Technical information:   (202) 691-6392       USDL 05-111
http://www.bls.gov/mls/

                                              For release: 10:00 A.M. EST
Media contact:                 691-5902       Wednesday, January 26, 2005


          MASS LAYOFFS IN DECEMBER 2004 AND ANNUAL AVERAGES FOR 2004
   
   In December 2004, employers took 1,614 mass layoff actions, as measured by
new filings for unemployment insurance benefits during the month, according
to data from the U.S. Department of Labor's Bureau of Labor Statistics.
Each action involved at least 50 persons from a single establishment, and the
number of workers involved totaled 161,271.  (See table 1.)  The number of
events was the lowest for any December since 1999, and the number of initial
claims was the lowest for any December since 1995 when data became available.
   
   The layoff events in December bring the total for all of 2004 to 15,980
and the total number of initial claimants from such events to 1,607,158.  The
annual totals were lower than in 2003 (18,963 events and 1,888,926 initial
claims) and were the lowest annual totals for events since 2000 and for
initial claims since 1999.  Additional information on the annual data is
provided starting on page 3 of this release.

Industry Distribution
   
   The 10 industries reporting the highest number of mass-layoff initial
claims accounted for 57,388 initial claims in December, 36 percent of the
total.  (See table A.)  Highway, street, and bridge construction, with
14,348 initial claims, accounted for 9 percent of all initial claims in
December.  None of these industries reached December peaks in 2004.
   
   The manufacturing sector accounted for 27 percent of all mass layoff
events and 31 percent of all initial claims filed in December.  These were
the smallest shares for manufacturing in any December since the monthly
series began in 1995.  A year ago, in December 2003, manufacturing
comprised 34 percent of events and 40 percent of initial claims.  Within
manufacturing, the number of claimants was highest in transportation
equipment (12,547, mostly in travel trailer and camper manufacturing),
followed by food processing (6,309) and electrical equipment and appliance
manufacturing (3,741).  (See table 2.)
   
   Construction accounted for 21 percent of events and 17 percent of
initial claims filed in December, with layoffs mainly in highway, street,
and bridge construction.  Nine percent of all layoff events and initial
claims filed during the month were from accommodation and food services,
mostly among food service contractors.  Administrative and waste services
accounted for 10 percent of events and 8 percent of initial claims, largely
in temporary help services.  An additional 6 percent of events and 7 percent
of initial claims were from transportation and warehousing, mostly from
school and employee bus transportation.
   
   Government establishments accounted for 5 percent of events and 4 percent
of initial claims filed in December, mostly in educational services.
   
   Compared with December 2003, the largest decreases in initial claims
were reported in transportation equipment manufacturing (-8,514),
administrative and support services (-4,204), transit and ground passenger
transportation (-3,388), and textile mills (-3,050).  The largest over-the-
year increases in initial claims were reported in motion picture and sound
recording industries (+4,329).
                                
                                  - 2 -

Table A.  Industries with the largest mass-layoff initial claims in
December 2004p
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                          | Initial|      December peak
                 Industry                 | claims |--------------------------
                                          |        |   Year  | Initial claims
------------------------------------------|--------|---------|----------------
Highway, street, and bridge construction .| 14,348 |    2000 |     17,277
Food service contractors .................|  8,823 |    2003 |      9,229
School and employee bus transportation ...|  8,636 |    1996 |     13,146
Temporary help services ..................|  6,328 |    2001 |     14,929
Motion picture and video production ......|  6,235 |    1998 |     16,192
Payroll services .........................|  3,064 |    2000 |      6,268
Household refrigerator and home freezer   |        |         |
 mfg. ....................................|  2,850 |    2000 |      5,578
Professional employer organizations ......|  2,752 |    2000 |      4,032
Ready-mix concrete manufacturing .........|  2,191 |    2000 |      2,523
Hotels and motels, except casino hotels ..|  2,161 |    2000 |      2,664
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  p=preliminary.


