U.S.IMPORT AND EXPORT PRICE INDEXES – FEBRUARY 2020

U.S. import prices declined 0.5 percent in February, the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today, after 

ticking up 0.1 percent in January. In February, falling import fuel prices more than offset higher prices for 

nonfuel imports. Prices for U.S. exports decreased 1.1 percent in February, after advancing 0.6 percent the 

previous month. 

Chart 1. One-month and 12-month percent changes in the Import Price Index: February 2019 – February 2020

Imports

Import prices declined 0.5 percent in February, after rising 0.1 percent in January and 0.2 percent in 

December. The decline in February was the largest decrease since the index fell 0.6 percent in August. 

Prices for U.S. imports decreased 1.2 percent from February 2019 to February 2020, as declining prices for 

both nonfuel and fuel imports contributed to the movement. (See table 1.)

Fuel Imports: Import fuel prices decreased 7.7 percent in February, the largest monthly decline since the 

index dropped 7.8 percent in June 2019. The February decrease was led by lower prices for petroleum, 

though falling prices for natural gas also contributed to the monthly decline. Petroleum prices fell 7.6 

percent in February following no change in January and a 0.5-percent advance in December. The price 

index for natural gas declined 12.4 percent in February, after decreasing 13.2 percent in January. Import fuel 

prices fell 5.8 percent over the past 12 months, driven by a 5.5-percent drop in petroleum prices and a 13.9-

percent decline in natural gas prices.

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Feb'19 Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb'20

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Transmission of material in this release is embargoed until

8:30 a.m. (EDT) Friday, March 13, 2020 

Technical information: (202) 691-7101 • MXPinfo@bls.gov • www.bls.gov/mxp

Media contact: (202) 691-5902 • PressOffice@bls.gov

USDL-20-0405
2

 

All Imports Excluding Fuel: The price index for nonfuel imports increased 0.3 percent in February, 

following rises of 0.2 percent and 0.1 percent in January and December, respectively. Higher prices for 

nonfuel industrial supplies and materials; foods, feeds, and beverages; and capital goods all contributed to 

the February advance. Despite the recent monthly increases, nonfuel import prices fell 0.7 percent over the 

12-month period ended in February and have not increased on an over-the-year basis since rising 0.6 percent 

in December 2018. 

Nonfuel Industrial Supplies and Materials: Import prices for nonfuel industrial supplies and materials rose 

1.1 percent in February following an advance of 0.2 percent the previous month. The February advance was 

primarily driven by a 3.6-percent rise in unfinished metals prices and a 1.8-percent advance in building 

materials prices.

 

Finished Goods: Finished goods prices were mostly unchanged in February. Capital goods prices ticked up 

0.1 percent for the second consecutive month in February. Prices for automotive vehicles and consumer 

goods were unchanged in February. 

Foods, Feeds, and Beverages: Foods, feeds, and beverages prices advanced 1.5 percent in February, after 

rising 0.4 percent in January. Increases in prices for fruit, distilled alcoholic beverages, and vegetables drove 

the monthly advance. 

Table A. Percent change in Import and Export Price Indexes, selected categories
3

Chart 2. One-month and 12-month percent change in the Export Price Index: February 2019 – February 2020 

Exports 

U.S. export prices decreased 1.1 percent in February, the largest monthly decline since the index fell 1.1 

percent in December 2015. In February, falling prices for both agricultural and nonagricultural exports 

contributed to the overall decrease. Prices for exports declined 1.3 percent on a 12-month basis in February, 

after rising 0.4 percent from January 2019 to January 2020. (See table 2.)

Agricultural Exports: The price index for agricultural exports declined 2.7 percent in February following 

an increase of 2.1 percent in January. Falling prices for vegetables, soybeans, and meat in February more 

than offset higher fruit prices. Prices for agricultural exports increased over the past 12 months, rising 0.2 

percent from February 2019 to February 2020. 

All Exports Excluding Agriculture: Nonagricultural export prices decreased 1.0 percent in February, after 

advancing 0.6 percent the previous month. In February, declining prices for nonagricultural industrial 

supplies and materials drove the decrease in nonagricultural export prices. The price index for 

nonagricultural exports declined 1.6 percent for the year ended in February. 

Nonagricultural Industrial Supplies and Materials: Prices for nonagricultural industrial supplies and 

materials declined 3.2 percent in February following a 0.8-percent increase the previous month. The 

February decrease was led by a 9.9-percent decline in fuel prices. Lower chemicals prices also contributed 

to the decline. 

Finished Goods: Prices for each of the major finished goods categories were up in February. The export 

price index for capital goods rose 0.3 percent, led by higher prices for both electrical generating equipment 

and nonelectrical machinery. Prices for automotive vehicles increased 0.2 percent in February, driven by a 

0.2-percent rise in automotive parts prices. In February, consumer goods prices increased 0.2 percent, the 

largest rise since the index advanced 0.3 percent in July. Higher prices for medicinal, dental, and 

pharmaceutical preparatory materials as well as home entertainment equipment drove the advance. 

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0.6

0.2

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0.4

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1.0

Feb'19 Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb'20

1-month percent change 12-month percent change
4

Measures of Import and Export Prices by Locality

Imports by Locality of Origin: The price index for imports from China declined 0.2 percent in February, 

after no change in January. The February decline was the largest drop since the index fell 0.3 percent in 

January 2019. Prices for imports from China declined 1.5 percent over the past year. Import prices from 

Japan recorded no change in February, after ticking up 0.1 percent in January. The price index for imports 

from Canada fell 2.8 percent in February, the largest decrease since the index declined 4.4 percent in June 

2019. The February drop was driven by lower fuel prices. Import prices from Canada fell 3.6 percent over 

the past 12 months, the largest over-the-year decline since the index decreased 9.1 percent for the year 

ended December 2018. In contrast, prices for imports from Mexico increased in February, ticking up 0.1 

percent for the month. Import prices from the European Union recorded no change in February after the 

index rose 0.3 percent in January. (See table 7.)

Exports by Locality of Destination: Prices for exports to China decreased 0.9 percent in February, after 

rising 0.2 percent in January. The February decline was the largest 1-month drop since the index decreased 

1.2 percent in August. An 8.2-percent decrease in prices for nonmanufacturing exports drove the February 

decline. The price index for exports to Japan fell 1.3 percent in February following no change in January 

and December. Prices for exports to Japan decreased 0.7 percent over the past 12 months. Export prices to

Canada and Mexico both declined in February, falling 1.6 percent and 2.3 percent, respectively. The price 

index for exports to the European Union fell 1.0 percent in February, the largest monthly decrease since the 

index was first published in December 2017. (See table 8.)

Terms of Trade Indexes: Terms of Trade indexes are based on country, region, or grouping and measure 

the change in the purchasing power of exports relative to imports. The index for U.S. terms of trade with 

China declined 0.7 percent in February, the largest monthly drop since falling 1.0 percent in August. In 

February, falling export prices to China more than offset lower import prices from China. The index for 

U.S. terms of trade with Japan decreased 1.2 percent in February, the largest decrease since the index fell 

1.4 percent in January 2019. The U.S. terms of trade with Canada advanced 1.2 percent and the U.S. terms 

of trade with Mexico decreased 2.4 percent in February. The U.S. terms of trade with the European Union 

decreased 1.0 percent in February, the largest monthly drop since the index was first published in December 

2017. (See table 9.)

