TEXT
Table 1.  Average annual pay for 1992 and 1993 for all covered workers 1/ by metropolitan area
Table 2.  Average annual pay for 1992 and 1993 for all covered workers 1/ by Consolidated Metropolitan Statistical Area

Technical information:  (202) 606-6567         USDL 94-516
 
 
Media contact:                606-5902         For release:  10:00 A.M. EDT
                                               Thursday, October 20, 1994
 
 
           AVERAGE ANNUAL PAY LEVELS IN METROPOLITAN AREAS, 1993
 
 
     The average annual pay of employees in metropolitan areas increased
1.8 percent from 1992 to 1993, according to preliminary data released today
by the Bureau of Labor Statistics of the U.S. Department of Labor.  The
average annual pay level for the nation's 310 metropolitan areas was
$27,540 in 1993, up from $27,051 in 1992.  Average annual pay for the
entire nation, metropolitan and non-metropolitan areas combined, was
$26,362 in 1993.  (Average annual pay data by state and industry were
issued on September 23, 1994.)
 
     Metropolitan area pay data in this release are reported using newly
revised statistical definitions for metropolitan areas issued by the Office
of Management and Budget on June 30, 1993.  These revisions established
some new metropolitan areas and redefined the geographic scope of many
others.  Metropolitan pay data issued in prior years were based on 1990
definitions and are not comparable to the data for many of the metropolitan
areas reported here.  For the purpose of year-to-year comparisons, 1992 pay
data presented in this release conform to the new metropolitan area
definitions, and thus may differ from the data previously published (USDL
93-428) under the 1990 definitions.  Along with pay data for 310
Metropolitan Statistical Areas and Primary Metropolitan Statistical Areas,
this release includes averages for the 18 areas designated as Consolidated
Metropolitan Statistical Areas.  (See Technical Note for definitions.)
 
     Annual pay data are compiled from reports submitted by employers
subject to state and federal unemployment insurance (UI) laws covering
109.4 million full- and part-time workers.  Average annual pay is computed
by dividing the total annual payrolls of employees covered under UI
programs by the average monthly number of these employees.  (See Technical
Note.)  Pay differences between areas reflect the varying composition of
employment by occupation, industry, and hours of work, as well as other
factors.  Similarly, over-the-year pay changes may reflect shifts in these
characteristics, as well as changes in the level of average pay.
 
Metropolitan and Primary Metropolitan Statistical Areas
 
     New York, N.Y., led the nation with an average annual pay level of
$39,381 in 1993.  (See table 1.)  San Jose, Calif., had the second highest
average annual pay level ($38,040), followed by Middlesex-Somerset-
Hunterdon, N.J. ($35,573), San Francisco, Calif. ($35,278), and Newark,
N.J. ($35,129).  Average pay levels in these five metropolitan areas ranged
from 28 to 43 percent above the average for all metropolitan areas in the
nation.  Of the 310 metropolitan areas, 38 reported average annual pay
levels above the national metropolitan pay average of $27,540, and 20 had
average pay levels in excess of $30,000.
 
                                   - 2 -
 
     Jacksonville, N.C., recorded the lowest average annual pay level among
metropolitan areas in 1993 ($15,919), followed by Myrtle Beach, S.C.
($17,012), McAllen-Edinburg-Mission, Tex. ($17,173), Brownsville-Harlingen-
San Benito, Tex. ($17,757), and Yuma, Ariz. ($17,759).  Average annual pay
in the five lowest-ranked metropolitan areas averaged 36 to 42 percent
below the national metropolitan pay average.  A total of 28 metropolitan
areas reported average annual pay levels below $20,000.
 
     The largest percentage increase in average annual pay from 1992 to
1993 occurred in Billings, Mont. (5.3 percent), followed by Springfield,
Ill., and Kenosha, Wis. (5.0 percent each), Benton Harbor, Mich. (4.7
percent), and Great Falls, Mont. (4.4 percent).  Forty-two of the 310
metropolitan areas experienced pay increases in excess of 3.0 percent in
1993.
 
     From 1992 to 1993, average annual pay declined in 11 metropolitan
areas.  Fort Smith, Ark., had the largest drop (-2.5 percent), followed by
Sharon, Pa. (-1.5 percent), Visalia-Tulare-Porterville, Calif. (-1.1
percent), Beaumont-Port Arthur, Tex. (-1.0 percent), and Hagerstown, Md.
(-0.7 percent).  In addition to the 11 areas in which average pay levels
declined, a total of 30 metropolitan areas experienced pay growth rates of
less than 1 percent.
 
     Although pay changes among metropolitan areas in 1993 and 1992 cannot
be directly compared due to the revised statistical definitions for the
areas, increases were generally lower in 1993 than in 1992.  As reported
last year, the higher rates of pay growth in 1992 were in part due to early
bonus and lump-sum payments made to private-sector workers in the fourth
quarter of 1992.  Since these payments typically would have been
distributed in the next calendar year, they had a dampening effect on pay
growth rates for 1993.
 
Consolidated Metropolitan Statistical Areas
 
     Average annual pay in the 18 consolidated metropolitan statistical
areas increased by 1.9 percent between 1992 and 1993, from $30,288 to
$30,862.  (See table 2.)  The New York-Northern New Jersey-Long Island,
N.Y.-N.J.-Conn.-Pa., consolidated metropolitan area had the highest pay
level, at $35,799, followed by San Francisco-Oakland-San Jose, Calif.
($33,597), Washington-Baltimore, D.C.-Md.-Va.-W.Va. ($31,156), Detroit-Ann
Arbor-Flint, Mich. ($31,153), and Boston-Worcester-Lawrence-Lowell-
Brockton, Mass.-N.H. ($30,642).
 
