TEXT
Table 1.  Selected industries:  Percent change in output per hour, 1991-92 and 1992-93.
Table 1.  Selected industries:  Percent change in output per hour, 1991-92 and 1992-93--Continued
Table 2.  Selected industries:  Employment and annual rates of change in output per hour
Table 2.  Selected industries:  Employment and annual rates of change in output per hour--Continued
Table 2.  Selected industries:  Employment and annual rates of change in output per hour--Continued
Table 2.  Selected industries:  Employment and annual rates of change in output per hour--Continued
Table 2.  Selected industries:  Employment and annual rates of change in output per hour--Continued


 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Historical, technical                        USDL 95-62
 information:  (202) 606-5618      FOR RELEASE: 10:00 a.m.
                EST.
               (202) 606-5623      Tuesday, February 28, 1995
Media contact: (202) 606-5902
 
 
               PRODUCTIVITY BY INDUSTRY, 1993
 
     The Bureau of Labor Statistics of the U.S. Department of
Labor today reported on productivity movements in 1993 for a
number of industries.  Productivity--as measured  by output
per employee hour--has been updated through 1993 for all of
the industries in mining, communications, utilities, trade,
and services that BLS measures.  A number of transportation
and manufacturing industries also have been updated to 1993,
including many of the largest (employing over 200,000
persons) measured by BLS (table 1).
 
Manufacturing
 
     Within the manufacturing sector, 1993 data are
available for 21 industries, 16 of
which experienced productivity increases.  Among the
manufacturing industries recording productivity increases in
1993 were motor vehicles and equipment (SIC 371) and steel
(SIC 331), which together employed over a million persons.
In the motor vehicles and equipment industry, productivity
rose 3.4 percent; in the steel industry, productivity grew
12.4 percent.  These were the second consecutive annual
increases in productivity for both industries, and, for the
steel industry, the increase represented the largest year-to-
year gain in a decade.
 
Transportation, communications, and utilities
 
     The number of transportation, communications, and
utilities industries recording growth in productivity was
unchanged between 1992 and 1993; in both years, petroleum
pipelines was the only industry in the group to register a
decline in productivity.  Of the industries registering
increases in productivity, all but airline transportation
exhibited higher rates of growth in 1993 than in 1992.  The
productivity growth rates were 10.3 percent in gas utilities,
7.6 percent in railroad transportation, 6.6 percent in
telephone communications, 4.2 percent in electric utilities,
and 3.3 percent in air transportation.
 
 
                              2
 
 
Trade
 
     Productivity increased in 11 of the 19 industries in the
trade sector for which BLS has measures.  In 1992, 15 of
these same 19 industries recorded productivity increases.
Radio, television, and computer stores, with a productivity
increase of 13.0 percent in 1993, had the highest increase
among the trade industries.  This also was the highest rate
of growth in productivity of all measured industries in 1993.
Output per hour in retail bakeries declined 14.2 percent,
which was the largest decline in productivity of all measured
industries.
 
Services
 
     Among the remaining service-producing industries,
commercial banks posted a gain in productivity of 10.8
percent in 1993, following a productivity increase of 4.4
percent in 1992.  Hotels and motels; laundry, cleaning, and
garment services; beauty and barber shops; and automotive
repair shops all recorded productivity declines in 1993 after
experiencing growth in 1992.
 
Mining
 
     The mining industries with increases in productivity in
1993 also had increases in 1992.  Coal mining recorded the
highest 1993 rate of growth in productivity among the mining
industries, at 9.0 percent.  The other mining industries
recording productivity increases were crude petroleum and
natural gas production, 4.2 percent; nonmetallic minerals,
1.9 percent; and copper mining recoverable metal, 1.5
percent.  The only mining industry to show a productivity
decline in 1993, iron mining, usable ore, also had a decline
in 1992.
 