Import and Export Services

Imports: Import air passenger fares rose 0.2 percent in February following an 8.7-percent decrease in 

January. The February advance was led by higher Latin American/Caribbean and European fares. Import air 

passenger fares decreased 7.4 percent for the year ended in February. Import air freight prices declined 1.3 

percent in February, after decreasing 2.3 percent in January. Despite the recent declines, prices for import 

air freight rose over the past year, advancing 0.3 percent. (See table 10.) 

Exports: The index for export air passenger fares fell 9.3 percent in February, the largest decline since 

decreasing 11.6 percent in February 2017. The February decline was driven by a 13.9-percent decrease in 

Asian fares and a 13.0-percent drop in Latin American/Caribbean fares. Export air passenger fares

decreased 2.6 percent over the past year. Prices for export air freight fell 1.4 percent in February, the largest 

1-month decline since the index decreased 1.4 percent in September. Despite the decline in February, export 

air freight prices rose 0.4 percent over the past 12 months. 

 

Import and Export Price Index data for March are scheduled for release on Tuesday, April 14, 2020 at 

8:30 a.m. (EDT).
Table 1. U.S. import price indexes and percent changes for selected categories of goods: February 2019 to

February 2020

[2000=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description End Use

Relative

importance

Jan.

20201

Index Percent change

Jan.

2020

Feb.

2020

Annual Monthly

Feb.

2019 to

Feb.

2020

Oct.

2019 to

Nov.

2019

Nov.

2019 to

Dec.

2019

Dec.

2019 to

Jan.

2020

Jan.

2020 to

Feb.

2020

All commodities................................... 100.000 125.0 124.4 -1.2 0.2 0.2 0.1 -0.5

All imports excluding food and fuels (Dec.

2010=100)........................................ 84.104 98.9 99.1 -0.8 -0.1 0.0 0.1 0.2

All imports excluding petroleum.............. 90.667 112.1 112.3 -0.8 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.2

All imports excluding fuels (Dec.

2001=100)........................................ 90.221 115.9 116.3 -0.7 -0.1 0.1 0.2 0.3

Foods, feeds, & beverages................... 0 6.117 178.3 181.0 0.8 -0.4 1.1 0.4 1.5

Agricultural foods, feeds & beverages,

excluding distilled beverages............. 00 4.721 193.0 195.9 -0.5 -0.5 1.4 0.0 1.5

Nonagricultural foods (fish, distilled

beverages).................................. 01 1.396 145.9 148.1 5.4 0.1 0.1 1.9 1.5

Industrial supplies & materials.............. 1 23.443 187.5 182.7 -2.7 0.9 0.5 -0.2 -2.6

Industrial supplies & materials excluding

petroleum.................................... 14.352 154.9 155.8 -1.1 1.4 0.6 -0.4 0.6

Industrial supplies & materials excluding

fuels (Dec. 2001=100)..................... 13.681 174.1 176.0 -0.6 0.0 0.0 0.2 1.1

Industrial supplies & materials, durable. . .. 8.595 167.6 170.5 2.0 0.2 -0.3 0.7 1.7

Industrial supplies & materials nondurable

excluding petroleum....................... 5.516 139.2 137.5 -5.8 3.0 1.9 -2.0 -1.2

Fuels & lubricants............................. 10 9.779 210.7 194.4 -5.8 2.2 1.1 -0.6 -7.7

Petroleum & petroleum products......... 100 9.333 226.4 209.2 -5.5 0.9 0.5 0.0 -7.6

Crude........................................ 10000 6.369 230.5 209.6 -8.8 1.8 0.9 -1.1 -9.1

Fuels, n.e.s.-coals & gas.................. 101 0.446 122.8 109.5 -14.1 35.1 11.9 -10.9 -10.8

Gas-natural.................................. 10110 0.385 112.4 98.5 -13.9 44.3 14.5 -13.2 -12.4

Paper & paper base stocks.................. 11 0.505 110.3 109.9 -12.2 -1.5 -0.8 -1.1 -0.4

Materials associated with nondurable

supplies & materials....................... 12 4.564 154.3 154.4 -4.0 -0.1 0.7 -0.7 0.1

Selected building materials.................. 13 1.496 142.8 145.3 0.0 -0.1 0.3 -0.3 1.8

Unfinished metals related to durable

goods........................................ 14 3.520 237.4 245.9 5.8 0.6 -1.1 2.2 3.6

Finished metals related to durable

goods........................................ 15 1.785 157.7 157.7 -0.9 0.0 0.4 0.1 0.0

Nonmetals related to durable goods. . . . . .. 16 1.794 113.1 112.8 -0.7 0.0 0.2 -0.5 -0.3

Capital goods................................... 2 28.325 87.5 87.6 -1.7 -0.3 0.0 0.1 0.1

Electric generating equipment............... 20 3.592 120.2 119.9 1.6 0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.2

Nonelectrical machinery...................... 21 22.392 79.5 79.6 -2.2 -0.3 0.1 0.1 0.1

Transportation equipment excluding motor

vehicles (Dec. 2001=100)................. 22 2.341 134.9 135.0 -0.7 -0.9 -0.4 -0.1 0.1

Automotive vehicles, parts & engines..... 3 15.556 110.2 110.2 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.5 0.0

Consumer goods, excluding

automotives.................................. 4 26.558 106.8 106.8 -0.6 -0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0

Nondurables, manufactured................. 40 13.071 123.8 123.9 0.3 0.0 0.2 -0.1 0.1

Durables, manufactured...................... 41 12.227 91.0 91.0 -1.1 -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0

Nonmanufactured consumer goods. . . . . . .. 42 1.260 116.6 116.6 -2.9 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0

1 Relative importance figures are based on 2018 trade values.

NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication.

Dash = Not available

5
Table 2. U.S. export price indexes and percent changes for selected categories of goods: February 2019 to

February 2020

[2000=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description End Use

Relative

importance

Jan.

20201

Index Percent change

Jan.

2020

Feb.

2020

Annual Monthly

Feb.

2019 to

Feb.

2020

Oct.

2019 to

Nov.

2019

Nov.

2019 to

Dec.

2019

Dec.

2019 to

Jan.

2020

Jan.

2020 to

Feb.

2020

All commodities................................... 100.000 125.8 124.4 -1.3 0.1 -0.2 0.6 -1.1

Agricultural commodities....................... 9.585 184.3 179.4 0.2 2.4 -0.1 2.1 -2.7

All exports excluding food and fuels (Dec.

