National Compensation Survey:

Occupational Wages in the

United States, 1998

U.S. Department of Labor

Alexis M. Herman, Secretary

Bureau of Labor Statistics

Katharine G. Abraham, Commissioner

September 2000

Bulletin 2529
iii

The National Compensation Survey (NCS) provides

comprehensive measures of occupational earnings,

compensation cost trends, benefit incidence, and

detailed benefit provisions. It integrates three Bureau of

Labor Statistics (BLS) programs—the Occupational Compensation Survey, the Employment Cost Index, and the

Employee Benefits Survey. The Occupational Compensation Survey provided data on occupational earnings; the

Employment Cost Index measures changes in labor costs,

as well as average hourly employer costs for employee compensation; and the Employee Benefits Survey provides

information on benefit incidence and detailed benefit provisions. This bulletin, a product of the first phase of the

NCS, focuses on occupational earnings.

The NCS replaced the Occupational Compensation Survey. The major difference between these two surveys is that

the Occupational Compensation Survey used the same

preselected list of occupations for all localities in which

data are collected. The NCS uses a probability-based sample

of establishments and occupations that is intended to represent more fully the employment patterns and occupational

mix of each locality.

This bulletin presents aggregate pay data from the 1998

local area NCS. Data for more than one-half of the 154 individual NCS localities were published previously. This

bulletin provides estimates of occupational pay for the

Nation, as well as 9 census divisions, metropolitan and

nonmetropolitan areas, and the 10 largest metropolitan

areas.

For additional information regarding this survey, please

contact the information staff in the BLS National Office at

(202) 691-6199. You may also write to the Bureau of Labor

Preface

Statistics at: Division of Compensation Data Analysis and

Planning, 2 Massachusetts Avenue, NE, Room 4175, Washington, DC 20212-0001 or send E-mail to

OCLTINFO@bls.gov.

The BLS Office of Compensation and Working Conditions developed and produced this bulletin. The Directorate

of Survey Processing coordinated the data file formation

and tabulations. Field economists from the BLS regional

offices, under the direction of the Assistant Regional Commissioners for Operations, collected the survey data. BLS

thanks all survey respondents for their cooperation, without

which this bulletin would not have been possible.

The data contained in this bulletin also are available at

the BLS Internet site (https://www.bls.gov/ocs/#data).

Data are in three formats: an ASCII file containing the published table formats, an ASCII file containing positional columns of data for manipulation as a database or spreadsheet,

and a Portable Document Format (PDF) containing the entire bulletin.

 Supplemental tables that are not included in this bulletin also are available at the BLS Internet site. These tables

provide distributions of hourly earnings at the 10th, 25th,

50th (median), 75th, and 90th percentile positions for

selected occupations. Earnings data are available for all

workers, private industry, and State and local government.

Further detail for full- and part-time workers is also

provided.

Material in this bulletin is in the public domain and, with

appropriate credit, may be reproduced without permission.

This information will be made available to sensory impaired

individuals upon request. Voice phone: (202) 691-5200;

Federal Relay Service: 1-800-326-2577.
vii

Page

Overview

Chapter 1. United States, private industry, State and local government ............................................................. 1

Tables:

1-1. Summary, United States: Mean hourly earnings and weekly hours by selected

characteristics, private industry and State and local government................................................... 2

1-2. State and local government: Mean hourly earnings and weekly hours by selected

characteristics................................................................................................................................... 3

Chapter 2. Worker characteristics ........................................................................................................................ 4

Tables:

2-1. United States, selected occupations: Mean hourly earnings and weekly hours for fulltime and part-time workers .............................................................................................................. 7

2-2. Private industry, selected occupations: Mean hourly earnings and weekly hours for fulltime and part-time workers .............................................................................................................. 17

2-3. State and local government, selected occupations: Mean hourly earnings and weekly

hours for full-time and part-time workers ....................................................................................... 26

2-4. Selected occupations and levels: Mean hourly earnings and weekly hours, private

 industry and State and local government ....................................................................................... 32

2-5. Collective bargaining status: Mean hourly earnings by occupational group................................... 86

2-6. Time and incentive pay: Mean hourly earnings and weekly hours by occupational

group in private industry .................................................................................................................. 87

Chapter 3. Establishment characteristics ............................................................................................................. 88

3-1. Goods-producing and service-producing industries: Mean hourly earnings

and weekly hours by occupational group in private industry ......................................................... 89

3-2. Major industry division: Mean hourly earnings and weekly hours by occupational

group in private industry .................................................................................................................. 90

3-3. United States, establishment employment size: Mean hourly earnings by occupational

group ................................................................................................................................................ 93

3-4. Private industry, establishment employment size: Mean hourly earnings by

occupational group........................................................................................................................... 94

3-5. State and local government, establishment employment size: Mean hourly earnings

by occupational group ..................................................................................................................... 95

Chapter 4. Geographic areas ................................................................................................................................ 96

4-1. Summary metropolitan and nonmetropolitan areas: Mean hourly earnings and

weekly hours by selected characteristics ........................................................................................ 97

4-2. United States: Mean hourly earnings and weekly hours by metropolitan and

nonmetropolitan areas for selected occupations ............................................................................. 98

4-3. Largest 10 metropolitan areas ranked by employment size: Mean hourly earnings by

occupational group........................................................................................................................... 107

4-4. Pay relatives for major occupational groups in metropolitan areas .................................................. 108

4-5. Summary, United States and nine census divisions: Mean hourly earnings and

weekly hours by selected characteristics ........................................................................................ 110

Contents
viii

4-6. New England census division: Mean hourly earnings and weekly hours by

metropolitan and nonmetropolitan areas for selected occupations .............................................. 114

4-7. Middle Atlantic census division: Mean hourly earnings and weekly hours by

metropolitan and nonmetropolitan areas for selected occupations .............................................. 119

4-8. East North Central census division: Mean hourly earnings and weekly hours by

metropolitan and nonmetropolitan areas for selected occupations .............................................. 126

4-9. West North Central census division: Mean hourly earnings and weekly hours by

metropolitan and nonmetropolitan areas for selected occupations .............................................. 133

4-10. South Atlantic census division: Mean hourly earnings and weekly hours by

metropolitan and nonmetropolitan areas for selected occupations .............................................. 139

4-11. East South Central census division: Mean hourly earnings and weekly hours by

metropolitan and nonmetropolitan areas for selected occupations .............................................. 146

4-12. West South Central census division: Mean hourly earnings and weekly hours

by metropolitan and nonmetropolitan areas for selected occupations ......................................... 151

4-13. Mountain census division: Mean hourly earnings and weekly hours by

metropolitan and nonmetropolitan areas for selected occupations .............................................. 158

4-14. Pacific census division: Mean hourly earnings and weekly hours by metropolitan

and nonmetropolitan areas for selected occupations .................................................................... 163

Appendixes

A. Technical Note ............................................................................................................................................ 170

B. Occupational Classifications ...................................................................................................................... 176

C. Generic Leveling Criteria ........................................................................................................................... 184

D. Evaluating Your Firm’s Jobs ....................................................................................................................... 190

E. Census Divisions and Survey Areas ........................................................................................................... 192

Appendix tables:

A. Number of establishments represented by the survey and number studied by

industry group and establishment employment size, United States ...................................................... 174

B. Number of workers represented by the survey, by occupational group, United States ............................ 175

Contents—Continued

Page
Overview

This is the second annual issue of the National Compensation Survey (NCS) bulletin. It provides straighttime hourly occupational earnings data for all private industry and State and local government workers in the

United States1 in 1998. The NCS is designed to provide

comprehensive measures of occupational earnings, compensation cost trends, benefit incidence, and detailed benefit

provisions; occupational average hourly earnings data are

the focus for this publication.

Occupations surveyed for this bulletin were selected from

a list of occupations provided by each establishment, using

probability techniques. This bulletin includes data on broad

occupational classifications such as white- and blue-collar

1 See Appendix A for details on the industrial scope of the survey.

workers, major occupational groups such as sales occupations and professional specialty and technical occupations,

and individual occupations such as cashiers and teachers.

The classification of company jobs into the NCS classification system required detailed procedures that are described

in Appendix A.

Discussion of the earnings data presented in this bulletin

has been divided into four chapters:

• Chapter 1—United States, private industry, State and

local government

• Chapter 2—Worker characteristics

• Chapter 3—Establishment characteristics

• Chapter 4—Geographic areas
1

Chapter 1.

United States, private industry,

State and local government

Table 1-1 provides an overview of straight-time hourly

wages and salaries paid to employees working in the

United States. Data are presented by sector of the

economy, private industry versus State and local government. Table 1-2 concentrates on State and local government

earnings. These tables are divided into three sections: worker

characteristics, establishment characteristics, and geographic

areas. Chapters 2 through 4 provide more detailed information about each of these sections.

In 1998, workers in the United States earned an average

of $15.72 per hour. White-collar occupations earned an

average of $19.39 per hour, blue-collar occupations earned

$12.90, and service occupations earned $9.52. Earnings in

private industry (averaging $14.95 per hour) were lower than

in State and local governments (averaging $18.59 per hour).

This difference can be explained by differences in the occupation and industry composition of the two sectors. Whitecollar and service occupations are more prevalent in State

and local government than in private industry. Service occupations in State and local government are unique in that

they are primarily made up of police and firefighters. With

the exception of the construction industry, few government

workers are in goods-producing industries.

When occupational earnings are compared by sector of

the economy, the difference is greatest for employees in service occupations, who earned $13.84 an hour in State and

local government and $7.85 in the private sector. Although

white-collar workers in State and local government earned

more, on average, than did their counterparts in the private

sector ($20.96 and $18.83, respectively), only one group of

occupations within this broad occupational category showed

higher average earnings in State and local government than

in private industry: workers in professional specialty and

technical occupations earned $24.85 an hour in State and

local government, while their private industry counterparts

earned $23.63. This difference can be explained, at least in

part, by the influence of teachers, the majority of whom are

State and local government employees with a tendency to

have higher hourly earnings than their private sector counterparts.

Employees in executive, administrative, and managerial

occupations and in sales occupations earned more in the

private sector than in State and local government. The greatest difference between the two sectors was observed for

workers in executive, administrative, and managerial occupations, who averaged $28.63 an hour in private industry,

compared with $24.99 in State and local government. Earnings of workers in administrative support occupations were

virtually the same: $12.00 in the private sector, and $12.01

in State and local government.

Pay in State and local government also was higher, on

average, for blue-collar workers, who earned $14.44 an hour,

compared with $12.77 for their counterparts in private industry. Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors and

handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers earned

more in State and local government than in private industry.
Table 1-1. Summary, United States: Mean hourly earnings1 and weekly hours by selected characteristics, private industry

and State and local government, National Compensation Survey,2 1998

Worker and establishment characteristics

and geographic areas

Total Private industry State and local government

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

Mean hours

Relative

error3

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error3

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error3

(percent)

Total ........................................................... $15.72 0.5 36.5 $14.95 0.6 36.5 $18.59 0.6 36.6

Worker characteristics:4

White-collar occupations5 ....................... 19.39 .5 36.7 18.83 .7 36.8 20.96 .5 36.4

Professional specialty and technical ... 24.10 .6 36.4 23.63 .8 36.7 24.85 .6 35.9

Executive, administrative, and 

managerial ........................................ 27.78 .7 40.0 28.63 .9 40.5 24.99 1.1 38.6

Sales ................................................... 13.28 3.6 33.0 13.29 3.6 33.0 12.10 4.8 32.2

Administrative support ........................ 12.00 .5 37.0 12.00 .6 37.3 12.01 .7 36.3

Blue-collar occupations5 ......................... 12.90 .6 38.5 12.77 .7 38.6 14.44 1.1 37.5

Precision production, craft, and repair 16.58 1.0 39.8 16.60 1.1 39.8 16.39 1.5 39.8

Machine operators, assemblers, and

inspectors ......................................... 11.59 .9 39.6 11.58 .9 39.6 13.50 6.6 38.3

Transportation and material moving ... 13.72 1.1 37.9 13.77 1.2 38.9 13.52 1.7 33.8

Handlers, equipment cleaners,

helpers, and laborers ........................ 9.69 .7 35.9 9.52 .7 35.7 11.84 2.0 38.4

Service occupations5 .............................. 9.52 .7 33.0 7.85 .6 31.8 13.84 1.3 36.7

Full time .................................................. 16.40 .5 39.6 15.69 .6 39.8 18.97 .7 38.9

Part time ................................................. 9.25 1.0 21.1 8.66 1.0 21.4 12.94 2.2 19.3

Union ...................................................... 17.76 .9 36.9 15.81 1.3 37.0 20.44 .7 36.7

Nonunion ................................................ 15.10 .6 36.4 14.77 .7 36.4 17.01 .9 36.4

Time ........................................................ 15.66 .5 36.4 14.84 .6 36.4 18.59 .6 36.6

Incentive ................................................. 17.14 2.7 38.6 17.14 2.7 38.6 – – –

Establishment characteristics:

Goods producing .................................... 6 ( ) 6 ( ) 6 ( ) 16.00 .8 39.8 6 ( ) 6 ( ) 6 ( )

Service producing ................................... 6 ( ) 6 ( ) 6 ( ) 14.40 .7 35.0 6 ( ) 6 ( ) 6 ( )

50-99 workers7 ....................................... 13.04 1.1 35.2 12.96 1.2 35.1 14.40 3.6 36.0

100-499 workers ..................................... 14.21 .7 36.3 13.82 .8 36.4 17.59 1.3 35.6

500-999 workers ..................................... 16.45 1.4 37.3 15.82 1.6 37.7 18.83 1.7 35.7

1,000-2,499 workers ............................... 16.51 7.3 36.8 15.81 9.3 37.1 18.65 2.0 35.9

2,500 workers or more ............................ 20.07 .6 37.3 21.05 1.1 37.0 19.27 .7 37.5

Geographic areas:8

Metropolitan ............................................ 16.40 .6 36.4 15.67 .7 36.3 19.23 .6 36.6

Nonmetropolitan ..................................... 12.31 1.2 37.1 11.16 1.3 37.2 15.90 1.8 36.6

New England .......................................... 17.38 1.4 35.1 16.50 1.7 35.0 21.35 1.3 35.5

Middle Atlantic ........................................ 18.10 1.5 35.8 17.14 1.8 35.8 21.72 1.6 35.5

East North Central .................................. 16.08 .8 36.2 15.44 .9 36.3 19.32 1.5 35.7

West North Central ................................. 14.85 1.6 36.5 14.05 1.9 36.3 17.87 1.2 37.0

South Atlantic ......................................... 14.40 1.0 37.1 13.82 1.1 36.9 16.22 1.4 38.0

East South Central ................................. 11.87 2.3 37.7 11.21 2.6 37.9 15.93 2.2 36.8

West South Central ................................ 14.62 1.8 37.2 14.27 2.3 36.9 15.63 1.2 38.0

Mountain ................................................. 14.58 2.7 36.4 13.30 2.9 36.4 18.32 2.9 36.4

Pacific ..................................................... 17.86 1.3 36.2 16.82 1.7 36.4 21.26 1.0 35.5

1 Earnings are the straight-time hourly wages or salaries paid to employees.

They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard pay. Excluded

are premium pay for overtime, vacations, and holidays; nonproduction bonuses;

and tips. The mean is computed by totaling the pay of all workers and dividing by

the number of workers, weighted by hours. 2 This survey covers all 50 States. Collection was conducted between July

1997 and April 1999. The average reference period was August 1998. 3 The relative standard error (RSE) is the standard error expressed as a

percent of the estimate. It can be used to calculate a "confidence interval" around a

sample estimate. For more information about RSEs, see appendix A. 4 Employees are classified as working either a full-time or a part-time schedule

based on the definition used by each establishment. Union workers are those

whose wages are determined through collective bargaining. Wages of time workers

are based solely on hourly rate or salary; incentive workers are those whose wages

are at least partially based on productivity payments such as piece rates,

commissions, and production bonuses. 5 A classification system including about 480 individual occupations is used to

cover all workers in the civilian economy. See appendix B for more information. 6 Classification of establishments into goods-producing and service-producing

industries applies to private industry only. 7 Establishments classified with 50-99 workers may contain establishments

with fewer than 50 due to staff reductions between survey sampling and collection. 8 Data are presented for metropolitan and nonmetropolitan area divisions as

well as 9 census area divisions. See appendix E for a list of survey areas and

States comprising the 9 census area divisions.

NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or that data did not meet

publication criteria. 

2
Table 1-2. State and local government: Mean hourly earnings,1 and weekly hours by selected characteristics, National

Compensation Survey,2 1998

Worker and establishment characteristics and

geographic areas

State and local government State government Local government

Hourly earnings

Weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Weekly

hours Mean

Relative

error3

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error3

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error3

(percent)

Total ..................................................................... $18.59 0.6 36.6 $17.89 1.2 38.7 $18.87 0.6 35.8

Worker characteristics:4

White-collar occupations5 ................................. 20.96 .5 36.4 19.65 .9 38.5 21.54 .6 35.5

Professional specialty and technical ............. 24.85 .6 35.9 22.85 1.0 38.2 25.61 .7 35.0

Executive, administrative, and 

managerial .................................................. 24.99 1.1 38.6 23.43 1.5 39.4 26.13 1.6 38.0

Sales ............................................................. 12.10 4.8 32.2 13.29 4.1 34.5 11.34 8.0 30.9

Administrative support .................................. 12.01 .7 36.3 12.22 .9 38.6 11.91 .9 35.4

Blue-collar occupations5 ................................... 14.44 1.1 37.5 13.69 1.6 39.0 14.63 1.3 37.1

Precision production, craft, and repair .......... 16.39 1.5 39.8 14.52 2.1 39.8 17.19 1.6 39.7

Machine operators, assemblers, and

inspectors ................................................... 13.50 6.6 38.3 11.59 8.5 38.4 14.06 7.8 38.3

Transportation and material moving ............. 13.52 1.7 33.8 14.27 3.0 39.1 13.44 1.8 33.4

Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and

laborers ....................................................... 11.84 2.0 38.4 10.60 3.4 36.5 12.10 2.3 38.8

Service occupations5 ........................................ 13.84 1.3 36.7 13.53 2.3 39.0 13.95 1.5 35.9

Full time ............................................................ 18.97 .7 38.9 17.90 1.2 39.7 19.42 .7 38.5

Part time ........................................................... 12.94 2.2 19.3 17.58 3.4 19.9 12.28 2.7 19.3

Union ................................................................ 20.44 .7 36.7 17.97 1.3 38.5 21.29 .8 36.1

Nonunion .......................................................... 17.01 .9 36.4 17.84 1.8 38.8 16.63 .9 35.4

Establishment characteristics:

50-99 workers6 ................................................. 14.40 3.6 36.0 13.30 5.3 38.3 14.57 3.8 35.6

100-499 workers ............................................... 17.59 1.3 35.6 15.71 3.5 37.5 17.81 1.3 35.4

500-999 workers ............................................... 18.83 1.7 35.7 16.14 3.1 38.3 19.37 1.7 35.3

1,000-2,499 workers ......................................... 18.65 2.0 35.9 16.11 5.0 38.5 19.40 1.8 35.1

2,500 workers or more ...................................... 19.27 .7 37.5 18.76 1.0 38.9 19.64 .9 36.5

Geographic areas:7

Metropolitan ...................................................... 19.23 .6 36.6 18.38 .9 38.7 19.57 .6 35.8

Nonmetropolitan ............................................... 15.90 1.8 36.6 15.78 4.1 38.8 15.95 1.5 35.8

New England .................................................... 21.35 1.3 35.5 20.78 1.8 37.0 21.71 1.7 34.7

Middle Atlantic .................................................. 21.72 1.6 35.5 20.39 3.0 38.9 22.14 1.7 34.6

East North Central ............................................ 19.32 1.5 35.7 18.43 2.1 38.6 19.60 1.8 34.9

West North Central ........................................... 17.87 1.2 37.0 17.78 2.5 39.1 17.93 1.2 35.6

South Atlantic ................................................... 16.22 1.4 38.0 15.69 3.0 39.9 16.49 1.0 37.0

East South Central ........................................... 15.93 2.2 36.8 15.71 3.3 38.1 15.99 2.6 36.4

West South Central .......................................... 15.63 1.2 38.0 15.39 2.6 38.5 15.72 1.1 37.8

Mountain ........................................................... 18.32 2.9 36.4 20.52 5.1 38.6 17.48 2.4 35.7

Pacific ............................................................... 21.26 1.0 35.5 19.72 1.9 37.2 21.80 1.2 34.9

1 Earnings are the straight-time hourly wages or salaries paid to employees. They

include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard pay. Excluded are

premium pay for overtime, vacations, and holidays; nonproduction bonuses; and tips. 

The mean is computed by totaling the pay of all workers and dividing by the number of

workers, weighted by hours. 2 This survey covers all 50 States. Collection was conducted between July 1997

and April 1999. The average reference period was August 1998. 3 The relative standard error (RSE) is the standard error expressed as a percent of

the estimate. It can be used to calculate a "confidence interval" around a sample

estimate. For more information about RSEs, see appendix A.

4 Employees are classified as working either a full-time or a part-time schedule

based on the definition used by each establishment. Union workers are those whose

wages are determined through collective bargaining. 5 A classification system including about 480 individual occupations is used to

cover all workers in the civilian economy. See appendix B for more information. 6 Establishments classified with 50-99 workers may contain establishments with

fewer than 50 due to staff reductions between survey sampling and collection. 7 Data are presented for metropolitan and nonmetropolitan area divisions as well

as 9 census area divisions. See appendix E for a list of survey areas and States

comprising the 9 census area divisions.

3
4

Chapter 2.

Worker characteristics

Chapter 2 presents earnings data for occupational

groups and for selected occupations. Tables 2-1, 2-

2, and 2-3 compare full- and part-time earnings for

the Nation, as well as for private industry and State and

local government. Table 2-4 shows pay by level of work for

selected occupations.2 This chapter also provides data by

bargaining status (union versus nonunion) and time versus

incentive pay status.

The NCS classifies workers into one of 480 occupations

based on duties and responsibilities. These occupations are

aggregated first into 11 major occupational groups (MOG’s),

and then into three broad occupational categories: whitecollar occupations, blue-collar occupations, and service

occupations. Only nine MOG’s are used in the NCS.3

White-collar occupations are classified into the following

MOG’s:

• Professional specialty and technical occupations

• Executive, administrative, and managerial occupations

• Sales occupations

• Administrative support occupations, including clerical

Blue-collar occupations are classified into the following

MOG’s:

• Precision production, craft, and repair occupations

• Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors

• Transportation and material moving occupations

• Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers

Service occupations are grouped into one MOG: Service

occupations, except private household. However, the following occupational groups are included:

• Protective service occupations

• Food service occupations

• Health service occupations

• Cleaning and building service occupations

• Personal service occupations

Earnings by occupational group and detailed

occupation

White-collar pay, which averaged $19.39, was higher than

pay for the other broad occupational groups, regardless of

sector of the economy; pay for white-collar excluding sales4

occupations was even higher, $20.27. At $12.90, blue-collar workers’ earnings were, on average, more than $6 an

hour below white-collar pay. Employees in service occupations received the lowest pay, $9.52 an hour.

White-collar pay. Pay varied considerably within the whitecollar category; earnings averaged the most for executive,

administrative, and managerial occupations ($27.78 an hour)

and the least for administrative support occupations ($12.00

an hour).

Within the executive, administrative, and managerial category, executives, administrators, and managers had the highest average pay, $31.73 an hour. Some of the most highly

compensated occupations included chief executives and

general administrators, public administration ($60.36 an

hour), and managers, marketing, advertising, and public

relations ($35.26 an hour). Average hourly earnings ranging from $25 to $34 were not uncommon for executives,

administrators, and managers.

While employees in executive, administrative, and managerial occupations averaged the highest per-hour earnings,

some of the highest paid individual occupations were found

in the professional specialty and technical group. For

example, airplane pilots and navigators had the highest earnings of all occupations ($79.22, on average, per hour); agriculture and forestry teachers had earnings exceeding $40

per hour. Hourly earnings of law teachers averaged $58.19.

Substitute teachers’ earnings, however, averaged $10 an hour,

among the lowest within the white-collar group.

The average earnings for employees in professional specialty and technical occupations were $24.10 an hour. Professional specialty occupations had the second highest

earnings, $25.90 an hour, on average. Earnings in technical

occupations averaged $17.83 an hour. They ranged from

$12.17 an hour for health record technologists and technicians to $79.22 an hour for airline pilots and navigators, the

largest spread for any occupational group.

Employees in sales occupations earned $13.28, on average; their earnings ranged from $7.78 per hour for news

vendors to $37.13 for employees in securities and financial

services sales. Workers in such occupations as sales counter 2 See Appendixes A, C, and D for more information on techniques used to

derive the level of work.

3 Excluded in the NCS are MOG’s I and J, which include agricultural occupations and the Federal Government workforce.

4

 A separate category was created for white-collar occupations excluding

sales because of the volatility of incentive earnings in sales occupations.
5

clerks, cashiers, and apparel sales had average earnings of

around $8 ($8.15, $7.80, and $8.28, respectively). On the

opposite end of the spectrum, employees in real estate sales

had earnings of $35.63 per hour, and sales engineers earned

$27.46.

Administrative support and clerical occupations showed

the lowest average hourly earnings of all white-collar occupations, $12.00. On the lower end of this major occupational group, hotel clerks earned an average of $8.58 an

hour. Several other occupations, including bank tellers, messengers, and file clerks, had earnings below or slightly above

$9 an hour. Earnings in many of the remaining occupations

tended to fall between $10 and $13.

Blue-collar pay. Blue-collar workers averaged $12.90 an

hour; the differences in pay between occupational groups

that make up the blue-collar category tended to be smaller

than those between white-collar occupations. Precision production, craft, and repair occupations had the highest average earnings, $16.58 an hour, while handlers, equipment

cleaners, helpers, and laborers, had the lowest, $9.69.

Earnings of workers in precision production, craft, and

repair occupations ranged from $8.98 for precious stones

and metal workers to $24.12 for carpet installers. A few

supervisory occupations within this group had earnings in

excess of $20 per hour; in addition, a few nonsupervisory

occupations earned above $21 per hour—for example, aircraft engine mechanics ($21.79) and power plant operators

($22.02).

Earnings of machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors averaged $11.59 an hour, ranging from $7.44 an hour

for laundering and drying machine operators to $15.83 an

hour for separating, filtering, and clarifying machine operators. Earnings below $10 an hour were not uncommon in

this occupational group, although the majority of occupations had hourly earnings of between $10 and $13.

Pay of transportation and material moving occupations,

which averaged $13.72, showed considerable variation, from

$27.74 an hour for locomotive operating occupations to

$7.04 for parking lot attendants. In addition to this latter

occupation, only a few other occupations, such as motor

transportation, not elsewhere classified, and taxicab drivers

and chauffeurs had average earnings of less than $10 an

hour.

Hourly earnings of handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers averaged $9.69, ranging from $7.31 per

hour, on average, for nursery workers to $18.83 for stevedores. Earnings below $10 an hour were not uncommon in

this major occupational group.

Pay for service occupations. Those employed in service

occupations tended to have lower average hourly earnings

than did white-collar and blue-collar workers; earnings for

workers in service occupations averaged $9.52 an hour. With

the exception of protective service occupations, with

earnings averaging $14.36 an hour, all other occupational

groups had earnings below $10. Food service occupations

had average hourly earnings of $6.76 an hour; health service

occupations showed earnings of $8.77 an hour. The only

two occupations with earnings exceeding $20 an hour were

supervisors, police and detectives ($24.14 an hour) and

public transportation attendants ($25.24 an hour). Workers

in these two occupations are employed almost exclusively

in State and local government.

Pay by full- and part-time status

Earnings were higher for full-time than for part-time workers, averaging $16.40 per hour versus $9.25. NCS classifies

workers as full-time or part-time based on the employer’s

classification of the occupation. The difference in earnings

between full-time and part-time workers was the greatest

among white-collar workers, in particular in the executive,

administrative, and managerial category, where earnings of

full-time employees averaged $27.83 per hour, while those

of their part-time counterparts averaged $20.62.

There was a significant difference in pay of full- and parttime employees in blue-collar occupations, $13.17 versus

$8.00. A significant difference also was observed among

precision production, craft, and repair occupations, in which

full-time private industry employees averaged $16.61 an

hour, and part-time employees averaged $11.84. For service occupations, the difference was greater in State and

local government, where full-time workers averaged $14.33

an hour and their part-time counterparts averaged $8.65.

The difference for service employees in private industry was

smaller, with full-time workers averaging $8.37 an hour,

while their counterparts employed on a part-time basis

averaged $6.34. Full-time employees in protective occupations in State and local government had the highest average

hourly earnings ($17.48) among the five categories of service occupations, while part-time protective service employees in State and local government averaged $9.53.

Pay by work level

A factor evaluation is conducted on all occupations selected

during the collection process to determine the work level;

this evaluation involves the analysis of 10 leveling factors.

This “generic leveling” process ranks and compares all of

the occupations that are randomly selected in an establishment, using the same criteria throughout. When an occupation is leveled, it is slotted into 1 of the 15 work levels that

follow the Federal Government’s white-collar General

Schedule. (For a broader discussion on generic leveling, see

Appendixes A, C, and D).

Within the overall white-collar occupational group, earnings data are presented for all 15 work levels, with average

hourly earnings ranging from $6.85 for level 1 workers to

$64.13 for level 15. Lower level file clerks, general clerks,

and messengers are the types of occupations that would fit

into work level 1, whereas work level 15 includes such

occupations as high level professional engineers and lawyers.

Employees who have received a bachelor’s degree but
6

have little professional experience usually fill entry-level

positions (level 5) within professional occupations. Fully

qualified professional employees—those who can perform

complex tasks with few guidelines and minimal supervision—normally are classified at level 11. Table 2-4 shows,

for example, that entry-level (level 5) engineers, architects,

and surveyors averaged $18.16 an hour in 1998, while their

“expert” (level 15) counterparts averaged $47.43.

Blue-collar occupation work levels also are determined

using the generic leveling technique. Bus, truck, and stationary engine mechanics performing at the journey level

(level 7) averaged $17.55 per hour. Semiskilled workers who

operate and control machines commonly filled jobs at

levels 3, 4, and 5. Within the transportation and material

moving group, truck drivers often were found to operate at

work level 4 or 5; their average hourly earnings were $14.14

and $15.45 at levels 4 and 5, respectively. Many of the employees in the handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and

laborers category were primarily unskilled workers requiring little or no previous experience. They were concentrated

in the three lowest work levels, where average earnings

ranged from $7.76 (level 1) to $10.92 (level 3).

Although each of the categories for service workers had

eight or more work levels, most of the workers, protective

service workers excepted, were concentrated in work levels

1 through 4. Overall average hourly earnings for protective

service workers ($14.36) were roughly equal to the average

for work level 6. Work level 3 average hourly earnings for

employees in food service, health service, and personal service occupations were $6.71, $8.43, and $8.08, respectively.

The overall occupational average earnings (as distinct from

work level averages) were $6.76, $8.77, and $9.27 for workers in these three job groups. Work level 2 average hourly

earnings for cleaning and building service workers were

$8.62; this compared with $9.03 for all cleaning and building service workers.

Pay by bargaining status

Union workers’ wages averaged $17.76 an hour, compared

with $15.10 for nonunion workers, as shown in table 2-5.

The difference was greater in State and local government,

where union wages averaged $20.44 and nonunion wages

averaged $17.01, than in private industry, where they averaged $15.81 and $14.77, respectively. Among all workers,

the difference was the greatest for service occupations,

in which union workers earned $14.02 per hour and their

nonunion counterparts earned $8.14. The difference for bluecollar occupations was $4.42, with union wages averaging

$15.81, and nonunion wages averaging $11.39. Whitecollar occupations showed a smaller difference; union wages

averaged $21.85, whereas nonunion wages averaged $18.91.

In fact, in the white-collar category, two major occupational groups showed higher wages for nonunion than for

union workers. Union wages in sales occupations were

$11.12, whereas nonunion wages were $13.48. Similarly,

for executive, administrative, and managerial occupations,

union wages averaged $23.58, while nonunion wages averaged $28.13.

Pay for time and incentive workers in private

industry

Incentive workers, whose wages are based at least partially

on productivity payments such as piece rates, commissions,

and production bonuses, earned an average of $17.14 per

hour. Time workers, whose wages are based solely on an

hourly rate or salary, averaged $14.84. Incentive workers in

white-collar occupations averaged $21.44, compared with

$18.70 for time-paid workers. The difference in average

hourly rates for incentive- and time-paid employees was

greatest in sales occupations; pay averaged $21.27 and

$11.07, respectively. Incentive- and time-paid employees

in administrative support, including clerical occupations,

on the other hand, had almost identical earnings—$12.10

and $12.00 an hour, respectively. Among blue-collar workers, incentive workers earned $13.25 an hour on average,

while time-paid workers earned $12.74. Time-paid workers

in service occupations earned $7.83 per hour, compared with

$9.37 for incentive workers.
Table 2-1. United States, selected occupations: Mean hourly earnings1 and weekly hours for full-time and part-time workers,2

National Compensation Survey,3 1998

Occupation4

Total Full time Part time

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

Mean hours

Relative

error5

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error5

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error5

(percent)

All .......................................................................................... $15.72 0.5 36.5 $16.40 0.5 39.6 $9.25 1.0 21.1

All excluding sales ......................................................... 15.89 .5 36.8 16.47 .5 39.6 9.67 1.1 21.0

White collar ...................................................................... 19.39 .5 36.7 20.09 .5 39.4 11.86 1.3 20.9

White collar excluding sales ...................................... 20.27 .5 37.3 20.65 .5 39.4 14.55 1.4 20.7

Professional specialty and technical ......................... 24.10 .6 36.4 24.43 .6 38.9 19.78 1.4 19.4

Professional specialty ................................................ 25.90 .5 36.3 26.20 .5 38.9 21.69 1.5 18.8

Engineers, architects, and surveyors ..................... 28.97 .7 40.3 28.97 .7 40.4 27.67 8.2 23.2

Architects ........................................................... 25.85 5.7 40.1 25.83 5.8 40.5 – – –

Aerospace engineers ......................................... 30.96 2.5 40.1 30.96 2.5 40.1 – – –

Metallurgical and materials engineers ............... 27.28 5.0 40.2 27.28 5.0 40.2 – – –

Mining engineers ............................................... 32.66 7.6 33.3 30.49 5.7 41.4 – – –

Petroleum engineers .......................................... 43.02 4.4 40.5 43.02 4.4 40.5 – – –

Chemical engineers ........................................... 33.37 2.2 40.0 33.37 2.2 40.0 – – –

Nuclear engineers .............................................. 34.60 2.1 40.6 34.60 2.1 40.6 – – –

Civil engineers ................................................... 27.69 2.3 40.1 27.69 2.3 40.2 – – –

Electrical and electronic engineers .................... 30.35 1.1 40.3 30.37 1.1 40.4 – – –

Industrial engineers ........................................... 25.26 2.4 40.6 25.26 2.4 40.6 – – –

Mechanical engineers ........................................ 26.26 1.2 40.2 26.28 1.3 40.4 – – –

Marine engineers and naval architects .............. 30.54 5.7 41.3 30.54 5.7 41.3 – – –

Engineers, n.e.c. ................................................ 30.11 1.2 40.3 30.10 1.2 40.4 32.46 5.6 24.2

Surveyors and mapping scientists ..................... 21.13 4.9 40.1 21.23 5.0 40.4 – – –

Mathematical and computer scientists ................... 27.95 1.5 40.0 27.86 1.5 40.1 42.33 28.9 28.8

Computer systems analysts and scientists ........ 27.89 1.3 40.1 27.90 1.3 40.1 25.37 7.6 25.7

Operations and systems researchers and

analysts ............................................................ 28.56 6.8 39.6 27.92 6.9 40.0 51.40 27.4 30.7

Actuaries ............................................................ 27.38 9.2 39.4 27.38 9.2 39.4 – – –

Statisticians ........................................................ 23.77 8.4 38.0 23.83 8.5 38.2 – – –

Mathematical scientists, n.e.c. ........................... 24.88 8.2 38.8 24.88 8.2 38.8 – – –

Natural scientists ................................................... 25.48 1.7 39.6 25.45 1.7 40.0 28.39 9.2 20.5

Physicists and astronomers ............................... 37.74 7.7 40.4 37.74 7.7 40.4 – – –

Chemists, except biochemists ........................... 28.62 3.4 40.0 28.69 3.5 40.1 – – –

Atmospheric and space scientists ..................... 22.91 15.0 41.3 22.91 15.0 41.3 – – –

Geologists and geodesists ................................. 30.68 6.3 40.4 30.68 6.3 40.4 – – –

Physical scientists, n.e.c. ................................... 26.56 2.4 39.9 26.56 2.4 39.9 – – –

Agricultural and food scientists .......................... 22.48 8.5 39.6 22.13 8.8 39.9 – – –

Biological and life scientists ............................... 21.66 7.3 39.2 21.55 7.3 39.8 – – –

Forestry and conservation scientists ................. 20.34 3.5 40.1 20.34 3.5 40.1 – – –

Medical scientists ............................................... 23.14 4.8 38.6 22.97 4.9 39.7 29.60 10.6 18.5

Health related ........................................................ 22.56 1.0 34.2 22.49 1.2 39.5 22.84 1.4 21.2

Physicians .......................................................... 38.55 5.4 39.6 37.20 5.8 43.2 55.99 5.2 19.0

Dentists .............................................................. 34.36 8.6 29.4 34.90 11.4 39.6 33.02 8.1 17.8

Optometrists ...................................................... 38.60 6.1 37.7 38.14 7.7 39.9 – – –

Health diagnosing practitioners, n.e.c. ............... 19.82 12.7 33.9 – – – – – –

Registered nurses .............................................. 20.86 .7 33.5 20.71 .7 39.1 21.48 1.3 21.3

Pharmacists ....................................................... 27.35 1.9 34.8 27.87 1.2 40.0 24.97 6.4 21.8

Dietitians ............................................................ 16.70 1.8 36.9 16.54 2.0 39.7 18.36 3.1 20.8

Respiratory therapists ........................................ 17.76 1.6 34.4 17.84 1.6 39.4 17.37 3.4 21.3

Occupational therapists ..................................... 23.08 2.9 34.1 22.68 3.4 39.2 25.48 5.2 19.3

Physical therapists ............................................. 23.92 2.3 34.4 23.48 2.2 39.5 25.66 8.9 22.6

Speech therapists .............................................. 23.46 6.6 33.8 23.26 7.4 38.1 25.05 4.4 18.1

Therapists, n.e.c. ............................................... 16.51 3.1 37.0 16.31 3.0 39.3 18.36 12.3 23.8

Physicians’ assistants ........................................ 26.36 4.1 38.3 26.75 4.1 39.6 – – –

Teachers, college and university ........................... 33.82 1.5 34.1 34.19 1.5 39.3 29.31 5.2 13.3

Earth, environmental, and marine science

teachers ........................................................... 33.84 10.4 36.5 33.78 10.6 37.5 – – –

Biological science teachers ............................... 33.80 8.1 36.5 33.53 8.3 39.8 40.53 20.0 11.8

Chemistry teachers ............................................ 31.61 7.3 40.4 31.67 7.5 41.7 – – –

Physics teachers ................................................ 47.49 7.0 37.1 47.49 7.0 37.2 – – –

Natural science teachers, n.e.c. ........................ 38.48 6.3 38.8 38.54 6.3 38.9 – – –

Psychology teachers .......................................... 32.26 6.4 33.5 32.91 6.9 39.4 20.62 9.5 9.1

Economics teachers .......................................... 46.28 11.2 43.1 46.28 11.2 43.1 – – –

History teachers ................................................. 32.36 5.4 36.6 32.62 5.6 39.8 24.56 14.1 10.6

Political science teachers .................................. 33.60 6.2 37.2 33.44 6.2 39.1 – – –

See footnotes at end of table.

7
Table 2-1. United States, selected occupations: Mean hourly earnings1 and weekly hours for full-time and part-time workers,2

National Compensation Survey,3 1998–Continued

Occupation4

Total Full time Part time

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

Mean hours

Relative

error5

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error5

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error5

(percent)

White collar –Continued

Professional specialty and technical –Continued

Professional specialty –Continued

Teachers, college and university –Continued

Sociology teachers ............................................ $36.75 8.3 34.6 $37.33 8.2 38.9 – – –

Social science teachers, n.e.c. .......................... 32.95 7.2 37.3 33.15 7.4 39.2 $20.20 29.1 9.1

Engineering teachers ......................................... 38.51 12.0 37.5 38.55 12.6 40.0 37.80 18.0 17.3

Mathematical science teachers ......................... 33.59 6.2 33.3 34.25 6.6 38.8 25.52 9.1 12.2

Computer science teachers ............................... 25.48 11.3 30.5 30.11 8.4 37.9 20.42 2.2 25.1

Medical science teachers .................................. 44.51 5.8 38.9 42.17 6.5 43.7 68.22 7.3 18.3

Health specialities teachers ............................... 33.96 7.5 36.8 34.29 7.5 38.7 21.69 10.9 12.8

Business, commerce, and marketing teachers .. 35.50 6.5 34.8 35.91 7.0 39.4 24.26 8.5 8.4

Agriculture and forestry teachers ....................... 42.82 26.4 35.5 42.82 26.4 35.5 – – –

Art, drama, and music teachers ......................... 29.29 2.9 31.9 29.76 3.4 39.0 26.05 7.8 14.1

Physical education teachers .............................. 25.28 8.7 33.4 25.29 9.2 39.8 24.99 14.4 8.6

Education teachers ............................................ 31.19 9.1 35.1 31.77 9.3 40.4 19.09 10.4 9.5

English teachers ................................................ 32.60 4.8 33.1 32.90 5.0 38.0 27.32 6.8 10.1

Foreign language teachers ................................ 26.29 13.4 33.2 26.62 15.8 40.9 24.38 15.5 15.9

Law teachers ..................................................... 58.19 8.2 35.9 60.32 8.1 39.0 – – –

Social work teachers .......................................... 25.91 7.4 32.7 26.45 7.2 40.5 – – –

Theology teachers ............................................. 35.46 4.2 39.1 35.11 4.2 39.3 – – –

Trade and industrial teachers ............................ 27.22 3.3 32.4 27.59 3.2 38.0 21.81 8.5 10.2

Home economics teachers ................................ 29.92 14.9 30.4 – – – – – –

Teachers, post secondary, subject not specified 33.48 7.2 32.1 34.30 7.6 39.0 22.41 7.4 9.4

Teachers, post secondary, n.e.c. ....................... 31.26 1.9 31.5 31.72 2.0 38.4 27.26 5.6 12.1

Teachers, except college and university ................ 26.82 .8 34.6 27.27 .8 36.7 16.82 3.3 15.3

Prekindergarten and kindergarten ..................... 21.09 3.9 35.1 21.43 4.0 37.2 15.41 13.3 18.4

Elementary school teachers .............................. 27.72 .9 36.1 27.75 .9 36.5 25.34 7.9 18.8

Secondary school teachers ............................... 27.86 1.2 36.7 27.84 1.2 37.0 29.05 6.0 22.2

Teachers, special education .............................. 28.18 1.9 35.5 28.26 1.9 35.9 23.86 16.6 21.8

Teachers, n.e.c. ................................................. 26.51 2.6 30.8 27.40 2.8 36.3 18.02 7.1 12.5

Substitute teachers ............................................ 10.00 3.5 16.1 10.90 9.6 33.6 9.84 3.8 14.7

Vocational and educational counselors ............. 24.78 3.8 36.5 24.90 3.9 37.7 21.88 11.8 20.5

Librarians, archivists, and curators ........................ 21.39 2.2 36.5 21.69 2.2 38.4 17.25 5.1 21.8

Librarians ........................................................... 21.53 2.3 36.5 21.86 2.3 38.3 17.28 5.3 22.6

Archivists and curators ...................................... 20.33 7.7 37.1 20.43 7.9 39.2 – – –

Social scientists and urban planners ..................... 23.65 3.0 36.7 23.83 3.1 39.0 20.74 8.2 18.5

Economists ........................................................ 25.93 3.8 39.8 25.93 3.8 39.8 – – –

Psychologists ..................................................... 23.81 5.0 34.6 24.19 5.2 38.3 20.77 8.4 19.4

Sociologists ........................................................ 17.54 3.2 39.3 17.54 3.2 39.3 – – –

Social scientists, n.e.c. ...................................... 16.66 10.9 37.7 16.56 11.1 39.3 – – –

Urban planners .................................................. 22.08 3.5 36.8 22.12 3.5 39.5 – – –

Social, recreation, and religious workers ............... 15.87 1.3 37.6 15.92 1.3 39.2 14.88 3.6 19.7

Social workers ................................................... 16.06 1.3 37.8 16.08 1.4 39.1 15.72 3.9 21.0

Recreation workers ............................................ 13.11 3.7 33.4 13.39 3.9 39.2 10.88 9.4 15.3

Clergy ................................................................ 15.21 15.8 42.2 15.25 17.0 46.1 14.71 10.1 19.8

Religious workers, n.e.c. .................................... 20.55 15.8 36.6 20.63 16.1 39.7 17.24 22.5 8.3

Lawyers and judges ............................................... 36.62 2.4 40.0 36.87 2.5 41.7 27.03 10.6 15.8

Lawyers ............................................................. 36.30 2.6 40.3 36.52 2.6 41.8 27.44 11.5 16.7

Judges ............................................................... 42.18 7.0 34.7 43.27 6.4 39.6 23.83 25.6 11.3

Writers, authors, entertainers, athletes, and

professionals, n.e.c. ............................................. 23.92 3.8 36.4 24.48 3.9 39.8 16.16 7.7 16.5

Technical writers ................................................ 21.50 6.8 38.9 21.66 7.0 40.0 17.32 14.0 22.9

Designers ........................................................... 22.27 3.9 39.7 22.49 3.9 40.3 12.78 14.6 24.6

Musicians and composers ................................. 36.96 20.4 15.4 39.48 27.1 30.3 33.69 31.2 9.4

Actors and directors ........................................... 33.29 21.2 34.5 37.17 20.7 40.4 13.53 28.0 19.9

Painters, sculptors, craft artists, and artist

printmakers ...................................................... 25.94 23.5 39.6 26.19 23.7 40.2 – – –

Photographers ................................................... 17.11 7.1 38.9 16.94 7.2 40.0 – – –

Artists, performers, and related workers, n.e.c. 13.30 9.6 27.1 15.59 11.3 38.4 10.91 10.1 20.7

Editors and reporters ......................................... 23.14 4.9 38.7 23.35 4.9 39.4 14.63 13.5 22.7

Public relations specialists ................................. 20.57 4.9 36.6 20.63 5.2 39.3 19.55 12.8 16.6

Announcers ........................................................ 22.52 21.9 25.7 26.98 23.8 40.9 16.04 26.2 16.7

See footnotes at end of table.

8
Table 2-1. United States, selected occupations: Mean hourly earnings1 and weekly hours for full-time and part-time workers,2

National Compensation Survey,3 1998–Continued

Occupation4

Total Full time Part time

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

Mean hours

Relative

error5

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error5

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error5

(percent)

White collar –Continued

Professional specialty and technical –Continued

Professional specialty –Continued

Writers, authors, entertainers, athletes, and

professionals, n.e.c. –Continued

Athletes .............................................................. $33.28 40.1 23.9 $40.88 43.9 40.7 $12.11 9.3 11.1

Professional, n.e.c. ............................................ 25.63 3.1 38.9 25.67 3.1 39.8 24.37 16.3 23.9

Technical ................................................................... 17.83 1.2 36.8 18.16 1.3 39.1 13.97 1.7 21.5

Clinical laboratory technologists and

technicians ....................................................... 15.39 1.7 37.2 15.41 1.8 39.6 15.12 3.2 20.3

Dental hygienists ............................................... 19.86 8.2 35.7 19.46 9.5 38.5 – – –

Health record technologists and technicians ..... 12.17 3.6 34.6 12.02 3.9 38.6 13.14 7.4 20.2

Radiological technicians .................................... 16.91 1.7 33.5 16.73 1.6 39.5 17.67 4.4 20.7

Licensed practical nurses .................................. 12.98 .9 34.8 12.92 1.0 39.3 13.32 1.8 22.2

Health technologists and technicians, n.e.c. ...... 13.35 1.2 35.0 13.57 1.3 39.8 11.84 2.8 19.3

Electrical and electronic technicians .................. 18.35 1.8 39.8 18.33 1.8 40.0 19.33 20.5 26.7

Industrial engineering technicians ..................... 18.71 4.6 40.3 18.71 4.6 40.3 – – –

Mechanical engineering technicians .................. 19.24 4.0 40.1 19.29 4.0 40.3 – – –

Engineering technicians, n.e.c. .......................... 18.80 1.6 39.3 18.80 1.6 39.8 18.71 5.6 29.4

Drafters .............................................................. 18.71 3.9 39.6 18.84 4.0 40.1 13.12 17.0 25.5

Surveying and mapping technicians .................. 15.92 5.6 39.6 16.04 5.5 39.6 – – –

Biological technicians ........................................ 15.13 4.4 37.1 15.53 4.4 39.8 9.90 6.0 19.9

Chemical technicians ......................................... 17.11 2.3 39.7 17.15 2.4 39.9 – – –

Science technicians, n.e.c. ................................ 18.18 3.2 38.3 18.06 3.3 39.6 – – –

Airplane pilots and navigators ............................ 79.22 9.4 23.6 79.31 9.4 23.6 – – –

Broadcast equipment operators ......................... 17.82 11.0 35.7 19.37 10.3 39.5 7.58 6.5 21.7

Computer programmers ..................................... 22.06 1.9 39.5 22.12 1.9 39.8 17.34 17.2 25.2

Tool programmers, numerical control ................ 17.32 4.7 40.1 17.32 4.7 40.1 – – –

Legal assistants ................................................. 17.19 2.6 39.3 17.29 2.5 39.4 – – –

Technical and related, n.e.c. .............................. 18.60 1.7 38.4 18.77 1.7 39.7 14.49 4.8 22.3

Executive, administrative, and managerial ............... 27.78 .7 40.0 27.83 .7 40.4 20.62 5.4 17.9

Executives, administrators, and managers ............ 31.73 .9 40.3 31.78 .9 40.7 22.57 8.2 15.5

Legislators ......................................................... 15.09 13.3 13.2 12.98 16.9 33.8 17.90 21.2 7.3

Chief executives and general administrators,

public administration ........................................ 60.36 32.1 39.7 60.36 32.1 39.8 – – –

Administrators and officials, public

administration .................................................. 25.80 1.7 39.1 25.81 1.7 39.7 24.92 18.3 12.7

Financial managers ........................................... 32.82 2.3 40.2 32.85 2.3 40.3 25.37 20.8 21.0

Personnel and labor relations managers ........... 32.18 3.1 41.1 32.20 3.1 41.2 – – –

Purchasing managers ........................................ 28.91 3.4 41.1 28.91 3.4 41.1 – – –

Managers, marketing, advertising, and public

relations ........................................................... 35.26 2.0 40.8 35.29 2.0 40.8 – – –

Administrators, education and related fields ...... 31.96 1.7 39.1 32.08 1.7 39.5 21.79 14.5 19.9

Managers, medicine and health ......................... 29.33 2.3 39.7 29.30 2.3 40.0 31.63 15.2 23.1

Managers, food servicing and lodging

establishments ................................................. 18.24 3.3 42.7 18.29 3.3 43.1 13.47 9.6 23.5

Managers, properties and real estate ................ 23.18 8.9 40.5 23.21 8.9 40.6 – – –

Funeral directors ................................................ 25.26 14.3 40.3 25.26 14.3 40.3 – – –

Managers, service organizations, n.e.c. ............ 23.33 11.6 39.6 23.33 11.8 40.0 23.35 32.7 24.8

Managers and administrators, n.e.c. ................. 34.38 1.4 41.2 34.39 1.4 41.3 21.99 20.1 17.8

Management related .............................................. 21.88 .8 39.6 21.91 .8 39.9 18.30 4.6 22.0

Accountants and auditors .................................. 20.38 1.8 39.6 20.38 1.9 39.8 20.73 3.3 21.1

Underwriters ...................................................... 25.67 5.0 39.3 25.67 5.0 39.3 – – –

Other financial officers ....................................... 24.80 3.4 39.8 24.83 3.4 40.0 18.99 5.0 19.2

Management analysts ........................................ 23.54 2.1 40.0 23.49 2.1 40.1 34.42 15.8 23.6

Personnel, training, and labor relations

specialists ........................................................ 21.11 2.3 39.7 21.16 2.3 40.0 17.55 9.7 26.0

Purchasing agents and buyers, farm products .. 18.92 9.5 39.9 18.92 9.5 39.9 – – –

Buyers, wholesale and retail trade, except farm

products ........................................................... 23.20 5.8 40.6 23.23 5.8 41.0 – – –

Purchasing agents and buyers, n.e.c. ............... 21.84 2.2 39.9 21.85 2.2 39.9 – – –

Business and promotional agents ...................... 17.79 5.7 39.7 17.79 5.7 39.7 – – –

See footnotes at end of table.

9
Table 2-1. United States, selected occupations: Mean hourly earnings1 and weekly hours for full-time and part-time workers,2

National Compensation Survey,3 1998–Continued

Occupation4

Total Full time Part time

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

Mean hours

Relative

error5

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error5

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error5

(percent)

White collar –Continued

Executive, administrative, and managerial

–Continued

Management related –Continued

Construction inspectors ..................................... $19.97 3.4 39.5 $19.94 3.4 40.0 – – –

Inspectors and compliance officers, except

construction ..................................................... 19.23 3.5 38.9 19.25 3.5 39.3 – – –

Management related, n.e.c. ............................... 22.31 1.2 39.4 22.37 1.2 39.8 $16.67 8.5 21.8

Sales ............................................................................. 13.28 3.6 33.0 15.26 5.3 40.2 7.12 .9 21.2

Supervisors, sales ............................................. 20.02 4.0 40.6 20.17 4.1 41.2 10.87 18.7 21.3

Insurance sales .................................................. 21.59 14.1 36.0 22.57 14.0 39.0 – – –

Real estate sales ............................................... 35.63 18.1 40.3 36.41 17.8 41.2 – – –

Securities and financial services sales .............. 37.13 9.6 39.9 37.43 9.5 40.1 – – –

Advertising and related sales ............................. 19.62 6.4 38.3 20.05 6.7 39.7 8.72 8.0 20.3

Sales, other business services .......................... 19.42 5.6 36.7 20.19 5.5 39.5 8.92 8.3 18.7

Sales engineers ................................................. 27.46 4.4 42.3 27.46 4.4 42.3 – – –

Sales representatives, mining, manufacturing,

and wholesale .................................................. 24.77 3.1 40.9 24.92 3.1 41.1 9.06 23.3 27.0

Sales workers, motor vehicles and boats .......... 18.96 3.1 45.0 18.98 3.1 45.0 – – –

Sales workers, apparel ...................................... 8.28 4.0 27.1 9.16 4.3 37.9 7.37 4.8 20.8

Sales workers, shoes ......................................... 9.65 6.6 27.9 11.53 7.0 38.5 7.39 4.1 21.0

Sales workers, furniture and home furnishings .. 11.02 11.3 29.7 14.02 8.2 39.6 7.00 7.6 22.2

Sales workers, radio, tv, hi-fi, and appliances ... 10.18 6.3 35.4 10.51 6.7 39.2 7.47 4.6 19.6

Sales workers, hardware and building supplies 10.95 5.3 36.9 11.51 6.2 40.0 8.25 2.5 26.7

Sales workers, parts .......................................... 14.38 4.6 38.8 14.85 4.7 40.8 7.66 5.0 22.8

Sales workers, other commodities ..................... 9.69 2.1 29.9 10.99 2.7 39.4 7.26 1.1 20.6

Sales counter clerks .......................................... 8.15 3.1 28.5 9.26 3.5 39.2 6.78 3.2 21.3

Cashiers ............................................................. 7.80 1.3 30.1 8.43 1.6 39.5 6.76 .9 21.6

Street and door-to-door sales workers .............. 12.96 11.6 30.0 16.28 10.2 38.3 8.04 10.8 22.8

News vendors .................................................... 7.78 11.7 20.9 – – – 6.71 3.9 17.9

Demonstrators, promoters, and models, sales .. 9.69 7.7 22.1 12.37 8.2 39.2 7.34 3.5 15.9

Sales support, n.e.c. .......................................... 12.69 3.1 36.3 13.35 3.1 40.0 8.45 4.8 22.9

Administrative support, including clerical ................ 12.00 .5 37.0 12.24 .5 39.3 9.30 1.2 22.4

Supervisors, general office ................................ 16.78 1.4 39.6 16.78 1.4 39.6 15.90 8.2 22.6

Supervisors, computer equipment operators ..... 20.72 3.5 39.9 20.72 3.5 39.9 – – –

Supervisors, financial records processing ......... 17.81 1.8 39.5 17.81 1.8 39.6 – – –

Chief communications operators ....................... 16.89 6.5 40.3 16.89 6.5 40.3 – – –

Supervisors, distribution, scheduling, and

adjusting clerks ................................................ 17.67 3.0 40.1 17.69 3.0 40.3 – – –

Computer operators ........................................... 14.08 1.8 39.2 14.14 1.7 39.6 9.49 10.8 22.1

Peripheral equipment operators ........................ 10.27 3.5 38.3 10.25 3.5 39.4 – – –

Secretaries ......................................................... 13.39 .7 38.2 13.49 .7 39.2 11.18 2.6 24.2

Stenographers ................................................... 14.15 2.6 36.0 14.27 2.7 39.0 12.90 8.8 20.4

Typists ............................................................... 11.91 1.4 37.1 12.01 1.5 38.7 10.31 3.2 22.7

Interviewers ....................................................... 9.86 1.8 33.9 10.10 2.0 39.2 8.88 4.0 22.0

Hotel clerks ........................................................ 8.58 3.5 36.8 8.73 3.6 39.5 6.99 2.8 22.0

Transportation ticket and reservation agents ..... 11.69 9.9 36.0 11.93 9.7 39.9 10.38 10.9 23.7

Receptionists ..................................................... 9.22 1.1 35.3 9.43 1.3 39.5 8.08 2.1 22.2

Information clerks, n.e.c. .................................... 11.77 3.2 36.4 11.76 2.1 39.6 11.84 17.1 25.4

Classified ad clerks ............................................ 10.38 12.9 35.2 10.58 14.9 38.4 – – –

Correspondence clerks ...................................... 11.94 3.3 38.0 12.02 3.2 39.6 10.14 12.5 20.6

Order clerks ....................................................... 11.94 2.2 37.6 12.30 2.4 39.7 8.43 3.0 24.9

Personnel clerks, except payroll and

timekeeping ..................................................... 12.71 1.8 38.0 12.85 1.8 39.6 9.88 3.4 21.2

Library clerks ..................................................... 10.48 1.9 30.0 10.99 2.5 38.1 9.05 2.9 18.8

File clerks ........................................................... 9.08 1.6 35.5 9.21 1.8 39.2 8.16 4.4 21.3

Records clerks, n.e.c. ........................................ 11.07 1.2 37.8 11.16 1.3 39.4 9.75 4.0 22.9

Bookkeepers, accounting and auditing clerks ... 11.74 .8 38.4 11.86 .7 39.4 9.03 4.2 24.1

Payroll and timekeeping clerks .......................... 12.62 1.8 38.2 12.79 1.7 39.7 8.60 10.0 20.4

Billing clerks ....................................................... 11.00 1.5 38.5 11.06 1.5 39.7 9.62 3.4 22.3

Cost and rate clerks ........................................... 11.76 6.8 39.7 11.76 6.8 39.7 – – –

See footnotes at end of table.

10
Table 2-1. United States, selected occupations: Mean hourly earnings1 and weekly hours for full-time and part-time workers,2

National Compensation Survey,3 1998–Continued

Occupation4

Total Full time Part time

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

Mean hours

Relative

error5

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error5

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error5

(percent)

White collar –Continued

Administrative support, including clerical

–Continued

Billing, posting, and calculating machine

operators .......................................................... $10.15 5.1 33.2 $10.81 5.9 39.6 $8.32 3.9 22.9

Duplicating machine operators .......................... 9.52 2.4 36.1 9.79 2.7 39.4 8.23 2.4 25.7

Mail preparing and paper handling machine

operators .......................................................... 9.36 5.0 35.6 9.59 5.1 39.4 7.63 6.5 20.5

Office machine operators, n.e.c. ........................ 8.71 4.6 36.5 8.87 5.3 39.4 7.67 3.3 24.8

Telephone operators .......................................... 11.48 3.5 36.2 11.82 3.6 39.1 8.37 3.1 21.8

Communications equipment operators, n.e.c. ... 10.41 3.9 33.6 10.67 2.9 39.4 8.83 9.5 17.7

Mail clerks, except postal service ...................... 9.10 3.0 36.1 9.46 3.6 39.3 7.50 3.7 26.3

Messengers ....................................................... 8.92 6.8 36.3 9.05 7.8 39.1 7.96 6.3 24.4

Dispatchers ........................................................ 12.92 3.7 38.3 13.08 3.5 40.2 9.80 9.5 20.1

Production coordinators ..................................... 14.69 1.8 38.9 14.81 1.8 40.0 7.90 8.6 15.1

Traffic, shipping and receiving clerks ................. 11.50 3.0 37.8 11.63 3.2 39.8 – – –

Stock and inventory clerks ................................. 11.27 1.5 36.2 11.65 1.4 39.8 7.99 3.0 20.4

Meter readers .................................................... 15.08 3.9 39.5 15.16 4.0 40.0 – – –

Weighers, measurers, checkers, and samplers 12.73 5.7 36.3 12.94 5.9 40.0 10.10 13.1 16.5

Expeditors .......................................................... 13.12 3.0 38.0 13.42 3.5 39.8 11.76 7.8 31.7

Material recording, scheduling, and distribution

clerks, n.e.c. ..................................................... 11.79 3.3 37.5 12.17 3.3 39.9 7.50 5.1 22.7

Insurance adjusters, examiners, and

investigators ..................................................... 14.96 2.9 39.0 14.98 2.9 39.1 10.44 5.3 25.7

Investigators and adjusters, except insurance ... 12.61 2.6 38.3 12.75 2.7 39.8 10.10 4.6 22.8

Eligibility clerks, social welfare ........................... 13.02 2.1 38.4 13.08 2.1 38.9 10.35 5.0 24.5

Bill and account collectors ................................. 11.65 2.7 38.5 11.77 2.7 39.8 8.73 4.3 21.4

General office clerks .......................................... 11.25 .8 36.7 11.50 .8 39.4 8.67 2.2 21.7

Bank tellers ........................................................ 8.97 1.4 32.2 9.14 1.6 39.5 8.43 1.6 20.4

Proofreaders ...................................................... 12.53 13.2 38.1 12.75 13.1 39.8 – – –

Data entry keyers ............................................... 10.04 1.4 37.6 10.19 1.5 39.5 8.50 3.0 25.6

Statistical clerks ................................................. 11.56 3.9 37.2 11.67 4.0 39.2 9.32 5.1 17.9

Teachers’ aides ................................................. 9.52 1.8 30.6 9.21 1.6 35.5 10.40 4.0 21.7

Administrative support, n.e.c. ............................ 12.06 1.7 36.6 12.37 1.8 39.4 9.15 3.2 22.0

Blue collar ........................................................................ 12.90 .6 38.5 13.17 .7 40.1 8.00 1.3 22.1

Precision production, craft, and repair ...................... 16.58 1.0 39.8 16.61 1.0 40.0 11.84 9.9 23.4

Supervisors, mechanics and repairers .............. 21.96 1.7 40.7 21.97 1.7 40.7 – – –

Automobile mechanics ....................................... 17.25 2.7 40.5 17.25 2.7 40.5 – – –

Automobile mechanic apprentices ..................... 10.43 6.0 39.8 10.47 6.1 40.2 – – –

Bus, truck, and stationary engine mechanics .... 15.45 1.9 40.2 15.44 1.9 40.2 – – –

Aircraft engine mechanics ................................. 21.79 3.2 40.0 21.80 3.2 40.0 – – –

Small engine repairs .......................................... 12.25 6.1 35.9 12.66 5.9 39.9 – – –

Automobile body and related repairers .............. 16.55 5.1 40.8 16.55 5.1 40.8 – – –

Aircraft mechanics, except engine ..................... 19.28 2.4 40.0 19.28 2.4 40.0 – – –

Heavy equipment mechanics ............................. 17.28 3.1 40.0 17.30 3.1 40.1 – – –

Farm equipment mechanics .............................. 14.58 10.6 40.0 14.58 10.6 40.0 – – –

Industrial machinery repairers ........................... 16.58 1.9 39.9 16.57 1.9 39.9 – – –

Machinery maintenance ..................................... 13.51 2.6 39.8 13.52 2.6 39.9 9.47 6.2 21.9

Electronic repairers, communications and

industrial equipment ......................................... 17.57 3.6 39.4 17.70 3.6 40.0 11.72 19.8 23.7

Data processing equipment repairers ................ 16.57 3.3 37.8 16.26 1.9 40.0 – – –

Household appliance and power tool repairers 16.77 6.1 38.3 16.97 6.1 40.0 – – –

Telephone line installers and repairers .............. 19.28 3.0 39.6 19.28 3.0 39.9 – – –

Telephone installers and repairers .................... 18.00 1.8 39.9 18.00 1.8 39.9 – – –

Heating, air conditioning, and refrigeration

mechanics ........................................................ 16.16 2.3 39.7 15.90 1.9 40.0 – – –

Camera, watch, and musical instrument

repairers ........................................................... 16.47 14.1 40.0 16.47 14.1 40.0 – – –

Locksmiths and safe repairers ........................... 17.30 4.8 40.0 17.30 4.8 40.0 – – –

Office machine repairers .................................... 16.09 5.0 40.0 16.09 5.0 40.0 – – –

Mechanical controls and valve repairers ........... 18.11 4.0 39.5 18.22 4.0 40.0 – – –

See footnotes at end of table.

11
Table 2-1. United States, selected occupations: Mean hourly earnings1 and weekly hours for full-time and part-time workers,2

National Compensation Survey,3 1998–Continued

Occupation4

Total Full time Part time

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

Mean hours

Relative

error5

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error5

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error5

(percent)

Blue collar –Continued

Precision production, craft, and repair –Continued

Elevator installers and repairers ........................ $19.27 23.4 40.0 $19.27 23.4 40.0 – – –

Millwrights .......................................................... 19.06 5.5 40.1 19.06 5.5 40.1 – – –

Mechanics and repairers, n.e.c. ......................... 15.62 1.4 39.7 15.67 1.4 39.9 $10.32 10.8 23.4

Supervisors, brickmasons, stonemasons, and

tilesetters ......................................................... 18.44 5.3 40.0 18.44 5.3 40.0 – – –

Supervisors, carpenters and related workers .... 21.04 5.8 40.3 21.04 5.8 40.3 – – –

Supervisors, electricians and power

transmission installers ..................................... 22.78 4.8 40.0 22.78 4.8 40.0 – – –

Supervisors, painters, paperhangers, and

plasterers ......................................................... 18.30 2.3 40.4 18.30 2.3 40.4 – – –

Supervisors, plumbers, pipefitters, and

steamfitters ...................................................... 23.27 6.6 40.1 23.27 6.6 40.1 – – –

Supervisors, construction trades, n.e.c. ............. 18.58 3.1 40.3 18.57 3.1 40.4 – – –

Brickmasons and stonemasons ......................... 16.56 5.5 40.0 16.56 5.5 40.0 – – –

Brickmason and stonemason apprentices ......... 12.73 9.6 40.0 12.73 9.6 40.0 – – –

Carpet installers ................................................. 24.12 4.9 39.0 24.12 4.9 39.0 – – –

Carpenters ......................................................... 17.04 2.1 39.6 17.08 2.1 39.8 12.55 13.2 24.8

Carpenter apprentices ....................................... 12.47 3.6 40.0 12.47 3.6 40.0 – – –

Drywall installers ................................................ 15.46 2.3 39.8 15.46 2.3 40.0 – – –

Electricians ........................................................ 18.91 1.9 39.9 18.90 1.9 40.0 – – –

Electrician apprentices ....................................... 13.27 6.3 40.0 13.27 6.3 40.0 – – –

Electrical power installers and repairers ............ 21.47 2.7 40.0 21.47 2.7 40.0 – – –

Painters, construction and maintenance ............ 15.60 5.7 39.4 15.62 5.7 39.5 – – –

Plasterers ........................................................... 18.61 16.4 40.0 18.61 16.4 40.0 – – –

Plumbers, pipefitters and steamfitters ............... 20.08 2.0 39.9 20.08 2.0 39.9 – – –

Plumber, pipefitter, and steamfitter apprentices 14.33 4.4 39.9 14.33 4.4 39.9 – – –

Concrete and terrazzo finishers ......................... 14.23 8.3 39.7 14.24 8.6 40.6 – – –

Glaziers .............................................................. 17.30 6.6 38.9 17.30 6.6 38.9 – – –

Insulation workers .............................................. 11.88 6.0 35.2 12.13 6.6 39.9 – – –

Paving, surfacing, and tamping equipment

operators .......................................................... 11.48 12.0 40.0 11.48 12.0 40.0 – – –

Roofers .............................................................. 13.64 6.2 34.5 13.64 6.2 34.5 – – –

Sheetmetal duct installers .................................. 19.43 8.1 38.8 19.43 8.1 38.8 – – –

Structural metal workers .................................... 16.57 4.6 39.6 16.60 4.8 40.2 – – –

Drillers, earth ..................................................... 11.49 10.6 40.0 11.49 10.6 40.0 – – –

Construction trades, n.e.c. ................................. 14.76 2.8 39.3 14.76 2.8 39.7 – – –

Supervisors, extractive ...................................... 22.05 14.5 41.2 22.96 11.7 42.3 – – –

Drillers, oil well ................................................... 17.37 2.6 41.3 17.37 2.6 41.3 – – –

Explosives workers ............................................ 15.91 16.0 39.6 15.91 16.0 39.6 – – –

Mining machine operators ................................. 18.63 6.4 40.0 18.63 6.4 40.0 – – –

Mining, n.e.c. ..................................................... 19.72 3.6 40.1 19.72 3.6 40.1 – – –

Supervisors, production ..................................... 19.00 2.6 40.7 19.00 2.6 40.7 – – –

Tool and die makers .......................................... 19.72 1.8 40.0 19.72 1.8 40.0 – – –

Tool and die maker apprentices ........................ 14.33 4.9 40.0 14.33 4.9 40.0 – – –

Precision assemblers, metal .............................. 16.19 3.0 40.0 16.19 3.0 40.0 – – –

Machinists .......................................................... 17.12 1.1 40.0 17.12 1.1 40.0 – – –

Machinist apprentices ........................................ 12.63 4.9 40.0 12.63 4.9 40.0 – – –

Boilermakers ...................................................... 18.28 5.2 39.9 18.28 5.2 39.9 – – –

Precision grinders, filers, and tool sharpeners ... 14.90 4.7 40.1 14.90 4.7 40.1 – – –

Patternmakers and modelmakers, metal ........... 18.21 5.7 40.0 18.21 5.7 40.0 – – –

Layout workers .................................................. 14.87 4.9 40.0 14.87 4.9 40.0 – – –

Precious stones and metals workers ................. 8.98 8.8 39.3 8.98 8.8 39.3 – – –

Engravers, metal ................................................ 15.41 22.7 39.2 15.26 23.3 39.8 – – –

Sheet metal workers .......................................... 16.76 5.1 40.0 16.76 5.1 40.0 – – –

Sheet metal worker apprentices ........................ 13.39 7.0 37.1 13.39 7.0 37.1 – – –

Cabinet makers and bench carpenters .............. 11.20 4.7 39.7 11.20 4.7 39.7 – – –

Furniture and wood finishers ............................. 11.68 2.5 40.0 11.68 2.5 40.0 – – –

Tailors ................................................................ 11.86 3.4 39.5 11.86 3.4 39.5 – – –

Upholsterers ...................................................... 12.57 9.3 39.6 12.57 9.3 39.6 – – –

Hand molders and shapers, except jewelers ..... 16.34 3.1 40.2 16.34 3.1 40.2 – – –

Patternmakers, layout workers, and cutters ...... 19.77 7.8 39.9 20.05 7.7 39.9 – – –

See footnotes at end of table.

12
Table 2-1. United States, selected occupations: Mean hourly earnings1 and weekly hours for full-time and part-time workers,2

National Compensation Survey,3 1998–Continued

Occupation4

Total Full time Part time

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

Mean hours

Relative

error5

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error5

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error5

(percent)

Blue collar –Continued

Precision production, craft, and repair –Continued

Optical goods workers ....................................... $11.00 12.8 39.7 $11.00 12.8 39.7 – – –

Dental laboratory and medical appliance

technicians ....................................................... 14.47 10.8 39.5 14.47 10.8 39.5 – – –

Bookbinders ....................................................... 13.57 6.1 39.4 13.57 6.1 39.4 – – –

Electrical and electronic equipment assemblers 9.78 3.0 39.8 9.81 3.0 40.0 $6.97 6.7 25.3

Miscellaneous precision workers, n.e.c. ............ 15.51 5.4 39.8 15.53 5.4 39.9 – – –

Precision food production .................................. 10.90 7.3 40.0 10.90 7.3 40.0 – – –

Butchers and meat cutters ................................. 10.20 3.5 38.5 10.30 3.7 39.6 – – –

Bakers ................................................................ 9.82 4.9 36.7 10.00 5.3 39.6 8.26 9.5 22.9

Food batchmakers ............................................. 10.48 5.2 38.7 10.46 5.1 39.8 – – –

Inspectors, testers, and graders ........................ 16.37 2.2 40.2 16.40 2.2 40.3 – – –

Precision inspectors, testers, and related

workers, n.e.c. ................................................. 19.04 6.6 40.0 19.04 6.6 40.0 – – –

Adjusters and calibrators ................................... 13.36 14.1 39.6 13.34 14.2 40.0 – – –

Water and sewer treatment plant operators ...... 15.53 2.8 39.4 15.69 2.7 40.0 – – –

Power plant operators ........................................ 22.02 1.9 39.7 22.02 1.9 39.7 – – –

Stationary engineers .......................................... 19.02 3.1 39.5 19.01 3.1 39.8 – – –

Miscellaneous plant and system operators,

n.e.c. ................................................................ 21.34 2.2 40.1 21.34 2.2 40.1 – – –

Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors ..... 11.59 .9 39.6 11.65 .9 39.9 7.47 2.0 23.0

Lathe and turning machine set-up operators ..... 14.03 2.6 40.0 14.03 2.6 40.0 – – –

Lathe and turning machine operators ................ 12.83 6.3 39.9 12.83 6.3 39.9 – – –

Milling and planing machine operators .............. 13.38 6.9 40.0 13.38 6.9 40.0 – – –

Punching and stamping press operators ........... 12.08 3.0 39.8 12.10 3.0 40.0 – – –

Rolling machine operators ................................. 13.46 6.1 40.3 13.46 6.1 40.3 – – –

Drilling and boring machine operators ............... 11.39 12.2 40.0 11.39 12.2 40.0 – – –

Grinding, abrading, buffing, and polishing

machine operators ........................................... 11.58 2.9 39.9 11.59 2.9 40.0 – – –

Forging machine operators ................................ 12.86 4.5 39.9 12.86 4.5 39.9 – – –

Numerical control machine operators ................ 13.57 2.1 40.0 13.57 2.1 40.0 – – –

Fabricating machine operators, n.e.c. ............... 13.29 2.3 40.0 13.29 2.3 40.0 – – –

Molding and casting machine operators ............ 10.36 2.9 39.8 10.41 2.9 39.9 6.65 8.9 32.9

Metal plating machine operators ........................ 11.98 3.3 40.0 12.03 3.1 40.3 – – –

Heat treating equipment operators .................... 13.78 2.4 40.0 13.78 2.4 40.0 – – –

Wood lathe, routing, and planing machine

operators .......................................................... 10.60 11.3 37.1 10.63 11.7 39.7 – – –

Sawing machine operators ................................ 9.14 5.2 39.7 9.14 5.2 40.0 – – –

Shaping and jointing machine operators ........... 9.73 6.8 39.9 9.73 6.8 39.9 – – –

Nailing and tacking machine operators .............. 9.91 2.3 40.0 9.91 2.3 40.0 – – –

Printing press operators ..................................... 14.64 3.2 39.2 14.69 3.2 39.5 10.03 20.0 22.3

Photoengravers and lithographers ..................... 15.22 3.0 38.6 15.31 2.9 39.0 – – –

Typesetters and compositors ............................. 13.22 4.7 37.7 13.27 4.9 39.3 12.19 9.1 19.4

Winding and twisting machine operators ........... 11.01 7.3 39.9 11.02 7.3 39.9 – – –

Knitting, looping, taping, and weaving machine

operators .......................................................... 10.10 1.9 40.0 10.10 1.9 40.0 – – –

Textile cutting machine operators ...................... 8.94 5.4 40.0 8.94 5.4 40.0 – – –

Textile sewing machine operators ..................... 7.98 2.7 39.7 7.99 2.7 39.9 6.72 7.6 20.3

Shoe machine operators .................................... 9.11 8.6 39.9 9.11 8.6 39.9 – – –

Pressing machine operators .............................. 7.97 6.3 39.2 7.98 6.4 39.8 – – –

Laundering and dry cleaning machine operators 7.44 1.7 36.5 7.50 1.8 39.5 6.93 3.8 21.3

Cementing and gluing machine operators ......... 9.58 9.5 40.0 9.58 9.5 40.0 – – –

Packaging and filling machine operators ........... 10.55 4.3 39.4 10.56 4.4 40.0 9.67 5.8 21.2

Extruding and forming machine operators ......... 11.28 2.7 39.8 11.28 2.7 39.8 – – –

Mixing and blending machine operators ............ 13.28 2.8 39.9 13.27 2.8 40.0 – – –

Separating, filtering, and clarifying machine

operators .......................................................... 15.83 3.7 39.8 15.85 3.7 39.9 – – –

Compressing and compacting machine

operators .......................................................... 10.40 2.1 39.5 10.45 2.3 40.0 – – –

Painting and paint spraying machine operators 12.11 2.9 40.2 12.11 2.9 40.2 – – –

Roasting and baking machine operators, food .. 11.61 5.5 39.4 11.61 5.6 40.0 – – –

See footnotes at end of table.

13
Table 2-1. United States, selected occupations: Mean hourly earnings1 and weekly hours for full-time and part-time workers,2

National Compensation Survey,3 1998–Continued

Occupation4

Total Full time Part time

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

Mean hours

Relative

error5

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error5

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error5

(percent)

Blue collar –Continued

Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors

–Continued

Washing, cleaning, and pickling machine

operators .......................................................... $10.91 9.4 36.5 $10.98 9.5 40.2 – – –

Folding machine operators ................................ 11.34 4.0 39.7 11.38 3.9 39.8 – – –

Furnace, kiln, and oven operators, except food 13.68 4.4 39.9 13.68 4.4 40.0 – – –

Crushing and grinding machine operators ......... 11.89 5.7 39.9 11.89 5.7 39.9 – – –

Slicing and cutting machine operators ............... 12.65 3.6 39.9 12.72 3.6 40.0 – – –

Motion picture projectionists .............................. 13.07 9.6 25.9 – – – – – –

Photographic process machine operators ......... 10.42 2.9 38.0 10.64 2.8 39.9 $7.51 7.3 23.2

Miscellaneous machine operators, n.e.c. .......... 11.97 2.6 39.7 12.00 2.6 39.9 7.62 8.0 26.7

Welders and cutters ........................................... 14.19 1.9 40.0 14.20 1.9 40.0 – – –

Solders and braziers .......................................... 9.04 8.3 40.0 9.06 8.4 40.0 – – –

Assemblers ........................................................ 11.63 2.6 39.3 11.73 2.6 39.9 6.79 2.1 23.1

Hand cutting and trimming ................................. 9.51 8.9 39.4 9.55 8.9 39.9 – – –

Hand molding, casting, and forming .................. 12.13 9.9 40.0 12.13 9.9 40.0 – – –

Hand painting, coating, and decorating ............. 10.21 5.6 38.6 10.22 5.7 40.0 – – –

Hand engraving and printing .............................. 8.91 3.5 40.0 8.91 3.5 40.0 – – –

Miscellaneous hand working, n.e.c. ................... 9.85 3.3 38.8 9.99 3.5 39.9 5.70 3.4 20.7

Production inspectors, checkers and examiners 11.11 2.6 39.8 11.12 2.6 40.0 8.54 7.4 27.3

Production testers .............................................. 11.73 3.4 39.8 11.75 3.4 40.0 – – –

Production samplers and weighers .................... 13.64 4.5 39.6 13.64 4.5 39.6 – – –

Graders and sorters, except agricultural ............ 9.19 6.4 39.9 9.21 6.4 40.0 – – –

Hand inspectors, n.e.c. ...................................... 9.27 7.5 39.9 9.27 7.5 39.9 – – –

Transportation and material moving ......................... 13.72 1.1 37.9 14.08 1.1 40.9 9.94 2.1 21.3

Supervisors, motor vehicle operators ................ 16.46 5.2 41.1 16.57 5.2 41.2 – – –

Truck drivers ...................................................... 13.93 1.2 41.4 14.04 1.2 42.7 11.11 4.3 22.1

Driver-sales workers .......................................... 14.23 4.2 37.6 15.07 3.5 41.4 6.58 8.9 20.5

Bus drivers ......................................................... 12.61 1.6 29.2 13.49 2.1 36.7 11.12 2.0 21.7

Taxicab drivers and chauffeurs .......................... 8.32 4.5 30.0 8.81 4.9 38.8 7.26 8.5 20.2

Parking lot attendants ........................................ 7.04 4.3 28.2 7.73 5.0 39.9 6.22 4.6 20.9

Motor transportation, n.e.c. ................................ 8.99 4.6 32.2 9.70 5.6 39.2 6.24 2.1 19.0

Railroad conductors and yardmasters ............... 26.78 4.4 40.2 26.78 4.4 40.2 – – –

Locomotive operating ........................................ 27.74 8.4 40.7 27.75 8.4 40.7 – – –

Railroad brake, signal and switch operators ...... 23.30 10.2 40.0 23.30 10.2 40.0 – – –

Rail vehicle operators, n.e.c. ............................. 21.02 4.4 40.0 21.02 4.4 40.0 – – –

Ship captains and mates, except fishing boats .. 16.30 3.8 47.6 16.40 3.9 48.6 – – –

Sailors and deckhands ...................................... 11.39 8.0 43.3 11.24 7.5 45.6 – – –

Bridge, lock and lighthouse tenders ................... 11.16 2.1 40.0 – – – – – –

Supervisors, material moving equipment ........... 18.74 6.2 40.4 18.74 6.2 40.4 – – –

Operating engineers .......................................... 17.33 8.1 40.0 17.33 8.1 40.0 – – –

Longshore equipment operators ........................ 26.96 7.6 37.5 – – – – – –

Hoist and winch operators ................................. 12.94 5.5 40.9 12.94 5.5 40.9 – – –

Crane and tower operators ................................ 15.61 3.3 40.1 15.61 3.3 40.1 – – –

Excavating and loading machine operators ....... 14.17 4.3 40.0 14.17 4.3 40.0 – – –

Grader, dozer, and scrapper operators ............. 13.46 6.4 40.0 13.46 6.4 40.0 – – –

Industrial truck and tractor equipment operators 12.10 1.8 39.8 12.12 1.8 40.0 10.17 8.2 25.5

Miscellaneous material moving equipment

operators, n.e.c. ............................................... 14.33 3.0 37.8 14.59 3.1 39.9 10.14 1.8 20.5

Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and

laborers ....................................................................... 9.69 .7 35.9 10.11 .8 39.8 7.12 1.0 22.2

Nursery workers ................................................. 7.31 3.4 37.9 7.40 3.7 40.1 6.07 3.9 21.7

Supervisors, agriculture-related workers ........... 17.49 4.7 39.9 17.55 4.7 40.1 – – –

Groundskeepers and gardeners, except farm ... 9.31 5.2 38.4 9.41 5.8 39.8 7.57 3.6 23.8

Animal caretakers, except farm ......................... 10.22 5.8 38.2 10.39 5.6 39.6 – – –

Inspectors, agricultural products ........................ 7.84 6.1 37.4 8.09 8.8 40.0 – – –

Supervisors, handlers, equipment cleaners, and

laborers, n.e.c. ................................................. 14.57 2.6 39.8 14.61 2.6 40.2 – – –

Helpers, mechanics and repairers ..................... 11.69 4.4 39.1 11.78 4.4 40.0 8.04 6.6 21.0

Helpers, construction trades .............................. 10.46 3.8 39.3 10.50 3.8 39.8 8.13 16.1 24.2

See footnotes at end of table.

14
Table 2-1. United States, selected occupations: Mean hourly earnings1 and weekly hours for full-time and part-time workers,2

National Compensation Survey,3 1998–Continued

Occupation4

Total Full time Part time

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

Mean hours

Relative

error5

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error5

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error5

(percent)

Blue collar –Continued

Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and

laborers –Continued

Helpers, extractive ............................................. $15.17 11.8 38.7 – – – – – –

Construction laborers ......................................... 11.34 2.8 39.4 $11.46 2.9 39.9 $7.32 6.5 28.5

Production helpers ............................................. 9.75 3.5 39.0 9.82 3.5 39.8 6.89 3.9 21.6

Garbage collectors ............................................. 12.63 11.7 39.6 12.82 11.6 40.0 – – –

Stevedores ......................................................... 18.83 3.7 39.2 18.82 3.7 39.3 – – –

Stock handlers and baggers .............................. 8.64 1.4 29.9 9.97 1.7 39.6 6.49 1.2 21.4

Machine feeders and offbearers ........................ 9.37 2.6 39.3 9.38 2.6 39.8 8.48 10.2 21.7

Freight, stock, and material handlers, n.e.c. ...... 10.50 2.0 35.5 10.70 2.4 39.8 9.37 2.1 22.1

Garage and service station related .................... 8.25 7.1 34.2 8.57 5.7 38.9 6.93 12.3 22.9

Vehicle washers and equipment cleaners ......... 8.86 3.2 37.4 9.01 3.4 40.0 6.93 4.7 20.6

Hand packers and packagers ............................ 8.49 1.7 37.9 8.63 1.8 39.8 6.96 1.8 24.8

Laborers, except construction, n.e.c. ................. 9.57 1.3 37.8 9.81 1.3 39.8 6.90 3.3 24.3

Service .............................................................................. 9.52 .7 33.0 10.30 .8 39.1 6.61 .7 20.8

Protective service .................................................. 14.36 1.6 38.0 14.89 1.6 40.7 8.16 1.9 21.0

Supervisors, firefighters and fire prevention ...... 20.00 2.9 49.2 20.00 2.9 49.3 – – –

Supervisors, police and detectives .................... 24.14 2.7 40.1 24.14 2.7 40.2 – – –

Supervisors, guards ........................................... 15.49 7.1 38.4 15.81 7.1 39.4 8.95 6.2 24.9

Fire inspection and fire prevention ..................... 18.31 4.8 37.6 18.48 4.8 40.8 – – –

Firefighting ......................................................... 15.32 2.5 44.5 15.54 2.2 48.7 7.07 9.0 10.6

Police and detectives, public service ................. 19.49 1.4 39.5 19.57 1.3 40.0 10.97 13.8 18.1

Sheriffs, bailiffs, and other law enforcement

officers ............................................................. 15.91 2.6 38.7 16.02 2.7 39.8 12.54 7.5 21.0

Correctional institution officers ........................... 14.17 4.3 39.8 14.19 4.3 39.9 10.84 14.9 25.3

Crossing guards ................................................. 8.73 4.5 17.3 – – – 8.35 4.6 16.8

Guards and police, except public service .......... 8.63 1.7 35.1 8.78 1.9 39.4 7.88 1.7 23.2

Protective service, n.e.c. .................................... 11.51 4.7 29.1 13.02 5.3 39.6 8.05 7.8 18.1

Food service .......................................................... 6.76 .7 30.1 7.34 .9 38.5 5.66 .8 21.2

Supervisors, food preparation and service ........ 11.45 1.6 38.5 11.82 1.6 40.8 7.55 3.5 24.2

Bartenders ......................................................... 6.31 2.6 29.5 6.71 3.4 37.5 5.76 3.1 22.6

Waiters and waitresses ...................................... 4.17 3.4 28.8 4.39 3.3 38.1 3.83 2.6 20.8

Cooks ................................................................. 8.67 1.1 34.2 8.97 1.2 38.4 7.39 1.7 23.0

Food counter, fountain, and related ................... 6.12 1.3 25.8 6.42 2.4 37.2 5.90 1.3 21.1

Kitchen workers, food preparation ..................... 7.57 1.2 30.1 8.00 1.6 38.7 6.88 1.3 22.1

Waiters’/Waitresses’ assistants ......................... 5.68 2.2 27.7 6.14 3.2 38.0 5.01 2.4 20.1

Food preparation, n.e.c. ..................................... 6.85 1.3 29.8 7.13 2.8 38.6 6.29 1.1 20.6

Health service ........................................................ 8.77 .8 33.7 8.89 .9 38.8 8.19 1.2 20.7

Dental assistants ............................................... 10.26 3.7 36.3 10.19 3.9 40.0 – – –

Health aides, except nursing ............................. 9.79 1.4 33.5 10.03 1.6 38.9 8.44 2.7 19.0

Nursing aides, orderlies and attendants ............ 8.49 .8 33.7 8.58 1.0 38.8 8.13 1.4 21.2

Cleaning and building service ................................ 9.03 .9 35.1 9.40 1.0 39.4 6.84 1.1 21.3

Supervisors, cleaning and building service

workers ............................................................ 11.15 10.4 39.6 11.23 10.8 40.0 7.84 5.3 28.8

Maids and housemen ........................................ 7.52 1.9 34.9 7.59 2.1 38.6 7.07 2.4 21.0

Janitors and cleaners ......................................... 9.09 1.1 34.5 9.55 1.1 39.5 6.77 1.2 21.3

Pest control ........................................................ 12.36 8.5 40.0 12.36 8.5 40.0 – – –

See footnotes at end of table.

15
Table 2-1. United States, selected occupations: Mean hourly earnings1 and weekly hours for full-time and part-time workers,2

National Compensation Survey,3 1998–Continued

Occupation4

Total Full time Part time

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

Mean hours

Relative

error5

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error5

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error5

(percent)

Service –Continued

Personal service .................................................... $9.27 1.8 29.6 $10.10 2.1 37.0 $7.10 3.7 19.5

Supervisors, personal service ............................ 16.56 1.3 38.7 – – – 9.42 6.0 22.0

Hairdressers and cosmetologists ....................... – – – – – – 8.28 5.4 20.6

Attendants, amusement, and recreation

facilities ............................................................ 6.20 5.1 30.1 6.38 4.8 39.5 5.84 6.0 20.4

Guides ............................................................... 9.40 3.5 30.5 10.05 3.8 38.1 7.58 7.1 19.5

Ushers ............................................................... 6.55 5.1 19.3 – – – 6.21 3.9 16.2

Public transportation attendants ........................ 25.24 6.1 21.1 26.29 5.6 21.4 14.31 17.2 19.2

Baggage porters and bellhops ........................... 7.19 6.4 35.6 7.04 7.0 39.4 8.03 7.2 23.3

Welfare service aides ........................................ 7.55 4.9 28.1 8.46 4.0 39.1 6.30 5.9 20.3

Early childhood teachers’ assistants .................. 8.12 1.8 29.1 8.44 2.2 36.8 7.44 2.9 20.1

Child care workers, n.e.c. .................................. 8.51 2.3 26.2 8.98 3.8 38.6 7.88 2.9 18.4

Service, n.e.c. .................................................... 7.54 11.2 31.5 7.49 14.0 39.0 7.74 5.4 18.4

1 Earnings are the straight-time hourly wages or salaries paid to employees. They

include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard pay. Excluded are premium

pay for overtime, vacations, and holidays; nonproduction bonuses; and tips. The mean is

computed by totaling the pay of all workers and dividing by the number of workers,

weighted by hours. 2 All workers include full-time and part-time workers. Employees are classified as

working either a full-time or a part-time schedule based on the definition used by each

establishment. Therefore, a worker with a 35-hour-per-week schedule might be considered

a full-time employee in one establishment, but classified as part-time in another firm, where

a 40-hour week is the minimum full-time schedule. 3 This survey covers all 50 States. Collection was conducted between July 1997 and

April 1999. The average reference period was August 1998. 4 A classification system including about 480 individual occupations is used to cover all

workers in the civilian economy. For more information, see appendix B. 5 The relative standard error (RSE) is the standard error expressed as a percent of the

estimate. It can be used to calculate a "confidence interval" around a sample estimate. For

more information about RSEs, see appendix A.

NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or that data did not meet publication

criteria, and n.e.c. means "not elsewhere classified." Overall occupational groups may

include data for categories not shown separately. 

16
Table 2-2. Private industry, selected occupations: Mean hourly earnings1 for full-time and part-time workers,2 National

Compensation Survey,3 1998

Occupation4

Total Full time Part time

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

Mean hours

Relative

error5

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error5

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error5

(percent)

All .......................................................................................... $14.95 0.6 36.5 $15.69 0.6 39.8 $8.66 1.0 21.4

All excluding sales ......................................................... 15.10 .6 36.8 15.72 .6 39.8 9.03 1.2 21.4

White collar ...................................................................... 18.83 .7 36.8 19.65 .7 39.9 11.06 1.5 21.3

White collar excluding sales ...................................... 19.96 .7 37.7 20.36 .7 39.8 14.09 1.7 21.4

Professional specialty and technical ......................... 23.63 .8 36.7 23.97 .8 39.6 19.67 1.8 19.9

Professional specialty ................................................ 25.80 .8 36.8 26.13 .8 39.9 22.02 1.9 19.5

Engineers, architects, and surveyors ..................... 29.30 .7 40.4 29.30 .7 40.5 28.65 7.6 22.8

Architects ........................................................... 25.69 9.8 40.8 25.65 10.0 41.5 – – –

Aerospace engineers ......................................... 30.96 2.5 40.1 30.96 2.5 40.1 – – –

Metallurgical and materials engineers ............... 28.65 4.4 40.3 28.65 4.4 40.3 – – –

Mining engineers ............................................... 32.66 7.6 33.3 30.49 5.7 41.4 – – –

Petroleum engineers .......................................... 43.02 4.4 40.5 43.02 4.4 40.5 – – –

Chemical engineers ........................................... 33.38 2.2 40.0 33.38 2.2 40.0 – – –

Nuclear engineers .............................................. 35.18 1.8 40.6 35.18 1.8 40.6 – – –

Civil engineers ................................................... 28.60 3.1 40.7 28.58 3.1 40.8 – – –

Electrical and electronic engineers .................... 30.48 1.1 40.4 30.50 1.1 40.4 – – –

Industrial engineers ........................................... 25.34 2.4 40.6 25.34 2.4 40.6 – – –

Mechanical engineers ........................................ 26.30 1.3 40.4 26.32 1.3 40.5 – – –

Marine engineers and naval architects .............. 32.03 4.5 41.5 32.03 4.5 41.5 – – –

Engineers, n.e.c. ................................................ 30.48 1.2 40.3 30.47 1.2 40.4 32.46 5.6 24.2

Surveyors and mapping scientists ..................... 22.59 7.6 41.5 22.59 7.6 41.5 – – –

Mathematical and computer scientists ................... 28.64 1.6 40.0 28.54 1.6 40.1 43.33 28.9 29.5

Computer systems analysts and scientists ........ 28.68 1.4 40.1 28.69 1.4 40.2 25.23 8.4 27.0

Operations and systems researchers and

analysts ............................................................ 28.68 6.9 39.6 28.04 6.9 40.0 51.60 27.3 30.8

Actuaries ............................................................ 27.38 9.2 39.4 27.38 9.2 39.4 – – –

Statisticians ........................................................ 24.53 9.2 38.1 24.53 9.2 38.1 – – –

Mathematical scientists, n.e.c. ........................... 28.77 9.9 38.4 28.77 9.9 38.4 – – –

Natural scientists ................................................... 28.09 2.1 39.6 28.08 2.1 40.0 29.05 10.6 19.8

Physicists and astronomers ............................... 41.13 5.1 40.5 41.13 5.1 40.5 – – –

Chemists, except biochemists ........................... 29.23 3.7 40.0 29.30 3.7 40.1 – – –

Atmospheric and space scientists ..................... 22.61 16.0 40.7 22.61 16.0 40.7 – – –

Geologists and geodesists ................................. 32.87 6.6 40.6 32.87 6.6 40.6 – – –

Physical scientists, n.e.c. ................................... 29.54 2.4 40.0 29.54 2.4 40.0 – – –

Agricultural and food scientists .......................... 24.39 8.6 38.9 23.53 9.2 39.8 – – –

Biological and life scientists ............................... 24.58 4.6 39.1 24.41 4.7 40.0 – – –

Medical scientists ............................................... 25.03 6.1 37.9 24.93 6.2 39.4 28.54 14.9 15.6

Health related ........................................................ 22.72 1.1 33.4 22.69 1.3 39.4 22.83 1.5 20.7

Physicians .......................................................... 44.15 6.7 38.0 42.79 7.3 42.4 57.73 4.7 18.7

Dentists .............................................................. 34.69 6.8 29.2 – – – – – –

Optometrists ...................................................... 38.60 6.1 37.7 38.14 7.7 39.9 – – –

Health diagnosing practitioners, n.e.c. ............... 19.82 12.7 33.9 – – – – – –

Registered nurses .............................................. 20.84 .8 32.9 20.70 .9 39.1 21.35 1.3 21.0

Pharmacists ....................................................... 27.93 1.1 34.2 28.08 1.1 40.1 27.06 2.9 18.7

Dietitians ............................................................ 16.86 1.7 35.9 16.67 2.0 39.8 18.21 3.4 21.0

Respiratory therapists ........................................ 17.86 1.8 34.4 17.83 1.8 39.5 18.03 2.8 20.0

Occupational therapists ..................................... 23.11 3.4 34.1 22.76 4.0 39.3 25.10 5.9 19.5

Physical therapists ............................................. 23.87 2.3 33.9 22.88 2.2 39.6 29.73 4.4 18.3

Speech therapists .............................................. 23.15 3.1 31.9 22.71 3.8 39.5 25.02 5.1 17.6

Therapists, n.e.c. ............................................... 16.07 3.8 36.4 15.98 3.7 39.3 16.81 16.6 22.4

Physicians’ assistants ........................................ 26.78 4.5 38.6 26.99 4.5 39.6 – – –

Teachers, college and university ........................... 36.20 2.4 34.1 36.69 2.4 38.7 28.29 9.8 11.8

Biological science teachers ............................... 36.20 8.2 35.1 35.48 8.6 38.8 – – –

Chemistry teachers ............................................ 43.11 16.8 36.0 43.11 16.8 36.0 – – –

Physics teachers ................................................ 49.91 6.5 36.9 49.92 6.5 37.0 – – –

Natural science teachers, n.e.c. ........................ 33.25 10.9 35.7 33.48 10.9 36.1 – – –

Psychology teachers .......................................... 36.08 7.6 30.4 37.71 7.6 38.5 19.87 13.9 9.9

Economics teachers .......................................... 29.83 9.5 37.6 29.83 9.5 37.6 – – –

History teachers ................................................. 30.97 8.6 39.0 31.09 8.6 40.2 – – –

Political science teachers .................................. 35.40 9.9 36.3 35.05 10.1 38.2 – – –

Sociology teachers ............................................ 36.11 10.3 25.1 37.65 10.1 34.7 – – –

Social science teachers, n.e.c. .......................... 36.09 6.7 32.9 36.74 6.9 37.9 – – –

Engineering teachers ......................................... 37.36 13.2 33.0 36.67 14.4 36.6 44.78 12.1 16.2

See footnotes at end of table.

17
Table 2-2. Private industry, selected occupations: Mean hourly earnings1 for full-time and part-time workers,2 National

Compensation Survey,3 1998–Continued

Occupation4

Total Full time Part time

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

Mean hours

Relative

error5

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error5

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error5

(percent)

White collar –Continued

Professional specialty and technical –Continued

Professional specialty –Continued

Teachers, college and university –Continued

Mathematical science teachers ......................... $35.80 9.3 35.0 $36.20 9.5 38.0 $23.03 9.7 10.2

Computer science teachers ............................... 27.31 9.6 28.7 27.58 10.2 37.5 24.51 19.7 8.3

Medical science teachers .................................. 46.04 5.1 41.2 45.45 5.4 41.6 56.33 15.0 35.2

Health specialities teachers ............................... 31.68 6.9 39.5 32.08 6.9 41.9 19.51 3.9 14.4

Business, commerce, and marketing teachers .. 40.60 6.5 30.8 41.61 6.7 37.5 21.19 8.5 6.9

Art, drama, and music teachers ......................... 29.39 5.3 29.2 29.96 6.9 38.3 27.27 8.8 15.3

Physical education teachers .............................. 25.66 4.9 37.1 26.00 4.9 38.6 – – –

Education teachers ............................................ 30.02 16.5 31.8 30.59 17.2 39.4 19.61 14.3 7.0

English teachers ................................................ 31.74 11.2 32.9 32.16 11.5 37.7 22.27 13.4 8.4

Foreign language teachers ................................ 31.30 6.9 32.6 32.30 7.3 39.2 21.37 11.4 12.3

Law teachers ..................................................... 61.90 8.2 38.0 62.01 8.2 39.0 – – –

Social work teachers .......................................... 26.11 8.0 32.0 26.74 7.9 40.5 – – –

Theology teachers ............................................. 34.54 8.4 37.3 34.59 8.4 37.8 – – –

Trade and industrial teachers ............................ 19.43 14.0 33.2 18.81 15.2 39.6 25.53 7.1 12.9

Teachers, post secondary, subject not specified 33.41 6.1 33.5 34.11 6.0 37.7 19.09 18.7 10.1

Teachers, post secondary, n.e.c. ....................... 34.78 7.2 31.9 35.69 7.2 38.1 21.81 10.2 9.7

Teachers, except college and university ................ 17.15 1.9 32.0 17.41 2.0 38.3 15.05 4.4 13.7

Prekindergarten and kindergarten ..................... 10.80 5.0 35.5 11.01 4.6 37.8 8.73 9.4 21.8

Elementary school teachers .............................. 20.16 2.9 35.4 20.21 3.0 38.0 19.50 6.3 18.2

Secondary school teachers ............................... 22.53 2.8 36.6 22.57 2.9 38.1 21.27 4.7 18.1

Teachers, special education .............................. 19.95 4.5 36.1 19.92 4.6 37.4 21.36 25.4 13.0

Teachers, n.e.c. ................................................. 16.62 3.4 24.0 16.95 3.8 39.1 15.73 6.2 11.6

Substitute teachers ............................................ 9.31 7.5 12.3 – – – 9.19 7.4 12.1

Vocational and educational counselors ............. 15.79 4.2 37.0 15.79 4.3 38.8 15.81 9.2 16.9

Librarians, archivists, and curators ........................ 21.02 3.8 35.4 21.34 3.9 38.2 15.80 15.1 16.2

Librarians ........................................................... 20.47 3.6 35.2 20.78 3.7 37.9 16.00 16.2 17.4

Archivists and curators ...................................... 23.16 12.7 36.5 23.38 13.0 39.2 – – –

Social scientists and urban planners ..................... 23.07 3.7 35.9 23.32 3.7 39.5 20.60 9.9 18.9

Economists ........................................................ 26.30 3.9 39.8 26.30 3.9 39.8 – – –

Psychologists ..................................................... 18.27 4.0 31.5 17.58 4.0 39.0 20.60 10.1 19.0

Social scientists, n.e.c. ...................................... 25.60 5.5 32.6 26.15 5.8 37.6 – – –

Social, recreation, and religious workers ............... 14.45 1.6 37.0 14.40 1.6 39.4 15.12 4.8 19.9

Social workers ................................................... 14.59 1.7 36.8 14.51 1.7 39.1 15.68 4.7 20.4

Recreation workers ............................................ 11.64 3.8 36.2 11.85 3.6 39.2 8.47 23.2 16.8

Clergy ................................................................ 15.23 16.4 43.0 15.22 17.4 46.3 15.38 10.4 20.0

Religious workers, n.e.c. .................................... 20.55 15.8 36.6 20.63 16.1 39.7 17.24 22.5 8.3

Lawyers and judges ............................................... 41.44 2.6 43.8 41.48 2.6 44.0 – – –

Lawyers ............................................................. 41.43 2.6 43.8 41.47 2.6 44.0 – – –

Writers, authors, entertainers, athletes, and

professionals, n.e.c. ............................................. 24.21 4.2 36.7 24.77 4.3 39.8 15.44 9.7 16.4

Technical writers ................................................ 21.50 6.8 38.9 21.66 7.0 40.0 17.32 14.0 22.9

Designers ........................................................... 22.40 4.0 39.8 22.61 4.0 40.3 13.03 15.1 25.1

Musicians and composers ................................. 38.79 20.3 15.2 40.49 27.3 30.0 36.33 30.2 8.9

Actors and directors ........................................... 33.51 21.3 35.0 37.17 20.7 40.4 13.08 31.1 20.0

Painters, sculptors, craft artists, and artist

printmakers ...................................................... 26.60 24.6 39.6 26.89 24.8 40.3 – – –

Photographers ................................................... 17.18 7.8 38.8 17.00 7.9 40.0 – – –

Artists, performers, and related workers, n.e.c. 12.76 12.1 27.0 15.92 14.6 38.6 – – –

Editors and reporters ......................................... 23.29 5.0 38.8 23.49 5.0 39.4 14.74 14.3 22.6

Public relations specialists ................................. 21.03 6.4 37.3 21.02 6.7 39.4 21.25 11.9 20.5

Announcers ........................................................ 22.52 21.9 25.7 26.98 23.8 40.9 16.04 26.2 16.7

Athletes .............................................................. – – – – – – 12.09 12.4 10.2

Professional, n.e.c. ............................................ 26.04 3.5 39.4 26.16 3.5 39.8 18.42 13.2 23.9

Technical ................................................................... 18.48 1.4 36.6 18.87 1.4 39.0 13.83 1.7 21.2

Clinical laboratory technologists and

technicians ....................................................... 15.47 2.0 36.9 15.50 2.1 39.6 15.07 3.5 20.0

Dental hygienists ............................................... 23.17 2.0 32.3 – – – – – –

Health record technologists and technicians ..... 12.02 4.0 34.8 12.07 4.4 38.5 11.57 6.8 19.2

Radiological technicians .................................... 17.00 1.6 33.7 16.98 1.7 39.4 17.06 3.0 21.1

See footnotes at end of table.

18
Table 2-2. Private industry, selected occupations: Mean hourly earnings1 for full-time and part-time workers,2 National

Compensation Survey,3 1998–Continued

Occupation4

Total Full time Part time

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

Mean hours

Relative

error5

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error5

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error5

(percent)

White collar –Continued

Professional specialty and technical –Continued

Technical –Continued

Licensed practical nurses .................................. $13.04 1.0 34.2 $12.98 1.1 39.2 $13.28 1.9 22.2

Health technologists and technicians, n.e.c. ...... 13.26 1.4 34.2 13.47 1.6 39.8 12.02 2.8 18.9

Electrical and electronic technicians .................. 18.64 1.2 39.9 18.62 1.2 40.0 20.72 20.7 29.6

Industrial engineering technicians ..................... 18.87 4.5 40.3 18.87 4.5 40.3 – – –

Mechanical engineering technicians .................. 19.97 1.9 40.1 20.02 1.9 40.4 – – –

Engineering technicians, n.e.c. .......................... 19.61 1.8 39.6 19.65 1.8 40.0 16.16 9.5 20.5

Drafters .............................................................. 18.75 4.3 39.6 18.89 4.3 40.2 11.19 17.3 23.1

Surveying and mapping technicians .................. 15.79 8.6 40.0 16.01 8.6 40.0 – – –

Biological technicians ........................................ 16.77 5.7 39.5 16.76 5.8 39.8 – – –

Chemical technicians ......................................... 17.02 2.5 39.8 17.04 2.5 39.9 – – –

Science technicians, n.e.c. ................................ 18.65 3.4 38.4 18.52 3.5 39.8 – – –

Airplane pilots and navigators ............................ 79.93 9.5 23.5 80.02 9.5 23.5 – – –

Broadcast equipment operators ......................... 17.95 12.5 35.5 19.73 11.6 39.5 7.56 6.7 22.1

Computer programmers ..................................... 22.38 2.0 39.4 22.45 2.0 39.7 17.21 18.2 25.2

Tool programmers, numerical control ................ 17.32 4.7 40.1 17.32 4.7 40.1 – – –

Legal assistants ................................................. 17.91 2.7 39.4 17.91 2.7 39.4 – – –

Technical and related, n.e.c. .............................. 19.44 2.0 39.0 19.58 2.0 39.8 14.51 6.9 22.1

Executive, administrative, and managerial ............... 28.63 .9 40.5 28.67 .9 40.6 20.61 7.6 23.2

Executives, administrators, and managers ............ 32.51 1.4 40.9 32.55 1.4 41.0 23.32 11.8 22.7

Administrators and officials, public

administration .................................................. 24.65 13.8 39.5 24.65 13.8 39.5 – – –

Financial managers ........................................... 32.74 2.5 40.2 32.77 2.5 40.3 25.96 21.2 21.0

Personnel and labor relations managers ........... 32.39 3.5 41.4 32.41 3.5 41.4 – – –

Purchasing managers ........................................ 29.26 3.6 41.2 29.26 3.6 41.2 – – –

Managers, marketing, advertising, and public

relations ........................................................... 35.35 2.0 40.8 35.38 2.0 40.8 – – –

Administrators, education and related fields ...... 25.48 3.5 38.8 25.81 3.4 39.9 14.00 8.6 19.7

Managers, medicine and health ......................... 29.88 2.4 39.7 29.85 2.4 40.2 31.63 15.2 23.1

Managers, food servicing and lodging

establishments ................................................. 18.35 3.5 43.2 18.40 3.5 43.5 11.92 10.7 21.4

Managers, properties and real estate ................ 23.34 10.2 40.8 23.38 10.2 40.8 – – –

Funeral directors ................................................ 25.26 14.3 40.3 25.26 14.3 40.3 – – –

Managers, service organizations, n.e.c. ............ 23.83 13.8 39.8 23.75 13.9 40.2 28.40 32.1 26.2

Managers and administrators, n.e.c. ................. 34.86 1.4 41.3 34.88 1.4 41.4 21.16 27.7 23.6

Management related .............................................. 22.73 .9 39.9 22.76 .9 40.0 17.76 5.3 23.8

Accountants and auditors .................................. 20.94 2.2 39.8 20.94 2.2 39.9 20.43 4.7 24.9

Underwriters ...................................................... 25.67 5.0 39.3 25.67 5.0 39.3 – – –

Other financial officers ....................................... 25.13 3.8 40.1 25.15 3.8 40.3 18.48 6.6 18.8

Management analysts ........................................ 24.45 2.6 40.1 24.46 2.6 40.2 – – –

Personnel, training, and labor relations

specialists ........................................................ 21.79 2.8 39.8 21.86 2.8 40.1 16.50 10.5 25.8

Purchasing agents and buyers, farm products .. 19.21 9.6 39.9 19.21 9.6 39.9 – – –

Buyers, wholesale and retail trade, except farm

products ........................................................... 23.23 6.0 40.7 23.27 6.0 41.0 – – –

Purchasing agents and buyers, n.e.c. ............... 23.37 2.3 39.9 23.39 2.3 39.9 – – –

Business and promotional agents ...................... 19.13 7.6 39.6 19.13 7.6 39.6 – – –

Construction inspectors ..................................... 20.66 6.9 41.9 20.66 6.9 41.9 – – –

Inspectors and compliance officers, except

construction ..................................................... 23.10 3.8 40.2 23.13 3.8 40.3 – – –

Management related, n.e.c. ............................... 22.77 1.4 39.7 22.82 1.4 40.0 17.90 10.7 23.5

Sales ............................................................................. 13.29 3.6 33.0 15.29 5.4 40.2 7.09 .9 21.3

Supervisors, sales ............................................. 20.07 4.1 40.7 20.22 4.1 41.2 8.61 5.6 21.6

Insurance sales .................................................. 22.20 14.9 35.6 23.34 14.7 38.9 – – –

Real estate sales ............................................... 37.80 17.7 40.9 38.52 17.3 41.6 – – –

Securities and financial services sales .............. 37.13 9.6 39.9 37.43 9.5 40.1 – – –

Advertising and related sales ............................. 19.62 6.4 38.3 20.05 6.7 39.7 8.72 8.0 20.3

Sales, other business services .......................... 19.43 5.6 36.7 20.19 5.6 39.5 8.92 8.3 18.7

Sales engineers ................................................. 27.46 4.4 42.3 27.46 4.4 42.3 – – –

See footnotes at end of table.

19
Table 2-2. Private industry, selected occupations: Mean hourly earnings1 for full-time and part-time workers,2 National

Compensation Survey,3 1998–Continued

Occupation4

Total Full time Part time

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

Mean hours

Relative

error5

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error5

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error5

(percent)

White collar –Continued

Sales –Continued

Sales representatives, mining, manufacturing,

and wholesale .................................................. $24.77 3.1 40.9 $24.92 3.1 41.1 $9.06 23.3 27.0

Sales workers, motor vehicles and boats .......... 18.96 3.1 45.0 18.98 3.1 45.0 – – –

Sales workers, apparel ...................................... 8.28 4.0 27.1 9.16 4.3 37.9 7.37 4.8 20.8

Sales workers, shoes ......................................... 9.65 6.6 27.9 11.53 7.0 38.5 7.39 4.1 21.0

Sales workers, furniture and home furnishings .. 11.02 11.3 29.7 14.02 8.2 39.6 7.00 7.6 22.2

Sales workers, radio, tv, hi-fi, and appliances ... 10.18 6.3 35.4 10.51 6.7 39.2 7.47 4.6 19.6

Sales workers, hardware and building supplies 10.95 5.3 36.9 11.51 6.2 40.0 8.25 2.5 26.7

Sales workers, parts .......................................... 14.38 4.6 38.8 14.85 4.7 40.8 7.66 5.0 22.8

Sales workers, other commodities ..................... 9.69 2.1 29.9 11.00 2.7 39.4 7.26 1.0 20.7

Sales counter clerks .......................................... 8.12 3.1 28.5 9.22 3.6 39.2 6.78 3.2 21.4

Cashiers ............................................................. 7.74 1.6 30.1 8.36 1.3 39.5 6.73 1.1 21.6

Street and door-to-door sales workers .............. 12.96 11.6 30.0 16.28 10.2 38.3 8.04 10.8 22.8

News vendors .................................................... 7.78 11.7 20.9 – – – 6.71 3.9 17.9

Demonstrators, promoters, and models, sales .. 9.69 7.7 22.1 12.37 8.2 39.2 7.34 3.5 16.0

Sales support, n.e.c. .......................................... 12.68 3.1 36.3 13.35 3.1 40.0 8.45 4.8 22.9

Administrative support, including clerical ................ 12.00 .6 37.3 12.27 .6 39.5 9.04 1.4 22.8

Supervisors, general office ................................ 17.15 1.8 39.7 17.15 1.8 39.8 16.22 9.2 22.2

Supervisors, computer equipment operators ..... 20.27 4.1 40.1 20.27 4.1 40.1 – – –

Supervisors, financial records processing ......... 17.92 1.9 39.7 17.93 1.9 39.8 – – –

Chief communications operators ....................... 18.12 8.9 40.5 18.12 8.9 40.5 – – –

Supervisors, distribution, scheduling, and

adjusting clerks ................................................ 17.77 3.1 40.3 17.79 3.1 40.5 – – –

Computer operators ........................................... 14.40 1.9 39.3 14.44 1.9 39.6 9.69 15.5 23.4

Peripheral equipment operators ........................ 10.10 3.6 38.4 10.06 3.6 39.5 – – –

Secretaries ......................................................... 13.76 .8 38.1 13.89 .8 39.2 11.40 3.1 24.9

Stenographers ................................................... 12.41 2.5 36.6 12.56 2.5 39.5 11.24 6.3 23.3

Typists ............................................................... 12.25 2.1 37.1 12.45 2.2 38.9 10.11 3.4 25.0

Interviewers ....................................................... 9.75 1.9 33.2 10.07 2.2 39.1 8.67 3.9 21.9

Hotel clerks ........................................................ 8.58 3.5 36.8 8.73 3.6 39.4 6.99 2.8 22.0

Transportation ticket and reservation agents ..... 11.58 10.1 35.9 11.81 9.9 39.9 10.38 10.9 23.7

Receptionists ..................................................... 9.20 1.2 35.4 9.40 1.3 39.5 8.09 2.2 22.4

Information clerks, n.e.c. .................................... 11.72 3.6 36.4 11.71 2.3 39.6 11.81 18.4 25.8

Classified ad clerks ............................................ 10.43 13.6 35.3 10.58 14.9 38.4 – – –

Correspondence clerks ...................................... 11.98 3.3 37.9 12.07 3.2 39.6 10.14 12.5 20.6

Order clerks ....................................................... 11.90 2.2 37.6 12.26 2.4 39.7 8.42 3.0 24.9

Personnel clerks, except payroll and

timekeeping ..................................................... 12.57 1.8 38.9 12.63 1.8 39.7 10.29 5.8 22.3

Library clerks ..................................................... 11.42 2.7 31.6 11.90 2.8 37.8 9.36 6.5 18.6

File clerks ........................................................... 8.98 1.7 35.3 9.11 1.8 39.3 8.18 4.5 21.4

Records clerks, n.e.c. ........................................ 11.00 1.4 37.7 11.12 1.4 39.4 9.17 3.4 22.6

Bookkeepers, accounting and auditing clerks ... 11.58 .8 38.4 11.72 .7 39.5 8.83 4.4 24.1

Payroll and timekeeping clerks .......................... 12.50 1.9 38.2 12.68 1.9 39.7 8.55 10.1 21.0

Billing clerks ....................................................... 10.96 1.5 38.7 11.01 1.5 39.6 9.61 3.8 23.7

Cost and rate clerks ........................................... 11.76 6.8 39.7 11.76 6.8 39.7 – – –

Billing, posting, and calculating machine

operators .......................................................... 10.16 5.1 33.2 10.82 6.0 39.6 8.32 3.9 22.9

Duplicating machine operators .......................... 9.71 2.3 35.0 10.16 2.5 39.2 8.21 2.4 25.8

Mail preparing and paper handling machine

operators .......................................................... 9.36 5.0 35.6 9.59 5.1 39.4 7.63 6.5 20.5

Office machine operators, n.e.c. ........................ 8.65 4.7 36.8 8.78 5.4 39.4 7.75 3.6 25.4

Telephone operators .......................................... 11.54 3.7 36.2 11.90 3.8 39.1 8.31 3.1 21.9

Communications equipment operators, n.e.c. ... 9.84 6.3 34.0 10.01 5.4 40.0 – – –

Mail clerks, except postal service ...................... 9.18 3.1 35.8 9.59 3.7 39.3 7.50 3.7 26.3

Messengers ....................................................... 8.79 7.5 36.4 8.90 8.8 39.3 8.08 6.1 25.0

Dispatchers ........................................................ 12.48 5.8 38.1 12.69 5.2 40.4 8.99 12.6 20.0

Production coordinators ..................................... 14.67 1.8 38.9 14.79 1.9 40.0 7.90 8.6 15.1

Traffic, shipping and receiving clerks ................. 11.47 3.1 37.8 11.59 3.3 39.9 – – –

Stock and inventory clerks ................................. 11.23 1.7 35.9 11.65 1.5 39.8 7.92 3.0 20.2

Meter readers .................................................... 15.94 4.5 39.9 15.97 4.5 40.0 – – –

See footnotes at end of table.

20
Table 2-2. Private industry, selected occupations: Mean hourly earnings1 for full-time and part-time workers,2 National

Compensation Survey,3 1998–Continued

Occupation4

Total Full time Part time

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

Mean hours

Relative

error5

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error5

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error5

(percent)

White collar –Continued

Administrative support, including clerical

–Continued

Weighers, measurers, checkers, and samplers $12.67 6.1 38.9 $12.88 6.1 40.1 – – –

Expeditors .......................................................... 13.09 3.0 38.0 13.39 3.6 39.8 $11.76 7.8 31.7

Material recording, scheduling, and distribution

clerks, n.e.c. ..................................................... 11.74 3.4 37.5 12.13 3.4 39.9 7.50 5.1 22.7

Insurance adjusters, examiners, and

investigators ..................................................... 14.97 3.0 39.0 14.99 3.0 39.0 10.44 5.3 25.7

Investigators and adjusters, except insurance ... 12.53 2.7 38.3 12.66 2.8 39.7 10.11 4.7 22.8

Eligibility clerks, social welfare ........................... 10.99 4.1 38.1 10.98 4.2 39.2 11.09 4.3 20.7

Bill and account collectors ................................. 11.58 2.8 38.4 11.70 2.8 39.8 8.73 4.3 21.4

General office clerks .......................................... 11.12 1.0 36.5 11.41 1.0 39.5 8.51 2.1 21.8

Bank tellers ........................................................ 8.97 1.4 32.2 9.14 1.6 39.5 8.43 1.6 20.4

Proofreaders ...................................................... 10.46 5.4 37.5 10.64 5.6 39.7 – – –

Data entry keyers ............................................... 9.79 1.5 37.4 9.95 1.7 39.5 8.49 3.1 25.9

Statistical clerks ................................................. 11.93 4.6 36.7 12.07 4.7 39.1 9.48 5.5 17.9

Teachers’ aides ................................................. 8.29 4.0 31.5 8.65 5.5 37.4 7.52 4.5 23.4

Administrative support, n.e.c. ............................ 11.91 2.1 36.6 12.27 2.2 39.5 8.93 3.4 22.5

Blue collar ........................................................................ 12.77 .7 38.6 13.04 .7 40.1 7.71 1.4 22.3

Precision production, craft, and repair ...................... 16.60 1.1 39.8 16.64 1.1 40.1 11.84 10.1 23.6

Supervisors, mechanics and repairers .............. 22.34 1.8 40.8 22.34 1.8 40.9 – – –

Automobile mechanics ....................................... 17.16 2.6 40.6 17.16 2.6 40.6 – – –

Automobile mechanic apprentices ..................... 10.19 6.8 39.8 10.24 6.9 40.2 – – –

Bus, truck, and stationary engine mechanics .... 15.19 2.2 40.2 15.19 2.2 40.3 – – –

Aircraft engine mechanics ................................. 21.80 3.2 40.0 21.81 3.2 40.0 – – –

Small engine repairs .......................................... 12.13 9.2 33.6 12.85 9.0 39.8 – – –

Automobile body and related repairers .............. 16.54 5.1 40.8 16.54 5.1 40.8 – – –

Aircraft mechanics, except engine ..................... 19.28 2.4 40.0 19.28 2.4 40.0 – – –

Heavy equipment mechanics ............................. 17.50 3.7 40.0 17.52 3.7 40.1 – – –

Industrial machinery repairers ........................... 16.56 1.9 39.9 16.56 1.9 39.9 – – –

Machinery maintenance ..................................... 13.46 2.6 39.8 13.47 2.6 40.0 – – –

Electronic repairers, communications and

industrial equipment ......................................... 17.58 3.9 39.4 17.70 3.9 40.0 11.76 21.0 24.1

Data processing equipment repairers ................ 16.67 3.7 37.5 16.34 2.4 40.0 – – –

Household appliance and power tool repairers 16.77 6.1 38.3 16.97 6.1 40.0 – – –

Telephone line installers and repairers .............. 19.59 2.7 39.6 19.59 2.7 39.9 – – –

Telephone installers and repairers .................... 17.88 1.7 39.9 17.88 1.7 39.9 – – –

Heating, air conditioning, and refrigeration

mechanics ........................................................ 16.64 3.0 39.7 16.29 2.3 40.0 – – –

Camera, watch, and musical instrument

repairers ........................................................... 16.47 14.1 40.0 16.47 14.1 40.0 – – –

Locksmiths and safe repairers ........................... 17.90 6.6 40.0 17.90 6.6 40.0 – – –

Office machine repairers .................................... 15.86 5.2 40.0 15.86 5.2 40.0 – – –

Mechanical controls and valve repairers ........... 18.43 5.3 40.0 18.43 5.3 40.0 – – –

Elevator installers and repairers ........................ 19.17 24.0 40.0 19.17 24.0 40.0 – – –

Millwrights .......................................................... 19.13 5.6 40.1 19.13 5.6 40.1 – – –

Mechanics and repairers, n.e.c. ......................... 16.04 1.6 39.7 16.10 1.6 39.9 10.52 11.4 23.7

Supervisors, brickmasons, stonemasons, and

tilesetters ......................................................... 22.60 4.5 40.0 22.60 4.5 40.0 – – –

Supervisors, carpenters and related workers .... 21.37 5.9 40.3 21.37 5.9 40.3 – – –

Supervisors, electricians and power

transmission installers ..................................... 22.69 5.1 40.0 22.69 5.1 40.0 – – –

Supervisors, painters, paperhangers, and

plasterers ......................................................... 18.28 2.4 40.4 18.28 2.4 40.4 – – –

Supervisors, plumbers, pipefitters, and

steamfitters ...................................................... 23.82 8.1 40.3 23.82 8.1 40.3 – – –

Supervisors, construction trades, n.e.c. ............. 19.94 2.3 40.6 19.93 2.3 40.7 – – –

Brickmasons and stonemasons ......................... 16.93 7.6 40.0 16.93 7.6 40.0 – – –

Brickmason and stonemason apprentices ......... 12.73 9.6 40.0 12.73 9.6 40.0 – – –

Carpet installers ................................................. 24.86 4.1 38.9 24.86 4.1 38.9 – – –

See footnotes at end of table.

21
Table 2-2. Private industry, selected occupations: Mean hourly earnings1 for full-time and part-time workers,2 National

Compensation Survey,3 1998–Continued

Occupation4

Total Full time Part time

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

Mean hours

Relative

error5

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error5

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error5

(percent)

Blue collar –Continued

Precision production, craft, and repair –Continued

Carpenters ......................................................... $16.98 2.2 39.6 $17.03 2.2 39.9 $12.57 13.4 25.2

Carpenter apprentices ....................................... 12.47 3.6 40.0 12.47 3.6 40.0 – – –

Drywall installers ................................................ 15.46 2.3 39.8 15.46 2.3 40.0 – – –

Electricians ........................................................ 19.18 2.1 39.9 19.17 2.1 40.0 – – –

Electrician apprentices ....................................... 12.83 6.9 40.0 12.83 6.9 40.0 – – –

Electrical power installers and repairers ............ 21.78 3.2 40.0 21.78 3.2 40.0 – – –

Painters, construction and maintenance ............ 15.32 7.4 39.4 15.34 7.4 39.5 – – –

Plumbers, pipefitters and steamfitters ............... 20.73 1.9 40.0 20.73 1.9 40.0 – – –

Plumber, pipefitter, and steamfitter apprentices 14.13 5.0 39.9 14.13 5.0 39.9 – – –

Concrete and terrazzo finishers ......................... 14.12 8.9 39.7 14.12 9.2 40.7 – – –

Glaziers .............................................................. 14.29 6.4 38.0 14.29 6.4 38.0 – – –

Insulation workers .............................................. 11.85 6.0 35.1 12.10 6.7 39.9 – – –

Roofers .............................................................. 13.56 6.4 34.4 13.56 6.4 34.4 – – –

Sheetmetal duct installers .................................. 19.43 8.1 38.8 19.43 8.1 38.8 – – –

Structural metal workers .................................... 16.18 4.6 39.6 16.20 4.7 40.2 – – –

Drillers, earth ..................................................... 11.49 10.6 40.0 11.49 10.6 40.0 – – –

Construction trades, n.e.c. ................................. 16.43 3.3 38.9 16.46 3.3 39.6 – – –

Supervisors, extractive ...................................... 22.05 14.5 41.2 22.96 11.7 42.3 – – –

Drillers, oil well ................................................... 17.37 2.6 41.3 17.37 2.6 41.3 – – –

Explosives workers ............................................ 15.91 16.0 39.6 15.91 16.0 39.6 – – –

Mining machine operators ................................. 18.63 6.4 40.0 18.63 6.4 40.0 – – –

Mining, n.e.c. ..................................................... 19.72 3.6 40.1 19.72 3.6 40.1 – – –

Supervisors, production ..................................... 19.02 2.6 40.7 19.02 2.6 40.7 – – –

Tool and die makers .......................................... 19.74 1.8 40.0 19.74 1.8 40.0 – – –

Tool and die maker apprentices ........................ 14.33 4.9 40.0 14.33 4.9 40.0 – – –

Precision assemblers, metal .............................. 16.19 3.0 40.0 16.19 3.0 40.0 – – –

Machinists .......................................................... 17.02 1.1 40.0 17.02 1.1 40.0 – – –

Machinist apprentices ........................................ 12.63 4.9 40.0 12.63 4.9 40.0 – – –

Boilermakers ...................................................... 18.41 5.3 40.0 18.41 5.3 40.0 – – –

Precision grinders, filers, and tool sharpeners ... 14.90 4.7 40.1 14.90 4.7 40.1 – – –

Patternmakers and modelmakers, metal ........... 18.21 5.7 40.0 18.21 5.7 40.0 – – –

Layout workers .................................................. 14.87 4.9 40.0 14.87 4.9 40.0 – – –

Precious stones and metals workers ................. 8.98 8.8 39.3 8.98 8.8 39.3 – – –

Engravers, metal ................................................ 15.41 22.7 39.2 15.26 23.3 39.8 – – –

Sheet metal workers .......................................... 16.76 5.1 40.0 16.76 5.1 40.0 – – –

Sheet metal worker apprentices ........................ 13.39 7.0 37.1 13.39 7.0 37.1 – – –

Cabinet makers and bench carpenters .............. 10.87 5.2 39.6 10.87 5.2 39.6 – – –

Furniture and wood finishers ............................. 11.68 2.5 40.0 11.68 2.5 40.0 – – –

Tailors ................................................................ 11.86 3.4 39.5 11.86 3.4 39.5 – – –

Upholsterers ...................................................... 12.57 9.3 39.6 12.57 9.3 39.6 – – –

Hand molders and shapers, except jewelers ..... 16.34 3.1 40.2 16.34 3.1 40.2 – – –

Patternmakers, layout workers, and cutters ...... 19.81 7.8 39.9 20.09 7.7 39.9 – – –

Optical goods workers ....................................... 11.00 12.8 39.7 11.00 12.8 39.7 – – –

Dental laboratory and medical appliance

technicians ....................................................... 15.59 12.6 39.1 15.59 12.6 39.1 – – –

Bookbinders ....................................................... 13.57 6.1 39.4 13.57 6.1 39.4 – – –

Electrical and electronic equipment assemblers 9.78 3.0 39.8 9.81 3.0 40.0 6.97 6.7 25.3

Miscellaneous precision workers, n.e.c. ............ 15.50 5.4 39.8 15.52 5.4 39.9 – – –

Precision food production .................................. 10.90 7.3 40.0 10.90 7.3 40.0 – – –

Butchers and meat cutters ................................. 10.20 3.5 38.5 10.30 3.7 39.6 – – –

Bakers ................................................................ 9.52 3.4 36.3 9.69 3.6 39.5 8.26 9.5 22.9

Food batchmakers ............................................. 10.48 5.2 38.7 10.46 5.1 39.8 – – –

Inspectors, testers, and graders ........................ 16.24 2.3 40.2 16.27 2.3 40.4 – – –

Precision inspectors, testers, and related

workers, n.e.c. ................................................. 19.04 6.6 40.0 19.04 6.6 40.0 – – –

Adjusters and calibrators ................................... 13.36 14.1 39.6 13.34 14.2 40.0 – – –

Water and sewer treatment plant operators ...... 14.85 6.1 37.1 15.68 3.2 40.0 – – –

Power plant operators ........................................ 22.16 2.1 39.6 22.16 2.1 39.6 – – –

Stationary engineers .......................................... 19.09 3.5 39.5 19.06 3.5 39.9 – – –

Miscellaneous plant and system operators,

n.e.c. ................................................................ 21.44 2.2 40.1 21.44 2.2 40.1 – – –

See footnotes at end of table.

