Internet address:  http://stats.bls.gov/newsrels.htm
Technical information:             USDL 99-240
  Household data:  (202) 606-6378

                                   Transmission of material in this release is
  Establishment data:    606-6555  embargoed until 8:30 A.M. (EDT),
Media contact:           606-5902  Friday, September 3, 1999.
                                     
                                     
                  THE EMPLOYMENT SITUATION:  AUGUST 1999

                                     
   Payroll employment rose modestly in August, and the unemployment rate
was essentially unchanged at 4.2 percent, the Bureau of Labor Statistics of
the U.S. Department of Labor reported today.  Nonfarm payroll employment
increased by 124,000, following a much larger gain in July.  August job
growth was slightly below average in the service-producing sector, and
manufacturing and construction both lost jobs.
   
Unemployment (Household Survey Data)
   
   The number of unemployed persons, 5.9 million, and the unemployment
rate, 4.2 percent, were essentially unchanged in August.  The rate has been
4.2 or 4.3 percent each month since March.  Over the month, the jobless
rates for adult women (3.7 percent) and blacks (7.8 percent) declined,
while the rates for adult men (3.6 percent), teenagers (13.5 percent),
whites (3.7 percent), and Hispanics (6.5 percent) showed little or no
change.  (See tables A-1 and A-2.)
   
Total Employment and the Labor Force (Household Survey Data)
   
   The civilian labor force, 139.3 million, and the labor force
participation rate, 66.9 percent, were about unchanged from July.  Total
employment was virtually unchanged at 133.4 million, and the employment-
population ratio remained at 64.1 percent.  (See table A-1.)
   
   About 7.3 million persons (not seasonally adjusted) held more than one
job in August.  These multiple jobholders represented 5.4 percent of the
total employed, compared to 5.6 percent a year earlier.  (See table A-10.)
   
Persons Not in the Labor Force (Household Survey Data)
   
   About 1.1 million persons (not seasonally adjusted) were marginally
attached to the labor force in August.  These were people who wanted and
were available to work and had looked for a job sometime in the prior 12
months but were not counted as unemployed because they had not searched for
work in the 4 weeks preceding the survey.  The number of discouraged
workers--a subset of the marginally attached who were not currently looking
for work specifically because they believed no jobs were available for
them--was 265,000 in August, essentially unchanged from a year earlier.
(See table A-10.)

                                  - 2 -

Table A.  Major indicators of labor market activity, seasonally adjusted
(Numbers in thousands)
___________________________________________________________________________
                      |    Quarterly    |       Monthly data       |
                      |    averages     |                          |
                      |_________________|__________________________| July-
      Category        |      1999       |           1999           | Aug.
                      |_________________|________ _________________|change
                      |   I    |   II   |  June  |  July  |  Aug.  |
______________________|________|________|________|________|________|_______
    HOUSEHOLD DATA    |                 Labor force status
                      |____________________________________________________
Civilian labor force..| 139,144| 139,173| 139,408| 139,254| 139,264|     10
  Employment..........| 133,191| 133,242| 133,432| 133,307| 133,411|    104
  Unemployment........|   5,953|   5,931|   5,975|   5,947|   5,853|    -94
Not in labor force....|  67,732|  68,259|  68,225|  68,574|  68,774|    200
                      |________|________|________|________|________|_______
                      |                 Unemployment rates
                      |____________________________________________________
All workers...........|     4.3|     4.3|     4.3|     4.3|     4.2|   -0.1
  Adult men...........|     3.4|     3.5|     3.6|     3.5|     3.6|     .1
  Adult women.........|     3.8|     3.9|     3.9|     4.0|     3.7|    -.3
  Teenagers...........|    14.6|    13.4|    13.5|    12.7|    13.5|     .8
  White...............|     3.7|     3.8|     3.8|     3.7|     3.7|     .0
  Black...............|     8.0|     7.5|     7.3|     8.8|     7.8|   -1.0
  Hispanic origin.....|     6.4|     6.8|     6.8|     6.2|     6.5|     .3
                      |________|________|________|________|________|_______
 ESTABLISHMENT DATA   |                     Employment
                      |____________________________________________________
Nonfarm employment....| 127,640| 128,246| 128,443|p128,781|p128,905|   p124
  Goods-producing 1/..|  25,310|  25,222|  25,180| p25,248| p25,153|   p-95
    Construction......|   6,213|   6,258|   6,258|  p6,272|  p6,243|   p-29
    Manufacturing.....|  18,542|  18,433|  18,396| p18,447| p18,384|   p-63
  Service-producing 1/| 102,331| 103,024| 103,263|p103,533|p103,752|   p219
    Retail trade......|  22,605|  22,756|  22,796| p22,895| p22,892|    p-3
    Services..........|  38,442|  38,810|  38,952| p39,030| p39,162|   p132
    Government........|  20,044|  20,094|  20,105| p20,156| p20,203|    p47
                      |________|________|________|________|________|_______
                      |                  Hours of work 2/
                      |____________________________________________________
Total private.........|    34.6|    34.4|    34.5|   p34.5|   p34.6|   p0.1
  Manufacturing.......|    41.6|    41.7|    41.7|   p41.9|   p41.7|   p-.2
    Overtime..........|     4.5|     4.5|     4.7|    p4.7|    p4.6|   p-.1
                      |________|________|________|________|________|_______
                      |    Indexes of aggregate weekly hours (1982=100) 2/
                      |____________________________________________________
Total private.........|   147.0|   147.3|   147.8|  p148.3|  p148.5|   p0.2
                      |________|________|________|________|________|_______
                      |                      Earnings 2/
                      |____________________________________________________
Avg. hourly earnings, |        |        |        |        |        |
  total private.......|  $13.07|  $13.19|  $13.24| p$13.28| p$13.30| p$0.02
Avg. weekly earnings, |        |        |        |        |        |
  total private.......|  451.79|  454.06|  456.78| p458.16| p460.18|  p2.02
______________________|________|________|________|________|________|_______
    1/ Includes other industries, not shown separately.
    2/ Data relate to private production or nonsupervisory workers.
    p=preliminary.
   
                                  - 3 -

Industry Payroll Employment (Establishment Survey Data)
   
   Total nonfarm employment rose by 124,000 in August to 128.9 million,
after seasonal adjustment.  This follows a much sharper increase (338,000)
in July.  The average growth for these 2 months (231,000) was about in line
with the monthly average (210,000) during the first half of 1999.  In
August, employment growth in the service-producing sector was partly offset
by widespread losses in the goods-producing sector.  (See table B-1.)
   
   Employment in manufacturing decreased by 63,000 in August, following an
increase of 51,000 in July, after seasonal adjustment.  The August loss
would have been 7,000 larger if not for the return of workers to the
shipbuilding industry following the settlement of a strike that began
several months earlier.  The net manufacturing job loss over the two months
totaled 19,000, or 9,500 per month, after adjusting for the return of the
striking workers.  Over the first half of the year, manufacturing lost an
average of 36,000 jobs per month.  Electrical equipment had a net employment
increase of 8,000 over the past 2 months, compared with losses totaling
12,000 during the first half of the year.  Motor vehicles added 14,000
workers over July and August, substantially more than the 4,000 increase
over the prior 6 months combined.  Primary metals had a net 2-month job
gain of 2,000, compared with losses totaling 12,000 during the first half
of the year.  In contrast, several industries continued on their trend of
declining employment.  The largest job losses over the past 2 months were
in apparel (-16,000), industrial machinery (-11,000), aircraft (-7,000),
and food (-7,000).
   
   The construction industry lost 29,000 jobs in August.  This loss nearly
offset the total increase of the prior 2 months.  Over the month, the
largest decline was in special trades (-15,000).  General building
contractors lost 8,000 jobs, with residential construction accounting for
most of the decrease.
   
   Mining lost 3,000 jobs in August, following an increase of the same
magnitude in July.  Oil and gas extraction, which had accounted for most of
the job losses in mining between February 1998 and June 1999, has added a
small number of jobs over the past 2 months.
   
   In the service-producing sector, the services industry gained 132,000
jobs in August, slightly above the average growth for the prior 12 months
(121,000), but well above the increase in July (78,000).  Business services
accounted for about one-third of the increase.  Within business services,
employment in computer services grew by 15,000, its average for the first 
7 months of this year; help supply services, in contrast, grew by less than
its average.  Employment in health services grew by 19,000 in August.
Within health services, doctors' offices continued to grow, adding 5,000
jobs, and hospitals had its largest monthly employment increase so far this
year (6,000).  Over the month, employment was up sharply in both social
services (34,000) and amusement and recreation services (17,000), after
seasonal adjustment.
   
   In August, employment in transportation and public utilities grew by
12,000, less than the average for the first 7 months of this year.
August's job gain was equally divided between transportation and
communications.
   
   Employment in finance, insurance, and real estate also grew less in
August (11,000) than its average for the first 7 months of the year.  Most

                                  - 4 -

of the growth in August was in finance (8,000), with half of this increase
in securities brokerages.  Mortgage bankers and brokerages lost 2,000 jobs
for the third consecutive month, following 4 years of growth.
   
   Employment in retail trade changed little in August, following a
substantial rise in July.  Eating and drinking places lost 38,000 jobs in
August, following an increase of 74,000 in the prior month.  Several retail
trade industries added jobs in August, including food stores (11,000) and
automotive dealers (8,000).  Employment in wholesale trade increased by
20,000 in August, with the majority of the growth in durable goods
distribution (15,000).
   
   Government employment rose by 47,000 in August, after seasonal
adjustment, with growth concentrated in local education (25,000) and state
education (13,000).
   
Weekly Hours (Establishment Survey Data)
   
   The average workweek for production or nonsupervisory workers on
private nonfarm payrolls edged up 0.1 hour in August to 34.6 hours,
seasonally adjusted.  The manufacturing workweek declined by 0.2 hour to
41.7 hours, reversing July's increase; factory overtime was down 0.1 hour
to 4.6 hours.  (See table B-2.)
   
   The index of aggregate weekly hours of production or nonsupervisory
workers on private nonfarm payrolls rose by 0.1 percent to 148.5
(1982=100), seasonally adjusted.  The manufacturing index fell by 0.7
percent in August to 106.4.  (See table B-5.)
   
Hourly and Weekly Earnings (Establishment Survey Data)
   
   Average hourly earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers on
private nonfarm payrolls increased by 2 cents in August to $13.30,
seasonally adjusted.  This follows gains of 6 cents and 4 cents in June and
July, respectively.  Over the month, average weekly earnings rose by 0.4
percent to $460.18, seasonally adjusted.  Over the year, both average
hourly and weekly earnings rose by 3.5 percent.  (See table B-3.)
   
                      ______________________________
   
   The Employment Situation for September 1999 is scheduled to be released
on Friday, October 8, at 8:30 A.M. (EDT).
                                  - 5 -

Explanatory Note


 This news release presents statistics from two major surveys, the Current
Population Survey (household survey) and the Current Employment Statistics
survey (establishment survey).  The household survey provides the
information on the labor force, employment, and unemployment that appears
in the A tables, marked HOUSEHOLD DATA.  It is a sample survey of about
50,000 households  conducted by the Bureau of the Census  for the Bureau of
Labor Statistics (BLS).
 
 The establishment survey provides the information on the employment,
hours, and earnings of workers on nonfarm payrolls that appears in the B
tables, marked ESTABLISHMENT DATA.  This information is collected from
payroll records by BLS in cooperation with State agencies.  In June 1999,
the sample included about 390,000 establishments employing about 48 million
people.
 
 For both surveys, the data for a given month  relate to a particular week
or pay period.  In the household survey,  the reference week is generally
the calendar week that contains the 12th day of the month.  In the
establishment survey, the reference  period is the pay period including the
12th, which may or may not correspond directly to the calendar week.

Coverage, definitions, and differences between surveys
 
 Household survey.  The sample  is selected  to reflect the entire
civilian noninstitutional population.  Based on responses to a series of
questions on work and job search activities, each person  16 years and over
in a sample household is classified as employed, unemployed, or not in the
labor force.
 
 People are classified as employed if they did any work at all as paid
employees during the reference week; worked in their own business,
profession, or on their own farm; or worked without pay at least 15 hours
in a family business or farm.  People are also counted as employed if they
were  temporarily absent from their jobs because of illness, bad weather,
vacation, labor-management disputes, or personal reasons.
 
 People are classified as unemployed if they meet all of the following
criteria:  They had no employment during the  reference week; they were
available for work at that time; and they made specific efforts to find
employment sometime during the 4-week period ending with the reference
week.  Persons laid off from  a job and expecting recall   need not be
looking for work to be counted as unemployed.  The unemployment data
derived from the household survey in no way depend upon the eligibility for
or receipt of unemployment insurance benefits.
 
 The civilian labor force  is the sum of  employed and  unemployed
persons.  Those not classified as employed or unemployed are not in the
labor force.  The unemployment rate is the number unemployed as a percent
of the  labor force.  The labor force participation rate is the labor force
as a percent of the population, and the employment-population ratio is the
employed as a percent of the population.
 