     Portland-Salem, Ore.-Wash., had the lowest average annual pay level of
the consolidated metropolitan areas, with an average of $25,699 in 1993.
Miami-Fort Lauderdale, Fla., was second lowest ($25,777), followed by
Milwaukee-Racine, Wis. ($26,131), Cincinnati-Hamilton, Ohio-Ky.-Ind.
($26,310), and Cleveland-Akron, Ohio ($26,730).
 
     Detroit-Ann Arbor-Flint, Mich., had the highest percentage increase in
average annual pay from 1992 to 1993 (3.4 percent), followed by Denver-
Boulder-Greeley, Colo. (2.9 percent), Dallas-Fort Worth, Tex., and San
 
                                   - 3 -
 
Francisco-Oakland-San Jose, Calif. (2.7 percent), and Milwaukee-Racine,
Wis., and Portland-Salem, Ore.-Wash. (2.5 percent).
 
     None of the 18 consolidated metropolitan areas reported a decline in
average annual pay in 1993.  The smallest increases occurred in Seattle-
Tacoma-Bremerton, Wash. (0.3 percent), Houston-Galveston-Brazoria, Tex.
(0.9 percent), Cincinnati-Hamilton, Ohio-Ky.-Ind. (1.5 percent), and
Philadelphia-Wilmington-Atlantic City, Pa.-N.J.-Del.-Md. (1.6 percent).
Three consolidated areas, Los Angeles-Riverside-Orange County, Calif., New
York-Northern New Jersey-Long Island, N.Y.-N.J.-Conn.-Pa., and Sacramento-
Yolo, Calif., reported increases of 1.7 percent.
 
                                   - 4 -
 
Technical Note
 
     These data are the product of a Federal-State cooperative program in
which State Employment Security Agencies (SESAs) prepare summaries of
employment and total pay of workers covered by unemployment insurance (UI)
legislation.  The summaries are a by-product of the administration of state
unemployment insurance programs that require most employers to pay
quarterly taxes based on the employment and wages of workers covered by UI.
Data for 1993 are preliminary and subject to revision.  A news release
providing average annual pay data by state and industry was issued on
September 23, 1994 (USDL 94-454).
 
Coverage
     Employment and wage data for workers covered by state UI laws and for
federal civilian workers covered by the Unemployment Compensation for
Federal Employees (UCFE) program are compiled from quarterly contribution
reports submitted to the SESAs by employers.  In addition to the quarterly
contribution report, employers who operate multiple establishments within a
state complete a questionnaire, called the "Multiple Worksite Report,"
which provides detailed information on the location and industry of each of
their establishments.  Average annual pay data are derived from summaries
of employment and wages submitted by states to the Bureau of Labor
Statistics.
 
     UI and UCFE coverage is broad and basically comparable from state to
state.  In 1993, UI and UCFE programs covered workers in 109.4 million
jobs, representing 96.4 percent of wage and salary civilian employment.
Covered workers received $2.884 trillion in pay representing 93.6 percent
of the wage and salary component of personal income and 45.2 percent of the
gross domestic product.  About 82 percent of all covered workers were
employed in metropolitan areas.  Total wages of workers in metropolitan
areas comprised approximately 86 percent of all covered wages in the
United States.
 
     Major exclusions from UI coverage during 1993 included most
agricultural workers on small farms, all members of the Armed Forces,
elected officials in most states, most employees of railroads, some
domestic workers, most student workers at schools, and employees of certain
small nonprofit organizations.  Other exclusions from UI coverage include
most self-employed individuals and all unpaid family members.
 
Concepts and methodology
       Average annual pay was computed by dividing total annual pay of
employees covered by unemployment insurance programs by the average monthly
number of these employees.  Included in the annual payroll data are
bonuses, the cash value of meals and lodging when supplied, tips and other
gratuities, and, in many states, employer contributions to certain deferred
compensation plans such as 401(k) plans.  Monthly employment is based on
the number of workers who worked during or received pay for the pay period
including the 12th of the month.  With few exceptions, all employees of
covered firms are reported, including production and sales workers,
corporation officials, executives, supervisory personnel, and clerical
workers.  Workers on paid vacation and part-time workers are also included.
 
                                   - 5 -
 
Percentage changes in average annual pay were computed using final 1992
data as the base.
 
     Average annual pay is affected by the ratio of full-time to part-time
workers as well as the number of individuals in high-paying and low-paying
occupations.  When comparing average annual pay levels between metropolitan
areas, these factors should be taken into consideration.  Annual pay
data only approximate annual earnings because an individual may not be
employed by the same employer all year or may work for more than one
employer.  Year to year changes in average annual pay can result from a
change in the proportion of employment in low and high wage jobs, as well
as from changes in the level of average annual pay.
 
     The Office of Management and Budget (OMB) defines metropolitan areas
for use in federal statistical activities and updates these definitions as
needed each June.  Data in this release use newly revised metropolitan area
criteria established by OMB under standards published in the Federal
Register on March 30, 1990 (55 FR12154-12160), and definitions issued June
30, 1993 (OMB Bulletin No. 93-17).  These standards and definitions reflect
information obtained from the 1990 Decennial Census.  A complete list of
metropolitan area definitions as of June 30, 1993, is available from the
National Technical Information Service (NTIS), Document Sales, 5285 Port
Royal Road, Springfield, Va., 22161, telephone 703-487-4650 (Accession
Number PB 93-505-824).
 