Geographic Distribution

   Among the four census regions, the highest number of initial claims in
December due to mass layoffs was reported in the Midwest, 61,277.  (See
table 3.)  Transportation equipment manufacturing and heavy and civil
engineering construction accounted for 31 percent of all mass-layoff
initial claims in that region during the month.  The West region had the
second largest number of initial claims, 42,659, followed by the South,
with 29,948, and the Northeast, with 27,387.
   
   The number of initial claimants in mass layoffs fell over the year in
three of the four regions.  The largest decrease was in the Midwest (-26,529),
followed by the Northeast (-7,050) and the South (-2,519).  The West reported
an over-the-year increase in initial claims (+4,736).  Seven of the nine
geographic divisions had over-the-year decreases in the number of initial
claims associated with mass layoffs, with the largest decreases in the East
North Central (-22,204), and Middle Atlantic (-5,040) divisions.  The over-
the-year increases were in the Pacific (+6,466) and East South Central
(+2,485) divisions.
   
   Among the states, California recorded the highest number of initial
claims filed due to mass layoff events in December (32,279), mostly in
motion picture and sound recording industries and in administrative and
support services.  Michigan was next highest with 10,841 initial claims
reported, followed by Illinois (10,222), Pennsylvania (9,413) and Indiana
(9,331).  These five states accounted for 45 percent of all mass layoff
events and initial claims for unemployment insurance.  (See table 4.)
   
   Indiana reported the largest over-the-year decrease in the number of
initial claims (-5,999), followed by Ohio (-5,383), Illinois (-4,784),
and Wisconsin (-4,604).  The largest over-the-year increases occurred in
California (+6,326) and Kentucky (+4,479).
                                          
                                  - 3 - 

Table B.  Number of mass layoff events and initial claimants for
unemployment insurance, 1996-2004
-------------------------------------------------------------------
         Year         |  Layoff events |   Initial claimants for
                      |                |   unemployment insurance
----------------------|----------------|---------------------------
1996 .................|     14,111     |         1,437,628
1997 .................|     14,960     |         1,542,543
1998 .................|     15,904     |         1,771,069
1999 .................|     14,909     |         1,572,399
2000 .................|     15,738     |         1,835,592
2001 .................|     21,467     |         2,514,862
2002 .................|     20,277     |         2,245,051
2003 .................|     18,963     |         1,888,926
2004p ................|     15,980     |         1,607,158
-------------------------------------------------------------------
  p=preliminary.

       
Review of 2004

   During 2004, 15,980 mass layoff events occurred in the nation,
resulting in 1,607,158 initial claims filings for unemployment insurance.
In 2003, there were 18,963 such events and 1,888,926 initial claimants.
(See table B.)
     

   The 10 industries with the highest number of mass-layoff initial claims
accounted for 27 percent of the total in 2004.  (See table C.)  In 2003 they
comprised 25 percent of the total.

   Manufacturing accounted for 29 percent of all mass layoff events and
35 percent of initial claims filed during 2004.  These were the lowest
shares of events and initial claims in manufacturing for any year which
data are available.  In 2003, manufacturing accounted for 32 percent of
events and 39 percent of initial claims.  Within manufacturing, initial
claim filings in 2004 were most numerous in transportation equipment,
163,026, followed by food processing, 82,114, and fabricated metal
products, 30,672.  The largest over-the-year decrease in initial
claims in manufacturing occurred in machinery manufacturing (-31,963)
and computer and electronic products (-25,658).  The largest over-the-
year increase in initial claims occurred in printing and related support
activities (+558).
     
   The number of initial claims filed in 2004 due to mass layoffs was
higher in the West, 495,554, than in any other region.  Layoffs in
administrative and support services, motion picture and sound recording,
and agricultural and forestry support activities accounted for 33 percent
of the claims in the West.  The fewest number of mass-layoff initial claims
was reported in the Northeast region, 270,788.  For the third consecutive
year, the number of mass-layoff initial claims fell in each of the four
regions.  The largest decreases in initial claims were in the West (-99,383)
and South (-79,826).
     