 Establishment survey.  The sample establishments are drawn from private
nonfarm businesses such as factories, offices, and stores, as well as
Federal, State, and local government entities.  Employees on nonfarm
payrolls are those who received pay for any part of the reference pay
period, including persons on paid leave.  Persons are counted in each job
they hold.  Hours and earnings data are for private businesses and relate
only to production workers in the goods-producing sector and nonsupervisory
workers in the service-producing sector.

                                  - 6 -
 
 Differences in employment estimates.  The numerous conceptual and
methodological differences between the household and establishment surveys
result in important distinctions in the employment estimates derived from
the surveys.  Among these are:
 
 --The household survey includes agricultural workers, the self-employed,
unpaid family workers, and private household workers among the employed.
These groups are excluded from the establishment survey.

 --The household survey includes people on unpaid leave among the
employed. The establishment survey does not.
 
 --The household survey is limited to  workers 16 years of age and older.
The establishment survey is not limited by age.
 
 --The  household survey has no duplication of individuals, because
individuals  are counted only once, even if they hold more than one job. In
the establishment survey, employees working at more than one job  and thus
appearing on more than one payroll would be counted separately for each
appearance.
 
 Other differences between the two surveys are described in   "Comparing
Employment Estimates from Household and Payroll Surveys," which may be
obtained from BLS upon request.

Seasonal adjustment
 
 Over the course of a year, the size of the nation's labor force and the
levels of employment and unemployment undergo sharp fluctuations due to
such seasonal events as changes in weather, reduced or expanded production,
harvests, major holidays, and the opening and closing of schools.  The
effect of such seasonal  variation can  be  very large; seasonal
fluctuations may account for as much as 95 percent of the month-to-month
changes in unemployment.
 
 Because these seasonal events follow a more or less regular pattern each
year, their influence on statistical trends can be eliminated by adjusting
the statistics from month to month.  These adjustments make nonseasonal
developments, such as declines in economic activity or increases in the
participation of women in the labor force, easier to spot.  For example,
the large number of youth entering the labor force each June is likely to
obscure any other changes that have taken place relative to May, making it
difficult to determine if the level of economic activity has risen or
declined.  However, because the effect of students finishing school in
previous years is known, the statistics for the current year can be
adjusted to allow for a comparable change.  Insofar as the seasonal
adjustment is made correctly, the adjusted figure provides a more useful
tool with which to analyze changes in economic activity.
 
 In both the household and establishment surveys, most seasonally adjusted
series are independently adjusted.  However, the adjusted series for many
major estimates, such as total payroll employment, employment in most major
industry divisions, total employment, and unemployment are computed by
aggregating independently adjusted component series.  For example, total
unemployment is derived by summing the adjusted series for four major age-
sex components; this differs from the unemployment estimate that would be
obtained by directly adjusting the total or by combining the duration,
reasons, or more detailed age categories.
 
 The numerical factors used to make the seasonal adjustments are
recalculated twice a year.  For the household survey, the factors are
calculated for the January-June period and again for the July-December

                                  - 7 -

period.  For the establishment survey, updated factors for seasonal
adjustment are calculated for the May-October period and introduced along
with new benchmarks, and again for the November-April period.  In both
surveys, revisions to historical data are made once a year.

Reliability of the estimates
 
 Statistics based on the household and establishment surveys are subject
to both sampling and nonsampling error.  When a sample rather than the
entire population is surveyed, there is a chance that the sample estimates
may differ from the "true" population values they represent.  The exact
difference, or sampling error, varies depending on the particular sample
selected, and this variability is measured by the standard error of the
estimate.  There is about a 90-percent chance, or level of confidence, that
an estimate based on a sample will differ by no more than 1.6 standard
errors from the "true" population value because of sampling error.  BLS
analyses are generally conducted at the 90-percent level of confidence.
 
 For example, the confidence interval for the monthly change in total
employment from the household survey is on the order of plus or minus
376,000.  Suppose the estimate of total employment increases by 100,000
from one month to the next.  The 90-percent confidence interval on the
monthly change would range from -276,000 to 476,000 (100,000 +/- 376,000).
These figures do not mean that the sample results are off by these
magnitudes, but rather that there is about a 90-percent chance that the
"true" over-the-month change lies within this interval.  Since this range
includes values of less than zero, we could not say with confidence that
employment had, in fact, increased.  If, however, the reported employment
rise was half a million, then all of the values within the 90-percent
confidence interval would be greater than zero.  In this case, it is likely
(at least a 90-percent chance) that an employment rise had, in fact,
occurred.  The 90-percent confidence interval for the monthly change in
unemployment is +/- 258,000, and for the monthly change in the unemployment
rate it is +/- .21 percentage point.
 
 In general, estimates involving many individuals or establishments have
lower standard errors (relative to the size of the estimate) than estimates
which are based on a small number of observations.  The precision of
estimates is also improved when the data are cumulated over time such as
for quarterly and annual averages.  The seasonal adjustment process can
also improve the stability of the monthly estimates.
 
 The household and establishment surveys are also affected by nonsampling
error.  Nonsampling errors can occur for many reasons, including the
failure to sample a segment of the population, inability to obtain
information for all respondents in the sample, inability or unwillingness
of respondents to provide correct information on a timely basis, mistakes
made by respondents, and errors made in the collection or processing of the
data.
 
 For example, in the establishment survey, estimates for the most recent 2
months are based on substantially incomplete returns; for this reason,
these estimates are labeled preliminary in the tables.  It is only after
two successive revisions to a monthly estimate, when nearly all sample
reports have been received, that the estimate is considered final.
 
 Another major source of nonsampling error in the establishment survey is
the inability to capture, on a timely basis, employment generated by new
firms.  To correct for this systematic underestimation of employment growth
(and other sources of error), a process known as bias adjustment is
included in the survey's estimating procedures, whereby a specified number
of jobs is added to the monthly sample-based change.  The size of the

                                  - 8 -

monthly bias adjustment is based largely on past relationships between the
sample-based estimates of employment and the total counts of employment
described below.
 
 The sample-based estimates from the establishment survey are adjusted
once a year (on a lagged basis) to universe counts of payroll employment
obtained from administrative records of the unemployment insurance program.
The difference between the March sample-based employment estimates and the
March universe counts is known as a benchmark revision, and serves as a
rough proxy for total survey error.  The new benchmarks also incorporate
changes in the classification of industries.  Over the past decade, the
benchmark revision for total nonfarm employment has averaged 0.3 percent,
ranging from zero to 0.7 percent.

Additional statistics and other information
 
 More comprehensive statistics are contained in Employment and Earnings,
published each month by BLS.  It is available for $16.00 per issue or
$40.00 per year from the U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC
20402.  All orders must be prepaid by sending a check or money order
payable to the Superintendent of Documents, or by charging to Mastercard or
Visa.
 
 Employment and Earnings also provides measures of sampling error for the
household survey data published in this release.  For unemployment and
other labor force categories, these measures appear in tables 1-B through
1-H of its "Explanatory Notes."  Measures of the reliability of the data
drawn from the establishment survey and the actual amounts of revision due
to benchmark adjustments are provided in tables 2-B through 2-G of that
publication.
 
 Information in this release will be made available to sensory impaired
individuals upon request.  Voice phone:  202-606-STAT; TDD phone:
202-606-5897; TDD message referral phone:  1-800-326-2577.
  HOUSEHOLD DATA                                                                                              HOUSEHOLD DATA
                                                                                                                                                  
  Table A-1.  Employment status of the civilian population by sex and age

  (Numbers in thousands)
                                                                                                                            
                                                                                                                            
                                                                                                                            
                                                     Not seasonally adjusted              Seasonally adjusted(1)            
                                                                                                                            
           Employment status, sex, and age                                                                                  
                                                                                                                            
                                                                                                                            
                                                       Aug.    July    Aug.    Aug.    Apr.    May     June    July    Aug. 
                                                       1998    1999    1999    1998    1999    1999    1999    1999    1999 
                                                                                                                            
                                                                                                                            
                        TOTAL                                                                                               
                                                                                                                            
  Civilian noninstitutional population.............. 205,479 207,828 208,038 205,479 207,236 207,427 207,632 207,828 208,038
    Civilian labor force............................ 138,379 141,119 140,090 137,481 139,091 139,019 139,408 139,254 139,264
          Participation rate........................    67.3    67.9    67.3    66.9    67.1    67.0    67.1    67.0    66.9
      Employed...................................... 132,206 134,800 134,264 131,264 133,069 133,224 133,432 133,307 133,411
          Employment-population ratio...............    64.3    64.9    64.5    63.9    64.2    64.2    64.3    64.1    64.1
        Agriculture.................................   3,818   3,718   3,525   3,492   3,384   3,295   3,354   3,292   3,219
        Nonagricultural industries.................. 128,388 131,083 130,739 127,772 129,685 129,929 130,078 130,015 130,192
      Unemployed....................................   6,173   6,319   5,826   6,217   6,022   5,795   5,975   5,947   5,853
          Unemployment rate.........................     4.5     4.5     4.2     4.5     4.3     4.2     4.3     4.3     4.2
    Not in labor force..............................  67,100  66,709  67,948  67,998  68,145  68,408  68,225  68,574  68,774
                                                                                                                            
                Men, 16 years and over                                                                                      
                                                                                                                            
  Civilian noninstitutional population..............  98,892  99,761  99,863  98,892  99,465  99,563  99,668  99,761  99,863
    Civilian labor force............................  74,540  75,940  75,190  73,754  74,234  74,316  74,420  74,500  74,400
          Participation rate........................    75.4    76.1    75.3    74.6    74.6    74.6    74.7    74.7    74.5
      Employed......................................  71,537  72,803  72,348  70,503  71,225  71,198  71,321  71,444  71,332
          Employment-population ratio...............    72.3    73.0    72.4    71.3    71.6    71.5    71.6    71.6    71.4
      Unemployed....................................   3,003   3,137   2,842   3,251   3,010   3,118   3,099   3,056   3,067
          Unemployment rate.........................     4.0     4.1     3.8     4.4     4.1     4.2     4.2     4.1     4.1
                                                                                                                            
                Men, 20 years and over                                                                                      
                                                                                                                            
  Civilian noninstitutional population..............  90,889  91,561  91,692  90,889  91,302  91,368  91,487  91,561  91,692
    Civilian labor force............................  69,823  70,612  70,509  69,518  69,991  69,932  70,127  70,164  70,179
          Participation rate........................    76.8    77.1    76.9    76.5    76.7    76.5    76.7    76.6    76.5
      Employed......................................  67,464  68,212  68,210  66,940  67,608  67,399  67,633  67,687  67,682
          Employment-population ratio...............    74.2    74.5    74.4    73.7    74.0    73.8    73.9    73.9    73.8
        Agriculture.................................   2,556   2,468   2,377   2,420   2,353   2,212   2,248   2,271   2,242
        Nonagricultural industries..................  64,908  65,743  65,833  64,520  65,255  65,186  65,385  65,416  65,440
      Unemployed....................................   2,359   2,400   2,299   2,578   2,383   2,534   2,494   2,477   2,496
          Unemployment rate.........................     3.4     3.4     3.3     3.7     3.4     3.6     3.6     3.5     3.6
                                                                                                                            
               Women, 16 years and over                                                                                     
                                                                                                                            
  Civilian noninstitutional population.............. 106,587 108,067 108,175 106,587 107,771 107,864 107,964 108,067 108,175
    Civilian labor force............................  63,839  65,179  64,900  63,727  64,857  64,704  64,988  64,754  64,864
          Participation rate........................    59.9    60.3    60.0    59.8    60.2    60.0    60.2    59.9    60.0
      Employed......................................  60,669  61,997  61,917  60,761  61,845  62,026  62,112  61,863  62,079
          Employment-population ratio...............    56.9    57.4    57.2    57.0    57.4    57.5    57.5    57.2    57.4
      Unemployed....................................   3,170   3,182   2,984   2,966   3,012   2,677   2,876   2,891   2,786
          Unemployment rate.........................     5.0     4.9     4.6     4.7     4.6     4.1     4.4     4.5     4.3
                                                                                                                            
               Women, 20 years and over                                                                                     
                                                                                                                            
  Civilian noninstitutional population..............  98,901 100,203 100,285  98,901  99,923 100,008 100,131 100,203 100,285
    Civilian labor force............................  59,426  60,409  60,568  59,708  60,788  60,729  61,092  60,791  60,908
          Participation rate........................    60.1    60.3    60.4    60.4    60.8    60.7    61.0    60.7    60.7
      Employed......................................  56,786  57,837  58,093  57,295  58,320  58,520  58,719  58,373  58,654
          Employment-population ratio...............    57.4    57.7    57.9    57.9    58.4    58.5    58.6    58.3    58.5
        Agriculture.................................     883     894     840     806     801     831     869     797     764
        Nonagricultural industries..................  55,903  56,943  57,253  56,489  57,519  57,689  57,849  57,576  57,890
      Unemployed....................................   2,639   2,573   2,475   2,413   2,468   2,209   2,373   2,418   2,254
          Unemployment rate.........................     4.4     4.3     4.1     4.0     4.1     3.6     3.9     4.0     3.7
                                                                                                                            
              Both sexes, 16 to 19 years                                                                                    
                                                                                                                            
  Civilian  noninstitutional population.............  15,689  16,065  16,061  15,689  16,011  16,051  16,014  16,065  16,061
    Civilian labor force............................   9,130  10,098   9,014   8,255   8,312   8,358   8,189   8,300   8,177
          Participation rate........................    58.2    62.9    56.1    52.6    51.9    52.1    51.1    51.7    50.9
      Employed......................................   7,955   8,752   7,962   7,029   7,141   7,306   7,081   7,247   7,075
          Employment-population ratio...............    50.7    54.5    49.6    44.8    44.6    45.5    44.2    45.1    44.0
        Agriculture.................................     379     355     309     266     230     252     237     225     212
        Nonagricultural industries..................   7,577   8,397   7,653   6,763   6,911   7,054   6,843   7,023   6,862
      Unemployed....................................   1,175   1,347   1,051   1,226   1,171   1,052   1,108   1,053   1,102
          Unemployment rate.........................    12.9    13.3    11.7    14.9    14.1    12.6    13.5    12.7    13.5

    1 The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted
  and seasonally adjusted columns.
     NOTE:  Beginning in January 1999, data reflect revised population controls used in the household survey.