2010=100)........................................ 79.555 101.4 101.7 0.1 0.0 -0.1 0.4 0.3

Nonagricultural commodities.................. 90.415 121.4 120.2 -1.6 -0.1 -0.2 0.6 -1.0

Foods, feeds, & beverages................... 0 8.903 188.8 183.4 0.9 2.2 -0.2 2.3 -2.9

Agricultural foods, feeds & beverages,

excluding distilled beverages............. 00 8.335 187.2 181.5 0.9 2.5 -0.1 2.4 -3.0

Nonagricultural foods (fish, distilled

beverages).................................. 01 0.568 221.4 220.6 0.1 -0.8 -0.7 2.0 -0.4

Industrial supplies & materials.............. 1 32.836 152.4 147.7 -5.2 -0.2 -0.5 0.9 -3.1

Industrial supplies & materials, durable. . .. 10.445 168.8 171.4 4.0 0.3 -0.2 1.3 1.5

Industrial supplies & materials,

nondurable.................................. 22.392 145.5 137.8 -9.3 -0.5 -0.6 0.7 -5.3

Agricultural industrial supplies &

materials..................................... 10 1.221 172.3 171.7 -4.2 1.4 0.2 0.6 -0.3

Nonagricultural industrial supplies &

materials..................................... 31.616 151.8 147.0 -5.2 -0.3 -0.4 0.8 -3.2

Fuels & lubricants............................. 11 11.542 174.9 157.5 -13.6 -0.6 -0.8 1.0 -9.9

Nonagricultural supplies & materials

excluding fuels & building materials. . . .. 12 19.169 156.8 158.0 -0.2 -0.1 -0.2 0.8 0.8

Selected building materials.................. 13 0.905 116.0 116.1 -5.2 -0.4 -0.8 -0.7 0.1

Capital goods................................... 2 36.229 111.0 111.3 0.5 -0.1 0.1 0.4 0.3

Electrical generating equipment............. 20 3.712 118.2 120.1 2.1 0.1 0.1 0.8 1.6

Nonelectrical machinery...................... 21 23.590 94.8 95.0 -0.1 -0.2 0.0 0.3 0.2

Transportation equipment excluding motor

vehicles (Dec. 2001=100)................. 22 8.928 183.5 183.6 1.8 0.1 0.1 0.3 0.1

Automotive vehicles, parts & engines..... 3 9.744 114.2 114.4 -0.3 0.0 -0.3 0.4 0.2

Consumer goods, excluding

automotives.................................. 4 12.287 110.3 110.5 0.5 0.1 -0.1 0.0 0.2

Nondurables, manufactured................. 40 5.924 108.3 108.4 1.1 0.2 0.0 0.1 0.1

Durables, manufactured...................... 41 4.903 107.0 107.2 0.2 0.0 -0.3 0.1 0.2

Nonmanufactured consumer goods (Dec.

2018=100)................................... 42 1.460 98.9 98.7 -1.3 -0.2 0.2 -0.1 -0.2

1 Relative importance figures are based on 2018 trade values.

NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication.

Dash = Not available

6
Table 3. U.S. import price indexes and percent changes for selected industries: February 2019 to February

2020

[December 2005=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description NAICS

Relative

importance

Jan.

20201

Index Percent change

Jan.

2020

Feb.

2020

Annual Monthly

Feb.

2019 to

Feb.

2020

Oct.

2019 to

Nov.

2019

Nov.

2019 to

Dec.

2019

Dec.

2019 to

Jan.

2020

Jan.

2020 to

Feb.

2020

Nonmanufacturing................................ 8.937 112.2 105.0 -6.8 2.0 1.8 -0.9 -6.4

Agriculture, forestry, fishing and

hunting........................................ 11 1.857 175.4 178.8 -2.8 -1.4 3.3 1.0 1.9

Crop production............................... 111 1.479 181.9 187.9 -5.1 -2.2 3.1 0.1 3.3

Mining............................................ 21 7.080 105.7 96.6 -8.1 2.8 1.5 -1.4 -8.6

Oil and gas extraction........................ 211 6.818 105.2 95.6 -9.0 2.9 1.4 -1.5 -9.1

Manufacturing..................................... 90.763 110.8 110.9 -0.5 -0.2 0.1 0.2 0.1

Manufacturing, part 1......................... 31 11.297 125.4 125.8 0.6 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.3

Food manufacturing.......................... 311 3.515 155.2 155.7 0.6 0.3 0.4 0.1 0.3

Beverage and tobacco product

manufacturing............................... 312 1.140 125.9 128.9 5.5 0.2 0.0 0.2 2.4

Textile mills (Dec. 2011=100)............... 313 0.368 98.9 98.8 -1.4 -0.5 0.0 -0.4 -0.1

Textile product mills.......................... 314 0.926 106.6 106.6 -2.2 -0.3 -0.2 -0.6 0.0

Apparel manufacturing....................... 315 3.714 112.6 112.5 0.4 0.0 0.2 0.0 -0.1

Leather and allied product

manufacturing............................... 316 1.633 124.1 124.5 0.5 0.3 -0.1 0.3 0.3

Manufacturing, part 2......................... 32 18.291 125.0 124.4 -1.3 -0.4 -0.1 0.0 -0.5

Wood product manufacturing (Dec.

2019=100)................................... 321 0.787 99.6 103.2 – – – -0.4 3.6

Paper manufacturing......................... 322 0.988 107.6 107.4 -7.8 -0.8 -0.4 -0.5 -0.2

Petroleum and coal products

manufacturing............................... 324 2.712 101.5 97.0 2.6 -1.8 -1.3 2.7 -4.4

Chemical manufacturing..................... 325 10.181 137.8 137.9 -1.8 -0.1 0.3 -0.4 0.1

Plastics and rubber products

manufacturing............................... 326 2.368 119.2 118.9 -0.4 0.1 -0.1 -0.1 -0.3

Nonmetallic mineral product

manufacturing............................... 327 1.076 131.6 131.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 -0.3

Manufacturing, part 3......................... 33 61.174 103.4 103.7 -0.6 -0.1 0.0 0.3 0.3

Primary metal manufacturing................ 331 4.047 157.4 162.4 4.0 0.6 -0.9 2.0 3.2

Fabricated metal product manufacturing... 332 3.203 126.2 126.4 0.0 -0.2 0.3 -0.4 0.2

Machinery manufacturing.................... 333 7.690 119.3 119.4 0.5 0.1 -0.1 0.5 0.1

Computer and electronic product

manufacturing............................... 334 16.912 71.7 71.7 -3.1 -0.4 0.0 0.0 0.0

Electrical equipment, appliance, and

component manufacturing................. 335 5.443 117.2 116.8 0.2 -0.4 0.3 -0.1 -0.3

Transportation equipment manufacturing... 336 16.587 109.4 109.4 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.5 0.0

Furniture and related product

manufacturing............................... 337 1.890 115.5 115.6 -1.6 -0.3 -0.2 0.1 0.1

Miscellaneous manufacturing............... 339 5.402 118.8 119.3 0.2 0.3 0.3 -0.3 0.4

1 Relative importance figures are based on 2018 trade values.

NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication.

Dash = Not available

7
Table 4. U.S. export price indexes and percent changes for selected industries: February 2019 to February

2020

[December 2005=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description NAICS

Relative

importance

Jan.

20201

Index Percent change

Jan.

2020

Feb.

2020

Annual Monthly

Feb.

2019 to

Feb.

2020

Oct.

2019 to

Nov.

2019

Nov.

2019 to

Dec.

2019

Dec.

2019 to

Jan.

2020

Jan.

2020 to

Feb.

2020

Nonmanufacturing................................ 10.101 128.8 120.9 -11.0 0.9 -0.4 0.2 -6.1

Agriculture, forestry, fishing and

hunting........................................ 11 4.802 157.1 151.3 -1.2 3.2 -1.2 3.5 -3.7

Crop production............................... 111 4.553 164.8 158.3 -1.2 3.3 -1.2 3.8 -3.9

Mining............................................ 21 5.298 76.9 70.5 -20.1 -1.6 0.6 -2.7 -8.3

Mining (except oil and gas).................. 212 1.190 97.3 97.0 -18.6 -3.5 -1.9 -4.7 -0.3

Manufacturing..................................... 88.680 116.9 116.2 -0.3 0.0 -0.2 0.7 -0.6

Manufacturing, part 1......................... 31 6.798 143.2 141.8 1.1 0.9 0.6 1.1 -1.0

Food manufacturing.......................... 311 4.698 162.8 160.3 2.2 1.3 0.9 1.1 -1.5

Beverage and tobacco product

manufacturing............................... 312 0.635 122.5 122.8 -2.2 0.0 -0.2 1.0 0.2

Manufacturing, part 2......................... 32 24.502 113.7 110.3 -3.8 -0.1 -0.7 1.1 -3.0

Wood product manufacturing (Dec.

