U.S. IMPORT AND EXPORT PRICE INDEXES – JULY 2019 

Prices for U.S. imports increased 0.2 percent in July, the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today, 

following a 1.1-percent decline the previous month. In July, rising fuel prices more than offset lower 

nonfuel prices. The price index for U.S. exports advanced 0.2 percent in July, after falling 0.6 percent in 

June and 0.3 percent in May. 

Chart 1. One-month and 12-month percent changes in the Import Price Index: July 2018 – July 2019

Imports 

The price index for U.S. imports rose 0.2 percent in July, after a decrease of 1.1 percent the previous month. 

Prior to June, prices for U.S. imports advanced in each of the first 5 months of 2019. Despite the increases, 

import prices declined 1.8 percent over the past year. (See table 1.)

Fuel Imports: Prices for import fuel advanced 1.8 percent in July following a 7.3-percent drop in June. 

Import fuel prices previously increased 30.1 percent for the first 5 months of 2019. In July, higher petroleum 

prices more than offset lower natural gas prices. The price index for import petroleum rose 1.9 percent, after 

decreasing 7.0 percent the previous month. Overall fuel prices and petroleum prices both fell over the past 

year, declining 5.5 percent and 5.9 percent, respectively. Natural gas prices fell 1.4 percent in July, after 

declining 59.6 percent the previous 3 months. The recent decreases drove natural gas prices down 22.1 

percent over the past 12 months. 

-0.1 -0.4

0.1

0.5

-1.6 -1.4

0.2

1.0

0.6 0.2 0.2 -1.1 0.2

4.8

3.8

3.1 3.4

0.7

-0.9

-1.5

-0.7

0.1

-0.2 -0.9

-2.0 -1.8

-4.0

-3.0

-2.0

-1.0

0.0

1.0

2.0

3.0

4.0

5.0

6.0

7.0

July'18 August Sep Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb March April May June July'19

1-month percent change 12-month percent change

Transmission of material in this release is embargoed until 

8:30 a.m. (EDT) Wednesday, August 14, 2019 

Technical information: (202) 691-7101 • MXPinfo@bls.gov • www.bls.gov/mxp 

Media contact: (202) 691-5902 • PressOffice@bls.gov 

USDL-19-1475
2

All Imports Excluding Fuel: The price index for nonfuel imports edged down 0.1 percent in July following 

0.3-percent decreases in each of the previous 2 months. The July decline was driven by lower prices for 

automotive vehicles; foods, feeds, and beverages; and capital goods. Those decreases were partially offset 

by rising prices for consumer goods and nonfuel industrial supplies and materials. Prices for nonfuel imports 

fell 1.3 percent from July 2018 to July 2019, led by declining prices for industrial supplies and materials and 

capital goods. 

Nonfuel Industrial Supplies and Materials: Nonfuel industrial supplies and materials prices rose 0.2 percent 

in July, after declining 0.7 percent the previous month. In July, a 1.0-percent increase in unfinished metals 

prices more than offset lower prices for chemicals and paper. 

 

Finished Goods: Finished goods prices were mixed in July. Consumer goods prices rose 0.2 percent, the 

first monthly advance since the index increased 0.3 percent in February. The July advance was driven by a 

1.0-percent rise in the price index for medicinal, dental, and pharmaceutical materials. In contrast, 

automotive vehicle prices and prices for capital goods both fell in July. Automotive vehicle prices declined 

0.3 percent, after recording no change in June and May; prices for capital goods edged down 0.1 percent 

following a 0.2-percent drop in June. 

Foods, Feeds, and Beverages: Prices for import foods, feeds, and beverages fell 0.5 percent in July, after 

decreasing 1.4 percent in June. The July decline was driven by a 5.8-percent drop in vegetable prices. 

Table A. Percent change in Import and Export Price Indexes, selected categories 
3

Chart 2. One-month and 12-month percent change in the Export Price Index: July 2018 – July 2019 

Exports 

U.S. export prices increased 0.2 percent in July, after decreasing 0.9 percent over the previous 2 months. 

Higher agricultural and nonagricultural prices both contributed to the advance. Despite the July increase, 

prices for U.S. exports continued to decrease on a 12-month basis, declining 0.9 percent from July 2018 to 

July 2019. (See table 2.) 

Agricultural Exports: Agricultural export prices rose 0.4 percent in July following a 2.5-percent increase 

in June. The July advance was led by higher prices for soybeans, other animal feeds, nuts, and vegetables 

which more than offset lower prices for fruit and wheat. Prices for agricultural exports rose 3.7 percent over 

the past year, the largest 12-month increase since the index advanced 5.3 percent from June 2017 to June 

2018. 

All Exports Excluding Agriculture: The price index for nonagricultural exports rose 0.2 percent in July, 

after a 1.0-percent decrease in June and a 0.2-percent drop in May. The July increase was primarily led by 

higher nonagricultural industrial supplies and materials prices, though rising consumer goods prices also 

contributed to the advance. In contrast, prices for capital goods and automotive vehicles declined. 

Nonagricultural export prices decreased 1.5 percent for the year ended in July, driven by falling prices for 

nonagricultural industrial supplies and materials which more than offset advancing finished goods prices. 

Nonagricultural Industrial Supplies and Materials: Nonagricultural industrial supplies and materials prices 

increased 0.7 percent in July following a 2.8-percent drop the previous month. The upturn was driven by a 

2.3-percent advance in export fuel prices which previously declined 7.3 percent in June. 

Finished Goods: Export finished goods prices were mixed in July. The price indexes for capital goods and 

automotive vehicles each edged down 0.1 percent, after recording no change in June. Prices for consumer 

goods increased 0.2 percent in July, driven by a 1.1-percent advance in medicinal, dental, and 

pharmaceutical materials prices. 

-0.5

-0.1

0.0

0.5

-0.8 -0.6 -0.6

0.6 0.7

0.1

-0.3 -0.6 0.2

4.3

3.6

2.7

3.1

1.8

1.1

-0.2

0.2 0.6

0.2

-0.9

-1.6

-0.9

-3.0

-2.0

-1.0

0.0

1.0

2.0

3.0

4.0

5.0

6.0

July'18 August Sep Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb March April May June July'19

1-month percent change 12-month percent change
4

Measures of Import and Export Prices by Locality 

Imports by Locality of Origin: Import prices from China edged down 0.1 percent in July, after decreasing 

0.2 percent in June. Prices for imports from China have not recorded a monthly advance since ticking up 0.1 

percent in May 2018. The price index for imports from China declined 1.6 percent on a 12-month basis for 

the second consecutive month in July. The last time the index fell more than 1.6 percent was a 1.9-percent 

drop in January 2017. Import prices from Japan recorded no change in July following a 0.1-percent decrease 

the previous month. Prices for imports from Japan edged down 0.1 percent for the year ended in July. 

Import prices from Mexico declined 0.2 percent in July, after falling 1.3 percent in June. In contrast, the 

price indexes for imports from Canada and the European Union both advanced 0.2 percent in July. Import 

prices from Canada previously fell 3.3 percent in June, and prices for imports from the European Union 

decreased 0.6 percent over the same period. (See table 7.) 

Exports by Locality of Destination: Export prices to China rose 0.6 percent in July, after declining 0.6 

percent the previous month. Despite the July advance, prices for exports to China decreased 1.7 percent over 

the past 12 months. The price index for exports to Japan rose 1.0 percent in July following a 0.1-percent 

decline in June. The index increased 0.2 percent from July 2018 to July 2019. Export prices to the European 

Union rose 0.8 percent, the largest monthly advance since the index increased 1.9 percent in January 2018. 