  HOUSEHOLD DATA                                                                                              HOUSEHOLD DATA
  
  Table A-2.  Employment status of the civilian population by race, sex, age, and Hispanic origin

  (Numbers in thousands)
                                                                                                                            
                                                                                                                            
                                                                                                                            
                                                     Not seasonally adjusted              Seasonally adjusted(1)            
                                                                                                                            
        Employment status, race, sex, age, and                                                                              
                   Hispanic origin                                                                                          
                                                                                                                            
                                                       Aug.    July    Aug.    Aug.    Apr.    May     June    July    Aug. 
                                                       1998    1999    1999    1998    1999    1999    1999    1999    1999 
                                                                                                                            
                                                                                                                            
                        WHITE                                                                                               
  Civilian noninstitutional population.............. 171,655 173,133 173,275 171,655 172,730 172,859 172,999 173,133 173,275
    Civilian labor force............................ 115,959 117,853 117,093 115,385 116,370 116,254 116,578 116,393 116,602
        Participation rate..........................    67.6    68.1    67.6    67.2    67.4    67.3    67.4    67.2    67.3
      Employed...................................... 111,511 113,425 112,846 110,848 111,917 111,985 112,092 112,117 112,277
        Employment-population ratio.................    65.0    65.5    65.1    64.6    64.8    64.8    64.8    64.8    64.8
      Unemployed....................................   4,448   4,429   4,246   4,537   4,454   4,269   4,486   4,276   4,325
        Unemployment rate...........................     3.8     3.8     3.6     3.9     3.8     3.7     3.8     3.7     3.7
                                                                                                                            
                Men, 20 years and over                                                                                      
    Civilian labor force............................  59,515  60,178  60,063  59,384  59,664  59,500  59,711  59,837  59,968
        Participation rate..........................    77.3    77.7    77.5    77.1    77.2    77.0    77.2    77.3    77.4
      Employed......................................  57,787  58,442  58,303  57,450  57,874  57,615  57,784  57,978  58,013
        Employment-population ratio.................    75.0    75.5    75.2    74.6    74.9    74.5    74.7    74.9    74.8
      Unemployed....................................   1,728   1,736   1,760   1,934   1,790   1,884   1,927   1,859   1,955
        Unemployment rate...........................     2.9     2.9     2.9     3.3     3.0     3.2     3.2     3.1     3.3
                                                                                                                            
               Women, 20 years and over                                                                                     
    Civilian labor force............................  48,763  49,203  49,410  49,025  49,672  49,669  49,933  49,542  49,701
        Participation rate..........................    59.4    59.3    59.5    59.7    60.0    60.0    60.2    59.7    59.9
      Employed......................................  46,861  47,447  47,653  47,321  47,862  48,067  48,215  47,878  48,134
        Employment-population ratio.................    57.1    57.2    57.4    57.6    57.8    58.0    58.2    57.7    58.0
      Unemployed....................................   1,902   1,756   1,757   1,704   1,811   1,602   1,718   1,665   1,567
        Unemployment rate...........................     3.9     3.6     3.6     3.5     3.6     3.2     3.4     3.4     3.2
                                                                                                                            
              Both sexes, 16 to 19 years                                                                                    
    Civilian labor force............................   7,681   8,472   7,620   6,976   7,034   7,085   6,934   7,013   6,932
        Participation rate..........................    61.5    66.5    59.8    55.8    55.5    55.8    54.6    55.1    54.4
      Employed......................................   6,863   7,536   6,890   6,077   6,181   6,302   6,093   6,261   6,129
        Employment-population ratio.................    54.9    59.2    54.1    48.6    48.8    49.7    48.0    49.2    48.1
      Unemployed....................................     818     937     730     899     853     783     840     753     803
        Unemployment rate...........................    10.7    11.1     9.6    12.9    12.1    11.0    12.1    10.7    11.6
          Men.......................................    11.4    11.2     9.7    14.2    12.6    11.9    11.8    10.9    12.2
          Women.....................................     9.9    10.9     9.4    11.5    11.6    10.1    12.5    10.6    10.9
                                                                                                                            
                        BLACK                                                                                               
  Civilian noninstitutional population..............  24,418  24,867  24,904  24,418  24,765  24,798  24,833  24,867  24,904
    Civilian labor force............................  16,129  16,747  16,474  15,937  16,286  16,303  16,300  16,384  16,279
        Participation rate..........................    66.1    67.3    66.2    65.3    65.8    65.7    65.6    65.9    65.4
      Employed......................................  14,663  15,146  15,156  14,517  15,029  15,079  15,103  14,949  15,005
        Employment-population ratio.................    60.1    60.9    60.9    59.5    60.7    60.8    60.8    60.1    60.3
      Unemployed....................................   1,466   1,601   1,318   1,420   1,257   1,224   1,197   1,434   1,274
        Unemployment rate...........................     9.1     9.6     8.0     8.9     7.7     7.5     7.3     8.8     7.8
                                                                                                                            
                Men, 20 years and over                                                                                      
    Civilian labor force............................   7,055   7,194   7,183   7,021   7,118   7,206   7,152   7,132   7,151
        Participation rate..........................    72.4    72.5    72.2    72.1    72.0    72.8    72.1    71.8    71.9
      Employed......................................   6,548   6,647   6,760   6,487   6,681   6,727   6,712   6,601   6,706
        Employment-population ratio.................    67.2    67.0    68.0    66.6    67.6    68.0    67.7    66.5    67.4
      Unemployed....................................     507     547     424     534     437     479     440     531     445
        Unemployment rate...........................     7.2     7.6     5.9     7.6     6.1     6.6     6.1     7.4     6.2
                                                                                                                            
               Women, 20 years and over                                                                                     
    Civilian labor force............................   7,912   8,315   8,239   7,903   8,241   8,177   8,214   8,318   8,229
        Participation rate..........................    64.7    66.8    66.1    64.7    66.4    65.8    66.0    66.8    66.0
      Employed......................................   7,267   7,610   7,627   7,302   7,681   7,653   7,671   7,663   7,658
        Employment-population ratio.................    59.5    61.1    61.1    59.7    61.9    61.6    61.7    61.5    61.4
      Unemployed....................................     645     705     613     601     560     524     544     654     571
        Unemployment rate...........................     8.2     8.5     7.4     7.6     6.8     6.4     6.6     7.9     6.9
                                                                                                                            
              Both sexes, 16 to 19 years                                                                                    
    Civilian labor force............................   1,161   1,238   1,052   1,013     927     920     934     934     899
        Participation rate..........................    47.3    49.8    42.3    41.3    37.5    37.1    37.7    37.6    36.2
      Employed......................................     848     889     770     728     667     699     721     685     642
        Employment-population ratio.................    34.6    35.8    31.0    29.7    26.9    28.2    29.0    27.6    25.8
      Unemployed....................................     313     349     282     285     260     222     214     249     257
        Unemployment rate...........................    27.0    28.2    26.8    28.1    28.1    24.1    22.9    26.7    28.6
          Men.......................................    28.8    32.2    27.8    29.7    33.0    26.2    26.7    30.8    29.4
          Women.....................................    25.3    24.0    25.9    26.8    23.5    22.0    19.6    22.9    27.9
                   HISPANIC ORIGIN                                                                                          
  Civilian noninstitutional population..............  21,159  21,684  21,752  21,159  21,483  21,548  21,618  21,684  21,752
    Civilian labor force............................  14,420  14,738  14,843  14,316  14,543  14,535  14,643  14,592  14,734
        Participation rate..........................    68.2    68.0    68.2    67.7    67.7    67.5    67.7    67.3    67.7
      Employed......................................  13,349  13,767  13,872  13,257  13,541  13,558  13,654  13,685  13,776
        Employment-population ratio.................    63.1    63.5    63.8    62.7    63.0    62.9    63.2    63.1    63.3
      Unemployed....................................   1,071     970     971   1,059   1,002     977     989     907     959
        Unemployment rate...........................     7.4     6.6     6.5     7.4     6.9     6.7     6.8     6.2     6.5

    1 The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted
  and seasonally adjusted columns.
      NOTE:  Detail for the above race and Hispanic-origin groups will not sum to totals because data for the "other races"
  group are not presented and Hispanics are included in both the white and black population groups.  Beginning in January
  1999, data reflect revised population controls used in the household survey.




  HOUSEHOLD DATA                                                                                               HOUSEHOLD DATA
                                                                                                                                                        
  Table A-3. Employment status of the civilian population 25 years and over by educational attainment, seasonally adjusted

  (Numbers in thousands)
                                                                                                                             
                                                                                                                             
                                                                                                                             
                                               Not seasonally adjusted                  Seasonally adjusted(1)               
                                                                                                                             
            Educational attainment                                                                                           
                                                                                                                             
                                               Aug.     July     Aug.     Aug.     Apr.     May      June     July     Aug.  
                                               1998     1999     1999     1998     1999     1999     1999     1999     1999  
                                                                                                                             
                                                                                                                             
                                                                                                                             
       Less than a high school diploma                                                                                       
                                                                                                                             
  Civilian noninstitutional population......   29,204   28,015   28,568   29,204   27,991   28,298   28,515   28,015   28,568
    Civilian labor force....................   12,402   11,766   12,299   12,496   11,753   11,743   12,047   12,069   12,412
        Percent of population...............     42.5     42.0     43.1     42.8     42.0     41.5     42.2     43.1     43.4
      Employed..............................   11,602   10,997   11,507   11,612   10,972   10,959   11,238   11,244   11,530
        Employment-population ratio.........     39.7     39.3     40.3     39.8     39.2     38.7     39.4     40.1     40.4
      Unemployed............................      800      769      793      884      781      784      810      825      883
        Unemployment rate...................      6.5      6.5      6.4      7.1      6.6      6.7      6.7      6.8      7.1
                                                                                                                             
     High school graduates, no college(2)                                                                                    
                                                                                                                             
  Civilian noninstitutional population......   57,729   57,162   57,195   57,729   57,945   57,931   57,963   57,162   57,195
    Civilian labor force....................   37,305   36,555   36,797   37,367   37,577   37,416   37,403   36,941   36,845
        Percent of population...............     64.6     63.9     64.3     64.7     64.8     64.6     64.5     64.6     64.4
      Employed..............................   35,898   35,237   35,550   35,883   36,253   36,058   35,961   35,629   35,550
        Employment-population ratio.........     62.2     61.6     62.2     62.2     62.6     62.2     62.0     62.3     62.2
      Unemployed............................    1,407    1,318    1,247    1,484    1,324    1,359    1,442    1,313    1,294
        Unemployment rate...................      3.8      3.6      3.4      4.0      3.5      3.6      3.9      3.6      3.5
                                                                                                                             
       Less than a bachelor's degree(3)                                                                                      
                                                                                                                             
  Civilian noninstitutional population......   41,842   43,610   43,130   41,842   43,059   42,742   42,780   43,610   43,130
    Civilian labor force....................   31,106   32,289   31,751   31,117   32,160   31,930   31,937   32,102   31,803
        Percent of population...............     74.3     74.0     73.6     74.4     74.7     74.7     74.7     73.6     73.7
      Employed..............................   30,227   31,284   30,765   30,231   31,202   31,043   31,130   31,097   30,795
        Employment-population ratio.........     72.2     71.7     71.3     72.3     72.5     72.6     72.8     71.3     71.4
      Unemployed............................      879    1,005      986      886      958      886      806    1,005    1,008
        Unemployment rate...................      2.8      3.1      3.1      2.8      3.0      2.8      2.5      3.1      3.2
                                                                                                                             
              College graduates                                                                                              
                                                                                                                             
  Civilian noninstitutional population......   43,431   45,042   45,086   43,431   44,289   44,442   44,464   45,042   45,086
    Civilian labor force....................   34,504   35,837   35,915   34,739   35,493   35,771   35,856   35,981   36,142
        Percent of population...............     79.4     79.6     79.7     80.0     80.1     80.5     80.6     79.9     80.2
      Employed..............................   33,757   35,105   35,223   34,129   34,742   35,107   35,128   35,317   35,579
        Employment-population ratio.........     77.7     77.9     78.1     78.6     78.4     79.0     79.0     78.4     78.9
      Unemployed............................      747      733      692      610      752      664      727      664      563
        Unemployment rate...................      2.2      2.0      1.9      1.8      2.1      1.9      2.0      1.8      1.6

    1 The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation, therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted
  and seasonally adjusted columns.
    2 Includes high school diploma or equivalent.
    3 Includes the categories, some college, no degree; and associate degree.
     NOTE:  Beginning in January 1999, data reflect revised population controls used in the household survey.