22
Table 2-2. Private industry, selected occupations: Mean hourly earnings1 for full-time and part-time workers,2 National

Compensation Survey,3 1998–Continued

Occupation4

Total Full time Part time

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

Mean hours

Relative

error5

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error5

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error5

(percent)

Blue collar –Continued

Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors ..... $11.58 0.9 39.6 $11.63 0.9 39.9 $7.43 2.0 23.1

Lathe and turning machine set-up operators ..... 14.03 2.6 40.0 14.03 2.6 40.0 – – –

Lathe and turning machine operators ................ 12.83 6.3 39.9 12.83 6.3 39.9 – – –

Milling and planing machine operators .............. 13.38 6.9 40.0 13.38 6.9 40.0 – – –

Punching and stamping press operators ........... 12.08 3.0 39.8 12.10 3.0 40.0 – – –

Rolling machine operators ................................. 13.46 6.1 40.3 13.46 6.1 40.3 – – –

Drilling and boring machine operators ............... 11.38 12.2 40.0 11.38 12.2 40.0 – – –

Grinding, abrading, buffing, and polishing

machine operators ........................................... 11.58 2.9 39.9 11.59 2.9 40.0 – – –

Forging machine operators ................................ 12.86 4.5 39.9 12.86 4.5 39.9 – – –

Numerical control machine operators ................ 13.56 2.1 40.0 13.56 2.1 40.0 – – –

Fabricating machine operators, n.e.c. ............... 13.29 2.3 40.0 13.29 2.3 40.0 – – –

Molding and casting machine operators ............ 10.36 2.9 39.8 10.41 2.9 39.9 6.65 8.9 32.9

Metal plating machine operators ........................ 11.98 3.3 40.0 12.03 3.1 40.3 – – –

Heat treating equipment operators .................... 13.78 2.4 40.0 13.78 2.4 40.0 – – –

Wood lathe, routing, and planing machine

operators .......................................................... 10.60 11.3 37.1 10.63 11.7 39.7 – – –

Sawing machine operators ................................ 9.14 5.2 39.7 9.14 5.2 40.0 – – –

Shaping and jointing machine operators ........... 9.73 6.8 39.9 9.73 6.8 39.9 – – –

Nailing and tacking machine operators .............. 9.91 2.3 40.0 9.91 2.3 40.0 – – –

Printing press operators ..................................... 14.74 3.4 39.3 14.79 3.4 39.5 9.87 24.4 22.9

Photoengravers and lithographers ..................... 15.22 3.0 38.6 15.31 2.9 39.0 – – –

Typesetters and compositors ............................. 12.92 4.3 37.8 12.95 4.5 39.5 12.19 9.1 19.4

Winding and twisting machine operators ........... 11.01 7.3 39.9 11.02 7.3 39.9 – – –

Knitting, looping, taping, and weaving machine

operators .......................................................... 10.10 1.9 40.0 10.10 1.9 40.0 – – –

Textile cutting machine operators ...................... 8.94 5.4 40.0 8.94 5.4 40.0 – – –

Textile sewing machine operators ..................... 7.98 2.7 39.7 7.99 2.7 39.9 6.72 7.6 20.3

Shoe machine operators .................................... 9.11 8.6 39.9 9.11 8.6 39.9 – – –

Pressing machine operators .............................. 7.97 6.3 39.2 7.98 6.4 39.8 – – –

Laundering and dry cleaning machine operators 7.33 1.7 36.4 7.39 1.9 39.4 6.77 3.7 21.5

Cementing and gluing machine operators ......... 9.58 9.5 40.0 9.58 9.5 40.0 – – –

Packaging and filling machine operators ........... 10.55 4.3 39.4 10.56 4.4 40.0 9.67 5.8 21.2

Extruding and forming machine operators ......... 11.28 2.7 39.8 11.28 2.7 39.8 – – –

Mixing and blending machine operators ............ 13.28 2.8 39.9 13.27 2.8 40.0 – – –

Separating, filtering, and clarifying machine

operators .......................................................... 15.83 3.8 39.8 15.85 3.8 39.9 – – –

Compressing and compacting machine

operators .......................................................... 10.41 2.2 39.7 10.45 2.3 40.0 – – –

Painting and paint spraying machine operators 12.10 2.9 40.2 12.10 2.9 40.2 – – –

Roasting and baking machine operators, food .. 11.61 5.5 39.4 11.61 5.6 40.0 – – –

Washing, cleaning, and pickling machine

operators .......................................................... 10.91 9.4 36.5 10.98 9.5 40.2 – – –

Folding machine operators ................................ 11.34 4.0 39.7 11.38 3.9 39.8 – – –

Furnace, kiln, and oven operators, except food 13.53 4.7 39.9 13.53 4.7 40.0 – – –

Crushing and grinding machine operators ......... 11.89 5.7 39.9 11.89 5.7 39.9 – – –

Slicing and cutting machine operators ............... 12.65 3.6 39.9 12.72 3.6 40.0 – – –

Motion picture projectionists .............................. 13.07 9.6 25.9 – – – – – –

Photographic process machine operators ......... 10.42 2.9 37.9 10.65 2.8 39.9 7.51 7.3 23.2

Miscellaneous machine operators, n.e.c. .......... 11.95 2.6 39.7 11.99 2.6 39.9 7.60 8.0 26.8

Welders and cutters ........................................... 14.06 1.9 40.0 14.07 1.9 40.0 – – –

Solders and braziers .......................................... 9.04 8.3 40.0 9.06 8.4 40.0 – – –

Assemblers ........................................................ 11.63 2.6 39.3 11.73 2.6 39.9 6.79 2.1 23.1

Hand cutting and trimming ................................. 9.51 8.9 39.4 9.55 8.9 39.9 – – –

Hand molding, casting, and forming .................. 12.13 9.9 40.0 12.13 9.9 40.0 – – –

Hand painting, coating, and decorating ............. 10.17 5.7 38.5 10.19 5.8 40.0 – – –

Hand engraving and printing .............................. 8.91 3.5 40.0 8.91 3.5 40.0 – – –

Miscellaneous hand working, n.e.c. ................... 9.85 3.3 38.8 9.99 3.5 39.9 5.70 3.4 20.7

Production inspectors, checkers and examiners 11.11 2.6 39.8 11.12 2.6 40.0 8.54 7.4 27.3

Production testers .............................................. 11.73 3.4 39.8 11.75 3.4 40.0 – – –

Production samplers and weighers .................... 13.64 4.5 39.6 13.64 4.5 39.6 – – –

Graders and sorters, except agricultural ............ 9.19 6.4 39.9 9.21 6.4 40.0 – – –

See footnotes at end of table.

23
Table 2-2. Private industry, selected occupations: Mean hourly earnings1 for full-time and part-time workers,2 National

Compensation Survey,3 1998–Continued

Occupation4

Total Full time Part time

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

Mean hours

Relative

error5

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error5

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error5

(percent)

Blue collar –Continued

Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors

–Continued

Hand inspectors, n.e.c. ...................................... $9.27 7.5 39.9 $9.27 7.5 39.9 – – –

Transportation and material moving ......................... 13.77 1.2 38.9 14.12 1.2 41.4 $9.18 3.0 21.6

Supervisors, motor vehicle operators ................ 16.66 4.0 41.8 16.83 4.0 42.0 – – –

Truck drivers ...................................................... 13.96 1.2 41.5 14.07 1.3 43.0 11.21 4.4 22.1

Driver-sales workers .......................................... 14.23 4.2 37.6 15.07 3.5 41.5 6.58 8.9 20.5

Bus drivers ......................................................... 11.31 2.8 30.3 11.93 3.7 38.7 10.42 4.1 23.1

Taxicab drivers and chauffeurs .......................... 8.20 4.5 29.9 8.94 5.2 38.7 6.62 3.4 20.0

Parking lot attendants ........................................ 7.01 4.3 28.1 7.70 5.1 39.9 6.22 4.6 20.9

Motor transportation, n.e.c. ................................ 8.22 4.5 31.4 8.83 5.7 39.2 6.24 2.1 19.0

Railroad conductors and yardmasters ............... 26.82 4.4 40.2 26.82 4.4 40.2 – – –

Locomotive operating ........................................ 30.26 8.1 40.9 30.26 8.1 40.9 – – –

Railroad brake, signal and switch operators ...... 23.65 10.9 40.0 23.65 10.9 40.0 – – –

Rail vehicle operators, n.e.c. ............................. 22.32 3.9 40.0 22.32 3.9 40.0 – – –

Ship captains and mates, except fishing boats .. 16.04 3.9 48.0 16.14 3.9 49.2 – – –

Sailors and deckhands ...................................... 10.69 8.7 44.3 10.51 7.8 46.6 – – –

Supervisors, material moving equipment ........... 19.16 6.0 40.5 19.16 6.0 40.5 – – –

Operating engineers .......................................... 21.57 4.4 40.0 21.57 4.4 40.0 – – –

Longshore equipment operators ........................ 27.40 6.8 37.4 – – – – – –

Hoist and winch operators ................................. 12.94 5.5 40.9 12.94 5.5 40.9 – – –

Crane and tower operators ................................ 15.55 3.4 40.1 15.55 3.4 40.1 – – –

Excavating and loading machine operators ....... 14.74 5.1 40.1 14.74 5.1 40.1 – – –

Grader, dozer, and scrapper operators ............. 14.69 9.1 40.2 14.69 9.1 40.2 – – –

Industrial truck and tractor equipment operators 12.11 1.9 39.8 12.13 1.9 40.0 10.17 8.2 25.5

Miscellaneous material moving equipment

operators, n.e.c. ............................................... 14.66 3.5 37.5 15.01 3.6 40.0 10.15 1.8 20.6

Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and

laborers ....................................................................... 9.52 .7 35.7 9.93 .8 39.8 7.10 1.0 22.2

Nursery workers ................................................. 7.28 3.5 38.0 7.38 3.9 40.1 – – –

Supervisors, agriculture-related workers ........... 19.19 10.0 40.3 19.19 10.0 40.3 – – –

Groundskeepers and gardeners, except farm ... 8.45 3.9 38.8 8.49 4.3 39.9 7.39 4.8 22.5

Animal caretakers, except farm ......................... 9.74 11.3 36.9 10.05 11.6 39.8 – – –

Inspectors, agricultural products ........................ 7.84 6.1 37.4 8.09 8.8 40.0 – – –

Supervisors, handlers, equipment cleaners, and

laborers, n.e.c. ................................................. 14.37 2.7 39.8 14.41 2.8 40.3 – – –

Helpers, mechanics and repairers ..................... 11.40 5.8 39.3 11.50 5.7 40.1 7.49 8.3 21.7

Helpers, construction trades .............................. 10.38 4.1 39.2 10.42 4.1 39.7 8.14 16.3 24.0

Helpers, extractive ............................................. 15.17 11.8 38.7 – – – – – –

Construction laborers ......................................... 11.37 3.4 39.5 11.49 3.4 39.9 7.04 8.6 29.8

Production helpers ............................................. 9.75 3.5 39.1 9.82 3.5 39.8 6.69 3.8 22.4

Garbage collectors ............................................. 9.26 8.1 39.6 9.25 9.1 40.3 – – –

Stevedores ......................................................... 18.90 3.8 39.2 18.89 3.8 39.2 – – –

Stock handlers and baggers .............................. 8.63 1.4 29.8 9.97 1.7 39.6 6.49 1.2 21.4

Machine feeders and offbearers ........................ 9.38 2.6 39.3 9.39 2.6 39.8 8.48 10.2 21.7

Freight, stock, and material handlers, n.e.c. ...... 10.49 2.1 35.4 10.70 2.4 39.8 9.37 2.1 22.2

Garage and service station related .................... 7.90 6.8 34.2 8.35 5.9 38.9 6.05 4.2 22.9

Vehicle washers and equipment cleaners ......... 8.81 3.2 37.4 8.96 3.5 40.0 6.95 5.2 20.7

Hand packers and packagers ............................ 8.49 1.7 37.9 8.63 1.8 39.8 6.96 1.8 24.8

Laborers, except construction, n.e.c. ................. 9.39 1.4 37.8 9.63 1.4 39.8 6.88 3.5 24.6

Service .............................................................................. 7.85 .6 31.8 8.37 .7 38.6 6.34 .7 21.0

Protective service .................................................. 8.74 1.7 35.0 8.95 1.8 39.4 7.71 1.6 22.8

Supervisors, guards ........................................... 13.42 5.3 38.7 13.59 5.4 39.6 – – –

Police and detectives, public service ................. 10.30 13.9 32.5 – – – – – –

Guards and police, except public service .......... 8.43 1.9 35.2 8.57 2.1 39.4 7.75 1.7 23.5

Protective service, n.e.c. .................................... 8.76 8.6 24.4 10.55 13.0 39.0 6.55 2.2 16.7

Food service .......................................................... 6.54 .8 30.1 7.12 1.0 38.8 5.46 .8 21.2

Supervisors, food preparation and service ........ 11.40 1.8 38.7 11.83 1.7 41.4 7.40 3.4 24.2

See footnotes at end of table.

24
Table 2-2. Private industry, selected occupations: Mean hourly earnings1 for full-time and part-time workers,2 National

Compensation Survey,3 1998–Continued

Occupation4

Total Full time Part time

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

Mean hours

Relative

error5

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error5

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error5

(percent)

Service –Continued

Food service –Continued

Bartenders ......................................................... $6.31 2.6 29.5 $6.71 3.4 37.5 $5.76 3.1 22.6

Waiters and waitresses ...................................... 4.16 3.4 28.8 4.37 3.5 38.1 3.83 2.6 20.8

Cooks ................................................................. 8.56 1.2 34.4 8.87 1.3 38.8 7.21 1.9 22.9

Food counter, fountain, and related ................... 6.06 1.3 25.9 6.40 2.4 37.3 5.82 1.3 21.2

Kitchen workers, food preparation ..................... 7.49 1.3 30.1 8.02 1.7 39.0 6.68 1.3 22.3

Waiters’/Waitresses’ assistants ......................... 5.64 2.2 27.7 6.10 3.1 38.0 5.01 2.4 20.1

Food preparation, n.e.c. ..................................... 6.56 .8 30.2 6.87 2.1 39.0 5.95 .8 20.8

Health service ........................................................ 8.37 .8 33.1 8.44 .8 38.7 8.08 1.1 20.7

Dental assistants ............................................... 10.46 4.2 35.1 10.37 4.4 40.0 – – –

Health aides, except nursing ............................. 9.33 1.6 32.5 9.58 1.7 38.8 8.25 2.8 18.8

Nursing aides, orderlies and attendants ............ 8.13 .8 33.2 8.15 .9 38.6 8.04 1.3 21.2

Cleaning and building service ................................ 8.34 1.1 34.0 8.72 1.3 39.2 6.69 1.1 21.4

Supervisors, cleaning and building service

workers ............................................................ 10.04 9.5 39.6 10.11 10.0 40.0 7.68 5.1 28.7

Maids and housemen ........................................ 7.49 2.0 34.8 7.57 2.2 38.6 6.96 2.3 21.1

Janitors and cleaners ......................................... 8.34 1.5 32.8 8.87 1.6 39.4 6.60 1.1 21.3

Pest control ........................................................ 12.73 9.3 40.0 12.73 9.3 40.0 – – –

Personal service .................................................... 9.22 2.4 30.0 10.10 3.0 36.9 6.71 4.2 19.6

Supervisors, personal service ............................ – – – – – – 8.63 9.5 23.1

Hairdressers and cosmetologists ....................... – – – – – – 8.27 5.5 20.6

Attendants, amusement, and recreation

facilities ............................................................ 6.03 4.6 30.9 6.26 4.3 39.5 5.51 5.0 20.4

Guides ............................................................... 9.02 3.9 31.5 9.40 3.5 38.0 7.78 9.0 20.0

Ushers ............................................................... 6.56 5.2 19.9 – – – 6.21 4.0 16.8

Public transportation attendants ........................ 26.41 6.2 20.3 27.13 5.6 20.6 16.49 22.0 17.0

Baggage porters and bellhops ........................... 7.19 6.4 35.6 7.04 7.0 39.4 8.03 7.2 23.3

Welfare service aides ........................................ 7.12 5.2 27.0 8.04 4.7 39.4 6.20 5.7 20.5

Early childhood teachers’ assistants .................. 7.07 2.1 27.0 7.48 2.9 37.8 6.50 2.6 19.2

Child care workers, n.e.c. .................................. 7.93 2.1 28.6 8.36 3.1 39.6 7.10 2.1 18.6

Service, n.e.c. .................................................... 7.09 11.5 31.8 6.97 14.1 39.2 7.56 6.0 18.7

1 Earnings are the straight-time hourly wages or salaries paid to employees. They

include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard pay. Excluded are premium

pay for overtime, vacations, and holidays; nonproduction bonuses; and tips. The mean is

computed by totaling the pay of all workers and dividing by the number of workers,

weighted by hours. 2 All workers include full-time and part-time workers. Employees are classified as

working either a full-time or a part-time schedule based on the definition used by each

establishment. Therefore, a worker with a 35-hour-per-week schedule might be considered

a full-time employee in one establishment, but classified as part-time in another firm, where

a 40-hour week is the minimum full-time schedule. 3 This survey covers all 50 States. Collection was conducted between July 1997 and

April 1999. The average reference period was August 1998. 4 A classification system including about 480 individual occupations is used to cover all

workers in the civilian economy. For more information, see appendix B. 5 The relative standard error (RSE) is the standard error expressed as a percent of the

estimate. It can be used to calculate a "confidence interval" around a sample estimate. For

more information about RSEs, see appendix A.

NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or that data did not meet publication

criteria, and n.e.c. means "not elsewhere classified." Overall occupational groups may

include data for categories not shown separately. 

25
Table 2-3. State and local government, selected occupations: Mean hourly earnings1 and weekly hours for full-time and part-time

workers,2 National Compensation Survey,3 1998

Occupation4

Total Full time Part time

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

Mean hours

Relative

error5

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error5

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error5

(percent)

All .......................................................................................... $18.59 0.6 36.6 $18.97 0.7 38.9 $12.94 2.2 19.3

All excluding sales ......................................................... 18.61 .6 36.6 18.99 .7 38.9 12.97 2.2 19.3

White collar ...................................................................... 20.96 .5 36.4 21.26 .5 38.4 15.73 2.4 19.1

White collar excluding sales ...................................... 21.00 .5 36.4 21.30 .5 38.4 15.84 2.4 19.1

Professional specialty and technical ......................... 24.85 .6 35.9 25.12 .6 37.9 20.04 2.3 18.2

Professional specialty ................................................ 26.03 .6 35.7 26.29 .6 37.7 21.04 2.2 17.5

Engineers, architects, and surveyors ..................... 25.43 1.7 39.5 25.46 1.8 39.5 – – –

Architects ........................................................... 26.05 4.0 39.3 26.05 4.0 39.3 – – –

Civil engineers ................................................... 26.36 2.5 39.3 26.41 2.5 39.3 – – –

Electrical and electronic engineers .................... 26.81 4.4 40.0 26.81 4.4 40.0 – – –

Industrial engineers ........................................... 19.64 3.4 39.7 19.64 3.4 39.7 – – –

Mechanical engineers ........................................ 25.24 8.2 36.9 25.24 8.2 36.9 – – –

Engineers, n.e.c. ................................................ 23.96 4.9 40.2 23.96 4.9 40.2 – – –

Surveyors and mapping scientists ..................... 19.39 6.4 38.5 19.60 6.4 39.2 – – –

Mathematical and computer scientists ................... 21.52 2.8 39.7 21.52 2.8 39.8 – – –

Computer systems analysts and scientists ........ 21.64 2.9 39.7 21.63 2.9 39.8 – – –

Operations and systems researchers and

analysts ............................................................ 19.98 19.0 38.8 20.07 19.2 39.2 – – –

Natural scientists ................................................... 20.70 2.6 39.6 20.66 2.6 39.8 – – –

Chemists, except biochemists ........................... 23.83 4.9 40.3 23.83 4.9 40.3 – – –

Geologists and geodesists ................................. 24.03 17.3 40.0 24.03 17.3 40.0 – – –

Physical scientists, n.e.c. ................................... 20.92 4.1 39.7 20.92 4.1 39.7 – – –

Agricultural and food scientists .......................... 21.33 12.9 40.0 21.33 12.9 40.0 – – –

Biological and life scientists ............................... 18.33 6.6 39.3 18.37 6.7 39.5 – – –

Forestry and conservation scientists ................. 20.03 8.7 39.8 20.03 8.7 39.8 – – –

Medical scientists ............................................... 21.39 6.6 39.3 21.17 6.7 40.0 – – –

Health related ........................................................ 21.99 1.7 36.9 21.86 1.7 39.7 22.90 4.4 24.6

Physicians .......................................................... 28.22 11.0 42.9 27.49 11.5 44.7 47.83 17.0 20.6

Registered nurses .............................................. 20.95 1.4 36.1 20.73 1.2 39.1 22.46 4.5 23.7

Pharmacists ....................................................... 25.16 6.7 37.1 26.92 4.8 39.7 20.94 4.3 32.0

Dietitians ............................................................ 16.42 3.7 38.7 16.35 3.8 39.6 – – –

Respiratory therapists ........................................ 17.19 3.3 34.4 17.94 2.7 39.1 15.33 1.1 26.5

Occupational therapists ..................................... 22.97 4.9 33.9 22.33 5.5 38.6 27.40 11.3 18.4

Physical therapists ............................................. 24.04 6.3 35.9 25.93 5.5 38.7 20.76 3.6 31.8

Speech therapists .............................................. 23.69 11.2 35.4 23.60 11.9 37.3 25.13 8.7 19.6

Therapists, n.e.c. ............................................... 17.22 7.2 38.0 16.82 7.1 39.4 21.52 11.6 27.3

Teachers, college and university ........................... 32.87 1.7 34.1 33.17 1.7 39.6 29.59 6.1 13.8

Earth, environmental, and marine science

teachers ........................................................... 34.84 15.3 34.9 34.76 15.7 36.3 – – –

Biological science teachers ............................... 32.73 10.8 37.1 32.73 11.0 40.3 – – –

Chemistry teachers ............................................ 29.18 4.0 41.5 29.21 4.0 43.2 – – –

Physics teachers ................................................ 43.51 12.1 37.6 43.51 12.1 37.6 – – –

Natural science teachers, n.e.c. ........................ 39.73 7.7 39.6 39.73 7.7 39.6 – – –

Psychology teachers .......................................... 29.74 7.1 35.9 29.95 7.5 39.9 – – –

History teachers ................................................. 33.34 8.0 35.0 33.74 8.4 39.6 – – –

Political science teachers .................................. 32.20 7.8 38.0 32.21 7.9 39.7 – – –

Sociology teachers ............................................ 36.83 9.2 36.3 37.29 9.2 39.5 – – –

Social science teachers, n.e.c. .......................... 32.15 8.9 38.6 32.26 9.0 39.5 – – –

Engineering teachers ......................................... 38.92 15.6 39.3 39.19 16.1 41.3 32.42 29.0 18.3

Mathematical science teachers ......................... 32.52 7.9 32.5 33.23 8.6 39.2 25.91 10.6 12.6

Computer science teachers ............................... 25.13 13.0 30.8 31.11 10.2 38.1 20.30 1.7 26.7

Medical science teachers .................................. 43.27 9.5 37.2 39.31 11.0 45.8 72.65 9.8 15.6

Health specialities teachers ............................... 35.14 10.2 35.6 35.41 10.2 37.3 23.28 16.5 11.9

Business, commerce, and marketing teachers .. 33.16 6.0 37.0 33.35 6.4 40.2 26.65 12.7 10.0

Agriculture and forestry teachers ....................... 42.82 26.4 35.5 42.82 26.4 35.5 – – –

Art, drama, and music teachers ......................... 29.20 4.1 34.9 29.61 4.2 39.5 21.58 9.8 10.9

Physical education teachers .............................. 25.00 14.8 31.2 24.77 16.1 40.7 28.13 14.5 7.5

Education teachers ............................................ 32.35 7.6 39.2 32.92 7.3 41.4 – – –

English teachers ................................................ 32.99 4.8 33.2 33.25 5.0 38.2 28.94 7.0 10.8

Foreign language teachers ................................ 23.27 18.4 33.5 22.81 21.8 42.2 25.28 20.0 17.5

Theology teachers ............................................. 36.25 3.8 40.8 35.60 2.6 40.9 – – –

Trade and industrial teachers ............................ 28.19 2.3 32.3 28.63 2.3 37.8 21.10 9.8 9.8

Teachers, post secondary, subject not specified 33.50 9.0 31.7 34.36 9.6 39.4 22.98 7.9 9.3

See footnotes at end of table.

26
Table 2-3. State and local government, selected occupations: Mean hourly earnings1 and weekly hours for full-time and part-time

workers,2 National Compensation Survey,3 1998–Continued

Occupation4

Total Full time Part time

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

Mean hours

Relative

error5

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error5

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error5

(percent)

White collar –Continued

Professional specialty and technical –Continued

Professional specialty –Continued

Teachers, college and university –Continued

Teachers, post secondary, n.e.c. ....................... $30.50 1.5 31.4 $30.81 1.5 38.5 $27.97 6.1 12.5

Teachers, except college and university ................ 27.68 .8 34.8 28.08 .8 36.5 17.29 4.1 15.7

Prekindergarten and kindergarten ..................... 26.35 2.7 35.0 26.48 2.8 36.8 23.29 7.8 15.5

Elementary school teachers .............................. 28.01 1.0 36.1 28.02 1.0 36.5 26.77 8.7 18.9

Secondary school teachers ............................... 28.12 1.3 36.7 28.10 1.3 37.0 30.29 5.0 23.0

Teachers, special education .............................. 28.96 1.9 35.5 29.04 1.9 35.8 24.12 17.5 23.5

Teachers, n.e.c. ................................................. 28.22 2.7 32.4 28.82 2.8 36.0 19.66 9.7 13.2

Substitute teachers ............................................ 10.02 3.6 16.2 10.88 9.6 33.6 9.86 3.9 14.8

Vocational and educational counselors ............. 27.34 3.9 36.4 27.48 4.0 37.4 23.61 13.5 21.8

Librarians, archivists, and curators ........................ 21.56 2.9 37.1 21.86 2.9 38.5 17.79 5.0 25.0

Librarians ........................................................... 21.95 3.0 37.0 22.30 3.0 38.5 17.73 5.1 25.2

Archivists and curators ...................................... 16.77 5.6 37.9 16.67 5.8 39.1 – – –

Social scientists and urban planners ..................... 24.27 4.7 37.5 24.34 4.8 38.6 21.30 8.6 16.9

Economists ........................................................ 20.77 7.2 40.0 20.77 7.2 40.0 – – –

Psychologists ..................................................... 27.38 5.4 37.0 27.59 5.5 38.0 21.50 8.9 21.2

Social scientists, n.e.c. ...................................... 13.51 11.0 39.9 13.51 11.0 39.9 – – –

Urban planners .................................................. 22.33 3.4 36.7 22.37 3.4 39.5 – – –

Social, recreation, and religious workers ............... 16.73 1.6 37.9 16.80 1.7 39.1 14.58 5.4 19.5

Social workers ................................................... 16.88 1.7 38.4 16.91 1.8 39.1 15.78 6.7 22.2

Recreation workers ............................................ 14.34 4.9 31.3 14.83 5.2 39.2 11.70 8.5 14.9

Lawyers and judges ............................................... 31.00 3.3 36.3 31.23 3.4 39.1 26.75 11.4 15.6

Lawyers ............................................................. 29.55 3.0 36.5 29.68 3.1 39.1 27.17 12.5 16.4

Judges ............................................................... 42.07 7.1 34.7 43.16 6.5 39.6 23.83 25.6 11.3

Writers, authors, entertainers, athletes, and

professionals, n.e.c. ............................................. 21.56 4.7 34.1 21.88 5.1 39.6 19.19 13.7 16.9

Designers ........................................................... 15.97 8.7 36.8 16.55 7.9 39.9 – – –

Musicians and composers ................................. 14.89 9.0 18.0 – – – – – –

Painters, sculptors, craft artists, and artist

printmakers ...................................................... 18.17 11.0 39.6 18.17 11.0 39.6 – – –

Artists, performers, and related workers, n.e.c. 15.41 2.7 27.3 14.61 1.1 38.0 16.74 5.1 18.7

Editors and reporters ......................................... 18.90 5.2 38.3 19.18 5.0 39.3 – – –

Public relations specialists ................................. 19.16 4.9 34.4 19.47 5.0 39.0 – – –

Athletes .............................................................. 25.25 17.8 26.5 – – – 12.15 11.6 13.8

Professional, n.e.c. ............................................ 23.78 6.5 37.2 23.23 6.0 39.9 28.08 19.4 24.0

Technical ................................................................... 15.02 1.2 37.5 15.06 1.4 39.6 14.60 6.5 22.8

Clinical laboratory technologists and

technicians ....................................................... 15.02 5.4 38.5 15.01 5.6 39.6 15.51 5.5 22.3

Health record technologists and technicians ..... 13.00 7.7 33.6 11.71 7.6 39.5 16.93 5.4 23.2

Radiological technicians .................................... 16.38 7.2 32.2 15.14 4.0 39.6 21.37 13.9 18.5

Licensed practical nurses .................................. 12.77 2.0 37.3 12.69 2.2 39.7 13.67 4.9 22.2

Health technologists and technicians, n.e.c. ...... 13.57 2.3 36.9 13.82 2.2 39.8 11.09 8.5 21.1

Electrical and electronic technicians .................. 14.75 14.6 38.6 14.83 15.0 39.7 – – –

Engineering technicians, n.e.c. .......................... 16.82 3.4 38.7 16.54 3.2 39.4 – – –

Drafters .............................................................. 18.32 4.6 39.3 18.42 4.8 40.0 – – –

Surveying and mapping technicians .................. 16.08 6.2 39.2 16.08 6.2 39.2 – – –

Biological technicians ........................................ 12.60 4.3 34.0 13.25 3.7 39.8 9.44 4.1 19.9

Chemical technicians ......................................... 19.37 5.0 38.1 19.91 4.1 40.0 – – –

Science technicians, n.e.c. ................................ 15.57 4.3 38.0 15.56 4.4 38.8 – – –

Broadcast equipment operators ......................... 17.04 8.8 37.0 17.35 7.7 39.3 – – –

Computer programmers ..................................... 19.51 4.0 39.7 19.51 4.0 39.9 – – –

Legal assistants ................................................. 15.40 5.2 39.2 15.66 4.7 39.5 – – –

Technical and related, n.e.c. .............................. 16.12 4.5 36.9 16.27 4.7 39.2 14.48 6.7 22.5

Executive, administrative, and managerial ............... 24.99 1.1 38.6 25.04 1.1 39.4 20.62 7.3 13.3

Executives, administrators, and managers ............ 29.05 1.2 38.5 29.14 1.3 39.6 21.58 10.5 11.0

Legislators ......................................................... 15.09 13.3 13.2 12.98 16.9 33.8 17.90 21.2 7.3

Chief executives and general administrators,

public administration ........................................ 38.28 5.1 39.6 38.27 5.1 39.6 – – –

See footnotes at end of table.

27
Table 2-3. State and local government, selected occupations: Mean hourly earnings1 and weekly hours for full-time and part-time

workers,2 National Compensation Survey,3 1998–Continued

Occupation4

Total Full time Part time

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

Mean hours

Relative

error5

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error5

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error5

(percent)

White collar –Continued

Executive, administrative, and managerial

–Continued

Executives, administrators, and managers

–Continued

Administrators and officials, public

administration .................................................. $25.83 1.7 39.1 $25.84 1.7 39.7 $24.92 18.3 12.7

Financial managers ........................................... 33.58 3.6 39.9 33.61 3.6 40.0 – – –

Personnel and labor relations managers ........... 30.72 5.7 39.6 30.72 5.7 39.6 – – –

Purchasing managers ........................................ 25.28 11.3 39.8 25.28 11.3 39.8 – – –

Managers, marketing, advertising, and public

relations ........................................................... 22.56 11.1 39.5 22.56 11.1 39.5 – – –

Administrators, education and related fields ...... 33.81 1.8 39.2 33.82 1.8 39.4 31.40 15.1 20.1

Managers, medicine and health ......................... 27.24 7.8 39.6 27.24 7.8 39.6 – – –

Managers, food servicing and lodging

establishments ................................................. 17.25 6.9 38.8 17.26 7.1 39.2 – – –

Managers, properties and real estate ................ 22.17 6.0 39.2 22.17 6.0 39.2 – – –

Managers, service organizations, n.e.c. ............ 20.54 4.3 38.3 20.91 4.2 39.3 – – –

Managers and administrators, n.e.c. ................. 28.24 4.5 39.3 28.26 4.5 39.9 – – –

Management related .............................................. 19.21 1.5 38.8 19.21 1.5 39.3 19.27 8.7 19.2

Accountants and auditors .................................. 18.37 3.6 39.0 18.35 3.6 39.3 – – –

Other financial officers ....................................... 22.30 6.7 38.0 22.30 6.7 38.2 – – –

Management analysts ........................................ 20.27 2.9 39.3 20.01 2.8 39.6 – – –

Personnel, training, and labor relations

specialists ........................................................ 18.72 2.8 39.3 18.69 2.8 39.5 21.53 9.8 26.9

Buyers, wholesale and retail trade, except farm

products ........................................................... 22.29 7.1 39.6 22.29 7.1 39.6 – – –

Purchasing agents and buyers, n.e.c. ............... 15.38 3.3 39.9 15.38 3.3 39.9 – – –

Construction inspectors ..................................... 19.81 4.0 39.0 19.77 4.0 39.6 – – –

Inspectors and compliance officers, except

construction ..................................................... 17.78 4.2 38.5 17.80 4.2 38.9 – – –

Management related, n.e.c. ............................... 20.81 2.6 38.5 20.92 2.6 39.2 14.65 12.5 19.5

Sales ............................................................................. 12.10 4.8 32.2 12.49 4.9 37.8 10.55 14.7 20.2

Supervisors, sales ............................................. 16.52 11.6 32.3 15.25 7.1 39.9 – – –

Real estate sales ............................................... 18.69 11.5 35.9 19.04 11.7 38.6 – – –

Sales workers, other commodities ..................... 9.05 9.5 30.6 9.54 11.2 39.1 – – –

Cashiers ............................................................. 10.53 5.9 31.5 11.03 7.1 36.8 8.90 5.4 21.5

Administrative support, including clerical ................ 12.01 .7 36.3 12.16 .7 38.7 10.19 2.5 21.0

Supervisors, general office ................................ 16.01 1.8 39.2 16.01 1.8 39.2 – – –

Supervisors, computer equipment operators ..... 22.36 3.9 39.1 22.36 3.9 39.1 – – –

Supervisors, financial records processing ......... 16.67 4.8 38.3 16.67 4.8 38.3 – – –

Chief communications operators ....................... 15.30 7.8 40.0 15.30 7.8 40.0 – – –

Supervisors, distribution, scheduling, and

adjusting clerks ................................................ 17.00 9.9 38.7 17.00 9.9 38.7 – – –

Computer operators ........................................... 12.96 3.9 38.7 13.04 3.7 39.5 – – –

Secretaries ......................................................... 12.66 1.2 38.3 12.72 1.2 39.1 10.32 3.8 21.6

Stenographers ................................................... 16.30 4.6 35.4 16.28 4.8 38.5 – – –

Typists ............................................................... 11.66 1.7 37.2 11.69 1.8 38.5 10.70 5.1 19.2

Interviewers ....................................................... 10.40 4.4 38.0 10.26 4.7 39.7 12.24 5.4 23.9

Receptionists ..................................................... 9.60 4.3 34.9 9.80 4.7 39.2 7.98 5.2 18.3

Information clerks, n.e.c. .................................... 12.14 4.7 36.6 12.12 5.2 39.5 12.25 12.1 20.8

Order clerks ....................................................... 15.57 5.6 38.8 15.73 5.5 40.0 – – –

Personnel clerks, except payroll and

timekeeping ..................................................... 13.18 5.2 35.2 13.70 5.5 39.3 – – –

Library clerks ..................................................... 10.20 2.3 29.5 10.68 3.1 38.2 8.99 3.2 18.8

File clerks ........................................................... 9.95 5.8 37.4 10.08 6.0 39.1 – – –

Records clerks, n.e.c. ........................................ 11.30 2.9 38.0 11.27 3.0 39.3 11.82 7.0 23.8

Bookkeepers, accounting and auditing clerks ... 12.50 1.7 38.7 12.52 1.7 39.1 11.48 5.5 24.4

Payroll and timekeeping clerks .......................... 13.67 4.1 38.1 13.68 4.1 39.1 – – –

Billing clerks ....................................................... 11.43 6.6 37.0 11.52 6.9 40.0 – – –

Duplicating machine operators .......................... 9.01 6.8 39.6 9.00 6.8 39.9 – – –

See footnotes at end of table.

28
Table 2-3. State and local government, selected occupations: Mean hourly earnings1 and weekly hours for full-time and part-time

workers,2 National Compensation Survey,3 1998–Continued

Occupation4

Total Full time Part time

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

Mean hours

Relative

error5

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error5

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error5

(percent)

White collar –Continued

Administrative support, including clerical

–Continued

Telephone operators .......................................... $10.54 6.9 37.3 $10.56 7.2 39.3 – – –

Communications equipment operators, n.e.c. ... 11.45 3.2 32.9 – – – – – –

Mail clerks, except postal service ...................... 8.36 9.8 39.1 8.39 10.0 39.8 – – –

Messengers ....................................................... 9.76 9.3 35.7 9.98 9.0 38.0 – – –

Dispatchers ........................................................ 13.27 4.6 38.4 13.38 4.7 40.0 $10.67 10.6 20.3

Production coordinators ..................................... 16.84 9.4 39.8 16.84 9.4 39.8 – – –

Traffic, shipping and receiving clerks ................. 13.37 3.5 38.7 13.37 3.5 38.7 – – –

Stock and inventory clerks ................................. 11.62 3.7 39.2 11.67 3.8 39.5 9.93 8.1 31.8

Meter readers .................................................... 13.45 5.0 38.9 13.54 5.2 40.0 – – –

Material recording, scheduling, and distribution

clerks, n.e.c. ..................................................... 14.06 6.3 40.0 14.06 6.3 40.0 – – –

Insurance adjusters, examiners, and

investigators ..................................................... 14.32 6.4 40.0 14.32 6.4 40.0 – – –

Investigators and adjusters, except insurance ... 14.89 5.1 38.3 15.11 5.2 39.8 – – –

Eligibility clerks, social welfare ........................... 13.61 2.1 38.5 13.68 2.1 38.8 9.96 7.7 27.1

Bill and account collectors ................................. 12.96 4.1 39.6 12.96 4.1 39.6 – – –

General office clerks .......................................... 11.46 1.3 37.1 11.63 1.2 39.2 9.05 6.0 21.5

Data entry keyers ............................................... 11.20 3.3 38.8 11.24 3.3 39.3 – – –

Statistical clerks ................................................. 10.34 4.0 38.8 10.39 4.1 39.8 – – –

Teachers’ aides ................................................. 9.60 1.8 30.5 9.25 1.7 35.4 10.63 4.0 21.6

Administrative support, n.e.c. ............................ 12.50 1.7 36.6 12.67 1.8 39.0 10.19 7.0 19.7

Blue collar ........................................................................ 14.44 1.1 37.5 14.66 1.2 39.4 10.89 2.0 21.1

Precision production, craft, and repair ...................... 16.39 1.5 39.8 16.40 1.5 39.8 11.73 9.8 18.3

Supervisors, mechanics and repairers .............. 19.75 3.7 39.9 19.75 3.7 39.9 – – –

Automobile mechanics ....................................... 17.62 8.1 39.8 17.62 8.1 39.8 – – –

Bus, truck, and stationary engine mechanics .... 16.50 4.0 40.0 16.50 4.0 40.0 – – –

Small engine repairs .......................................... 12.42 6.8 40.0 12.42 6.8 40.0 – – –

Heavy equipment mechanics ............................. 16.36 5.4 40.0 16.36 5.4 40.0 – – –

Industrial machinery repairers ........................... 17.88 6.5 40.0 17.88 6.5 40.0 – – –

Machinery maintenance ..................................... 14.66 8.2 38.4 14.69 8.2 38.5 – – –

Electronic repairers, communications and

industrial equipment ......................................... 17.53 5.2 39.3 17.63 5.2 40.0 – – –

Data processing equipment repairers ................ 15.78 4.2 40.0 15.78 4.2 40.0 – – –

Heating, air conditioning, and refrigeration

mechanics ........................................................ 14.97 3.4 39.6 14.96 3.4 39.9 – – –

Mechanical controls and valve repairers ........... 17.35 4.5 38.3 17.70 4.1 40.0 – – –

Mechanics and repairers, n.e.c. ......................... 14.26 2.6 39.7 14.28 2.6 39.8 – – –

Supervisors, electricians and power

transmission installers ..................................... 23.39 13.0 40.0 23.39 13.0 40.0 – – –

Supervisors, plumbers, pipefitters, and

steamfitters ...................................................... 22.44 12.2 39.8 22.44 12.2 39.8 – – –

Supervisors, construction trades, n.e.c. ............. 16.76 6.3 39.9 16.76 6.3 39.9 – – –

Carpenters ......................................................... 17.35 5.7 39.4 17.36 5.7 39.5 – – –

Electricians ........................................................ 17.60 3.7 39.9 17.60 3.7 39.9 – – –

Electrician apprentices ....................................... 17.81 4.7 40.0 17.81 4.7 40.0 – – –

Electrical power installers and repairers ............ 19.92 2.8 40.0 19.92 2.8 40.0 – – –

Painters, construction and maintenance ............ 16.50 5.7 39.4 16.50 5.7 39.4 – – –

Plumbers, pipefitters and steamfitters ............... 16.98 4.7 39.7 16.98 4.7 39.7 – – –

Plumber, pipefitter, and steamfitter apprentices 15.80 4.7 40.0 15.80 4.7 40.0 – – –

Concrete and terrazzo finishers ......................... 15.55 10.5 40.0 15.55 10.5 40.0 – – –

Paving, surfacing, and tamping equipment

operators .......................................................... 12.87 1.7 40.0 12.87 1.7 40.0 – – –

Construction trades, n.e.c. ................................. 13.00 3.9 39.7 12.99 3.9 39.8 – – –

Supervisors, production ..................................... 17.99 10.3 40.0 17.99 10.3 40.0 – – –

Machinists .......................................................... 20.08 7.1 40.0 20.08 7.1 40.0 – – –

Inspectors, testers, and graders ........................ 18.23 4.5 39.6 18.24 4.5 39.7 – – –

Water and sewer treatment plant operators ...... 15.68 3.1 39.9 15.69 3.1 40.0 – – –

Power plant operators ........................................ 21.40 4.5 39.8 21.40 4.5 39.8 – – –

See footnotes at end of table.

29
Table 2-3. State and local government, selected occupations: Mean hourly earnings1 and weekly hours for full-time and part-time

workers,2 National Compensation Survey,3 1998–Continued

Occupation4

Total Full time Part time

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

Mean hours

Relative

error5

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error5

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error5

(percent)

Blue collar –Continued

Precision production, craft, and repair –Continued

Stationary engineers .......................................... $18.89 6.6 39.7 $18.89 6.6 39.7 – – –

Miscellaneous plant and system operators,

n.e.c. ................................................................ 14.38 5.2 40.0 14.38 5.2 40.0 – – –

Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors ..... 13.50 6.6 38.3 13.62 6.7 39.6 $9.95 7.0 19.3

Printing press operators ..................................... 11.94 4.3 37.9 12.00 4.5 39.8 – – –

Laundering and dry cleaning machine operators 8.67 6.2 37.5 8.58 6.5 39.8 10.47 7.7 17.2

Furnace, kiln, and oven operators, except food 15.67 3.6 39.5 15.67 3.6 39.5 – – –

Miscellaneous machine operators, n.e.c. .......... 14.71 12.5 38.8 14.73 12.6 39.2 – – –

Welders and cutters ........................................... 18.88 7.5 40.0 18.88 7.5 40.0 – – –

Transportation and material moving ......................... 13.52 1.7 33.8 13.87 1.9 38.3 11.62 2.2 20.8

Supervisors, motor vehicle operators ................ 16.11 12.5 39.9 16.11 12.5 39.9 – – –

Truck drivers ...................................................... 13.55 3.8 39.4 13.64 3.8 39.9 8.82 7.2 23.5

Bus drivers ......................................................... 13.44 1.7 28.5 14.39 2.0 35.6 11.65 2.2 20.7

Taxicab drivers and chauffeurs .......................... 9.55 19.8 31.6 7.48 11.0 38.9 – – –

Motor transportation, n.e.c. ................................ 14.13 5.4 39.2 14.16 5.4 39.4 – – –

Locomotive operating ........................................ 19.46 3.3 39.9 19.49 3.3 40.0 – – –

Ship captains and mates, except fishing boats .. 21.56 10.2 40.0 21.56 10.2 40.0 – – –

Bridge, lock and lighthouse tenders ................... 11.16 2.1 40.0 – – – – – –

Supervisors, material moving equipment ........... 14.40 10.4 39.3 14.40 10.4 39.3 – – –

Operating engineers .......................................... 13.42 7.8 40.0 13.42 7.8 40.0 – – –

Excavating and loading machine operators ....... 12.68 8.9 40.0 12.68 8.9 40.0 – – –

Grader, dozer, and scrapper operators ............. 12.63 8.5 39.9 12.63 8.5 39.9 – – –

Industrial truck and tractor equipment operators 11.00 3.7 40.0 11.00 3.7 40.0 – – –

Miscellaneous material moving equipment

operators, n.e.c. ............................................... 12.99 3.8 39.1 13.01 3.8 39.4 – – –

Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and

laborers ....................................................................... 11.84 2.0 38.4 12.05 2.1 39.8 7.98 4.1 22.7

Supervisors, agriculture-related workers ........... 16.57 4.1 39.7 16.65 4.1 40.0 – – –

Groundskeepers and gardeners, except farm ... 11.29 2.9 37.7 11.64 3.1 39.7 7.74 5.3 25.1

Animal caretakers, except farm ......................... 10.68 11.0 39.5 10.68 11.0 39.5 – – –

Supervisors, handlers, equipment cleaners, and

laborers, n.e.c. ................................................. 15.63 4.7 40.0 15.63 4.7 40.0 – – –

Helpers, mechanics and repairers ..................... 12.80 6.0 38.5 12.87 6.1 39.6 – – –

Helpers, construction trades .............................. 11.16 5.1 40.0 11.17 5.1 40.0 – – –

Construction laborers ......................................... 11.19 4.0 38.9 11.31 4.1 39.7 8.05 2.3 25.5

Production helpers ............................................. 10.44 8.4 23.8 11.10 13.0 40.0 – – –

Garbage collectors ............................................. 13.63 11.2 39.6 13.79 10.9 39.9 – – –

Stock handlers and baggers .............................. 10.80 4.9 38.2 11.01 4.9 40.0 – – –

Freight, stock, and material handlers, n.e.c. ...... 11.11 9.0 39.1 11.16 9.1 40.0 – – –

Garage and service station related .................... 12.37 6.6 34.2 11.26 2.7 40.0 – – –

Vehicle washers and equipment cleaners ......... 11.57 7.5 37.4 11.84 7.3 39.7 – – –

Laborers, except construction, n.e.c. ................. 11.17 3.2 38.1 11.39 3.3 40.0 7.10 3.4 20.3

Service .............................................................................. 13.84 1.3 36.7 14.33 1.4 40.1 8.65 1.5 19.3

Protective service .................................................. 17.25 1.9 39.7 17.48 2.0 41.3 9.53 3.9 17.1

Supervisors, firefighters and fire prevention ...... 20.04 2.9 49.4 20.04 2.9 49.5 – – –

Supervisors, police and detectives .................... 24.19 2.7 40.1 24.19 2.7 40.2 – – –

Supervisors, guards ........................................... 18.97 11.8 37.9 19.61 11.4 39.1 – – –

Fire inspection and fire prevention ..................... 18.97 4.8 37.1 19.19 4.9 40.9 – – –

Firefighting ......................................................... 15.35 2.5 44.6 15.55 2.3 48.6 7.15 10.1 10.2

Police and detectives, public service ................. 19.54 1.4 39.6 19.62 1.3 40.0 9.95 12.0 18.3

Sheriffs, bailiffs, and other law enforcement

officers ............................................................. 15.91 2.6 38.7 16.02 2.7 39.8 12.49 7.7 21.0

Correctional institution officers ........................... 14.37 4.4 39.8 14.38 4.4 39.9 – – –

Crossing guards ................................................. 8.70 4.6 17.2 – – – 8.36 4.6 16.9

Guards and police, except public service .......... 12.28 2.5 33.3 12.62 2.6 39.1 10.55 4.2 18.7

Protective service, n.e.c. .................................... 12.85 4.6 32.0 13.88 5.0 39.8 9.45 7.4 19.6

See footnotes at end of table.

30
Table 2-3. State and local government, selected occupations: Mean hourly earnings1 and weekly hours for full-time and part-time

workers,2 National Compensation Survey,3 1998–Continued

Occupation4

Total Full time Part time

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

Mean hours

Relative

error5

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error5

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error5

(percent)

Service –Continued

Food service .......................................................... $9.12 1.3 29.7 $9.45 2.0 36.3 $8.29 1.7 20.4

Supervisors, food preparation and service ........ 11.75 4.0 37.0 11.81 4.2 37.7 – – –

Cooks ................................................................. 9.45 1.8 32.6 9.64 1.9 35.6 8.61 4.1 23.7

Food counter, fountain, and related ................... 7.60 2.9 23.1 7.11 4.2 35.1 7.90 3.9 19.2

Kitchen workers, food preparation ..................... 8.05 3.4 29.7 7.91 4.5 37.0 8.39 4.5 20.4

Waiters’/Waitresses’ assistants ......................... 10.19 9.6 25.3 – – – – – –

Food preparation, n.e.c. ..................................... 8.70 1.8 27.4 9.02 2.7 35.8 8.20 2.5 19.9

Health service ........................................................ 10.58 1.8 36.7 10.68 1.9 39.3 9.42 5.1 20.3

Dental assistants ............................................... 9.68 7.9 40.0 9.68 7.9 40.0 – – –

Health aides, except nursing ............................. 11.16 2.6 37.1 11.21 2.8 39.0 10.24 4.7 21.0

Nursing aides, orderlies and attendants ............ 10.36 2.4 36.4 10.47 2.6 39.4 9.19 6.7 20.1

Cleaning and building service ................................ 10.77 1.2 38.3 10.86 1.3 39.7 8.64 3.7 20.4

Supervisors, cleaning and building service

workers ............................................................ 14.93 3.6 39.9 14.93 3.6 39.9 – – –

Maids and housemen ........................................ 8.25 6.1 36.6 8.03 6.1 39.7 11.39 7.3 17.2

Janitors and cleaners ......................................... 10.47 1.3 38.2 10.56 1.4 39.7 8.46 3.7 20.6

Personal service .................................................... 9.49 2.4 28.2 10.10 3.4 37.3 8.33 2.1 19.1

Supervisors, personal service ............................ 15.04 7.6 32.9 15.95 8.8 39.1 11.18 7.9 19.8

Attendants, amusement, and recreation

facilities ............................................................ 7.42 2.9 24.9 7.98 6.2 40.0 7.05 1.8 20.1

Guides ............................................................... 12.32 10.8 24.6 – – – 6.82 3.7 17.6

Ushers ............................................................... 6.33 1.7 4.4 – – – 6.33 1.7 4.4

Public transportation attendants ........................ 13.66 11.9 34.9 15.43 9.6 39.5 9.24 5.4 27.1

Welfare service aides ........................................ 9.38 6.4 34.3 9.48 7.1 38.5 8.48 4.1 17.4

Early childhood teachers’ assistants .................. 8.86 2.7 30.8 8.98 3.1 36.3 8.53 4.8 21.3

Child care workers, n.e.c. .................................. 9.45 4.3 23.2 10.50 9.8 36.5 8.64 3.3 18.1

Service, n.e.c. .................................................... 11.12 4.0 29.7 11.60 3.9 37.8 9.24 11.1 16.1

1 Earnings are the straight-time hourly wages or salaries paid to employees. They

include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard pay. Excluded are premium

pay for overtime, vacations, and holidays; nonproduction bonuses; and tips. The mean is

computed by totaling the pay of all workers and dividing by the number of workers,

weighted by hours. 2 All workers include full-time and part-time workers. Employees are classified as

working either a full-time or a part-time schedule based on the definition used by each

establishment. Therefore, a worker with a 35-hour-per-week schedule might be considered

a full-time employee in one establishment, but classified as part-time in another firm, where

a 40-hour week is the minimum full-time schedule. 3 This survey covers all 50 States. Collection was conducted between July 1997 and

April 1999. The average reference period was August 1998. 4 A classification system including about 480 individual occupations is used to cover all

workers in the civilian economy. For more information, see appendix B. 5 The relative standard error (RSE) is the standard error expressed as a percent of the

estimate. It can be used to calculate a "confidence interval" around a sample estimate. For

more information about RSEs, see appendix A.

31
Table 2-4. Selected occupations1 and levels:2 Mean hourly earnings3 and weekly hours, private industry and State and local

government, National Compensation Survey,4 1998

Occupation and level

Total Private industry State and local

 government

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

Mean hours

Relative

error5

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error5

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error5

(percent)

All .......................................................................................... $15.72 0.5 36.5 $14.95 0.6 36.5 $18.59 0.6 36.6

All excluding sales ......................................................... 15.89 .5 36.8 15.10 .6 36.8 18.61 .6 36.6

White collar ...................................................................... 19.39 .5 36.7 18.83 .7 36.8 20.96 .5 36.4

 1 ................................................................... 6.85 .8 27.4 6.78 .8 27.4 7.58 2.4 27.6

 2 ................................................................... 8.44 .8 31.7 8.38 1.0 31.6 8.74 1.4 32.2

 3 ................................................................... 9.25 1.3 34.4 9.09 1.3 34.3 10.08 1.1 35.0

 4 ................................................................... 11.41 .6 37.0 11.41 .7 37.0 11.44 .8 36.8

 5 ................................................................... 13.84 .6 37.5 13.98 .7 38.0 13.40 .9 35.9

 6 ................................................................... 15.69 .9 37.9 15.73 .8 38.4 15.58 2.3 36.7

 7 ................................................................... 18.97 .6 37.8 18.43 .7 38.2 20.04 1.2 37.1

 8 ................................................................... 21.29 .6 37.4 20.08 .6 37.8 23.44 1.3 36.7

 9 ................................................................... 25.07 .6 37.3 23.76 .7 38.1 26.96 .9 36.1

10 ................................................................... 27.17 .8 38.9 27.85 1.0 39.5 25.48 1.4 37.5

11 ................................................................... 31.31 .8 39.0 32.18 .9 39.3 28.75 1.1 38.1

12 ................................................................... 36.62 1.8 39.9 37.00 2.2 40.4 34.80 1.6 37.7

13 ................................................................... 45.19 1.8 39.8 48.44 2.0 39.7 37.21 1.9 40.1

14 ................................................................... 57.56 1.8 40.9 59.32 1.9 41.4 47.56 3.9 38.4

15 ................................................................... 64.13 7.9 40.8 80.61 7.9 41.6 46.26 3.5 39.9

Not able to be leveled .................................... 27.75 4.1 35.3 29.20 5.3 35.6 24.52 4.1 34.6

White collar excluding sales ...................................... 20.27 .5 37.3 19.96 .7 37.7 21.00 .5 36.4

 1 ................................................................... 7.36 1.5 30.0 7.29 1.8 30.6 7.64 2.6 27.9

 2 ................................................................... 8.82 .9 34.0 8.84 1.1 34.5 8.75 1.4 32.3

 3 ................................................................... 9.73 .9 35.9 9.64 1.1 36.1 10.05 1.1 35.1

 4 ................................................................... 11.60 .5 37.6 11.65 .7 37.8 11.43 .8 36.8

 5 ................................................................... 13.62 .5 37.3 13.70 .5 37.9 13.39 .9 35.9

 6 ................................................................... 15.49 .9 37.7 15.45 .7 38.1 15.58 2.3 36.7

 7 ................................................................... 18.83 .6 37.6 18.16 .6 37.9 20.06 1.2 37.1

 8 ................................................................... 21.24 .7 37.2 19.82 .6 37.4 23.45 1.3 36.8

 9 ................................................................... 24.95 .6 37.2 23.48 .6 38.0 26.96 .9 36.1

10 ................................................................... 26.85 .8 38.8 27.44 .9 39.4 25.49 1.4 37.5

11 ................................................................... 30.98 .8 38.9 31.79 .9 39.2 28.75 1.1 38.1

12 ................................................................... 36.30 1.8 39.9 36.62 2.2 40.4 34.80 1.6 37.7

13 ................................................................... 44.75 1.6 39.8 47.84 1.8 39.7 37.21 1.9 40.1

14 ................................................................... 57.30 1.7 40.9 59.01 1.8 41.4 47.56 3.9 38.4

15 ................................................................... 64.13 7.9 40.8 80.61 7.9 41.6 46.26 3.5 39.9

Not able to be leveled .................................... 27.84 4.1 35.3 29.38 5.4 35.7 24.52 4.1 34.6

Professional specialty and technical ......................... 24.10 .6 36.4 23.63 .8 36.7 24.85 .6 35.9

Professional specialty ................................................ 25.90 .5 36.3 25.80 .8 36.8 26.03 .6 35.7

 2 ................................................................... 7.06 4.7 14.1 7.86 4.2 22.0 6.41 4.8 11.0

 3 ................................................................... 7.04 3.4 15.1 6.80 6.7 22.4 7.29 2.0 11.3

 4 ................................................................... 9.64 4.2 23.0 10.35 5.5 25.6 8.15 3.9 19.0

 5 ................................................................... 13.88 1.5 32.7 14.31 1.9 35.5 13.23 2.4 29.2

 6 ................................................................... 17.55 2.5 35.0 15.97 1.8 36.1 19.56 4.3 33.6

 7 ................................................................... 20.64 1.0 36.0 19.10 1.0 35.6 22.09 1.7 36.3

 8 ................................................................... 22.71 .9 35.6 20.23 1.0 34.9 24.91 1.4 36.2

 9 ................................................................... 25.76 .8 35.9 23.12 .9 36.3 28.03 1.0 35.6

10 ................................................................... 26.26 .9 38.0 26.72 1.0 38.8 25.39 2.0 36.5

11 ................................................................... 29.77 .8 38.4 30.49 .8 39.0 27.80 1.7 36.9

12 ................................................................... 36.25 .9 39.0 36.69 1.0 39.8 34.33 2.1 35.9

13 ................................................................... 42.49 2.6 39.5 46.31 3.2 39.2 36.01 2.6 40.2

14 ................................................................... 52.02 2.5 39.9 53.07 2.8 40.4 47.97 4.3 38.1

15 ................................................................... 49.95 3.8 40.6 59.97 5.1 42.7 46.10 3.5 39.9

Not able to be leveled .................................... 29.18 5.6 34.1 29.82 8.0 32.9 27.89 4.4 36.9

Engineers, architects, and surveyors ..................... 28.97 .7 40.3 29.30 .7 40.4 25.43 1.7 39.5

 5 ................................................................... 18.16 3.0 40.2 18.48 2.8 40.2 – – –

 6 ................................................................... 19.70 1.9 40.0 19.48 2.0 40.2 – – –

 7 ................................................................... 22.13 2.3 40.1 22.20 2.4 40.2 21.36 4.5 39.4

 8 ................................................................... 23.22 2.8 40.4 23.35 3.0 40.6 21.91 4.4 38.4

 9 ................................................................... 24.65 1.0 40.3 24.83 1.1 40.4 23.49 2.1 39.4

10 ................................................................... 27.91 1.3 40.3 28.25 1.1 40.2 25.08 4.8 41.1

11 ................................................................... 30.97 .8 40.4 31.14 .8 40.5 29.32 3.7 39.1

12 ................................................................... 35.06 .9 40.3 35.24 .9 40.3 30.61 4.0 39.5

See footnotes at end of table.

32
Table 2-4. Selected occupations1 and levels:2 Mean hourly earnings3 and weekly hours, private industry and State and local

government, National Compensation Survey,4 1998–Continued

Occupation and level

Total Private industry State and local

 government

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

Mean hours

Relative

error5

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error5

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error5

(percent)

White collar –Continued

Professional specialty and technical –Continued

Professional specialty –Continued

Engineers, architects, and surveyors –Continued

13 ................................................................... $42.02 1.2 40.6 $42.09 1.2 40.6 – – –

14 ................................................................... 45.30 1.9 40.1 45.39 1.9 40.1 – – –

15 ................................................................... 47.43 2.0 41.1 48.00 1.8 40.3 – – –

Not able to be leveled .................................... 27.50 5.1 39.7 27.62 5.5 39.6 – – –

Architects ........................................................... 25.85 5.7 40.1 25.69 9.8 40.8 $26.05 4.0 39.3

 8 ................................................................... 21.81 4.4 40.0 21.25 4.0 40.0 – – –

 9 ................................................................... 24.79 3.6 39.3 24.88 6.9 40.0 24.75 4.2 39.1

11 ................................................................... 31.80 4.0 38.5 31.72 4.3 38.4 – – –

12 ................................................................... 31.09 7.6 41.8 – – – – – –

Aerospace engineers ......................................... 30.96 2.5 40.1 30.96 2.5 40.1 – – –

 7 ................................................................... 21.48 2.3 40.0 21.48 2.3 40.0 – – –

 9 ................................................................... 25.24 2.3 40.1 25.24 2.3 40.1 – – –

10 ................................................................... 25.76 2.4 40.0 25.76 2.4 40.0 – – –

11 ................................................................... 30.34 1.9 40.0 30.34 1.9 40.0 – – –

12 ................................................................... 33.64 1.6 40.2 33.64 1.6 40.2 – – –

13 ................................................................... 41.01 3.6 40.0 41.01 3.6 40.0 – – –

Metallurgical and materials engineers ............... 27.28 5.0 40.2 28.65 4.4 40.3 – – –

 8 ................................................................... 20.99 4.9 41.2 20.99 4.9 41.2 – – –

 9 ................................................................... 28.42 11.2 40.0 28.42 11.2 40.0 – – –

10 ................................................................... 25.24 4.6 40.0 28.47 5.6 40.0 – – –

Mining engineers ............................................... 32.66 7.6 33.3 32.66 7.6 33.3 – – –

Petroleum engineers .......................................... 43.02 4.4 40.5 43.02 4.4 40.5 – – –

 9 ................................................................... 37.91 5.5 39.8 37.91 5.5 39.8 – – –

11 ................................................................... 35.70 2.3 40.2 35.70 2.3 40.2 – – –

12 ................................................................... 48.51 6.8 41.3 48.51 6.8 41.3 – – –

13 ................................................................... 46.72 2.6 40.1 46.72 2.6 40.1 – – –

Chemical engineers ........................................... 33.37 2.2 40.0 33.38 2.2 40.0 – – –

 9 ................................................................... 26.50 1.6 40.0 26.47 1.6 40.0 – – –

10 ................................................................... 32.74 3.1 40.6 32.74 3.1 40.6 – – –

11 ................................................................... 34.31 2.0 40.1 34.31 2.0 40.1 – – –

12 ................................................................... 40.70 7.3 40.0 40.70 7.3 40.0 – – –

Nuclear engineers .............................................. 34.60 2.1 40.6 35.18 1.8 40.6 – – –

 9 ................................................................... 28.66 7.9 40.0 29.90 5.6 40.0 – – –

11 ................................................................... 34.57 2.9 41.2 34.57 2.9 41.2 – – –

12 ................................................................... 39.01 4.5 40.4 39.01 4.5 40.4 – – –

13 ................................................................... 39.74 2.7 40.0 – – – – – –

Civil engineers ................................................... 27.69 2.3 40.1 28.60 3.1 40.7 26.36 2.5 39.3

 5 ................................................................... 18.15 4.3 39.5 – – – – – –

 6 ................................................................... 20.09 3.6 39.3 18.80 3.0 40.3 – – –

 7 ................................................................... 21.26 3.1 39.9 21.61 5.2 40.3 20.86 1.9 39.4

 8 ................................................................... 21.55 4.0 40.4 21.69 5.4 40.8 21.35 5.6 39.8

 9 ................................................................... 23.81 2.4 40.1 23.63 3.2 40.8 23.99 3.6 39.5

10 ................................................................... 29.90 4.4 40.2 30.32 8.0 40.6 29.51 3.7 39.8

11 ................................................................... 29.57 3.1 39.9 28.42 3.8 40.7 31.01 4.7 39.0

12 ................................................................... 34.01 4.6 40.5 35.42 5.2 41.1 30.36 7.6 39.0

13 ................................................................... 41.87 2.5 40.3 41.91 2.9 40.4 – – –

14 ................................................................... 45.34 6.3 40.1 45.34 6.3 40.1 – – –

Electrical and electronic engineers .................... 30.35 1.1 40.3 30.48 1.1 40.4 26.81 4.4 40.0

 5 ................................................................... 19.42 5.4 39.3 19.42 5.4 39.3 – – –

 6 ................................................................... 19.88 3.3 40.0 19.88 3.3 40.0 – – –

 7 ................................................................... 23.25 2.5 40.0 22.99 2.2 40.0 – – –

 8 ................................................................... 27.35 6.1 40.5 27.23 6.3 40.5 – – –

 9 ................................................................... 26.46 1.2 40.4 26.42 1.3 40.4 27.93 .2 40.2

10 ................................................................... 29.12 2.7 40.2 29.20 2.7 40.2 – – –

11 ................................................................... 31.24 1.2 40.4 31.78 1.3 40.5 – – –

12 ................................................................... 35.94 1.5 40.4 35.98 1.5 40.5 – – –

13 ................................................................... 44.90 2.3 41.8 44.90 2.3 41.8 – – –

14 ................................................................... 47.48 4.8 40.4 47.48 4.8 40.4 – – –

See footnotes at end of table.

33
Table 2-4. Selected occupations1 and levels:2 Mean hourly earnings3 and weekly hours, private industry and State and local

government, National Compensation Survey,4 1998–Continued

Occupation and level

Total Private industry State and local

 government

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

Mean hours

Relative

error5

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error5

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error5

(percent)

White collar –Continued

Professional specialty and technical –Continued

Professional specialty –Continued

Engineers, architects, and surveyors –Continued

Electrical and electronic engineers –Continued

Not able to be leveled .................................... $30.78 18.4 37.2 $30.78 18.4 37.2 – – –

Industrial engineers ........................................... 25.26 2.4 40.6 25.34 2.4 40.6 $19.64 3.4 39.7

 5 ................................................................... 16.53 1.3 40.0 16.53 1.3 40.0 – – –

 6 ................................................................... 16.00 6.5 40.0 16.00 6.5 40.0 – – –

 7 ................................................................... 19.53 2.4 40.5 19.53 2.4 40.5 – – –

 8 ................................................................... 21.18 6.8 41.1 21.18 6.8 41.1 – – –

 9 ................................................................... 23.03 2.1 40.3 23.12 2.2 40.3 19.83 3.5 39.7

10 ................................................................... 27.14 2.9 41.6 27.29 2.9 41.6 – – –

11 ................................................................... 28.25 2.1 40.6 28.26 2.1 40.6 – – –

12 ................................................................... 32.54 5.2 40.7 32.54 5.2 40.7 – – –

13 ................................................................... 42.76 4.4 40.4 42.76 4.4 40.4 – – –

Mechanical engineers ........................................ 26.26 1.2 40.2 26.30 1.3 40.4 25.24 8.2 36.9

 5 ................................................................... 18.28 5.4 40.3 18.28 5.4 40.3 – – –

 6 ................................................................... 18.02 5.8 40.9 18.02 5.8 40.9 – – –

 7 ................................................................... 21.55 3.5 39.3 21.55 3.5 39.3 – – –

 8 ................................................................... 22.61 4.2 39.7 22.82 4.4 40.5 – – –

 9 ................................................................... 24.48 1.5 40.3 24.48 1.5 40.4 – – –

10 ................................................................... 24.97 3.8 40.5 24.79 3.9 40.6 – – –

11 ................................................................... 29.66 1.8 40.6 29.70 1.8 40.6 – – –

12 ................................................................... 32.99 1.8 40.4 32.98 1.9 40.4 – – –

13 ................................................................... 34.80 3.1 40.1 34.80 3.1 40.1 – – –

Not able to be leveled .................................... 21.33 2.8 40.0 21.33 2.8 40.0 – – –

Marine engineers and naval architects .............. 30.54 5.7 41.3 32.03 4.5 41.5 – – –

Engineers, n.e.c. ................................................ 30.11 1.2 40.3 30.48 1.2 40.3 23.96 4.9 40.2

 5 ................................................................... 18.44 4.5 40.2 19.32 3.0 40.2 – – –

 6 ................................................................... 21.10 2.2 40.2 21.10 2.2 40.2 – – –

 7 ................................................................... 22.45 4.9 40.6 22.61 5.1 40.7 – – –

 8 ................................................................... 24.57 3.1 40.2 24.62 3.1 40.2 – – –

 9 ................................................................... 24.86 2.5 40.4 25.13 2.8 40.4 22.51 2.4 39.7

10 ................................................................... 28.32 1.9 40.4 28.78 1.4 40.1 – – –

11 ................................................................... 31.90 1.5 40.5 32.09 1.5 40.6 29.32 2.2 38.4

12 ................................................................... 35.13 .9 40.0 35.18 .9 40.0 – – –

13 ................................................................... 42.01 2.1 40.4 42.00 2.1 40.4 – – –

14 ................................................................... 44.35 2.5 40.2 44.35 2.5 40.2 – – –

Not able to be leveled .................................... 28.80 5.4 40.3 28.80 5.4 40.3 – – –

Surveyors and mapping scientists ..................... 21.13 4.9 40.1 22.59 7.6 41.5 19.39 6.4 38.5

Mathematical and computer scientists ................... 27.95 1.5 40.0 28.64 1.6 40.0 21.52 2.8 39.7

 5 ................................................................... 16.27 3.0 40.0 16.48 3.0 40.0 – – –

 6 ................................................................... 17.92 2.1 39.6 18.86 2.4 39.6 15.23 2.0 39.5

 7 ................................................................... 20.87 2.3 39.9 21.61 2.3 39.9 18.01 2.1 39.8

 8 ................................................................... 21.41 2.0 40.1 21.83 2.1 40.2 18.01 3.7 39.3

 9 ................................................................... 25.59 1.9 39.9 26.02 2.1 39.9 22.40 1.5 39.7

10 ................................................................... 27.38 1.3 40.3 27.77 1.4 40.5 25.06 6.6 39.2

11 ................................................................... 30.30 1.6 40.0 30.61 1.6 40.0 24.82 1.0 40.5

12 ................................................................... 35.17 3.1 39.9 35.13 3.2 39.9 – – –

13 ................................................................... 41.38 5.9 40.3 41.38 5.9 40.3 – – –

14 ................................................................... 49.86 7.7 40.6 49.86 7.7 40.6 – – –

Not able to be leveled .................................... 28.48 7.1 39.5 28.53 7.1 39.5 – – –

Computer systems analysts and scientists ........ 27.89 1.3 40.1 28.68 1.4 40.1 21.64 2.9 39.7

 5 ................................................................... 17.41 3.3 40.2 17.61 3.4 40.2 – – –

 6 ................................................................... 17.56 2.2 39.7 18.91 2.9 39.8 15.23 2.0 39.5

 7 ................................................................... 20.99 2.5 40.0 21.88 2.3 40.0 18.05 2.1 39.9

 8 ................................................................... 21.42 2.2 40.2 21.90 2.4 40.3 18.05 3.8 39.2

 9 ................................................................... 25.15 1.2 40.1 25.54 1.3 40.2 22.71 1.5 39.7

10 ................................................................... 27.38 1.3 40.3 27.81 1.4 40.5 24.96 6.9 39.2

11 ................................................................... 30.49 1.6 40.1 30.90 1.7 40.1 24.82 1.0 40.5

12 ................................................................... 35.25 3.5 39.9 35.21 3.6 39.9 – – –

See footnotes at end of table.

34
Table 2-4. Selected occupations1 and levels:2 Mean hourly earnings3 and weekly hours, private industry and State and local

government, National Compensation Survey,4 1998–Continued

Occupation and level

Total Private industry State and local

 government

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

Mean hours

Relative

error5

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error5

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error5

(percent)

White collar –Continued

Professional specialty and technical –Continued

Professional specialty –Continued

Mathematical and computer scientists –Continued

Computer systems analysts and scientists

–Continued

13 ................................................................... $39.81 5.2 40.4 $39.81 5.2 40.4 – – –

14 ................................................................... 45.81 3.1 40.1 45.81 3.1 40.1 – – –

Not able to be leveled .................................... 30.58 8.3 39.1 30.67 8.4 39.1 – – –

Operations and systems researchers and

analysts ............................................................ 28.56 6.8 39.6 28.68 6.9 39.6 $19.98 19.0 38.8

 5 ................................................................... 14.39 4.6 39.9 14.55 5.0 39.9 – – –

 6 ................................................................... 18.86 4.3 39.3 18.86 4.3 39.3 – – –

 7 ................................................................... 20.89 5.6 39.8 20.91 5.6 39.9 – – –

 8 ................................................................... 21.36 5.4 39.6 21.39 5.4 39.6 – – –

 9 ................................................................... 28.49 10.6 38.8 28.68 10.6 38.9 – – –

10 ................................................................... 27.12 4.5 40.3 27.00 4.7 40.3 – – –

11 ................................................................... 29.55 4.6 39.5 29.55 4.6 39.5 – – –

12 ................................................................... 34.24 2.9 40.5 34.16 3.0 40.5 – – –

Not able to be leveled .................................... 23.69 5.8 40.1 23.69 5.8 40.1 – – –

Actuaries ............................................................ 27.38 9.2 39.4 27.38 9.2 39.4 – – –

Statisticians ........................................................ 23.77 8.4 38.0 24.53 9.2 38.1 – – –

 9 ................................................................... 26.14 5.0 37.4 26.54 4.9 37.1 – – –

Mathematical scientists, n.e.c. ........................... 24.88 8.2 38.8 28.77 9.9 38.4 – – –

Natural scientists ................................................... 25.48 1.7 39.6 28.09 2.1 39.6 20.70 2.6 39.6

 5 ................................................................... 14.59 4.4 39.9 15.88 4.6 40.1 13.84 6.1 39.8

 6 ................................................................... 16.42 6.6 38.3 16.65 7.2 38.1 – – –

 7 ................................................................... 20.42 5.4 39.7 19.51 2.6 39.7 22.31 10.0 39.5

 8 ................................................................... 19.21 2.8 39.8 21.46 3.9 40.3 17.61 3.9 39.4

 9 ................................................................... 22.52 2.3 39.4 22.71 2.7 39.7 22.30 3.5 39.1

10 ................................................................... 23.14 3.8 40.3 25.05 3.6 40.0 21.38 7.4 40.7

11 ................................................................... 28.73 2.6 39.8 30.18 1.8 39.9 24.21 4.8 39.5

12 ................................................................... 34.78 2.1 39.9 35.70 1.9 40.1 26.99 9.2 38.8

13 ................................................................... 35.72 7.8 39.1 40.66 2.7 39.1 – – –

14 ................................................................... 48.38 4.7 40.5 49.60 4.1 39.8 – – –

15 ................................................................... 51.55 10.5 40.4 51.55 10.5 40.4 – – –

Not able to be leveled .................................... 27.51 10.3 35.6 29.98 10.8 34.5 – – –

Physicists and astronomers ............................... 37.74 7.7 40.4 41.13 5.1 40.5 – – –

12 ................................................................... 39.50 3.7 40.7 39.50 3.7 40.7 – – –

Chemists, except biochemists ........................... 28.62 3.4 40.0 29.23 3.7 40.0 23.83 4.9 40.3

 5 ................................................................... 16.34 12.5 41.4 16.34 12.5 41.4 – – –

 6 ................................................................... 15.82 1.2 40.0 15.82 1.2 40.0 – – –

 7 ................................................................... 18.28 3.3 38.6 18.30 3.5 38.6 – – –

 8 ................................................................... 21.22 3.4 40.0 21.36 3.4 40.0 – – –

 9 ................................................................... 24.06 1.9 39.9 23.55 2.4 39.9 24.98 2.9 40.0

10 ................................................................... 25.31 5.1 40.0 26.65 3.5 40.0 – – –

11 ................................................................... 32.32 1.7 40.0 32.33 1.7 40.0 – – –

12 ................................................................... 35.52 4.3 41.1 35.52 4.3 41.1 – – –

13 ................................................................... 42.06 3.5 40.7 43.00 2.9 40.0 – – –

Atmospheric and space scientists ..................... 22.91 15.0 41.3 22.61 16.0 40.7 – – –

Geologists and geodesists ................................. 30.68 6.3 40.4 32.87 6.6 40.6 24.03 17.3 40.0

 5 ................................................................... 16.99 6.5 40.1 – – – – – –

 7 ................................................................... 24.36 6.4 40.0 24.98 7.0 40.0 – – –

 9 ................................................................... 23.40 6.0 40.0 – – – – – –

11 ................................................................... 32.80 5.2 42.0 33.41 5.4 42.1 – – –

12 ................................................................... 36.54 5.9 40.6 36.54 5.9 40.6 – – –

13 ................................................................... 40.82 8.2 40.1 47.52 3.5 40.2 – – –

Physical scientists, n.e.c. ................................... 26.56 2.4 39.9 29.54 2.4 40.0 20.92 4.1 39.7

 7 ................................................................... 20.04 6.8 40.0 20.96 6.8 40.0 – – –

 8 ................................................................... 19.62 11.8 40.0 22.86 10.1 40.2 – – –

 9 ................................................................... 21.28 3.1 39.9 25.67 5.1 40.0 20.42 3.2 39.9

10 ................................................................... 21.81 2.8 40.0 25.36 2.6 39.8 19.92 7.1 40.1

See footnotes at end of table.

35
Table 2-4. Selected occupations1 and levels:2 Mean hourly earnings3 and weekly hours, private industry and State and local

government, National Compensation Survey,4 1998–Continued

Occupation and level

Total Private industry State and local

 government

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

Mean hours

Relative

error5

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error5

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error5

(percent)

White collar –Continued

Professional specialty and technical –Continued

Professional specialty –Continued

Natural scientists –Continued

Physical scientists, n.e.c. –Continued

11 ................................................................... $30.06 2.5 39.7 $30.73 1.4 40.0 – – –

12 ................................................................... 36.63 2.0 40.0 36.78 2.0 40.0 – – –

13 ................................................................... 37.27 2.2 40.0 37.27 2.2 40.0 – – –

Agricultural and food scientists .......................... 22.48 8.5 39.6 24.39 8.6 38.9 $21.33 12.9 40.0

Biological and life scientists ............................... 21.66 7.3 39.2 24.58 4.6 39.1 18.33 6.6 39.3

 5 ................................................................... 14.53 .7 39.7 – – – – – –

 7 ................................................................... 18.36 3.9 39.7 18.22 4.2 40.4 – – –

 8 ................................................................... 19.11 3.1 39.8 21.48 6.9 39.9 18.29 2.0 39.7

 9 ................................................................... 22.50 3.9 39.2 22.10 5.5 39.5 23.33 5.0 38.4

11 ................................................................... 24.78 8.2 39.5 26.55 4.4 39.7 – – –

12 ................................................................... 30.39 7.6 38.9 32.36 6.1 39.6 – – –

13 ................................................................... 33.59 12.7 40.0 37.91 3.2 40.0 – – –

14 ................................................................... 42.19 8.3 41.6 44.17 7.5 40.2 – – –

Forestry and conservation scientists ................. 20.34 3.5 40.1 – – – 20.03 8.7 39.8

Medical scientists ............................................... 23.14 4.8 38.6 25.03 6.1 37.9 21.39 6.6 39.3

 5 ................................................................... 10.97 6.0 39.7 12.29 4.2 39.2 – – –

 7 ................................................................... 23.10 8.7 39.7 16.48 6.4 38.8 – – –

 9 ................................................................... 22.09 8.4 38.4 22.10 9.6 39.4 22.09 14.7 37.1

10 ................................................................... 15.50 11.4 43.2 – – – – – –

11 ................................................................... 24.08 5.2 39.3 23.78 11.3 38.6 – – –

12 ................................................................... 32.22 5.9 38.1 33.77 4.5 37.5 – – –

13 ................................................................... 23.22 24.5 35.8 33.85 16.4 33.7 – – –

Health related ........................................................ 22.56 1.0 34.2 22.72 1.1 33.4 21.99 1.7 36.9

 4 ................................................................... 14.13 10.3 25.6 14.13 10.3 25.6 – – –

 5 ................................................................... 15.48 4.1 32.8 16.11 5.1 31.6 14.12 4.5 35.9

 6 ................................................................... 17.96 2.9 34.9 18.52 2.5 33.9 16.58 7.2 37.7

 7 ................................................................... 18.75 1.1 33.6 18.84 1.1 32.9 18.40 2.1 36.7

 8 ................................................................... 20.04 1.2 33.2 19.93 1.4 32.6 20.50 2.0 36.1

 9 ................................................................... 21.84 1.1 34.0 21.74 1.2 33.4 22.16 1.9 35.9

10 ................................................................... 24.26 2.5 38.3 24.89 2.8 37.2 22.30 5.7 42.4

11 ................................................................... 26.65 2.0 36.1 27.26 2.3 35.2 24.89 4.4 38.7

12 ................................................................... 41.92 6.6 35.8 44.74 4.9 35.0 35.22 19.3 38.1

13 ................................................................... 53.89 10.3 36.5 70.40 13.1 34.3 34.89 22.5 39.4

14 ................................................................... 64.74 3.9 35.8 68.54 2.8 37.1 47.43 9.7 30.9

15 ................................................................... 69.33 6.0 40.8 – – – – – –

Not able to be leveled .................................... 29.08 9.1 39.2 30.98 10.2 37.4 22.08 12.4 47.1

Physicians .......................................................... 38.55 5.4 39.6 44.15 6.7 38.0 28.22 11.0 42.9

 7 ................................................................... 15.38 6.1 42.0 16.54 6.2 40.0 – – –

 8 ................................................................... 14.63 7.0 46.5 14.63 7.0 46.5 – – –

 9 ................................................................... 17.30 5.1 45.8 18.87 7.6 41.8 15.41 5.0 51.8

10 ................................................................... 15.87 5.7 47.9 17.00 8.3 44.5 14.04 7.0 54.6

11 ................................................................... 24.53 7.8 41.1 24.66 7.7 39.5 24.10 22.1 47.5

12 ................................................................... 50.28 11.3 35.2 57.41 5.4 33.6 36.97 29.5 38.6

13 ................................................................... 54.82 10.8 36.3 73.53 13.6 33.9 34.73 23.1 39.4

14 ................................................................... 64.74 3.9 35.8 68.54 2.8 37.1 47.43 9.7 30.9

15 ................................................................... 69.33 6.0 40.8 – – – – – –

Not able to be leveled .................................... 28.09 8.4 42.7 31.49 10.5 40.1 21.22 14.2 49.3

Dentists .............................................................. 34.36 8.6 29.4 34.69 6.8 29.2 – – –

Optometrists ...................................................... 38.60 6.1 37.7 38.60 6.1 37.7 – – –

Health diagnosing practitioners, n.e.c. ............... 19.82 12.7 33.9 19.82 12.7 33.9 – – –

Registered nurses .............................................. 20.86 .7 33.5 20.84 .8 32.9 20.95 1.4 36.1

 5 ................................................................... 17.17 5.8 32.0 17.47 6.8 30.9 15.92 1.8 37.3

 6 ................................................................... 18.86 2.3 34.7 19.06 2.9 33.7 18.17 2.8 38.5

 7 ................................................................... 18.82 1.2 33.3 18.94 1.2 32.6 18.28 2.7 36.3

 8 ................................................................... 19.99 1.3 32.8 19.97 1.5 32.2 20.09 2.3 35.9

 9 ................................................................... 21.63 1.2 33.4 21.50 1.4 32.9 22.13 2.1 35.3

10 ................................................................... 26.43 2.1 36.1 26.52 2.4 35.6 25.99 2.5 38.3

See footnotes at end of table.

36
Table 2-4. Selected occupations1 and levels:2 Mean hourly earnings3 and weekly hours, private industry and State and local

government, National Compensation Survey,4 1998–Continued

Occupation and level

Total Private industry State and local

 government

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

Mean hours

Relative

error5

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error5

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error5

(percent)

White collar –Continued

Professional specialty and technical –Continued

Professional specialty –Continued

Health related –Continued

Registered nurses –Continued

11 ................................................................... $26.79 2.6 36.8 $26.94 3.4 36.3 $26.29 3.3 38.4

12 ................................................................... 31.40 4.0 37.8 31.12 4.8 37.2 31.88 6.9 38.9

Not able to be leveled .................................... 33.82 20.6 37.3 33.82 20.6 37.3 – – –

Pharmacists ....................................................... 27.35 1.9 34.8 27.93 1.1 34.2 25.16 6.7 37.1

 5 ................................................................... 19.91 22.6 23.6 18.24 30.9 23.5 – – –

 7 ................................................................... 24.96 7.6 33.2 23.35 5.3 31.7 – – –

 8 ................................................................... 27.17 1.5 32.1 27.18 1.5 32.3 – – –

 9 ................................................................... 26.36 1.0 37.2 26.92 .9 36.7 23.88 2.8 39.5

10 ................................................................... 28.05 3.9 37.5 28.05 1.8 37.0 – – –

11 ................................................................... 27.15 5.1 33.0 28.95 2.7 31.7 23.29 9.3 36.1

12 ................................................................... 34.17 3.4 39.7 34.21 3.9 40.4 – – –

Not able to be leveled .................................... 26.04 8.3 33.9 26.04 8.3 33.9 – – –

Dietitians ............................................................ 16.70 1.8 36.9 16.86 1.7 35.9 16.42 3.7 38.7

 5 ................................................................... 12.93 5.5 37.7 13.65 4.4 37.0 – – –

 6 ................................................................... 14.92 3.8 38.4 15.43 4.5 38.0 – – –

 7 ................................................................... 16.71 1.7 36.3 16.90 2.9 34.0 16.49 1.8 39.4

 8 ................................................................... 18.05 2.4 36.0 18.06 3.1 34.9 18.01 2.4 40.0

 9 ................................................................... 17.64 4.4 37.6 17.90 4.0 37.0 17.31 8.0 38.3

10 ................................................................... 20.87 3.9 28.7 – – – – – –

11 ................................................................... 17.38 5.6 40.0 – – – – – –

Respiratory therapists ........................................ 17.76 1.6 34.4 17.86 1.8 34.4 17.19 3.3 34.4

 5 ................................................................... 15.29 1.8 33.3 15.23 2.4 33.6 – – –

 6 ................................................................... 17.16 3.0 32.1 17.18 3.2 32.2 – – –

 7 ................................................................... 17.99 2.8 35.0 18.21 3.1 35.1 16.58 4.8 33.8

 8 ................................................................... 17.60 2.0 35.7 17.46 2.5 35.0 18.29 2.3 39.2

 9 ................................................................... 19.22 3.0 32.9 19.37 3.5 33.2 – – –

Occupational therapists ..................................... 23.08 2.9 34.1 23.11 3.4 34.1 22.97 4.9 33.9

 5 ................................................................... 13.72 7.6 32.8 13.72 7.6 32.8 – – –

 7 ................................................................... 20.61 5.8 35.8 21.79 6.7 34.5 – – –

 8 ................................................................... 21.42 2.3 36.6 20.98 1.8 36.6 – – –

 9 ................................................................... 23.58 4.2 32.4 22.92 5.0 33.2 26.01 5.7 29.7

10 ................................................................... 25.20 11.0 25.9 27.35 14.3 22.9 – – –

Physical therapists ............................................. 23.92 2.3 34.4 23.87 2.3 33.9 24.04 6.3 35.9

 6 ................................................................... 20.91 8.3 36.6 20.17 5.5 36.0 – – –

 7 ................................................................... 21.53 6.6 28.7 20.93 6.6 28.1 – – –

 8 ................................................................... 22.66 4.4 35.6 21.54 3.0 35.6 – – –

 9 ................................................................... 23.60 2.6 36.0 24.00 2.4 35.7 22.41 5.8 36.9

10 ................................................................... 31.06 5.4 34.7 29.13 2.9 33.9 – – –

11 ................................................................... 29.06 6.4 31.0 30.75 8.7 28.6 – – –

Speech therapists .............................................. 23.46 6.6 33.8 23.15 3.1 31.9 23.69 11.2 35.4

 7 ................................................................... 24.62 12.8 35.9 19.70 10.5 35.6 30.15 14.4 36.1

 8 ................................................................... 23.74 4.0 35.7 22.10 3.5 32.7 24.36 6.9 36.9

 9 ................................................................... 25.03 4.5 34.1 21.60 3.7 35.0 27.97 6.7 33.4

10 ................................................................... 27.03 3.8 35.9 – – – 27.37 7.6 37.2

11 ................................................................... 25.45 5.9 32.7 25.73 7.5 29.0 – – –

Therapists, n.e.c. ............................................... 16.51 3.1 37.0 16.07 3.8 36.4 17.22 7.2 38.0

 5 ................................................................... 12.77 2.3 36.5 – – – – – –

 6 ................................................................... 14.87 6.5 38.5 11.82 4.8 39.1 16.55 8.7 38.2

 7 ................................................................... 15.39 3.3 36.9 14.58 4.2 36.5 17.55 4.7 38.0

 8 ................................................................... 17.13 7.3 36.5 15.16 4.1 36.6 24.16 4.4 36.1

 9 ................................................................... 19.30 5.7 36.9 18.49 7.5 36.4 21.74 6.5 38.5

10 ................................................................... 18.54 14.2 39.4 17.42 19.2 39.6 – – –

11 ................................................................... 18.81 8.6 38.0 18.81 10.8 37.5 – – –

Physicians’ assistants ........................................ 26.36 4.1 38.3 26.78 4.5 38.6 – – –

 5 ................................................................... 11.41 4.1 31.0 11.19 2.7 32.2 – – –

 9 ................................................................... 27.25 3.1 39.9 27.28 3.3 40.0 – – –

10 ................................................................... 29.05 2.9 39.5 29.54 3.2 39.3 – – –

See footnotes at end of table.

37
Table 2-4. Selected occupations1 and levels:2 Mean hourly earnings3 and weekly hours, private industry and State and local

government, National Compensation Survey,4 1998–Continued

Occupation and level

Total Private industry State and local

 government

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

Mean hours

Relative

error5

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error5

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error5

(percent)

White collar –Continued

Professional specialty and technical –Continued

Professional specialty –Continued

Health related –Continued

Physicians’ assistants –Continued

11 ................................................................... $35.67 2.3 38.6 $35.67 2.3 38.6 – – –

Teachers, college and university ........................... 33.82 1.5 34.1 36.20 2.4 34.1 $32.87 1.7 34.1

 5 ................................................................... 13.77 4.4 23.3 13.69 5.5 25.7 13.80 5.4 22.7

 6 ................................................................... 16.85 6.1 22.6 16.65 13.3 25.2 16.92 6.6 21.8

 7 ................................................................... 22.12 6.3 25.6 20.30 6.2 23.1 23.00 7.3 27.0

 8 ................................................................... 25.05 4.5 28.9 22.74 3.9 28.0 25.66 5.6 29.2

 9 ................................................................... 26.34 2.7 28.6 24.05 6.1 30.8 27.00 2.9 28.0

10 ................................................................... 27.78 3.8 30.5 27.37 4.0 31.2 28.02 5.6 30.2

11 ................................................................... 31.20 2.7 35.5 34.11 4.7 35.8 29.59 2.3 35.3

12 ................................................................... 37.09 1.7 35.4 40.60 3.7 36.9 35.63 1.7 34.9

13 ................................................................... 38.51 3.1 39.6 46.10 3.5 36.5 36.27 3.1 40.6

14 ................................................................... 52.78 4.6 40.2 58.19 6.3 43.8 49.59 6.0 38.4

15 ................................................................... 51.06 6.7 40.6 66.61 6.4 45.6 48.70 5.7 40.0

Not able to be leveled .................................... 37.51 9.2 40.7 38.69 8.6 35.8 37.14 11.7 42.5

Earth, environmental, and marine science

teachers ........................................................... 33.84 10.4 36.5 – – – 34.84 15.3 34.9

11 ................................................................... 30.58 5.1 35.6 – – – – – –

Biological science teachers ............................... 33.80 8.1 36.5 36.20 8.2 35.1 32.73 10.8 37.1

 7 ................................................................... 24.05 8.7 22.3 24.05 8.7 22.3 – – –

 9 ................................................................... 32.25 2.9 37.1 – – – – – –

10 ................................................................... 28.39 6.2 24.5 – – – – – –

11 ................................................................... 36.35 15.2 30.0 43.66 18.9 38.9 29.29 10.5 24.6

12 ................................................................... 36.94 7.7 34.1 38.27 13.5 32.1 35.91 8.0 35.8

13 ................................................................... 29.13 4.8 48.1 39.08 4.5 39.1 – – –

Chemistry teachers ............................................ 31.61 7.3 40.4 43.11 16.8 36.0 29.18 4.0 41.5

10 ................................................................... 27.89 8.7 38.3 – – – – – –

11 ................................................................... 38.70 20.9 35.9 – – – 31.13 10.7 35.0

12 ................................................................... 45.08 13.5 33.9 – – – – – –

13 ................................................................... 29.08 4.5 43.9 – – – 28.08 3.1 44.6

Physics teachers ................................................ 47.49 7.0 37.1 49.91 6.5 36.9 43.51 12.1 37.6

Natural science teachers, n.e.c. ........................ 38.48 6.3 38.8 33.25 10.9 35.7 39.73 7.7 39.6

11 ................................................................... 31.70 2.4 38.5 – – – – – –

12 ................................................................... 41.59 4.0 37.8 – – – – – –

Psychology teachers .......................................... 32.26 6.4 33.5 36.08 7.6 30.4 29.74 7.1 35.9

 9 ................................................................... 24.09 9.2 20.7 24.82 15.9 29.8 – – –

10 ................................................................... 25.63 6.4 24.0 24.09 1.7 23.3 – – –

11 ................................................................... 30.21 5.2 33.8 33.85 5.7 27.1 – – –

12 ................................................................... 31.09 17.4 35.0 – – – – – –

13 ................................................................... 39.91 8.2 39.3 40.89 10.8 38.9 – – –

Economics teachers .......................................... 46.28 11.2 43.1 29.83 9.5 37.6 – – –

History teachers ................................................. 32.36 5.4 36.6 30.97 8.6 39.0 33.34 8.0 35.0

 9 ................................................................... 27.12 8.3 21.2 – – – – – –

11 ................................................................... 32.14 5.4 39.3 – – – – – –

12 ................................................................... 34.17 7.4 39.6 – – – – – –

Political science teachers .................................. 33.60 6.2 37.2 35.40 9.9 36.3 32.20 7.8 38.0

11 ................................................................... 28.72 3.2 39.8 – – – – – –

12 ................................................................... 36.77 12.6 36.3 – – – – – –

Sociology teachers ............................................ 36.75 8.3 34.6 36.11 10.3 25.1 36.83 9.2 36.3

12 ................................................................... 31.28 8.3 34.2 – – – – – –

Social science teachers, n.e.c. .......................... 32.95 7.2 37.3 36.09 6.7 32.9 32.15 8.9 38.6

 9 ................................................................... 31.42 9.2 32.4 – – – – – –

11 ................................................................... 30.00 8.1 32.2 27.98 11.9 28.1 – – –

12 ................................................................... 47.27 13.2 37.5 – – – – – –

13 ................................................................... 34.57 12.6 39.2 41.63 7.2 36.0 – – –

Engineering teachers ......................................... 38.51 12.0 37.5 37.36 13.2 33.0 38.92 15.6 39.3

 9 ................................................................... 23.18 10.6 35.8 23.58 15.2 36.2 22.48 9.5 35.2

11 ................................................................... 36.44 4.8 31.5 39.37 4.3 35.8 – – –

See footnotes at end of table.

38
Table 2-4. Selected occupations1 and levels:2 Mean hourly earnings3 and weekly hours, private industry and State and local

government, National Compensation Survey,4 1998–Continued

Occupation and level

Total Private industry State and local

 government

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

Mean hours

Relative

error5

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error5

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error5

(percent)

White collar –Continued

Professional specialty and technical –Continued

Professional specialty –Continued

Teachers, college and university –Continued

Engineering teachers –Continued

13 ................................................................... $36.35 11.4 43.9 – – – – – –

Mathematical science teachers ......................... 33.59 6.2 33.3 $35.80 9.3 35.0 $32.52 7.9 32.5

 8 ................................................................... 16.33 25.0 32.7 – – – 15.95 27.4 32.2

 9 ................................................................... 25.44 4.7 33.6 – – – 25.76 5.0 34.6

10 ................................................................... 33.71 7.2 22.1 25.88 4.2 26.3 37.27 7.3 20.6

11 ................................................................... 36.23 5.3 33.6 – – – 40.34 6.8 34.8

12 ................................................................... 46.08 4.6 30.6 – – – – – –

13 ................................................................... 37.11 8.8 39.5 39.51 16.1 37.9 35.70 9.0 40.4

Computer science teachers ............................... 25.48 11.3 30.5 27.31 9.6 28.7 25.13 13.0 30.8

 7 ................................................................... 18.92 9.1 33.4 – – – – – –

 8 ................................................................... 21.45 17.7 24.5 16.53 10.1 22.5 – – –

 9 ................................................................... 26.73 3.3 23.5 – – – 26.54 4.3 21.2

10 ................................................................... 26.60 10.1 25.4 20.50 15.0 35.3 – – –

11 ................................................................... 21.49 7.0 34.4 – – – 20.99 5.1 34.3

Medical science teachers .................................. 44.51 5.8 38.9 46.04 5.1 41.2 43.27 9.5 37.2

 9 ................................................................... 26.99 3.6 13.6 – – – – – –

10 ................................................................... 29.15 22.1 34.9 – – – – – –

11 ................................................................... 39.60 12.0 36.1 43.24 9.7 37.4 – – –

12 ................................................................... 39.44 6.4 40.5 36.54 5.5 44.5 40.02 7.3 39.8

13 ................................................................... 45.05 6.8 39.5 44.70 2.8 44.4 45.39 13.1 35.7

14 ................................................................... 50.63 10.5 47.5 57.73 6.8 45.3 – – –

Health specialities teachers ............................... 33.96 7.5 36.8 31.68 6.9 39.5 35.14 10.2 35.6

 7 ................................................................... 25.19 28.7 24.3 – – – – – –

 8 ................................................................... 25.91 6.1 37.5 – – – 30.10 3.3 35.2

 9 ................................................................... 23.10 3.8 36.1 24.59 9.2 36.5 22.92 4.0 36.0

10 ................................................................... 29.41 6.9 37.7 – – – 30.52 6.6 37.3

11 ................................................................... 30.27 7.4 35.8 27.08 3.1 35.7 32.30 9.0 35.8

12 ................................................................... 51.84 24.6 37.6 – – – – – –

13 ................................................................... 45.64 4.5 38.6 – – – – – –

Business, commerce, and marketing teachers .. 35.50 6.5 34.8 40.60 6.5 30.8 33.16 6.0 37.0

 7 ................................................................... 15.39 4.6 13.0 15.39 4.6 13.0 – – –

 9 ................................................................... 27.43 5.8 26.8 29.76 7.4 31.3 25.97 5.9 24.6

10 ................................................................... 33.60 13.1 28.9 22.92 3.0 23.0 39.94 9.1 34.0

11 ................................................................... 31.70 4.9 38.5 41.93 10.3 30.1 30.12 1.6 40.3

12 ................................................................... 43.54 10.4 35.0 43.31 12.6 38.0 44.47 11.4 26.5

13 ................................................................... 43.73 13.2 41.2 57.17 13.1 39.2 – – –

Agriculture and forestry teachers ....................... 42.82 26.4 35.5 – – – 42.82 26.4 35.5

Art, drama, and music teachers ......................... 29.29 2.9 31.9 29.39 5.3 29.2 29.20 4.1 34.9

 8 ................................................................... 20.65 10.4 34.4 17.13 10.4 30.4 – – –

 9 ................................................................... 25.13 11.9 30.2 30.59 9.5 28.5 21.97 9.6 31.3

10 ................................................................... 26.88 5.8 21.8 26.21 2.6 23.6 28.16 14.1 19.1

11 ................................................................... 29.22 3.8 32.6 27.18 3.5 29.9 31.54 6.1 36.5

12 ................................................................... 31.04 6.4 40.4 33.89 9.4 37.3 27.92 8.0 44.5

13 ................................................................... 38.58 7.2 39.1 – – – – – –

Physical education teachers .............................. 25.28 8.7 33.4 25.66 4.9 37.1 25.00 14.8 31.2

 9 ................................................................... 25.23 6.2 21.2 – – – – – –

11 ................................................................... 28.46 6.0 38.6 27.02 6.4 39.7 – – –

Education teachers ............................................ 31.19 9.1 35.1 30.02 16.5 31.8 32.35 7.6 39.2

 8 ................................................................... 25.09 7.8 24.1 26.09 11.0 19.1 – – –

 9 ................................................................... 16.77 21.3 41.5 – – – – – –

10 ................................................................... 25.32 5.3 22.8 – – – – – –

11 ................................................................... 29.65 5.2 38.6 29.77 7.9 37.8 29.43 .9 40.0

12 ................................................................... 43.93 12.4 33.6 – – – – – –

English teachers ................................................ 32.60 4.8 33.1 31.74 11.2 32.9 32.99 4.8 33.2

 7 ................................................................... 15.31 6.5 17.6 15.31 6.5 17.6 – – –

 8 ................................................................... 28.35 10.1 28.4 – – – 31.09 8.2 26.4

 9 ................................................................... 25.38 3.2 30.4 24.20 3.6 36.9 26.94 6.1 24.6

See footnotes at end of table.

39
Table 2-4. Selected occupations1 and levels:2 Mean hourly earnings3 and weekly hours, private industry and State and local

government, National Compensation Survey,4 1998–Continued

Occupation and level

Total Private industry State and local

 government

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

Mean hours

Relative

error5

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error5

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error5

(percent)

White collar –Continued

Professional specialty and technical –Continued

Professional specialty –Continued

Teachers, college and university –Continued

English teachers –Continued

10 ................................................................... $26.29 5.0 28.1 $26.78 6.3 31.5 $25.93 7.2 26.1

11 ................................................................... 30.84 4.4 35.1 30.17 7.2 35.1 30.99 5.2 35.1

12 ................................................................... 33.82 10.2 38.9 49.63 16.6 39.1 28.40 5.1 38.8

13 ................................................................... 45.78 1.7 34.7 – – – – – –

Foreign language teachers ................................ 26.29 13.4 33.2 31.30 6.9 32.6 23.27 18.4 33.5

 9 ................................................................... 26.06 4.4 26.1 24.69 10.7 25.8 26.42 5.5 26.2

10 ................................................................... 19.01 21.3 43.4 – – – – – –

11 ................................................................... 29.39 9.1 34.2 28.38 12.2 40.7 31.37 8.0 26.1

12 ................................................................... 40.61 6.6 35.6 40.59 8.4 37.0 – – –

Law teachers ..................................................... 58.19 8.2 35.9 61.90 8.2 38.0 – – –

13 ................................................................... 66.64 12.1 38.2 66.64 12.1 38.2 – – –

Social work teachers .......................................... 25.91 7.4 32.7 26.11 8.0 32.0 – – –

Theology teachers ............................................. 35.46 4.2 39.1 34.54 8.4 37.3 36.25 3.8 40.8

10 ................................................................... 34.89 4.7 36.7 34.82 5.2 36.5 – – –

11 ................................................................... 27.80 7.0 38.7 27.06 7.2 38.9 – – –

12 ................................................................... 35.23 6.3 39.2 35.23 6.3 39.2 – – –

13 ................................................................... 43.06 5.0 41.6 44.50 14.0 35.9 – – –

Trade and industrial teachers ............................ 27.22 3.3 32.4 19.43 14.0 33.2 28.19 2.3 32.3

 7 ................................................................... 27.87 2.5 35.2 – – – 28.10 2.3 35.1

 8 ................................................................... 28.02 8.4 29.6 – – – 29.24 8.5 31.8

 9 ................................................................... 27.00 3.8 36.0 – – – 27.22 4.1 36.1

10 ................................................................... 27.56 6.9 18.0 – – – – – –

11 ................................................................... 29.47 11.2 30.8 – – – – – –

Home economics teachers ................................ 29.92 14.9 30.4 – – – – – –

Teachers, post secondary, subject not specified 33.48 7.2 32.1 33.41 6.1 33.5 33.50 9.0 31.7

 7 ................................................................... 24.69 6.4 27.5 – – – 25.08 7.0 27.8

 8 ................................................................... 16.91 2.6 32.0 – – – – – –

 9 ................................................................... 25.84 7.2 19.6 29.72 8.8 24.3 24.06 8.8 18.0

10 ................................................................... 29.46 3.7 34.2 32.77 4.2 31.8 28.76 3.6 34.7

11 ................................................................... 33.01 7.0 36.6 34.09 7.3 40.1 31.53 12.3 32.8

12 ................................................................... 33.66 8.6 33.5 34.85 9.6 35.7 33.29 11.0 32.9

13 ................................................................... 44.38 8.6 39.0 – – – 42.79 9.0 40.1

Teachers, post secondary, n.e.c. ....................... 31.26 1.9 31.5 34.78 7.2 31.9 30.50 1.5 31.4

 5 ................................................................... 13.91 5.1 23.6 – – – 13.95 5.6 23.8

 6 ................................................................... 17.47 15.1 12.1 – – – 18.78 19.0 10.6

 7 ................................................................... 20.21 5.9 26.3 23.62 7.0 37.0 17.84 5.8 22.0

 8 ................................................................... 21.72 3.3 28.7 21.51 4.1 25.1 21.76 3.8 29.4

 9 ................................................................... 28.20 3.8 26.5 21.84 6.2 21.7 28.81 3.8 27.0

10 ................................................................... 27.68 2.9 31.9 27.32 7.1 35.7 27.87 2.4 30.1

11 ................................................................... 30.20 4.8 34.3 35.63 22.1 33.9 29.19 2.0 34.4

12 ................................................................... 34.90 1.9 33.3 42.94 6.5 34.8 34.33 2.1 33.2

13 ................................................................... 38.84 3.8 35.1 45.36 8.9 29.4 37.35 4.5 36.7

14 ................................................................... 51.59 11.4 37.2 – – – 45.86 5.9 35.8

Not able to be leveled .................................... 34.77 16.3 34.7 43.68 6.5 35.0 26.59 25.2 34.4

Teachers, except college and university ................ 26.82 .8 34.6 17.15 1.9 32.0 27.68 .8 34.8

 2 ................................................................... 6.39 5.2 9.7 – – – 6.23 5.4 10.7

 3 ................................................................... 7.38 2.0 10.7 7.53 6.5 9.7 7.34 2.1 11.0

 4 ................................................................... 8.72 3.3 19.9 9.21 4.0 20.8 8.19 5.0 19.0

 5 ................................................................... 12.41 3.9 24.3 11.28 4.3 30.3 13.22 5.9 21.2

 6 ................................................................... 21.48 5.8 30.8 12.37 2.9 32.2 25.20 5.5 30.2

 7 ................................................................... 23.66 2.2 36.0 17.81 3.9 35.4 24.16 2.3 36.1

 8 ................................................................... 26.64 1.6 36.0 18.45 4.5 33.5 27.17 1.6 36.2

 9 ................................................................... 29.94 1.3 35.3 22.14 2.5 33.6 30.29 1.3 35.4

10 ................................................................... 29.11 3.7 34.8 26.02 5.6 30.5 29.40 3.9 35.3

11 ................................................................... 30.73 5.6 35.2 26.38 5.8 35.1 31.10 5.9 35.2

12 ................................................................... 34.59 5.7 29.6 30.43 8.9 24.1 36.33 5.0 32.8

Not able to be leveled .................................... 21.64 8.8 31.0 15.07 10.6 21.9 23.81 8.5 35.9

See footnotes at end of table.

40
Table 2-4. Selected occupations1 and levels:2 Mean hourly earnings3 and weekly hours, private industry and State and local

government, National Compensation Survey,4 1998–Continued

Occupation and level

Total Private industry State and local

 government

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

Mean hours

Relative

error5

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error5

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error5

(percent)

White collar –Continued

Professional specialty and technical –Continued

Professional specialty –Continued

Teachers, except college and university

–Continued

Prekindergarten and kindergarten ..................... $21.09 3.9 35.1 $10.80 5.0 35.5 $26.35 2.7 35.0

 4 ................................................................... 9.26 1.6 39.6 9.26 1.6 39.6 – – –

 5 ................................................................... 9.57 4.9 34.7 9.46 5.6 34.5 10.25 6.7 36.0

 6 ................................................................... 13.25 7.4 35.0 9.81 4.8 34.5 20.27 8.0 36.0

 7 ................................................................... 22.81 12.0 37.5 13.30 2.7 37.8 26.98 8.8 37.4

 8 ................................................................... 25.58 5.8 35.6 14.10 18.4 35.5 27.34 4.4 35.6

 9 ................................................................... 27.04 3.8 33.5 17.98 18.0 36.2 27.36 4.0 33.4

Elementary school teachers .............................. 27.72 .9 36.1 20.16 2.9 35.4 28.01 1.0 36.1

 5 ................................................................... 21.29 12.1 32.1 13.73 15.5 26.8 22.98 12.5 33.6

 6 ................................................................... 28.10 6.1 35.1 16.10 7.5 36.7 28.43 6.1 35.1

 7 ................................................................... 24.07 2.6 36.9 19.85 4.7 35.6 24.28 2.7 36.9

 8 ................................................................... 26.54 1.5 36.6 18.91 7.6 36.5 26.82 1.5 36.6

 9 ................................................................... 29.93 1.6 35.7 21.83 5.6 36.1 30.20 1.6 35.7

10 ................................................................... 32.68 6.8 35.2 23.96 4.1 29.6 32.80 6.8 35.3

11 ................................................................... 30.47 15.4 34.4 – – – 30.42 15.9 34.8

Secondary school teachers ............................... 27.86 1.2 36.7 22.53 2.8 36.6 28.12 1.3 36.7

 5 ................................................................... 20.33 5.6 27.5 19.94 4.4 30.3 20.49 7.7 26.5

 6 ................................................................... 26.17 7.5 36.7 16.91 8.3 38.3 28.47 7.7 36.4

 7 ................................................................... 24.40 2.5 37.5 21.14 3.8 36.9 24.51 2.6 37.5

 8 ................................................................... 28.09 2.8 36.8 22.15 6.7 36.3 28.34 2.8 36.9

 9 ................................................................... 29.32 1.8 36.5 24.54 2.5 37.0 29.54 1.9 36.5

10 ................................................................... 30.86 7.4 36.2 28.73 7.1 32.2 31.08 8.1 36.7

11 ................................................................... 28.87 6.3 35.8 23.16 7.9 40.7 29.14 6.5 35.6

Teachers, special education .............................. 28.18 1.9 35.5 19.95 4.5 36.1 28.96 1.9 35.5

 5 ................................................................... 12.77 9.5 35.4 13.15 6.5 38.6 12.46 15.3 33.1

 6 ................................................................... 18.68 7.2 36.5 – – – 20.22 6.1 35.8

 7 ................................................................... 24.91 4.7 36.5 19.03 11.0 37.3 25.52 5.0 36.5

 8 ................................................................... 27.07 3.3 35.8 21.10 6.5 35.5 27.55 3.4 35.8

 9 ................................................................... 30.87 2.5 35.0 21.47 6.4 33.6 31.38 2.4 35.1

10 ................................................................... 32.48 5.2 34.3 – – – 33.19 5.4 34.0

11 ................................................................... 29.26 8.7 35.0 26.05 7.7 38.5 – – –

Teachers, n.e.c. ................................................. 26.51 2.6 30.8 16.62 3.4 24.0 28.22 2.7 32.4

 3 ................................................................... 7.61 4.2 13.2 7.52 6.4 9.7 – – –

 4 ................................................................... 9.04 5.9 14.3 9.38 7.9 13.2 8.49 11.1 16.6

 5 ................................................................... 12.41 4.1 21.5 13.11 7.1 22.0 11.96 8.3 21.3

 6 ................................................................... 15.42 5.1 24.6 13.83 2.6 27.9 17.89 6.5 20.9

 7 ................................................................... 24.26 5.9 35.9 18.19 4.7 32.7 25.15 6.7 36.4

 8 ................................................................... 24.34 4.9 32.7 17.10 10.6 26.0 25.56 4.6 34.2

 9 ................................................................... 32.12 2.9 32.0 20.75 6.6 22.6 32.61 2.9 32.6

10 ................................................................... 29.30 4.5 32.6 25.18 7.9 28.2 31.35 5.1 35.3

11 ................................................................... 30.77 7.0 36.2 30.65 9.2 27.8 30.79 7.7 37.6

12 ................................................................... 34.20 12.0 22.0 – – – 37.37 5.9 28.1

Not able to be leveled .................................... 17.81 6.4 26.7 – – – – – –

Substitute teachers ............................................ 10.00 3.5 16.1 9.31 7.5 12.3 10.02 3.6 16.2

 2 ................................................................... 6.23 5.4 10.7 – – – 6.23 5.4 10.7

 3 ................................................................... 7.19 1.5 9.4 – – – 7.19 1.5 9.4

 4 ................................................................... 7.60 4.6 20.1 – – – 7.61 4.6 20.1

 5 ................................................................... 9.03 2.6 15.0 9.01 9.0 10.8 9.03 2.7 15.1

 6 ................................................................... 11.93 12.6 13.9 9.35 3.6 8.1 12.07 13.2 14.5

 7 ................................................................... 10.45 3.3 18.0 9.15 13.0 22.2 10.52 3.5 17.9

 8 ................................................................... 14.31 12.1 14.8 – – – 14.29 12.3 15.3

 9 ................................................................... 15.80 12.8 27.4 – – – 15.88 12.9 28.5

Vocational and educational counselors ............. 24.78 3.8 36.5 15.79 4.2 37.0 27.34 3.9 36.4

 5 ................................................................... 13.11 8.3 35.6 11.61 7.1 38.6 14.84 12.2 32.6

 6 ................................................................... 12.35 4.1 37.2 11.35 3.2 37.6 16.06 2.0 35.7

 7 ................................................................... 18.96 7.0 38.7 15.66 7.1 38.4 20.03 8.9 38.8

 8 ................................................................... 25.03 5.6 36.8 16.36 5.6 36.8 27.45 5.4 36.8

See footnotes at end of table.

41
Table 2-4. Selected occupations1 and levels:2 Mean hourly earnings3 and weekly hours, private industry and State and local

government, National Compensation Survey,4 1998–Continued

Occupation and level

Total Private industry State and local

 government

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

Mean hours

Relative

error5

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error5

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error5

(percent)

White collar –Continued

Professional specialty and technical –Continued

Professional specialty –Continued

Teachers, except college and university

–Continued

Vocational and educational counselors

–Continued

 9 ................................................................... $28.28 6.8 35.9 $20.13 4.5 35.9 $29.46 7.1 35.9

10 ................................................................... 29.18 4.5 37.3 26.52 10.5 37.9 29.21 4.6 37.3

11 ................................................................... 33.13 7.7 35.3 25.22 10.2 38.0 34.24 7.9 35.0

Not able to be leveled .................................... 24.57 10.5 32.4 – – – 24.89 10.6 36.1

Librarians, archivists, and curators ........................ 21.39 2.2 36.5 21.02 3.8 35.4 21.56 2.9 37.1

 5 ................................................................... 13.89 5.5 34.8 12.95 5.1 32.7 14.56 8.5 36.6

 6 ................................................................... 13.08 13.0 33.4 9.50 12.1 27.7 14.35 15.0 36.0

 7 ................................................................... 16.74 7.1 36.4 15.89 5.0 35.9 17.07 9.3 36.5

 8 ................................................................... 21.26 5.1 38.2 21.33 6.6 39.3 21.25 5.9 38.0

 9 ................................................................... 23.87 4.0 36.5 20.82 4.5 35.0 25.50 5.2 37.3

10 ................................................................... 23.50 5.3 37.2 23.61 8.7 36.4 23.39 6.2 38.1

11 ................................................................... 25.16 6.8 35.9 30.20 6.7 36.1 22.91 8.6 35.8

12 ................................................................... 26.28 9.2 38.6 26.30 12.4 38.8 – – –

Librarians ........................................................... 21.53 2.3 36.5 20.47 3.6 35.2 21.95 3.0 37.0

 5 ................................................................... 14.20 5.9 36.0 13.01 5.5 35.0 15.15 8.9 36.9

 6 ................................................................... 13.05 13.2 33.3 9.18 12.2 27.3 14.35 15.0 36.0

 7 ................................................................... 17.12 7.9 35.9 16.45 3.2 35.7 17.37 10.5 36.0

 8 ................................................................... 21.30 5.4 37.9 20.87 8.7 37.3 21.36 6.0 38.0

 9 ................................................................... 24.44 3.9 36.4 21.68 3.2 35.1 25.78 5.4 37.1

10 ................................................................... 23.43 5.8 37.4 23.53 9.9 36.6 23.33 6.5 38.2

11 ................................................................... 24.72 8.1 35.4 27.83 8.5 34.0 23.82 9.5 35.8

12 ................................................................... 28.73 6.3 38.3 – – – – – –

Archivists and curators ...................................... 20.33 7.7 37.1 23.16 12.7 36.5 16.77 5.6 37.9

 7 ................................................................... 14.48 7.7 39.1 – – – – – –

 9 ................................................................... 17.62 10.4 36.6 – – – – – –

11 ................................................................... 26.65 16.4 37.7 – – – – – –

Social scientists and urban planners ..................... 23.65 3.0 36.7 23.07 3.7 35.9 24.27 4.7 37.5

 5 ................................................................... 12.61 6.8 35.2 13.04 6.5 32.8 – – –

 6 ................................................................... 15.30 3.9 35.3 15.02 5.0 37.5 16.35 4.7 28.9

 7 ................................................................... 17.82 3.0 39.0 18.59 3.9 39.1 16.69 5.5 38.9

 8 ................................................................... 20.41 3.5 35.5 19.52 5.5 37.7 21.45 3.8 33.3

 9 ................................................................... 23.93 8.5 35.3 20.22 6.4 33.4 26.89 11.0 37.1

10 ................................................................... 23.85 4.6 38.5 24.56 7.3 38.3 23.34 5.8 38.7

11 ................................................................... 28.94 3.4 36.8 30.80 4.8 33.4 27.82 3.9 39.1

12 ................................................................... 32.13 2.6 40.0 32.95 3.1 40.1 28.88 5.7 39.6

13 ................................................................... 40.70 6.5 34.2 41.49 6.2 33.9 – – –

Not able to be leveled .................................... 25.45 9.7 35.9 25.34 17.5 34.9 – – –

Economists ........................................................ 25.93 3.8 39.8 26.30 3.9 39.8 20.77 7.2 40.0

 5 ................................................................... 15.02 4.0 41.4 15.02 4.0 41.4 – – –

 6 ................................................................... 15.00 4.7 40.3 15.00 4.7 40.3 – – –

 7 ................................................................... 19.13 4.3 40.7 19.43 4.3 40.7 – – –

 8 ................................................................... 23.66 6.4 39.5 23.66 6.4 39.5 – – –

 9 ................................................................... 24.36 5.2 40.0 25.00 4.8 40.0 – – –

10 ................................................................... 29.60 4.5 38.2 29.65 4.5 38.1 – – –

11 ................................................................... 30.31 7.9 38.9 32.82 5.2 38.5 – – –

12 ................................................................... 33.54 3.6 40.6 33.54 3.6 40.6 – – –

Not able to be leveled .................................... 26.26 18.6 41.1 26.26 18.6 41.1 – – –

Psychologists ..................................................... 23.81 5.0 34.6 18.27 4.0 31.5 27.38 5.4 37.0

 5 ................................................................... 11.89 10.6 28.1 – – – – – –

 6 ................................................................... 15.21 6.9 31.7 14.62 9.7 35.5 – – –

 7 ................................................................... 15.63 4.9 37.1 15.98 7.0 32.8 15.46 6.8 39.5

 8 ................................................................... 19.50 4.8 36.3 16.07 7.2 36.4 22.07 5.1 36.3

 9 ................................................................... 25.37 12.8 32.8 15.53 3.0 28.6 31.18 10.9 35.8

10 ................................................................... 24.51 7.9 37.8 19.62 5.7 38.4 29.69 9.6 37.3

11 ................................................................... 28.42 3.6 36.3 27.97 7.5 29.3 28.55 4.2 38.9

See footnotes at end of table.

42
Table 2-4. Selected occupations1 and levels:2 Mean hourly earnings3 and weekly hours, private industry and State and local

government, National Compensation Survey,4 1998–Continued

Occupation and level

Total Private industry State and local

 government

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

Mean hours

Relative

error5

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error5

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error5

(percent)

White collar –Continued

Professional specialty and technical –Continued

Professional specialty –Continued

Social scientists and urban planners –Continued

Psychologists –Continued

12 ................................................................... $28.59 5.0 38.7 $28.82 8.8 37.2 $28.47 5.9 39.5

Sociologists ........................................................ 17.54 3.2 39.3 – – – – – –

Social scientists, n.e.c. ...................................... 16.66 10.9 37.7 25.60 5.5 32.6 13.51 11.0 39.9

 8 ................................................................... 20.11 2.0 38.6 – – – – – –

 9 ................................................................... 15.03 7.6 39.9 – – – – – –

Urban planners .................................................. 22.08 3.5 36.8 – – – 22.33 3.4 36.7

 7 ................................................................... 16.34 7.1 39.6 – – – 17.08 7.1 39.4

 9 ................................................................... 21.05 3.8 39.9 – – – 21.05 3.8 39.9

10 ................................................................... 25.40 4.8 38.6 – – – 25.40 4.8 38.6

Social, recreation, and religious workers ............... 15.87 1.3 37.6 14.45 1.6 37.0 16.73 1.6 37.9

 3 ................................................................... 6.08 14.5 33.9 – – – – – –

 4 ................................................................... 8.85 2.7 27.1 9.48 3.6 36.2 7.61 2.8 18.1

 5 ................................................................... 11.59 1.5 37.1 10.67 1.6 36.2 12.20 2.1 37.8

 6 ................................................................... 13.18 2.4 38.2 11.12 2.5 38.0 14.45 2.8 38.3

 7 ................................................................... 14.63 1.4 37.9 13.68 1.9 37.7 15.23 1.7 38.0

 8 ................................................................... 15.44 1.8 38.0 14.42 2.8 37.7 16.02 2.4 38.2

 9 ................................................................... 18.49 1.9 37.1 17.56 2.2 35.3 19.04 2.6 38.3

10 ................................................................... 19.68 4.6 38.9 18.19 7.2 39.3 21.39 4.0 38.5

11 ................................................................... 22.76 6.1 37.7 19.98 8.3 36.6 24.22 7.7 38.4

12 ................................................................... 27.08 10.3 38.0 – – – 27.01 11.1 40.0

Not able to be leveled .................................... 19.82 4.9 35.7 – – – 19.89 5.0 35.7

Social workers ................................................... 16.06 1.3 37.8 14.59 1.7 36.8 16.88 1.7 38.4

 5 ................................................................... 11.72 2.0 38.4 10.70 2.0 37.1 12.31 2.9 39.1

 6 ................................................................... 13.26 2.6 38.1 11.00 2.8 37.9 14.55 2.7 38.3

 7 ................................................................... 14.51 1.4 38.0 13.76 2.0 38.0 15.00 1.8 38.0

 8 ................................................................... 15.54 2.0 38.2 14.53 3.0 37.6 16.05 2.5 38.5

 9 ................................................................... 18.47 1.9 37.1 17.31 2.1 35.2 19.11 2.6 38.3

10 ................................................................... 20.24 3.5 37.9 18.85 5.3 37.0 21.60 4.1 38.9

11 ................................................................... 23.48 5.9 36.8 21.67 6.1 33.5 24.22 7.7 38.4

12 ................................................................... 26.97 10.8 38.0 – – – 27.01 11.1 40.0

Not able to be leveled .................................... 20.36 5.1 38.9 – – – 20.37 5.2 39.0

Recreation workers ............................................ 13.11 3.7 33.4 11.64 3.8 36.2 14.34 4.9 31.3

 3 ................................................................... 5.79 14.4 33.6 – – – – – –

 4 ................................................................... 8.21 5.3 23.3 8.86 6.6 33.8 – – –

 5 ................................................................... 10.58 3.7 30.7 10.25 3.1 33.1 11.03 7.6 27.9

 6 ................................................................... 12.41 8.4 39.0 11.91 5.2 39.9 13.01 15.7 37.9

 7 ................................................................... 16.03 4.4 38.0 12.56 7.1 35.1 17.26 3.3 39.1

 8 ................................................................... 14.47 5.9 34.7 14.10 9.1 39.3 14.96 6.1 30.2

 9 ................................................................... 15.53 9.6 34.5 – – – – – –

Clergy ................................................................ 15.21 15.8 42.2 15.23 16.4 43.0 – – –

 8 ................................................................... 15.33 10.8 36.9 15.33 10.8 36.9 – – –

 9 ................................................................... 18.30 11.6 36.3 18.30 11.6 36.3 – – –

11 ................................................................... 13.79 30.2 55.0 13.79 30.2 55.0 – – –

Religious workers, n.e.c. .................................... 20.55 15.8 36.6 20.55 15.8 36.6 – – –

 9 ................................................................... 24.54 10.6 39.9 24.54 10.6 39.9 – – –

Lawyers and judges ............................................... 36.62 2.4 40.0 41.44 2.6 43.8 31.00 3.3 36.3

 7 ................................................................... 20.02 10.0 38.2 – – – 17.95 8.3 37.4

 8 ................................................................... 21.13 5.1 37.5 22.26 7.9 41.5 20.40 6.7 35.4

 9 ................................................................... 22.44 4.5 37.1 25.92 7.8 42.2 20.62 3.8 34.9

10 ................................................................... 28.09 3.8 39.4 31.82 5.3 44.1 22.11 4.5 33.6

11 ................................................................... 30.59 4.6 38.4 33.69 5.1 43.1 26.90 6.2 34.0

12 ................................................................... 40.46 4.3 41.6 42.34 5.2 45.0 35.62 6.5 34.8

13 ................................................................... 48.02 3.2 42.9 48.39 3.9 44.0 46.75 4.9 39.4

14 ................................................................... 53.11 4.8 44.0 55.84 6.2 44.4 46.64 6.1 43.2

15 ................................................................... 43.16 3.5 40.6 68.38 8.5 43.0 – – –

Not able to be leveled .................................... 34.81 8.1 37.9 47.19 9.7 40.4 32.46 8.8 37.5

Lawyers ............................................................. 36.30 2.6 40.3 41.43 2.6 43.8 29.55 3.0 36.5

See footnotes at end of table.

43
Table 2-4. Selected occupations1 and levels:2 Mean hourly earnings3 and weekly hours, private industry and State and local

government, National Compensation Survey,4 1998–Continued

Occupation and level

Total Private industry State and local

 government

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

Mean hours

Relative

error5

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error5

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error5

(percent)

White collar –Continued

Professional specialty and technical –Continued

Professional specialty –Continued

Lawyers and judges –Continued

Lawyers –Continued

 7 ................................................................... $20.02 10.0 38.2 – – – $17.95 8.3 37.4

 8 ................................................................... 21.13 5.1 37.5 $22.26 7.9 41.5 20.40 6.7 35.4

 9 ................................................................... 22.30 4.7 37.8 25.53 7.9 42.2 20.39 3.2 35.5

10 ................................................................... 28.37 3.9 41.0 31.82 5.3 44.1 22.04 5.0 36.3

11 ................................................................... 30.56 4.6 38.8 33.69 5.1 43.1 26.81 6.2 34.6

12 ................................................................... 40.42 4.4 41.6 42.34 5.2 45.0 35.07 7.1 34.4

13 ................................................................... 48.10 3.3 43.3 48.39 3.9 44.0 46.92 5.4 40.5

14 ................................................................... 53.73 5.4 44.6 55.84 6.2 44.4 – – –

15 ................................................................... 43.16 3.5 40.6 68.38 8.5 43.0 – – –

Not able to be leveled .................................... 32.11 6.0 37.8 47.19 9.7 40.4 28.50 3.8 37.2

Judges ............................................................... 42.18 7.0 34.7 – – – 42.07 7.1 34.7

13 ................................................................... 45.72 10.8 33.6 – – – 45.72 10.8 33.6

Not able to be leveled .................................... 47.40 3.8 38.7 – – – 47.40 3.8 38.7

Writers, authors, entertainers, athletes, and

professionals, n.e.c. ............................................. 23.92 3.8 36.4 24.21 4.2 36.7 21.56 4.7 34.1

 4 ................................................................... 10.53 15.5 31.9 10.54 15.6 32.0 – – –

 5 ................................................................... 14.36 2.8 37.7 14.23 2.9 39.1 16.34 10.5 25.0

 6 ................................................................... 13.89 2.4 38.8 13.94 2.6 39.0 13.55 4.6 37.4

 7 ................................................................... 18.06 2.2 39.1 18.09 2.4 39.3 17.82 6.0 37.6

 8 ................................................................... 19.90 2.2 38.7 19.89 2.4 38.6 19.94 3.9 39.5

 9 ................................................................... 23.21 2.6 38.5 23.24 2.8 38.6 22.72 4.1 37.6

10 ................................................................... 26.11 4.4 40.4 27.14 4.2 40.0 – – –

11 ................................................................... 31.33 3.2 38.9 31.52 3.3 38.9 26.37 6.0 39.9

12 ................................................................... 36.90 3.4 39.3 37.66 3.4 40.3 – – –

13 ................................................................... 41.26 4.5 39.5 41.32 4.6 39.4 – – –

14 ................................................................... 42.63 3.8 40.9 43.23 4.3 41.0 – – –

Not able to be leveled .................................... 28.20 12.2 30.3 29.22 14.1 30.1 23.38 9.5 31.1

Technical writers ................................................ 21.50 6.8 38.9 21.50 6.8 38.9 – – –

 5 ................................................................... 14.60 3.2 38.6 14.60 3.2 38.6 – – –

 6 ................................................................... 16.72 7.7 39.8 16.72 7.7 39.8 – – –

 7 ................................................................... 19.14 3.6 39.4 19.10 3.6 39.4 – – –

 8 ................................................................... 19.18 5.3 39.4 19.18 5.3 39.4 – – –

 9 ................................................................... 21.81 4.7 36.6 21.81 4.7 36.6 – – –

11 ................................................................... 29.97 5.1 40.2 29.97 5.1 40.2 – – –

Designers ........................................................... 22.27 3.9 39.7 22.40 4.0 39.8 15.97 8.7 36.8

 4 ................................................................... 8.43 4.4 33.9 8.43 4.4 33.9 – – –

 5 ................................................................... 14.56 4.6 39.2 14.56 4.6 39.2 – – –

 6 ................................................................... 15.53 3.3 38.9 15.76 3.3 39.7 14.38 10.2 35.3

 7 ................................................................... 18.45 2.8 39.7 18.48 2.9 39.7 – – –

 8 ................................................................... 20.17 3.8 38.6 20.17 3.8 38.6 – – –

 9 ................................................................... 22.94 3.4 39.9 22.99 3.5 39.9 – – –

10 ................................................................... 27.51 6.1 41.1 27.51 6.1 41.1 – – –

11 ................................................................... 30.57 7.3 40.8 30.57 7.3 40.8 – – –

12 ................................................................... 36.00 5.2 42.7 36.00 5.2 42.7 – – –

Musicians and composers ................................. 36.96 20.4 15.4 38.79 20.3 15.2 14.89 9.0 18.0

Not able to be leveled .................................... 36.96 20.4 15.4 38.79 20.3 15.2 14.89 9.0 18.0

Actors and directors ........................................... 33.29 21.2 34.5 33.51 21.3 35.0 – – –

Not able to be leveled .................................... 33.29 21.2 34.5 33.51 21.3 35.0 – – –

Painters, sculptors, craft artists, and artist

printmakers ...................................................... 25.94 23.5 39.6 26.60 24.6 39.6 18.17 11.0 39.6

Not able to be leveled .................................... 25.94 23.5 39.6 26.60 24.6 39.6 18.17 11.0 39.6

Photographers ................................................... 17.11 7.1 38.9 17.18 7.8 38.8 – – –

 5 ................................................................... 13.72 10.9 40.0 13.72 10.9 40.0 – – –

 6 ................................................................... 15.34 6.6 39.9 14.87 9.1 39.8 – – –

 7 ................................................................... 21.61 21.4 41.0 24.79 23.5 41.6 – – –

 8 ................................................................... 20.50 6.9 39.3 20.71 6.9 39.3 – – –

 9 ................................................................... 23.59 4.7 39.4 23.59 4.7 39.4 – – –

See footnotes at end of table.