2017=100)................................... 321 0.449 92.7 92.6 -10.3 -0.7 -0.4 -1.1 -0.1

Paper manufacturing......................... 322 1.476 118.1 117.3 -10.1 -0.1 -0.3 -1.2 -0.7

Petroleum and coal products

manufacturing............................... 324 6.172 110.0 97.3 -7.9 0.3 -1.9 4.5 -11.5

Chemical manufacturing..................... 325 13.100 117.1 117.0 -1.9 -0.3 -0.3 0.1 -0.1

Plastics and rubber products

manufacturing............................... 326 2.287 116.8 117.1 0.5 0.0 -0.3 -0.1 0.3

Nonmetallic mineral product

manufacturing............................... 327 0.818 117.1 117.3 0.7 -0.2 -0.5 0.1 0.2

Manufacturing, part 3......................... 33 57.380 115.6 116.1 1.0 -0.1 0.0 0.4 0.4

Primary metal manufacturing................ 331 4.149 156.2 160.6 9.5 0.2 -0.2 2.4 2.8

Fabricated metal product manufacturing... 332 3.051 150.3 150.7 3.6 -0.1 0.1 0.8 0.3

Machinery manufacturing.................... 333 9.735 130.6 130.8 0.9 -0.4 -0.2 0.6 0.2

Computer and electronic product

manufacturing............................... 334 13.581 81.8 82.3 -0.6 0.1 -0.1 0.4 0.6

Electrical equipment, appliance, and

component manufacturing................. 335 3.741 117.6 117.9 -0.1 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.3

Transportation equipment manufacturing... 336 17.418 129.3 129.4 0.8 0.0 0.1 0.3 0.1

Furniture and related product

manufacturing (Dec. 2011=100).......... 337 0.389 122.5 122.5 1.4 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Miscellaneous manufacturing............... 339 5.316 119.9 119.9 -0.2 -0.1 -0.3 0.0 0.0

1 Relative importance figures are based on 2018 trade values.

NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication.

Dash = Not available

8
Table 5. U.S. import price indexes and percent changes for selected categories of goods: February 2019 to

February 2020

[2000=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description

Harmonized

system

Relative

importance

Jan.

20201

Index Percent change

Jan.

2020

Feb.

2020

Annual Monthly

Feb.

2019 to

Feb.

2020

Oct.

2019 to

Nov.

2019

Nov.

2019 to

Dec.

2019

Dec.

2019 to

Jan.

2020

Jan.

2020 to

Feb.

2020

Live animals; animal products................. I 1.392 200.8 199.3 3.1 1.0 1.5 0.8 -0.7

Meat and edible meat offal..................... 02 0.378 268.4 269.8 6.7 3.3 2.8 -3.6 0.5

Fish and crustaceans, molluscs and other

aquatic invertebrates......................... 03 0.748 144.2 141.9 2.5 0.2 1.2 3.4 -1.6

Vegetable products............................... II 1.821 201.1 208.2 -4.3 -2.3 2.7 0.2 3.5

Edible vegetables, roots, and tubers.......... 07 0.478 489.2 505.8 -2.6 -1.3 5.6 -1.4 3.4

Edible fruit and nuts; peel of citrus fruit or

melons.......................................... 08 0.616 101.3 108.3 -9.7 -7.0 2.1 1.5 6.9

Coffee, tea, mate and spices.................. 09 0.335 207.1 214.6 6.5 2.6 2.6 -1.8 3.6

Animal or vegetable fats and oils (Dec.

2009=100)........................................ III 0.254 89.6 88.6 -3.0 1.1 0.1 4.3 -1.1

Prepared foodstuffs, beverages, and

tobacco........................................... IV 2.967 168.1 169.8 2.7 0.2 0.3 0.1 1.0

Cocoa and cocoa preparations (Dec.

2009=100)..................................... 18 0.205 101.5 102.9 7.3 0.4 2.7 0.1 1.4

Preparations of vegetables, fruit, nuts, or

other parts of plants.......................... 20 0.368 171.7 171.3 -1.2 0.0 0.1 -0.1 -0.2

Beverages, spirits, and vinegar................ 22 1.090 136.4 140.0 5.7 0.2 0.1 0.3 2.6

Mineral products.................................. V 9.825 211.3 196.1 -5.2 2.2 1.0 -0.5 -7.2

Mineral fuels, oils and residuals, bituminous

substances and mineral waxes............. 27 9.488 208.1 191.9 -6.1 2.3 1.1 -0.7 -7.8

Products of the chemical or allied

industries........................................ VI 9.575 156.3 156.7 -0.9 -0.1 0.4 -0.4 0.3

Inorganic chemicals............................. 28 0.502 299.1 300.4 -9.5 3.4 3.5 -2.4 0.4

Organic chemicals............................... 29 2.134 125.6 126.5 -0.9 -0.7 0.3 -0.1 0.7

Pharmaceutical products....................... 30 4.896 154.3 154.2 0.8 -0.1 -0.1 0.0 -0.1

Essential oils and resinoids (Dec.

2016=100)..................................... 33 0.625 104.2 104.2 1.5 0.1 -0.1 1.0 0.0

Miscellaneous chemical products............. 38 0.590 101.3 101.5 -3.8 -0.1 0.3 -1.1 0.2

Plastics and articles thereof; rubber and

articles thereof.................................. VII 3.636 139.9 139.4 -0.7 -0.2 -0.1 0.0 -0.4

Plastics and articles thereof.................... 39 2.443 142.3 141.7 -1.6 -0.2 -0.1 -0.1 -0.4

Rubber and articles thereof.................... 40 1.192 137.2 137.0 1.2 -0.1 -0.1 0.1 -0.1

Raw hides, skins, leather, furskins, travel

goods, etc....................................... VIII 0.614 124.1 125.2 -0.1 -0.1 -0.2 0.2 0.9

Articles of leather; travel goods, bags, etc.

of various materials........................... 42 0.588 130.8 132.0 0.2 0.0 -0.2 0.2 0.9

Wood, wood charcoal, cork, straw,

basketware and wickerwork................. IX 0.811 144.2 149.5 -0.3 -0.8 0.5 -0.4 3.7

Wood and articles of wood; wood charcoal

(Dec. 2019=100).............................. 44 0.787 99.5 103.2 – – – -0.5 3.7

Woodpulp, recovered paper, and paper

products......................................... X 1.013 112.4 112.2 -8.8 -0.9 -0.3 -1.7 -0.2

Paper and paperboard; articles of paper

pulp, paper or paperboard................... 48 0.711 108.0 108.0 -3.7 -0.5 0.3 -0.6 0.0

Textile and textile articles....................... XI 4.818 114.2 114.0 -0.5 -0.1 0.1 -0.1 -0.2

Articles of apparel and clothing accessories,

knitted or crocheted.......................... 61 1.963 105.5 105.3 0.5 0.1 0.4 -0.2 -0.2

Articles of apparel and clothing accessories,

not knitted or crocheted...................... 62 1.605 121.0 120.8 0.3 -0.2 0.0 0.4 -0.2

Made-up or worn textile articles............... 63 0.629 100.4 100.3 -3.5 -0.3 -0.1 -1.0 -0.1

See footnotes at end of table.