     Generally speaking, a Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA) is a free-
standing urban area that meets a specified size criteria.  Primary
Metropolitan Statistical Areas (PMSAs) are free-standing areas within very
large MSAs.  Once an area is identified as a PMSA, the term MSA no longer
is used to describe the area.  The large metropolitan area that is the sum
of the PMSAs is called a Consolidated Metropolitan Statistical Area (CMSA).
The set of areas known as MSAs, PMSAs, and CMSAs are collectively
designated and referred to as metropolitan areas.
 
     More specifically, metropolitan area terms are applied as follows:  An
MSA is defined as an area which either has a city of at least 50,000 in
population within its corporate limits, or which contains an "urbanized
area" as defined by the U.S. Bureau of the Census of at least 50,000 in
population and has a total MSA population of at least 100,000.  If a
metropolitan area fits the criteria for an MSA and has a total population
of less than 1,000,000, then it will remain an MSA.  If, however, an MSA
has a population of 1,000,000 or more, then the area is tested to see if a
PMSA exists.  A PMSA is an area within an MSA which either was recognized
as a separate Standard Metropolitan Statistical Area (SMSA) as of January
1, 1980, or which has a population of 100,000 with at least 60 percent of
its population urban and less than 50 percent of the resident workers
commuting to jobs outside the area.  Local opinion that strongly supports
recognition of a PMSA and which demonstrates that the area has very strong
internal economic and social ties is also considered in determining if a
PMSA exists.
 
     If more than one PMSA is determined to exist, then the entire
metropolitan area, made up of the individual PMSAs, is called a CMSA.  More
precisely, a CMSA is defined as an MSA with a population of at least
                                   - 6 -
 
1,000,000 in which PMSAs exist.  All counties within a CMSA must be
included in a PMSA so that the total geographical area of the PMSAs
comprises the entire CMSA.
 
     OMB defines MSAs in terms of entire counties, except in the six New
England states where they are defined in terms of cities and towns.  New
England data in this news release, however, are based on a county concept
defined by OMB as New England County Metropolitan Areas (NECMAs) because
county-level data are the most detailed available from the Covered
Employment and Wages program.
 
Additional statistics and other information
     Average annual employment and pay data by state and county are
available upon request from the Division of Occupational and Administrative
Statistics, Bureau of Labor Statistics, U.S. Department of Labor,
Washington, DC, 20212, telephone (202) 606-6567.  The comprehensive
bulletin, Employment and Wages, features information by detailed industry
on establishments, employment, and wages for the nation and all states.
The bulletin for 1993, which is due to be issued in late 1994, will be
available for sale from the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government
Printing Office, Washington, DC 20402.
 
     Information in this release will be made available to sensory impaired
individuals upon request.  Voice phone:  202-606-STAT;  TDD phone:
202-606-5897;  TDD message referral phone number:  1-800-326-2577.
 
 
 
 
   Table 1.  Average annual pay for 1992 and 1993 for all covered workers 1/ by metropolitan area
 
                                                             Average annual pay                       Ranking of areas
                                                                                  Percent      By 1993 level     By percent
                     Metropolitan area 2/                                         change,      of average        change in average
                                                            1992    1993 3/     1992-93 4/   annual pay        annual pay, 1992-93
 