44
Table 2-4. Selected occupations1 and levels:2 Mean hourly earnings3 and weekly hours, private industry and State and local

government, National Compensation Survey,4 1998–Continued

Occupation and level

Total Private industry State and local

 government

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

Mean hours

Relative

error5

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error5

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error5

(percent)

White collar –Continued

Professional specialty and technical –Continued

Professional specialty –Continued

Writers, authors, entertainers, athletes, and

professionals, n.e.c. –Continued

Artists, performers, and related workers, n.e.c. $13.30 9.6 27.1 $12.76 12.1 27.0 $15.41 2.7 27.3

Not able to be leveled .................................... 13.30 9.6 27.1 12.76 12.1 27.0 15.41 2.7 27.3

Editors and reporters ......................................... 23.14 4.9 38.7 23.29 5.0 38.8 18.90 5.2 38.3

 4 ................................................................... 16.91 25.1 30.5 – – – – – –

 5 ................................................................... 12.44 4.6 38.2 12.45 4.6 38.2 – – –

 6 ................................................................... 13.06 4.3 37.5 13.08 4.4 37.7 – – –

 7 ................................................................... 16.47 3.6 38.9 16.27 3.5 38.9 – – –

 8 ................................................................... 21.47 4.4 38.6 21.53 4.7 38.5 – – –

 9 ................................................................... 22.51 6.4 39.0 22.51 6.4 39.0 – – –

10 ................................................................... 27.57 8.7 39.7 27.57 8.7 39.7 – – –

11 ................................................................... 33.60 7.1 39.1 33.92 7.3 39.1 – – –

12 ................................................................... 47.02 11.3 38.9 47.02 11.3 38.9 – – –

13 ................................................................... 43.47 7.5 37.4 43.47 7.5 37.4 – – –

Not able to be leveled .................................... 48.50 26.4 42.5 57.75 20.8 43.4 – – –

Public relations specialists ................................. 20.57 4.9 36.6 21.03 6.4 37.3 19.16 4.9 34.4

 5 ................................................................... 13.26 10.7 30.7 11.73 8.5 38.9 15.61 12.1 23.3

 6 ................................................................... 12.72 4.5 40.0 12.91 5.6 40.2 – – –

 7 ................................................................... 18.88 8.5 37.7 17.98 6.3 37.9 20.65 19.3 37.1

 8 ................................................................... 17.77 3.9 37.1 17.84 4.9 36.3 17.56 5.5 39.9

 9 ................................................................... 22.17 3.6 36.1 22.05 4.4 35.6 22.63 4.9 38.4

10 ................................................................... 25.36 9.3 39.5 28.88 8.4 39.2 – – –

11 ................................................................... 33.52 8.7 37.8 34.02 9.7 37.6 – – –

12 ................................................................... 39.89 6.3 37.6 39.89 6.3 37.6 – – –

Announcers ........................................................ 22.52 21.9 25.7 22.52 21.9 25.7 – – –

Not able to be leveled .................................... 22.52 21.9 25.7 22.52 21.9 25.7 – – –

Athletes .............................................................. 33.28 40.1 23.9 – – – 25.25 17.8 26.5

Not able to be leveled .................................... 33.28 40.1 23.9 – – – 25.25 17.8 26.5

Professional, n.e.c. ............................................ 25.63 3.1 38.9 26.04 3.5 39.4 23.78 6.5 37.2

 5 ................................................................... 16.24 3.9 39.0 16.04 4.0 39.1 – – –

 6 ................................................................... 13.41 5.7 39.7 13.46 6.8 40.0 – – –

 7 ................................................................... 18.38 4.0 38.9 18.92 4.6 39.6 16.35 3.3 36.6

 8 ................................................................... 19.76 3.6 39.5 19.17 4.5 39.6 21.37 4.8 39.2

 9 ................................................................... 25.49 3.7 39.3 25.59 3.9 39.5 23.77 8.2 34.9

10 ................................................................... 24.12 6.8 41.1 25.78 5.1 40.1 – – –

11 ................................................................... 29.48 4.9 38.0 29.70 5.1 37.9 – – –

12 ................................................................... 34.61 2.7 38.1 35.61 2.6 39.7 – – –

13 ................................................................... 39.22 2.3 40.0 39.22 2.3 40.0 – – –

14 ................................................................... 45.06 5.1 40.0 – – – – – –

Not able to be leveled .................................... 26.25 7.5 38.3 26.43 11.0 38.8 25.95 8.1 37.4

Technical ................................................................... 17.83 1.2 36.8 18.48 1.4 36.6 15.02 1.2 37.5

 2 ................................................................... 8.05 2.5 33.7 7.83 2.9 31.9 8.59 3.1 39.1

 3 ................................................................... 9.65 2.4 32.7 9.75 2.6 33.1 9.04 2.9 30.1

 4 ................................................................... 11.60 1.1 36.0 11.80 1.2 35.9 10.86 2.4 36.5

 5 ................................................................... 13.40 .8 36.2 13.55 1.0 35.8 12.81 1.5 38.0

 6 ................................................................... 15.07 1.7 36.7 15.44 1.6 36.6 13.78 3.0 37.0

 7 ................................................................... 18.11 1.5 37.9 18.39 1.8 37.9 16.85 1.5 37.6

 8 ................................................................... 19.32 .9 38.6 19.66 1.0 38.6 17.75 2.0 38.6

 9 ................................................................... 23.94 2.0 38.2 24.61 2.3 38.1 20.89 1.5 38.5

10 ................................................................... 29.74 5.2 38.0 30.38 5.6 37.8 23.89 6.2 39.2

11 ................................................................... 55.88 8.1 30.8 56.73 8.2 30.6 26.63 8.9 39.7

12 ................................................................... 69.58 19.6 27.2 69.58 19.6 27.2 – – –

13 ................................................................... 142.31 9.1 20.4 142.31 9.1 20.4 – – –

Not able to be leveled .................................... 18.68 4.0 36.5 18.61 4.4 36.6 19.22 8.2 35.8

Clinical laboratory technologists and

technicians ....................................................... 15.39 1.7 37.2 15.47 2.0 36.9 15.02 5.4 38.5

 2 ................................................................... 7.24 4.6 34.8 7.24 4.6 34.8 – – –

 3 ................................................................... 9.50 2.2 35.5 9.42 2.3 35.3 – – –

See footnotes at end of table.

45
Table 2-4. Selected occupations1 and levels:2 Mean hourly earnings3 and weekly hours, private industry and State and local

government, National Compensation Survey,4 1998–Continued

Occupation and level

Total Private industry State and local

 government

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

Mean hours

Relative

error5

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error5

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error5

(percent)

White collar –Continued

Professional specialty and technical –Continued

Technical –Continued

Clinical laboratory technologists and

technicians –Continued

 4 ................................................................... $10.84 2.5 36.7 $10.99 3.7 35.7 $10.53 1.2 38.7

 5 ................................................................... 13.14 4.2 37.4 13.50 4.1 37.0 11.60 9.4 39.0

 6 ................................................................... 14.34 4.8 38.1 14.37 5.3 38.2 13.95 5.6 37.7

 7 ................................................................... 16.38 3.2 37.3 16.25 3.5 37.0 17.28 4.4 39.3

 8 ................................................................... 17.75 2.1 37.3 17.78 2.6 36.7 17.66 4.4 39.2

 9 ................................................................... 19.48 1.5 37.2 19.74 1.7 37.4 18.28 2.6 36.2

10 ................................................................... 21.95 3.3 38.6 21.60 3.6 38.4 – – –

11 ................................................................... 23.11 3.4 37.7 22.73 3.5 37.5 – – –

Dental hygienists ............................................... 19.86 8.2 35.7 23.17 2.0 32.3 – – –

Health record technologists and technicians ..... 12.17 3.6 34.6 12.02 4.0 34.8 13.00 7.7 33.6

 2 ................................................................... 8.45 7.0 38.1 – – – – – –

 3 ................................................................... 10.29 14.0 33.1 10.32 14.4 33.6 – – –

 4 ................................................................... 10.71 2.9 36.0 10.77 3.0 36.0 – – –

 5 ................................................................... 11.60 5.7 32.4 11.38 5.6 32.2 – – –

 6 ................................................................... 15.34 3.1 36.0 15.62 1.9 37.8 – – –

 7 ................................................................... 16.48 6.5 39.6 16.77 8.0 39.5 – – –

 8 ................................................................... 18.23 2.7 29.6 – – – – – –

 9 ................................................................... 19.45 2.9 36.8 – – – – – –

Radiological technicians .................................... 16.91 1.7 33.5 17.00 1.6 33.7 16.38 7.2 32.2

 4 ................................................................... 13.86 8.9 34.5 14.59 8.8 33.6 – – –

 5 ................................................................... 14.29 2.0 30.9 14.35 2.2 29.6 13.97 4.3 40.0

 6 ................................................................... 15.72 2.0 34.3 15.88 2.3 35.0 14.51 2.1 29.8

 7 ................................................................... 18.64 2.8 31.0 18.64 2.7 31.7 18.69 11.9 26.9

 8 ................................................................... 18.77 3.2 37.0 18.32 1.8 38.1 20.91 13.9 32.7

 9 ................................................................... 21.83 4.1 37.2 22.64 4.1 37.4 – – –

Licensed practical nurses .................................. 12.98 .9 34.8 13.04 1.0 34.2 12.77 2.0 37.3

 4 ................................................................... 11.81 2.0 35.3 11.85 2.2 34.6 11.60 5.3 39.0

 5 ................................................................... 12.78 1.3 34.3 12.83 1.6 33.7 12.57 1.9 37.4

 6 ................................................................... 13.10 2.5 34.9 13.40 2.7 34.3 11.97 3.0 37.3

 7 ................................................................... 14.21 1.3 35.2 13.95 1.4 35.2 15.09 2.2 35.4

 8 ................................................................... 14.89 3.7 35.8 14.69 4.3 35.1 15.79 5.8 39.3

Health technologists and technicians, n.e.c. ...... 13.35 1.2 35.0 13.26 1.4 34.2 13.57 2.3 36.9

 2 ................................................................... 8.23 2.6 34.2 8.42 4.0 29.0 8.08 3.3 40.0

 3 ................................................................... 9.25 3.5 29.7 9.41 3.5 28.9 8.19 9.5 36.1

 4 ................................................................... 10.76 1.8 34.0 11.04 2.1 34.4 9.91 3.6 32.8

 5 ................................................................... 12.94 1.7 35.9 12.97 1.9 35.2 12.81 3.8 38.5

 6 ................................................................... 13.80 2.0 34.7 13.61 2.5 33.2 14.10 3.5 37.1

 7 ................................................................... 15.97 2.0 38.2 16.26 2.8 37.4 15.47 2.5 39.6

 8 ................................................................... 16.92 2.2 35.5 17.00 2.5 34.3 16.70 5.0 39.3

 9 ................................................................... 21.72 3.2 37.0 19.64 5.6 35.9 24.16 3.1 38.4

11 ................................................................... 38.41 3.5 40.0 – – – – – –

Not able to be leveled .................................... 16.42 9.1 36.9 16.45 11.3 36.2 – – –

Electrical and electronic technicians .................. 18.35 1.8 39.8 18.64 1.2 39.9 14.75 14.6 38.6

 2 ................................................................... 9.02 4.1 39.3 – – – – – –

 3 ................................................................... 10.78 8.0 34.9 11.15 6.9 40.0 – – –

 4 ................................................................... 11.99 1.8 38.7 12.13 1.5 39.0 – – –

 5 ................................................................... 14.26 3.4 39.6 14.26 3.5 39.8 – – –

 6 ................................................................... 15.37 7.4 39.9 16.72 1.9 39.9 11.44 16.0 39.7

 7 ................................................................... 19.35 1.8 39.9 19.43 1.9 39.9 17.71 5.1 39.9

 8 ................................................................... 20.27 1.7 39.9 20.19 1.8 40.0 21.91 6.6 38.9

 9 ................................................................... 23.18 1.9 39.9 23.17 2.0 39.9 – – –

10 ................................................................... 24.22 1.6 40.0 23.76 1.6 40.0 – – –

Not able to be leveled .................................... 15.44 5.2 39.9 15.27 5.5 40.0 – – –

Industrial engineering technicians ..................... 18.71 4.6 40.3 18.87 4.5 40.3 – – –

 5 ................................................................... 14.76 3.1 39.3 14.76 3.1 39.3 – – –

 7 ................................................................... 18.65 3.0 40.8 19.45 3.7 41.0 – – –

Mechanical engineering technicians .................. 19.24 4.0 40.1 19.97 1.9 40.1 – – –

See footnotes at end of table.

46
Table 2-4. Selected occupations1 and levels:2 Mean hourly earnings3 and weekly hours, private industry and State and local

government, National Compensation Survey,4 1998–Continued

Occupation and level

Total Private industry State and local

 government

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

Mean hours

Relative

error5

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error5

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error5

(percent)

White collar –Continued

Professional specialty and technical –Continued

Technical –Continued

Mechanical engineering technicians

–Continued

 4 ................................................................... $13.80 8.3 36.5 $13.80 8.3 36.5 – – –

 5 ................................................................... 13.50 6.0 39.7 15.06 7.2 39.3 – – –

 6 ................................................................... 16.17 7.7 40.8 16.17 7.7 40.8 – – –

 7 ................................................................... 19.72 3.2 40.0 19.65 3.3 40.0 – – –

 8 ................................................................... 21.93 3.1 39.9 21.93 3.1 39.9 – – –

 9 ................................................................... 23.86 3.3 41.5 23.86 3.3 41.5 – – –

Engineering technicians, n.e.c. .......................... 18.80 1.6 39.3 19.61 1.8 39.6 $16.82 3.4 38.7

 3 ................................................................... 10.44 5.3 40.0 11.27 6.1 39.9 – – –

 4 ................................................................... 12.07 3.8 38.1 11.88 4.3 39.4 – – –

 5 ................................................................... 13.99 2.4 39.7 14.80 2.9 39.8 12.61 4.4 39.6

 6 ................................................................... 16.40 2.6 38.4 16.50 2.7 38.2 16.17 5.8 38.9

 7 ................................................................... 18.01 2.6 39.9 18.70 3.1 40.0 16.66 3.6 39.7

 8 ................................................................... 21.13 2.9 40.2 22.06 2.5 40.3 18.17 4.5 39.9

 9 ................................................................... 22.26 2.2 38.4 22.84 1.7 39.4 20.83 2.8 36.0

10 ................................................................... 26.92 1.9 39.6 27.18 2.1 40.0 – – –

11 ................................................................... 33.57 8.3 40.0 33.57 8.3 40.0 – – –

Drafters .............................................................. 18.71 3.9 39.6 18.75 4.3 39.6 18.32 4.6 39.3

 3 ................................................................... 9.88 7.1 39.2 9.88 7.1 39.2 – – –

 4 ................................................................... 13.15 5.3 37.4 13.22 5.4 37.4 – – –

 5 ................................................................... 14.50 3.0 39.2 14.51 3.2 39.4 14.39 8.8 36.6

 6 ................................................................... 17.75 3.3 40.2 17.71 3.6 40.2 – – –

 7 ................................................................... 20.61 9.4 40.1 20.66 11.1 40.1 20.37 4.1 40.0

 8 ................................................................... 19.60 2.3 40.3 19.60 2.3 40.3 – – –

 9 ................................................................... 24.74 3.2 39.5 24.92 3.3 39.5 – – –

10 ................................................................... 30.66 3.1 40.9 30.66 3.1 40.9 – – –

11 ................................................................... 32.42 7.0 40.0 32.42 7.0 40.0 – – –

Surveying and mapping technicians .................. 15.92 5.6 39.6 15.79 8.6 40.0 16.08 6.2 39.2

 4 ................................................................... 12.37 4.8 40.0 – – – – – –

 5 ................................................................... 13.36 4.2 39.5 14.58 5.2 40.0 11.75 7.0 38.8

 6 ................................................................... 19.73 15.1 40.2 20.37 17.3 40.2 – – –

 7 ................................................................... 18.06 4.1 39.0 19.09 6.1 40.0 17.60 5.9 38.5

 8 ................................................................... 19.44 7.0 40.0 18.34 11.5 40.0 20.53 6.7 40.0

Biological technicians ........................................ 15.13 4.4 37.1 16.77 5.7 39.5 12.60 4.3 34.0

 3 ................................................................... 8.74 3.0 25.2 – – – – – –

 4 ................................................................... 11.27 7.4 39.6 11.70 10.6 39.4 – – –

 5 ................................................................... 13.74 3.6 39.7 14.07 6.3 40.0 – – –

 6 ................................................................... 16.50 12.5 39.8 17.30 12.3 39.8 – – –

 7 ................................................................... 17.75 4.7 37.8 19.09 4.8 40.0 15.29 4.9 34.4

 8 ................................................................... 18.24 8.9 38.8 21.21 5.1 38.2 – – –

Chemical technicians ......................................... 17.11 2.3 39.7 17.02 2.5 39.8 19.37 5.0 38.1

 4 ................................................................... 14.30 5.2 38.8 14.34 5.4 39.5 – – –

 5 ................................................................... 14.83 3.2 39.6 14.82 3.2 39.6 – – –

 6 ................................................................... 18.05 4.2 40.2 18.04 4.3 40.2 – – –

 7 ................................................................... 16.99 5.0 39.5 16.96 5.0 39.5 – – –

 8 ................................................................... 19.56 3.4 40.0 19.68 3.8 40.0 18.71 4.1 40.0

 9 ................................................................... 24.73 8.1 39.6 – – – – – –

Science technicians, n.e.c. ................................ 18.18 3.2 38.3 18.65 3.4 38.4 15.57 4.3 38.0

 4 ................................................................... 14.37 3.8 40.0 14.81 4.2 40.0 – – –

 5 ................................................................... 16.07 4.5 39.3 15.99 4.7 39.3 – – –

 6 ................................................................... 18.94 4.5 38.7 20.59 3.9 39.5 13.95 6.8 36.5

 7 ................................................................... 18.51 4.5 38.0 18.92 5.2 37.9 16.52 7.0 38.2

 8 ................................................................... 17.92 6.0 39.2 18.28 7.1 39.0 16.45 7.7 40.0

 9 ................................................................... 21.77 4.9 39.6 21.73 4.9 39.6 – – –

Not able to be leveled .................................... 19.94 8.8 28.5 – – – – – –

Airplane pilots and navigators ............................ 79.22 9.4 23.6 79.93 9.5 23.5 – – –

 7 ................................................................... 35.66 21.0 32.1 35.66 21.0 32.1 – – –

 8 ................................................................... 25.91 5.8 32.8 25.91 5.8 32.8 – – –

See footnotes at end of table.

47
Table 2-4. Selected occupations1 and levels:2 Mean hourly earnings3 and weekly hours, private industry and State and local

government, National Compensation Survey,4 1998–Continued

Occupation and level

Total Private industry State and local

 government

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

Mean hours

Relative

error5

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error5

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error5

(percent)

White collar –Continued

Professional specialty and technical –Continued

Technical –Continued

Airplane pilots and navigators –Continued

 9 ................................................................... $54.78 14.8 24.9 $57.02 14.6 24.3 – – –

10 ................................................................... 73.24 23.0 23.1 73.24 23.0 23.1 – – –

11 ................................................................... 116.38 6.0 20.0 116.38 6.0 20.0 – – –

12 ................................................................... 108.58 10.3 19.7 108.58 10.3 19.7 – – –

Broadcast equipment operators ......................... 17.82 11.0 35.7 17.95 12.5 35.5 $17.04 8.8 37.0

 2 ................................................................... 6.90 .0 28.1 6.90 .0 28.1 – – –

 3 ................................................................... 7.49 2.5 23.7 7.47 2.7 24.8 – – –

 4 ................................................................... 10.64 8.4 35.7 10.77 8.9 35.6 – – –

 5 ................................................................... 11.76 5.5 39.9 11.81 5.7 40.0 – – –

 6 ................................................................... 16.98 17.6 39.5 18.22 19.2 40.0 – – –

 7 ................................................................... 16.88 4.8 36.6 16.88 4.8 36.6 – – –

 8 ................................................................... 18.99 10.7 39.8 – – – – – –

 9 ................................................................... 22.74 8.9 39.4 24.54 9.5 39.1 – – –

Computer programmers ..................................... 22.06 1.9 39.5 22.38 2.0 39.4 19.51 4.0 39.7

 4 ................................................................... 12.58 13.4 39.6 12.58 13.4 39.6 – – –

 5 ................................................................... 15.52 4.1 37.3 15.73 4.4 37.3 – – –

 6 ................................................................... 17.16 4.1 38.1 17.21 4.3 38.1 – – –

 7 ................................................................... 19.91 3.6 39.9 20.15 3.7 39.9 17.53 5.9 40.0

 8 ................................................................... 19.98 2.1 39.4 20.52 2.1 39.6 17.28 5.5 38.9

 9 ................................................................... 24.35 2.1 39.9 24.65 2.4 39.7 22.57 2.8 41.0

10 ................................................................... 29.87 4.1 39.8 30.18 4.2 39.8 – – –

11 ................................................................... 30.32 3.9 40.0 30.32 3.9 40.0 – – –

Not able to be leveled .................................... 18.46 9.4 39.4 18.28 10.3 40.0 – – –

Tool programmers, numerical control ................ 17.32 4.7 40.1 17.32 4.7 40.1 – – –

 7 ................................................................... 16.69 3.8 40.0 16.69 3.8 40.0 – – –

 8 ................................................................... 21.53 8.7 40.0 21.53 8.7 40.0 – – –

Legal assistants ................................................. 17.19 2.6 39.3 17.91 2.7 39.4 15.40 5.2 39.2

 4 ................................................................... 11.61 5.4 39.4 12.17 3.4 40.0 – – –

 5 ................................................................... 15.08 6.4 39.4 15.32 9.4 39.8 14.85 8.3 38.9

 6 ................................................................... 16.26 4.3 39.8 17.37 4.4 39.6 14.58 4.3 40.0

 7 ................................................................... 16.99 2.3 39.0 17.00 2.1 39.2 16.97 7.5 38.4

 8 ................................................................... 17.86 3.8 39.5 17.92 4.1 39.4 – – –

 9 ................................................................... 21.89 9.1 39.7 24.62 7.4 39.5 – – –

Technical and related, n.e.c. .............................. 18.60 1.7 38.4 19.44 2.0 39.0 16.12 4.5 36.9

 2 ................................................................... 8.61 3.9 31.2 7.97 3.2 24.3 – – –

 3 ................................................................... 8.99 6.0 34.5 8.98 6.5 37.3 – – –

 4 ................................................................... 12.16 3.4 38.3 12.45 4.1 37.9 11.35 8.5 39.4

 5 ................................................................... 13.36 2.9 38.4 13.69 2.5 39.2 12.59 4.0 36.6

 6 ................................................................... 15.40 2.5 37.3 15.43 3.1 38.7 15.34 4.5 34.5

 7 ................................................................... 19.31 2.1 39.2 19.68 2.4 39.9 18.24 4.1 37.1

 8 ................................................................... 19.38 3.6 38.7 20.32 3.9 39.0 16.82 5.5 37.8

 9 ................................................................... 22.56 3.1 39.7 23.18 3.4 39.6 20.84 .2 40.0

10 ................................................................... 24.98 4.6 40.0 25.97 3.2 40.0 – – –

11 ................................................................... 35.12 3.8 39.3 35.73 3.3 39.2 – – –

Not able to be leveled .................................... 20.08 6.9 36.3 19.78 7.4 37.2 – – –

Executive, administrative, and managerial ............... 27.78 .7 40.0 28.63 .9 40.5 24.99 1.1 38.6

 4 ................................................................... 8.94 8.3 40.7 9.20 7.8 43.5 – – –

 5 ................................................................... 14.05 1.5 39.8 14.08 1.7 40.1 13.91 3.4 38.5

 6 ................................................................... 15.04 1.5 39.7 15.53 1.5 40.0 13.90 3.0 39.2

 7 ................................................................... 17.47 .7 39.6 17.59 .8 39.9 17.09 1.5 38.6

 8 ................................................................... 19.21 .9 40.0 19.35 1.1 40.4 18.75 1.8 38.7

 9 ................................................................... 23.49 .7 40.1 23.83 .8 40.4 22.31 1.2 39.0

10 ................................................................... 27.20 1.1 40.1 27.80 1.4 40.4 25.74 1.8 39.2

11 ................................................................... 30.48 .6 40.3 30.74 .7 40.6 29.84 1.3 39.5

12 ................................................................... 36.18 3.1 40.7 36.37 3.7 40.9 35.22 2.5 39.4

13 ................................................................... 45.86 1.4 40.6 47.52 1.7 40.8 39.50 5.2 39.9

14 ................................................................... 60.49 2.2 41.5 62.23 2.3 41.9 47.13 6.6 38.8

See footnotes at end of table.

48
Table 2-4. Selected occupations1 and levels:2 Mean hourly earnings3 and weekly hours, private industry and State and local

government, National Compensation Survey,4 1998–Continued

Occupation and level

Total Private industry State and local

 government

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

Mean hours

Relative

error5

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error5

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error5

(percent)

White collar –Continued

Executive, administrative, and managerial

–Continued

15 ................................................................... $91.68 9.7 41.1 $91.80 9.8 41.1 – – –

Not able to be leveled .................................... 37.11 5.7 36.2 41.08 7.0 39.5 $27.67 3.4 30.2

Executives, administrators, and managers ............ 31.73 .9 40.3 32.51 1.4 40.9 29.05 1.2 38.5

 5 ................................................................... 13.48 3.2 40.3 13.59 3.6 40.7 12.71 4.7 37.6

 6 ................................................................... 14.20 3.0 40.4 14.28 3.7 40.6 13.96 5.3 39.8

 7 ................................................................... 17.06 1.8 39.8 16.90 2.2 40.4 17.61 3.2 38.0

 8 ................................................................... 19.26 1.5 40.7 19.34 1.6 41.1 18.89 3.9 39.2

 9 ................................................................... 23.96 1.0 40.4 24.03 1.1 40.9 23.66 2.0 39.0

10 ................................................................... 27.76 1.4 40.5 28.03 1.6 40.7 27.02 2.7 39.7

11 ................................................................... 31.07 .8 40.4 31.28 .9 40.8 30.63 1.4 39.5

12 ................................................................... 36.41 3.5 40.7 36.56 4.3 41.1 35.73 2.4 39.4

13 ................................................................... 45.53 1.5 40.7 47.22 1.9 40.9 39.67 5.2 39.9

14 ................................................................... 61.62 2.2 41.6 63.68 2.2 42.1 47.13 6.6 38.8

15 ................................................................... 94.15 9.7 41.1 94.30 9.8 41.1 – – –

Not able to be leveled .................................... 40.23 7.6 35.2 45.66 9.6 39.7 29.28 3.7 28.7

Legislators ......................................................... 15.09 13.3 13.2 – – – 15.09 13.3 13.2

Not able to be leveled .................................... 15.82 12.8 12.9 – – – 15.82 12.8 12.9

Chief executives and general administrators,

public administration ........................................ 60.36 32.1 39.7 – – – 38.28 5.1 39.6

11 ................................................................... 34.22 6.2 39.2 – – – – – –

12 ................................................................... 38.80 8.5 40.6 – – – 37.18 10.8 40.7

Administrators and officials, public

administration .................................................. 25.80 1.7 39.1 24.65 13.8 39.5 25.83 1.7 39.1

 5 ................................................................... 13.72 5.8 39.2 – – – 13.72 5.8 39.2

 6 ................................................................... 13.00 7.4 40.1 – – – 12.99 8.6 40.1

 7 ................................................................... 16.56 5.8 37.2 – – – 16.55 6.2 37.0

 8 ................................................................... 18.91 4.5 39.1 – – – 18.80 4.6 39.1

 9 ................................................................... 23.29 3.1 38.7 – – – 23.35 3.1 38.6

10 ................................................................... 23.51 3.6 40.5 – – – 23.51 3.6 40.5

11 ................................................................... 26.86 3.0 39.5 – – – 26.91 3.0 39.5

12 ................................................................... 32.71 2.5 39.5 – – – 32.86 2.5 39.7

13 ................................................................... 32.51 4.4 39.6 – – – 32.31 4.6 39.6

14 ................................................................... 38.97 12.1 38.5 – – – 38.15 12.0 38.4

Not able to be leveled .................................... 33.43 3.5 37.4 – – – 33.18 3.5 37.4

Financial managers ........................................... 32.82 2.3 40.2 32.74 2.5 40.2 33.58 3.6 39.9

 5 ................................................................... 14.04 8.9 40.9 14.04 8.9 40.9 – – –

 6 ................................................................... 14.27 8.5 39.2 14.27 8.5 39.2 – – –

 7 ................................................................... 17.20 9.9 39.7 17.20 9.9 39.7 – – –

 8 ................................................................... 19.21 3.0 38.9 19.24 3.0 39.1 – – –

 9 ................................................................... 23.02 3.3 40.1 23.09 3.5 40.1 21.82 4.7 39.8

10 ................................................................... 27.39 2.4 41.0 27.73 2.3 41.1 22.85 10.5 39.6

11 ................................................................... 30.66 2.2 40.7 31.02 2.4 40.7 28.55 4.2 40.7

12 ................................................................... 37.51 2.5 40.4 38.32 2.5 40.5 30.28 4.0 39.8

13 ................................................................... 48.05 4.3 39.9 46.96 5.1 39.8 51.12 1.6 40.0

14 ................................................................... 69.44 7.0 39.3 70.60 7.0 39.5 – – –

Not able to be leveled .................................... 46.69 18.9 38.8 47.15 19.9 38.7 – – –

Personnel and labor relations managers ........... 32.18 3.1 41.1 32.39 3.5 41.4 30.72 5.7 39.6

 6 ................................................................... 12.40 6.1 40.0 – – – – – –

 7 ................................................................... 17.78 7.0 39.7 17.63 9.9 40.7 – – –

 8 ................................................................... 18.72 2.4 40.4 18.93 2.7 40.7 17.78 4.8 39.2

 9 ................................................................... 22.44 5.4 42.0 21.91 5.1 42.3 26.30 12.6 40.2

10 ................................................................... 30.86 4.6 40.5 30.48 5.5 40.6 – – –

11 ................................................................... 32.50 2.7 40.5 31.48 2.6 40.6 38.35 4.3 40.1

12 ................................................................... 37.71 2.3 40.6 37.88 2.3 40.7 35.51 7.1 40.0

13 ................................................................... 49.28 5.2 43.0 50.48 5.5 43.9 – – –

14 ................................................................... 62.90 5.0 39.6 63.89 4.9 39.6 – – –

Not able to be leveled .................................... 41.69 6.1 40.0 41.69 6.1 40.0 – – –

Purchasing managers ........................................ 28.91 3.4 41.1 29.26 3.6 41.2 25.28 11.3 39.8

 7 ................................................................... 15.49 2.3 40.5 15.28 2.4 40.6 – – –

See footnotes at end of table.

49
Table 2-4. Selected occupations1 and levels:2 Mean hourly earnings3 and weekly hours, private industry and State and local

government, National Compensation Survey,4 1998–Continued

Occupation and level

Total Private industry State and local

 government

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

Mean hours

Relative

error5

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error5

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error5

(percent)

White collar –Continued

Executive, administrative, and managerial

–Continued

Executives, administrators, and managers

–Continued

Purchasing managers –Continued

 8 ................................................................... $17.48 4.6 42.5 $17.63 5.3 42.9 – – –

 9 ................................................................... 22.60 3.0 40.7 22.79 3.2 40.7 – – –

10 ................................................................... 33.25 4.2 40.2 33.24 4.3 40.2 – – –

11 ................................................................... 30.21 2.7 40.2 29.98 3.4 40.2 – – –

12 ................................................................... 36.01 3.3 41.9 36.28 3.4 42.1 – – –

13 ................................................................... 44.80 5.2 40.3 44.80 5.2 40.3 – – –

14 ................................................................... 54.29 6.7 40.0 – – – – – –

Managers, marketing, advertising, and public

relations ........................................................... 35.26 2.0 40.8 35.35 2.0 40.8 $22.56 11.1 39.5

 7 ................................................................... 17.58 3.1 39.6 17.41 3.2 39.5 – – –

 8 ................................................................... 18.97 6.7 40.5 18.97 6.8 40.6 – – –

 9 ................................................................... 25.76 2.3 40.8 25.77 2.3 40.8 – – –

10 ................................................................... 31.32 5.8 41.0 31.32 5.8 41.0 – – –

11 ................................................................... 32.26 3.7 40.8 32.26 3.7 40.8 – – –

12 ................................................................... 40.47 2.1 40.7 40.49 2.1 40.7 – – –

13 ................................................................... 47.64 3.2 41.8 47.65 3.2 41.8 – – –

14 ................................................................... 59.77 5.0 41.2 59.77 5.0 41.2 – – –

Not able to be leveled .................................... 36.01 10.7 40.7 36.06 10.7 40.7 – – –

Administrators, education and related fields ...... 31.96 1.7 39.1 25.48 3.5 38.8 33.81 1.8 39.2

 5 ................................................................... 10.75 4.1 35.5 10.86 6.1 33.8 – – –

 6 ................................................................... 13.15 15.9 35.3 11.15 7.6 34.5 – – –

 7 ................................................................... 16.50 6.2 35.2 13.91 3.5 35.4 20.26 8.1 35.0

 8 ................................................................... 19.68 4.4 39.1 16.91 3.8 39.2 22.44 5.6 38.9

 9 ................................................................... 24.93 3.4 38.6 21.56 2.4 37.3 26.25 4.2 39.1

10 ................................................................... 31.58 3.8 39.2 21.75 5.5 40.3 33.35 3.5 39.0

11 ................................................................... 32.09 1.9 39.3 23.97 3.0 40.1 33.28 2.0 39.2

12 ................................................................... 37.34 3.5 39.1 33.54 6.0 40.4 37.99 3.8 38.9

13 ................................................................... 42.88 5.9 40.0 43.48 10.3 39.5 42.60 7.2 40.2

14 ................................................................... 48.21 3.5 45.3 46.51 4.9 48.8 49.36 5.1 43.1

Not able to be leveled .................................... 38.81 9.6 39.2 – – – 38.30 10.4 39.5

Managers, medicine and health ......................... 29.33 2.3 39.7 29.88 2.4 39.7 27.24 7.8 39.6

 5 ................................................................... 15.64 10.8 37.2 15.82 11.5 37.2 – – –

 7 ................................................................... 17.37 10.7 40.0 17.54 12.6 40.0 – – –

 8 ................................................................... 17.89 7.3 39.6 19.33 2.8 39.7 13.68 17.1 39.3

 9 ................................................................... 22.84 1.9 39.3 23.13 2.3 39.2 21.79 2.1 39.5

10 ................................................................... 24.80 2.8 40.7 24.89 2.9 40.8 23.26 5.6 38.9

11 ................................................................... 27.85 2.2 39.9 28.42 2.1 40.0 25.57 3.6 39.6

12 ................................................................... 35.66 2.8 39.6 36.63 3.3 39.5 32.95 5.7 40.0

13 ................................................................... 43.01 5.5 38.9 42.27 6.4 39.0 47.43 10.6 38.3

14 ................................................................... 57.48 7.9 41.9 54.75 7.8 42.3 – – –

Not able to be leveled .................................... 44.14 18.4 39.7 56.90 21.6 39.5 – – –

Managers, food servicing and lodging

establishments ................................................. 18.24 3.3 42.7 18.35 3.5 43.2 17.25 6.9 38.8

 5 ................................................................... 12.57 4.3 39.0 12.55 4.7 39.3 – – –

 6 ................................................................... 13.82 3.6 42.2 13.53 4.2 43.1 – – –

 7 ................................................................... 15.37 2.2 43.0 14.89 2.5 43.8 – – –

 8 ................................................................... 15.23 4.0 44.7 15.14 4.2 45.2 – – –

 9 ................................................................... 20.07 4.3 43.4 19.96 4.3 43.5 – – –

10 ................................................................... 25.11 6.9 42.6 25.22 7.1 43.3 – – –

11 ................................................................... 30.77 7.1 42.9 30.77 7.1 42.9 – – –

12 ................................................................... 32.34 7.9 39.7 32.46 9.5 40.2 – – –

Managers, properties and real estate ................ 23.18 8.9 40.5 23.34 10.2 40.8 22.17 6.0 39.2

 6 ................................................................... 10.86 7.5 39.3 10.70 8.3 39.2 – – –

 7 ................................................................... 14.07 4.2 40.1 – – – – – –

 8 ................................................................... 17.27 9.9 40.4 17.27 10.2 40.4 – – –

 9 ................................................................... 23.71 6.4 40.2 24.50 6.7 40.3 – – –

See footnotes at end of table.

50
Table 2-4. Selected occupations1 and levels:2 Mean hourly earnings3 and weekly hours, private industry and State and local

government, National Compensation Survey,4 1998–Continued

Occupation and level

Total Private industry State and local

 government

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

Mean hours

Relative

error5

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error5

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error5

(percent)

White collar –Continued

Executive, administrative, and managerial

–Continued

Executives, administrators, and managers

–Continued

Managers, properties and real estate

–Continued

12 ................................................................... $40.33 8.6 42.0 – – – – – –

Funeral directors ................................................ 25.26 14.3 40.3 $25.26 14.3 40.3 – – –

Managers, service organizations, n.e.c. ............ 23.33 11.6 39.6 23.83 13.8 39.8 $20.54 4.3 38.3

 5 ................................................................... 11.56 3.9 35.5 12.09 4.5 36.7 – – –

 6 ................................................................... 12.79 6.1 39.3 13.63 9.6 39.9 – – –

 7 ................................................................... 14.55 5.4 40.2 14.67 6.9 40.4 14.17 4.3 39.3

 8 ................................................................... 17.97 4.5 40.0 17.64 5.5 40.1 19.58 12.5 39.3

 9 ................................................................... 23.28 5.8 38.5 24.31 6.5 39.1 19.82 7.2 36.7

10 ................................................................... 23.15 6.2 39.7 21.96 8.8 39.5 25.46 4.6 40.0

11 ................................................................... 28.91 4.8 39.7 29.65 5.6 39.9 25.68 4.7 38.9

12 ................................................................... – – – – – – 28.46 5.3 39.6

13 ................................................................... 51.58 9.5 35.6 51.58 9.5 35.6 – – –

14 ................................................................... 74.16 4.9 46.3 74.16 4.9 46.3 – – –

Managers and administrators, n.e.c. ................. 34.38 1.4 41.2 34.86 1.4 41.3 28.24 4.5 39.3

 5 ................................................................... 14.28 5.7 43.3 14.28 5.8 43.4 – – –

 6 ................................................................... 16.11 6.2 41.7 16.17 6.5 41.9 – – –

 7 ................................................................... 18.29 2.7 40.4 18.10 3.1 40.6 19.46 6.9 39.4

 8 ................................................................... 21.38 2.3 41.1 21.63 2.5 41.2 19.33 5.1 39.8

 9 ................................................................... 24.64 1.3 41.3 24.81 1.3 41.4 22.76 3.8 39.5

10 ................................................................... 28.35 2.5 40.5 28.56 2.5 40.6 22.36 3.8 38.8

11 ................................................................... 32.30 1.0 41.0 32.39 1.1 41.1 31.31 4.6 40.2

12 ................................................................... 37.93 1.5 41.6 38.02 1.6 41.6 36.23 2.1 40.4

13 ................................................................... 47.45 2.8 41.3 47.75 2.9 41.3 39.86 6.4 42.5

14 ................................................................... 63.39 2.7 42.2 63.92 2.7 42.5 53.14 3.7 36.1

15 ................................................................... 89.04 6.0 41.8 89.19 6.1 41.8 – – –

Not able to be leveled .................................... 43.52 13.5 39.3 46.15 14.0 40.0 24.09 12.9 35.0

Management related .............................................. 21.88 .8 39.6 22.73 .9 39.9 19.21 1.5 38.8

 4 ................................................................... 9.16 8.6 43.9 9.16 8.6 43.9 – – –

 5 ................................................................... 14.25 1.7 39.6 14.27 1.9 39.8 14.18 4.0 38.7

 6 ................................................................... 15.24 1.7 39.6 15.87 1.8 39.8 13.88 3.4 39.1

 7 ................................................................... 17.66 1.6 39.5 17.93 1.9 39.7 16.86 1.7 39.0

 8 ................................................................... 19.18 2.0 39.6 19.35 2.6 40.0 18.68 2.1 38.5

 9 ................................................................... 22.91 .8 39.7 23.57 .9 39.9 20.91 1.5 39.0

10 ................................................................... 26.26 1.9 39.4 27.37 2.5 39.9 24.07 2.6 38.6

11 ................................................................... 28.64 1.7 39.9 29.34 1.9 40.0 25.46 1.9 39.6

12 ................................................................... 34.53 3.1 40.1 35.18 3.1 40.2 27.43 4.8 39.7

13 ................................................................... 49.25 3.8 39.9 50.18 3.3 40.0 – – –

14 ................................................................... 46.15 6.4 40.2 46.15 6.4 40.2 – – –

Not able to be leveled .................................... 30.86 6.1 38.3 33.18 6.8 39.2 22.98 9.0 35.7

Accountants and auditors .................................. 20.38 1.8 39.6 20.94 2.2 39.8 18.37 3.6 39.0

 5 ................................................................... 15.20 2.7 39.5 15.32 2.3 39.8 14.82 8.6 38.5

 6 ................................................................... 15.49 5.5 39.8 16.77 3.5 39.9 13.62 10.0 39.7

 7 ................................................................... 17.46 1.2 39.4 17.62 1.3 39.5 16.66 2.8 39.0

 8 ................................................................... 17.66 5.4 39.9 17.65 6.4 39.9 17.71 2.2 39.7

 9 ................................................................... 21.84 1.2 39.4 22.37 1.4 39.7 20.37 2.4 38.3

10 ................................................................... 25.38 2.1 39.7 25.42 2.3 40.1 25.27 4.4 38.5

11 ................................................................... 27.03 2.2 39.8 27.08 2.3 39.8 26.33 3.6 38.5

12 ................................................................... 32.23 3.8 39.9 33.60 3.0 40.0 23.39 5.2 39.5

13 ................................................................... 37.08 16.6 40.6 43.74 10.6 40.9 – – –

Not able to be leveled .................................... 23.34 8.3 42.5 23.61 8.7 42.7 – – –

Underwriters ...................................................... 25.67 5.0 39.3 25.67 5.0 39.3 – – –

 5 ................................................................... 12.45 5.5 39.3 12.45 5.5 39.3 – – –

 6 ................................................................... 14.00 3.4 39.3 14.00 3.4 39.3 – – –

 7 ................................................................... 18.40 3.3 38.8 18.40 3.3 38.8 – – –

 8 ................................................................... 19.21 3.0 40.1 19.21 3.0 40.1 – – –

See footnotes at end of table.

51
Table 2-4. Selected occupations1 and levels:2 Mean hourly earnings3 and weekly hours, private industry and State and local

government, National Compensation Survey,4 1998–Continued

Occupation and level

Total Private industry State and local

 government

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

Mean hours

Relative

error5

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error5

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error5

(percent)

White collar –Continued

Executive, administrative, and managerial

–Continued

Management related –Continued

Underwriters –Continued

 9 ................................................................... $24.57 5.4 39.3 $24.57 5.4 39.3 – – –

10 ................................................................... 21.26 4.1 39.7 21.26 4.1 39.7 – – –

11 ................................................................... 27.67 3.5 39.8 27.67 3.5 39.8 – – –

Other financial officers ....................................... 24.80 3.4 39.8 25.13 3.8 40.1 $22.30 6.7 38.0

 5 ................................................................... 13.40 4.0 39.9 13.26 4.1 39.9 – – –

 6 ................................................................... 15.18 3.1 39.8 15.18 3.1 39.8 – – –

 7 ................................................................... 17.01 2.1 39.9 16.90 2.4 40.0 17.88 3.5 38.8

 8 ................................................................... 19.73 2.9 39.9 20.20 3.4 40.0 17.46 4.1 39.1

 9 ................................................................... 23.32 3.2 40.1 23.41 3.6 40.2 22.53 4.6 39.2

10 ................................................................... 27.87 5.6 38.4 28.76 7.9 40.3 – – –

11 ................................................................... 29.60 3.7 40.5 29.77 3.7 40.5 – – –

12 ................................................................... 35.74 9.3 40.0 36.97 9.5 40.1 – – –

13 ................................................................... 51.09 12.5 39.7 51.09 12.5 39.7 – – –

14 ................................................................... 54.42 5.9 41.3 54.42 5.9 41.3 – – –

Not able to be leveled .................................... 38.52 23.5 39.0 38.52 23.5 39.0 – – –

Management analysts ........................................ 23.54 2.1 40.0 24.45 2.6 40.1 20.27 2.9 39.3

 5 ................................................................... 16.94 2.5 39.4 16.86 3.4 40.1 – – –

 6 ................................................................... 15.86 3.2 40.0 15.86 3.2 40.0 – – –

 7 ................................................................... 17.30 4.4 41.6 17.33 4.7 41.8 – – –

 8 ................................................................... 20.91 4.4 39.7 20.91 4.5 39.8 – – –

 9 ................................................................... 24.57 2.2 40.1 24.97 2.0 40.2 22.35 8.6 39.7

10 ................................................................... 22.14 4.7 39.6 28.20 4.8 39.9 17.75 3.0 39.5

11 ................................................................... 25.23 2.7 39.6 29.57 3.5 39.7 21.69 4.0 39.5

12 ................................................................... 35.03 2.9 39.2 35.09 2.9 39.2 – – –

13 ................................................................... 44.33 5.9 41.6 44.33 5.9 41.6 – – –

Not able to be leveled .................................... 32.37 15.9 41.2 32.37 15.9 41.2 – – –

Personnel, training, and labor relations

specialists ........................................................ 21.11 2.3 39.7 21.79 2.8 39.8 18.72 2.8 39.3

 5 ................................................................... 13.17 2.7 40.2 13.06 2.8 40.5 13.61 7.6 38.8

 6 ................................................................... 14.40 4.0 39.6 14.35 5.3 39.8 14.50 4.8 39.1

 7 ................................................................... 16.91 2.1 39.6 17.10 2.7 39.6 16.46 3.2 39.5

 8 ................................................................... 19.76 3.8 39.6 20.15 4.2 39.7 17.26 1.8 39.4

 9 ................................................................... 23.20 1.7 39.7 24.02 1.6 39.6 20.39 4.1 39.9

10 ................................................................... 26.92 3.8 39.7 26.83 3.9 39.9 27.04 7.0 39.5

11 ................................................................... 28.37 3.2 40.1 28.50 3.4 40.2 – – –

12 ................................................................... 35.15 4.1 40.4 35.99 3.9 40.6 – – –

Not able to be leveled .................................... 36.63 32.1 38.0 38.71 32.8 40.7 – – –

Purchasing agents and buyers, farm products .. 18.92 9.5 39.9 19.21 9.6 39.9 – – –

 7 ................................................................... 16.12 7.0 39.6 – – – – – –

Buyers, wholesale and retail trade, except farm

products ........................................................... 23.20 5.8 40.6 23.23 6.0 40.7 22.29 7.1 39.6

 5 ................................................................... 13.39 6.7 40.0 12.75 6.0 40.0 – – –

 6 ................................................................... 14.41 5.2 40.6 14.40 5.3 40.6 – – –

 7 ................................................................... 17.41 3.8 40.0 17.41 3.8 40.0 – – –

 8 ................................................................... 28.43 32.3 41.0 28.73 33.0 41.1 – – –

 9 ................................................................... 25.66 3.6 41.0 25.72 3.6 41.0 – – –

11 ................................................................... 25.83 2.3 42.4 25.87 2.7 42.9 – – –

Purchasing agents and buyers, n.e.c. ............... 21.84 2.2 39.9 23.37 2.3 39.9 15.38 3.3 39.9

 5 ................................................................... 15.07 3.9 39.9 15.08 3.9 39.9 – – –

 6 ................................................................... 14.45 4.6 40.2 17.89 4.3 40.4 11.41 7.1 40.0

 7 ................................................................... 18.21 2.8 39.9 18.18 2.9 40.0 18.66 5.9 38.4

 8 ................................................................... 18.69 2.3 40.0 18.70 2.5 40.0 18.66 4.8 40.0

 9 ................................................................... 21.81 2.9 40.0 23.89 3.0 40.0 16.70 4.4 39.9

10 ................................................................... 28.98 9.3 39.5 29.22 9.3 39.5 – – –

11 ................................................................... 30.46 4.4 39.9 30.46 4.4 39.9 – – –

12 ................................................................... 32.04 4.0 40.2 32.04 4.0 40.2 – – –

Business and promotional agents ...................... 17.79 5.7 39.7 19.13 7.6 39.6 – – –

See footnotes at end of table.

52
Table 2-4. Selected occupations1 and levels:2 Mean hourly earnings3 and weekly hours, private industry and State and local

government, National Compensation Survey,4 1998–Continued

Occupation and level

Total Private industry State and local

 government

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

Mean hours

Relative

error5

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error5

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error5

(percent)

White collar –Continued

Executive, administrative, and managerial

–Continued

Management related –Continued

Business and promotional agents –Continued

 9 ................................................................... $18.75 2.8 39.9 $19.27 2.4 39.9 – – –

Construction inspectors ..................................... 19.97 3.4 39.5 20.66 6.9 41.9 $19.81 4.0 39.0

 5 ................................................................... 14.82 8.5 39.4 15.57 2.3 40.0 14.51 12.1 39.2

 6 ................................................................... 16.10 4.4 41.3 – – – 16.34 5.2 39.6

 7 ................................................................... 18.96 3.9 39.7 19.49 8.2 41.1 18.81 4.6 39.3

 8 ................................................................... 20.81 6.9 38.3 – – – 20.21 7.5 38.0

 9 ................................................................... 23.21 3.2 39.4 – – – 23.46 3.2 39.3

Inspectors and compliance officers, except

construction ..................................................... 19.23 3.5 38.9 23.10 3.8 40.2 17.78 4.2 38.5

 5 ................................................................... 14.74 7.7 39.3 – – – 14.38 8.7 39.3

 6 ................................................................... 13.93 5.2 38.4 16.66 7.2 39.8 13.29 3.7 38.1

 7 ................................................................... 16.14 4.6 38.5 19.39 7.6 39.8 15.20 4.6 38.1

 8 ................................................................... 18.49 1.8 38.1 19.58 3.4 42.2 18.29 2.2 37.5

 9 ................................................................... 21.98 2.7 39.7 24.33 4.7 40.1 20.26 2.6 39.3

10 ................................................................... 26.40 6.5 39.3 – – – – – –

11 ................................................................... 25.66 3.7 40.2 24.21 9.2 40.8 26.22 3.9 40.0

Management related, n.e.c. ............................... 22.31 1.2 39.4 22.77 1.4 39.7 20.81 2.6 38.5

 4 ................................................................... 9.22 9.0 46.5 9.22 9.0 46.5 – – –

 5 ................................................................... 14.07 4.0 39.4 14.32 4.3 39.6 12.70 5.2 38.1

 6 ................................................................... 16.26 2.2 38.9 16.42 2.2 39.2 15.51 6.7 37.8

 7 ................................................................... 18.53 4.1 39.3 18.93 4.9 39.4 17.38 3.3 39.0

 8 ................................................................... 19.40 2.0 39.5 19.31 1.9 40.1 19.62 5.1 38.2

 9 ................................................................... 23.19 1.5 39.5 23.45 1.6 39.8 22.41 3.3 38.6

10 ................................................................... 26.38 2.2 39.9 26.80 2.8 39.8 25.48 3.3 40.0

11 ................................................................... 30.95 3.0 39.5 31.77 3.2 39.5 28.32 4.1 39.7

12 ................................................................... 33.74 3.4 40.9 33.63 3.5 40.9 – – –

14 ................................................................... 39.97 6.1 40.4 39.97 6.1 40.4 – – –

Not able to be leveled .................................... 26.48 9.6 37.2 28.91 12.9 38.2 22.79 10.3 35.9

Sales ............................................................................. 13.28 3.6 33.0 13.29 3.6 33.0 12.10 4.8 32.2

 1 ................................................................... 6.51 .8 25.8 6.51 .8 25.8 6.77 4.3 24.9

 2 ................................................................... 7.15 1.3 25.6 7.15 1.3 25.6 7.85 1.1 24.6

 3 ................................................................... 8.25 .9 31.8 8.20 .8 31.7 10.87 7.9 33.2

 4 ................................................................... 10.57 1.6 34.6 10.56 1.6 34.6 12.17 4.2 34.4

 5 ................................................................... 15.45 2.8 38.8 15.47 2.8 38.8 14.36 5.2 39.9

 6 ................................................................... 17.81 4.3 41.0 17.83 4.3 41.0 13.92 2.5 33.7

 7 ................................................................... 21.59 4.6 41.5 21.71 4.6 41.5 15.12 4.7 39.3

 8 ................................................................... 21.95 2.0 40.6 21.96 2.1 40.8 19.86 16.9 24.6

 9 ................................................................... 29.47 6.4 41.3 29.48 6.4 41.3 – – –

10 ................................................................... 31.85 4.4 40.6 31.98 4.5 40.6 – – –

11 ................................................................... 37.13 4.1 40.9 37.24 4.1 41.0 – – –

12 ................................................................... 47.76 6.1 40.8 47.76 6.1 40.8 – – –

13 ................................................................... 118.47 34.8 44.6 118.47 34.8 44.6 – – –

Not able to be leveled .................................... 24.49 11.8 33.8 24.49 11.8 33.8 – – –

Supervisors, sales ............................................. 20.02 4.0 40.6 20.07 4.1 40.7 16.52 11.6 32.3

 3 ................................................................... 9.45 4.5 39.3 9.45 4.5 39.3 – – –

 4 ................................................................... 9.78 2.6 37.5 9.77 2.7 37.5 – – –

 5 ................................................................... 13.15 2.4 40.5 13.07 2.4 40.5 – – –

 6 ................................................................... 17.82 14.0 41.9 17.84 14.0 41.9 – – –

 7 ................................................................... 19.34 5.0 42.4 19.36 5.0 42.5 – – –

 8 ................................................................... 19.74 2.6 40.6 19.74 2.7 41.2 – – –

 9 ................................................................... 24.70 4.6 42.5 24.72 4.6 42.5 – – –

10 ................................................................... 34.50 9.2 41.3 34.50 9.2 41.3 – – –

11 ................................................................... 31.99 3.1 41.3 31.99 3.1 41.3 – – –

12 ................................................................... 40.06 9.1 43.0 40.06 9.1 43.0 – – –

Not able to be leveled .................................... 41.82 14.8 39.0 41.82 14.8 39.0 – – –

Insurance sales .................................................. 21.59 14.1 36.0 22.20 14.9 35.6 – – –

See footnotes at end of table.

53
Table 2-4. Selected occupations1 and levels:2 Mean hourly earnings3 and weekly hours, private industry and State and local

government, National Compensation Survey,4 1998–Continued

Occupation and level

Total Private industry State and local

 government

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

Mean hours

Relative

error5

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error5

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error5

(percent)

White collar –Continued

Sales –Continued

Insurance sales –Continued

 4 ................................................................... $10.77 4.6 37.0 $10.77 4.6 37.0 – – –

 5 ................................................................... 15.82 12.2 37.8 15.82 12.2 37.8 – – –

 6 ................................................................... 22.76 20.9 41.1 22.76 20.9 41.1 – – –

 7 ................................................................... 17.80 12.7 38.4 21.13 11.1 37.0 – – –

 8 ................................................................... 24.70 17.2 38.5 24.77 17.3 38.5 – – –

10 ................................................................... 26.52 15.0 39.4 28.48 17.6 39.2 – – –

Real estate sales ............................................... 35.63 18.1 40.3 37.80 17.7 40.9 $18.69 11.5 35.9

 4 ................................................................... 11.30 5.6 35.1 – – – – – –

 6 ................................................................... 26.54 25.5 37.1 – – – – – –

 7 ................................................................... 18.53 16.7 39.6 18.61 18.3 39.6 – – –

 8 ................................................................... 24.51 16.2 41.6 24.56 16.6 41.7 – – –

Securities and financial services sales .............. 37.13 9.6 39.9 37.13 9.6 39.9 – – –

 4 ................................................................... 10.37 4.1 38.0 10.37 4.1 38.0 – – –

 5 ................................................................... 12.71 2.4 39.5 12.71 2.4 39.5 – – –

 6 ................................................................... 14.37 2.6 40.0 14.37 2.6 40.0 – – –

 7 ................................................................... 31.76 37.6 39.7 31.76 37.6 39.7 – – –

 8 ................................................................... 23.88 6.5 40.3 23.88 6.5 40.3 – – –

 9 ................................................................... 58.35 34.5 38.7 58.35 34.5 38.7 – – –

10 ................................................................... 49.12 18.0 43.0 49.12 18.0 43.0 – – –

11 ................................................................... 43.96 9.7 41.2 43.96 9.7 41.2 – – –

Advertising and related sales ............................. 19.62 6.4 38.3 19.62 6.4 38.3 – – –

 4 ................................................................... 9.43 5.1 32.9 9.43 5.1 32.9 – – –

 5 ................................................................... 13.55 8.6 39.3 13.55 8.6 39.3 – – –

 6 ................................................................... 16.42 6.2 38.3 16.43 6.3 38.3 – – –

 7 ................................................................... 20.09 8.3 39.5 20.09 8.3 39.5 – – –

 8 ................................................................... 22.40 5.2 39.9 22.40 5.2 39.9 – – –

 9 ................................................................... 30.27 13.1 40.1 30.27 13.1 40.1 – – –

10 ................................................................... 24.84 8.1 39.0 24.84 8.1 39.0 – – –

11 ................................................................... 29.30 8.1 39.7 29.30 8.1 39.7 – – –

Sales, other business services .......................... 19.42 5.6 36.7 19.43 5.6 36.7 – – –

 1 ................................................................... 8.59 9.7 19.2 8.59 9.7 19.2 – – –

 2 ................................................................... 11.14 13.5 34.7 11.14 13.5 34.7 – – –

 3 ................................................................... 8.95 2.6 28.1 8.95 2.6 28.1 – – –

 4 ................................................................... 11.48 9.2 34.8 11.48 9.2 34.8 – – –

 5 ................................................................... 15.56 3.9 39.3 15.59 4.0 39.3 – – –

 6 ................................................................... 17.40 7.9 40.1 17.40 7.9 40.1 – – –

 7 ................................................................... 21.54 6.0 40.1 21.54 6.0 40.1 – – –

 8 ................................................................... 24.22 6.7 40.1 24.23 6.8 40.1 – – –

 9 ................................................................... 31.32 13.5 40.6 31.32 13.5 40.6 – – –

10 ................................................................... 28.64 5.3 40.0 28.64 5.3 40.0 – – –

11 ................................................................... 47.73 9.3 39.0 47.85 9.3 39.0 – – –

Not able to be leveled .................................... 17.32 16.6 28.6 17.32 16.6 28.6 – – –

Sales engineers ................................................. 27.46 4.4 42.3 27.46 4.4 42.3 – – –

 7 ................................................................... 23.35 9.3 41.2 23.35 9.3 41.2 – – –

 8 ................................................................... 28.55 6.3 40.0 28.55 6.3 40.0 – – –

 9 ................................................................... 22.96 6.1 44.0 22.96 6.1 44.0 – – –

10 ................................................................... 28.47 10.8 40.9 28.47 10.8 40.9 – – –

11 ................................................................... 30.76 7.8 42.5 30.76 7.8 42.5 – – –

12 ................................................................... 34.31 4.7 41.3 34.31 4.7 41.3 – – –

Sales representatives, mining, manufacturing,

and wholesale .................................................. 24.77 3.1 40.9 24.77 3.1 40.9 – – –

 3 ................................................................... 9.78 7.3 40.0 9.78 7.3 40.0 – – –

 4 ................................................................... 13.40 11.2 41.4 13.40 11.2 41.4 – – –

 5 ................................................................... 21.62 14.9 40.4 21.62 14.9 40.4 – – –

 6 ................................................................... 17.26 3.5 40.6 17.26 3.5 40.6 – – –

 7 ................................................................... 23.44 6.4 42.8 23.44 6.4 42.8 – – –

 8 ................................................................... 24.10 4.8 40.8 24.10 4.8 40.8 – – –

 9 ................................................................... 30.42 5.9 40.9 30.42 5.9 40.9 – – –

10 ................................................................... 31.57 5.8 40.3 31.57 5.8 40.3 – – –

See footnotes at end of table.

54
Table 2-4. Selected occupations1 and levels:2 Mean hourly earnings3 and weekly hours, private industry and State and local

government, National Compensation Survey,4 1998–Continued

Occupation and level

Total Private industry State and local

 government

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

Mean hours

Relative

error5

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error5

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error5

(percent)

White collar –Continued

Sales –Continued

Sales representatives, mining, manufacturing,

and wholesale –Continued

11 ................................................................... $35.57 3.4 40.5 $35.57 3.4 40.5 – – –

12 ................................................................... 44.44 8.0 41.6 44.44 8.0 41.6 – – –

Not able to be leveled .................................... 30.36 12.2 40.0 30.36 12.2 40.0 – – –

Sales workers, motor vehicles and boats .......... 18.96 3.1 45.0 18.96 3.1 45.0 – – –

 2 ................................................................... 15.85 12.8 42.4 15.85 12.8 42.4 – – –

 3 ................................................................... 15.40 5.6 44.1 15.40 5.6 44.1 – – –

 4 ................................................................... 17.34 7.1 46.3 17.34 7.1 46.3 – – –

 5 ................................................................... 18.66 5.3 45.1 18.66 5.3 45.1 – – –

 6 ................................................................... 23.37 11.0 45.0 23.37 11.0 45.0 – – –

 7 ................................................................... 23.11 6.4 42.8 23.11 6.4 42.8 – – –

 8 ................................................................... 22.29 10.7 44.2 22.29 10.7 44.2 – – –

Sales workers, apparel ...................................... 8.28 4.0 27.1 8.28 4.0 27.1 – – –

 1 ................................................................... 6.46 3.1 27.0 6.46 3.1 27.0 – – –

 2 ................................................................... 7.48 1.7 29.6 7.48 1.7 29.6 – – –

 3 ................................................................... 7.86 2.2 26.4 7.86 2.2 26.4 – – –

 4 ................................................................... 10.12 7.0 26.2 10.12 7.0 26.2 – – –

Sales workers, shoes ......................................... 9.65 6.6 27.9 9.65 6.6 27.9 – – –

 1 ................................................................... 6.84 8.8 25.5 6.84 8.8 25.5 – – –

 3 ................................................................... 9.35 10.3 26.9 9.35 10.3 26.9 – – –

 4 ................................................................... 12.28 10.2 38.0 12.28 10.2 38.0 – – –

Sales workers, furniture and home furnishings .. 11.02 11.3 29.7 11.02 11.3 29.7 – – –

 1 ................................................................... 6.66 6.5 22.9 6.66 6.5 22.9 – – –

 3 ................................................................... 7.77 10.5 25.0 7.77 10.5 25.0 – – –

 4 ................................................................... 12.24 11.5 35.3 12.24 11.5 35.3 – – –

 5 ................................................................... 15.77 10.3 38.3 15.77 10.3 38.3 – – –

Sales workers, radio, tv, hi-fi, and appliances ... 10.18 6.3 35.4 10.18 6.3 35.4 – – –

 1 ................................................................... 6.43 5.0 32.8 6.43 5.0 32.8 – – –

 3 ................................................................... 8.91 7.3 34.6 8.91 7.3 34.6 – – –

 4 ................................................................... 12.57 12.2 35.2 12.57 12.2 35.2 – – –

Sales workers, hardware and building supplies 10.95 5.3 36.9 10.95 5.3 36.9 – – –

 2 ................................................................... 6.87 4.7 31.1 6.87 4.7 31.1 – – –

 3 ................................................................... 7.37 2.4 35.1 7.37 2.4 35.1 – – –

 4 ................................................................... 10.28 3.0 37.3 10.28 3.0 37.3 – – –

 5 ................................................................... 13.34 4.2 40.7 13.34 4.2 40.7 – – –

 7 ................................................................... 16.41 12.4 41.9 16.41 12.4 41.9 – – –

 8 ................................................................... 25.02 23.1 40.3 25.02 23.1 40.3 – – –

Sales workers, parts .......................................... 14.38 4.6 38.8 14.38 4.6 38.8 – – –

 3 ................................................................... 8.50 3.1 33.7 8.50 3.1 33.7 – – –

 4 ................................................................... 13.94 3.5 40.2 13.94 3.5 40.2 – – –

 5 ................................................................... 17.74 4.0 40.7 17.74 4.0 40.7 – – –

 6 ................................................................... 22.55 10.0 39.0 22.55 10.0 39.0 – – –

 8 ................................................................... 18.41 6.7 40.0 18.41 6.7 40.0 – – –

Sales workers, other commodities ..................... 9.69 2.1 29.9 9.69 2.1 29.9 $9.05 9.5 30.6

 1 ................................................................... 6.55 2.4 26.4 6.56 2.4 26.5 – – –

 2 ................................................................... 7.20 2.9 24.3 7.20 2.9 24.3 – – –

 3 ................................................................... 8.14 2.0 28.7 8.13 2.0 28.6 9.11 10.7 36.2

 4 ................................................................... 8.39 1.4 31.4 8.39 1.4 31.4 – – –

 6 ................................................................... 16.13 10.4 43.3 16.13 10.4 43.3 – – –

 7 ................................................................... 27.00 10.1 39.9 27.13 10.2 39.9 – – –

 8 ................................................................... 23.28 11.2 40.1 23.28 11.2 40.1 – – –

 9 ................................................................... 29.81 10.0 41.0 29.81 10.0 41.0 – – –

11 ................................................................... 36.43 7.9 41.8 36.43 7.9 41.8 – – –

Sales counter clerks .......................................... 8.15 3.1 28.5 8.12 3.1 28.5 – – –

 1 ................................................................... 6.32 2.6 24.2 6.32 2.6 24.2 – – –

 2 ................................................................... 7.00 4.3 25.2 7.00 4.3 25.4 – – –

 3 ................................................................... 8.09 5.1 29.8 8.09 5.1 29.8 – – –

 4 ................................................................... 10.78 4.5 34.7 10.73 4.6 34.6 – – –

 5 ................................................................... 10.60 4.3 39.6 10.55 5.1 39.6 – – –

See footnotes at end of table.

55
Table 2-4. Selected occupations1 and levels:2 Mean hourly earnings3 and weekly hours, private industry and State and local

government, National Compensation Survey,4 1998–Continued

Occupation and level

Total Private industry State and local

 government

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

Mean hours

Relative

error5

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error5

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error5

(percent)

White collar –Continued

Sales –Continued

Cashiers ............................................................. $7.80 1.3 30.1 $7.74 1.6 30.1 $10.53 5.9 31.5

 1 ................................................................... 6.42 .7 25.7 6.41 .7 25.7 6.90 5.1 26.6

 2 ................................................................... 6.99 1.8 25.7 6.97 1.8 25.7 7.90 1.1 27.0

 3 ................................................................... 8.08 .9 33.5 8.00 1.2 33.6 11.05 8.4 32.9

 4 ................................................................... 10.82 3.0 33.4 10.77 3.1 33.5 12.21 5.1 32.8

 5 ................................................................... 13.89 6.8 34.6 13.74 7.9 33.9 – – –

Street and door-to-door sales workers .............. 12.96 11.6 30.0 12.96 11.6 30.0 – – –

 3 ................................................................... 8.67 7.8 25.5 8.67 7.8 25.5 – – –

 4 ................................................................... 11.40 9.7 34.8 11.40 9.7 34.8 – – –

News vendors .................................................... 7.78 11.7 20.9 7.78 11.7 20.9 – – –

Demonstrators, promoters, and models, sales .. 9.69 7.7 22.1 9.69 7.7 22.1 – – –

 1 ................................................................... 6.71 1.9 17.7 6.72 1.9 17.8 – – –

Sales support, n.e.c. .......................................... 12.69 3.1 36.3 12.68 3.1 36.3 – – –

 1 ................................................................... 7.06 3.5 30.7 7.06 3.5 30.7 – – –

 2 ................................................................... 7.20 2.8 29.9 7.20 2.8 29.9 – – –

 3 ................................................................... 8.32 3.6 32.3 8.32 3.6 32.3 – – –

 4 ................................................................... 10.90 3.1 38.4 10.90 3.1 38.4 – – –

 5 ................................................................... 14.09 5.9 39.7 14.07 6.0 39.7 – – –

 6 ................................................................... 14.75 6.6 41.0 14.75 6.6 41.0 – – –

 7 ................................................................... 18.73 7.1 41.4 18.74 7.2 41.4 – – –

 8 ................................................................... 19.80 5.4 40.0 19.80 5.4 40.0 – – –

 9 ................................................................... 27.36 5.6 37.1 27.36 5.6 37.1 – – –

Not able to be leveled .................................... 13.47 7.1 30.4 13.47 7.1 30.4 – – –

Administrative support, including clerical ................ 12.00 .5 37.0 12.00 .6 37.3 12.01 .7 36.3

 1 ................................................................... 7.36 1.5 30.0 7.29 1.8 30.6 7.64 2.6 27.8

 2 ................................................................... 8.83 .9 34.1 8.85 1.1 34.6 8.76 1.4 32.5

 3 ................................................................... 9.74 1.0 36.1 9.64 1.1 36.2 10.08 1.1 35.6

 4 ................................................................... 11.62 .5 37.9 11.65 .7 38.1 11.52 .8 37.1

 5 ................................................................... 13.58 .5 38.5 13.60 .6 38.8 13.52 1.0 37.6

 6 ................................................................... 14.91 .6 39.0 15.26 .7 39.2 13.95 1.1 38.5

 7 ................................................................... 17.16 .7 39.1 17.38 .8 39.3 16.53 1.4 38.8

 8 ................................................................... 19.14 1.6 39.9 19.59 1.8 40.0 16.91 2.9 39.5

 9 ................................................................... 22.10 2.2 39.8 22.06 2.4 39.9 22.29 4.1 38.9

10 ................................................................... 26.01 5.7 39.5 26.01 5.7 39.5 – – –

11 ................................................................... 31.59 9.6 38.1 32.21 10.1 38.2 – – –

Not able to be leveled .................................... 13.65 2.9 36.6 13.27 4.1 36.8 14.35 3.2 36.2

Supervisors, general office ................................ 16.78 1.4 39.6 17.15 1.8 39.7 16.01 1.8 39.2

 4 ................................................................... 10.76 5.9 39.8 10.36 6.7 40.0 – – –

 5 ................................................................... 14.06 3.7 38.9 13.84 4.1 39.1 14.85 7.2 38.1

 6 ................................................................... 14.70 2.5 39.8 14.91 2.6 39.9 14.33 5.0 39.7

 7 ................................................................... 16.57 1.6 39.7 16.72 2.1 40.0 16.42 2.3 39.3

 8 ................................................................... 17.43 1.9 39.9 18.21 2.3 40.0 15.35 2.0 39.6

 9 ................................................................... 22.24 3.3 39.9 22.14 3.7 40.1 22.75 7.1 38.8

11 ................................................................... 23.94 8.2 37.5 24.17 9.6 37.9 – – –

Not able to be leveled .................................... 15.82 9.2 38.7 16.40 10.4 38.6 – – –

Supervisors, computer equipment operators ..... 20.72 3.5 39.9 20.27 4.1 40.1 22.36 3.9 39.1

 6 ................................................................... 17.93 6.8 38.2 17.97 6.9 38.2 – – –

 7 ................................................................... 20.49 7.5 40.5 20.64 7.5 40.5 – – –

 8 ................................................................... 18.08 9.6 39.6 18.46 10.7 39.6 – – –

 9 ................................................................... 22.43 3.8 40.4 21.85 5.9 41.1 – – –

Supervisors, financial records processing ......... 17.81 1.8 39.5 17.92 1.9 39.7 16.67 4.8 38.3

 5 ................................................................... 15.19 3.7 39.6 15.17 3.9 39.6 – – –

 6 ................................................................... 14.86 2.1 39.6 14.88 2.2 39.6 – – –

 7 ................................................................... 16.35 2.6 39.2 16.70 2.7 39.3 13.70 3.5 38.3

 8 ................................................................... 18.50 2.5 40.2 18.45 2.8 40.6 – – –

 9 ................................................................... 22.77 3.5 39.2 23.37 3.3 39.4 19.46 8.4 38.0

11 ................................................................... 31.44 3.6 39.8 31.44 3.6 39.8 – – –

Chief communications operators ....................... 16.89 6.5 40.3 18.12 8.9 40.5 15.30 7.8 40.0

 6 ................................................................... 13.14 8.0 41.6 – – – – – –

See footnotes at end of table.

56
Table 2-4. Selected occupations1 and levels:2 Mean hourly earnings3 and weekly hours, private industry and State and local

government, National Compensation Survey,4 1998–Continued

Occupation and level

Total Private industry State and local

 government

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

Mean hours

Relative

error5

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error5

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error5

(percent)

White collar –Continued

Administrative support, including clerical

–Continued

Chief communications operators –Continued

 7 ................................................................... $15.51 6.7 39.9 $16.37 6.9 39.9 – – –

Supervisors, distribution, scheduling, and

adjusting clerks ................................................ 17.67 3.0 40.1 17.77 3.1 40.3 $17.00 9.9 38.7

 5 ................................................................... 13.90 7.2 40.1 13.70 5.6 40.3 – – –

 6 ................................................................... 15.74 3.9 39.3 15.54 4.3 40.1 – – –

 7 ................................................................... 16.53 2.3 41.0 16.51 2.4 41.0 – – –

 8 ................................................................... 20.66 4.4 40.5 21.03 4.6 40.6 19.21 8.6 40.0

 9 ................................................................... 22.99 3.7 40.5 22.94 3.7 40.5 – – –

Not able to be leveled .................................... 16.15 8.8 40.0 16.15 8.8 40.0 – – –

Computer operators ........................................... 14.08 1.8 39.2 14.40 1.9 39.3 12.96 3.9 38.7

 2 ................................................................... 9.60 8.7 39.8 – – – – – –

 3 ................................................................... 10.93 6.4 36.8 11.03 7.8 39.4 – – –

 4 ................................................................... 12.66 3.6 38.9 12.74 3.8 39.0 11.21 3.7 38.3

 5 ................................................................... 14.00 3.1 39.4 14.17 2.8 39.4 13.39 8.8 39.4

 6 ................................................................... 15.42 3.2 39.7 16.45 3.3 39.7 12.61 5.5 39.8

 7 ................................................................... 16.38 3.0 39.4 18.34 3.5 39.5 13.76 4.8 39.2

Not able to be leveled .................................... 14.71 10.4 39.9 14.85 10.5 39.9 – – –

Peripheral equipment operators ........................ 10.27 3.5 38.3 10.10 3.6 38.4 – – –

 3 ................................................................... 9.39 3.8 37.3 9.39 3.8 37.3 – – –

 4 ................................................................... 11.52 2.4 38.3 11.14 1.7 37.6 – – –

 5 ................................................................... 13.77 6.7 37.3 – – – – – –

Secretaries ......................................................... 13.39 .7 38.2 13.76 .8 38.1 12.66 1.2 38.3

 2 ................................................................... 8.94 4.0 35.9 9.35 5.2 36.2 8.35 3.5 35.5

 3 ................................................................... 10.07 1.3 37.0 9.94 1.7 37.0 10.32 2.1 36.8

 4 ................................................................... 12.04 .7 38.1 12.25 1.0 37.7 11.70 1.1 38.8

 5 ................................................................... 13.82 1.1 38.5 13.96 1.2 38.6 13.54 2.4 38.2

 6 ................................................................... 15.42 1.3 38.7 16.18 1.2 38.6 13.67 2.5 38.8

 7 ................................................................... 17.59 1.2 38.8 17.92 1.6 38.7 16.70 1.6 39.1

 8 ................................................................... 21.40 4.1 38.5 21.40 4.2 38.5 – – –

Not able to be leveled .................................... 14.46 4.5 39.0 14.74 7.6 39.0 14.32 5.0 39.0

Stenographers ................................................... 14.15 2.6 36.0 12.41 2.5 36.6 16.30 4.6 35.4

 2 ................................................................... 9.44 6.9 35.5 10.45 3.7 35.8 – – –

 3 ................................................................... 10.59 4.9 36.0 10.94 4.9 35.0 – – –

 4 ................................................................... 12.85 4.7 36.4 11.70 2.6 35.7 14.16 7.5 37.2

 5 ................................................................... 14.59 2.9 34.4 12.23 2.9 38.0 16.64 6.8 31.8

 6 ................................................................... 15.31 3.9 37.6 14.79 3.6 37.8 16.85 9.4 37.0

 7 ................................................................... 25.73 8.6 38.3 15.47 4.0 39.0 29.41 9.3 38.0

Typists ............................................................... 11.91 1.4 37.1 12.25 2.1 37.1 11.66 1.7 37.2

 2 ................................................................... 10.03 4.7 35.4 9.32 4.9 34.2 10.54 6.3 36.3

 3 ................................................................... 11.11 2.3 37.1 11.04 3.6 36.3 11.15 3.0 37.6

 4 ................................................................... 11.84 2.0 36.9 12.18 2.8 38.1 11.52 2.6 35.9

 5 ................................................................... 13.55 2.8 38.9 14.29 5.9 38.2 13.11 2.7 39.2

 6 ................................................................... 15.59 4.2 38.2 17.91 5.2 37.1 13.26 2.9 39.4

 7 ................................................................... 14.31 9.9 37.1 14.31 9.9 37.1 – – –

Interviewers ....................................................... 9.86 1.8 33.9 9.75 1.9 33.2 10.40 4.4 38.0

 1 ................................................................... 6.71 1.2 28.3 6.71 1.2 27.7 – – –

 2 ................................................................... 8.22 3.7 30.7 8.61 3.9 28.6 – – –

 3 ................................................................... 9.30 3.2 34.7 9.25 3.4 34.5 9.91 4.9 38.7

 4 ................................................................... 10.78 3.0 34.0 10.58 3.0 33.9 11.95 6.0 34.7

 5 ................................................................... 11.31 3.0 37.8 11.29 4.2 36.9 11.34 3.7 39.6

 6 ................................................................... 12.24 7.2 39.2 11.54 7.0 40.0 – – –

Hotel clerks ........................................................ 8.58 3.5 36.8 8.58 3.5 36.8 – – –

 1 ................................................................... 6.27 3.5 34.3 6.27 3.5 34.3 – – –

 2 ................................................................... 7.19 3.5 36.9 7.19 3.5 36.9 – – –

 3 ................................................................... 8.08 2.7 35.4 8.08 2.7 35.4 – – –

 4 ................................................................... 9.80 6.0 38.9 9.80 6.0 38.9 – – –

 5 ................................................................... 9.48 5.3 39.8 9.53 5.6 39.8 – – –

Transportation ticket and reservation agents ..... 11.69 9.9 36.0 11.58 10.1 35.9 – – –

See footnotes at end of table.

57
Table 2-4. Selected occupations1 and levels:2 Mean hourly earnings3 and weekly hours, private industry and State and local

government, National Compensation Survey,4 1998–Continued

Occupation and level

Total Private industry State and local

 government

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

Mean hours

Relative

error5

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error5

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error5

(percent)

White collar –Continued

Administrative support, including clerical

–Continued

Transportation ticket and reservation agents

–Continued

 2 ................................................................... $9.29 4.9 36.0 $9.29 4.9 36.0 – – –

 3 ................................................................... 8.56 14.9 36.4 8.08 13.1 36.2 – – –

 4 ................................................................... 12.83 3.7 34.5 12.82 3.7 34.5 – – –

 5 ................................................................... 14.52 3.2 34.5 14.52 3.2 34.5 – – –

 6 ................................................................... 16.82 2.7 39.7 16.82 2.7 39.7 – – –

Receptionists ..................................................... 9.22 1.1 35.3 9.20 1.2 35.4 $9.60 4.3 34.9

 1 ................................................................... 7.18 2.5 29.6 7.18 2.6 29.8 7.03 3.6 23.7

 2 ................................................................... 8.56 1.5 34.7 8.59 1.6 34.7 8.25 3.2 34.6

 3 ................................................................... 9.41 1.7 36.5 9.35 1.8 36.5 10.37 5.5 36.3

 4 ................................................................... 10.46 2.2 37.0 10.35 2.2 37.1 12.36 9.1 35.2

 5 ................................................................... 13.25 5.9 34.8 13.29 6.0 34.7 – – –

Information clerks, n.e.c. .................................... 11.77 3.2 36.4 11.72 3.6 36.4 12.14 4.7 36.6

 1 ................................................................... 7.24 3.3 21.8 7.20 3.8 21.4 – – –

 2 ................................................................... 8.32 3.5 36.0 8.25 3.7 35.8 9.41 5.8 38.0

 3 ................................................................... 9.68 2.3 34.5 9.60 2.3 34.4 10.41 12.8 35.2

 4 ................................................................... 11.58 2.1 38.4 11.61 2.5 38.2 11.38 2.3 39.4

 5 ................................................................... 13.05 2.0 39.0 13.03 2.1 39.1 13.24 4.6 38.2

 6 ................................................................... 14.96 4.0 37.8 14.61 5.1 37.4 15.93 4.7 38.9

 7 ................................................................... 18.57 11.5 34.7 19.08 11.8 35.9 – – –

Classified ad clerks ............................................ 10.38 12.9 35.2 10.43 13.6 35.3 – – –

 4 ................................................................... 12.84 6.1 31.3 12.84 6.1 31.3 – – –

Correspondence clerks ...................................... 11.94 3.3 38.0 11.98 3.3 37.9 – – –

 2 ................................................................... 8.82 9.5 35.8 8.82 9.5 35.8 – – –

 3 ................................................................... 10.34 4.2 39.1 10.43 4.3 39.1 – – –

 4 ................................................................... 10.48 4.1 37.0 10.48 4.1 37.0 – – –

 5 ................................................................... 14.10 5.0 38.4 14.10 5.0 38.4 – – –

 6 ................................................................... 14.65 8.5 39.4 14.65 8.5 39.4 – – –

Order clerks ....................................................... 11.94 2.2 37.6 11.90 2.2 37.6 15.57 5.6 38.8

 1 ................................................................... 7.46 9.2 32.5 7.46 9.2 32.5 – – –

 2 ................................................................... 8.20 2.6 34.3 8.20 2.6 34.3 – – –

 3 ................................................................... 10.01 2.0 35.2 9.99 2.0 35.2 – – –

 4 ................................................................... 12.00 3.6 39.0 11.96 3.6 39.0 – – –

 5 ................................................................... 14.49 2.8 39.5 14.48 2.9 39.5 – – –

 6 ................................................................... 15.29 6.4 39.9 15.25 6.5 39.9 – – –

 7 ................................................................... 19.25 3.3 39.5 19.24 3.3 39.5 – – –

Personnel clerks, except payroll and

timekeeping ..................................................... 12.71 1.8 38.0 12.57 1.8 38.9 13.18 5.2 35.2

 2 ................................................................... 8.68 4.6 33.9 8.31 1.7 40.0 – – –

 3 ................................................................... 9.09 4.1 39.0 9.06 4.1 39.0 – – –

 4 ................................................................... 11.15 1.8 36.8 11.22 1.9 38.3 10.81 6.5 30.5

 5 ................................................................... 12.69 2.3 39.0 12.67 2.6 38.9 12.82 3.3 39.5

 6 ................................................................... 15.52 3.5 39.4 15.56 4.2 39.3 15.40 4.4 39.6

 7 ................................................................... 16.17 3.8 39.7 17.12 2.7 39.4 15.15 6.8 40.0

Library clerks ..................................................... 10.48 1.9 30.0 11.42 2.7 31.6 10.20 2.3 29.5

 1 ................................................................... 6.52 2.3 17.0 6.05 8.6 18.1 6.59 2.3 16.8

 2 ................................................................... 8.86 3.7 26.6 9.42 9.1 28.2 8.73 3.7 26.3

 3 ................................................................... 10.16 2.5 31.7 10.33 4.3 28.5 10.11 2.8 32.6

 4 ................................................................... 10.83 4.1 34.0 11.41 4.1 34.4 10.69 5.0 33.9

 5 ................................................................... 12.30 4.2 32.6 13.82 4.7 35.6 11.64 5.0 31.4

 6 ................................................................... 14.01 5.0 37.2 13.44 6.1 38.2 14.61 6.2 36.2

 7 ................................................................... 12.90 3.2 24.7 – – – – – –

File clerks ........................................................... 9.08 1.6 35.5 8.98 1.7 35.3 9.95 5.8 37.4

 1 ................................................................... 7.54 5.3 29.5 7.59 5.5 29.7 – – –

 2 ................................................................... 8.17 1.9 36.5 8.19 2.0 36.4 7.93 7.1 38.8

 3 ................................................................... 9.57 2.3 35.4 9.56 2.4 35.3 9.78 5.7 35.9

 4 ................................................................... 10.13 2.8 38.6 10.19 3.3 38.7 9.93 8.0 38.5

 5 ................................................................... 12.79 5.1 36.9 – – – – – –

See footnotes at end of table.

58
Table 2-4. Selected occupations1 and levels:2 Mean hourly earnings3 and weekly hours, private industry and State and local

government, National Compensation Survey,4 1998–Continued

Occupation and level

Total Private industry State and local

 government

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

Mean hours

Relative

error5

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error5

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error5

(percent)

White collar –Continued

Administrative support, including clerical

–Continued

Records clerks, n.e.c. ........................................ $11.07 1.2 37.8 $11.00 1.4 37.7 $11.30 2.9 38.0

 1 ................................................................... 6.85 4.8 37.0 6.96 6.8 36.6 6.49 2.3 38.1

 2 ................................................................... 8.24 5.4 36.1 7.92 5.5 35.6 9.58 8.7 38.1

 3 ................................................................... 9.41 1.7 36.9 9.59 1.6 36.7 8.57 5.0 38.2

 4 ................................................................... 11.60 2.1 38.4 11.50 2.0 38.7 11.86 5.0 37.8

 5 ................................................................... 13.23 1.5 38.5 13.41 1.7 38.7 12.74 2.3 37.7

 6 ................................................................... 14.15 3.8 38.9 15.03 4.1 38.8 12.56 5.5 38.9

 7 ................................................................... 15.13 2.8 38.6 15.77 3.9 38.8 14.01 2.5 38.2

Not able to be leveled .................................... 9.46 12.2 38.7 – – – – – –

Bookkeepers, accounting and auditing clerks ... 11.74 .8 38.4 11.58 .8 38.4 12.50 1.7 38.7

 1 ................................................................... 7.10 2.4 20.3 7.10 2.4 20.3 – – –

 2 ................................................................... 9.09 2.0 36.1 8.99 2.1 35.8 10.45 3.7 39.7

 3 ................................................................... 9.62 1.6 37.2 9.60 1.7 37.0 9.73 2.9 38.0

 4 ................................................................... 11.18 .6 39.0 11.11 1.5 39.0 11.53 1.7 39.0

 5 ................................................................... 13.26 1.2 38.7 13.00 1.2 38.8 14.18 3.3 38.4

 6 ................................................................... 14.25 1.5 39.3 14.35 1.6 39.4 13.92 4.2 38.6

 7 ................................................................... 16.80 2.1 39.1 16.77 2.3 39.3 16.89 4.6 38.7

Not able to be leveled .................................... 10.61 9.5 38.5 10.40 10.4 38.3 – – –

Payroll and timekeeping clerks .......................... 12.62 1.8 38.2 12.50 1.9 38.2 13.67 4.1 38.1

 2 ................................................................... 10.28 18.5 29.9 10.28 18.5 29.9 – – –

 3 ................................................................... 10.47 3.0 37.8 10.50 3.1 38.3 – – –

 4 ................................................................... 11.59 2.2 39.3 11.45 2.4 39.3 12.54 4.6 39.1

 5 ................................................................... 13.50 2.4 39.8 13.52 2.8 39.9 13.40 2.9 39.4

 6 ................................................................... 15.37 3.5 39.4 15.09 3.5 39.5 – – –

 7 ................................................................... 17.37 5.9 39.5 17.21 6.6 39.9 18.64 6.1 37.1

Billing clerks ....................................................... 11.00 1.5 38.5 10.96 1.5 38.7 11.43 6.6 37.0

 2 ................................................................... 8.60 3.4 38.7 8.94 2.9 38.3 – – –

 3 ................................................................... 9.94 2.6 38.9 9.83 2.7 38.8 11.25 10.3 40.0

 4 ................................................................... 10.96 1.8 38.1 10.91 1.8 38.6 11.81 8.3 31.4

 5 ................................................................... 12.48 2.9 38.7 12.30 3.1 38.6 13.91 4.0 39.5

 6 ................................................................... 14.40 3.6 39.4 14.69 4.3 39.2 – – –

 7 ................................................................... 16.57 3.5 38.6 16.59 3.5 38.6 – – –

Cost and rate clerks ........................................... 11.76 6.8 39.7 11.76 6.8 39.7 – – –

 3 ................................................................... 9.40 5.3 39.6 9.40 5.3 39.6 – – –

 4 ................................................................... 11.89 4.8 39.5 11.89 4.8 39.5 – – –

 5 ................................................................... 14.29 3.9 39.7 14.29 3.9 39.7 – – –

 6 ................................................................... 15.49 4.8 39.8 15.49 4.8 39.8 – – –

Billing, posting, and calculating machine

operators .......................................................... 10.15 5.1 33.2 10.16 5.1 33.2 – – –

 2 ................................................................... 8.09 4.2 27.9 8.09 4.2 27.9 – – –

 3 ................................................................... 9.29 4.9 33.8 9.30 4.9 33.7 – – –

 4 ................................................................... 11.42 9.6 34.7 11.46 9.7 34.6 – – –

 5 ................................................................... 14.74 8.8 39.4 14.74 8.8 39.4 – – –

Duplicating machine operators .......................... 9.52 2.4 36.1 9.71 2.3 35.0 9.01 6.8 39.6

 1 ................................................................... 8.48 1.9 36.3 8.38 2.4 34.6 – – –

 2 ................................................................... 9.04 2.7 35.1 9.04 2.7 35.1 – – –

 3 ................................................................... 9.16 2.9 35.7 9.89 3.8 33.3 – – –

 5 ................................................................... 14.82 5.9 38.9 13.84 12.4 37.6 – – –

Mail preparing and paper handling machine

operators .......................................................... 9.36 5.0 35.6 9.36 5.0 35.6 – – –

 2 ................................................................... 9.38 8.9 37.1 9.38 8.9 37.1 – – –

Office machine operators, n.e.c. ........................ 8.71 4.6 36.5 8.65 4.7 36.8 – – –

 1 ................................................................... 7.50 5.7 37.5 7.50 5.7 37.5 – – –

 2 ................................................................... 8.41 3.9 35.5 8.41 3.9 35.5 – – –

 3 ................................................................... 9.99 6.3 34.7 10.04 7.5 35.9 – – –

Telephone operators .......................................... 11.48 3.5 36.2 11.54 3.7 36.2 10.54 6.9 37.3

 1 ................................................................... 7.96 4.7 33.7 7.96 4.7 33.7 – – –

 2 ................................................................... 11.91 5.7 37.0 11.98 5.7 37.1 8.51 3.8 32.5

 3 ................................................................... 9.92 3.0 34.5 10.03 3.1 34.1 8.76 6.6 40.0

See footnotes at end of table.

59
Table 2-4. Selected occupations1 and levels:2 Mean hourly earnings3 and weekly hours, private industry and State and local

government, National Compensation Survey,4 1998–Continued

Occupation and level

Total Private industry State and local

 government

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

Mean hours

Relative

error5

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error5

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error5

(percent)

White collar –Continued

Administrative support, including clerical

–Continued

Telephone operators –Continued

 4 ................................................................... $13.24 2.5 37.2 $13.18 2.6 37.1 – – –

 5 ................................................................... 12.65 5.1 37.9 – – – – – –

Communications equipment operators, n.e.c. ... 10.41 3.9 33.6 9.84 6.3 34.0 $11.45 3.2 32.9

 1 ................................................................... 8.45 10.8 23.5 – – – – – –

Mail clerks, except postal service ...................... 9.10 3.0 36.1 9.18 3.1 35.8 8.36 9.8 39.1

 1 ................................................................... 6.86 3.4 35.5 6.84 4.0 34.9 – – –

 2 ................................................................... 8.80 2.4 36.2 8.86 2.6 36.1 7.96 2.4 37.5

 3 ................................................................... 9.99 5.5 35.0 9.97 5.8 34.8 10.28 9.1 39.2

 4 ................................................................... 10.72 6.3 38.6 10.65 6.3 38.6 – – –

 5 ................................................................... 13.81 13.4 38.6 13.81 13.4 38.6 – – –

Messengers ....................................................... 8.92 6.8 36.3 8.79 7.5 36.4 9.76 9.3 35.7

 1 ................................................................... 7.61 10.0 35.7 7.49 10.2 35.9 9.58 15.5 32.9

 2 ................................................................... 8.06 4.2 33.9 8.21 5.2 32.9 7.73 6.6 36.7

 3 ................................................................... 10.39 5.2 38.7 9.97 4.0 39.6 – – –

 4 ................................................................... 12.42 8.1 38.2 12.53 8.2 38.1 – – –

Dispatchers ........................................................ 12.92 3.7 38.3 12.48 5.8 38.1 13.27 4.6 38.4

 2 ................................................................... 9.10 8.7 33.7 – – – 10.65 5.9 35.8

 3 ................................................................... 9.95 4.5 37.1 9.65 4.0 38.8 10.42 9.7 34.7

 4 ................................................................... 11.26 3.9 38.6 11.51 3.9 38.1 11.11 5.8 39.0

 5 ................................................................... 13.89 3.2 39.2 15.38 4.6 39.5 13.15 3.8 39.1

 6 ................................................................... 14.62 3.9 40.5 15.05 3.5 42.1 14.29 5.7 39.3

 7 ................................................................... 18.74 5.9 39.6 17.09 5.6 40.6 19.38 7.1 39.2

Not able to be leveled .................................... 22.49 19.7 40.0 – – – – – –

Production coordinators ..................................... 14.69 1.8 38.9 14.67 1.8 38.9 16.84 9.4 39.8

 2 ................................................................... 9.92 9.7 20.2 9.92 9.7 20.2 – – –

 3 ................................................................... 10.67 3.0 38.9 10.67 3.0 38.9 – – –

 4 ................................................................... 12.55 2.4 38.6 12.57 2.5 38.6 – – –

 5 ................................................................... 14.26 2.5 40.0 14.27 2.6 40.0 – – –

 6 ................................................................... 15.09 2.9 39.9 15.03 3.0 39.9 – – –

 7 ................................................................... 16.78 6.0 40.0 16.78 6.0 40.0 – – –

 8 ................................................................... 23.30 3.6 40.8 23.27 4.0 40.8 – – –

Not able to be leveled .................................... 17.30 10.4 39.6 17.30 10.4 39.6 – – –

Traffic, shipping and receiving clerks ................. 11.50 3.0 37.8 11.47 3.1 37.8 13.37 3.5 38.7

 1 ................................................................... 7.85 6.9 38.3 7.85 6.9 38.3 – – –

 2 ................................................................... 9.20 1.4 30.0 9.20 1.4 30.0 – – –

 3 ................................................................... 9.64 2.1 39.2 9.64 2.1 39.2 – – –

 4 ................................................................... 11.76 2.8 38.6 11.77 2.8 38.6 – – –

 5 ................................................................... 13.78 3.1 39.8 13.71 3.4 39.9 – – –

 6 ................................................................... 15.27 3.1 39.9 15.37 3.4 39.9 – – –

 7 ................................................................... 17.54 2.6 40.1 17.54 2.6 40.1 – – –

Stock and inventory clerks ................................. 11.27 1.5 36.2 11.23 1.7 35.9 11.62 3.7 39.2

 1 ................................................................... 7.51 2.7 26.3 7.52 3.0 25.2 7.43 2.1 39.6

 2 ................................................................... 8.60 4.4 31.5 8.66 4.8 30.9 8.01 4.6 38.6

 3 ................................................................... 9.95 2.2 36.3 9.96 2.4 36.1 9.81 5.3 39.1

 4 ................................................................... 11.74 1.9 39.1 11.63 2.1 39.0 12.57 3.1 39.5

 5 ................................................................... 14.04 2.5 39.2 14.09 2.6 39.2 13.73 8.0 39.0

 6 ................................................................... 15.33 2.9 39.5 15.34 3.2 39.7 – – –

 7 ................................................................... 17.23 4.0 39.9 17.33 4.2 39.9 – – –

Not able to be leveled .................................... 14.92 8.0 40.0 – – – – – –

Meter readers .................................................... 15.08 3.9 39.5 15.94 4.5 39.9 13.45 5.0 38.9

 1 ................................................................... 13.80 3.5 39.3 – – – – – –

 2 ................................................................... 12.08 10.5 40.0 12.18 13.2 40.0 – – –

 3 ................................................................... 14.26 4.2 38.6 15.13 4.8 39.5 13.05 6.6 37.5

 4 ................................................................... 16.72 5.7 40.0 17.90 3.6 40.0 12.40 6.5 40.0

 5 ................................................................... 15.09 11.5 40.0 17.65 8.3 40.0 12.19 4.8 40.0

Weighers, measurers, checkers, and samplers 12.73 5.7 36.3 12.67 6.1 38.9 – – –

 1 ................................................................... 6.95 7.7 32.1 6.95 7.7 32.1 – – –

 2 ................................................................... 9.25 6.3 30.7 9.37 6.3 37.5 – – –

See footnotes at end of table.

60
Table 2-4. Selected occupations1 and levels:2 Mean hourly earnings3 and weekly hours, private industry and State and local

government, National Compensation Survey,4 1998–Continued

Occupation and level

Total Private industry State and local

 government

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

Mean hours

Relative

error5

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error5

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error5

(percent)

White collar –Continued

Administrative support, including clerical

–Continued

Weighers, measurers, checkers, and samplers

–Continued

 3 ................................................................... $14.25 7.4 37.7 $14.26 7.8 40.0 – – –

 4 ................................................................... 12.34 2.3 40.0 12.34 2.3 40.0 – – –

Expeditors .......................................................... 13.12 3.0 38.0 13.09 3.0 38.0 – – –

 2 ................................................................... 7.64 7.8 27.9 7.64 7.8 27.9 – – –

 3 ................................................................... 9.82 5.6 37.3 9.82 5.6 37.3 – – –

 4 ................................................................... 12.49 6.1 38.5 12.49 6.2 38.4 – – –

 5 ................................................................... 13.06 4.5 39.5 12.91 4.7 39.5 – – –

 7 ................................................................... 18.23 4.6 39.7 18.23 4.6 39.7 – – –

Material recording, scheduling, and distribution

clerks, n.e.c. ..................................................... 11.79 3.3 37.5 11.74 3.4 37.5 $14.06 6.3 40.0

 1 ................................................................... 7.11 5.4 32.4 7.11 5.4 32.4 – – –

 2 ................................................................... 7.77 2.6 37.1 7.77 2.6 37.1 – – –

 3 ................................................................... 10.92 7.0 38.0 10.88 7.2 38.0 – – –

 4 ................................................................... 10.78 3.0 36.3 10.71 3.0 36.2 – – –

 5 ................................................................... 14.28 3.7 39.8 14.20 3.7 39.8 – – –

 6 ................................................................... 16.81 5.4 40.0 16.78 5.8 40.0 – – –

 7 ................................................................... 18.93 2.9 40.1 18.93 2.9 40.1 – – –

Insurance adjusters, examiners, and

investigators ..................................................... 14.96 2.9 39.0 14.97 3.0 39.0 14.32 6.4 40.0

 2 ................................................................... 9.36 3.8 38.2 9.36 3.8 38.2 – – –

 3 ................................................................... 10.08 2.0 39.3 10.09 2.1 39.3 – – –

 4 ................................................................... 11.53 2.8 39.1 11.53 2.8 39.1 – – –

 5 ................................................................... 13.08 2.3 39.0 13.04 2.4 38.9 – – –

 6 ................................................................... 14.71 1.3 39.0 14.73 1.3 39.0 – – –

 7 ................................................................... 17.72 2.6 39.2 17.71 2.6 39.1 – – –

 8 ................................................................... 22.11 4.3 38.6 22.11 4.3 38.6 – – –

 9 ................................................................... 21.10 2.4 38.3 21.25 2.5 38.3 – – –

10 ................................................................... 22.67 3.6 38.7 22.67 3.6 38.7 – – –

11 ................................................................... 42.46 10.3 37.3 42.46 10.3 37.3 – – –

Investigators and adjusters, except insurance ... 12.61 2.6 38.3 12.53 2.7 38.3 14.89 5.1 38.3

 1 ................................................................... 6.70 4.6 36.0 6.80 5.6 38.0 – – –

 2 ................................................................... 8.20 6.6 37.4 8.20 6.6 37.4 – – –

 3 ................................................................... 9.55 2.4 36.7 9.54 2.4 36.8 – – –

 4 ................................................................... 12.53 6.1 38.7 12.54 6.2 38.7 12.37 9.9 38.7

 5 ................................................................... 14.03 3.4 38.5 14.01 3.6 38.5 14.30 6.4 39.5

 6 ................................................................... 14.74 2.6 39.6 14.72 2.7 39.6 – – –

 7 ................................................................... 17.08 3.0 39.1 16.95 3.3 38.9 17.71 8.1 40.0

 8 ................................................................... 20.09 6.5 39.9 20.09 6.5 39.9 – – –

Not able to be leveled .................................... 11.95 11.9 38.9 11.95 11.9 38.9 – – –

Eligibility clerks, social welfare ........................... 13.02 2.1 38.4 10.99 4.1 38.1 13.61 2.1 38.5

 2 ................................................................... 9.68 5.6 36.8 – – – – – –

 3 ................................................................... 9.69 6.1 38.1 9.86 10.3 38.3 9.48 4.5 37.8

 4 ................................................................... 10.91 2.9 38.4 10.57 3.8 37.6 11.22 4.2 39.1

 5 ................................................................... 13.60 6.6 39.1 11.44 8.3 39.3 14.30 7.6 39.1

 6 ................................................................... 13.71 2.0 38.7 – – – 13.73 1.8 38.7

 7 ................................................................... 14.94 3.5 38.7 – – – 15.12 3.6 39.2

Bill and account collectors ................................. 11.65 2.7 38.5 11.58 2.8 38.4 12.96 4.1 39.6

 2 ................................................................... 9.56 8.1 37.3 9.57 8.1 37.3 – – –

 3 ................................................................... 9.79 2.0 38.3 9.77 2.1 38.2 – – –

 4 ................................................................... 10.78 4.0 38.1 10.71 4.0 38.1 13.11 8.3 38.7

 5 ................................................................... 13.04 2.9 39.3 13.02 3.2 39.3 13.26 4.0 39.7

 6 ................................................................... 13.92 3.3 39.8 14.23 3.1 39.8 – – –

 7 ................................................................... 16.39 10.2 39.8 16.45 11.0 39.8 – – –

General office clerks .......................................... 11.25 .8 36.7 11.12 1.0 36.5 11.46 1.3 37.1

 1 ................................................................... 7.22 3.2 26.3 7.46 2.5 26.8 6.58 7.8 25.3

 2 ................................................................... 8.65 1.3 34.3 8.51 1.6 34.4 9.04 2.3 34.0

 3 ................................................................... 10.00 1.0 36.7 9.95 1.2 36.3 10.09 1.7 37.5

See footnotes at end of table.

61
Table 2-4. Selected occupations1 and levels:2 Mean hourly earnings3 and weekly hours, private industry and State and local

government, National Compensation Survey,4 1998–Continued

Occupation and level

Total Private industry State and local

 government

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

Mean hours

Relative

error5

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error5

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error5

(percent)

White collar –Continued

Administrative support, including clerical

–Continued

General office clerks –Continued

 4 ................................................................... $11.80 1.2 38.1 $11.91 1.7 38.0 $11.65 1.4 38.2

 5 ................................................................... 13.42 1.1 38.9 13.39 1.5 39.2 13.45 1.8 38.5

 6 ................................................................... 15.00 2.5 39.5 15.93 2.6 39.5 13.98 3.7 39.4

 7 ................................................................... 16.81 2.3 38.8 17.19 2.8 38.7 15.83 3.5 39.1

Not able to be leveled .................................... 13.70 9.9 35.1 11.58 13.0 36.0 14.84 8.2 34.7

Bank tellers ........................................................ 8.97 1.4 32.2 8.97 1.4 32.2 – – –

 1 ................................................................... 7.85 2.1 26.6 7.85 2.1 26.6 – – –

 2 ................................................................... 7.95 1.2 30.1 7.95 1.2 30.1 – – –

 3 ................................................................... 8.76 2.0 30.8 8.76 2.0 30.8 – – –

 4 ................................................................... 9.31 1.6 36.2 9.31 1.6 36.2 – – –

 5 ................................................................... 12.03 6.1 37.7 12.03 6.1 37.7 – – –

 6 ................................................................... 11.77 1.9 39.9 11.77 1.9 39.9 – – –

Proofreaders ...................................................... 12.53 13.2 38.1 10.46 5.4 37.5 – – –

 3 ................................................................... 8.49 1.9 33.6 8.49 1.9 33.6 – – –

 4 ................................................................... 10.98 7.0 39.4 10.98 7.0 39.4 – – –

Data entry keyers ............................................... 10.04 1.4 37.6 9.79 1.5 37.4 11.20 3.3 38.8

 1 ................................................................... 8.30 6.6 38.2 7.49 2.5 37.0 – – –

 2 ................................................................... 8.89 2.2 36.6 8.75 2.1 36.4 10.72 8.5 38.9

 3 ................................................................... 10.08 2.1 37.7 9.76 2.2 37.7 11.33 4.1 37.8

 4 ................................................................... 11.20 2.8 38.8 11.08 3.0 38.7 11.62 6.8 39.5

 5 ................................................................... 12.38 4.0 39.4 12.31 5.0 39.2 – – –

 6 ................................................................... 15.39 4.6 39.9 15.72 4.5 39.9 – – –

Statistical clerks ................................................. 11.56 3.9 37.2 11.93 4.6 36.7 10.34 4.0 38.8

 1 ................................................................... 7.39 7.8 30.6 7.39 7.8 30.6 – – –

 2 ................................................................... 8.76 5.6 31.1 8.58 5.9 30.7 – – –

 3 ................................................................... 8.63 5.3 37.6 8.61 6.4 37.2 – – –

 4 ................................................................... 12.73 6.6 38.0 13.51 6.7 37.6 9.93 6.4 39.5

 5 ................................................................... 11.75 8.1 37.1 13.79 2.3 36.3 – – –

 6 ................................................................... 12.61 4.5 39.7 12.61 4.5 39.7 – – –

 7 ................................................................... 14.81 6.0 39.7 16.25 4.5 40.0 – – –

Teachers’ aides ................................................. 9.52 1.8 30.6 8.29 4.0 31.5 9.60 1.8 30.5

 1 ................................................................... 7.95 3.0 29.5 6.29 3.4 26.6 8.09 3.1 29.8

 2 ................................................................... 8.33 1.7 30.1 7.91 5.5 28.1 8.34 1.8 30.2

 3 ................................................................... 9.33 2.4 31.7 7.31 4.3 26.1 9.38 2.5 31.9

 4 ................................................................... 9.88 2.5 30.4 8.13 3.7 34.6 10.14 2.5 29.8

 5 ................................................................... 14.08 4.0 27.9 10.48 17.7 36.3 14.34 3.7 27.5

 6 ................................................................... 13.71 6.9 30.0 10.35 9.1 31.5 14.00 6.9 29.8

 7 ................................................................... 12.25 9.0 35.5 – – – 12.48 9.7 34.5

Administrative support, n.e.c. ............................ 12.06 1.7 36.6 11.91 2.1 36.6 12.50 1.7 36.6

 1 ................................................................... 6.53 5.6 26.6 6.42 5.8 27.4 7.74 3.4 20.0

 2 ................................................................... 8.92 3.4 33.3 8.89 4.0 33.5 9.08 4.2 32.4

 3 ................................................................... 9.59 2.7 35.4 9.44 2.9 35.8 10.27 4.9 33.8

 4 ................................................................... 11.64 1.5 37.6 11.71 1.9 37.5 11.40 1.9 38.1

 5 ................................................................... 13.08 1.7 38.6 13.28 2.2 38.5 12.66 2.6 38.6

 6 ................................................................... 14.95 2.6 39.1 15.31 3.2 39.0 14.00 3.6 39.4

 7 ................................................................... 16.93 2.7 39.1 16.72 3.8 39.6 17.56 1.7 37.5

Not able to be leveled .................................... 13.62 4.8 35.9 12.90 7.5 36.2 14.79 4.3 35.4

Blue collar ........................................................................ 12.90 .6 38.5 12.77 .7 38.6 14.44 1.1 37.5

 1 ................................................................... 7.77 1.3 34.8 7.72 1.3 34.8 9.38 4.8 35.8

 2 ................................................................... 9.02 .8 37.6 8.96 .8 37.8 10.21 2.3 34.4

 3 ................................................................... 11.43 1.1 38.7 11.42 1.5 39.1 11.57 2.2 33.8

 4 ................................................................... 12.79 .8 39.4 12.77 .9 39.6 13.08 2.3 36.6

 5 ................................................................... 14.06 .6 39.8 14.05 .6 39.9 14.11 1.4 38.5

 6 ................................................................... 16.01 .8 40.5 16.12 .9 40.6 15.07 2.7 39.7

 7 ................................................................... 18.98 .5 39.9 19.15 .6 40.0 17.98 1.6 39.8

 8 ................................................................... 21.35 .9 40.3 21.35 1.0 40.4 21.26 2.9 39.7

 9 ................................................................... 23.73 1.3 40.4 23.81 1.4 40.5 22.72 3.6 39.6

See footnotes at end of table.

62
Table 2-4. Selected occupations1 and levels:2 Mean hourly earnings3 and weekly hours, private industry and State and local

government, National Compensation Survey,4 1998–Continued

Occupation and level

Total Private industry State and local

 government

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

Mean hours

Relative

error5

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error5

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error5

(percent)

Blue collar –Continued

10 ................................................................... $28.79 3.4 41.8 $29.02 3.6 41.9 – – –

11 ................................................................... 31.64 2.7 39.5 31.71 3.1 39.7 – – –

Not able to be leveled .................................... 16.83 6.1 38.3 17.39 5.7 38.5 $14.08 24.7 37.1

Precision production, craft, and repair ...................... 16.58 1.0 39.8 16.60 1.1 39.8 16.39 1.5 39.8

 1 ................................................................... 8.51 5.3 39.0 8.51 5.3 39.1 – – –

 2 ................................................................... 8.57 3.3 38.3 8.52 3.4 38.1 9.25 7.0 40.0

 3 ................................................................... 9.91 1.2 39.7 9.85 1.2 39.7 10.57 2.8 39.8

 4 ................................................................... 12.41 1.8 39.7 12.46 2.0 39.7 11.92 2.9 39.5

 5 ................................................................... 14.01 .9 39.7 14.03 1.0 39.7 13.85 2.1 39.6

 6 ................................................................... 16.33 1.2 40.0 16.49 1.3 40.0 15.28 2.6 39.8

 7 ................................................................... 19.20 .6 39.9 19.40 .6 39.9 18.03 1.6 39.9

 8 ................................................................... 21.50 1.0 40.3 21.52 1.0 40.3 21.28 3.2 39.7

 9 ................................................................... 23.50 1.3 40.3 23.52 1.4 40.4 23.18 4.4 39.8

10 ................................................................... 28.93 3.5 41.9 29.10 3.6 42.0 – – –

11 ................................................................... 31.64 2.7 39.5 31.71 3.1 39.7 – – –

Not able to be leveled .................................... 20.49 6.2 39.5 20.30 5.9 39.5 22.02 27.9 39.7

Supervisors, mechanics and repairers .............. 21.96 1.7 40.7 22.34 1.8 40.8 19.75 3.7 39.9

 5 ................................................................... 12.60 8.0 40.0 – – – – – –

 6 ................................................................... 16.76 7.0 42.7 15.51 6.1 43.7 – – –

 7 ................................................................... 19.98 2.1 40.2 20.62 2.2 40.3 17.83 4.6 39.9

 8 ................................................................... 22.65 2.1 40.7 22.73 2.3 40.8 21.92 4.2 40.0

 9 ................................................................... 24.65 2.9 40.9 24.70 3.1 41.0 23.87 7.0 40.0

10 ................................................................... 36.58 5.1 40.3 36.58 5.1 40.3 – – –

Not able to be leveled .................................... 28.47 6.8 40.0 28.47 6.8 40.0 – – –

Automobile mechanics ....................................... 17.25 2.7 40.5 17.16 2.6 40.6 17.62 8.1 39.8

 4 ................................................................... 14.31 10.5 41.5 14.90 9.7 41.7 – – –

 5 ................................................................... 13.80 5.2 40.5 14.05 5.9 40.5 11.99 3.4 40.0

 6 ................................................................... 18.76 7.4 41.0 19.16 8.2 41.4 16.33 4.4 39.0

 7 ................................................................... 18.28 3.0 40.3 18.04 2.2 40.4 18.96 8.1 39.9

 8 ................................................................... 18.12 3.4 40.3 17.78 4.4 40.7 – – –

Automobile mechanic apprentices ..................... 10.43 6.0 39.8 10.19 6.8 39.8 – – –

 2 ................................................................... 8.59 9.5 40.0 8.46 9.9 40.0 – – –

 5 ................................................................... 11.28 4.5 37.7 10.59 5.8 36.6 – – –

Bus, truck, and stationary engine mechanics .... 15.45 1.9 40.2 15.19 2.2 40.2 16.50 4.0 40.0

 3 ................................................................... 10.25 6.0 40.0 11.08 3.9 40.0 – – –

 4 ................................................................... 12.54 5.5 40.0 11.90 6.8 40.0 – – –

 5 ................................................................... 12.70 2.4 40.0 12.42 2.2 40.0 15.50 7.9 40.0

 6 ................................................................... 14.34 4.6 41.1 13.99 4.9 41.4 15.89 6.1 40.0

 7 ................................................................... 17.55 1.8 40.0 17.46 2.3 40.1 17.86 2.0 39.9

Aircraft engine mechanics ................................. 21.79 3.2 40.0 21.80 3.2 40.0 – – –

 5 ................................................................... 15.14 2.5 40.0 – – – – – –

 6 ................................................................... 18.65 11.5 40.0 18.65 11.5 40.0 – – –

 7 ................................................................... 23.06 3.7 39.9 23.06 3.7 39.9 – – –

Small engine repairs .......................................... 12.25 6.1 35.9 12.13 9.2 33.6 12.42 6.8 40.0

Automobile body and related repairers .............. 16.55 5.1 40.8 16.54 5.1 40.8 – – –

 5 ................................................................... 15.30 8.8 40.5 15.30 8.8 40.5 – – –

 6 ................................................................... 14.00 8.8 42.1 13.96 8.9 42.2 – – –

 7 ................................................................... 19.64 7.0 40.5 19.66 7.1 40.5 – – –

Aircraft mechanics, except engine ..................... 19.28 2.4 40.0 19.28 2.4 40.0 – – –

 5 ................................................................... 14.43 9.5 40.0 14.43 9.5 40.0 – – –

 7 ................................................................... 19.77 1.7 40.0 19.77 1.7 40.0 – – –

 8 ................................................................... 23.65 6.4 40.5 23.65 6.4 40.5 – – –

Heavy equipment mechanics ............................. 17.28 3.1 40.0 17.50 3.7 40.0 16.36 5.4 40.0

 4 ................................................................... 12.44 3.1 40.0 12.44 3.1 40.0 – – –

 5 ................................................................... 12.04 1.6 40.3 12.25 1.4 40.4 11.24 5.9 40.0

 6 ................................................................... 17.40 13.7 39.9 18.54 16.1 40.0 14.57 8.4 39.8

 7 ................................................................... 18.91 2.3 40.0 19.06 2.7 40.0 18.27 2.7 40.0

 8 ................................................................... 20.46 3.7 40.0 20.14 3.6 40.0 – – –

Farm equipment mechanics .............................. 14.58 10.6 40.0 – – – – – –

Industrial machinery repairers ........................... 16.58 1.9 39.9 16.56 1.9 39.9 17.88 6.5 40.0

 2 ................................................................... 11.05 5.1 40.0 11.05 5.1 40.0 – – –

See footnotes at end of table.

63
Table 2-4. Selected occupations1 and levels:2 Mean hourly earnings3 and weekly hours, private industry and State and local

government, National Compensation Survey,4 1998–Continued

Occupation and level

Total Private industry State and local

 government

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

Mean hours

Relative

error5

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error5

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error5

(percent)

Blue collar –Continued

Precision production, craft, and repair –Continued

Industrial machinery repairers –Continued

 3 ................................................................... $10.70 3.4 39.8 $10.65 3.5 39.8 – – –

 4 ................................................................... 12.09 5.3 39.8 12.08 5.3 39.8 – – –

 5 ................................................................... 13.25 3.0 40.0 13.23 3.1 40.0 $14.29 8.2 40.0

 6 ................................................................... 15.64 1.6 40.0 15.65 1.6 40.0 14.78 5.2 40.0

 7 ................................................................... 18.46 2.1 39.8 18.41 2.1 39.8 21.16 5.3 39.9

 8 ................................................................... 20.22 3.6 40.0 20.22 3.6 40.0 – – –

 9 ................................................................... 19.91 2.8 40.0 19.91 2.8 40.0 – – –

Machinery maintenance ..................................... 13.51 2.6 39.8 13.46 2.6 39.8 14.66 8.2 38.4

 2 ................................................................... 8.62 6.1 39.4 8.50 6.8 39.4 – – –

 3 ................................................................... 12.12 6.7 39.4 12.12 6.7 39.4 – – –

 4 ................................................................... 12.17 8.0 39.7 12.24 7.9 39.7 – – –

 5 ................................................................... 13.01 5.8 40.1 13.02 6.0 40.3 – – –

 6 ................................................................... 15.42 3.4 39.8 15.23 3.3 39.7 – – –

 7 ................................................................... 17.77 3.3 39.6 17.98 3.4 39.5 – – –

 8 ................................................................... 17.34 4.9 40.0 – – – – – –

Electronic repairers, communications and

industrial equipment ......................................... 17.57 3.6 39.4 17.58 3.9 39.4 17.53 5.2 39.3

 2 ................................................................... 9.14 4.2 40.0 9.10 4.4 40.0 – – –

 3 ................................................................... 9.40 2.9 36.5 9.40 2.9 36.5 – – –

 4 ................................................................... 10.51 4.6 39.5 10.34 4.3 39.5 – – –

 5 ................................................................... 15.60 5.2 39.1 15.88 5.7 39.2 12.65 3.7 38.3

 6 ................................................................... 14.74 4.0 40.1 14.71 4.2 40.1 – – –

 7 ................................................................... 20.87 3.7 39.5 21.03 3.9 39.5 19.46 5.9 39.4

 8 ................................................................... 17.32 4.1 39.7 17.03 4.1 39.7 – – –

 9 ................................................................... 21.51 2.9 40.0 21.51 2.9 40.0 – – –

Data processing equipment repairers ................ 16.57 3.3 37.8 16.67 3.7 37.5 15.78 4.2 40.0

 5 ................................................................... 12.48 5.4 39.8 12.30 6.1 39.8 – – –

 6 ................................................................... 14.18 5.2 39.4 14.30 6.0 39.3 – – –

 7 ................................................................... 17.21 3.9 37.2 17.38 4.3 36.8 – – –

Household appliance and power tool repairers 16.77 6.1 38.3 16.77 6.1 38.3 – – –

 6 ................................................................... 18.68 6.1 40.1 18.68 6.1 40.1 – – –

 7 ................................................................... 18.87 7.1 40.0 18.87 7.1 40.0 – – –

Telephone line installers and repairers .............. 19.28 3.0 39.6 19.59 2.7 39.6 – – –

 4 ................................................................... 12.85 6.5 40.0 – – – – – –

 5 ................................................................... 19.24 5.2 40.0 19.85 3.6 40.0 – – –

 6 ................................................................... 17.47 2.6 40.0 17.47 2.6 40.0 – – –

 7 ................................................................... 21.01 2.4 39.1 21.01 2.4 39.1 – – –

Telephone installers and repairers .................... 18.00 1.8 39.9 17.88 1.7 39.9 – – –

 4 ................................................................... 13.94 7.3 40.0 13.94 7.3 40.0 – – –

 5 ................................................................... 18.10 3.3 40.0 18.10 3.3 40.0 – – –

 6 ................................................................... 15.15 7.1 39.5 15.15 7.1 39.5 – – –

 7 ................................................................... 19.28 2.2 40.0 19.05 1.9 40.0 – – –

 8 ................................................................... 19.44 2.8 40.0 19.44 2.8 40.0 – – –

Heating, air conditioning, and refrigeration

mechanics ........................................................ 16.16 2.3 39.7 16.64 3.0 39.7 14.97 3.4 39.6

 4 ................................................................... 12.12 7.7 40.0 12.52 7.1 40.0 – – –

 5 ................................................................... 14.34 6.3 39.6 14.04 7.2 39.3 14.85 10.5 40.0

 6 ................................................................... 15.98 5.6 39.6 16.87 6.3 39.5 12.39 5.2 40.0

 7 ................................................................... 17.36 2.5 39.7 18.08 3.8 39.9 15.95 3.6 39.3

Camera, watch, and musical instrument

repairers ........................................................... 16.47 14.1 40.0 16.47 14.1 40.0 – – –

 7 ................................................................... 16.35 19.7 40.0 16.35 19.7 40.0 – – –

Locksmiths and safe repairers ........................... 17.30 4.8 40.0 17.90 6.6 40.0 – – –

 7 ................................................................... 17.62 4.6 40.0 18.50 5.8 40.0 – – –

Office machine repairers .................................... 16.09 5.0 40.0 15.86 5.2 40.0 – – –

 5 ................................................................... 12.69 1.8 40.0 12.69 1.8 40.0 – – –

 6 ................................................................... 14.74 7.6 40.0 13.64 3.7 40.0 – – –

Mechanical controls and valve repairers ........... 18.11 4.0 39.5 18.43 5.3 40.0 17.35 4.5 38.3

 5 ................................................................... 15.91 6.0 38.5 15.49 9.3 40.0 16.36 6.6 37.1

See footnotes at end of table.

64
Table 2-4. Selected occupations1 and levels:2 Mean hourly earnings3 and weekly hours, private industry and State and local

government, National Compensation Survey,4 1998–Continued

Occupation and level

Total Private industry State and local

 government

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

Mean hours

Relative

error5

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error5

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error5

(percent)

Blue collar –Continued

Precision production, craft, and repair –Continued

Mechanical controls and valve repairers

–Continued

 6 ................................................................... $18.66 5.5 40.0 $18.81 5.8 40.0 – – –

 7 ................................................................... 20.17 6.1 40.0 20.38 8.6 40.0 $19.76 5.4 40.0

Elevator installers and repairers ........................ 19.27 23.4 40.0 19.17 24.0 40.0 – – –

 8 ................................................................... 24.15 8.5 40.0 – – – – – –

Millwrights .......................................................... 19.06 5.5 40.1 19.13 5.6 40.1 – – –

 4 ................................................................... 12.44 10.6 40.0 12.44 10.6 40.0 – – –

 5 ................................................................... 14.91 10.1 40.0 14.91 10.1 40.0 – – –

 7 ................................................................... 20.24 2.3 40.2 20.42 2.1 40.2 – – –

Mechanics and repairers, n.e.c. ......................... 15.62 1.4 39.7 16.04 1.6 39.7 14.26 2.6 39.7

 2 ................................................................... 7.71 3.2 38.8 7.54 3.3 38.6 – – –

 3 ................................................................... 9.92 2.5 39.7 9.86 2.7 39.6 10.11 4.9 39.9

 4 ................................................................... 12.00 2.8 38.8 12.49 3.7 38.4 10.80 3.0 39.6

 5 ................................................................... 13.63 2.9 39.8 13.75 3.8 39.8 13.30 2.8 39.8

 6 ................................................................... 16.18 2.1 39.9 16.75 2.1 39.9 14.41 4.6 39.7

 7 ................................................................... 17.93 1.2 39.8 18.21 1.3 39.9 16.95 2.6 39.8

 8 ................................................................... 21.12 3.3 39.8 21.04 3.4 39.8 – – –

 9 ................................................................... 21.71 2.7 40.0 21.17 2.3 40.0 – – –

Not able to be leveled .................................... 19.05 9.6 39.4 22.11 4.7 39.2 – – –

Supervisors, brickmasons, stonemasons, and

tilesetters ......................................................... 18.44 5.3 40.0 22.60 4.5 40.0 – – –

Supervisors, carpenters and related workers .... 21.04 5.8 40.3 21.37 5.9 40.3 – – –

 7 ................................................................... 17.94 5.9 40.0 18.00 6.0 40.0 – – –

 8 ................................................................... 20.43 6.0 40.0 21.38 5.4 40.0 – – –

 9 ................................................................... 24.27 7.6 41.0 24.27 7.6 41.0 – – –

Supervisors, electricians and power

transmission installers ..................................... 22.78 4.8 40.0 22.69 5.1 40.0 23.39 13.0 40.0

 7 ................................................................... 22.09 5.4 40.3 22.80 5.6 40.4 18.90 11.0 40.0

 8 ................................................................... 19.52 7.9 40.0 19.42 8.1 40.0 – – –

 9 ................................................................... 26.63 5.3 39.6 25.96 5.2 39.5 30.37 11.0 40.1

Supervisors, painters, paperhangers, and

plasterers ......................................................... 18.30 2.3 40.4 18.28 2.4 40.4 – – –

Supervisors, plumbers, pipefitters, and

steamfitters ...................................................... 23.27 6.6 40.1 23.82 8.1 40.3 22.44 12.2 39.8

 7 ................................................................... 23.07 11.4 39.4 18.63 5.5 37.6 24.63 10.0 40.0

 8 ................................................................... 23.64 15.3 40.0 26.82 12.5 40.0 – – –

 9 ................................................................... 25.11 4.5 39.6 25.30 5.1 40.0 – – –

Supervisors, construction trades, n.e.c. ............. 18.58 3.1 40.3 19.94 2.3 40.6 16.76 6.3 39.9

 5 ................................................................... 14.78 6.6 40.0 – – – 13.23 4.7 39.9

 6 ................................................................... 13.21 8.0 40.3 14.28 3.6 40.8 12.66 10.7 40.0

 7 ................................................................... 16.66 3.3 40.3 18.17 3.3 40.6 14.77 4.4 39.9

 8 ................................................................... 21.46 3.8 41.0 20.91 3.9 41.5 22.55 6.1 39.9

 9 ................................................................... 24.25 3.7 39.6 25.05 2.8 39.4 22.24 11.0 40.1

Brickmasons and stonemasons ......................... 16.56 5.5 40.0 16.93 7.6 40.0 – – –

 7 ................................................................... 17.82 3.3 40.0 19.09 4.7 40.0 – – –

Brickmason and stonemason apprentices ......... 12.73 9.6 40.0 12.73 9.6 40.0 – – –

Carpet installers ................................................. 24.12 4.9 39.0 24.86 4.1 38.9 – – –

Carpenters ......................................................... 17.04 2.1 39.6 16.98 2.2 39.6 17.35 5.7 39.4

 3 ................................................................... 10.49 7.8 40.0 10.49 7.8 40.0 – – –

 4 ................................................................... 12.71 9.0 38.9 13.01 9.7 38.8 – – –

 5 ................................................................... 13.89 2.2 39.2 14.10 2.2 39.4 11.99 5.2 37.7

 6 ................................................................... 15.11 3.7 39.1 15.29 3.9 39.0 – – –

 7 ................................................................... 19.28 2.0 39.9 19.47 2.2 39.9 18.48 5.4 40.0

 8 ................................................................... 20.35 4.2 39.5 19.55 2.9 40.0 – – –

Carpenter apprentices ....................................... 12.47 3.6 40.0 12.47 3.6 40.0 – – –

 4 ................................................................... 12.55 7.0 40.0 12.55 7.0 40.0 – – –

 5 ................................................................... 12.68 6.6 40.0 12.68 6.6 40.0 – – –

Drywall installers ................................................ 15.46 2.3 39.8 15.46 2.3 39.8 – – –

 5 ................................................................... 13.72 2.9 40.0 13.72 2.9 40.0 – – –

See footnotes at end of table.

65
Table 2-4. Selected occupations1 and levels:2 Mean hourly earnings3 and weekly hours, private industry and State and local

government, National Compensation Survey,4 1998–Continued

Occupation and level

Total Private industry State and local

 government

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

Mean hours

Relative

error5

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error5

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error5

(percent)

Blue collar –Continued

Precision production, craft, and repair –Continued

Drywall installers –Continued

 6 ................................................................... $17.32 4.7 39.2 $17.32 4.7 39.2 – – –

 7 ................................................................... 16.85 6.1 39.7 16.85 6.1 39.7 – – –

Electricians ........................................................ 18.91 1.9 39.9 19.18 2.1 39.9 $17.60 3.7 39.9

 4 ................................................................... 11.57 6.0 40.0 11.57 7.0 40.0 – – –

 5 ................................................................... 13.87 3.9 39.9 13.89 4.8 40.0 13.80 4.6 39.4

 6 ................................................................... 16.32 3.3 40.0 16.32 3.4 40.0 16.36 9.7 40.0

 7 ................................................................... 19.67 2.1 39.9 20.19 2.4 39.9 17.77 5.7 39.9

 8 ................................................................... 22.33 3.7 39.9 22.56 3.5 39.9 21.30 11.5 39.7

 9 ................................................................... 25.18 2.8 39.9 25.39 2.7 40.0 – – –

Electrician apprentices ....................................... 13.27 6.3 40.0 12.83 6.9 40.0 17.81 4.7 40.0

 2 ................................................................... 10.26 6.8 40.0 10.26 6.8 40.0 – – –

 3 ................................................................... 9.05 7.4 39.9 9.05 7.4 39.9 – – –

 4 ................................................................... 13.21 5.4 40.0 12.93 5.5 40.0 – – –

 5 ................................................................... 16.76 5.8 40.0 16.48 7.5 40.0 – – –

Electrical power installers and repairers ............ 21.47 2.7 40.0 21.78 3.2 40.0 19.92 2.8 40.0

 4 ................................................................... 11.63 5.6 40.0 – – – – – –

 5 ................................................................... 19.17 6.7 40.0 20.92 7.4 40.0 13.65 3.9 40.0

 6 ................................................................... 18.35 1.9 40.0 18.60 2.6 40.0 – – –

 7 ................................................................... 23.14 1.7 40.0 23.21 2.0 40.0 22.83 2.6 40.0

 8 ................................................................... 22.96 2.6 40.0 23.73 2.6 40.0 – – –

 9 ................................................................... 25.92 3.4 40.0 25.92 3.4 40.0 – – –

Painters, construction and maintenance ............ 15.60 5.7 39.4 15.32 7.4 39.4 16.50 5.7 39.4

 2 ................................................................... 8.64 3.9 40.0 8.64 3.9 40.0 – – –

 3 ................................................................... 10.58 7.0 39.9 10.40 7.6 39.8 – – –

 4 ................................................................... 12.18 7.4 39.6 12.34 8.4 39.6 – – –

 5 ................................................................... 12.90 3.9 39.3 12.62 4.5 39.5 13.45 7.4 39.0

 6 ................................................................... 22.22 6.2 38.0 22.22 6.6 37.9 – – –

 7 ................................................................... 20.35 4.0 39.6 21.61 5.3 39.7 18.81 3.5 39.5

Plasterers ........................................................... 18.61 16.4 40.0 – – – – – –

Plumbers, pipefitters and steamfitters ............... 20.08 2.0 39.9 20.73 1.9 40.0 16.98 4.7 39.7

 4 ................................................................... 12.06 3.2 40.0 – – – – – –

 5 ................................................................... 16.84 6.3 39.8 17.36 8.5 40.0 15.73 6.0 39.4

 6 ................................................................... 17.37 4.0 39.7 16.60 3.2 40.0 19.76 8.6 38.9

 7 ................................................................... 20.97 2.0 40.0 21.50 1.9 40.0 17.72 4.9 39.9

 8 ................................................................... 22.58 3.5 39.9 22.73 3.4 39.9 – – –

 9 ................................................................... 26.49 7.4 38.9 26.49 7.4 38.9 – – –

Plumber, pipefitter, and steamfitter apprentices 14.33 4.4 39.9 14.13 5.0 39.9 15.80 4.7 40.0

 3 ................................................................... 11.57 5.4 40.0 11.57 5.4 40.0 – – –

 4 ................................................................... 11.60 9.4 40.0 11.60 9.7 40.0 – – –

 5 ................................................................... 14.18 4.0 40.0 13.60 4.0 40.0 – – –

Concrete and terrazzo finishers ......................... 14.23 8.3 39.7 14.12 8.9 39.7 15.55 10.5 40.0

 5 ................................................................... 12.85 6.9 40.4 12.85 6.9 40.4 – – –

 6 ................................................................... 12.98 7.4 40.0 – – – – – –

 7 ................................................................... 20.08 5.3 38.3 20.59 5.7 38.0 – – –

Glaziers .............................................................. 17.30 6.6 38.9 14.29 6.4 38.0 – – –

Insulation workers .............................................. 11.88 6.0 35.2 11.85 6.0 35.1 – – –

 5 ................................................................... 15.02 3.9 40.0 15.10 4.4 40.0 – – –

Paving, surfacing, and tamping equipment

operators .......................................................... 11.48 12.0 40.0 – – – 12.87 1.7 40.0

 5 ................................................................... 12.51 9.5 40.1 – – – – – –

Roofers .............................................................. 13.64 6.2 34.5 13.56 6.4 34.4 – – –

 5 ................................................................... 9.59 5.7 40.0 9.59 5.7 40.0 – – –

 6 ................................................................... 13.54 9.7 39.9 – – – – – –

Sheetmetal duct installers .................................. 19.43 8.1 38.8 19.43 8.1 38.8 – – –

 6 ................................................................... 21.47 12.5 40.0 21.47 12.5 40.0 – – –

 7 ................................................................... 19.47 8.4 36.7 19.47 8.4 36.7 – – –

Structural metal workers .................................... 16.57 4.6 39.6 16.18 4.6 39.6 – – –

 4 ................................................................... 14.44 12.6 38.0 14.44 12.6 38.0 – – –

 5 ................................................................... 14.63 3.0 38.0 14.63 3.0 38.0 – – –

See footnotes at end of table.