9
Table 5. U.S. import price indexes and percent changes for selected categories of goods: February 2019 to

February 2020 — Continued

[2000=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description

Harmonized

system

Relative

importance

Jan.

20201

Index Percent change

Jan.

2020

Feb.

2020

Annual Monthly

Feb.

2019 to

Feb.

2020

Oct.

2019 to

Nov.

2019

Nov.

2019 to

Dec.

2019

Dec.

2019 to

Jan.

2020

Jan.

2020 to

Feb.

2020

Headgear, umbrellas, artificial flowers,

etc................................................. XII 1.374 124.4 124.5 1.2 0.4 0.7 0.2 0.1

Footwear and parts of such articles........... 64 1.150 122.7 122.9 0.7 0.6 0.0 0.3 0.2

Stone, plaster, cement, asbestos,

ceramics, glass etc............................ XIII 0.967 132.5 132.1 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.0 -0.3

Pearls, stones, precious metals, imitation

jewelry, and coins.............................. XIV 2.899 198.1 209.3 17.5 0.9 0.1 2.9 5.7

Base metals and articles of base metals. . .. XV 5.474 169.5 168.5 -4.9 -0.3 -0.5 0.2 -0.6

Iron and steel.................................... 72 1.104 199.3 201.8 -7.9 -2.1 -0.7 -0.1 1.3

Articles of iron or steel.......................... 73 1.676 146.9 146.7 -2.6 -0.5 0.5 -0.4 -0.1

Copper and articles thereof.................... 74 0.430 277.3 264.5 -8.4 2.7 0.3 2.4 -4.6

Aluminum and articles thereof................. 76 0.903 127.6 125.9 -5.6 1.5 -0.3 0.3 -1.3

Tools, implements, cutlery, spoons and

forks, of base metal; parts thereof.......... 82 0.459 122.7 123.0 -0.7 -0.6 -0.2 0.0 0.2

Miscellaneous articles of base metal. . . . . . . .. 83 0.531 134.6 134.5 -2.1 -0.1 -0.1 -0.3 -0.1

Machinery, electrical equipment, TV image

and sound recorders, parts, etc............. XVI 30.251 78.7 78.6 -1.6 -0.3 -0.1 0.1 -0.1

Machinery and mechanical appliances;

parts thereof................................... 84 15.310 83.9 84.0 -2.9 -0.6 0.0 -0.2 0.1

Electrical machinery and equip, sound and

TV recorders & reproducers, parts......... 85 14.942 73.6 73.5 -0.4 0.0 0.0 0.1 -0.1

Vehicles, aircraft, vessels and associated

transport equipment........................... XVII 13.743 114.1 114.1 0.3 0.0 0.1 0.7 0.0

Motor vehicles and their parts................. 87 12.627 113.2 113.2 0.3 0.0 0.2 0.6 0.0

Optical, photo, measuring, medical &

musical instruments; & timepieces. . . . . . .. XVIII 4.059 101.8 102.0 -0.2 0.1 0.3 -0.1 0.2

Optical, photographic, measuring and

medical instruments.......................... 90 3.788 97.9 98.1 -0.6 0.1 0.3 -0.5 0.2

Miscellaneous manufactured articles......... XX 4.433 111.3 111.4 -1.2 0.0 0.1 -0.2 0.1

Furniture & stuffed furnishings; lamps &

lighting fittings, nesoi; prefab bldgs......... 94 2.789 117.0 117.1 -1.3 -0.3 0.1 -0.1 0.1

Toys, games and sports equipment; parts

and accessories thereof...................... 95 1.376 102.1 102.2 -0.4 0.7 0.0 -0.2 0.1

Miscellaneous manufactured articles. . . . . . . .. 96 0.268 127.2 127.2 -1.9 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0

1 Relative importance figures are based on 2018 trade values.

NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication.

Dash = Not available

10
Table 6. U.S. export price indexes and percent changes for selected categories of goods: February 2019 to

February 2020

[2000=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description

Harmonized

system

Relative

importance

Jan.

20201

Index Percent change

Jan.

2020

Feb.

2020

Annual Monthly

Feb.

2019 to

Feb.

2020

Oct.

2019 to

Nov.

2019

Nov.

2019 to

Dec.

2019

Dec.

2019 to

Jan.

2020

Jan.

2020 to

Feb.

2020

Live animals; animal products................. I 1.974 217.6 213.8 2.2 1.5 0.3 0.7 -1.7

Meat & edible meat offal (Dec. 2006=100)... 02 1.171 167.9 163.9 1.5 3.2 1.0 0.2 -2.4

Fish and crustaceans, mollusks and aquatic

invertebrates (Dec. 2016=100).............. 03 0.357 122.0 120.5 -1.0 -1.3 -0.9 2.2 -1.2

Vegetable products............................... II 4.410 204.0 194.9 -0.9 3.3 -1.2 3.7 -4.5

Edible fruit and nuts; peel of citrus fruit or

melons.......................................... 08 0.952 137.1 137.7 -2.7 3.1 1.5 -5.4 0.4

Cereals............................................ 10 1.428 200.8 200.3 1.3 2.5 -0.4 3.5 -0.2

Oilseeds and misc. grains, seeds, fruits,

plants, straw and fodder..................... 12 1.488 199.0 188.3 -1.5 2.9 -2.8 4.6 -5.4

Prepared foodstuffs, beverages, and

tobacco........................................... IV 3.085 157.3 155.4 1.5 0.6 0.5 0.7 -1.2

Preparations of vegetables, fruit, nuts or

other parts of plants (Dec. 2019=100). . . .. 20 0.330 99.9 99.8 – – – -0.1 -0.1

Miscellaneous edible preparations (Dec.

2017=100)..................................... 21 0.586 100.4 100.7 4.8 0.6 0.2 0.0 0.3

Beverages, spirits, and vinegar (Dec.

2008=100)..................................... 22 0.554 106.7 106.8 1.0 -1.7 -1.1 -4.4 0.1

Residues and waste from the food

industries; prepared animal feed............ 23 0.774 236.7 225.1 -0.1 3.5 3.1 6.6 -4.9

Mineral products.................................. V 11.451 210.5 189.5 -13.5 -0.5 -0.9 1.1 -10.0

Ores, slag and ash (Dec. 2012=100)......... 26 0.382 91.7 91.2 -7.3 0.7 -4.7 -2.8 -0.5

Mineral fuels, oils and residuals, bituminous

substances and mineral waxes............. 27 10.874 202.3 181.1 -14.0 -0.6 -0.7 1.3 -10.5

Products of the chemical or allied

industries........................................ VI 10.841 137.6 137.2 -1.7 -0.2 -0.1 0.2 -0.3

Inorganic chemicals............................. 28 0.744 147.7 140.6 -6.5 -0.7 -0.4 0.9 -4.8

Organic chemicals............................... 29 2.448 138.3 138.4 -6.7 -0.7 0.0 0.0 0.1

Pharmaceutical products....................... 30 3.134 108.0 108.4 2.7 0.3 0.0 0.3 0.4

Tanning or dyeing extracts, dyes, paints

varnish, putty, & inks (Dec. 2015=100). . .. 32 0.529 104.9 105.0 2.4 -0.1 -0.7 -0.1 0.1