   Among the 50 states and the District of Columbia, California recorded
the largest number of initial claims filed in mass layoff events in 2004
(394,114), 25 percent of the national total.  The states with the next
highest numbers of initial claims were Michigan (99,124), New York
(95,228), Pennsylvania (89,288), and Ohio (86,850).  Half of all events and
48 percent of all initial claims were from these five states.
     
   California reported the largest over-the-year decrease in initial
claims (-73,459), followed by Texas (-27,538), and Pennsylvania (-23,068).
The largest over-the-year increase occurred in Michigan (+32,258).

                                  - 4 -

Table C.  Industries with the largest mass-layoff initial claims in 2004p
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------          
                                        |       2004       |         2003
             Industry                   |------------------|-------------------
                                        | Initial |  Rank  |  Initial |  Rank
                                        | claims  |        |  claims  |
----------------------------------------|---------|--------|----------|--------
Temporary help services ................| 103,868 |    1   |  119,738 |    1
School and employee bus transportation .|  64,663 |    2   |   61,465 |    2
Motion picture and video production ....|  50,030 |    3   |   46,006 |    3
Food service contractors ...............|  42,920 |    4   |   37,446 |    5
Highway, street, and bridge construction|  36,853 |    5   |   38,635 |    4
Automobile manufacturing ...............|  35,520 |    6   |   36,152 |    6
Professional employer organizations ....|  31,434 |    7   |   32,031 |    8
Elementary and secondary schools .......|  27,648 |    8   |   35,494 |    7
Discount department stores .............|  22,540 |    9   |   24,301 |   11
Farm labor contractors and crew leaders |  22,394 |   10   |   28,967 |   10
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
  p=preliminary.

    
Note
   
   The monthly data series in this release cover mass layoffs of 50 or
more workers beginning in a given month, regardless of the duration of the
layoffs.  For private nonfarm establishments, information on the length of
the layoff is obtained later and issued in a quarterly release that reports
on mass layoffs lasting more than 30 days (referred to as "extended mass
layoffs").  The quarterly release provides more information on the industry
classification and location of the establishment and on the demographics of
the laid-off workers.  Because monthly figures include short-term layoffs
of 30 days or less, the sum of the figures for the 3 months in a quarter
will be higher than the quarterly figure for mass layoffs of more than 30
days.  (See table 1.)  See the Technical Note for more detailed
definitions.


                        ______________________________


   The report on Extended Mass Layoffs in the Fourth Quarter of 2004 is
scheduled to be released on Wednesday, February 16, 2005.  The report on
Mass Layoffs in January 2005 is scheduled to be released on Thursday,
February 24, 2005.

        
    -------------------------------------------------------------------
   |                Addition of Seasonally Adjusted Data               |
   |                                                                   |
   |    Beginning with the release of data for January 2005 on         |
   | February 24, 2005, the Bureau of Labor Statistics will publish    |
   | seasonally adjusted mass layoff data series as well as an         |
   | analysis of significant over-the-month changes in those series.   |
   | Seasonal adjustment accounts for the effects of events that       |
   | follow a more or less regular pattern each year, making it easier |
   | to observe the cyclical and other nonseasonal movements.          |
   | Initially, six mass layoff series will be seasonally adjusted--   |
   | the number of layoff events and the number of associated initial  |
   | claims for unemployment insurance for the U.S. total, the private |
   | nonfarm sector, and the manufacturing sector.  Historical data    |
   | for each of these series will be available from April 1995        |
   | forward.                                                          |
    -------------------------------------------------------------------
   
          
                                   - 5 -                                           

Technical Note
 
 
 
 The Mass Layoff Statistics (MLS) program is a federal-state program that
uses a standardized, automated approach to identifying, describing, and
tracking the effects of major job cutbacks, using data from each state's
unemployment insurance database.  Each month, states report on establish-
ments which have at least 50 initial claims filed against them during a 
consecutive 5-week period.  These establishments then are contacted by the 
state agency to determine whether these separations lasted 31 days or long-
er, and, if so, other information concerning the layoff is collected.  States 
report on layoffs lasting more than 1 month on a quarterly basis.
 