  HOUSEHOLD DATA                                                                                              HOUSEHOLD DATA
  
  Table A-4. Selected employment indicators

  (In thousands)
                                                                                                                            
                                                                                                                            
                                                                                                                            
                                                     Not seasonally adjusted               Seasonally adjusted              
                                                                                                                            
                       Category                                                                                             
                                                                                                                            
                                                                                                                            
                                                       Aug.    July    Aug.    Aug.    Apr.    May     June    July    Aug. 
                                                       1998    1999    1999    1998    1999    1999    1999    1999    1999 
                                                                                                                            
                                                                                                                            
                    CHARACTERISTIC                                                                                          
                                                                                                                            
  Total employed, 16 years and over................. 132,206 134,800 134,264 131,264 133,069 133,224 133,432 133,307 133,411
    Married men, spouse present.....................  42,875  43,310  43,398  42,874  43,190  42,882  43,291  43,353  43,398
    Married women, spouse present...................  32,238  32,869  33,023  32,670  33,285  33,487  33,802  33,302  33,458
    Women who maintain families.....................   7,900   8,156   8,332   7,928   8,050   8,039   7,991   8,289   8,357
                                                                                                                            
                      OCCUPATION                                                                                            
                                                                                                                            
    Managerial and professional specialty...........  38,558  40,536  40,504  38,942  40,504  40,500  40,946  40,901  40,893
    Technical, sales, and administrative support....  39,045  38,959  38,998  38,843  38,866  39,103  38,729  38,573  38,842
    Service occupations.............................  18,081  18,450  18,341  17,770  17,868  18,111  18,020  18,035  18,034
    Precision production, craft, and repair.........  14,360  14,578  14,355  14,158  14,518  14,432  14,084  14,405  14,241
    Operators, fabricators, and laborers............  18,138  18,287  18,231  17,968  17,656  17,813  18,190  17,985  18,058
    Farming, forestry, and fishing..................   4,023   3,991   3,836   3,590   3,539   3,441   3,504   3,423   3,422
                                                                                                                            
                   CLASS OF WORKER                                                                                          
                                                                                                                            
    Agriculture:                                                                                                            
      Wage and salary workers.......................   2,315   2,201   2,088   2,111   1,908   1,919   1,911   1,938   1,900
      Self-employed workers.........................   1,466   1,460   1,379   1,342   1,439   1,348   1,369   1,300   1,262
      Unpaid family workers.........................      37      56      58      31      31      33      37      47      48
    Nonagricultural industries:                                                                                             
      Wage and salary workers....................... 119,366 122,062 121,595 118,840 120,785 121,168 121,005 121,157 121,163
        Government..................................  17,782  18,591  18,646  18,332  18,709  18,672  19,110  19,068  19,243
        Private industries.......................... 101,584 103,471 102,949 100,508 102,076 102,496 101,895 102,089 101,920
          Private households........................     914   1,007     923     871     941     910   1,001     943     871
          Other industries.......................... 100,670 102,464 102,026  99,637 101,135 101,586 100,894 101,146 101,049
      Self-employed workers.........................   8,938   8,943   9,057   8,955   8,813   8,687   8,857   8,837   9,066
      Unpaid family workers.........................      84      78      87      88      63      60      87      74      91
                                                                                                                            
              PERSONS AT WORK PART TIME                                                                                     
                                                                                                                            
    All industries:                                                                                                         
      Part time for economic reasons................   3,508   3,537   3,238   3,503   3,408   3,422   3,418   3,299   3,248
        Slack work or business conditions...........   1,908   2,031   1,759   2,019   1,920   1,946   2,092   1,983   1,871
        Could only find part-time work..............   1,201   1,185   1,068   1,188   1,124   1,137   1,014   1,044   1,057
      Part time for noneconomic reasons.............  15,851  16,617  16,455  18,653  18,882  18,632  18,666  19,122  19,359
                                                                                                                            
    Nonagricultural industries:                                                                                             
      Part time for economic reasons................   3,350   3,368   3,102   3,339   3,224   3,247   3,232   3,130   3,105
        Slack work or business conditions...........   1,813   1,905   1,677   1,926   1,831   1,838   1,944   1,846   1,791
        Could only find part-time work..............   1,164   1,159   1,046   1,155   1,092   1,111   1,010   1,028   1,041
      Part time for noneconomic reasons.............  15,229  16,049  15,870  18,031  18,320  18,098  18,016  18,618  18,781

      NOTE:  Persons at work excludes employed persons who were absent from their jobs during the entire reference week for
  reasons such as vacation, illness, or industrial dispute.  Part time for noneconomic reasons excludes persons who usually
  work full time but worked only 1 to 34 hours during the reference week for reasons such as holidays, illness, and bad
  weather.  Beginning in January 1999, data reflect revised population controls used in the household survey.





  HOUSEHOLD DATA                                                                                              HOUSEHOLD DATA
                                                                                                                                                 
  Table A-5. Selected unemployment indicators, seasonally adjusted
                                                                                                                            
                                                                                                                            
                                                            Number of                                                       
                                                        unemployed persons                Unemployment rates(1)             
                                                          (in thousands)                                                    
                       Category                                                                                             
                                                                                                                            
                                                       Aug.    July    Aug.    Aug.    Apr.    May     June    July    Aug. 
                                                       1998    1999    1999    1998    1999    1999    1999    1999    1999 
                                                                                                                            
                                                                                                                            
                    CHARACTERISTIC                                                                                          
                                                                                                                            
   Total, 16 years and over.........................   6,217   5,947   5,853    4.5     4.3     4.2     4.3     4.3     4.2 
     Men, 20 years and over.........................   2,578   2,477   2,496    3.7     3.4     3.6     3.6     3.5     3.6 
     Women, 20 years and over.......................   2,413   2,418   2,254    4.0     4.1     3.6     3.9     4.0     3.7 
     Both sexes, 16 to 19 years.....................   1,226   1,053   1,102   14.9    14.1    12.6    13.5    12.7    13.5 
                                                                                                                            
     Married men, spouse present....................   1,029   1,001   1,022    2.3     2.3     2.4     2.2     2.3     2.3 
     Married women, spouse present..................   1,053     990     921    3.1     2.9     2.5     2.7     2.9     2.7 
     Women who maintain families....................     580     571     567    6.8     7.2     6.0     6.6     6.4     6.4 
                                                                                                                            
     Full-time workers..............................   4,919   4,732   4,756    4.4     4.2     4.0     4.0     4.1     4.1 
     Part-time workers..............................   1,298   1,216   1,118    5.3     4.9     5.1     5.4     4.9     4.5 
                                                                                                                            
                    OCCUPATION(2)                                                                                           
                                                                                                                            
     Managerial and professional specialty..........     735     808     733    1.9     1.9     2.0     2.0     1.9     1.8 
     Technical, sales, and administrative support...   1,512   1,594   1,448    3.7     3.9     3.3     3.6     4.0     3.6 
     Precision production, craft, and repair........     667     568     682    4.5     3.8     4.1     4.9     3.8     4.6 
     Operators, fabricators, and laborers...........   1,277   1,216   1,187    6.6     6.5     6.5     6.0     6.3     6.2 
     Farming, forestry, and fishing.................     225     236     228    5.9     7.3     8.0     7.5     6.4     6.2 
                                                                                                                            
                       INDUSTRY                                                                                             
                                                                                                                            
     Nonagricultural private wage and salary workers   4,963   4,710   4,536    4.7     4.4     4.2     4.4     4.4     4.3 
       Goods-producing industries...................   1,374   1,240   1,383    4.8     4.5     4.4     4.7     4.4     5.0 
         Mining.....................................      22      40      25    3.6     9.3     5.9     4.7     6.4     4.0 
         Construction...............................     523     491     586    7.4     7.4     7.2     7.5     6.7     7.9 
         Manufacturing..............................     829     709     773    3.9     3.3     3.4     3.8     3.5     3.9 
           Durable goods............................     455     474     447    3.5     3.1     3.3     3.6     3.8     3.7 
           Nondurable goods.........................     374     235     326    4.5     3.7     3.6     4.0     3.0     4.2 
       Service-producing industries.................   3,589   3,470   3,153    4.7     4.3     4.1     4.3     4.4     4.0 
         Transportation and public utilities........     259     278     245    3.5     2.8     3.3     2.8     3.6     3.1 
         Wholesale and retail trade.................   1,502   1,396   1,282    5.6     5.4     5.3     5.4     5.2     4.8 
         Finance, insurance, and real estate........     213     191     196    2.7     3.2     2.1     2.3     2.3     2.4 
         Services...................................   1,615   1,605   1,430    4.7     4.1     3.9     4.2     4.5     4.0 
     Government workers.............................     408     439     405    2.2     2.5     2.6     2.4     2.3     2.1 
     Agricultural wage and salary workers...........     169     189     206    7.4     9.7    10.7     9.6     8.9     9.8 

    1 Unemployment as a percent of the civilian labor force.
    2 Seasonally adjusted unemployment data for service occupations are not available because the seasonal component, which
  is small relative to the trend-cycle and irregular components, cannot be separated with sufficient precision.
     NOTE:  Beginning in January 1999, data reflect revised population controls used in the household survey.





  HOUSEHOLD DATA                                                                                              HOUSEHOLD DATA
  
  Table A-6. Duration of unemployment

  (Numbers in thousands)
                                                                                                                            
                                                                                                                            
                                                                                                                            
                                                     Not seasonally adjusted               Seasonally adjusted              
                                                                                                                            
                       Duration                                                                                             
                                                                                                                            
                                                       Aug.    July    Aug.    Aug.    Apr.    May     June    July    Aug. 
                                                       1998    1999    1999    1998    1999    1999    1999    1999    1999 
                                                                                                                            
                                                                                                                                                                                        
                 NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED                                                                                       
                                                                                                                            
   Less than 5 weeks................................   2,509   2,910   2,498   2,652   2,788   2,467   2,529   2,680   2,621
   5 to 14 weeks....................................   2,150   1,934   1,976   1,956   1,867   1,816   1,736   1,766   1,810
   15 weeks and over................................   1,514   1,475   1,352   1,644   1,446   1,523   1,668   1,505   1,449
      15 to 26 weeks................................     679     714     633     810     773     794     824     787     745
      27 weeks and over.............................     835     761     719     834     673     729     844     718     704
                                                                                                                            
   Average (mean) duration, in weeks................    13.7    13.1    13.1    13.7    13.1    13.4    14.5    13.6    13.2
   Median duration, in weeks........................     7.0     5.4     6.7     6.8     6.1     6.7     6.2     5.7     6.5
                                                                                                                            
                 PERCENT DISTRIBUTION                                                                                       
                                                                                                                            
   Total unemployed.................................   100.0   100.0   100.0   100.0   100.0   100.0   100.0   100.0   100.0
     Less than 5 weeks..............................    40.6    46.1    42.9    42.4    45.7    42.5    42.6    45.0    44.6
     5 to 14 weeks..................................    34.8    30.6    33.9    31.3    30.6    31.3    29.3    29.7    30.8
     15 weeks and over..............................    24.5    23.3    23.2    26.3    23.7    26.2    28.1    25.3    24.6
       15 to 26 weeks...............................    11.0    11.3    10.9    13.0    12.7    13.7    13.9    13.2    12.7
       27 weeks and over............................    13.5    12.0    12.3    13.3    11.0    12.6    14.2    12.1    12.0

     NOTE:  Beginning in January 1999, data reflect revised population controls used in the household survey.