Essential oils and resinoids; perfumery

cosmetic or toilet preparations.............. 33 0.860 128.8 128.2 -3.9 -0.2 0.1 -1.2 -0.5

Soap; lubricants; waxes, polishing or

scouring products; candles, pastes......... 34 0.487 125.2 125.4 2.1 0.1 -0.1 0.2 0.2

Miscellaneous chemical products............. 38 2.013 158.8 158.7 1.4 0.1 0.0 1.7 -0.1

Plastics and articles thereof; rubber and

articles thereof.................................. VII 5.072 141.2 142.0 -1.2 0.0 -0.1 0.1 0.6

Plastics and articles thereof.................... 39 4.195 138.2 139.0 -1.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.6

Rubber and articles thereof.................... 40 0.877 152.6 153.1 -2.0 -0.3 -0.7 0.4 0.3

Wood, wood charcoal, cork, straw, baskets

and wickerwork (Dec. 2014=100)............ IX 0.545 90.6 90.5 -9.6 -0.6 -1.2 -0.5 -0.1

Woodpulp, recovered paper, and paper

products......................................... X 1.709 117.3 117.4 -9.4 -0.4 0.0 -1.1 0.1

Woodpulp and recovered paper (Dec.

2019=100)..................................... 47 0.399 95.9 99.0 – – – -4.1 3.2

Paper and paperboard; articles of paper

pulp, paper or paperboard................... 48 1.022 124.0 122.6 -4.4 0.2 -0.2 -0.2 -1.1

Textile and textile articles....................... XI 1.695 121.5 121.0 -2.0 0.8 0.1 1.9 -0.4

Cotton, including yarns and woven fabrics

thereof.......................................... 52 0.490 121.3 119.4 -5.5 3.2 0.3 3.9 -1.6

Stone, plaster, cement, asbestos,

ceramics, glass etc............................ XIII 0.799 127.0 127.0 0.9 -0.1 -0.2 0.0 0.0

See footnotes at end of table.

11
Table 6. U.S. export price indexes and percent changes for selected categories of goods: February 2019 to

February 2020 — Continued

[2000=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description

Harmonized

system

Relative

importance

Jan.

20201

Index Percent change

Jan.

2020

Feb.

2020

Annual Monthly

Feb.

2019 to

Feb.

2020

Oct.

2019 to

Nov.

2019

Nov.

2019 to

Dec.

2019

Dec.

2019 to

Jan.

2020

Jan.

2020 to

Feb.

2020

Glass and glassware (Dec. 2019=100)....... 70 0.389 100.0 100.0 – – – 0.0 0.0

Pearls, stones, precious metals, imitation

jewelry, and coins.............................. XIV 4.603 266.1 276.2 13.4 0.2 -0.4 1.9 3.8

Base metals and articles of base metals. . .. XV 4.602 157.8 156.2 -2.3 0.8 0.3 1.5 -1.0

Copper and articles thereof.................... 74 0.507 182.0 172.8 -6.4 2.2 0.4 4.1 -5.1

Aluminum and articles thereof................. 76 0.680 99.3 101.0 -3.7 -0.1 -0.2 1.0 1.7

Miscellaneous articles of base metal. . . . . . . .. 83 0.337 156.1 156.1 2.0 -0.1 -0.2 1.8 0.0

Machinery, electrical equipment, TV image

and sound recorders, parts, etc............. XVI 28.103 97.6 97.8 -0.3 -0.1 0.0 0.3 0.2

Machinery and mechanical appliances;

parts thereof................................... 84 16.787 115.7 115.7 -0.6 -0.2 -0.3 0.3 0.0

Electrical machinery and equipment and

parts and accessories thereof............... 85 11.316 78.2 78.6 0.3 0.1 0.1 0.4 0.5

Vehicles, aircraft, vessels and associated

transport equipment........................... XVII 13.235 137.6 138.0 1.1 0.0 0.1 0.4 0.3

Motor vehicles and their parts................. 87 7.975 116.6 116.9 0.4 0.0 0.0 0.4 0.3

Optical, photo, measuring, medical &

musical instruments; & timepieces. . . . . . .. XVIII 5.993 110.6 111.0 1.7 -0.3 -0.2 0.3 0.4

Miscellaneous manufactured articles......... XX 1.321 112.4 112.4 -0.4 -0.1 0.2 -0.4 0.0

Furniture; stuffed furnishings; lamps and

lighting fittings nesoi;......................... 94 0.737 131.2 131.1 0.7 0.0 -0.1 0.5 -0.1

Toys, games and sports equipment; parts

and accessories thereof...................... 95 0.430 87.1 87.1 -1.5 -0.1 0.6 -1.9 0.0

1 Relative importance figures are based on 2018 trade values.

NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication.

Dash = Not available

12
Table 7. U.S. import price indexes and percent changes by locality of origin: February 2019 to February 2020

[2000=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description

Relative

importance

Jan.

20201

Index Percent change

Jan.

2020

Feb.

2020

Annual Monthly

Feb.

2019 to

Feb.

2020

Oct.

2019 to

Nov.

2019

Nov.

2019 to

Dec.

2019

Dec.

2019 to

Jan.

2020

Jan.

2020 to

Feb.

2020

Industrialized Countries2

.................... 100.000 126.9 125.9 -0.3 0.5 0.0 0.0 -0.8

Nonmanufacturing........................... 11.018 181.1 166.3 -8.6 2.5 -1.3 -0.1 -8.2

Manufacturing................................ 88.491 121.8 121.9 0.7 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1

Canada.......................................... 100.000 138.3 134.4 -3.6 0.9 -0.6 0.2 -2.8

Nonmanufacturing........................... 31.143 176.9 161.9 -8.9 2.6 -1.5 -0.1 -8.5

Manufacturing................................ 68.036 129.7 129.4 -1.1 0.4 -0.4 0.2 -0.2

European Union............................... 100.000 137.4 137.4 0.3 0.1 0.1 0.3 0.0

Manufacturing................................ 98.552 133.7 133.7 0.2 0.2 0.0 0.3 0.0

France (Dec. 2003=100)...................... 100.000 128.0 127.2 -0.2 0.2 -0.2 0.5 -0.6

Germany (Dec. 2003=100)................... 100.000 113.3 113.7 1.2 0.0 0.5 0.2 0.4

United Kingdom (Dec. 2003=100).......... 100.000 122.7 123.4 2.4 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.6

Latin America3

................................. 100.000 145.1 144.4 -2.4 -0.6 0.3 0.1 -0.5

Nonmanufacturing........................... 15.241 257.6 244.5 -4.6 -0.8 4.3 0.2 -5.1

Manufacturing................................ 84.472 118.2 118.6 -2.1 -0.6 -0.4 0.1 0.3

Mexico (Dec. 2003=100)...................... 100.000 125.9 126.0 -1.2 -1.0 0.3 0.0 0.1

Nonmanufacturing (Dec. 2008=100). . . . .. 8.121 133.9 130.1 -3.1 -6.5 5.3 1.2 -2.8

Manufacturing (Dec. 2008=100)........... 91.588 86.7 86.9 -1.0 -0.6 0.0 -0.1 0.2

Pacific Rim (Dec. 2003=100)4............... 100.000 97.6 97.5 -1.2 -0.1 0.1 0.0 -0.1

China (Dec. 2003=100)....................... 100.000 98.1 97.9 -1.5 -0.2 0.1 0.0 -0.2

Japan............................................ 100.000 96.9 96.9 0.3 0.0 -0.1 0.1 0.0

Taiwan (Dec. 2018=100)...................... 100.000 98.7 98.8 -0.6 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1

Asian NICs5

..................................... 100.000 86.2 85.8 -2.8 -0.1 -0.2 -0.3 -0.5

ASEAN (Dec. 2003=100)6

.................... 100.000 97.3 97.1 -0.1 -0.1 0.2 0.1 -0.2

Asia Near East (Dec. 2003=100)7

........... 100.000 176.6 168.4 -2.8 3.7 -0.3 -1.0 -4.6

1 Relative importance figures are based on 2018 trade values.

2 Western Europe, Canada, Japan, Australia, New Zealand, and South Africa.

3 Mexico, Central America, South America, and the Caribbean.

4 China, Japan, Australia, Brunei, Indonesia, Macao, Malaysia, New Zealand, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, and the Asian Newly Industrialized

Countries.