 A given month contains an aggregation of the weekly unemployment insurance 
claims filings for the Sunday through Saturday weeks in that month.  All 
weeks are included for the particular month, except if the first day of the 
month falls on Saturday.  In this case, the week is included in the prior 
month's tabulations.  This means that some months will contain 4 weeks and 
others 5 weeks, and the number of weeks in a given month may be different 
from year to year.  Therefore, analysis of over-the-month and over-the-year 
change should take this calendar effect into consideration.
 
 The MLS program resumed operations in April 1995 after it had been ter-
minated in November 1992 due to lack of funding.  Prior to April 1995,
monthly layoff statistics were not available.
 
 Information in this release will be made available to sensory impaired indi-
viduals upon request.  Voice phone: 202-691-5200;  TDD message referral phone 
number:  1-800-877-8339.
 
Definitions
 
 Initial claimant.  A person who files any notice of unemployment to initiate 
a request either for a determination of entitlement to and eligibility for 
compensation, or for a subsequent period of unemployment within a benefit 
year or period of eligibility.
 
 Mass layoff event.  Fifty or more initial claims for unemployment insurance 
benefits filed against an establishment during a 5-week period, regardless of 
duration.


 
 

Table 1. Mass layoff events and initial claimants for unemployment insurance, October 2002 to December 2004

                                                                                   Private nonfarm                               

                                 Total mass layoffs                             Extended mass layoffs           Realization
             Date                                       Mass layoffs          lasting more than 30 days          rates (1)   

                                          Initial               Initial                     Initial                    Initial  
                                Events   claimants    Events   claimants        Events     claimants        Events    claimants 
             2002           

October ....................     1,497     171,100     1,270     149,327
November ...................     2,153     240,171     1,860     216,237
December ...................     2,474     264,158     2,324     252,807

Fourth Quarter .............     6,124     675,429     5,454     618,371         1,916       370,592          35.1         59.9

             2003           

January ....................     2,315     225,430     2,130     210,918
February ...................     1,363     124,965     1,222     116,264
March ......................     1,207     113,026     1,099     104,468

First Quarter ..............     4,885     463,421     4,451     431,650         1,502       297,608          33.7         68.9

April ......................     1,581     161,412     1,470     152,937
May ........................     1,703     174,204     1,538     160,729
June .......................     1,691     157,552     1,336     127,743

Second Quarter .............     4,975     493,168     4,344     441,409         1,799       348,966          41.4         79.1

July .......................     2,087     226,435     1,815     206,901
August .....................     1,258     133,839     1,163     124,131
September ..................       868      82,647       756      73,914

Third Quarter ..............     4,213     442,921     3,734     404,946         1,190       227,909          31.9         56.3

October ....................     1,523     158,240     1,265     137,706
November ...................     1,438     138,543     1,234     123,524
December ...................     1,929     192,633     1,793     182,750

Fourth Quarter .............     4,890     489,416     4,292     443,980         1,690       326,328          39.4         73.5

             2004           

January ....................     2,428     239,454     2,226     220,687
February ...................       941      84,201       832      76,577
March ......................       920      92,554       847      87,782

First Quarter ..............     4,289     416,209     3,905     385,046         1,339       238,056          34.3         61.8

April ......................     1,458     157,314     1,316     142,657
May ........................       988      87,501       878      78,786
June .......................     1,379     134,588     1,077     110,804

Second Quarter .............     3,825     379,403     3,271     332,247         1,359       251,970          41.5         75.8

July .......................     2,094     253,929     1,860     234,877
August .....................       809      69,033       745      63,876
September ..................       708      68,972       637      63,102

Third Quarter ..............     3,611     391,934     3,242     361,855     (2)(p)780 (2)(p)101,456       (p)24.1      (p)28.0

October ....................     1,242     127,918     1,101     117,375
November(p) ................     1,399     130,423     1,201     115,549
December(p) ................     1,614     161,271     1,487     152,092

Fourth Quarter(p) ..........     4,255     419,612     3,789     385,016


    1 The event realization rate is the percentage of all private nonfarm mass layoff events lasting more than 30 days. The initial
claimant realization rate is the percentage of all private nonfarm mass layoff initial claimants associated with layoffs lasting
more than 30 days. 
    2 These quarterly numbers are provisional and will be revised as more data on these layoffs become available. Experience
suggests that the number of extended mass layoff events is generally revised upwards by less than 10 percent and the number of
initial claimants associated with such events increases by 25-40 percent. 
    p = preliminary. 