        Metropolitan Areas..................................$27,051  $27,540          1.8          ---               ---
   Abilene, Tex............................................. 19,879   19,810         -0.3          285               303
   Akron, Ohio.............................................. 25,352   25,789          1.7           71               181
   Albany, Ga............................................... 22,073   22,688          2.8          180                60
   Albany-Schenectady-Troy, N.Y............................. 26,099   26,604          1.9           47               151
   Albuquerque, N.M......................................... 22,682   23,506          3.6          142                21
   Alexandria, La........................................... 19,858   20,030          0.9          282               270
   Allentown-Bethlehem-Easton, Pa........................... 25,370   25,845          1.9           69               151
   Altoona, Pa.............................................. 19,989   20,448          2.3          274               105
   Amarillo, Tex............................................ 21,066   21,453          1.8          232               168
   Anchorage, Alaska........................................ 33,007   33,782          2.3            9               105
   Ann Arbor, Mich.......................................... 27,195   27,930          2.7           35                68
   Anniston, Ala............................................ 20,112   20,569          2.3          268               105
   Appleton-Oshkosh-Neenah, Wis............................. 24,127   24,623          2.1          112               128
   Asheville, N.C........................................... 21,219   21,543          1.5          229               212
   Athens, Ga............................................... 21,693   21,953          1.2          209               243
   Atlanta, Ga.............................................. 27,925   28,359          1.6           32               196
   Atlantic-Cape May, N.J................................... 24,956   25,465          2.0           79               142
   Augusta-Aiken, Ga.-S.C................................... 24,269   24,529          1.1          116               253
   Austin-San Marcos, Tex................................... 24,226   25,009          3.2          100                34
   Bakersfield, Calif....................................... 23,987   24,470          2.0          118               142
   Baltimore, Md............................................ 26,795   27,236          1.6           41               196
   Bangor, Maine............................................ 21,730   21,800          0.3          216               294
   Barnstable-Yarmouth, Mass................................ 21,728   21,868          0.6          213               289
   Baton Rouge, La.......................................... 23,649   23,868          0.9          133               270
   Beaumont-Port Arthur, Tex................................ 25,523   25,260         -1.0           88               307
   Bellingham, Wash......................................... 20,432   20,718          1.4          261               225
   Benton Harbor, Mich...................................... 23,401   24,506          4.7          117                 4
   Bergen-Passaic, N.J...................................... 33,555   34,126          1.7            8               181
   Billings, Mont........................................... 20,934   22,034          5.3          201                 1
   Biloxi-Gulfport-Pascagoula, Miss......................... 21,119   21,682          2.7          221                68
   Binghamton, N.Y.......................................... 25,394   25,548          0.6           77               289
   Birmingham, Ala.......................................... 24,688   25,278          2.4           87                94
   Bismarck, N.D............................................ 20,304   20,737          2.1          259               128
   Bloomington, Ind......................................... 21,250   21,426          0.8          234               278
   Bloomington-Normal, Ill.................................. 25,581   26,285          2.8           56                60
   Boise City, Idaho........................................ 22,443   23,320          3.9          152                12
   Boston-Worcester-Lawrence-Lowell-Brockton, Mass.-N.H..... 30,100   30,642          1.8           17               168
   Boulder-Longmont, Colo................................... 25,829   26,215          1.5           57               212
   Brazoria, Tex............................................ 27,979   28,453          1.7           31               181
   Bremerton, Wash.......................................... 24,221   25,050          3.4           96                29
   Brownsville-Harlingen-San Benito, Tex.................... 17,294   17,757          2.7          307                68
   Bryan-College Station, Tex............................... 18,940   19,168          1.2          298               243
   Buffalo-Niagara Falls, N.Y............................... 24,385   25,016          2.6           99                80
   Burlington, Vt........................................... 25,121   25,699          2.3           72               105
   Canton-Massillon, Ohio................................... 22,376   23,054          3.0          163                43
   Casper, Wyo.............................................. 21,971   22,117          0.7          198               284
   Cedar Rapids, Iowa....................................... 24,483   25,057          2.3           94               105
   Champaign-Urbana, Ill.................................... 22,290   22,869          2.6          172                80
   Charleston-North Charleston, S.C......................... 21,205   21,877          3.2          212                34
   Charleston, W.Va......................................... 24,274   24,633          1.5          111               212
   Charlotte-Gastonia-Rock Hill, N.C.-S.C................... 25,107   25,658          2.2           74               118
   Charlottesville, Va...................................... 22,668   23,336          3.0          151                43
   Chattanooga, Tenn.-Ga.................................... 22,378   23,150          3.5          160                24
   Cheyenne, Wyo............................................ 20,957   21,567          2.9          227                53
   Chicago, Ill............................................. 30,210   30,720          1.7           16               181
   Chico-Paradise, Calif.................................... 19,377   19,845          2.4          284                94
   Cincinnati, Ohio-Ky.-Ind................................. 26,023   26,465          1.7           53               181
   Clarksville-Hopkinsville, Tenn.-Ky....................... 18,581   19,100          2.8          299                60
   Cleveland-Lorain-Elyria, Ohio............................ 26,501   26,989          1.8           44               168
   Colorado Springs, Colo................................... 22,686   23,019          1.5          167               212
   Columbia, Mo............................................. 21,381   21,796          1.9          217               151
   Columbia, S.C............................................ 22,027   22,487          2.1          185               128
   Columbus, Ga.-Ala........................................ 20,466   20,886          2.1          256               128
   Columbus, Ohio........................................... 24,987   25,518          2.1           78               128
   Corpus Christi, Tex...................................... 22,770   23,202          1.9          156               151
   Cumberland, Md.-W.Va..................................... 20,431   20,692          1.3          262               237
   Dallas, Tex.............................................. 28,813   29,489          2.3           25               105
   Danville, Va............................................. 20,707   20,741          0.2          258               296
   Davenport-Moline-Rock Island, Iowa-Ill................... 23,814   24,315          2.1          122               128
   Dayton-Springfield, Ohio................................. 25,188   25,902          2.8           65                60
   Daytona Beach, Fla....................................... 19,130   19,406          1.4          292               225
   Decatur, Ala............................................. 22,884   23,504          2.7          143                68
   Decatur, Ill............................................. 25,292   26,040          3.0           61                43
   Denver, Colo............................................. 27,734   28,607          3.1           30                40
   Des Moines, Iowa......................................... 24,111   24,832          3.0          107                43
   Detroit, Mich............................................ 30,534   31,622          3.6           15                21
   Dothan, Ala.............................................. 21,339   21,593          1.2          226               243