66
Table 2-4. Selected occupations1 and levels:2 Mean hourly earnings3 and weekly hours, private industry and State and local

government, National Compensation Survey,4 1998–Continued

Occupation and level

Total Private industry State and local

 government

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

Mean hours

Relative

error5

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error5

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error5

(percent)

Blue collar –Continued

Precision production, craft, and repair –Continued

Structural metal workers –Continued

 6 ................................................................... $13.56 4.3 39.8 $13.56 4.3 39.8 – – –

 7 ................................................................... 19.11 5.6 40.3 18.75 6.5 40.3 – – –

Drillers, earth ..................................................... 11.49 10.6 40.0 11.49 10.6 40.0 – – –

Construction trades, n.e.c. ................................. 14.76 2.8 39.3 16.43 3.3 38.9 $13.00 3.9 39.7

 2 ................................................................... 9.43 11.3 40.0 10.76 20.2 40.0 8.73 7.0 40.0

 3 ................................................................... 10.43 5.3 40.0 9.79 10.6 40.0 10.97 3.6 39.9

 4 ................................................................... 12.44 3.8 39.3 13.14 7.1 39.9 12.02 3.6 39.0

 5 ................................................................... 13.67 4.8 38.4 13.21 6.6 35.7 13.89 6.4 39.8

 6 ................................................................... 15.36 2.6 39.7 15.37 3.5 39.8 15.34 4.1 39.5

 7 ................................................................... 20.39 2.9 39.6 21.29 3.4 39.5 15.99 2.5 39.9

 8 ................................................................... 19.53 16.6 40.0 – – – – – –

Supervisors, extractive ...................................... 22.05 14.5 41.2 22.05 14.5 41.2 – – –

Drillers, oil well ................................................... 17.37 2.6 41.3 17.37 2.6 41.3 – – –

 7 ................................................................... 23.43 7.7 40.5 23.43 7.7 40.5 – – –

Explosives workers ............................................ 15.91 16.0 39.6 15.91 16.0 39.6 – – –

Mining machine operators ................................. 18.63 6.4 40.0 18.63 6.4 40.0 – – –

 5 ................................................................... 19.39 10.6 40.0 19.39 10.6 40.0 – – –

 6 ................................................................... 18.19 7.2 40.0 18.19 7.2 40.0 – – –

Mining, n.e.c. ..................................................... 19.72 3.6 40.1 19.72 3.6 40.1 – – –

Supervisors, production ..................................... 19.00 2.6 40.7 19.02 2.6 40.7 17.99 10.3 40.0

 5 ................................................................... 13.14 2.2 40.5 13.15 2.2 40.5 – – –

 6 ................................................................... 16.37 11.2 40.0 16.67 11.6 40.0 – – –

 7 ................................................................... 18.17 1.6 40.9 18.24 1.6 40.9 – – –

 8 ................................................................... 22.10 1.7 40.6 22.10 1.7 40.6 – – –

 9 ................................................................... 23.55 4.0 41.0 23.46 4.1 41.0 26.02 6.3 39.9

10 ................................................................... 27.44 4.7 41.3 27.52 4.8 41.4 – – –

11 ................................................................... 33.11 6.5 40.1 33.11 6.5 40.1 – – –

Not able to be leveled .................................... 20.25 11.1 39.6 20.25 11.1 39.6 – – –

Tool and die makers .......................................... 19.72 1.8 40.0 19.74 1.8 40.0 – – –

 5 ................................................................... 14.18 7.3 40.0 14.18 7.3 40.0 – – –

 6 ................................................................... 17.99 3.9 40.0 17.99 3.9 40.0 – – –

 7 ................................................................... 20.37 1.4 40.0 20.40 1.4 40.0 – – –

 8 ................................................................... 21.07 5.9 40.0 21.07 5.9 40.0 – – –

 9 ................................................................... 20.02 2.5 40.0 20.02 2.5 40.0 – – –

Tool and die maker apprentices ........................ 14.33 4.9 40.0 14.33 4.9 40.0 – – –

 5 ................................................................... 13.42 8.2 40.0 13.42 8.2 40.0 – – –

Precision assemblers, metal .............................. 16.19 3.0 40.0 16.19 3.0 40.0 – – –

 4 ................................................................... 16.93 5.7 40.0 16.93 5.7 40.0 – – –

 5 ................................................................... 14.06 6.4 40.0 14.06 6.4 40.0 – – –

 6 ................................................................... 15.14 4.2 40.0 15.14 4.2 40.0 – – –

 7 ................................................................... 18.47 2.9 40.0 18.47 2.9 40.0 – – –

Machinists .......................................................... 17.12 1.1 40.0 17.02 1.1 40.0 20.08 7.1 40.0

 4 ................................................................... 12.13 4.0 40.5 12.13 4.0 40.5 – – –

 5 ................................................................... 14.46 2.2 40.0 14.46 2.2 40.0 – – –

 6 ................................................................... 17.13 2.4 39.9 17.12 2.5 39.9 – – –

 7 ................................................................... 17.79 1.4 40.0 17.72 1.4 40.0 – – –

 8 ................................................................... 19.77 2.6 39.9 19.51 2.5 39.9 – – –

 9 ................................................................... 19.31 5.4 40.0 19.31 5.4 40.0 – – –

Machinist apprentices ........................................ 12.63 4.9 40.0 12.63 4.9 40.0 – – –

 5 ................................................................... 14.68 5.8 40.0 14.68 5.8 40.0 – – –

Boilermakers ...................................................... 18.28 5.2 39.9 18.41 5.3 40.0 – – –

 5 ................................................................... 14.25 9.8 39.8 – – – – – –

 7 ................................................................... 21.10 3.4 40.0 21.10 3.4 40.0 – – –

Precision grinders, filers, and tool sharpeners ... 14.90 4.7 40.1 14.90 4.7 40.1 – – –

 4 ................................................................... 12.64 6.2 40.9 12.64 6.2 40.9 – – –

 5 ................................................................... 15.63 6.8 40.0 15.63 6.8 40.0 – – –

 6 ................................................................... 16.31 1.7 40.0 16.31 1.7 40.0 – – –

 7 ................................................................... 19.90 3.9 40.0 19.90 3.9 40.0 – – –

Patternmakers and modelmakers, metal ........... 18.21 5.7 40.0 18.21 5.7 40.0 – – –

See footnotes at end of table.

67
Table 2-4. Selected occupations1 and levels:2 Mean hourly earnings3 and weekly hours, private industry and State and local

government, National Compensation Survey,4 1998–Continued

Occupation and level

Total Private industry State and local

 government

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

Mean hours

Relative

error5

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error5

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error5

(percent)

Blue collar –Continued

Precision production, craft, and repair –Continued

Patternmakers and modelmakers, metal

–Continued

 7 ................................................................... $16.82 2.5 40.0 $16.82 2.5 40.0 – – –

Layout workers .................................................. 14.87 4.9 40.0 14.87 4.9 40.0 – – –

 7 ................................................................... 16.11 4.0 40.0 16.11 4.0 40.0 – – –

Precious stones and metals workers ................. 8.98 8.8 39.3 8.98 8.8 39.3 – – –

 2 ................................................................... 7.87 3.4 40.0 7.87 3.4 40.0 – – –

Engravers, metal ................................................ 15.41 22.7 39.2 15.41 22.7 39.2 – – –

Sheet metal workers .......................................... 16.76 5.1 40.0 16.76 5.1 40.0 – – –

 4 ................................................................... 11.59 2.1 40.0 11.59 2.1 40.0 – – –

 5 ................................................................... 14.38 6.6 40.0 14.38 6.6 40.0 – – –

 6 ................................................................... 16.17 11.9 39.9 16.17 11.9 39.9 – – –

 7 ................................................................... 21.56 4.7 40.0 21.56 4.7 40.0 – – –

Sheet metal worker apprentices ........................ 13.39 7.0 37.1 13.39 7.0 37.1 – – –

Cabinet makers and bench carpenters .............. 11.20 4.7 39.7 10.87 5.2 39.6 – – –

 3 ................................................................... 10.69 6.5 40.0 10.69 6.5 40.0 – – –

 4 ................................................................... 9.84 5.8 39.9 9.98 7.2 39.9 – – –

 5 ................................................................... 10.12 4.4 40.0 10.12 4.4 40.0 – – –

Furniture and wood finishers ............................. 11.68 2.5 40.0 11.68 2.5 40.0 – – –

 5 ................................................................... 11.45 3.2 39.8 11.45 3.2 39.8 – – –

Tailors ................................................................ 11.86 3.4 39.5 11.86 3.4 39.5 – – –

 5 ................................................................... 12.58 3.5 39.1 12.58 3.5 39.1 – – –

Upholsterers ...................................................... 12.57 9.3 39.6 12.57 9.3 39.6 – – –

 5 ................................................................... 13.98 2.4 38.6 13.98 2.4 38.6 – – –

 6 ................................................................... 16.33 5.4 40.0 16.33 5.4 40.0 – – –

Hand molders and shapers, except jewelers ..... 16.34 3.1 40.2 16.34 3.1 40.2 – – –

 7 ................................................................... 17.89 4.3 40.7 17.89 4.3 40.7 – – –

Patternmakers, layout workers, and cutters ...... 19.77 7.8 39.9 19.81 7.8 39.9 – – –

 5 ................................................................... 16.28 4.1 40.0 16.28 4.1 40.0 – – –

 7 ................................................................... 19.90 7.2 40.0 19.90 7.2 40.0 – – –

Optical goods workers ....................................... 11.00 12.8 39.7 11.00 12.8 39.7 – – –

Dental laboratory and medical appliance

technicians ....................................................... 14.47 10.8 39.5 15.59 12.6 39.1 – – –

Bookbinders ....................................................... 13.57 6.1 39.4 13.57 6.1 39.4 – – –

Electrical and electronic equipment assemblers 9.78 3.0 39.8 9.78 3.0 39.8 – – –

 2 ................................................................... 7.71 5.0 39.7 7.71 5.0 39.7 – – –

 3 ................................................................... 9.23 2.5 40.0 9.23 2.5 40.0 – – –

 4 ................................................................... 11.28 2.5 40.0 11.28 2.5 40.0 – – –

 5 ................................................................... 11.84 2.1 40.0 11.84 2.1 40.0 – – –

 6 ................................................................... 13.32 3.4 39.9 13.32 3.4 39.9 – – –

 7 ................................................................... 16.61 5.0 39.8 16.61 5.0 39.8 – – –

Miscellaneous precision workers, n.e.c. ............ 15.51 5.4 39.8 15.50 5.4 39.8 – – –

 4 ................................................................... 12.52 8.6 39.8 12.52 8.6 39.8 – – –

 5 ................................................................... 13.18 4.1 39.8 13.18 4.1 39.8 – – –

 6 ................................................................... 16.13 6.4 40.1 16.13 6.4 40.1 – – –

 7 ................................................................... 19.14 4.2 40.0 19.13 4.3 40.0 – – –

 9 ................................................................... 26.73 11.6 40.0 26.73 11.6 40.0 – – –

Precision food production .................................. 10.90 7.3 40.0 10.90 7.3 40.0 – – –

Butchers and meat cutters ................................. 10.20 3.5 38.5 10.20 3.5 38.5 – – –

 1 ................................................................... 7.27 2.6 38.4 7.27 2.6 38.4 – – –

 2 ................................................................... 8.15 6.1 35.9 8.15 6.1 35.9 – – –

 4 ................................................................... 11.16 3.8 38.7 11.16 3.8 38.7 – – –

 5 ................................................................... 12.68 2.9 39.2 12.68 2.9 39.2 – – –

 6 ................................................................... 14.50 4.9 39.8 14.50 4.9 39.8 – – –

 7 ................................................................... 16.56 2.2 38.6 16.56 2.2 38.6 – – –

Bakers ................................................................ 9.82 4.9 36.7 9.52 3.4 36.3 – – –

 2 ................................................................... 7.78 3.2 34.4 7.40 1.5 32.3 – – –

 3 ................................................................... 8.22 3.8 36.3 8.22 3.8 36.3 – – –

 4 ................................................................... 10.12 5.8 37.6 10.12 5.8 37.6 – – –

 5 ................................................................... 11.00 7.9 39.1 11.00 7.9 39.1 – – –

See footnotes at end of table.

68
Table 2-4. Selected occupations1 and levels:2 Mean hourly earnings3 and weekly hours, private industry and State and local

government, National Compensation Survey,4 1998–Continued

Occupation and level

Total Private industry State and local

 government

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

Mean hours

Relative

error5

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error5

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error5

(percent)

Blue collar –Continued

Precision production, craft, and repair –Continued

Bakers –Continued

 7 ................................................................... $13.29 2.8 36.8 $13.29 2.8 36.8 – – –

Food batchmakers ............................................. 10.48 5.2 38.7 10.48 5.2 38.7 – – –

 2 ................................................................... 9.01 12.3 38.2 9.01 12.3 38.2 – – –

 3 ................................................................... 10.64 5.8 39.8 10.64 5.8 39.8 – – –

 4 ................................................................... 11.95 4.9 38.5 11.95 4.9 38.5 – – –

 5 ................................................................... 14.18 6.0 36.9 14.18 6.0 36.9 – – –

Inspectors, testers, and graders ........................ 16.37 2.2 40.2 16.24 2.3 40.2 $18.23 4.5 39.6

 2 ................................................................... 9.14 7.3 40.0 9.14 7.3 40.0 – – –

 3 ................................................................... 9.82 2.4 40.0 9.71 2.6 40.0 – – –

 4 ................................................................... 14.68 6.6 40.0 14.68 6.6 40.0 – – –

 5 ................................................................... 13.78 2.9 40.5 13.63 2.9 40.6 – – –

 6 ................................................................... 16.06 2.7 40.2 15.96 2.9 40.2 – – –

 7 ................................................................... 18.64 2.2 40.4 18.52 2.3 40.5 19.65 4.4 40.0

 8 ................................................................... 21.53 8.3 40.1 22.67 8.0 40.1 – – –

 9 ................................................................... 22.61 5.6 40.0 23.02 5.8 40.0 – – –

Precision inspectors, testers, and related

workers, n.e.c. ................................................. 19.04 6.6 40.0 19.04 6.6 40.0 – – –

 6 ................................................................... 18.77 6.3 40.0 18.77 6.3 40.0 – – –

 7 ................................................................... 17.96 10.8 40.0 17.96 10.8 40.0 – – –

Adjusters and calibrators ................................... 13.36 14.1 39.6 13.36 14.1 39.6 – – –

Water and sewer treatment plant operators ...... 15.53 2.8 39.4 14.85 6.1 37.1 15.68 3.1 39.9

 3 ................................................................... 11.56 11.5 38.5 – – – 10.92 14.1 38.1

 4 ................................................................... 14.40 8.4 40.0 – – – 14.52 9.6 40.0

 5 ................................................................... 14.23 3.8 40.0 14.15 8.6 40.0 14.24 4.1 40.0

 6 ................................................................... 15.25 6.7 40.0 – – – 15.20 8.7 40.0

 7 ................................................................... 17.20 2.4 40.0 17.37 3.4 40.0 17.18 2.8 40.0

 9 ................................................................... 20.63 10.5 40.0 – – – – – –

Power plant operators ........................................ 22.02 1.9 39.7 22.16 2.1 39.6 21.40 4.5 39.8

 5 ................................................................... 17.60 5.0 40.0 17.72 5.1 40.0 – – –

 6 ................................................................... 19.09 5.4 40.0 – – – – – –

 7 ................................................................... 22.21 1.4 39.7 22.50 1.1 39.7 20.24 7.2 40.0

 8 ................................................................... 25.84 3.0 39.9 26.02 4.0 39.7 – – –

 9 ................................................................... 23.11 3.7 40.0 23.11 3.7 40.0 – – –

Stationary engineers .......................................... 19.02 3.1 39.5 19.09 3.5 39.5 18.89 6.6 39.7

 4 ................................................................... 13.66 7.5 39.6 – – – – – –

 5 ................................................................... 14.53 5.6 39.7 15.15 5.0 39.5 13.64 11.2 40.0

 6 ................................................................... 16.53 4.0 39.9 16.92 5.2 39.9 15.57 2.8 40.0

 7 ................................................................... 21.47 3.0 39.5 21.17 2.9 39.5 22.21 7.3 39.5

 9 ................................................................... 20.16 8.3 38.1 24.85 9.0 34.5 – – –

Miscellaneous plant and system operators,

n.e.c. ................................................................ 21.34 2.2 40.1 21.44 2.2 40.1 14.38 5.2 40.0

 3 ................................................................... 18.57 12.3 40.0 – – – – – –

 4 ................................................................... 20.61 7.5 39.9 20.61 7.5 39.9 – – –

 5 ................................................................... 19.02 2.3 39.6 19.14 2.3 39.6 – – –

 6 ................................................................... 21.03 2.3 40.2 21.18 2.3 40.2 – – –

 7 ................................................................... 22.97 2.2 40.1 23.06 2.2 40.1 – – –

 8 ................................................................... 23.13 2.4 41.3 23.13 2.4 41.3 – – –

Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors ..... 11.59 .9 39.6 11.58 .9 39.6 13.50 6.6 38.3

 1 ................................................................... 7.64 1.6 38.3 7.63 1.6 38.3 8.37 8.6 37.5

 2 ................................................................... 8.83 1.2 39.5 8.83 1.2 39.5 9.03 6.7 37.5

 3 ................................................................... 11.83 2.3 39.8 11.83 2.3 39.8 9.72 5.4 37.5

 4 ................................................................... 12.57 1.1 39.9 12.57 1.1 39.9 11.79 6.0 37.6

 5 ................................................................... 13.54 .9 39.9 13.53 .9 39.9 14.14 3.4 39.5

 6 ................................................................... 14.90 1.6 39.8 14.91 1.7 39.8 13.75 6.3 39.9

 7 ................................................................... 17.49 1.2 39.8 17.39 1.3 39.8 19.86 4.6 39.3

 8 ................................................................... 19.37 2.3 39.8 19.37 2.3 39.8 – – –

 9 ................................................................... 22.38 2.0 39.2 22.38 2.0 39.2 – – –

Not able to be leveled .................................... 13.25 8.6 36.9 13.28 8.7 37.3 – – –

See footnotes at end of table.

69
Table 2-4. Selected occupations1 and levels:2 Mean hourly earnings3 and weekly hours, private industry and State and local

government, National Compensation Survey,4 1998–Continued

Occupation and level

Total Private industry State and local

 government

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

Mean hours

Relative

error5

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error5

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error5

(percent)

Blue collar –Continued

Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors

–Continued

Lathe and turning machine set-up operators ..... $14.03 2.6 40.0 $14.03 2.6 40.0 – – –

 5 ................................................................... 13.91 1.9 40.0 13.91 1.9 40.0 – – –

 6 ................................................................... 14.51 1.1 40.0 14.51 1.1 40.0 – – –

 7 ................................................................... 16.17 6.7 39.7 16.17 6.7 39.7 – – –

Lathe and turning machine operators ................ 12.83 6.3 39.9 12.83 6.3 39.9 – – –

 2 ................................................................... 9.41 5.1 40.0 9.41 5.1 40.0 – – –

 3 ................................................................... 12.46 8.2 39.5 12.46 8.2 39.5 – – –

 4 ................................................................... 11.77 10.9 39.9 11.77 10.9 39.9 – – –

 5 ................................................................... 13.64 5.2 39.8 13.64 5.2 39.8 – – –

 6 ................................................................... 16.33 3.6 40.0 16.33 3.6 40.0 – – –

 7 ................................................................... 18.71 4.7 40.0 18.71 4.7 40.0 – – –

Milling and planing machine operators .............. 13.38 6.9 40.0 13.38 6.9 40.0 – – –

 5 ................................................................... 13.12 4.8 40.0 13.12 4.8 40.0 – – –

 7 ................................................................... 18.65 3.1 40.0 18.65 3.1 40.0 – – –

Punching and stamping press operators ........... 12.08 3.0 39.8 12.08 3.0 39.8 – – –

 1 ................................................................... 8.54 7.0 39.0 8.54 7.0 39.0 – – –

 2 ................................................................... 9.14 2.6 39.4 9.14 2.6 39.4 – – –

 3 ................................................................... 13.73 5.6 40.0 13.73 5.6 40.0 – – –

 4 ................................................................... 13.62 4.0 40.0 13.62 4.0 40.0 – – –

 5 ................................................................... 12.38 2.0 40.0 12.38 2.0 40.0 – – –

 6 ................................................................... 15.04 3.7 39.7 15.04 3.7 39.7 – – –

 7 ................................................................... 12.63 3.6 39.9 12.63 3.6 39.9 – – –

Rolling machine operators ................................. 13.46 6.1 40.3 13.46 6.1 40.3 – – –

 3 ................................................................... 10.17 2.9 40.0 10.17 2.9 40.0 – – –

 4 ................................................................... 12.40 5.3 40.0 12.40 5.3 40.0 – – –

 5 ................................................................... 15.06 2.2 40.9 15.06 2.2 40.9 – – –

 6 ................................................................... 17.49 3.6 40.0 17.49 3.6 40.0 – – –

Drilling and boring machine operators ............... 11.39 12.2 40.0 11.38 12.2 40.0 – – –

 3 ................................................................... 10.65 5.9 40.0 10.65 5.9 40.0 – – –

 4 ................................................................... 14.46 6.1 39.9 14.46 6.1 39.9 – – –

 5 ................................................................... 14.00 5.5 40.0 14.00 5.5 40.0 – – –

 6 ................................................................... 14.73 2.2 40.0 14.73 2.2 40.0 – – –

 7 ................................................................... 17.30 7.8 40.0 17.33 8.0 40.0 – – –

Grinding, abrading, buffing, and polishing

machine operators ........................................... 11.58 2.9 39.9 11.58 2.9 39.9 – – –

 1 ................................................................... 8.28 2.8 39.9 8.28 2.8 39.9 – – –

 2 ................................................................... 8.78 4.7 39.4 8.78 4.7 39.4 – – –

 3 ................................................................... 12.02 7.2 39.9 12.02 7.2 39.9 – – –

 4 ................................................................... 12.29 3.2 40.0 12.29 3.2 40.0 – – –

 5 ................................................................... 12.48 3.3 40.0 12.48 3.3 40.0 – – –

 6 ................................................................... 16.13 6.7 40.0 16.13 6.7 40.0 – – –

 7 ................................................................... 14.70 10.3 40.0 14.70 10.3 40.0 – – –

Forging machine operators ................................ 12.86 4.5 39.9 12.86 4.5 39.9 – – –

 4 ................................................................... 11.74 4.3 39.5 11.74 4.3 39.5 – – –

 5 ................................................................... 12.30 4.4 40.0 12.30 4.4 40.0 – – –

 6 ................................................................... 14.54 3.5 40.0 14.54 3.5 40.0 – – –

Numerical control machine operators ................ 13.57 2.1 40.0 13.56 2.1 40.0 – – –

 2 ................................................................... 9.69 2.8 40.0 9.69 2.8 40.0 – – –

 3 ................................................................... 10.35 4.7 40.0 10.35 4.7 40.0 – – –

 4 ................................................................... 14.33 3.3 40.0 14.33 3.3 40.0 – – –

 5 ................................................................... 13.06 1.9 40.0 13.03 1.9 40.0 – – –

 6 ................................................................... 14.09 3.3 40.0 14.09 3.3 40.0 – – –

 7 ................................................................... 17.28 3.9 40.0 17.28 3.9 40.0 – – –

Fabricating machine operators, n.e.c. ............... 13.29 2.3 40.0 13.29 2.3 40.0 – – –

 1 ................................................................... 7.48 2.6 40.0 7.48 2.6 40.0 – – –

 2 ................................................................... 8.59 4.1 40.1 8.59 4.1 40.1 – – –

 3 ................................................................... 13.84 6.3 40.0 13.84 6.3 40.0 – – –

 4 ................................................................... 13.97 3.8 40.1 13.97 3.8 40.1 – – –

 5 ................................................................... 12.78 4.3 40.1 12.78 4.3 40.1 – – –

See footnotes at end of table.

70
Table 2-4. Selected occupations1 and levels:2 Mean hourly earnings3 and weekly hours, private industry and State and local

government, National Compensation Survey,4 1998–Continued

Occupation and level

Total Private industry State and local

 government

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

Mean hours

Relative

error5

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error5

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error5

(percent)

Blue collar –Continued

Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors

–Continued

Fabricating machine operators, n.e.c.

–Continued

 6 ................................................................... $15.57 3.5 40.1 $15.57 3.5 40.1 – – –

 7 ................................................................... 14.71 10.8 40.0 14.71 10.8 40.0 – – –

Molding and casting machine operators ............ 10.36 2.9 39.8 10.36 2.9 39.8 – – –

 1 ................................................................... 7.78 7.6 39.8 7.78 7.6 39.8 – – –

 2 ................................................................... 8.55 4.3 39.6 8.55 4.3 39.6 – – –

 3 ................................................................... 9.95 3.4 40.0 9.95 3.4 40.0 – – –

 4 ................................................................... 11.53 4.2 39.9 11.53 4.2 39.9 – – –

 5 ................................................................... 13.44 5.2 40.3 13.44 5.2 40.3 – – –

 6 ................................................................... 14.08 1.7 39.8 14.08 1.7 39.8 – – –

 7 ................................................................... 14.51 3.2 39.7 14.51 3.2 39.7 – – –

Metal plating machine operators ........................ 11.98 3.3 40.0 11.98 3.3 40.0 – – –

 2 ................................................................... 9.18 5.8 40.0 9.18 5.8 40.0 – – –

 3 ................................................................... 9.26 7.7 38.6 9.26 7.7 38.6 – – –

 4 ................................................................... 12.79 4.5 40.7 12.79 4.5 40.7 – – –

 5 ................................................................... 12.54 3.7 40.3 12.54 3.7 40.3 – – –

 7 ................................................................... 17.05 5.3 40.0 17.05 5.3 40.0 – – –

Heat treating equipment operators .................... 13.78 2.4 40.0 13.78 2.4 40.0 – – –

 2 ................................................................... 10.84 16.2 40.0 10.84 16.2 40.0 – – –

 3 ................................................................... 13.67 13.1 40.0 13.67 13.1 40.0 – – –

 5 ................................................................... 16.20 4.2 40.0 16.20 4.2 40.0 – – –

Wood lathe, routing, and planing machine

operators .......................................................... 10.60 11.3 37.1 10.60 11.3 37.1 – – –

 3 ................................................................... 10.12 1.1 40.0 10.12 1.1 40.0 – – –

 4 ................................................................... 14.81 16.6 37.7 14.81 16.6 37.7 – – –

Sawing machine operators ................................ 9.14 5.2 39.7 9.14 5.2 39.7 – – –

 1 ................................................................... 9.12 8.2 37.2 9.12 8.2 37.2 – – –

 3 ................................................................... 8.52 4.3 40.0 8.52 4.3 40.0 – – –

 4 ................................................................... 8.49 20.1 40.0 8.49 20.1 40.0 – – –

Shaping and jointing machine operators ........... 9.73 6.8 39.9 9.73 6.8 39.9 – – –

 4 ................................................................... 10.18 9.5 40.0 10.18 9.5 40.0 – – –

Nailing and tacking machine operators .............. 9.91 2.3 40.0 9.91 2.3 40.0 – – –

Printing press operators ..................................... 14.64 3.2 39.2 14.74 3.4 39.3 $11.94 4.3 37.9

 1 ................................................................... 8.25 9.2 33.9 8.25 9.2 33.9 – – –

 2 ................................................................... 8.61 4.0 38.5 8.54 3.7 38.4 – – –

 3 ................................................................... 10.92 2.6 39.6 10.97 2.9 39.6 – – –

 4 ................................................................... 12.54 6.4 39.6 12.59 6.9 39.8 11.84 3.7 37.0

 5 ................................................................... 13.27 6.1 39.7 13.27 6.3 39.8 – – –

 6 ................................................................... 16.81 7.0 38.9 16.79 7.1 38.9 – – –

 7 ................................................................... 18.86 2.3 39.3 18.93 2.3 39.3 – – –

 8 ................................................................... 19.20 8.5 38.6 19.20 8.5 38.6 – – –

 9 ................................................................... 22.73 4.8 37.2 22.73 4.8 37.2 – – –

Photoengravers and lithographers ..................... 15.22 3.0 38.6 15.22 3.0 38.6 – – –

 2 ................................................................... 8.19 5.0 35.7 8.19 5.0 35.7 – – –

 3 ................................................................... 10.40 4.9 38.5 10.40 4.9 38.5 – – –

 4 ................................................................... 14.30 10.2 38.0 14.30 10.2 38.0 – – –

 5 ................................................................... 13.91 3.0 39.4 13.91 3.0 39.4 – – –

 6 ................................................................... 16.05 3.4 38.9 16.05 3.4 38.9 – – –

 7 ................................................................... 18.04 3.4 38.8 18.04 3.4 38.8 – – –

Typesetters and compositors ............................. 13.22 4.7 37.7 12.92 4.3 37.8 – – –

 2 ................................................................... 8.85 5.0 31.8 8.85 5.0 31.8 – – –

 4 ................................................................... 12.70 11.1 37.9 12.70 11.1 37.9 – – –

 5 ................................................................... 12.61 6.4 37.6 12.59 6.6 37.6 – – –

 7 ................................................................... 16.36 6.0 37.7 15.38 4.6 38.0 – – –

Winding and twisting machine operators ........... 11.01 7.3 39.9 11.01 7.3 39.9 – – –

 1 ................................................................... 8.44 4.0 39.7 8.44 4.0 39.7 – – –

 2 ................................................................... 9.04 5.0 39.8 9.04 5.0 39.8 – – –

 3 ................................................................... 10.52 1.8 39.8 10.52 1.8 39.8 – – –

See footnotes at end of table.

71
Table 2-4. Selected occupations1 and levels:2 Mean hourly earnings3 and weekly hours, private industry and State and local

government, National Compensation Survey,4 1998–Continued

Occupation and level

Total Private industry State and local

 government

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

Mean hours

Relative

error5

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error5

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error5

(percent)

Blue collar –Continued

Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors

–Continued

Winding and twisting machine operators

–Continued

 5 ................................................................... $11.64 4.2 39.4 $11.64 4.2 39.4 – – –

Knitting, looping, taping, and weaving machine

operators .......................................................... 10.10 1.9 40.0 10.10 1.9 40.0 – – –

 1 ................................................................... 9.05 10.8 41.0 9.05 10.8 41.0 – – –

 3 ................................................................... 10.32 2.2 39.9 10.32 2.2 39.9 – – –

 4 ................................................................... 10.65 3.0 40.0 10.65 3.0 40.0 – – –

 5 ................................................................... 12.52 5.1 40.0 12.52 5.1 40.0 – – –

Textile cutting machine operators ...................... 8.94 5.4 40.0 8.94 5.4 40.0 – – –

 1 ................................................................... 7.76 4.3 40.0 7.76 4.3 40.0 – – –

 2 ................................................................... 8.89 7.3 40.0 8.89 7.3 40.0 – – –

 3 ................................................................... 8.00 5.8 40.0 8.00 5.8 40.0 – – –

 4 ................................................................... 11.20 7.3 39.7 11.20 7.3 39.7 – – –

Textile sewing machine operators ..................... 7.98 2.7 39.7 7.98 2.7 39.7 – – –

 1 ................................................................... 7.58 6.1 39.9 7.58 6.1 39.9 – – –

 2 ................................................................... 7.49 3.3 39.5 7.49 3.3 39.5 – – –

 3 ................................................................... 8.38 7.2 39.8 8.38 7.2 39.8 – – –

 4 ................................................................... 10.57 11.5 39.5 10.56 11.6 39.5 – – –

 5 ................................................................... 10.21 11.7 40.0 10.21 11.7 40.0 – – –

Shoe machine operators .................................... 9.11 8.6 39.9 9.11 8.6 39.9 – – –

 2 ................................................................... 9.79 8.2 40.0 9.79 8.2 40.0 – – –

Pressing machine operators .............................. 7.97 6.3 39.2 7.97 6.3 39.2 – – –

 1 ................................................................... 6.57 6.1 39.8 6.57 6.1 39.8 – – –

 3 ................................................................... 8.52 6.4 39.5 8.52 6.4 39.5 – – –

Laundering and dry cleaning machine operators 7.44 1.7 36.5 7.33 1.7 36.4 $8.67 6.2 37.5

 1 ................................................................... 7.19 1.9 36.5 7.05 1.7 36.4 8.37 8.6 37.8

 2 ................................................................... 7.33 4.6 35.8 7.19 4.6 35.8 9.21 9.2 37.0

 3 ................................................................... 8.30 3.7 37.9 8.29 3.9 37.8 – – –

 4 ................................................................... 8.98 9.2 34.2 8.51 8.1 35.1 – – –

Cementing and gluing machine operators ......... 9.58 9.5 40.0 9.58 9.5 40.0 – – –

 3 ................................................................... 9.84 9.2 40.0 9.84 9.2 40.0 – – –

 4 ................................................................... 11.80 3.3 40.0 11.80 3.3 40.0 – – –

Packaging and filling machine operators ........... 10.55 4.3 39.4 10.55 4.3 39.4 – – –

 1 ................................................................... 7.95 5.0 39.4 7.95 5.0 39.4 – – –

 2 ................................................................... 8.96 6.7 39.6 8.96 6.7 39.6 – – –

 3 ................................................................... 10.00 8.8 38.8 10.00 8.8 38.8 – – –

 4 ................................................................... 11.50 9.2 39.7 11.50 9.2 39.7 – – –

 5 ................................................................... 16.33 5.0 40.0 16.33 5.0 40.0 – – –

 6 ................................................................... 16.05 6.6 40.0 16.05 6.6 40.0 – – –

 7 ................................................................... 19.70 3.6 39.6 19.70 3.6 39.6 – – –

Extruding and forming machine operators ......... 11.28 2.7 39.8 11.28 2.7 39.8 – – –

 1 ................................................................... 7.36 1.7 39.4 7.36 1.7 39.4 – – –

 2 ................................................................... 9.40 3.7 39.8 9.40 3.7 39.8 – – –

 3 ................................................................... 12.58 4.6 40.0 12.58 4.6 40.0 – – –

 4 ................................................................... 11.33 2.0 40.0 11.33 2.0 40.0 – – –

 5 ................................................................... 12.14 10.2 39.9 12.14 10.2 39.9 – – –

 6 ................................................................... 13.37 2.4 38.0 13.37 2.4 38.0 – – –

 7 ................................................................... 16.41 2.3 40.0 16.41 2.3 40.0 – – –

Mixing and blending machine operators ............ 13.28 2.8 39.9 13.28 2.8 39.9 – – –

 1 ................................................................... 9.03 10.6 39.1 9.03 10.6 39.1 – – –

 2 ................................................................... 10.25 4.7 40.1 10.25 4.7 40.1 – – –

 3 ................................................................... 12.03 6.6 40.0 12.03 6.6 40.0 – – –

 4 ................................................................... 13.48 6.5 40.0 13.48 6.5 40.0 – – –

 5 ................................................................... 15.55 2.8 39.6 15.55 2.8 39.6 – – –

 6 ................................................................... 16.45 6.5 40.1 16.45 6.5 40.1 – – –

 7 ................................................................... 17.37 6.0 40.2 17.37 6.0 40.2 – – –

Separating, filtering, and clarifying machine

operators .......................................................... 15.83 3.7 39.8 15.83 3.8 39.8 – – –

See footnotes at end of table.

72
Table 2-4. Selected occupations1 and levels:2 Mean hourly earnings3 and weekly hours, private industry and State and local

government, National Compensation Survey,4 1998–Continued

Occupation and level

Total Private industry State and local

 government

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

Mean hours

Relative

error5

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error5

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error5

(percent)

Blue collar –Continued

Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors

–Continued

Separating, filtering, and clarifying machine

operators –Continued

 3 ................................................................... $15.67 4.2 40.0 $15.67 4.2 40.0 – – –

 4 ................................................................... 13.61 8.3 39.5 13.61 8.3 39.5 – – –

 5 ................................................................... 15.39 4.0 40.1 15.39 4.0 40.1 – – –

 6 ................................................................... 17.83 3.9 39.7 17.83 3.9 39.7 – – –

 7 ................................................................... 18.86 3.3 39.7 19.06 3.3 39.7 – – –

 8 ................................................................... 17.06 7.1 40.0 17.06 7.1 40.0 – – –

Compressing and compacting machine

operators .......................................................... 10.40 2.1 39.5 10.41 2.2 39.7 – – –

 1 ................................................................... 8.27 11.1 34.5 8.27 11.1 34.5 – – –

 2 ................................................................... 10.53 3.9 39.9 10.53 3.9 39.9 – – –

 3 ................................................................... 10.75 6.4 39.0 10.86 6.7 40.0 – – –

Painting and paint spraying machine operators 12.11 2.9 40.2 12.10 2.9 40.2 – – –

 2 ................................................................... 10.26 7.4 39.9 10.26 7.4 39.9 – – –

 3 ................................................................... 12.74 3.8 40.0 12.74 3.8 40.0 – – –

 4 ................................................................... 12.30 4.4 40.3 12.30 4.4 40.3 – – –

 5 ................................................................... 13.35 6.1 40.9 13.35 6.1 40.9 – – –

 6 ................................................................... 15.01 2.2 40.0 14.95 2.2 40.0 – – –

 7 ................................................................... 15.82 6.4 40.8 15.82 6.4 40.8 – – –

Roasting and baking machine operators, food .. 11.61 5.5 39.4 11.61 5.5 39.4 – – –

 5 ................................................................... 13.26 7.0 40.0 13.26 7.0 40.0 – – –

Washing, cleaning, and pickling machine

operators .......................................................... 10.91 9.4 36.5 10.91 9.4 36.5 – – –

 1 ................................................................... 7.19 7.0 29.5 7.19 7.0 29.5 – – –

 3 ................................................................... 13.15 12.3 40.4 13.15 12.3 40.4 – – –

Folding machine operators ................................ 11.34 4.0 39.7 11.34 4.0 39.7 – – –

 2 ................................................................... 10.39 11.1 40.0 10.39 11.1 40.0 – – –

 3 ................................................................... 10.50 6.3 38.9 10.50 6.3 38.9 – – –

 4 ................................................................... 11.02 3.6 39.9 11.02 3.6 39.9 – – –

 5 ................................................................... 14.33 7.5 40.0 14.33 7.5 40.0 – – –

Furnace, kiln, and oven operators, except food 13.68 4.4 39.9 13.53 4.7 39.9 $15.67 3.6 39.5

 2 ................................................................... 8.91 3.2 39.7 8.91 3.2 39.7 – – –

 3 ................................................................... 12.51 13.1 40.0 12.51 13.1 40.0 – – –

 4 ................................................................... 12.97 5.3 39.8 12.72 5.8 40.1 – – –

 5 ................................................................... 15.15 6.9 39.6 15.17 7.5 39.6 – – –

 6 ................................................................... 15.68 2.9 40.0 15.67 3.4 40.0 – – –

 7 ................................................................... 19.31 5.2 40.0 19.25 6.2 40.0 – – –

Crushing and grinding machine operators ......... 11.89 5.7 39.9 11.89 5.7 39.9 – – –

 1 ................................................................... 7.18 10.3 40.0 7.18 10.3 40.0 – – –

 2 ................................................................... 10.30 7.9 40.0 10.30 7.9 40.0 – – –

 3 ................................................................... 12.30 7.5 39.8 12.30 7.5 39.8 – – –

 4 ................................................................... 13.44 6.0 40.0 13.44 6.0 40.0 – – –

 5 ................................................................... 13.92 8.5 40.0 13.92 8.5 40.0 – – –

Slicing and cutting machine operators ............... 12.65 3.6 39.9 12.65 3.6 39.9 – – –

 1 ................................................................... 8.11 6.5 40.0 8.11 6.5 40.0 – – –

 2 ................................................................... 9.55 4.6 39.2 9.55 4.6 39.2 – – –

 3 ................................................................... 10.73 3.0 39.9 10.73 3.0 39.9 – – –

 4 ................................................................... 13.02 2.9 40.0 13.02 2.9 40.0 – – –

 5 ................................................................... 14.46 1.3 40.0 14.46 1.3 40.0 – – –

 6 ................................................................... 14.89 3.2 40.0 14.89 3.2 40.0 – – –

 7 ................................................................... 17.62 8.2 40.0 17.62 8.2 40.0 – – –

Motion picture projectionists .............................. 13.07 9.6 25.9 13.07 9.6 25.9 – – –

Photographic process machine operators ......... 10.42 2.9 38.0 10.42 2.9 37.9 – – –

 1 ................................................................... 7.49 5.5 35.2 7.49 5.5 35.2 – – –

 2 ................................................................... 8.09 5.2 38.4 8.09 5.2 38.4 – – –

 3 ................................................................... 9.43 7.8 36.5 9.45 7.8 36.5 – – –

 4 ................................................................... 10.88 3.9 38.5 10.88 3.9 38.5 – – –

 5 ................................................................... 12.84 4.5 39.1 12.84 4.5 39.1 – – –

See footnotes at end of table.

73
Table 2-4. Selected occupations1 and levels:2 Mean hourly earnings3 and weekly hours, private industry and State and local

government, National Compensation Survey,4 1998–Continued

Occupation and level

Total Private industry State and local

 government

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

Mean hours

Relative

error5

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error5

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error5

(percent)

Blue collar –Continued

Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors

–Continued

Photographic process machine operators

–Continued

 7 ................................................................... $15.80 4.0 40.0 $15.80 4.0 40.0 – – –

Miscellaneous machine operators, n.e.c. .......... 11.97 2.6 39.7 11.95 2.6 39.7 $14.71 12.5 38.8

 1 ................................................................... 7.98 4.9 38.2 7.98 4.9 38.3 – – –

 2 ................................................................... 9.10 1.6 39.6 9.11 1.6 39.6 – – –

 3 ................................................................... 10.01 4.3 39.9 10.01 4.3 39.9 – – –

 4 ................................................................... 13.19 1.9 39.9 13.22 1.9 39.9 10.47 11.4 39.3

 5 ................................................................... 14.57 1.4 39.9 14.57 1.4 39.9 – – –

 6 ................................................................... 16.21 2.4 40.0 16.23 2.4 40.0 – – –

 7 ................................................................... 18.13 2.7 39.8 17.95 2.8 39.9 – – –

Not able to be leveled .................................... 14.68 6.5 37.1 14.68 6.5 37.1 – – –

Welders and cutters ........................................... 14.19 1.9 40.0 14.06 1.9 40.0 18.88 7.5 40.0

 1 ................................................................... 8.15 9.3 35.8 8.15 9.3 35.8 – – –

 2 ................................................................... 9.55 7.3 40.0 9.55 7.3 40.0 – – –

 3 ................................................................... 13.56 5.7 40.1 13.56 5.7 40.1 – – –

 4 ................................................................... 12.30 5.5 40.0 12.30 5.5 40.0 – – –

 5 ................................................................... 13.60 2.3 40.1 13.60 2.3 40.1 – – –

 6 ................................................................... 14.02 2.6 39.9 14.08 2.6 39.9 – – –

 7 ................................................................... 17.98 2.2 39.9 17.71 2.2 39.9 20.00 6.2 40.0

 8 ................................................................... 18.88 7.1 40.0 18.88 7.1 40.0 – – –

Solders and braziers .......................................... 9.04 8.3 40.0 9.04 8.3 40.0 – – –

 2 ................................................................... 8.35 5.2 40.0 8.35 5.2 40.0 – – –

 3 ................................................................... 9.28 4.4 40.0 9.28 4.4 40.0 – – –

 4 ................................................................... 11.45 3.7 40.0 11.45 3.7 40.0 – – –

 5 ................................................................... 11.08 4.6 40.0 11.08 4.6 40.0 – – –

Assemblers ........................................................ 11.63 2.6 39.3 11.63 2.6 39.3 – – –

 1 ................................................................... 7.31 2.1 37.4 7.31 2.1 37.4 – – –

 2 ................................................................... 8.90 2.9 39.8 8.90 2.9 39.8 – – –

 3 ................................................................... 14.91 2.3 39.9 14.91 2.3 39.9 – – –

 4 ................................................................... 13.15 4.0 39.8 13.15 4.0 39.8 – – –

 5 ................................................................... 13.16 3.4 39.8 13.16 3.4 39.8 – – –

 6 ................................................................... 14.03 1.8 39.9 14.03 1.8 39.9 – – –

 7 ................................................................... 16.46 2.6 40.0 16.46 2.6 40.0 – – –

Hand cutting and trimming ................................. 9.51 8.9 39.4 9.51 8.9 39.4 – – –

 1 ................................................................... 6.28 7.4 38.9 6.28 7.4 38.9 – – –

 2 ................................................................... 8.92 4.3 39.5 8.92 4.3 39.5 – – –

 3 ................................................................... 11.79 5.6 39.4 11.79 5.6 39.4 – – –

 4 ................................................................... 11.60 13.1 40.0 11.60 13.1 40.0 – – –

Hand molding, casting, and forming .................. 12.13 9.9 40.0 12.13 9.9 40.0 – – –

 2 ................................................................... 8.16 5.8 40.0 8.16 5.8 40.0 – – –

Hand painting, coating, and decorating ............. 10.21 5.6 38.6 10.17 5.7 38.5 – – –

 1 ................................................................... 7.79 3.8 36.9 7.79 3.8 36.9 – – –

 2 ................................................................... 9.39 3.5 40.0 9.61 4.1 40.0 – – –

 3 ................................................................... 9.61 14.4 35.1 9.61 14.4 35.1 – – –

 4 ................................................................... 9.62 4.3 40.0 9.62 4.3 40.0 – – –

Hand engraving and printing .............................. 8.91 3.5 40.0 8.91 3.5 40.0 – – –

Miscellaneous hand working, n.e.c. ................... 9.85 3.3 38.8 9.85 3.3 38.8 – – –

 1 ................................................................... 7.38 2.5 37.0 7.38 2.5 37.0 – – –

 2 ................................................................... 9.03 3.2 40.0 9.03 3.2 40.0 – – –

 3 ................................................................... 12.05 5.3 39.3 12.05 5.3 39.3 – – –

 4 ................................................................... 12.28 6.8 40.0 12.28 6.8 40.0 – – –

 5 ................................................................... 13.78 5.8 40.0 13.78 5.8 40.0 – – –

Production inspectors, checkers and examiners 11.11 2.6 39.8 11.11 2.6 39.8 – – –

 1 ................................................................... 7.58 4.8 39.6 7.58 4.8 39.6 – – –

 2 ................................................................... 9.23 2.9 39.9 9.23 2.9 39.9 – – –

 3 ................................................................... 10.80 5.6 39.7 10.80 5.6 39.7 – – –

 4 ................................................................... 11.06 1.9 39.8 11.06 1.9 39.8 – – –

 5 ................................................................... 12.07 3.0 40.1 12.07 3.0 40.1 – – –

See footnotes at end of table.

74
Table 2-4. Selected occupations1 and levels:2 Mean hourly earnings3 and weekly hours, private industry and State and local

government, National Compensation Survey,4 1998–Continued

Occupation and level

Total Private industry State and local

 government

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

Mean hours

Relative

error5

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error5

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error5

(percent)

Blue collar –Continued

Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors

–Continued

Production inspectors, checkers and examiners

–Continued

 6 ................................................................... $15.16 4.3 39.9 $15.16 4.3 39.9 – – –

 7 ................................................................... 16.82 5.0 40.0 16.91 5.0 40.0 – – –

Production testers .............................................. 11.73 3.4 39.8 11.73 3.4 39.8 – – –

 1 ................................................................... 7.63 7.3 40.0 7.63 7.3 40.0 – – –

 2 ................................................................... 8.94 2.3 40.0 8.94 2.3 40.0 – – –

 3 ................................................................... 12.33 9.5 40.0 12.33 9.5 40.0 – – –

 4 ................................................................... 11.42 4.8 39.2 11.42 4.8 39.2 – – –

 5 ................................................................... 12.70 3.9 40.0 12.70 3.9 40.0 – – –

 6 ................................................................... 15.64 4.2 40.1 15.64 4.2 40.1 – – –

 7 ................................................................... 13.64 8.0 40.0 13.64 8.0 40.0 – – –

Production samplers and weighers .................... 13.64 4.5 39.6 13.64 4.5 39.6 – – –

 2 ................................................................... 8.89 12.1 40.0 8.89 12.1 40.0 – – –

 3 ................................................................... 13.92 3.2 39.7 13.92 3.2 39.7 – – –

Graders and sorters, except agricultural ............ 9.19 6.4 39.9 9.19 6.4 39.9 – – –

 1 ................................................................... 8.04 7.8 39.9 8.04 7.8 39.9 – – –

 2 ................................................................... 8.36 2.4 40.5 8.36 2.4 40.5 – – –

 3 ................................................................... 10.73 4.9 39.5 10.73 4.9 39.5 – – –

Hand inspectors, n.e.c. ...................................... 9.27 7.5 39.9 9.27 7.5 39.9 – – –

 2 ................................................................... 9.04 5.2 39.9 9.04 5.2 39.9 – – –

 3 ................................................................... 11.19 10.9 39.9 11.19 10.9 39.9 – – –

Transportation and material moving ......................... 13.72 1.1 37.9 13.77 1.2 38.9 $13.52 1.7 33.8

 1 ................................................................... 7.58 2.9 31.8 7.52 2.9 32.0 9.61 5.1 26.5

 2 ................................................................... 9.77 2.1 34.0 9.47 2.5 34.9 11.55 2.9 29.7

 3 ................................................................... 11.92 1.4 36.8 11.89 1.4 38.9 12.06 3.5 30.4

 4 ................................................................... 13.84 1.6 38.6 13.96 1.8 39.5 13.23 3.2 34.2

 5 ................................................................... 15.12 1.4 40.0 15.32 1.6 40.9 14.33 2.4 36.8

 6 ................................................................... 16.71 2.1 43.2 17.08 2.0 44.1 14.79 6.0 39.3

 7 ................................................................... 19.73 2.9 40.4 20.53 2.9 40.7 16.98 6.3 39.5

 8 ................................................................... 24.13 2.5 42.7 24.48 2.8 43.3 22.25 6.2 39.9

 9 ................................................................... 26.46 7.0 41.3 26.70 7.6 41.6 23.35 6.6 37.7

Supervisors, motor vehicle operators ................ 16.46 5.2 41.1 16.66 4.0 41.8 16.11 12.5 39.9

 4 ................................................................... 9.51 7.2 42.3 – – – – – –

 5 ................................................................... 13.08 4.4 40.2 13.42 4.7 40.2 – – –

 6 ................................................................... 12.68 9.4 40.5 14.72 4.1 41.7 – – –

 7 ................................................................... 19.18 4.1 41.8 19.58 5.0 42.7 18.28 6.4 40.0

 8 ................................................................... 21.89 5.5 41.4 20.23 10.0 43.4 – – –

 9 ................................................................... 22.68 5.3 41.7 21.17 4.5 42.7 – – –

Truck drivers ...................................................... 13.93 1.2 41.4 13.96 1.2 41.5 13.55 3.8 39.4

 1 ................................................................... 7.81 3.1 34.9 7.79 3.2 35.1 – – –

 2 ................................................................... 10.25 3.3 39.1 10.20 3.6 39.1 10.68 7.0 38.7

 3 ................................................................... 12.31 2.9 40.4 12.04 2.8 40.5 14.36 9.7 39.5

 4 ................................................................... 14.14 1.9 40.9 14.21 2.1 41.0 13.22 4.7 39.7

 5 ................................................................... 15.45 1.9 42.3 15.53 2.0 42.5 13.91 3.0 39.5

 6 ................................................................... 16.66 2.2 46.6 16.66 2.3 46.8 16.64 5.6 39.9

 7 ................................................................... 17.62 7.4 41.2 17.86 8.0 41.4 16.56 6.8 40.0

Driver-sales workers .......................................... 14.23 4.2 37.6 14.23 4.2 37.6 – – –

 1 ................................................................... 6.30 6.4 28.8 6.30 6.4 28.8 – – –

 2 ................................................................... 7.30 8.4 25.4 7.30 8.4 25.4 – – –

 3 ................................................................... 11.66 5.3 41.1 11.54 5.4 41.2 – – –

 4 ................................................................... 15.59 5.7 40.2 15.59 5.7 40.2 – – –

 5 ................................................................... 15.58 4.7 42.1 15.58 4.7 42.1 – – –

 6 ................................................................... 16.90 6.0 40.2 16.90 6.0 40.2 – – –

 7 ................................................................... 19.09 7.8 42.1 19.09 7.8 42.1 – – –

Bus drivers ......................................................... 12.61 1.6 29.2 11.31 2.8 30.3 13.44 1.7 28.5

 1 ................................................................... 9.67 6.9 23.9 – – – 10.40 5.7 23.0

 2 ................................................................... 10.89 3.3 26.9 9.53 6.3 28.4 12.08 2.9 25.8

See footnotes at end of table.

75
Table 2-4. Selected occupations1 and levels:2 Mean hourly earnings3 and weekly hours, private industry and State and local

government, National Compensation Survey,4 1998–Continued

Occupation and level

Total Private industry State and local

 government

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

Mean hours

Relative

error5

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error5

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error5

(percent)

Blue collar –Continued

Transportation and material moving –Continued

Bus drivers –Continued

 3 ................................................................... $11.02 2.2 27.2 $9.43 4.1 29.2 $11.69 2.4 26.4

 4 ................................................................... 13.62 2.9 30.5 12.60 4.2 31.9 14.53 3.1 29.4

 5 ................................................................... 14.60 3.3 32.6 13.14 6.5 31.4 15.48 2.7 33.3

 6 ................................................................... 15.20 4.5 35.3 – – – 15.43 4.6 36.3

 7 ................................................................... 17.96 5.9 35.0 – – – 17.98 5.9 35.3

Taxicab drivers and chauffeurs .......................... 8.32 4.5 30.0 8.20 4.5 29.9 9.55 19.8 31.6

 1 ................................................................... 7.13 8.2 27.5 7.13 8.2 27.9 – – –

 2 ................................................................... 7.13 2.2 29.6 7.13 2.3 29.2 – – –

 3 ................................................................... 10.91 15.5 32.9 11.07 19.1 35.8 10.69 25.6 29.7

 4 ................................................................... 10.52 9.8 31.4 10.52 10.2 31.3 – – –

Parking lot attendants ........................................ 7.04 4.3 28.2 7.01 4.3 28.1 – – –

 1 ................................................................... 6.67 3.6 30.4 6.63 3.7 30.2 – – –

 2 ................................................................... 6.88 9.2 22.4 6.88 9.2 22.5 – – –

 3 ................................................................... 9.55 12.8 36.9 9.55 12.8 36.9 – – –

Motor transportation, n.e.c. ................................ 8.99 4.6 32.2 8.22 4.5 31.4 14.13 5.4 39.2

 1 ................................................................... 6.24 3.1 27.7 6.24 3.2 27.6 – – –

 2 ................................................................... 7.65 7.4 31.6 7.08 5.1 31.0 – – –

 3 ................................................................... 10.48 7.7 35.5 10.28 8.2 35.4 12.54 11.5 36.6

 4 ................................................................... 10.62 6.6 35.9 9.45 6.7 35.0 14.85 11.7 39.5

 5 ................................................................... 14.16 9.5 40.0 – – – 14.69 5.0 40.0

 7 ................................................................... 16.72 8.7 40.0 – – – – – –

Railroad conductors and yardmasters ............... 26.78 4.4 40.2 26.82 4.4 40.2 – – –

 7 ................................................................... 27.03 4.3 40.0 27.10 4.4 40.0 – – –

Locomotive operating ........................................ 27.74 8.4 40.7 30.26 8.1 40.9 19.46 3.3 39.9

 5 ................................................................... 17.93 3.8 40.0 15.45 7.1 40.0 – – –

 9 ................................................................... 36.37 5.1 40.0 36.37 5.1 40.0 – – –

Railroad brake, signal and switch operators ...... 23.30 10.2 40.0 23.65 10.9 40.0 – – –

 7 ................................................................... 27.00 5.7 40.0 27.24 5.7 40.0 – – –

Rail vehicle operators, n.e.c. ............................. 21.02 4.4 40.0 22.32 3.9 40.0 – – –

 7 ................................................................... 22.36 3.9 40.0 22.36 3.9 40.0 – – –

Ship captains and mates, except fishing boats .. 16.30 3.8 47.6 16.04 3.9 48.0 21.56 10.2 40.0

 7 ................................................................... 17.96 7.3 39.5 17.50 8.1 39.4 – – –

 8 ................................................................... 17.26 6.4 60.7 17.26 6.4 60.7 – – –

 9 ................................................................... 17.39 6.8 51.2 17.05 6.2 51.5 – – –

Sailors and deckhands ...................................... 11.39 8.0 43.3 10.69 8.7 44.3 – – –

 1 ................................................................... 6.51 4.2 58.4 6.51 4.2 58.4 – – –

 3 ................................................................... 13.25 14.3 33.5 13.27 15.0 34.1 – – –

 5 ................................................................... 15.97 4.2 38.8 – – – – – –

Bridge, lock and lighthouse tenders ................... 11.16 2.1 40.0 – – – 11.16 2.1 40.0

Supervisors, material moving equipment ........... 18.74 6.2 40.4 19.16 6.0 40.5 14.40 10.4 39.3

 5 ................................................................... 12.21 5.0 43.0 12.77 2.8 44.3 – – –

 6 ................................................................... 15.98 6.3 39.8 15.78 8.4 40.2 – – –

 7 ................................................................... 16.52 2.6 40.6 16.73 2.4 40.6 – – –

 8 ................................................................... 24.58 4.5 40.0 25.61 2.8 40.0 – – –

Operating engineers .......................................... 17.33 8.1 40.0 21.57 4.4 40.0 13.42 7.8 40.0

 2 ................................................................... 10.24 8.2 40.0 – – – – – –

 4 ................................................................... 16.08 22.8 40.0 – – – 11.64 12.1 40.0

 5 ................................................................... 15.72 5.6 40.0 18.59 2.2 40.0 13.90 6.7 40.0

 6 ................................................................... 19.40 7.1 39.9 22.52 6.1 39.8 15.83 4.7 40.0

 7 ................................................................... 21.72 3.2 39.9 22.45 2.7 40.0 19.27 4.4 39.8

Longshore equipment operators ........................ 26.96 7.6 37.5 27.40 6.8 37.4 – – –

Hoist and winch operators ................................. 12.94 5.5 40.9 12.94 5.5 40.9 – – –

Crane and tower operators ................................ 15.61 3.3 40.1 15.55 3.4 40.1 – – –

 2 ................................................................... 9.44 4.5 40.0 9.44 4.5 40.0 – – –

 3 ................................................................... 13.23 5.8 40.0 13.23 5.8 40.0 – – –

 4 ................................................................... 14.35 4.7 40.0 14.39 4.8 40.0 – – –

 5 ................................................................... 15.33 4.1 40.6 15.33 4.1 40.6 – – –

 6 ................................................................... 19.62 4.1 40.0 19.51 4.5 40.0 – – –

 7 ................................................................... 18.56 11.9 40.0 18.47 12.4 40.0 – – –

See footnotes at end of table.

76
Table 2-4. Selected occupations1 and levels:2 Mean hourly earnings3 and weekly hours, private industry and State and local

government, National Compensation Survey,4 1998–Continued

Occupation and level

Total Private industry State and local

 government

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

Mean hours

Relative

error5

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error5

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error5

(percent)

Blue collar –Continued

Transportation and material moving –Continued

Excavating and loading machine operators ....... $14.17 4.3 40.0 $14.74 5.1 40.1 $12.68 8.9 40.0

 2 ................................................................... 11.94 15.8 40.0 – – – – – –

 3 ................................................................... 10.70 7.2 39.9 11.25 9.0 40.0 – – –

 4 ................................................................... 11.89 8.1 40.1 12.96 9.4 40.2 10.85 9.0 40.0

 5 ................................................................... 15.12 6.4 40.1 15.52 7.1 40.1 12.50 7.4 40.0

 6 ................................................................... 16.68 6.8 40.0 16.58 8.1 40.0 – – –

 7 ................................................................... 16.66 4.8 40.0 18.96 6.1 40.0 – – –

Grader, dozer, and scrapper operators ............. 13.46 6.4 40.0 14.69 9.1 40.2 12.63 8.5 39.9

 2 ................................................................... 9.96 7.0 40.0 – – – – – –

 3 ................................................................... 10.33 2.5 40.0 – – – 10.04 7.3 40.0

 4 ................................................................... 10.35 3.4 40.0 11.32 2.5 40.0 9.84 5.4 40.0

 5 ................................................................... 12.18 9.2 40.1 14.35 16.5 40.4 10.99 7.8 39.9

 6 ................................................................... 17.52 10.3 40.0 – – – 14.62 4.7 40.0

 7 ................................................................... 17.26 12.5 40.1 20.89 10.2 40.8 15.98 16.5 39.8

Industrial truck and tractor equipment operators 12.10 1.8 39.8 12.11 1.9 39.8 11.00 3.7 40.0

 1 ................................................................... 9.86 7.4 40.0 9.88 7.6 40.0 – – –

 2 ................................................................... 9.66 1.9 39.4 9.66 2.0 39.4 – – –

 3 ................................................................... 11.92 1.5 39.8 11.93 1.5 39.8 – – –

 4 ................................................................... 12.97 2.8 39.8 13.00 2.8 39.8 – – –

 5 ................................................................... 14.79 4.5 40.0 14.94 4.6 40.0 – – –

 7 ................................................................... 16.12 5.3 39.7 16.35 5.7 39.7 – – –

Miscellaneous material moving equipment

operators, n.e.c. ............................................... 14.33 3.0 37.8 14.66 3.5 37.5 12.99 3.8 39.1

 1 ................................................................... 9.40 10.2 29.5 9.40 10.2 29.5 – – –

 2 ................................................................... 11.93 5.8 36.1 11.99 5.7 36.1 – – –

 3 ................................................................... 14.45 5.5 38.7 14.97 5.6 38.7 10.05 6.9 39.3

 4 ................................................................... 14.72 7.6 39.5 15.42 7.9 39.5 10.93 3.4 39.5

 5 ................................................................... 16.03 2.4 38.2 17.04 3.1 38.1 14.66 3.1 38.3

 6 ................................................................... 14.94 7.3 39.0 – – – 11.13 6.3 39.9

 7 ................................................................... 19.15 5.5 40.0 20.26 6.9 39.9 18.15 7.5 40.0

Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and

laborers ....................................................................... 9.69 .7 35.9 9.52 .7 35.7 11.84 2.0 38.4

 1 ................................................................... 7.76 1.3 33.2 7.69 1.4 33.1 9.49 5.4 36.3

 2 ................................................................... 9.07 1.1 36.8 9.05 1.2 36.8 9.35 3.2 38.2

 3 ................................................................... 10.92 1.7 37.7 10.90 1.9 37.7 11.21 2.4 38.6

 4 ................................................................... 12.21 1.6 39.0 11.97 1.5 39.0 13.75 4.3 39.1

 5 ................................................................... 14.06 2.1 39.2 13.99 2.5 39.1 14.35 2.9 39.8

 6 ................................................................... 15.37 3.4 39.6 15.53 4.0 39.6 14.67 4.1 39.8

 7 ................................................................... 16.42 4.3 40.1 16.06 5.2 40.2 17.72 3.1 40.0

 8 ................................................................... 19.27 4.1 40.3 19.59 5.6 40.4 – – –

 9 ................................................................... 20.58 6.2 40.6 22.03 9.8 40.9 – – –

Not able to be leveled .................................... 11.75 7.5 36.6 13.48 7.0 37.1 8.45 7.2 35.6

Nursery workers ................................................. 7.31 3.4 37.9 7.28 3.5 38.0 – – –

 1 ................................................................... 6.73 4.8 38.4 6.72 4.8 39.0 – – –

 2 ................................................................... 7.70 4.8 37.3 7.70 4.8 37.3 – – –

Supervisors, agriculture-related workers ........... 17.49 4.7 39.9 19.19 10.0 40.3 16.57 4.1 39.7

 5 ................................................................... 12.46 2.3 40.2 – – – 12.33 2.2 40.0

 6 ................................................................... 15.50 10.5 40.0 – – – 15.64 10.9 40.0

 7 ................................................................... 18.25 3.7 40.1 18.41 4.8 40.6 18.20 4.6 40.0

 9 ................................................................... 24.74 9.0 40.0 – – – – – –

Groundskeepers and gardeners, except farm ... 9.31 5.2 38.4 8.45 3.9 38.8 11.29 2.9 37.7

 1 ................................................................... 7.35 3.8 35.0 6.96 4.6 35.5 8.06 4.1 34.1

 2 ................................................................... – – – – – – 8.81 6.7 38.0

 3 ................................................................... 10.18 3.3 39.1 9.18 3.6 38.6 10.92 3.8 39.4

 4 ................................................................... 11.79 3.4 38.3 10.45 4.0 39.0 13.31 4.6 37.6

 5 ................................................................... 14.01 3.5 38.8 13.52 4.9 38.3 14.61 5.2 39.4

 6 ................................................................... 16.19 5.0 39.6 – – – 16.40 5.5 39.6

 7 ................................................................... 17.95 11.0 40.0 – – – 18.20 12.9 40.0

Animal caretakers, except farm ......................... 10.22 5.8 38.2 9.74 11.3 36.9 10.68 11.0 39.5

See footnotes at end of table.

77
Table 2-4. Selected occupations1 and levels:2 Mean hourly earnings3 and weekly hours, private industry and State and local

government, National Compensation Survey,4 1998–Continued

Occupation and level

Total Private industry State and local

 government

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

Mean hours

Relative

error5

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error5

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error5

(percent)

Blue collar –Continued

Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and

laborers –Continued

Animal caretakers, except farm –Continued

 2 ................................................................... $8.27 6.1 39.7 – – – $8.48 7.3 40.0

 3 ................................................................... 7.41 12.7 38.6 – – – – – –

 4 ................................................................... 12.07 5.5 38.3 $8.71 7.7 38.6 – – –

Inspectors, agricultural products ........................ 7.84 6.1 37.4 7.84 6.1 37.4 – – –

 1 ................................................................... 7.19 1.8 37.1 7.19 1.8 37.1 – – –

Supervisors, handlers, equipment cleaners, and

laborers, n.e.c. ................................................. 14.57 2.6 39.8 14.37 2.7 39.8 15.63 4.7 40.0

 3 ................................................................... 9.94 10.3 40.5 9.94 10.3 40.5 – – –

 4 ................................................................... 12.51 6.2 39.4 12.19 6.9 39.3 – – –

 5 ................................................................... 13.80 4.0 39.0 13.44 3.9 38.8 14.98 10.0 39.9

 6 ................................................................... 13.84 5.1 39.6 14.21 6.4 39.5 11.46 4.0 40.0

 7 ................................................................... 15.84 6.2 40.4 15.49 6.7 40.4 18.12 2.7 40.0

 8 ................................................................... 20.17 4.1 40.4 21.00 5.8 40.6 – – –

Helpers, mechanics and repairers ..................... 11.69 4.4 39.1 11.40 5.8 39.3 12.80 6.0 38.5

 1 ................................................................... 9.26 12.7 37.6 9.01 14.0 37.5 – – –

 2 ................................................................... 9.07 4.8 38.3 8.94 5.7 38.8 9.68 6.0 36.2

 3 ................................................................... 12.04 7.2 39.8 11.86 8.4 40.2 14.03 10.3 36.2

 4 ................................................................... 12.40 5.3 39.7 11.95 7.0 40.2 13.57 5.6 38.4

 5 ................................................................... 15.50 7.1 38.7 16.33 10.1 37.5 14.60 6.1 40.0

Helpers, construction trades .............................. 10.46 3.8 39.3 10.38 4.1 39.2 11.16 5.1 40.0

 1 ................................................................... 8.57 5.2 37.2 8.67 5.2 37.0 – – –

 2 ................................................................... 9.12 3.4 39.9 9.16 3.6 39.9 8.62 6.1 40.0

 3 ................................................................... 11.50 8.5 39.8 11.46 9.3 39.8 12.00 11.2 40.0

 4 ................................................................... 11.98 9.4 40.0 12.01 11.8 40.0 11.83 5.8 40.0

 5 ................................................................... 13.65 6.0 39.2 13.48 7.5 38.9 – – –

Helpers, extractive ............................................. 15.17 11.8 38.7 15.17 11.8 38.7 – – –

Construction laborers ......................................... 11.34 2.8 39.4 11.37 3.4 39.5 11.19 4.0 38.9

 1 ................................................................... 8.74 6.8 39.4 8.79 7.6 39.5 8.33 7.0 38.6

 2 ................................................................... 10.01 6.9 38.9 10.25 8.2 39.4 9.25 8.7 37.4

 3 ................................................................... 12.42 4.7 39.5 12.59 6.1 39.4 11.93 4.0 39.6

 4 ................................................................... 13.95 3.3 39.7 14.50 4.7 39.6 12.87 4.3 40.0

 5 ................................................................... 16.97 3.2 40.1 17.46 3.7 40.1 15.28 3.7 40.0

 6 ................................................................... 16.32 3.8 40.0 16.57 3.9 40.0 – – –

 7 ................................................................... 16.45 4.5 40.0 – – – – – –

Production helpers ............................................. 9.75 3.5 39.0 9.75 3.5 39.1 10.44 8.4 23.8

 1 ................................................................... 8.06 4.3 38.6 8.05 4.3 38.8 – – –

 2 ................................................................... 9.16 5.5 38.9 9.16 5.5 38.9 – – –

 3 ................................................................... 10.47 3.0 39.2 10.48 3.1 39.5 9.97 11.5 24.9

 4 ................................................................... 11.39 3.5 39.4 11.37 3.6 39.4 – – –

 5 ................................................................... 13.93 7.3 40.0 13.93 7.3 40.0 – – –

Garbage collectors ............................................. 12.63 11.7 39.6 9.26 8.1 39.6 13.63 11.2 39.6

 1 ................................................................... 9.99 8.6 39.1 8.59 3.3 39.1 10.79 10.8 39.1

 2 ................................................................... 11.49 9.1 40.2 – – – 11.90 10.6 39.4

 3 ................................................................... 11.13 6.9 40.0 – – – 11.13 6.9 40.0

Stevedores ......................................................... 18.83 3.7 39.2 18.90 3.8 39.2 – – –

Stock handlers and baggers .............................. 8.64 1.4 29.9 8.63 1.4 29.8 10.80 4.9 38.2

 1 ................................................................... 6.90 1.1 25.5 6.90 1.1 25.5 – – –

 2 ................................................................... 8.34 2.1 32.1 8.34 2.1 32.1 – – –

 3 ................................................................... 10.19 3.6 35.7 10.19 3.6 35.7 – – –

 4 ................................................................... 12.16 2.6 38.9 12.20 2.6 38.9 – – –

 5 ................................................................... 13.29 2.2 38.3 13.29 2.3 38.3 – – –

 6 ................................................................... 15.87 7.9 39.2 15.87 7.9 39.2 – – –

Machine feeders and offbearers ........................ 9.37 2.6 39.3 9.38 2.6 39.3 – – –

 1 ................................................................... 8.33 5.8 39.4 8.33 5.8 39.4 – – –

 2 ................................................................... 9.42 2.5 38.9 9.45 2.6 38.9 – – –

 3 ................................................................... 9.98 6.5 39.4 9.98 6.5 39.4 – – –

 4 ................................................................... 12.00 5.0 39.7 12.00 5.0 39.7 – – –

 5 ................................................................... 13.06 4.6 39.4 13.06 4.6 39.4 – – –

See footnotes at end of table.

78
Table 2-4. Selected occupations1 and levels:2 Mean hourly earnings3 and weekly hours, private industry and State and local

government, National Compensation Survey,4 1998–Continued

Occupation and level

Total Private industry State and local

 government

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

Mean hours

Relative

error5

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error5

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error5

(percent)

Blue collar –Continued

Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and

laborers –Continued

Freight, stock, and material handlers, n.e.c. ...... $10.50 2.0 35.5 $10.49 2.1 35.4 $11.11 9.0 39.1

 1 ................................................................... 8.13 3.4 33.9 8.11 3.4 33.9 – – –

 2 ................................................................... 9.57 4.2 34.0 9.58 4.3 34.0 – – –

 3 ................................................................... 12.37 3.3 36.5 12.38 3.3 36.5 – – –

 4 ................................................................... 12.35 4.8 38.5 12.38 5.0 38.5 – – –

 5 ................................................................... 12.96 7.4 39.4 12.93 7.5 39.4 – – –

 6 ................................................................... 15.86 4.9 40.1 15.86 4.9 40.1 – – –

 7 ................................................................... 18.94 3.9 38.6 18.95 3.9 38.6 – – –

Not able to be leveled .................................... 13.45 9.4 34.5 13.45 9.4 34.5 – – –

Garage and service station related .................... 8.25 7.1 34.2 7.90 6.8 34.2 12.37 6.6 34.2

 2 ................................................................... 8.10 4.7 36.4 7.82 4.1 36.0 – – –

 3 ................................................................... 9.09 7.9 36.6 8.53 7.3 38.1 – – –

 4 ................................................................... 11.10 4.6 40.0 10.80 4.7 40.0 – – –

Vehicle washers and equipment cleaners ......... 8.86 3.2 37.4 8.81 3.2 37.4 11.57 7.5 37.4

 1 ................................................................... 7.45 4.6 36.2 7.44 4.6 36.2 – – –

 2 ................................................................... 9.63 3.5 38.9 9.62 3.5 38.9 – – –

 3 ................................................................... 10.77 5.0 38.5 10.78 5.2 38.5 – – –

 4 ................................................................... 12.33 4.2 39.8 12.14 4.8 39.9 – – –

 5 ................................................................... 12.96 8.7 39.7 12.96 8.7 39.7 – – –

Hand packers and packagers ............................ 8.49 1.7 37.9 8.49 1.7 37.9 – – –

 1 ................................................................... 7.53 2.3 37.0 7.53 2.3 37.0 – – –

 2 ................................................................... 8.35 1.9 38.8 8.35 1.9 38.8 – – –

 3 ................................................................... 10.35 4.5 38.8 10.35 4.5 38.8 – – –

 4 ................................................................... 11.76 4.6 39.4 11.76 4.6 39.4 – – –

 5 ................................................................... 11.87 6.9 39.8 11.87 6.9 39.8 – – –

Laborers, except construction, n.e.c. ................. 9.57 1.3 37.8 9.39 1.4 37.8 11.17 3.2 38.1

 1 ................................................................... 8.20 3.1 36.9 8.06 3.4 36.9 10.24 9.0 36.7

 2 ................................................................... 9.82 2.8 38.4 9.85 3.0 38.4 9.55 5.9 38.2

 3 ................................................................... 10.95 2.6 38.9 10.91 4.2 38.8 11.20 5.3 39.4

 4 ................................................................... 11.52 3.1 38.8 11.21 3.5 38.7 13.64 3.1 39.8

 5 ................................................................... 14.20 3.2 39.7 13.85 4.0 39.5 14.92 5.2 40.0

 6 ................................................................... 14.10 3.9 39.8 13.89 4.6 39.8 – – –

 7 ................................................................... 16.36 10.6 40.0 16.31 11.2 40.0 – – –

Not able to be leveled .................................... 10.72 11.9 33.2 11.28 14.0 36.2 – – –

Service .............................................................................. 9.52 .7 33.0 7.85 .6 31.8 13.84 1.3 36.7

 1 ................................................................... 6.57 .8 29.6 6.35 .9 29.5 8.30 1.7 30.0

 2 ................................................................... 6.99 .6 31.6 6.66 .7 31.4 8.87 1.6 32.6

 3 ................................................................... 8.20 .8 32.8 7.69 1.1 32.5 10.27 1.5 34.0

 4 ................................................................... 9.92 .8 35.2 9.42 1.5 35.0 11.43 1.4 36.1

 5 ................................................................... 12.65 1.9 36.4 12.33 3.1 34.0 12.91 2.6 38.8

 6 ................................................................... 14.31 1.5 39.5 12.86 2.1 36.6 15.04 1.9 41.1

 7 ................................................................... 17.99 1.3 39.3 17.81 3.1 35.5 18.06 1.4 41.1

 8 ................................................................... 19.06 1.4 40.8 17.52 2.7 39.9 19.35 1.6 41.0

 9 ................................................................... 22.37 1.7 41.2 18.38 7.7 42.0 22.59 1.7 41.2

10 ................................................................... 25.68 2.5 41.4 30.62 9.4 41.8 25.53 2.5 41.4

11 ................................................................... 28.49 5.8 41.6 21.28 16.6 45.9 29.16 5.7 41.2

12 ................................................................... 32.00 2.7 40.0 – – – – – –

Not able to be leveled .................................... 14.89 7.4 33.9 11.63 6.5 31.3 18.45 8.9 37.2

Protective service .................................................. 14.36 1.6 38.0 8.74 1.7 35.0 17.25 1.9 39.7

 1 ................................................................... 6.81 2.6 33.6 6.65 2.5 35.3 8.44 4.8 22.2

 2 ................................................................... 7.61 1.6 33.1 7.49 1.6 33.6 8.61 7.7 29.4

 3 ................................................................... 8.41 2.6 34.5 8.12 3.5 35.6 10.74 4.6 27.7

 4 ................................................................... 11.12 2.7 36.3 9.86 4.3 35.9 12.20 2.1 36.6

 5 ................................................................... 12.76 2.7 38.5 11.29 3.6 35.1 13.08 3.6 39.4

 6 ................................................................... 15.22 1.9 41.1 15.00 3.5 34.2 15.23 2.0 41.6

 7 ................................................................... 18.20 1.4 40.8 16.75 5.2 32.1 18.27 1.5 41.3

 8 ................................................................... 19.34 1.6 41.0 18.58 6.3 39.5 19.37 1.6 41.1

 9 ................................................................... 22.56 1.7 41.2 20.16 5.8 40.0 22.57 1.7 41.2

See footnotes at end of table.

79
Table 2-4. Selected occupations1 and levels:2 Mean hourly earnings3 and weekly hours, private industry and State and local

government, National Compensation Survey,4 1998–Continued

Occupation and level

Total Private industry State and local

 government

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

Mean hours

Relative

error5

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error5

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error5

(percent)

Service –Continued

Protective service –Continued

10 ................................................................... $25.60 2.5 41.4 – – – $25.55 2.5 41.4

11 ................................................................... 29.08 5.5 41.2 – – – 29.16 5.7 41.2

12 ................................................................... 32.00 2.7 40.0 – – – – – –

Not able to be leveled .................................... 16.33 9.1 36.8 $11.56 12.7 34.0 19.34 7.5 38.8

Supervisors, firefighters and fire prevention ...... 20.00 2.9 49.2 – – – 20.04 2.9 49.4

 6 ................................................................... 11.61 7.3 52.0 – – – 11.61 7.3 52.0

 7 ................................................................... 17.69 5.1 48.0 – – – 17.69 5.1 48.0

 8 ................................................................... 16.72 3.9 49.5 – – – 16.84 4.1 50.4

 9 ................................................................... 22.03 4.7 49.5 – – – 22.06 4.7 49.6

10 ................................................................... 21.08 5.6 49.2 – – – 20.90 5.7 49.1

11 ................................................................... 28.61 6.4 47.6 – – – 28.61 6.4 47.6

Supervisors, police and detectives .................... 24.14 2.7 40.1 – – – 24.19 2.7 40.1

 6 ................................................................... 15.97 11.8 40.0 – – – 16.11 12.1 40.0

 7 ................................................................... 17.59 3.3 40.0 – – – 17.64 3.3 40.0

 8 ................................................................... 20.34 7.0 40.2 – – – 20.34 7.0 40.2

 9 ................................................................... 25.60 4.2 40.1 – – – 25.60 4.2 40.1

10 ................................................................... 27.79 2.8 40.3 – – – 27.79 2.8 40.3

11 ................................................................... 30.82 7.3 40.2 – – – 30.82 7.3 40.2

Supervisors, guards ........................................... 15.49 7.1 38.4 13.42 5.3 38.7 18.97 11.8 37.9

 4 ................................................................... 8.84 3.7 35.2 8.85 4.4 37.9 – – –

 5 ................................................................... 9.93 4.6 37.8 9.96 4.7 37.7 – – –

 6 ................................................................... 14.49 3.5 39.9 15.63 2.9 39.8 13.12 3.0 40.0

 7 ................................................................... 16.35 9.9 38.8 16.29 5.6 40.0 16.41 19.0 37.7

 8 ................................................................... 18.93 3.4 40.1 18.24 5.5 40.1 19.67 4.1 40.0

10 ................................................................... 28.88 1.4 39.9 – – – – – –

Fire inspection and fire prevention ..................... 18.31 4.8 37.6 – – – 18.97 4.8 37.1

 6 ................................................................... 19.85 4.0 39.0 – – – 19.26 4.3 38.7

 7 ................................................................... 17.10 9.0 43.4 – – – 17.10 9.0 43.4

Firefighting ......................................................... 15.32 2.5 44.5 – – – 15.35 2.5 44.6

 3 ................................................................... 9.42 28.1 11.8 – – – 9.42 28.1 11.8

 4 ................................................................... 13.29 5.4 42.9 – – – 13.29 5.4 42.9

 5 ................................................................... 14.08 5.3 43.8 – – – 14.07 5.3 43.8

 6 ................................................................... 13.96 3.5 48.2 – – – 13.96 3.5 48.2

 7 ................................................................... 16.91 3.3 46.8 – – – 16.99 3.2 47.0

 8 ................................................................... 16.50 2.7 48.6 – – – 16.60 2.7 48.5

 9 ................................................................... 22.11 5.9 46.7 – – – 22.11 5.9 46.7

Police and detectives, public service ................. 19.49 1.4 39.5 10.30 13.9 32.5 19.54 1.4 39.6

 3 ................................................................... 11.74 10.3 37.8 – – – 11.87 10.6 37.7

 4 ................................................................... 13.36 4.8 37.0 – – – 13.36 4.8 37.0

 5 ................................................................... 15.73 3.6 37.1 – – – 15.81 3.6 37.0

 6 ................................................................... 17.10 3.4 39.4 – – – 17.09 3.4 39.7

 7 ................................................................... 19.80 2.3 39.6 – – – 19.80 2.3 39.6

 8 ................................................................... 20.15 1.7 40.0 – – – 20.15 1.7 40.0

 9 ................................................................... 21.88 2.7 40.1 – – – 21.88 2.7 40.1

10 ................................................................... 25.59 6.0 40.0 – – – 25.59 6.0 40.0

Sheriffs, bailiffs, and other law enforcement

officers ............................................................. 15.91 2.6 38.7 – – – 15.91 2.6 38.7

 2 ................................................................... 5.75 4.5 34.9 – – – 5.75 4.5 34.9

 3 ................................................................... 13.74 7.8 35.6 – – – 13.74 7.8 35.6

 4 ................................................................... 13.27 5.2 35.2 – – – 13.27 5.2 35.2

 5 ................................................................... 13.00 6.2 39.2 – – – 13.00 6.2 39.2

 6 ................................................................... 14.06 4.9 39.6 – – – 14.06 4.9 39.6

 7 ................................................................... 16.81 3.2 39.7 – – – 16.81 3.2 39.8

 8 ................................................................... 18.70 8.0 38.7 – – – 18.70 8.0 38.7

 9 ................................................................... 22.70 3.4 40.0 – – – 22.70 3.4 40.0

Correctional institution officers ........................... 14.17 4.3 39.8 – – – 14.37 4.4 39.8

 2 ................................................................... 10.80 6.8 40.2 – – – 10.80 6.8 40.2

 3 ................................................................... 8.42 6.1 40.4 – – – 8.78 8.5 40.1

 4 ................................................................... 11.65 3.3 39.2 – – – 11.82 3.4 39.3

 5 ................................................................... 12.51 4.0 39.9 – – – 12.52 4.1 39.9

 6 ................................................................... 15.30 4.7 39.5 – – – 15.30 4.7 39.5

See footnotes at end of table.

80
Table 2-4. Selected occupations1 and levels:2 Mean hourly earnings3 and weekly hours, private industry and State and local

government, National Compensation Survey,4 1998–Continued

Occupation and level

Total Private industry State and local

 government

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

Mean hours

Relative

error5

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error5

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error5

(percent)

Service –Continued

Protective service –Continued

Correctional institution officers –Continued

 7 ................................................................... $18.21 2.5 39.9 – – – $18.21 2.5 39.9

 8 ................................................................... 18.90 3.6 40.0 – – – 18.90 3.6 40.0

 9 ................................................................... 19.34 4.5 40.0 – – – 19.34 4.5 40.0

Crossing guards ................................................. 8.73 4.5 17.3 – – – 8.70 4.6 17.2

 1 ................................................................... 7.77 7.8 16.3 – – – 7.78 7.8 16.4

 2 ................................................................... 9.90 5.3 19.4 – – – 9.90 5.3 19.4

 3 ................................................................... 7.99 4.3 16.2 – – – 7.71 3.3 15.6

Guards and police, except public service .......... 8.63 1.7 35.1 $8.43 1.9 35.2 12.28 2.5 33.3

 1 ................................................................... 6.61 2.5 35.1 6.61 2.5 35.2 7.45 5.6 21.8

 2 ................................................................... 7.57 1.6 34.3 7.55 1.6 34.7 8.44 5.2 24.9

 3 ................................................................... 8.25 3.2 35.8 8.14 3.6 35.9 11.59 7.0 33.9

 4 ................................................................... 10.14 5.0 36.1 10.07 5.3 36.2 11.19 3.8 33.6

 5 ................................................................... 11.78 3.0 34.5 11.46 3.8 34.4 12.98 2.5 35.0

 6 ................................................................... 13.57 4.2 33.4 13.84 5.0 31.9 12.83 6.4 38.7

 7 ................................................................... 18.09 4.6 28.1 18.14 5.7 27.0 17.92 4.4 33.1

 8 ................................................................... 21.09 4.6 37.2 – – – – – –

Not able to be leveled .................................... 10.67 9.1 34.5 10.11 11.5 33.0 – – –

Protective service, n.e.c. .................................... 11.51 4.7 29.1 8.76 8.6 24.4 12.85 4.6 32.0

 1 ................................................................... 6.42 6.6 29.9 – – – 8.20 2.7 25.9

 2 ................................................................... 6.76 3.3 19.1 6.45 3.1 17.3 7.53 7.2 25.4

 3 ................................................................... 9.38 7.8 26.3 7.36 3.2 24.0 10.66 7.7 27.9

 4 ................................................................... 9.63 3.8 30.3 8.92 9.3 27.6 9.96 3.6 31.8

 5 ................................................................... 13.65 8.5 28.4 16.92 22.2 29.9 12.91 5.4 28.1

 6 ................................................................... 14.75 8.2 39.6 – – – 14.15 8.8 40.3

 7 ................................................................... 16.09 11.4 40.6 – – – 16.02 11.6 40.6

Food service .......................................................... 6.76 .7 30.1 6.54 .8 30.1 9.12 1.3 29.7

 1 ................................................................... 5.87 .5 27.7 5.77 .5 27.8 7.53 1.7 26.5

 2 ................................................................... 5.81 1.1 30.1 5.60 1.1 30.4 8.29 2.7 27.2

 3 ................................................................... 6.71 1.3 30.4 6.48 1.5 30.4 9.01 1.6 30.4

 4 ................................................................... 8.93 1.7 35.1 8.67 2.0 34.9 10.68 3.5 36.1

 5 ................................................................... 10.57 2.1 37.8 10.25 2.6 38.2 11.73 3.3 36.2

 6 ................................................................... 11.91 3.4 41.9 11.72 3.5 42.2 14.11 8.6 38.4

 7 ................................................................... 13.85 2.6 41.7 13.82 2.7 41.8 14.24 5.7 40.0

 8 ................................................................... 16.96 4.1 41.3 17.10 4.3 41.9 – – –

 9 ................................................................... 18.09 9.1 42.4 17.70 10.3 42.7 – – –

Not able to be leveled .................................... 11.16 11.3 24.1 10.20 18.5 19.9 – – –

Supervisors, food preparation and service ........ 11.45 1.6 38.5 11.40 1.8 38.7 11.75 4.0 37.0

 1 ................................................................... 6.56 6.0 25.2 6.56 6.0 25.2 – – –

 2 ................................................................... 6.64 1.8 29.3 6.62 2.0 29.5 – – –

 3 ................................................................... 7.58 4.0 32.1 7.50 4.3 31.7 – – –

 4 ................................................................... 9.36 3.2 36.8 9.05 3.2 37.2 10.68 9.3 35.2

 5 ................................................................... 11.03 2.3 39.1 10.98 2.9 39.8 11.16 3.7 37.3

 6 ................................................................... 12.19 4.9 42.3 11.96 5.0 42.8 14.36 9.9 38.6

 7 ................................................................... 14.04 2.7 42.1 14.03 2.8 42.2 14.15 6.3 40.0

 8 ................................................................... 16.34 4.5 40.9 16.48 4.8 41.6 – – –

 9 ................................................................... 19.59 5.5 41.3 19.33 6.2 41.5 – – –

Bartenders ......................................................... 6.31 2.6 29.5 6.31 2.6 29.5 – – –

 1 ................................................................... 5.52 10.0 24.0 5.52 10.0 24.0 – – –

 2 ................................................................... 5.82 5.0 27.5 5.82 5.0 27.5 – – –

 3 ................................................................... 6.25 4.3 29.4 6.25 4.3 29.4 – – –

 4 ................................................................... 7.07 5.4 31.8 7.06 5.4 31.8 – – –

 5 ................................................................... 6.53 4.6 33.3 6.53 4.6 33.3 – – –

Waiters and waitresses ...................................... 4.17 3.4 28.8 4.16 3.4 28.8 – – –

 1 ................................................................... 3.82 2.6 25.1 3.81 2.6 25.1 – – –

 2 ................................................................... 4.29 5.1 31.8 4.29 5.1 31.8 – – –

 3 ................................................................... 4.10 4.3 28.0 4.10 4.3 28.0 – – –

 4 ................................................................... 5.23 7.9 28.6 5.23 7.9 28.6 – – –

 5 ................................................................... 6.72 36.4 33.1 4.37 24.3 32.2 – – –

Cooks ................................................................. 8.67 1.1 34.2 8.56 1.2 34.4 9.45 1.8 32.6

 1 ................................................................... 6.90 4.3 31.3 6.37 1.9 31.3 8.57 7.2 31.0

See footnotes at end of table.

81
Table 2-4. Selected occupations1 and levels:2 Mean hourly earnings3 and weekly hours, private industry and State and local

government, National Compensation Survey,4 1998–Continued

Occupation and level

Total Private industry State and local

 government

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

Mean hours

Relative

error5

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error5

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error5

(percent)

Service –Continued

Food service –Continued

Cooks –Continued

 2 ................................................................... $7.27 1.8 31.6 $7.13 1.9 32.1 $8.11 2.4 29.0

 3 ................................................................... 8.21 1.3 33.8 8.08 1.5 33.8 9.05 1.6 33.7

 4 ................................................................... 9.29 1.8 36.1 9.20 1.9 36.2 10.27 2.8 35.0

 5 ................................................................... 10.66 2.4 37.3 10.43 2.6 37.9 12.28 5.4 33.4

 6 ................................................................... 11.90 3.5 40.8 11.87 3.7 41.0 – – –

 7 ................................................................... 13.14 5.0 40.0 12.92 5.4 40.0 – – –

 8 ................................................................... 19.18 5.8 42.7 19.18 5.8 42.7 – – –

Not able to be leveled .................................... 12.81 16.2 21.4 – – – – – –

Food counter, fountain, and related ................... 6.12 1.3 25.8 6.06 1.3 25.9 7.60 2.9 23.1

 1 ................................................................... 5.84 1.1 24.8 5.81 1.1 25.0 7.27 3.0 19.4

 2 ................................................................... 6.45 3.1 24.7 6.40 3.2 24.7 7.24 7.8 24.9

 3 ................................................................... 6.40 3.6 30.4 6.26 4.0 30.9 8.19 5.7 25.0

 4 ................................................................... 7.55 4.8 29.7 7.55 4.8 29.7 – – –

Kitchen workers, food preparation ..................... 7.57 1.2 30.1 7.49 1.3 30.1 8.05 3.4 29.7

 1 ................................................................... 6.63 1.4 27.1 6.59 1.5 26.6 6.86 4.2 30.1

 2 ................................................................... 7.37 1.7 31.1 7.29 1.9 31.9 7.79 5.4 27.5

 3 ................................................................... 8.02 1.6 31.0 7.97 1.7 31.2 8.56 4.8 28.6

 4 ................................................................... 9.48 3.3 35.6 9.28 3.9 34.4 10.04 7.0 39.2

 5 ................................................................... 12.36 13.0 33.9 12.03 15.0 37.7 – – –

Waiters’/Waitresses’ assistants ......................... 5.68 2.2 27.7 5.64 2.2 27.7 10.19 9.6 25.3

 1 ................................................................... 5.36 1.8 27.2 5.36 1.8 27.2 – – –

 2 ................................................................... 6.10 6.8 30.7 5.89 6.9 30.8 – – –

 3 ................................................................... 6.66 8.3 27.0 6.66 8.3 27.0 – – –

Food preparation, n.e.c. ..................................... 6.85 1.3 29.8 6.56 .8 30.2 8.70 1.8 27.4

 1 ................................................................... 6.47 .7 29.8 6.38 .9 30.3 7.61 2.0 25.4

 2 ................................................................... 6.97 2.2 28.7 6.55 2.0 29.2 8.72 4.1 26.7

 3 ................................................................... 8.11 2.2 29.8 7.55 2.6 30.0 9.27 2.7 29.5

 4 ................................................................... 10.49 4.7 38.0 9.67 2.9 38.9 12.72 9.6 35.9

 5 ................................................................... 11.21 8.8 39.4 – – – – – –

Health service ........................................................ 8.77 .8 33.7 8.37 .8 33.1 10.58 1.8 36.7

 1 ................................................................... 7.25 1.8 30.6 7.24 2.1 30.2 7.28 3.1 33.7

 2 ................................................................... 7.69 1.2 33.6 7.50 1.2 33.0 8.90 3.9 37.1

 3 ................................................................... 8.43 1.1 33.0 8.13 1.1 32.6 10.16 2.1 35.8

 4 ................................................................... 9.77 1.4 34.8 9.52 1.4 34.4 10.72 2.8 36.2

 5 ................................................................... 11.63 2.1 35.9 10.99 2.2 34.6 12.46 3.4 37.9

 6 ................................................................... 13.16 3.9 37.3 13.23 5.2 36.3 13.02 4.9 39.3

 7 ................................................................... 15.73 4.8 36.8 14.10 7.8 29.6 16.26 5.7 40.0

 8 ................................................................... 16.42 5.6 33.9 16.42 5.6 33.9 – – –

Not able to be leveled .................................... 11.71 4.1 37.7 11.58 4.0 37.7 – – –

Dental assistants ............................................... 10.26 3.7 36.3 10.46 4.2 35.1 9.68 7.9 40.0

 4 ................................................................... 11.01 4.4 38.8 11.31 4.0 38.5 – – –

 5 ................................................................... 9.89 4.5 40.0 – – – – – –

Health aides, except nursing ............................. 9.79 1.4 33.5 9.33 1.6 32.5 11.16 2.6 37.1

 1 ................................................................... 7.53 3.9 29.1 7.62 3.9 29.1 – – –

 2 ................................................................... 8.16 2.3 31.4 7.83 2.5 30.6 9.85 5.6 36.9

 3 ................................................................... 8.88 1.9 32.9 8.52 1.8 32.2 10.31 3.5 35.8

 4 ................................................................... 10.43 1.6 35.8 10.25 1.8 34.9 10.91 3.7 38.5

 5 ................................................................... 11.48 3.2 34.7 11.36 2.9 33.6 11.64 6.4 36.3

 6 ................................................................... 13.64 5.1 37.9 14.02 6.5 37.0 13.16 6.1 39.2

 7 ................................................................... 14.92 4.5 36.9 14.40 10.6 32.9 – – –

 8 ................................................................... 16.65 6.2 32.8 16.65 6.2 32.8 – – –

Not able to be leveled .................................... 11.59 4.5 39.0 11.76 4.3 39.0 – – –

Nursing aides, orderlies and attendants ............ 8.49 .8 33.7 8.13 .8 33.2 10.36 2.4 36.4

 1 ................................................................... 7.11 2.2 31.4 7.04 2.6 30.8 7.44 3.1 34.2

 2 ................................................................... 7.63 1.2 33.9 7.45 1.3 33.4 8.73 4.5 37.2

 3 ................................................................... 8.35 1.3 33.1 8.06 1.2 32.7 10.13 2.4 35.8

 4 ................................................................... 9.51 1.8 34.4 9.27 1.8 34.2 10.63 3.9 35.0

 5 ................................................................... 11.84 2.6 37.0 10.69 3.4 35.3 13.22 1.7 39.3

 6 ................................................................... 12.07 5.1 35.8 12.05 6.1 35.1 – – –

 7 ................................................................... 16.24 7.0 39.0 13.71 12.2 34.5 16.71 8.0 40.0

See footnotes at end of table.

82
Table 2-4. Selected occupations1 and levels:2 Mean hourly earnings3 and weekly hours, private industry and State and local

government, National Compensation Survey,4 1998–Continued

Occupation and level

Total Private industry State and local

 government

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

Mean hours

Relative

error5

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error5

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error5

(percent)

Service –Continued

Health service –Continued

Nursing aides, orderlies and attendants

–Continued

Not able to be leveled .................................... $11.94 8.8 35.3 – – – – – –

Cleaning and building service ................................ 9.03 .9 35.1 $8.34 1.1 34.0 $10.77 1.2 38.3

 1 ................................................................... 7.63 1.6 32.8 7.36 1.9 32.0 8.89 2.2 36.8

 2 ................................................................... 8.62 1.5 34.7 8.22 1.8 33.3 9.54 2.0 38.2

 3 ................................................................... 10.14 1.5 37.9 9.20 1.7 37.1 11.24 2.1 39.0

 4 ................................................................... 10.03 7.6 39.3 9.22 6.6 39.4 12.17 1.8 39.1

 5 ................................................................... 12.65 1.9 39.6 12.07 2.5 39.5 13.44 2.6 39.9

 6 ................................................................... 13.25 3.3 40.1 13.05 3.8 40.1 13.88 6.2 39.9

 7 ................................................................... 16.61 2.5 40.0 16.11 2.8 39.9 16.88 5.3 40.0

 8 ................................................................... 18.43 4.8 40.5 19.30 5.5 40.5 15.64 4.3 40.6

 9 ................................................................... 26.79 3.4 39.6 – – – – – –

Not able to be leveled .................................... 22.00 18.8 38.5 15.90 23.1 36.9 – – –

Supervisors, cleaning and building service

workers ............................................................ 11.15 10.4 39.6 10.04 9.5 39.6 14.93 3.6 39.9

 2 ................................................................... 8.27 2.1 40.0 7.36 5.5 40.0 – – –

 3 ................................................................... 9.01 7.2 38.1 8.72 8.9 37.7 10.11 5.4 39.8

 4 ................................................................... – – – – – – 11.97 3.6 39.7

 5 ................................................................... 12.35 3.3 39.6 11.98 4.1 39.6 12.91 4.9 39.7

 6 ................................................................... 13.10 5.4 40.1 12.62 5.6 40.2 15.23 5.9 39.8

 7 ................................................................... 16.94 3.1 40.0 15.78 3.1 39.9 17.61 5.8 40.0

 8 ................................................................... 18.43 4.8 40.5 19.30 5.5 40.5 15.64 4.3 40.6

 9 ................................................................... 26.79 3.4 39.6 – – – – – –

Maids and housemen ........................................ 7.52 1.9 34.9 7.49 2.0 34.8 8.25 6.1 36.6

 1 ................................................................... 7.19 2.8 35.6 7.18 2.9 35.6 7.40 6.3 35.5

 2 ................................................................... 7.52 1.8 32.3 7.48 1.8 32.0 8.01 9.1 38.2

 3 ................................................................... 8.63 3.0 36.4 8.45 2.9 36.4 12.15 7.5 36.8

 4 ................................................................... 11.20 7.1 38.1 11.11 7.4 38.1 – – –

Janitors and cleaners ......................................... 9.09 1.1 34.5 8.34 1.5 32.8 10.47 1.3 38.2

 1 ................................................................... 7.77 1.9 31.9 7.43 2.4 30.8 8.98 2.1 36.9

 2 ................................................................... 8.95 1.7 35.4 8.55 2.3 33.9 9.64 2.3 38.2

 3 ................................................................... 10.46 1.6 38.2 9.51 1.9 37.2 11.27 2.2 39.0

 4 ................................................................... 11.50 1.7 38.9 10.82 2.7 38.7 12.13 1.9 39.0

 5 ................................................................... 13.01 2.2 39.6 12.13 2.9 39.3 14.11 3.3 40.0

 6 ................................................................... 13.32 4.4 40.0 13.49 4.6 40.0 13.04 8.6 40.0

 7 ................................................................... 15.75 2.8 40.0 17.64 4.8 39.8 15.04 1.6 40.0

Not able to be leveled .................................... 15.85 21.2 37.2 15.90 23.1 36.9 – – –

Pest control ........................................................ 12.36 8.5 40.0 12.73 9.3 40.0 – – –

Personal service .................................................... 9.27 1.8 29.6 9.22 2.4 30.0 9.49 2.4 28.2

 1 ................................................................... 5.79 6.6 27.2 5.48 6.3 28.5 7.61 5.2 21.3

 2 ................................................................... 6.42 5.3 28.6 6.07 4.3 29.1 8.13 2.4 26.8

 3 ................................................................... 8.08 1.7 30.0 7.72 1.9 30.1 8.84 2.7 29.7

 4 ................................................................... 10.28 2.6 32.5 10.16 3.0 32.5 10.69 5.4 32.7

 5 ................................................................... 16.39 7.5 27.9 17.51 9.0 26.4 12.36 3.5 34.8

 6 ................................................................... 12.90 4.2 30.6 13.00 4.7 30.7 12.20 4.6 30.5

 7 ................................................................... – – – – – – 15.18 7.7 37.9

 8 ................................................................... 17.67 5.4 38.9 16.61 5.3 39.2 – – –

Not able to be leveled .................................... 11.77 13.5 32.3 11.18 6.7 34.5 12.65 30.2 29.5

Supervisors, personal service ............................ 16.56 1.3 38.7 – – – 15.04 7.6 32.9

 3 ................................................................... 8.88 2.2 19.7 8.77 4.2 27.2 – – –

 4 ................................................................... 9.18 7.2 37.6 8.61 8.0 37.2 – – –

 5 ................................................................... 9.74 4.5 36.7 9.68 4.7 37.8 – – –

 6 ................................................................... 13.42 3.4 38.5 13.61 3.5 39.4 11.14 6.3 30.3

 8 ................................................................... 18.40 5.6 40.3 17.98 6.7 41.0 – – –

Hairdressers and cosmetologists

 2 ................................................................... 5.84 5.4 27.7 – – – – – –

Attendants, amusement, and recreation

facilities ............................................................ 6.20 5.1 30.1 6.03 4.6 30.9 7.42 2.9 24.9

 1 ................................................................... 5.83 2.4 24.3 5.76 3.5 26.6 6.01 1.4 20.1

 2 ................................................................... – – – – – – 6.85 3.0 26.5

See footnotes at end of table.

83
Table 2-4. Selected occupations1 and levels:2 Mean hourly earnings3 and weekly hours, private industry and State and local

government, National Compensation Survey,4 1998–Continued

Occupation and level

Total Private industry State and local

 government

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

Mean hours

Relative

error5

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error5

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error5

(percent)

Service –Continued

Personal service –Continued

Attendants, amusement, and recreation

facilities –Continued

 3 ................................................................... $6.82 4.8 30.9 $6.68 5.4 32.8 $7.55 4.3 23.8

 4 ................................................................... 7.91 7.9 33.4 7.17 6.7 33.3 9.81 2.0 33.4

 5 ................................................................... 7.70 13.2 32.4 7.55 14.1 33.5 – – –

Guides ............................................................... 9.40 3.5 30.5 9.02 3.9 31.5 12.32 10.8 24.6

 1 ................................................................... 7.42 3.3 25.7 7.62 3.7 27.6 – – –

 3 ................................................................... 7.41 6.5 29.8 7.52 6.7 31.2 – – –

 6 ................................................................... 14.15 9.4 33.8 – – – – – –

Ushers ............................................................... 6.55 5.1 19.3 6.56 5.2 19.9 6.33 1.7 4.4

 1 ................................................................... 5.99 4.8 15.6 5.98 4.9 16.2 – – –

 2 ................................................................... 6.29 9.2 16.9 6.29 9.2 16.9 – – –

 3 ................................................................... 7.27 2.4 20.2 7.28 2.5 20.8 – – –

Public transportation attendants ........................ 25.24 6.1 21.1 26.41 6.2 20.3 13.66 11.9 34.9

 1 ................................................................... 8.43 7.4 28.3 8.36 18.0 23.6 – – –

 2 ................................................................... 7.59 1.8 32.5 – – – – – –

 3 ................................................................... 10.76 11.0 33.4 9.96 20.4 32.4 – – –

 4 ................................................................... 21.10 4.0 22.0 21.55 4.0 20.8 – – –

 6 ................................................................... 17.68 6.0 26.0 17.68 6.0 26.0 – – –

Baggage porters and bellhops ........................... 7.19 6.4 35.6 7.19 6.4 35.6 – – –

 1 ................................................................... 5.56 7.8 35.5 5.56 7.8 35.5 – – –

 2 ................................................................... 5.55 7.2 36.9 5.55 7.2 36.9 – – –

 3 ................................................................... 9.00 8.5 34.7 9.00 8.5 34.7 – – –

Welfare service aides ........................................ 7.55 4.9 28.1 7.12 5.2 27.0 9.38 6.4 34.3

 1 ................................................................... 5.40 1.3 26.0 5.38 1.6 25.4 – – –

 2 ................................................................... 6.59 4.1 22.7 6.39 4.0 22.0 8.12 6.2 31.8

 3 ................................................................... 8.17 2.8 31.5 7.93 3.0 30.9 8.87 6.0 33.4

 4 ................................................................... 9.45 3.4 33.7 8.96 2.4 34.1 11.77 5.0 32.1

 5 ................................................................... 11.94 6.5 36.9 10.01 5.4 36.6 13.36 8.7 37.2

 6 ................................................................... 12.53 6.5 33.4 13.48 4.9 31.8 – – –

Early childhood teachers’ assistants .................. 8.12 1.8 29.1 7.07 2.1 27.0 8.86 2.7 30.8

 1 ................................................................... 7.21 4.9 21.5 5.77 1.1 19.0 8.22 2.7 23.7

 2 ................................................................... 7.39 3.1 29.8 6.54 3.0 28.4 8.21 4.4 31.2

 3 ................................................................... 8.20 2.8 30.1 6.78 1.9 26.8 8.97 3.3 32.2

 4 ................................................................... 8.98 5.8 33.5 8.42 3.6 33.3 9.31 9.0 33.6

 5 ................................................................... 12.46 8.5 32.8 – – – – – –

 6 ................................................................... 11.00 9.0 29.2 10.08 16.3 25.3 – – –

 7 ................................................................... 8.29 10.0 33.9 – – – – – –

Child care workers, n.e.c. .................................. 8.51 2.3 26.2 7.93 2.1 28.6 9.45 4.3 23.2

 1 ................................................................... 6.80 3.2 16.6 6.58 6.1 18.5 7.03 3.1 15.0

 2 ................................................................... 8.00 3.8 23.8 6.87 3.4 24.8 8.96 2.7 23.0

 3 ................................................................... 7.95 5.0 28.8 7.42 3.6 29.9 8.60 9.6 27.6

 4 ................................................................... 8.95 4.0 31.6 8.19 2.7 33.4 11.43 5.5 26.9

 5 ................................................................... 9.70 6.5 34.1 9.02 6.4 34.2 11.71 6.0 34.0

 6 ................................................................... 9.35 5.0 26.6 8.95 5.0 28.2 – – –

 7 ................................................................... 12.27 7.2 40.0 – – – – – –

 8 ................................................................... 18.16 23.5 38.0 – – – – – –

See footnotes at end of table.

84
Table 2-4. Selected occupations1 and levels:2 Mean hourly earnings3 and weekly hours, private industry and State and local

government, National Compensation Survey,4 1998–Continued

Occupation and level

Total Private industry State and local

 government

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

Mean hours

Relative

error5

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error5

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error5

(percent)

Service –Continued

Personal service –Continued

Service, n.e.c. .................................................... $7.54 11.2 31.5 $7.09 11.5 31.8 $11.12 4.0 29.7

 1 ................................................................... 5.50 11.2 33.0 5.27 9.6 33.3 10.34 8.5 28.1

 2 ................................................................... 7.10 2.7 27.3 7.01 2.8 28.2 7.79 6.8 21.9

 3 ................................................................... 8.59 2.4 28.7 8.50 2.6 29.1 9.60 3.9 24.9

 4 ................................................................... 10.24 3.6 34.3 9.83 4.0 34.0 11.42 5.9 35.0

 5 ................................................................... 10.86 5.6 35.1 10.20 7.6 34.6 12.08 3.6 36.0

 6 ................................................................... 13.15 14.7 26.5 13.15 15.0 26.4 – – –

 7 ................................................................... 14.60 11.0 31.7 12.09 11.6 29.1 – – –

 8 ................................................................... 12.67 13.4 27.7 12.67 13.4 27.7 – – –

Not able to be leveled .................................... 16.94 20.3 25.6 12.93 7.2 30.1 – – –

1 A classification system including about 480 individual occupations is used to cover all

workers in the civilian economy. For more information, see appendix B. 2 Each occupation for which data are collected in an establishment is evaluated based

on 10 factors, including knowledge, complexity, work environment, etc. Points are assigned

based on the occupation’s rank within each factor. The points are summed to determine the

overall level of the occupation. See appendixes C and D for more information. 3 Earnings are the straight-time hourly wages or salaries paid to employees. They

include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard pay. Excluded are premium

pay for overtime, vacations, and holidays; nonproduction bonuses; and tips. The mean is

computed by totaling the pay of all workers and dividing by the number of workers,

weighted by hours. 4 This survey covers all 50 States. Collection was conducted between July 1997 and

April 1999. The average reference period was August 1998. 5 The relative standard error (RSE) is the standard error expressed as a percent of the

estimate. It can be used to calculate a "confidence interval" around a sample estimate. For

more information about RSEs, see appendix A.

NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or that data did not meet publication

criteria. Occupational groups may include data for levels not shown separately.

85
Table 2-5. Collective bargaining status:1 Mean hourly earnings 2 by occupational group,3 National

Compensation Survey,4 1998

Occupational group

Total Private industry State and local

government

Union Nonunion Union Nonunion Union Nonunion

Mean

All ......................................................................... $17.76 $15.10 $15.81 $14.77 $20.44 $17.01

White collar ..................................................... 21.85 18.91 19.30 18.79 22.99 19.42

White collar excluding sales ..................... 22.58 19.78 21.36 19.85 23.02 19.47

Professional specialty and technical ............. 28.27 22.88 28.98 23.19 28.09 22.03

Professional specialty ............................... 28.79 24.94 27.06 25.71 29.08 23.20

Technical .................................................. 25.20 16.55 31.72 16.91 16.16 14.45

Executive, administrative, and managerial ... 23.58 28.13 27.71 28.64 23.21 25.76

Sales ............................................................. 11.12 13.48 10.92 13.50 15.20 10.40

Administrative support, including clerical ...... 13.93 11.60 15.22 11.68 13.09 11.18

Blue collar ....................................................... 15.81 11.39 15.73 11.34 16.33 12.31

Precision production, craft, and repair .......... 18.91 15.14 19.03 15.22 18.30 14.38

Machine operators, assemblers, and

inspectors ................................................... 14.44 10.32 14.42 10.32 15.86 9.77

Transportation and material moving ............. 16.62 11.68 16.96 11.77 15.47 11.10

Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and

laborers ....................................................... 12.19 8.63 11.97 8.57 13.70 9.84

Service ............................................................. 14.02 8.14 10.31 7.49 16.38 11.16

Protective service ......................................... 19.19 11.07 11.83 8.47 19.70 13.95

Food service ................................................. 8.75 6.54 8.06 6.42 10.43 8.41

Health service ............................................... 10.45 8.27 9.20 8.19 12.44 8.82

Cleaning and building service ....................... 11.20 8.10 10.23 7.80 12.30 9.26

Personal service ........................................... 13.86 8.43 16.78 8.41 10.89 8.58

Relative error5 (percent)

All ......................................................................... 0.9 0.6 1.3 0.7 0.7 0.9

White collar ..................................................... .9 .6 2.1 .7 .9 .7

White collar excluding sales ..................... .9 .6 2.3 .7 .9 .6

Professional specialty and technical ............. 1.1 .6 3.6 .7 1.0 .7

Professional specialty ............................... 1.0 .6 4.5 .7 .9 .8

Technical .................................................. 4.7 .8 5.8 .9 2.6 1.8

Executive, administrative, and managerial ... 2.7 .7 8.4 .9 2.8 1.0

Sales ............................................................. 2.6 4.0 2.7 4.0 4.3 6.5

Administrative support, including clerical ...... .9 .5 1.4 .6 .9 .9

Blue collar ....................................................... 1.5 .6 1.7 .6 1.2 1.3

Precision production, craft, and repair .......... 2.2 .8 2.6 .9 1.7 1.7

Machine operators, assemblers, and

inspectors ................................................... 2.1 1.1 2.2 1.1 6.8 5.5

Transportation and material moving ............. 1.6 .9 1.9 1.0 1.7 1.6

Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and

laborers ....................................................... 2.0 .7 2.3 .7 2.3 2.4

Service ............................................................. 1.4 .5 2.3 .6 1.3 1.3

Protective service ......................................... 1.4 1.4 8.1 1.6 1.3 2.3

Food service ................................................. 2.2 .8 2.8 .9 1.8 1.5

Health service ............................................... 2.4 .7 2.8 .7 1.5 2.2

Cleaning and building service ....................... 2.2 .8 3.7 .9 1.5 1.4

Personal service ........................................... 4.8 1.6 7.6 2.4 3.6 2.3

1 Union workers are those whose wages are determined through

collective bargaining. 2 Earnings are the straight-time hourly wages or salaries paid to

employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and

hazard pay. Excluded are premium pay for overtime, vacations, and

holidays; nonproduction bonuses; and tips. The mean is computed by

totaling the pay of all workers and dividing by the number of workers,

weighted by hours. 3 A classification system including about 480 individual occupations is

used to cover all workers in the civilian economy. For more information,

see appendix B. 4 This survey covers all 50 States. Collection was conducted between

July 1997 and April 1999. The average reference period was August

1998. 5 The relative standard error (RSE) is the standard error expressed as

a percent of the estimate. It can be used to calculate a "confidence

interval" around a sample estimate. For more information about RSEs,

see appendix A.

86
Table 2-6. Time and incentive pay:1 Mean hourly earnings2 and weekly hours by occupational

group3 in private industry, National Compensation Survey,4 1998

Occupational group

Time Incentive

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

Mean hours

Relative

error5

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error5

(percent)

All ......................................................................... $14.84 0.6 36.4 $17.14 2.7 38.6

White collar ..................................................... 18.70 .7 36.8 21.44 3.6 37.4

White collar excluding sales ..................... 19.93 .7 37.7 21.98 7.9 37.5

Professional specialty and technical ............. 23.60 .7 36.7 31.39 26.1 38.1

Professional specialty ............................... 25.75 .7 36.8 34.42 28.9 38.1

Technical .................................................. 18.48 1.4 36.6 18.70 5.5 38.2

Executive, administrative, and managerial ... 28.50 .9 40.5 34.92 6.1 42.4

Sales ............................................................. 11.07 3.0 32.0 21.27 3.8 37.4

Administrative support, including clerical ...... 12.00 .6 37.3 12.10 6.2 35.0

Blue collar ....................................................... 12.74 .7 38.4 13.25 2.6 40.2

Precision production, craft, and repair .......... 16.55 1.2 39.8 17.70 2.8 40.8

Machine operators, assemblers, and

inspectors ................................................... 11.65 .9 39.6 10.88 5.4 39.4

Transportation and material moving ............. 13.54 1.4 38.1 15.10 2.1 44.4

Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and

laborers ....................................................... 9.49 .7 35.7 10.77 3.5 33.4

Service ............................................................. 7.83 .6 31.8 9.37 3.6 34.0

Protective service ......................................... 8.74 1.7 35.0 – – –

Food service ................................................. 6.54 .8 30.1 8.54 13.7 33.2

Health service ............................................... 8.37 .8 33.1 – – –

Cleaning and building service ....................... 8.33 1.1 34.0 11.03 10.9 36.2

Personal service ........................................... 9.21 2.5 29.8 – – –

1 Wages of time workers are based solely on hourly rate or

salary; incentive workers are those whose wages are at least

partially based on productivity payments such as piece rates,

commissions, and production bonuses. 2 Earnings are the straight-time hourly wages or salaries paid

to employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living

adjustments, and hazard pay. Excluded are premium pay for

overtime, vacations, and holidays; nonproduction bonuses; and

tips. The mean is computed by totaling the pay of all workers

and dividing by the number of workers, weighted by hours. 3 A classification system including about 480 individual

occupations is used to cover all workers in the civilian economy.

For more information, see appendix B. 4 This survey covers all 50 States. Collection was conducted

between July 1997 and April 1999. The average reference period

was August 1998. 5 The relative standard error (RSE) is the standard error

expressed as a percent of the estimate. It can be used to

calculate a "confidence interval" around a sample estimate. For

more information about RSEs, see appendix A.

NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or that data

did not meet publication criteria. 

87
88

Chapter 3.

Establishment characteristics

While the previous chapter concentrates on the characteristics of the worker, chapter 3 focuses on thecharacteristics of the establishment. Earnings are

presented by industry and establishment size. Table 3-1 separates earnings in goods-producing industries from earnings

in service-producing industries. Table 3-2 provides data by

major industry division. Earnings by establishment employment size are presented in tables 3-3, 3-4, and 3-5.

Industry

Private sector earnings averaged $16.00 per hour in goodsproducing industries and $14.40 in service-producing industries.5 In goods-producing industries, white-collar workers earned an average of $22.90, compared with $17.74 for

their counterparts in service-producing industries. In goodsproducing industries, blue-collar workers averaged $13.02,

and service workers, $11.24; in service-producing industries, these averages were $12.28 and $7.76, respectively.

Earnings in major industry divisions in goods-producing

industries averaged $22.97 in mining, $17.42 in construction, and $15.76 in manufacturing. Major industry divisions

in service-producing industries include transportation and

public utilities, with average hourly earnings of $19.01, and

finance, insurance, and real estate, with average hourly earnings of $19.14. Average hourly earnings in other major industry divisions in service-producing industries include

$16.25 in wholesale trade, $10.07 in retail trade, and $14.13

in services.

Establishment size

Average hourly earnings tended to increase with establishment size. In establishments with 50 to 99 workers, average

hourly earnings were $13.04, compared with $14.21 in

establishments with 100 to 499 workers, and $16.45 in

establishments with 500 to 999 workers. Average hourly

earnings were $16.51 in establishments with 1,000 to 2,499

workers, and $20.07 in establishments with 2,500 or more

workers. (See table 3-3.) In private industry, average hourly

earnings ranged from $12.96 in establishments with 50 to

99 workers to $21.05 in establishments with 2,500 workers

or more; in State and local government establishments, the

comparable range was from $14.40 to $19.27. (See tables

3-4 and 3-5.)

Among occupational groups, average hourly earnings for

employees in the largest establishments tended to be greater

than earnings of employees in the smallest establishments.

In private industry, for example, white-collar workers in

establishments with 50 to 99 workers had average hourly

earnings of $16.78, while those in establishments with 2,500

or more workers had average hourly earnings of $23.79.

Blue-collar workers in establishments with 50 to 99 workers averaged $11.82 an hour, compared with $18.03 for those

in establishments with 2,500 or more workers; for comparable service workers, average hourly earnings were $6.67

and $11.32, respectively. (See table 3-4.)

5 Discussion of goods-producing and service-producing industries pertains

to private sector establishments only, because NCS State and local government data do not permit separate estimates for these industry breaks.
Table 3-1. Goods-producing and service-producing industries: Mean hourly earnings1 and

weekly hours by occupational group2 in private industry, National Compensation Survey,3 1998

Occupational group

Goods-producing industries Service-producing industries

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

Mean hours

Relative

error4

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error4

(percent)

All ......................................................................... $16.00 0.8 39.8 $14.40 0.7 35.0

White collar ..................................................... 22.90 .8 39.9 17.74 .8 36.1

White collar excluding sales ..................... 22.90 .8 40.0 19.02 .8 37.0

Professional specialty and technical ............. 25.65 .8 40.0 22.93 1.0 35.7

Professional specialty ............................... 28.41 .8 40.1 24.86 1.0 35.7

Technical .................................................. 18.62 .9 39.8 18.43 1.8 35.7

Executive, administrative, and managerial ... 30.17 1.8 40.9 27.94 1.1 40.3

Sales ............................................................. 22.91 3.1 39.1 12.56 3.7 32.6

Administrative support, including clerical ...... 13.04 1.1 39.1 11.76 .7 36.9

Blue collar ....................................................... 13.02 .9 39.8 12.28 1.0 36.4

Precision production, craft, and repair .......... 16.37 1.7 40.0 17.09 1.1 39.5

Machine operators, assemblers, and

inspectors ................................................... 11.88 1.0 39.8 8.85 1.8 37.6

Transportation and material moving ............. 13.96 2.1 39.9 13.66 1.5 38.4

Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and

laborers ....................................................... 10.17 1.2 39.4 8.98 1.1 33.1

Service ............................................................. 11.24 2.2 38.8 7.76 .6 31.6

Protective service ......................................... 12.89 3.6 38.3 8.56 1.8 34.9

Food service ................................................. 10.95 13.1 39.4 6.53 .8 30.1

Health service ............................................... – – – 8.37 .8 33.1

Cleaning and building service ....................... 10.91 2.5 38.9 8.07 1.2 33.5

Personal service ........................................... 10.43 8.6 39.7 9.21 2.4 30.0

1 Earnings are the straight-time hourly wages or salaries paid

to employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living

adjustments, and hazard pay. Excluded are premium pay for

overtime, vacations, and holidays; nonproduction bonuses; and

tips. The mean is computed by totaling the pay of all workers

and dividing by the number of workers, weighted by hours. 2 A classification system including about 480 individual

occupations is used to cover all workers in the civilian economy.

For more information, see appendix B. 3 This survey covers all 50 States. Collection was conducted

between July 1997 and April 1999. The average reference period

was August 1998. 4 The relative standard error (RSE) is the standard error

expressed as a percent of the estimate. It can be used to

calculate a "confidence interval" around a sample estimate. For

more information about RSEs, see appendix A.

NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or that data

did not meet publication criteria. 

89
Table 3-2. Major industry division: Mean hourly earnings1 and weekly hours by occupational group2 in private

industry, National Compensation Survey,3 1998

Occupational group

Mining Construction Manufacturing

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

Mean hours

Relative

error4

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error4

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error4

(percent)

All ..................................................... $22.97 3.5 40.3 $17.42 1.4 39.9 $15.76 0.9 39.8

White collar ................................. 30.89 3.3 40.3 22.08 2.3 40.5 22.79 .8 39.9

White collar excluding sales 30.88 3.4 40.3 21.81 2.6 40.6 22.80 .8 39.9

Professional specialty and

technical ................................. 35.83 3.7 40.2 25.59 4.1 41.2 25.41 .8 40.0

Professional specialty ........... 38.77 3.6 40.2 27.93 4.0 41.5 28.14 .8 40.1

Technical .............................. 22.30 3.0 40.0 17.11 7.2 39.8 18.59 .9 39.8

Executive, administrative, and

managerial .............................. 35.27 4.3 40.9 27.41 2.8 41.7 30.34 2.1 40.8

Sales ......................................... 31.22 5.5 40.0 25.66 6.8 39.2 22.64 3.3 39.1

Administrative support,

including clerical ..................... 15.09 3.0 39.7 12.61 2.1 38.9 13.04 1.1 39.1

Blue collar ................................... 17.82 4.8 40.3 16.18 1.5 39.7 12.63 .9 39.8

Precision production, craft, and

repair ...................................... 19.69 3.2 40.3 17.88 1.6 39.6 15.84 2.0 40.0

Machine operators,

assemblers, and inspectors .... 15.81 8.5 39.7 12.53 7.1 39.7 11.87 1.0 39.8

Transportation and material

moving .................................... 15.71 10.8 41.2 15.91 5.0 40.0 13.45 2.2 39.8

Handlers, equipment cleaners,

helpers, and laborers .............. 12.11 17.7 39.1 11.56 2.7 39.8 9.96 1.3 39.4

Service ......................................... 12.88 10.5 38.4 11.48 7.3 36.0 11.23 2.2 38.9

Protective service ..................... – – – – – – 12.97 3.7 38.3

Food service ............................. – – – – – – 10.95 13.1 39.4

Health service ........................... – – – – – – – – –

Cleaning and building service ... 12.93 14.9 37.7 11.56 10.9 34.1 10.89 2.5 39.0

Personal service ....................... – – – – – – 10.27 8.8 39.7

See footnotes at end of table.

90
Table 3-2. Major industry division: Mean hourly earnings1 and weekly hours by occupational group2 in private

industry, National Compensation Survey,3 1998–Continued

Occupational group

Transportation and public

utilities Wholesale trade Retail trade

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

Mean hours

Relative

error4

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error4

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error4

(percent)

All ..................................................... $19.01 1.2 37.5 $16.25 1.8 39.4 $10.07 1.2 31.2

White collar ................................. 21.19 1.7 37.9 19.64 2.0 39.6 11.88 1.6 32.5

White collar excluding sales 21.20 1.7 37.8 19.33 2.4 39.7 15.37 2.9 37.6

Professional specialty and

technical ................................. 30.78 3.8 35.6 24.79 3.5 40.2 21.09 3.5 35.9

Professional specialty ........... 26.94 1.9 39.6 27.75 2.9 40.3 22.81 3.6 35.5

Technical .............................. 34.95 6.9 32.1 17.69 5.7 39.8 15.88 7.2 37.1

Executive, administrative, and

managerial .............................. 27.55 1.5 40.4 30.37 3.1 41.2 25.05 4.9 42.4

Sales ......................................... 21.10 5.1 39.5 20.40 3.7 39.3 10.38 1.5 30.8

Administrative support,

including clerical ..................... 14.51 1.3 37.9 12.18 1.7 38.9 10.19 1.3 36.0

Blue collar ................................... 16.58 1.4 38.6 12.15 2.0 39.3 10.37 1.4 32.4

Precision production, craft, and

repair ...................................... 20.33 1.1 39.9 14.56 4.7 39.9 15.81 1.8 39.6

Machine operators,

assemblers, and inspectors .... 16.20 5.2 39.8 10.39 2.7 39.9 9.60 4.3 35.5

Transportation and material

moving .................................... 15.32 2.1 40.1 13.59 2.5 40.0 9.94 3.6 34.9

Handlers, equipment cleaners,

helpers, and laborers .............. 12.70 2.2 33.1 10.39 2.6 38.3 8.05 1.4 29.6

Service ......................................... 20.42 6.0 24.4 10.53 6.8 34.5 6.51 1.1 28.3

Protective service ..................... 15.97 13.7 38.5 9.91 7.2 28.8 9.93 4.4 29.6

Food service ............................. 9.09 10.7 33.6 7.00 9.6 31.6 6.26 1.2 27.9

Health service ........................... – – – – – – 8.26 2.6 31.7

Cleaning and building service ... 10.87 7.2 37.1 11.81 7.4 36.8 7.78 2.4 31.8

Personal service ....................... 23.22 6.3 22.1 9.67 6.1 32.2 7.92 2.8 31.5

See footnotes at end of table.

91
Table 3-2. Major industry division: Mean hourly earnings1 and weekly hours by

occupational group2 in private industry, National Compensation Survey,3

1998–Continued

Occupational group

Finance, insurance, and real

estate Services

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

Mean hours

Relative

error4

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error4

(percent)

All ..................................................... $19.14 1.8 37.7 $14.13 1.0 35.3

White collar ................................. 19.73 1.8 38.0 18.43 1.0 36.3

White collar excluding sales 19.05 1.6 38.0 19.02 1.1 36.3

Professional specialty and

technical ................................. 25.93 1.9 38.6 21.99 1.1 35.4

Professional specialty ........... 28.13 2.2 38.9 24.44 1.2 35.1

Technical .............................. 20.85 1.9 37.9 15.85 1.2 36.0

Executive, administrative, and

managerial .............................. 29.71 2.0 39.6 27.23 1.6 40.1

Sales ......................................... 30.18 9.2 37.5 10.87 12.6 35.5

Administrative support,

including clerical ..................... 12.28 1.1 37.1 10.93 1.0 36.3

Blue collar ................................... 12.95 5.4 37.6 9.82 1.8 36.8

Precision production, craft, and

repair ...................................... 16.44 5.5 38.9 14.96 2.3 38.8

Machine operators,

assemblers, and inspectors .... 11.20 14.0 39.3 7.95 2.1 37.0

Transportation and material

moving .................................... 9.12 6.9 30.5 10.39 4.9 34.1

Handlers, equipment cleaners,

helpers, and laborers .............. 10.38 14.2 37.8 7.83 1.5 36.5

Service ......................................... 9.14 3.3 33.3 7.90 .6 33.2

Protective service ..................... 10.81 4.9 31.8 8.31 2.1 35.4

Food service ............................. 8.18 12.4 29.0 6.88 .9 33.9

Health service ........................... 7.94 8.4 31.3 8.37 .8 33.1

Cleaning and building service ... 9.03 4.5 37.8 7.97 1.4 33.4

Personal service ....................... 7.79 5.3 28.3 8.07 3.3 30.8

1 Earnings are the straight-time hourly wages or

salaries paid to employees. They include incentive pay,

cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard pay. Excluded

are premium pay for overtime, vacations, and holidays;

nonproduction bonuses; and tips. The mean is

computed by totaling the pay of all workers and dividing

by the number of workers, weighted by hours. 2 A classification system including about 480

individual occupations is used to cover all workers in the

civilian economy. For more information, see appendix B.