  HOUSEHOLD DATA                                                                                              HOUSEHOLD DATA
                                                                                                                                                          
  Table A-7. Reason for unemployment

  (Numbers in thousands)
                                                                                                                            
                                                                                                                            
                                                                                                                            
                                                     Not seasonally adjusted               Seasonally adjusted              
                                                                                                                            
                        Reason                                                                                              
                                                                                                                            
                                                       Aug.    July    Aug.    Aug.    Apr.    May     June    July    Aug. 
                                                       1998    1999    1999    1998    1999    1999    1999    1999    1999 
                                                                                                                            
                                                                                                                            
                 NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED                                                                                       
                                                                                                                            
  Job losers and persons who completed temporary                                                                            
     jobs...........................................   2,715   2,729   2,559   2,834   2,700   2,663   2,683   2,740   2,662
    On temporary layoff.............................     782     862     784     937     838     821     892     850     929
    Not on temporary layoff.........................   1,932   1,867   1,775   1,897   1,862   1,842   1,791   1,890   1,734
      Permanent job losers..........................   1,342   1,267   1,250   (1)     (1)     (1)     (1)     (1)     (1)  
      Persons who completed temporary jobs..........     590     600     525   (1)     (1)     (1)     (1)     (1)     (1)  
  Job leavers.......................................     795     817     866     734     841     789     864     755     797
  Reentrants........................................   2,157   2,101   1,925   2,124   2,044   2,040   2,057   2,011   1,896
  New entrants......................................     506     672     477     507     469     415     349     402     483
                                                                                                                            
                 PERCENT DISTRIBUTION                                                                                       
                                                                                                                            
  Total unemployed..................................   100.0   100.0   100.0   100.0   100.0   100.0   100.0   100.0   100.0
   Job losers and persons who completed temporary                                                                           
     jobs...........................................    44.0    43.2    43.9    45.7    44.6    45.1    45.1    46.4    45.6
     On temporary layoff............................    12.7    13.6    13.5    15.1    13.9    13.9    15.0    14.4    15.9
     Not on temporary layoff........................    31.3    29.5    30.5    30.6    30.8    31.2    30.1    32.0    29.7
   Job leavers......................................    12.9    12.9    14.9    11.8    13.9    13.4    14.5    12.8    13.6
   Reentrants.......................................    34.9    33.2    33.0    34.3    33.8    34.5    34.6    34.0    32.5
   New entrants.....................................     8.2    10.6     8.2     8.2     7.7     7.0     5.9     6.8     8.3
                                                                                                                            
            UNEMPLOYED AS A PERCENT OF THE                                                                                  
                   CIVILIAN LABOR FORCE                                                                                     
                                                                                                                            
   Job losers and persons who completed temporary                                                                           
     jobs...........................................     2.0     1.9     1.8     2.1     1.9     1.9     1.9     2.0     1.9
   Job leavers......................................      .6      .6      .6      .5      .6      .6      .6      .5      .6
   Reentrants.......................................     1.6     1.5     1.4     1.5     1.5     1.5     1.5     1.4     1.4
   New entrants.....................................      .4      .5      .3      .4      .3      .3      .3      .3      .3

    1 Not available.
     NOTE:  Beginning in January 1999, data reflect revised population controls used in the household survey.





  HOUSEHOLD DATA                                                                                               HOUSEHOLD DATA
                                                                                                                                                                  
  Table A-8. Range of alternative measures of labor underutilization

  (Percent)
                                                                                                                             
                                                                                                                             
                                                                                                                             
                                                                  Not seasonally               Seasonally adjusted           
                                                                     adjusted                                                
                            Measure                                                                                          
                                                                                                                             
                                                                                                                             
                                                                Aug.   July   Aug.   Aug.   Apr.   May    June   July   Aug. 
                                                                1998   1999   1999   1998   1999   1999   1999   1999   1999 
                                                                                                                             
                                                                                                                             
                                                                                                                             
  U-1 Persons unemployed 15 weeks or longer, as a percent of                                                                 
      the civilian labor force................................    1.1    1.0    1.0    1.2    1.0    1.1    1.2    1.1    1.0
                                                                                                                             
  U-2 Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs, as                                                                
      a percent of the civilian labor force...................    2.0    1.9    1.8    2.1    1.9    1.9    1.9    2.0    1.9
                                                                                                                             
  U-3 Total unemployed, as a percent of the civilian labor                                                                   
      force (official unemployment rate)......................    4.5    4.5    4.2    4.5    4.3    4.2    4.3    4.3    4.2
                                                                                                                             
  U-4 Total unemployed plus discouraged workers, as a percent                                                                
      of the civilian labor force plus discouraged workers....    4.7    4.7    4.3   (1)    (1)    (1)    (1)    (1)    (1) 
                                                                                                                             
  U-5 Total unemployed, plus discouraged workers, plus all                                                                   
      other marginally attached workers, as a percent of the                                                                 
      civilian labor force plus all marginally                                                                               
      attached workers........................................    5.3    5.2    4.9   (1)    (1)    (1)    (1)    (1)    (1) 
                                                                                                                             
  U-6 Total unemployed, plus all marginally attached workers,                                                                
      plus total employed part time for economic reasons,                                                                    
      as a percent of the civilian labor force plus all                                                                      
      marginally attached workers.............................    7.8    7.7    7.2   (1)    (1)    (1)    (1)    (1)    (1) 

    1 Not available.
      NOTE:  This range of alternative measures of labor underutilization replaces the U1-U7 range published in table A-7 of
  this release prior to 1994.  Marginally attached workers are persons who currently are neither working nor looking for work
  but indicate that they want and are available for a job and have looked for work sometime in the recent past.  Discouraged
  workers, a subset of the marginally attached, have given a job-market related reason for not currently looking for a job. 
  Persons employed part time for economic reasons are those who want and are available for full-time work but have had to
  settle for a part-time schedule.  For further information, see "BLS introduces new range of alternative unemployment
  measures," in the October 1995 issue of the Monthly Labor Review.  Beginning in January 1999, data reflect revised
  population controls used in the household survey.





  HOUSEHOLD DATA                                                                                              HOUSEHOLD DATA
                                                                                                                                                 
  Table A-9. Unemployed persons by sex and age, seasonally adjusted
                                                                                                                            
                                                                                                                            
                                                                                                                            
                                                            Number of                                                       
                                                        unemployed persons                Unemployment rates(1)             
                                                          (in thousands)                                                    
                     Age and sex                                                                                            
                                                                                                                            
                                                                                                                            
                                                       Aug.    July    Aug.    Aug.    Apr.    May     June    July    Aug. 
                                                       1998    1999    1999    1998    1999    1999    1999    1999    1999 
                                                                                                                            
                                                                                                                            
                                                                                                                            
  Total, 16 years and over..........................   6,217   5,947   5,853    4.5     4.3     4.2     4.3     4.3     4.2 
    16 to 24 years..................................   2,366   2,128   2,126   10.8    10.0     9.4     9.9     9.6     9.6 
      16 to 19 years................................   1,226   1,053   1,102   14.9    14.1    12.6    13.5    12.7    13.5 
        16 to 17 years..............................     565     493     517   17.1    16.9    15.9    16.1    14.6    15.8 
        18 to 19 years..............................     669     563     592   13.5    12.3    10.6    11.8    11.4    12.1 
      20 to 24 years................................   1,140   1,075   1,023    8.4     7.6     7.5     7.7     7.7     7.3 
    25 years and over...............................   3,865   3,792   3,745    3.3     3.2     3.2     3.2     3.2     3.2 
      25 to 54 years................................   3,419   3,242   3,272    3.5     3.3     3.2     3.3     3.3     3.3 
      55 years and over.............................     449     544     472    2.6     2.9     2.6     3.0     3.0     2.6 
                                                                                                                            
    Men, 16 years and over..........................   3,251   3,056   3,067    4.4     4.1     4.2     4.2     4.1     4.1 
      16 to 24 years................................   1,286   1,180   1,126   11.3    10.5    10.2    10.7    10.2     9.8 
        16 to 19 years..............................     673     579     571   15.9    14.8    13.3    14.1    13.4    13.5 
          16 to 17 years............................     320     271     270   18.9    19.2    17.7    16.5    15.4    15.8 
          18 to 19 years............................     360     303     308   14.2    12.2    10.6    12.8    11.8    12.3 
        20 to 24 years..............................     613     601     555    8.5     8.0     8.3     8.7     8.3     7.6 
      25 years and over.............................   1,983   1,866   1,963    3.2     2.9     3.1     3.0     3.0     3.1 
        25 to 54 years..............................   1,739   1,559   1,680    3.3     2.9     3.1     3.0     2.9     3.2 
        55 years and over...........................     247     316     286    2.6     2.6     2.7     2.6     3.2     2.9 
                                                                                                                            
    Women, 16 years and over........................   2,966   2,891   2,786    4.7     4.6     4.1     4.4     4.5     4.3 
      16 to 24 years................................   1,080     948   1,000   10.4     9.5     8.6     9.0     8.9     9.4 
        16 to 19 years..............................     553     473     531   13.8    13.4    11.8    12.9    11.9    13.4 
          16 to 17 years............................     245     222     248   15.3    14.5    13.8    15.7    13.8    15.8 
          18 to 19 years............................     309     260     284   12.8    12.5    10.6    10.7    11.0    11.9 
        20 to 24 years..............................     527     475     469    8.2     7.1     6.7     6.7     7.1     7.0 
      25 years and over.............................   1,882   1,926   1,782    3.5     3.6     3.2     3.5     3.6     3.3 
        25 to 54 years..............................   1,680   1,683   1,593    3.7     3.7     3.4     3.5     3.7     3.4 
        55 years and over...........................     202     228     185    2.7     3.3     2.6     3.5     2.9     2.3 

    1 Unemployment as a percent of the civilian labor force.
     NOTE:  Beginning in January 1999, data reflect revised population controls used in the household survey.





  HOUSEHOLD DATA                                                                                                  HOUSEHOLD DATA
  
  Table A-10. Persons not in the labor force and multiple jobholders by sex, not seasonally adjusted

  (Numbers in thousands)
                                                                                                                                
                                                                                                                                
                                                                                                                                
                                                                            Total                Men                Women       
                                                                                                                                
                               Category                                                                                         
                                                                                                                                
                                                                        Aug.      Aug.      Aug.      Aug.      Aug.      Aug.  
                                                                        1998      1999      1998      1999      1998      1999  
                                                                                                                                
                                                                                                                                
                        NOT IN THE LABOR FORCE                                                                                  
                                                                                                                                
                                                                                                                                
  Total not in the labor force......................................   67,100    67,948    24,352    24,674    42,748    43,275 
    Persons who currently want a job................................    5,180     4,742     1,992     1,863     3,188     2,879 
       Searched for work and available to work now(1)...............    1,251     1,134       580       525       671       609 
          Reason not currently looking:                                                                                         
            Discouragement over job prospects(2)....................      280       265       168       153       112       112 
            Reasons other than discouragement(3)....................      971       869       412       372       559       497 
                                                                                                                                
                         MULTIPLE JOBHOLDERS                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
  Total multiple jobholders(4)......................................    7,462     7,298     4,015     3,909     3,447     3,389 
      Percent of total employed.....................................      5.6       5.4       5.6       5.4       5.7       5.5 
                                                                                                                                
      Primary job full time, secondary job part time................    4,344     3,992     2,541     2,350     1,803     1,641 
      Primary and secondary jobs both part time.....................    1,408     1,514       469       499       939     1,014 
      Primary and secondary jobs both full time.....................      271       332       184       260        87        72 
      Hours vary on primary or secondary job........................    1,384     1,418       796       777       588       641 

    1 Data refer to persons who have searched for work during the prior 12 months and were available to take a job during the
  reference week.
    2 Includes thinks no work available, could not find work, lacks schooling or training, employer thinks too young or old, and
  other types of discrimination.
    3 Includes those who did not actively look for work in the prior 4 weeks for such reasons as child-care and transportation
  problems, as well as a small number for which reason for nonparticipation was not determined.
    4 Includes persons who work part time on their primary job and full time on their secondary job(s), not shown separately.
     NOTE: Beginning in January 1999, data reflect revised population controls used in the household survey.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA                                                                                    ESTABLISHMENT DATA


Table B-1. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by industry

(In thousands)
                                                                                                                        
                                                                                                                        
                                             Not seasonally adjusted                   Seasonally adjusted              
                                                                                                                        
                Industry                                                                                                
                                           Aug.    June   July    Aug.     Aug.    Apr.    May     June   July    Aug. 
                                           1998    1999   1999p   1999p    1998    1999    1999    1999   1999p   1999p 
                                                                                                                        
          Total......................... 125,966 129,593 128,768 128,721 126,170 128,134 128,162 128,443 128,781 128,905
                                                                                                                        
       Total private.................... 107,290 109,415 109,675 109,724 106,301 108,035 108,085 108,338 108,625 108,702
                                                                                                                        
Goods-producing.........................  25,812  25,530  25,569  25,634  25,344  25,288  25,199  25,180  25,248  25,153
                                                                                                                        
  Mining................................     597     533     538     536     585     538     531     526     529     526
    Metal mining........................    50.9    49.3    49.0    47.4      50      49      49      48      48      46
    Coal mining.........................    90.9    84.8    84.4    84.2      90      86      86      84      85      84
    Oil and gas extraction..............   342.1   286.3   290.5   291.7     336     294     287     285     286     287
    Nonmetallic minerals, except fuels..   113.3   112.9   113.7   113.0     109     109     109     109     110     109
                                                                                                                        
  Construction..........................   6,363   6,499   6,622   6,617   6,005   6,277   6,239   6,258   6,272   6,243
    General building contractors........ 1,447.6 1,475.8 1,506.5 1,497.1   1,381   1,428   1,427   1,430   1,434   1,426
    Heavy construction, except building.   921.8   917.1   928.1   931.2     842     874     854     857     857     851
    Special trade contractors........... 3,993.2 4,106.1 4,187.5 4,189.1   3,782   3,975   3,958   3,971   3,981   3,966
                                                                                                                        