Prices for exports to Canada and Mexico also rose in July, advancing 0.6 percent and 0.5 percent, 

respectively. (See table 8.) 

Terms of Trade Indexes: Terms of Trade indexes are based on country, region, or grouping and measure 

the change in the purchasing power of exports relative to imports. The U.S. terms of trade with China 

increased 0.7 percent in July following a 0.4-percent decline the previous month. In July, the increase 

resulted from both a rise in export prices to China and a decline in import prices from China. U.S. terms of 

trade with China edged down 0.1 percent for the year ended in July. The index for U.S. terms of trade with 

Japan advanced 1.0 percent in July, after recording no change in June. U.S. terms of trade with Japan rose 

0.3 percent over the past 12 months. The U.S. terms of trade with the European Union increased 0.6 percent 

in July following a 0.2-percent decline in June and a 0.4-percent drop in May. U.S. terms of trade with 

Mexico and Canada also advanced in July, rising 0.8 percent and 0.3 percent, respectively. (See table 9.) 

Import and Export Services 

Imports: Import air passenger fares declined 9.9 percent in July following a 6.7-percent increase in June 

and a 6.9-percent advance in May. The decrease was the largest 1-month drop since the index fell 10.6 

percent in August 2017. In July, the decline was led by a 12.7-percent decrease in European fares and an 

11.8-percent drop in Asian fares. Import air passenger fares fell 6.6 percent over the past 12 months. The 

price index for import air freight fell 1.8 percent in July, after edging down 0.1 percent in June. The July 

drop was the largest monthly decrease since the index fell 6.1 percent in February. The price index for 

import air freight declined 6.6 percent over the past 12 months. (See table 10.) 

Exports: Export air passenger fares increased 3.3 percent in July, after rising 4.0 percent in June. Higher 

Latin American/Caribbean, European, and Asian fares all contributed to the advance in July. Despite the 

recent increases, export air passenger fares declined 1.4 percent from July 2018 to July 2019. Export air 

freight prices rose 0.6 percent in July, the largest monthly advance since the index increased 0.6 percent in 

October 2018. Prices for export air freight also advanced over the past year, rising 1.4 percent. 

 

Import and Export Price Index data for August are scheduled for release on Friday, September 13, 2019 at 

8:30 a.m. (EDT). 
Table 1. U.S. import price indexes and percent changes for selected categories of goods: July 2018 to July

2019

[2000=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description End Use

Relative

importance

June

20191

Index Percent change

June

2019

July

2019

Annual Monthly

July

2018 to

July

2019

Mar.

2019 to

Apr.

2019

Apr.

2019 to

May

2019

May

2019 to

June

2019

June

2019 to

July

2019

All commodities................................... 100.000 125.6 125.8 -1.8 0.2 0.2 -1.1 0.2

All imports excluding food and fuels (Dec.

2010=100)........................................ 83.315 99.1 99.1 -1.5 -0.3 -0.2 -0.2 0.0

All imports excluding petroleum.............. 89.664 111.9 111.9 -1.3 -0.4 -0.3 -0.4 0.0

All imports excluding fuels (Dec.

2001=100)........................................ 89.339 116.2 116.1 -1.3 -0.1 -0.3 -0.3 -0.1

Foods, feeds, & beverages................... 0 6.024 179.8 178.9 2.1 2.8 -0.9 -1.4 -0.5

Agricultural foods, feeds & beverages,

excluding distilled beverages............. 00 4.684 196.7 195.6 2.6 3.6 -1.0 -1.9 -0.6

Nonagricultural foods (fish, distilled

beverages).................................. 01 1.340 141.5 141.1 -0.1 0.0 -0.4 0.0 -0.3

Industrial supplies & materials.............. 1 24.514 189.3 191.0 -4.7 0.7 0.9 -3.7 0.9

Industrial supplies & materials excluding

petroleum.................................... 14.327 151.5 151.7 -4.3 -2.6 -1.0 -1.3 0.1

Industrial supplies & materials excluding

fuels (Dec. 2001=100)..................... 13.854 173.9 174.3 -3.8 -0.1 -1.0 -0.7 0.2

Industrial supplies & materials, durable. . .. 8.696 164.6 165.8 -3.9 -0.1 -1.2 -0.6 0.7

Industrial supplies & materials nondurable

excluding petroleum....................... 5.482 135.6 134.5 -4.5 -5.9 -0.6 -2.3 -0.8

Fuels & lubricants............................. 10 10.661 215.7 219.5 -5.5 1.9 3.3 -7.3 1.8

Petroleum & petroleum products......... 100 10.336 237.1 241.7 -5.9 4.6 3.5 -7.0 1.9

Crude........................................ 10000 7.530 247.4 250.9 -7.8 5.4 3.3 -7.8 1.4

Fuels, n.e.s.-coals & gas.................. 101 0.325 74.4 72.1 -20.4 -40.6 -1.3 -16.7 -3.1

Gas-natural.................................. 10110 0.230 57.1 56.3 -22.1 -47.2 -1.9 -22.1 -1.4

Paper & paper base stocks.................. 11 0.573 120.3 117.1 -3.1 -0.8 -2.6 -0.1 -2.7

Materials associated with nondurable

supplies & materials....................... 12 4.584 157.3 156.7 -3.5 -0.1 -0.4 -1.0 -0.4

Selected building materials.................. 13 1.478 141.8 143.2 -10.2 -1.3 -1.6 0.6 1.0

Unfinished metals related to durable

goods........................................ 14 3.711 228.8 231.2 -3.1 0.6 -1.8 -1.3 1.0

Finished metals related to durable

goods........................................ 15 1.760 157.0 157.4 -3.3 -0.4 -0.7 -0.5 0.3

Nonmetals related to durable goods. . . . . .. 16 1.746 112.9 113.1 -0.5 -0.4 -0.3 0.0 0.2

Capital goods................................... 2 27.781 88.3 88.2 -1.3 -0.4 0.0 -0.2 -0.1

Electric generating equipment............... 20 3.424 119.4 119.7 1.4 0.4 0.2 0.3 0.3

Nonelectrical machinery...................... 21 22.080 80.3 80.3 -1.8 -0.6 -0.1 -0.4 0.0

Transportation equipment excluding motor

vehicles (Dec. 2001=100)................. 22 2.277 135.5 135.1 0.3 0.1 -0.1 -0.2 -0.3

Automotive vehicles, parts & engines..... 3 15.678 109.8 109.5 -0.8 -0.2 0.0 0.0 -0.3

Consumer goods, excluding

automotives.................................. 4 26.003 106.8 107.0 -0.6 -0.2 -0.1 0.0 0.2

Nondurables, manufactured................. 40 12.388 123.2 123.6 -0.1 -0.2 0.1 0.0 0.3

Durables, manufactured...................... 41 12.358 91.4 91.4 -1.4 -0.3 -0.1 -0.1 0.0

Nonmanufactured consumer goods. . . . . . .. 42 1.257 116.5 116.7 2.5 -0.4 0.0 0.0 0.2

1 Relative importance figures are based on 2017 trade values.

NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication.

Dash = Not available

5
Table 2. U.S. export price indexes and percent changes for selected categories of goods: July 2018 to July

2019

[2000=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description End Use

Relative

importance

June

20191

Index Percent change

June

2019

July

2019

Annual Monthly

July

2018 to

July

2019

Mar.

2019 to

Apr.

2019

Apr.