Additional Measures
 
     Labor productivity data for the 178 industries measured
by BLS, covering the periods 1973-92 and 1990-92, can be
found in table 2 of this news release.  In addition to these
industry labor productivity measures, BLS produces
multifactor productivity measures for selected industries and
labor productivity measures for selected federal government
services.  Multifactor measures have been updated to 1992 and
the federal government measures have been updated to 1993.
Measures for federal government functions and industry
multifactor productivity can be obtained by writing the
Office of Productivity and Technology, Room 2150, Bureau of Labor
Statistics, Washington, DC 20212-0001, or by phoning:  202-
606-5621 for federal government services, or 202-606-5624 for
industry multifactor productivity measures.
 
 
                              3
 
 
Revisions
 
     BLS staff routinely reviews the adequacy of the
underlying data and the measurement methods used for industry
productivity statistics.  As a result, the data in this news
release contain revisions to series published in BLS Bulletin
2440, Productivity Measures for Selected Industries and
Government Services, and in table 45 in the Monthly Labor
Review.  In Bulletin 2440, over 90 industry measures were
updated to 1992.  This year, following review of the data, it
was determined that 56 industries would be updated to 1993.
Because of limitations in some of the underlying data, the
industry measures for cigars (SIC 212) will no longer be
published.  Other data limitations led to revisions in the
output measure for the motor vehicles and equipment industry.
Data in this news release are preliminary and are subject to
revision.
 
Notes
 
     These productivity measures describe the relationship
between output and the labor time involved in its production.
They show the changes from period to period in the amount of
goods and services produced per hour. Although these measures
relate output to hours at work of employees or all persons
engaged in an industry, they do not measure the specific
contribution of labor, capital, or any other factor of
production.  Rather, they reflect the joint effects of many
influences, including changes in technology; capital
investment; level of output; utilization of capacity, energy,
and materials; the organization of production; managerial
skill; and the characteristics and effort of the workforce.
BLS Bulletin 2414, BLS Handbook of Methods, provides
additional information on the methods used to compute
productivity.
 
     Information in this release will be made available to
sensory impaired individuals upon request.  Voice phone: 202-
606-7828, TDD phone: 202-606-5897, TDD Message Referral Phone
Number 1-800-326-2577.
 
Table 1.  Selected industries:  Percent change in output per hour, 1991-92 and 1992-93.
 
SIC code                                 Industry
                                                                         1991-92     1992-93
 
                                           Mining
 
101                Iron mining, usable ore...............................  -1.3        -2.6
102                Copper mining, recoverable metal......................  15.2         1.5
12                 Coal mining...........................................   8.5         9.0
131                Crude petroleum and natural gas.......................   4.6         4.2
14                 Nonmetallic minerals, except fuels....................   5.6         1.9
 
                                       Manufacturing
 
2026               Fluid milk............................................   1.4         1.0
2061,62            Raw and refined cane sugar............................   0.1         4.9
2063               Beet sugar............................................   2.7        -4.8
2082               Malt beverages........................................   0.3         2.3
2086               Bottled and canned soft drinks........................   6.7         0.3
211,3              Cigarettes, chewing and smoking tobacco...............   7.4         9.2
2251,52            Hosiery...............................................   5.0         5.0
231                Men's and boys' suits and coats.......................  13.7         2.8
2421               Sawmills and planing mills, general...................   8.0        -3.4
2653               Corrugated and solid fiber boxes......................   0.9         3.2
2657               Folding paperboard boxes..............................   0.0        -1.2
285                Paints and allied products............................   0.3         2.8
291                Petroleum refining....................................   4.8         7.4
301                Tires and inner tubes.................................   7.1         7.0
314                Footwear..............................................  -0.1         3.5
3221               Glass containers......................................   4.9         3.7
331                Steel.................................................   9.2        12.4
3334               Primary aluminum......................................  -0.8        -3.1
3351               Copper rolling and drawing............................   8.5         4.5
3641               Electric lamps........................................  11.7        -4.1
371                Motor vehicles and equipment..........................   8.8         3.4
 
