1 194.5 1.4 -0.3 0.8 0.5 0.2

Rubber and articles thereof.................... 40 0.908 189.8 190.3 12.9 0.6 9.6 -0.8 0.3

Wood, wood charcoal, cork, straw, baskets

and wickerwork (Dec. 2014=100)............ IX 0.485 112.7 115.1 4.7 1.9 1.3 1.9 2.1

Wood and articles of wood; wood charcoal

(Dec. 2023=100).............................. 44 0.485 105.2 107.3 – 1.8 1.4 1.9 2.0

Woodpulp and recovered paper (Dec.

2019=100)..................................... 47 0.541 163.0 163.4 4.7 1.1 0.5 1.9 0.2

Cotton, including yarns and woven fabrics

thereof.......................................... 52 0.699 166.9 160.9 -0.3 -1.9 5.0 3.5 -3.6

Stone, plaster, cement, asbestos,

ceramics, glass etc............................ XIII 0.746 153.8 153.9 5.1 1.3 -0.2 0.1 0.1

Glass and glassware (Dec. 2019=100)....... 70 0.353 114.7 114.9 3.5 -0.5 0.0 0.3 0.2

Pearls, stones, precious metals, imitation

jewelry, and coins.............................. XIV 4.928 322.1 334.6 3.1 0.7 -1.1 3.6 3.9

Pearls, precious stones, precious metals;

jewelry, coin (Dec. 2023=100).............. 71 4.928 103.2 107.2 – 0.7 -1.1 3.6 3.9

Base metals and articles of base metals. . .. XV 4.425 209.0 210.9 -1.7 -0.2 0.7 -0.4 0.9

Copper and articles thereof.................... 74 0.546 264.0 284.0 4.7 0.7 0.8 1.5 7.6

Aluminum and articles thereof................. 76 0.711 147.3 148.9 0.5 0.7 0.5 0.8 1.1

Miscellaneous articles of base metal (Dec.

2022=100)..................................... 83 0.336 105.8 105.7 4.1 -0.6 1.8 -0.2 -0.1

Machinery, electrical equipment, TV image

and sound recorders, parts, etc............. XVI 26.377 108.0 108.4 1.9 0.8 0.4 0.3 0.4

Machinery and mechanical appliances;

parts thereof................................... 84 15.576 132.5 133.0 2.7 1.1 0.5 -0.2 0.4

See footnotes at end of table.

11
Table 6. U.S. export price indexes and percent changes for selected categories of goods: April 2023 to April

2024 — Continued

[2000=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description

Harmonized

system

Relative

importance

Mar.

20241

Index Percent change

Mar.

2024

Apr.

2024

Annual Monthly

Apr.

2023 to

Apr.

2024

Dec.

2023 to

Jan.

2024

Jan.

2024 to

Feb.

2024

Feb.

2024 to

Mar.

2024

Mar.

2024 to

Apr.

2024

Electrical machinery and equipment and

parts and accessories thereof............... 85 10.802 82.4 82.8 0.7 0.2 0.4 0.9 0.5

Vehicles, aircraft, vessels and associated

transport equipment........................... XVII 9.725 154.7 155.3 3.7 0.3 0.1 0.1 0.4

Motor vehicles and their parts................. 87 7.258 129.2 129.7 4.0 0.4 0.1 0.0 0.4

Optical, photo, measuring, medical &

musical instruments; & timepieces. . . . . . .. XVIII 5.742 118.9 120.2 2.7 0.6 -0.3 -0.3 1.1

Optical, photographic, measuring and

medical instruments (Dec. 2023=100). . . .. 90 5.691 100.1 101.2 – 0.6 -0.2 -0.3 1.1

Miscellaneous manufactured articles......... XX 1.160 135.7 135.8 -0.7 0.7 0.1 0.0 0.1

Furniture; stuffed furnishings; lamps and

lighting fittings nesoi.......................... 94 0.576 149.9 150.2 0.2 1.4 0.0 0.1 0.2

Toys, games and sports equipment; parts

and accessories thereof...................... 95 0.448 118.6 118.6 0.6 0.1 0.1 -0.2 0.0

1 Relative importance figures are based on 2022 trade values.

NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication.

Dash = Not available

12
Table 7. U.S. import price indexes and percent changes by locality of origin: April 2023 to April 2024

[2000=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description

Relative

importance

Mar.

20241

Index Percent change

Mar.

2024

Apr.

2024

Annual Monthly

Apr.