2019 to

May

2019

May

2019 to

June

2019

June

2019 to

July

2019

All commodities................................... 100.000 125.9 126.2 -0.9 0.1 -0.3 -0.6 0.2

Agricultural commodities....................... 9.710 180.4 181.2 3.7 -1.4 -1.2 2.5 0.4

All exports excluding food and fuels (Dec.

2010=100)........................................ 80.626 101.5 101.4 -0.3 0.2 -0.2 -0.1 -0.1

Nonagricultural commodities.................. 90.290 121.7 122.0 -1.5 0.2 -0.2 -1.0 0.2

Foods, feeds, & beverages................... 0 9.024 183.7 184.8 4.8 -1.7 -1.2 2.9 0.6

Agricultural foods, feeds & beverages,

excluding distilled beverages............. 00 8.420 182.4 183.4 5.2 -1.8 -1.1 3.2 0.5

Nonagricultural foods (fish, distilled

beverages).................................. 01 0.604 211.4 212.5 0.0 -2.1 -2.4 -0.7 0.5

Industrial supplies & materials.............. 1 31.999 154.0 155.0 -5.5 0.5 -0.6 -2.8 0.6

Industrial supplies & materials, durable. . .. 10.277 164.7 165.7 -0.7 0.5 -0.8 -0.3 0.6

Industrial supplies & materials,

nondurable.................................. 21.723 149.4 150.4 -7.7 0.6 -0.6 -3.9 0.7

Agricultural industrial supplies &

materials..................................... 10 1.260 173.5 172.9 -5.3 0.4 -1.6 -1.6 -0.3

Nonagricultural industrial supplies &

materials..................................... 30.739 153.4 154.5 -5.4 0.5 -0.6 -2.8 0.7

Fuels & lubricants............................. 11 10.350 178.8 183.0 -11.3 1.4 -1.1 -7.3 2.3

Nonagricultural supplies & materials

excluding fuels & building materials. . . .. 12 19.398 157.2 157.1 -2.5 0.0 -0.3 -0.4 -0.1

Selected building materials.................. 13 0.991 121.1 119.7 -4.3 0.8 -0.6 -0.9 -1.2

Capital goods................................... 2 36.171 110.7 110.6 0.6 0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.1

Electrical generating equipment............. 20 3.783 118.0 117.9 0.9 0.3 0.0 0.0 -0.1

Nonelectrical machinery...................... 21 23.625 94.6 94.5 -0.4 -0.2 -0.2 0.0 -0.1

Transportation equipment excluding motor

vehicles (Dec. 2001=100)................. 22 8.763 182.6 182.7 3.5 0.7 0.2 0.1 0.1

Automotive vehicles, parts & engines..... 3 10.242 114.8 114.7 0.5 0.2 -0.1 0.0 -0.1

Consumer goods, excluding

automotives.................................. 4 12.564 110.4 110.6 0.7 0.3 0.0 0.1 0.2

Nondurables, manufactured................. 40 5.939 107.7 108.4 1.9 0.7 0.0 -0.2 0.6

Durables, manufactured...................... 41 5.187 107.7 107.4 -0.3 0.0 0.0 0.6 -0.3

Nonmanufactured consumer goods (Dec.

2018=100)................................... 42 1.437 98.9 99.0 – 0.0 -0.3 -0.4 0.1

1 Relative importance figures are based on 2017 trade values.

NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication.

Dash = Not available

6
Table 3. U.S. import price indexes and percent changes for selected industries: July 2018 to July 2019

[December 2005=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description NAICS

Relative

importance

June

20191

Index Percent change

June

2019

July

2019

Annual Monthly

July

2018 to

July

2019

Mar.

2019 to

Apr.

2019

Apr.

2019 to

May

2019

May

2019 to

June

2019

June

2019 to

July

2019

Nonmanufacturing................................ 10.061 117.1 118.1 -2.2 3.6 2.1 -7.1 0.9

Agriculture, forestry, fishing and

hunting........................................ 11 1.928 180.4 179.3 8.7 6.6 -2.1 -3.5 -0.6

Crop production............................... 111 1.573 195.2 193.3 11.5 8.3 -1.4 -3.7 -1.0

Mining............................................ 21 8.133 110.7 112.1 -4.5 2.9 3.1 -7.9 1.3

Oil and gas extraction........................ 211 7.883 110.6 112.0 -5.0 3.1 3.2 -8.1 1.3

Manufacturing..................................... 89.631 110.9 111.0 -1.3 -0.2 -0.1 -0.4 0.1

Manufacturing, part 1......................... 31 11.179 125.1 124.8 -0.1 0.2 -0.1 -0.1 -0.2

Food manufacturing.......................... 311 3.393 155.6 154.3 -0.7 0.4 -0.2 -0.3 -0.8

Beverage and tobacco product

manufacturing............................... 312 1.116 122.1 122.2 0.3 1.3 -1.2 -0.1 0.1

Textile mills (Dec. 2011=100)............... 313 0.364 99.3 101.2 1.2 0.6 -1.0 -0.2 1.9

Textile product mills.......................... 314 0.934 109.2 108.4 -0.9 0.0 0.6 -0.2 -0.7

Apparel manufacturing....................... 315 3.741 112.1 112.1 0.4 -0.1 0.0 0.1 0.0

Leather and allied product

manufacturing............................... 316 1.631 123.2 123.3 -0.2 -0.3 0.1 0.0 0.1

Manufacturing, part 2......................... 32 17.478 125.8 126.6 -2.2 0.1 0.4 -1.0 0.6

Paper manufacturing......................... 322 1.044 113.1 111.4 -2.2 -0.3 -2.1 -0.1 -1.5

Petroleum and coal products

manufacturing............................... 324 2.564 100.4 104.5 0.5 2.4 4.2 -4.9 4.1

Chemical manufacturing..................... 325 9.544 138.7 139.0 -1.8 -0.2 0.1 -0.6 0.2

Plastics and rubber products

manufacturing............................... 326 2.267 119.2 119.0 -0.6 -0.2 0.0 0.0 -0.2

Nonmetallic mineral product

manufacturing............................... 327 1.036 131.3 130.8 -0.5 0.2 0.0 0.1 -0.4

Manufacturing, part 3......................... 33 60.975 103.5 103.4 -1.3 -0.3 -0.2 -0.2 -0.1

Primary metal manufacturing................ 331 4.314 153.6 155.0 -2.1 0.7 -1.6 -1.3 0.9

Fabricated metal product manufacturing... 332 3.107 126.4 126.3 -1.4 0.0 -0.2 0.0 -0.1

Machinery manufacturing.................... 333 7.275 118.5 118.7 0.1 -0.1 -0.1 -0.1 0.2

Computer and electronic product

manufacturing............................... 334 17.240 72.7 72.5 -3.3 -0.9 -0.1 -0.4 -0.3

Electrical equipment, appliance, and

component manufacturing................. 335 5.156 117.5 117.8 1.5 0.3 0.1 0.3 0.3

Transportation equipment manufacturing... 336 16.639 109.0 108.7 -0.7 -0.1 -0.1 0.0 -0.3

Furniture and related product

manufacturing............................... 337 1.873 117.1 116.8 -0.3 0.0 0.1 -0.4 -0.3

Miscellaneous manufacturing............... 339 5.371 118.2 118.4 -0.3 -0.1 -0.3 0.1 0.2

1 Relative importance figures are based on 2017 trade values.

NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication.

Dash = Not available

7
Table 4. U.S. export price indexes and percent changes for selected industries: July 2018 to July 2019

[December 2005=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description NAICS

Relative

importance

June

20191

Index Percent change

June

2019

July

2019

Annual Monthly

July

2018 to

July

2019

Mar.