                                      Service-producing
 
4011               Railroad transportation, revenue traffic..............   5.8         7.6
4512,13,22(parts)  Air transportation (1)................................   5.1         3.3
4612,13            Petroleum pipelines...................................  -1.8        -8.2
481                Telephone communications..............................   6.5         6.6
491,3 (part)       Electric utilities....................................   1.7         4.2
492,3 (part)       Gas utilities.........................................   1.4        10.3
5093               Scrap and waste materials.............................   8.4         7.2
525                Hardware stores (2)...................................   4.7         1.2
531                Department stores.....................................   2.4         4.9
533                Variety stores (2)....................................   4.0        -0.7
541                Grocery stores (2)....................................  -0.4         0.2
546                Retail bakeries (2)...................................   0.0       -14.2
551                New and used car dealers..............................   2.2         0.4
553                Auto and home supply stores (2).......................   5.1        -0.2
554                Gasoline service stations (2).........................   4.0         2.5
561                Men's and boys' clothing stores (2)...................  -4.9        -1.8
562                Women's clothing stores (2)...........................  10.8         1.2
See footnotes at end of table.
 
 
Table 1.  Selected industries:  Percent change in output per hour, 1991-92 and 1992-93--Continued
 
SIC code                                 Industry
                                                                         1991-92     1992-93
 
565                Family clothing stores (2)............................   3.7        -1.4
566                Shoe stores (2).......................................   5.8        -3.4
571                Furniture and homefurnishings stores (2)..............   6.9         0.1
572                Household appliance stores (2)........................  11.0         0.9
573                Radio, television, and computer stores (2)............  11.9        13.0
58                 Eating and drinking places (2)........................  -0.5        -0.2
591                Drug stores and proprietary stores (2)................   0.2         3.0
592                Liquor stores (2).....................................   3.5       -13.2
602                Commercial banks......................................   4.4        10.8
701                Hotels and motels (2).................................   6.7        -0.1
721                Laundry, cleaning, and garment services (2)...........   0.5        -0.7
723,4              Beauty and barber shops (2)...........................   5.0        -3.0
753                Automotive repair shops (2)...........................   3.0        -0.9
 
(1) Output per employee.
(2) Output per hour of all persons.
 
 
 
Table 2.  Selected industries:  Employment and annual rates of change in output per hour
 
                                                                                        Annual percent
SIC code                                  Industry                                        change in
                                                                             1993         output per
                                                                          Employment         hour
                                                                          (thousands) 1973-92    1990-92
 
                                           Mining
 
101                Iron mining, crude ore................................        9      3.8       -0.8
101                Iron mining, usable ore...............................        9      2.8       -2.4
102                Copper mining, crude ore..............................       15      5.0       10.2
102                Copper mining, recoverable metal......................       15      5.6        6.6
12                 Coal mining...........................................      109      3.5        5.8
122                Bituminous coal and lignite mining....................      101      3.5        5.8
131                Crude petroleum and natural gas.......................      171     -2.8        2.8
14                 Nonmetallic minerals, except fuels....................      101      1.3        1.9
142                Crushed and broken stone..............................       38      1.4        1.1
 
                                       Manufacturing
 
2011,13            Red meat products.....................................      226      2.2        5.6
2011               Meat packing plants...................................      137      2.3        6.5
2013               Sausages and other prepared meats.....................       89      2.1        4.4
2015               Poultry dressing and processing.......................      216      4.1        7.0
202                Dairy products........................................      154      3.3        3.6
2022               Cheese, natural and processed.........................       41      2.9        7.2
2026               Fluid milk............................................       70      4.0        2.0
203                Preserved fruits and vegetables.......................      246      1.3        1.2
2033               Canned fruits and vegetables..........................       83      2.0        4.2
2037               Frozen fruits and vegetables..........................       50      1.2        3.7
See footnotes at end of table.
 