2023 to

Apr.

2024

Dec.

2023 to

Jan.

2024

Jan.

2024 to

Feb.

2024

Feb.

2024 to

Mar.

2024

Mar.

2024 to

Apr.

2024

Industrialized Countries2

.................... 100.000 145.7 147.2 1.3 1.0 0.6 0.5 1.0

Nonmanufacturing........................... 10.529 245.9 253.8 2.1 1.5 3.8 3.6 3.2

Manufacturing................................ 89.101 137.6 138.7 1.4 0.9 0.3 0.1 0.8

Canada.......................................... 100.000 170.0 173.3 -0.4 0.6 1.1 1.2 1.9

Nonmanufacturing........................... 31.417 240.1 248.3 1.6 1.6 3.7 3.6 3.4

Manufacturing................................ 67.750 154.7 156.8 -1.0 0.2 -0.1 0.1 1.4

European Union............................... 100.000 157.9 158.6 2.1 1.1 0.3 0.1 0.4

Manufacturing................................ 99.317 153.6 154.2 2.1 1.1 0.3 0.1 0.4

France (Dec. 2003=100)...................... 100.000 157.1 157.5 4.6 4.3 0.1 -0.1 0.3

Germany (Dec. 2003=100)................... 100.000 124.4 124.9 0.0 -0.1 0.4 0.2 0.4

United Kingdom (Dec. 2003=100).......... 100.000 138.2 139.3 1.8 0.3 0.7 0.3 0.8

Latin America3

................................. 100.000 173.9 175.8 3.6 1.0 0.5 0.8 1.1

Nonmanufacturing........................... 13.902 344.8 351.1 10.3 1.8 2.5 0.0 1.8

Manufacturing................................ 85.837 139.7 141.2 2.6 0.9 0.1 0.9 1.1

Mexico (Dec. 2003=100)...................... 100.000 147.7 149.0 4.5 1.3 0.4 0.7 0.9

Nonmanufacturing (Dec. 2008=100). . . . .. 9.253 191.6 192.5 23.9 8.4 3.0 2.5 0.5

Manufacturing (Dec. 2008=100)........... 90.491 100.0 100.9 2.9 0.6 0.2 0.5 0.9

Pacific Rim (Dec. 2003=100)4............... 100.000 101.9 102.2 -1.1 0.0 -0.1 -0.2 0.3

China (Dec. 2003=100)....................... 100.000 100.5 100.4 -2.2 -0.4 -0.1 0.0 -0.1

Japan............................................ 100.000 101.4 101.3 0.3 1.2 -0.4 -0.9 -0.1

Taiwan (Dec. 2018=100)...................... 100.000 108.4 108.5 -1.9 -0.5 -0.1 0.0 0.1

Asian NICs5

..................................... 100.000 94.3 95.0 -0.9 -0.3 -0.2 0.1 0.7

ASEAN (Dec. 2003=100)6

.................... 100.000 100.0 100.9 -2.3 -0.1 -0.2 0.2 0.9

Asia Near East (Dec. 2003=100)7

........... 100.000 215.9 227.3 3.4 0.1 1.4 2.0 5.3

1 Relative importance figures are based on 2022 trade values.

2 Western Europe, Canada, Japan, Australia, New Zealand, and South Africa.

3 Mexico, Central America, South America, and the Caribbean.

4 China, Japan, Australia, Brunei, Indonesia, Macao, Malaysia, New Zealand, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, and the Asian Newly Industrialized

Countries.

5 Asian Newly Industrialized Countries - Hong Kong, Singapore, South Korea, and Taiwan.

6 Association of Southeast Asian Nations - Brunei, Cambodia, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, Philippines, Singapore, Thailand, and Vietnam.

7 Bahrain, Iran, Iraq, Israel, Jordan, Kuwait, Lebanon, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Syria, United Arab Emirates, and Yemen.

NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication.

Regions are not mutually exclusive.

Dash = Not available

13
Table 8. U.S. export price indexes and percent changes by locality of destination: April 2023 to April 2024

[December 2017=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description

Relative

importance

Mar.

20241

Index Percent change

Mar.

2024

Apr.

2024

Annual Monthly

Apr.

2023 to

Apr.

2024

Dec.

2023 to

Jan.

2024

Jan.

2024 to

Feb.

2024

Feb.

2024 to

Mar.

2024

Mar.

2024 to

Apr.