   Dover, Del............................................... 20,866   21,431          2.7          233                68
   Dubuque, Iowa............................................ 21,880   22,237          1.6          192               196
   Duluth-Superior, Minn.-Wis............................... 21,723   21,993          1.2          205               243
   Dutchess County, N.Y..................................... 29,262   29,730          1.6           23               196
   Eau Claire, Wis.......................................... 20,331   20,627          1.5          266               212
   El Paso, Tex............................................. 19,563   19,854          1.5          283               212
   Elkhart-Goshen, Ind...................................... 23,149   23,579          1.9          138               151
   Elmira, N.Y.............................................. 21,706   22,254          2.5          191                89
   Enid, Okla............................................... 19,145   19,339          1.0          295               265
   Erie, Pa................................................. 23,552   23,812          1.1          134               253
   Eugene-Springfield, Ore.................................. 21,570   22,106          2.5          199                89
   Evansville-Henderson, Ind.-Ky............................ 23,091   23,552          2.0          139               142
   Fargo-Moorhead, N.D.-Minn................................ 20,494   20,950          2.2          252               118
   Fayetteville, N.C........................................ 20,349   20,454          0.5          273               291
   Fayetteville-Springdale-Rogers, Ark...................... 20,731   20,970          1.2          251               243
   Flint, Mich.............................................. 29,672   30,512          2.8           18                60
   Florence, Ala............................................ 20,665   21,025          1.7          247               181
   Florence, S.C............................................ 20,685   21,338          3.2          237                34
   Fort Collins-Loveland, Colo.............................. 22,889   23,424          2.3          145               105
   Fort Lauderdale, Fla..................................... 25,029   25,366          1.3           82               237
   Fort Myers-Cape Coral, Fla............................... 21,323   21,472          0.7          231               284
   Fort Pierce-Port St. Lucie, Fla.......................... 21,821   22,212          1.8          195               168
   Fort Smith, Ark.-Okla.................................... 20,755   20,246         -2.5          278               310
   Fort Walton Beach, Fla................................... 19,152   19,599          2.3          288               105
   Fort Wayne, Ind.......................................... 23,490   24,053          2.4          130                94
   Fort Worth-Arlington, Tex................................ 25,745   26,622          3.4           46                29
   Fresno, Calif............................................ 21,078   21,252          0.8          239               278
   Gadsden, Ala............................................. 21,286   21,527          1.1          230               253
   Gainesville, Fla......................................... 20,961   21,151          0.9          242               270
   Galveston-Texas City, Tex................................ 24,117   24,372          1.1          121               253
   Gary, Ind................................................ 25,073   25,570          2.0           76               142
   Glens Falls, N.Y......................................... 22,713   22,971          1.1          170               253
   Goldsboro, N.C........................................... 18,546   19,228          3.7          297                18
   Grand Forks, N.D.-Minn................................... 18,445   18,828          2.1          300               128
   Grand Rapids-Muskegon-Holland, Mich...................... 24,804   25,424          2.5           80                89
   Great Falls, Mont........................................ 19,209   20,053          4.4          281                 5
   Greeley, Colo............................................ 21,807   22,181          1.7          196               181
   Green Bay, Wis........................................... 24,025   24,553          2.2          115               118
   Greensboro-Winston-Salem-High Point, N.C................. 23,071   23,497          1.8          144               168
   Greenville, N.C.......................................... 21,409   22,033          2.9          202                53
   Greenville-Spartanburg-Anderson, S.C..................... 22,356   22,850          2.2          173               118
   Hagerstown, Md........................................... 22,101   21,951         -0.7          210               306
   Hamilton-Middletown, Ohio................................ 25,157   25,094         -0.2           93               301
   Harrisburg-Lebanon-Carlisle, Pa.......................... 24,781   25,296          2.1           85               128
   Hartford, Conn........................................... 31,967   32,555          1.8           12               168
   Hickory-Morganton, N.C................................... 19,899   20,539          3.2          269                34
   Honolulu, Hawaii......................................... 26,534   27,253          2.7           40                68
   Houma, La................................................ 21,651   21,981          1.5          208               212
   Houston, Tex............................................. 29,794   30,069          0.9           20               270
   Huntington-Ashland, W.Va.-Ky.-Ohio....................... 22,498   22,767          1.2          176               243
   Huntsville, Ala.......................................... 28,944   29,243          1.0           27               265
   Indianapolis, Ind........................................ 25,896   26,587          2.7           48                68
   Iowa City, Iowa.......................................... 23,110   23,510          1.7          141               181
   Jackson, Mich............................................ 24,653   25,301          2.6           83                80
   Jackson, Miss............................................ 21,737   22,142          1.9          197               151
   Jackson, Tenn............................................ 21,658   22,030          1.7          203               181
   Jacksonville, Fla........................................ 23,679   24,441          3.2          120                34
   Jacksonville, N.C........................................ 15,624   15,919          1.9          310               151
   Jamestown, N.Y........................................... 20,997   21,340          1.6          236               196
   Janesville-Beloit, Wis................................... 24,062   24,640          2.4          110                94
   Jersey City, N.J......................................... 31,638   32,815          3.7           11                18
   Johnson City-Kingsport-Bristol, Tenn.-Va................. 22,019   22,288          1.2          190               243
   Johnstown, Pa............................................ 20,090   20,143          0.3          280               294
   Joplin, Mo............................................... 18,819   19,279          2.4          296                94
   Kalamazoo-Battle Creek, Mich............................. 25,581   25,854          1.1           68               253
   Kankakee, Ill............................................ 21,677   22,612          4.3          181                 6
   Kansas City, Mo.-Kan..................................... 25,302   25,873          2.3           66               105
   Kenosha, Wis............................................. 22,285   23,391          5.0          148                 2
   Killeen-Temple, Tex...................................... 19,485   20,302          4.2          277                 7
   Knoxville, Tenn.......................................... 22,451   23,024          2.6          166                80
   Kokomo, Ind.............................................. 28,676   29,672          3.5           24                24
   LaCrosse, Wis.-Minn...................................... 20,649   20,938          1.4          253               225
   Lafayette, Ind........................................... 23,062   23,624          2.4          136                94
   Lafayette, La............................................ 21,056   21,283          1.1          238               253
   Lake Charles, La......................................... 23,839   24,229          1.6          125               196
   Lakeland-Winter Haven, Fla............................... 21,332   21,608          1.3          225               237
   Lancaster, Pa............................................ 23,657   24,233          2.4          124                94
   Lansing-East Lansing, Mich............................... 26,548   26,848          1.1           45               253