3 This survey covers all 50 States. Collection was

conducted between July 1997 and April 1999. The

average reference period was August 1998. 4 The relative standard error (RSE) is the standard

error expressed as a percent of the estimate. It can be

used to calculate a "confidence interval" around a

sample estimate. For more information about RSEs, see

appendix A.

NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or

that data did not meet publication criteria. 

92
Table 3-3. United States, establishment employment size: Mean hourly earnings1 by

occupational group,2 National Compensation Survey,3 1998

Occupational group 50-99

workers

100-499

workers

500-999

workers

1,000-2,499

workers

2,500 or

more

workers

Mean

All ......................................................................... $13.04 $14.21 $16.45 $16.51 $20.07

White collar ..................................................... 16.80 17.77 20.44 20.20 22.20

White collar excluding sales ..................... 17.84 18.76 20.80 21.28 22.29

Professional specialty and technical ............. 21.15 22.49 24.39 24.60 25.80

Professional specialty ............................... 23.29 24.82 26.69 26.28 26.72

Technical .................................................. 15.90 16.34 16.20 17.81 21.52

Executive, administrative, and managerial ... 26.98 27.10 28.44 29.52 27.87

Sales ............................................................. 13.84 13.40 13.91 – 16.74

Administrative support, including clerical ...... 11.37 11.56 12.10 12.50 12.82

Blue collar ....................................................... 11.82 12.00 12.95 14.73 17.14

Precision production, craft, and repair .......... 15.86 16.13 15.62 17.52 18.91

Machine operators, assemblers, and

inspectors ................................................... 9.72 10.56 11.79 14.25 17.92

Transportation and material moving ............. 12.55 13.23 14.62 15.60 15.21

Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and

laborers ....................................................... 8.86 9.33 10.30 10.44 12.77

Service ............................................................. 6.93 8.54 10.18 9.45 14.10

Protective service ......................................... 10.18 11.55 13.51 13.55 18.64

Food service ................................................. 6.13 6.98 7.78 6.51 8.73

Health service ............................................... 7.43 8.21 9.36 9.49 10.65

Cleaning and building service ....................... 7.62 8.41 10.17 8.92 10.75

Personal service ........................................... 7.24 8.30 8.32 9.18 13.35

Relative error4 (percent)

All ......................................................................... 1.1 0.7 1.4 7.3 0.6

White collar ..................................................... 1.6 1.0 1.2 4.7 .6

White collar excluding sales ..................... 1.7 1.0 1.2 1.3 .6

Professional specialty and technical ............. 2.8 1.1 1.2 1.2 .7

Professional specialty ............................... 3.4 1.3 1.2 1.1 .6

Technical .................................................. 2.3 1.5 1.6 2.1 3.1

Executive, administrative, and managerial ... 2.5 1.1 3.2 1.8 1.1

Sales ............................................................. 3.0 2.8 4.4 – 6.8

Administrative support, including clerical ...... 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.3 .7

Blue collar ....................................................... 1.1 .8 2.2 2.9 .9

Precision production, craft, and repair .......... 1.4 1.2 4.7 3.0 1.0

Machine operators, assemblers, and

inspectors ................................................... 1.6 1.3 2.0 2.5 1.2

Transportation and material moving ............. 2.0 1.6 2.6 4.1 1.8

Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and

laborers ....................................................... 1.4 1.0 3.1 5.7 1.9

Service ............................................................. 1.2 1.0 2.2 7.9 1.8

Protective service ......................................... 6.4 2.9 5.4 6.8 1.5

Food service ................................................. 1.0 1.0 3.0 8.6 2.7

Health service ............................................... 1.8 1.0 3.3 2.1 1.7

Cleaning and building service ....................... 1.6 1.2 3.6 2.5 1.9

Personal service ........................................... 2.0 1.9 5.0 2.5 6.8

1 Earnings are the straight-time hourly wages or salaries paid

to employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living

adjustments, and hazard pay. Excluded are premium pay for

overtime, vacations, and holidays; nonproduction bonuses; and

tips. The mean is computed by totaling the pay of all workers and

dividing by the number of workers, weighted by hours. 2 A classification system including about 480 individual

occupations is used to cover all workers in the civilian economy.

For more information, see appendix B. 3 This survey covers all 50 States. Collection was conducted

between July 1997 and April 1999. The average reference period

was August 1998. 4 The relative standard error (RSE) is the standard error

expressed as a percent of the estimate. It can be used to

calculate a "confidence interval" around a sample estimate. For

more information about RSEs, see appendix A.

93
Table 3-4. Private Industry, establishment employment size: Mean hourly earnings1 by

occupational group,2 National Compensation Survey,3 1998

Occupational group 50-99

workers

100-499

workers

500-999

workers

1,000-2,499

workers

2,500 or

more

workers

Mean

All ......................................................................... $12.96 $13.82 $15.82 $15.81 $21.05

White collar ..................................................... 16.78 17.37 20.01 19.55 23.79

White collar excluding sales ..................... 17.91 18.45 20.43 21.00 24.02

Professional specialty and technical ............. 21.29 21.86 23.44 24.11 27.20

Professional specialty ............................... 23.91 24.42 26.38 26.14 27.87

Technical .................................................. 16.00 16.65 16.58 18.30 25.28

Executive, administrative, and managerial ... 27.41 27.39 28.76 30.22 31.74

Sales ............................................................. 13.85 13.41 14.10 – 17.29

Administrative support, including clerical ...... 11.43 11.61 12.26 12.65 13.21

Blue collar ....................................................... 11.82 11.93 12.89 14.75 18.03

Precision production, craft, and repair .......... 15.91 16.14 15.66 17.73 20.11

Machine operators, assemblers, and

inspectors ................................................... 9.72 10.55 11.79 14.26 18.05

Transportation and material moving ............. 12.73 13.25 14.79 16.26 16.40

Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and

laborers ....................................................... 8.80 9.24 10.24 10.22 12.96

Service ............................................................. 6.67 7.73 8.30 8.09 11.32

Protective service ......................................... 8.22 7.84 8.72 9.44 13.44

Food service ................................................. 6.12 6.86 7.59 – 8.27

Health service ............................................... 7.43 8.15 8.57 9.22 9.78

Cleaning and building service ....................... 7.52 8.09 9.19 8.37 10.13

Personal service ........................................... 7.21 8.22 7.63 – 15.68

Relative error4 (percent)

All ......................................................................... 1.2 0.8 1.6 9.3 1.1

White collar ..................................................... 1.7 1.1 1.4 6.3 1.0

White collar excluding sales ..................... 1.8 1.1 1.4 1.7 1.0

Professional specialty and technical ............. 3.2 1.4 1.6 1.5 1.2

Professional specialty ............................... 3.9 1.7 1.6 1.3 .8

Technical .................................................. 2.4 1.6 1.8 2.5 4.1

Executive, administrative, and managerial ... 2.6 1.1 3.8 2.2 1.7

Sales ............................................................. 3.0 2.8 4.5 – 7.6

Administrative support, including clerical ...... 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.6 .9

Blue collar ....................................................... 1.1 1.0 2.3 3.2 1.0

Precision production, craft, and repair .......... 1.4 1.3 5.3 3.5 .9

Machine operators, assemblers, and

inspectors ................................................... 1.6 1.3 2.1 2.5 1.2

Transportation and material moving ............. 2.0 1.8 4.1 5.2 2.9

Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and

laborers ....................................................... 1.4 1.1 3.3 6.1 2.7

Service ............................................................. .9 .7 2.1 4.2 3.8

Protective service ......................................... 8.1 1.7 3.0 2.4 4.9

Food service ................................................. 1.0 1.1 3.7 – 4.5

Health service ............................................... 1.9 1.1 3.4 2.4 1.6

Cleaning and building service ....................... 1.9 1.4 6.1 1.9 3.5

Personal service ........................................... 2.2 2.1 4.7 – 11.3

1 Earnings are the straight-time hourly wages or salaries paid

to employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living

adjustments, and hazard pay. Excluded are premium pay for

overtime, vacations, and holidays; nonproduction bonuses; and

tips. The mean is computed by totaling the pay of all workers and

dividing by the number of workers, weighted by hours. 2 A classification system including about 480 individual

occupations is used to cover all workers in the civilian economy.

For more information, see appendix B. 3 This survey covers all 50 States. Collection was conducted

between July 1997 and April 1999. The average reference period

was August 1998. 4 The relative standard error (RSE) is the standard error

expressed as a percent of the estimate. It can be used to

calculate a "confidence interval" around a sample estimate. For

more information about RSEs, see appendix A.

NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or that data

did not meet publication criteria. 

94
Table 3-5. State and local government, establishment employment size: Mean hourly earnings1

by occupational group,2 National Compensation Survey,3 1998

Occupational group 50-99

workers

100-499

workers

500-999

workers

1,000-2,499

workers

2,500 or

more

workers

Mean

All ......................................................................... $14.40 $17.59 $18.83 $18.65 $19.27

White collar ..................................................... 17.11 20.29 21.69 21.86 20.98

White collar excluding sales ..................... 17.13 20.34 21.80 21.91 21.01

Professional specialty and technical ............. 20.36 24.36 26.07 25.41 24.78

Professional specialty ............................... 20.91 25.73 27.10 26.47 26.02

Technical .................................................. 13.60 13.68 13.56 15.64 15.63

Executive, administrative, and managerial ... 21.03 24.66 26.76 27.04 24.60

Sales ............................................................. 10.14 10.57 10.15 13.66 13.24

Administrative support, including clerical ...... 10.44 11.14 11.56 12.03 12.54

Blue collar ....................................................... 11.90 13.76 13.72 14.60 15.40

Precision production, craft, and repair .......... 14.49 16.09 15.33 16.38 17.05

Machine operators, assemblers, and

inspectors ................................................... – 11.25 11.75 12.82 14.85

Transportation and material moving ............. 10.21 13.07 13.62 13.67 14.55

Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and

laborers ....................................................... 10.63 11.56 10.95 12.14 12.52

Service ............................................................. 10.55 12.75 13.55 12.77 15.32

Protective service ......................................... 13.10 15.91 16.68 15.77 19.05

Food service ................................................. 7.80 8.73 8.99 9.53 9.27

Health service ............................................... 7.43 9.35 11.27 10.22 11.55

Cleaning and building service ....................... 8.91 10.17 11.90 10.25 11.08

Personal service ........................................... 7.54 8.80 9.77 9.28 10.23

Relative error4 (percent)

All ......................................................................... 3.6 1.3 1.7 2.0 0.7

White collar ..................................................... 3.6 1.5 1.7 1.6 .8

White collar excluding sales ..................... 3.6 1.5 1.7 1.6 .8

Professional specialty and technical ............. 5.0 1.9 2.1 1.7 .9

Professional specialty ............................... 5.2 1.6 2.0 1.8 .9

Technical .................................................. 3.4 2.1 2.6 2.6 1.9

Executive, administrative, and managerial ... 5.6 3.4 2.5 2.3 1.6

Sales ............................................................. 8.6 6.6 10.4 10.4 6.8

Administrative support, including clerical ...... 3.0 1.6 1.7 1.6 .9

Blue collar ....................................................... 4.7 2.4 2.0 2.4 1.6

Precision production, craft, and repair .......... 6.7 2.6 3.2 3.6 2.1

Machine operators, assemblers, and

inspectors ................................................... – 13.5 7.1 7.5 8.5

Transportation and material moving ............. 3.0 3.3 2.7 3.2 2.3

Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and

laborers ....................................................... 8.7 3.2 2.7 3.8 3.5

Service ............................................................. 7.3 2.5 2.8 3.0 1.6

Protective service ......................................... 8.3 2.6 3.7 7.0 1.5

Food service ................................................. 7.6 3.5 4.0 2.1 2.4

Health service ............................................... 6.5 5.1 2.6 2.7 2.7

Cleaning and building service ....................... 2.5 2.2 2.7 2.9 2.0

Personal service ........................................... 7.2 5.7 8.5 2.5 3.2

1 Earnings are the straight-time hourly wages or salaries paid

to employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living

adjustments, and hazard pay. Excluded are premium pay for

overtime, vacations, and holidays; nonproduction bonuses; and

tips. The mean is computed by totaling the pay of all workers and

dividing by the number of workers, weighted by hours. 2 A classification system including about 480 individual

occupations is used to cover all workers in the civilian economy.

For more information, see appendix B. 3 This survey covers all 50 States. Collection was conducted

between July 1997 and April 1999. The average reference period

was August 1998. 4 The relative standard error (RSE) is the standard error

expressed as a percent of the estimate. It can be used to

calculate a "confidence interval" around a sample estimate. For

more information about RSEs, see appendix A.

NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or that data

did not meet publication criteria. 

95
96

Chapter 4.

Geographic areas

This chapter presents occupational earnings data for

the following geographic designations: Metropolitan and nonmetropolitan areas (tables 4-1 and 4-2);

the 10 largest metropolitan areas (table 4-3); 77 selected metropolitan areas—pay relatives (table 4-4); and 9 census

divisions (tables 4-5 to 4-14).

Metropolitan and nonmetropolitan areas6

Workers in metropolitan areas had average hourly earnings

of $16.40, higher than the average of $12.31 for their

nonmetropolitan area counterparts. The same pattern was

found for private industry workers and State and local government workers. (See table 4-1.)

White-collar workers in metropolitan areas earned an

average of $19.93 per hour, compared with $15.65 for whitecollar workers in nonmetropolitan areas. In metropolitan areas, average hourly earnings were $13.31 for blue-collar

workers and $9.90 for service workers; in nonmetropolitan

areas these averages were $11.36 and $8.20, respectively.

(See table 4-2.)

The pattern of higher wages for most workers in metropolitan areas holds when the data are viewed by establishment characteristics and census region.

Ten largest metropolitan areas

Earnings data for the 10 largest metropolitan areas in terms

of employment size are shown in table 4-3. Average hourly

earnings for all workers ranged from $16.30 in Dallas-Fort

Worth to $20.72 in San Francisco-Oakland-San Jose. Survey

timing accounts for part of the earnings differences among

the 10 areas. For example, the average payroll reference

month was March 1998 for the Washington-Baltimore survey, while it was February 1999 for the PhiladelphiaWilmington-Atlantic City survey. The average payroll reference month for national estimates was August 1998.

Pay relatives

The Bureau has developed measures to facilitate pay comparisons among major metropolitan areas. These pay relatives, or ratios of pay, express an area’s average pay as a

percent of adjusted7 national pay. In other words, an area’s

relative pay is calculated by dividing the figure for a particular area by the corresponding national figure, and then multiplying by 100. For example, the pay relative of 95 for the

Atlanta, GA, area indicates that pay rates for that locality

were 5 percent below the national average. (See table 4-4.8 )

Nine census divisions9

Pay varied across the nine census divisions. Average hourly

earnings ranged from $11.87 in the East South Central

census division to $18.10 in the Middle Atlantic census

division. In all nine regions, State and local government workers had higher average hourly earnings than did private industry workers, and workers in metropolitan areas had higher

average hourly earnings than did their nonmetropolitan counterparts.10 (See tables 4-5 to 4-14.)

White-collar earnings ranged from $15.05 in the East South

Central division to $22.06 in the Middle Atlantic

division. Blue-collar earnings ranged from $11.43 in the East

South Central division to $13.86 in the East North Central

division. Earnings for service occupations ranged from $7.63

in the East South Central division to $11.67 in the Middle

Atlantic division.

6 The NCS uses the Office of Management and Budget’s (OMB) definition

of areas. For more information see Appendix A.

7 The national data were adjusted to correspond with each locality’s month

of reference. 8While pay relatives are adjusted to account for differences in the survey

reference periods among areas, they are not adjusted for differences in the

industrial and occupational mix across areas. Users should keep this limitation in mind when comparing pay relatives across areas. 9 The nine census divisions consist of New England, Middle Atlantic, East

North Central, West North Central, South Atlantic, East South Central, West

South Central, Mountain and Pacific. For a list of the States in each division,

see Appendix E.

10 The metropolitan-nonmetropolitan differences for the Mountain

region, however, were not statistically significant.
Table 4-1. Summary, metropolitan and nonmetropolitan areas:1 Mean hourly earnings2 and weekly hours by selected

characteristics, National Compensation Survey,3 1998

Worker and establishment characteristics

and geographic areas

Total Metropolitan areas Nonmetropolitan areas

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

Mean hours

Relative

error4

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error4

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error4

(percent)

Total ........................................................... $15.72 0.5 36.5 $16.40 0.6 36.4 $12.31 1.2 37.1

Private industry ....................................... 14.95 .6 36.5 15.67 .7 36.3 11.16 1.3 37.2

State and local government .................... 18.59 .6 36.6 19.23 .6 36.6 15.90 1.8 36.6

Worker characteristics:5

White-collar occupations6 ....................... 19.39 .5 36.7 19.93 .6 36.7 15.65 1.5 36.9

Professional specialty and technical ... 24.10 .6 36.4 24.58 .6 36.4 20.76 1.0 36.3

Executive, administrative, and 

managerial ........................................ 27.78 .7 40.0 28.35 .7 40.1 22.56 2.6 39.7

Sales ................................................... 13.28 3.6 33.0 14.12 1.9 32.6 9.10 5.4 35.3

Administrative support ........................ 12.00 .5 37.0 12.23 .5 37.0 10.41 2.1 37.5

Blue-collar occupations6 ......................... 12.90 .6 38.5 13.31 .6 38.4 11.36 2.2 38.9

Precision production, craft, and repair 16.58 1.0 39.8 17.14 .6 39.8 14.09 3.9 40.0

Machine operators, assemblers, and

inspectors ......................................... 11.59 .9 39.6 11.96 .9 39.5 10.49 2.3 39.7

Transportation and material moving ... 13.72 1.1 37.9 13.85 1.0 38.1 13.01 4.2 37.2

Handlers, equipment cleaners,

helpers, and laborers ........................ 9.69 .7 35.9 9.84 .8 35.5 9.17 2.1 37.2

Service occupations6 .............................. 9.52 .7 33.0 9.90 1.0 32.6 8.20 1.5 34.6

Full time .................................................. 16.40 .5 39.6 17.17 .6 39.6 12.64 1.3 39.7

Part time ................................................. 9.25 1.0 21.1 9.37 1.1 21.1 8.50 1.4 20.9

Union ...................................................... 17.76 .9 36.9 18.14 .7 36.7 15.18 4.6 38.0

Nonunion ................................................ 15.10 .6 36.4 15.84 .7 36.3 11.70 1.3 36.9

Time ........................................................ 15.66 .5 36.4 16.33 .5 36.3 12.34 1.1 37.0

Incentive ................................................. 17.14 2.7 38.6 17.91 2.7 38.4 11.21 7.8 40.0

Establishment characteristics:

Goods producing7 .................................. 16.00 .8 39.8 17.00 .8 39.8 12.37 2.1 40.0

Service producing7 ................................. 14.40 .7 35.0 15.05 .8 34.9 10.12 1.1 35.2

50-99 workers8 ....................................... 13.04 1.1 35.2 13.48 1.3 35.1 11.14 2.0 35.2

100-499 workers ..................................... 14.21 .7 36.3 14.66 .8 36.3 12.19 1.6 36.6

500-999 workers ..................................... 16.45 1.4 37.3 16.94 1.2 37.1 14.55 3.8 38.2

1,000-2,499 workers ............................... 16.51 7.3 36.8 18.25 1.1 36.3 11.30 17.1 38.5

2,500 workers or more ............................ 20.07 .6 37.3 20.09 .6 37.2 18.96 4.6 39.7

Geographic areas:9

New England .......................................... 17.38 1.4 35.1 17.75 1.2 35.2 14.75 3.6 34.2

Middle Atlantic ........................................ 18.10 1.5 35.8 18.39 1.6 35.7 13.58 1.6 36.2

East North Central .................................. 16.08 .8 36.2 16.55 .8 36.2 13.55 1.3 36.5

West North Central ................................. 14.85 1.6 36.5 15.83 2.4 36.5 12.10 2.3 36.4

South Atlantic ......................................... 14.40 1.0 37.1 14.89 .7 37.0 12.00 4.4 37.7

East South Central ................................. 11.87 2.3 37.7 13.88 2.2 36.9 9.97 4.3 38.6

West South Central ................................ 14.62 1.8 37.2 14.86 2.1 37.2 13.08 5.6 37.1

Mountain ................................................. 14.58 2.7 36.4 14.73 3.4 36.5 13.99 3.3 36.0

Pacific ..................................................... 17.86 1.3 36.2 18.04 1.3 36.2 14.96 2.8 35.6

1 Metropolitan areas can be a Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA) or

Consolidated Metropolitan Statistical Area (CMSA) as defined by the Office of

Management and Budget, 1994. Nonmetropolitan areas are counties that do not fit

the definitions above. For more information, see appendix E. 2 Earnings are the straight-time hourly wages or salaries paid to employees.

They include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard pay. Excluded

are premium pay for overtime, vacations, and holidays; nonproduction bonuses;

and tips. The mean is computed by totaling the pay of all workers and dividing by

the number of workers, weighted by hours. 3 This survey covers all 50 States. Collection was conducted between July

1997 and April 1999. The average reference period was August 1998. 4 The relative standard error (RSE) is the standard error expressed as a

percent of the estimate. It can be used to calculate a "confidence interval" around a

sample estimate. For more information about RSEs, see appendix A. 5 Employees are classified as working either a full-time or a part-time schedule

based on the definition used by each establishment. Union workers are those

whose wages are determined through collective bargaining. Wages of time workers

are based solely on hourly rate or salary; incentive workers are those whose wages

are at least partially based on productivity payments such as piece rates,

commissions, and production bonuses. 6 A classification system including about 480 individual occupations is used to

cover all workers in the civilian economy. See appendix B for more information. 7 Classification of establishments into goods-producing and service-producing

industries applies to private industry only. 8 Establishments classified with 50-99 workers may contain establishments

with fewer than 50 workers due to reduction in staff from the time of sampling to

data collection. 9 See appendix E for a list of survey areas and States comprising the 9 census

area divisions.

97
Table 4-2. United States: Mean hourly earnings1 and weekly hours by metropolitan and nonmetropolitan areas2 for selected

occupations, National Compensation Survey,3 1998

Occupation4

Total Metropolitan Nonmetropolitan

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

Mean hours

Relative

error5

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error5

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error5

(percent)

All ................................................................................................ $15.72 0.5 36.5 $16.40 0.6 36.4 $12.31 1.2 37.1

All excluding sales ............................................................... 15.89 .5 36.8 16.56 .6 36.7 12.54 1.2 37.2

White collar ............................................................................ 19.39 .5 36.7 19.93 .6 36.7 15.65 1.5 36.9

White collar excluding sales ............................................ 20.27 .5 37.3 20.72 .6 37.3 16.97 1.4 37.3

Professional specialty and technical ............................... 24.10 .6 36.4 24.58 .6 36.4 20.76 1.0 36.3

Professional specialty ...................................................... 25.90 .5 36.3 26.35 .6 36.3 22.75 1.1 36.2

Engineers, architects, and surveyors ........................... 28.97 .7 40.3 29.33 .6 40.3 24.67 4.5 40.3

Architects ................................................................. 25.85 5.7 40.1 25.76 5.7 40.1 – – –

Aerospace engineers ............................................... 30.96 2.5 40.1 30.96 2.5 40.1 – – –

Metallurgical and materials engineers ..................... 27.28 5.0 40.2 27.28 5.0 40.2 – – –

Mining engineers ..................................................... 32.66 7.6 33.3 32.66 7.6 33.3 – – –

Petroleum engineers ................................................ 43.02 4.4 40.5 42.71 5.0 40.6 – – –

Chemical engineers ................................................. 33.37 2.2 40.0 33.20 2.9 40.0 – – –

Nuclear engineers .................................................... 34.60 2.1 40.6 34.40 2.4 40.6 – – –

Civil engineers ......................................................... 27.69 2.3 40.1 28.00 2.3 40.0 23.74 5.6 41.2

Electrical and electronic engineers .......................... 30.35 1.1 40.3 30.47 1.1 40.4 25.38 10.7 40.0

Industrial engineers ................................................. 25.26 2.4 40.6 25.74 1.2 40.6 23.64 9.2 40.5

Mechanical engineers .............................................. 26.26 1.2 40.2 26.41 1.3 40.3 24.89 4.8 40.0

Marine engineers and naval architects .................... 30.54 5.7 41.3 32.03 4.5 41.5 – – –

Engineers, n.e.c. ...................................................... 30.11 1.2 40.3 30.54 .9 40.3 20.76 7.3 40.0

Surveyors and mapping scientists ........................... 21.13 4.9 40.1 21.80 5.4 40.1 – – –

Mathematical and computer scientists ......................... 27.95 1.5 40.0 28.07 1.6 40.0 24.39 10.4 39.7

Computer systems analysts and scientists .............. 27.89 1.3 40.1 28.09 1.3 40.1 21.58 5.7 39.6

Operations and systems researchers and analysts 28.56 6.8 39.6 28.27 7.3 39.6 – – –

Actuaries .................................................................. 27.38 9.2 39.4 27.38 9.2 39.4 – – –

Statisticians .............................................................. 23.77 8.4 38.0 23.97 8.8 37.9 – – –

Mathematical scientists, n.e.c. ................................. 24.88 8.2 38.8 24.88 8.2 38.8 – – –

Natural scientists ......................................................... 25.48 1.7 39.6 25.89 1.7 39.6 20.31 4.3 39.9

Physicists and astronomers ..................................... 37.74 7.7 40.4 37.74 7.7 40.4 – – –

Chemists, except biochemists ................................. 28.62 3.4 40.0 28.62 3.4 40.0 – – –

Atmospheric and space scientists ........................... 22.91 15.0 41.3 22.91 15.0 41.3 – – –

Geologists and geodesists ....................................... 30.68 6.3 40.4 31.42 6.3 40.5 – – –

Physical scientists, n.e.c. ......................................... 26.56 2.4 39.9 26.86 2.5 39.9 – – –

Agricultural and food scientists ................................ 22.48 8.5 39.6 22.06 9.2 39.5 – – –

Biological and life scientists ..................................... 21.66 7.3 39.2 21.79 7.9 39.1 – – –

Forestry and conservation scientists ....................... 20.34 3.5 40.1 21.20 8.0 40.7 – – –

Medical scientists ..................................................... 23.14 4.8 38.6 23.35 4.8 38.6 – – –

Health related .............................................................. 22.56 1.0 34.2 22.81 1.1 34.1 20.96 2.6 34.4

Physicians ................................................................ 38.55 5.4 39.6 36.21 5.5 39.5 61.90 7.8 41.3

Dentists .................................................................... 34.36 8.6 29.4 34.36 8.6 29.4 – – –

Optometrists ............................................................ 38.60 6.1 37.7 34.76 5.8 36.0 – – –

Health diagnosing practitioners, n.e.c. ..................... 19.82 12.7 33.9 19.82 12.7 33.9 – – –

Registered nurses .................................................... 20.86 .7 33.5 21.36 .8 33.4 18.00 1.3 33.8

Pharmacists ............................................................. 27.35 1.9 34.8 27.56 2.0 35.1 25.43 3.2 31.9

Dietitians .................................................................. 16.70 1.8 36.9 16.99 1.5 36.6 – – –

Respiratory therapists .............................................. 17.76 1.6 34.4 17.90 1.7 34.1 16.74 3.6 37.1

Occupational therapists ........................................... 23.08 2.9 34.1 22.94 3.2 33.7 – – –

Physical therapists ................................................... 23.92 2.3 34.4 24.70 2.4 33.7 19.83 6.1 38.3

Speech therapists .................................................... 23.46 6.6 33.8 23.00 7.6 34.3 25.87 6.7 31.6

Therapists, n.e.c. ..................................................... 16.51 3.1 37.0 16.73 3.4 37.3 15.09 5.4 35.2

Physicians’ assistants .............................................. 26.36 4.1 38.3 25.90 4.8 37.9 – – –

Teachers, college and university ................................. 33.82 1.5 34.1 34.54 1.6 33.8 29.69 3.2 36.0

Earth, environmental, and marine science teachers 33.84 10.4 36.5 34.38 13.5 35.5 – – –

Biological science teachers ..................................... 33.80 8.1 36.5 36.06 8.3 33.1 – – –

Chemistry teachers .................................................. 31.61 7.3 40.4 32.38 9.8 38.6 – – –

Physics teachers ...................................................... 47.49 7.0 37.1 49.76 6.4 36.5 – – –

Natural science teachers, n.e.c. .............................. 38.48 6.3 38.8 38.73 6.5 38.7 – – –

Psychology teachers ................................................ 32.26 6.4 33.5 32.16 6.6 33.3 – – –

Economics teachers ................................................ 46.28 11.2 43.1 51.65 5.9 39.2 – – –

History teachers ....................................................... 32.36 5.4 36.6 33.01 5.9 36.9 – – –

Political science teachers ........................................ 33.60 6.2 37.2 34.26 6.8 36.9 – – –

Sociology teachers .................................................. 36.75 8.3 34.6 37.47 8.7 35.3 – – –

Social science teachers, n.e.c. ................................ 32.95 7.2 37.3 33.84 8.3 37.8 – – –

See footnotes at end of table.

98
Table 4-2. United States: Mean hourly earnings1 and weekly hours by metropolitan and nonmetropolitan areas2 for selected

occupations, National Compensation Survey,3 1998–Continued

Occupation4

Total Metropolitan Nonmetropolitan

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

Mean hours

Relative

error5

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error5

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error5

(percent)

White collar –Continued

Professional specialty and technical –Continued

Professional specialty –Continued

Teachers, college and university –Continued

Engineering teachers ............................................... $38.51 12.0 37.5 $41.93 13.4 33.4 – – –

Mathematical science teachers ............................... 33.59 6.2 33.3 34.79 6.8 33.3 – – –

Computer science teachers ..................................... 25.48 11.3 30.5 25.41 13.6 29.5 $25.80 7.1 36.0

Medical science teachers ........................................ 44.51 5.8 38.9 44.58 6.1 38.8 – – –

Health specialities teachers ..................................... 33.96 7.5 36.8 34.51 7.7 37.1 26.47 6.3 33.5

Business, commerce, and marketing teachers ........ 35.50 6.5 34.8 35.63 7.4 35.0 34.59 6.5 33.8

Agriculture and forestry teachers ............................. 42.82 26.4 35.5 – – – 45.72 26.3 34.8

Art, drama, and music teachers ............................... 29.29 2.9 31.9 27.99 2.6 31.9 36.70 11.9 32.0

Physical education teachers .................................... 25.28 8.7 33.4 24.85 9.9 33.9 – – –

Education teachers .................................................. 31.19 9.1 35.1 31.29 11.2 34.5 30.80 6.0 38.0

English teachers ...................................................... 32.60 4.8 33.1 33.35 5.2 33.0 27.75 6.5 33.6

Foreign language teachers ...................................... 26.29 13.4 33.2 31.68 4.0 28.9 – – –

Law teachers ........................................................... 58.19 8.2 35.9 58.19 8.2 35.9 – – –

Social work teachers ................................................ 25.91 7.4 32.7 25.91 7.4 32.7 – – –

Theology teachers ................................................... 35.46 4.2 39.1 36.94 3.5 39.0 – – –

Trade and industrial teachers .................................. 27.22 3.3 32.4 25.83 5.7 27.0 28.23 2.6 37.8

Home economics teachers ...................................... 29.92 14.9 30.4 – – – – – –

Teachers, post secondary, subject not specified ..... 33.48 7.2 32.1 36.47 6.9 32.0 25.88 7.9 32.2

Teachers, post secondary, n.e.c. ............................. 31.26 1.9 31.5 31.46 2.0 31.9 28.79 6.2 27.2

Teachers, except college and university ...................... 26.82 .8 34.6 27.62 .8 34.2 23.68 1.1 36.1

Prekindergarten and kindergarten ........................... 21.09 3.9 35.1 20.72 4.4 35.0 23.94 2.9 36.1

Elementary school teachers .................................... 27.72 .9 36.1 28.76 1.0 35.7 23.73 1.3 37.8

Secondary school teachers ..................................... 27.86 1.2 36.7 29.07 1.3 36.5 24.14 1.6 37.6

Teachers, special education .................................... 28.18 1.9 35.5 29.02 2.0 35.2 23.79 2.9 37.0

Teachers, n.e.c. ....................................................... 26.51 2.6 30.8 26.98 2.6 30.1 24.43 6.4 34.3

Substitute teachers .................................................. 10.00 3.5 16.1 10.26 3.3 17.1 8.66 13.9 12.4

Vocational and educational counselors ................... 24.78 3.8 36.5 25.11 4.4 36.4 23.19 5.0 37.2

Librarians, archivists, and curators .............................. 21.39 2.2 36.5 21.75 2.1 36.8 19.13 9.0 35.1

Librarians ................................................................. 21.53 2.3 36.5 21.87 2.1 36.7 19.54 9.2 35.1

Archivists and curators ............................................ 20.33 7.7 37.1 20.89 7.8 37.2 – – –

Social scientists and urban planners ........................... 23.65 3.0 36.7 23.83 3.2 36.5 21.17 6.6 39.2

Economists .............................................................. 25.93 3.8 39.8 26.19 3.8 39.8 – – –

Psychologists ........................................................... 23.81 5.0 34.6 23.95 5.4 34.2 22.45 7.0 38.9

Sociologists .............................................................. 17.54 3.2 39.3 17.54 3.2 39.3 – – –

Social scientists, n.e.c. ............................................ 16.66 10.9 37.7 16.23 11.5 37.5 – – –

Urban planners ........................................................ 22.08 3.5 36.8 22.41 3.4 36.5 – – –

Social, recreation, and religious workers ..................... 15.87 1.3 37.6 16.01 1.4 37.4 14.96 2.6 38.4

Social workers ......................................................... 16.06 1.3 37.8 16.20 1.5 37.7 15.21 2.8 38.9

Recreation workers .................................................. 13.11 3.7 33.4 13.32 3.8 33.5 11.93 12.6 32.7

Clergy ...................................................................... 15.21 15.8 42.2 15.21 15.8 42.2 – – –

Religious workers, n.e.c. .......................................... 20.55 15.8 36.6 20.55 15.8 36.6 – – –

Lawyers and judges ..................................................... 36.62 2.4 40.0 37.00 2.5 40.6 31.47 14.0 33.4

Lawyers ................................................................... 36.30 2.6 40.3 36.90 2.6 40.9 22.02 6.6 30.7

Judges ..................................................................... 42.18 7.0 34.7 40.94 7.8 31.6 43.12 10.2 37.4

Writers, authors, entertainers, athletes, and

professionals, n.e.c. ................................................... 23.92 3.8 36.4 24.31 3.9 36.5 13.92 5.3 33.4

Technical writers ...................................................... 21.50 6.8 38.9 21.57 6.9 38.9 – – –

Designers ................................................................. 22.27 3.9 39.7 22.27 3.9 39.7 – – –

Musicians and composers ....................................... 36.96 20.4 15.4 37.70 20.4 15.5 – – –

Actors and directors ................................................. 33.29 21.2 34.5 33.29 21.2 34.5 – – –

Painters, sculptors, craft artists, and artist

printmakers ............................................................ 25.94 23.5 39.6 26.72 23.8 39.5 – – –

Photographers ......................................................... 17.11 7.1 38.9 17.88 6.2 38.8 – – –

Artists, performers, and related workers, n.e.c. ....... 13.30 9.6 27.1 13.30 9.6 27.1 – – –

Editors and reporters ............................................... 23.14 4.9 38.7 23.18 4.9 38.8 – – –

Public relations specialists ....................................... 20.57 4.9 36.6 21.85 3.5 36.1 14.60 13.2 39.2

Announcers .............................................................. 22.52 21.9 25.7 25.60 20.4 31.1 – – –

Athletes .................................................................... 33.28 40.1 23.9 36.62 42.4 22.8 14.15 10.6 33.2

Professional, n.e.c. .................................................. 25.63 3.1 38.9 25.64 3.1 38.9 – – –

See footnotes at end of table.

99
Table 4-2. United States: Mean hourly earnings1 and weekly hours by metropolitan and nonmetropolitan areas2 for selected

occupations, National Compensation Survey,3 1998–Continued

Occupation4

Total Metropolitan Nonmetropolitan

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

Mean hours

Relative

error5

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error5

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error5

(percent)

White collar –Continued

Professional specialty and technical –Continued

Technical ......................................................................... $17.83 1.2 36.8 $18.43 1.3 36.8 $13.37 2.0 36.6

Clinical laboratory technologists and technicians .... 15.39 1.7 37.2 15.42 1.8 37.0 15.11 5.4 38.8

Dental hygienists ..................................................... 19.86 8.2 35.7 19.91 8.3 35.7 – – –

Health record technologists and technicians ........... 12.17 3.6 34.6 12.69 2.9 34.6 9.85 9.5 34.7

Radiological technicians .......................................... 16.91 1.7 33.5 17.35 1.7 33.3 13.32 2.2 34.8

Licensed practical nurses ........................................ 12.98 .9 34.8 13.62 .9 34.4 11.18 1.1 35.9

Health technologists and technicians, n.e.c. ............ 13.35 1.2 35.0 13.59 1.1 35.3 11.50 4.3 32.7

Electrical and electronic technicians ........................ 18.35 1.8 39.8 18.46 1.8 39.7 16.42 12.5 40.0

Industrial engineering technicians ........................... 18.71 4.6 40.3 17.48 2.1 40.5 – – –

Mechanical engineering technicians ........................ 19.24 4.0 40.1 19.19 4.0 40.1 – – –

Engineering technicians, n.e.c. ................................ 18.80 1.6 39.3 19.13 1.5 39.3 14.79 6.9 39.9

Drafters .................................................................... 18.71 3.9 39.6 19.07 4.0 39.6 15.26 8.4 39.9

Surveying and mapping technicians ........................ 15.92 5.6 39.6 16.00 6.2 39.7 – – –

Biological technicians .............................................. 15.13 4.4 37.1 15.73 4.5 36.8 11.75 11.6 39.5

Chemical technicians ............................................... 17.11 2.3 39.7 17.67 2.3 39.9 – – –

Science technicians, n.e.c. ...................................... 18.18 3.2 38.3 18.40 3.4 38.1 – – –

Airplane pilots and navigators .................................. 79.22 9.4 23.6 87.12 7.6 22.2 – – –

Broadcast equipment operators ............................... 17.82 11.0 35.7 17.82 11.1 35.7 – – –

Computer programmers ........................................... 22.06 1.9 39.5 22.26 1.8 39.5 – – –

Tool programmers, numerical control ...................... 17.32 4.7 40.1 17.32 4.7 40.1 – – –

Legal assistants ....................................................... 17.19 2.6 39.3 17.32 2.7 39.3 – – –

Technical and related, n.e.c. .................................... 18.60 1.7 38.4 18.86 1.7 38.6 15.51 8.7 36.3

Executive, administrative, and managerial ..................... 27.78 .7 40.0 28.35 .7 40.1 22.56 2.6 39.7

Executives, administrators, and managers .................. 31.73 .9 40.3 32.69 .9 40.4 24.25 3.0 39.8

Legislators ............................................................... 15.09 13.3 13.2 15.26 10.6 14.3 14.73 34.4 11.2

Chief executives and general administrators, public

administration ........................................................ 60.36 32.1 39.7 64.67 36.7 40.3 – – –

Administrators and officials, public administration ... 25.80 1.7 39.1 26.90 1.6 39.4 20.75 4.6 37.4

Financial managers ................................................. 32.82 2.3 40.2 33.81 2.2 40.2 24.52 9.0 39.8

Personnel and labor relations managers ................. 32.18 3.1 41.1 33.50 2.4 41.0 22.85 12.0 41.9

Purchasing managers .............................................. 28.91 3.4 41.1 29.82 3.2 41.3 24.23 15.0 40.0

Managers, marketing, advertising, and public

relations ................................................................. 35.26 2.0 40.8 35.52 2.0 40.8 29.38 11.3 39.9

Administrators, education and related fields ............ 31.96 1.7 39.1 32.43 1.9 39.1 29.99 2.7 38.8

Managers, medicine and health ............................... 29.33 2.3 39.7 30.57 2.1 39.6 22.09 7.4 40.1

Managers, food servicing and lodging

establishments ....................................................... 18.24 3.3 42.7 18.78 3.4 42.1 15.22 7.2 45.8

Managers, properties and real estate ...................... 23.18 8.9 40.5 23.18 8.9 40.5 – – –

Funeral directors ...................................................... 25.26 14.3 40.3 25.26 14.3 40.3 – – –

Managers, service organizations, n.e.c. .................. 23.33 11.6 39.6 26.96 3.8 39.6 – – –

Managers and administrators, n.e.c. ....................... 34.38 1.4 41.2 34.85 1.4 41.1 28.45 7.1 43.1

Management related .................................................... 21.88 .8 39.6 22.14 .8 39.6 18.45 3.2 39.5

Accountants and auditors ........................................ 20.38 1.8 39.6 20.82 1.4 39.6 15.23 9.1 39.8

Underwriters ............................................................ 25.67 5.0 39.3 26.20 5.1 39.4 – – –

Other financial officers ............................................. 24.80 3.4 39.8 24.85 3.6 39.9 23.87 8.6 38.7

Management analysts .............................................. 23.54 2.1 40.0 23.61 2.1 40.0 – – –

Personnel, training, and labor relations specialists .. 21.11 2.3 39.7 21.42 1.9 39.7 16.74 16.1 40.0

Purchasing agents and buyers, farm products ........ 18.92 9.5 39.9 20.09 4.5 39.7 – – –

Buyers, wholesale and retail trade, except farm

products ................................................................. 23.20 5.8 40.6 23.18 6.1 40.6 – – –

Purchasing agents and buyers, n.e.c. ..................... 21.84 2.2 39.9 22.06 2.2 39.9 17.58 5.2 39.7

Business and promotional agents ............................ 17.79 5.7 39.7 17.84 6.6 39.7 – – –

Construction inspectors ........................................... 19.97 3.4 39.5 20.22 3.3 39.5 – – –

Inspectors and compliance officers, except

construction ........................................................... 19.23 3.5 38.9 19.45 3.7 39.1 16.26 12.4 36.8

Management related, n.e.c. ..................................... 22.31 1.2 39.4 22.45 1.3 39.4 20.78 5.7 39.7

Sales ................................................................................... 13.28 3.6 33.0 14.12 1.9 32.6 9.10 5.4 35.3

Supervisors, sales ................................................... 20.02 4.0 40.6 20.64 4.3 40.7 15.07 7.8 39.8

Insurance sales ........................................................ 21.59 14.1 36.0 21.65 14.4 35.9 – – –

See footnotes at end of table.

100
Table 4-2. United States: Mean hourly earnings1 and weekly hours by metropolitan and nonmetropolitan areas2 for selected

occupations, National Compensation Survey,3 1998–Continued

Occupation4

Total Metropolitan Nonmetropolitan

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

Mean hours

Relative

error5

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error5

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error5

(percent)

White collar –Continued

Sales –Continued

Real estate sales ..................................................... $35.63 18.1 40.3 $35.94 18.0 40.7 – – –

Securities and financial services sales .................... 37.13 9.6 39.9 37.18 9.6 39.9 – – –

Advertising and related sales ................................... 19.62 6.4 38.3 21.05 3.7 38.0 – – –

Sales, other business services ................................ 19.42 5.6 36.7 20.07 5.2 36.8 – – –

Sales engineers ....................................................... 27.46 4.4 42.3 27.36 4.4 42.2 – – –

Sales representatives, mining, manufacturing, and

wholesale ............................................................... 24.77 3.1 40.9 24.89 3.2 40.7 $23.27 11.7 44.4

Sales workers, motor vehicles and boats ................ 18.96 3.1 45.0 19.10 2.8 44.9 – – –

Sales workers, apparel ............................................ 8.28 4.0 27.1 8.33 4.0 27.0 – – –

Sales workers, shoes ............................................... 9.65 6.6 27.9 9.65 6.6 27.9 – – –

Sales workers, furniture and home furnishings ........ 11.02 11.3 29.7 12.01 9.0 30.4 – – –

Sales workers, radio, tv, hi-fi, and appliances ......... 10.18 6.3 35.4 10.33 6.3 35.2 – – –

Sales workers, hardware and building supplies ....... 10.95 5.3 36.9 11.43 4.7 36.6 – – –

Sales workers, parts ................................................ 14.38 4.6 38.8 14.80 4.5 38.4 – – –

Sales workers, other commodities ........................... 9.69 2.1 29.9 9.84 2.1 29.7 8.08 9.1 32.5

Sales counter clerks ................................................ 8.15 3.1 28.5 8.09 3.2 27.8 8.60 9.6 35.3

Cashiers ................................................................... 7.80 1.3 30.1 7.76 1.1 28.0 – – –

Street and door-to-door sales workers .................... 12.96 11.6 30.0 13.93 9.8 32.2 – – –

News vendors .......................................................... 7.78 11.7 20.9 7.91 13.2 25.9 – – –

Demonstrators, promoters, and models, sales ........ 9.69 7.7 22.1 9.68 7.8 22.1 – – –

Sales support, n.e.c. ................................................ 12.69 3.1 36.3 12.89 3.2 36.5 10.14 7.9 33.6

Administrative support, including clerical ...................... 12.00 .5 37.0 12.23 .5 37.0 10.41 2.1 37.5

Supervisors, general office ...................................... 16.78 1.4 39.6 16.85 1.4 39.5 15.80 6.0 40.0

Supervisors, computer equipment operators ........... 20.72 3.5 39.9 19.74 3.6 39.4 – – –

Supervisors, financial records processing ............... 17.81 1.8 39.5 18.06 1.8 39.7 14.50 6.8 37.0

Chief communications operators ............................. 16.89 6.5 40.3 16.90 7.8 40.4 – – –

Supervisors, distribution, scheduling, and adjusting

clerks ..................................................................... 17.67 3.0 40.1 17.54 2.8 40.0 18.43 10.8 40.5

Computer operators ................................................. 14.08 1.8 39.2 14.15 1.8 39.2 13.17 8.8 38.9

Peripheral equipment operators .............................. 10.27 3.5 38.3 10.24 3.5 38.4 – – –

Secretaries ............................................................... 13.39 .7 38.2 13.65 .7 38.2 11.38 3.0 38.0

Stenographers ......................................................... 14.15 2.6 36.0 14.70 2.5 35.9 10.21 3.0 37.2

Typists ..................................................................... 11.91 1.4 37.1 12.06 1.4 37.0 10.35 5.1 38.7

Interviewers ............................................................. 9.86 1.8 33.9 10.20 1.6 33.5 8.42 3.4 35.6

Hotel clerks .............................................................. 8.58 3.5 36.8 8.66 3.8 37.4 8.12 7.0 33.8

Transportation ticket and reservation agents ........... 11.69 9.9 36.0 13.19 2.7 35.8 – – –

Receptionists ........................................................... 9.22 1.1 35.3 9.40 1.1 35.0 8.08 3.4 37.5

Information clerks, n.e.c. .......................................... 11.77 3.2 36.4 11.85 3.2 36.3 9.33 15.0 40.0

Classified ad clerks .................................................. 10.38 12.9 35.2 11.89 8.4 34.2 – – –

Correspondence clerks ............................................ 11.94 3.3 38.0 11.94 3.3 38.0 – – –

Order clerks ............................................................. 11.94 2.2 37.6 11.99 2.3 37.5 11.10 7.9 39.8

Personnel clerks, except payroll and timekeeping ... 12.71 1.8 38.0 12.81 1.8 37.9 – – –

Library clerks ........................................................... 10.48 1.9 30.0 10.94 1.7 28.9 9.16 4.0 33.7

File clerks ................................................................. 9.08 1.6 35.5 9.17 1.7 35.7 7.50 2.3 32.6

Records clerks, n.e.c. .............................................. 11.07 1.2 37.8 11.51 1.4 37.5 9.14 4.5 39.0

Bookkeepers, accounting and auditing clerks ......... 11.74 .8 38.4 11.90 .8 38.4 11.15 1.9 38.3

Payroll and timekeeping clerks ................................ 12.62 1.8 38.2 12.74 1.7 38.3 11.98 6.9 37.9

Billing clerks ............................................................. 11.00 1.5 38.5 11.25 1.3 38.5 9.60 3.6 38.7

Cost and rate clerks ................................................. 11.76 6.8 39.7 12.83 3.4 39.6 – – –

Billing, posting, and calculating machine operators 10.15 5.1 33.2 10.24 5.1 33.1 – – –

Duplicating machine operators ................................ 9.52 2.4 36.1 9.52 2.4 36.1 – – –

Mail preparing and paper handling machine

operators ................................................................ 9.36 5.0 35.6 9.36 5.0 35.6 – – –

Office machine operators, n.e.c. .............................. 8.71 4.6 36.5 8.75 4.7 36.9 – – –

Telephone operators ................................................ 11.48 3.5 36.2 11.66 3.5 35.9 9.71 9.6 39.9

Communications equipment operators, n.e.c. ......... 10.41 3.9 33.6 10.25 4.3 34.8 – – –

Mail clerks, except postal service ............................ 9.10 3.0 36.1 9.37 2.8 36.5 6.14 11.5 31.5

Messengers ............................................................. 8.92 6.8 36.3 8.99 7.1 36.4 6.89 1.8 34.3

Dispatchers .............................................................. 12.92 3.7 38.3 13.52 4.0 38.1 10.36 8.0 39.1

Production coordinators ........................................... 14.69 1.8 38.9 15.04 1.8 38.9 13.26 3.7 38.9

See footnotes at end of table.

101
Table 4-2. United States: Mean hourly earnings1 and weekly hours by metropolitan and nonmetropolitan areas2 for selected

occupations, National Compensation Survey,3 1998–Continued

Occupation4

Total Metropolitan Nonmetropolitan

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

Mean hours

Relative

error5

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error5

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error5

(percent)

White collar –Continued

Administrative support, including clerical –Continued

Traffic, shipping and receiving clerks ....................... $11.50 3.0 37.8 $11.36 1.3 37.4 $12.11 13.6 39.7

Stock and inventory clerks ....................................... 11.27 1.5 36.2 11.35 1.6 35.9 10.67 4.0 38.5

Meter readers .......................................................... 15.08 3.9 39.5 15.15 4.1 39.5 14.18 9.3 40.0

Weighers, measurers, checkers, and samplers ....... 12.73 5.7 36.3 12.78 5.8 37.7 – – –

Expeditors ................................................................ 13.12 3.0 38.0 13.18 3.1 38.0 – – –

Material recording, scheduling, and distribution

clerks, n.e.c. ........................................................... 11.79 3.3 37.5 11.60 2.7 37.7 13.76 18.0 35.5

Insurance adjusters, examiners, and investigators .. 14.96 2.9 39.0 15.00 3.0 39.0 13.39 7.0 39.2

Investigators and adjusters, except insurance ......... 12.61 2.6 38.3 12.78 2.6 38.2 9.01 10.2 39.8

Eligibility clerks, social welfare ................................. 13.02 2.1 38.4 13.09 2.3 38.4 12.50 3.7 38.1

Bill and account collectors ....................................... 11.65 2.7 38.5 11.63 2.8 38.6 11.95 6.9 37.2

General office clerks ................................................ 11.25 .8 36.7 11.41 .8 36.7 10.06 1.2 37.2

Bank tellers .............................................................. 8.97 1.4 32.2 9.03 1.4 32.3 7.87 2.4 31.9

Proofreaders ............................................................ 12.53 13.2 38.1 13.21 12.4 37.8 – – –

Data entry keyers ..................................................... 10.04 1.4 37.6 10.11 1.5 37.5 9.18 3.6 39.0

Statistical clerks ....................................................... 11.56 3.9 37.2 11.89 3.8 36.7 – – –

Teachers’ aides ....................................................... 9.52 1.8 30.6 9.78 2.0 30.0 8.65 3.2 32.5

Administrative support, n.e.c. .................................. 12.06 1.7 36.6 12.48 1.3 36.5 9.07 5.0 37.3

Blue collar .............................................................................. 12.90 .6 38.5 13.31 .6 38.4 11.36 2.2 38.9

Precision production, craft, and repair ............................ 16.58 1.0 39.8 17.14 .6 39.8 14.09 3.9 40.0

Supervisors, mechanics and repairers .................... 21.96 1.7 40.7 22.37 1.4 40.5 19.35 7.5 42.1

Automobile mechanics ............................................. 17.25 2.7 40.5 17.62 2.5 40.5 11.86 8.9 40.5

Automobile mechanic apprentices ........................... 10.43 6.0 39.8 10.43 6.0 39.8 – – –

Bus, truck, and stationary engine mechanics .......... 15.45 1.9 40.2 15.79 1.7 40.0 12.72 6.6 41.4

Aircraft engine mechanics ....................................... 21.79 3.2 40.0 21.20 1.9 40.0 – – –

Small engine repairs ................................................ 12.25 6.1 35.9 12.40 6.5 35.4 – – –

Automobile body and related repairers .................... 16.55 5.1 40.8 17.20 4.7 40.4 – – –

Aircraft mechanics, except engine ........................... 19.28 2.4 40.0 19.34 2.5 40.0 – – –

Heavy equipment mechanics ................................... 17.28 3.1 40.0 17.68 2.7 40.0 15.55 9.9 40.0

Farm equipment mechanics .................................... 14.58 10.6 40.0 14.58 10.6 40.0 – – –

Industrial machinery repairers ................................. 16.58 1.9 39.9 16.91 .9 39.9 15.86 5.9 39.9

Machinery maintenance ........................................... 13.51 2.6 39.8 13.94 2.1 39.8 12.69 5.6 39.8

Electronic repairers, communications and industrial

equipment .............................................................. 17.57 3.6 39.4 17.70 3.7 39.4 14.66 12.0 40.0

Data processing equipment repairers ...................... 16.57 3.3 37.8 16.63 3.5 37.6 – – –

Household appliance and power tool repairers ....... 16.77 6.1 38.3 16.70 6.6 38.2 – – –

Telephone line installers and repairers .................... 19.28 3.0 39.6 19.48 2.9 39.6 17.00 10.9 40.0

Telephone installers and repairers .......................... 18.00 1.8 39.9 17.91 1.9 39.9 20.30 3.9 40.0

Heating, air conditioning, and refrigeration

mechanics .............................................................. 16.16 2.3 39.7 16.33 2.4 39.7 – – –

Camera, watch, and musical instrument repairers .. 16.47 14.1 40.0 16.47 14.1 40.0 – – –

Locksmiths and safe repairers ................................. 17.30 4.8 40.0 17.30 4.8 40.0 – – –

Office machine repairers .......................................... 16.09 5.0 40.0 16.09 5.0 40.0 – – –

Mechanical controls and valve repairers ................. 18.11 4.0 39.5 18.22 4.2 39.4 17.16 12.2 40.0

Elevator installers and repairers .............................. 19.27 23.4 40.0 – – – – – –

Millwrights ................................................................ 19.06 5.5 40.1 18.75 2.6 40.1 – – –

Mechanics and repairers, n.e.c. ............................... 15.62 1.4 39.7 16.16 1.0 39.7 13.64 5.1 39.5

Supervisors, brickmasons, stonemasons, and

tilesetters ............................................................... 18.44 5.3 40.0 18.63 5.3 40.0 – – –

Supervisors, carpenters and related workers .......... 21.04 5.8 40.3 21.03 5.8 40.3 – – –

Supervisors, electricians and power transmission

installers ................................................................. 22.78 4.8 40.0 24.51 3.6 40.0 18.57 7.4 40.0

Supervisors, painters, paperhangers, and

plasterers ............................................................... 18.30 2.3 40.4 18.30 2.3 40.4 – – –

Supervisors, plumbers, pipefitters, and steamfitters 23.27 6.6 40.1 23.36 6.8 40.1 – – –

Supervisors, construction trades, n.e.c. ................... 18.58 3.1 40.3 19.30 2.9 40.4 15.81 8.7 40.1

Brickmasons and stonemasons ............................... 16.56 5.5 40.0 17.37 3.2 40.0 – – –

Brickmason and stonemason apprentices ............... 12.73 9.6 40.0 12.73 9.6 40.0 – – –

Carpet installers ....................................................... 24.12 4.9 39.0 24.12 4.9 39.0 – – –

See footnotes at end of table.

102
Table 4-2. United States: Mean hourly earnings1 and weekly hours by metropolitan and nonmetropolitan areas2 for selected

occupations, National Compensation Survey,3 1998–Continued

Occupation4

Total Metropolitan Nonmetropolitan

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

Mean hours

Relative

error5

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error5

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error5

(percent)

Blue collar –Continued

Precision production, craft, and repair –Continued

Carpenters ............................................................... $17.04 2.1 39.6 $17.10 2.1 39.6 $16.53 8.9 39.6

Carpenter apprentices ............................................. 12.47 3.6 40.0 12.51 4.0 40.0 – – –

Drywall installers ...................................................... 15.46 2.3 39.8 15.46 2.3 39.8 – – –

Electricians .............................................................. 18.91 1.9 39.9 19.55 2.0 39.9 16.20 3.9 40.0

Electrician apprentices ............................................. 13.27 6.3 40.0 12.97 6.6 40.0 – – –

Electrical power installers and repairers .................. 21.47 2.7 40.0 22.42 1.4 40.0 18.37 6.8 40.0

Painters, construction and maintenance .................. 15.60 5.7 39.4 15.67 6.0 39.3 – – –

Plasterers ................................................................. 18.61 16.4 40.0 18.61 16.4 40.0 – – –

Plumbers, pipefitters and steamfitters ..................... 20.08 2.0 39.9 20.30 1.9 39.9 15.55 11.0 40.0

Plumber, pipefitter, and steamfitter apprentices ...... 14.33 4.4 39.9 14.33 4.4 39.9 – – –

Concrete and terrazzo finishers ............................... 14.23 8.3 39.7 14.25 8.4 39.7 – – –

Glaziers .................................................................... 17.30 6.6 38.9 17.30 6.6 38.9 – – –

Insulation workers .................................................... 11.88 6.0 35.2 12.09 6.2 34.9 – – –

Paving, surfacing, and tamping equipment

operators ................................................................ 11.48 12.0 40.0 14.99 11.0 40.0 – – –

Roofers .................................................................... 13.64 6.2 34.5 13.64 6.2 34.5 – – –

Sheetmetal duct installers ........................................ 19.43 8.1 38.8 19.43 8.1 38.8 – – –

Structural metal workers .......................................... 16.57 4.6 39.6 16.71 4.9 39.6 – – –

Drillers, earth ........................................................... 11.49 10.6 40.0 – – – – – –

Construction trades, n.e.c. ....................................... 14.76 2.8 39.3 15.82 2.3 39.1 11.72 6.6 39.6

Supervisors, extractive ............................................ 22.05 14.5 41.2 21.10 4.7 41.5 – – –

Drillers, oil well ......................................................... 17.37 2.6 41.3 17.37 2.6 41.3 – – –

Explosives workers .................................................. 15.91 16.0 39.6 – – – – – –

Mining machine operators ....................................... 18.63 6.4 40.0 15.50 3.9 40.0 18.86 6.8 40.0

Mining, n.e.c. ........................................................... 19.72 3.6 40.1 15.02 8.9 40.8 20.42 2.5 40.0

Supervisors, production ........................................... 19.00 2.6 40.7 19.80 1.5 40.7 16.19 9.1 40.5

Tool and die makers ................................................ 19.72 1.8 40.0 19.92 1.5 40.0 – – –

Tool and die maker apprentices .............................. 14.33 4.9 40.0 14.33 4.9 40.0 – – –

Precision assemblers, metal .................................... 16.19 3.0 40.0 16.19 3.0 40.0 – – –

Machinists ................................................................ 17.12 1.1 40.0 17.14 1.1 40.0 – – –

Machinist apprentices .............................................. 12.63 4.9 40.0 12.63 4.9 40.0 – – –

Boilermakers ............................................................ 18.28 5.2 39.9 18.28 5.2 39.9 – – –

Precision grinders, filers, and tool sharpeners ......... 14.90 4.7 40.1 14.90 4.7 40.1 – – –

Patternmakers and modelmakers, metal ................. 18.21 5.7 40.0 18.21 5.7 40.0 – – –

Layout workers ........................................................ 14.87 4.9 40.0 14.87 4.9 40.0 – – –

Precious stones and metals workers ....................... 8.98 8.8 39.3 10.14 6.8 38.8 – – –

Engravers, metal ...................................................... 15.41 22.7 39.2 15.41 22.7 39.2 – – –

Sheet metal workers ................................................ 16.76 5.1 40.0 17.14 4.9 40.0 – – –

Sheet metal worker apprentices .............................. 13.39 7.0 37.1 13.39 7.0 37.1 – – –

Cabinet makers and bench carpenters .................... 11.20 4.7 39.7 11.24 4.8 39.7 – – –

Furniture and wood finishers ................................... 11.68 2.5 40.0 11.87 5.9 40.0 – – –

Tailors ...................................................................... 11.86 3.4 39.5 11.86 3.4 39.5 – – –

Upholsterers ............................................................ 12.57 9.3 39.6 14.11 2.3 39.4 – – –

Hand molders and shapers, except jewelers ........... 16.34 3.1 40.2 16.34 3.1 40.2 – – –

Patternmakers, layout workers, and cutters ............ 19.77 7.8 39.9 19.77 7.8 39.9 – – –

Optical goods workers ............................................. 11.00 12.8 39.7 11.00 12.8 39.7 – – –

Dental laboratory and medical appliance

technicians ............................................................. 14.47 10.8 39.5 14.47 10.8 39.5 – – –

Bookbinders ............................................................. 13.57 6.1 39.4 13.79 8.4 39.1 – – –

Electrical and electronic equipment assemblers ...... 9.78 3.0 39.8 10.36 1.8 39.7 8.94 5.8 40.0

Miscellaneous precision workers, n.e.c. .................. 15.51 5.4 39.8 15.35 6.0 39.8 15.95 11.6 40.0

Precision food production ........................................ 10.90 7.3 40.0 10.90 7.3 40.0 – – –

Butchers and meat cutters ....................................... 10.20 3.5 38.5 10.71 3.6 37.8 – – –

Bakers ...................................................................... 9.82 4.9 36.7 9.91 5.0 36.6 – – –

Food batchmakers ................................................... 10.48 5.2 38.7 10.47 5.4 38.7 – – –

Inspectors, testers, and graders .............................. 16.37 2.2 40.2 16.29 2.2 40.2 20.36 13.5 40.9

Precision inspectors, testers, and related workers,

n.e.c. ...................................................................... 19.04 6.6 40.0 19.04 6.6 40.0 – – –

Adjusters and calibrators ......................................... 13.36 14.1 39.6 13.36 14.1 39.6 – – –

Water and sewer treatment plant operators ............ 15.53 2.8 39.4 15.69 2.6 39.3 14.52 12.9 40.0

Power plant operators .............................................. 22.02 1.9 39.7 21.71 1.4 39.9 – – –

See footnotes at end of table.

103
Table 4-2. United States: Mean hourly earnings1 and weekly hours by metropolitan and nonmetropolitan areas2 for selected

occupations, National Compensation Survey,3 1998–Continued

Occupation4

Total Metropolitan Nonmetropolitan

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

Mean hours

Relative

error5

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error5

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error5

(percent)

Blue collar –Continued

Precision production, craft, and repair –Continued

Stationary engineers ................................................ $19.02 3.1 39.5 $18.72 3.1 39.5 $21.27 8.0 39.4

Miscellaneous plant and system operators, n.e.c. ... 21.34 2.2 40.1 21.58 2.2 40.1 17.92 1.7 40.0

Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors ........... 11.59 .9 39.6 11.96 .9 39.5 10.49 2.3 39.7

Lathe and turning machine set-up operators ........... 14.03 2.6 40.0 14.32 2.2 40.0 – – –

Lathe and turning machine operators ...................... 12.83 6.3 39.9 14.52 3.0 39.8 – – –

Milling and planing machine operators .................... 13.38 6.9 40.0 14.70 6.1 40.0 – – –

Punching and stamping press operators ................. 12.08 3.0 39.8 12.36 2.7 39.7 – – –

Rolling machine operators ....................................... 13.46 6.1 40.3 13.96 4.3 40.4 – – –

Drilling and boring machine operators ..................... 11.39 12.2 40.0 13.33 3.7 40.0 – – –

Grinding, abrading, buffing, and polishing machine

operators ................................................................ 11.58 2.9 39.9 11.92 2.0 39.8 10.92 8.3 40.0

Forging machine operators ...................................... 12.86 4.5 39.9 13.15 5.0 39.8 – – –

Numerical control machine operators ...................... 13.57 2.1 40.0 13.85 2.1 40.0 – – –

Fabricating machine operators, n.e.c. ..................... 13.29 2.3 40.0 13.98 1.9 40.1 11.20 4.2 40.0

Molding and casting machine operators .................. 10.36 2.9 39.8 10.20 2.9 39.8 11.19 7.3 40.0

Metal plating machine operators .............................. 11.98 3.3 40.0 11.98 3.3 40.0 – – –

Heat treating equipment operators .......................... 13.78 2.4 40.0 13.90 4.6 40.0 – – –

Wood lathe, routing, and planing machine

operators ................................................................ 10.60 11.3 37.1 11.97 7.6 36.2 – – –

Sawing machine operators ...................................... 9.14 5.2 39.7 9.23 8.4 39.2 9.07 6.6 40.0

Shaping and jointing machine operators ................. 9.73 6.8 39.9 9.73 6.8 39.9 – – –

Nailing and tacking machine operators .................... 9.91 2.3 40.0 9.91 2.3 40.0 – – –

Printing press operators ........................................... 14.64 3.2 39.2 15.27 2.6 39.0 11.92 8.1 40.0

Photoengravers and lithographers ........................... 15.22 3.0 38.6 15.17 3.1 38.6 – – –

Typesetters and compositors ................................... 13.22 4.7 37.7 13.34 4.8 37.9 – – –

Winding and twisting machine operators ................. 11.01 7.3 39.9 9.74 2.6 39.8 – – –

Knitting, looping, taping, and weaving machine

operators ................................................................ 10.10 1.9 40.0 10.25 2.4 40.0 – – –

Textile cutting machine operators ............................ 8.94 5.4 40.0 9.41 4.2 40.0 – – –

Textile sewing machine operators ........................... 7.98 2.7 39.7 8.17 2.9 39.5 7.58 6.5 40.0

Shoe machine operators .......................................... 9.11 8.6 39.9 9.11 8.6 39.9 – – –

Pressing machine operators .................................... 7.97 6.3 39.2 7.47 5.4 39.0 – – –

Laundering and dry cleaning machine operators ..... 7.44 1.7 36.5 7.57 2.0 37.7 6.82 3.8 31.6

Cementing and gluing machine operators ............... 9.58 9.5 40.0 10.81 4.4 40.0 – – –

Packaging and filling machine operators ................. 10.55 4.3 39.4 11.53 3.6 39.4 8.31 8.2 39.3

Extruding and forming machine operators ............... 11.28 2.7 39.8 11.96 2.6 39.7 – – –

Mixing and blending machine operators .................. 13.28 2.8 39.9 13.46 3.1 39.9 12.38 9.0 40.0

Separating, filtering, and clarifying machine

operators ................................................................ 15.83 3.7 39.8 15.80 4.1 39.8 – – –

Compressing and compacting machine operators .. 10.40 2.1 39.5 10.71 2.8 39.0 – – –

Painting and paint spraying machine operators ....... 12.11 2.9 40.2 12.36 2.5 40.3 – – –

Roasting and baking machine operators, food ........ 11.61 5.5 39.4 11.69 6.0 39.3 – – –

Washing, cleaning, and pickling machine operators 10.91 9.4 36.5 10.98 9.5 40.2 – – –

Folding machine operators ...................................... 11.34 4.0 39.7 11.34 4.0 39.7 – – –

Furnace, kiln, and oven operators, except food ....... 13.68 4.4 39.9 14.26 3.9 39.8 – – –

Crushing and grinding machine operators ............... 11.89 5.7 39.9 11.75 6.0 39.9 – – –

Slicing and cutting machine operators ..................... 12.65 3.6 39.9 12.14 1.9 39.8 13.65 5.7 39.9

Motion picture projectionists .................................... 13.07 9.6 25.9 13.07 9.6 25.9 – – –

Photographic process machine operators ............... 10.42 2.9 38.0 10.39 2.7 38.0 – – –

Miscellaneous machine operators, n.e.c. ................ 11.97 2.6 39.7 12.25 1.1 39.7 11.48 6.8 39.8

Welders and cutters ................................................. 14.19 1.9 40.0 14.29 2.0 40.0 – – –

Solders and braziers ................................................ 9.04 8.3 40.0 9.98 3.3 40.0 – – –

Assemblers .............................................................. 11.63 2.6 39.3 11.97 2.4 39.3 8.68 6.2 39.4

Hand cutting and trimming ....................................... 9.51 8.9 39.4 9.51 8.9 39.4 – – –

Hand molding, casting, and forming ........................ 12.13 9.9 40.0 10.38 7.0 40.0 – – –

Hand painting, coating, and decorating ................... 10.21 5.6 38.6 10.21 5.6 38.6 – – –

Hand engraving and printing .................................... 8.91 3.5 40.0 8.91 3.5 40.0 – – –

Miscellaneous hand working, n.e.c. ......................... 9.85 3.3 38.8 10.17 2.5 38.2 9.23 6.8 40.0

Production inspectors, checkers and examiners ..... 11.11 2.6 39.8 11.77 1.3 39.8 9.03 6.2 40.0

Production testers .................................................... 11.73 3.4 39.8 12.35 2.2 39.8 – – –

See footnotes at end of table.

104
Table 4-2. United States: Mean hourly earnings1 and weekly hours by metropolitan and nonmetropolitan areas2 for selected

occupations, National Compensation Survey,3 1998–Continued

Occupation4

Total Metropolitan Nonmetropolitan

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

Mean hours

Relative

error5

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error5

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error5

(percent)

Blue collar –Continued

Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors

–Continued

Production samplers and weighers .......................... $13.64 4.5 39.6 $13.20 6.8 39.3 – – –

Graders and sorters, except agricultural .................. 9.19 6.4 39.9 9.02 4.1 39.8 $9.28 9.6 40.0

Hand inspectors, n.e.c. ............................................ 9.27 7.5 39.9 9.27 7.5 39.9 – – –

Transportation and material moving ............................... 13.72 1.1 37.9 13.85 1.0 38.1 13.01 4.2 37.2

Supervisors, motor vehicle operators ...................... 16.46 5.2 41.1 17.41 3.2 41.4 12.25 12.6 39.7

Truck drivers ............................................................ 13.93 1.2 41.4 13.94 1.2 41.2 13.86 4.8 42.9

Driver-sales workers ................................................ 14.23 4.2 37.6 14.31 4.3 37.7 11.50 14.3 36.6

Bus drivers ............................................................... 12.61 1.6 29.2 12.78 1.7 30.6 11.16 4.1 21.0

Taxicab drivers and chauffeurs ................................ 8.32 4.5 30.0 8.43 4.8 30.0 – – –

Parking lot attendants .............................................. 7.04 4.3 28.2 7.09 4.4 28.1 – – –

Motor transportation, n.e.c. ...................................... 8.99 4.6 32.2 9.21 4.5 32.7 7.12 14.9 28.5

Railroad conductors and yardmasters ..................... 26.78 4.4 40.2 26.55 5.0 40.3 – – –

Locomotive operating .............................................. 27.74 8.4 40.7 27.01 10.0 40.8 – – –

Railroad brake, signal and switch operators ............ 23.30 10.2 40.0 25.98 7.3 40.0 – – –

Rail vehicle operators, n.e.c. ................................... 21.02 4.4 40.0 20.15 2.2 40.0 – – –

Ship captains and mates, except fishing boats ........ 16.30 3.8 47.6 16.26 4.7 48.4 – – –

Sailors and deckhands ............................................ 11.39 8.0 43.3 11.12 10.7 45.2 – – –

Bridge, lock and lighthouse tenders ......................... 11.16 2.1 40.0 – – – – – –

Supervisors, material moving equipment ................. 18.74 6.2 40.4 17.72 2.4 40.7 – – –

Operating engineers ................................................ 17.33 8.1 40.0 19.05 5.3 40.0 13.48 18.6 40.0

Longshore equipment operators .............................. 26.96 7.6 37.5 26.96 7.6 37.5 – – –

Hoist and winch operators ....................................... 12.94 5.5 40.9 12.94 5.5 40.9 – – –

Crane and tower operators ...................................... 15.61 3.3 40.1 15.78 3.5 40.1 – – –

Excavating and loading machine operators ............. 14.17 4.3 40.0 14.54 4.2 40.0 9.19 3.9 40.0

Grader, dozer, and scrapper operators ................... 13.46 6.4 40.0 14.98 7.5 40.1 11.95 9.4 40.0

Industrial truck and tractor equipment operators ..... 12.10 1.8 39.8 12.24 1.3 39.7 11.72 5.9 40.0

Miscellaneous material moving equipment

operators, n.e.c. ..................................................... 14.33 3.0 37.8 14.79 3.1 37.4 12.18 6.2 39.9

Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers ... 9.69 .7 35.9 9.84 .8 35.5 9.17 2.1 37.2

Nursery workers ....................................................... 7.31 3.4 37.9 7.34 4.0 37.4 – – –

Supervisors, agriculture-related workers ................. 17.49 4.7 39.9 17.53 4.7 39.9 – – –

Groundskeepers and gardeners, except farm ......... 9.31 5.2 38.4 10.21 2.3 37.3 – – –

Animal caretakers, except farm ............................... 10.22 5.8 38.2 10.22 5.8 38.2 – – –

Inspectors, agricultural products .............................. 7.84 6.1 37.4 8.45 7.5 35.8 – – –

Supervisors, handlers, equipment cleaners, and

laborers, n.e.c. ....................................................... 14.57 2.6 39.8 14.90 1.9 39.7 13.56 7.6 40.0

Helpers, mechanics and repairers ........................... 11.69 4.4 39.1 11.49 4.6 38.8 12.23 9.1 40.0

Helpers, construction trades .................................... 10.46 3.8 39.3 10.42 4.2 39.2 10.75 6.9 40.0

Helpers, extractive ................................................... 15.17 11.8 38.7 11.51 8.8 40.0 – – –

Construction laborers ............................................... 11.34 2.8 39.4 11.52 3.0 39.5 9.77 6.4 38.7

Production helpers ................................................... 9.75 3.5 39.0 9.46 1.9 38.8 10.60 10.6 39.6

Garbage collectors ................................................... 12.63 11.7 39.6 12.78 11.6 39.6 – – –

Stevedores ............................................................... 18.83 3.7 39.2 18.83 3.7 39.2 – – –

Stock handlers and baggers .................................... 8.64 1.4 29.9 8.74 1.3 29.9 8.17 4.7 29.9

Machine feeders and offbearers .............................. 9.37 2.6 39.3 9.47 2.1 39.1 8.98 10.7 40.0

Freight, stock, and material handlers, n.e.c. ............ 10.50 2.0 35.5 10.78 1.7 35.0 9.00 8.0 38.0

Garage and service station related .......................... 8.25 7.1 34.2 8.28 7.2 34.1 – – –

Vehicle washers and equipment cleaners ............... 8.86 3.2 37.4 9.05 3.4 37.9 7.35 5.3 34.0

Hand packers and packagers .................................. 8.49 1.7 37.9 8.64 1.7 37.7 7.56 5.3 39.5

Laborers, except construction, n.e.c. ....................... 9.57 1.3 37.8 9.63 1.5 37.2 9.43 2.5 39.2

Service .................................................................................... 9.52 .7 33.0 9.90 1.0 32.6 8.20 1.5 34.6

Protective service ........................................................ 14.36 1.6 38.0 14.88 1.7 37.7 11.84 2.3 39.4

Supervisors, firefighters and fire prevention ............ 20.00 2.9 49.2 20.53 2.7 49.1 14.36 9.0 50.7

Supervisors, police and detectives .......................... 24.14 2.7 40.1 25.16 2.3 40.2 15.83 10.1 40.0

Supervisors, guards ................................................. 15.49 7.1 38.4 15.40 7.6 38.3 – – –

Fire inspection and fire prevention ........................... 18.31 4.8 37.6 18.41 5.4 37.3 – – –

See footnotes at end of table.

105
Table 4-2. United States: Mean hourly earnings1 and weekly hours by metropolitan and nonmetropolitan areas2 for selected

occupations, National Compensation Survey,3 1998–Continued

Occupation4

Total Metropolitan Nonmetropolitan

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

Mean hours

Relative

error5

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error5

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error5

(percent)

Service –Continued

Protective service –Continued

Firefighting ............................................................... $15.32 2.5 44.5 $15.57 2.5 44.6 $11.50 7.3 44.0

Police and detectives, public service ....................... 19.49 1.4 39.5 19.90 1.3 39.6 14.83 3.5 39.1

Sheriffs, bailiffs, and other law enforcement officers 15.91 2.6 38.7 17.55 2.5 38.3 12.27 3.0 39.7

Correctional institution officers ................................. 14.17 4.3 39.8 15.30 2.4 39.9 12.46 5.5 39.7

Crossing guards ....................................................... 8.73 4.5 17.3 8.81 4.5 17.7 – – –

Guards and police, except public service ................ 8.63 1.7 35.1 8.56 1.8 34.6 – – –

Protective service, n.e.c. .......................................... 11.51 4.7 29.1 11.45 4.9 28.8 12.50 17.2 34.4

Food service ................................................................ 6.76 .7 30.1 6.91 .9 29.2 6.31 1.1 33.0

Supervisors, food preparation and service .............. 11.45 1.6 38.5 11.75 1.6 38.6 10.11 3.9 37.9

Bartenders ............................................................... 6.31 2.6 29.5 6.30 2.9 29.5 6.38 4.5 29.1

Waiters and waitresses ............................................ 4.17 3.4 28.8 3.95 2.3 26.7 – – –

Cooks ....................................................................... 8.67 1.1 34.2 8.80 1.2 34.2 7.97 2.6 33.8

Food counter, fountain, and related ......................... 6.12 1.3 25.8 6.21 1.4 25.5 5.89 2.0 26.3

Kitchen workers, food preparation ........................... 7.57 1.2 30.1 7.65 1.3 29.4 7.28 2.6 32.9

Waiters’/Waitresses’ assistants ............................... 5.68 2.2 27.7 5.67 2.4 27.4 5.72 6.8 30.3

Food preparation, n.e.c. ........................................... 6.85 1.3 29.8 6.97 1.0 28.4 6.56 1.1 33.5

Health service .............................................................. 8.77 .8 33.7 9.02 .9 34.0 7.85 2.5 32.5

Dental assistants ..................................................... 10.26 3.7 36.3 10.26 3.7 36.3 – – –

Health aides, except nursing ................................... 9.79 1.4 33.5 9.93 1.2 34.3 9.26 4.9 31.0

Nursing aides, orderlies and attendants .................. 8.49 .8 33.7 8.77 .9 33.9 7.48 2.4 32.9

Cleaning and building service ...................................... 9.03 .9 35.1 9.23 1.1 34.8 8.06 1.2 36.9

Supervisors, cleaning and building service workers 11.15 10.4 39.6 13.31 2.5 39.3 – – –

Maids and housemen .............................................. 7.52 1.9 34.9 7.73 2.0 35.3 6.49 3.2 32.7

Janitors and cleaners ............................................... 9.09 1.1 34.5 9.20 1.2 34.2 8.27 1.3 37.0

Pest control .............................................................. 12.36 8.5 40.0 12.36 8.5 40.0 – – –

Personal service .......................................................... 9.27 1.8 29.6 9.63 2.6 27.8 8.58 1.5 34.1

Supervisors, personal service .................................. 16.56 1.3 38.7 13.04 3.6 36.1 – – –

Attendants, amusement, and recreation facilities .... 6.20 5.1 30.1 6.88 2.9 28.9 – – –

Guides ..................................................................... 9.40 3.5 30.5 9.52 4.2 30.1 – – –

Ushers ..................................................................... 6.55 5.1 19.3 6.55 5.1 19.3 – – –

Public transportation attendants .............................. 25.24 6.1 21.1 25.64 6.1 20.9 – – –

Baggage porters and bellhops ................................. 7.19 6.4 35.6 7.19 6.4 35.6 – – –

Welfare service aides .............................................. 7.55 4.9 28.1 7.60 5.7 27.2 7.30 9.2 32.4

Early childhood teachers’ assistants ........................ 8.12 1.8 29.1 8.25 2.0 27.8 7.74 2.9 33.6

Child care workers, n.e.c. ........................................ 8.51 2.3 26.2 8.60 2.2 25.6 8.02 7.2 30.0

Service, n.e.c. .......................................................... 7.54 11.2 31.5 8.51 2.3 29.0 – – –

1 Earnings are the straight-time hourly wages or salaries paid to employees. They

include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard pay. Excluded are premium

pay for overtime, vacations, and holidays; nonproduction bonuses; and tips. The mean is

computed by totaling the pay of all workers and dividing by the number of workers,

weighted by hours. 2 Metropolitan areas can be a Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA) or Consolidated

Metropolitan Statistical Area (CMSA) as defined by the Office of Management and Budget,

1994. Nonmetropolitan areas are counties that do not fit the definitions above. For more

information, see appendix E. 3 This survey covers all 50 States. Collection was conducted between July 1997 and

April 1999. The average reference period was August 1998. 4 A classification system including about 480 individual occupations is used to cover all

workers in the civilian economy. For more information, see appendix B. 5 The relative standard error (RSE) is the standard error expressed as a percent of the

estimate. It can be used to calculate a "confidence interval" around a sample estimate. For

more information about RSEs, see appendix A.

NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or that data did not meet publication

criteria, and n.e.c. means "not elsewhere classified." Overall occupational groups may

include data for categories not shown separately. 

106
Table 4-3. Largest 10 metropolitan areas1 ranked by employment size: Mean hourly earnings2 by occupational group, National

Compensation Survey, 1998-1999

Occupational group3

(1)

New YorkNorthern New

JerseyLong Island 

(March 1998)

(2)

Los AngelesRiversideOrange County 

(March 1998)

(3)

ChicagoGaryKenosha 

(October 1998)

(4)

WashingtonBaltimore 

(March 1998)

(5)

San FranciscoOaklandSan Jose

(March 1998)

All ...................................................................................................... $20.24 $17.69 $17.47 $17.41 $20.72

White collar .................................................................................. 24.27 22.02 21.74 20.75 24.51

White collar excluding sales .................................................. 24.94 22.60 21.64 21.38 25.48

Professional specialty and technical .......................................... 29.69 28.17 25.16 25.24 29.95

Professional specialty ............................................................ 31.43 30.28 26.05 26.50 31.70

Technical ............................................................................... 21.91 20.46 22.19 19.13 23.09

Executive, administrative, and managerial ................................ 33.68 31.01 28.97 27.28 33.47

Sales .......................................................................................... 17.54 17.76 22.57 15.61 15.42

Administrative support, including clerical ................................... 14.55 12.98 13.23 12.72 14.65

Blue collar .................................................................................... 14.65 12.80 14.29 14.09 15.19

Precision production, craft, and repair ....................................... 20.62 18.28 20.13 17.39 18.72

Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors ....................... 10.74 9.96 11.93 12.20 12.28

Transportation and material moving .......................................... 15.60 14.36 15.00 13.82 15.79

Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers ............... 11.68 9.18 10.97 10.63 10.85

Service .......................................................................................... 12.89 10.46 10.75 9.93 12.66

Protective service ...................................................................... 19.07 16.88 17.26 15.96 16.96

Food service .............................................................................. 8.37 7.43 7.49 7.09 8.73

Health service ............................................................................ 9.88 9.23 9.28 9.19 11.69

Cleaning and building service .................................................... 11.61 7.95 9.79 8.69 11.38

Personal service ........................................................................ 12.59 10.65 10.60 9.66 12.58

(6)

BostonWorcesterLawrence 

(October 1998)

(7)

PhiladelphiaWilmingtonAtlantic City 

(February 1999)

(8)

DetroitAnn ArborFlint 

(March 1998)

(9)

DallasFort Worth

(March 1998)

(10)

HoustonGalvestonBrazoria

(January 1999)

All ...................................................................................................... $18.20 $18.43 $18.55 $16.30 $17.37

White collar .................................................................................. 21.60 21.99 21.89 20.05 21.50

White collar excluding sales .................................................. 22.32 22.86 22.58 21.09 22.27

Professional specialty and technical .......................................... 26.24 27.66 26.02 24.06 26.46

Professional specialty ............................................................ 28.52 30.12 28.23 24.80 27.92

Technical ............................................................................... 18.24 19.26 19.19 21.42 21.11

Executive, administrative, and managerial ................................ 28.89 29.51 28.75 28.41 31.00

Sales .......................................................................................... 15.31 15.84 16.28 13.52 16.31

Administrative support, including clerical ................................... 12.91 13.49 13.07 12.01 12.16

Blue collar .................................................................................... 14.38 15.11 16.35 11.89 12.95

Precision production, craft, and repair ....................................... 18.37 18.81 20.41 15.27 17.19

Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors ....................... 11.95 13.58 15.33 10.68 11.00

Transportation and material moving .......................................... 15.64 14.76 15.36 13.22 12.48

Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers ............... 11.41 11.89 10.57 8.94 8.57

Service .......................................................................................... 11.00 10.98 9.81 9.01 8.98

Protective service ...................................................................... 14.80 16.43 13.27 12.11 13.54

Food service .............................................................................. 7.54 7.64 6.84 6.75 6.57

Health service ............................................................................ 10.44 10.31 8.71 7.79 8.08

Cleaning and building service .................................................... 10.81 10.35 11.27 7.32 7.11

Personal service ........................................................................ 11.22 10.28 8.20 13.28 11.19

1 Metropolitan areas can be a Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA) or Consolidated

Metropolitan Statistical Area (CMSA) as defined by the Office of Management and Budget,

1994. Nonmetropolitan areas are counties that do not fit the definitions above. For more

information, see appendix E. 2 Earnings are the straight-time hourly wages or salaries paid to employees. They

include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard pay. Excluded are premium

pay for overtime, vacations, and holidays; nonproduction bonuses; and tips. The mean is

computed by totaling the pay of all workers and dividing by the number of workers,

weighted by hours. 3 A classification system including about 480 individual occupations is used to cover all

workers in the civilian economy. For more information, see appendix B. 

107
Table 4-4. Pay relatives for major occupational groups in metropolitan areas, National Compensation Survey, 1998

(For each occupational group, average pay for all industries = 100)

Metropolitan area Total

White collar1 Blue collar1

Service Professional

Executive Sales AdministrativePrecision

Machine

operators

Transportation

Handlers

United States2 ...................................................... 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100

Amarillo, TX .......................................................... 87 84 89 96 83 92 82 83 92 84

Anchorage, AK ..................................................... 110 105 109 111 111 123 101 102 119 116

Atlanta, GA ........................................................... 99 99 103 99 101 96 98 96 101 95

Augusta-Aiken, GA-SC ......................................... 94 95 102 93 96 92 98 87 94 85

Austin-San Marcos, TX ......................................... 93 90 96 109 93 96 82 93 95 95

Birmingham, AL .................................................... 94 89 106 91 92 93 96 79 96 93

Bloomington, IN .................................................... 91 91 95 88 91 90 – 81 92 88

Bloomington-Normal, IL ........................................ 104 93 – 95 92 102 117 131 106 106

Boston-Worcester-Lawrence, MA-NH-ME-CT ...... 104 105 98 101 108 103 95 108 108 112

Brownsville-Harlingen-San Benito, TX ................. 82 90 86 87 78 77 71 78 72 80

Buffalo-Niagra Falls, NY ....................................... 100 97 97 90 101 103 107 102 106 107

Charleston-North Charleston, SC ......................... 87 91 88 81 86 81 82 84 87 87

Charlotte-Gastonia-Rock Hill-High Point, NC-SC 94 88 98 103 97 93 99 97 98 92

Chicago-Gary-Kenosha, IL-IN-WI ......................... 107 102 103 105 109 112 114 117 117 110

Cincinnati-Hamilton, OH-KY-IN ............................ 95 92 95 95 94 93 94 99 103 99

Cleveland-Akron, OH ............................................ 103 101 104 105 100 103 107 109 108 104

Columbus, OH ...................................................... 96 94 92 93 98 100 95 96 104 101

Corpus Christi, TX ................................................ 89 89 111 96 82 90 93 75 82 82

Dallas-Fort Worth, TX ........................................... 95 94 99 91 98 93 93 95 95 93

Dayton-Springfield, OH ......................................... 96 94 91 95 93 101 109 102 100 101

Denver-Boulder-Greeley, CO ............................... 97 96 99 97 99 93 87 93 102 102

Detroit-Ann Arbor-Flint, MI .................................... 110 110 104 107 108 112 121 116 123 106

Elkhart-Goshen, IN ............................................... 99 99 96 88 98 97 104 112 107 97

Fort Collins-Loveland, CO .................................... 88 92 85 98 86 86 80 85 84 91

Grand Rapids-Muskegon-Holland, MI .................. 103 107 98 107 97 103 111 97 103 106

Greensboro-Winston-Salem, NC .......................... 97 93 102 106 97 93 95 96 99 95

Greenville, SC ...................................................... 93 90 97 99 94 91 92 89 98 90

Hartford, CT .......................................................... 109 115 99 106 110 103 100 106 107 119

Honolulu, HI .......................................................... 107 104 103 105 109 115 110 97 105 111

Houston-Galveston-Brazoria, TX .......................... 104 106 113 100 102 104 99 94 97 94

Huntsville, AL ........................................................ 95 97 101 93 92 91 102 84 92 87

Indianapolis, IN ..................................................... 99 97 98 106 97 104 103 103 104 98

Iowa City, IA ......................................................... 92 90 95 88 93 88 96 82 91 95

Johnstown, PA ...................................................... 89 93 91 82 86 83 85 82 89 97

Kalamazoo-Battle Creek, MI ................................. 101 99 97 96 102 100 106 100 113 104

Kansas City, MO-KS ............................................. 93 93 88 85 92 97 105 100 103 95

Knoxville, TN ........................................................ 90 91 97 86 87 89 91 81 97 87

Lincoln, NE ........................................................... 88 86 88 85 85 87 89 90 97 91

Los Angeles-Riverside-Orange County, CA ......... 107 111 111 116 108 104 89 93 96 108

Louisville, KY-IN ................................................... 99 101 97 97 95 101 107 93 101 95

Melbourne-Titusville-Palm Bay, FL ....................... 86 85 92 82 86 92 80 84 85 85

Memphis, TN-AR-MS ........................................... 95 91 100 111 94 95 98 93 98 90

Miami-Fort Lauderdale, FL ................................... 96 95 102 103 97 94 84 99 95 95

Milwaukee-Racine, WI .......................................... 99 94 95 89 100 102 107 108 108 103

Minneapolis-St. Paul, MN-WI ............................... 104 99 97 107 106 106 115 114 114 112

Mobile, AL ............................................................. 89 90 92 96 84 92 90 82 97 86

New Orleans, LA .................................................. 94 99 104 94 89 93 87 88 88 88

New York-Northern New Jersey-Long Island,

NY-NJ-CT-PA ..................................................... 116 120 116 110 117 113 98 111 117 122

Norfolk-Virginia Beach-Newport News, VA-NC .... 90 89 99 91 90 89 96 77 82 87

Oklahoma City, OK ............................................... 92 88 95 97 88 93 103 103 91 85

Orlando, FL ........................................................... 88 86 92 91 89 89 84 80 88 87

Philadelphia-Wilmington-Atlantic City,

PA-NJ-DE-MD .................................................... 108 109 102 111 108 104 109 108 117 109

Phoenix-Mesa, AZ ................................................ 96 95 102 110 96 100 88 89 86 95

Pittsburgh, PA ....................................................... 100 101 99 89 100 98 99 100 110 103

Portland-Salem, OR-WA ...................................... 101 99 98 99 102 104 98 104 102 112

Providence-Fall River-Warwick, RI-MA ................ 103 108 102 97 107 97 92 107 93 106

Raleigh-Durham-Chapel Hill, NC .......................... 95 91 100 97 96 92 100 97 94 94

Reading, PA ......................................................... 100 108 91 89 96 96 101 94 105 111

Reno, NV .............................................................. 95 96 87 107 97 101 86 96 91 98

Richland-Kennewick-Pasco, WA .......................... 99 94 99 89 103 104 92 110 92 105

Richmond-Petersburg, VA .................................... 93 92 96 89 94 96 96 87 97 90

Rochester, NY ...................................................... 102 105 101 91 97 97 96 98 107 114

See footnotes at end of table.

108
Table 4-4. Pay relatives for major occupational groups in metropolitan areas, National Compensation Survey,

1998–Continued

(For each occupational group, average pay for all industries = 100)

Metropolitan area Total

White collar1 Blue collar1

Service Professional

Executive Sales AdministrativePrecision

Machine

operators

Transportation

Handlers

Rockford, IL .......................................................... 96 92 97 95 93 99 106 102 105 95

Sacramento-Yolo, CA ........................................... 105 103 101 120 105 107 99 107 106 107

Salinas, CA ........................................................... 108 110 104 121 101 111 100 108 107 113

San Antonio, TX ................................................... 92 94 104 96 90 85 86 75 84 90

San Diego, CA ...................................................... 100 105 99 101 104 97 83 95 94 102

San Francisco-Oakland-San Jose, CA ................. 119 122 114 111 121 118 100 116 119 124

Seattle-Tacoma-Bremerton, WA .......................... 105 105 96 105 106 107 105 108 104 112

Springfield, MA ..................................................... 105 104 103 95 106 94 113 105 103 114

Springfield, MO ..................................................... 88 87 91 91 81 89 94 92 92 87

St. Louis, MO-IL .................................................... 96 94 95 99 93 99 100 96 109 96

Tallahassee, FL .................................................... 81 81 84 82 81 78 83 72 77 83

Tampa-St. Petersburg-Clearwater, FL ................. 90 89 96 94 89 87 81 84 85 89

Visalia-Tulare-Porterville, CA ............................... 97 105 98 97 93 89 90 88 92 103

Washington-Baltimore, DC-MD-VA-WV ............... 103 102 101 101 105 103 106 102 111 103

Youngstown-Warren, OH ..................................... 98 96 101 100 93 98 106 99 99 101

1 The full titles for the major occupational groups under the white-collar category

are professional specialty and technical; executive, administrative, and managerial;

sales; and administrative support, including clerical. The full titles for the groups

under the blue-collar category are precision production, craft, and repair; machine

operators, assemblers, and inspectors; transportation and material moving; and

handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers.

2 This survey covers all 50 States. Collection was conducted between July 1997

and April 1999. The average reference period was August 1998.

NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or that data did not meet

publication criteria. 

109
Table 4-5. Summary, United States and nine census divisions: Mean hourly earnings1 and weekly hours by selected

characteristics, National Compensation Survey,2 1998

Worker and establishment characteristics

United States New England Middle Atlantic

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

Mean hours

Relative

error3

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error3

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error3

(percent)

Total ........................................................... $15.72 0.5 36.5 $17.38 1.4 35.1 $18.10 1.5 35.8

Private industry ....................................... 14.95 .6 36.5 16.50 1.7 35.0 17.14 1.8 35.8

State and local government .................... 18.59 .6 36.6 21.35 1.3 35.5 21.72 1.6 35.5

Metropolitan areas .................................. 16.40 .6 36.4 17.75 1.2 35.2 18.39 1.6 35.7

Nonmetropolitan areas ........................... 12.31 1.2 37.1 14.75 3.6 34.2 13.58 1.6 36.2

Worker characteristics:4

White-collar occupations5 ....................... 19.39 .5 36.7 21.17 1.4 35.5 22.06 1.4 35.7

Professional specialty and technical ... 24.10 .6 36.4 25.65 1.2 35.0 27.00 1.7 35.2

Executive, administrative, and 

managerial ........................................ 27.78 .7 40.0 28.54 2.1 39.7 31.04 1.9 38.9

Sales ................................................... 13.28 3.6 33.0 14.56 7.1 30.3 14.98 6.4 31.6

Administrative support ........................ 12.00 .5 37.0 12.93 1.7 35.9 13.44 1.3 36.1

Blue-collar occupations5 ......................... 12.90 .6 38.5 13.24 2.6 37.7 13.85 1.6 38.3

Precision production, craft, and repair 16.58 1.0 39.8 17.72 2.1 39.9 18.33 1.6 39.4

Machine operators, assemblers, and

inspectors ......................................... 11.59 .9 39.6 11.04 3.1 38.6 11.84 1.7 39.6

Transportation and material moving ... 13.72 1.1 37.9 14.91 2.7 37.7 14.72 2.2 36.2

Handlers, equipment cleaners,

helpers, and laborers ........................ 9.69 .7 35.9 10.46 4.5 33.6 10.93 2.6 36.6

Service occupations5 .............................. 9.52 .7 33.0 10.56 1.6 30.8 11.67 2.4 32.8

Full time .................................................. 16.40 .5 39.6 18.38 1.5 39.1 18.93 1.5 38.8

Part time ................................................. 9.25 1.0 21.1 10.55 1.8 20.6 10.33 3.3 20.7

Union ...................................................... 17.76 .9 36.9 19.06 1.2 35.4 18.42 1.5 36.2

Nonunion ................................................ 15.10 .6 36.4 16.77 1.9 35.0 17.90 2.0 35.5

Time ........................................................ 15.66 .5 36.4 17.36 1.4 35.1 18.08 1.5 35.7

Incentive ................................................. 17.14 2.7 38.6 18.57 15.1 34.0 19.06 9.3 37.2

Establishment characteristics:

Goods producing6 .................................. 16.00 .8 39.8 17.04 3.3 39.5 17.43 2.8 39.7

Service producing6 ................................. 14.40 .7 35.0 16.22 1.8 33.0 17.01 1.9 34.5

50-99 workers7 ....................................... 13.04 1.1 35.2 12.90 5.7 33.1 14.77 2.7 35.6

100-499 workers ..................................... 14.21 .7 36.3 16.27 1.8 34.5 16.06 2.3 35.3

500-999 workers ..................................... 16.45 1.4 37.3 19.61 2.4 37.0 19.22 3.4 36.0

1,000-2,499 workers ............................... 16.51 7.3 36.8 20.55 4.3 36.4 20.93 2.8 36.1

2,500 workers or more ............................ 20.07 .6 37.3 21.29 1.8 36.5 22.04 1.7 36.5

See footnotes at end of table.

110
Table 4-5. Summary, United States and nine census divisions: Mean hourly earnings1 and weekly hours by selected

characteristics, National Compensation Survey,2 1998–Continued

Worker and establishment characteristics

East North Central West North Central South Atlantic

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

Mean hours

Relative

error3

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error3

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error3

(percent)

Total ........................................................... $16.08 0.8 36.2 $14.85 1.6 36.5 $14.40 1.0 37.1

Private industry ....................................... 15.44 .9 36.3 14.05 1.9 36.3 13.82 1.1 36.9

State and local government .................... 19.32 1.5 35.7 17.87 1.2 37.0 16.22 1.4 38.0

Metropolitan areas .................................. 16.55 .8 36.2 15.83 2.4 36.5 14.89 .7 37.0

Nonmetropolitan areas ........................... 13.55 1.3 36.5 12.10 2.3 36.4 12.00 4.4 37.7

Worker characteristics:4

White-collar occupations5 ....................... 19.75 1.0 36.5 17.63 2.4 36.9 17.94 .8 37.5

Professional specialty and technical ... 23.88 1.0 35.9 21.76 1.3 36.9 22.44 1.0 37.6

Executive, administrative, and 

managerial ........................................ 27.76 1.5 39.9 25.71 2.5 41.0 25.59 1.1 40.4

Sales ................................................... 15.16 5.0 32.1 12.46 4.7 32.3 12.38 3.4 32.9

Administrative support ........................ 12.02 .8 37.0 10.85 3.0 37.1 11.34 .8 38.0

Blue-collar occupations5 ......................... 13.86 .9 38.3 12.81 1.6 38.8 11.69 1.4 38.5

Precision production, craft, and repair 17.83 1.1 39.9 15.14 2.2 40.1 15.05 1.7 39.8

Machine operators, assemblers, and

inspectors ......................................... 12.81 1.5 39.8 12.03 1.5 39.2 10.55 1.8 39.6

Transportation and material moving ... 14.42 1.4 36.5 14.23 3.1 41.2 12.15 1.7 37.9

Handlers, equipment cleaners,

helpers, and laborers ........................ 10.65 1.4 34.6 9.92 1.8 35.3 8.97 2.0 36.1

Service occupations5 .............................. 9.66 1.3 31.1 9.23 1.6 31.1 8.84 1.3 33.9

Full time .................................................. 16.84 .9 39.6 15.59 1.6 40.0 15.01 1.1 39.8

Part time ................................................. 9.09 1.4 20.4 8.47 1.6 20.8 8.01 2.0 21.7

Union ...................................................... 17.38 1.0 37.4 16.72 1.8 37.1 16.62 2.3 38.1

Nonunion ................................................ 15.54 1.1 35.8 14.35 1.9 36.3 14.08 1.0 37.0

Time ........................................................ 15.95 .8 36.1 14.79 1.6 36.2 14.33 .9 37.0

Incentive ................................................. 19.09 5.8 38.5 16.16 6.0 42.5 15.94 7.1 39.3

Establishment characteristics:

Goods producing6 .................................. 16.51 1.3 39.8 15.00 2.2 39.7 14.11 1.7 39.8

Service producing6 ................................. 14.58 1.4 34.0 13.56 2.3 34.8 13.67 1.3 35.4

50-99 workers7 ....................................... 13.36 2.6 34.7 12.38 2.3 34.1 11.68 2.1 35.1

100-499 workers ..................................... 14.34 1.2 36.2 13.28 2.0 36.0 12.71 1.5 37.1

500-999 workers ..................................... 16.91 2.4 36.9 15.68 2.7 38.6 15.05 2.6 38.1

1,000-2,499 workers ............................... 17.69 2.9 36.0 15.96 5.7 37.1 16.17 2.5 37.4

2,500 workers or more ............................ 21.01 .9 37.7 19.15 2.0 37.8 18.01 .8 38.0

See footnotes at end of table.

111
Table 4-5. Summary, United States and nine census divisions: Mean hourly earnings1 and

weekly hours by selected characteristics, National Compensation Survey,2 1998–Continued

Worker and establishment characteristics

East South Central West South Central

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

Mean hours

Relative

error3

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error3

(percent)

Total ........................................................... $11.87 2.3 37.7 $14.62 1.8 37.2

Private industry ....................................... 11.21 2.6 37.9 14.27 2.3 36.9

State and local government .................... 15.93 2.2 36.8 15.63 1.2 38.0

Metropolitan areas .................................. 13.88 2.2 36.9 14.86 2.1 37.2

Nonmetropolitan areas ........................... 9.97 4.3 38.6 13.08 5.6 37.1

Worker characteristics:4

White-collar occupations5 ....................... 15.05 2.1 37.7 18.12 1.4 37.7

Professional specialty and technical ... 20.64 1.4 37.2 22.11 1.2 37.7

Executive, administrative, and 

managerial ........................................ 23.63 3.9 40.5 26.82 1.3 40.3

Sales ................................................... – – – 13.00 3.1 33.8

Administrative support ........................ 10.82 1.8 37.6 10.74 1.3 38.2

Blue-collar occupations5 ......................... 11.43 3.9 39.2 11.96 2.6 38.7

Precision production, craft, and repair 14.40 7.9 40.0 15.40 2.4 39.9

Machine operators, assemblers, and

inspectors ......................................... 11.12 5.0 39.9 10.12 3.4 39.6

Transportation and material moving ... 12.68 6.1 39.9 12.57 2.8 39.6

Handlers, equipment cleaners,

helpers, and laborers ........................ 8.55 1.5 37.5 8.37 1.9 36.0

Service occupations5 .............................. 7.63 .7 36.2 7.94 2.1 33.3

Full time .................................................. 12.14 2.4 39.9 15.28 1.6 39.8

Part time ................................................. 7.71 2.3 20.4 7.52 2.7 21.5

Union ...................................................... 13.68 11.0 38.7 17.01 4.5 37.4

Nonunion ................................................ 11.59 2.1 37.6 14.46 1.8 37.1

Time ........................................................ 11.74 2.5 37.8 14.56 1.7 37.0

Incentive ................................................. 14.67 3.8 36.7 15.92 7.3 39.7

Establishment characteristics:

Goods producing6 .................................. 13.35 3.6 40.1 15.73 2.9 40.0

Service producing6 ................................. 10.19 2.1 36.9 13.56 2.2 35.5

50-99 workers7 ....................................... 10.71 2.8 36.3 12.27 3.3 35.8

100-499 workers ..................................... 12.52 2.0 37.8 12.86 2.0 37.1

500-999 workers ..................................... 12.77 4.6 38.5 16.26 4.0 37.7

1,000-2,499 workers ............................... – – – 16.39 3.3 37.9

2,500 workers or more ............................ 17.84 2.1 35.7 17.61 2.1 37.8

See footnotes at end of table.

112
Table 4-5. Summary, United States and nine census divisions: Mean hourly earnings1 and

weekly hours by selected characteristics, National Compensation Survey,2 1998–Continued

Worker and establishment characteristics

Mountain Pacific

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

Mean hours

Relative

error3

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error3

(percent)

Total ........................................................... $14.58 2.7 36.4 $17.86 1.3 36.2

Private industry ....................................... 13.30 2.9 36.4 16.82 1.7 36.4

State and local government .................... 18.32 2.9 36.4 21.26 1.0 35.5

Metropolitan areas .................................. 14.73 3.4 36.5 18.04 1.3 36.2

Nonmetropolitan areas ........................... 13.99 3.3 36.0 14.96 2.8 35.6

Worker characteristics:4

White-collar occupations5 ....................... 17.61 3.5 36.9 21.63 1.2 36.3

Professional specialty and technical ... 22.76 4.5 36.5 27.27 1.3 35.8

Executive, administrative, and 

managerial ........................................ 24.18 3.3 41.1 30.12 2.0 40.2

Sales ................................................... 12.35 6.2 33.8 15.11 4.5 32.5

Administrative support ........................ 11.13 2.4 37.3 13.23 .9 36.3

Blue-collar occupations5 ......................... 12.90 3.3 38.2 13.78 1.9 38.3

Precision production, craft, and repair 16.45 2.9 39.7 18.26 2.2 39.6

Machine operators, assemblers, and

inspectors ......................................... 10.47 2.6 39.4 11.01 2.2 39.2

Transportation and material moving ... 13.92 7.3 37.3 14.69 4.2 37.7

Handlers, equipment cleaners,

helpers, and laborers ........................ 9.08 1.6 35.9 10.03 2.0 36.3

Service occupations5 .............................. 8.62 1.8 33.5 11.08 2.2 33.1

Full time .................................................. 15.27 2.8 39.7 18.71 1.3 39.7

Part time ................................................. 9.49 4.1 22.6 11.03 2.2 21.2

Union ...................................................... 17.38 3.6 36.9 19.14 1.3 36.4

Nonunion ................................................ 14.13 3.0 36.4 17.21 1.7 36.1

Time ........................................................ 14.55 2.6 36.4 17.83 1.3 36.2

Incentive ................................................. 15.53 11.5 37.9 18.79 6.9 37.7

Establishment characteristics:

Goods producing6 .................................. 16.14 1.9 39.9 18.60 2.7 39.7

Service producing6 ................................. 12.32 3.1 35.4 16.10 2.0 35.2

50-99 workers7 ....................................... 12.62 3.2 35.7 15.10 4.2 35.5

100-499 workers ..................................... 13.36 3.1 36.3 15.77 2.3 36.5

500-999 workers ..................................... 13.92 4.4 38.0 17.49 3.0 36.2

1,000-2,499 workers ............................... 15.36 4.7 36.1 20.56 2.7 35.2

2,500 workers or more ............................ 19.88 5.5 36.8 22.09 1.2 37.0

1 Earnings are the straight-time hourly wages or salaries

paid to employees. They include incentive pay, cost-of-living

adjustments, and hazard pay. Excluded are premium pay for

overtime, vacations, and holidays; nonproduction bonuses;

and tips. The mean is computed by totaling the pay of all

workers and dividing by the number of workers, weighted by

hours. 2 This survey covers all 50 States. Collection was

conducted between July 1997 and April 1999. The average

reference period was August 1998. 3 The relative standard error (RSE) is the standard error

expressed as a percent of the estimate. It can be used to

calculate a "confidence interval" around a sample estimate.

For more information about RSEs, see appendix A. 4 Employees are classified as working either a full-time or

a part-time schedule based on the definition used by each

establishment. Union workers are those whose wages are

determined through collective bargaining. Wages of time

workers are based solely on hourly rate or salary; incentive

workers are those whose wages are at least partially based

on productivity payments such as piece rates, commissions,

and production bonuses. 5 A classification system including about 480 individual

occupations is used to cover all workers in the civilian

economy. See appendix B for more information. 6 Classification of establishments into goods-producing

and service-producing industries applies to private industry

only. 7 Establishments classified with 50-99 workers may

contain establishments with fewer than 50 due to staff

reductions between survey sampling and collection. 

NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or that

data did not meet publication criteria. 

113
Table 4-6. New England census division:1 Mean hourly earnings2 and weekly hours by metropolitan and nonmetropolitan areas3 for

selected occupations, National Compensation Survey,4 1998

Occupation5

Total Metropolitan Nonmetropolitan

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

Mean hours

Relative

error6

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error6

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error6

(percent)

All ................................................................................................ $17.38 1.4 35.1 $17.75 1.2 35.2 $14.75 3.6 34.2

All excluding sales ............................................................... 17.55 1.4 35.4 17.96 1.2 35.6 14.73 3.5 34.2

White collar ............................................................................ 21.17 1.4 35.5 21.35 1.5 35.5 19.67 1.2 35.8

White collar excluding sales ............................................ 21.87 1.3 36.2 22.13 1.4 36.2 19.90 1.2 35.8

Professional specialty and technical ............................... 25.65 1.2 35.0 26.12 1.3 35.1 22.58 1.2 34.1

Professional specialty ...................................................... 27.73 1.2 34.9 28.19 1.3 35.0 24.73 .7 34.3

Engineers, architects, and surveyors ........................... 29.91 1.9 39.9 29.98 2.0 39.9 – – –

Chemical engineers ................................................. 30.27 3.7 40.0 30.27 3.7 40.0 – – –

Civil engineers ......................................................... 26.65 6.9 38.9 26.65 6.9 38.9 – – –

Electrical and electronic engineers .......................... 32.04 3.3 40.1 32.04 3.3 40.1 – – –

Industrial engineers ................................................. 26.85 3.9 40.8 26.85 3.9 40.8 – – –

Mechanical engineers .............................................. 26.67 3.7 40.8 25.77 5.3 41.2 – – –

Engineers, n.e.c. ...................................................... 30.58 3.2 39.6 30.58 3.2 39.6 – – –

Mathematical and computer scientists ......................... 29.23 3.0 39.6 29.77 2.5 39.7 24.08 4.7 38.8

Computer systems analysts and scientists .............. 29.87 3.3 39.6 30.59 2.5 39.8 24.08 4.7 38.8

Operations and systems researchers and analysts 24.51 4.9 39.3 24.51 4.9 39.3 – – –

Natural scientists ......................................................... 28.98 8.1 37.4 30.34 7.4 37.2 – – –

Chemists, except biochemists ................................. 29.88 17.2 38.8 29.88 17.2 38.8 – – –

Medical scientists ..................................................... 28.36 12.9 35.4 28.36 12.9 35.4 – – –

Health related .............................................................. 24.01 2.4 31.9 24.65 2.7 32.2 21.00 7.0 30.8

Physicians ................................................................ 43.64 9.8 38.3 43.40 11.6 39.7 – – –

Registered nurses .................................................... 21.82 1.2 30.9 22.63 1.2 31.4 17.77 .9 28.6

Pharmacists ............................................................. 26.37 2.5 34.4 26.37 2.5 34.4 – – –

Dietitians .................................................................. 17.93 3.6 30.6 17.93 3.6 30.6 – – –

Respiratory therapists .............................................. 19.36 3.1 34.5 19.36 3.1 34.5 – – –

Occupational therapists ........................................... 22.12 6.0 33.8 22.12 6.0 33.8 – – –

Physical therapists ................................................... 23.09 7.0 32.8 26.34 9.8 26.3 – – –

Therapists, n.e.c. ..................................................... 20.53 10.5 32.8 20.53 10.5 32.8 – – –

Physicians’ assistants .............................................. 33.08 4.7 40.0 34.84 5.1 40.0 – – –

Teachers, college and university ................................. 39.87 3.1 34.8 41.59 3.9 33.9 34.86 .3 37.5

Engineering teachers ............................................... 51.82 21.0 27.8 – – – – – –

Medical science teachers ........................................ 40.95 5.0 34.5 37.18 9.8 27.7 – – –

Business, commerce, and marketing teachers ........ 51.77 14.2 35.1 61.18 9.6 32.5 – – –

Art, drama, and music teachers ............................... 34.02 6.0 34.9 32.93 5.8 34.2 – – –

Education teachers .................................................. 43.91 14.7 35.6 – – – – – –

English teachers ...................................................... 40.43 7.6 34.7 40.43 7.6 34.7 – – –

Foreign language teachers ...................................... 35.05 10.1 34.8 35.05 10.1 34.8 – – –

Trade and industrial teachers .................................. 29.13 4.7 36.6 – – – – – –

Teachers, post secondary, subject not specified ..... 35.61 11.0 33.3 35.61 11.0 33.3 – – –

Teachers, post secondary, n.e.c. ............................. 38.31 7.4 37.3 38.39 8.1 37.0 – – –

Teachers, except college and university ...................... 30.65 2.7 32.6 31.33 2.3 32.0 27.52 5.0 35.7

Prekindergarten and kindergarten ........................... 25.22 13.7 33.8 25.22 13.7 33.8 – – –

Elementary school teachers .................................... 32.45 2.6 34.0 32.99 2.6 33.5 – – –

Secondary school teachers ..................................... 31.10 4.4 34.7 32.53 3.0 33.7 – – –

Teachers, special education .................................... 28.95 5.0 34.4 29.86 5.2 33.0 – – –

Teachers, n.e.c. ....................................................... 30.27 11.6 25.1 30.32 11.6 25.2 – – –

Substitute teachers .................................................. 9.24 11.1 15.7 9.47 13.9 16.4 – – –

Vocational and educational counselors ................... 28.58 4.7 32.5 28.86 5.9 34.1 – – –

Librarians, archivists, and curators .............................. 22.78 8.2 35.5 24.52 5.3 34.9 – – –

Librarians ................................................................. 22.80 8.8 36.6 24.69 5.6 36.2 – – –

Social scientists and urban planners ........................... 21.35 10.6 31.0 21.86 11.7 30.4 – – –

Economists .............................................................. 20.98 17.2 39.6 – – – – – –

Social, recreation, and religious workers ..................... 16.77 4.0 34.6 16.89 4.2 34.6 – – –

Social workers ......................................................... 16.89 4.2 35.0 17.02 4.4 35.1 – – –

Recreation workers .................................................. 14.28 7.6 27.5 14.28 7.6 27.5 – – –

Lawyers and judges ..................................................... 33.75 5.8 40.0 33.75 5.8 40.0 – – –

Lawyers ................................................................... 32.61 6.0 40.2 32.61 6.0 40.2 – – –

Writers, authors, entertainers, athletes, and

professionals, n.e.c. ................................................... 21.65 5.8 36.3 22.12 5.7 37.4 – – –

Technical writers ...................................................... 28.09 7.9 32.8 28.09 7.9 32.8 – – –

Designers ................................................................. 23.40 12.7 37.3 23.40 12.7 37.3 – – –

Painters, sculptors, craft artists, and artist

printmakers ............................................................ 15.84 6.4 37.9 15.84 6.4 37.9 – – –

See footnotes at end of table.

114
Table 4-6. New England census division:1 Mean hourly earnings2 and weekly hours by metropolitan and nonmetropolitan areas3 for

selected occupations, National Compensation Survey,4 1998–Continued

Occupation5

Total Metropolitan Nonmetropolitan

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

Mean hours

Relative

error6

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error6

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error6

(percent)

White collar –Continued

Professional specialty and technical –Continued

Professional specialty –Continued

Writers, authors, entertainers, athletes, and

professionals, n.e.c. –Continued

Editors and reporters ............................................... $22.18 15.0 39.2 $22.18 15.0 39.2 – – –

Public relations specialists ....................................... 19.91 8.7 37.9 20.73 9.4 37.7 – – –

Athletes .................................................................... 15.79 22.7 25.0 – – – – – –

Professional, n.e.c. .................................................. 23.39 12.2 36.2 23.39 12.2 36.2 – – –

Technical ......................................................................... 17.91 2.7 35.5 18.42 2.9 35.9 $14.54 2.0 33.4

Clinical laboratory technologists and technicians .... 15.92 4.4 35.8 15.92 4.4 35.8 – – –

Radiological technicians .......................................... 21.52 5.6 29.4 21.52 5.6 29.4 – – –

Licensed practical nurses ........................................ 15.79 1.7 29.3 16.59 1.2 30.5 13.44 1.4 26.3

Health technologists and technicians, n.e.c. ............ 14.39 5.0 32.9 14.52 5.2 34.0 – – –

Electrical and electronic technicians ........................ 18.53 2.9 39.5 18.61 3.0 39.5 – – –

Mechanical engineering technicians ........................ 19.25 4.4 40.0 19.25 4.4 40.0 – – –

Engineering technicians, n.e.c. ................................ 21.03 6.7 37.4 21.03 6.7 37.4 – – –

Drafters .................................................................... 18.81 3.1 40.0 20.62 3.5 40.0 – – –

Chemical technicians ............................................... 14.93 5.7 39.7 16.79 7.2 39.3 – – –

Science technicians, n.e.c. ...................................... 15.73 4.4 39.3 14.84 9.3 38.2 – – –

Computer programmers ........................................... 24.57 7.6 39.0 24.57 7.6 39.0 – – –

Legal assistants ....................................................... 20.33 13.1 39.3 20.33 13.1 39.3 – – –

Technical and related, n.e.c. .................................... 20.48 7.3 39.0 20.48 7.3 39.0 – – –

Executive, administrative, and managerial ..................... 28.54 2.1 39.7 28.71 2.3 39.5 27.02 3.0 41.2

Executives, administrators, and managers .................. 33.54 2.4 39.9 33.93 2.7 39.6 30.73 2.7 42.1

Legislators ............................................................... 25.86 4.5 18.6 25.86 4.5 18.6 – – –

Administrators and officials, public administration ... 26.51 8.1 37.0 28.57 4.8 36.6 – – –

Financial managers ................................................. 34.47 3.8 40.2 33.33 4.9 40.3 – – –

Personnel and labor relations managers ................. 25.82 25.3 46.3 36.92 24.8 42.1 – – –

Purchasing managers .............................................. 32.04 8.8 41.6 32.04 8.8 41.6 – – –

Managers, marketing, advertising, and public

relations ................................................................. 40.55 8.4 40.9 40.55 8.4 40.9 – – –

Administrators, education and related fields ............ 34.78 5.5 37.7 34.44 5.8 37.5 – – –

Managers, medicine and health ............................... 29.98 6.8 39.5 30.30 7.4 39.5 – – –

Managers, food servicing and lodging

establishments ....................................................... 19.21 5.7 44.1 19.21 5.7 44.1 – – –

Managers, service organizations, n.e.c. .................. 21.83 10.8 39.7 21.92 10.8 39.7 – – –

Managers and administrators, n.e.c. ....................... 37.36 3.4 40.5 37.16 3.7 40.5 – – –

Management related .................................................... 21.21 1.8 39.4 21.48 1.9 39.4 17.64 .0 39.3

Accountants and auditors ........................................ 20.01 3.3 39.2 20.21 3.6 39.1 – – –

Underwriters ............................................................ 24.04 11.1 38.6 26.08 11.4 39.6 – – –

Other financial officers ............................................. 24.27 3.2 39.6 24.35 3.3 39.9 – – –

Management analysts .............................................. 24.72 5.8 39.2 24.77 5.9 39.2 – – –

Personnel, training, and labor relations specialists .. 19.99 5.4 39.8 20.16 5.5 39.7 – – –

Buyers, wholesale and retail trade, except farm

products ................................................................. 23.55 7.4 41.3 23.55 7.4 41.3 – – –

Purchasing agents and buyers, n.e.c. ..................... 20.84 5.2 40.0 20.84 5.2 40.0 – – –

Construction inspectors ........................................... 23.58 2.7 39.7 23.58 2.7 39.7 – – –

Inspectors and compliance officers, except

construction ........................................................... 21.97 3.1 36.3 21.97 3.1 36.3 – – –

Management related, n.e.c. ..................................... 20.98 4.3 39.6 21.35 4.6 39.5 – – –

Sales ................................................................................... 14.56 7.1 30.3 14.49 7.6 30.0 15.61 5.0 34.4

Supervisors, sales ................................................... 18.99 9.4 41.8 18.51 11.1 42.2 – – –

Insurance sales ........................................................ 25.35 4.2 39.8 25.35 4.2 39.8 – – –

Securities and financial services sales .................... 29.47 24.5 41.4 29.47 24.5 41.4 – – –

Advertising and related sales ................................... 20.42 6.7 39.9 20.42 6.7 39.9 – – –

Sales, other business services ................................ 26.68 25.8 39.8 26.68 25.8 39.8 – – –

Sales representatives, mining, manufacturing, and

wholesale ............................................................... 29.61 16.1 40.5 29.61 16.1 40.5 – – –

Sales workers, motor vehicles and boats ................ 20.63 17.2 42.9 20.63 17.2 42.9 – – –

Sales workers, apparel ............................................ 7.19 3.5 28.2 7.19 3.5 28.2 – – –

See footnotes at end of table.

115
Table 4-6. New England census division:1 Mean hourly earnings2 and weekly hours by metropolitan and nonmetropolitan areas3 for

selected occupations, National Compensation Survey,4 1998–Continued

Occupation5

Total Metropolitan Nonmetropolitan

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

Mean hours

Relative

error6

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error6

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error6

(percent)

White collar –Continued

Sales –Continued

Sales workers, other commodities ........................... $10.50 10.5 27.6 $9.57 7.5 26.9 – – –

Sales counter clerks ................................................ 9.90 8.0 28.1 9.90 8.0 28.1 – – –

Cashiers ................................................................... 7.81 3.7 24.0 7.88 3.9 23.7 – – –

Sales support, n.e.c. ................................................ 13.96 6.6 38.1 13.96 6.6 38.1 – – –

Administrative support, including clerical ...................... 12.93 1.7 35.9 13.12 1.6 35.9 $11.29 5.5 36.3

Supervisors, general office ...................................... 17.26 4.8 39.6 17.80 5.4 38.9 – – –

Supervisors, financial records processing ............... 19.33 7.4 39.3 20.27 7.2 39.8 – – –

Supervisors, distribution, scheduling, and adjusting

clerks ..................................................................... 20.33 1.2 39.2 20.33 1.2 39.2 – – –

Computer operators ................................................. 15.64 4.7 37.6 15.94 4.6 37.4 – – –

Secretaries ............................................................... 14.65 1.7 36.7 14.83 1.9 37.0 13.53 .9 35.1

Typists ..................................................................... 12.98 3.2 33.9 12.98 3.2 33.9 – – –

Interviewers ............................................................. 11.60 2.3 32.7 11.57 2.4 32.5 – – –

Hotel clerks .............................................................. 9.28 4.8 31.7 9.28 4.8 31.7 – – –

Transportation ticket and reservation agents ........... 13.74 2.4 37.6 13.74 2.4 37.6 – – –

Receptionists ........................................................... 9.68 3.6 35.0 9.82 4.2 34.0 – – –

Information clerks, n.e.c. .......................................... 14.07 10.0 35.2 14.07 10.0 35.2 – – –

Correspondence clerks ............................................ 12.44 9.8 34.4 12.44 9.8 34.4 – – –

Order clerks ............................................................. 12.56 4.8 37.1 12.59 5.0 37.0 – – –

Personnel clerks, except payroll and timekeeping ... 13.42 6.9 33.9 13.42 6.9 33.9 – – –

Library clerks ........................................................... 12.24 7.3 31.9 12.67 7.5 30.9 – – –

File clerks ................................................................. 8.73 6.9 34.3 8.73 6.9 34.3 – – –

Records clerks, n.e.c. .............................................. 11.54 4.4 36.5 11.84 4.8 36.0 – – –

Bookkeepers, accounting and auditing clerks ......... 12.97 2.0 36.2 13.12 2.1 37.0 – – –

Payroll and timekeeping clerks ................................ 12.87 5.8 37.1 12.97 6.0 37.0 – – –

Billing clerks ............................................................. 11.29 4.4 38.6 11.25 4.4 38.5 – – –

Duplicating machine operators ................................ 10.07 3.2 35.7 10.07 3.2 35.7 – – –

Telephone operators ................................................ 10.57 5.9 30.7 10.57 5.9 30.7 – – –

Mail clerks, except postal service ............................ 8.79 4.7 28.2 8.79 4.7 28.2 – – –

Dispatchers .............................................................. 10.48 16.5 32.2 – – – – – –

Production coordinators ........................................... 16.37 5.9 39.5 16.37 5.9 39.5 – – –

Traffic, shipping and receiving clerks ....................... 12.05 5.8 38.5 12.65 3.6 39.7 – – –

Stock and inventory clerks ....................................... 14.19 2.4 38.9 13.98 3.4 38.5 – – –

Material recording, scheduling, and distribution

clerks, n.e.c. ........................................................... 11.73 3.0 35.9 11.73 3.0 35.9 – – –

Insurance adjusters, examiners, and investigators .. 15.35 2.4 38.3 15.35 2.4 38.3 – – –

Investigators and adjusters, except insurance ......... 13.10 3.7 36.2 13.05 3.7 36.2 – – –

Bill and account collectors ....................................... 12.93 4.4 39.6 12.93 4.4 39.6 – – –

General office clerks ................................................ 12.68 2.1 35.7 12.70 2.1 35.5 – – –

Data entry keyers ..................................................... 10.58 5.2 37.1 11.30 3.8 36.6 – – –

Statistical clerks ....................................................... 11.82 6.3 32.9 11.82 6.3 32.9 – – –

Teachers’ aides ....................................................... 10.28 5.3 32.8 11.02 4.0 30.7 – – –

Administrative support, n.e.c. .................................. 13.52 4.4 34.2 13.82 4.8 33.9 – – –

Blue collar .............................................................................. 13.24 2.6 37.7 13.80 1.4 37.6 10.00 9.6 38.7

Precision production, craft, and repair ............................ 17.72 2.1 39.9 17.92 2.3 39.9 15.57 2.8 40.4

Supervisors, mechanics and repairers .................... 24.03 2.6 40.5 24.03 2.6 40.5 – – –

Automobile mechanics ............................................. 17.90 4.3 39.5 17.90 4.3 39.5 – – –

Bus, truck, and stationary engine mechanics .......... 19.07 7.2 40.3 19.37 7.3 40.3 – – –

Industrial machinery repairers ................................. 16.11 4.1 39.9 15.33 2.0 39.8 – – –

Machinery maintenance ........................................... 13.25 4.5 40.0 13.25 4.5 40.0 – – –

Electronic repairers, communications and industrial

equipment .............................................................. 13.69 14.2 38.7 13.69 14.2 38.7 – – –

Mechanics and repairers, n.e.c. ............................... 17.40 4.3 39.7 17.40 4.3 39.7 – – –

Supervisors, construction trades, n.e.c. ................... 16.73 6.1 40.0 – – – – – –

Carpenters ............................................................... 19.81 4.9 39.7 19.81 4.9 39.7 – – –

Electricians .............................................................. 20.52 9.4 40.0 20.52 9.4 40.0 – – –

Electrical power installers and repairers .................. 23.58 2.8 40.0 23.62 2.9 40.0 – – –

Painters, construction and maintenance .................. 17.15 5.3 40.0 17.70 4.0 40.0 – – –

See footnotes at end of table.

116
Table 4-6. New England census division:1 Mean hourly earnings2 and weekly hours by metropolitan and nonmetropolitan areas3 for

selected occupations, National Compensation Survey,4 1998–Continued

Occupation5

Total Metropolitan Nonmetropolitan

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

Mean hours

Relative

error6

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error6

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error6

(percent)

Blue collar –Continued

Precision production, craft, and repair –Continued

Plumbers, pipefitters and steamfitters ..................... $20.66 4.2 40.0 $21.12 3.6 40.0 – – –

Construction trades, n.e.c. ....................................... 14.94 11.1 39.9 17.47 9.9 39.9 – – –

Supervisors, production ........................................... 18.37 3.5 40.6 19.04 4.8 40.3 – – –

Tool and die makers ................................................ 17.28 5.2 40.0 17.28 5.2 40.0 – – –

Machinists ................................................................ 17.49 2.9 40.0 17.87 2.0 40.0 – – –

Sheet metal workers ................................................ 17.26 5.1 40.0 17.26 5.1 40.0 – – –

Electrical and electronic equipment assemblers ...... 12.13 4.4 40.0 12.13 4.4 40.0 – – –

Butchers and meat cutters ....................................... 12.85 10.4 38.2 14.54 11.7 37.4 – – –

Inspectors, testers, and graders .............................. 15.04 6.7 39.7 15.08 6.9 39.7 – – –

Water and sewer treatment plant operators ............ 17.78 2.9 40.0 17.78 2.9 40.0 – – –

Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors ........... 11.04 3.1 38.6 11.57 1.6 38.5 $9.12 7.9 38.8

Lathe and turning machine operators ...................... 16.13 3.8 40.0 16.13 3.8 40.0 – – –

Punching and stamping press operators ................. 10.27 2.2 39.5 10.27 2.2 39.5 – – –

Grinding, abrading, buffing, and polishing machine

operators ................................................................ 8.19 10.5 40.0 9.86 4.4 40.0 – – –

Numerical control machine operators ...................... 14.18 1.1 40.0 14.18 1.1 40.0 – – –

Fabricating machine operators, n.e.c. ..................... 12.88 4.1 40.0 12.88 4.1 40.0 – – –

Molding and casting machine operators .................. 10.72 6.3 39.9 11.59 6.8 39.8 – – –

Metal plating machine operators .............................. 12.64 4.2 40.0 12.64 4.2 40.0 – – –

Heat treating equipment operators .......................... 13.14 7.5 40.0 13.14 7.5 40.0 – – –

Printing press operators ........................................... 14.40 4.9 38.7 14.40 4.9 38.7 – – –

Photoengravers and lithographers ........................... 13.90 12.7 39.7 13.90 12.7 39.7 – – –

Winding and twisting machine operators ................. 10.16 .0 39.8 10.13 .0 39.8 – – –

Knitting, looping, taping, and weaving machine

operators ................................................................ 10.56 .5 39.8 10.09 .0 39.5 – – –

Textile sewing machine operators ........................... 9.83 5.9 40.0 9.83 5.9 40.0 – – –

Laundering and dry cleaning machine operators ..... 8.18 6.1 32.4 8.18 6.1 32.4 – – –

Packaging and filling machine operators ................. 10.43 6.4 39.8 10.43 6.4 39.8 – – –

Extruding and forming machine operators ............... 10.07 5.1 39.2 10.41 5.2 39.0 – – –

Mixing and blending machine operators .................. 13.01 7.2 40.0 14.28 5.4 40.0 – – –

Compressing and compacting machine operators .. 10.70 9.9 34.1 10.70 9.9 34.1 – – –

Furnace, kiln, and oven operators, except food ....... 14.57 4.9 39.2 14.57 4.9 39.2 – – –

Slicing and cutting machine operators ..................... 10.89 9.6 40.0 12.76 6.9 40.0 – – –

Miscellaneous machine operators, n.e.c. ................ 10.52 6.6 38.8 11.81 3.3 39.6 7.96 8.4 37.3

Welders and cutters ................................................. 14.78 3.3 40.0 14.78 3.3 40.0 – – –

Assemblers .............................................................. 9.89 2.4 34.9 9.19 2.5 34.0 – – –

Miscellaneous hand working, n.e.c. ......................... 8.53 5.9 40.0 8.53 5.9 40.0 – – –

Production inspectors, checkers and examiners ..... 11.01 4.9 39.8 11.20 5.1 39.8 – – –

Production testers .................................................... 12.41 2.7 40.0 12.41 2.7 40.0 – – –

Transportation and material moving ............................... 14.91 2.7 37.7 14.93 2.7 37.7 – – –

Truck drivers ............................................................ 15.09 3.3 38.5 15.11 3.4 38.4 – – –

Bus drivers ............................................................... 14.43 5.6 33.5 14.61 5.6 34.0 – – –

Motor transportation, n.e.c. ...................................... 14.87 7.2 38.1 14.87 7.2 38.1 – – –

Supervisors, material moving equipment ................. 16.57 8.7 44.0 16.57 8.7 44.0 – – –

Excavating and loading machine operators ............. 23.92 4.9 40.0 23.92 4.9 40.0 – – –

Industrial truck and tractor equipment operators ..... 12.68 4.1 38.7 12.68 4.1 38.7 – – –

Miscellaneous material moving equipment

operators, n.e.c. ..................................................... 13.77 5.0 40.0 13.77 5.0 40.0 – – –

Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers ... 10.46 4.5 33.6 10.93 3.9 33.0 7.98 6.5 37.3

Groundskeepers and gardeners, except farm ......... 12.10 5.6 40.1 12.17 5.7 40.1 – – –

Construction laborers ............................................... 17.41 9.6 40.0 18.18 8.6 40.0 – – –

Production helpers ................................................... 8.12 18.9 39.6 11.80 5.7 39.0 – – –

Stock handlers and baggers .................................... 8.80 3.1 28.3 8.96 2.9 27.9 – – –

Machine feeders and offbearers .............................. 8.78 16.6 37.5 10.75 9.4 36.0 – – –

Freight, stock, and material handlers, n.e.c. ............ 11.04 5.9 32.4 10.58 5.1 31.8 – – –

Hand packers and packagers .................................. 8.53 5.4 32.6 8.64 5.7 33.0 – – –

Laborers, except construction, n.e.c. ....................... 10.36 4.0 36.3 10.22 4.4 36.3 – – –

See footnotes at end of table.