2024

Industrialized Countries2

.................... 100.000 121.9 123.0 1.7 1.2 0.7 0.2 0.9

Nonmanufacturing........................... 15.154 145.2 147.3 1.9 5.0 3.5 -1.9 1.4

Manufacturing................................ 83.264 119.1 120.1 1.5 0.5 0.3 0.4 0.8

Canada.......................................... 100.000 128.4 129.1 0.2 -0.4 0.3 0.4 0.5

Nonmanufacturing (Dec. 2020=100). . . . .. 7.445 137.7 137.8 1.5 -2.0 1.2 0.7 0.1

Manufacturing (Dec. 2020=100)........... 90.759 119.7 120.4 -0.1 -0.3 0.3 0.3 0.6

European Union............................... 100.000 122.0 123.5 4.0 1.6 1.5 1.3 1.2

Nonmanufacturing........................... 23.123 146.1 152.3 4.5 1.2 2.8 4.1 4.2

Manufacturing................................ 75.357 117.2 117.6 3.2 1.8 1.2 0.4 0.3

Germany........................................ 100.000 123.2 124.7 6.8 3.7 0.3 0.7 1.2

Latin America3

................................. 100.000 123.8 125.6 0.0 1.1 1.1 0.4 1.5

Nonmanufacturing........................... 7.129 135.6 137.4 -5.4 2.6 -0.6 -5.8 1.3

Manufacturing................................ 92.311 123.0 124.8 0.4 1.0 1.2 0.9 1.5

Mexico........................................... 100.000 122.8 124.9 -0.2 0.7 0.7 0.3 1.7

Nonmanufacturing........................... 5.492 104.6 107.6 -12.9 1.1 -4.8 -9.5 2.9

Manufacturing................................ 93.666 125.0 127.1 0.6 0.7 1.0 1.0 1.7

Pacific Rim4.................................... 100.000 114.3 115.8 -0.6 0.8 1.0 0.0 1.3

Nonmanufacturing........................... 20.387 118.7 123.0 -6.7 3.1 2.4 -2.1 3.6

Manufacturing................................ 78.439 114.9 115.6 1.2 0.1 0.6 0.6 0.6

China............................................ 100.000 107.2 108.5 -3.2 -1.4 0.2 0.4 1.2

Nonmanufacturing........................... 24.182 103.0 105.8 -11.8 -2.9 -1.3 0.5 2.7

Manufacturing................................ 74.334 111.0 111.8 0.3 -0.9 0.6 0.4 0.7

Japan............................................ 100.000 109.3 111.6 -4.3 0.8 1.3 -1.8 2.1

Nonmanufacturing........................... 21.660 122.1 126.1 -10.6 7.2 5.3 -8.5 3.3

Manufacturing................................ 77.154 106.2 108.1 -1.5 -0.9 0.2 0.2 1.8

1 Relative importance figures are based on 2022 trade values.

2 Western Europe, Canada, Japan, Australia, New Zealand, and South Africa.

3 Mexico, Central America, South America, and the Caribbean.

4 China, Japan, Australia, Brunei, Indonesia, Macao, Malaysia, New Zealand, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, and the Asian Newly Industrialized

Countries.

NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication.

Regions are not mutually exclusive.

Dash = Not available

14
Table 9. U.S. terms of trade indexes and percent changes by locality: April 2023 to April 20241

[December 2017=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description

Index Percent change

Mar.

2024

Apr.

2024

Annual Monthly

Apr.

2023 to

Apr.

2024

Dec.

2023 to

Jan.

2024

Jan.

2024 to

Feb.

2024

Feb.

2024 to

Mar.

2024

Mar.

2024 to

Apr.

2024

Industrialized Countries2

............................ 102.4 102.3 0.5 0.2 0.0 -0.3 -0.1

Canada.................................................. 99.2 97.9 0.6 -1.0 -0.8 -0.8 -1.3

European Union...................................... 104.0 104.8 1.8 0.5 1.2 1.3 0.8

Germany................................................ 114.0 114.9 6.8 3.8 -0.1 0.4 0.8

Latin America3

........................................ 106.0 106.4 -3.4 0.1 0.7 -0.4 0.4

Mexico.................................................. 107.3 108.1 -4.6 -0.6 0.2 -0.3 0.7

Pacific Rim4............................................ 110.4 111.5 0.5 0.8 1.1 0.2 1.0

China.................................................... 106.8 108.2 -1.0 -0.9 0.3 0.4 1.3

Japan.................................................... 102.9 105.2 -4.6 -0.4 1.7 -1.0 2.2

1 Terms of trade indexes are derived by dividing the export price index by the corresponding import price index and multiplying by 100.