Table 2. Industry distribution: Mass layoff events and initial claimants for unemployment insurance
                                                 
                                                                                                    Initial claimants for          
                                                             Mass layoff events                     unemployment insurance         
                     Industry                    

                                                   December  October  November December    December    October   November   December
                                                     2003     2004     2004p     2004p       2003       2004      2004p      2004p 


      Total (1) .................................    1,929    1,242    1,399    1,614      192,633    127,918    130,423    161,271

Total, private ..................................    1,846    1,177    1,336    1,527      185,928    122,402    125,008    154,496

  Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting ....       53       76      135       40        3,178      5,027      9,459      2,404

  Total, private nonfarm ........................    1,793    1,101    1,201    1,487      182,750    117,375    115,549    152,092
  Mining ........................................       21        8        7       18        1,937        946        701      1,492
  Utilities .....................................        3    ( 2 )    ( 2 )        6          160      ( 2 )      ( 2 )      1,395
  Construction ..................................      335      126      231      342       25,684      9,512     17,884     27,433
  Manufacturing .................................      648      372      412      436       77,915     48,265     44,243     50,726
      Food ......................................       89       78       77       59        9,285      9,049      7,717      6,309
      Beverage and tobacco products .............        5       16        6        7          781      1,316        387        497
      Textile mills .............................       31       10       15       15        4,299      1,041      1,767      1,249
      Textile product mills .....................       14        8        7        8        2,102        732        638        932
      Apparel ...................................       32       18       20       16        3,232      1,338      2,154      2,720
      Leather and allied products ...............        7    ( 2 )    ( 2 )        4          842      ( 2 )      ( 2 )        757
      Wood products .............................       55       16       32       25        5,000      2,744      3,437      2,346
      Paper .....................................       12        9        7        7          934        580        530        575
      Printing and related support activities ...        7        8        9        3          627        548        610        331
      Petroleum and coal products ...............       10    ( 2 )    ( 2 )       11          863      ( 2 )      ( 2 )      1,126

      Chemicals .................................        9        6        7        8          735        380        525        669
      Plastics and rubber products ..............       40       18       17       30        3,579      1,451      1,385      2,327
      Nonmetallic mineral products ..............       49       10       24       32        4,079        779      2,126      3,168
      Primary metals ............................       33       15       18       23        3,421      2,312      1,616      2,246
      Fabricated metal products .................       39       18       28       34        4,045      1,855      2,548      2,546
      Machinery .................................       24       19       25       16        3,629      4,224      4,583      2,218
      Computer and electronic products ..........       19       18       27       19        1,408      1,416      2,534      2,039
      Electrical equipment and appliances .......       20       17       13       13        4,726      2,573      1,757      3,741
      Transportation equipment ..................      122       58       53       85       21,061     12,733      6,961     12,547
      Furniture and related products ............       14       13       16       13        1,607      1,637      1,548      1,096
      Miscellaneous manufacturing ...............       17       11        5        8        1,660      1,027        975      1,287

  Wholesale trade ...............................       27       11       24       18        2,443      1,412      2,196      1,853
  Retail trade ..................................       98       98       65       80        9,203      8,550      6,498      8,092
  Transportation and warehousing ................      131       34       32       96       15,528      2,608      2,900     10,687
  Information ...................................       40       36       45       30        3,839      7,597      5,492      8,002
  Finance and insurance .........................       27       33       22       18        1,764      2,914      1,442      1,455
  Real estate and rental and leasing ............        4       10    ( 2 )        4          562        697      ( 2 )        249
  Professional and technical services ...........       57       24       22       48        6,095      3,994      2,303      5,955
  Management of companies and enterprises .......        3    ( 2 )    ( 2 )        3          296      ( 2 )      ( 2 )        296
  Administrative and waste services .............      200      188      187      163       17,256     15,202     17,370     13,192
  Educational services ..........................        6    ( 2 )    ( 2 )        4          327      ( 2 )      ( 2 )        245
  Health care and social assistance .............       27       34       27       28        2,075      2,793      2,012      2,539
  Arts, entertainment, and recreation ...........       20       30       25       30        1,795      2,424      2,126      1,967
  Accommodation and food services ...............      131       82       81      146       14,701      9,152      8,995     14,923
  Other services, except public administration ..       12        6       10       13          955        482        647      1,342