   Laredo, Tex.............................................. 17,660   18,082          2.4          304                94
   Las Cruces, N.M.......................................... 19,202   19,348          0.8          294               278
   Las Vegas, Nev.-Ariz..................................... 24,344   25,152          3.3           90                33
   Lawrence, Kan............................................ 19,355   19,765          2.1          286               128
   Lawton, Okla............................................. 19,345   19,478          0.7          291               284
   Lewiston-Auburn, Maine................................... 20,250   20,438          0.9          275               270
   Lexington, Ky............................................ 22,931   23,130          0.9          161               270
   Lima, Ohio............................................... 23,179   23,372          0.8          149               278
   Lincoln, Neb............................................. 21,370   21,820          2.1          214               128
   Little Rock-North Little Rock, Ark....................... 22,813   23,184          1.6          158               196
   Longview-Marshall, Tex................................... 21,873   21,992          0.5          206               291
   Los Angeles-Long Beach, Calif............................ 31,165   31,760          1.9           13               151
   Louisville, Ky.-Ind...................................... 23,659   24,101          1.9          128               151
   Lubbock, Tex............................................. 20,339   20,690          1.7          263               181
   Lynchburg, Va............................................ 21,252   21,983          3.4          207                29
   Macon, Ga................................................ 23,170   23,346          0.8          150               278
   Madison, Wis............................................. 24,158   24,927          3.2          103                34
   Mansfield, Ohio.......................................... 21,579   22,225          3.0          194                43
   McAllen-Edinburg-Mission, Tex............................ 16,583   17,173          3.6          308                21
   Medford-Ashland, Ore..................................... 20,593   20,996          2.0          249               142
   Melbourne-Titusville-Palm Bay, Fla....................... 26,032   26,095          0.2           59               296
   Memphis, Tenn.-Ark.-Miss................................. 24,459   25,107          2.6           91                80
   Merced, Calif............................................ 19,507   19,722          1.1          287               253
   Miami, Fla............................................... 25,287   26,026          2.9           62                53
   Middlesex-Somerset-Hunterdon, N.J........................ 34,796   35,573          2.2            3               118
   Milwaukee-Waukesha, Wis.................................. 25,541   26,202          2.6           58                80
   Minneapolis-St. Paul, Minn.-Wis.......................... 27,938   28,345          1.5           33               212
   Mobile, Ala.............................................. 21,606   22,045          2.0          200               142
   Modesto, Calif........................................... 22,128   22,727          2.7          177                68
   Monmouth-Ocean, N.J...................................... 27,488   28,045          2.0           34               142
   Monroe, La............................................... 21,079   21,078         -0.0          244               299
   Montgomery, Ala.......................................... 21,555   22,028          2.2          204               118
   Muncie, Ind.............................................. 22,194   22,843          2.9          174                53
   Myrtle Beach, S.C........................................ 16,320   17,012          4.2          309                 7
   Naples, Fla.............................................. 20,054   20,672          3.1          264                40
   Nashville, Tenn.......................................... 24,601   25,037          1.8           97               168
   Nassau-Suffolk, N.Y...................................... 29,708   30,226          1.7           19               181
   New Haven-Bridgeport-Stamford-Danbury-Waterbury, Conn.... 34,517   35,058          1.6            6               196
   New London-Norwich, Conn................................. 27,926   28,630          2.5           29                89
   New Orleans, La.......................................... 23,846   24,277          1.8          123               168
   New York, N.Y............................................ 38,802   39,381          1.5            1               212
   Newark, N.J.............................................. 34,302   35,129          2.4            5                94
   Newburgh, N.Y.-Pa........................................ 24,207   24,746          2.2          108               118
   Norfolk-Virginia Beach-Newport News, Va.-N.C............. 21,992   22,324          1.5          189               212
   Oakland, Calif........................................... 30,623   31,701          3.5           14                24
   Ocala, Fla............................................... 19,221   19,531          1.6          290               196
   Odessa-Midland, Tex...................................... 24,356   24,857          2.1          106               128
   Oklahoma City, Okla...................................... 22,629   23,048          1.8          164               168
   Olympia, Wash............................................ 24,161   24,878          3.0          105                43
   Omaha, Neb.-Iowa......................................... 22,615   22,986          1.6          169               196
   Orange County, Calif..................................... 29,353   29,916          1.9           21               151
   Orlando, Fla............................................. 22,988   23,186          0.9          157               270
   Owensboro, Ky............................................ 20,314   20,584          1.3          267               237
   Panama City, Fla......................................... 19,083   19,353          1.4          293               225
   Parkersburg-Marietta, W.Va.-Ohio......................... 22,480   22,793          1.4          175               225
   Pensacola, Fla........................................... 21,385   21,789          1.9          218               151
   Peoria-Pekin, Ill........................................ 24,972   25,925          3.8           64                14
   Philadelphia, Pa.-N.J.................................... 29,392   29,839          1.5           22               212
   Phoenix-Mesa, Ariz....................................... 24,525   24,916          1.6          104               196
   Pine Bluff, Ark.......................................... 20,732   21,035          1.5          246               212
   Pittsburgh, Pa........................................... 25,872   26,478          2.3           52               105
   Pittsfield, Mass......................................... 24,246   24,223         -0.1          126               300
   Portland, Maine.......................................... 23,647   24,106          1.9          127               151
   Portland-Vancouver, Ore.-Wash............................ 25,703   26,360          2.6           54                80
   Providence-Warwick-Pawtucket, R.I........................ 24,328   24,927          2.5          102                89
   Provo-Orem, Utah......................................... 20,833   20,922          0.4          254               293
   Pueblo, Colo............................................. 19,700   20,455          3.8          272                14
   Punta Gorda, Fla......................................... 19,190   19,560          1.9          289               151
   Racine, Wis.............................................. 24,943   25,420          1.9           81               151
   Raleigh-Durham-Chapel Hill, N.C.......................... 25,503   26,063          2.2           60               118
   Rapid City, S.D.......................................... 18,505   18,820          1.7          301               181
   Reading, Pa.............................................. 25,001   25,610          2.4           75                94
   Redding, Calif........................................... 22,383   22,993          2.7          168                68
   Reno, Nev................................................ 24,802   25,025          0.9           98               270
   Richland-Kennewick-Pasco, Wash........................... 24,958   25,673          2.9           73                53
   Richmond-Petersburg, Va.................................. 25,407   25,960          2.2           63               118
   Riverside-San Bernardino, Calif.......................... 23,722   24,062          1.4          129               225