2 Western Europe, Canada, Japan, Australia, New Zealand, and South Africa.

3 Mexico, Central America, South America, and the Caribbean.

4 China, Japan, Australia, Brunei, Indonesia, Macao, Malaysia, New Zealand, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, and the Asian Newly Industrialized

Countries.

NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication.

Regions are not mutually exclusive.

Dash = Not available

15
Table 10. U.S. international price indexes and percent changes for selected transportation services: April 2023

to April 2024

[2000=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description

Relative

importance

Mar.

20241

Index Percent change

Mar.

2024

Apr.

2024

Annual Monthly

Apr.

2023 to

Apr.

2024

Dec.

2023 to

Jan.

2024

Jan.

2024 to

Feb.

2024

Feb.

2024 to

Mar.

2024

Mar.

2024 to

Apr.

2024

Air Freight

Import Air Freight.................................... 100.000 222.1 232.8 -2.8 -15.4 -3.5 1.5 4.8

Europe (Dec. 2003=100).......................... 25.845 175.2 167.8 -23.7 -13.4 3.4 7.0 -4.2

Asia.................................................. 73.289 222.8 241.4 6.1 -17.2 -5.4 0.0 8.3

Export Air Freight................................... 100.000 176.6 172.9 -7.6 -3.2 2.4 1.1 -2.1

Europe (Dec. 2006=100).......................... 27.373 132.1 124.1 -14.4 -1.3 1.6 1.0 -6.1

Asia (Dec. 2011=100).............................. 50.642 144.3 143.4 -2.4 -6.8 3.9 2.1 -0.6

Inbound Air Freight................................. 100.000 170.5 177.2 4.2 -13.0 -2.1 6.2 3.9

Europe (Dec. 2003=100).......................... 28.215 148.0 149.8 -6.1 -10.9 4.3 8.1 1.2

Asia.................................................. 58.507 159.1 169.4 11.2 -17.0 -3.2 4.9 6.5

Outbound Air Freight............................... 100.000 168.2 168.0 -8.7 -4.5 2.1 -1.6 -0.1

Europe (Dec. 2003=100).......................... 35.619 165.6 158.0 -9.6 -0.6 1.0 1.0 -4.6

Asia.................................................. 43.537 179.4 185.4 -8.8 -9.3 4.2 -4.0 3.3

Air Passenger Fares

Import Air Passenger Fares....................... 100.000 178.6 180.8 5.9 -6.2 0.0 0.3 1.2

Europe............................................... 46.915 194.7 194.0 2.5 1.2 1.3 -1.5 -0.4

Asia.................................................. 12.196 169.3 167.9 -3.5 -18.2 -2.5 7.2 -0.8

Latin America/Caribbean.......................... 10.355 156.2 142.2 -15.0 -20.9 6.7 7.3 -9.0

Export Air Passenger Fares....................... 100.000 181.2 182.1 -5.1 10.8 -10.1 4.0 0.5

Europe............................................... 36.337 213.7 208.0 -1.3 7.0 -4.4 4.7 -2.7

Asia.................................................. 11.999 187.0 190.5 -1.9 15.4 -18.8 4.4 1.9

Latin America/Caribbean.......................... 31.869 178.8 183.6 -11.1 17.3 -15.8 3.2 2.7

1 Relative importance figures are based on 2022 trade values.

NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication.

Dash = Not available

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TECHNICAL NOTE

Import and Export Goods and Services Price Indexes - All indexes use a modified Laspeyres 

formula and are not seasonally adjusted. Price indexes are reweighted annually, with a 2-year lag in the 

weights. Published series use a base year of 2000=100 where possible. More detailed index series and 

additional information may be obtained at www.bls.gov/mxp or by calling (202) 691-7101. 

Merchandise Goods Classification Systems - The merchandise price indexes are published using three

classification systems. Items are classified by end use according to the Bureau of Economic Analysis 

Classification System, by industry according to the North American Industry Classification System 

(NAICS), and by product category according to the Harmonized System (HS). While classification by 

end use and product category are self-explanatory, some notes are in order for classifying items by 

industry. In the NAICS imports and exports tables, items are classified by output industry, not input 

industry. As an example, NAICS import index 326 (plastics and rubber products manufacturing) 

includes outputs such as manufactured plastic rather than inputs such as petroleum. The NAICS 

classification structure also matches the classification system used by the Producer Price Index (PPI) to 

produce the NAICS primary products indexes.