  Manufacturing.........................  18,852  18,498  18,409  18,481  18,754  18,473  18,429  18,396  18,447  18,384
      Production workers................  12,959  12,702  12,620  12,704  12,891  12,696  12,662  12,623  12,694  12,639
                                                                                                                        
   Durable goods........................  11,188  11,030  10,965  10,987  11,177  10,993  10,971  10,960  11,013  10,975
      Production workers................   7,625   7,547   7,483   7,509   7,634   7,519   7,504   7,487   7,549   7,518
    Lumber and wood products............   826.7   833.6   838.4   840.7     813     824     824     824     826     827
    Furniture and fixtures..............   531.3   541.0   540.2   541.0     532     536     537     538     546     542
    Stone, clay, and glass products.....   575.4   579.3   577.4   578.7     564     570     569     568     570     567
    Primary metal industries............   711.4   690.5   684.9   688.2     713     691     689     687     692     689
      Blast furnaces and basic steel                                                                                    
         products.......................   231.4   221.5   222.2   223.4   (1)     (1)     (1)     (1)     (1)     (1)  
    Fabricated metal products........... 1,500.2 1,492.2 1,476.5 1,482.7   1,502   1,489   1,487   1,485   1,493   1,484
    Industrial machinery and equipment.. 2,194.8 2,140.1 2,123.9 2,108.6   2,203   2,132   2,129   2,128   2,130   2,117
      Computer and office equipment.....   378.6   364.7   362.2   359.7     378     361     362     364     361     359
    Electronic and other electrical                                                                                     
       equipment........................ 1,696.1 1,663.2 1,662.8 1,662.8   1,698   1,658   1,658   1,657   1,667   1,665
      Electronic components and                                                                                         
         accessories....................   654.9   640.2   639.9   641.8     655     635     635     637     639     642
    Transportation equipment............ 1,891.7 1,860.1 1,835.2 1,858.8   1,894   1,864   1,853   1,849   1,863   1,861
      Motor vehicles and equipment......   995.9 1,007.2   987.8 1,011.2     997     996     996     998   1,015   1,012
      Aircraft and parts................   523.7   489.9   486.9   482.0     526     503     498     491     488     484
    Instruments and related products....   867.3   840.7   841.1   836.6     866     842     839     837     840     835
    Miscellaneous manufacturing.........   393.0   389.1   384.9   389.0     392     387     386     387     386     388
                                                                                                                        
   Nondurable goods.....................   7,664   7,468   7,444   7,494   7,577   7,480   7,458   7,436   7,434   7,409
      Production workers................   5,334   5,155   5,137   5,195   5,257   5,177   5,158   5,136   5,145   5,121
    Food and kindred products........... 1,745.3 1,678.5 1,705.6 1,742.4   1,675   1,689   1,688   1,680   1,682   1,673
    Tobacco products....................    40.4    35.7    35.5    36.0      40      38      38      39      39      36
    Textile mill products...............   594.7   564.1   556.5   556.9     594     567     563     560     559     557
    Apparel and other textile products..   759.3   692.6   672.6   674.2     755     698     691     686     680     670
    Paper and allied products...........   675.0   663.5   660.8   660.8     673     662     661     659     659     659
    Printing and publishing............. 1,565.9 1,554.4 1,553.8 1,552.0   1,566   1,555   1,551   1,552   1,553   1,552
    Chemicals and allied products....... 1,049.5 1,039.6 1,036.7 1,037.7   1,044   1,038   1,036   1,033   1,031   1,032
    Petroleum and coal products.........   143.0   139.8   141.1   140.5     140     139     138     137     138     137
    Rubber and misc. plastics products.. 1,009.8 1,024.3 1,011.6 1,021.3   1,009   1,019   1,018   1,016   1,021   1,021
    Leather and leather products........    81.5    75.1    69.5    71.7      81      75      74      74      72      72
                                                                                                                        
Service-producing....................... 100,154 104,063 103,199 103,087 100,826 102,846 102,963 103,263 103,533 103,752
                                                                                                                        
  Transportation and public utilities...   6,610   6,816   6,782   6,795   6,625   6,750   6,758   6,781   6,797   6,809
    Transportation......................   4,278   4,445   4,409   4,419   4,305   4,397   4,402   4,423   4,439   4,445
      Railroad transportation...........   232.9   234.1   231.7   231.9     232     234     233     233     230     231
      Local and interurban passenger                                                                                    
         transit........................   409.6   482.0   421.0   416.5     475     483     480     483     484     482
      Trucking and warehousing.......... 1,786.6 1,827.3 1,840.9 1,850.6   1,755   1,800   1,802   1,810   1,817   1,818
      Water transportation..............   192.0   187.9   192.9   194.1     184     180     180     181     183     186
      Transportation by air............. 1,186.2 1,230.4 1,238.4 1,239.3   1,190   1,220   1,226   1,234   1,241   1,243
      Pipelines, except natural gas.....    14.1    13.3    13.4    13.3      14      14      13      13      13      13
      Transportation services...........   456.7   470.0   471.1   473.4     455     466     468     469     471     472
    Communications and public utilities.   2,332   2,371   2,373   2,376   2,320   2,353   2,356   2,358   2,358   2,364
      Communications.................... 1,473.0 1,519.2 1,523.4 1,530.1   1,467   1,508   1,513   1,513   1,518   1,524
      Electric, gas, and sanitary                                                                                       
         services.......................   858.8   851.6   849.2   846.2     853     845     843     845     840     840
                                                                                                                        
  Wholesale trade.......................   6,877   7,036   7,061   7,062   6,846   6,965   6,977   6,993   7,011   7,031
    Durable goods.......................   4,070   4,165   4,183   4,184   4,055   4,113   4,124   4,139   4,154   4,169
    Nondurable goods....................   2,807   2,871   2,878   2,878   2,791   2,852   2,853   2,854   2,857   2,862
  Retail trade..........................  22,507  22,992  23,035  23,045  22,353  22,724  22,748  22,796  22,895  22,892
    Building materials and garden                                                                                       
       supplies.........................   970.5 1,032.7 1,023.6 1,010.9     950     982     979     982     986     990
    General merchandise stores.......... 2,684.7 2,718.6 2,722.7 2,737.0   2,733   2,799   2,784   2,782   2,781   2,791
      Department stores................. 2,386.3 2,424.8 2,426.1 2,439.1   2,429   2,499   2,486   2,482   2,478   2,484
    Food stores......................... 3,497.8 3,497.4 3,500.3 3,501.2   3,483   3,492   3,487   3,479   3,475   3,486
    Automotive dealers and service                                                                                      
       stations......................... 2,372.2 2,425.5 2,439.9 2,444.2   2,345   2,399   2,400   2,403   2,408   2,416
      New and used car dealers.......... 1,052.1 1,084.3 1,090.0 1,093.8   1,048   1,074   1,077   1,080   1,085   1,090
    Apparel and accessory stores........ 1,152.0 1,167.0 1,180.0 1,184.7   1,149   1,163   1,172   1,178   1,187   1,182
    Furniture and home furnishings                                                                                      
       stores........................... 1,020.9 1,078.6 1,079.4 1,086.2   1,031   1,081   1,084   1,091   1,089   1,097
    Eating and drinking places.......... 7,969.6 8,148.0 8,161.5 8,142.1   7,779   7,863   7,880   7,911   7,985   7,947
    Miscellaneous retail establishments. 2,839.2 2,924.5 2,927.3 2,938.6   2,883   2,945   2,962   2,970   2,984   2,983
                                                                                                                        
  Finance, insurance, and real estate...   7,526   7,707   7,745   7,738   7,445   7,611   7,621   7,636   7,644   7,655
    Finance.............................   3,635   3,728   3,743   3,740   3,616   3,697   3,706   3,709   3,713   3,721
      Depository institutions........... 2,054.9 2,057.4 2,059.4 2,054.9   2,043   2,050   2,047   2,045   2,042   2,043
        Commercial banks................ 1,476.2 1,472.6 1,473.4 1,469.5   1,467   1,467   1,465   1,463   1,461   1,461
        Savings institutions............   259.2   257.9   258.2   257.0     258     257     256     256     256     256
      Nondepository institutions........   670.9   723.4   724.3   724.0     669     716     720     721     721     722
        Mortgage bankers and brokers....   339.2   375.2   372.5   370.7     337     370     374     372     370     368
      Security and commodity brokers....   658.1   678.9   689.5   691.5     653     668     672     676     682     686
      Holding and other investment                                                                                      
         offices........................   250.7   267.8   269.4   269.9     251     263     267     267     268     270
    Insurance...........................   2,364   2,411   2,417   2,415   2,355   2,395   2,399   2,402   2,404   2,406
      Insurance carriers................ 1,613.6 1,643.5 1,644.9 1,641.1   1,607   1,631   1,635   1,638   1,634   1,634
      Insurance agents, brokers, and                                                                                    
         service........................   749.9   767.0   772.2   773.5     748     764     764     764     770     772
    Real estate.........................   1,527   1,568   1,585   1,583   1,474   1,519   1,516   1,525   1,527   1,528
                                                                                                                        
  Services (2)..........................  37,958  39,334  39,483  39,450  37,688  38,697  38,782  38,952  39,030  39,162
    Agricultural services...............   775.1   841.3   838.6   825.0     709     755     751     757     757     755
    Hotels and other lodging places..... 1,920.2 1,898.3 1,953.8 1,948.7   1,784   1,791   1,786   1,797   1,808   1,810
    Personal services................... 1,154.7 1,172.6 1,163.5 1,162.8   1,197   1,204   1,189   1,200   1,206   1,205
    Business services................... 8,751.1 9,137.5 9,182.1 9,292.9   8,649   9,010   9,047   9,088   9,139   9,185
      Services to buildings.............   960.5   994.6   997.7 1,004.3     952     978     979     984     990     996
      Personnel supply services......... 3,333.9 3,403.2 3,418.7 3,507.2   3,249   3,350   3,366   3,387   3,416   3,419
        Help supply services............ 2,971.0 3,017.3 3,030.1 3,117.8   2,887   2,975   2,986   3,000   3,021   3,030
      Computer and data processing                                                                                      
         services....................... 1,626.9 1,781.5 1,796.0 1,808.6   1,626   1,749   1,765   1,781   1,793   1,808
    Auto repair, services, and parking.. 1,157.0 1,192.3 1,193.4 1,193.2   1,150   1,178   1,182   1,184   1,185   1,186
    Miscellaneous repair services.......   385.7   398.6   399.5   401.1     382     396     398     395     394     397
    Motion pictures.....................   586.6   613.2   607.2   611.5     575     587     604     611     597     599
    Amusement and recreation services... 1,862.2 1,949.3 2,006.4 1,981.1   1,608   1,668   1,675   1,695   1,694   1,711
    Health services..................... 9,874.8 9,989.3 10008.0 10010.8   9,859   9,951   9,954   9,964   9,976   9,995
      Offices and clinics of medical                                                                                    
         doctors........................ 1,817.6 1,868.7 1,877.2 1,882.1   1,811   1,856   1,860   1,864   1,870   1,875
      Nursing and personal care                                                                                         
         facilities..................... 1,765.4 1,756.9 1,759.1 1,760.0   1,760   1,753   1,755   1,755   1,753   1,755
      Hospitals......................... 3,944.4 3,976.6 3,984.5 3,981.2   3,937   3,966   3,966   3,969   3,968   3,974
      Home health care services.........   658.8   655.3   653.9   655.1     661     656     653     653     655     658
    Legal services......................   983.3 1,016.4 1,018.0 1,010.4     977     998     999   1,002   1,000   1,004
    Educational services................ 1,868.1 2,069.6 1,986.3 1,949.8   2,176   2,254   2,265   2,272   2,274   2,271
    Social services..................... 2,620.9 2,776.5 2,782.4 2,758.4   2,660   2,755   2,760   2,778   2,765   2,799
      Child day care services...........   560.7   619.3   578.7   576.1     610     628     629     633     631     627
      Residential care..................   753.3   782.9   786.8   788.3     749     772     775     777     780     784
    Museums and botanical and zoological                                                                                
      gardens...........................    99.4   101.2   102.6   101.2      93      94      93      94      94      94
    Membership organizations............ 2,405.0 2,447.7 2,476.8 2,447.0   2,365   2,392   2,394   2,409   2,404   2,406
    Engineering and management services. 3,224.3 3,435.1 3,468.8 3,462.5   3,214   3,370   3,391   3,411   3,441   3,451
      Engineering and architectural                                                                                     
         services.......................   926.3   955.4   963.7   963.4     912     939     940     942     949     949
      Management and public relations... 1,050.8 1,162.6 1,176.5 1,180.8   1,046   1,133   1,143   1,153   1,163   1,175
    Services, nec.......................    52.5    57.4    58.3    56.5   (1)     (1)     (1)     (1)     (1)     (1)  
                                                                                                                        