   Roanoke, Va.............................................. 22,081   22,723          2.9          179                53
   Rochester, Minn.......................................... 27,416   27,624          0.8           38               278
   Rochester, N.Y........................................... 27,256   27,645          1.4           37               225
   Rockford, Ill............................................ 24,610   25,056          1.8           95               168
   Rocky Mount, N.C......................................... 20,160   20,995          4.1          250                11
   Sacramento, Calif........................................ 27,105   27,476          1.4           39               225
   Saginaw-Bay City-Midland, Mich........................... 26,650   27,686          3.9           36                12
   Salem, Ore............................................... 21,119   21,566          2.1          228               128
   Salinas, Calif........................................... 22,038   22,441          1.8          187               168
   Salt Lake City-Ogden, Utah............................... 22,838   23,221          1.7          155               181
   San Angelo, Tex.......................................... 19,503   20,176          3.4          279                29
   San Antonio, Tex......................................... 22,062   22,577          2.3          183               105
   San Diego, Calif......................................... 26,153   26,531          1.4           51               225
   San Francisco, Calif..................................... 34,364   35,278          2.7            4                68
   San Jose, Calif.......................................... 37,068   38,040          2.6            2                80
   San Luis Obispo-Atascadero-Paso Robles, Calif............ 21,870   22,462          2.7          186                68
   Santa Barbara-Santa Maria-Lompoc, Calif.................. 24,808   25,299          2.0           84               142
   Santa Cruz-Watsonville, Calif............................ 23,219   23,582          1.6          137               196
   Santa Fe, N.M............................................ 21,024   21,811          3.7          215                18
   Santa Rosa, Calif........................................ 24,367   24,658          1.2          109               243
   Sarasota-Bradenton, Fla.................................. 20,247   21,101          4.2          243                 7
   Savannah, Ga............................................. 22,062   22,723          3.0          178                43
   Scranton-Wilkes-Barre-Hazleton, Pa....................... 21,248   21,681          2.0          222               142
   Seattle-Bellevue-Everett, Wash........................... 29,466   29,399         -0.2           26               301
   Sharon, Pa............................................... 21,978   21,658         -1.5          223               309
   Sheboygan, Wis........................................... 22,539   23,396          3.8          147                14
   Sherman-Denison, Tex..................................... 22,551   23,039          2.2          165               118
   Shreveport-Bossier City, La.............................. 21,988   22,335          1.6          188               196
   Sioux City, Iowa-Neb..................................... 20,376   20,516          0.7          270               284
   Sioux Falls, S.D......................................... 20,608   21,184          2.8          241                60
   South Bend, Ind.......................................... 23,032   23,681          2.8          135                60
   Spokane, Wash............................................ 21,623   22,236          2.8          193                60
   Springfield, Ill......................................... 25,706   26,998          5.0           43                 2
   Springfield, Mass........................................ 24,439   24,942          2.1          101               128
   Springfield, Mo.......................................... 20,462   20,782          1.6          257               196
   St. Cloud, Minn.......................................... 20,135   20,729          3.0          260                43
   St. Joseph, Mo........................................... 20,602   21,229          3.0          240                43
   St. Louis, Mo.-Ill....................................... 26,198   26,544          1.3           50               237
   State College, Pa........................................ 22,745   23,077          1.5          162               212
   Steubenville-Weirton, Ohio-W.Va.......................... 24,226   24,558          1.4          114               225
   Stockton-Lodi, Calif..................................... 23,164   24,049          3.8          131                14
   Sumter, S.C.............................................. 18,157   18,345          1.0          303               265
   Syracuse, N.Y............................................ 25,401   25,873          1.9           67               151
   Tacoma, Wash............................................. 22,700   23,403          3.1          146                40
   Tallahassee, Fla......................................... 21,346   21,706          1.7          220               181
   Tampa-St. Petersburg-Clearwater, Fla..................... 22,872   23,299          1.9          153               151
   Terre Haute, Ind......................................... 21,398   21,608          1.0          224               265
   Texarkana, Tex.-Texarkana, Ark........................... 20,744   20,640         -0.5          265               305
   Toledo, Ohio............................................. 24,816   25,207          1.6           89               196
   Topeka, Kan.............................................. 22,661   23,269          2.7          154                68
   Trenton, N.J............................................. 33,960   34,365          1.2            7               243
   Tucson, Ariz............................................. 21,074   21,413          1.6          235               196
   Tulsa, Okla.............................................. 24,189   24,611          1.7          113               181
   Tuscaloosa, Ala.......................................... 22,655   22,951          1.3          171               237
   Tyler, Tex............................................... 22,980   23,539          2.4          140                94
   Utica-Rome, N.Y.......................................... 22,129   22,549          1.9          184               151
   Vallejo-Fairfield-Napa, Calif............................ 24,995   25,282          1.1           86               253
   Ventura, Calif........................................... 26,267   26,567          1.1           49               253
   Victoria, Tex............................................ 20,835   20,886          0.2          255               296
   Vineland-Millville-Bridgeton, N.J........................ 25,052   25,813          3.0           70                43
   Visalia-Tulare-Porterville, Calif........................ 18,752   18,550         -1.1          302               308
   Waco, Tex................................................ 20,482   21,070          2.9          245                53
   Washington, D.C.-Md.-Va.-W.Va............................ 32,337   33,170          2.6           10                80
   Waterloo-Cedar Falls, Iowa............................... 22,906   23,176          1.2          159               243
   Wausau, Wis.............................................. 22,083   22,594          2.3          182               105
   West Palm Beach-Boca Raton, Fla.......................... 26,055   26,348          1.1           55               253
   Wheeling, W.Va.-Ohio..................................... 20,783   20,999          1.0          248               265
   Wichita, Kan............................................. 25,168   25,099         -0.3           92               303
   Wichita Falls, Tex....................................... 20,232   20,380          0.7          276               284
   Williamsport, Pa......................................... 21,433   21,737          1.4          219               225
   Wilmington-Newark, Del.-Md............................... 28,635   29,232          2.1           28               128
   Wilmington, N.C.......................................... 21,436   21,926          2.3          211               105
   Yakima, Wash............................................. 17,211   17,816          3.5          305                24
   Yolo, Calif.............................................. 26,099   27,187          4.2           42                 7
   York, Pa................................................. 24,109   24,454          1.4          119               225
   Youngstown-Warren, Ohio.................................. 23,139   23,948          3.5          132                24
   Yuba City, Calif......................................... 20,133   20,490          1.8          271               168
   Yuma, Ariz............................................... 17,438   17,759          1.8          306               168
 