117
Table 4-6. New England census division:1 Mean hourly earnings2 and weekly hours by metropolitan and nonmetropolitan areas3 for

selected occupations, National Compensation Survey,4 1998–Continued

Occupation5

Total Metropolitan Nonmetropolitan

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

Mean hours

Relative

error6

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error6

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error6

(percent)

Service .................................................................................... $10.56 1.6 30.8 $10.90 1.7 31.6 $8.24 1.5 26.2

Protective service ........................................................ 14.75 4.4 36.2 14.79 4.6 36.2 13.69 1.6 35.6

Supervisors, firefighters and fire prevention ............ 22.79 2.1 41.7 23.23 .8 41.7 – – –

Supervisors, police and detectives .......................... 24.54 6.0 39.6 24.51 6.6 39.6 – – –

Supervisors, guards ................................................. 16.08 11.2 38.4 16.08 11.2 38.4 – – –

Firefighting ............................................................... 17.70 3.3 43.4 17.70 3.3 43.4 – – –

Police and detectives, public service ....................... 18.47 1.7 38.7 18.71 1.7 39.3 – – –

Sheriffs, bailiffs, and other law enforcement officers 16.35 7.0 39.2 17.33 6.9 39.1 – – –

Crossing guards ....................................................... 9.50 3.8 15.6 9.50 3.8 15.6 – – –

Guards and police, except public service ................ 8.90 3.1 33.6 8.90 3.2 33.4 – – –

Protective service, n.e.c. .......................................... 8.25 3.1 17.2 8.25 3.1 17.2 – – –

Food service ................................................................ 7.65 2.5 26.5 7.86 3.1 27.9 7.04 5.3 23.2

Supervisors, food preparation and service .............. 14.70 3.4 42.3 15.81 5.4 41.9 – – –

Bartenders ............................................................... 6.79 12.1 25.2 6.54 17.0 27.8 – – –

Waiters and waitresses ............................................ 4.05 13.2 23.5 3.70 7.9 24.6 4.70 25.7 21.7

Cooks ....................................................................... 10.08 2.5 30.8 10.57 2.9 33.9 – – –

Food counter, fountain, and related ......................... 6.88 7.3 21.9 6.88 7.3 21.9 – – –

Kitchen workers, food preparation ........................... 7.05 3.9 27.4 7.42 3.3 26.3 – – –

Waiters’/Waitresses’ assistants ............................... 5.73 4.3 19.6 5.36 7.1 22.1 – – –

Food preparation, n.e.c. ........................................... 7.75 2.5 25.9 7.84 2.7 27.6 6.94 4.3 16.5

Health service .............................................................. 10.14 1.0 31.4 10.28 1.1 31.9 9.12 3.8 28.2

Health aides, except nursing ................................... 9.75 2.1 27.8 10.32 2.8 30.8 8.19 2.3 21.9

Nursing aides, orderlies and attendants .................. 10.20 1.1 32.2 10.25 1.2 32.0 9.70 3.5 34.4

Cleaning and building service ...................................... 10.31 2.4 33.1 10.49 2.4 32.7 8.92 5.2 36.5

Supervisors, cleaning and building service workers 16.37 11.6 38.4 16.50 13.4 38.2 – – –

Maids and housemen .............................................. 7.97 2.7 33.7 8.14 3.3 34.4 – – –

Janitors and cleaners ............................................... 10.36 2.8 32.8 10.50 2.7 32.3 9.00 8.2 38.6

Personal service .......................................................... 10.41 5.9 27.2 10.47 6.2 28.2 – – –

Supervisors, personal service .................................. 12.85 5.6 41.0 12.79 6.7 41.2 – – –

Welfare service aides .............................................. 10.77 6.7 22.5 11.16 5.9 25.3 – – –

Early childhood teachers’ assistants ........................ 7.16 4.8 30.9 – – – – – –

Child care workers, n.e.c. ........................................ 8.83 5.9 26.4 8.81 6.1 26.1 – – –

Service, n.e.c. .......................................................... 10.36 5.0 29.1 10.36 5.0 29.1 – – –

1 The New England census division consists of Maine, New Hampshire, Vermont,

Massachusetts, Rhode Island, and Connecticut. 2 Earnings are the straight-time hourly wages or salaries paid to employees. They

include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard pay. Excluded are premium

pay for overtime, vacations, and holidays; nonproduction bonuses; and tips. The mean is

computed by totaling the pay of all workers and dividing by the number of workers,

weighted by hours. 3 Metropolitan areas can be a Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA) or Consolidated

Metropolitan Statistical Area (CMSA) as defined by the Office of Management and Budget,

1994. Nonmetropolitan areas are counties that do not fit the definitions above. For more

information, see appendix E.

4 In this census division, collection was conducted between May 1998 and April 1999.

The average reference period was November 1998. 5 A classification system including about 480 individual occupations is used to cover all

workers in the civilian economy. For more information, see appendix B. 6 The relative standard error (RSE) is the standard error expressed as a percent of the

estimate. It can be used to calculate a "confidence interval" around a sample estimate. For

more information about RSEs, see appendix A.

NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or that data did not meet publication

criteria, and n.e.c. means "not elsewhere classified." Overall occupational groups may

include data for categories not shown separately. 

118
Table 4-7. Middle Atlantic census division:1 Mean hourly earnings2 and weekly hours by metropolitan and nonmetropolitan areas3

for selected occupations, National Compensation Survey,4 1998

Occupation5

Total Metropolitan Nonmetropolitan

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

Mean hours

Relative

error6

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error6

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error6

(percent)

All ................................................................................................ $18.10 1.5 35.8 $18.39 1.6 35.7 $13.58 1.6 36.2

All excluding sales ............................................................... 18.30 1.5 36.1 18.60 1.6 36.0 13.57 2.2 36.4

White collar ............................................................................ 22.06 1.4 35.7 22.30 1.5 35.7 16.95 2.4 35.3

White collar excluding sales ............................................ 22.88 1.4 36.3 23.14 1.4 36.3 17.43 .7 35.7

Professional specialty and technical ............................... 27.00 1.7 35.2 27.34 1.8 35.2 20.94 1.7 34.1

Professional specialty ...................................................... 29.12 1.5 35.1 29.51 1.6 35.2 22.39 .4 33.4

Engineers, architects, and surveyors ........................... 27.99 1.9 39.7 28.50 1.9 39.5 – – –

Architects ................................................................. 22.84 12.8 41.4 22.84 12.8 41.4 – – –

Metallurgical and materials engineers ..................... 25.24 4.2 40.1 25.24 4.2 40.1 – – –

Chemical engineers ................................................. 33.02 5.7 39.7 33.02 5.7 39.7 – – –

Nuclear engineers .................................................... 35.65 8.7 40.0 35.65 8.7 40.0 – – –

Civil engineers ......................................................... 26.07 5.3 39.5 26.07 5.3 39.5 – – –

Electrical and electronic engineers .......................... 29.73 2.1 39.3 29.81 2.0 39.3 – – –

Industrial engineers ................................................. 24.85 12.9 41.1 28.53 7.9 39.8 – – –

Mechanical engineers .............................................. 25.18 4.3 38.3 25.71 4.1 38.2 – – –

Engineers, n.e.c. ...................................................... 29.88 2.5 39.6 29.88 2.5 39.6 – – –

Mathematical and computer scientists ......................... 32.31 5.2 39.4 32.36 5.2 39.4 – – –

Computer systems analysts and scientists .............. 29.87 2.6 39.5 29.92 2.6 39.5 – – –

Operations and systems researchers and analysts 42.90 9.3 39.5 42.90 9.3 39.5 – – –

Statisticians .............................................................. 27.89 6.9 35.6 27.89 6.9 35.6 – – –

Natural scientists ......................................................... 30.23 4.3 39.2 30.23 4.3 39.2 – – –

Chemists, except biochemists ................................. 34.05 6.6 39.6 34.05 6.6 39.6 – – –

Physical scientists, n.e.c. ......................................... 26.00 5.7 39.9 26.00 5.7 39.9 – – –

Biological and life scientists ..................................... 30.63 6.5 38.0 30.63 6.5 38.0 – – –

Medical scientists ..................................................... 28.77 10.4 37.9 28.77 10.4 37.9 – – –

Health related .............................................................. 23.94 1.9 33.5 24.18 2.0 33.9 20.79 2.2 29.4

Physicians ................................................................ 29.37 5.4 40.0 28.31 5.7 40.0 – – –

Registered nurses .................................................... 23.17 1.8 32.5 23.62 2.0 32.9 17.78 1.6 28.5

Pharmacists ............................................................. 27.40 2.8 35.0 27.33 3.1 34.7 – – –

Dietitians .................................................................. 16.61 4.0 35.6 16.61 4.0 35.6 – – –

Respiratory therapists .............................................. 20.78 2.3 32.3 20.78 2.3 32.3 – – –

Occupational therapists ........................................... 24.12 6.6 30.1 24.12 6.6 30.1 – – –

Physical therapists ................................................... 26.95 5.7 33.6 27.15 5.8 34.4 – – –

Speech therapists .................................................... 22.30 9.1 24.8 22.89 10.7 26.0 – – –

Therapists, n.e.c. ..................................................... 16.28 5.0 37.1 16.91 5.0 37.6 – – –

Physicians’ assistants .............................................. 24.61 11.5 37.3 24.61 11.5 37.3 – – –

Teachers, college and university ................................. 41.23 2.7 32.6 41.83 2.8 32.3 33.78 1.5 37.4

Biological science teachers ..................................... 35.79 4.8 32.6 37.83 2.2 31.3 – – –

Chemistry teachers .................................................. 37.13 18.6 35.3 37.13 18.6 35.3 – – –

Natural science teachers, n.e.c. .............................. 48.95 3.3 39.0 48.95 3.3 39.0 – – –

Psychology teachers ................................................ 38.83 14.0 31.8 38.83 14.0 31.8 – – –

Mathematical science teachers ............................... 42.43 13.3 36.0 42.43 13.3 36.0 – – –

Medical science teachers ........................................ 69.75 10.2 26.0 69.75 10.2 26.0 – – –

Health specialities teachers ..................................... 29.77 4.5 38.8 29.77 4.5 38.8 – – –

Business, commerce, and marketing teachers ........ 46.86 8.5 32.2 48.63 8.5 32.4 – – –

Art, drama, and music teachers ............................... 29.68 4.8 30.0 27.38 3.9 28.3 – – –

Education teachers .................................................. 32.26 6.7 27.6 30.88 9.2 25.1 – – –

English teachers ...................................................... 40.23 10.4 35.9 43.52 9.9 35.7 – – –

Theology teachers ................................................... 45.15 10.4 34.9 45.15 10.4 34.9 – – –

Teachers, post secondary, subject not specified ..... 33.85 7.3 35.8 32.40 8.1 35.0 – – –

Teachers, post secondary, n.e.c. ............................. 39.78 5.8 30.6 39.78 5.8 30.6 – – –

Teachers, except college and university ...................... 33.46 2.3 33.1 33.99 2.3 33.1 26.17 5.6 33.9

Prekindergarten and kindergarten ........................... 28.51 15.8 33.0 28.51 15.8 33.0 – – –

Elementary school teachers .................................... 35.70 2.5 34.5 36.18 2.4 34.4 – – –

Secondary school teachers ..................................... 36.02 3.8 35.8 36.74 3.8 35.8 – – –

Teachers, special education .................................... 34.31 3.5 33.3 34.40 3.6 33.2 – – –

Teachers, n.e.c. ....................................................... 32.67 4.3 30.3 32.94 4.4 30.0 – – –

Substitute teachers .................................................. 10.18 3.4 21.0 10.33 3.6 22.7 – – –

Vocational and educational counselors ................... 27.08 11.8 35.4 28.25 13.6 35.0 23.16 9.6 37.1

Librarians, archivists, and curators .............................. 24.03 7.9 35.3 24.03 7.9 35.3 – – –

Librarians ................................................................. 25.44 7.2 34.6 25.44 7.2 34.6 – – –

Social scientists and urban planners ........................... 28.60 7.5 35.3 28.60 7.5 35.3 – – –

Economists .............................................................. 29.16 7.9 37.8 29.16 7.9 37.8 – – –

See footnotes at end of table.

119
Table 4-7. Middle Atlantic census division:1 Mean hourly earnings2 and weekly hours by metropolitan and nonmetropolitan areas3

for selected occupations, National Compensation Survey,4 1998–Continued

Occupation5

Total Metropolitan Nonmetropolitan

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

Mean hours

Relative

error6

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error6

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error6

(percent)

White collar –Continued

Professional specialty and technical –Continued

Professional specialty –Continued

Social scientists and urban planners –Continued

Psychologists ........................................................... $28.99 11.5 33.6 $28.99 11.5 33.6 – – –

Social, recreation, and religious workers ..................... 18.06 2.8 35.7 18.25 3.2 35.6 $16.73 3.2 36.5

Social workers ......................................................... 18.27 3.0 35.9 18.45 3.3 35.8 17.04 3.5 36.6

Recreation workers .................................................. 14.13 8.2 33.0 14.42 8.1 32.9 – – –

Lawyers and judges ..................................................... 38.47 7.2 39.0 38.81 7.4 39.2 – – –

Lawyers ................................................................... 38.45 7.3 39.3 38.79 7.4 39.6 – – –

Writers, authors, entertainers, athletes, and

professionals, n.e.c. ................................................... 28.22 7.1 35.7 28.42 7.1 35.7 – – –

Technical writers ...................................................... 22.21 10.1 40.0 22.21 10.1 40.0 – – –

Designers ................................................................. 23.15 4.6 38.9 23.15 4.6 38.9 – – –

Actors and directors ................................................. 38.70 13.5 34.1 38.70 13.5 34.1 – – –

Editors and reporters ............................................... 28.31 12.6 37.1 28.40 12.7 37.1 – – –

Public relations specialists ....................................... 22.23 7.2 37.1 22.85 7.0 37.4 – – –

Athletes .................................................................... 16.54 9.1 17.8 16.84 10.8 15.8 – – –

Professional, n.e.c. .................................................. 28.55 7.0 39.3 28.55 7.0 39.3 – – –

Technical ......................................................................... 19.08 4.3 35.6 19.29 4.5 35.4 14.68 8.7 37.9

Clinical laboratory technologists and technicians .... 16.75 4.0 35.7 16.87 4.0 35.6 – – –

Health record technologists and technicians ........... 12.92 8.9 29.5 12.92 8.9 29.5 – – –

Radiological technicians .......................................... 17.98 4.7 31.9 17.98 4.7 31.9 – – –

Licensed practical nurses ........................................ 14.43 2.1 33.1 14.64 2.2 32.8 12.11 6.4 35.7

Health technologists and technicians, n.e.c. ............ 15.44 2.2 34.2 15.52 2.3 34.0 – – –

Electrical and electronic technicians ........................ 17.51 5.5 39.5 18.33 3.2 39.5 – – –

Mechanical engineering technicians ........................ 21.05 2.2 39.3 21.05 2.2 39.3 – – –

Engineering technicians, n.e.c. ................................ 19.04 2.1 39.4 19.04 2.1 39.4 – – –

Drafters .................................................................... 17.30 6.7 40.0 17.30 6.7 40.0 – – –

Surveying and mapping technicians ........................ 14.03 12.0 38.8 14.03 12.0 38.8 – – –

Biological technicians .............................................. 19.17 5.1 37.8 19.17 5.1 37.8 – – –

Chemical technicians ............................................... 17.58 4.1 39.8 17.58 4.1 39.8 – – –

Science technicians, n.e.c. ...................................... 16.53 6.5 38.4 16.53 6.5 38.4 – – –

Airplane pilots and navigators .................................. 83.07 27.5 23.8 108.69 13.0 20.1 – – –

Broadcast equipment operators ............................... 25.65 13.1 33.5 25.65 13.1 33.5 – – –

Computer programmers ........................................... 21.05 5.7 38.3 22.05 4.0 38.2 – – –

Legal assistants ....................................................... 18.65 5.0 38.2 18.65 5.0 38.2 – – –

Technical and related, n.e.c. .................................... 21.08 3.9 37.3 21.25 3.9 37.4 – – –

Executive, administrative, and managerial ..................... 31.04 1.9 38.9 31.35 1.9 38.9 21.46 3.0 38.5

Executives, administrators, and managers .................. 35.74 2.0 39.3 36.30 2.0 39.3 21.96 3.1 38.9

Administrators and officials, public administration ... 29.07 5.6 36.8 30.99 5.7 36.8 21.98 5.1 36.8

Financial managers ................................................. 40.56 6.2 39.2 41.42 6.1 39.1 – – –

Personnel and labor relations managers ................. 36.84 5.3 39.5 38.75 5.0 39.7 – – –

Purchasing managers .............................................. 30.70 6.3 40.7 30.70 6.3 40.7 – – –

Managers, marketing, advertising, and public

relations ................................................................. 38.04 4.8 39.8 38.06 4.8 39.8 – – –

Administrators, education and related fields ............ 35.85 7.1 36.5 36.73 7.1 36.3 25.70 11.0 38.7

Managers, medicine and health ............................... 33.29 5.6 38.6 33.71 5.7 38.6 – – –

Managers, food servicing and lodging

establishments ....................................................... 21.77 12.1 42.7 23.46 10.6 43.1 – – –

Managers, properties and real estate ...................... 29.05 2.4 39.6 29.05 2.4 39.6 – – –

Managers, service organizations, n.e.c. .................. 33.43 9.6 38.1 34.52 9.0 37.8 – – –

Managers and administrators, n.e.c. ....................... 35.96 2.5 40.1 36.07 2.6 40.1 – – –

Management related .................................................... 23.84 2.9 38.3 23.92 2.9 38.3 20.04 8.1 37.2

Accountants and auditors ........................................ 22.78 3.2 38.3 22.94 3.2 38.3 – – –

Underwriters ............................................................ 34.64 12.9 38.7 34.64 12.9 38.7 – – –

Other financial officers ............................................. 28.73 10.4 37.2 28.84 10.4 37.5 – – –

Management analysts .............................................. 29.08 5.6 38.7 29.08 5.6 38.7 – – –

Personnel, training, and labor relations specialists .. 22.78 5.6 39.1 22.81 5.6 39.2 – – –

Buyers, wholesale and retail trade, except farm

products ................................................................. 24.35 10.6 40.5 24.35 10.6 40.5 – – –

Purchasing agents and buyers, n.e.c. ..................... 22.92 8.9 39.1 22.92 8.9 39.1 – – –

See footnotes at end of table.

120
Table 4-7. Middle Atlantic census division:1 Mean hourly earnings2 and weekly hours by metropolitan and nonmetropolitan areas3

for selected occupations, National Compensation Survey,4 1998–Continued

Occupation5

Total Metropolitan Nonmetropolitan

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

Mean hours

Relative

error6

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error6

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error6

(percent)

White collar –Continued

Executive, administrative, and managerial –Continued

Management related –Continued

Construction inspectors ........................................... $20.64 8.2 36.3 $20.64 8.2 36.3 – – –

Inspectors and compliance officers, except

construction ........................................................... 20.06 9.6 37.9 20.06 9.6 37.9 – – –

Management related, n.e.c. ..................................... 23.00 4.2 38.4 23.05 4.3 38.4 – – –

Sales ................................................................................... 14.98 6.4 31.6 15.05 6.7 31.5 $13.85 15.8 33.0

Supervisors, sales ................................................... 22.69 9.5 40.5 23.02 9.9 40.5 – – –

Insurance sales ........................................................ 18.42 13.2 39.1 18.42 13.2 39.1 – – –

Securities and financial services sales .................... 45.57 8.3 39.7 45.57 8.3 39.7 – – –

Advertising and related sales ................................... 18.95 4.9 37.1 18.95 4.9 37.1 – – –

Sales, other business services ................................ 20.92 10.4 34.6 20.92 10.4 34.6 – – –

Sales engineers ....................................................... 22.44 9.0 43.2 22.44 9.0 43.2 – – –

Sales representatives, mining, manufacturing, and

wholesale ............................................................... 26.23 7.0 41.6 26.43 8.8 40.1 – – –

Sales workers, motor vehicles and boats ................ 23.34 19.0 44.9 23.34 19.0 44.9 – – –

Sales workers, apparel ............................................ 7.46 5.8 29.2 7.50 6.1 28.8 – – –

Sales workers, shoes ............................................... 9.45 6.7 31.4 9.45 6.7 31.4 – – –

Sales workers, furniture and home furnishings ........ 13.74 16.7 37.8 14.48 13.9 37.6 – – –

Sales workers, radio, tv, hi-fi, and appliances ......... 9.86 8.5 36.0 10.36 7.4 35.5 – – –

Sales workers, hardware and building supplies ....... 12.43 8.5 36.0 12.43 8.5 36.0 – – –

Sales workers, parts ................................................ 17.45 22.3 36.9 17.45 22.3 36.9 – – –

Sales workers, other commodities ........................... 8.85 4.6 27.6 9.00 4.7 27.7 6.19 1.1 26.5

Sales counter clerks ................................................ 8.57 6.1 28.6 8.57 6.1 28.6 – – –

Cashiers ................................................................... 8.26 3.5 26.5 8.34 3.6 26.6 6.99 8.8 24.2

Demonstrators, promoters, and models, sales ........ 9.50 9.8 26.5 8.87 9.5 25.6 – – –

Sales support, n.e.c. ................................................ 13.72 10.6 34.5 13.72 10.6 34.5 – – –

Administrative support, including clerical ...................... 13.44 1.3 36.1 13.56 1.3 36.1 10.68 2.6 36.9

Supervisors, general office ...................................... 19.01 3.9 38.2 19.08 3.9 38.2 – – –

Supervisors, computer equipment operators ........... 20.37 5.5 38.1 20.37 5.5 38.1 – – –

Supervisors, financial records processing ............... 18.19 4.3 38.2 18.56 4.7 38.4 – – –

Supervisors, distribution, scheduling, and adjusting

clerks ..................................................................... 18.67 10.1 40.1 18.67 10.1 40.1 – – –

Computer operators ................................................. 14.78 3.5 38.3 14.82 3.5 38.3 – – –

Peripheral equipment operators .............................. 10.75 8.4 33.2 10.20 10.0 32.6 – – –

Secretaries ............................................................... 14.74 1.7 37.0 14.83 1.7 37.0 11.68 1.7 37.6

Stenographers ......................................................... 16.35 4.4 35.1 16.98 4.6 34.8 – – –

Typists ..................................................................... 12.66 2.7 34.2 12.66 2.8 34.2 – – –

Interviewers ............................................................. 10.72 5.8 27.9 10.77 6.0 28.3 – – –

Hotel clerks .............................................................. 9.70 6.3 38.6 9.75 6.3 38.6 – – –

Transportation ticket and reservation agents ........... 14.81 5.3 34.9 14.81 5.3 34.9 – – –

Receptionists ........................................................... 10.38 2.7 34.3 10.40 2.7 34.3 – – –

Information clerks, n.e.c. .......................................... 14.36 14.0 34.5 14.39 14.0 34.5 – – –

Correspondence clerks ............................................ 13.31 5.1 37.8 13.31 5.1 37.8 – – –

Order clerks ............................................................. 15.28 4.4 38.7 15.54 4.2 38.8 – – –

Personnel clerks, except payroll and timekeeping ... 14.71 3.7 38.7 14.71 3.7 38.7 – – –

Library clerks ........................................................... 11.56 2.9 26.6 11.56 2.9 26.6 – – –

File clerks ................................................................. 10.24 3.9 36.0 10.24 3.9 36.0 – – –

Records clerks, n.e.c. .............................................. 12.64 3.1 36.4 12.67 3.1 36.4 – – –

Bookkeepers, accounting and auditing clerks ......... 13.12 2.1 37.6 13.33 2.2 37.5 10.50 2.6 39.5

Payroll and timekeeping clerks ................................ 12.95 4.8 38.5 13.22 4.8 38.6 – – –

Billing clerks ............................................................. 11.11 4.4 38.5 11.67 3.0 38.2 – – –

Billing, posting, and calculating machine operators 10.69 7.8 29.9 10.69 7.8 29.9 – – –

Duplicating machine operators ................................ 9.44 5.4 32.3 9.44 5.4 32.3 – – –

Office machine operators, n.e.c. .............................. 8.61 9.9 37.3 8.61 9.9 37.3 – – –

Telephone operators ................................................ 14.18 5.1 36.0 14.19 5.1 36.0 – – –

Mail clerks, except postal service ............................ 10.64 8.8 37.6 10.67 8.9 37.6 – – –

Messengers ............................................................. 8.93 15.6 37.4 8.95 15.8 37.5 – – –

Dispatchers .............................................................. 15.60 9.0 38.5 15.90 8.9 38.4 – – –

Production coordinators ........................................... 15.67 7.4 38.7 16.49 6.1 38.5 – – –

See footnotes at end of table.

121
Table 4-7. Middle Atlantic census division:1 Mean hourly earnings2 and weekly hours by metropolitan and nonmetropolitan areas3

for selected occupations, National Compensation Survey,4 1998–Continued

Occupation5

Total Metropolitan Nonmetropolitan

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

Mean hours

Relative

error6

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error6

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error6

(percent)

White collar –Continued

Administrative support, including clerical –Continued

Traffic, shipping and receiving clerks ....................... $11.82 2.7 39.3 $11.82 2.7 39.3 – – –

Stock and inventory clerks ....................................... 12.16 5.7 35.1 12.27 6.0 34.5 $11.35 16.9 40.0

Meter readers .......................................................... 18.38 3.3 40.0 18.39 3.3 40.0 – – –

Weighers, measurers, checkers, and samplers ....... 12.63 22.2 38.6 12.63 22.2 38.6 – – –

Expeditors ................................................................ 13.24 9.8 36.0 13.24 9.8 36.0 – – –

Material recording, scheduling, and distribution

clerks, n.e.c. ........................................................... 11.29 8.0 34.1 11.28 8.1 33.9 – – –

Insurance adjusters, examiners, and investigators .. 16.36 13.1 39.1 16.36 13.1 39.1 – – –

Investigators and adjusters, except insurance ......... 14.95 7.8 38.1 14.98 7.8 38.1 – – –

Eligibility clerks, social welfare ................................. 14.26 3.3 35.8 14.49 3.7 36.0 – – –

Bill and account collectors ....................................... 13.84 8.4 38.3 14.08 8.4 38.2 – – –

General office clerks ................................................ 12.58 2.9 35.3 12.64 3.0 35.4 10.89 5.8 33.6

Bank tellers .............................................................. 9.67 1.6 34.4 9.67 1.6 34.3 – – –

Proofreaders ............................................................ 11.97 12.3 36.7 11.97 12.3 36.7 – – –

Data entry keyers ..................................................... 10.54 2.6 37.4 10.80 2.9 37.0 9.12 3.1 39.9

Statistical clerks ....................................................... 12.02 6.7 36.4 12.02 6.7 36.4 – – –

Teachers’ aides ....................................................... 10.97 6.2 28.2 11.10 6.4 28.2 – – –

Administrative support, n.e.c. .................................. 13.36 4.1 34.7 13.40 4.1 34.8 – – –

Blue collar .............................................................................. 13.85 1.6 38.3 14.12 1.7 38.3 10.97 2.7 38.2

Precision production, craft, and repair ............................ 18.33 1.6 39.4 18.67 1.7 39.4 13.55 2.1 40.0

Supervisors, mechanics and repairers .................... 23.68 5.1 39.7 23.68 5.1 39.7 – – –

Automobile mechanics ............................................. 19.33 6.6 40.0 19.33 6.6 40.0 – – –

Bus, truck, and stationary engine mechanics .......... 16.80 2.6 40.0 16.80 2.6 40.0 – – –

Automobile body and related repairers .................... 13.60 1.6 40.2 13.60 1.6 40.2 – – –

Aircraft mechanics, except engine ........................... 19.46 5.8 40.0 – – – – – –

Heavy equipment mechanics ................................... 17.44 12.0 40.0 17.44 12.0 40.0 – – –

Industrial machinery repairers ................................. 15.40 7.3 39.9 16.77 2.6 39.9 – – –

Machinery maintenance ........................................... 17.40 4.3 40.1 17.47 4.3 40.1 – – –

Electronic repairers, communications and industrial

equipment .............................................................. 21.99 5.2 38.8 21.99 5.2 38.8 – – –

Household appliance and power tool repairers ....... 20.45 6.5 40.0 20.45 6.5 40.0 – – –

Telephone installers and repairers .......................... 17.78 3.5 40.0 17.38 3.3 40.0 – – –

Heating, air conditioning, and refrigeration

mechanics .............................................................. 19.84 4.0 39.9 19.84 4.0 39.9 – – –

Mechanical controls and valve repairers ................. 23.76 4.4 40.0 23.76 4.4 40.0 – – –

Millwrights ................................................................ 17.47 8.1 40.0 17.47 8.1 40.0 – – –

Mechanics and repairers, n.e.c. ............................... 17.88 2.4 39.3 18.20 2.1 39.2 – – –

Supervisors, electricians and power transmission

installers ................................................................. 30.48 8.7 39.2 30.47 9.0 39.2 – – –

Supervisors, construction trades, n.e.c. ................... 20.88 8.0 39.6 21.37 7.9 39.6 – – –

Carpenters ............................................................... 18.33 5.4 38.9 18.40 5.6 38.9 – – –

Electricians .............................................................. 20.48 5.3 39.5 20.48 5.3 39.5 – – –

Electrician apprentices ............................................. 17.02 12.6 39.9 17.02 12.6 39.9 – – –

Electrical power installers and repairers .................. 25.11 2.7 40.0 25.02 2.9 40.0 – – –

Painters, construction and maintenance .................. 20.03 10.5 37.7 20.03 10.5 37.7 – – –

Plumbers, pipefitters and steamfitters ..................... 21.34 3.9 39.5 21.56 3.9 39.5 – – –

Construction trades, n.e.c. ....................................... 15.87 6.1 39.3 16.47 6.1 39.2 – – –

Supervisors, production ........................................... 19.68 2.6 40.2 19.68 2.6 40.2 – – –

Tool and die makers ................................................ 19.26 2.2 40.0 19.26 2.2 40.0 – – –

Precision assemblers, metal .................................... 16.97 6.3 40.0 16.97 6.3 40.0 – – –

Machinists ................................................................ 17.01 3.9 40.0 17.01 3.9 40.0 – – –

Patternmakers and modelmakers, metal ................. 23.31 3.3 40.0 23.31 3.3 40.0 – – –

Sheet metal workers ................................................ 15.19 14.2 40.0 15.19 14.2 40.0 – – –

Electrical and electronic equipment assemblers ...... 11.28 4.4 39.6 11.34 4.7 39.6 – – –

Miscellaneous precision workers, n.e.c. .................. 19.10 8.0 40.0 19.10 8.0 40.0 – – –

Butchers and meat cutters ....................................... 14.18 5.9 38.5 13.91 8.6 37.9 – – –

Bakers ...................................................................... 11.01 12.7 36.5 11.01 12.7 36.5 – – –

Inspectors, testers, and graders .............................. 18.84 5.5 40.0 18.84 5.5 40.0 – – –

Water and sewer treatment plant operators ............ 15.95 4.4 40.0 15.95 4.4 40.0 – – –

See footnotes at end of table.

122
Table 4-7. Middle Atlantic census division:1 Mean hourly earnings2 and weekly hours by metropolitan and nonmetropolitan areas3

for selected occupations, National Compensation Survey,4 1998–Continued

Occupation5

Total Metropolitan Nonmetropolitan

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

Mean hours

Relative

error6

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error6

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error6

(percent)

Blue collar –Continued

Precision production, craft, and repair –Continued

Stationary engineers ................................................ $18.78 4.3 38.5 $19.38 4.6 38.3 – – –

Miscellaneous plant and system operators, n.e.c. ... 19.84 6.7 41.3 19.84 6.7 41.3 – – –

Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors ........... 11.84 1.7 39.6 12.11 1.9 39.6 $9.42 5.8 39.9

Lathe and turning machine operators ...................... 14.50 7.6 39.3 14.50 7.6 39.3 – – –

Punching and stamping press operators ................. 12.13 9.5 40.0 12.13 9.5 40.0 – – –

Rolling machine operators ....................................... 17.52 6.0 40.0 17.52 6.0 40.0 – – –

Drilling and boring machine operators ..................... 14.76 7.0 40.0 14.76 7.0 40.0 – – –

Grinding, abrading, buffing, and polishing machine

operators ................................................................ 13.25 4.1 40.0 13.91 4.1 40.0 – – –

Numerical control machine operators ...................... 13.20 6.3 40.0 13.20 6.3 40.0 – – –

Fabricating machine operators, n.e.c. ..................... 14.14 5.2 40.0 14.14 5.2 40.0 – – –

Molding and casting machine operators .................. 10.19 9.7 39.9 10.23 9.9 39.9 – – –

Metal plating machine operators .............................. 12.45 3.5 40.0 12.45 3.5 40.0 – – –

Heat treating equipment operators .......................... 16.16 6.2 39.7 16.16 6.2 39.7 – – –

Printing press operators ........................................... 15.79 4.9 39.7 16.03 5.0 39.6 – – –

Photoengravers and lithographers ........................... 13.20 6.6 36.6 13.20 6.6 36.6 – – –

Typesetters and compositors ................................... 16.65 9.9 33.3 16.65 9.9 33.3 – – –

Winding and twisting machine operators ................. 10.63 6.3 38.9 10.63 6.3 38.9 – – –

Knitting, looping, taping, and weaving machine

operators ................................................................ 10.60 7.2 40.0 10.60 7.2 40.0 – – –

Textile cutting machine operators ............................ 7.87 7.2 40.0 7.87 7.2 40.0 – – –

Textile sewing machine operators ........................... 7.53 3.8 39.6 7.53 3.8 39.6 – – –

Pressing machine operators .................................... 8.11 17.4 36.2 8.11 17.4 36.2 – – –

Laundering and dry cleaning machine operators ..... 9.75 4.7 35.0 9.68 4.9 35.2 – – –

Packaging and filling machine operators ................. 10.20 9.6 40.0 10.39 10.3 40.0 – – –

Extruding and forming machine operators ............... 11.22 7.1 40.0 11.22 7.1 40.0 – – –

Mixing and blending machine operators .................. 14.04 4.5 40.0 14.04 4.5 40.0 – – –

Separating, filtering, and clarifying machine

operators ................................................................ 14.25 5.0 38.7 14.25 5.0 38.7 – – –

Compressing and compacting machine operators .. – – – 11.39 11.6 40.0 – – –

Painting and paint spraying machine operators ....... 13.52 5.4 40.0 13.52 5.4 40.0 – – –

Folding machine operators ...................................... 10.92 7.8 39.2 10.92 7.8 39.2 – – –

Furnace, kiln, and oven operators, except food ....... 12.63 4.2 39.3 12.63 4.2 39.3 – – –

Crushing and grinding machine operators ............... 15.22 6.1 39.1 14.13 2.5 38.9 – – –

Slicing and cutting machine operators ..................... 12.42 3.3 40.0 12.42 3.3 40.0 – – –

Photographic process machine operators ............... 10.61 3.9 39.7 10.61 3.9 39.7 – – –

Miscellaneous machine operators, n.e.c. ................ 13.39 2.2 39.9 13.39 2.2 39.9 – – –

Welders and cutters ................................................. 16.24 4.8 40.0 16.26 4.8 40.0 – – –

Solders and braziers ................................................ 10.19 5.1 40.0 10.19 5.1 40.0 – – –

Assemblers .............................................................. 9.97 6.2 39.5 10.64 3.0 39.5 – – –

Hand painting, coating, and decorating ................... 12.55 18.4 40.0 12.55 18.4 40.0 – – –

Miscellaneous hand working, n.e.c. ......................... 11.31 6.0 40.0 11.31 6.0 40.0 – – –

Production inspectors, checkers and examiners ..... 11.85 4.7 39.9 12.43 2.9 39.9 – – –

Production testers .................................................... 12.55 3.1 40.0 12.55 3.1 40.0 – – –

Transportation and material moving ............................... 14.72 2.2 36.2 14.68 2.2 36.5 16.09 7.4 28.3

Supervisors, motor vehicle operators ...................... 18.83 3.4 40.0 18.83 3.4 40.0 – – –

Truck drivers ............................................................ 14.98 2.8 38.3 14.88 2.9 38.3 – – –

Driver-sales workers ................................................ 17.99 4.2 40.3 17.99 4.2 40.3 – – –

Bus drivers ............................................................... 14.26 3.9 30.4 14.22 4.1 31.7 – – –

Taxicab drivers and chauffeurs ................................ 10.24 11.5 31.5 10.24 11.5 31.5 – – –

Motor transportation, n.e.c. ...................................... 12.33 8.9 36.7 12.33 9.2 36.6 – – –

Locomotive operating .............................................. 19.06 5.5 40.0 19.06 5.5 40.0 – – –

Supervisors, material moving equipment ................. 18.91 5.1 39.2 19.20 6.0 39.6 – – –

Operating engineers ................................................ 17.96 9.3 40.0 17.96 9.3 40.0 – – –

Crane and tower operators ...................................... 17.20 12.7 40.0 17.20 12.7 40.0 – – –

Excavating and loading machine operators ............. 14.26 6.7 40.4 14.33 6.8 40.4 – – –

Grader, dozer, and scrapper operators ................... 19.05 11.3 40.1 18.99 11.7 40.1 – – –

Industrial truck and tractor equipment operators ..... 12.31 3.3 39.8 12.27 3.5 39.8 – – –

See footnotes at end of table.

123
Table 4-7. Middle Atlantic census division:1 Mean hourly earnings2 and weekly hours by metropolitan and nonmetropolitan areas3

for selected occupations, National Compensation Survey,4 1998–Continued

Occupation5

Total Metropolitan Nonmetropolitan

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

Mean hours

Relative

error6

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error6

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error6

(percent)

Blue collar –Continued

Transportation and material moving –Continued

Miscellaneous material moving equipment

operators, n.e.c. ..................................................... $15.63 3.3 37.8 $15.58 3.4 37.8 – – –

Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers ... 10.93 2.6 36.6 11.01 2.9 36.5 $10.35 3.8 37.4

Groundskeepers and gardeners, except farm ......... 11.66 4.6 36.7 11.61 4.9 36.6 – – –

Supervisors, handlers, equipment cleaners, and

laborers, n.e.c. ....................................................... 16.79 5.9 39.5 17.03 6.7 39.5 – – –

Helpers, mechanics and repairers ........................... 11.78 7.0 37.4 11.70 7.8 37.1 – – –

Helpers, construction trades .................................... 13.46 16.5 39.5 13.46 16.5 39.5 – – –

Construction laborers ............................................... 12.63 4.3 39.0 12.90 4.1 39.4 – – –

Production helpers ................................................... 10.52 4.6 38.5 10.55 4.6 38.6 – – –

Garbage collectors ................................................... 16.57 5.3 39.9 16.57 5.3 39.9 – – –

Stock handlers and baggers .................................... 9.58 4.8 30.3 9.69 5.3 30.4 8.64 6.3 29.0

Machine feeders and offbearers .............................. 9.60 4.7 39.3 9.60 4.7 39.3 – – –

Freight, stock, and material handlers, n.e.c. ............ 12.10 4.1 36.3 12.13 4.4 36.5 – – –

Vehicle washers and equipment cleaners ............... 10.30 8.3 35.2 10.30 8.3 35.2 – – –

Hand packers and packagers .................................. 9.57 5.4 39.3 9.58 5.4 39.3 – – –

Laborers, except construction, n.e.c. ....................... 10.41 2.9 39.0 10.51 4.0 38.6 – – –

Service .................................................................................... 11.67 2.4 32.8 11.70 2.6 32.6 11.33 1.7 34.7

Protective service ........................................................ 17.80 3.5 37.2 17.76 3.8 37.1 18.39 1.4 39.3

Supervisors, firefighters and fire prevention ............ 25.37 8.1 44.6 25.37 8.1 44.6 – – –

Supervisors, police and detectives .......................... 28.47 4.4 39.9 28.95 4.3 39.9 – – –

Supervisors, guards ................................................. 18.03 5.0 39.9 18.03 5.0 39.9 – – –

Firefighting ............................................................... 19.89 2.4 43.2 19.89 2.4 43.2 – – –

Police and detectives, public service ....................... 22.79 3.6 39.6 22.79 3.7 39.6 – – –

Sheriffs, bailiffs, and other law enforcement officers 19.23 5.7 34.3 19.44 5.6 34.8 – – –

Correctional institution officers ................................. 18.88 2.7 39.9 19.03 3.6 39.8 – – –

Crossing guards ....................................................... 9.97 7.6 20.6 9.97 7.6 20.6 – – –

Guards and police, except public service ................ 9.89 6.2 35.0 9.89 6.2 35.0 – – –

Protective service, n.e.c. .......................................... 12.36 12.8 26.7 11.77 13.0 26.1 – – –

Food service ................................................................ 7.66 2.7 28.5 7.63 2.8 28.5 8.20 5.1 29.3

Supervisors, food preparation and service .............. 12.34 8.0 36.9 12.40 8.5 36.7 – – –

Bartenders ............................................................... 6.32 12.4 26.5 6.32 12.4 26.5 – – –

Waiters and waitresses ............................................ 4.69 6.4 25.8 4.71 6.4 25.9 – – –

Cooks ....................................................................... 9.85 3.2 35.0 9.79 3.4 35.1 – – –

Food counter, fountain, and related ......................... 7.20 5.7 26.8 7.13 6.1 26.3 – – –

Kitchen workers, food preparation ........................... 9.16 4.6 29.2 9.31 5.2 29.2 8.43 3.4 28.8

Waiters’/Waitresses’ assistants ............................... 5.82 7.8 26.2 5.66 9.1 24.7 – – –

Food preparation, n.e.c. ........................................... 7.65 3.6 27.7 7.66 3.7 28.0 – – –

Health service .............................................................. 9.73 2.3 33.9 9.75 2.4 33.9 9.51 4.7 34.8

Health aides, except nursing ................................... 11.22 2.9 34.5 11.11 3.0 34.7 12.10 10.5 33.3

Nursing aides, orderlies and attendants .................. 9.42 2.5 33.8 9.48 2.6 33.7 8.39 5.1 35.4

Cleaning and building service ...................................... 10.74 3.2 34.4 10.89 3.3 34.4 8.46 .8 34.1

Supervisors, cleaning and building service workers 14.27 9.1 38.8 14.27 9.1 38.8 – – –

Maids and housemen .............................................. 10.20 5.9 35.7 10.42 6.0 36.5 – – –

Janitors and cleaners ............................................... 10.59 3.6 33.8 10.72 3.8 33.6 8.72 2.1 36.4

See footnotes at end of table.

124
Table 4-7. Middle Atlantic census division:1 Mean hourly earnings2 and weekly hours by metropolitan and nonmetropolitan areas3

for selected occupations, National Compensation Survey,4 1998–Continued

Occupation5

Total Metropolitan Nonmetropolitan

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

Mean hours

Relative

error6

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error6

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error6

(percent)

Service –Continued

Personal service .......................................................... $11.02 6.5 28.4 $11.15 7.1 27.8 $9.79 2.0 35.8

Supervisors, personal service .................................. 16.74 6.3 36.1 16.61 6.5 36.1 – – –

Hairdressers and cosmetologists ............................. 10.98 19.0 32.2 10.98 19.0 32.2 – – –

Attendants, amusement, and recreation facilities .... 7.33 5.5 27.5 7.43 5.4 27.1 – – –

Ushers ..................................................................... 8.33 8.6 16.7 8.33 8.6 16.7 – – –

Public transportation attendants .............................. 22.53 17.6 23.0 23.44 18.3 22.3 – – –

Baggage porters and bellhops ................................. 7.54 24.5 39.2 7.54 24.5 39.2 – – –

Welfare service aides .............................................. 9.54 4.8 34.1 9.78 6.3 32.2 – – –

Early childhood teachers’ assistants ........................ 9.14 7.2 27.6 9.15 7.3 27.6 – – –

Child care workers, n.e.c. ........................................ 8.72 2.5 28.2 8.51 2.5 27.5 – – –

Service, n.e.c. .......................................................... 9.64 8.3 28.4 9.64 8.3 28.4 – – –

1 The Middle Atlantic census division consists of New York, New Jersey, and

Pennsylvania. It also includes the New York, NY Consolidated Metropolitan Statistical Area,

which is comprised of parts of New York, New Jersey, Connecticut, and Pennsylvania, and

the Philadelphia, PA Consolidated Metropolitan Statistical Area, which is comprised of parts

of Pennsylvania, New Jersey, Delaware, and Maryland. 2 Earnings are the straight-time hourly wages or salaries paid to employees. They

include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard pay. Excluded are premium

pay for overtime, vacations, and holidays; nonproduction bonuses; and tips. The mean is

computed by totaling the pay of all workers and dividing by the number of workers,

weighted by hours. 3 Metropolitan areas can be a Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA) or Consolidated

Metropolitan Statistical Area (CMSA) as defined by the Office of Management and Budget,

1994. Nonmetropolitan areas are counties that do not fit the definitions above. For more

information, see appendix E. 4 In this census division, collection was conducted between November 1997 and April

1999. The average reference period was July 1998. 5 A classification system including about 480 individual occupations is used to cover all

workers in the civilian economy. For more information, see appendix B. 6 The relative standard error (RSE) is the standard error expressed as a percent of the

estimate. It can be used to calculate a "confidence interval" around a sample estimate. For

more information about RSEs, see appendix A.

NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or that data did not meet publication

criteria, and n.e.c. means "not elsewhere classified." Overall occupational groups may

include data for categories not shown separately. 

125
Table 4-8. East North Central census division:1 Mean hourly earnings2 and weekly hours by metropolitan and nonmetropolitan

areas3 for selected occupations, National Compensation Survey,4 1998

Occupation5

Total Metropolitan Nonmetropolitan

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

Mean hours

Relative

error6

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error6

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error6

(percent)

All ................................................................................................ $16.08 0.8 36.2 $16.55 0.8 36.2 $13.55 1.3 36.5

All excluding sales ............................................................... 16.13 .8 36.5 16.60 .8 36.4 13.70 1.2 36.9

White collar ............................................................................ 19.75 1.0 36.5 20.09 1.0 36.6 17.14 3.3 35.7

White collar excluding sales ............................................ 20.30 .9 37.1 20.62 .8 37.1 17.93 3.0 36.8

Professional specialty and technical ............................... 23.88 1.0 35.9 23.98 .9 36.0 23.22 4.2 35.7

Professional specialty ...................................................... 25.56 1.0 35.7 25.67 .9 35.7 24.88 3.9 35.6

Engineers, architects, and surveyors ........................... 28.25 1.2 40.3 28.20 1.0 40.3 28.83 8.5 40.0

Architects ................................................................. 23.42 8.0 40.0 23.42 8.0 40.0 – – –

Metallurgical and materials engineers ..................... 29.95 8.3 40.5 29.95 8.3 40.5 – – –

Chemical engineers ................................................. – – – 31.76 7.2 40.0 – – –

Civil engineers ......................................................... 25.43 3.6 39.4 25.41 3.8 39.4 – – –

Electrical and electronic engineers .......................... 28.69 3.3 40.3 28.70 3.3 40.3 – – –

Industrial engineers ................................................. 25.90 2.1 40.3 25.95 1.4 40.3 – – –

Mechanical engineers .............................................. 25.92 2.3 40.3 25.96 2.3 40.3 – – –

Engineers, n.e.c. ...................................................... 29.58 1.8 40.3 29.62 1.8 40.3 – – –

Mathematical and computer scientists ......................... 27.37 2.3 39.8 27.11 2.0 39.8 – – –

Computer systems analysts and scientists .............. 27.01 2.3 39.9 27.15 2.3 39.9 – – –

Operations and systems researchers and analysts 27.76 5.1 39.5 26.27 2.9 39.4 – – –

Actuaries .................................................................. 37.07 7.2 38.3 37.07 7.2 38.3 – – –

Natural scientists ......................................................... 23.28 5.8 39.1 24.11 6.7 38.9 – – –

Chemists, except biochemists ................................. 28.65 5.8 40.2 28.65 5.8 40.2 – – –

Physical scientists, n.e.c. ......................................... 24.24 7.8 40.0 24.13 8.2 40.0 – – –

Biological and life scientists ..................................... 23.61 6.6 35.6 23.61 6.6 35.6 – – –

Medical scientists ..................................................... 14.67 14.3 39.1 14.67 14.3 39.1 – – –

Health related .............................................................. 22.24 1.4 33.2 22.12 1.2 32.9 22.83 5.9 34.9

Physicians ................................................................ 43.76 10.5 39.1 38.43 6.4 37.6 – – –

Registered nurses .................................................... 19.69 1.2 32.5 20.19 .8 32.3 16.95 4.6 33.5

Pharmacists ............................................................. 27.31 1.6 31.4 27.77 1.5 30.2 – – –

Dietitians .................................................................. 16.54 2.6 34.5 16.50 3.1 33.8 – – –

Respiratory therapists .............................................. 16.66 1.7 33.5 16.66 1.7 33.5 – – –

Occupational therapists ........................................... 25.30 5.5 31.6 25.14 6.4 30.8 – – –

Physical therapists ................................................... 24.08 5.5 34.4 25.73 3.5 33.0 – – –

Speech therapists .................................................... 25.96 7.0 32.8 25.51 8.0 35.1 – – –

Therapists, n.e.c. ..................................................... 16.28 5.6 36.9 16.35 6.7 38.1 – – –

Physicians’ assistants .............................................. 26.25 15.4 36.3 26.25 15.4 36.3 – – –

Teachers, college and university ................................. 35.35 4.1 34.6 35.64 4.0 36.5 33.21 19.7 24.8

Biological science teachers ..................................... 33.69 8.2 38.0 33.69 8.2 38.0 – – –

Chemistry teachers .................................................. 34.70 7.9 31.8 36.93 3.4 38.8 – – –

Psychology teachers ................................................ 34.52 13.8 30.2 34.52 13.8 30.2 – – –

History teachers ....................................................... 26.47 11.3 43.6 26.47 11.3 43.6 – – –

Social science teachers, n.e.c. ................................ 30.13 3.9 40.2 30.52 4.8 39.7 – – –

Engineering teachers ............................................... 51.64 19.9 38.7 51.64 19.9 38.7 – – –

Mathematical science teachers ............................... 39.39 1.8 35.9 39.39 1.8 35.9 – – –

Medical science teachers ........................................ 42.94 11.9 47.2 42.94 11.9 47.2 – – –

Health specialities teachers ..................................... 35.56 8.7 40.4 35.56 8.7 40.4 – – –

Business, commerce, and marketing teachers ........ 33.69 12.2 22.8 35.46 11.1 24.7 – – –

Art, drama, and music teachers ............................... 29.44 9.1 34.0 26.51 5.2 34.7 – – –

Physical education teachers .................................... 26.59 2.0 34.5 26.59 2.0 34.5 – – –

Education teachers .................................................. 35.35 8.3 37.0 35.35 8.3 37.0 – – –

English teachers ...................................................... 32.93 9.3 38.3 32.85 9.6 38.2 – – –

Foreign language teachers ...................................... 25.17 10.5 40.4 29.65 4.4 35.1 – – –

Theology teachers ................................................... 27.58 12.8 39.9 30.14 16.0 39.8 – – –

Teachers, post secondary, subject not specified ..... 26.79 14.8 16.8 27.85 15.7 17.3 – – –

Teachers, post secondary, n.e.c. ............................. 32.54 10.3 27.1 34.14 11.6 31.0 – – –

Teachers, except college and university ...................... 28.02 1.9 33.6 28.65 1.9 33.0 25.92 3.9 35.7

Prekindergarten and kindergarten ........................... 17.44 9.5 34.3 16.04 8.6 33.6 – – –

Elementary school teachers .................................... 29.64 2.6 35.0 30.76 2.5 34.3 25.49 4.7 37.9

Secondary school teachers ..................................... 30.33 3.2 35.8 31.96 3.0 35.2 25.59 4.3 37.5

Teachers, special education .................................... 27.64 4.2 35.4 28.97 3.8 34.8 24.96 6.6 36.7

Teachers, n.e.c. ....................................................... 27.40 3.2 30.6 26.75 4.2 29.7 29.55 6.0 34.0

Substitute teachers .................................................. 11.33 7.9 14.9 10.73 4.1 15.6 – – –

Vocational and educational counselors ................... 22.33 6.4 36.4 21.30 7.4 36.3 – – –

Librarians, archivists, and curators .............................. 21.18 5.2 34.7 21.35 4.7 35.5 20.66 16.2 32.3

See footnotes at end of table.

126
Table 4-8. East North Central census division:1 Mean hourly earnings2 and weekly hours by metropolitan and nonmetropolitan

areas3 for selected occupations, National Compensation Survey,4 1998–Continued

Occupation5

Total Metropolitan Nonmetropolitan

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

Mean hours

Relative

error6

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error6

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error6

(percent)

White collar –Continued

Professional specialty and technical –Continued

Professional specialty –Continued

Librarians, archivists, and curators –Continued

Librarians ................................................................. $21.05 4.8 35.1 $20.49 3.9 36.3 – – –

Archivists and curators ............................................ 21.81 20.2 32.9 25.75 17.1 32.2 – – –

Social scientists and urban planners ........................... 21.47 8.2 35.8 21.51 8.5 35.6 – – –

Economists .............................................................. 22.55 6.9 40.0 22.55 6.9 40.0 – – –

Psychologists ........................................................... 23.61 10.7 35.6 23.61 10.7 35.6 – – –

Social scientists, n.e.c. ............................................ 14.96 22.3 36.2 13.10 18.5 35.1 – – –

Urban planners ........................................................ 20.00 5.5 23.0 20.00 5.5 23.0 – – –

Social, recreation, and religious workers ..................... 15.75 3.0 37.6 15.71 3.3 37.4 $16.00 4.4 38.9

Social workers ......................................................... 15.97 3.1 38.0 15.90 3.4 37.9 16.65 5.1 38.9

Recreation workers .................................................. 11.56 12.6 31.5 8.99 8.6 26.2 – – –

Clergy ...................................................................... 17.46 13.3 37.8 17.46 13.3 37.8 – – –

Religious workers, n.e.c. .......................................... 11.95 31.7 37.2 11.95 31.7 37.2 – – –

Lawyers and judges ..................................................... 35.26 8.2 38.4 35.66 8.6 38.5 – – –

Lawyers ................................................................... 35.60 8.6 39.3 36.05 9.0 39.4 – – –

Judges ..................................................................... 28.70 13.7 26.6 28.70 13.7 26.6 – – –

Writers, authors, entertainers, athletes, and

professionals, n.e.c. ................................................... 22.24 3.9 36.9 22.39 3.9 36.9 – – –

Technical writers ...................................................... 19.09 5.5 38.7 19.43 5.2 38.7 – – –

Designers ................................................................. 24.11 8.0 39.5 24.11 8.0 39.5 – – –

Actors and directors ................................................. 22.39 19.8 39.3 22.39 19.8 39.3 – – –

Painters, sculptors, craft artists, and artist

printmakers ............................................................ 15.09 5.5 38.8 15.09 5.5 38.8 – – –

Photographers ......................................................... 19.96 8.3 36.2 19.96 8.3 36.2 – – –

Artists, performers, and related workers, n.e.c. ....... 12.71 5.3 27.0 12.71 5.3 27.0 – – –

Editors and reporters ............................................... 20.47 12.3 38.4 20.47 12.3 38.4 – – –

Public relations specialists ....................................... 22.23 10.2 32.6 22.23 10.2 32.6 – – –

Athletes .................................................................... 26.32 16.6 32.7 28.93 11.6 31.3 – – –

Professional, n.e.c. .................................................. 22.81 6.0 38.5 22.81 6.0 38.5 – – –

Technical ......................................................................... 18.17 2.0 36.7 18.62 1.9 36.7 12.73 4.3 36.1

Clinical laboratory technologists and technicians .... 14.65 5.4 35.4 14.78 6.4 34.8 – – –

Health record technologists and technicians ........... 12.71 5.9 34.4 12.63 6.0 34.3 – – –

Radiological technicians .......................................... 16.49 2.7 32.7 16.74 2.6 32.5 – – –

Licensed practical nurses ........................................ 12.86 2.4 33.7 13.52 .9 32.6 11.40 4.0 36.4

Health technologists and technicians, n.e.c. ............ 12.97 3.1 34.2 12.97 3.0 34.8 – – –

Electrical and electronic technicians ........................ 19.70 2.2 39.6 19.70 2.2 39.6 – – –

Industrial engineering technicians ........................... 17.12 4.1 40.6 17.12 4.1 40.6 – – –

Mechanical engineering technicians ........................ 20.34 4.4 40.2 20.22 4.6 40.2 – – –

Engineering technicians, n.e.c. ................................ 20.70 4.0 39.8 20.79 4.0 39.8 – – –

Drafters .................................................................... 18.10 5.1 38.6 18.10 5.1 38.6 – – –

Surveying and mapping technicians ........................ 14.51 12.3 39.0 13.05 8.8 39.0 – – –

Biological technicians .............................................. 16.32 17.1 39.9 17.22 19.0 39.9 – – –

Chemical technicians ............................................... 16.37 4.6 39.0 16.40 4.6 39.6 – – –

Science technicians, n.e.c. ...................................... 17.43 5.4 34.6 17.99 4.7 34.1 – – –

Airplane pilots and navigators .................................. 84.84 28.9 24.5 84.84 28.9 24.5 – – –

Broadcast equipment operators ............................... 11.26 12.1 37.2 11.26 12.1 37.2 – – –

Computer programmers ........................................... 22.00 2.2 39.4 22.11 2.2 39.4 – – –

Legal assistants ....................................................... 18.62 4.2 38.4 18.62 4.2 38.4 – – –

Technical and related, n.e.c. .................................... 20.25 2.2 39.0 20.40 2.2 39.0 – – –

Executive, administrative, and managerial ..................... 27.76 1.5 39.9 28.33 1.6 40.0 21.44 5.6 38.7

Executives, administrators, and managers .................. 31.54 2.0 40.1 32.18 2.1 40.4 25.33 4.0 38.1

Legislators ............................................................... 18.16 24.0 4.9 22.93 5.5 5.5 – – –

Administrators and officials, public administration ... 26.87 3.9 39.2 27.06 4.2 39.2 26.06 10.0 39.0

Financial managers ................................................. 29.87 3.4 40.2 29.99 3.5 40.3 29.23 10.5 39.6

Personnel and labor relations managers ................. 34.07 4.3 42.3 34.53 4.4 42.8 – – –

Purchasing managers .............................................. 29.41 7.7 40.6 29.41 7.7 40.6 – – –

Managers, marketing, advertising, and public

relations ................................................................. 36.34 4.2 40.9 36.34 4.2 40.9 – – –

Administrators, education and related fields ............ 32.37 3.1 39.8 33.52 3.1 39.6 27.19 4.2 40.4

See footnotes at end of table.

127
Table 4-8. East North Central census division:1 Mean hourly earnings2 and weekly hours by metropolitan and nonmetropolitan

areas3 for selected occupations, National Compensation Survey,4 1998–Continued

Occupation5

Total Metropolitan Nonmetropolitan

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

Mean hours

Relative

error6

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error6

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error6

(percent)

White collar –Continued

Executive, administrative, and managerial –Continued

Executives, administrators, and managers

–Continued

Managers, medicine and health ............................... $28.30 3.0 40.1 $29.87 3.3 40.1 $24.20 5.4 40.0

Managers, food servicing and lodging

establishments ....................................................... 16.54 6.9 43.6 17.35 7.3 42.4 – – –

Managers, properties and real estate ...................... 18.79 12.2 39.6 18.79 12.2 39.6 – – –

Managers, service organizations, n.e.c. .................. 22.97 9.1 38.1 22.95 9.1 39.3 – – –

Managers and administrators, n.e.c. ....................... 34.37 3.4 40.7 34.69 3.5 40.7 23.09 16.6 42.0

Management related .................................................... 23.04 1.2 39.6 23.65 1.3 39.6 15.07 5.1 39.9

Accountants and auditors ........................................ 18.99 6.4 39.9 20.47 1.6 39.9 – – –

Underwriters ............................................................ 28.50 7.3 38.8 28.87 7.6 38.8 – – –

Other financial officers ............................................. 24.65 5.0 39.9 25.05 5.0 39.9 – – –

Management analysts .............................................. 22.16 6.6 39.4 21.99 6.7 39.4 – – –

Personnel, training, and labor relations specialists .. 22.90 2.8 39.1 22.99 2.7 39.1 – – –

Buyers, wholesale and retail trade, except farm

products ................................................................. 19.73 7.4 41.1 19.73 7.4 41.1 – – –

Purchasing agents and buyers, n.e.c. ..................... 26.41 2.5 39.9 26.79 2.1 39.9 – – –

Construction inspectors ........................................... 20.01 7.8 39.2 19.66 8.3 39.2 – – –

Inspectors and compliance officers, except

construction ........................................................... 18.95 4.5 39.6 19.01 5.0 39.5 – – –

Management related, n.e.c. ..................................... 25.20 2.5 39.5 25.45 2.6 39.5 – – –

Sales ................................................................................... 15.16 5.0 32.1 15.81 5.1 32.7 8.95 6.0 27.3

Supervisors, sales ................................................... 22.46 16.5 39.7 23.66 17.0 40.4 – – –

Insurance sales ........................................................ 16.19 18.3 31.8 16.19 18.3 31.8 – – –

Securities and financial services sales .................... 52.23 21.4 39.9 52.23 21.4 39.9 – – –

Advertising and related sales ................................... 16.67 11.7 39.6 19.41 6.7 39.3 – – –

Sales, other business services ................................ 22.94 9.8 39.8 23.58 10.0 39.8 – – –

Sales engineers ....................................................... 29.28 7.8 41.9 29.06 8.2 41.5 – – –

Sales representatives, mining, manufacturing, and

wholesale ............................................................... 27.38 8.0 40.5 27.64 8.0 40.5 – – –

Sales workers, motor vehicles and boats ................ 19.96 6.0 44.4 19.96 6.0 44.4 – – –

Sales workers, apparel ............................................ 7.00 4.4 28.0 7.00 4.4 28.0 – – –

Sales workers, furniture and home furnishings ........ 11.40 18.4 29.9 11.40 18.4 29.9 – – –

Sales workers, radio, tv, hi-fi, and appliances ......... 12.78 12.5 34.0 12.78 12.5 34.0 – – –

Sales workers, hardware and building supplies ....... 9.96 8.4 35.5 10.25 9.3 34.8 – – –

Sales workers, parts ................................................ 14.28 6.0 39.8 14.28 6.0 39.8 – – –

Sales workers, other commodities ........................... 9.40 5.2 28.7 9.40 5.2 28.7 – – –

Sales counter clerks ................................................ 8.30 8.4 27.5 8.24 9.6 26.4 – – –

Cashiers ................................................................... 7.19 1.2 25.5 7.37 1.4 26.4 6.42 2.8 22.1

Demonstrators, promoters, and models, sales ........ 9.99 9.3 28.8 9.99 9.3 28.8 – – –

Sales support, n.e.c. ................................................ 12.69 4.6 38.3 12.69 4.6 38.3 – – –

Administrative support, including clerical ...................... 12.02 .8 37.0 12.20 .8 36.9 10.84 2.4 37.4

Supervisors, general office ...................................... 16.42 2.5 39.6 16.47 2.5 39.6 – – –

Supervisors, computer equipment operators ........... 17.69 8.6 40.4 17.69 8.6 40.4 – – –

Supervisors, financial records processing ............... 17.17 4.4 39.7 17.64 4.1 39.9 – – –

Chief communications operators ............................. 13.55 7.2 40.0 13.55 7.2 40.0 – – –

Supervisors, distribution, scheduling, and adjusting

clerks ..................................................................... 16.88 6.0 40.1 17.41 5.6 40.2 – – –

Computer operators ................................................. 15.06 3.5 39.4 15.12 3.5 39.4 – – –

Secretaries ............................................................... 13.12 1.4 38.0 13.32 1.4 37.9 12.12 6.7 38.0

Stenographers ......................................................... 12.71 3.7 35.3 12.70 3.6 35.2 – – –

Typists ..................................................................... 11.13 3.3 37.5 11.22 3.5 37.3 – – –

Interviewers ............................................................. 9.63 2.1 32.6 9.82 1.3 33.1 – – –

Hotel clerks .............................................................. 8.06 3.9 32.9 8.06 3.4 37.6 – – –

Transportation ticket and reservation agents ........... 14.17 7.6 34.2 14.17 7.6 34.2 – – –

Receptionists ........................................................... 9.46 2.2 35.4 9.57 2.2 34.3 9.07 5.6 39.5

Information clerks, n.e.c. .......................................... 12.44 3.9 37.7 12.47 3.9 37.7 – – –

Correspondence clerks ............................................ 12.70 9.3 39.1 12.70 9.3 39.1 – – –

Order clerks ............................................................. 12.20 2.9 38.2 12.20 2.9 38.2 – – –

See footnotes at end of table.

128
Table 4-8. East North Central census division:1 Mean hourly earnings2 and weekly hours by metropolitan and nonmetropolitan

areas3 for selected occupations, National Compensation Survey,4 1998–Continued

Occupation5

Total Metropolitan Nonmetropolitan

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

Mean hours

Relative

error6

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error6

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error6

(percent)

White collar –Continued

Administrative support, including clerical –Continued

Personnel clerks, except payroll and timekeeping ... $13.49 4.5 38.8 $13.49 4.5 38.8 – – –

Library clerks ........................................................... 10.04 4.9 28.0 10.33 3.4 25.3 $9.39 11.3 36.7

File clerks ................................................................. 9.02 2.9 33.8 9.17 2.7 33.6 – – –

Records clerks, n.e.c. .............................................. 11.44 3.6 37.4 11.67 4.0 37.1 10.36 7.0 38.5

Bookkeepers, accounting and auditing clerks ......... 11.49 2.2 37.7 11.72 1.7 38.1 10.70 7.6 36.6

Payroll and timekeeping clerks ................................ 13.33 3.5 37.9 13.38 4.6 37.3 – – –

Billing clerks ............................................................. 11.12 2.4 37.8 11.20 2.4 38.2 – – –

Cost and rate clerks ................................................. 12.31 7.2 39.8 12.31 7.2 39.8 – – –

Billing, posting, and calculating machine operators 9.85 8.7 36.1 9.85 8.7 36.1 – – –

Duplicating machine operators ................................ 10.64 5.0 36.8 10.64 5.0 36.8 – – –

Mail preparing and paper handling machine

operators ................................................................ 9.21 3.8 38.9 9.21 3.8 38.9 – – –

Office machine operators, n.e.c. .............................. 8.93 4.2 35.6 9.01 4.2 35.6 – – –

Telephone operators ................................................ 11.23 4.6 34.4 11.24 4.7 34.3 – – –

Mail clerks, except postal service ............................ 9.02 4.7 34.8 9.12 4.7 36.7 – – –

Messengers ............................................................. 9.24 7.0 38.1 9.24 7.0 38.1 – – –

Dispatchers .............................................................. 11.63 5.6 38.4 12.39 3.7 38.2 – – –

Production coordinators ........................................... 15.28 2.7 40.2 15.52 3.4 40.2 – – –

Traffic, shipping and receiving clerks ....................... 11.47 6.8 39.3 11.93 3.6 39.0 – – –

Stock and inventory clerks ....................................... 11.20 5.1 33.6 11.15 5.2 33.4 – – –

Meter readers .......................................................... 14.24 5.3 38.6 14.56 4.8 38.4 – – –

Weighers, measurers, checkers, and samplers ....... 17.49 4.9 39.8 17.49 4.9 39.8 – – –

Expeditors ................................................................ 13.00 2.8 38.2 13.00 2.8 38.2 – – –

Material recording, scheduling, and distribution

clerks, n.e.c. ........................................................... 14.96 7.6 39.7 13.86 6.5 39.6 – – –

Insurance adjusters, examiners, and investigators .. 13.99 7.0 38.8 14.10 7.1 38.9 – – –

Investigators and adjusters, except insurance ......... 12.46 4.5 38.0 12.42 4.5 38.0 – – –

Eligibility clerks, social welfare ................................. 13.17 3.9 37.4 13.00 4.0 37.9 – – –

Bill and account collectors ....................................... 11.17 2.6 38.1 11.13 2.6 38.1 – – –

General office clerks ................................................ 11.00 1.6 36.7 11.16 1.6 36.6 9.67 1.7 37.0

Bank tellers .............................................................. 8.41 1.9 33.2 8.44 2.1 33.1 – – –

Data entry keyers ..................................................... 9.50 4.1 37.6 9.60 4.6 37.3 – – –

Statistical clerks ....................................................... 11.45 4.3 37.0 11.45 4.3 37.0 – – –

Teachers’ aides ....................................................... 9.56 3.2 31.4 9.79 3.1 30.5 8.97 7.7 34.2

Administrative support, n.e.c. .................................. 12.68 3.3 36.4 12.89 3.4 36.1 11.03 5.4 38.4

Blue collar .............................................................................. 13.86 .9 38.3 14.25 1.0 38.2 12.35 1.2 38.9

Precision production, craft, and repair ............................ 17.83 1.1 39.9 18.53 1.3 39.8 14.34 2.7 40.0

Supervisors, mechanics and repairers .................... 22.56 3.8 40.8 22.48 3.9 40.9 – – –

Automobile mechanics ............................................. 17.95 7.6 40.9 18.15 7.8 40.7 – – –

Bus, truck, and stationary engine mechanics .......... 16.55 4.1 40.1 16.29 4.1 40.1 – – –

Aircraft engine mechanics ....................................... 22.40 4.4 40.0 22.40 4.4 40.0 – – –

Automobile body and related repairers .................... 21.89 5.9 41.0 21.89 5.9 41.0 – – –

Aircraft mechanics, except engine ........................... 20.78 2.6 40.0 20.78 2.6 40.0 – – –

Heavy equipment mechanics ................................... 16.75 6.9 40.0 18.93 3.4 40.0 13.25 5.4 40.0

Industrial machinery repairers ................................. 17.56 2.9 40.0 18.29 1.7 40.0 – – –

Machinery maintenance ........................................... 14.15 2.3 39.7 14.44 5.0 39.8 – – –

Electronic repairers, communications and industrial

equipment .............................................................. 14.26 4.7 40.0 14.04 4.6 40.0 – – –

Data processing equipment repairers ...................... 16.30 5.5 39.3 16.30 5.5 39.3 – – –

Telephone line installers and repairers .................... 21.42 9.5 40.0 – – – – – –

Telephone installers and repairers .......................... 15.90 4.3 39.7 15.79 4.4 39.6 – – –

Heating, air conditioning, and refrigeration

mechanics .............................................................. 15.90 5.0 39.1 16.42 4.1 39.0 – – –

Office machine repairers .......................................... 14.68 9.7 40.0 14.68 9.7 40.0 – – –

Mechanical controls and valve repairers ................. 17.46 9.3 37.6 17.87 9.3 37.4 – – –

Millwrights ................................................................ 19.00 7.6 40.2 21.01 3.1 40.3 – – –

Mechanics and repairers, n.e.c. ............................... 16.94 2.6 39.9 17.08 2.5 39.9 15.68 18.1 39.9

Supervisors, carpenters and related workers .......... 23.03 7.3 40.0 23.03 7.3 40.0 – – –

See footnotes at end of table.

129
Table 4-8. East North Central census division:1 Mean hourly earnings2 and weekly hours by metropolitan and nonmetropolitan

areas3 for selected occupations, National Compensation Survey,4 1998–Continued

Occupation5

Total Metropolitan Nonmetropolitan

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

Mean hours

Relative

error6

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error6

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error6

(percent)

Blue collar –Continued

Precision production, craft, and repair –Continued

Supervisors, electricians and power transmission

installers ................................................................. $24.68 6.7 40.0 $24.68 6.7 40.0 – – –

Supervisors, plumbers, pipefitters, and steamfitters 29.58 4.3 40.0 – – – – – –

Supervisors, construction trades, n.e.c. ................... 22.80 2.9 39.9 22.80 2.9 39.9 – – –

Brickmasons and stonemasons ............................... 17.40 4.5 40.0 17.40 4.5 40.0 – – –

Carpenters ............................................................... 19.90 3.8 39.9 20.42 3.2 39.9 – – –

Drywall installers ...................................................... 17.58 8.9 40.0 17.58 8.9 40.0 – – –

Electricians .............................................................. 20.57 2.9 40.1 22.10 2.7 40.1 – – –

Electrician apprentices ............................................. 14.20 10.3 40.0 14.51 10.5 40.0 – – –

Electrical power installers and repairers .................. 22.38 4.8 40.0 22.32 5.1 40.0 – – –

Painters, construction and maintenance .................. 20.18 4.5 40.0 20.97 2.6 40.0 – – –

Plumbers, pipefitters and steamfitters ..................... 21.98 2.6 39.9 22.20 2.4 39.9 – – –

Plumber, pipefitter, and steamfitter apprentices ...... 15.96 6.5 40.0 15.96 6.5 40.0 – – –

Concrete and terrazzo finishers ............................... 21.90 8.5 40.0 21.90 8.5 40.0 – – –

Paving, surfacing, and tamping equipment

operators ................................................................ 19.81 11.6 40.4 19.81 11.6 40.4 – – –

Construction trades, n.e.c. ....................................... 19.43 3.1 39.2 20.34 3.3 39.3 $15.55 13.1 39.0

Supervisors, production ........................................... 18.56 7.7 40.6 19.78 2.2 40.8 15.27 24.8 40.1

Tool and die makers ................................................ 21.03 1.6 40.0 21.03 1.6 40.0 – – –

Tool and die maker apprentices .............................. 15.84 8.4 40.0 15.84 8.4 40.0 – – –

Precision assemblers, metal .................................... 17.97 4.2 40.0 17.97 4.2 40.0 – – –

Machinists ................................................................ 16.74 1.9 40.1 16.74 1.9 40.1 – – –

Precision grinders, filers, and tool sharpeners ......... 16.14 8.3 40.0 16.14 8.3 40.0 – – –

Patternmakers and modelmakers, metal ................. 19.41 9.7 40.0 19.41 9.7 40.0 – – –

Sheet metal workers ................................................ 19.69 11.1 40.0 19.69 11.1 40.0 – – –

Cabinet makers and bench carpenters .................... 13.62 6.2 39.3 13.62 6.2 39.3 – – –

Furniture and wood finishers ................................... 13.36 7.9 39.9 13.36 7.9 39.9 – – –

Patternmakers, layout workers, and cutters ............ 23.98 7.3 40.0 23.98 7.3 40.0 – – –

Bookbinders ............................................................. 13.28 8.9 39.5 13.50 16.7 39.0 – – –

Electrical and electronic equipment assemblers ...... 9.17 14.5 39.8 11.82 6.9 39.6 – – –

Miscellaneous precision workers, n.e.c. .................. 16.12 4.1 40.0 16.35 4.5 40.0 – – –

Butchers and meat cutters ....................................... 10.33 12.4 39.4 10.31 12.6 39.4 – – –

Bakers ...................................................................... 8.67 8.1 33.2 8.67 8.1 33.2 – – –

Food batchmakers ................................................... 13.80 4.8 40.0 13.80 4.8 40.0 – – –

Inspectors, testers, and graders .............................. 17.72 3.3 40.1 17.72 3.3 40.1 – – –

Precision inspectors, testers, and related workers,

n.e.c. ...................................................................... 17.10 10.2 40.0 17.10 10.2 40.0 – – –

Water and sewer treatment plant operators ............ 16.13 3.9 40.0 16.15 4.1 40.0 – – –

Power plant operators .............................................. 21.67 4.6 40.0 22.40 4.2 40.0 – – –

Stationary engineers ................................................ 21.86 4.4 39.6 21.01 6.1 39.8 – – –

Miscellaneous plant and system operators, n.e.c. ... 17.67 5.8 40.0 17.50 7.3 40.0 – – –

Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors ........... 12.81 1.5 39.8 13.19 1.6 39.7 11.68 2.4 39.9

Lathe and turning machine set-up operators ........... 14.50 2.6 40.0 14.50 2.6 40.0 – – –

Lathe and turning machine operators ...................... 12.74 9.5 40.0 15.48 3.4 40.0 – – –

Milling and planing machine operators .................... 14.79 9.1 40.0 14.79 9.1 40.0 – – –

Punching and stamping press operators ................. 13.55 3.4 39.7 13.73 3.7 39.7 – – –

Rolling machine operators ....................................... 13.41 7.5 41.2 13.41 7.5 41.2 – – –

Drilling and boring machine operators ..................... 10.21 16.7 40.0 13.59 5.3 40.0 – – –

Grinding, abrading, buffing, and polishing machine

operators ................................................................ 12.44 3.9 39.6 12.12 2.2 39.4 – – –

Forging machine operators ...................................... 13.50 7.4 40.0 13.50 7.4 40.0 – – –

Numerical control machine operators ...................... 13.15 2.5 40.0 13.36 3.4 40.0 – – –

Fabricating machine operators, n.e.c. ..................... 15.06 3.1 40.1 15.41 2.8 40.1 – – –

Molding and casting machine operators .................. 10.74 3.2 39.9 10.51 3.3 39.9 – – –

Metal plating machine operators .............................. 11.86 7.2 41.3 11.86 7.2 41.3 – – –

Heat treating equipment operators .......................... – – – 13.52 11.2 40.0 – – –

Wood lathe, routing, and planing machine

operators ................................................................ 12.99 16.7 38.7 12.99 16.7 38.7 – – –

Sawing machine operators ...................................... 10.56 4.5 38.4 10.56 4.5 38.4 – – –

Shaping and jointing machine operators ................. 11.34 7.9 40.0 11.34 7.9 40.0 – – –

See footnotes at end of table.

130
Table 4-8. East North Central census division:1 Mean hourly earnings2 and weekly hours by metropolitan and nonmetropolitan

areas3 for selected occupations, National Compensation Survey,4 1998–Continued

Occupation5

Total Metropolitan Nonmetropolitan

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

Mean hours

Relative

error6

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error6

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error6

(percent)

Blue collar –Continued

Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors

–Continued

Printing press operators ........................................... $13.82 6.3 39.6 $15.72 4.3 39.2 – – –

Photoengravers and lithographers ........................... 16.68 5.0 38.6 16.73 5.8 38.4 – – –

Typesetters and compositors ................................... 13.08 5.6 39.9 – – – – – –

Textile cutting machine operators ............................ 10.96 11.1 40.0 10.96 11.1 40.0 – – –

Textile sewing machine operators ........................... 10.92 13.6 39.5 10.92 13.6 39.5 – – –

Laundering and dry cleaning machine operators ..... 7.21 3.8 37.9 7.17 4.5 38.9 – – –

Packaging and filling machine operators ................. 12.79 3.7 39.6 12.36 2.0 39.6 – – –

Extruding and forming machine operators ............... 11.49 3.0 40.0 12.86 6.6 39.9 – – –

Mixing and blending machine operators .................. 14.66 4.5 39.9 14.96 5.9 39.9 – – –

Separating, filtering, and clarifying machine

operators ................................................................ 16.49 4.0 40.1 16.49 4.0 40.1 – – –

Compressing and compacting machine operators .. 10.47 3.5 40.0 10.47 3.5 40.0 – – –

Painting and paint spraying machine operators ....... 12.31 4.9 40.4 12.00 5.8 40.6 – – –

Roasting and baking machine operators, food ........ 14.08 6.9 37.6 14.08 6.9 37.6 – – –

Washing, cleaning, and pickling machine operators 12.74 13.8 40.0 12.74 13.8 40.0 – – –

Furnace, kiln, and oven operators, except food ....... 16.87 6.8 39.9 16.87 6.8 39.9 – – –

Crushing and grinding machine operators ............... 12.68 10.8 40.0 12.68 10.8 40.0 – – –

Slicing and cutting machine operators ..................... 13.58 4.7 40.0 12.58 4.6 40.0 – – –

Photographic process machine operators ............... 11.19 6.1 38.4 11.53 4.7 38.6 – – –

Miscellaneous machine operators, n.e.c. ................ 11.97 5.3 39.8 12.87 3.0 39.7 $10.72 9.8 40.0

Welders and cutters ................................................. 14.86 3.4 39.9 14.97 4.4 39.9 – – –

Solders and braziers ................................................ 11.48 11.7 39.8 11.48 11.7 39.8 – – –

Assemblers .............................................................. 13.31 3.7 39.6 13.37 3.9 39.6 – – –

Hand cutting and trimming ....................................... 7.68 7.9 40.0 7.68 7.9 40.0 – – –

Hand molding, casting, and forming ........................ 13.34 11.8 40.0 11.55 9.6 40.0 – – –

Hand painting, coating, and decorating ................... 10.41 8.7 40.0 10.41 8.7 40.0 – – –

Hand engraving and printing .................................... 9.37 3.6 40.0 9.37 3.6 40.0 – – –

Miscellaneous hand working, n.e.c. ......................... 11.27 5.2 39.6 11.88 4.0 39.5 – – –

Production inspectors, checkers and examiners ..... 11.45 6.0 40.0 12.25 2.7 40.0 – – –

Production testers .................................................... 13.44 6.8 38.5 13.44 6.8 38.5 – – –

Graders and sorters, except agricultural .................. 9.12 2.4 40.0 9.12 2.4 40.0 – – –

Transportation and material moving ............................... 14.42 1.4 36.5 14.56 1.6 36.4 13.69 1.8 37.2

Supervisors, motor vehicle operators ...................... 17.24 7.5 40.9 17.24 7.5 40.9 – – –

Truck drivers ............................................................ 15.51 2.2 40.2 15.76 2.3 39.8 13.67 6.1 44.0

Driver-sales workers ................................................ 14.64 11.1 34.5 14.87 11.1 35.1 – – –

Bus drivers ............................................................... 12.66 3.0 26.9 12.82 3.3 28.1 11.68 4.0 21.1

Taxicab drivers and chauffeurs ................................ 8.70 14.3 28.0 8.70 14.3 28.0 – – –

Parking lot attendants .............................................. 7.46 5.2 22.1 7.46 5.2 22.1 – – –

Motor transportation, n.e.c. ...................................... 8.10 10.1 25.1 8.10 10.1 25.1 – – –

Railroad conductors and yardmasters ..................... 18.89 2.5 40.0 18.89 2.5 40.0 – – –

Locomotive operating .............................................. 15.50 7.8 43.1 15.50 7.8 43.1 – – –

Supervisors, material moving equipment ................. 17.46 6.1 40.1 17.46 6.1 40.1 – – –

Operating engineers ................................................ 20.84 4.8 40.0 20.27 5.4 40.0 – – –

Crane and tower operators ...................................... 14.45 5.0 40.3 14.62 5.0 40.4 – – –

Excavating and loading machine operators ............. 16.56 5.9 40.0 16.63 6.0 40.0 – – –

Grader, dozer, and scrapper operators ................... 16.75 20.0 40.5 – – – – – –

Industrial truck and tractor equipment operators ..... 13.07 2.1 39.8 13.05 2.6 39.7 13.15 3.1 40.0

Miscellaneous material moving equipment

operators, n.e.c. ..................................................... 14.56 4.1 36.8 14.83 5.1 35.7 – – –

Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers ... 10.65 1.4 34.6 10.51 1.5 34.4 11.31 3.4 35.5

Supervisors, agriculture-related workers ................. 17.13 6.0 40.0 17.13 6.0 40.0 – – –

Groundskeepers and gardeners, except farm ......... 11.26 4.9 34.5 11.19 4.5 35.2 – – –

Animal caretakers, except farm ............................... 13.48 5.1 38.2 13.48 5.1 38.2 – – –

Supervisors, handlers, equipment cleaners, and

laborers, n.e.c. ....................................................... 14.84 5.8 39.5 15.10 3.5 39.2 – – –

Helpers, mechanics and repairers ........................... 14.17 5.2 39.6 14.17 9.8 39.2 – – –

Helpers, construction trades .................................... 15.72 11.8 40.0 15.44 12.9 40.0 – – –

Construction laborers ............................................... 16.13 2.8 39.4 16.28 2.8 39.4 – – –

See footnotes at end of table.

131
Table 4-8. East North Central census division:1 Mean hourly earnings2 and weekly hours by metropolitan and nonmetropolitan

areas3 for selected occupations, National Compensation Survey,4 1998–Continued

Occupation5

Total Metropolitan Nonmetropolitan

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

Mean hours

Relative

error6

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error6

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error6

(percent)

Blue collar –Continued

Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers

–Continued

Production helpers ................................................... $10.27 4.7 38.6 $9.74 6.2 38.4 $11.24 8.9 38.9

Stock handlers and baggers .................................... 9.21 1.8 29.4 9.31 1.7 29.4 8.77 5.3 29.2

Machine feeders and offbearers .............................. 9.65 4.1 39.7 9.70 4.2 39.7 – – –

Freight, stock, and material handlers, n.e.c. ............ 12.09 3.2 32.4 12.26 3.4 32.4 – – –

Garage and service station related .......................... 8.49 6.3 34.1 8.49 6.3 34.1 – – –

Vehicle washers and equipment cleaners ............... 10.02 6.4 37.2 10.02 6.4 37.2 – – –

Hand packers and packagers .................................. 9.01 4.0 38.8 8.99 4.2 38.7 – – –

Laborers, except construction, n.e.c. ....................... 10.65 3.6 36.5 10.21 4.9 35.6 11.72 3.3 38.9

Service .................................................................................... 9.66 1.3 31.1 9.78 1.3 30.9 9.06 4.8 31.7

Protective service ........................................................ 15.24 2.7 36.7 15.29 3.0 36.5 14.90 4.4 38.1

Supervisors, firefighters and fire prevention ............ 17.86 5.0 50.0 18.37 4.6 49.6 – – –

Supervisors, police and detectives .......................... 24.61 7.7 40.1 26.12 5.3 40.1 – – –

Supervisors, guards ................................................. 13.83 15.7 37.6 12.09 12.8 37.6 – – –

Fire inspection and fire prevention ........................... 20.72 6.2 36.7 – – – – – –

Firefighting ............................................................... 16.88 4.6 44.5 16.98 4.6 44.2 – – –

Police and detectives, public service ....................... 19.93 2.1 38.7 20.36 1.9 38.8 16.11 5.9 37.8

Sheriffs, bailiffs, and other law enforcement officers 15.10 4.2 39.7 16.26 3.4 39.8 13.66 5.4 39.6

Correctional institution officers ................................. 14.50 4.3 38.5 14.30 3.1 39.9 14.92 9.7 35.8

Crossing guards ....................................................... 7.19 9.6 13.5 7.25 11.0 14.3 – – –

Guards and police, except public service ................ 8.89 4.3 32.0 8.77 4.3 31.7 12.07 17.5 39.5

Protective service, n.e.c. .......................................... 10.56 12.8 27.5 10.56 12.8 27.5 – – –

Food service ................................................................ 6.81 2.7 27.5 6.80 3.1 27.4 6.92 2.3 28.2

Supervisors, food preparation and service .............. 11.20 3.2 37.2 11.49 3.1 37.8 9.30 3.4 33.6

Bartenders ............................................................... 6.66 7.2 26.3 6.62 8.0 27.3 – – –

Waiters and waitresses ............................................ 3.50 5.4 25.2 3.50 5.6 25.0 3.48 17.3 29.3

Cooks ....................................................................... 8.66 2.7 32.1 8.68 3.1 31.6 8.58 4.4 34.9

Food counter, fountain, and related ......................... 5.94 4.4 22.5 5.83 6.3 22.5 6.13 5.8 22.4

Kitchen workers, food preparation ........................... 7.28 3.2 28.8 7.38 3.4 27.9 6.67 2.1 35.6

Waiters’/Waitresses’ assistants ............................... 4.86 4.4 20.8 4.85 4.4 20.9 – – –

Food preparation, n.e.c. ........................................... 6.98 2.7 27.3 7.02 2.8 27.2 6.32 4.2 27.7

Health service .............................................................. 8.81 1.8 33.4 8.82 1.1 34.0 8.79 5.8 32.1

Health aides, except nursing ................................... 9.70 2.9 33.5 9.88 1.8 35.2 9.34 8.0 30.6

Nursing aides, orderlies and attendants .................. 8.47 1.9 33.4 8.46 1.3 33.5 8.51 6.1 32.8

Cleaning and building service ...................................... 9.70 1.8 33.8 9.95 1.6 34.2 8.43 4.3 32.0

Supervisors, cleaning and building service workers 12.91 5.4 39.6 13.08 6.1 39.6 – – –

Maids and housemen .............................................. 6.90 2.2 31.3 7.05 2.0 33.3 6.50 4.6 27.0

Janitors and cleaners ............................................... 9.93 1.7 33.9 10.13 1.8 34.0 8.80 3.2 33.5

Personal service .......................................................... 9.22 3.6 26.9 9.49 4.0 26.1 7.94 4.8 31.8

Supervisors, personal service .................................. 15.20 21.4 39.0 15.20 21.4 39.0 – – –

Attendants, amusement, and recreation facilities .... 6.43 2.3 23.2 6.48 2.3 22.6 – – –

Guides ..................................................................... 8.37 7.3 29.3 8.37 7.3 29.3 – – –

Ushers ..................................................................... 6.21 4.5 17.5 6.21 4.5 17.5 – – –

Public transportation attendants .............................. 32.03 6.7 18.5 32.03 6.7 18.5 – – –

Baggage porters and bellhops ................................. 9.90 18.3 34.7 9.90 18.3 34.7 – – –

Welfare service aides .............................................. 7.36 4.8 29.1 7.58 5.1 29.5 6.20 5.6 27.3

Early childhood teachers’ assistants ........................ 7.61 2.8 27.4 7.55 3.4 26.5 7.86 1.9 32.4

Child care workers, n.e.c. ........................................ 8.81 4.6 24.7 9.09 4.2 24.0 7.83 12.3 27.6

Service, n.e.c. .......................................................... 9.03 5.3 28.6 9.05 5.8 26.4 8.97 11.9 37.3

1 The East North Central census division consists of Ohio, Indiana, Illinois, Michigan,

and Wisconsin. It also includes the Cincinnati, OH Consolidated Metropolitan Statistical

Area, which is comprised of parts of Ohio, Kentucky, and Indiana. 2 Earnings are the straight-time hourly wages or salaries paid to employees. They

include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard pay. Excluded are premium

pay for overtime, vacations, and holidays; nonproduction bonuses; and tips. The mean is

computed by totaling the pay of all workers and dividing by the number of workers,

weighted by hours. 3 Metropolitan areas can be a Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA) or Consolidated

Metropolitan Statistical Area (CMSA) as defined by the Office of Management and Budget,

1994. Nonmetropolitan areas are counties that do not fit the definitions above. For more

information, see appendix E.

4 In this census division, collection was conducted between January 1998 and April

1999. The average reference period was September 1998. 5 A classification system including about 480 individual occupations is used to cover all

workers in the civilian economy. For more information, see appendix B. 6 The relative standard error (RSE) is the standard error expressed as a percent of the

estimate. It can be used to calculate a "confidence interval" around a sample estimate. For

more information about RSEs, see appendix A.

NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or that data did not meet publication

criteria, and n.e.c. means "not elsewhere classified." Overall occupational groups may

include data for categories not shown separately. 

132
Table 4-9. West North Central census division:1 Mean hourly earnings2 and weekly hours by metropolitan and nonmetropolitan

areas3 for selected occupations, National Compensation Survey,4 1998

Occupation5

Total Metropolitan Nonmetropolitan

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

Mean hours

Relative

error6

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error6

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error6

(percent)

All ................................................................................................ $14.85 1.6 36.5 $15.83 2.4 36.5 $12.10 2.3 36.4

All excluding sales ............................................................... 15.01 1.5 36.8 16.03 2.4 36.9 12.20 2.4 36.5

White collar ............................................................................ 17.63 2.4 36.9 18.57 2.1 37.0 14.03 6.8 36.7

White collar excluding sales ............................................ 18.31 2.1 37.6 19.28 2.0 37.8 14.57 6.8 36.9

Professional specialty and technical ............................... 21.76 1.3 36.9 22.31 1.7 36.8 19.43 1.9 37.2

Professional specialty ...................................................... 23.47 1.2 37.1 23.78 1.4 37.1 22.02 2.8 37.2

Engineers, architects, and surveyors ........................... 27.32 3.3 40.6 27.14 2.6 40.8 – – –

Civil engineers ......................................................... 28.34 5.1 39.2 28.34 5.1 39.2 – – –

Electrical and electronic engineers .......................... 26.75 2.5 40.9 26.75 2.5 40.9 – – –

Industrial engineers ................................................. 27.36 14.9 40.4 22.76 2.9 40.8 – – –

Mechanical engineers .............................................. 25.45 2.7 40.4 25.16 4.3 40.7 – – –

Engineers, n.e.c. ...................................................... 26.75 3.8 41.7 27.05 3.8 41.8 – – –

Mathematical and computer scientists ......................... 24.27 2.8 40.1 24.28 2.8 40.1 – – –

Computer systems analysts and scientists .............. 24.84 3.1 40.1 24.87 3.1 40.1 – – –

Operations and systems researchers and analysts 21.91 4.8 39.8 21.91 4.8 39.8 – – –

Natural scientists ......................................................... 20.72 3.3 40.1 20.70 3.4 40.1 – – –

Chemists, except biochemists ................................. 21.78 11.2 40.6 21.78 11.2 40.6 – – –

Physical scientists, n.e.c. ......................................... 25.46 8.7 39.7 25.44 9.2 39.7 – – –

Agricultural and food scientists ................................ 28.65 19.9 37.7 28.65 19.9 37.7 – – –

Biological and life scientists ..................................... 18.35 8.9 40.0 18.35 8.9 40.0 – – –

Health related .............................................................. 21.04 2.4 35.1 21.37 2.2 34.7 19.85 9.1 36.4

Physicians ................................................................ 36.24 11.1 41.3 31.67 11.2 41.4 – – –

Registered nurses .................................................... 18.32 1.4 33.7 19.33 1.6 33.1 15.40 4.0 35.8

Pharmacists ............................................................. 26.19 1.3 38.7 26.19 1.3 38.7 – – –

Dietitians .................................................................. 15.28 4.3 32.3 15.28 4.3 32.3 – – –

Respiratory therapists .............................................. 16.13 4.9 39.0 16.13 4.9 39.0 – – –

Occupational therapists ........................................... 22.07 5.2 36.2 22.07 7.2 35.0 – – –

Physical therapists ................................................... 20.50 7.3 36.3 22.23 5.6 32.3 – – –

Speech therapists .................................................... 25.92 3.7 32.7 25.92 3.7 32.7 – – –

Therapists, n.e.c. ..................................................... 14.22 3.7 39.4 14.22 3.7 39.4 – – –

Physicians’ assistants .............................................. 25.11 8.5 40.0 – – – – – –

Teachers, college and university ................................. 31.72 2.9 35.8 32.69 4.0 35.3 28.82 1.5 37.6

Social science teachers, n.e.c. ................................ 32.95 7.8 38.8 36.36 2.7 38.1 – – –

Mathematical science teachers ............................... 20.78 26.8 39.9 – – – – – –

Medical science teachers ........................................ 32.26 16.0 39.7 32.26 16.0 39.7 – – –

Health specialities teachers ..................................... 22.86 3.5 38.2 21.85 3.6 39.2 – – –

Business, commerce, and marketing teachers ........ 35.60 9.2 34.1 38.85 11.7 29.8 – – –

Art, drama, and music teachers ............................... 30.78 12.4 34.1 30.78 12.4 34.1 – – –

Education teachers .................................................. 23.77 4.1 26.0 – – – – – –

English teachers ...................................................... 26.21 7.6 29.9 24.28 8.0 29.9 – – –

Theology teachers ................................................... 33.34 2.6 39.8 34.35 1.0 39.7 – – –

Trade and industrial teachers .................................. 28.67 1.7 33.2 32.05 10.7 16.3 – – –

Teachers, post secondary, subject not specified ..... 26.44 12.2 35.9 22.30 9.1 35.2 – – –

Teachers, post secondary, n.e.c. ............................. 28.18 5.7 23.7 27.14 7.5 21.6 – – –

Teachers, except college and university ...................... 24.22 1.6 34.9 24.91 2.2 34.5 22.47 2.0 36.0

Prekindergarten and kindergarten ........................... 19.67 13.2 35.9 19.74 13.7 36.0 – – –

Elementary school teachers .................................... 25.73 2.1 36.6 26.89 2.4 36.3 22.97 2.3 37.5

Secondary school teachers ..................................... 24.98 1.8 36.5 26.67 2.5 35.8 22.35 1.6 37.5

Teachers, special education .................................... 23.50 3.2 37.5 23.80 4.3 37.5 22.85 3.8 37.3

Teachers, n.e.c. ....................................................... 22.94 6.9 32.6 22.89 7.9 33.3 – – –

Substitute teachers .................................................. 9.18 3.1 9.6 9.14 3.3 10.4 – – –

Vocational and educational counselors ................... 17.86 8.2 36.7 18.66 10.0 36.0 – – –

Librarians, archivists, and curators .............................. 23.98 4.5 37.3 24.53 4.5 37.0 – – –

Librarians ................................................................. 23.99 4.5 37.3 24.56 4.5 36.9 – – –

Social scientists and urban planners ........................... 22.06 6.0 39.7 22.20 6.5 39.6 – – –

Economists .............................................................. 24.03 10.4 39.8 24.03 10.4 39.8 – – –

Psychologists ........................................................... 22.31 5.6 39.5 22.75 6.4 39.4 – – –

Social, recreation, and religious workers ..................... 15.05 3.2 37.8 14.91 3.9 37.2 15.65 1.9 40.0

Social workers ......................................................... 15.06 3.3 37.9 14.91 4.0 37.3 15.65 1.9 40.0

Recreation workers .................................................. 12.25 10.5 37.3 12.25 10.5 37.3 – – –

Lawyers and judges ..................................................... 31.14 8.0 41.9 32.25 8.9 42.3 – – –

Lawyers ................................................................... 30.72 8.7 42.0 32.25 8.9 42.3 – – –

See footnotes at end of table.

133
Table 4-9. West North Central census division:1 Mean hourly earnings2 and weekly hours by metropolitan and nonmetropolitan

areas3 for selected occupations, National Compensation Survey,4 1998–Continued

Occupation5

Total Metropolitan Nonmetropolitan

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

Mean hours

Relative

error6

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error6

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error6

(percent)

White collar –Continued

Professional specialty and technical –Continued

Professional specialty –Continued

Writers, authors, entertainers, athletes, and

professionals, n.e.c. ................................................... $19.65 4.6 38.3 $20.72 4.9 38.1 – – –

Designers ................................................................. 18.35 6.2 40.0 18.35 6.2 40.0 – – –

Painters, sculptors, craft artists, and artist

printmakers ............................................................ 16.22 7.9 39.9 17.37 7.5 39.9 – – –

Photographers ......................................................... 17.11 10.5 40.0 17.11 10.5 40.0 – – –

Editors and reporters ............................................... 18.57 4.7 39.1 18.57 4.7 39.1 – – –

Public relations specialists ....................................... 13.97 14.1 39.2 17.91 10.6 38.3 – – –

Athletes .................................................................... 26.89 43.8 28.5 – – – – – –

Professional, n.e.c. .................................................. 25.00 6.7 40.0 25.07 6.7 40.0 – – –

Technical ......................................................................... 16.16 4.4 36.3 17.15 5.2 36.0 $12.86 1.9 37.1

Clinical laboratory technologists and technicians .... 13.81 2.1 38.1 13.91 1.9 37.9 – – –

Health record technologists and technicians ........... 10.01 3.9 33.9 – – – – – –

Radiological technicians .......................................... 16.47 6.9 32.2 17.38 7.8 30.4 – – –

Licensed practical nurses ........................................ 11.63 1.4 34.6 12.26 2.2 34.4 10.74 2.2 34.8

Health technologists and technicians, n.e.c. ............ 11.66 2.6 35.5 12.15 2.8 35.0 – – –

Electrical and electronic technicians ........................ 18.00 5.6 40.0 16.89 3.7 40.0 – – –

Mechanical engineering technicians ........................ 19.19 12.0 40.3 19.19 12.0 40.3 – – –

Engineering technicians, n.e.c. ................................ 17.16 3.5 39.4 17.41 3.9 39.2 – – –

Drafters .................................................................... 14.84 5.0 38.9 16.00 3.6 38.2 – – –

Chemical technicians ............................................... 15.57 4.9 37.8 15.83 5.3 40.0 – – –

Science technicians, n.e.c. ...................................... 13.33 5.5 39.0 13.33 5.5 39.0 – – –

Airplane pilots and navigators .................................. 79.49 26.1 19.5 79.49 26.1 19.5 – – –

Computer programmers ........................................... 20.55 4.3 40.0 20.55 4.3 40.0 – – –

Legal assistants ....................................................... 17.64 6.0 38.4 17.64 6.0 38.4 – – –

Technical and related, n.e.c. .................................... 15.70 6.8 35.7 16.37 6.2 35.1 – – –

Executive, administrative, and managerial ..................... 25.71 2.5 41.0 26.65 3.0 41.1 20.72 8.4 40.3

Executives, administrators, and managers .................. 29.70 3.3 41.2 31.05 4.0 41.4 23.33 7.8 40.4

Legislators ............................................................... 10.11 18.5 18.4 – – – – – –

Administrators and officials, public administration ... 23.81 4.7 40.8 25.06 3.0 40.8 20.67 12.1 40.9

Financial managers ................................................. 30.26 10.0 40.8 35.45 4.2 41.1 – – –

Personnel and labor relations managers ................. 30.31 10.2 41.6 30.31 10.2 41.6 – – –

Purchasing managers .............................................. 24.10 14.2 42.5 31.18 5.5 44.7 – – –

Managers, marketing, advertising, and public

relations ................................................................. 33.08 5.7 40.9 33.94 5.6 41.0 – – –

Administrators, education and related fields ............ 27.91 3.7 40.1 28.00 4.0 40.1 27.39 9.2 40.2

Managers, medicine and health ............................... 26.61 6.3 40.5 28.41 6.6 40.7 – – –

Managers, food servicing and lodging

establishments ....................................................... 18.27 10.5 42.4 19.26 10.6 41.6 – – –

Managers, properties and real estate ...................... 18.63 18.1 39.6 18.63 18.1 39.6 – – –

Managers, service organizations, n.e.c. .................. 23.55 4.9 40.6 24.02 5.3 40.7 – – –

Managers and administrators, n.e.c. ....................... 30.93 5.2 42.5 30.62 5.0 42.5 32.92 17.6 42.3

Management related .................................................... 19.03 2.9 40.5 19.65 2.2 40.6 14.97 9.0 40.0

Accountants and auditors ........................................ 19.63 4.8 39.8 19.86 5.0 39.8 – – –

Underwriters ............................................................ 17.48 10.6 39.7 18.87 8.5 39.6 – – –

Other financial officers ............................................. 22.13 6.3 42.0 22.12 6.4 42.1 – – –

Management analysts .............................................. 22.57 8.8 40.7 23.41 8.1 40.8 – – –

Personnel, training, and labor relations specialists .. 16.41 8.1 40.3 18.16 3.5 40.5 – – –

Buyers, wholesale and retail trade, except farm

products ................................................................. 22.51 6.2 42.5 21.54 7.1 43.2 – – –

Purchasing agents and buyers, n.e.c. ..................... 20.80 7.7 40.4 21.61 7.0 40.4 – – –

Construction inspectors ........................................... 17.51 10.2 39.8 17.51 10.2 39.8 – – –

Inspectors and compliance officers, except

construction ........................................................... 17.90 5.1 40.7 17.90 5.1 40.7 – – –

Management related, n.e.c. ..................................... 18.15 4.7 40.4 18.36 5.0 40.5 – – –

Sales ................................................................................... 12.46 4.7 32.3 13.09 5.3 31.4 10.20 3.7 35.7

Supervisors, sales ................................................... 15.94 6.6 40.2 16.35 7.5 39.3 14.92 14.9 42.6

Insurance sales ........................................................ 15.27 14.5 29.8 14.58 15.9 28.7 – – –

See footnotes at end of table.

134
Table 4-9. West North Central census division:1 Mean hourly earnings2 and weekly hours by metropolitan and nonmetropolitan

areas3 for selected occupations, National Compensation Survey,4 1998–Continued

Occupation5

Total Metropolitan Nonmetropolitan

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

Mean hours

Relative

error6

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error6

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error6

(percent)

White collar –Continued

Sales –Continued

Securities and financial services sales .................... $41.34 27.5 42.6 $42.31 27.2 42.7 – – –

Advertising and related sales ................................... 23.22 13.1 38.9 23.22 13.1 38.9 – – –

Sales, other business services ................................ 15.84 18.1 35.5 19.67 10.1 37.3 – – –

Sales engineers ....................................................... 20.80 9.8 40.8 20.80 9.8 40.8 – – –

Sales representatives, mining, manufacturing, and

wholesale ............................................................... 23.63 9.5 40.4 24.36 9.7 40.5 – – –

Sales workers, motor vehicles and boats ................ 17.61 18.0 45.9 20.10 12.9 45.0 – – –

Sales workers, apparel ............................................ 7.60 6.9 25.3 7.60 6.9 25.3 – – –

Sales workers, hardware and building supplies ....... 14.24 22.1 34.1 14.24 22.1 34.1 – – –

Sales workers, parts ................................................ 11.85 3.2 42.9 11.80 7.5 40.4 – – –

Sales workers, other commodities ........................... 8.85 4.5 30.7 9.13 3.1 28.5 – – –

Sales counter clerks ................................................ 7.73 3.3 27.0 7.75 3.5 26.8 – – –

Cashiers ................................................................... 7.01 2.0 27.3 7.07 2.3 27.3 $6.81 4.4 27.3

Demonstrators, promoters, and models, sales ........ 7.68 4.9 19.6 7.88 4.7 20.2 – – –

Sales support, n.e.c. ................................................ 11.79 8.8 38.6 12.20 14.1 35.6 – – –

Administrative support, including clerical ...................... 10.85 3.0 37.1 11.67 2.3 37.6 8.28 5.9 35.7

Supervisors, general office ...................................... 15.07 3.6 40.3 15.42 3.6 40.4 – – –

Supervisors, financial records processing ............... 15.51 4.4 41.1 15.61 4.4 41.1 – – –

Supervisors, distribution, scheduling, and adjusting

clerks ..................................................................... 14.66 10.9 39.8 14.66 10.9 39.8 – – –

Computer operators ................................................. 12.70 3.9 39.5 12.33 3.2 39.4 – – –

Peripheral equipment operators .............................. 9.85 5.2 39.8 10.21 4.6 39.8 – – –

Secretaries ............................................................... 12.58 1.9 38.5 13.09 2.4 38.7 9.77 1.5 37.8

Stenographers ......................................................... 11.19 5.1 35.9 12.02 2.7 38.6 – – –

Typists ..................................................................... 10.76 3.8 39.6 11.06 4.4 39.5 – – –

Interviewers ............................................................. 8.09 3.9 32.7 8.91 6.8 28.9 – – –

Hotel clerks .............................................................. 7.43 2.3 36.9 7.43 2.3 36.9 – – –

Transportation ticket and reservation agents ........... – – – 12.37 8.4 32.5 – – –

Receptionists ........................................................... 8.46 4.7 33.6 9.33 2.6 33.0 7.25 4.7 34.6

Information clerks, n.e.c. .......................................... 9.94 6.8 36.0 10.75 2.8 34.2 – – –

Correspondence clerks ............................................ 15.35 7.6 40.0 15.35 7.6 40.0 – – –

Order clerks ............................................................. 11.39 9.6 37.8 11.95 9.8 37.5 – – –

Personnel clerks, except payroll and timekeeping ... 11.75 3.6 39.2 11.75 3.6 39.2 – – –

Library clerks ........................................................... 9.23 4.1 27.0 9.24 3.0 28.0 – – –

File clerks ................................................................. 8.75 4.7 36.5 8.75 4.7 36.5 – – –

Records clerks, n.e.c. .............................................. 9.24 3.2 38.1 10.85 3.6 37.4 7.32 4.1 39.1

Bookkeepers, accounting and auditing clerks ......... 10.76 2.3 37.5 11.00 2.6 38.6 9.93 5.0 34.1

Payroll and timekeeping clerks ................................ 12.69 7.6 39.8 11.66 5.2 39.8 – – –

Billing clerks ............................................................. 11.03 5.5 38.5 11.47 5.4 38.3 – – –

Office machine operators, n.e.c. .............................. 7.79 4.6 33.6 7.79 4.6 33.6 – – –

Telephone operators ................................................ 10.89 9.5 33.5 10.89 9.5 33.5 – – –

Mail clerks, except postal service ............................ 7.43 9.3 37.0 8.25 4.5 38.6 – – –

Messengers ............................................................. 8.18 5.2 33.0 8.57 4.4 32.5 – – –

Dispatchers .............................................................. 14.17 18.0 39.2 15.82 20.1 38.9 – – –

Production coordinators ........................................... 14.57 3.4 38.0 14.48 4.9 40.1 – – –

Traffic, shipping and receiving clerks ....................... 10.21 4.0 38.8 10.36 4.3 38.7 – – –

Stock and inventory clerks ....................................... 10.41 4.2 36.4 11.43 4.6 35.2 8.56 4.7 38.8

Weighers, measurers, checkers, and samplers ....... 15.36 22.0 23.9 16.11 20.2 34.1 – – –

Expeditors ................................................................ 14.73 12.1 34.9 14.73 12.1 34.9 – – –

Material recording, scheduling, and distribution

clerks, n.e.c. ........................................................... 10.34 7.4 36.4 10.34 7.4 36.4 – – –

Insurance adjusters, examiners, and investigators .. 13.88 4.6 39.1 13.86 4.7 39.0 – – –

Investigators and adjusters, except insurance ......... 10.61 4.8 38.2 10.70 5.2 38.1 – – –

Eligibility clerks, social welfare ................................. 11.40 9.3 38.3 10.81 12.5 37.4 12.45 9.5 40.0

Bill and account collectors ....................................... 11.32 4.4 39.1 11.29 4.6 39.1 – – –

General office clerks ................................................ 10.98 2.2 36.6 11.66 2.2 37.9 8.34 2.4 32.2

Bank tellers .............................................................. 8.51 3.6 34.3 8.71 3.8 36.0 – – –

Proofreaders ............................................................ 9.10 7.4 29.9 9.10 7.4 29.9 – – –

Data entry keyers ..................................................... 9.37 3.1 38.3 9.39 3.1 38.3 – – –

Statistical clerks ....................................................... 10.04 8.3 36.6 10.04 8.3 36.6 – – –

See footnotes at end of table.

135
Table 4-9. West North Central census division:1 Mean hourly earnings2 and weekly hours by metropolitan and nonmetropolitan

areas3 for selected occupations, National Compensation Survey,4 1998–Continued

Occupation5

Total Metropolitan Nonmetropolitan

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

Mean hours

Relative

error6

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error6

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error6

(percent)

White collar –Continued

Administrative support, including clerical –Continued

Teachers’ aides ....................................................... $8.59 3.8 30.9 $9.29 4.5 33.6 $7.13 3.3 26.5

Administrative support, n.e.c. .................................. 10.40 7.2 36.4 11.51 2.5 37.1 7.57 16.5 34.7

Blue collar .............................................................................. 12.81 1.6 38.8 13.53 2.2 39.0 11.47 3.3 38.4

Precision production, craft, and repair ............................ 15.14 2.2 40.1 16.33 2.2 39.8 12.73 4.4 40.7

Supervisors, mechanics and repairers .................... 18.47 5.6 43.5 20.21 3.9 41.3 – – –

Automobile mechanics ............................................. 14.89 13.5 40.3 18.15 10.7 40.5 – – –

Bus, truck, and stationary engine mechanics .......... 12.86 3.2 41.3 13.15 3.4 40.0 – – –

Automobile body and related repairers .................... 13.65 8.9 42.9 15.89 6.2 41.3 – – –

Aircraft mechanics, except engine ........................... 18.01 5.1 40.0 18.01 5.1 40.0 – – –

Heavy equipment mechanics ................................... 17.78 7.9 40.1 16.31 4.0 40.1 – – –

Industrial machinery repairers ................................. 14.53 3.4 39.6 15.71 2.5 40.0 – – –

Machinery maintenance ........................................... 15.19 4.5 39.6 15.19 4.5 39.6 – – –

Electronic repairers, communications and industrial

equipment .............................................................. 16.41 5.3 40.2 17.11 4.3 40.3 – – –

Data processing equipment repairers ...................... 13.11 8.2 35.5 13.11 8.2 35.5 – – –

Heating, air conditioning, and refrigeration

mechanics .............................................................. 13.67 8.6 39.8 13.67 8.6 39.8 – – –

Millwrights ................................................................ 19.67 6.4 40.0 19.76 6.5 40.0 – – –

Mechanics and repairers, n.e.c. ............................... 15.52 2.5 39.9 16.12 3.8 39.8 14.77 2.2 40.0

Supervisors, construction trades, n.e.c. ................... 18.28 3.5 40.9 18.63 3.5 41.0 – – –

Carpenters ............................................................... 19.59 5.2 39.8 20.10 4.7 39.8 – – –

Electricians .............................................................. 17.68 2.3 40.0 17.62 2.9 40.0 – – –

Painters, construction and maintenance .................. 16.58 17.6 40.0 16.58 17.6 40.0 – – –

Plumbers, pipefitters and steamfitters ..................... 22.35 4.4 40.0 22.50 4.5 40.0 – – –

Structural metal workers .......................................... 17.36 8.0 40.0 – – – – – –

Construction trades, n.e.c. ....................................... 14.22 2.1 40.4 14.60 2.2 40.5 – – –

Supervisors, production ........................................... 17.36 7.5 41.0 19.07 3.5 40.5 14.36 13.4 41.9

Tool and die makers ................................................ 20.50 3.2 40.0 20.50 3.2 40.0 – – –

Precision assemblers, metal .................................... 15.30 11.6 40.0 15.30 11.6 40.0 – – –

Machinists ................................................................ 18.02 4.0 39.9 18.02 4.0 39.9 – – –

Sheet metal workers ................................................ 17.63 7.0 39.9 17.63 7.0 39.9 – – –

Electrical and electronic equipment assemblers ...... 9.04 7.0 39.6 9.04 7.0 39.6 – – –

Miscellaneous precision workers, n.e.c. .................. 12.78 7.1 40.0 12.93 9.9 40.0 – – –

Butchers and meat cutters ....................................... – – – 10.11 6.2 36.1 – – –

Bakers ...................................................................... 8.89 3.6 37.7 8.89 3.6 37.7 – – –

Inspectors, testers, and graders .............................. 14.99 6.4 40.8 14.59 7.3 40.5 – – –

Water and sewer treatment plant operators ............ 17.15 2.7 40.0 17.15 2.7 40.0 – – –

Power plant operators .............................................. 19.89 4.8 40.0 19.89 4.8 40.0 – – –

Stationary engineers ................................................ 16.67 3.8 40.0 16.67 3.8 40.0 – – –

Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors ........... 12.03 1.5 39.2 12.66 2.8 39.5 11.12 1.3 38.8

Punching and stamping press operators ................. 11.08 4.0 39.3 11.23 4.5 39.2 – – –

Drilling and boring machine operators ..................... 11.78 12.5 40.0 11.78 12.5 40.0 – – –

Grinding, abrading, buffing, and polishing machine

operators ................................................................ 11.85 9.2 40.0 14.50 9.5 40.0 – – –

Forging machine operators ...................................... 12.01 5.6 40.0 – – – – – –

Numerical control machine operators ...................... 13.17 8.2 40.0 13.17 8.2 40.0 – – –

Fabricating machine operators, n.e.c. ..................... 11.19 3.1 40.0 13.14 3.3 40.0 10.77 4.5 40.0

Molding and casting machine operators .................. 11.15 5.3 39.6 10.81 6.4 39.4 – – –

Metal plating machine operators .............................. 13.47 6.6 40.0 13.47 6.6 40.0 – – –

Printing press operators ........................................... 16.52 6.2 39.3 16.52 6.2 39.3 – – –

Photoengravers and lithographers ........................... 17.90 7.0 38.2 17.90 7.0 38.2 – – –

Laundering and dry cleaning machine operators ..... 6.32 2.9 24.0 6.46 3.3 31.8 – – –

Packaging and filling machine operators ................. 11.46 4.9 39.4 12.35 5.0 39.1 – – –

Extruding and forming machine operators ............... 10.87 12.4 39.3 12.56 8.5 38.8 – – –

Mixing and blending machine operators .................. 13.10 3.7 40.0 13.78 3.3 40.0 – – –

Painting and paint spraying machine operators ....... 14.72 5.5 40.0 14.80 6.6 40.0 – – –

Slicing and cutting machine operators ..................... 12.66 8.7 39.6 14.57 4.6 39.9 – – –

Photographic process machine operators ............... 9.69 12.1 37.4 9.69 12.1 37.4 – – –

See footnotes at end of table.

136
Table 4-9. West North Central census division:1 Mean hourly earnings2 and weekly hours by metropolitan and nonmetropolitan

areas3 for selected occupations, National Compensation Survey,4 1998–Continued

Occupation5

Total Metropolitan Nonmetropolitan

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

Mean hours

Relative

error6

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error6

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error6

(percent)

Blue collar –Continued

Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors

–Continued

Miscellaneous machine operators, n.e.c. ................ $12.21 5.0 39.7 $11.56 2.7 39.5 $12.60 7.8 39.9

Welders and cutters ................................................. 12.39 5.3 40.0 13.05 3.1 40.0 – – –

Solders and braziers ................................................ – – – 10.91 7.3 40.0 – – –

Assemblers .............................................................. 12.74 5.4 39.0 13.44 4.3 39.7 – – –

Miscellaneous hand working, n.e.c. ......................... 11.16 7.0 40.0 10.68 9.1 40.0 – – –

Production inspectors, checkers and examiners ..... 12.60 6.4 38.9 12.96 6.1 38.8 – – –

Production testers .................................................... 13.76 7.2 40.0 14.36 10.2 40.0 – – –

Transportation and material moving ............................... 14.23 3.1 41.2 14.23 2.7 42.4 14.22 9.1 38.1

Supervisors, motor vehicle operators ...................... 16.63 10.4 40.7 19.32 7.3 41.3 – – –

Truck drivers ............................................................ 14.47 3.6 47.5 14.24 3.3 48.2 17.57 13.5 39.4

Driver-sales workers ................................................ 12.43 13.5 32.1 12.19 17.4 27.3 – – –

Bus drivers ............................................................... 12.51 3.5 26.7 12.60 4.1 28.6 12.09 7.2 20.4

Taxicab drivers and chauffeurs ................................ 8.45 8.1 32.8 8.47 8.1 35.6 – – –

Motor transportation, n.e.c. ...................................... 6.11 6.7 36.1 6.84 5.7 32.3 – – –

Supervisors, material moving equipment ................. 19.52 4.2 40.2 19.52 4.2 40.2 – – –

Operating engineers ................................................ 15.34 6.1 40.0 15.27 9.0 40.0 – – –

Excavating and loading machine operators ............. 18.19 7.9 40.0 19.43 5.6 40.0 – – –

Grader, dozer, and scrapper operators ................... 12.44 9.4 40.0 – – – 11.31 6.2 40.0

Industrial truck and tractor equipment operators ..... 12.49 2.3 39.7 12.79 3.7 39.6 12.08 3.3 39.8

Miscellaneous material moving equipment

operators, n.e.c. ..................................................... 13.78 7.8 39.9 15.72 5.5 39.9 – – –

Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers ... 9.92 1.8 35.3 10.36 2.3 35.2 9.16 3.4 35.6

Groundskeepers and gardeners, except farm ......... 11.00 6.2 37.3 10.96 6.6 37.5 – – –

Supervisors, handlers, equipment cleaners, and

laborers, n.e.c. ....................................................... 12.74 8.2 40.4 14.27 5.1 40.8 – – –

Construction laborers ............................................... 13.43 6.7 39.6 14.29 6.7 39.5 – – –

Production helpers ................................................... 9.69 5.1 38.1 9.69 5.1 38.1 – – –

Stock handlers and baggers .................................... 9.25 6.6 28.9 9.31 4.3 29.9 9.10 20.4 26.8

Machine feeders and offbearers .............................. 9.10 10.0 38.2 10.52 5.6 37.2 – – –

Freight, stock, and material handlers, n.e.c. ............ 11.13 5.4 35.0 11.55 5.8 35.6 – – –

Garage and service station related .......................... 9.27 13.8 32.9 9.27 13.8 32.9 – – –

Vehicle washers and equipment cleaners ............... 8.41 9.2 39.3 9.57 7.0 38.7 – – –

Hand packers and packagers .................................. 8.57 7.3 38.1 9.50 4.7 37.2 – – –

Laborers, except construction, n.e.c. ....................... 9.92 4.2 37.6 10.08 4.4 37.2 9.80 6.7 37.9

Service .................................................................................... 9.23 1.6 31.1 9.46 2.1 31.0 8.61 4.1 31.3

Protective service ........................................................ 14.75 2.9 39.1 15.03 3.6 38.9 13.84 6.7 39.6

Supervisors, firefighters and fire prevention ............ 15.70 5.0 48.3 16.20 4.8 47.6 – – –

Supervisors, police and detectives .......................... 22.67 2.5 40.0 22.80 3.6 40.0 – – –

Supervisors, guards ................................................. 19.40 17.1 40.0 22.25 13.6 40.0 – – –

Firefighting ............................................................... 13.04 3.6 46.8 13.11 4.1 46.1 – – –

Police and detectives, public service ....................... 17.31 3.1 39.8 17.37 3.6 39.8 17.01 4.7 40.0

Sheriffs, bailiffs, and other law enforcement officers 15.70 3.5 37.7 16.45 6.6 35.0 15.13 3.0 40.0

Correctional institution officers ................................. 13.11 6.4 38.9 13.19 7.3 38.7 – – –

Guards and police, except public service ................ 9.18 6.5 34.7 10.15 4.6 34.5 – – –

Protective service, n.e.c. .......................................... 7.81 10.5 26.5 7.84 10.6 26.5 – – –

Food service ................................................................ 7.01 2.1 26.4 7.00 2.4 27.3 7.05 3.0 23.0

Supervisors, food preparation and service .............. 11.17 6.7 35.5 11.60 6.3 35.5 9.01 15.3 35.6

Bartenders ............................................................... 7.05 3.6 28.9 6.97 4.4 26.9 – – –

Waiters and waitresses ............................................ 3.62 5.5 22.9 3.52 5.1 23.7 – – –

Cooks ....................................................................... 8.61 2.4 33.4 8.68 2.7 32.7 8.28 3.3 37.4

Food counter, fountain, and related ......................... 6.46 4.2 23.5 6.46 4.2 23.5 – – –

Kitchen workers, food preparation ........................... 7.38 3.3 26.8 7.53 3.3 27.8 – – –

Waiters’/Waitresses’ assistants ............................... 5.94 7.0 26.2 5.84 8.1 26.6 – – –

Food preparation, n.e.c. ........................................... 6.75 2.4 23.7 6.83 3.0 25.8 6.55 4.3 19.5

Health service .............................................................. 8.22 1.6 31.4 8.80 1.6 31.0 7.54 3.9 31.9

Health aides, except nursing ................................... 8.82 5.2 30.8 9.17 4.3 33.1 – – –

See footnotes at end of table.

137
Table 4-9. West North Central census division:1 Mean hourly earnings2 and weekly hours by metropolitan and nonmetropolitan

areas3 for selected occupations, National Compensation Survey,4 1998–Continued

Occupation5

Total Metropolitan Nonmetropolitan

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

Mean hours

Relative

error6

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error6

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error6

(percent)

Service –Continued

Health service –Continued

Nursing aides, orderlies and attendants .................. $8.13 1.8 31.6 $8.72 1.5 30.8 $7.55 4.1 32.5

Cleaning and building service ...................................... 9.61 2.1 35.0 9.79 2.6 34.5 8.70 4.7 37.4

Supervisors, cleaning and building service workers 15.10 7.3 39.3 16.46 3.6 39.1 – – –

Maids and housemen .............................................. 7.12 2.1 34.4 7.26 1.6 34.4 – – –

Janitors and cleaners ............................................... 9.13 2.2 34.4 9.21 2.6 33.9 8.73 3.1 37.3

Personal service .......................................................... 9.12 3.6 29.6 9.40 5.6 27.8 8.69 1.5 32.6

Supervisors, personal service .................................. 13.61 4.9 38.5 11.91 14.9 34.8 – – –

Attendants, amusement, and recreation facilities .... 7.35 6.9 34.3 8.17 9.9 33.1 – – –

Public transportation attendants .............................. 21.60 11.8 19.3 21.60 11.8 19.3 – – –

Welfare service aides .............................................. 8.96 7.2 26.6 8.91 8.6 25.2 – – –

Early childhood teachers’ assistants ........................ 7.71 5.6 27.5 8.30 6.2 26.7 – – –

Child care workers, n.e.c. ........................................ 7.74 2.8 25.4 7.84 2.6 27.6 – – –

Service, n.e.c. .......................................................... 8.35 4.0 29.8 7.92 5.9 28.5 8.88 3.6 31.6

1 The West North Central census division consists of Minnesota, Iowa, Missouri, North

Dakota, South Dakota, Nebraska, and Kansas. It also includes the St. Louis, MO

Consolidated Metropolitan Statistical Area, which is comprised of parts of Missouri and

Illinois, and the Minneapolis-St. Paul, MN Metropolitan Statistical Area, which is comprised

of parts of Minnesota and Wisconsin. 2 Earnings are the straight-time hourly wages or salaries paid to employees. They

include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard pay. Excluded are premium

pay for overtime, vacations, and holidays; nonproduction bonuses; and tips. The mean is

computed by totaling the pay of all workers and dividing by the number of workers,

weighted by hours. 3 Metropolitan areas can be a Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA) or Consolidated

Metropolitan Statistical Area (CMSA) as defined by the Office of Management and Budget,

1994. Nonmetropolitan areas are counties that do not fit the definitions above. For more

information, see appendix E. 4 In this census division, collection was conducted between April 1998 and April 1999.

The average reference period was September 1998. 5 A classification system including about 480 individual occupations is used to cover all

workers in the civilian economy. For more information, see appendix B. 6 The relative standard error (RSE) is the standard error expressed as a percent of the

estimate. It can be used to calculate a "confidence interval" around a sample estimate. For

more information about RSEs, see appendix A.

NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or that data did not meet publication

criteria, and n.e.c. means "not elsewhere classified." Overall occupational groups may

include data for categories not shown separately. 

138
Table 4-10. South Atlantic census division:1 Mean hourly earnings2 and weekly hours by metropolitan and nonmetropolitan areas3

for selected occupations, National Compensation Survey,4 1998

Occupation5

Total Metropolitan Nonmetropolitan

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

Mean hours

Relative

error6

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error6

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error6

(percent)

All ................................................................................................ $14.40 1.0 37.1 $14.89 0.7 37.0 $12.00 4.4 37.7

All excluding sales ............................................................... 14.54 1.0 37.5 15.04 .7 37.3 12.16 4.5 38.0

White collar ............................................................................ 17.94 .8 37.5 18.32 .8 37.5 15.32 4.0 37.4

White collar excluding sales ............................................ 18.76 .8 38.2 19.14 .8 38.2 16.16 3.7 38.2

Professional specialty and technical ............................... 22.44 1.0 37.6 23.04 1.0 37.5 18.74 3.2 37.8

Professional specialty ...................................................... 23.91 .9 37.6 24.31 1.0 37.5 21.15 2.7 37.9

Engineers, architects, and surveyors ........................... 28.15 1.1 40.2 28.21 1.1 40.2 – – –

Architects ................................................................. 23.74 4.4 39.3 23.74 4.4 39.3 – – –

Aerospace engineers ............................................... 27.33 1.8 40.0 27.33 1.8 40.0 – – –

Chemical engineers ................................................. 28.70 3.8 40.2 28.70 3.8 40.2 – – –

Civil engineers ......................................................... 25.50 3.2 40.7 25.33 3.2 40.7 – – –

Electrical and electronic engineers .......................... 29.61 2.1 40.2 29.64 2.1 40.2 – – –

Industrial engineers ................................................. 23.79 1.3 40.4 23.92 1.4 40.4 – – –

Mechanical engineers .............................................. 26.89 2.3 40.5 26.89 2.3 40.5 – – –

Engineers, n.e.c. ...................................................... 31.31 1.7 40.0 31.33 1.8 40.0 – – –

Surveyors and mapping scientists ........................... 18.41 2.0 42.6 18.41 2.0 42.6 – – –

Mathematical and computer scientists ......................... 25.95 1.9 40.2 26.13 1.9 40.2 – – –

Computer systems analysts and scientists .............. 26.28 2.0 40.4 26.46 1.9 40.4 – – –

Operations and systems researchers and analysts 23.00 3.8 38.9 23.14 3.9 38.9 – – –

Statisticians .............................................................. 25.98 10.4 40.0 26.86 8.2 40.0 – – –

Natural scientists ......................................................... 22.48 3.1 39.7 23.00 2.6 39.7 – – –

Chemists, except biochemists ................................. 24.76 4.1 40.0 24.76 4.1 40.0 – – –

Geologists and geodesists ....................................... 25.59 3.9 44.2 25.59 3.9 44.2 – – –

Physical scientists, n.e.c. ......................................... 23.51 12.7 39.9 24.23 12.9 39.9 – – –

Agricultural and food scientists ................................ 21.42 6.7 39.3 21.92 8.2 39.2 – – –

Biological and life scientists ..................................... 19.04 6.1 40.1 18.73 6.5 40.1 – – –

Medical scientists ..................................................... 21.56 7.4 38.3 22.95 3.5 37.8 – – –

Health related .............................................................. 22.01 3.8 35.5 22.54 4.3 35.1 18.81 3.8 37.7

Physicians ................................................................ 50.44 23.4 42.2 52.10 23.4 42.4 – – –

Registered nurses .................................................... 19.67 1.4 34.6 19.95 1.6 34.1 18.15 .9 37.9

Pharmacists ............................................................. 28.11 2.1 37.4 28.40 1.9 37.3 – – –

Dietitians .................................................................. 16.77 2.4 39.5 16.77 2.4 39.5 – – –

Respiratory therapists .............................................. 16.56 2.7 34.8 16.85 2.9 34.9 – – –

Occupational therapists ........................................... 21.25 7.3 38.2 20.66 8.4 39.1 – – –

Physical therapists ................................................... 26.48 3.7 35.5 26.48 3.7 35.5 – – –

Speech therapists .................................................... 26.43 6.0 35.3 26.43 6.0 35.3 – – –

Therapists, n.e.c. ..................................................... 15.19 3.8 38.3 15.10 4.4 38.0 – – –

Physicians’ assistants .............................................. 26.12 7.1 40.4 26.12 7.1 40.4 – – –

Teachers, college and university ................................. 29.43 1.5 38.9 29.70 1.8 37.4 28.32 1.4 46.6

Biological science teachers ..................................... 32.33 14.5 43.6 36.70 18.3 38.6 – – –

Chemistry teachers .................................................. 28.70 3.7 53.6 24.99 6.1 50.2 – – –

Psychology teachers ................................................ 31.04 11.1 40.8 31.04 11.1 40.8 – – –

Economics teachers ................................................ 36.42 7.6 50.1 31.56 8.9 34.2 – – –

History teachers ....................................................... 27.87 9.9 39.0 27.87 9.9 39.0 – – –

Social science teachers, n.e.c. ................................ 21.11 11.2 34.1 21.11 11.2 34.1 – – –

Engineering teachers ............................................... 30.73 2.8 47.8 27.09 18.5 33.0 – – –

Mathematical science teachers ............................... 26.77 8.6 34.0 25.50 10.6 31.9 – – –

Computer science teachers ..................................... 26.78 14.0 20.4 26.78 14.0 20.4 – – –

Medical science teachers ........................................ 47.34 7.4 35.7 47.34 7.4 35.7 – – –

Health specialities teachers ..................................... 42.33 19.7 35.7 42.33 19.7 35.7 – – –

Business, commerce, and marketing teachers ........ 33.11 10.3 41.6 33.11 10.3 41.6 – – –

Art, drama, and music teachers ............................... 22.16 4.4 33.3 22.16 4.4 33.3 – – –

Education teachers .................................................. 26.62 16.7 44.2 26.62 16.7 44.2 – – –

English teachers ...................................................... 23.21 7.8 29.6 23.21 7.8 29.6 – – –

Foreign language teachers ...................................... 17.32 15.2 40.4 29.96 9.5 22.0 – – –

Law teachers ........................................................... 56.28 11.5 44.1 56.28 11.5 44.1 – – –

Teachers, post secondary, subject not specified ..... 33.07 9.7 38.0 33.07 9.7 38.0 – – –

Teachers, post secondary, n.e.c. ............................. 27.67 2.0 37.7 27.78 2.0 38.5 25.55 4.3 26.2

Teachers, except college and university ...................... 23.12 1.0 36.2 23.37 1.3 36.2 22.23 1.7 36.2

Prekindergarten and kindergarten ........................... 22.71 3.4 36.9 22.48 4.0 36.9 – – –

Elementary school teachers .................................... 23.41 1.4 37.4 23.46 1.5 37.3 23.19 2.9 37.7

Secondary school teachers ..................................... 24.46 1.3 37.6 24.70 1.2 37.6 23.51 3.1 37.6

Teachers, special education .................................... 24.17 2.4 37.7 24.49 2.4 37.7 – – –

See footnotes at end of table.