 
Table 2.  Selected industries:  Employment and annual rates of change in output per hour--Continued
 
                                                                                        Annual percent
 SIC code                                 Industry                                        change in
                                                                             1993         output per
                                                                          Employment         hour
                                                                          (thousands) 1973-92    1990-92
 
                                   Manufacturing--Continued
 
204                Grain mill products...................................      128      3.7 (1)    0.5 (2)
2041,45            Flour (inc. flour mixes) and other grains.............       33      2.7 (1)    2.6 (2)
2041               Flour and other grain mill products...................       20      3.0 (1)   -1.1 (2)
2043               Cereal breakfast foods................................       21      2.4 (1)    3.2 (2)
2044               Rice milling..........................................        5      2.8 (1)   -5.4 (2)
2046               Wet corn milling......................................        9      8.0 (1)   -3.3 (2)
2047,48            Prepared feeds for animals and fowls..................       60      3.6 (1)   -0.4 (2)
2051,52            Bakery products.......................................      207      0.5       -2.2
2061,62,63         Sugar.................................................       22      1.0        2.3
2061,62            Raw and refined cane sugar............................       12      0.7        1.8
2063               Beet sugar............................................       10      1.3        2.6
2082               Malt beverages........................................       40      4.9       -0.9
2086               Bottled and canned soft drinks........................       94      5.8        6.6
2092               Prepared fresh or frozen fish and seafoods............       48     -0.3        1.3
211,2,3            Tobacco products......................................       35      2.6        5.3
211,3              Cigarettes, chewing and smoking tobacco...............       33      2.7        6.6
221,2              Cotton and synthetic broadwoven fabrics...............      155      3.8        4.6
2251,52            Hosiery...............................................       67      3.2        5.2
2281               Yarn spinning mills...................................       76      4.0        3.5
231                Men's and boys' suits and coats.......................       42      1.7        1.4
2421               Sawmills and planing mills, general...................      144      2.6        5.2
2426               Hardwood dimension and flooring mills.................       35      1.0        4.8
2431               Millwork..............................................      103     -0.6       -2.2
2434               Wood kitchen cabinets.................................       69      2.0       11.1
2435,36            Veneer and plywood....................................       52      3.2        3.9
2435               Hardwood veneer and plywood...........................       24      3.5       10.2
2436               Softwood veneer and plywood...........................       28      3.0        0.9
244                Wood containers.......................................       45      1.7 (3)   -1.9
251                Household furniture...................................      277      1.4        2.8
2511,17            Wood household furniture..............................      128      0.6        2.5
2512               Upholstered household furniture.......................       91      2.1        4.6
2514               Metal household furniture.............................       21      1.8        1.7
2515               Mattresses and bedsprings.............................       29      2.3        0.3
252                Office furniture......................................       61      1.3        1.2
2521               Wood office furniture.................................       27      1.4        4.5
2522               Office furniture, except wood.........................       34      1.3       -0.6
261,2,3            Pulp, paper, and paperboard mills.....................      235      2.7        2.9
2653               Corrugated and solid fiber boxes......................      123      2.0        0.3
2657               Folding paperboard boxes..............................       49      1.1       -0.4
2673,74            Paper and plastic bags................................       56      0.7        0.9
281                Industrial inorganic chemicals........................      134      0.7        2.3
2812               Alkalies and chlorine.................................       13      3.0       -2.5
2816               Inorganic pigments....................................       11      1.3       -2.2
2819 (part)        Industrial inorganic chemicals, n.e.c.................       87      0.3        3.8
See footnotes at end of table
 
 
Table 2.  Selected industries:  Employment and annual rates of change in output per hour--Continued
 
                                                                                        Annual percent
 SIC code                                 Industry                                        change in
                                                                             1993         output per
                                                                          Employment         hour
                                                                          (thousands) 1973-92    1990-92
 