  Unclassified ..................................        3        3        1        4          215        309         40        249

Government ......................................       83       65       63       87        6,705      5,516      5,415      6,775
  Federal .......................................       13       22       12        8        1,419      2,185      1,290        842
  State .........................................       10       19       25       16          830      1,648      2,342      1,472
  Local .........................................       60       24       26       63        4,456      1,683      1,783      4,461


    1 Data were reported by all states and the District of Columbia.
    2 Data do not meet BLS or state agency disclosure standards. 
    p = preliminary. 


Table 3. Mass layoff events and initial claimants for unemployment insurance by census region and division
                           
                                                                                      Initial claimants for            
                                          Mass layoff events                          unemployment insurance           
 Census region and division

                              December   October   November   December     December     October    November    December
                                2003      2004       2004p      2004p        2003        2004        2004p       2004p 

      United States (1) ...    1,929      1,242      1,399      1,614       192,633     127,918     130,423     161,271

Northeast .................      350        189        198        285        34,437      17,563      19,346      27,387

  New England .............       66         17         26         47         6,904       1,345       1,998       4,894
  Middle Atlantic .........      284        172        172        238        27,533      16,218      17,348      22,493

South .....................      335        323        255        288        32,467      30,246      24,573      29,948

  South Atlantic ..........      192        190        116        140        17,903      15,237      10,333      13,620
  East South Central ......       59         58         42         76         6,510       5,750       4,651       8,995
  West South Central ......       84         75         97         72         8,054       9,259       9,589       7,333

Midwest ...................      780        280        389        588        87,806      35,859      39,650      61,277

  East North Central ......      596        219        306        414        64,802      26,965      29,986      42,598
  West North Central ......      184         61         83        174        23,004       8,894       9,664      18,679

West ......................      464        450        557        453        37,923      44,250      46,854      42,659

  Mountain ................       63         43         59         60         7,025       3,610       6,470       5,295
  Pacific .................      401        407        498        393        30,898      40,640      40,384      37,364


    1 See footnote 1, table 2.
    p = preliminary.
    NOTE: The States (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the census divisions are: New England:
Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Rhode Island, and Vermont; Middle Atlantic: New Jersey, New York, and
Pennsylvania; South Atlantic: Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Maryland, North Carolina, South Carolina,
Virginia, and West Virginia; East South Central: Alabama, Kentucky, Mississippi, and Tennessee; West South Central:
Arkansas, Louisiana, Oklahoma, and Texas; East North Central: Illinois, Indiana, Michigan, Ohio, and Wisconsin; West North
Central: Iowa, Kansas, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, and South Dakota; Mountain: Arizona, Colorado, Idaho,
Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Utah, and Wyoming; and Pacific: Alaska, California, Hawaii, Oregon, and Washington. 


Table 4. State distribution: Mass layoff events and initial claimants for unemployment insurance
                         
                                                                                       Initial claimants for            
                                         Mass layoff events                            unemployment insurance           
           State         

                           December     October    November    December      December     October   November    December
                             2003        2004        2004p       2004p         2003        2004       2004p       2004p 

   Total (1) ............    1,929       1,242       1,399       1,614       192,633     127,918     130,423     161,271