2019 to

Apr.

2019

Apr.

2019 to

May

2019

May

2019 to

June

2019

June

2019 to

July

2019

Nonmanufacturing................................ 8.996 131.7 131.9 -3.4 -1.8 -2.6 -1.2 0.2

Agriculture, forestry, fishing and

hunting........................................ 11 4.883 153.4 153.5 4.0 -2.4 -2.4 4.0 0.1

Crop production............................... 111 4.547 160.8 160.8 5.0 -2.4 -2.4 4.3 0.0

Mining............................................ 21 4.113 82.2 82.4 -12.4 -1.1 -3.0 -6.7 0.2

Mining (except oil and gas).................. 212 1.313 114.8 113.1 -2.1 -0.9 -0.3 -2.2 -1.5

Manufacturing..................................... 89.804 116.6 116.9 -0.4 0.3 -0.1 -0.6 0.3

Manufacturing, part 1......................... 31 6.816 141.2 142.2 1.6 -0.1 0.0 0.4 0.7

Food manufacturing.......................... 311 4.653 159.1 160.6 2.0 -0.2 0.3 0.8 0.9

Beverage and tobacco product

manufacturing............................... 312 0.656 122.4 123.4 2.0 -0.2 -1.5 0.4 0.8

Manufacturing, part 2......................... 32 25.147 114.6 115.5 -3.5 0.9 0.1 -2.4 0.8

Wood product manufacturing (Dec.

2017=100)................................... 321 0.524 97.8 97.3 -6.5 -0.4 -1.1 -1.5 -0.5

Paper manufacturing......................... 322 1.705 126.2 124.5 -5.8 -1.6 -0.6 -0.5 -1.3

Petroleum and coal products

manufacturing............................... 324 6.132 107.9 111.9 -9.5 3.4 0.5 -7.9 3.7

Chemical manufacturing..................... 325 13.435 118.9 118.8 -0.9 0.3 0.1 -0.5 -0.1

Plastics and rubber products

manufacturing............................... 326 2.279 116.5 116.8 0.7 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.3

Nonmetallic mineral product

manufacturing............................... 327 0.847 117.7 117.7 0.8 0.1 0.0 -0.1 0.0

Manufacturing, part 3......................... 33 57.840 115.0 115.0 0.8 0.2 -0.2 0.1 0.0

Primary metal manufacturing................ 331 4.028 146.2 148.4 2.5 0.5 -1.5 0.5 1.5

Fabricated metal product manufacturing... 332 2.994 147.7 148.1 5.0 0.3 0.1 0.7 0.3

Machinery manufacturing.................... 333 9.580 129.9 129.8 2.0 0.2 0.1 0.1 -0.1

Computer and electronic product

manufacturing............................... 334 13.852 82.0 81.7 -2.0 -0.5 -0.2 -0.1 -0.4

Electrical equipment, appliance, and

component manufacturing................. 335 3.821 118.1 118.1 0.3 0.1 -0.1 0.0 0.0

Transportation equipment manufacturing... 336 17.779 129.2 129.2 1.7 0.4 0.0 0.1 0.0

Furniture and related product

manufacturing (Dec. 2011=100).......... 337 0.398 122.5 122.3 1.3 1.0 0.1 -0.1 -0.2

Miscellaneous manufacturing............... 339 5.389 120.5 120.2 -0.2 0.1 -0.2 0.6 -0.2

1 Relative importance figures are based on 2017 trade values.

NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication.

Dash = Not available

8
Table 5. U.S. import price indexes and percent changes for selected categories of goods: July 2018 to July

2019

[2000=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description

Harmonized

system

Relative

importance

June

20191

Index Percent change

June

2019

July

2019

Annual Monthly

July

2018 to

July

2019

Mar.

2019 to

Apr.

2019

Apr.

2019 to

May

2019

May

2019 to

June

2019

June

2019 to

July

2019

Live animals; animal products................. I 1.395 196.0 194.8 1.0 0.8 -0.9 -0.6 -0.6

Meat and edible meat offal..................... 02 0.383 265.7 259.4 5.3 2.8 0.0 0.0 -2.4

Fish and crustaceans, molluscs and other

aquatic invertebrates......................... 03 0.734 139.9 139.9 0.3 -0.2 -0.8 -0.2 0.0

Vegetable products............................... II 1.906 215.3 212.6 10.8 7.8 -1.1 -3.7 -1.3

Edible vegetables, roots, and tubers.......... 07 0.472 506.8 467.8 29.0 12.7 -13.9 0.5 -7.7

Edible fruit and nuts; peel of citrus fruit or

melons.......................................... 08 0.676 124.5 126.9 12.7 14.1 8.5 -11.0 1.9

Coffee, tea, mate and spices.................. 09 0.317 197.7 197.6 -6.4 -0.1 -2.6 1.6 -0.1

Animal or vegetable fats and oils (Dec.

2009=100)........................................ III 0.223 83.9 84.3 -14.8 -2.7 -3.0 -1.9 0.5

Prepared foodstuffs, beverages, and

tobacco........................................... IV 2.829 164.9 164.8 -0.8 0.4 -0.7 0.1 -0.1

Cocoa and cocoa preparations (Dec.

2009=100)..................................... 18 0.226 97.9 98.4 -1.3 0.5 -0.2 1.0 0.5

Preparations of vegetables, fruit, nuts, or

other parts of plants.......................... 20 0.362 170.1 170.2 -0.9 -1.6 0.4 0.1 0.1

Beverages, spirits, and vinegar................ 22 1.068 131.9 132.0 0.0 1.2 -1.4 -0.2 0.1

Mineral products.................................. V 10.651 215.9 219.4 -5.7 1.5 3.2 -7.1 1.6

Mineral fuels, oils and residuals, bituminous

substances and mineral waxes............. 27 10.342 213.2 216.8 -5.9 1.6 3.3 -7.3 1.7

Products of the chemical or allied

industries........................................ VI 8.887 156.1 156.7 -1.8 -0.3 0.0 -0.6 0.4

Inorganic chemicals............................. 28 0.515 293.3 289.9 -8.4 -2.9 -1.4 -4.6 -1.2

Organic chemicals............................... 29 2.028 127.3 126.8 -5.0 0.6 -0.1 -0.3 -0.4

Pharmaceutical products....................... 30 4.333 152.3 154.4 0.3 -0.2 0.1 -0.3 1.4

Fertilizers (Dec. 2009=100).................... 31 0.281 85.2 80.6 -1.5 -3.6 2.5 -3.0 -5.4

Essential oils and resinoids (Dec.

2016=100)..................................... 33 0.601 103.5 104.1 1.4 0.3 0.1 0.1 0.6

Miscellaneous chemical products............. 38 0.583 103.2 103.6 -3.4 -0.5 -0.2 0.0 0.4

Plastics and articles thereof; rubber and

articles thereof.................................. VII 3.490 140.8 140.3 -0.6 -0.1 0.1 0.1 -0.4

Plastics and articles thereof.................... 39 2.333 143.5 143.1 -0.9 -0.2 -0.1 0.1 -0.3

Rubber and articles thereof.................... 40 1.158 137.5 136.8 -0.1 0.2 0.4 0.4 -0.5

Raw hides, skins, leather, furskins, travel

goods, etc....................................... VIII 0.619 124.6 123.9 -1.4 -0.5 0.0 -0.1 -0.6

Articles of leather; travel goods, bags, etc.

of various materials........................... 42 0.592 131.1 130.5 -0.8 -0.5 0.1 -0.1 -0.5

Wood, wood charcoal, cork, straw,

basketware and wickerwork................. IX 0.840 143.6 146.4 -16.4 -2.4 -2.5 1.1 1.9

Woodpulp, recovered paper, and paper

products......................................... X 1.101 120.0 117.9 -2.0 -0.4 -1.4 0.0 -1.8

Paper and paperboard; articles of paper

pulp, paper or paperboard................... 48 0.734 111.0 110.0 -0.6 -0.5 -0.3 -0.1 -0.9

Textile and textile articles....................... XI 4.874 114.2 114.5 0.2 0.1 0.0 -0.2 0.3

Articles of apparel and clothing accessories,

knitted or crocheted.......................... 61 1.972 104.5 104.9 0.8 0.0 0.0 -0.2 0.4

Articles of apparel and clothing accessories,

not knitted or crocheted...................... 62 1.645 120.9 120.7 0.7 -0.2 0.2 0.3 -0.2

Made-up or worn textile articles............... 63 0.650 103.6 102.4 -1.4 0.0 0.1 -0.1 -1.2

See footnotes at end of table.