  Government............................  18,676  20,178  19,093  18,997  19,869  20,099  20,077  20,105  20,156  20,203
    Federal.............................   2,695   2,682   2,669   2,665   2,688   2,688   2,666   2,664   2,657   2,659
      Federal, except Postal Service.... 1,834.1 1,815.1 1,800.9 1,793.5   1,818   1,809   1,788   1,789   1,777   1,778
    State...............................   4,379   4,533   4,458   4,443   4,633   4,688   4,677   4,675   4,683   4,701
      Education......................... 1,641.9 1,758.8 1,666.1 1,667.6   1,931   1,955   1,941   1,934   1,948   1,961
      Other State government............ 2,737.1 2,774.6 2,792.3 2,775.4   2,702   2,733   2,736   2,741   2,735   2,740
    Local...............................  11,602  12,963  11,966  11,889  12,548  12,723  12,734  12,766  12,816  12,843
      Education......................... 5,940.0 7,266.1 6,111.3 6,111.6   7,109   7,206   7,225   7,239   7,268   7,293
      Other local government............ 5,662.1 5,696.6 5,854.3 5,777.8   5,439   5,517   5,509   5,527   5,548   5,550

  1 These series are not published seasonally adjusted because the seasonal component, which is small relative to the
trend-cycle and irregular components, cannot be separated with sufficient precision.
  2 Includes other industries, not shown separately.
  p = preliminary.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA                                                                                    ESTABLISHMENT DATA


Table B-2. Average weekly hours of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by industry
                                                                                                                        
                                                                                                                        
                                             Not seasonally adjusted                   Seasonally adjusted              
                                                                                                                        
                Industry                                                                                                
                                           Aug.    June   July    Aug.     Aug.    Apr.    May     June   July    Aug. 
                                           1998    1999   1999p   1999p    1998    1999    1999    1999   1999p   1999p 
                                                                                                                        
       Total private....................   35.2    34.6    34.7    35.1    34.6    34.4    34.4    34.5    34.5    34.6 
                                                                                                                        
Goods-producing.........................   41.4    41.3    40.9    41.3    41.1    40.9    41.0    41.2    41.2    41.1 
                                                                                                                        
  Mining................................   44.0    44.2    44.6    44.5    43.7    43.8    44.1    44.0    45.0    44.2 
                                                                                                                        
  Construction..........................   40.2    39.8    39.9    40.0    39.2    38.6    38.9    39.4    38.9    39.0 
                                                                                                                        
  Manufacturing.........................   41.7    41.8    41.2    41.7    41.7    41.6    41.7    41.7    41.9    41.7 
      Overtime hours....................    4.7     4.7     4.4     4.7     4.5     4.3     4.6     4.7     4.7     4.6 
                                                                                                                        
   Durable goods........................   42.2    42.4    41.6    42.2    42.3    42.1    42.2    42.3    42.5    42.3 
      Overtime hours....................    4.8     4.8     4.5     4.7     4.7     4.3     4.7     4.8     4.9     4.7 
                                                                                                                        
    Lumber and wood products............   41.6    41.6    41.2    41.5    41.2    41.2    41.2    41.1    41.2    41.1 
    Furniture and fixtures..............   41.0    40.3    40.2    40.7    40.6    40.4    40.4    40.4    40.6    40.3 
    Stone, clay, and glass products.....   44.2    43.9    43.7    44.3    43.6    43.1    43.4    43.4    43.5    43.7 
    Primary metal industries............   43.8    44.4    43.6    44.1    44.1    44.0    44.3    44.3    44.5    44.4 
      Blast furnaces and basic steel                                                                                    
         products.......................   44.2    45.2    44.6    44.7    44.4    44.5    44.8    45.2    45.1    44.9 
    Fabricated metal products...........   42.2    42.3    41.5    42.3    42.3    41.8    42.1    42.1    42.3    42.4 
    Industrial machinery and equipment..   42.6    42.1    41.7    42.1    42.9    41.9    42.1    42.0    42.4    42.5 
    Electronic and other electrical                                                                                     
       equipment........................   41.5    41.5    40.8    41.2    41.5    41.1    41.5    41.5    41.6    41.3 
    Transportation equipment............   42.8    44.1    42.1    43.5    43.0    44.0    43.5    44.2    44.3    43.7 
      Motor vehicles and equipment......   42.5    45.4    42.5    44.3    43.0    45.1    44.4    45.4    45.7    44.8 
    Instruments and related products....   41.2    41.5    41.0    41.2    41.3    41.6    41.6    41.5    41.7    41.4 
    Miscellaneous manufacturing.........   40.0    39.9    39.2    40.1    40.0    39.6    40.2    40.0    40.0    40.2 
                                                                                                                        
   Nondurable goods.....................   41.0    41.0    40.6    41.0    40.9    40.9    41.0    41.0    41.0    40.9 
      Overtime hours....................    4.5     4.4     4.4     4.6     4.3     4.2     4.4     4.5     4.5     4.4 
                                                                                                                        
    Food and kindred products...........   42.0    41.6    41.8    41.9    41.7    41.9    41.8    41.8    42.0    41.6 
    Tobacco products....................   39.3    40.1    40.3    38.5    39.2    38.6    39.9    39.1    41.0    38.4 
    Textile mill products...............   41.2    41.0    40.6    41.1    41.0    41.0    41.0    40.6    41.3    40.9 
    Apparel and other textile products..   37.6    38.1    36.9    37.4    37.4    37.5    37.8    37.7    37.4    37.2 
    Paper and allied products...........   43.1    43.5    43.0    43.4    43.3    43.6    43.5    43.5    43.5    43.7 
    Printing and publishing.............   38.6    37.9    38.0    38.4    38.5    38.1    38.3    38.3    38.3    38.3 
    Chemicals and allied products.......   43.0    43.0    42.6    43.1    43.2    43.0    43.0    43.0    43.0    43.3 
    Petroleum and coal products.........   44.0    43.0    43.6    42.6    (2)     (2)     (2)     (2)     (2)     (2)  
    Rubber and misc. plastics products..   41.5    41.9    41.0    41.4    41.7    41.5    41.9    41.8    41.7    41.6 
    Leather and leather products........   38.4    38.4    36.7    38.2    37.9    38.1    38.4    37.9    37.1    37.8 
                                                                                                                        
Service-producing.......................   33.5    32.9    33.1    33.5    32.9    32.8    32.8    32.8    32.9    32.9 
                                                                                                                        
  Transportation and public utilities...   39.9    39.0    39.0    39.7    39.4    39.0    38.8    38.9    38.8    39.2 
                                                                                                                        
  Wholesale trade.......................   38.7    38.4    38.4    38.8    38.4    38.4    38.3    38.4    38.4    38.5 
                                                                                                                        
  Retail trade..........................   29.9    29.4    29.8    30.0    29.0    29.0    29.1    29.1    29.1    29.1 
                                                                                                                        
  Finance, insurance, and real estate...   36.9    35.9    36.1    36.8    (2)     (2)     (2)     (2)     (2)     (2)  
                                                                                                                        
  Services..............................   33.2    32.6    32.8    33.2    32.7    32.5    32.5    32.6    32.6    32.7 

  1 Data relate to production workers in mining and manufacturing; construction workers in construction; and
nonsupervisory workers in transportation and public utilities; wholesale and retail trade; finance, insurance, and real
estate; and services. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employees on private nonfarm
payrolls.
  2 These series are not published seasonally adjusted because the seasonal component, which is small relative to the
trend-cycle and irregular components, cannot be separated with sufficient precision.
  p = preliminary.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA                                                                                    ESTABLISHMENT DATA


Table B-3. Average hourly and weekly earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by
industry
                                                                                                                        
                                                                                                                        
                                                 Average hourly earnings                 Average weekly earnings        
                                                                                                                        
                Industry                                                                                                
                                            Aug.      June     July      Aug.       Aug.      June     July      Aug.  
                                            1998      1999     1999p     1999p      1998      1999     1999p     1999p  
                                                                                                                        
       Total private....................  $12.76    $13.14    $13.16    $13.21    $449.15   $454.64   $456.65   $463.67 
        Seasonally adjusted.............   12.85     13.24     13.28     13.30     444.61    456.78    458.16    460.18 
                                                                                                                        
Goods-producing.........................   14.41     14.83     14.91     14.92     596.57    612.48    609.82    616.20 
                                                                                                                        
  Mining................................   16.88     16.93     17.14     17.08     742.72    748.31    764.44    760.06 
                                                                                                                        
  Construction..........................   16.77     17.08     17.23     17.27     674.15    679.78    687.48    690.80 
                                                                                                                        
  Manufacturing.........................   13.45     13.91     13.92     13.93     560.87    581.44    573.50    580.88 
                                                                                                                        
   Durable goods........................   13.92     14.40     14.38     14.44     587.42    610.56    598.21    609.37 
    Lumber and wood products............   11.18     11.45     11.51     11.55     465.09    476.32    474.21    479.33 
    Furniture and fixtures..............   10.96     11.16     11.25     11.28     449.36    449.75    452.25    459.10 
    Stone, clay, and glass products.....   13.63     13.94     14.01     13.91     602.45    611.97    612.24    616.21 
    Primary metal industries............   15.45     15.91     16.04     15.97     676.71    706.40    699.34    704.28 
      Blast furnaces and basic steel                                                                                    
         products.......................   18.46     19.05     19.19     18.97     815.93    861.06    855.87    847.96 
    Fabricated metal products...........   13.04     13.46     13.46     13.52     550.29    569.36    558.59    571.90 
    Industrial machinery and equipment..   14.46     14.99     15.06     15.14     616.00    631.08    628.00    637.39 
    Electronic and other electrical                                                                                     
       equipment........................   13.10     13.40     13.49     13.42     543.65    556.10    550.39    552.90 
    Transportation equipment............   17.29     18.20     17.94     18.09     740.01    802.62    755.27    786.92 
      Motor vehicles and equipment......   17.52     18.68     18.23     18.39     744.60    848.07    774.78    814.68 
    Instruments and related products....   13.79     14.13     14.26     14.34     568.15    586.40    584.66    590.81 
    Miscellaneous manufacturing.........   10.85     11.30     11.30     11.29     434.00    450.87    442.96    452.73 
                                                                                                                        
   Nondurable goods.....................   12.75     13.15     13.22     13.18     522.75    539.15    536.73    540.38 
    Food and kindred products...........   11.76     12.16     12.15     12.09     493.92    505.86    507.87    506.57 
    Tobacco products....................   18.96     20.79     21.22     20.51     745.13    833.68    855.17    789.64 
    Textile mill products...............   10.37     10.76     10.71     10.72     427.24    441.16    434.83    440.59 
    Apparel and other textile products..    8.54      8.89      8.83      8.87     321.10    338.71    325.83    331.74 
    Paper and allied products...........   15.54     15.98     16.07     16.01     669.77    695.13    691.01    694.83 
    Printing and publishing.............   13.47     13.73     13.80     13.81     519.94    520.37    524.40    530.30 
    Chemicals and allied products.......   17.14     17.35     17.48     17.46     737.02    746.05    744.65    752.53 
    Petroleum and coal products.........   20.80     21.14     21.37     21.29     915.20    909.02    931.73    906.95 
    Rubber and misc. plastics products..   11.84     12.25     12.36     12.30     491.36    513.28    506.76    509.22 
    Leather and leather products........    9.28      9.57      9.56      9.67     356.35    367.49    350.85    369.39 
                                                                                                                        
Service-producing.......................   12.22     12.60     12.61     12.67     409.37    414.54    417.39    424.45 
                                                                                                                        
  Transportation and public utilities...  $15.30    $15.56    $15.73    $15.66    $610.47   $606.84   $613.47   $621.70 
                                                                                                                        
  Wholesale trade.......................   14.18     14.44     14.54     14.64     548.77    554.50    558.34    568.03 
                                                                                                                        
  Retail trade..........................    8.72      9.02      9.02      9.03     260.73    265.19    268.80    270.90 
                                                                                                                        
  Finance, insurance, and real estate...   14.12     14.50     14.53     14.66     521.03    520.55    524.53    539.49 
                                                                                                                        
  Services..............................   12.75     13.23     13.20     13.28     423.30    431.30    432.96    440.90 

  1 See footnote 1, table B-2.
  p = preliminary.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA                                                              ESTABLISHMENT DATA


Table B-4. Average hourly earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm
payrolls by industry, seasonally adjusted
                                                                                                  
                                                                                                  
                                                                                         Percent  
                                   Aug.     Apr.     May      June     July     Aug.      change  
            Industry               1998     1999     1999     1999     1999p    1999p     from:   
                                                                                        July 1999-
                                                                                        Aug. 1999 
                                                                                                  
Total private:                                                                                    
   Current dollars..............   $12.85   $13.14   $13.18   $13.24   $13.28   $13.30      0.2   
   Constant (1982) dollars2.....     7.78     7.83     7.85     7.89     7.88     N.A.     (3)    
                                                                                                  