                                   Manufacturing--Continued
 
2823,24            Synthetic fibers......................................       69      3.9        3.1
2841               Soaps and detergents..................................       45      1.8       -3.4
2844               Cosmetics and other toiletries........................       69      1.0        2.7
285                Paints and allied products............................       58      2.9        0.0
2869               Industrial organic chemicals, n.e.c...................      122      1.6       -3.0
287                Agricultural chemicals................................       56      2.4        2.3
2873               Nitrogeneous fertilizers..............................        9      3.7        4.5
2874               Phosphatic fertilizers................................       10      2.4        1.5
2875               Fertilizers, mixing only..............................       10      1.9        4.4
2879               Agricultural chemicals, n.e.c.........................       27      2.0        0.6
291                Petroleum refining....................................      112      1.7        1.2
301                Tires and inner tubes.................................       81      4.1        4.2
3052               Rubber and plastics hose and belting..................       24      1.2        1.1
308                Miscellaneous plastics products, n.e.c................      649      2.4        6.4
314                Footwear..............................................       63      0.0        0.1
3221               Glass containers......................................       35      2.5        3.4
324                Cement, hydraulic.....................................       18      2.5        1.2
325                Structural clay products..............................       32      1.4       -1.0
3251,53,59         Clay construction products............................       26      1.4       -0.7
3251               Brick and structural clay tile........................       14      0.7        1.2
3253               Ceramic wall and floor tile...........................       10      2.4       -4.3
3255               Clay refractories.....................................        6      1.3       -2.7
3271,72            Concrete products.....................................       79      0.9       -0.1
3273               Ready-mixed concrete..................................       93      0.0       -0.1
331                Steel.................................................      239      2.7        2.5
3321               Gray and ductile iron foundries.......................       75      1.0        1.2
3324,25            Steel foundries.......................................       38     -0.5        0.6
3325               Steel foundries, n.e.c................................       24      0.5        2.3
3331               Primary copper........................................        5      4.4       -7.5
3334               Primary aluminum......................................       24      2.0        1.4
3351               Copper rolling and drawing............................       22      2.3        5.5
3353,54,55         Aluminum rolling and drawing..........................       54      1.8        5.4
3411               Metal cans............................................       34      3.9        6.0
3423               Hand and edge tools, n.e.c............................       35     -0.4        1.0
3433               Heating equipment, except electric....................       19      2.3        4.0
3441               Fabricated structural metal...........................       67      0.5        3.6
3442               Metal doors, sash, and trim...........................       71      0.8        2.1
3452               Bolts, nuts, rivets, and washers......................       46      1.2       -1.6
3465,66,69         Metal stampings.......................................      184      1.2        4.0
3465               Automotive stampings..................................      101      2.3        6.5
3469               Metal stampings, n.e.c................................       80      0.2        1.6
3491,92,94         Valves and pipe fittings..............................       77      0.5        0.1
3498               Fabricated pipe and fittings..........................       26     -1.5        1.9
3519               Internal combustion engines, n.e.c....................       59      1.2       -1.4
352                Farm and garden machinery.............................       98      1.4       -1.6
See footnotes at end of table.
 
Table 2.  Selected industries:  Employment and annual rates of change in output per hour--Continued
 
                                                                                        Annual percent
 SIC code                                 Industry                                        change in
                                                                             1993         output per
                                                                          Employment         hour
                                                                          (thousands) 1973-92    1990-92
 
                                   Manufacturing--Continued
 
3523               Farm machinery and equipment..........................       73      1.0       -4.1
3524               Lawn and garden equipment.............................       25      2.6        6.3
3531               Construction machinery................................       78      1.0       -5.2
3532               Mining machinery......................................       15     -0.3       -3.4
3533               Oil and gas field machinery...........................       38     -0.8        6.7
3541,42            Machine tools.........................................       52      0.7        3.4
3541               Metal cutting machine tools...........................       37      0.8        3.5
3542               Metal forming machine tools...........................       15      0.1        3.3
3545               Machine tool accessories..............................       48     -0.3       -4.2
3561,63,94         Pumps and compressors.................................       82      1.4       -0.4
3561,94            Pumps and pumping equipment...........................       57      1.4       -1.7
3562               Ball and roller bearings..............................       37     -0.2        3.6
3563               Air and gas compressors...............................       25      1.4        2.0
3585               Refrigeration and heating equipment...................      121      0.4       -0.2
3592               Carburetors, pistons, rings, and valves...............       20      1.5        9.3
3612               Transformers, except electronic.......................       41      1.8        7.8
3613               Switchgear and switchboard apparatus..................       40      1.6        4.1
3621               Motors and generators.................................       76      1.2        4.7
3631,32,33,39      Major household appliances............................       79      2.8        4.5
3631               Household cooking equipment...........................       20      3.5        4.9
3632               Household refrigerators and freezers..................       29      2.4        3.7
3633               Household laundry equipment...........................       16      2.9        6.6
3639               Household appliances, n.e.c...........................       14      2.0        1.5
3641               Electric lamps........................................       22      4.4        9.9
3645,46,47,48      Lighting fixtures and equipment.......................       70      0.9        2.3
3651               Household audio and video equipment...................       59      9.2       11.1
371                Motor vehicles and equipment..........................      833      2.3        1.4
3721               Aircraft..............................................      301      2.7       13.7
3825               Instruments to measure electricity....................       72      3.2        7.2
386                Photographic equipment and supplies...................       90      2.9        3.8
 