9
Table 5. U.S. import price indexes and percent changes for selected categories of goods: July 2018 to July

2019 — Continued

[2000=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description

Harmonized

system

Relative

importance

June

20191

Index Percent change

June

2019

July

2019

Annual Monthly

July

2018 to

July

2019

Mar.

2019 to

Apr.

2019

Apr.

2019 to

May

2019

May

2019 to

June

2019

June

2019 to

July

2019

Headgear, umbrellas, artificial flowers,

etc................................................. XII 1.359 122.3 122.5 0.0 -0.2 0.1 0.0 0.2

Footwear and parts of such articles........... 64 1.128 121.3 121.4 0.1 -0.2 0.2 0.0 0.1

Stone, plaster, cement, asbestos,

ceramics, glass etc............................ XIII 0.949 132.1 131.7 -0.5 0.2 -0.1 0.0 -0.3

Ceramic products................................ 69 0.268 136.6 135.6 0.4 0.2 0.1 0.1 -0.7

Pearls, stones, precious metals, imitation

jewelry, and coins.............................. XIV 2.713 177.6 182.8 6.7 -0.6 -0.8 0.7 2.9

Base metals and articles of base metals. . .. XV 5.806 174.1 173.2 -5.5 0.3 -1.1 -1.4 -0.5

Iron and steel.................................... 72 1.337 216.2 212.7 -8.8 1.3 -1.4 -1.6 -1.6

Articles of iron or steel.......................... 73 1.719 149.8 149.0 -2.6 -0.1 -0.3 -0.3 -0.5

Copper and articles thereof.................... 74 0.430 271.5 275.5 -6.2 -0.6 -2.5 -5.0 1.5

Aluminum and articles thereof................. 76 0.996 130.6 130.2 -7.9 0.7 -1.6 -1.3 -0.3

Tools, implements, cutlery, spoons and

forks, of base metal; parts thereof.......... 82 0.442 123.7 123.7 0.7 0.0 -0.1 0.0 0.0

Miscellaneous articles of base metal. . . . . . . .. 83 0.517 135.9 136.3 -0.7 -0.7 -0.1 -0.1 0.3

Machinery, electrical equipment, TV image

and sound recorders, parts, etc............. XVI 29.952 79.2 79.2 -1.5 -0.6 0.0 -0.1 0.0

Machinery and mechanical appliances;

parts thereof................................... 84 14.873 85.3 85.3 -1.8 -0.7 -0.1 -0.2 0.0

Electrical machinery and equip, sound and

TV recorders & reproducers, parts......... 85 15.079 73.5 73.6 -1.1 -0.4 -0.1 0.1 0.1

Vehicles, aircraft, vessels and associated

transport equipment........................... XVII 13.898 113.4 113.1 -1.0 -0.2 -0.1 -0.1 -0.3

Motor vehicles and their parts................. 87 12.723 112.5 112.3 -1.0 -0.2 -0.1 0.0 -0.2

Aircraft, spacecraft, and parts thereof (Dec.

2002=100)..................................... 88 1.067 113.7 113.0 -2.1 0.1 -0.2 -0.7 -0.6

Optical, photo, measuring, medical &

musical instruments; & timepieces. . . . . . .. XVIII 3.983 101.7 101.7 -0.8 0.0 -0.3 0.0 0.0

Optical, photographic, measuring and

medical instruments.......................... 90 3.714 98.2 98.2 -0.8 -0.1 -0.2 -0.1 0.0

Clocks and watches and parts thereof. . . . . .. 91 0.208 141.8 143.0 0.6 0.6 -0.3 -0.1 0.8

Miscellaneous manufactured articles......... XX 4.447 112.2 112.1 -0.3 -0.3 0.0 -0.2 -0.1

Furniture & stuffed furnishings; lamps &

lighting fittings, nesoi; prefab bldgs......... 94 2.796 118.3 118.0 -0.2 -0.1 0.0 -0.3 -0.3

Toys, games and sports equipment; parts

and accessories thereof...................... 95 1.380 102.1 102.2 -0.5 -0.4 -0.2 0.1 0.1

Miscellaneous manufactured articles. . . . . . . .. 96 0.271 128.8 128.7 -0.7 -0.6 0.0 0.0 -0.1

1 Relative importance figures are based on 2017 trade values.

NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication.

Dash = Not available

10
Table 6. U.S. export price indexes and percent changes for selected categories of goods: July 2018 to July

2019

[2000=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description

Harmonized

system

Relative

importance

June

20191

Index Percent change

June

2019

July

2019

Annual Monthly

July

2018 to

July

2019

Mar.

2019 to

Apr.

2019

Apr.

2019 to

May

2019

May

2019 to

June

2019

June

2019 to

July

2019

Live animals; animal products................. I 2.005 217.9 218.1 4.2 -0.4 2.0 1.0 0.1

Meat & edible meat offal (Dec. 2006=100)... 02 1.198 172.7 173.6 4.8 0.6 3.7 1.8 0.5

Fish and crustaceans, mollusks and aquatic

invertebrates (Dec. 2016=100).............. 03 0.394 116.1 116.7 -0.7 -2.6 -2.8 -0.9 0.5

Vegetable products............................... II 4.589 199.1 199.6 7.7 -3.6 -2.1 5.2 0.3

Edible fruit and nuts; peel of citrus fruit or

melons.......................................... 08 0.997 139.7 137.0 1.5 -3.3 -1.5 5.8 -1.9

Cereals............................................ 10 1.457 205.7 204.4 9.1 -1.9 -2.6 11.9 -0.6

Oilseeds and misc. grains, seeds, fruits,

plants, straw and fodder..................... 12 1.679 187.0 190.4 1.6 0.1 -5.0 3.9 1.8

Prepared foodstuffs, beverages, and

tobacco........................................... IV 3.013 153.3 155.6 3.1 0.1 -1.3 1.2 1.5

Miscellaneous edible preparations (Dec.

2017=100)..................................... 21 0.567 98.1 98.9 3.1 -0.3 -0.3 0.9 0.8

Beverages, spirits, and vinegar (Dec.