139
Table 4-10. South Atlantic census division:1 Mean hourly earnings2 and weekly hours by metropolitan and nonmetropolitan areas3

for selected occupations, National Compensation Survey,4 1998–Continued

Occupation5

Total Metropolitan Nonmetropolitan

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

Mean hours

Relative

error6

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error6

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error6

(percent)

White collar –Continued

Professional specialty and technical –Continued

Professional specialty –Continued

Teachers, except college and university –Continued

Teachers, n.e.c. ....................................................... $21.81 3.8 33.4 $22.91 3.8 31.3 $19.77 1.8 38.0

Substitute teachers .................................................. 7.53 3.6 19.8 7.89 1.3 23.4 – – –

Vocational and educational counselors ................... 23.23 5.3 37.5 23.03 5.3 37.4 – – –

Librarians, archivists, and curators .............................. 18.55 3.0 36.6 18.53 2.5 37.6 – – –

Librarians ................................................................. 18.56 3.0 36.7 18.54 2.5 37.7 – – –

Social scientists and urban planners ........................... 21.47 2.3 38.8 21.85 2.1 38.8 – – –

Economists .............................................................. 24.64 5.1 40.0 24.64 5.1 40.0 – – –

Psychologists ........................................................... 21.46 4.7 37.1 22.27 4.2 36.6 – – –

Social scientists, n.e.c. ............................................ 24.86 7.8 38.7 24.86 7.8 38.7 – – –

Urban planners ........................................................ 20.11 4.1 40.0 21.29 2.7 40.0 – – –

Social, recreation, and religious workers ..................... 14.45 2.1 38.7 14.42 1.7 38.5 14.60 9.0 40.0

Social workers ......................................................... 14.53 2.2 39.3 14.52 1.9 39.2 14.60 9.0 40.0

Recreation workers .................................................. 13.24 4.4 33.0 13.24 4.4 33.0 – – –

Lawyers and judges ..................................................... 37.03 3.9 41.7 37.22 3.8 42.1 – – –

Lawyers ................................................................... 36.87 4.4 42.2 36.87 4.4 42.2 – – –

Writers, authors, entertainers, athletes, and

professionals, n.e.c. ................................................... 20.44 5.0 37.2 20.73 5.1 37.0 – – –

Technical writers ...................................................... 16.78 2.6 39.6 16.78 2.6 39.6 – – –

Designers ................................................................. 17.56 2.8 39.9 17.56 2.8 39.9 – – –

Actors and directors ................................................. 13.86 21.3 30.9 13.86 21.3 30.9 – – –

Painters, sculptors, craft artists, and artist

printmakers ............................................................ 17.20 11.5 39.9 17.20 11.5 39.9 – – –

Photographers ......................................................... 15.60 9.1 39.1 17.19 4.8 38.8 – – –

Artists, performers, and related workers, n.e.c. ....... 14.43 24.9 30.0 14.43 24.9 30.0 – – –

Editors and reporters ............................................... 24.66 11.6 38.4 24.66 11.6 38.4 – – –

Public relations specialists ....................................... 21.27 7.5 39.6 22.04 8.3 39.5 – – –

Announcers .............................................................. 29.71 48.0 24.2 29.71 48.0 24.2 – – –

Athletes .................................................................... 14.12 9.8 27.1 14.12 9.8 27.1 – – –

Professional, n.e.c. .................................................. 24.90 6.4 39.4 24.90 6.4 39.4 – – –

Technical ......................................................................... 17.25 2.9 37.5 18.25 3.1 37.5 12.75 3.0 37.5

Clinical laboratory technologists and technicians .... 15.47 1.9 38.4 15.40 1.9 38.3 15.82 5.3 38.5

Health record technologists and technicians ........... 11.00 12.1 40.0 12.75 6.4 40.0 – – –

Radiological technicians .......................................... 16.51 2.4 35.3 16.76 2.4 35.9 – – –

Licensed practical nurses ........................................ 12.42 1.3 36.6 12.93 .8 35.5 11.37 2.8 39.1

Health technologists and technicians, n.e.c. ............ 11.93 2.4 36.5 12.35 2.3 36.7 10.86 4.7 35.9

Electrical and electronic technicians ........................ 18.51 2.7 40.0 18.54 2.1 40.0 – – –

Industrial engineering technicians ........................... 18.25 1.2 41.7 18.25 1.2 41.7 – – –

Mechanical engineering technicians ........................ 16.08 8.9 39.7 16.08 8.9 39.7 – – –

Engineering technicians, n.e.c. ................................ 16.69 5.3 39.7 17.19 4.0 39.7 – – –

Drafters .................................................................... 17.25 2.4 39.6 17.25 2.4 39.6 – – –

Surveying and mapping technicians ........................ 13.41 4.3 40.1 13.24 4.8 40.2 – – –

Biological technicians .............................................. 14.18 9.8 35.8 13.21 12.2 34.4 – – –

Chemical technicians ............................................... 16.73 4.6 39.9 18.85 5.0 39.8 – – –

Science technicians, n.e.c. ...................................... 17.56 6.8 40.5 17.56 6.8 40.5 – – –

Airplane pilots and navigators .................................. 95.06 14.4 22.2 95.06 14.4 22.2 – – –

Broadcast equipment operators ............................... 15.66 21.5 34.9 15.66 21.5 34.9 – – –

Computer programmers ........................................... 22.79 3.8 39.8 22.79 3.8 39.8 – – –

Legal assistants ....................................................... 17.08 5.7 39.7 17.08 5.7 39.7 – – –

Technical and related, n.e.c. .................................... 16.27 5.4 38.2 16.41 6.2 39.6 15.52 9.1 32.5

Executive, administrative, and managerial ..................... 25.59 1.1 40.4 25.71 1.2 40.6 24.39 3.5 38.6

Executives, administrators, and managers .................. 29.67 1.4 40.7 29.95 1.5 41.0 27.24 3.3 38.0

Legislators ............................................................... 10.12 43.2 14.9 7.34 3.1 15.5 – – –

Chief executives and general administrators, public

administration ........................................................ 39.51 9.5 40.2 39.51 9.5 40.2 – – –

Administrators and officials, public administration ... 24.95 2.6 39.7 25.33 2.7 39.7 21.04 8.8 40.0

Financial managers ................................................. 31.24 5.0 41.0 31.64 5.0 41.0 – – –

Personnel and labor relations managers ................. 29.15 6.9 42.3 30.24 6.1 42.5 – – –

Purchasing managers .............................................. 30.24 9.4 40.5 33.65 6.9 40.7 – – –

See footnotes at end of table.

140
Table 4-10. South Atlantic census division:1 Mean hourly earnings2 and weekly hours by metropolitan and nonmetropolitan areas3

for selected occupations, National Compensation Survey,4 1998–Continued

Occupation5

Total Metropolitan Nonmetropolitan

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

Mean hours

Relative

error6

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error6

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error6

(percent)

White collar –Continued

Executive, administrative, and managerial –Continued

Executives, administrators, and managers

–Continued

Managers, marketing, advertising, and public

relations ................................................................. $31.94 4.3 41.0 $32.41 4.2 41.3 – – –

Administrators, education and related fields ............ 30.21 3.0 39.4 29.77 3.4 39.9 $31.61 6.1 38.1

Managers, medicine and health ............................... 29.35 2.9 40.4 29.14 2.7 40.6 – – –

Managers, food servicing and lodging

establishments ....................................................... 18.21 3.9 41.2 17.59 3.9 41.1 – – –

Managers, properties and real estate ...................... 25.45 18.9 41.1 25.45 18.9 41.1 – – –

Managers, service organizations, n.e.c. .................. 27.95 4.6 40.5 28.13 4.8 40.7 – – –

Managers and administrators, n.e.c. ....................... 31.92 2.2 41.5 32.22 2.3 41.8 27.42 12.5 37.9

Management related .................................................... 19.86 1.4 40.1 19.96 1.6 40.1 18.61 6.9 39.8

Accountants and auditors ........................................ 19.56 2.0 39.9 19.71 3.4 39.9 – – –

Underwriters ............................................................ 20.37 5.2 41.3 20.37 5.2 41.3 – – –

Other financial officers ............................................. 21.26 5.1 40.7 20.65 4.3 40.9 24.51 9.6 40.0

Management analysts .............................................. 20.08 2.8 40.6 20.08 2.8 40.6 – – –

Personnel, training, and labor relations specialists .. 19.20 2.7 40.0 19.15 2.7 40.0 – – –

Buyers, wholesale and retail trade, except farm

products ................................................................. 29.86 20.3 39.4 29.86 20.3 39.4 – – –

Purchasing agents and buyers, n.e.c. ..................... 17.83 4.8 40.1 17.83 5.2 40.1 – – –

Construction inspectors ........................................... 16.55 3.6 41.1 16.94 3.2 41.2 – – –

Inspectors and compliance officers, except

construction ........................................................... 16.40 8.0 40.2 17.01 9.4 40.2 13.01 5.1 40.0

Management related, n.e.c. ..................................... 21.15 2.9 39.7 21.45 3.0 39.7 18.84 10.0 39.5

Sales ................................................................................... 12.38 3.4 32.9 12.85 3.6 32.9 8.44 2.4 32.5

Supervisors, sales ................................................... 17.96 5.3 41.3 18.81 5.6 41.4 12.79 7.4 40.8

Insurance sales ........................................................ 22.30 21.4 40.8 22.30 21.4 40.8 – – –

Real estate sales ..................................................... 23.53 15.6 37.3 23.53 15.6 37.3 – – –

Securities and financial services sales .................... 45.81 12.4 39.6 45.81 12.4 39.6 – – –

Advertising and related sales ................................... 21.64 7.6 38.5 21.82 7.8 38.5 – – –

Sales, other business services ................................ 17.91 6.6 36.2 18.18 6.6 36.0 – – –

Sales engineers ....................................................... 32.17 4.6 40.9 32.17 4.6 40.9 – – –

Sales representatives, mining, manufacturing, and

wholesale ............................................................... 23.19 4.5 41.3 23.52 4.4 41.4 – – –

Sales workers, motor vehicles and boats ................ 17.75 4.1 45.8 17.75 4.1 45.8 – – –

Sales workers, apparel ............................................ 10.19 11.3 28.5 10.19 11.3 28.5 – – –

Sales workers, shoes ............................................... 9.17 13.7 30.1 9.17 13.7 30.1 – – –

Sales workers, furniture and home furnishings ........ 10.63 14.4 30.7 10.63 14.4 30.7 – – –

Sales workers, hardware and building supplies ....... 9.81 5.3 37.7 10.47 3.2 37.4 – – –

Sales workers, parts ................................................ 13.26 8.6 37.8 14.26 5.5 37.4 – – –

Sales workers, other commodities ........................... 9.03 4.1 30.7 9.33 4.0 30.6 7.16 6.3 31.6

Sales counter clerks ................................................ 8.44 5.6 29.8 8.44 5.6 29.8 – – –

Cashiers ................................................................... 6.69 1.1 27.7 6.75 1.0 27.9 6.28 3.3 25.8

Demonstrators, promoters, and models, sales ........ 11.70 7.6 32.4 11.70 7.6 32.4 – – –

Sales support, n.e.c. ................................................ 11.71 5.4 38.0 11.71 5.4 38.0 – – –

Administrative support, including clerical ...................... 11.34 .8 38.0 11.46 .7 37.9 10.58 3.5 38.5

Supervisors, general office ...................................... 16.47 3.1 39.8 16.58 3.3 39.8 – – –

Supervisors, computer equipment operators ........... 20.91 6.7 40.3 17.57 5.0 40.8 – – –

Supervisors, financial records processing ............... 18.12 4.9 40.0 18.12 4.9 40.0 – – –

Chief communications operators ............................. 16.22 8.2 40.9 15.19 13.8 41.5 – – –

Supervisors, distribution, scheduling, and adjusting

clerks ..................................................................... 16.88 4.4 39.9 17.39 4.2 39.9 – – –

Computer operators ................................................. 12.23 4.7 39.6 12.42 4.5 39.8 – – –

Peripheral equipment operators .............................. 10.26 7.3 40.0 10.26 7.3 40.0 – – –

Secretaries ............................................................... 12.80 1.5 38.9 12.88 1.6 39.0 12.15 3.6 38.2

Stenographers ......................................................... 11.13 3.3 38.4 11.80 3.5 37.5 – – –

Typists ..................................................................... 11.88 4.4 38.1 11.98 4.4 38.1 – – –

Interviewers ............................................................. 9.62 3.3 36.9 9.95 2.6 36.3 7.99 .8 40.0

Hotel clerks .............................................................. 8.23 8.9 37.4 8.48 9.9 36.8 – – –

See footnotes at end of table.

141
Table 4-10. South Atlantic census division:1 Mean hourly earnings2 and weekly hours by metropolitan and nonmetropolitan areas3

for selected occupations, National Compensation Survey,4 1998–Continued

Occupation5

Total Metropolitan Nonmetropolitan

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

Mean hours

Relative

error6

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error6

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error6

(percent)

White collar –Continued

Administrative support, including clerical –Continued

Transportation ticket and reservation agents ........... $13.43 5.3 36.6 $13.95 3.9 36.4 – – –

Receptionists ........................................................... 8.60 1.6 35.9 8.73 1.4 35.6 $7.38 5.6 39.7

Information clerks, n.e.c. .......................................... 11.29 4.7 36.9 11.29 4.7 36.9 – – –

Correspondence clerks ............................................ 9.17 3.5 38.1 9.17 3.5 38.1 – – –

Order clerks ............................................................. 11.67 2.2 36.5 11.42 1.7 36.1 13.54 4.5 40.0

Personnel clerks, except payroll and timekeeping ... 11.44 4.0 39.3 11.52 3.7 39.0 – – –

Library clerks ........................................................... 9.43 2.1 32.0 9.52 1.8 30.8 9.23 5.8 34.9

File clerks ................................................................. 8.44 3.0 36.8 8.62 3.1 37.7 – – –

Records clerks, n.e.c. .............................................. 11.13 2.5 37.8 11.22 2.4 38.0 9.83 14.3 35.1

Bookkeepers, accounting and auditing clerks ......... 10.81 1.4 38.6 10.74 1.1 38.6 11.31 6.9 38.5

Payroll and timekeeping clerks ................................ 12.00 1.9 37.0 12.03 2.3 36.0 – – –

Billing clerks ............................................................. 10.78 2.6 38.3 10.97 2.5 38.8 – – –

Cost and rate clerks ................................................. 12.35 5.3 39.6 12.64 5.2 39.5 – – –

Billing, posting, and calculating machine operators 9.56 3.4 37.6 9.56 3.4 37.6 – – –

Duplicating machine operators ................................ 8.44 1.9 39.9 8.44 1.9 39.9 – – –

Office machine operators, n.e.c. .............................. 8.88 6.2 40.0 8.88 6.2 40.0 – – –

Telephone operators ................................................ 10.73 5.6 36.9 10.80 6.8 35.5 – – –

Communications equipment operators, n.e.c. ......... 10.88 3.4 36.3 10.42 3.8 35.6 – – –

Mail clerks, except postal service ............................ 8.64 3.6 35.6 8.64 3.6 35.6 – – –

Messengers ............................................................. 8.23 2.7 34.8 8.29 2.7 34.9 – – –

Dispatchers .............................................................. 12.45 4.5 40.9 12.02 2.4 40.5 14.05 9.7 42.4

Production coordinators ........................................... 12.91 3.9 37.0 13.29 3.2 36.7 – – –

Traffic, shipping and receiving clerks ....................... 10.62 6.0 39.8 10.61 2.1 39.7 – – –

Stock and inventory clerks ....................................... 10.56 2.4 37.8 10.52 2.5 37.5 10.85 6.9 40.0

Meter readers .......................................................... 11.84 7.3 39.9 11.99 8.8 39.9 – – –

Weighers, measurers, checkers, and samplers ....... 11.17 7.1 40.0 11.17 7.1 40.0 – – –

Expeditors ................................................................ 12.24 5.7 39.8 12.24 5.7 39.8 – – –

Material recording, scheduling, and distribution

clerks, n.e.c. ........................................................... 12.51 7.8 37.7 12.40 8.4 37.5 – – –

Insurance adjusters, examiners, and investigators .. 15.21 5.0 39.4 15.21 5.0 39.4 – – –

Investigators and adjusters, except insurance ......... 10.95 3.7 38.3 11.10 3.7 38.2 – – –

Eligibility clerks, social welfare ................................. 11.96 3.0 39.2 12.16 3.1 39.0 – – –

Bill and account collectors ....................................... 11.51 3.4 38.5 11.55 3.6 38.4 – – –

General office clerks ................................................ 10.51 .9 38.6 10.58 .9 38.5 10.15 2.0 39.2

Bank tellers .............................................................. 8.35 2.4 35.4 8.39 2.5 35.4 – – –

Proofreaders ............................................................ 9.49 7.1 40.2 – – – – – –

Data entry keyers ..................................................... 9.55 2.3 37.7 9.44 2.2 37.7 – – –

Statistical clerks ....................................................... 11.38 4.0 39.2 11.65 3.7 39.2 – – –

Teachers’ aides ....................................................... 8.77 3.7 34.7 8.63 2.5 34.2 9.06 9.9 35.8

Administrative support, n.e.c. .................................. 11.16 3.0 37.4 11.81 2.3 37.6 8.37 6.2 36.5

Blue collar .............................................................................. 11.69 1.4 38.5 11.98 .7 38.4 10.67 6.0 39.1

Precision production, craft, and repair ............................ 15.05 1.7 39.8 15.35 1.1 39.8 14.01 6.8 40.0

Supervisors, mechanics and repairers .................... 21.34 4.6 40.2 22.04 2.7 40.3 – – –

Automobile mechanics ............................................. 16.02 3.0 40.5 16.37 2.8 40.5 – – –

Automobile mechanic apprentices ........................... 10.12 17.1 41.6 10.12 17.1 41.6 – – –

Bus, truck, and stationary engine mechanics .......... 14.70 4.4 40.0 15.14 4.7 39.9 – – –

Aircraft engine mechanics ....................................... 22.28 3.2 40.0 22.28 3.2 40.0 – – –

Automobile body and related repairers .................... 13.72 2.8 39.4 13.72 2.8 39.4 – – –

Aircraft mechanics, except engine ........................... 20.32 6.6 40.0 20.32 6.6 40.0 – – –

Heavy equipment mechanics ................................... 13.46 3.4 40.0 13.76 2.8 40.0 – – –

Industrial machinery repairers ................................. 16.21 4.8 39.9 15.13 1.0 39.8 18.09 8.5 40.0

Machinery maintenance ........................................... 12.31 6.0 39.7 12.33 2.7 39.5 – – –

Electronic repairers, communications and industrial

equipment .............................................................. 15.55 5.8 40.0 15.27 6.0 40.0 – – –

Data processing equipment repairers ...................... 15.96 4.0 38.9 15.96 4.0 38.9 – – –

Household appliance and power tool repairers ....... 13.49 9.8 40.0 12.08 5.0 40.0 – – –

Telephone line installers and repairers .................... 18.14 7.0 39.8 18.75 7.3 39.8 14.89 14.1 40.0

Telephone installers and repairers .......................... 18.20 2.2 40.0 18.17 2.2 40.0 – – –

See footnotes at end of table.

142
Table 4-10. South Atlantic census division:1 Mean hourly earnings2 and weekly hours by metropolitan and nonmetropolitan areas3

for selected occupations, National Compensation Survey,4 1998–Continued

Occupation5

Total Metropolitan Nonmetropolitan

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

Mean hours

Relative

error6

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error6

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error6

(percent)

Blue collar –Continued

Precision production, craft, and repair –Continued

Heating, air conditioning, and refrigeration

mechanics .............................................................. $14.14 2.8 40.1 $14.30 3.0 40.1 – – –

Office machine repairers .......................................... 14.26 9.5 40.0 14.26 9.5 40.0 – – –

Mechanical controls and valve repairers ................. 15.15 5.4 40.0 14.36 3.9 40.0 – – –

Millwrights ................................................................ 15.39 4.1 40.0 15.39 4.1 40.0 – – –

Mechanics and repairers, n.e.c. ............................... 14.30 3.7 40.0 14.93 1.9 40.1 $13.01 10.7 40.0

Supervisors, carpenters and related workers .......... 15.95 12.7 40.0 15.95 12.7 40.0 – – –

Supervisors, electricians and power transmission

installers ................................................................. 19.05 7.3 40.1 21.55 6.0 40.4 – – –

Supervisors, construction trades, n.e.c. ................... 16.38 2.5 40.3 16.71 2.6 40.4 – – –

Carpenters ............................................................... 13.08 3.7 39.7 13.16 3.7 39.7 – – –

Electricians .............................................................. 15.98 4.3 39.9 16.55 5.4 39.9 14.52 4.8 40.0

Electrician apprentices ............................................. 10.99 6.1 40.1 10.99 6.1 40.1 – – –

Electrical power installers and repairers .................. 18.27 3.4 40.0 19.54 2.4 40.0 – – –

Painters, construction and maintenance .................. 12.64 6.0 38.9 12.66 6.3 38.9 – – –

Plumbers, pipefitters and steamfitters ..................... 19.45 8.2 40.0 19.61 8.1 40.0 – – –

Concrete and terrazzo finishers ............................... 11.82 13.8 40.8 11.82 13.8 40.8 – – –

Insulation workers .................................................... 11.22 13.2 40.0 11.70 15.3 40.0 – – –

Paving, surfacing, and tamping equipment

operators ................................................................ – – – 9.72 8.3 40.0 – – –

Sheetmetal duct installers ........................................ 14.16 9.1 40.0 14.16 9.1 40.0 – – –

Structural metal workers .......................................... 13.41 4.5 40.0 13.41 4.5 40.0 – – –

Construction trades, n.e.c. ....................................... 11.49 5.1 40.0 12.33 4.5 39.9 10.32 10.5 40.0

Supervisors, production ........................................... 17.98 2.3 41.0 18.23 1.5 41.6 17.50 6.0 40.0

Tool and die makers ................................................ 15.18 8.5 40.0 16.60 5.3 40.0 – – –

Tool and die maker apprentices .............................. 12.53 7.1 40.0 12.53 7.1 40.0 – – –

Precision assemblers, metal .................................... 13.35 .4 40.0 13.35 .4 40.0 – – –

Machinists ................................................................ 16.50 2.2 40.2 16.50 2.2 40.2 – – –

Patternmakers and modelmakers, metal ................. 14.09 14.4 40.0 14.09 14.4 40.0 – – –

Sheet metal workers ................................................ 14.40 1.2 40.0 14.40 1.2 40.0 – – –

Furniture and wood finishers ................................... 10.51 1.6 40.0 10.51 1.6 40.0 – – –

Dressmakers ............................................................ 10.42 13.0 40.0 10.42 13.0 40.0 – – –

Upholsterers ............................................................ 15.23 .0 39.1 15.23 .0 39.1 – – –

Electrical and electronic equipment assemblers ...... 10.30 3.0 39.5 9.85 2.5 39.3 – – –

Miscellaneous precision workers, n.e.c. .................. 14.91 14.3 39.9 13.47 15.7 39.9 – – –

Butchers and meat cutters ....................................... 8.21 6.2 35.8 8.81 4.5 32.3 – – –

Bakers ...................................................................... 8.89 3.9 37.1 8.89 3.9 37.1 – – –

Food batchmakers ................................................... 9.11 .6 40.0 9.11 .6 40.0 – – –

Inspectors, testers, and graders .............................. 14.58 2.4 40.5 14.58 2.4 40.5 – – –

Precision inspectors, testers, and related workers,

n.e.c. ...................................................................... 18.20 7.8 40.0 18.20 7.8 40.0 – – –

Water and sewer treatment plant operators ............ 13.68 4.6 38.0 13.67 5.1 37.7 – – –

Power plant operators .............................................. 19.55 5.1 40.0 19.55 5.1 40.0 – – –

Stationary engineers ................................................ 18.00 3.1 39.9 18.00 3.1 39.9 – – –

Miscellaneous plant and system operators, n.e.c. ... 15.81 7.4 39.2 15.81 7.4 39.2 – – –

Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors ........... 10.55 1.8 39.6 11.04 .8 39.5 9.37 5.1 40.0

Lathe and turning machine set-up operators ........... 13.44 5.1 39.9 14.30 4.6 39.9 – – –

Lathe and turning machine operators ...................... 12.15 3.5 40.0 12.15 3.5 40.0 – – –

Punching and stamping press operators ................. 10.94 7.6 39.9 10.94 7.6 39.9 – – –

Drilling and boring machine operators ..................... 11.39 4.8 39.9 11.39 4.8 39.9 – – –

Grinding, abrading, buffing, and polishing machine

operators ................................................................ 9.87 3.4 40.0 9.92 4.2 40.0 – – –

Numerical control machine operators ...................... 14.09 3.9 40.0 14.09 3.9 40.0 – – –

Fabricating machine operators, n.e.c. ..................... 11.32 3.5 40.0 11.32 3.5 40.0 – – –

Molding and casting machine operators .................. 9.80 6.4 39.9 10.17 2.9 39.8 – – –

Heat treating equipment operators .......................... 11.92 9.8 40.6 11.92 9.8 40.6 – – –

Wood lathe, routing, and planing machine

operators ................................................................ 9.05 14.0 36.5 10.82 .8 34.1 – – –

Sawing machine operators ...................................... – – – 10.61 4.9 38.4 – – –

Shaping and jointing machine operators ................. 9.97 1.3 40.0 9.97 1.3 40.0 – – –

See footnotes at end of table.

143
Table 4-10. South Atlantic census division:1 Mean hourly earnings2 and weekly hours by metropolitan and nonmetropolitan areas3

for selected occupations, National Compensation Survey,4 1998–Continued

Occupation5

Total Metropolitan Nonmetropolitan

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

Mean hours

Relative

error6

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error6

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error6

(percent)

Blue collar –Continued

Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors

–Continued

Printing press operators ........................................... $15.42 4.1 38.3 $15.42 4.1 38.3 – – –

Photoengravers and lithographers ........................... 14.30 2.8 39.4 14.30 2.8 39.4 – – –

Typesetters and compositors ................................... 11.69 9.9 38.3 11.72 10.0 39.2 – – –

Winding and twisting machine operators ................. 11.18 7.9 39.9 9.65 2.9 39.9 – – –

Knitting, looping, taping, and weaving machine

operators ................................................................ 10.20 1.6 40.1 10.20 1.6 40.1 – – –

Textile cutting machine operators ............................ 9.35 3.8 39.9 9.50 2.9 39.9 – – –

Textile sewing machine operators ........................... 8.11 4.8 39.7 8.63 3.4 39.4 – – –

Laundering and dry cleaning machine operators ..... 7.18 2.7 38.6 7.35 2.8 39.0 $6.66 6.2 37.7

Cementing and gluing machine operators ............... – – – 9.69 12.1 40.0 – – –

Packaging and filling machine operators ................. 10.69 8.5 39.3 12.75 4.9 38.8 – – –

Extruding and forming machine operators ............... 12.17 2.5 40.2 12.17 2.5 40.2 – – –

Mixing and blending machine operators .................. 12.21 5.3 39.9 12.53 5.4 39.9 – – –

Separating, filtering, and clarifying machine

operators ................................................................ 16.35 2.1 39.9 16.35 2.1 39.9 – – –

Compressing and compacting machine operators .. 10.17 3.5 38.6 10.17 3.5 38.6 – – –

Painting and paint spraying machine operators ....... 12.37 2.8 40.3 12.37 2.8 40.3 – – –

Folding machine operators ...................................... 9.11 5.1 39.9 9.11 5.1 39.9 – – –

Furnace, kiln, and oven operators, except food ....... 12.19 3.6 40.1 12.19 3.6 40.1 – – –

Crushing and grinding machine operators ............... 11.55 4.0 40.0 11.55 4.0 40.0 – – –

Slicing and cutting machine operators ..................... 12.18 1.6 40.0 12.18 1.6 40.0 – – –

Photographic process machine operators ............... 8.63 13.1 35.5 7.38 4.3 34.6 – – –

Miscellaneous machine operators, n.e.c. ................ 11.87 2.4 39.7 11.85 .9 39.6 11.93 8.0 40.2

Welders and cutters ................................................. 13.15 6.2 40.0 13.58 5.7 40.0 – – –

Assemblers .............................................................. 9.68 3.7 39.7 10.46 1.8 39.5 7.87 4.7 40.0

Hand cutting and trimming ....................................... 10.92 2.1 40.0 10.92 2.1 40.0 – – –

Hand painting, coating, and decorating ................... 9.43 4.7 34.3 9.43 4.7 34.3 – – –

Miscellaneous hand working, n.e.c. ......................... 9.72 6.9 38.5 10.07 5.1 37.0 – – –

Production inspectors, checkers and examiners ..... 10.11 3.3 40.0 10.42 1.4 40.0 – – –

Production testers .................................................... 10.60 8.1 40.0 12.24 3.5 40.1 – – –

Graders and sorters, except agricultural .................. 7.75 2.1 40.0 8.10 2.8 40.1 – – –

Hand inspectors, n.e.c. ............................................ 8.68 6.1 40.0 8.68 6.1 40.0 – – –

Transportation and material moving ............................... 12.15 1.7 37.9 12.37 1.8 38.0 10.77 3.4 37.4

Supervisors, motor vehicle operators ...................... 17.20 6.6 42.2 16.93 6.6 43.0 – – –

Truck drivers ............................................................ 12.40 2.1 41.6 12.58 2.0 41.2 10.84 5.6 45.9

Driver-sales workers ................................................ 12.50 8.8 37.0 12.45 9.2 36.8 – – –

Bus drivers ............................................................... 11.37 3.8 28.0 11.83 3.8 29.6 8.70 8.3 21.2

Taxicab drivers and chauffeurs ................................ 6.70 5.3 27.0 6.82 5.4 26.4 – – –

Parking lot attendants .............................................. 6.76 1.6 33.3 6.76 1.6 33.3 – – –

Motor transportation, n.e.c. ...................................... 10.44 5.1 36.2 10.61 5.7 35.6 – – –

Ship captains and mates, except fishing boats ........ 18.98 15.5 40.0 18.98 15.5 40.0 – – –

Supervisors, material moving equipment ................. 17.48 7.6 40.4 18.59 5.4 40.5 – – –

Operating engineers ................................................ 12.37 6.0 40.0 13.56 7.0 40.0 – – –

Crane and tower operators ...................................... 16.22 4.1 40.0 16.99 3.8 40.0 – – –

Excavating and loading machine operators ............. 11.63 4.8 40.0 12.23 3.5 39.9 – – –

Grader, dozer, and scrapper operators ................... 10.38 2.8 39.9 10.68 2.0 39.8 – – –

Industrial truck and tractor equipment operators ..... 11.46 2.5 39.9 11.64 2.2 39.9 – – –

Miscellaneous material moving equipment

operators, n.e.c. ..................................................... 13.21 12.7 38.8 13.62 13.1 38.6 – – –

Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers ... 8.97 2.0 36.1 9.05 1.0 35.9 8.64 10.5 37.0

Supervisors, agriculture-related workers ................. 19.30 10.0 40.2 19.53 10.1 40.2 – – –

Groundskeepers and gardeners, except farm ......... 8.05 3.0 38.5 8.45 4.2 37.6 7.43 4.7 40.0

Supervisors, handlers, equipment cleaners, and

laborers, n.e.c. ....................................................... 13.98 2.4 40.2 13.98 2.4 40.2 – – –

Helpers, mechanics and repairers ........................... 10.14 5.3 40.0 10.16 7.4 40.0 – – –

Helpers, construction trades .................................... 9.36 3.0 38.3 9.29 3.3 37.7 – – –

Construction laborers ............................................... 8.57 1.5 39.3 8.58 1.5 39.3 – – –

Production helpers ................................................... 10.92 9.4 39.3 9.41 1.3 39.0 – – –

See footnotes at end of table.

144
Table 4-10. South Atlantic census division:1 Mean hourly earnings2 and weekly hours by metropolitan and nonmetropolitan areas3

for selected occupations, National Compensation Survey,4 1998–Continued

Occupation5

Total Metropolitan Nonmetropolitan

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

Mean hours

Relative

error6

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error6

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error6

(percent)

Blue collar –Continued

Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers

–Continued

Garbage collectors ................................................... $9.70 8.1 39.9 $9.84 8.7 39.8 – – –

Stock handlers and baggers .................................... 8.04 1.9 30.2 8.03 1.6 30.4 $8.12 8.7 28.8

Machine feeders and offbearers .............................. 9.38 4.0 39.8 9.22 3.9 39.8 – – –

Freight, stock, and material handlers, n.e.c. ............ 9.77 4.5 37.4 10.25 2.6 37.0 7.91 16.5 38.8

Garage and service station related .......................... 8.67 5.3 39.9 8.67 5.3 39.9 – – –

Vehicle washers and equipment cleaners ............... 9.06 4.2 39.1 9.22 4.3 39.0 – – –

Hand packers and packagers .................................. 8.02 2.9 37.8 8.17 2.0 37.0 7.63 9.2 40.0

Laborers, except construction, n.e.c. ....................... 8.57 2.9 37.9 8.64 2.2 37.9 8.17 16.0 38.5

Service .................................................................................... 8.84 1.3 33.9 8.94 .9 33.5 8.43 6.3 35.5

Protective service ........................................................ 12.25 2.1 38.5 12.61 2.3 38.2 11.06 2.2 39.4

Supervisors, firefighters and fire prevention ............ 18.81 5.2 49.8 18.81 5.2 49.8 – – –

Supervisors, police and detectives .......................... 20.47 3.4 40.2 21.25 2.7 40.2 – – –

Supervisors, guards ................................................. 13.28 9.6 36.4 12.64 10.3 36.0 – – –

Fire inspection and fire prevention ........................... 16.10 6.5 45.6 16.10 6.5 45.6 – – –

Firefighting ............................................................... 12.47 2.5 49.2 12.52 2.4 49.3 – – –

Police and detectives, public service ....................... 16.21 2.1 40.1 16.42 2.1 40.1 13.35 8.1 39.8

Sheriffs, bailiffs, and other law enforcement officers 12.92 3.1 39.6 13.86 3.1 39.2 10.73 7.0 40.4

Correctional institution officers ................................. 11.87 2.6 40.1 13.00 2.3 40.1 11.21 1.4 40.0

Crossing guards ....................................................... 8.53 5.5 18.5 8.70 5.3 19.5 – – –

Guards and police, except public service ................ 7.98 1.9 34.1 7.97 1.8 34.1 8.11 11.3 34.4

Protective service, n.e.c. .......................................... 12.11 7.5 33.5 12.23 7.7 33.2 – – –

Food service ................................................................ 6.50 1.5 30.7 6.45 1.5 30.6 6.69 5.4 31.5

Supervisors, food preparation and service .............. 11.02 2.9 39.2 11.18 3.0 40.1 – – –

Bartenders ............................................................... 5.20 6.2 33.1 5.19 7.8 32.5 – – –

Waiters and waitresses ............................................ 3.49 3.7 28.7 3.48 4.1 28.4 3.64 4.1 32.7

Cooks ....................................................................... 8.17 1.9 35.6 8.38 1.6 35.0 7.12 4.3 39.0

Food counter, fountain, and related ......................... 5.95 2.7 26.2 6.21 3.1 27.7 5.57 1.3 24.2

Kitchen workers, food preparation ........................... 7.40 1.6 30.1 7.32 1.4 29.4 7.75 5.1 33.3

Waiters’/Waitresses’ assistants ............................... 5.82 5.3 32.0 5.98 4.5 30.9 – – –

Food preparation, n.e.c. ........................................... 6.73 1.6 30.5 6.71 1.6 30.0 6.81 4.7 33.0

Health service .............................................................. 8.08 1.9 34.8 8.21 .7 34.6 7.59 8.6 35.9

Dental assistants ..................................................... 10.06 3.2 40.0 10.06 3.2 40.0 – – –

Health aides, except nursing ................................... 9.22 4.1 34.6 8.80 1.9 33.8 10.95 14.2 38.7

Nursing aides, orderlies and attendants .................. 7.76 1.8 34.8 8.03 .6 34.7 6.79 5.8 35.3

Cleaning and building service ...................................... 7.92 1.1 35.2 8.00 1.2 34.7 7.38 2.2 38.8

Supervisors, cleaning and building service workers 11.94 3.2 39.2 11.83 3.4 39.1 – – –

Maids and housemen .............................................. 7.03 2.5 37.3 7.21 2.7 37.3 6.19 2.0 37.1

Janitors and cleaners ............................................... 7.84 1.4 34.1 7.87 1.5 33.4 7.60 3.0 39.6

Personal service .......................................................... 9.46 3.2 29.9 9.79 3.4 29.4 7.65 5.5 32.8

Supervisors, personal service .................................. 12.23 3.8 35.0 12.23 3.8 35.0 – – –

Hairdressers and cosmetologists ............................. 9.88 5.1 30.7 9.88 5.1 30.7 – – –

Attendants, amusement, and recreation facilities .... 6.54 4.7 26.8 6.91 2.2 27.7 – – –

Guides ..................................................................... 9.02 4.3 31.7 9.14 4.1 33.0 – – –

Public transportation attendants .............................. 26.68 8.3 21.0 26.68 8.3 21.0 – – –

Baggage porters and bellhops ................................. 5.51 7.8 33.9 5.51 7.8 33.9 – – –

Welfare service aides .............................................. 8.32 5.7 30.1 8.50 5.9 29.6 – – –

Early childhood teachers’ assistants ........................ 8.70 2.6 34.4 8.83 4.0 32.7 8.51 2.9 37.1

Child care workers, n.e.c. ........................................ 7.50 2.4 28.5 7.49 2.5 28.4 – – –

Service, n.e.c. .......................................................... 7.91 2.3 31.3 7.91 2.7 30.7 7.91 4.3 34.4

1 The South Atlantic census division consists of Delaware, Maryland, District of

Columbia, Virginia, West Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina, Georgia, and Florida. 2 Earnings are the straight-time hourly wages or salaries paid to employees. They

include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard pay. Excluded are premium

pay for overtime, vacations, and holidays; nonproduction bonuses; and tips. The mean is

computed by totaling the pay of all workers and dividing by the number of workers,

weighted by hours. 3 Metropolitan areas can be a Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA) or Consolidated

Metropolitan Statistical Area (CMSA) as defined by the Office of Management and Budget,

1994. Nonmetropolitan areas are counties that do not fit the definitions above. For more

information, see appendix E.

4 In this census division, collection was conducted between February 1998 and April

1999. The average reference period was October 1998. 5 A classification system including about 480 individual occupations is used to cover all

workers in the civilian economy. For more information, see appendix B. 6 The relative standard error (RSE) is the standard error expressed as a percent of the

estimate. It can be used to calculate a "confidence interval" around a sample estimate. For

more information about RSEs, see appendix A.

NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or that data did not meet publication

criteria, and n.e.c. means "not elsewhere classified." Overall occupational groups may

include data for categories not shown separately. 

145
Table 4-11. East South Central census division:1 Mean hourly earnings2 and weekly hours by metropolitan and nonmetropolitan

areas3 for selected occupations, National Compensation Survey,4 1998

Occupation5

Total Metropolitan Nonmetropolitan

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

Mean hours

Relative

error6

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error6

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error6

(percent)

All ................................................................................................ $11.87 2.3 37.7 $13.88 2.2 36.9 $9.97 4.3 38.6

All excluding sales ............................................................... 12.16 2.3 37.8 14.01 2.3 37.2 10.25 4.5 38.5

White collar ............................................................................ 15.05 2.1 37.7 16.73 2.2 36.9 12.60 5.6 38.9

White collar excluding sales ............................................ 16.98 1.7 37.9 17.42 2.1 37.6 15.97 3.6 38.7

Professional specialty and technical ............................... 20.64 1.4 37.2 21.19 1.4 37.3 19.00 1.1 36.7

Professional specialty ...................................................... 22.46 1.6 36.9 23.18 1.6 37.1 20.52 1.1 36.4

Engineers, architects, and surveyors ........................... 24.84 3.9 40.6 26.66 1.7 40.9 – – –

Aerospace engineers ............................................... 28.00 4.7 40.0 28.00 4.7 40.0 – – –

Civil engineers ......................................................... 27.20 5.5 39.2 27.20 5.5 39.2 – – –

Electrical and electronic engineers .......................... 26.85 3.8 40.9 26.83 5.1 41.2 – – –

Industrial engineers ................................................. – – – 24.24 3.3 41.1 – – –

Mechanical engineers .............................................. 26.11 2.5 40.2 26.11 2.5 40.2 – – –

Engineers, n.e.c. ...................................................... 25.79 4.5 41.1 27.18 2.7 41.5 – – –

Mathematical and computer scientists ......................... 24.59 2.4 40.2 24.59 2.4 40.2 – – –

Computer systems analysts and scientists .............. 24.68 2.7 40.3 24.68 2.7 40.3 – – –

Operations and systems researchers and analysts 24.35 4.8 40.5 24.35 4.8 40.5 – – –

Natural scientists ......................................................... 24.30 .5 40.6 24.30 .5 40.6 – – –

Health related .............................................................. 19.24 .8 35.8 19.79 .8 35.5 17.42 3.5 36.8

Physicians ................................................................ 47.58 21.7 29.3 47.58 21.7 29.3 – – –

Registered nurses .................................................... 17.77 .9 35.8 18.03 .8 35.4 17.01 2.9 36.8

Pharmacists ............................................................. 27.65 2.7 38.5 27.97 3.4 37.9 – – –

Dietitians .................................................................. 14.50 2.7 40.7 15.05 .7 41.1 – – –

Respiratory therapists .............................................. 16.65 1.9 39.0 16.24 1.0 39.3 – – –

Physical therapists ................................................... 25.16 2.9 32.5 25.89 .4 34.2 – – –

Speech therapists .................................................... 20.26 5.0 40.0 20.26 5.0 40.0 – – –

Therapists, n.e.c. ..................................................... 15.45 5.3 38.3 15.82 4.2 38.1 – – –

Teachers, college and university ................................. 29.29 3.7 34.4 30.07 2.5 35.5 26.94 10.1 31.4

History teachers ....................................................... 31.76 3.1 34.8 34.39 3.9 27.3 – – –

Business, commerce, and marketing teachers ........ 36.10 15.4 30.1 23.86 26.4 33.8 – – –

Art, drama, and music teachers ............................... 25.52 5.8 27.1 25.20 5.9 39.5 – – –

English teachers ...................................................... 22.81 6.9 28.0 23.99 6.2 37.6 – – –

Trade and industrial teachers .................................. 26.95 6.4 34.4 – – – – – –

Teachers, post secondary, n.e.c. ............................. 24.82 1.3 34.3 24.48 .7 33.9 – – –

Teachers, except college and university ...................... 23.77 2.7 35.8 25.03 3.2 35.3 21.80 1.8 36.6

Prekindergarten and kindergarten ........................... 12.79 17.9 36.5 12.79 17.9 36.5 – – –

Elementary school teachers .................................... 23.86 1.5 38.0 25.36 1.8 37.3 22.15 1.3 38.8

Secondary school teachers ..................................... 24.40 2.7 37.4 25.23 3.0 37.0 23.02 2.6 38.0

Teachers, special education .................................... 25.54 5.4 36.6 26.87 3.9 36.4 – – –

Teachers, n.e.c. ....................................................... 24.28 2.1 36.5 24.61 2.1 36.0 – – –

Substitute teachers .................................................. 6.90 2.2 10.2 7.11 .4 9.2 – – –

Vocational and educational counselors ................... 27.49 13.1 39.0 32.06 7.2 39.4 – – –

Librarians, archivists, and curators .............................. 19.01 2.1 37.5 19.01 2.1 37.5 – – –

Librarians ................................................................. 19.54 2.2 37.0 19.54 2.2 37.0 – – –

Social scientists and urban planners ........................... 19.24 2.1 39.4 19.17 2.1 39.3 – – –

Psychologists ........................................................... 20.64 5.0 37.7 – – – – – –

Social, recreation, and religious workers ..................... 13.20 4.3 39.1 13.66 4.5 38.9 11.82 4.3 39.8

Social workers ......................................................... 13.33 4.4 39.2 13.89 4.5 38.9 11.82 4.3 39.8

Recreation workers .................................................. 10.42 2.8 38.7 10.42 2.8 38.7 – – –

Lawyers and judges ..................................................... 34.16 12.2 36.7 37.11 7.2 45.8 – – –

Lawyers ................................................................... 34.16 12.2 36.7 37.11 7.2 45.8 – – –

Writers, authors, entertainers, athletes, and

professionals, n.e.c. ................................................... 19.29 3.2 38.9 19.39 3.2 39.5 – – –

Editors and reporters ............................................... 23.10 5.4 41.4 23.10 5.4 41.4 – – –

Public relations specialists ....................................... 15.37 3.4 39.3 15.83 3.0 39.6 – – –

Professional, n.e.c. .................................................. 17.58 2.9 39.0 17.58 2.9 39.0 – – –

Technical ......................................................................... 14.47 1.5 38.0 15.13 .6 37.9 11.61 3.3 38.2

Clinical laboratory technologists and technicians .... 14.69 6.1 38.0 14.16 2.9 37.7 – – –

Health record technologists and technicians ........... 11.74 5.6 38.2 11.84 6.0 37.9 – – –

Radiological technicians .......................................... 13.32 2.6 38.6 13.55 1.5 38.5 – – –

Licensed practical nurses ........................................ 11.37 3.4 37.0 12.23 4.0 36.4 10.23 2.2 37.9

Health technologists and technicians, n.e.c. ............ 12.28 2.2 37.3 12.28 2.2 37.3 – – –

Electrical and electronic technicians ........................ 17.87 3.9 40.4 17.85 3.9 40.4 – – –

Engineering technicians, n.e.c. ................................ 16.96 1.9 39.7 17.39 .8 39.8 – – –

See footnotes at end of table.

146
Table 4-11. East South Central census division:1 Mean hourly earnings2 and weekly hours by metropolitan and nonmetropolitan

areas3 for selected occupations, National Compensation Survey,4 1998–Continued

Occupation5

Total Metropolitan Nonmetropolitan

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

Mean hours

Relative

error6

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error6

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error6

(percent)

White collar –Continued

Professional specialty and technical –Continued

Technical –Continued

Drafters .................................................................... $16.07 1.2 40.9 $16.07 1.2 40.9 – – –

Biological technicians .............................................. 15.52 4.7 40.0 15.52 4.7 40.0 – – –

Chemical technicians ............................................... 15.23 6.3 40.0 15.23 6.3 40.0 – – –

Science technicians, n.e.c. ...................................... 17.71 6.7 39.5 17.71 6.7 39.5 – – –

Computer programmers ........................................... 19.04 2.1 40.5 19.04 2.1 40.5 – – –

Legal assistants ....................................................... 15.41 2.4 40.2 15.51 2.8 40.3 – – –

Technical and related, n.e.c. .................................... 14.82 4.3 36.9 14.82 4.3 36.9 – – –

Executive, administrative, and managerial ..................... 23.63 3.9 40.5 25.20 1.0 40.3 $21.19 12.9 40.8

Executives, administrators, and managers .................. 24.62 5.0 40.7 27.63 .8 40.6 20.70 17.9 41.0

Legislators ............................................................... 30.77 39.8 9.4 17.76 16.9 12.4 – – –

Administrators and officials, public administration ... 21.66 6.0 36.9 24.32 7.3 39.6 17.19 6.7 33.2

Financial managers ................................................. 25.35 4.9 41.2 28.29 4.0 42.1 18.05 17.6 39.2

Personnel and labor relations managers ................. 21.30 6.7 39.7 21.30 6.7 39.7 – – –

Purchasing managers .............................................. 23.29 1.4 41.0 23.29 1.4 41.0 – – –

Managers, marketing, advertising, and public

relations ................................................................. 28.86 .8 41.0 28.86 .8 41.0 – – –

Administrators, education and related fields ............ 29.13 3.7 39.3 30.44 3.8 40.3 27.04 8.5 37.9

Managers, medicine and health ............................... 26.82 3.2 40.5 27.76 1.0 40.0 – – –

Managers, food servicing and lodging

establishments ....................................................... 15.70 5.2 39.9 16.84 3.5 39.9 – – –

Managers, service organizations, n.e.c. .................. – – – 18.48 2.7 39.3 – – –

Managers and administrators, n.e.c. ....................... 30.48 5.5 44.2 29.67 1.8 41.8 – – –

Management related .................................................... 21.33 2.1 39.9 20.69 .9 39.8 – – –

Accountants and auditors ........................................ 17.88 3.9 39.5 18.59 2.6 39.4 – – –

Other financial officers ............................................. 20.64 11.0 40.5 17.75 1.4 40.1 – – –

Personnel, training, and labor relations specialists .. 21.81 3.0 39.1 21.81 3.0 39.1 – – –

Buyers, wholesale and retail trade, except farm

products ................................................................. 21.89 14.3 40.0 18.15 6.3 40.0 – – –

Purchasing agents and buyers, n.e.c. ..................... 17.31 6.6 40.0 15.40 5.6 40.0 – – –

Inspectors and compliance officers, except

construction ........................................................... 16.22 3.1 39.2 16.77 2.6 39.2 – – –

Management related, n.e.c. ..................................... – – – 20.62 2.0 41.0 – – –

Sales ................................................................................... – – – 12.14 2.9 33.0 – – –

Supervisors, sales ................................................... 16.70 10.0 41.2 18.55 5.2 41.5 – – –

Advertising and related sales ................................... 13.66 17.4 39.7 17.74 12.1 39.5 – – –

Sales, other business services ................................ 20.58 7.6 36.9 20.92 8.1 36.8 – – –

Sales representatives, mining, manufacturing, and

wholesale ............................................................... 22.37 5.9 41.6 21.25 3.5 41.7 – – –

Sales workers, motor vehicles and boats ................ 15.31 5.5 47.6 15.31 5.5 47.6 – – –

Sales workers, apparel ............................................ 7.84 1.8 25.2 7.84 1.8 25.2 – – –

Sales workers, radio, tv, hi-fi, and appliances ......... 10.33 24.0 23.4 10.33 24.0 23.4 – – –

Sales workers, hardware and building supplies ....... 9.75 3.1 36.2 – – – – – –

Sales workers, parts ................................................ 11.18 1.2 38.3 11.18 1.2 38.3 – – –

Sales workers, other commodities ........................... 9.06 1.3 30.7 9.16 1.1 30.8 – – –

Sales counter clerks ................................................ 5.98 2.3 24.6 6.01 2.4 24.8 – – –

Cashiers ................................................................... – – – 6.85 2.0 28.4 – – –

Sales support, n.e.c. ................................................ 9.02 4.4 34.6 9.02 4.4 34.6 – – –

Administrative support, including clerical ...................... 10.82 1.8 37.6 10.71 2.0 36.9 11.06 3.8 39.2

Supervisors, general office ...................................... 13.63 7.4 39.9 14.01 7.3 39.9 – – –

Supervisors, financial records processing ............... 17.82 3.7 40.5 17.82 3.7 40.5 – – –

Supervisors, distribution, scheduling, and adjusting

clerks ..................................................................... 17.31 6.7 40.3 16.28 8.0 38.8 – – –

Computer operators ................................................. 14.29 4.5 39.6 13.11 4.6 39.2 – – –

Secretaries ............................................................... 10.99 3.1 38.1 11.29 3.6 37.9 9.77 1.8 39.3

Stenographers ......................................................... 11.19 6.0 39.4 11.19 6.0 39.4 – – –

Typists ..................................................................... 10.76 7.4 39.4 12.26 4.2 39.2 – – –

Interviewers ............................................................. 8.76 6.0 40.0 9.40 3.2 40.0 – – –

See footnotes at end of table.

147
Table 4-11. East South Central census division:1 Mean hourly earnings2 and weekly hours by metropolitan and nonmetropolitan

areas3 for selected occupations, National Compensation Survey,4 1998–Continued

Occupation5

Total Metropolitan Nonmetropolitan

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

Mean hours

Relative

error6

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error6

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error6

(percent)

White collar –Continued

Administrative support, including clerical –Continued

Hotel clerks .............................................................. $6.87 1.3 38.1 $6.87 1.3 38.1 – – –

Receptionists ........................................................... 8.19 2.8 37.0 8.21 2.8 36.9 – – –

Information clerks, n.e.c. .......................................... 9.85 8.2 36.9 9.85 8.2 36.9 – – –

Order clerks ............................................................. 9.00 4.2 36.9 9.00 4.2 36.9 – – –

Personnel clerks, except payroll and timekeeping ... 13.99 4.1 39.5 13.99 4.1 39.5 – – –

Library clerks ........................................................... 7.75 1.8 31.2 7.83 2.7 29.8 – – –

File clerks ................................................................. 8.23 1.1 37.4 8.16 .9 37.1 – – –

Records clerks, n.e.c. .............................................. 10.91 3.5 39.5 11.01 7.3 39.0 – – –

Bookkeepers, accounting and auditing clerks ......... – – – 11.26 1.1 39.1 – – –

Payroll and timekeeping clerks ................................ 10.16 5.2 35.7 10.69 2.4 39.8 – – –

Billing clerks ............................................................. 9.89 1.4 36.1 9.48 1.6 34.6 – – –

Telephone operators ................................................ 9.49 1.4 35.2 9.49 1.4 35.2 – – –

Mail clerks, except postal service ............................ 8.34 11.2 36.8 9.60 6.3 35.6 – – –

Dispatchers .............................................................. 11.18 3.6 38.1 11.97 1.3 39.6 – – –

Production coordinators ........................................... 13.29 3.5 40.1 13.29 3.5 40.1 – – –

Traffic, shipping and receiving clerks ....................... 13.46 11.0 31.0 – – – – – –

Stock and inventory clerks ....................................... 10.37 3.5 37.5 10.50 3.3 39.8 – – –

Meter readers .......................................................... 14.24 5.6 40.0 14.24 5.6 40.0 – – –

Material recording, scheduling, and distribution

clerks, n.e.c. ........................................................... 10.15 6.7 32.5 12.12 3.2 35.4 – – –

Insurance adjusters, examiners, and investigators .. 15.04 24.3 39.5 15.04 24.3 39.5 – – –

Investigators and adjusters, except insurance ......... 10.26 6.5 38.8 11.19 .6 38.5 – – –

Eligibility clerks, social welfare ................................. 10.28 2.9 40.0 10.28 2.9 40.0 – – –

General office clerks ................................................ 9.57 1.8 38.6 9.57 2.3 38.0 $9.57 2.8 40.0

Bank tellers .............................................................. 9.14 5.5 33.1 9.27 5.4 33.3 – – –

Data entry keyers ..................................................... 8.84 1.7 37.1 8.76 .9 37.7 – – –

Teachers’ aides ....................................................... 7.99 1.7 33.9 8.18 1.6 32.1 – – –

Administrative support, n.e.c. .................................. 9.96 6.8 38.3 10.92 1.6 37.6 – – –

Blue collar .............................................................................. 11.43 3.9 39.2 12.56 2.3 38.8 10.27 7.8 39.6

Precision production, craft, and repair ............................ 14.40 7.9 40.0 16.04 2.6 40.1 12.23 13.0 40.0

Supervisors, mechanics and repairers .................... 19.54 3.8 40.0 19.54 3.8 40.0 – – –

Automobile mechanics ............................................. 15.38 2.3 40.5 15.38 2.3 40.5 – – –

Bus, truck, and stationary engine mechanics .......... 12.85 3.3 40.1 12.99 3.5 40.1 – – –

Heavy equipment mechanics ................................... 16.13 5.5 40.0 15.08 3.2 40.0 – – –

Industrial machinery repairers ................................. 16.94 3.6 40.0 18.33 2.3 39.9 – – –

Machinery maintenance ........................................... 11.33 6.4 41.1 11.59 6.4 41.2 – – –

Electronic repairers, communications and industrial

equipment .............................................................. 14.16 5.5 40.0 14.15 5.6 40.0 – – –

Telephone line installers and repairers .................... 17.15 3.0 40.0 16.83 3.2 40.0 – – –

Telephone installers and repairers .......................... 16.50 .8 40.0 16.44 .8 40.0 – – –

Heating, air conditioning, and refrigeration

mechanics .............................................................. 12.95 2.3 39.8 12.95 2.3 39.8 – – –

Mechanical controls and valve repairers ................. 17.81 6.4 40.0 17.81 6.4 40.0 – – –

Millwrights ................................................................ – – – 14.73 9.8 40.0 – – –

Mechanics and repairers, n.e.c. ............................... 12.51 7.2 40.0 15.51 5.3 40.0 9.59 .6 40.0

Supervisors, electricians and power transmission

installers ................................................................. 21.23 2.1 40.0 21.94 1.0 40.1 – – –

Supervisors, construction trades, n.e.c. ................... 18.65 3.3 41.6 20.16 1.7 42.9 17.12 4.0 40.3

Carpenters ............................................................... 15.56 7.6 40.0 13.92 1.8 40.0 – – –

Electricians .............................................................. 15.92 3.6 40.0 16.54 2.5 40.0 – – –

Electrician apprentices ............................................. 9.92 4.4 40.0 9.92 4.4 40.0 – – –

Electrical power installers and repairers .................. 17.62 2.0 40.0 18.04 1.7 40.0 – – –

Painters, construction and maintenance .................. 14.76 10.4 40.0 14.76 10.4 40.0 – – –

Plumbers, pipefitters and steamfitters ..................... 18.69 10.5 40.0 18.69 10.5 40.0 – – –

Structural metal workers .......................................... 11.39 1.1 40.0 11.39 1.1 40.0 – – –

Construction trades, n.e.c. ....................................... 11.88 11.0 36.8 14.16 12.7 36.3 – – –

Supervisors, production ........................................... 19.95 2.4 41.1 19.95 2.4 41.1 – – –

Tool and die makers ................................................ 20.32 4.7 40.0 20.32 4.7 40.0 – – –

Machinists ................................................................ 15.08 1.4 40.0 15.08 1.4 40.0 – – –

See footnotes at end of table.

148
Table 4-11. East South Central census division:1 Mean hourly earnings2 and weekly hours by metropolitan and nonmetropolitan

areas3 for selected occupations, National Compensation Survey,4 1998–Continued

Occupation5

Total Metropolitan Nonmetropolitan

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

Mean hours

Relative

error6

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error6

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error6

(percent)

Blue collar –Continued

Precision production, craft, and repair –Continued

Sheet metal workers ................................................ $12.20 3.2 40.0 $12.20 3.2 40.0 – – –

Electrical and electronic equipment assemblers ...... – – – 7.76 2.6 39.1 – – –

Butchers and meat cutters ....................................... 9.88 4.8 40.0 9.44 3.4 40.0 – – –

Inspectors, testers, and graders .............................. 13.87 5.1 38.8 13.87 5.1 38.8 – – –

Water and sewer treatment plant operators ............ 11.75 8.0 40.0 13.40 2.0 40.0 – – –

Power plant operators .............................................. 18.32 1.9 40.0 18.32 1.9 40.0 – – –

Miscellaneous plant and system operators, n.e.c. ... 18.68 1.3 40.0 18.68 1.3 40.0 – – –

Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors ........... 11.12 5.0 39.9 12.17 4.0 39.7 $10.24 9.2 40.0

Punching and stamping press operators ................. 11.05 1.1 40.0 11.05 1.1 40.0 – – –

Grinding, abrading, buffing, and polishing machine

operators ................................................................ 17.13 7.6 40.0 17.13 7.6 40.0 – – –

Fabricating machine operators, n.e.c. ..................... 10.11 3.6 39.9 10.68 1.4 39.9 – – –

Molding and casting machine operators .................. 8.56 1.2 39.4 8.56 1.2 39.4 – – –

Printing press operators ........................................... 12.74 2.1 38.3 12.74 2.1 38.3 – – –

Winding and twisting machine operators ................. 9.69 3.8 40.0 9.69 3.8 40.0 – – –

Textile sewing machine operators ........................... 7.51 2.8 40.0 8.29 1.8 40.0 – – –

Laundering and dry cleaning machine operators ..... 6.82 2.8 37.9 6.85 3.0 38.2 – – –

Packaging and filling machine operators ................. – – – 12.76 10.2 39.7 – – –

Extruding and forming machine operators ............... 10.79 5.3 39.6 10.79 5.3 39.6 – – –

Mixing and blending machine operators .................. 15.59 6.6 40.0 15.59 6.6 40.0 – – –

Compressing and compacting machine operators .. 11.27 2.4 39.9 11.27 2.4 39.9 – – –

Painting and paint spraying machine operators ....... – – – 11.24 2.8 40.0 – – –

Furnace, kiln, and oven operators, except food ....... 11.77 7.1 40.0 14.00 3.6 40.0 – – –

Slicing and cutting machine operators ..................... – – – 12.14 3.6 39.8 – – –

Photographic process machine operators ............... 13.35 4.6 36.8 13.35 4.6 36.8 – – –

Miscellaneous machine operators, n.e.c. ................ 13.27 16.3 40.0 13.71 3.0 39.8 13.07 23.9 40.0

Welders and cutters ................................................. 12.92 2.3 39.5 12.92 2.3 39.5 – – –

Assemblers .............................................................. 11.82 11.8 39.8 12.50 9.7 39.8 – – –

Miscellaneous hand working, n.e.c. ......................... – – – 8.53 7.2 40.0 – – –

Production inspectors, checkers and examiners ..... 9.97 10.6 40.1 13.70 5.8 40.2 – – –

Production testers .................................................... 15.01 12.5 40.0 15.01 12.5 40.0 – – –

Transportation and material moving ............................... 12.68 6.1 39.9 12.24 1.7 40.7 13.56 16.4 38.3

Supervisors, motor vehicle operators ...................... 17.16 1.6 42.3 17.16 1.6 42.3 – – –

Truck drivers ............................................................ 13.16 2.0 44.4 12.18 1.1 44.0 17.22 4.3 46.2

Driver-sales workers ................................................ 12.77 2.4 39.2 12.77 2.4 39.2 – – –

Bus drivers ............................................................... 10.83 3.8 25.3 11.09 5.0 29.7 10.32 5.0 19.7

Motor transportation, n.e.c. ...................................... 9.70 6.6 39.8 9.59 7.3 39.8 – – –

Supervisors, material moving equipment ................. – – – 19.81 5.5 42.0 – – –

Operating engineers ................................................ 13.77 1.4 40.0 13.77 1.4 40.0 – – –

Crane and tower operators ...................................... 13.34 2.7 40.0 13.34 2.7 40.0 – – –

Excavating and loading machine operators ............. 14.84 6.9 40.0 14.84 6.9 40.0 – – –

Grader, dozer, and scrapper operators ................... 9.55 1.3 40.0 – – – – – –

Industrial truck and tractor equipment operators ..... 9.89 2.7 40.0 11.32 1.1 40.0 9.07 4.3 40.0

Miscellaneous material moving equipment

operators, n.e.c. ..................................................... 11.38 3.0 33.3 11.40 3.1 33.0 – – –

Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers ... 8.55 1.5 37.5 9.13 1.2 35.5 8.09 2.8 39.2

Groundskeepers and gardeners, except farm ......... – – – 8.71 5.1 39.3 – – –

Supervisors, handlers, equipment cleaners, and

laborers, n.e.c. ....................................................... 14.43 2.9 41.6 14.83 1.2 41.7 – – –

Helpers, mechanics and repairers ........................... 11.47 5.6 40.0 11.81 3.7 40.0 – – –

Helpers, construction trades .................................... 9.99 1.6 40.0 9.99 1.6 40.0 – – –

Construction laborers ............................................... 9.27 4.2 39.6 8.81 3.7 39.5 – – –

Production helpers ................................................... 8.69 10.2 40.0 8.53 7.6 40.0 – – –

Garbage collectors ................................................... 8.52 3.9 40.0 8.52 3.9 40.0 – – –

Stock handlers and baggers .................................... 7.58 3.0 33.4 7.77 2.5 30.0 7.36 5.6 38.4

Machine feeders and offbearers .............................. 10.04 6.8 39.8 9.55 4.1 39.0 – – –

Freight, stock, and material handlers, n.e.c. ............ 8.84 6.4 35.4 10.36 2.6 30.9 – – –

See footnotes at end of table.

149
Table 4-11. East South Central census division:1 Mean hourly earnings2 and weekly hours by metropolitan and nonmetropolitan

areas3 for selected occupations, National Compensation Survey,4 1998–Continued

Occupation5

Total Metropolitan Nonmetropolitan

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

Mean hours

Relative

error6

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error6

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error6

(percent)

Blue collar –Continued

Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers

–Continued

Garage and service station related .......................... $7.22 0.6 37.8 $7.22 0.6 37.8 – – –

Vehicle washers and equipment cleaners ............... 9.00 6.2 26.2 9.28 5.8 37.3 – – –

Hand packers and packagers .................................. 7.72 3.3 39.2 8.18 1.5 38.3 – – –

Laborers, except construction, n.e.c. ....................... 8.50 2.3 39.4 9.00 3.0 39.0 $7.81 2.1 40.0

Service .................................................................................... 7.63 .7 36.2 8.11 1.6 33.6 – – –

Protective service ........................................................ 10.52 1.2 40.2 11.87 1.4 40.1 – – –

Supervisors, firefighters and fire prevention ............ 15.40 7.1 52.3 17.28 .0 51.9 – – –

Supervisors, police and detectives .......................... 18.14 3.9 40.1 18.78 3.6 40.1 – – –

Supervisors, guards ................................................. 12.87 2.7 37.9 12.87 2.7 37.9 – – –

Firefighting ............................................................... 11.43 2.9 52.1 11.55 3.4 52.2 – – –

Police and detectives, public service ....................... 14.21 2.7 38.7 14.45 2.9 38.5 – – –

Sheriffs, bailiffs, and other law enforcement officers 11.45 3.4 40.0 14.04 2.2 39.4 10.54 4.1 40.2

Correctional institution officers ................................. 10.78 1.4 39.8 11.15 1.9 39.8 – – –

Guards and police, except public service ................ – – – 7.54 1.4 36.5 – – –

Protective service, n.e.c. .......................................... 9.59 2.8 35.4 9.99 1.6 36.2 – – –

Food service ................................................................ 5.79 .5 35.8 6.12 1.8 30.1 – – –

Supervisors, food preparation and service .............. 9.71 4.1 36.7 10.56 1.2 38.7 7.21 9.2 32.0

Bartenders ............................................................... 5.48 5.9 30.1 5.12 5.7 31.3 – – –

Waiters and waitresses ............................................ – – – 2.88 4.5 28.2 – – –

Cooks ....................................................................... 7.60 2.3 34.2 8.24 1.5 34.3 6.23 2.4 34.2

Food counter, fountain, and related ......................... 5.75 1.0 27.0 5.72 .6 27.0 – – –

Kitchen workers, food preparation ........................... 7.43 5.3 33.5 8.07 1.7 34.3 6.57 10.3 32.6

Waiters’/Waitresses’ assistants ............................... 5.18 6.1 23.3 5.18 7.1 24.5 – – –

Food preparation, n.e.c. ........................................... – – – 5.64 1.1 29.0 – – –

Health service .............................................................. 7.51 2.0 36.4 8.06 1.5 36.4 6.40 1.5 36.5

Health aides, except nursing ................................... 8.67 4.0 33.8 9.35 1.6 35.5 – – –

Nursing aides, orderlies and attendants .................. 7.25 2.1 37.1 7.75 1.5 36.5 6.25 2.3 38.1

Cleaning and building service ...................................... 7.95 1.8 37.8 8.22 3.4 35.7 – – –

Supervisors, cleaning and building service workers – – – 11.18 7.2 39.5 – – –

Maids and housemen .............................................. 6.34 2.9 38.2 6.63 2.5 37.5 – – –

Janitors and cleaners ............................................... 7.87 2.4 35.4 8.20 2.5 34.8 6.68 1.6 37.5

Personal service .......................................................... – – – 7.40 2.0 27.3 – – –

Supervisors, personal service .................................. – – – 8.96 .0 27.5 – – –

Attendants, amusement, and recreation facilities .... – – – 6.40 .5 21.5 – – –

Baggage porters and bellhops ................................. 7.53 2.8 32.2 7.53 2.8 32.2 – – –

Early childhood teachers’ assistants ........................ 7.49 5.5 32.5 7.89 4.7 29.0 – – –

Child care workers, n.e.c. ........................................ 6.63 5.0 31.7 7.70 .4 26.2 – – –

Service, n.e.c. .......................................................... – – – 6.90 4.2 29.9 – – –

1 The East South Central census division consists of Kentucky, Tennessee, Alabama,

and Mississippi. It also includes the Louisville, KY Metropolitan Statistical Area, which is

comprised of parts of Kentucky and Indiana. 2 Earnings are the straight-time hourly wages or salaries paid to employees. They

include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard pay. Excluded are premium

pay for overtime, vacations, and holidays; nonproduction bonuses; and tips. The mean is

computed by totaling the pay of all workers and dividing by the number of workers,

weighted by hours. 3 Metropolitan areas can be a Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA) or Consolidated

Metropolitan Statistical Area (CMSA) as defined by the Office of Management and Budget,

1994. Nonmetropolitan areas are counties that do not fit the definitions above. For more

information, see appendix E. 4 In this census division, collection was conducted between June 1998 and April 1999.

The average reference period was November 1998. 5 A classification system including about 480 individual occupations is used to cover all

workers in the civilian economy. For more information, see appendix B. 6 The relative standard error (RSE) is the standard error expressed as a percent of the

estimate. It can be used to calculate a "confidence interval" around a sample estimate. For

more information about RSEs, see appendix A.

150
Table 4-12. West South Central census division:1 Mean hourly earnings2 and weekly hours by metropolitan and nonmetropolitan

areas3 for selected occupations, National Compensation Survey,4 1998

Occupation5

Total Metropolitan Nonmetropolitan

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

Mean hours

Relative

error6

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error6

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error6

(percent)

All ................................................................................................ $14.62 1.8 37.2 $14.86 2.1 37.2 $13.08 5.6 37.1

All excluding sales ............................................................... 14.74 1.8 37.4 15.01 2.1 37.5 13.15 5.6 37.3

White collar ............................................................................ 18.12 1.4 37.7 18.25 1.5 37.7 17.07 3.9 37.1

White collar excluding sales ............................................ 18.88 1.3 38.3 19.07 1.4 38.4 17.39 3.9 37.8

Professional specialty and technical ............................... 22.11 1.2 37.7 22.50 1.4 37.8 19.73 2.3 37.3

Professional specialty ...................................................... 23.69 1.2 37.7 24.12 1.1 37.7 21.25 3.6 37.4

Engineers, architects, and surveyors ........................... 30.21 2.3 40.7 30.75 1.8 40.8 24.93 7.0 40.0

Petroleum engineers ................................................ 43.08 4.9 40.2 42.72 5.8 40.2 – – –

Chemical engineers ................................................. 34.75 4.1 40.3 34.75 4.1 40.3 – – –

Civil engineers ......................................................... 31.74 8.8 41.9 31.75 8.9 42.0 – – –

Electrical and electronic engineers .......................... 29.58 1.8 40.4 29.58 1.8 40.4 – – –

Industrial engineers ................................................. 25.10 3.4 41.6 25.55 3.6 41.9 – – –

Mechanical engineers .............................................. 27.05 3.3 41.1 27.05 3.3 41.1 – – –

Engineers, n.e.c. ...................................................... 30.62 5.0 40.7 32.12 2.5 40.8 – – –

Mathematical and computer scientists ......................... 26.69 2.2 40.2 27.19 1.9 40.3 – – –

Computer systems analysts and scientists .............. 27.01 2.4 40.2 27.62 2.1 40.2 – – –

Operations and systems researchers and analysts 26.20 4.3 41.1 26.20 4.3 41.1 – – –

Natural scientists ......................................................... 26.36 5.9 40.0 26.72 5.9 40.0 – – –

Geologists and geodesists ....................................... 37.94 9.1 40.2 38.93 9.2 40.2 – – –

Physical scientists, n.e.c. ......................................... 19.79 3.1 40.0 20.00 3.0 40.0 – – –

Biological and life scientists ..................................... 24.52 17.9 40.0 24.52 17.9 40.0 – – –

Medical scientists ..................................................... 16.27 17.7 39.7 16.27 17.7 39.7 – – –

Health related .............................................................. 20.10 1.2 36.1 20.57 1.2 36.1 16.87 4.0 36.2

Physicians ................................................................ 28.11 17.5 44.3 28.11 17.5 44.3 – – –

Registered nurses .................................................... 19.33 .9 35.9 19.76 .9 35.9 16.75 2.4 35.8

Pharmacists ............................................................. 26.10 2.1 39.0 26.10 2.1 39.0 – – –

Dietitians .................................................................. 14.91 11.2 40.0 17.40 3.8 40.0 – – –

Respiratory therapists .............................................. 16.41 3.5 33.9 16.07 3.1 33.3 – – –

Occupational therapists ........................................... 19.87 1.9 36.2 19.87 1.9 36.2 – – –

Physical therapists ................................................... 21.47 5.9 37.6 21.47 5.9 37.6 – – –

Speech therapists .................................................... 24.68 2.8 35.2 24.94 2.9 34.9 – – –

Therapists, n.e.c. ..................................................... 18.97 17.9 30.7 19.71 18.3 30.1 – – –

Teachers, college and university ................................. 31.82 3.5 33.4 32.66 3.7 33.3 25.42 4.1 34.1

Mathematical science teachers ............................... 27.87 5.6 35.9 30.06 3.3 34.1 – – –

Computer science teachers ..................................... 24.69 1.6 19.5 – – – – – –

Medical science teachers ........................................ 39.45 4.4 37.5 39.45 4.4 37.5 – – –

Health specialities teachers ..................................... 22.77 6.1 34.0 22.77 6.1 34.0 – – –

Business, commerce, and marketing teachers ........ 27.91 8.8 37.3 27.91 8.8 37.3 – – –

English teachers ...................................................... 20.73 13.8 26.2 – – – – – –

Trade and industrial teachers .................................. 21.90 9.6 35.3 20.13 15.1 32.2 – – –

Teachers, post secondary, subject not specified ..... 47.13 8.4 32.5 47.63 8.3 36.6 – – –

Teachers, post secondary, n.e.c. ............................. 27.11 1.5 32.8 27.02 1.8 31.9 – – –

Teachers, except college and university ...................... 22.88 1.3 37.2 22.87 .7 37.2 22.92 5.0 37.0

Prekindergarten and kindergarten ........................... 21.52 6.7 37.6 20.82 7.2 37.4 – – –

Elementary school teachers .................................... 23.00 1.5 38.1 23.05 .6 38.4 22.80 6.1 37.4

Secondary school teachers ..................................... 23.69 1.9 38.1 23.87 .7 38.4 23.38 5.1 37.6

Teachers, special education .................................... 23.43 1.5 37.5 22.95 1.0 37.4 – – –

Teachers, n.e.c. ....................................................... 20.66 4.5 34.8 21.44 2.7 35.6 – – –

Substitute teachers .................................................. 7.58 3.4 17.2 7.73 3.0 16.9 – – –

Vocational and educational counselors ................... 24.61 3.4 37.4 24.56 3.5 37.4 – – –

Librarians, archivists, and curators .............................. 16.31 5.5 38.9 16.99 4.0 38.9 – – –

Librarians ................................................................. 16.07 6.8 38.7 16.88 5.0 38.6 – – –

Social scientists and urban planners ........................... 20.38 3.8 38.2 20.03 3.8 38.4 – – –

Economists .............................................................. 23.52 12.7 40.2 23.52 12.7 40.2 – – –

Psychologists ........................................................... 21.67 3.8 36.3 21.07 3.8 36.5 – – –

Urban planners ........................................................ 22.86 2.0 40.0 22.86 2.0 40.0 – – –

Social, recreation, and religious workers ..................... 13.00 1.9 39.5 13.24 1.7 39.4 11.89 6.1 40.0

Social workers ......................................................... 13.06 1.7 39.4 13.23 1.5 39.3 12.22 6.5 40.0

Recreation workers .................................................. 10.30 9.8 39.2 11.00 12.8 38.7 – – –

Lawyers and judges ..................................................... 37.43 3.5 37.8 37.38 3.4 37.6 – – –

Lawyers ................................................................... 37.00 3.6 37.8 37.30 3.5 37.8 – – –

Judges ..................................................................... 43.97 9.6 36.7 39.62 13.9 34.2 – – –

See footnotes at end of table.

151
Table 4-12. West South Central census division:1 Mean hourly earnings2 and weekly hours by metropolitan and nonmetropolitan

areas3 for selected occupations, National Compensation Survey,4 1998–Continued

Occupation5

Total Metropolitan Nonmetropolitan

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

Mean hours

Relative

error6

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error6

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error6

(percent)

White collar –Continued

Professional specialty and technical –Continued

Professional specialty –Continued

Writers, authors, entertainers, athletes, and

professionals, n.e.c. ................................................... $20.60 4.7 35.8 $20.68 4.7 35.8 – – –

Technical writers ...................................................... 22.64 5.6 38.9 22.64 5.6 38.9 – – –

Designers ................................................................. 21.06 10.1 38.1 21.06 10.1 38.1 – – –

Actors and directors ................................................. 27.37 35.7 40.0 27.37 35.7 40.0 – – –

Painters, sculptors, craft artists, and artist

printmakers ............................................................ 11.08 6.1 35.7 – – – – – –

Photographers ......................................................... 9.61 9.7 39.6 9.61 9.7 39.6 – – –

Artists, performers, and related workers, n.e.c. ....... 14.99 36.3 30.2 14.99 36.3 30.2 – – –

Editors and reporters ............................................... 17.49 4.7 39.5 17.49 4.7 39.5 – – –

Public relations specialists ....................................... 25.66 12.2 33.6 25.66 12.2 33.6 – – –

Announcers .............................................................. 11.52 1.2 40.2 11.52 1.2 40.2 – – –

Athletes .................................................................... 18.13 21.1 16.2 18.13 21.1 16.2 – – –

Professional, n.e.c. .................................................. 24.87 4.8 38.7 24.87 4.8 38.7 – – –

Technical ......................................................................... 16.86 3.7 37.8 17.29 4.0 37.9 $13.96 10.9 36.9

Clinical laboratory technologists and technicians .... 13.53 3.1 37.5 13.40 3.4 37.2 – – –

Health record technologists and technicians ........... 12.11 7.4 38.5 12.16 7.5 38.4 – – –

Radiological technicians .......................................... 14.85 2.9 37.4 15.53 3.3 39.6 12.75 .9 31.9

Licensed practical nurses ........................................ 12.15 1.7 37.2 12.55 1.7 37.7 11.03 1.5 35.8

Health technologists and technicians, n.e.c. ............ 12.38 2.3 36.5 12.30 2.2 35.9 – – –

Electrical and electronic technicians ........................ 17.66 1.4 39.7 17.84 1.1 39.7 – – –

Mechanical engineering technicians ........................ 22.60 8.3 41.8 22.60 8.3 41.8 – – –

Engineering technicians, n.e.c. ................................ 16.97 3.5 40.0 17.19 3.4 40.0 – – –

Drafters .................................................................... 18.82 6.7 39.9 19.03 6.6 40.1 – – –

Surveying and mapping technicians ........................ 14.65 6.2 40.0 14.65 6.2 40.0 – – –

Biological technicians .............................................. 12.25 6.2 40.0 12.25 6.2 40.0 – – –

Chemical technicians ............................................... 19.04 5.4 40.1 19.04 5.4 40.1 – – –

Science technicians, n.e.c. ...................................... 16.01 13.8 40.0 16.01 13.8 40.0 – – –

Airplane pilots and navigators .................................. 63.43 24.7 27.9 83.57 16.1 23.7 – – –

Broadcast equipment operators ............................... 10.33 20.1 37.5 10.33 20.1 37.5 – – –

Computer programmers ........................................... 20.21 3.3 39.8 20.21 3.3 39.8 – – –

Legal assistants ....................................................... 16.97 3.2 40.4 16.97 3.2 40.4 – – –

Technical and related, n.e.c. .................................... 16.12 5.9 39.9 16.12 5.9 39.9 – – –

Executive, administrative, and managerial ..................... 26.82 1.3 40.3 27.07 1.4 40.5 24.34 6.8 38.3

Executives, administrators, and managers .................. 30.24 1.7 40.4 30.72 1.8 40.7 26.13 6.4 37.9

Legislators ............................................................... 5.22 .0 37.1 5.22 .0 37.1 – – –

Administrators and officials, public administration ... 24.47 4.3 38.3 25.10 3.5 40.4 – – –

Financial managers ................................................. 31.11 4.2 40.6 31.27 4.2 40.6 – – –

Personnel and labor relations managers ................. 32.51 4.9 39.7 32.36 5.8 40.0 – – –

Purchasing managers .............................................. 31.14 5.4 40.4 29.58 4.7 40.5 – – –

Managers, marketing, advertising, and public

relations ................................................................. 35.22 3.9 40.5 35.22 3.9 40.5 – – –

Administrators, education and related fields ............ 30.14 3.0 39.7 30.42 3.0 40.3 29.24 8.4 37.8

Managers, medicine and health ............................... 24.05 5.7 39.9 25.79 3.2 39.8 – – –

Managers, food servicing and lodging

establishments ....................................................... 17.69 16.4 41.2 17.69 16.4 41.2 – – –

Managers, properties and real estate ...................... 27.63 10.1 39.8 27.63 10.1 39.8 – – –

Managers, service organizations, n.e.c. .................. 21.89 10.0 39.7 21.89 10.0 39.7 – – –

Managers and administrators, n.e.c. ....................... 33.17 2.5 41.2 34.03 2.2 41.3 26.46 8.2 40.4

Management related .................................................... 21.36 1.8 40.1 21.47 1.9 40.2 19.72 10.3 39.5

Accountants and auditors ........................................ 20.46 1.9 40.3 20.40 1.9 40.3 – – –

Underwriters ............................................................ 20.98 7.2 40.0 20.98 7.2 40.0 – – –

Other financial officers ............................................. 25.39 5.2 41.5 25.24 5.5 41.6 – – –

Management analysts .............................................. 24.33 4.3 40.1 24.33 4.3 40.1 – – –

Personnel, training, and labor relations specialists .. 20.05 4.6 40.2 19.91 3.3 40.2 – – –

Buyers, wholesale and retail trade, except farm

products ................................................................. 26.92 21.9 40.6 26.92 21.9 40.6 – – –

Purchasing agents and buyers, n.e.c. ..................... 21.27 4.5 40.2 21.27 4.5 40.2 – – –

Construction inspectors ........................................... 15.77 8.4 40.0 17.35 4.7 40.0 – – –

See footnotes at end of table.

152
Table 4-12. West South Central census division:1 Mean hourly earnings2 and weekly hours by metropolitan and nonmetropolitan

areas3 for selected occupations, National Compensation Survey,4 1998–Continued

Occupation5

Total Metropolitan Nonmetropolitan

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

Mean hours

Relative

error6

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error6

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error6

(percent)

White collar –Continued

Executive, administrative, and managerial –Continued

Management related –Continued

Inspectors and compliance officers, except

construction ........................................................... $19.03 6.3 40.1 $18.95 2.5 40.1 – – –

Management related, n.e.c. ..................................... 21.17 3.4 39.2 21.54 3.3 39.3 – – –

Sales ................................................................................... 13.00 3.1 33.8 13.13 3.2 34.2 $8.94 4.3 26.0

Supervisors, sales ................................................... 18.45 3.8 40.9 18.62 3.9 40.9 – – –

Insurance sales ........................................................ 58.35 42.1 40.2 58.35 42.1 40.2 – – –

Real estate sales ..................................................... 23.94 18.1 40.0 24.23 18.3 40.0 – – –

Securities and financial services sales .................... 15.82 11.3 39.4 15.82 11.3 39.4 – – –

Advertising and related sales ................................... 23.54 9.4 37.4 23.54 9.4 37.4 – – –

Sales, other business services ................................ 15.54 9.5 35.9 15.54 9.5 35.9 – – –

Sales engineers ....................................................... 31.99 3.9 44.6 31.99 3.9 44.6 – – –

Sales representatives, mining, manufacturing, and

wholesale ............................................................... 19.48 9.2 41.1 19.48 9.2 41.1 – – –

Sales workers, motor vehicles and boats ................ 19.33 8.7 46.2 19.33 8.7 46.2 – – –

Sales workers, apparel ............................................ 8.34 2.6 26.5 8.34 2.6 26.5 – – –

Sales workers, shoes ............................................... 8.89 11.0 23.8 8.89 11.0 23.8 – – –

Sales workers, furniture and home furnishings ........ 14.64 18.9 33.8 14.64 18.9 33.8 – – –

Sales workers, radio, tv, hi-fi, and appliances ......... 9.57 18.4 36.5 9.57 18.4 36.5 – – –

Sales workers, hardware and building supplies ....... 9.73 6.2 35.6 9.73 6.2 35.6 – – –

Sales workers, parts ................................................ 16.83 6.4 42.0 16.83 6.4 42.0 – – –

Sales workers, other commodities ........................... 10.82 4.6 33.6 10.92 4.7 33.6 – – –

Sales counter clerks ................................................ 7.69 5.1 28.5 7.70 5.2 29.8 – – –

Cashiers ................................................................... 6.93 1.2 28.6 6.91 1.0 29.3 7.15 7.9 23.0

Demonstrators, promoters, and models, sales ........ 9.55 8.5 27.9 9.55 8.5 27.9 – – –

Sales support, n.e.c. ................................................ 11.29 5.0 38.6 11.29 5.0 38.6 – – –

Administrative support, including clerical ...................... 10.74 1.3 38.2 10.88 1.5 38.1 9.40 3.3 38.4

Supervisors, general office ...................................... 14.88 3.0 39.9 14.85 3.1 39.9 – – –

Supervisors, computer equipment operators ........... 17.63 5.4 40.0 17.63 5.4 40.0 – – –

Supervisors, financial records processing ............... 16.81 5.3 40.0 16.81 5.3 40.0 – – –

Supervisors, distribution, scheduling, and adjusting

clerks ..................................................................... 17.91 5.2 40.2 17.91 5.2 40.2 – – –

Computer operators ................................................. 12.12 4.3 38.9 12.12 4.3 38.9 – – –

Peripheral equipment operators .............................. 10.40 8.0 40.0 10.40 8.0 40.0 – – –

Secretaries ............................................................... 11.85 2.4 39.2 12.21 1.7 39.2 9.72 10.8 39.1

Stenographers ......................................................... 14.61 5.5 39.1 14.61 5.5 39.1 – – –

Typists ..................................................................... 9.98 2.3 38.1 10.02 2.3 38.0 – – –

Interviewers ............................................................. 8.67 7.1 37.2 8.81 7.6 36.7 – – –

Hotel clerks .............................................................. 7.12 4.0 36.9 7.12 4.0 36.9 – – –

Transportation ticket and reservation agents ........... 11.98 5.3 37.5 11.98 5.3 37.5 – – –

Receptionists ........................................................... 8.44 2.7 35.9 8.59 2.4 36.0 – – –

Information clerks, n.e.c. .......................................... 10.04 2.9 38.2 10.04 2.9 38.2 – – –

Correspondence clerks ............................................ 15.47 6.3 40.0 15.47 6.3 40.0 – – –

Order clerks ............................................................. 10.77 4.0 38.0 10.97 4.5 37.9 – – –

Personnel clerks, except payroll and timekeeping ... 10.42 3.8 34.0 10.42 3.8 34.0 – – –

Library clerks ........................................................... 8.74 3.5 33.1 9.20 2.9 31.8 – – –

File clerks ................................................................. 8.88 5.9 36.7 8.88 5.9 36.7 – – –

Records clerks, n.e.c. .............................................. 9.50 2.7 38.6 9.94 3.0 38.4 7.59 5.3 39.6

Bookkeepers, accounting and auditing clerks ......... 10.33 2.7 39.1 10.16 2.0 39.2 11.72 10.8 37.8

Payroll and timekeeping clerks ................................ 11.80 3.8 40.1 11.80 3.8 40.1 – – –

Billing clerks ............................................................. 10.78 5.3 40.0 10.87 5.7 40.0 – – –

Cost and rate clerks ................................................. 11.90 17.0 40.0 11.90 17.0 40.0 – – –

Billing, posting, and calculating machine operators 9.60 14.7 33.6 10.98 12.0 31.6 – – –

Duplicating machine operators ................................ 9.20 3.4 34.4 9.20 3.4 34.4 – – –

Telephone operators ................................................ 9.69 7.7 39.1 9.69 7.7 39.1 – – –

Mail clerks, except postal service ............................ 8.18 3.4 37.4 8.18 3.4 37.4 – – –

Messengers ............................................................. 8.80 8.0 37.1 8.80 8.0 37.1 – – –

Dispatchers .............................................................. 10.58 4.8 38.7 11.07 5.2 39.7 – – –

Production coordinators ........................................... 13.25 4.0 40.0 14.09 4.1 40.0 – – –

See footnotes at end of table.

153
Table 4-12. West South Central census division:1 Mean hourly earnings2 and weekly hours by metropolitan and nonmetropolitan

areas3 for selected occupations, National Compensation Survey,4 1998–Continued

Occupation5

Total Metropolitan Nonmetropolitan

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

Mean hours

Relative

error6

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error6

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error6

(percent)

White collar –Continued

Administrative support, including clerical –Continued

Traffic, shipping and receiving clerks ....................... $9.85 4.4 38.4 $10.18 3.6 38.2 – – –

Stock and inventory clerks ....................................... 9.61 2.2 39.3 9.65 2.4 39.2 – – –

Meter readers .......................................................... 10.63 6.2 39.7 10.63 6.2 39.7 – – –

Weighers, measurers, checkers, and samplers ....... 11.72 7.5 40.0 11.72 7.5 40.0 – – –

Expeditors ................................................................ 14.10 7.4 40.0 14.10 7.4 40.0 – – –

Material recording, scheduling, and distribution

clerks, n.e.c. ........................................................... 9.00 3.5 39.9 9.00 3.5 39.9 – – –

Insurance adjusters, examiners, and investigators .. 14.09 7.5 39.3 14.09 7.5 39.3 – – –

Investigators and adjusters, except insurance ......... 13.21 4.8 39.1 13.21 4.8 39.1 – – –

Eligibility clerks, social welfare ................................. 9.34 4.1 39.1 9.34 4.1 39.1 – – –

Bill and account collectors ....................................... 12.04 5.5 38.0 12.27 6.1 39.6 – – –

General office clerks ................................................ 9.97 1.9 37.0 10.02 2.0 36.8 $9.35 7.2 40.0

Bank tellers .............................................................. 8.79 5.6 31.2 8.89 5.7 31.1 – – –

Data entry keyers ..................................................... 9.23 2.1 38.5 9.24 2.1 38.4 – – –

Statistical clerks ....................................................... 9.58 10.1 39.2 9.48 3.3 39.0 – – –

Teachers’ aides ....................................................... 8.43 3.2 38.2 8.40 3.6 38.3 8.57 4.0 37.5

Administrative support, n.e.c. .................................. 10.60 2.6 37.6 10.78 2.7 37.3 9.09 5.9 40.0

Blue collar .............................................................................. 11.96 2.6 38.7 11.93 2.5 38.6 12.11 8.9 39.3

Precision production, craft, and repair ............................ 15.40 2.4 39.9 15.24 1.5 40.0 16.02 8.8 39.7

Supervisors, mechanics and repairers .................... 21.52 2.9 40.6 21.83 3.5 40.7 – – –

Automobile mechanics ............................................. 15.71 3.0 41.6 15.78 3.0 41.6 – – –

Automobile mechanic apprentices ........................... 10.87 16.9 40.0 10.87 16.9 40.0 – – –

Bus, truck, and stationary engine mechanics .......... 13.26 5.9 40.2 13.98 3.5 40.3 – – –

Aircraft engine mechanics ....................................... 20.15 12.6 40.0 17.02 5.1 40.0 – – –

Automobile body and related repairers .................... 15.03 7.3 41.3 15.03 7.3 41.3 – – –

Aircraft mechanics, except engine ........................... 18.31 5.2 40.4 18.31 5.2 40.4 – – –

Heavy equipment mechanics ................................... 14.85 1.7 40.5 14.94 1.7 40.5 – – –

Industrial machinery repairers ................................. 16.17 6.6 40.0 15.68 2.3 40.0 – – –

Machinery maintenance ........................................... 11.19 4.3 40.0 12.24 8.5 40.0 – – –

Electronic repairers, communications and industrial

equipment .............................................................. 17.01 7.8 38.3 17.01 7.8 38.3 – – –

Data processing equipment repairers ...................... 15.53 8.4 40.0 16.56 10.3 40.0 – – –

Telephone line installers and repairers .................... 15.69 2.1 40.0 15.69 2.1 40.0 – – –

Telephone installers and repairers .......................... 17.30 9.8 40.0 17.44 10.0 40.0 – – –

Heating, air conditioning, and refrigeration

mechanics .............................................................. 15.11 3.8 40.0 15.11 3.8 40.0 – – –

Office machine repairers .......................................... 16.85 9.3 40.0 16.85 9.3 40.0 – – –

Mechanics and repairers, n.e.c. ............................... 14.65 3.1 38.8 14.35 2.8 39.7 17.37 15.5 32.1

Supervisors, carpenters and related workers .......... 17.44 4.5 42.3 17.44 4.5 42.3 – – –

Supervisors, electricians and power transmission

installers ................................................................. 19.76 4.5 40.0 20.69 3.2 40.0 – – –

Supervisors, plumbers, pipefitters, and steamfitters 15.43 5.5 40.0 15.43 5.5 40.0 – – –

Supervisors, construction trades, n.e.c. ................... 14.02 6.8 40.4 14.81 5.8 40.6 – – –

Carpenters ............................................................... 13.01 4.8 39.2 13.22 4.9 39.1 – – –

Electricians .............................................................. 17.16 5.3 40.0 16.60 2.8 40.0 – – –

Electrician apprentices ............................................. 9.06 10.6 40.0 9.06 10.6 40.0 – – –

Electrical power installers and repairers .................. 19.41 8.1 40.0 22.16 1.4 40.0 – – –

Painters, construction and maintenance .................. 11.07 3.4 40.0 11.07 3.4 40.0 – – –

Plumbers, pipefitters and steamfitters ..................... 14.63 4.1 40.0 15.08 3.1 40.0 – – –

Plumber, pipefitter, and steamfitter apprentices ...... 10.77 10.3 40.0 10.77 10.3 40.0 – – –

Concrete and terrazzo finishers ............................... 11.10 3.6 40.6 10.99 4.0 40.6 – – –

Insulation workers .................................................... 11.54 6.2 33.7 11.54 6.2 33.7 – – –

Structural metal workers .......................................... 14.53 3.2 40.0 14.53 3.2 40.0 – – –

Construction trades, n.e.c. ....................................... 11.52 5.4 39.9 11.64 5.8 39.8 – – –

Supervisors, extractive ............................................ 16.45 14.0 39.1 – – – – – –

Drillers, oil well ......................................................... 16.20 1.1 41.4 16.20 1.1 41.4 – – –

Mining, n.e.c. ........................................................... 20.04 3.2 40.1 – – – 20.60 2.3 40.0

Supervisors, production ........................................... 19.73 3.1 40.3 20.23 2.9 40.3 – – –

Precision assemblers, metal .................................... 13.83 8.9 40.0 13.83 8.9 40.0 – – –

See footnotes at end of table.

154
Table 4-12. West South Central census division:1 Mean hourly earnings2 and weekly hours by metropolitan and nonmetropolitan

areas3 for selected occupations, National Compensation Survey,4 1998–Continued

Occupation5

Total Metropolitan Nonmetropolitan

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

Mean hours

Relative

error6

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error6

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error6

(percent)

Blue collar –Continued

Precision production, craft, and repair –Continued

Machinists ................................................................ $16.52 4.2 39.7 $16.52 4.2 39.7 – – –

Boilermakers ............................................................ 18.01 5.1 40.0 18.01 5.1 40.0 – – –

Sheet metal workers ................................................ 14.92 8.7 40.0 14.92 8.7 40.0 – – –

Cabinet makers and bench carpenters .................... 9.56 .6 40.0 9.56 .6 40.0 – – –

Electrical and electronic equipment assemblers ...... 9.52 2.7 40.0 9.92 2.9 40.0 – – –

Miscellaneous precision workers, n.e.c. .................. 15.81 20.7 38.6 9.15 13.4 37.0 – – –

Bakers ...................................................................... 8.08 2.6 37.6 8.35 2.2 36.5 – – –

Food batchmakers ................................................... 7.78 6.5 37.1 7.78 6.5 37.1 – – –

Inspectors, testers, and graders .............................. 15.76 4.7 41.2 15.09 3.1 41.3 – – –

Water and sewer treatment plant operators ............ 11.99 6.9 39.5 11.99 6.9 39.5 – – –

Power plant operators .............................................. 19.13 4.3 40.0 19.13 4.3 40.0 – – –

Stationary engineers ................................................ 12.67 4.6 40.0 12.67 4.6 40.0 – – –

Miscellaneous plant and system operators, n.e.c. ... 21.57 1.9 39.9 22.06 1.4 39.9 – – –

Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors ........... 10.12 3.4 39.6 10.26 3.9 39.5 $9.27 8.5 39.9

Lathe and turning machine operators ...................... 11.40 8.0 40.0 11.40 8.0 40.0 – – –

Punching and stamping press operators ................. – – – 9.14 7.5 40.0 – – –

Grinding, abrading, buffing, and polishing machine

operators ................................................................ 10.02 7.0 40.0 9.09 12.1 40.0 – – –

Numerical control machine operators ...................... 14.87 5.9 40.0 14.87 5.9 40.0 – – –

Fabricating machine operators, n.e.c. ..................... 13.44 8.1 40.0 12.24 6.1 40.0 – – –

Molding and casting machine operators .................. 12.15 9.4 40.0 10.03 7.4 40.0 – – –

Printing press operators ........................................... 12.48 6.3 39.8 12.48 6.3 39.8 – – –

Photoengravers and lithographers ........................... 15.40 6.1 39.8 15.40 6.1 39.8 – – –

Textile sewing machine operators ........................... 7.19 2.2 40.0 7.19 2.2 40.0 – – –

Pressing machine operators .................................... 7.55 9.0 39.9 7.55 9.0 39.9 – – –

Laundering and dry cleaning machine operators ..... 6.79 2.9 39.6 6.94 2.5 39.6 – – –

Packaging and filling machine operators ................. 8.19 8.6 40.0 10.29 3.3 40.0 – – –

Mixing and blending machine operators .................. 10.27 14.7 40.0 10.27 14.7 40.0 – – –

Separating, filtering, and clarifying machine

operators ................................................................ 16.39 6.1 40.2 16.39 6.1 40.2 – – –

Painting and paint spraying machine operators ....... 12.05 3.3 40.0 12.05 3.3 40.0 – – –

Furnace, kiln, and oven operators, except food ....... 10.20 17.3 40.0 10.20 17.3 40.0 – – –

Slicing and cutting machine operators ..................... 10.38 11.7 40.0 10.38 11.7 40.0 – – –

Photographic process machine operators ............... 8.85 7.3 37.4 9.11 6.8 38.3 – – –

Miscellaneous machine operators, n.e.c. ................ 10.43 3.2 39.8 10.72 3.9 39.8 9.48 6.4 40.0

Welders and cutters ................................................. 11.79 3.8 40.0 11.76 3.8 40.0 – – –

Assemblers .............................................................. 11.01 3.3 39.4 11.01 3.3 39.4 – – –

Hand cutting and trimming ....................................... 6.99 8.4 38.0 6.99 8.4 38.0 – – –

Miscellaneous hand working, n.e.c. ......................... 9.46 6.5 33.7 8.80 6.1 31.5 – – –

Production inspectors, checkers and examiners ..... 10.66 4.8 40.0 10.66 4.8 40.0 – – –

Production testers .................................................... 9.06 15.1 39.9 11.88 8.4 39.8 – – –

Transportation and material moving ............................... 12.57 2.8 39.6 12.88 3.0 39.7 9.97 1.1 38.7

Supervisors, motor vehicle operators ...................... 11.75 7.5 40.9 13.16 6.5 41.7 – – –

Truck drivers ............................................................ 12.09 3.2 42.7 12.36 3.6 42.8 9.84 .8 41.5

Driver-sales workers ................................................ 11.98 4.1 42.7 11.98 4.1 42.7 – – –

Bus drivers ............................................................... 10.97 4.4 32.6 10.99 4.7 33.4 – – –

Taxicab drivers and chauffeurs ................................ 6.57 2.7 30.8 6.57 2.7 30.8 – – –

Motor transportation, n.e.c. ...................................... 6.31 6.0 27.8 6.31 6.0 27.8 – – –

Ship captains and mates, except fishing boats ........ 15.25 4.9 48.4 15.25 4.9 48.4 – – –

Sailors and deckhands ............................................ 7.49 2.9 54.5 7.49 2.9 54.5 – – –

Supervisors, material moving equipment ................. 16.21 3.9 41.2 16.49 4.3 41.5 – – –

Operating engineers ................................................ 13.65 8.7 40.0 14.30 7.9 40.0 – – –

Crane and tower operators ...................................... 14.90 4.2 40.0 14.90 4.2 40.0 – – –

Excavating and loading machine operators ............. 9.92 3.6 39.9 9.92 3.6 39.9 – – –

Grader, dozer, and scrapper operators ................... 10.14 4.3 40.0 11.03 6.0 40.2 9.77 4.7 40.0

Industrial truck and tractor equipment operators ..... 10.35 3.6 40.4 10.35 3.6 40.4 – – –

Miscellaneous material moving equipment

operators, n.e.c. ..................................................... 14.42 12.5 39.5 14.87 12.0 39.5 – – –

See footnotes at end of table.

155
Table 4-12. West South Central census division:1 Mean hourly earnings2 and weekly hours by metropolitan and nonmetropolitan

areas3 for selected occupations, National Compensation Survey,4 1998–Continued

Occupation5

Total Metropolitan Nonmetropolitan

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

Mean hours

Relative

error6

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error6

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error6

(percent)

Blue collar –Continued

Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers ... $8.37 1.9 36.0 $8.38 2.2 35.6 $8.34 4.1 38.5

Supervisors, agriculture-related workers ................. 10.44 10.8 38.5 10.44 10.8 38.5 – – –

Groundskeepers and gardeners, except farm ......... 8.10 6.1 38.6 7.61 4.2 38.2 – – –

Animal caretakers, except farm ............................... 6.94 6.5 38.5 6.94 6.5 38.5 – – –

Supervisors, handlers, equipment cleaners, and

laborers, n.e.c. ....................................................... 13.40 2.7 38.4 13.14 3.5 37.6 – – –

Helpers, mechanics and repairers ........................... 9.08 4.1 39.2 9.33 4.1 39.0 – – –

Helpers, construction trades .................................... 8.37 4.7 39.5 8.37 4.7 39.5 – – –

Construction laborers ............................................... 7.57 2.0 39.8 7.68 1.9 39.7 – – –

Production helpers ................................................... 8.57 6.3 39.9 8.57 6.5 39.9 – – –

Garbage collectors ................................................... 8.87 7.2 37.2 8.87 7.2 37.2 – – –

Stevedores ............................................................... 14.37 15.0 40.0 14.37 15.0 40.0 – – –

Stock handlers and baggers .................................... 7.29 2.9 28.6 7.40 3.1 28.9 5.85 4.0 25.1

Machine feeders and offbearers .............................. 7.16 3.6 39.4 7.06 3.7 39.4 – – –

Freight, stock, and material handlers, n.e.c. ............ 10.00 5.6 35.1 9.49 4.7 34.7 – – –

Garage and service station related .......................... 7.74 7.6 38.5 8.06 8.0 38.3 – – –

Vehicle washers and equipment cleaners ............... 8.93 4.8 39.6 9.40 3.2 39.5 – – –

Hand packers and packagers .................................. 7.41 4.7 37.2 7.49 4.9 37.1 – – –

Laborers, except construction, n.e.c. ....................... 8.04 2.4 38.0 8.40 3.0 37.0 – – –

Service .................................................................................... 7.94 2.1 33.3 8.11 2.6 33.2 7.17 2.4 33.8

Protective service ........................................................ 11.78 2.7 38.9 12.24 2.9 39.0 9.50 4.1 38.5

Supervisors, firefighters and fire prevention ............ 17.95 6.2 49.1 17.95 6.2 49.1 – – –

Supervisors, police and detectives .......................... 16.49 6.6 40.1 17.88 2.6 40.2 – – –

Supervisors, guards ................................................. 13.08 8.8 40.1 14.00 7.9 40.1 – – –

Firefighting ............................................................... 12.79 5.7 48.2 13.31 4.5 50.9 – – –

Police and detectives, public service ....................... 15.49 3.0 40.0 16.17 2.8 40.0 11.62 8.8 40.0

Sheriffs, bailiffs, and other law enforcement officers 13.10 4.9 39.6 14.28 3.6 39.2 – – –

Correctional institution officers ................................. 10.01 4.5 40.1 10.97 .9 40.1 8.47 3.7 40.1

Crossing guards ....................................................... 6.05 2.6 17.4 6.05 2.6 17.4 – – –

Guards and police, except public service ................ 7.63 2.2 34.2 7.63 2.3 34.5 – – –

Protective service, n.e.c. .......................................... 8.07 2.7 33.9 8.07 2.7 33.9 – – –

Food service ................................................................ 6.23 2.2 31.5 6.15 2.4 31.5 6.55 3.7 31.5

Supervisors, food preparation and service .............. 11.03 4.9 42.0 11.08 4.3 40.4 – – –

Bartenders ............................................................... 5.42 4.9 29.6 5.26 5.4 31.1 – – –

Waiters and waitresses ............................................ 3.32 5.7 28.7 3.33 6.3 29.6 – – –

Cooks ....................................................................... 7.23 2.6 35.3 7.22 2.7 35.1 – – –

Food counter, fountain, and related ......................... 6.02 2.4 29.4 6.07 3.6 26.4 – – –

Kitchen workers, food preparation ........................... 6.54 2.0 33.2 6.44 2.0 31.6 6.77 3.3 37.2

Waiters’/Waitresses’ assistants ............................... 5.65 9.2 31.6 5.63 9.7 31.3 – – –

Food preparation, n.e.c. ........................................... 6.31 1.7 28.9 6.37 1.8 31.1 6.02 4.1 22.4

Health service .............................................................. 7.05 1.7 34.4 7.32 1.5 35.5 5.98 2.7 30.7

Dental assistants ..................................................... 8.37 5.2 40.0 8.37 5.2 40.0 – – –

Health aides, except nursing ................................... 8.02 1.8 36.0 8.01 1.7 35.6 – – –

Nursing aides, orderlies and attendants .................. 6.74 2.1 33.9 7.06 1.8 35.4 5.71 2.0 29.8

Cleaning and building service ...................................... 7.09 1.9 34.7 7.08 1.8 34.3 7.12 6.7 37.5

Supervisors, cleaning and building service workers 10.19 5.9 39.2 10.24 6.3 39.1 – – –

Maids and housemen .............................................. 5.84 1.3 36.3 5.90 .9 37.1 – – –

Janitors and cleaners ............................................... 7.09 2.0 34.1 7.02 1.8 33.3 7.44 6.1 38.7

See footnotes at end of table.

156
Table 4-12. West South Central census division:1 Mean hourly earnings2 and weekly hours by metropolitan and nonmetropolitan

areas3 for selected occupations, National Compensation Survey,4 1998–Continued

Occupation5

Total Metropolitan Nonmetropolitan

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

Mean hours

Relative

error6

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error6

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error6

(percent)

Service –Continued

Personal service .......................................................... $7.98 8.0 27.1 $8.20 9.3 26.2 $6.67 9.0 33.6

Supervisors, personal service .................................. 11.63 14.1 39.4 11.63 14.1 39.4 – – –

Attendants, amusement, and recreation facilities .... 6.98 2.6 31.8 6.93 2.3 32.2 – – –

Public transportation attendants .............................. 31.37 8.4 18.6 31.97 8.3 18.5 – – –

Baggage porters and bellhops ................................. 4.81 6.5 39.5 4.81 6.5 39.5 – – –

Welfare service aides .............................................. 5.46 2.4 25.0 5.43 2.2 23.4 – – –

Early childhood teachers’ assistants ........................ 7.71 3.0 29.2 7.77 2.9 28.0 – – –

Child care workers, n.e.c. ........................................ 6.64 4.4 24.3 6.71 4.6 24.6 – – –

Service, n.e.c. .......................................................... 7.01 2.0 29.0 7.01 2.0 29.0 – – –

1 The West South Central census division consists of Arkansas, Louisiana, Oklahoma,

and Texas. 2 Earnings are the straight-time hourly wages or salaries paid to employees. They

include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard pay. Excluded are premium

pay for overtime, vacations, and holidays; nonproduction bonuses; and tips. The mean is

computed by totaling the pay of all workers and dividing by the number of workers,

weighted by hours. 3 Metropolitan areas can be a Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA) or Consolidated

Metropolitan Statistical Area (CMSA) as defined by the Office of Management and Budget,

1994. Nonmetropolitan areas are counties that do not fit the definitions above. For more

information, see appendix E.

4 In this census division, collection was conducted between July 1997 and April 1999.

The average reference period was August 1998. 5 A classification system including about 480 individual occupations is used to cover all

workers in the civilian economy. For more information, see appendix B. 6 The relative standard error (RSE) is the standard error expressed as a percent of the

estimate. It can be used to calculate a "confidence interval" around a sample estimate. For

more information about RSEs, see appendix A.

NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or that data did not meet publication

criteria, and n.e.c. means "not elsewhere classified." Overall occupational groups may

include data for categories not shown separately. 

157
Table 4-13. Mountain census division:1 Mean hourly earnings2 and weekly hours by metropolitan and nonmetropolitan areas3 for

selected occupations, National Compensation Survey,4 1998

Occupation5

Total Metropolitan Nonmetropolitan

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

Mean hours

Relative

error6

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error6

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error6

(percent)

All ................................................................................................ $14.58 2.7 36.4 $14.73 3.4 36.5 $13.99 3.3 36.0

All excluding sales ............................................................... 14.78 2.6 36.7 14.86 3.2 36.8 14.43 2.7 36.2

White collar ............................................................................ 17.61 3.5 36.9 17.76 4.4 37.1 16.98 3.0 36.3

White collar excluding sales ............................................ 18.50 3.2 37.5 18.57 4.0 37.7 18.24 2.1 36.9

Professional specialty and technical ............................... 22.76 4.5 36.5 22.73 5.6 36.6 22.85 2.9 35.9

Professional specialty ...................................................... 24.66 4.0 36.6 24.67 5.1 36.6 24.63 2.5 36.5

Engineers, architects, and surveyors ........................... 27.70 2.1 40.6 29.20 2.0 40.5 22.19 1.5 40.8

Civil engineers ......................................................... 26.43 5.1 40.7 28.01 5.2 40.0 – – –

Electrical and electronic engineers .......................... 29.08 5.9 40.5 30.41 2.8 40.6 – – –

Industrial engineers ................................................. 25.06 3.7 41.5 25.06 3.7 41.5 – – –

Mechanical engineers .............................................. 23.48 4.6 40.6 24.51 4.7 41.5 – – –

Engineers, n.e.c. ...................................................... 30.28 8.0 40.2 32.86 3.6 40.2 – – –

Mathematical and computer scientists ......................... 25.62 5.2 40.5 25.81 5.6 40.5 – – –

Computer systems analysts and scientists .............. 26.69 5.8 40.5 27.00 6.3 40.5 – – –

Operations and systems researchers and analysts 19.18 9.3 40.4 19.18 9.3 40.4 – – –

Natural scientists ......................................................... 26.88 6.0 39.5 29.07 6.6 39.3 – – –

Geologists and geodesists ....................................... 31.71 11.6 40.1 35.79 4.0 40.1 – – –

Biological and life scientists ..................................... 28.57 14.1 41.0 33.01 8.0 41.4 – – –

Medical scientists ..................................................... 24.20 9.5 34.6 24.20 9.5 34.6 – – –

Health related .............................................................. 22.29 8.6 34.3 20.60 6.9 35.2 29.98 11.4 30.8

Physicians ................................................................ 46.24 7.9 36.0 42.84 9.6 34.2 – – –

Registered nurses .................................................... 20.44 4.9 34.3 19.11 3.7 35.2 26.74 6.3 30.5

Pharmacists ............................................................. 23.16 7.2 30.3 22.60 8.6 34.8 – – –

Dietitians .................................................................. 18.51 5.0 37.8 18.51 5.0 37.8 – – –

Respiratory therapists .............................................. 15.59 4.9 37.1 15.59 4.9 37.1 – – –

Physical therapists ................................................... 21.70 6.1 34.6 21.70 6.1 34.6 – – –

Speech therapists .................................................... 16.50 25.9 36.3 13.77 22.5 35.9 – – –

Teachers, college and university ................................. 32.14 10.6 35.1 32.93 11.9 35.1 25.87 12.5 35.8

Mathematical science teachers ............................... 31.87 12.9 38.6 31.87 12.9 38.6 – – –

Computer science teachers ..................................... 20.79 3.8 34.5 20.39 2.1 35.0 – – –

Health specialities teachers ..................................... 45.92 15.9 30.4 47.75 16.2 29.7 – – –

Business, commerce, and marketing teachers ........ 30.18 1.5 39.5 29.91 .5 39.6 – – –

English teachers ...................................................... 29.91 15.8 29.8 25.82 15.6 28.7 – – –

Theology teachers ................................................... 40.28 3.8 43.5 40.28 3.8 43.5 – – –

Teachers, post secondary, subject not specified ..... 21.21 4.1 38.5 – – – – – –

Teachers, post secondary, n.e.c. ............................. 35.34 2.0 35.7 35.34 2.0 35.7 – – –

Teachers, except college and university ...................... 23.49 2.6 35.8 23.92 3.7 34.8 22.84 2.0 37.3

Prekindergarten and kindergarten ........................... 20.05 15.9 35.7 17.97 27.8 33.8 – – –

Elementary school teachers .................................... 24.40 2.7 36.6 25.63 3.1 35.9 22.82 2.8 37.6

Secondary school teachers ..................................... 25.03 1.9 37.6 25.93 2.4 37.1 23.73 2.1 38.3

Teachers, special education .................................... 18.53 3.6 37.3 17.53 6.9 37.9 – – –

Teachers, n.e.c. ....................................................... 20.51 4.1 28.5 20.51 4.1 28.5 – – –

Substitute teachers .................................................. 9.70 2.1 20.4 9.81 2.2 21.2 – – –

Vocational and educational counselors ................... 25.18 9.5 36.9 25.11 13.4 35.9 – – –

Librarians, archivists, and curators .............................. 17.83 14.6 39.8 20.45 7.4 39.7 – – –

Librarians ................................................................. 17.83 14.6 39.8 20.45 7.4 39.7 – – –

Social scientists and urban planners ........................... 20.57 8.3 38.7 18.81 7.9 38.0 – – –

Economists .............................................................. 17.68 9.7 42.0 17.78 14.5 43.1 – – –

Psychologists ........................................................... 21.31 9.5 37.7 18.63 10.1 36.4 – – –

Social, recreation, and religious workers ..................... 16.07 7.0 37.5 16.07 8.5 36.9 16.05 5.3 40.0

Social workers ......................................................... 16.31 7.6 37.4 16.38 9.5 36.8 16.05 5.3 40.0

Recreation workers .................................................. 14.21 10.8 37.6 14.21 10.8 37.6 – – –

Lawyers and judges ..................................................... 38.65 9.1 42.1 35.14 7.1 42.8 – – –

Lawyers ................................................................... 35.13 7.1 43.8 35.13 7.1 43.8 – – –

Writers, authors, entertainers, athletes, and

professionals, n.e.c. ................................................... 22.97 7.9 36.6 23.29 8.2 36.5 – – –

Technical writers ...................................................... 20.99 9.7 40.0 20.99 9.7 40.0 – – –

Designers ................................................................. 20.19 12.6 40.0 20.19 12.6 40.0 – – –

Editors and reporters ............................................... 20.28 7.1 39.1 20.49 7.4 39.4 – – –

Public relations specialists ....................................... 22.46 7.7 39.5 24.36 10.6 39.1 – – –

Athletes .................................................................... 8.96 16.7 19.9 8.92 17.6 19.6 – – –

Professional, n.e.c. .................................................. 29.27 6.8 34.9 29.27 6.8 34.9 – – –

Technical ......................................................................... 16.94 5.7 36.1 17.29 7.1 36.6 15.18 2.0 33.5

See footnotes at end of table.

158
Table 4-13. Mountain census division:1 Mean hourly earnings2 and weekly hours by metropolitan and nonmetropolitan areas3 for

selected occupations, National Compensation Survey,4 1998–Continued

Occupation5

Total Metropolitan Nonmetropolitan

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

Mean hours

Relative

error6

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error6

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error6

(percent)

White collar –Continued

Professional specialty and technical –Continued

Technical –Continued

Clinical laboratory technologists and technicians .... $14.30 9.1 38.5 $14.16 8.9 38.6 – – –

Radiological technicians .......................................... 15.71 8.7 34.3 15.71 8.7 34.3 – – –

Licensed practical nurses ........................................ 12.42 3.7 32.5 12.68 4.9 32.6 $11.58 6.3 32.1

Health technologists and technicians, n.e.c. ............ 11.77 6.9 25.6 11.94 8.1 29.9 – – –

Electrical and electronic technicians ........................ 14.42 11.0 39.9 14.66 12.2 39.9 – – –

Engineering technicians, n.e.c. ................................ 18.32 4.4 38.5 19.49 2.2 38.1 – – –

Drafters .................................................................... 18.69 5.9 40.0 17.98 10.0 40.0 – – –

Surveying and mapping technicians ........................ 17.56 7.2 40.0 17.56 7.2 40.0 – – –

Biological technicians .............................................. 15.61 4.3 39.1 15.61 4.3 39.1 – – –

Chemical technicians ............................................... 16.89 4.8 40.0 16.89 4.8 40.0 – – –

Science technicians, n.e.c. ...................................... 21.35 9.6 36.8 21.35 9.6 36.8 – – –

Airplane pilots and navigators .................................. 80.88 8.2 19.7 80.88 8.9 19.7 – – –

Computer programmers ........................................... 21.43 5.6 40.9 21.43 5.6 40.9 – – –

Legal assistants ....................................................... 15.63 5.0 39.7 16.18 7.6 39.5 – – –

Technical and related, n.e.c. .................................... 18.23 4.0 40.1 17.75 5.6 40.1 – – –

Executive, administrative, and managerial ..................... 24.18 3.3 41.1 24.86 3.9 41.3 21.79 4.6 40.5

Executives, administrators, and managers .................. 26.77 3.1 41.7 28.08 3.3 41.9 23.02 4.1 41.2

Administrators and officials, public administration ... 23.27 7.4 40.9 25.66 5.0 41.7 20.65 10.7 40.0

Financial managers ................................................. 25.10 3.8 41.1 24.49 4.8 41.6 – – –

Personnel and labor relations managers ................. 33.25 4.5 39.9 33.25 4.5 39.9 – – –

Purchasing managers .............................................. 24.50 17.1 42.8 – – – – – –

Managers, marketing, advertising, and public

relations ................................................................. 26.87 6.5 42.6 26.85 6.5 42.6 – – –

Administrators, education and related fields ............ 33.58 5.9 40.2 32.95 9.1 40.3 – – –

Managers, medicine and health ............................... 22.12 19.4 39.8 28.93 9.2 39.4 – – –

Managers, food servicing and lodging

establishments ....................................................... 20.43 13.2 44.6 20.43 13.2 44.6 – – –

Managers, service organizations, n.e.c. .................. 24.29 7.9 42.7 25.62 6.3 43.1 – – –

Managers and administrators, n.e.c. ....................... 27.78 6.2 42.6 30.02 4.1 42.0 17.46 7.4 45.6

Management related .................................................... 19.02 5.0 40.0 19.32 5.5 40.4 17.20 14.6 37.9

Accountants and auditors ........................................ 15.89 12.7 41.5 16.12 15.2 41.7 – – –

Underwriters ............................................................ 21.92 7.1 40.3 23.05 13.1 40.6 – – –

Other financial officers ............................................. 22.77 6.6 40.8 23.48 6.9 40.9 – – –

Management analysts .............................................. 19.98 8.0 40.2 19.98 8.0 40.2 – – –

Personnel, training, and labor relations specialists .. 17.90 4.5 41.0 17.97 4.5 41.0 – – –

Purchasing agents and buyers, n.e.c. ..................... 22.71 6.0 39.9 22.71 6.0 39.9 – – –

Construction inspectors ........................................... 21.48 3.3 40.0 21.48 3.3 40.0 – – –

Inspectors and compliance officers, except

construction ........................................................... 18.09 6.4 35.4 19.35 6.5 40.0 – – –

Management related, n.e.c. ..................................... 20.20 5.1 39.4 19.56 5.0 39.3 – – –

Sales ................................................................................... 12.35 6.2 33.8 13.25 6.5 34.0 7.78 10.2 32.7

Supervisors, sales ................................................... 20.03 6.0 40.4 19.97 6.1 40.5 – – –

Insurance sales ........................................................ 19.30 10.1 39.3 19.30 10.1 39.3 – – –

Real estate sales ..................................................... 16.00 17.2 39.5 16.00 17.2 39.5 – – –

Securities and financial services sales .................... 18.03 8.0 39.7 18.03 8.0 39.7 – – –

Advertising and related sales ................................... 22.52 23.6 35.1 22.52 23.6 35.1 – – –

Sales, other business services ................................ 19.20 9.7 39.6 19.20 9.7 39.6 – – –

Sales representatives, mining, manufacturing, and

wholesale ............................................................... 22.53 8.1 41.9 22.88 8.5 42.0 – – –

Sales workers, motor vehicles and boats ................ 17.82 10.1 46.3 17.82 10.1 46.3 – – –

Sales workers, apparel ............................................ 6.35 7.3 24.8 6.49 8.6 24.8 – – –

Sales workers, furniture and home furnishings ........ – – – 12.82 27.8 27.2 – – –

Sales workers, hardware and building supplies ....... 15.79 34.9 37.1 15.79 34.9 37.1 – – –

Sales workers, parts ................................................ 15.37 9.2 38.1 15.37 9.2 38.1 – – –

Sales workers, other commodities ........................... 10.17 11.3 30.4 11.03 13.7 30.1 7.28 4.9 31.5

Sales counter clerks ................................................ 7.97 6.4 37.2 8.70 12.5 33.9 – – –

Cashiers ................................................................... 8.38 4.1 33.3 8.59 4.8 32.5 7.29 7.1 38.0

Sales support, n.e.c. ................................................ 12.17 18.6 36.8 12.91 19.3 36.7 – – –

See footnotes at end of table.

159
Table 4-13. Mountain census division:1 Mean hourly earnings2 and weekly hours by metropolitan and nonmetropolitan areas3 for

selected occupations, National Compensation Survey,4 1998–Continued

Occupation5

Total Metropolitan Nonmetropolitan

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

Mean hours

Relative

error6

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error6

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error6

(percent)

White collar –Continued

Administrative support, including clerical ...................... $11.13 2.4 37.3 $11.32 3.0 37.5 $10.29 1.1 36.5

Supervisors, general office ...................................... 17.30 5.4 40.4 17.66 5.7 40.5 – – –

Supervisors, financial records processing ............... 15.52 5.2 40.5 15.52 5.2 40.5 – – –

Supervisors, distribution, scheduling, and adjusting

clerks ..................................................................... 15.70 6.5 40.3 16.06 8.1 40.4 – – –

Computer operators ................................................. 14.71 6.6 39.9 15.73 3.3 39.9 – – –

Secretaries ............................................................... 11.70 3.2 39.0 12.22 3.6 39.1 9.85 9.2 38.6

Stenographers ......................................................... 12.84 4.6 36.8 12.84 4.6 36.8 – – –

Typists ..................................................................... 11.53 4.0 38.9 10.94 4.5 38.0 – – –

Interviewers ............................................................. 9.51 7.6 35.4 9.22 8.5 34.6 – – –

Hotel clerks .............................................................. 7.49 2.3 36.8 7.73 .0 40.0 – – –

Transportation ticket and reservation agents ........... 9.80 7.5 36.1 9.80 7.5 36.1 – – –

Receptionists ........................................................... 8.12 3.7 36.0 8.10 4.3 35.3 – – –

Information clerks, n.e.c. .......................................... 10.88 8.2 38.7 10.88 8.2 38.7 – – –

Correspondence clerks ............................................ 11.62 10.1 36.7 11.62 10.1 36.7 – – –

Order clerks ............................................................. 9.66 7.6 38.5 9.53 7.0 38.5 – – –

Personnel clerks, except payroll and timekeeping ... 11.01 4.1 35.6 11.01 4.1 35.6 – – –

Library clerks ........................................................... 10.41 6.5 32.3 11.26 6.7 35.9 9.49 10.1 29.1

File clerks ................................................................. 8.35 8.4 32.3 8.35 8.4 32.3 – – –

Records clerks, n.e.c. .............................................. 10.94 3.6 36.8 10.95 3.8 36.7 – – –

Bookkeepers, accounting and auditing clerks ......... 10.95 3.8 38.8 10.99 4.1 38.7 – – –

Payroll and timekeeping clerks ................................ 11.28 9.0 40.0 12.77 4.3 40.0 – – –

Billing clerks ............................................................. 9.59 5.5 39.6 10.10 6.5 39.3 – – –

Cost and rate clerks ................................................. 12.52 9.0 39.1 12.52 9.0 39.1 – – –

Billing, posting, and calculating machine operators 9.56 6.1 39.0 9.56 6.1 39.0 – – –

Office machine operators, n.e.c. .............................. 8.34 3.8 34.1 8.48 3.8 36.9 – – –

Telephone operators ................................................ 11.08 16.7 38.7 13.03 9.2 38.2 – – –

Mail clerks, except postal service ............................ 10.73 3.8 36.2 10.73 3.8 36.2 – – –

Dispatchers .............................................................. 12.03 9.8 38.5 14.78 6.5 36.7 9.97 4.8 40.0

Production coordinators ........................................... 13.41 5.1 34.1 13.45 7.4 32.0 – – –

Traffic, shipping and receiving clerks ....................... 11.43 5.7 40.0 11.38 5.9 40.0 – – –

Stock and inventory clerks ....................................... 11.27 3.5 37.7 11.58 4.2 37.8 – – –

Meter readers .......................................................... 13.37 9.7 40.0 – – – – – –

Expeditors ................................................................ 11.14 10.7 36.7 11.14 10.7 36.7 – – –

Insurance adjusters, examiners, and investigators .. 14.26 5.5 39.2 14.16 6.7 38.9 – – –

Investigators and adjusters, except insurance ......... 12.25 7.9 39.5 12.59 7.7 39.4 – – –

Eligibility clerks, social welfare ................................. 14.08 3.9 39.2 14.08 3.9 39.2 – – –

Bill and account collectors ....................................... 12.24 8.6 39.1 11.60 8.8 39.0 – – –

General office clerks ................................................ 11.11 3.0 37.3 11.11 3.9 36.6 11.11 4.0 39.0

Bank tellers .............................................................. 8.93 3.4 33.4 8.93 3.4 33.4 – – –

Data entry keyers ..................................................... 9.18 3.5 38.1 9.31 3.7 37.9 – – –

Statistical clerks ....................................................... 9.94 .9 38.6 9.52 5.4 31.4 – – –

Teachers’ aides ....................................................... 8.63 6.4 25.5 8.97 9.6 27.0 8.22 2.5 23.9

Administrative support, n.e.c. .................................. 11.01 4.5 36.9 10.98 5.2 36.8 – – –

Blue collar .............................................................................. 12.90 3.3 38.2 12.92 2.9 38.2 12.80 12.4 38.4

Precision production, craft, and repair ............................ 16.45 2.9 39.7 16.31 2.8 39.7 17.19 9.8 40.0

Supervisors, mechanics and repairers .................... 22.64 4.4 40.7 21.38 5.5 40.9 – – –

Automobile mechanics ............................................. 18.21 7.1 40.2 18.21 7.1 40.2 – – –

Automobile mechanic apprentices ........................... 11.95 4.3 38.0 11.95 4.3 38.0 – – –

Bus, truck, and stationary engine mechanics .......... 16.47 2.9 40.0 16.35 2.8 40.0 – – –

Aircraft engine mechanics ....................................... 19.19 10.7 40.0 19.19 10.7 40.0 – – –

Automobile body and related repairers .................... 20.75 14.2 40.9 20.75 14.2 40.9 – – –

Heavy equipment mechanics ................................... 18.09 1.0 39.8 18.02 1.1 39.7 – – –

Industrial machinery repairers ................................. 19.85 8.8 39.9 17.68 2.8 39.9 – – –

Machinery maintenance ........................................... 14.83 6.9 40.0 14.83 6.9 40.0 – – –

Electronic repairers, communications and industrial

equipment .............................................................. 14.57 6.9 39.6 14.79 7.3 39.4 – – –

Heating, air conditioning, and refrigeration

mechanics .............................................................. 15.88 3.1 40.0 15.88 3.1 40.0 – – –

Mechanics and repairers, n.e.c. ............................... 15.72 4.1 39.7 15.13 2.1 39.7 – – –

See footnotes at end of table.