  Goods-producing...............    14.39    14.67    14.75    14.85    14.91    14.89      -.1   
    Mining......................    17.00    16.87    17.05    16.96    17.25    17.20      -.3   
    Construction................    16.67    16.97    17.08    17.16    17.19    17.16      -.2   
    Manufacturing...............    13.53    13.79    13.85    13.95    14.02    14.01      -.1   
      Excluding overtime4.......    12.82    13.09    13.13    13.20    13.27    13.27       .0   
                                                                                                  
  Service-producing.............    12.35    12.65    12.68    12.73    12.77    12.80       .2   
    Transportation and public                                                                     
       utilities................    15.33    15.60    15.65    15.65    15.77    15.69      -.5   
    Wholesale trade.............    14.17    14.44    14.48    14.56    14.60    14.62       .1   
    Retail trade................     8.80     9.03     9.04     9.06     9.10     9.12       .2   
    Finance, insurance, and real                                                                  
       estate...................    14.14    14.58    14.60    14.62    14.68    14.68       .0   
    Services....................    12.94    13.28    13.33    13.38    13.42    13.47       .4   

  1 See footnote 1, table B-2.
  2 The Consumer Price Index for Urban Wage Earners and Clerical Workers (CPI-W) is used to
deflate this series.
  3 Change was -.1 percent from June 1999 to July 1999, the latest month available.
  4 Derived by assuming that overtime hours are paid at the rate of time and one-half.
    N.A. = not available.
  p = preliminary.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA                                                                                    ESTABLISHMENT DATA


Table B-5. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by
industry

(1982=100)
                                                                                                                        
                                                                                                                        
                                             Not seasonally adjusted                   Seasonally adjusted              
                                                                                                                        
                Industry                                                                                                
                                          Aug.   June    July     Aug.    Aug.    Apr.    May    June    July     Aug.  
                                          1998   1999    1999p    1999p   1998    1999    1999   1999    1999p    1999p 
                                                                                                                        
       Total private....................  149.4  150.0   150.7    152.4   145.5  147.0   147.2   147.8   148.3    148.5 
                                                                                                                        
Goods-producing.........................  118.7  117.0   116.1    117.7   115.4  114.2   114.4   114.6   115.1    114.3 
                                                                                                                        
  Mining................................   57.0   50.5    51.5     51.5    55.3   50.4    50.1    49.7    51.0     50.1 
                                                                                                                        
  Construction..........................  182.0  182.8   187.3    187.6   165.4  169.2   170.0   172.8   170.8    170.2 
                                                                                                                        
  Manufacturing.........................  109.0  107.1   104.9    106.9   108.5  106.5   106.5   106.3   107.2    106.4 
                                                                                                                        
   Durable goods........................  112.4  111.6   108.6    110.7   112.6  110.4   110.5   110.4   111.8    111.0 
    Lumber and wood products............  149.7  150.6   149.6    151.6   145.5  147.5   147.3   146.9   147.5    147.3 
    Furniture and fixtures..............  136.3  136.7   135.6    137.8   135.3  135.6   135.9   136.2   138.8    136.8 
    Stone, clay, and glass products.....  120.2  120.8   119.6    121.5   116.0  116.2   117.0   116.8   117.5    117.3 
    Primary metal industries............   92.4   90.7    88.2     89.4    93.3   89.9    90.3    89.8    91.1     90.4 
      Blast furnaces and basic steel                                                                                    
         products.......................   70.9   69.8    69.1     69.1    71.3   69.1    69.2    69.4    69.6     69.3 
    Fabricated metal products...........  118.1  117.9   114.1    116.8   118.6  116.2   116.9   116.6   118.2    117.4 
    Industrial machinery and equipment..  108.3  104.9   102.7    102.5   110.0  104.1   104.5   104.0   105.2    104.4 
    Electronic and other electrical                                                                                     
       equipment........................  108.6  106.1   104.7    105.8   109.1  105.6   106.2   105.9   107.9    106.6 
    Transportation equipment............  123.6  126.0   118.0    124.5   125.1  125.5   123.4   125.0   127.1    126.1 
      Motor vehicles and equipment......  154.1  168.4   154.1    165.5   157.3  164.8   162.4   165.9   171.6    169.1 
    Instruments and related products....   75.9   75.7    74.5     74.3    76.3   75.8    75.6    75.2    75.8     74.7 
    Miscellaneous manufacturing.........  103.2  101.3    98.2    101.8   103.2  100.3   101.4   100.9   100.9    101.8 
                                                                                                                        
   Nondurable goods.....................  104.5  100.9    99.7    101.7   102.8  101.2   101.1   100.5   100.9    100.1 
    Food and kindred products...........  123.5  117.0   119.9    123.9   116.5  118.9   118.5   117.9   119.2    116.9 
    Tobacco products....................   60.6   50.8    50.1     49.8    60.2   55.4    55.3    56.2    58.9     49.4 
    Textile mill products...............   86.0   81.2    79.3     80.3    85.7   81.6    81.1    79.8    81.3     79.9 
    Apparel and other textile products..   67.2   61.6    57.8     58.8    66.5   61.4    61.4    60.4    59.4     58.3 
    Paper and allied products...........  108.2  106.8   105.0    106.2   108.1  106.7   106.3   106.0   105.8    106.3 
    Printing and publishing.............  125.6  121.0   121.2    122.5   125.4  121.9   122.3   122.3   122.1    122.3 
    Chemicals and allied products.......  103.3  102.4   101.3    102.7   103.4  102.4   102.3   101.9   102.1    102.8 
    Petroleum and coal products.........   79.6   75.2    77.6     76.0    76.6   74.5    73.9    72.9    74.9     73.3 
    Rubber and misc. plastics products..  146.8  150.4   145.2    148.6   147.7  148.5   149.5   148.6   149.6    149.4 
    Leather and leather products........   36.1   32.9    28.7     31.2    35.5   32.8    32.4    32.0    30.2     30.8 
                                                                                                                        
Service-producing.......................  163.1  164.8   166.3    168.0   159.0  161.6   161.9   162.7   163.2    163.8 
                                                                                                                        
  Transportation and public utilities...  133.8  134.8   134.0    136.9   132.6  133.6   133.0   133.7   133.6    135.5 
                                                                                                                        
  Wholesale trade.......................  130.9  133.1   133.5    134.6   129.2  131.6   131.5   132.0   132.3    132.6 
                                                                                                                        
  Retail trade..........................  145.6  146.6   148.8    149.6   140.1  142.6   143.3   143.6   144.4    144.2 
                                                                                                                        
  Finance, insurance, and real estate...  141.3  140.5   142.1    144.2   137.2  139.1   138.8   139.4   140.7    140.4 
                                                                                                                        
  Services..............................  200.1  202.9   204.8    207.0   195.4  198.9   199.3   200.7   201.0    202.2 

  1 See footnote 1, table B-2.
  p = preliminary.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA                                                                                   ESTABLISHMENT DATA


Table B-6.  Diffusion indexes of employment change, seasonally adjusted

(Percent)
                                                                                                                       
                                                                                                                       
       Time span          Jan.    Feb.    Mar.    Apr.    May     June    July    Aug.   Sept.    Oct.    Nov.    Dec. 
                                                                                                                       
                        
                                                   Private nonfarm payrolls, 356 industries1
                        
                                                                                                                       
                                                                                                                       
Over 1-month span:                                                                                                     
     1995..............   63.8    58.0    54.6    56.5    47.5    54.8    55.6    59.1    57.9    56.9    55.2    57.7 
     1996..............   49.6    64.9    59.4    55.1    61.9    60.8    57.0    62.5    57.3    63.5    59.7    61.2 
     1997..............   56.2    61.0    61.9    62.8    58.8    56.3    60.7    61.0    59.4    65.4    63.6    62.1 
     1998..............   63.8    57.9    58.8    60.5    55.9    57.9    58.0    55.8    54.6    52.9    59.1    58.6 
     1999..............   54.4    58.3    52.1    58.8    51.5    57.0   p57.9   p50.1                                 
                                                                                                                       
                                                                                                                       
Over 3-month span:                                                                                                     
     1995..............   63.8    62.9    58.0    53.5    53.9    52.7    59.3    61.0    59.4    58.6    57.3    55.3 
     1996..............   62.6    62.5    63.3    63.1    63.1    64.3    64.3    62.2    64.6    64.2    66.2    63.2 
     1997..............   63.8    63.6    67.7    67.3    62.6    61.7    61.4    66.2    67.3    69.9    70.8    71.2 
     1998..............   66.7    66.2    64.5    63.9    61.4    58.7    60.0    58.4    57.6    57.6    59.0    60.4 
     1999..............   60.7    55.9    59.6    54.6    56.3   p56.3   p55.5                                         
                                                                                                                       
                                                                                                                       
Over 6-month span:                                                                                                     
     1995..............   66.7    59.7    58.6    56.5    59.0    60.0    57.7    61.0    60.5    59.3    61.7    63.2 
     1996..............   62.6    65.2    64.5    65.2    64.7    64.6    67.0    65.4    65.9    66.7    66.9    66.7 
     1997..............   67.4    68.3    65.6    67.0    65.6    64.9    66.3    68.4    69.7    71.3    71.3    71.9 
     1998..............   70.6    66.9    65.9    62.4    62.6    61.1    58.0    59.8    60.0    60.8    60.8    58.0 
     1999..............   61.1    58.8    57.3   p59.4   p55.6                                                         
                                                                                                                       
                                                                                                                       
Over 12-month span:                                                                                                    
     1995..............   63.6    62.4    62.6    63.3    61.7    61.9    58.7    62.2    62.2    61.5    63.5    65.4 
     1996..............   64.5    66.7    64.5    65.6    68.5    67.3    67.7    66.4    68.0    69.9    68.7    66.9 
     1997..............   69.0    67.3    68.3    69.7    69.5    70.1    70.1    70.4    70.5    69.7    69.8    71.3 
     1998..............   70.4    68.3    67.1    64.0    62.1    61.7    61.8    63.8    59.8    59.0    59.3    58.6 
     1999..............  p59.7   p56.7                                                                                 
                                                                                                                       
                        
                                                    Manufacturing payrolls, 139 industries1
                        
                                                                                                                       
                                                                                                                       
Over 1-month span:                                                                                                     
     1995..............   57.2    50.4    47.1    52.9    41.4    45.3    45.0    51.1    48.6    51.1    45.3    48.2 
     1996..............   42.4    55.4    46.8    41.0    55.8    51.4    47.1    56.5    48.9    55.0    50.7    54.0 
     1997..............   50.0    52.9    53.6    56.1    52.2    53.2    51.1    55.4    53.6    62.2    61.2    55.4 
     1998..............   58.6    51.8    50.4    50.4    40.6    46.8    40.3    45.3    42.1    36.3    39.9    45.0 
     1999..............   40.3    42.4    39.6    44.6    36.3    45.3   p57.9   p39.2                                 
                                                                                                                       
                                                                                                                       
Over 3-month span:                                                                                                     
     1995..............   55.4    51.4    44.2    41.7    43.5    37.4    42.1    43.9    48.2    46.8    44.6    41.4 
     1996..............   46.8    46.0    43.5    46.0    48.2    51.1    51.8    49.6    53.2    52.5    55.0    50.7 
     1997..............   51.8    51.4    57.6    56.8    54.3    51.8    53.6    55.4    59.7    68.3    65.8    64.4 
     1998..............   59.4    57.9    51.8    44.2    41.7    34.9    37.4    37.1    38.1    34.2    35.6    35.3 
     1999..............   37.4    31.7    37.1    30.2    33.8   p43.9   p44.6                                         
                                                                                                                       
                                                                                                                       
Over 6-month span:                                                                                                     
     1995..............   55.4    45.7    43.2    38.1    41.7    42.8    41.0    42.1    43.5    43.2    44.2    45.0 
     1996..............   41.4    46.0    45.7    47.1    46.0    48.6    52.9    50.4    51.8    51.4    52.5    51.8 
     1997..............   54.7    54.0    51.4    54.3    52.5    52.2    55.4    61.2    61.5    64.7    66.2    65.1 
     1998..............   59.7    49.3    48.2    36.7    36.7    36.7    28.4    31.3    33.5    35.3    32.7    28.1 
     1999..............   33.1    29.1    28.1   p36.3   p31.7                                                         
                                                                                                                       
                                                                                                                       
Over 12-month span:                                                                                                    
     1995..............   46.0    44.2    46.0    47.8    41.0    41.7    38.5    38.8    36.3    38.5    39.9    44.6 
     1996..............   43.5    47.5    45.3    45.3    50.4    49.6    50.4    48.6    51.1    55.0    54.3    50.7 
     1997..............   54.7    52.5    54.0    54.0    55.4    56.8    57.2    57.9    58.3    56.5    55.4    57.2 
     1998..............   54.0    49.3    46.0    40.6    35.6    33.8    30.9    32.0    26.6    26.6    25.5    26.3 
     1999..............  p31.7   p25.9                                                                                 

  1 Based on seasonally adjusted data for 1-, 3-, and 6-month spans and unadjusted data for the 12-month span. Data are
centered within the span. 
  p = preliminary.
  NOTE:  Figures are the percent of industries with employment increasing plus one-half of the industries with
unchanged employment, where 50 percent indicates an equal balance between industries with increasing and decreasing
employment.