2008=100)..................................... 22 0.550 110.2 112.9 2.8 0.1 0.1 3.6 2.5

Residues and waste from the food

industries; prepared animal feed............ 23 0.694 213.4 220.7 1.2 0.5 -6.2 2.2 3.4

Mineral products.................................. V 10.440 215.3 220.5 -11.1 1.6 -0.9 -7.5 2.4

Ores, slag and ash (Dec. 2012=100)......... 26 0.401 96.3 95.6 -9.3 0.7 0.3 -4.6 -0.7

Mineral fuels, oils and residuals, bituminous

substances and mineral waxes............. 27 9.841 206.8 212.2 -11.4 1.7 -1.0 -7.8 2.6

Products of the chemical or allied

industries........................................ VI 10.916 138.3 138.0 -0.9 0.3 -0.3 -0.7 -0.2

Inorganic chemicals............................. 28 0.743 149.6 149.6 -5.2 0.2 0.5 -0.3 0.0

Organic chemicals............................... 29 2.591 142.7 140.5 -4.7 -0.3 -1.4 -1.5 -1.5

Pharmaceutical products....................... 30 3.049 106.6 107.8 1.0 1.1 0.0 -0.2 1.1

Tanning or dyeing extracts, dyes, paints

varnish, putty, & inks (Dec. 2015=100). . .. 32 0.546 103.8 105.5 2.8 2.4 1.2 -1.2 1.6

Essential oils and resinoids; perfumery

cosmetic or toilet preparations.............. 33 0.854 131.3 131.1 0.2 -0.5 -0.4 -0.6 -0.2

Soap; lubricants; waxes, polishing or

scouring products; candles, pastes......... 34 0.492 124.2 124.3 4.2 0.6 0.2 -0.1 0.1

Miscellaneous chemical products............. 38 1.982 156.6 155.2 0.9 0.4 -0.1 -0.4 -0.9

Plastics and articles thereof; rubber and

articles thereof.................................. VII 5.231 143.9 144.0 -1.0 -0.1 0.4 -0.1 0.1

Plastics and articles thereof.................... 39 4.354 141.2 141.0 -0.7 -0.1 0.5 0.1 -0.1

Rubber and articles thereof.................... 40 0.877 153.6 154.7 -2.5 -0.1 0.0 -0.6 0.7

Wood, wood charcoal, cork, straw, baskets

and wickerwork (Dec. 2014=100)............ IX 0.635 97.4 96.6 -9.3 0.0 -0.8 -1.2 -0.8

Woodpulp, recovered paper, and paper

products......................................... X 1.897 124.6 122.7 -9.3 -1.3 -0.9 -0.6 -1.5

Paper and paperboard; articles of paper

pulp, paper or paperboard................... 48 1.088 125.9 125.7 -3.2 -1.5 -0.3 0.2 -0.2

Textile and textile articles....................... XI 1.736 121.4 121.1 -2.9 1.0 -0.6 -1.9 -0.2

Cotton, including yarns and woven fabrics

thereof.......................................... 52 0.485 118.5 116.2 -15.2 2.3 -1.7 -6.7 -1.9

Stone, plaster, cement, asbestos,

ceramics, glass etc............................ XIII 0.822 127.5 127.2 2.5 0.1 0.0 0.0 -0.2

Pearls, stones, precious metals, imitation

jewelry, and coins.............................. XIV 4.233 245.3 250.9 6.7 0.1 -1.0 1.6 2.3

Base metals and articles of base metals. . .. XV 4.722 159.1 158.1 -3.6 0.7 -1.4 -0.8 -0.6

See footnotes at end of table.

11
Table 6. U.S. export price indexes and percent changes for selected categories of goods: July 2018 to July

2019 — Continued

[2000=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description

Harmonized

system

Relative

importance

June

20191

Index Percent change

June

2019

July

2019

Annual Monthly

July

2018 to

July

2019

Mar.

2019 to

Apr.

2019

Apr.

2019 to

May

2019

May

2019 to

June

2019

June

2019 to

July

2019

Copper and articles thereof.................... 74 0.480 178.6 177.8 -9.3 0.6 -2.0 -5.3 -0.4

Aluminum and articles thereof................. 76 0.706 104.2 103.0 -14.5 2.3 -2.2 -2.1 -1.2

Miscellaneous articles of base metal. . . . . . . .. 83 0.334 153.1 153.1 0.1 -0.7 -0.6 0.1 0.0

Machinery, electrical equipment, TV image

and sound recorders, parts, etc............. XVI 28.188 98.0 97.7 0.0 0.0 -0.2 0.1 -0.3

Machinery and mechanical appliances;

parts thereof................................... 84 16.392 116.3 116.1 0.8 0.0 -0.2 0.1 -0.2

Electrical machinery and equipment and

parts and accessories thereof............... 85 11.796 78.3 78.0 -0.9 0.0 -0.1 0.0 -0.4

Vehicles, aircraft, vessels and associated

transport equipment........................... XVII 13.795 137.2 137.2 1.4 0.4 0.0 0.1 0.0

Motor vehicles and their parts................. 87 8.362 116.7 116.6 0.3 0.3 -0.1 0.0 -0.1

Optical, photo, measuring, medical &

musical instruments; & timepieces. . . . . . .. XVIII 5.854 109.0 109.2 -0.3 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.2

Miscellaneous manufactured articles......... XX 1.378 112.9 112.8 0.1 0.1 -0.1 -0.1 -0.1

Furniture; stuffed furnishings; lamps and

lighting fittings nesoi;......................... 94 0.769 130.9 130.8 0.6 0.4 0.1 -0.2 -0.1

Toys, games and sports equipment; parts

and accessories thereof...................... 95 0.454 88.1 88.0 0.7 -0.2 -0.2 0.0 -0.1

1 Relative importance figures are based on 2017 trade values.

NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication.

Dash = Not available

12
Table 7. U.S. import price indexes and percent changes by locality of origin: July 2018 to July 2019

[2000=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description

Relative

importance

June

20191

Index Percent change

June

2019

July

2019

Annual Monthly

July

2018 to

July

2019

Mar.

2019 to

Apr.

2019

Apr.

2019 to

May

2019

May

2019 to

June

2019

June

2019 to

July

2019

Industrialized Countries2

.................... 100.000 127.0 127.6 1.3 0.5 0.2 -1.3 0.5

Nonmanufacturing........................... 11.337 191.6 194.3 14.2 4.8 0.0 -7.9 1.4

Manufacturing................................ 88.085 121.0 121.4 -0.4 -0.1 0.2 -0.3 0.3

Canada.......................................... 100.000 141.6 141.9 3.2 1.7 0.1 -3.3 0.2

Nonmanufacturing........................... 30.743 188.1 190.4 17.1 5.2 0.1 -8.2 1.2

Manufacturing................................ 68.417 130.6 130.4 -2.9 0.2 0.2 -0.9 -0.2

European Union............................... 100.000 136.8 137.1 -0.1 0.0 0.3 -0.6 0.2

Manufacturing................................ 98.719 133.2 133.5 -0.1 -0.1 0.3 -0.5 0.2

France (Dec. 2003=100)...................... 100.000 127.4 128.5 -0.1 0.2 -0.1 -0.6 0.9

Germany (Dec. 2003=100)................... 100.000 112.3 112.4 0.4 -0.3 -0.1 0.0 0.1

United Kingdom (Dec. 2003=100).......... 100.000 121.3 121.6 -0.4 0.6 0.2 -0.7 0.2

Latin America3

................................. 100.000 148.2 147.9 -2.6 0.5 0.9 -1.3 -0.2

Nonmanufacturing........................... 17.667 273.2 273.9 -1.0 4.2 5.6 -4.4 0.3

Manufacturing................................ 82.054 119.8 119.4 -2.8 -0.2 0.0 -0.7 -0.3

Mexico (Dec. 2003=100)...................... 100.000 127.7 127.4 -0.9 1.1 0.4 -1.3 -0.2

Nonmanufacturing (Dec. 2008=100). . . . .. 9.024 148.3 151.5 8.1 15.1 3.2 -9.6 2.2