5 Asian Newly Industrialized Countries - Hong Kong, Singapore, South Korea, and Taiwan.

6 Association of Southeast Asian Nations - Brunei, Cambodia, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, Philippines, Singapore, Thailand, and Vietnam.

7 Bahrain, Iran, Iraq, Israel, Jordan, Kuwait, Lebanon, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Syria, United Arab Emirates, and Yemen.

NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication.

Regions are not mutually exclusive.

Dash = Not available

13
Table 8. U.S. export price indexes and percent changes by locality of destination: February 2019 to February

2020

[December 2017=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description

Relative

importance

Jan.

20201

Index Percent change

Jan.

2020

Feb.

2020

Annual Monthly

Feb.

2019 to

Feb.

2020

Oct.

2019 to

Nov.

2019

Nov.

2019 to

Dec.

2019

Dec.

2019 to

Jan.

2020

Jan.

2020 to

Feb.

2020

Industrialized Countries2

.................... 100.000 103.6 102.4 -0.6 0.2 -0.1 0.6 -1.2

Nonmanufacturing........................... 10.410 105.6 95.8 -14.2 1.1 -0.2 0.3 -9.3

Manufacturing................................ 88.339 103.6 103.4 0.8 0.1 -0.1 0.6 -0.2

Canada.......................................... 100.000 105.2 103.5 -0.9 0.7 -0.1 0.5 -1.6

European Union............................... 100.000 105.1 104.1 -0.2 -0.2 0.0 0.6 -1.0

Nonmanufacturing........................... 9.507 99.8 91.9 -14.5 -1.4 1.3 -1.3 -7.9

Manufacturing................................ 89.054 105.6 105.2 1.0 -0.1 -0.1 0.8 -0.4

Germany........................................ 100.000 105.6 103.1 1.1 0.1 0.2 1.0 -2.4

Latin America3

................................. 100.000 101.6 98.5 -2.9 0.2 -0.5 1.6 -3.1

Nonmanufacturing........................... 7.399 105.7 101.2 -5.4 1.2 -1.6 1.8 -4.3

Manufacturing................................ 92.125 101.3 98.3 -2.7 0.0 -0.3 1.5 -3.0

Mexico........................................... 100.000 100.9 98.6 -2.2 0.4 -0.4 1.1 -2.3

Nonmanufacturing........................... 5.729 98.1 94.2 -7.6 2.2 -3.6 1.8 -4.0

Manufacturing................................ 93.701 101.1 98.8 -1.9 0.3 -0.3 1.2 -2.3

Pacific Rim4

.................................... 100.000 99.5 98.3 -2.0 -0.6 -0.2 0.3 -1.2

Nonmanufacturing........................... 14.915 96.8 90.4 -7.5 -3.7 -0.5 1.3 -6.6

Manufacturing................................ 83.487 100.5 100.3 -0.8 -0.2 -0.1 0.0 -0.2

China............................................ 100.000 97.5 96.6 -2.0 0.1 0.0 0.2 -0.9

Nonmanufacturing........................... 13.304 94.9 87.1 -9.2 1.2 0.1 -0.1 -8.2

Manufacturing................................ 84.718 99.9 100.2 0.0 -0.1 -0.1 0.1 0.3

Japan............................................ 100.000 100.5 99.2 -0.7 -0.4 0.0 0.0 -1.3

Nonmanufacturing........................... 20.666 98.0 91.9 -9.8 -1.3 1.1 -0.7 -6.2

Manufacturing................................ 77.720 100.3 100.0 0.8 -0.4 -0.2 0.0 -0.3

1 Relative importance figures are based on 2018 trade values.

2 Western Europe, Canada, Japan, Australia, New Zealand, and South Africa.

3 Mexico, Central America, South America, and the Caribbean.

4 China, Japan, Australia, Brunei, Indonesia, Macao, Malaysia, New Zealand, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, and the Asian Newly Industrialized

Countries.

NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication.

Regions are not mutually exclusive.

Dash = Not available

14
Table 9. U.S. terms of trade indexes and percent changes by locality: February 2019 to February 20201

[December 2017=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description

Index Percent change

Jan.

2020

Feb.

2020

Annual Monthly

Feb.

2019 to

Feb.

2020

Oct.

2019 to

Nov.

2019

Nov.

2019 to

Dec.

2019

Dec.

2019 to

Jan.

2020

Jan.

2020 to

Feb.

2020

Industrialized Countries2

............................ 99.9 99.6 -0.2 -0.3 -0.1 0.6 -0.3

Canada.................................................. 100.0 101.2 2.8 -0.3 0.6 0.3 1.2

European Union...................................... 103.0 102.0 -0.5 -0.4 0.0 0.3 -1.0

Germany................................................ 107.3 104.4 -0.1 0.1 -0.4 0.8 -2.7

Latin America3

........................................ 104.3 101.6 -0.5 0.8 -0.8 1.5 -2.6

Mexico.................................................. 103.4 100.9 -1.1 1.5 -0.7 1.1 -2.4

Pacific Rim4............................................ 100.3 99.2 -0.8 -0.5 -0.3 0.3 -1.1

China.................................................... 99.5 98.8 -0.5 0.3 -0.1 0.2 -0.7

Japan.................................................... 99.0 97.8 -1.0 -0.4 0.2 -0.2 -1.2

1 Terms of trade indexes are derived by dividing the export price index by the corresponding import price index and multiplying by 100.

2 Western Europe, Canada, Japan, Australia, New Zealand, and South Africa.

3 Mexico, Central America, South America, and the Caribbean.

4 China, Japan, Australia, Brunei, Indonesia, Macao, Malaysia, New Zealand, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, and the Asian Newly Industrialized

Countries.

NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication.

Regions are not mutually exclusive.

Dash = Not available

15
Table 10. U.S. international price indexes and percent changes for selected transportation services: February

2019 to February 2020

[2000=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description

Relative

importance

Jan.

20201

Index Percent change

Jan.

2020

Feb.

2020

Annual Monthly

Feb.

2019 to

Feb.

2020

Oct.

2019 to

Nov.

2019

Nov.

2019 to

Dec.

2019

Dec.

2019 to

Jan.

2020

Jan.

2020 to

Feb.