                                       Transportation
 
4011               Railroad transportation, revenue traffic..............      218      6.0        7.1
4011               Railroad transportation, car miles....................      218      3.8        3.2
411,13,14 (parts)  Bus carriers, class I.................................       14     -0.7 (4)   -3.1 (5)
4213               Trucking, except local (6)............................      484      2.9 (4)    4.0 (5)
4213 (part)        Trucking, ex. local, general freight (6)..............      297      3.4 (4)    0.4 (5)
4512,13,22(parts)  Air transportation (1)................................      632      2.7        2.6
4612,13            Petroleum pipelines...................................       18      0.3       -2.6
See footnotes at end of table.
 
 
Table 2.  Selected industries:  Employment and annual rates of change in output per hour--Continued
 
                                                                                        Annual percent
 SIC code                                 Industry                                        change in
                                                                             1993         output per
                                                                          Employment         hour
                                                                          (thousands) 1973-92    1990-92
 
                                          Utilities
 
481                Telephone communications..............................      869      5.8        6.1
491,2,3            Gas and electric utilities............................      779      0.5        1.8
491,3 (part)       Electric utilities....................................      585      1.4        2.3
492,3 (part)       Gas utilities.........................................      194     -2.2        0.2
 
                                          Trade (7)
 
5093               Scrap and waste materials.............................      106      2.2 (3)    4.6
525                Hardware stores.......................................      174      1.3       -1.4
531                Department stores.....................................    2,115      2.6        3.3
533                Variety stores........................................      159     -0.2        1.6
54                 Food stores...........................................    3,419     -0.8       -0.7
541                Grocery stores........................................    2,998     -0.8       -0.6
546                Retail bakeries.......................................      191     -1.7        3.0
551                New and used car dealers..............................      912      1.2        0.1
553                Auto and home supply stores...........................      378      2.8        2.7
554                Gasoline service stations.............................      654      3.1        2.5
56                 Apparel and accessory stores..........................    1,239      2.5        4.1
561                Men's and boys' clothing stores.......................       94      1.2       -2.3
562                Women's clothing stores...............................      384      3.8        6.9
565                Family clothing stores................................      331      1.8        2.2
566                Shoe stores...........................................      221      1.6        2.2
57                 Home furniture, furnishings, & equipment stores.......      963      3.4        6.4
571                Furniture and homefurnishings stores..................      543      1.6        3.4
572,3              Appliance, radio, T.V., and computer stores...........      420      5.9       10.1
572                Household appliance stores............................       88      4.2        8.2
573                Radio, television, and computer stores................      331      6.2       10.4
58                 Eating and drinking places............................    7,123     -0.3        0.4
591                Drug stores and proprietary stores....................      604      0.9        1.2
592                Liquor stores.........................................      144      1.0        2.4
 
                                         Services (7)
 
602                Commercial banks......................................    1,497      2.0        3.9
701                Hotels and motels.....................................    1,577     -0.3        3.7
721                Laundry, cleaning, and garment services...............      497     -0.9       -1.0
723,4              Beauty and barber shops...............................      786      0.5        0.3
723                Beauty shops..........................................      723      0.1       -0.5
753                Automotive repair shops...............................      878     -0.3       -1.7
 
(1) 1973 to 1991
(2) 1990 to 1991
(3) 1977 to 1992
(4) 1973 to 1989
(5) 1988 to 1989
(6) Output per employee is used for SIC 4213, SIC 4213 (part), and SIC 4512, 13, 22 (parts).
(7) Output per hour of all persons is used for all trade and service industries except SIC 531, SIC 551, and SIC 602.