Import Price Goods Indexes - Items are classified by the Harmonized Tariff Schedule of the United 

States Annotated (TSUSA). Import prices are based on U.S. dollar prices paid by the U.S. importer. The 

prices are generally either "free on board" (f.o.b.) foreign port or "cost, insurance, and freight" (c.i.f.) 

U.S. port transaction prices, depending on the practices of the individual industry. The index for crude 

petroleum is calculated from data collected by the U.S. Department of Energy. 

Export Price Goods Indexes - Items are classified by the Harmonized Schedule B classification system 

of the U.S. Bureau of the Census. The prices used are generally either "free alongside ship" (f.a.s.) 

factory or "free on board" (f.o.b.) transaction prices, depending on the practices of the individual 

industry. Prices used in the grain index, excluding rice, are obtained from the U.S. Department of 

Agriculture.

Services Price Indexes - Indexes for import and export air passenger fares calculate changes in the 

average revenue received per passenger by foreign carriers from U.S. residents and by U.S. carriers from 

foreign residents, respectively. Data are obtained from an airline consulting service and report on tickets 

sold by travel agencies, travel websites, and directly by the airlines. Taxes and fees are included in both 

the import and export air passenger fares indexes. Import air passenger fares data have used the airline 

consulting service source since September 2008. Before April 2018, the export air passenger fares data 

were collected directly by BLS from U.S. airlines. The air freight indexes are calculated from data 

collected directly from airlines. These data exclude mail and passenger baggage. The scope of the 

service being priced is the movement of freight from airport to airport only, and does not include any 

ground transportation or port service. The air freight indexes are presented using two definitions: 

balance of payments (which represents transactions between U.S. and foreign residents) and 

international (which represents transactions inbound to and outbound from the United States.) Fact 

sheets specifying detailed information for each services industry are available at www.bls.gov/mxp 

under "MXP Publications." 
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Import Price Indexes by Locality of Origin - Prices used in these indexes are a subset of the data 

collected for the import price indexes. The indexes are specific to a country, region, or grouping and, 

beginning with January 2002, are based on the North American Industry Classification System (NAICS)

covering goods-producing industries. Nonmanufactured goods are defined as NAICS 11 and 21, and 

manufactured goods are defined as NAICS 31-33. 

Export Price Indexes by Locality of Destination - Prices used in these indexes are a subset of the data 

collected for the export price indexes. The indexes are specific to a country, region, or grouping and are 

based on the North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) covering goods-producing 

industries. Nonmanufactured goods are defined as NAICS 11 and 21, and manufactured goods are 

defined as NAICS 31-33. 

Terms of Trade Indexes - Terms of trade indexes measure the relative price of exports in terms of 

import prices for a specific country, region, or grouping. The indexes are calculated as one country, 

region, or grouping’s all-export goods price index divided by the corresponding all-import goods price 

index on a scale of 100. 

 

Relative Importance - A relative importance is a specific index’s price-updated value share (expressed 

as a percentage) of overall imports or exports at a specific point in time. Relative importance values are 

affected by the trade weights at the point indexes are reweighted and index changes relative to other 

indexes since the reweight point. If an index is rising in value relative to other indexes over time, the 

relative importance will increase as well. 

Revision Policy - To reflect the availability of late reports and corrections by respondents, monthly data 

may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication. After 3 months, no further data 

revisions take place. For example, data first published in the January release will be subject to revision 

in the releases for February, March, and April. 

Rounding Policy - Index values are rounded to the tenth decimal place after being calculated. All 

percent changes are then derived from the rounded index values and subsequently rounded to the tenth 

decimal place.

Uses of the Data - The primary use of the indexes is to deflate trade statistics, notably the foreign trade 

sector of the National Income and Product Accounts (NIPA) constructed by the Department of 

Commerce. Other published indexes are useful for general market analysis. For trade in international 

services, balance of payments indexes are used for deflating NIPA, while international indexes are more 

appropriate for market analysis. 

Additional Information - More detailed data are available on the Import/Export Price Indexes home 

page at www.bls.gov/mxp. For import and export price indexes data requests, send an email to 

mxpinfo@bls.gov. 

If you are deaf, hard of hearing, or have a speech disability, please dial 7-1-1 to access 

telecommunications relay services.