Manufacturing (Dec. 2008=100)........... 90.713 87.2 86.7 -1.8 -0.2 0.1 -0.3 -0.6

Pacific Rim (Dec. 2003=100)4............... 100.000 98.2 98.2 -1.1 -0.2 -0.1 -0.2 0.0

China (Dec. 2003=100)....................... 100.000 98.9 98.8 -1.6 -0.2 -0.1 -0.2 -0.1

Japan............................................ 100.000 96.6 96.6 -0.1 0.0 0.0 -0.1 0.0

Taiwan (Dec. 2018=100)...................... 100.000 98.7 98.8 – -0.7 0.0 -0.1 0.1

Asian NICs5

..................................... 100.000 87.8 88.3 -1.1 0.2 -0.1 -0.8 0.6

ASEAN (Dec. 2003=100)6

.................... 100.000 96.6 96.8 -2.0 -0.2 -0.1 -0.2 0.2

Asia Near East (Dec. 2003=100)7

........... 100.000 181.0 182.0 -5.5 1.9 2.0 -4.3 0.6

1 Relative importance figures are based on 2017 trade values.

2 Western Europe, Canada, Japan, Australia, New Zealand, and South Africa.

3 Mexico, Central America, South America, and the Caribbean.

4 China, Japan, Australia, Brunei, Indonesia, Macao, Malaysia, New Zealand, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, and the Asian Newly Industrialized

Countries.

5 Asian Newly Industrialized Countries - Hong Kong, Singapore, South Korea, and Taiwan.

6 Association of Southeast Asian Nations - Brunei, Cambodia, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, Philippines, Singapore, Thailand, and Vietnam.

7 Bahrain, Iran, Iraq, Israel, Jordan, Kuwait, Lebanon, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Syria, United Arab Emirates, and Yemen.

NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication.

Regions are not mutually exclusive.

Dash = Not available

13
Table 8. U.S. export price indexes and percent changes by locality of destination: July 2018 to July 2019

[December 2017=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description

Relative

importance

June

20191

Index Percent change

June

2019

July

2019

Annual Monthly

July

2018 to

July

2019

Mar.

2019 to

Apr.

2019

Apr.

2019 to

May

2019

May

2019 to

June

2019

June

2019 to

July

2019

Industrialized Countries2

.................... 100.000 102.9 103.5 1.1 -0.3 -0.3 -0.4 0.6

Nonmanufacturing........................... 8.480 109.1 110.0 11.3 -4.7 -2.2 -4.0 0.8

Manufacturing................................ 90.458 102.7 103.2 0.5 0.2 -0.2 0.0 0.5

Canada.......................................... 100.000 104.5 105.1 1.3 -0.8 -0.3 -0.4 0.6

European Union............................... 100.000 104.2 105.0 1.5 0.5 -0.1 -0.8 0.8

Nonmanufacturing........................... 7.372 106.5 106.1 5.2 3.0 -2.4 -4.1 -0.4

Manufacturing................................ 91.568 104.2 105.1 1.4 0.2 0.1 -0.4 0.9

Germany........................................ 100.000 103.0 104.4 2.8 0.7 0.1 0.1 1.4

Latin America3

................................. 100.000 100.8 101.5 -2.1 0.0 -0.2 -1.9 0.7

Nonmanufacturing........................... 7.080 105.6 104.8 1.5 -1.3 -1.9 0.9 -0.8

Manufacturing................................ 92.498 100.5 101.3 -2.3 0.0 0.0 -2.0 0.8

Mexico........................................... 100.000 100.3 100.8 -1.9 -0.4 -0.1 -1.3 0.5

Nonmanufacturing........................... 6.123 98.5 98.2 -4.2 -3.8 -1.8 0.5 -0.3

Manufacturing................................ 93.386 100.3 101.0 -1.7 -0.2 0.0 -1.5 0.7

Pacific Rim4

.................................... 100.000 99.7 100.8 0.0 0.2 -0.8 -0.3 1.1

Nonmanufacturing........................... 14.096 97.2 102.7 7.0 3.3 -3.8 -1.2 5.7

Manufacturing................................ 84.039 100.6 101.1 -0.2 -0.3 -0.1 -0.1 0.5

China............................................ 100.000 97.7 98.3 -1.7 0.4 -1.4 -0.6 0.6

Nonmanufacturing........................... 20.348 95.6 98.4 5.1 3.8 -4.6 -1.3 2.9

Manufacturing................................ 76.312 99.7 99.8 -1.2 -0.4 -0.4 0.0 0.1

Japan............................................ 100.000 99.9 100.9 0.2 0.7 -0.8 -0.1 1.0

Nonmanufacturing........................... 18.996 103.7 106.1 7.4 2.8 -2.9 0.4 2.3

Manufacturing................................ 79.926 98.8 99.4 -1.6 0.1 -0.2 -0.2 0.6

1 Relative importance figures are based on 2017 trade values.

2 Western Europe, Canada, Japan, Australia, New Zealand, and South Africa.

3 Mexico, Central America, South America, and the Caribbean.

4 China, Japan, Australia, Brunei, Indonesia, Macao, Malaysia, New Zealand, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, and the Asian Newly Industrialized

Countries.

NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication.

Regions are not mutually exclusive.

Dash = Not available

14
Table 9. U.S. terms of trade indexes and percent changes by locality: July 2018 to July 20191

[December 2017=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description

Index Percent change

June

2019

July

2019

Annual Monthly

July

2018 to

July

2019

Mar.

2019 to

Apr.

2019

Apr.

2019 to

May

2019

May

2019 to

June

2019

June

2019 to

July

2019

Industrialized Countries2

............................ 99.2 99.3 -0.2 -0.7 -0.5 1.0 0.1

Canada.................................................. 97.0 97.3 -1.9 -2.5 -0.3 3.0 0.3

European Union...................................... 102.5 103.1 1.7 0.5 -0.4 -0.2 0.6

Germany................................................ 105.6 106.9 2.3 1.0 0.2 0.1 1.2

Latin America3

........................................ 101.3 102.2 0.5 -0.5 -1.2 -0.5 0.9

Mexico.................................................. 101.3 102.1 -1.0 -1.5 -0.5 0.0 0.8

Pacific Rim4............................................ 99.9 101.0 1.1 0.4 -0.7 -0.1 1.1

China.................................................... 98.9 99.6 -0.1 0.6 -1.3 -0.4 0.7

Japan.................................................... 98.8 99.8 0.3 0.6 -0.7 0.0 1.0

1 Terms of trade indexes are derived by dividing the export price index by the corresponding import price index and multiplying by 100.

2 Western Europe, Canada, Japan, Australia, New Zealand, and South Africa.

3 Mexico, Central America, South America, and the Caribbean.

4 China, Japan, Australia, Brunei, Indonesia, Macao, Malaysia, New Zealand, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, and the Asian Newly Industrialized

Countries.

NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication.

Regions are not mutually exclusive.

Dash = Not available

15
Table 10. U.S. international price indexes and percent changes for selected transportation services: July 2018

to July 2019

[2000=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description

Relative

importance

June

20191

Index Percent change

June

2019

July

2019

Annual Monthly

July

2018 to

July

2019

Mar.

2019 to

Apr.

2019

Apr.