   1/  Includes workers covered by Unemployment Insurance (UI) and Unemployment Compensation for Federal
   Employees (UCFE) programs.
   2/  Includes data for Metropolitan Statistical Areas and Primary Metropolitan Statistical Areas as of June 30, 1993.
   In the New England areas, the New England County Metropolitan Area (NECMA) definitions were used.  See Technical Note.
   3/  Data are preliminary.
   4/  Percent changes were computed from unrounded average annual pay data and may differ from those computed using
   data rounded to the nearest dollar.
 
 
 
   Table 2.  Average annual pay for 1992 and 1993 for all covered workers 1/ by Consolidated Metropolitan Statistical Area
 
                                                             Average annual pay                       Ranking of areas
                   Consolidated metropolitan                                      Percent      By 1993 level     By percent
                      statistical area 2/                                         change,      of average        change in average
                                                            1992    1993 3/     1992-93 4/   annual pay        annual pay, 1992-93
 
        Consolidated metropolitan statistical areas.........$30,288  $30,862          1.9           --                --
 
   Boston-Worcester-Lawrence-Lowell-Brockton, Mass.-N.H. 5/. 30,100   30,642          1.8            5                 9
   Chicago-Gary-Kenosha, Ill.-Ind.-Wis...................... 29,721   30,242          1.8            6                 9
   Cincinnati-Hamilton,  Ohio-Ky.-Ind....................... 25,926   26,310          1.5           15                16
   Cleveland-Akron, Ohio.................................... 26,257   26,730          1.8           14                 9
   Dallas-Fort Worth, Tex................................... 27,915   28,660          2.7           10                 3
   Denver-Boulder-Greeley, Colo............................. 27,218   27,996          2.9           12                 2
   Detroit-Ann Arbor-Flint, Mich............................ 30,122   31,153          3.4            4                 1
   Houston-Galveston-Brazoria, Tex.......................... 29,466   29,743          0.9            8                17
   Los Angeles-Riverside-Orange County, Calif............... 29,688   30,199          1.7            7                12
   Miami-Fort Lauderdale, Fla............................... 25,191   25,777          2.3           17                 7
   Milwaukee-Racine, Wis.................................... 25,486   26,131          2.5           16                 5
   New York-Northern New Jersey-Long Island, N.Y.-N.J.-Conn. 35,203   35,799          1.7            1                12
   Philadelphia-Wilmington-Atlantic City, Pa.-N.J.-Del.-Md.. 28,940   29,414          1.6            9                15
   Portland-Salem, Ore.-Wash................................ 25,072   25,699          2.5           18                 5
   Sacramento-Yolo, Calif................................... 26,999   27,445          1.7           13                12
   San Francisco-Oakland-San Jose, Calif.................... 32,702   33,597          2.7            2                 3
   Seattle-Tacoma-Bremerton, Wash........................... 28,061   28,159          0.3           11                18
   Washington-Baltimore, D.C.-Md.-Va.-W.Va.................. 30,447   31,156          2.3            3                 7
 
   1/  Includes workers covered by Unemployment Insurance (UI) and Unemployment Compensation for Federal
   Employees (UCFE) programs.
   2/  For a definition, see Technical Note.
   3/  Data are preliminary.
   4/  Percent changes were computed from unrounded average annual pay data and may differ from those computed using
   data rounded to the nearest dollar.
   5/  New England County Metropolitan Area (NECMA) definition was used.  See Technical Note.