Alabama .................       27          12           9          22         3,728       1,477         915       2,244
Alaska ..................        3           5           7       ( 2 )           213         423         686       ( 2 )
Arizona .................        8          11           3           5           551         868         255         358
Arkansas ................        6           3          11           3           656         642       1,477         218
California ..............      346         346         429         344        25,953      34,896      34,089      32,279
Colorado ................       11          10           7          13         1,107         829         533       1,347
Connecticut .............       13       ( 2 )       ( 2 )           5         1,166       ( 2 )       ( 2 )         510
Delaware ................    ( 2 )           -           -           -         ( 2 )           -           -           -
District of Columbia ....        4           -           -       ( 2 )           287           -           -       ( 2 )
Florida .................       63         143          43          44         4,826       9,737       3,107       3,567
Georgia .................       31          16          19          37         3,354       1,977       1,809       3,082
Hawaii ..................        6           4       ( 2 )           -           506         260       ( 2 )           -
Idaho ...................       12           3          16          10         1,647         281       1,888         736

Illinois ................      123          56          63          99        15,006       8,019       6,462      10,222
Indiana .................      108          24          40          68        15,330       2,235       5,129       9,331
Iowa ....................       46          12          14          36         5,305       1,645       1,159       3,442
Kansas ..................       29           5           6          16         3,518         398       1,090       1,864
Kentucky ................        9          27          19          38           995       2,792       2,160       5,474
Louisiana ...............       15          11          19          16           991         714       1,789       1,297
Maine ...................        5           3           4           7           424         207         328         570
Maryland ................       15           5           4           7         1,119         544         347         924
Massachusetts ...........       24           6          15          15         2,568         437       1,108       2,085
Michigan ................      135          40          63         115        12,275       3,768       5,032      10,841
Minnesota ...............       51          15          35          55         6,342       1,390       4,260       6,064
Mississippi .............        8          10           -       ( 2 )           450         615           -       ( 2 )
Missouri ................       45          21          23          41         6,180       4,723       2,773       5,231

Montana .................        7           5           7           6           918         545       1,023         474
Nebraska ................       10           7       ( 2 )          18         1,411         666       ( 2 )       1,375
Nevada ..................       20          10          19          17         2,351         755       2,219       1,630
New Hampshire ...........    ( 2 )           4           -           5         ( 2 )         292           -         423
New Jersey ..............       76          35          42          46         6,895       3,294       5,386       4,979
New Mexico ..............        3       ( 2 )           4           5           278       ( 2 )         384         319
New York ................       88          52          55          88         9,448       5,263       4,362       8,101
North Carolina ..........       23           5          24          16         1,857         417       2,294       1,187
North Dakota ............    ( 2 )       ( 2 )           3           6         ( 2 )       ( 2 )         238         526
Ohio ....................      117          54          49          67        10,693       8,193       4,219       5,310
Oklahoma ................       12           6           9          13         1,278       1,382         845       1,041
Oregon ..................       26          29          31          23         2,498       2,536       2,886       2,798
Pennsylvania ............      120          85          75         104        11,190       7,661       7,600       9,413

Rhode Island ............       12       ( 2 )           4           7         1,775       ( 2 )         372         628
South Carolina ..........       17          10          13          11         2,713         688       1,619       1,679
South Dakota ............    ( 2 )           -       ( 2 )       ( 2 )         ( 2 )           -       ( 2 )       ( 2 )
Tennessee ...............       15           9          14          15         1,337         866       1,576       1,219
Texas ...................       51          55          58          40         5,129       6,521       5,478       4,777
Utah ....................    ( 2 )           -       ( 2 )           4         ( 2 )           -       ( 2 )         431
Vermont .................       10       ( 2 )       ( 2 )           8           794       ( 2 )       ( 2 )         678
Virginia ................       34           9          10          21         3,372       1,555         976       2,836
Washington ..............       20          23          29          24         1,728       2,525       2,536       2,149
West Virginia ...........        3       ( 2 )           3           3           176       ( 2 )         181         276
Wisconsin ...............      113          45          91          65        11,498       4,750       9,144       6,894
Wyoming .................        -           3       ( 2 )           -             -         268       ( 2 )           -

Puerto Rico .............        6           8           6          10           486         693         562         706


    1 See footnote 1, table 2.
    2 Data do not meet BLS or state agency disclosure standards. 
    p = preliminary.
    NOTE: Dash represents zero.