2019 to

May

2019

May

2019 to

June

2019

June

2019 to

July

2019

Air Freight

Import Air Freight.................................... 100.000 178.9 175.6 -6.6 1.8 0.4 -0.1 -1.8

Europe (Dec. 2003=100).......................... 26.976 148.0 144.2 -2.4 0.1 -1.1 0.1 -2.6

Asia.................................................. 59.950 167.7 164.5 -9.7 2.8 1.0 -0.1 -1.9

Export Air Freight................................... 100.000 165.3 166.3 1.4 -0.1 0.2 -0.5 0.6

Europe (Dec. 2006=100).......................... 31.871 151.7 152.5 2.9 0.3 0.9 -0.5 0.5

Inbound Air Freight................................. 100.000 168.1 164.6 -4.2 -0.7 1.0 0.5 -2.1

Europe (Dec. 2003=100).......................... 28.398 138.0 132.1 -3.3 -1.0 -0.3 1.4 -4.3

Asia.................................................. 56.854 155.8 153.3 -5.8 -0.3 1.7 0.2 -1.6

Outbound Air Freight............................... 100.000 144.8 148.5 2.8 -0.6 0.3 0.0 2.6

Europe (Dec. 2003=100).......................... 33.618 154.5 155.1 4.9 0.9 0.9 -0.3 0.4

Asia.................................................. 44.098 138.0 146.5 3.0 -2.1 0.0 0.4 6.2

Air Passenger Fares

Import Air Passenger Fares....................... 100.000 185.7 167.4 -6.6 -7.2 6.9 6.7 -9.9

Europe............................................... 54.287 211.3 184.5 -7.9 -11.5 8.0 7.3 -12.7

Asia.................................................. 21.278 150.4 132.6 -8.3 0.1 9.9 9.7 -11.8

Latin America/Caribbean.......................... 6.321 158.4 168.1 2.3 0.6 -2.4 4.3 6.1

Export Air Passenger Fares....................... 100.000 154.2 159.3 -1.4 -1.4 0.7 4.0 3.3

Europe............................................... 29.087 201.3 207.7 -2.5 -3.2 0.9 5.2 3.2

Asia.................................................. 28.187 138.9 141.1 -0.8 -5.0 5.6 5.5 1.6

Latin America/Caribbean.......................... 25.041 159.1 169.7 3.1 3.5 -5.3 4.9 6.7

1 Relative importance figures are based on 2017 trade values.

NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication.

Dash = Not available

16
17 

TECHNICAL NOTE

Import and Export Goods and Services Price Indexes - All indexes use a modified Laspeyres 

formula and are not seasonally adjusted. Price indexes are reweighted annually, with a 2-year lag in the 

weights. Published series use a base year of 2000=100 where possible. More detailed index series and 

additional information may be obtained at www.bls.gov/mxp or by calling (202) 691-7101. 

Merchandise Goods Classification Systems - The merchandise price indexes are published using three 

classification systems. Items are classified by end use according to the Bureau of Economic Analysis 

Classification System, by industry according to the North American Industry Classification System 

(NAICS), and by product category according to the Harmonized System (HS). While classification by 

end use and product category are self-explanatory, some notes are in order for classifying items by 

industry. In the NAICS imports and exports tables, items are classified by output industry, not input 

industry. As an example, NAICS import index 326 (plastics and rubber products manufacturing) 

includes outputs such as manufactured plastic rather than inputs such as petroleum. The NAICS 

classification structure also matches the classification system used by the Producer Price Index (PPI) to 

produce the NAICS primary products indexes.

Import Price Goods Indexes - Items are classified by the Harmonized Tariff Schedule of the United 

States Annotated (TSUSA). Import prices are based on U.S. dollar prices paid by the U.S. importer. The 

prices are generally either "free on board" (f.o.b.) foreign port or "cost, insurance, and freight" (c.i.f.) 

U.S. port transaction prices, depending on the practices of the individual industry. The index for crude 

petroleum is calculated from data collected by the U.S. Department of Energy. 

Export Price Goods Indexes - Items are classified by the Harmonized Schedule B classification system 

of the U.S. Bureau of the Census. The prices used are generally either "free alongside ship" (f.a.s.) 

factory or "free on board" (f.o.b.) transaction prices, depending on the practices of the individual 

industry. Prices used in the grain index, excluding rice, are obtained from the U.S. Department of 

Agriculture. 

Services Price Indexes - Indexes for import and export air passenger fares calculate changes in the 

average revenue received per passenger by foreign carriers from U.S. residents and by U.S. carriers from 

foreign residents, respectively. Data are obtained from an airline consulting service and report on tickets 

sold by travel agencies, travel websites, and directly by the airlines. Taxes and fees are included in both 

the import and export air passenger fares indexes. Import air passenger fares data have used the airline 

consulting service source since September 2008. Before April 2018, the export air passenger fares data 

were collected directly by BLS from U.S. airlines. The air freight indexes are calculated from data 

collected directly from airlines. These data exclude mail and passenger baggage. The scope of the 

service being priced is the movement of freight from airport to airport only, and does not include any 

ground transportation or port service. The air freight indexes are presented using two definitions: 

balance of payments (which represents transactions between U.S. and foreign residents) and 

international (which represents transactions inbound to and outbound from the United States.) Fact 

sheets specifying detailed information for each services industry are available at www.bls.gov/mxp 

under "MXP Publications." 
18 

Import Price Indexes by Locality of Origin - Prices used in these indexes are a subset of the data 

collected for the import price indexes. The indexes are specific to a country, region, or grouping and, 

beginning with January 2002, are based on the North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 

covering goods-producing industries. Nonmanufactured goods are defined as NAICS 11 and 21, and 

manufactured goods are defined as NAICS 31-33. 

Export Price Indexes by Locality of Destination - Prices used in these indexes are a subset of the data 

collected for the export price indexes. The indexes are specific to a country, region, or grouping and are 

based on the North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) covering goods-producing 

industries. Nonmanufactured goods are defined as NAICS 11 and 21, and manufactured goods are 

defined as NAICS 31-33. 

Terms of Trade Indexes - Terms of trade indexes measure the relative price of exports in terms of 

import prices for a specific country, region, or grouping. The indexes are calculated as one country, 

region, or grouping’s all-export goods price index divided by the corresponding all-import goods price 

index on a scale of 100. 

 

Relative Importance - A relative importance is a specific index’s price-updated value share (expressed 

as a percentage) of overall imports or exports at a specific point in time. Relative importance values are 

affected by the trade weights at the point indexes are reweighted and index changes relative to other 

indexes since the reweight point. If an index is rising in value relative to other indexes over time, the 

relative importance will increase as well. 

Revision Policy - To reflect the availability of late reports and corrections by respondents, monthly data 

may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication. After 3 months, no further data 

revisions take place. For example, data first published in the January release will be subject to revision 

in the releases for February, March, and April. 

Rounding Policy - Index values are rounded to the tenth decimal place after being calculated. All 

percent changes are then derived from the rounded index values and subsequently rounded to the tenth 

decimal place. 

Uses of the Data - The primary use of the indexes is to deflate trade statistics, notably the foreign trade 

sector of the National Income and Product Accounts (NIPA) constructed by the Department of 

Commerce. Other published indexes are useful for general market analysis. For trade in international 

services, balance of payments indexes are used for deflating NIPA, while international indexes are more 

appropriate for market analysis. 

Email Subscription - The U.S. import and export price indexes news release is available through an 

email subscription service at www.bls.gov/bls/list.htm. 

 

Additional Information - More detailed data are available on the Import/Export Price Indexes home 

page at www.bls.gov/mxp. For import and export price indexes data requests, send an email to 

mxpinfo@bls.gov. 

Information from this release will be made available to sensory impaired individuals upon request. 

Voice phone: (202)-691-5200; Federal Relay Service: 1-(800)-877-8339.