160
Table 4-13. Mountain census division:1 Mean hourly earnings2 and weekly hours by metropolitan and nonmetropolitan areas3 for

selected occupations, National Compensation Survey,4 1998–Continued

Occupation5

Total Metropolitan Nonmetropolitan

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

Mean hours

Relative

error6

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error6

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error6

(percent)

Blue collar –Continued

Precision production, craft, and repair –Continued

Supervisors, electricians and power transmission

installers ................................................................. $23.23 11.7 42.8 $21.14 14.8 44.3 – – –

Supervisors, construction trades, n.e.c. ................... 20.59 4.5 40.0 19.14 6.4 40.0 – – –

Carpenters ............................................................... 15.16 6.1 40.0 15.64 7.2 40.0 – – –

Electricians .............................................................. 17.81 13.7 40.0 17.51 16.2 39.9 – – –

Painters, construction and maintenance .................. 11.05 9.3 40.0 11.05 9.3 40.0 – – –

Plumbers, pipefitters and steamfitters ..................... 21.24 5.2 39.9 21.24 5.2 39.9 – – –

Plumber, pipefitter, and steamfitter apprentices ...... 12.08 4.8 40.0 12.08 4.8 40.0 – – –

Construction trades, n.e.c. ....................................... 15.81 8.1 34.7 16.97 7.6 33.2 – – –

Supervisors, production ........................................... 19.64 4.5 41.1 20.50 2.6 40.6 – – –

Machinists ................................................................ 16.99 2.6 40.0 16.99 2.6 40.0 – – –

Sheet metal workers ................................................ 15.43 17.8 40.0 – – – – – –

Electrical and electronic equipment assemblers ...... 9.52 3.2 39.5 9.81 3.0 39.4 – – –

Butchers and meat cutters ....................................... 12.56 6.3 38.6 12.56 6.3 38.6 – – –

Bakers ...................................................................... 9.53 8.0 38.2 9.83 9.8 37.7 – – –

Food batchmakers ................................................... 9.29 10.3 34.9 9.29 10.3 34.9 – – –

Inspectors, testers, and graders .............................. 17.73 5.3 40.3 17.73 5.3 40.3 – – –

Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors ........... 10.47 2.6 39.4 10.72 1.7 39.5 $9.31 8.0 39.0

Grinding, abrading, buffing, and polishing machine

operators ................................................................ – – – 12.57 4.2 40.0 – – –

Numerical control machine operators ...................... 11.58 12.6 40.0 14.74 5.6 40.0 – – –

Fabricating machine operators, n.e.c. ..................... 11.52 4.5 40.0 11.52 4.5 40.0 – – –

Sawing machine operators ...................................... 8.43 13.5 40.0 – – – – – –

Printing press operators ........................................... 15.65 3.8 39.2 15.65 3.8 39.2 – – –

Laundering and dry cleaning machine operators ..... 7.05 2.9 35.2 7.18 2.7 37.9 – – –

Packaging and filling machine operators ................. 10.09 4.8 40.0 10.09 4.8 40.0 – – –

Extruding and forming machine operators ............... – – – 11.85 1.9 40.0 – – –

Mixing and blending machine operators .................. 9.54 11.8 40.0 9.48 21.0 40.0 – – –

Painting and paint spraying machine operators ....... 11.48 5.5 40.5 11.48 5.5 40.5 – – –

Miscellaneous machine operators, n.e.c. ................ 11.44 2.7 39.7 11.73 2.7 39.7 – – –

Welders and cutters ................................................. 15.34 8.2 41.0 14.29 6.6 41.4 – – –

Assemblers .............................................................. 8.89 2.3 39.4 8.91 2.5 39.4 – – –

Miscellaneous hand working, n.e.c. ......................... 9.20 8.8 40.0 9.20 8.8 40.0 – – –

Production inspectors, checkers and examiners ..... 10.69 8.0 39.2 11.64 5.8 38.9 – – –

Transportation and material moving ............................... 13.92 7.3 37.3 13.90 7.6 37.4 13.97 18.2 37.0

Supervisors, motor vehicle operators ...................... 15.33 6.2 42.2 15.33 6.2 42.2 – – –

Truck drivers ............................................................ 13.43 5.5 40.4 13.62 5.7 40.7 – – –

Driver-sales workers ................................................ 9.40 24.3 32.1 9.40 24.3 32.1 – – –

Bus drivers ............................................................... 11.12 4.1 28.5 11.08 4.6 30.2 – – –

Taxicab drivers and chauffeurs ................................ 7.49 1.4 33.1 7.48 2.5 36.1 – – –

Motor transportation, n.e.c. ...................................... 7.15 3.6 32.6 7.15 3.6 32.6 – – –

Supervisors, material moving equipment ................. 15.91 15.1 40.0 15.93 20.2 40.0 – – –

Operating engineers ................................................ 10.49 5.8 40.0 – – – – – –

Grader, dozer, and scrapper operators ................... 17.84 4.3 40.0 – – – – – –

Industrial truck and tractor equipment operators ..... 15.42 12.9 39.4 12.32 7.7 39.0 – – –

Miscellaneous material moving equipment

operators, n.e.c. ..................................................... 14.10 13.8 39.5 15.89 9.9 39.4 – – –

Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers ... 9.08 1.6 35.9 9.15 1.8 35.7 8.76 .9 37.0

Groundskeepers and gardeners, except farm ......... 9.19 4.1 36.2 9.54 6.3 34.3 – – –

Supervisors, handlers, equipment cleaners, and

laborers, n.e.c. ....................................................... 14.10 11.2 40.0 12.52 15.6 40.0 – – –

Helpers, mechanics and repairers ........................... 11.83 7.3 38.5 11.83 7.3 38.5 – – –

Helpers, construction trades .................................... 9.21 7.5 40.0 9.03 8.7 40.0 – – –

Construction laborers ............................................... 10.87 4.4 38.9 10.63 4.7 38.9 – – –

Production helpers ................................................... 8.90 2.4 39.4 9.06 3.4 39.1 – – –

Stock handlers and baggers .................................... 8.02 2.4 30.7 8.16 2.7 30.9 – – –

Machine feeders and offbearers .............................. 10.90 10.2 40.0 10.90 10.2 40.0 – – –

See footnotes at end of table.

161
Table 4-13. Mountain census division:1 Mean hourly earnings2 and weekly hours by metropolitan and nonmetropolitan areas3 for

selected occupations, National Compensation Survey,4 1998–Continued

Occupation5

Total Metropolitan Nonmetropolitan

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

Mean hours

Relative

error6

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error6

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error6

(percent)

Blue collar –Continued

Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers

–Continued

Freight, stock, and material handlers, n.e.c. ............ $9.65 4.0 38.3 $10.20 4.2 38.4 – – –

Garage and service station related .......................... 11.25 8.8 34.4 11.25 8.8 34.4 – – –

Vehicle washers and equipment cleaners ............... 7.67 11.3 35.2 7.16 10.6 34.6 – – –

Hand packers and packagers .................................. 8.53 4.3 38.8 8.52 4.7 38.7 – – –

Laborers, except construction, n.e.c. ....................... 8.98 4.9 36.7 8.96 6.0 36.2 $9.05 4.9 38.9

Service .................................................................................... 8.62 1.8 33.5 8.70 2.4 33.5 8.32 1.8 33.4

Protective service ........................................................ 13.52 8.9 38.4 13.59 11.1 38.2 13.25 3.7 39.5

Supervisors, firefighters and fire prevention ............ 22.74 5.1 50.6 22.74 5.1 50.6 – – –

Supervisors, police and detectives .......................... 21.98 6.6 41.6 23.26 7.5 42.1 – – –

Supervisors, guards ................................................. 10.10 8.9 37.2 10.10 8.9 37.2 – – –

Firefighting ............................................................... 15.04 7.0 47.6 15.70 8.0 48.6 – – –

Police and detectives, public service ....................... 20.15 5.8 39.4 22.11 4.0 39.2 14.14 2.7 40.0

Sheriffs, bailiffs, and other law enforcement officers 16.84 5.1 40.0 17.79 1.5 40.0 – – –

Correctional institution officers ................................. 12.56 5.9 40.0 12.39 3.5 40.0 – – –

Guards and police, except public service ................ 8.13 1.6 36.3 8.17 1.6 36.3 – – –

Protective service, n.e.c. .......................................... 12.19 9.1 29.1 12.67 9.9 28.9 – – –

Food service ................................................................ 6.48 2.8 31.2 6.53 3.2 31.1 6.31 2.0 31.4

Supervisors, food preparation and service .............. 11.26 7.4 37.7 11.87 5.4 38.1 – – –

Bartenders ............................................................... 6.40 4.7 32.2 6.41 5.0 32.8 – – –

Waiters and waitresses ............................................ 3.96 9.6 28.9 3.80 12.1 28.3 – – –

Cooks ....................................................................... 8.21 4.1 33.2 8.27 4.7 35.2 – – –

Food counter, fountain, and related ......................... 5.85 2.1 27.5 5.88 3.1 27.3 – – –

Kitchen workers, food preparation ........................... 7.56 2.9 29.7 7.52 2.9 26.6 – – –

Waiters’/Waitresses’ assistants ............................... 5.01 3.5 33.7 4.97 4.6 32.5 – – –

Food preparation, n.e.c. ........................................... 6.25 1.1 32.6 6.19 1.3 32.8 6.51 3.0 32.0

Health service .............................................................. 8.25 2.2 31.2 8.59 4.0 34.0 7.80 1.5 28.2

Health aides, except nursing ................................... 8.09 5.6 32.7 8.47 7.8 33.0 7.63 9.8 32.4

Nursing aides, orderlies and attendants .................. 8.26 1.8 30.7 8.56 3.0 34.4 7.87 .4 26.8

Cleaning and building service ...................................... 8.31 2.4 35.2 8.10 2.8 34.4 9.05 1.4 38.6

Supervisors, cleaning and building service workers 11.11 5.9 39.8 11.26 6.4 40.0 – – –

Maids and housemen .............................................. 7.14 2.7 31.1 7.23 2.5 30.4 – – –

Janitors and cleaners ............................................... 8.54 3.3 36.9 8.34 4.2 36.4 9.21 2.1 38.8

Personal service .......................................................... 7.65 4.5 33.2 7.92 5.5 32.5 6.34 7.2 36.9

Supervisors, personal service .................................. 12.00 9.7 38.7 12.00 9.7 38.7 – – –

Attendants, amusement, and recreation facilities .... 6.15 .9 35.5 6.20 .7 34.3 – – –

Public transportation attendants .............................. 18.12 7.8 20.5 18.12 7.8 20.5 – – –

Baggage porters and bellhops ................................. 8.34 22.5 37.8 8.34 22.5 37.8 – – –

Welfare service aides .............................................. 8.33 6.4 37.2 8.84 10.8 40.3 – – –

Early childhood teachers’ assistants ........................ 6.75 1.7 24.5 6.79 1.7 24.7 – – –

Child care workers, n.e.c. ........................................ 6.51 5.0 23.5 6.88 4.1 21.1 – – –

Service, n.e.c. .......................................................... 8.04 3.3 32.3 8.15 3.4 32.8 – – –

1 The Mountain census division consists of Montana, Idaho, Wyoming, Colorado, New

Mexico, Arizona, Utah, and Nevada. 2 Earnings are the straight-time hourly wages or salaries paid to employees. They

include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard pay. Excluded are premium

pay for overtime, vacations, and holidays; nonproduction bonuses; and tips. The mean is

computed by totaling the pay of all workers and dividing by the number of workers,

weighted by hours. 3 Metropolitan areas can be a Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA) or Consolidated

Metropolitan Statistical Area (CMSA) as defined by the Office of Management and Budget,

1994. Nonmetropolitan areas are counties that do not fit the definitions above. For more

information, see appendix E.

4 In this census division, collection was conducted between March 1998 and April

1999. The average reference period was August 1998. 5 A classification system including about 480 individual occupations is used to cover all

workers in the civilian economy. For more information, see appendix B. 6 The relative standard error (RSE) is the standard error expressed as a percent of the

estimate. It can be used to calculate a "confidence interval" around a sample estimate. For

more information about RSEs, see appendix A.

NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or that data did not meet publication

criteria, and n.e.c. means "not elsewhere classified." Overall occupational groups may

include data for categories not shown separately. 

162
Table 4-14. Pacific census division:1 Mean hourly earnings2 and weekly hours by metropolitan and nonmetropolitan areas3 for

selected occupations, National Compensation Survey,4 1998

Occupation5

Total Metropolitan Nonmetropolitan

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

Mean hours

Relative

error6

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error6

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error6

(percent)

All ................................................................................................ $17.86 1.3 36.2 $18.04 1.3 36.2 $14.96 2.8 35.6

All excluding sales ............................................................... 18.06 1.3 36.5 18.25 1.3 36.5 15.00 3.0 35.9

White collar ............................................................................ 21.63 1.2 36.3 21.77 1.3 36.3 18.76 .4 35.6

White collar excluding sales ............................................ 22.49 1.2 36.9 22.65 1.3 36.9 19.35 1.2 36.3

Professional specialty and technical ............................... 27.27 1.3 35.8 27.47 1.4 35.9 23.23 2.1 33.9

Professional specialty ...................................................... 29.17 1.4 35.5 29.41 1.5 35.6 24.71 2.0 33.4

Engineers, architects, and surveyors ........................... 31.66 1.3 40.5 31.80 1.3 40.5 24.13 4.0 39.8

Architects ................................................................. 36.32 12.3 41.4 36.50 13.0 41.7 – – –

Aerospace engineers ............................................... 32.70 4.4 40.3 32.70 4.4 40.3 – – –

Petroleum engineers ................................................ 43.47 9.0 44.2 43.47 9.0 44.2 – – –

Nuclear engineers .................................................... 34.39 1.2 40.7 34.39 1.2 40.7 – – –

Civil engineers ......................................................... 30.63 4.6 40.1 31.43 4.4 40.1 – – –

Electrical and electronic engineers .......................... 33.21 2.5 40.9 33.21 2.5 40.9 – – –

Industrial engineers ................................................. 27.26 3.2 40.4 27.26 3.2 40.4 – – –

Mechanical engineers .............................................. 29.00 3.9 40.9 29.00 3.9 40.9 – – –

Engineers, n.e.c. ...................................................... 31.40 2.2 40.2 31.44 2.2 40.2 – – –

Mathematical and computer scientists ......................... 31.11 4.4 40.2 31.15 4.4 40.2 – – –

Computer systems analysts and scientists .............. 31.62 4.6 40.3 31.64 4.7 40.3 – – –

Operations and systems researchers and analysts 26.38 5.8 40.0 26.38 5.8 40.0 – – –

Natural scientists ......................................................... 27.13 2.8 40.1 27.31 2.9 40.2 24.33 5.5 39.7

Chemists, except biochemists ................................. 27.41 5.7 40.4 27.41 5.7 40.4 – – –

Geologists and geodesists ....................................... 30.50 6.0 40.0 30.50 6.0 40.0 – – –

Physical scientists, n.e.c. ......................................... 29.35 3.2 40.0 29.35 3.2 40.0 – – –

Agricultural and food scientists ................................ 22.93 14.8 40.1 21.78 17.9 40.1 – – –

Biological and life scientists ..................................... 23.67 3.9 39.8 23.72 4.9 39.9 – – –

Forestry and conservation scientists ....................... 21.32 5.4 40.6 – – – – – –

Medical scientists ..................................................... 23.60 7.1 40.2 23.60 7.1 40.2 – – –

Health related .............................................................. 25.57 1.8 33.3 25.78 1.8 33.3 22.56 7.9 34.4

Physicians ................................................................ 38.26 12.9 38.4 37.13 13.3 38.4 – – –

Registered nurses .................................................... 24.96 1.6 32.8 25.22 1.6 32.7 21.53 2.6 33.2

Pharmacists ............................................................. 33.34 4.9 33.2 33.48 5.0 33.1 – – –

Dietitians .................................................................. 18.84 4.7 37.7 18.84 4.7 37.7 – – –

Respiratory therapists .............................................. 19.80 4.5 33.0 20.38 4.9 31.7 – – –

Occupational therapists ........................................... 26.31 8.1 30.9 26.31 8.1 30.9 – – –

Physical therapists ................................................... 24.22 3.7 33.2 24.28 4.1 32.7 – – –

Speech therapists .................................................... 26.59 10.2 33.2 26.59 10.2 33.2 – – –

Therapists, n.e.c. ..................................................... 19.14 11.3 37.1 19.14 11.3 37.1 – – –

Physicians’ assistants .............................................. 23.43 20.6 37.6 22.65 23.2 37.4 – – –

Teachers, college and university ................................. 34.52 2.6 27.4 34.81 2.7 27.1 30.60 4.9 30.7

Earth, environmental, and marine science teachers 24.31 12.1 36.4 24.31 12.1 36.4 – – –

Biological science teachers ..................................... 45.10 16.7 26.5 45.10 16.7 26.5 – – –

Chemistry teachers .................................................. 52.91 17.0 38.6 52.91 17.0 38.6 – – –

Psychology teachers ................................................ 30.19 9.0 22.7 30.19 9.0 22.7 – – –

Social science teachers, n.e.c. ................................ 33.77 7.9 36.1 36.44 4.2 35.8 – – –

Engineering teachers ............................................... 42.77 9.1 31.1 42.77 9.1 31.1 – – –

Mathematical science teachers ............................... 39.11 8.4 22.8 39.32 8.6 24.3 – – –

Computer science teachers ..................................... 32.15 11.9 33.6 31.02 17.4 31.1 – – –

Medical science teachers ........................................ 33.52 8.8 49.4 33.52 8.8 49.4 – – –

Health specialities teachers ..................................... 27.04 11.8 33.3 27.04 11.8 33.3 – – –

Business, commerce, and marketing teachers ........ 41.63 6.9 25.9 41.63 6.9 25.9 – – –

Art, drama, and music teachers ............................... 34.19 3.5 27.5 34.22 3.5 28.2 – – –

Physical education teachers .................................... 35.24 8.5 18.6 37.27 7.7 20.3 – – –

Education teachers .................................................. 34.55 20.1 32.4 42.84 33.5 26.1 – – –

English teachers ...................................................... 32.07 5.3 26.6 34.33 4.7 24.6 – – –

Foreign language teachers ...................................... 33.91 5.4 26.4 34.14 5.4 27.8 – – –

Law teachers ........................................................... 42.59 13.4 27.5 42.59 13.4 27.5 – – –

Trade and industrial teachers .................................. 31.04 11.0 24.0 31.04 11.0 24.0 – – –

Teachers, post secondary, subject not specified ..... 31.91 8.6 22.3 33.80 10.3 19.5 – – –

Teachers, post secondary, n.e.c. ............................. 33.13 3.8 23.4 32.72 3.9 23.0 – – –

Teachers, except college and university ...................... 29.65 1.8 32.8 29.91 1.9 32.8 26.41 1.5 33.4

Prekindergarten and kindergarten ........................... 18.25 13.7 33.0 18.12 14.1 33.8 – – –

Elementary school teachers .................................... 31.72 1.9 34.8 31.96 2.0 34.6 27.68 1.3 38.3

Secondary school teachers ..................................... 31.30 2.2 35.8 31.63 2.3 35.7 26.81 1.3 37.7

See footnotes at end of table.

163
Table 4-14. Pacific census division:1 Mean hourly earnings2 and weekly hours by metropolitan and nonmetropolitan areas3 for

selected occupations, National Compensation Survey,4 1998–Continued

Occupation5

Total Metropolitan Nonmetropolitan

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

Mean hours

Relative

error6

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error6

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error6

(percent)

White collar –Continued

Professional specialty and technical –Continued

Professional specialty –Continued

Teachers, except college and university –Continued

Teachers, special education .................................... $30.44 2.8 35.7 $30.57 2.9 35.7 – – –

Teachers, n.e.c. ....................................................... 27.32 5.4 26.1 27.46 7.0 24.9 $26.88 4.1 30.6

Substitute teachers .................................................. 15.21 4.8 12.9 15.22 4.9 13.4 – – –

Vocational and educational counselors ................... 26.33 9.7 36.5 27.06 9.9 36.4 – – –

Librarians, archivists, and curators .............................. 25.83 4.1 37.5 25.55 4.1 37.4 – – –

Librarians ................................................................. 25.98 4.3 36.6 25.65 4.2 36.5 – – –

Archivists and curators ............................................ 25.12 12.0 42.1 25.12 12.0 42.1 – – –

Social scientists and urban planners ........................... 25.90 5.6 36.2 25.91 5.6 36.1 – – –

Economists .............................................................. 29.66 5.0 41.3 29.66 5.0 41.3 – – –

Psychologists ........................................................... 23.59 9.1 32.8 23.61 9.1 32.8 – – –

Urban planners ........................................................ 25.18 3.3 40.0 25.18 3.3 40.0 – – –

Social, recreation, and religious workers ..................... 18.59 4.2 37.8 18.62 4.5 38.5 18.21 5.3 30.6

Social workers ......................................................... 19.55 4.2 38.1 19.53 4.4 38.2 19.77 4.2 37.5

Recreation workers .................................................. 14.41 8.0 31.9 14.92 8.0 36.0 – – –

Lawyers and judges ..................................................... 38.23 5.5 40.9 39.03 5.6 41.1 – – –

Lawyers ................................................................... 38.25 5.9 41.1 38.88 5.8 41.1 – – –

Judges ..................................................................... 37.99 10.4 38.9 – – – – – –

Writers, authors, entertainers, athletes, and

professionals, n.e.c. ................................................... 31.57 14.7 34.4 32.11 14.8 35.2 – – –

Technical writers ...................................................... 32.14 20.5 39.7 32.14 20.5 39.7 – – –

Designers ................................................................. 25.45 10.6 41.5 25.46 10.6 41.5 – – –

Musicians and composers ....................................... 19.25 13.1 15.9 19.25 13.1 15.9 – – –

Actors and directors ................................................. 57.29 25.0 33.3 57.29 25.0 33.3 – – –

Painters, sculptors, craft artists, and artist

printmakers ............................................................ 32.02 26.3 41.7 32.02 26.3 41.7 – – –

Photographers ......................................................... 27.87 19.2 41.3 27.87 19.2 41.3 – – –

Editors and reporters ............................................... 27.78 15.5 40.1 28.18 16.2 40.3 – – –

Public relations specialists ....................................... 21.48 6.9 34.3 21.47 7.3 34.0 – – –

Professional, n.e.c. .................................................. 25.39 5.3 39.7 25.39 5.3 39.7 – – –

Technical ......................................................................... 20.26 2.4 37.2 20.44 2.5 37.2 15.44 .8 37.0

Clinical laboratory technologists and technicians .... 18.85 3.5 37.9 18.83 3.6 38.1 – – –

Health record technologists and technicians ........... 13.12 8.5 34.2 13.12 8.5 34.2 – – –

Radiological technicians .......................................... 20.51 3.8 30.8 20.50 3.8 30.9 – – –

Licensed practical nurses ........................................ 15.45 3.2 35.0 15.55 3.2 35.0 11.83 3.4 33.9

Health technologists and technicians, n.e.c. ............ 15.84 3.9 36.7 15.77 4.0 36.7 – – –

Electrical and electronic technicians ........................ 20.21 2.9 39.6 20.18 2.9 39.6 – – –

Mechanical engineering technicians ........................ 19.68 4.1 39.9 19.68 4.1 39.9 – – –

Engineering technicians, n.e.c. ................................ 19.97 4.4 39.0 20.27 4.8 39.0 – – –

Drafters .................................................................... 23.87 8.6 39.8 23.87 8.6 39.8 – – –

Surveying and mapping technicians ........................ 23.24 9.4 39.9 23.24 9.4 39.9 – – –

Biological technicians .............................................. 13.69 8.8 34.0 14.22 10.7 32.6 – – –

Chemical technicians ............................................... 19.48 10.6 40.5 19.48 10.6 40.5 – – –

Science technicians, n.e.c. ...................................... 20.74 3.0 39.3 20.86 3.0 39.3 – – –

Airplane pilots and navigators .................................. 71.71 18.2 24.5 71.71 18.2 24.5 – – –

Broadcast equipment operators ............................... 17.05 10.0 38.1 17.03 10.3 38.0 – – –

Computer programmers ........................................... 26.20 6.7 39.2 26.39 6.7 39.2 – – –

Legal assistants ....................................................... 16.88 7.9 39.4 16.83 8.1 39.4 – – –

Technical and related, n.e.c. .................................... 19.06 4.4 38.7 19.45 4.2 38.9 – – –

Executive, administrative, and managerial ..................... 30.12 2.0 40.2 30.32 2.0 40.2 24.99 2.5 41.5

Executives, administrators, and managers .................. 35.07 2.6 40.5 35.50 2.7 40.4 25.76 2.8 42.8

Legislators ............................................................... 24.71 28.5 10.0 24.71 28.5 10.0 – – –

Chief executives and general administrators, public

administration ........................................................ 46.65 6.4 38.9 – – – – – –

Administrators and officials, public administration ... 29.25 4.9 39.9 29.92 5.3 39.9 – – –

Financial managers ................................................. 33.82 4.1 39.6 33.78 4.2 39.6 – – –

Personnel and labor relations managers ................. 32.95 5.1 40.0 33.87 4.7 40.2 – – –

Purchasing managers .............................................. 30.57 5.0 40.3 30.50 5.1 40.3 – – –

See footnotes at end of table.

164
Table 4-14. Pacific census division:1 Mean hourly earnings2 and weekly hours by metropolitan and nonmetropolitan areas3 for

selected occupations, National Compensation Survey,4 1998–Continued

Occupation5

Total Metropolitan Nonmetropolitan

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

Mean hours

Relative

error6

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error6

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error6

(percent)

White collar –Continued

Executive, administrative, and managerial –Continued

Executives, administrators, and managers

–Continued

Managers, marketing, advertising, and public

relations ................................................................. $37.45 4.6 41.1 $37.45 4.6 41.1 – – –

Administrators, education and related fields ............ 35.50 3.3 39.6 35.98 3.5 39.5 – – –

Managers, medicine and health ............................... 31.66 4.4 40.0 31.90 4.5 40.0 – – –

Managers, food servicing and lodging

establishments ....................................................... 18.32 7.4 45.0 19.07 8.9 43.5 – – –

Managers, properties and real estate ...................... 22.61 26.8 40.9 22.61 26.8 40.9 – – –

Managers, service organizations, n.e.c. .................. 24.82 7.5 39.3 24.78 7.6 39.3 – – –

Managers and administrators, n.e.c. ....................... 38.95 4.5 41.0 39.26 4.5 41.0 $27.81 6.2 43.9

Management related .................................................... 23.00 1.5 39.9 22.99 1.6 39.9 23.44 3.5 39.3

Accountants and auditors ........................................ 22.20 1.8 39.8 22.21 1.8 39.8 – – –

Underwriters ............................................................ 25.82 12.8 38.6 25.82 12.8 38.6 – – –

Other financial officers ............................................. 24.52 4.8 40.9 24.62 4.8 40.9 – – –

Management analysts .............................................. 25.89 3.7 40.3 26.26 3.8 40.4 – – –

Personnel, training, and labor relations specialists .. 23.99 7.7 39.8 23.90 8.0 39.8 – – –

Buyers, wholesale and retail trade, except farm

products ................................................................. 21.49 7.4 40.2 22.26 6.8 39.8 – – –

Purchasing agents and buyers, n.e.c. ..................... 22.42 2.8 40.6 22.52 2.9 40.7 – – –

Construction inspectors ........................................... 24.36 3.2 39.9 24.37 3.2 39.9 – – –

Inspectors and compliance officers, except

construction ........................................................... 21.74 5.5 39.9 21.70 5.7 39.9 – – –

Management related, n.e.c. ..................................... 22.35 2.3 39.5 22.13 2.3 39.5 – – –

Sales ................................................................................... 15.11 4.5 32.5 15.15 4.7 32.6 14.32 7.9 31.3

Supervisors, sales ................................................... 22.51 9.5 40.1 22.11 10.2 40.1 – – –

Insurance sales ........................................................ 18.70 21.7 39.6 18.85 22.3 39.6 – – –

Real estate sales ..................................................... 53.90 10.3 41.8 – – – – – –

Advertising and related sales ................................... 21.54 10.5 35.8 21.54 10.5 35.8 – – –

Sales, other business services ................................ 20.01 19.9 35.9 20.11 20.1 35.9 – – –

Sales engineers ....................................................... 26.60 9.7 40.8 26.60 9.7 40.8 – – –

Sales representatives, mining, manufacturing, and

wholesale ............................................................... 26.12 5.9 40.0 26.30 5.9 39.9 – – –

Sales workers, motor vehicles and boats ................ 20.08 5.2 42.3 19.85 5.4 42.4 – – –

Sales workers, apparel ............................................ 8.62 6.7 25.3 8.62 6.7 25.3 – – –

Sales workers, shoes ............................................... 10.64 8.0 27.7 10.64 8.0 27.7 – – –

Sales workers, furniture and home furnishings ........ 9.02 6.5 25.4 9.02 6.5 25.4 – – –

Sales workers, radio, tv, hi-fi, and appliances ......... 10.34 9.2 38.7 10.34 9.2 38.7 – – –

Sales workers, parts ................................................ 15.11 6.8 37.5 15.18 6.8 37.5 – – –

Sales workers, other commodities ........................... 10.75 5.2 30.7 10.79 5.4 30.8 – – –

Sales counter clerks ................................................ 8.48 15.3 28.3 7.72 13.6 26.9 – – –

Cashiers ................................................................... 10.26 2.8 30.6 10.13 3.1 30.6 11.50 3.6 30.9

Street and door-to-door sales workers .................... 10.85 6.7 35.2 10.85 6.7 35.2 – – –

Demonstrators, promoters, and models, sales ........ 7.38 5.4 15.7 7.38 5.4 15.7 – – –

Sales support, n.e.c. ................................................ 14.22 8.0 33.3 14.88 7.5 35.0 – – –

Administrative support, including clerical ...................... 13.23 .9 36.3 13.23 1.0 36.3 13.22 3.5 36.9

Supervisors, general office ...................................... 17.63 3.1 40.0 17.18 2.8 40.0 22.24 4.7 40.0

Supervisors, financial records processing ............... 19.64 4.6 39.4 20.02 4.3 39.8 – – –

Supervisors, distribution, scheduling, and adjusting

clerks ..................................................................... 19.96 5.4 40.2 18.62 6.0 40.4 – – –

Computer operators ................................................. 17.20 3.8 39.5 17.25 3.8 39.5 – – –

Secretaries ............................................................... 15.10 1.4 38.4 15.21 1.4 38.5 13.46 2.8 37.0

Stenographers ......................................................... 15.98 8.7 34.5 16.05 9.0 34.4 – – –

Typists ..................................................................... 13.05 2.9 38.6 13.08 3.0 38.8 – – –

Interviewers ............................................................. 11.60 4.0 35.0 11.88 3.8 34.6 – – –

Hotel clerks .............................................................. 10.06 7.9 37.9 10.01 9.3 37.5 – – –

Transportation ticket and reservation agents ........... 13.18 6.1 36.6 13.19 6.5 36.5 – – –

Receptionists ........................................................... 9.96 1.7 36.1 9.96 1.8 36.1 – – –

Information clerks, n.e.c. .......................................... 11.62 2.6 34.7 11.56 2.6 34.6 – – –

See footnotes at end of table.

165
Table 4-14. Pacific census division:1 Mean hourly earnings2 and weekly hours by metropolitan and nonmetropolitan areas3 for

selected occupations, National Compensation Survey,4 1998–Continued

Occupation5

Total Metropolitan Nonmetropolitan

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

Mean hours

Relative

error6

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error6

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error6

(percent)

White collar –Continued

Administrative support, including clerical –Continued

Order clerks ............................................................. $12.45 2.9 36.8 $12.43 2.9 36.8 – – –

Personnel clerks, except payroll and timekeeping ... 13.89 3.8 39.4 13.92 3.8 39.4 – – –

Library clerks ........................................................... 12.27 3.2 30.5 12.42 3.3 30.0 – – –

File clerks ................................................................. 9.39 4.2 35.1 9.50 4.3 35.6 – – –

Records clerks, n.e.c. .............................................. 12.57 3.2 38.0 12.72 3.5 37.8 $11.01 4.2 40.0

Bookkeepers, accounting and auditing clerks ......... 13.40 1.4 39.1 13.52 1.5 39.1 11.58 3.6 39.7

Payroll and timekeeping clerks ................................ 13.96 4.1 39.4 14.02 4.2 39.4 – – –

Billing clerks ............................................................. 12.23 3.4 39.4 12.44 3.6 39.2 – – –

Billing, posting, and calculating machine operators 11.61 14.7 31.0 11.61 14.7 31.0 – – –

Office machine operators, n.e.c. .............................. 10.74 15.6 38.3 10.74 15.6 38.3 – – –

Telephone operators ................................................ 10.27 4.9 38.0 10.27 4.9 38.0 – – –

Mail clerks, except postal service ............................ 8.99 8.1 37.6 9.28 8.1 38.0 – – –

Messengers ............................................................. 10.73 8.7 37.5 10.80 8.8 37.7 – – –

Dispatchers .............................................................. 15.87 5.3 38.2 15.87 5.3 38.2 – – –

Production coordinators ........................................... 16.34 5.0 39.9 16.34 5.0 39.9 – – –

Traffic, shipping and receiving clerks ....................... 11.51 4.1 38.5 11.51 4.2 38.5 – – –

Stock and inventory clerks ....................................... 12.20 3.8 35.3 12.11 4.0 35.0 – – –

Meter readers .......................................................... 17.20 4.0 38.9 17.20 4.0 38.9 – – –

Weighers, measurers, checkers, and samplers ....... 11.22 9.3 30.2 – – – – – –

Expeditors ................................................................ 14.23 10.0 39.9 14.25 10.0 39.9 – – –

Material recording, scheduling, and distribution

clerks, n.e.c. ........................................................... 13.58 5.2 36.7 13.68 5.3 36.8 – – –

Insurance adjusters, examiners, and investigators .. 15.37 5.6 38.7 15.45 5.6 38.7 – – –

Investigators and adjusters, except insurance ......... 13.91 5.5 38.7 13.89 5.6 38.7 – – –

Eligibility clerks, social welfare ................................. 13.96 4.1 39.5 14.02 4.4 39.5 – – –

Bill and account collectors ....................................... 12.44 5.1 38.2 12.31 5.3 38.3 – – –

General office clerks ................................................ 12.24 1.5 35.5 12.23 1.6 35.6 12.39 2.2 32.9

Bank tellers .............................................................. 9.16 1.8 22.6 9.17 1.9 22.4 – – –

Proofreaders ............................................................ 17.25 8.0 39.9 17.25 8.0 39.9 – – –

Data entry keyers ..................................................... 12.14 2.8 37.3 12.14 2.9 37.3 – – –

Statistical clerks ....................................................... 14.16 8.9 34.7 14.16 8.9 34.7 – – –

Teachers’ aides ....................................................... 11.04 3.0 23.9 11.21 3.0 23.5 – – –

Administrative support, n.e.c. .................................. 13.79 2.1 36.9 13.82 2.2 36.9 13.04 8.1 36.3

Blue collar .............................................................................. 13.78 1.9 38.3 13.87 1.9 38.4 12.70 7.8 37.7

Precision production, craft, and repair ............................ 18.26 2.2 39.6 18.37 2.3 39.6 16.48 2.5 39.7

Supervisors, mechanics and repairers .................... 23.77 2.9 40.2 23.77 3.1 40.3 – – –

Automobile mechanics ............................................. 18.04 3.9 39.9 18.03 4.0 39.9 – – –

Automobile mechanic apprentices ........................... 10.24 12.6 39.6 10.24 12.6 39.6 – – –

Bus, truck, and stationary engine mechanics .......... 17.98 3.0 40.0 18.20 3.0 40.0 – – –

Aircraft engine mechanics ....................................... 20.89 6.7 39.8 20.89 6.7 39.8 – – –

Automobile body and related repairers .................... 16.44 17.7 40.0 16.53 21.1 40.0 – – –

Aircraft mechanics, except engine ........................... 21.30 1.6 40.0 21.32 1.7 40.0 – – –

Heavy equipment mechanics ................................... 21.04 6.1 40.0 21.04 6.1 40.0 – – –

Industrial machinery repairers ................................. 18.58 2.6 39.3 18.74 2.6 39.3 – – –

Machinery maintenance ........................................... 14.25 7.5 39.0 13.75 7.5 39.2 – – –

Electronic repairers, communications and industrial

equipment .............................................................. 18.21 4.4 39.9 18.77 3.4 39.9 – – –

Household appliance and power tool repairers ....... 19.06 11.5 37.5 19.04 11.8 37.3 – – –

Heating, air conditioning, and refrigeration

mechanics .............................................................. 21.98 14.1 37.0 21.93 14.5 37.0 – – –

Mechanical controls and valve repairers ................. 21.13 4.9 40.0 21.13 4.9 40.0 – – –

Millwrights ................................................................ 17.86 2.8 39.6 17.86 2.8 39.6 – – –

Mechanics and repairers, n.e.c. ............................... 16.98 3.0 39.4 16.96 3.2 39.4 17.20 4.0 39.6

Supervisors, electricians and power transmission

installers ................................................................. 29.77 7.3 39.2 29.77 7.3 39.2 – – –

Supervisors, plumbers, pipefitters, and steamfitters 26.85 5.7 40.0 26.85 5.7 40.0 – – –

Supervisors, construction trades, n.e.c. ................... 25.05 6.3 39.6 25.69 6.8 39.5 – – –

Brickmasons and stonemasons ............................... 19.60 12.9 40.0 19.60 12.9 40.0 – – –

Carpenters ............................................................... 19.65 3.5 39.3 19.78 3.5 39.5 15.87 17.6 33.5

See footnotes at end of table.

166
Table 4-14. Pacific census division:1 Mean hourly earnings2 and weekly hours by metropolitan and nonmetropolitan areas3 for

selected occupations, National Compensation Survey,4 1998–Continued

Occupation5

Total Metropolitan Nonmetropolitan

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

Mean hours

Relative

error6

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error6

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error6

(percent)

Blue collar –Continued

Precision production, craft, and repair –Continued

Carpenter apprentices ............................................. $13.69 5.8 40.0 $13.68 5.8 40.0 – – –

Electricians .............................................................. 21.22 6.0 40.0 22.64 3.9 40.0 – – –

Electrician apprentices ............................................. 16.53 4.7 40.0 15.96 10.6 40.0 – – –

Electrical power installers and repairers .................. 25.32 3.2 40.0 25.32 3.2 40.0 – – –

Painters, construction and maintenance .................. 14.54 14.2 40.0 14.19 16.2 40.0 – – –

Plumbers, pipefitters and steamfitters ..................... 19.35 6.0 40.0 19.65 6.2 40.0 – – –

Plumber, pipefitter, and steamfitter apprentices ...... 15.46 7.1 40.0 15.46 7.1 40.0 – – –

Structural metal workers .......................................... 23.02 8.1 34.9 23.02 8.1 34.9 – – –

Construction trades, n.e.c. ....................................... 15.35 6.3 39.8 16.29 6.6 39.8 $12.43 9.6 40.0

Drillers, oil well ......................................................... 21.07 10.6 41.1 21.07 10.6 41.1 – – –

Supervisors, production ........................................... 22.45 8.1 40.1 22.45 8.1 40.1 – – –

Tool and die makers ................................................ 17.86 6.2 40.0 17.86 6.2 40.0 – – –

Machinists ................................................................ 19.02 3.5 39.8 19.02 3.5 39.8 – – –

Layout workers ........................................................ 16.40 4.9 40.0 16.40 4.9 40.0 – – –

Sheet metal workers ................................................ 22.76 5.4 40.0 22.76 5.4 40.0 – – –

Patternmakers, layout workers, and cutters ............ 18.07 14.8 40.0 18.07 14.8 40.0 – – –

Electrical and electronic equipment assemblers ...... 9.93 3.5 39.9 9.93 3.5 39.9 – – –

Miscellaneous precision workers, n.e.c. .................. 18.16 11.9 39.8 18.16 11.9 39.8 – – –

Butchers and meat cutters ....................................... 12.89 9.8 39.0 12.80 11.2 39.1 – – –

Bakers ...................................................................... 13.58 13.3 36.7 13.58 13.3 36.7 – – –

Food batchmakers ................................................... 10.03 10.6 39.9 9.97 11.8 39.9 – – –

Inspectors, testers, and graders .............................. 16.57 6.3 39.6 16.57 6.3 39.6 – – –

Water and sewer treatment plant operators ............ 19.79 3.6 40.0 19.78 4.6 40.0 – – –

Stationary engineers ................................................ 21.13 5.0 40.0 21.13 5.0 40.0 – – –

Miscellaneous plant and system operators, n.e.c. ... 23.50 1.3 40.4 23.50 1.3 40.4 – – –

Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors ........... 11.01 2.2 39.2 11.01 2.2 39.3 – – –

Lathe and turning machine operators ...................... 14.72 14.8 40.0 14.72 14.8 40.0 – – –

Punching and stamping press operators ................. 10.40 8.6 40.0 10.40 8.6 40.0 – – –

Drilling and boring machine operators ..................... 13.99 11.5 39.9 13.99 11.5 39.9 – – –

Grinding, abrading, buffing, and polishing machine

operators ................................................................ 10.08 9.1 39.9 10.08 9.1 39.9 – – –

Numerical control machine operators ...................... 15.94 5.8 40.0 15.94 5.8 40.0 – – –

Fabricating machine operators, n.e.c. ..................... 13.04 7.8 40.0 12.40 8.6 40.0 – – –

Molding and casting machine operators .................. 8.88 10.2 39.7 8.88 10.2 39.7 – – –

Metal plating machine operators .............................. 12.90 6.7 40.0 12.90 6.7 40.0 – – –

Sawing machine operators ...................................... – – – 8.95 13.4 40.0 – – –

Printing press operators ........................................... 15.34 10.0 39.0 15.34 10.0 39.0 – – –

Photoengravers and lithographers ........................... 15.89 13.5 38.6 15.89 13.5 38.6 – – –

Typesetters and compositors ................................... 14.44 10.1 38.5 14.44 10.1 38.5 – – –

Textile cutting machine operators ............................ 9.94 4.7 40.0 9.94 4.7 40.0 – – –

Textile sewing machine operators ........................... 7.89 7.5 38.3 7.89 7.5 38.3 – – –

Laundering and dry cleaning machine operators ..... 7.90 4.7 37.9 7.95 4.8 37.8 – – –

Packaging and filling machine operators ................. 10.52 7.2 35.5 10.62 7.8 38.0 – – –

Extruding and forming machine operators ............... 10.79 4.6 40.0 10.79 4.6 40.0 – – –

Mixing and blending machine operators .................. 10.67 9.8 39.5 10.67 9.8 39.5 – – –

Separating, filtering, and clarifying machine

operators ................................................................ 15.91 2.1 40.0 15.75 3.6 40.0 – – –

Painting and paint spraying machine operators ....... 11.18 14.9 39.9 11.18 14.9 39.9 – – –

Folding machine operators ...................................... 16.78 3.1 40.0 16.78 3.1 40.0 – – –

Furnace, kiln, and oven operators, except food ....... 11.95 6.3 40.0 11.95 6.3 40.0 – – –

Crushing and grinding machine operators ............... 12.84 8.0 40.0 12.84 8.0 40.0 – – –

Slicing and cutting machine operators ..................... 9.77 7.9 38.7 9.77 7.9 38.7 – – –

Photographic process machine operators ............... 10.14 5.6 37.2 10.14 5.6 37.2 – – –

Miscellaneous machine operators, n.e.c. ................ 10.73 4.2 39.5 11.07 4.1 39.4 – – –

Welders and cutters ................................................. 15.79 6.7 40.0 15.77 7.1 40.0 – – –

Solders and braziers ................................................ 8.33 8.6 40.0 8.33 8.6 40.0 – – –

Assemblers .............................................................. 10.21 3.6 39.0 10.21 3.6 39.0 – – –

Hand cutting and trimming ....................................... 6.44 11.7 38.0 6.44 11.7 38.0 – – –

Hand painting, coating, and decorating ................... 7.31 8.8 40.0 7.31 8.8 40.0 – – –

Miscellaneous hand working, n.e.c. ......................... 8.37 4.7 39.9 8.37 4.7 39.9 – – –

See footnotes at end of table.

167
Table 4-14. Pacific census division:1 Mean hourly earnings2 and weekly hours by metropolitan and nonmetropolitan areas3 for

selected occupations, National Compensation Survey,4 1998–Continued

Occupation5

Total Metropolitan Nonmetropolitan

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

Mean hours

Relative

error6

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error6

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error6

(percent)

Blue collar –Continued

Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors

–Continued

Production inspectors, checkers and examiners ..... $11.70 5.2 39.2 $11.70 5.2 39.2 – – –

Production testers .................................................... 11.49 5.3 40.0 11.49 5.3 40.0 – – –

Graders and sorters, except agricultural .................. 11.07 8.4 39.1 11.07 8.4 39.1 – – –

Transportation and material moving ............................... 14.69 4.2 37.7 14.87 4.4 37.9 $13.00 7.1 35.7

Supervisors, motor vehicle operators ...................... 21.31 9.4 40.5 21.36 9.5 40.5 – – –

Truck drivers ............................................................ 14.26 3.9 39.6 14.15 4.3 39.6 – – –

Driver-sales workers ................................................ 12.44 8.8 34.6 12.57 8.8 34.4 – – –

Bus drivers ............................................................... 13.36 5.1 32.8 13.39 5.3 32.7 – – –

Taxicab drivers and chauffeurs ................................ 9.58 6.1 34.7 9.58 6.1 34.7 – – –

Parking lot attendants .............................................. 8.35 9.6 34.5 8.35 9.6 34.5 – – –

Motor transportation, n.e.c. ...................................... 8.12 12.1 29.9 8.26 13.3 35.8 – – –

Railroad conductors and yardmasters ..................... 28.02 15.9 41.3 28.02 15.9 41.3 – – –

Locomotive operating .............................................. 27.24 23.6 42.0 27.24 23.6 42.0 – – –

Ship captains and mates, except fishing boats ........ 18.39 13.9 34.6 17.86 17.0 33.4 – – –

Sailors and deckhands ............................................ 19.70 5.4 33.3 20.63 4.2 32.0 – – –

Supervisors, material moving equipment ................. 15.43 3.7 40.4 15.43 3.7 40.4 – – –

Operating engineers ................................................ 22.88 5.6 39.9 23.42 4.6 39.9 – – –

Crane and tower operators ...................................... 19.14 14.1 40.0 19.14 14.1 40.0 – – –

Excavating and loading machine operators ............. 18.38 14.7 40.0 18.38 14.7 40.0 – – –

Grader, dozer, and scrapper operators ................... 17.81 12.5 40.0 21.10 10.0 40.0 – – –

Industrial truck and tractor equipment operators ..... 11.93 5.1 39.4 12.32 5.4 39.2 – – –

Miscellaneous material moving equipment

operators, n.e.c. ..................................................... 17.78 8.9 37.5 17.74 9.1 37.4 – – –

Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers ... 10.03 2.0 36.3 10.00 2.2 36.3 10.39 5.6 36.7

Nursery workers ....................................................... 7.42 6.8 40.5 7.42 6.8 40.5 – – –

Supervisors, agriculture-related workers ................. 18.20 3.9 40.2 18.20 3.9 40.2 – – –

Groundskeepers and gardeners, except farm ......... 12.46 4.4 38.5 12.55 4.3 37.8 12.25 10.4 40.0

Animal caretakers, except farm ............................... 12.41 8.4 36.5 12.41 8.4 36.5 – – –

Inspectors, agricultural products .............................. 7.50 3.5 34.5 7.50 3.5 34.5 – – –

Supervisors, handlers, equipment cleaners, and

laborers, n.e.c. ....................................................... 15.42 6.7 40.0 15.42 6.7 40.0 – – –

Helpers, mechanics and repairers ........................... 12.12 8.6 38.9 12.08 8.9 38.8 – – –

Helpers, construction trades .................................... 11.41 9.7 38.9 11.40 9.8 38.9 – – –

Construction laborers ............................................... 12.70 8.8 38.9 12.95 9.2 39.6 – – –

Production helpers ................................................... 8.68 4.2 38.7 8.66 4.2 38.7 – – –

Stock handlers and baggers .................................... 9.52 7.0 29.8 9.62 7.4 30.5 8.21 8.9 23.4

Machine feeders and offbearers .............................. 9.60 8.1 38.6 9.55 8.2 38.6 – – –

Freight, stock, and material handlers, n.e.c. ............ 10.01 4.7 35.7 9.89 4.9 35.5 12.45 5.7 40.0

Garage and service station related .......................... 9.91 5.6 39.1 9.91 5.6 39.1 – – –

Vehicle washers and equipment cleaners ............... 7.65 7.6 38.2 7.65 7.6 38.2 – – –

Hand packers and packagers .................................. 8.05 3.2 37.1 8.05 3.2 37.1 – – –

Laborers, except construction, n.e.c. ....................... 10.45 5.3 37.6 10.78 4.7 37.0 – – –

Service .................................................................................... 11.08 2.2 33.1 11.18 2.3 33.2 9.77 5.1 32.6

Protective service ........................................................ 16.45 4.9 37.7 16.51 5.0 37.6 15.01 4.7 40.5

Supervisors, firefighters and fire prevention ............ 23.68 5.5 50.6 24.02 5.5 51.0 – – –

Supervisors, police and detectives .......................... 31.14 4.2 40.2 31.14 4.2 40.2 – – –

Supervisors, guards ................................................. 19.75 14.6 39.4 19.75 14.6 39.4 – – –

Fire inspection and fire prevention ........................... 18.08 8.8 41.8 18.08 8.8 41.8 – – –

Firefighting ............................................................... 17.30 8.0 35.3 17.52 8.4 35.0 – – –

Police and detectives, public service ....................... 24.08 2.3 39.7 24.27 2.3 39.6 20.52 3.7 40.0

Sheriffs, bailiffs, and other law enforcement officers 20.63 4.0 39.6 20.81 4.0 39.6 – – –

Correctional institution officers ................................. 18.01 2.6 40.0 18.09 2.7 40.0 – – –

Crossing guards ....................................................... 10.35 13.6 19.9 10.35 13.6 19.9 – – –

Guards and police, except public service ................ 8.43 4.0 36.1 8.40 4.1 36.0 – – –

Protective service, n.e.c. .......................................... 13.86 10.9 27.6 13.85 11.1 27.5 – – –

Food service ................................................................ 7.81 1.5 29.8 7.79 1.6 29.6 7.99 4.1 31.9

See footnotes at end of table.

168
Table 4-14. Pacific census division:1 Mean hourly earnings2 and weekly hours by metropolitan and nonmetropolitan areas3 for

selected occupations, National Compensation Survey,4 1998–Continued

Occupation5

Total Metropolitan Nonmetropolitan

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

hours

Hourly earnings

Mean

weekly

Mean hours

Relative

error6

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error6

(percent)

Mean

Relative

error6

(percent)

Service –Continued

Food service –Continued

Supervisors, food preparation and service .............. $12.33 4.4 39.3 $12.34 4.5 39.3 – – –

Bartenders ............................................................... 7.33 3.8 31.3 7.60 3.3 30.3 – – –

Waiters and waitresses ............................................ 6.09 1.6 26.7 5.93 2.0 26.4 – – –

Cooks ....................................................................... 9.87 3.0 37.2 9.96 3.5 37.0 $9.29 3.7 38.4

Food counter, fountain, and related ......................... 6.56 3.3 24.9 6.56 3.5 24.7 – – –

Kitchen workers, food preparation ........................... 8.08 2.8 31.2 8.02 3.0 31.7 – – –

Waiters’/Waitresses’ assistants ............................... 6.37 3.5 28.2 6.36 3.7 28.1 – – –

Food preparation, n.e.c. ........................................... 7.43 2.8 28.3 7.35 2.4 27.8 – – –

Health service .............................................................. 9.94 2.0 34.4 9.99 2.2 34.4 9.42 .8 34.1

Health aides, except nursing ................................... 11.89 2.3 33.1 12.02 2.5 33.6 10.43 .0 28.0

Nursing aides, orderlies and attendants .................. 9.32 2.1 34.8 9.34 2.3 34.6 9.12 1.2 36.5

Cleaning and building service ...................................... 9.68 3.0 36.4 9.71 3.1 36.6 9.19 3.8 33.0

Supervisors, cleaning and building service workers 14.56 8.6 40.1 14.75 8.8 40.1 – – –

Maids and housemen .............................................. 8.30 3.3 34.9 8.24 3.3 35.4 8.99 13.5 29.7

Janitors and cleaners ............................................... 9.57 3.8 36.4 9.59 4.0 36.5 9.24 .5 34.4

Personal service .......................................................... 10.29 5.2 26.8 10.30 5.4 26.6 10.17 17.4 28.6

Supervisors, personal service .................................. 13.34 8.8 38.0 12.13 7.5 37.4 – – –

Attendants, amusement, and recreation facilities .... 7.15 4.1 27.8 7.43 3.8 24.6 – – –

Guides ..................................................................... 11.90 10.6 32.5 11.83 11.5 32.1 – – –

Ushers ..................................................................... 6.24 2.4 10.4 6.24 2.4 10.4 – – –

Public transportation attendants .............................. 24.24 13.8 22.5 24.24 13.8 22.5 – – –

Baggage porters and bellhops ................................. 7.40 6.9 35.2 7.40 6.9 35.2 – – –

Welfare service aides .............................................. 8.78 5.7 27.6 8.78 5.7 27.6 – – –

Early childhood teachers’ assistants ........................ 9.00 3.2 26.7 8.93 3.3 26.3 – – –

Child care workers, n.e.c. ........................................ 10.18 8.7 22.8 10.16 8.8 22.9 – – –

Service, n.e.c. .......................................................... 9.59 8.7 27.7 8.80 7.0 29.6 – – –

1 The Pacific census division consists of Washington, Oregon, California, Alaska, and

Hawaii. 2 Earnings are the straight-time hourly wages or salaries paid to employees. They

include incentive pay, cost-of-living adjustments, and hazard pay. Excluded are premium

pay for overtime, vacations, and holidays; nonproduction bonuses; and tips. The mean is

computed by totaling the pay of all workers and dividing by the number of workers,

weighted by hours. 3 Metropolitan areas can be a Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA) or Consolidated

Metropolitan Statistical Area (CMSA) as defined by the Office of Management and Budget,

1994. Nonmetropolitan areas are counties that do not fit the definitions above. For more

information, see appendix E.

4 In this census division, collection was conducted between January 1998 and April

1999. The average reference period was June 1998. 5 A classification system including about 480 individual occupations is used to cover all

workers in the civilian economy. For more information, see appendix B. 6 The relative standard error (RSE) is the standard error expressed as a percent of the

estimate. It can be used to calculate a "confidence interval" around a sample estimate. For

more information about RSEs, see appendix A.

NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported or that data did not meet publication

criteria, and n.e.c. means "not elsewhere classified." Overall occupational groups may

include data for categories not shown separately. 

169
170

Appendix A.

Technical Note

This section provides basic information on the procedures and concepts used to produce the data containedin this bulletin. It is divided into three parts: Planning for the survey; data collection; and processing and analyzing the data. While this section answers some questions

commonly asked by data users, it is not a comprehensive

description of all the steps required to produce the data.

Planning for the survey

The overall design of the survey, which was based on the

type of data to be produced, had to be developed before

data collection could begin.

Survey scope

The National Compensation Survey (NCS) studied 18,576

establishments with 50 or more workers, representing more

than 63 million workers within scope of the survey. (See

appendix table 2.) The survey covered goods-producing industries (mining, construction, and manufacturing); serviceproducing industries (transportation, communications, electric, gas, and sanitary services; wholesale trade; retail trade;

finance, insurance, and real estate; and services industries);

and State and local governments. Agriculture, private households, and the Federal Government were excluded from the

scope of the survey. For purposes of this survey, an establishment was an economic unit that produces goods or services, a central administrative office, or an auxiliary unit

providing support services to a company. For private industries in this survey, the establishment was usually at a single

physical location. For State and local governments, an establishment was defined as all locations of a government

entity.

The geographical scope of the NCS includes all 50 States

and the District of Columbia.

Sampling frame

The list of establishments from which the survey sample

was selected (sampling frame) was developed from the State

unemployment insurance reports. The reference month for

the public sector is June 1994. Due to the volatility of industries within the private sector, sampling frames were developed using the most recent month of reference available

at the time the sample was selected. The reference month

for the private sector is March 1996.

Sample design

The sample for this survey was selected using a three-stage

design.The first stage consisted of the selection of areas for

study. The NCS sample consists of 154 metropolitan areas

and nonmetropolitan areas that represent the Nation’s 326

metropolitan statistical areas (as defined by the Office of

Management and Budget, 1994) and the remaining portions

of the 50 States. (See Appendix E.) The NCS surveys two

types of metropolitan areas: Metropolitan Statistical Areas

(MSA) and Consolidated Metropolitan Statistical Areas

(CMSA). MSA’s are areas with a central city of 50,000 or

more inhabitants and a total area population of at least

100,000. An MSA usually consists of one or more counties

with close economic and social ties as defined by commuting patterns and population density. CMSA’s are large, integrated areas of 1 million or more people consisting of two

or more contiguous Primary Metropolitan Statistical Areas

(large areas that consist of 250,000 to 999,999 people).

Nonmetropolitan areas are areas that are not a part of an

MSA or CMSA. These areas are individual counties or

parishes.

In the second stage, the sample of establishments was

drawn by first stratifying the sampling frame by industry

and ownership. The number of sample establishments allocated to each stratum is approximately proportional to the

stratum employment. Each sampled establishment is selected

within a stratum with a probability proportional to its employment. Use of this technique means that the larger an

establishment’s employment, the greater its chance of

selection. Weights were applied to each establishment when

the data were tabulated so that it represents similar units

(by industry and employment size) in the economy that were

not selected for data collection.

The third stage of sample selection was development of

a probability sample of occupations within a sampled

establishment.

Data collection

The collection of data from survey respondents required

detailed procedures. Collection was the responsibility of

field economists, working out of the BLS Regional Offices,

who visited each establishment surveyed. Collection was

conducted between July 1997 and April 1999. The average

payroll reference month was August 1998. For each estab-
171

lishment in the survey, the data reflect the establishment’s

practices on the day of collection.

Occupational selection and classification

Identification of the occupations for which wage data were

to be collected was a multistep process:

1. Probability-proportional-to-size selection of establishment jobs.

2. Classification of jobs into occupations based on the

Census of Population system.

3. Characterization of jobs as full-time v. part-time, union

v. nonunion, and time v. incentive.

4. Determination of the level of work of each job.

For each occupation, wage data were collected for those

workers who met all the criteria identified in the last three

steps. Special procedures were developed for jobs for which

a correct classification or level could not be determined.

In step one, the jobs to be sampled were selected at each

establishment by the BLS field economist during a personal

visit. A complete list of employees was used for sampling,

with each selected worker representing a job within the establishment.

As with the selection of establishments, the selection of

a job was based on probability proportional to its size in the

establishment. The greater the number of people working

in a job in the establishment, the greater its chance of selection.

The number of jobs for which data were collected in

each establishment was based on the establishment’s employment size, as shown in the following schedule:

Number of employees Number of selected jobs

50-99 8

100-249 10

250-999 12

1,000-2,499 16

2,500+ 20

The second step of the process entailed classifying the

selected jobs into occupations, based on their duties. The

National Compensation Survey occupational classification

system is based on the 1990 Census of Population. A selected

job may fall into any one of about 480 occupational

classifications, from accountant to wood lathe operator. For

cases in which a job’s duties overlapped two or more census

classification codes, the duties used to set the wage level

were used to classify the job. Classification by primary duties

was the fallback.

Each occupational classification is an element of a

broader classification known as a major occupational group

(MOG). Occupations can fall into any of the following

MOG’s:

· Professional specialty and technical

· Executive, administrative, and managerial

· Sales

· Administrative support, including clerical

· Precision production, craft, and repair

· Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors

· Transportation and material moving

· Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers

· Service occupations

A complete list of all individual occupations, classified

by the MOG to which they belong, is contained in Appendix

B.

In step three, certain other job characteristics of the chosen worker were identified. First, the worker was identified

as holding either a full-time or part-time job, based on the

establishment’s definition of those terms. Then, the worker

was classified as having a time versus incentive job, depending on whether any part of pay was directly based on the

actual production of the worker, rather than solely on hours

worked. Finally, the worker was identified as being in a union

job or a nonunion job. See the “Definition of terms” section

on the following page for more details.

Generic leveling through point factor analysis

In the last step before wage data were collected, the work

level of each selected job was determined using a “generic

leveling” process. Generic leveling ranks and compares all

occupations randomly selected in an establishment using the

same criteria. This is a major departure from the method

used in the past in the Bureau’s Occupational Compensation Surveys, which studied specifically defined occupations

with leveling definitions unique to each occupation.

For this survey, the level of each occupation in an establishment was determined by an analysis of each of 10 leveling factors. Nine of these factors are drawn from the U.S.

Governmen Office of Personnel Management’s Factor Evaluation System, which is the underlying structure for evaluation of General Schedule Federal employees. The tenth factor, supervisory duties, attempts to account for the effect of

supervisory duties. It is considered experimental. The 10

factors are:

· Knowledge

· Supervision received

· Guidelines

· Complexity

· Scope and effect

· Personal contacts

· Purpose of contacts

· Physical demands

· Work environment

· Supervisory duties

Each factor contains a number of levels and each level

has an associated written description and point value. The
172

number and range of points differ among the factors. For

each factor, an occupation was assigned a level based on

which written description best matched the job. Within each

occupation, the points for nine factors (supervisory duties

was excluded) were recorded and totaled. The total determines the overall level of the occupation. A description of

the levels for each factor is shown in Appendix C.

Tabulations of levels of work for occupations in the survey follow the Federal Government’s white-collar General

Schedule. Point ranges for each of the 15 levels are shown

in Appendix D. The appendix also includes an example of a

leveled job.

Wage data collected in prior surveys using the new

generic leveling method were evaluated by BLS researchers

using regression techniques. For each of the major occupational groups, wages were compared to the 10 generic level

factors (and levels within those factors). The analysis showed

that several of the generic level factors, most notably knowledge and supervision received, had strong explanatory power

for wages. That is, as the levels within a given factor increased, the wages also increased. Detailed research continues in the area. The results of this research will be published by BLS in the future.

Earnings

Earnings were defined as regular payments from the employer to the employee as compensation for straight-time

hourly work, or for any salaried work performed. The following components were included as part of earnings:

· Incentive pay, including commissions, production

bonuses, and piece rates

· Cost-of-living allowances

· Hazard pay

· Payments of income deferred due to participation in

a salary reduction plan

· Deadhead pay, defined as pay given to transportation workers returning in a vehicle without freight

or passengers

The following forms of payments were not considered

part of straight-time earnings:

· Shift differentials, defined as extra payment for

working a schedule that varies from the norm, such

as night or weekend work

· Premium pay for overtime, holidays, and weekends

· Bonuses not directly tied to production (e.g., Christmas bonuses, profit-sharing bonuses)

· Uniform and tool allowances

· Free room and board

· Payments made by third parties (e.g., tips, bonuses

given by manufacturers to department store salespeople, referral incentives in real estate)

· On-call pay

To calculate earnings for various periods (hourly, weekly,

and annual), data on work schedules also were collected.

For hourly workers, scheduled hours worked per day and

per week, exclusive of overtime, were recorded. Annual

weeks worked were determined. Because salaried workers,

exempt from overtime provisions, often work beyond the

assigned work schedule, their typical number of hours actually worked was collected. In this summary bulletin, only

hourly earnings are presented.

Earnings distribution tables that are not included in this

bulletin are available at the BLS Internet site (http://

stats.bls.gov/comhome.htm). These supplemental tables provide hourly earnings at the 10th, 25th, 50th, 75th, and 90th

percentile positions for selected occupations. At the 50th

percentile, the median, half of the workers receive the same

as or more than the rate shown, and half receive the same as

or less than the rate shown. At the 25th percentile, onefourth of the workers earn the same as or less than the rate

shown. At the 75th percentile, one-fourth earn the same as

or more than the rate shown. The 10th and 90th percentiles

follow the same pattern. Earnings data are made available

for all workers, private industry, and State and local government. Further detail for full- and part-time workers also is

provided.

Definition of terms

Full-time worker. Any employee that the employer considers to be full time.

Incentive worker. Any employee whose earnings are tied,

at least in part, to commissions, piece rates, production

bonuses, or other incentives based on production or sales.

Level. A ranking of an occupation based on the requirements of the position. (See the description above and the

example in Appendix D for more details on the leveling

process.)

Nonunion worker. An employee in an occupation not meeting the conditions for union coverage. (See below.)

Part-time worker. Any employee that the employer considers to be part-time.

Straight-time. Time worked at the standard rate of pay for

the job.

Time-based worker. Any employee whose earnings are tied

to an hourly rate or salary, and not to a specific level of

production.

Union worker. Any employee is in a union occupation when

all of the following conditions are met:
173

· A labor organization is recognized as the bargaining agent for all workers in the occupation.

· Wage and salary rates are determined through collective bargaining or negotiations.

· Settlement terms, which must include earnings provisions and may include benefit provisions, are embodied in a signed mutually binding collective bargaining agreement.

Processing and analyzing the data

Data were processed and analyzed at the Bureau’s National

Office following collection.

Weighting and nonresponse

Sample weights were calculated for each establishment/

occupation in the survey. These weights reflected the relative

size of the occupation within the establishment and of the

establishment within the sample universe. Weights were

used to aggregate data for the individual establishment/

occupations into the various data series. If data were not

provided by a sample member, the weights of responding

sample members in the same or similar “cells” were adjusted

to account for the missing data. This technique assumes that

the mean value of data for the nonrespondents equals the

mean value of data for the respondents at some detailed

“cell” level. Responding and nonresponding establishments

were classified into these cells according to industry and

employment size. Responding and nonresponding

occupations within responding establishments were

classified into cells that were additionally defined by major

occupation group and job level.

Establishments that were determined to be out of business or outside the scope of the survey had their weights

changed to zero. If only partial data were given for a sample

establishment or occupation, or data were missing, the

response was treated as a refusal.

Estimation

The wage series in the tables are computed by combining

the wages for individual establishment/occupations. Before

being combined, individual wage rates are weighted by:

number of workers; the sample weight, adjusted for

nonresponding establishments and other factors; and the

occupation work schedule, which varied depending on

whether hourly, weekly, or annual rates were being calculated.

Not all series that were calculated met the criteria for

publication. Before any series was published, it was reviewed

to make sure that the number of observations underlying it

was sufficient. This review prevented the publication of a

series that could have revealed information about a specific

establishment.

The number-of-workers estimates in appendix table 2 represents the total in all establishments within the scope of

the study, and not the number actually surveyed. Because

occupational structures among establishments differ, estimates of the number of workers obtained from the sample

of establishments serve only to indicate the relative importance of the occupational groups studied.

Data reliability

The data in this bulletin are estimates from a scientifically

selected probability sample. There are two types of errors

possible in an estimate based on a sample survey, sampling

and nonsampling.

Sampling errors occur because observations come only

from a sample and not from an entire population. The sample

used for this survey is one of a number of possible samples

of the same size that could have been selected using the

sample design. Estimates derived from the different samples

would differ from each other.

A measure of the variation among these differing estimates is called the standard error or sampling error. It indicates the precision with which an estimate from a particular

sample approximates the average result of all possible

samples. The relative standard error (RSE) is the standard

error divided by the estimate. RSEs are presented for most

of the tables in this bulletin.

The standard error can be used to calculate a “confidence

interval” around a sample estimate. As an example, table 1-

1 shows mean hourly earnings of $15.72 for all workers,

and an RSE of 0.5 for this estimate. At the 90-percent level,

the confidence interval for this estimate is $15.85 to $15.59

($15.72 plus and minus 1.645 times 0.5 percent times

$15.72). If all possible samples were selected to estimate

the population value, the interval from each sample would

include the true population value approximately 90 percent

of the time.

Nonsampling errors also affect survey results. They can

stem from many sources, such as inability to obtain information for some establishments, difficulties with survey

definitions, inability of the respondents to provide correct

information, or mistakes in recording or coding the data

obtained. A Technical Reinterview Program done in all survey areas will be used in the development of a formal quality assessment process to help compute nonsampling error.

Although they were not specifically measured, the

nonsampling errors were expected to be minimal due to the

extensive training of the field economists who gathered the

survey data by personal visit, computer edits of the data,

and detailed data review.
Table A. Number of establishments represented by the survey and number studied by industry group and establishment

employment size, United States, National Compensation Survey,1 1998

Industry division

Number of

establishments represented2

Number of establishments studied

Total 50 - 99

workers

100 - 499

workers

500 - 999

workers

1,000 -

2,499

workers

2,500 -

4,999

workers

5,000 or

more

workers

All .................................................................................................... 327,400 18,576 5,280 8,252 2,125 1,784 692 443

Private Industry .......................................................................... 298,400 15,850 4,983 7,295 1,618 1,308 446 200

Goods-producing industries ..................................................... 78,800 4,625 1,143 2,252 614 396 153 67

Mining .................................................................................. 1,500 172 72 68 24 7 1 –

Construction ......................................................................... 13,400 537 273 231 21 11 – 1

Manufacturing ...................................................................... 63,900 3,916 798 1,953 569 378 152 66

Durable goods ................................................................. 36,600 2,412 491 1,132 357 251 124 57

Fabricated metal products, except machinery and

transportation equipment ....................................... 6,300 369 101 212 31 18 6 1

Industrial and commercial machinery and computer

equipment .............................................................. 6,500 444 97 213 73 39 16 6

Electronic and electrical equipment ............................. 6,400 387 61 177 73 48 18 10

Transportation equipment ............................................ 3,000 371 43 107 59 69 63 30

Measuring, analyzing, and controlling instruments ...... 2,500 214 29 92 43 36 8 6

Nondurable goods ........................................................... 27,300 1,504 307 821 212 127 28 9

Food and kindred products .......................................... 4,200 326 61 182 55 26 2 –

Printing, publishing, and allied industries ..................... 5,000 320 75 162 40 32 9 2

Chemicals and allied products ..................................... 4,300 265 42 128 44 38 10 3

Service-producing industries ................................................... 219,600 11,225 3,840 5,043 1,004 912 293 133

Transportation and utilities ................................................... 18,900 1,159 352 494 121 129 35 28

Wholesale trade ................................................................... 17,200 661 286 299 48 23 1 4

Retail trade .......................................................................... 78,900 2,743 1,342 1,198 119 63 19 2

Finance, insurance and real estate ...................................... 16,700 859 252 325 104 119 31 28

Depository institutions ...................................................... 5,300 305 89 111 41 31 15 18

Insurance carriers ............................................................ 4,000 254 46 94 44 56 9 5

Services ............................................................................... 87,900 5,803 1,608 2,727 612 578 207 71

Business services ............................................................ 21,800 1,201 357 609 127 92 12 4

Educational services ........................................................ 4,600 829 314 371 79 34 16 15

Health services ................................................................ 25,200 1,986 314 887 259 342 144 40

Hospitals ...................................................................... 4,500 890 13 191 196 316 134 40

Engineering, accounting, research, management, and

related services .......................................................... 6,500 376 124 163 31 38 17 3

State and local government ...................................................... 29,000 2,726 297 957 507 476 246 243

Health services ................................................................ 2,500 317 36 91 62 61 44 23

Hospitals ...................................................................... 1,500 200 11 35 42 54 38 20

1 This survey covers all 50 States. Collection was conducted between July 1997 and

April 1999. The average reference period was August 1998. 2 Number of establishments represented by the survey rounded to the nearest 100.

NOTE: Dashes indicate that no data were reported. Overall industry and industry groups

may include data for categories not shown separately.

174
Table B. Number of workers1 represented by the survey, by occupational group,2 United States,

National Compensation Survey,3 1998

Occupational group All industries Private industry State and local

government

All ............................................................................................. 63,368,100 48,783,200 14,584,900

All excluding sales ................................................................ 58,871,800 44,345,500 14,526,300

White collar ......................................................................... 33,474,800 23,595,100 9,879,700

White collar excluding sales ............................................. 28,978,400 19,157,300 9,821,100

Professional specialty and technical ................................. 13,157,900 7,384,600 5,773,300

Professional specialty occupations ............................... 10,508,500 5,225,600 5,282,900

Technical occupations .................................................. 2,649,400 2,159,000 490,400

Executive, administrative, and managerial ....................... 5,115,400 3,854,500 1,261,000

Sales ................................................................................. 4,496,300 4,437,700 58,600

Administrative support, including clerical .......................... 10,705,100 7,918,200 2,786,900

Blue collar ........................................................................... 17,739,100 16,249,100 1,490,000

Precision production, craft, and repair .............................. 5,010,400 4,409,800 600,700

Machine operators, assemblers, and inspectors .............. 5,699,200 5,664,600 34,600

Transportation and material moving ................................. 2,514,100 1,987,400 526,700

Handlers, equipment cleaners, helpers, and laborers ...... 4,515,400 4,187,400 328,000

Service ................................................................................. 12,154,200 8,939,100 3,215,100

1 Estimates of the number of workers provide a description of

size and composition of the labor force included in the survey.

Estimates are not intended, however, for comparison with other

statistical series to measure employment trends or levels. Both

full-time and part-time workers were included in the survey. 2 A classification system including about 480 individual

occupations is used to cover all workers in the civilian economy.

For more information, see appendix B. 3 This survey covers all 50 States. Collection was conducted

between July 1997 and April 1999. The average reference period

was August 1998.

175
176

Appendix B.

Occupational Classifications

NOTE: The 4-digit code before each occupation title is used to classify the job into one of three major

groups. White-collar workers include those classified in Major groups A through D. Blue-collar workers

include those classified in Major groups E through H. Service workers are classified in Major group K.

Major group A:

PROFESSIONAL SPECIALTY AND TECHNICAL

OCCUPATIONS

PROFESSIONAL SPECIALTY OCCUPATIONS

ENGINEERS, ARCHITECTS, AND SURVEYORS

 A043 Architects

 A044 Aerospace Engineers

 A045 Metallurgical and Materials Engineers

 A046 Mining Engineers

 A047 Petroleum Engineers

 A048 Chemical Engineers

 A049 Nuclear Engineers

 A053 Civil Engineers

 A054 Agricultural Engineers

 A055 Electrical and Electronic Engineers

 A056 Industrial Engineers

 A057 Mechanical Engineers

 A058 Marine Engineers and Naval Architects

 A059 Engineers, n.e.c.1

 A063 Surveyors and Mapping Scientists

MATHEMATICAL AND COMPUTER SCIENTISTS

 A064 Computer Systems Analysts and Scientists

 A065 Operations and Systems Researchers and

 Analysts

 A066 Actuaries

 A067 Statisticians

 A068 Mathematical Scientists, n.e.c.

NATURAL SCIENTISTS

 A069 Physicists and Astronomers

 A073 Chemists, Except Biochemists

 A074 Atmospheric and Space Scientists

 A075 Geologists and Geodesists

 A076 Physical Scientists, n.e.c.

 A077 Agricultural and Food Scientists

 A078 Biological and Life Scientists

 A079 Forestry and Conservation Scientists

 A083 Medical Scientists

HEALTH RELATED OCCUPATIONS

 A084 Physicians

 A085 Dentists

 A086 Veterinarians

 A087 Optometrists

 A088 Podiatrists

 A089 Health Diagnosing Practitioners, n.e.c.

 A095 Registered Nurses

 A096 Pharmacists

 A097 Dietitians

 A098 Respiratory Therapists

 A099 Occupational Therapists

 A103 Physical Therapists

 A104 Speech Therapists

 A105 Therapists, n.e.c.

 A106 Physicians’ Assistants

TEACHERS, COLLEGE AND UNIVERSITY

 A113 Earth, Environmental, and Marine Science

Teachers

 A114 Biological Science Teachers

 A115 Chemistry Teachers

 A116 Physics Teachers

 A117 Natural Science Teachers, n.e.c.

 A118 Psychology Teachers

 A119 Economics Teachers

 A123 History Teachers

 A124 Political Science Teachers

 A125 Sociology Teachers

 A126 Social Science Teachers, n.e.c.

 A127 Engineering Teachers

 A128 Mathematical Science Teachers

 A129 Computer Science Teachers

 A133 Medical Science Teachers

 A134 Health Specialties Teachers 1 n.e.c. in an occupation title means not elsewhere classified.
177

 A135 Business, Commerce, and Marketing Teachers

 A136 Agriculture and Forestry Teachers

 A137 Art, Drama, and Music Teachers

 A138 Physical Education Teachers

 A139 Education Teachers

 A143 English Teachers

 A144 Foreign Language Teachers

 A145 Law Teachers

 A146 Social Work Teachers

 A147 Theology Teachers

 A148 Trade and Industrial Teachers

 A149 Home Economics Teachers

 A153 Teachers, Post Secondary, n.e.c.

 A154 Post Secondary Teachers, Subject not

 specified

TEACHERS, EXCEPT COLLEGE AND UNIVERSITY

 A155 Prekindergarten and Kindergarten Teachers

 A156 Elementary School Teachers

 A157 Secondary School Teachers

 A158 Teachers, Special Education

 A159 Teachers, n.e.c.

 A160 Substitute Teachers

 A163 Vocational and Educational Counselors

LIBRARIANS, ARCHIVISTS, AND CURATORS

 A164 Librarians

 A165 Archivists and Curators

SOCIAL SCIENTISTS AND URBAN PLANNERS

 A166 Economists

 A167 Psychologists

 A168 Sociologists

 A169 Social Scientists, n.e.c.

 A173 Urban Planners

SOCIAL, RECREATION, AND RELIGIOUS

WORKERS

 A174 Social Workers

 A175 Recreation Workers

 A176 Clergy

 A177 Religious Workers, n.e.c.

LAWYERS AND JUDGES

 A178 Lawyers

 A179 Judges

WRITERS, AUTHORS, ENTERTAINERS,

ATHLETES, AND PROFESSIONALS, N.E.C.

 A183 Authors

 A184 Technical Writers

 A185 Designers

 A186 Musicians and Composers

 A187 Actors and Directors

 A188 Painters, Sculptors, Craft-Artists, and Artist

Print-Makers

 A189 Photographers

 A193 Dancers

 A194 Artists, Performers, and Related Workers,

n.e.c.

 A195 Editors and Reporters

 A197 Public Relations Specialists

 A198 Announcers

 A199 Athletes

 A999 Professional Occupations, n.e.c.

TECHNICAL OCCUPATIONS

HEALTH TECHNOLOGISTS AND TECHNICIANS

 A203 Clinical Laboratory Technologists and

Technicians

 A204 Dental Hygienists

 A205 Health Record Technologists and

 Technicians

 A206 Radiologic Technicians

 A207 Licensed Practical Nurses

 A208 Health Technologists and Technicians,

 n.e.c.

ENGINEERING AND RELATED TECHNOLOGISTS

AND TECHNICIANS

 A213 Electrical and Electronic Technicians

 A214 Industrial Engineering Technicians

 A215 Mechanical Engineering Technicians

 A216 Engineering Technicians, n.e.c.

 A217 Drafters

 A218 Surveying and Mapping Technicians

SCIENCE TECHNICIANS

 A223 Biological Technicians

 A224 Chemical Technicians

 A225 Science Technicians, n.e.c.

MISCELLANEOUS TECHNICIANS

 A226 Airplane Pilots and Navigators

 A227 Air Traffic Controllers

 A228 Broadcast Equipment Operators

 A229 Computer Programmers

 A233 Tool Programmers, Numerical Control

 A234 Legal Assistants

 A235 Technical and Related Occupations, n.e.c.
178

Major group B:

EXECUTIVE, ADMINISTRATIVE, AND

MANAGERIAL OCCUPATIONS

EXECUTIVES, ADMINISTRATORS, AND

MANAGERS

B003 Legislators

B004 Chief Executives and General Administrators,

Public Administration

B005 Administrators and Officials, Public Administration

B007 Financial Managers

B008 Personnel and Labor Relations Managers

B009 Purchasing Managers

B013 Managers: Marketing, Advertising, and Public

Relations

B014 Administrators, Education and Related Fields

B015 Managers, Medicine and Health

B016 Postmasters and Mail Superintendents

B017 Managers, Food Serving and Lodging

Establishments

B018 Managers, Properties and Real Estate

B019 Funeral Directors

B021 Managers, Service Organizations, n.e.c.

B022 Managers and Administrators, n.e.c.

MANAGEMENT RELATED OCCUPATIONS

B023 Accountants and Auditors

B024 Underwriters

B025 Other Financial Officers

B026 Management Analysts

B027 Personnel, Training, and Labor Relations

Specialists

B028 Purchasing Agents and Buyers, Farm Products

B029 Buyers, Wholesale and Retail Trade, Except

Farm Products

B033 Purchasing Agents and Buyers, n.e.c.

B034 Business and Promotion Agents

B035 Construction Inspectors

B036 Inspectors and Compliance Officers, Except

Construction

B037 Management Related Occupations, n.e.c.

Major group C:

SALES OCCUPATIONS

C243 Supervisors: Sales Occupations

FINANCE AND BUSINESS SERVICES, SALES

REPRESENTATIVES

C253 Insurance Sales Occupations

C254 Real Estate Sales Occupations

C255 Securities and Financial Services Sales

Occupations

C256 Advertising and Related Sales Occupations

C257 Sales Occupations, Other Business Services

SALES REPRESENTATIVES, COMMODITIES

EXCEPT RETAIL

C258 Sales Engineers

C259 Sales Representatives: Mining, Manufacturing, and Wholesale

RETAIL AND PERSONAL SERVICES SALES

WORKERS

C263 Sales Workers, Motor Vehicles and Boats

C264 Sales Workers, Apparel

C265 Sales Workers, Shoes

C266 Sales Workers, Furniture and Home Furnishings

C267 Sales Workers, Radio, TV, Hi-Fi, and Appliances

C268 Sales Workers, Hardware and Building

Supplies

C269 Sales Workers, Parts

C274 Sales Workers, Other Commodities

C275 Sales Counter Clerks

C276 Cashiers

C277 Street and Door-To-Door Sales Workers

C278 News Vendors

SALES RELATED OCCUPATIONS

C283 Demonstrators, Promoters, and Models, Sales

C284 Auctioneers

C285 Sales Support Occupations, n.e.c.

Major group D:

ADMINISTRATIVE SUPPORT OCCUPATIONS,

INCLUDING CLERICAL

SUPERVISORS, CLERICAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE

SUPPORT

D303 Supervisors: General Office

D304 Supervisors: Computer Equipment Operators

D305 Supervisors: Financial Records Processing

D306 Chief Communications Operators

D307 Supervisors: Distribution, Scheduling, and

Adjusting Clerks

COMPUTER EQUIPMENT OPERATORS

D308 Computer Operators

D309 Peripheral Equipment Operators
179

SECRETARIES, STENOGRAPHERS, AND TYPISTS

D313 Secretaries

D314 Stenographers

D315 Typists

INFORMATION CLERKS

D316 Interviewers

D317 Hotel Clerks

D318 Transportation Ticket and Reservation Agents

D319 Receptionists

D323 Information Clerks, n.e.c.

RECORDS PROCESSING CLERKS, EXCEPT

FINANCIAL

D325 Classified-Ad Clerks

D326 Correspondence Clerks

D327 Order Clerks

D328 Personnel Clerks, Except Payroll and Timekeeping

D329 Library Clerks

D335 File Clerks

D336 Records Clerks, n.e.c.

FINANCIAL RECORDS PROCESSING CLERKS

D337 Bookkeepers, Accounting, and Auditing

Clerks

D338 Payroll and Timekeeping Clerks

D339 Billing Clerks

D343 Cost and Rate Clerks

D344 Billing, Posting, and Calculating Machine

Operators

DUPLICATING, MAIL, AND OTHER OFFICE

MACHINE OPERATORS

D345 Duplicating Machine Operators

D346 Mail Preparing and Paper Handling Machine

Operators

D347 Office Machine Operators, n.e.c.

COMMUNICATIONS EQUIPMENT OPERATORS

D348 Telephone Operators

D353 Communications Equipment Operators, n.e.c.

MAIL AND MESSAGE DISTRIBUTING

OCCUPATIONS

D356 Mail Clerks, Except Postal Service

D357 Messengers

MATERIAL RECORDING, SCHEDULING, AND

DISTRIBUTING CLERKS

D359 Dispatchers

D363 Production Coordinators

D364 Traffic, Shipping, and Receiving Clerks

D365 Stock and Inventory Clerks

D366 Meter Readers

D368 Weighers, Measurers, Checkers, and Samplers

D373 Expeditors

D374 Material Recording, Scheduling, and Distributing Clerks, n.e.c.

ADJUSTERS AND INVESTIGATORS

D375 Insurance Adjusters, Examiners, and Investigators

D376 Investigators and Adjusters, Except Insurance

D377 Eligibility Clerks, Social Welfare

D378 Bill and Account Collectors

MISCELLANEOUS ADMINISTRATIVE SUPPORT

OCCUPATIONS

D379 General Office Clerks

D383 Bank Tellers

D384 Proofreaders

D385 Data Entry Keyers

D386 Statistical Clerks

 D387 Teachers’ Aides

 D389 Administrative Support Occupations, n.e.c.

Major group E:

PRECISION PRODUCTION, CRAFT, AND REPAIR

OCCUPATIONS

 MECHANICS AND REPAIRERS

E503 Supervisors: Mechanics and Repairers

E505 Automobile Mechanics

E506 Automobile Mechanic Apprentices

E507 Bus, Truck, and Stationary Engine Mechanics

E508 Aircraft Engine Mechanics

E509 Small Engine Repairers

E514 Automobile Body and Related Repairers

E515 Aircraft Mechanics, Except Engine

E516 Heavy Equipment Mechanics

E517 Farm Equipment Mechanics

E518 Industrial Machinery Repairers

E519 Machinery Maintenance Occupations

E523 Electronic Repairers, Communications and

Industrial Equipment

E525 Data Processing Equipment Repairers

E526 Household Appliance and Power Tool Repairers
180

E527 Telephone Line Installers and Repairers

E529 Telephone Installers and Repairers

E534 Heating, Air Conditioning, and Refrigeration

Mechanics

E535 Camera, Watch, and Musical Instrument

Repairers

E536 Locksmiths and Safe Repairers

E538 Office Machine Repairers

E539 Mechanical Controls and Valve Repairers

E543 Elevator Installers and Repairers

E544 Millwrights

E547 Mechanics and Repairers, n.e.c.

SUPERVISORS, CONSTRUCTION TRADES

E553 Supervisors: Brickmasons, Stonemasons, and

Tilesetters

E554 Supervisors: Carpenters and Related Workers

E555 Supervisors: Electricians and Power Transmission Installers

E556 Supervisors: Painters, Paperhangers, and

Plasterers

E557 Supervisors: Plumbers, Pipefitters, and

Steamfitters

E558 Supervisors: Construction Trades, n.e.c.

CONSTRUCTION TRADES OCCUPATIONS

E563 Brickmasons and Stonemasons

E564 Brickmason and Stonemason Apprentices

E565 Tile Setters, Hard and Soft

E566 Carpet Installers

E567 Carpenters

E569 Carpenter Apprentices

E573 Drywall Installers

E575 Electricians

E576 Electrician Apprentices

E577 Electrical Power Installers and Repairers

E579 Painters, Construction and Maintenance

E583 Paperhangers

E584 Plasterers

E585 Plumbers, Pipefitters, and Steamfitters

E587 Plumber, Pipefitter, and Steamfitter Apprentices

E588 Concrete and Terrazzo Finishers

E589 Glaziers

E593 Insulation Workers

E594 Paving, Surfacing, and Tamping Equipment

Operators

E595 Roofers

E596 Sheetmetal Duct Installers

E597 Structural Metal Workers

E598 Drillers, Earth

E599 Construction Trades, n.e.c.

 EXTRACTIVE OCCUPATIONS

E613 Supervisors: Extractive Occupations

E614 Drillers, Oil Well

E615 Explosives Workers

E616 Mining Machine Operators

E617 Mining Occupations, n.e.c.

PRECISION PRODUCTION OCCUPATIONS

E628 Supervisors: Production Occupations

PRECISION METAL WORKING OCCUPATIONS

E634 Tool and Die Makers

E635 Tool and Die Maker Apprentices

E636 Precision Assemblers, Metal

E637 Machinists

E639 Machinist Apprentices

E643 Boilermakers

E644 Precision Grinders, Filers, and Tool Sharpeners

E645 Patternmakers and Modelmakers, Metal

E646 Layout Workers

E647 Precious Stones and Metals Workers

E649 Engravers, Metal

E653 Sheet Metal Workers

E654 Sheet Metal Worker Apprentices

PRECISION WOODWORKING OCCUPATIONS

E656 Patternmakers and Modelmakers, Wood

 E657 Cabinet Makers and Bench Carpenters

E658 Furniture and Wood Finishers

 PRECISION TEXTILE, APPAREL, AND

 FURNISHINGS MACHINE WORKERS

E666 Dressmakers

E667 Tailors

E668 Upholsterers

E669 Shoe Repairers

PRECISION WORKERS, ASSORTED MATERIALS

E675 Hand Molders and Shapers, Except Jewelers

E676 Patternmakers, Layout Workers, and Cutters

E677 Optical Goods Workers

E678 Dental Laboratory and Medical Appliance

Technicians

E679 Bookbinders

E683 Electrical and Electronic Equipment Assemblers

E684 Miscellaneous Precision Workers, n.e.c.
181

PRECISION FOOD PRODUCTION OCCUPATIONS

E685 Precision Food Production Occupations, n.e.c.

E686 Butchers and Meat Cutters

E687 Bakers

E688 Food Batchmakers

PRECISION INSPECTORS, TESTERS, AND

RELATED WORKERS

E689 Inspectors, Testers, and Graders

E690 Precision Inspectors, Testers, and Related

Workers, n.e.c.

E693 Adjusters and Calibrators

PLANT AND SYSTEM OPERATORS

E694 Water and Sewage Treatment Plant Operators

E695 Power Plant Operators

E696 Stationary Engineers

E699 Miscellaneous Plant and System Operators,

n.e.c.

Major group F:

MACHINE OPERATORS, ASSEMBLERS, AND

INSPECTORS

METALWORKING AND PLASTIC WORKING

MACHINE OPERATORS

F703 Lathe and Turning-Machine Set-Up Operators

F704 Lathe and Turning-Machine Operators

F705 Milling and Planing Machine Operators

F706 Punching and Stamping Press Operators

F707 Rolling Machine Operators

F708 Drilling and Boring Machine Operators

F709 Grinding, Abrading, Buffing, and Polishing

Machine Operators

F713 Forging Machine Operators

F714 Numerical Control Machine Operators

F717 Fabricating Machine Operators, n.e.c.

F719 Molding and Casting Machine Operators

F723 Metal Plating Machine Operators

F724 Heat Treating Equipment Operators

WOODWORKING MACHINE OPERATORS

F726 Wood Lathe, Routing, and Planing Machine

Operators

F727 Sawing Machine Operators

F728 Shaping and Joining Machine Operators

F729 Nailing and Tacking Machine Operators

PRINTING MACHINE OPERATORS

F734 Printing Press Operators

F735 Photoengravers and Lithographers

F736 Typesetters and Compositors

TEXTILE, APPAREL, AND FURNISHINGS

MACHINE OPERATORS

F738 Winding and Twisting Machine

 Operators

F739 Knitting, Looping, Taping, and Weaving

Machine Operators

F743 Textile Cutting Machine Operators

F744 Textile Sewing Machine Operators

F745 Shoe Machine Operators

F747 Pressing Machine Operators

F748 Laundering and Dry Cleaning Machine

Operators

MACHINE OPERATORS, ASSORTED

MATERIALS

F753 Cementing and Gluing Machine Operators

F754 Packaging and Filling Machine Operators

F755 Extruding and Forming Machine Operators

F756 Mixing and Blending Machine Operators

F757 Separating, Filtering, and Clarifying Machine

Operators

F758 Compressing and Compacting Machine

Operators

F759 Painting and Paint Spraying Machine Operators

F763 Roasting and Baking Machine Operators,

Food

F764 Washing, Cleaning, and Pickling Machine

Operators

F765 Folding Machine Operators

F766 Furnace, Kiln, and Oven Operators, Except

Food

F768 Crushing and Grinding Machine

 Operators

F769 Slicing and Cutting Machine Operators

F773 Motion Picture Projectionists

F774 Photographic Process Machine Operators

F777 Miscellaneous Machine Operators, n.e.c.

FABRICATORS, ASSEMBLERS, AND HAND

WORKING OCCUPATIONS

F783 Welders and Cutters

F784 Solderers and Brazers

F785 Assemblers

F786 Hand Cutting and Trimming Occupations

F787 Hand Molding, Casting, and Forming Occupations

F789 Hand Painting, Coating, and Decorating

Occupations

F793 Hand Engraving and Printing Occupations

F795 Miscellaneous Hand Working Occupations,

 n.e.c.
182

PRODUCTION INSPECTORS, TESTERS,

SAMPLERS, AND WEIGHERS

F796 Production Inspectors, Checkers, and Examiners

F797 Production Testers

F798 Production Samplers and Weighers

F799 Graders and Sorters, Except Agricultural

F800 Hand Inspectors, n.e.c.

Major group G:

TRANSPORTATION AND MATERIAL MOVING

OCCUPATIONS

MOTOR VEHICLE OPERATORS

G803 Supervisors: Motor Vehicle Operators

G804 Truck Drivers

G806 Driver-Sales Workers

G808 Bus Drivers

G809 Taxicab Drivers and Chauffeurs

G813 Parking Lot Attendants

G814 Motor Transportation Occupations, n.e.c.

RAILROAD TRANSPORTATION OCCUPATIONS

G823 Railroad Conductors and Yardmasters

G824 Locomotive Operating Occupations

G825 Railroad Brake, Signal, and Switch Operators

G826 Rail Vehicle Operators, n.e.c.

WATER TRANSPORTATION OCCUPATIONS

G828 Ship Captains and Mates, Except Fishing

Boats

G829 Sailors and Deckhands

G833 Marine Engineers

G834 Bridge, Lock, and Lighthouse Tenders

MATERIAL MOVING EQUIPMENT OPERATORS

G843 Supervisors: Material Moving Equipment

Operators

G844 Operating Engineers

G845 Longshore Equipment Operators

G848 Hoist and Winch Operators

G849 Crane and Tower Operators

G853 Excavating and Loading Machine Operators

G855 Grader, Dozer, and Scraper Operators

G856 Industrial Truck and Tractor Equipment

Operators

G859 Miscellaneous Material Moving Equipment

Operators, n.e.c.

Major group H:

HANDLERS, EQUIPMENT CLEANERS, HELPERS,

AND LABORERS

FARM, FISHING, AND FORESTRY OCCUPATIONS -

NONFARM SECTOR

H483 Marine Life Cultivation Workers

H484 Nursery Workers

H485 Supervisors: Agriculture-Related Workers

H486 Groundskeepers and Gardeners, Except Farm

H487 Animal Caretakers, Except Farm

H489 Inspectors, Agricultural Products

H494 Supervisors: Forestry and Logging Workers

H495 Forestry Workers, Except Logging

H496 Timber Cutting and Logging Occupations

H497 Captains and Other Officers, Fishing Vessels

H498 Fishers, Hunters, and Trappers

HELPERS, HANDLERS, AND LABORERS

H864 Supervisors: Handlers, Equipment Cleaners,

and Laborers, n.e.c.

H865 Helpers, Mechanics and Repairers

H866 Helpers, Construction Trades

H867 Helpers, Surveyor

H868 Helpers, Extractive Occupations

H869 Construction Laborers

H874 Production Helpers

H875 Garbage Collectors

H876 Stevedores

 H877 Stock Handlers and Baggers

H878 Machine Feeders and Offbearers

H883 Freight, Stock, and Material Handlers, n.e.c.

H885 Garage and Service Station Related Occupations

H887 Vehicle Washers and Equipment Cleaners

H888 Hand Packers and Packagers

H889 Laborers, Except Construction, n.e.c.

Major group K:

SERVICE OCCUPATIONS, EXCEPT PRIVATE

HOUSEHOLD

PROTECTIVE SERVICE OCCUPATIONS

K413 Supervisors: Firefighting and Fire Prevention

Occupations

K414 Supervisors: Police and Detectives

K415 Supervisors: Guards

K416 Fire Inspection and Fire Prevention Occupations
183

K417 Firefighting Occupations

K418 Police and Detectives, Public Service

K423 Sheriffs, Bailiffs, and Other Law Enforcement

 Officers

K424 Correctional Institution Officers

K425 Crossing Guards

K426 Guards and Police, Except Public

 Service

K427 Protective Service Occupations, n.e.c.

FOOD SERVICE OCCUPATIONS

K433 Supervisors: Food Preparation and Service

 Occupations

K434 Bartenders

K435 Waiters and Waitresses

K436 Cooks

 K438 Food Counter, Fountain, and Related

 Occupations

K439 Kitchen Workers, Food Preparation

K443 Waiters’/Waitresses’ Assistants

K444 Food Preparation Occupations, n.e.c.

HEALTH SERVICE OCCUPATIONS

K445 Dental Assistants

K446 Health Aides, Except Nursing

K447 Nursing Aides, Orderlies, and Attendants

CLEANING AND BUILDING SERVICE OCCUPATIONS

K448 Supervisors: Cleaning and Building Service

Workers

K449 Maids and Housemen

K453 Janitors and Cleaners

K454 Elevator Operators

K455 Pest Control Occupations

PERSONAL SERVICE OCCUPATIONS

K456 Supervisors: Personal Service Occupations

K457 Barbers

K458 Hairdressers and Cosmetologists

K459 Attendants, Amusement and Recreation Facilities

K461 Guides

K462 Ushers

K463 Public Transportation Attendants

K464 Baggage Porters and Bellhops

K465 Welfare Service Aides

K467 Early Childhood Teacher’s Assistants

K468 Child Care Workers, n.e.c.

K469 Service Occupations, n.e.c.
184

Appendix C.

Generic Leveling Criteria

Below are the 10 criteria for the generic leveling of

occupations. The description of each level within a

factor is included. An example of using these criteria for leveling a job follows in Appendix D.

KNOWLEDGE measures the nature and extent of information or facts which the workers must understand to do

acceptable work (e.g., steps, procedures, practices, rules,

policies, theories, principles, and concepts) and the nature

and extent of the skills needed to apply those forms of knowledge. To be used as a basis for selecting a level under this

factor, the knowledge must be required and applied.

1. Knowledge of simple, routine, or repetitive tasks or

operations that typically includes following step-by-step

instructions and requires little or no previous training or

experience;

OR

Skill to operate simple equipment or equipment that operates repetitively, requiring little or no previous training or

experience;

OR

Equivalent knowledge and skill.

2. Knowledge of basic or commonly used rules, procedures,

or operations that typically requires some previous training

or experience;

OR

Basic skill to operate equipment requiring some previous

training or experience, such as keyboard equipment;

OR

Equivalent knowledge and skill.

3. Knowledge of a body of standardized rules, procedures,

operations, goods, services, tools, or equipment, requiring

considerable training and experience to perform the full range

of standard clerical assignments and resolve recurring problems;

OR

Skill, acquired through considerable training and experience, to operate and adjust varied equipment for purposes

such as performing numerous standardized tests or operations;

OR

Equivalent knowledge and skill.

4. Knowledge of an extensive body of rules, procedures,

operations, products, or services, requiring extended training and experience to perform a wide variety of interrelated

or nonstandard procedural assignments and resolve a wide

range of problems;

OR

Practical knowledge of standard procedures in a technical

field, requiring extended training or experience, to perform

such work as: Adapting equipment when this requires considering the functioning characteristics of equipment; interpreting results of tests based on previous experience and observations (rather than directly reading instruments or other

measures); or extracting information from various sources

when this requires considering the applicability of information and the characteristics and quality of the sources;

OR

Comprehensive knowledge of a blue-collar skill, usually

acquired through a formal apprenticeship;

OR

Equivalent knowledge and skill.

5. Knowledge (such as would be acquired through a pertinent baccalaureate educational program or its equivalent in

experience, training, or independent study) of basic principles, concepts, and methodology of a professional or

administrative occupation, and skill in applying this knowledge in carrying out elementary assignments, operations, or

procedures;

OR

In addition to the practical knowledge of standard procedures in Level 4, practical knowledge of technical methods

to perform assignments such as carrying out limited projects

that involve use of specialized, complicated techniques;

OR

Advanced knowledge of a blue-collar skill to solve unusually complex problems;

OR

Equivalent knowledge and skill.

6. Knowledge of the principles, concepts, and methodology

of a professional or administrative occupation, as described

at Level 5, that has been either: (a) Supplemented by skill

gained through job experience to permit independent per-
185

formance of recurring assignments, or (b) supplemented by

expanded professional or administrative knowledge, gained

through relevant graduate study or experience, that has provided skill in carrying out assignments, operations, and procedures in the occupation that are significantly more difficult and complex than those covered by Level 5;

OR

Practical knowledge of a wide range of technical methods,

principles, and practices similar to a narrow area of a professional field, and skill in applying this knowledge to such

assignments as the design and planning of difficult, but wellprecedented projects;

OR

Equivalent knowledge and skill.

7. Knowledge of a wide range of concepts, principles, and

practices in a professional or administrative occupation, such

as would be gained through extended graduate study or

experience, and skill in applying this knowledge to difficult

and complex work assignments;

OR

A comprehensive, intensive, practical knowledge of a technical field and skill in applying this knowledge to the development of new methods, approaches, or procedures;

OR

Equivalent knowledge and skill.

8. Mastery of a professional or administrative field to:

Apply experimental theories and new developments to problems not susceptible to treatment by accepted methods;

OR

Make decisions or recommendations significantly changing,

interpreting, or developing important policies or programs;

OR

Equivalent knowledge and skill.

9. Mastery of a professional field to generate and develop

new hypotheses and theories;

OR

Equivalent knowledge and skill.

SUPERVISION RECEIVED covers the nature and extent

of direct or indirect controls exercised by the supervisor, the

employee’s responsibility, and the review of completed work.

Controls are exercised by the supervisor in the way assignments are made, instructions are given to the employee, priorities and deadlines are set, and objectives and boundaries

are defined. Responsibility of the employee depends upon

the extent to which the employee is expected to develop the

sequence and timing of various aspects of the work, to modify

or recommend modification of instructions, and to participate in establishing priorities and defining objectives. The

degree of review of completed work depends upon the

nature and extent of the review, e.g., close and detailed

review of each phase of the assignment; detailed review of

the finished assignment; spot-check of finished work for

accuracy; or review only for adherence to policy.

1. For both one-of-a-kind and repetitive tasks, the supervisor makes specific assignments that are accompanied by clear,

detailed, and specific instructions.

The employee works as instructed and consults with the

supervisor as needed on all matters not specifically covered

in the original instructions or guidelines.

For all positions, the work is closely controlled. For some

positions, the control is through the structured nature of the

work itself; for others, it may be controlled by the circumstances in which it is performed. In some situations, the

supervisor maintains control through review of the work,

which may include checking progress or reviewing completed work for accuracy, adequacy, and adherence to instructions and established procedures.

2. The supervisor provides continuing or individual assignments by indicating generally what is to be done, limitations, quality and quantity expected, deadlines, and priority

of assignments. The supervisor provides additional, specific

instructions for new, difficult, or unusual assignments including suggested work methods or advice on source material available.

The employee uses initiative in carrying out recurring

assignments independently without specific instruction, but

refers deviations, problems, and unfamiliar situations not

covered by instructions to the supervisor for decision or help.

The supervisor assures that finished work and methods

used are technically accurate and in compliance with instructions or established procedures. Review of the work

increases with more difficult assignments if the employee

has not previously performed similar assignments.

3. The supervisor makes assignments by defining objectives,

priorities, and deadlines; and assists employee with unusual

situations that do not have clear precedents.

The employee plans and carries out the successive steps

and handles problems and deviations in the work assignment in accordance with instructions, policies, previous training, or accepted practices in the occupation.

Completed work usually is evaluated for technical soundness, appropriateness, and conformity to policy and requirements. The methods used in arriving at the end results are

not usually reviewed in detail.

4. The supervisor sets the overall objectives and resources

available. The employee and supervisor, in consultation,

develop the deadlines, projects, and work to be done.

At this level, the employee, having developed expertise

in the line of work, is responsible for planning and carrying

out the assignment; resolving most of the conflicts that arise;

coordinating the work with others as necessary; and interpreting policy on own initiative in terms of established

objectives. In some assignments, the employee also deter-
186

mines the approach to be taken and the methodology to be

used. The employee keeps the supervisor informed of

progress, potentially controversial matters, or far-reaching

implications.

Completed work is reviewed only from an overall standpoint in terms of feasibility, compatibility with other work,

or effectiveness in meeting requirements or expected results.

5. The supervisor provides administrative direction with

assignments in terms of broadly defined missions or functions.

The employee has responsibility for planning, designing, and carrying out programs, projects, studies, or other

work independently.

Results of the work are considered as technically authoritative and are normally accepted without significant change.

If the work should be reviewed, the review concerns such

matters as fulfillment of program objectives, effect of advice

and influence on the overall program, or the contribution to

the advancement of technology. Recommendations for new

projects and alteration of objectives usually are evaluated

for such considerations as availability of funds and other

resources, broad program goals, or priorities.

GUIDELINES covers the nature of guidelines and the judgment needed to apply them. Guidelines used include, for

example: Desk manuals, established procedures and policies, traditional practices, and reference materials such as

dictionaries, style manuals, engineering handbooks, and the

pharmacopoeia.

Individual jobs in different occupations vary in the specificity, applicability and availability of the guidelines for performance of assignments. Consequently, the constraints and

judgmental demands placed upon employees also vary. For

example, the existence of specific instructions, procedures, and

policies may limit the opportunity of the employee to make or

recommend decisions or actions. However, in the absence of

procedures or under broadly stated objectives, employees in

some occupations may use considerable judgment in researching literature and developing new methods.

Guidelines should not be confused with the forms of

knowledge described under Factor 1, Knowledge. Guidelines either provide reference data or impose certain constraints on the use of knowledge. For example, in the field

of medical technology, there may be three or four standardized tests for a particular diagnosis set forth in a technical

manual. A medical technologist is expected to know these

diagnostic tests. However, in a given laboratory, the policy

may be to use only one of the tests; or the policy may state

specifically under what conditions one or the other of these

tests may be used.

1. Specific, detailed guidelines covering all important aspects of the assignment are provided to the employee. The

employee works in strict adherence to the guidelines; deviations must be authorized by the supervisor.

2. Procedures for doing the work have been established and

a number of specific guidelines are available.

The number and similarity of guidelines and work situations require the employee to use judgment in locating and

selecting the most appropriate guidelines, references, and

procedures for application, and in making minor deviations

to adapt the guidelines in specific cases. At this level, the

employee may also determine which of several established

alternatives to use. Situations to which the existing guidelines cannot be applied or significant proposed deviations

from the guidelines are referred to the supervisor.

3. Guidelines are available, but are not completely applicable to the work or have gaps in specificity.

The employee uses judgment in interpreting and adapting guidelines such as policies, regulations, precedents, and

work directions for application to specific cases or problems.

The employee analyzes results and recommends changes.

4. Administrative policies and precedents are applicable but

are stated in general terms. Guidelines for performing the

work are scarce or of limited use.

The employee uses initiative and resourcefulness in

deviating from traditional methods or researching trends and

patterns to develop new methods, criteria, or proposed new

policies.

5. Guidelines are broadly stated and nonspecific, e.g., broad

policy statements and basic legislation that require extensive interpretation.

The employee must use judgment and ingenuity in interpreting the intent of the guidelines that do exist and in developing applications to specific areas of work. Frequently,

the employee is recognized as a technical authority in the

development and interpretation of guidelines.

COMPLEXITY covers the nature, number, variety, and

intricacy of tasks, steps, processes, or methods in the work

performed; the difficulty in identifying what needs to be done;

and the difficulty and originality involved in performing the

work.

1. The work consists of tasks that are clear-cut and directly

related.

There is little or no choice to be made in deciding what

needs to be done.

Actions to be taken or responses to be made are readily

discernible. The work is quickly mastered.

2. The work consists of duties that involve related steps,

processes, or methods.

The decision regarding what needs to be done involves

various choices requiring the employee to recognize the existence of and differences among a few easily recognizable

situations.

Actions to be taken or responses to be made differ in re-
187

gard to such things as the source of information, the kind of

transactions or entries, or other matters of a factual nature.

3. The work includes various duties involving different and

unrelated processes and methods.

The decision regarding what needs to be done depends

upon the analysis of the subject, phase, or issues involved in

each assignment, and the chosen course of action may have

to be selected from many alternatives.

The work involves conditions and elements that must be

identified and analyzed to discern interrelationships.

4. The work typically includes varied duties requiring many

different and unrelated processes and methods, such as those

relating to well-established aspects of an administrative or

professional field.

Decisions regarding what needs to be done include the

assessment of unusual circumstances, variations in approach,

and incomplete or conflicting data.

The work requires making many decisions concerning

such things as the interpreting of considerable data, planning of the work, or refining the methods and techniques to

be used.

5. The work includes varied duties requiring many different

and unrelated processes and methods applied to a broad range

of activities or substantial depth of analysis, typically for an

administrative or professional field.

Decisions regarding what needs to be done include major

areas of uncertainty in approach, methodology, or interpretation and evaluation processes resulting from such elements

as continuing changes in program, technological developments, unknown phenomena, or conflicting requirements.

The work requires originating new techniques, establishing criteria, or developing new information.

6. The work consists of broad functions and processes of an

administrative or professional field. Assignments are characterized by breadth and intensity of effort and involve several phases being pursued concurrently or sequentially with

the support of others within or outside of the organization.

Decisions regarding what needs to be done include largely

undefined issues and elements, requiring extensive probing

and analysis to determine the nature and scope of the problems.

The work requires continuing efforts to establish concepts,

theories, or programs, or to resolve unyielding problems.

SCOPE AND EFFECT covers the relationship between the

nature of the work, i.e., the purpose, breadth, and depth of

the assignment, and the effect of work products or services

both within and outside the organization.

Effect measures such things as whether the work output

facilitates the work of others, provides timely services of a

personal nature, or affects the adequacy of research conclusions. The concept of effect alone does not provide sufficient

information to properly understand and evaluate the impact

of the position. The scope of the work completes the picture,

allowing consistent evaluations. Only the effect of properly

performed work is to be considered.

1. The work involves the performance of specific, routine

operations that include a few separate tasks or procedures.

The work product or service is required to facilitate the

work of others; however, it has little impact beyond the immediate organizational unit or beyond the timely provision

of limited services to others.

2. The work involves the execution of specific rules, regulations, or procedures and typically comprises a complete segment of an assignment or project of broader scope.

The work product or service affects the accuracy, reliability, or acceptability of further processes or services.

3. The work involves treating a variety of conventional problems, questions, or situations in conformance with established criteria.

The work product or service affects the design or operation of systems, programs, or equipment; the adequacy of

such activities as field investigations, testing operations, or

research conclusions; or the social, physical, and economic

well-being of persons.

4. The work involves establishing criteria; formulating

projects; assessing program effectiveness; or investigating

or analyzing variety of unusual conditions, problems, or

questions.

The work product or service affects a wide range of

establishment activities, major activities of industrial concerns, or the operation of other organizations.

5. The work involves isolating and defining unknown conditions, resolving critical problems, or developing new theories.

The work product or service affects the work of other experts, the development of major aspects of administrative or

scientific programs or missions, or the well-being of substantial numbers of people.

6. The work involves planning, developing, and carrying

out vital administrative or scientific programs.

 The programs are essential to the missions of the overall

organization or affect large numbers of people on a longterm or continuing basis.

PERSONAL CONTACTS includes face-to-face contacts

and telephone and radio dialogue with persons not in the

supervisory chain. (NOTE: Personal contacts with supervisors are covered under Factor 2, Supervision Received.)

Levels described under this factor are based on what is required to make the initial contact, the difficulty of communicating with those contacted, and the setting in which the
188

contact takes place (e.g., the degree to which the employee

and those contacted recognize their relative roles and

authorities).

Above the lowest level, points should be credited under

this factor only for contacts that are essential for successful

performance of the work, and that have a demonstrable

impact on the difficulty and responsibility of the work performed.

The relationship of Factors 6 (Personal Contacts) and 7

(Purpose of Contacts) presumes that the same contacts will

be evaluated for both factors. Therefore, the personal contacts that serve as the basis for the level selected for Factor 7

are used as the basis for selecting a level for Factor 6.

1. The personal contacts are with employees within the immediate organization, office, project, or work unit, and in

related or support units;

AND/OR

The contacts are with members of the general public in very

highly structured situations (e.g., the purpose of the contact

and the question of whom to deal with are relatively clear).

Typical of contacts at this level are purchases of admission

tickets at a ticket window.

2. The personal contacts are with employees in the same

overall organization, but outside the immediate organization. People contacted generally are engaged in different

functions, missions, and kinds of work, and might include

representatives from various levels within the overall organizations such as headquarters, district offices, or local offices, plants, stores, or other operating units in the immediate installation;

AND/OR

The contacts are with members of the general public, as individuals or groups, in a moderately structured setting (e.g.,

the contacts are generally established on a routine basis, usually at the employee’s work place; the exact purpose of the

contact may be unclear at first to one or more of the parties;

and one or more of the parties may be uninformed concerning the role and authority of other participants).

3. The personal contacts are with individuals or groups from

outside the employing establishment in a moderately unstructured setting (e.g., the contacts are not established on a

routine basis; the purpose and extent of each contact are

different and the role and authority of each party are identified and developed during the course of the contact). Typical of contacts at this level are those with persons in their

capacities as attorneys; contractors; or representatives of

professional organizations, the news media, or public

action groups.

4. The personal contacts are with high-ranking officials from

outside the employing establishment at national or international levels in highly unstructured settings (e.g., contacts

are characterized by problems such as: the officials may be

relatively inaccessible; arrangements may have to be made

for accompanying staff members; appointments may have

to be made well in advance; each party may be very unclear

as to the role and authority of the other; and each contact

may be conducted under different ground rules). Typical of

contacts at this level are those with presidents of large national or international firms, nationally recognized representatives of the news media, presidents of national unions,

members of Congress, leading representatives of foreign

governments, State governors, or mayors of large cities.

PURPOSE OF CONTACTS ranges from factual exchanges

of information to situations involving significant or controversial issues and differing viewpoints, goals, or objectives.

The personal contacts that serve as the basis for the level

selected for this factor must be the same as the contacts that

are the basis for the level selected for Factor 6.

1. The purpose is to obtain, clarify, or give facts or information, regardless of the nature of those facts, i.e., the facts or

information may range from easily understood to highly technical.

2. The purpose is to plan, coordinate, or advise on work

efforts or to resolve operating problems by influencing or

motivating individuals or groups who are working toward

mutual goals and who have basically cooperative attitudes.

3. The purpose is to influence, motivate, convince, or question persons or groups. Those contacted may be hesitant or

skeptical, so the employee must be skillful in approaching

the individual or group in order to obtain the desired response;

OR

The purpose is to interrogate or control persons or groups

who may be fearful, uncooperative, or dangerous. Therefore, the employee must be skillful in approaching the individual or group in order to obtain the desired effect, such as

gaining compliance with established policies and regulations

by persuasion or negotiation, or gaining information by establishing rapport with a suspicious informant.

4. The purpose is to justify, defend, negotiate, or settle matters involving significant or controversial issues. Work at

this level usually involves active participation in conferences,

meetings, hearings, or presentations involving problems or

issues of considerable consequence or importance. The persons contacted typically have diverse viewpoints, goals, or

objectives requiring the employee to achieve a common understanding of the problem and a satisfactory solution by

convincing them, arriving at a compromise, or developing

suitable alternatives.

PHYSICAL DEMANDS covers the requirements and

physical demands placed on the employee by the work assignment. This includes physical characteristics and abili-
189

ties (e.g., specific agility and dexterity requirements) and

the physical exertion involved in the work (e.g., climbing,

lifting, pushing, balancing, stooping, kneeling, crouching,

crawling, or reaching). To some extent, the frequency or

intensity of physical exertion must also be considered, e.g.,

a job requiring prolonged standing involves more physical

exertion than a job requiring intermittent standing.

1. The work is sedentary. Typically, the employee may sit

comfortably to do the work. However, there may be some

walking; standing; bending; carrying of light items such as

papers, books, or small parts; driving an automobile, etc.

No special physical demands are required to perform the

work.

2. The work requires some physical exertion, such as long

periods of standing; walking over rough, uneven, or rocky

surfaces; recurring bending, crouching, stooping, stretching, reaching, or similar activities; recurring lifting of moderately heavy items such as personal computers and record

boxes. The work may require specific, but common, physical characteristics and abilities such as above-average agility and dexterity.

3. The work requires considerable and strenuous physical

exertion such as frequent climbing of tall ladders, lifting

heavy objects over 50 pounds, crouching or crawling in

restricted areas, and defending oneself or others against

physical attack.

WORK ENVIRONMENT considers the risks and discomforts in the employee’s physical surroundings or the nature

of the work assignment and the safety regulations required.

Although the use of safety precautions can practically eliminate a certain danger or discomfort, such situations typically place additional demands upon the employee in complying with safety regulations and techniques.

1. The work environment involves everyday risks or discomforts that require normal safety precautions typical of

such places as offices, meeting and training rooms, libraries, and residences or commercial vehicles, e.g., use of safe

work practices with office equipment, avoidance of trips and

falls, observance of fire regulations and traffic.

2. The work involves moderate risks or discomforts that

require special safety precautions, e.g., working around moving parts, carts, or machines; with contagious diseases or

irritant chemicals; etc. Employees may be required to use

protective clothing or gear such as masks, gowns, coats,

boots, goggles, gloves, or shields.

3. The work environment involves high risks of exposure to

potentially dangerous situations or unusual environmental

stress that require a range of safety and other precautions,

e.g., working at great heights under extreme outdoor weather

conditions, subject to possible physical attack or mob conditions, or in similar situations where conditions cannot be

controlled.

SUPERVISORY DUTIES describes the level of supervisory responsibility for a position.

1. No supervisory responsibility.

2. A nonsupervisory position. Incumbent sets the pace of

work for the group and shows other workers in the group

how to perform assigned tasks. Commonly performs the same

work as the group, in addition to lead duties. Can also be

called group leader, team leader, or lead worker.

3. Directs staff through face to face meetings. Organizational

structure is not complex and internal and administrative

procedures are simple. Performing the same work as subordinates is not the principal duty. Typically, this is the first

supervisory level.

4. Directs staff through intermediate supervisors. Internal

procedures and administrative controls are formal. Organizational structure is complex and is divided into subordinate groups that may differ from each other as to subject

matter and function.

5. Directs staff through two or more subordinate supervisory levels with several subdivisions at each level. Programs

are usually interlocked on a direct and continuing basis with

other organizational segments, requiring constant attention

to extensive formal coordination, clearances, and procedural

controls.
190

Appendix D.

Evaluating Your Firm’s Jobs

To compare data on their firm’s jobs with statistics contained in this bulletin, data users need to be able todetermine their jobs’ work levels. Using the example

of a dental hygienist, this appendix will go through the procedure for determining the work level of a particular job.

 To determine the work level of a job, it must be evaluated

using the generic leveling factors. With the information available, such as a written position description and other knowledge of the job, each factor must be reviewed. Comparing

that information to the descriptions of each level within a

factor as shown in Appendix C, the level best matching the

job should be chosen and recorded. (Note that the number of

levels varies by factor.)

Generic leveling: an example

Knowledge

Hygienist must have a dental hygienist license, which

requires 2 years of schooling and passage of a technical exam.

This is a mid-level hygienist job, which means that a worker

must have at least 3 years of experience. The procedures are

essentially the same every day, such as cleaning teeth, checking gums, and taking x-rays.

Level 4.

Supervision received

Most of the tasks are performed without supervision. For

more complicated procedures, such as tooth filling, the dental hygienist assists the dentist.

Level 2.

Guidelines

A hygienist knows which procedure to use for different dental problems. Unusual situations are handled after checking

with the supervisor.

Level 2.

Complexity

Each procedure performed leads to the next, for example,

examining gums, scraping plaque, then cleaning teeth.

Level 2.

Scope and effect

In terms of process, the dentist’s work follows the hygienist’s.

In terms of effect, the hygienist’s doing a thorough cleaning

in preparation for the dentist’s work allows the dentist to do

a complete exam and properly treat the patient.

Level 2.

Personal contacts

Patients come to the clinic or, occasionally, the hygienist

will travel to perform work or give a talk at a school.

Level 2.

Purpose of contacts

Most of hygienist’s interaction is with patients; no planning

or coordination work is involved.

Level 1.

Physical demands

The work is sedentary.

Level 1.

Work environment

Hygienist must take precautions not to be exposed to x-rays,

punctures, etc.

Level 2.

Supervisory duties

A dental hygienist at this level does not supervise anyone.

Level 1.

Assigning points

Once the correct level has been identified within each factor, the points associated with each level are recorded. Summing the points for all factors gives the total points for the

job. Using the factors above and the table at the end of this

section showing the points associated with each level within

a factor, a sample worksheet was filled out for the dental

hygienist position.
191

Point ranges by work level

Range of Generic Level Points

Level Low High

1 190 254

2 255 454

3 455 654

4 655 854

5 855 1,104

6 1,105 1,354

7 1,355 1,604

8 1,605 1,854

9 1,855 2,104

10 2,105 2,354

11 2,355 2,754

12 2,755 3,154

13 3,155 3,604

14 3,605 4,054

15 4,055

and up

Comparing wages

Once the work level has been identified for a job, wages for

that job can be compared to wages for similar jobs at the

same work level. BLS publishes hourly wage rates by work

level within nine major occupational groups, which are combinations of similar individual occupations. The groups and

work levels available vary by area. Employers also can use

the data on work levels to compare different jobs in their

establishment.

Points associated with each factor level

Factor 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

Knowledge 50 200 350 550 750 950 1,250 1,550 1,850

Supervision received 25 125 275 450 650 X X X X

Guidelines 25 125 275 450 650 X X X X

Complexity 25 75 150 225 325 450 X X X

Scope and effect 25 75 150 225 325 450 X X X

Personal contacts 10 25 60 110 X X X X X

Purpose of contacts 20 50 120 220 X X X X X

Physical demands 5 20 50 X X X X X X

Work environment 5 20 50 X X X X X X

Supervisory duties 0 0 0 0 0 X X X X

Note: X indicates that a level is not associated with a given factor. For

example, for physical demands, point levels 1, 2, and 3 are the only choices.

Generic leveling worksheet

Company job title: Dental Hygienist

Factor Level Points

Knowledge 4 550

Supervision received 2 125

Guidelines 2 125

Complexity 2 75

Scope and effect 2 75

Personal contacts 2 25

Purpose of contacts 1 20

Physical demands 1 5

Work environment 2 20

Supervisory duties 1 0

Total 5 1,020

Determining the work level

The following chart takes the point total determined using

the worksheet and converts it to an overall work level for the

job. There are 15 work levels, based on those used to rank

Federal civil service white-collar jobs, each identified by a

point range. The 1,020 total points for the dental hygienist

job puts it in level 5.
192

Census Division and States

NEW ENGLAND MIDDLE EAST NORTH WEST NORTH

ATLANTIC1 CENTRAL2 CENTRAL3

Connecticut New Jersey Illinois Iowa

Maine New York Indiana Kansas

Massachusetts Pennsylvania Michigan Minnesota

New Hampshire Ohio Missouri

Rhode Island Wisconsin Nebraska

Vermont North Dakota

 South Dakota

SOUTH ATLANTIC EAST SOUTH WEST SOUTH MOUNTAIN

CENTRAL4 CENTRAL

Delaware Alabama Arkansas Arizona

District of Columbia Kentucky Louisiana Colorado

Florida Mississippi Oklahoma Idaho

Georgia Tennessee Texas Montana

Maryland Nevada

North Carolina New Mexico

South Carolina Utah

Virginia Wyoming

West Virginia

PACIFIC

Alaska

California

Hawaii

Oregon

Washington

Appendix E:

Census Divisions and Survey Areas

This appendix lists the nine census divisions, the States included in each division, and

the 154 metropolitan and nonmetropolitan areas surveyed under the NCS.

1 The Middle Atlantic census division also includes the New York, NY,

Consolidated Metropolitan Statistical Area (which comprises parts of New York,

New Jersey, Connecticut, and Pennsylvania), and the Philadelphia, PA, Consolidated Metropolitan Statistical Area (which comprises parts of Pennsylvania, New Jersey, Delaware, and Maryland). 2 The East North Central census division also includes the Cincinnati, OH,

Consolidated Metropolitan Statistical Area, which comprises parts of Ohio,

Kentucky, and Indiana.

3 The West North Central census division also includes the St. Louis, MO,

Consolidated Metropolitan Statistical Area, which comprises parts of Missouri and Illinois, and the Minneapolis-St. Paul, MN, Metropolitan Statistical

Area which comprises parts of Minnesota and Wisconsin. 4 The East South Central census division also includes the Louisville, KY,

Metropolitan Statistical Area, which comprises parts of Kentucky and Indiana, and the Memphis, TN, Metropolitan Statistical Area, which comprises

parts of Tennessee, Arkansas, and Mississippi.
193

Survey areas Geographic coverage5

AMARILLO, TX* MSA

ANCHORAGE, AK* MSA

ANDREWS, TX* COUNTY

ATLANTA, GA* MSA

AUGUSTA-AIKEN, GA-SC* MSA

AUSTIN-SAN MARCOS, TX* MSA

BANNOCK, ID COUNTY

BIRMINGHAM, AL* MSA

BLOOMINGTON, IN* MSA

BLOOMINGTON-NORMAL, IL* MSA

BOSTON-WORCESTER-LAWRENCE, MA-NH-ME-CT* CMSA

BRADLEY, TN COUNTY

BROWNSVILLE-HARLINGEN-SAN BENITO, TX* MSA

BUFFALO-NIAGARA FALLS, NY* MSA

CARSON CITY, NV COUNTY

CHARLESTON-NORTH CHARLESTON, SC* MSA

CHARLOTTE-GASTONIA-ROCK HILL, NC-SC* MSA

CHESHIRE, NH COUNTY

CHEYENNE, CO COUNTY

CHICAGO-GARY-KENOSHA, IL-IN-WI* CMSA

CHOCTAW, AL COUNTY

CINCINNATI-HAMILTON, OH-KY-IN* CMSA

CITRUS, FL COUNTY

CLATSOP, OR COUNTY

CLEVELAND-AKRON, OH* CMSA

CLINTON, IA COUNTY

CLINTON, NY COUNTY

COLUMBIA, NY COUNTY

COLUMBUS, OH* MSA

CORPUS CHRISTI, TX* MSA

CRAVEN, NC COUNTY

CROOK, OR COUNTY

DALLAS-FORT WORTH, TX* CMSA

DAYTON-SPRINGFIELD, OH* MSA

DECATUR, GA COUNTY

DELTA, MI* COUNTY

DENVER-BOULDER-GREELEY, CO* CMSA

DES MOINES, IA COUNTY

DETROIT-ANN ARBOR-FLINT, MI* CMSA

DORCHESTER, MD COUNTY

ELKHART-GOSHEN, IN* MSA

FAIRBANKS-NORTH STAR, AK COUNTY

FERGUS, MT COUNTY

FOND DU LAC, WI COUNTY

FORT COLLINS-LOVELAND, CO* MSA
194

FRANKLIN, VA COUNTY

FREEBORN, MN COUNTY

GEORGETOWN, SC COUNTY

GILLESPIE, TX* COUNTY

GOODHUE, MN COUNTY

GRAFTON, NH COUNTY

GRAND RAPIDS-MUSKEGON-HOLLAND, MI* MSA

GREAT FALLS, MT* MSA

GREEN LAKE, WI COUNTY

GREENSBORO—WINSTON-SALEM—HIGH POINT, NC* MSA

GREENVILLE-SPARTANBURG-ANDERSON, SC* MSA

GREENWOOD, SC COUNTY

GRIGGS, ND COUNTY

HARRISON, KY* COUNTY

HARTFORD, CT * MSA

HENDERSON, IL COUNTY

HENRY, AL COUNTY

HICKORY-MORGANTON-LENOIR, NC* MSA

HONOLULU, HI* MSA

HOUSTON-GALVESTON-BRAZORIA, TX* CMSA

HUNTSVILLE, AL* MSA

INDIANAPOLIS, IN* MSA

IOWA CITY, IA MSA

JEFFERSON, IN COUNTY

JOHNSTOWN, PA* MSA

JUNEAU, AK COUNTY

JUNEAU, WI COUNTY

KALAMAZOO-BATTLE CREEK, MI* MSA

KANSAS CITY, MO-KS* MSA

KAUAI, HI COUNTY

KNOXVILLE, TN* MSA

LEE, MS COUNTY

LEWIS, MO COUNTY

LIBERTY, GA COUNTY

LINCOLN, NE* MSA

LINCOLN, WY COUNTY

LOGAN, NE COUNTY

LOS ANGELES-RIVERSIDE-ORANGE COUNTY, CA* CMSA

LOUISVILLE, KY-IN* MSA

MADISON, NE COUNTY

MARSHALL, IN COUNTY

MELBOURNE-TITUSVILLE-PALM BAY, FL* MSA

MEMPHIS, TN-AR-MS* MSA

MIAMI-FORT LAUDERDALE, FL* CMSA

MILWAUKEE-RACINE, WI* CMSA

Survey areas Geographic coverage5
195

MINNEAPOLIS-ST. PAUL, MN-WI* MSA

MOBILE, AL* MSA

MONROE, OH COUNTY

MONTGOMERY, VA COUNTY

MOORE, NC COUNTY

MORGAN, IL COUNTY

NEW ORLEANS, LA* MSA

NEW YORK-NORTHERN NEW JERSEY-LONG ISLAND, NY-NJ-CT-PA* CMSA

NORFOLK-VIRGINIA BEACH-NEWPORT NEWS, VA-NC* MSA

NORTHUMBERLAND, PA COUNTY

OCALA, FL* MSA

OKLAHOMA CITY, OK* MSA

ORANGE, VT COUNTY

ORLANDO, FL* MSA

PALO PINTO, TX COUNTY

PANOLA, TX* COUNTY

PHILADELPHIA-WILMINGTON-ATLANTIC CITY, PA-NJ-DE-MD* CMSA

PHOENIX-MESA, AZ* MSA

PITTSBURGH, PA* MSA

POLK, NC* COUNTY

POPE, AR COUNTY

PORTLAND-SALEM, OR-WA* CMSA

PRAIRIE, AR COUNTY

PROVIDENCE-FALL RIVER-WARWICK, RI-MA* MSA

RALEIGH-DURHAM-CHAPEL HILL, NC* MSA

READING, PA* MSA

RENO, NV * MSA

RICHLAND-KENNEWICK-PASCO, WA* MSA

RICHMOND-PETERSBURG, VA* MSA

ROCHESTER, NY* MSA

ROCKFORD, IL* MSA

SACRAMENTO-YOLO, CA* CMSA

SALINAS, CA* MSA

SAN ANTONIO, TX* MSA

SAN DIEGO, CA* MSA

SAN FRANCISCO-OAKLAND-SAN JOSE, CA* CMSA

SAUK, WI COUNTY

SEATTLE-TACOMA-BREMERTON, WA* CMSA

SENECA, OH COUNTY

SEWARD, NE COUNTY

SKAGIT, WA COUNTY

SPRINGFIELD, MA* MSA

SPRINGFIELD, MO* MSA

ST. FRANCIS, AR COUNTY

ST. LAWRENCE, NY COUNTY

Survey areas Geographic coverage5
196

ST. LOUIS, MO-IL* MSA

TALLAHASSEE, FL* MSA

TAMA, IA COUNTY

TAMPA-ST. PETERSBURG-CLEARWATER, FL* MSA

TATTNALL, GA* COUNTY

TAYLOR, KY COUNTY

TUNICA, MS COUNTY

VERMILION, LA PARISH

VISALIA-TULARE-PORTERVILLE, CA* MSA

WARD, ND COUNTY

WASCO, OR* COUNTY

WASHINGTON, GA COUNTY

WASHINGTON-BALTIMORE, DC-MD-VA-WV* CMSA

WAYNE, OH COUNTY

WAYNE, TN COUNTY

WINSTON, MS* COUNTY

YAVAPAI, AZ COUNTY

YORK, PA* MSA

YOUNGSTOWN-WARREN, OH* MSA

5 Metropolitan areas are either Metropolitan Statistical Areas (MSA’s) or

Consolidated Metropolitan Statistical Areas (CMSA’s). Nonmetropolitan areas are identified as counties or parishes. Asterisk (*) indicates that results

have been published for the locality. Data for other areas did not meet publication standards. The geographical definitions of published metropolitan area

surveys are available on the Internet. The address is: http://www.bls.gov/

compub.htm.

Survey areas Geographic coverage5