2020

Air Freight

Import Air Freight.................................... 100.000 178.1 175.7 0.3 2.2 1.8 -2.3 -1.3

Europe (Dec. 2003=100).......................... 27.111 144.1 144.4 -3.3 -1.2 -0.1 0.6 0.2

Asia.................................................. 58.645 167.3 163.4 1.6 4.0 2.8 -4.4 -2.3

Export Air Freight................................... 100.000 168.3 166.0 0.4 -0.2 0.8 2.7 -1.4

Europe (Dec. 2006=100).......................... 31.774 157.1 155.3 3.4 0.6 0.7 3.1 -1.1

Inbound Air Freight................................. 100.000 164.3 162.5 -2.3 1.3 1.2 -0.9 -1.1

Europe (Dec. 2003=100).......................... 28.522 132.8 132.6 -4.0 -1.0 -0.1 1.3 -0.2

Asia.................................................. 57.197 151.5 148.9 -2.1 2.6 1.9 -2.6 -1.7

Outbound Air Freight............................... 100.000 149.9 190.6 31.9 2.2 0.9 1.6 27.2

Europe (Dec. 2003=100).......................... 32.704 162.3 161.3 7.0 1.0 1.3 2.3 -0.6

Asia.................................................. 46.073 143.0 227.3 61.8 4.3 1.0 1.3 59.0

Air Passenger Fares

Import Air Passenger Fares....................... 100.000 171.9 172.3 -7.4 2.7 5.7 -8.7 0.2

Europe............................................... 47.271 207.1 208.3 -7.5 8.0 -1.4 0.8 0.6

Asia.................................................. 22.045 130.7 121.3 -3.3 0.1 19.3 -14.7 -7.2

Latin America/Caribbean.......................... 7.922 149.7 162.7 4.7 4.0 16.1 -19.2 8.7

Export Air Passenger Fares....................... 100.000 157.8 143.1 -2.6 3.3 -0.7 7.4 -9.3

Europe............................................... 26.895 183.2 179.5 -7.6 4.5 -2.2 -0.9 -2.0

Asia.................................................. 27.049 147.8 127.2 -1.9 5.2 -1.9 14.4 -13.9

Latin America/Caribbean.......................... 27.656 177.3 154.3 2.9 0.9 3.7 11.9 -13.0

1 Relative importance figures are based on 2018 trade values.

NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication.

Dash = Not available

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17 

TECHNICAL NOTE

Import and Export Goods and Services Price Indexes - All indexes use a modified Laspeyres 

formula and are not seasonally adjusted. Price indexes are reweighted annually, with a 2-year lag in the 

weights. Published series use a base year of 2000=100 where possible. More detailed index series and 

additional information may be obtained at www.bls.gov/mxp or by calling (202) 691-7101. 

Merchandise Goods Classification Systems - The merchandise price indexes are published using three 

classification systems. Items are classified by end use according to the Bureau of Economic Analysis 

Classification System, by industry according to the North American Industry Classification System 

(NAICS), and by product category according to the Harmonized System (HS). While classification by 

end use and product category are self-explanatory, some notes are in order for classifying items by 

industry. In the NAICS imports and exports tables, items are classified by output industry, not input 

industry. As an example, NAICS import index 326 (plastics and rubber products manufacturing) 

includes outputs such as manufactured plastic rather than inputs such as petroleum. The NAICS 

classification structure also matches the classification system used by the Producer Price Index (PPI) to 

produce the NAICS primary products indexes.

Import Price Goods Indexes - Items are classified by the Harmonized Tariff Schedule of the United 

States Annotated (TSUSA). Import prices are based on U.S. dollar prices paid by the U.S. importer. The 

prices are generally either "free on board" (f.o.b.) foreign port or "cost, insurance, and freight" (c.i.f.) 

U.S. port transaction prices, depending on the practices of the individual industry. The index for crude 

petroleum is calculated from data collected by the U.S. Department of Energy. 

Export Price Goods Indexes - Items are classified by the Harmonized Schedule B classification system 

of the U.S. Bureau of the Census. The prices used are generally either "free alongside ship" (f.a.s.) 

factory or "free on board" (f.o.b.) transaction prices, depending on the practices of the individual 

industry. Prices used in the grain index, excluding rice, are obtained from the U.S. Department of 

Agriculture. 

Services Price Indexes - Indexes for import and export air passenger fares calculate changes in the 

average revenue received per passenger by foreign carriers from U.S. residents and by U.S. carriers from 

foreign residents, respectively. Data are obtained from an airline consulting service and report on tickets 

sold by travel agencies, travel websites, and directly by the airlines. Taxes and fees are included in both 

the import and export air passenger fares indexes. Import air passenger fares data have used the airline 

consulting service source since September 2008. Before April 2018, the export air passenger fares data 

were collected directly by BLS from U.S. airlines. The air freight indexes are calculated from data 

collected directly from airlines. These data exclude mail and passenger baggage. The scope of the 

service being priced is the movement of freight from airport to airport only, and does not include any 

ground transportation or port service. The air freight indexes are presented using two definitions: 

balance of payments (which represents transactions between U.S. and foreign residents) and 

international (which represents transactions inbound to and outbound from the United States.) Fact 

sheets specifying detailed information for each services industry are available at www.bls.gov/mxp 

under "MXP Publications." 
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Import Price Indexes by Locality of Origin - Prices used in these indexes are a subset of the data 

collected for the import price indexes. The indexes are specific to a country, region, or grouping and, 

beginning with January 2002, are based on the North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 

covering goods-producing industries. Nonmanufactured goods are defined as NAICS 11 and 21, and 

manufactured goods are defined as NAICS 31-33. 

Export Price Indexes by Locality of Destination - Prices used in these indexes are a subset of the data 

collected for the export price indexes. The indexes are specific to a country, region, or grouping and are 

based on the North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) covering goods-producing 

industries. Nonmanufactured goods are defined as NAICS 11 and 21, and manufactured goods are 

defined as NAICS 31-33. 

Terms of Trade Indexes - Terms of trade indexes measure the relative price of exports in terms of 

import prices for a specific country, region, or grouping. The indexes are calculated as one country, 

region, or grouping’s all-export goods price index divided by the corresponding all-import goods price 

index on a scale of 100. 

 

Relative Importance - A relative importance is a specific index’s price-updated value share (expressed 

as a percentage) of overall imports or exports at a specific point in time. Relative importance values are 

affected by the trade weights at the point indexes are reweighted and index changes relative to other 

indexes since the reweight point. If an index is rising in value relative to other indexes over time, the 

relative importance will increase as well. 

Revision Policy - To reflect the availability of late reports and corrections by respondents, monthly data 

may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication. After 3 months, no further data 

revisions take place. For example, data first published in the January release will be subject to revision 

in the releases for February, March, and April. 

Rounding Policy - Index values are rounded to the tenth decimal place after being calculated. All 

percent changes are then derived from the rounded index values and subsequently rounded to the tenth 

decimal place. 

Uses of the Data - The primary use of the indexes is to deflate trade statistics, notably the foreign trade 

sector of the National Income and Product Accounts (NIPA) constructed by the Department of 

Commerce. Other published indexes are useful for general market analysis. For trade in international 

services, balance of payments indexes are used for deflating NIPA, while international indexes are more 

appropriate for market analysis. 

Email Subscription - The U.S. import and export price indexes news release is available through an 

email subscription service at www.bls.gov/bls/list.htm. 

 

Additional Information - More detailed data are available on the Import/Export Price Indexes home 

page at www.bls.gov/mxp. For import and export price indexes data requests, send an email to 

mxpinfo@bls.gov. 

Information from this release will be made available to sensory impaired individuals upon request. 

Voice phone: (202)-691-5200; Federal Relay Service: 1-(800)-877-8339.