U.S. IMPORT AND EXPORT PRICE INDEXES – JUNE 2020 

The price index for U.S. imports rose 1.4 percent in June, the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported 

today, following a 0.8-percent increase in May. Both the June and May advances were driven by rising fuel 

prices. U.S. export prices also increased 1.4 percent in June, after advancing 0.4 percent the previous month. 

Chart 1. One-month and 12-month percent changes in the Import Price Index: June 2019 – June 2020

Imports 

Prices for U.S. imports increased 1.4 percent in June, after rising 0.8 percent the previous month. The June 

advance was led by higher fuel prices, and was the largest monthly increase since the index rose 1.4 percent 

in March 2012. Despite the recent advances, the price index for U.S. imports fell 3.8 percent for the year 

ended in June. (See table 1.)

Coronavirus (COVID-19) Pandemic Impact on June 2020 Import and Export Price Index Data

The Bureau of Labor Statistics did not make any changes to either the collection method or estimation 

methodology for the June release of U.S. Import and Export Price Indexes. Survey response rates for June

were 4.7-percentage points lower than those in June 2019. A small number of indexes that are normally 

published were not published in June. Additional information is available at www.bls.gov/covid19/importexport-price-indexes-covid19-impacts-june-2020.htm. 

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Transmission of material in this release is embargoed until

8:30 a.m. (EDT) Wednesday, July 15, 2020 

Technical information: (202) 691-7101 • MXPinfo@bls.gov • www.bls.gov/mxp

Media contact: (202) 691-5902 • PressOffice@bls.gov 

USDL-20-1378
2

Fuel Imports: The price index for import fuel advanced 21.9 percent in June following a 15.4-percent 

increase the previous month. The June rise was the largest advance since the index was first published 

monthly in September 1992. Higher prices for both petroleum and natural gas contributed to the June 

increase. Prices for import petroleum rose 23.0 percent in June, after advancing 16.1 percent in May. 

Natural gas prices increased 6.8 percent in June following a 6.4-percent rise the previous month. Despite the 

record advance in June, import fuel prices fell 36.4 percent over the past year. The price index for import 

petroleum led the 12-month decline in fuel prices, decreasing 38.6 percent and offsetting a 56.0-percent 

increase in prices for import natural gas. 

 

All Imports Excluding Fuel: Nonfuel import prices rose 0.3 percent in June, after a 0.1-percent advance in 

May. In June, higher prices for nonfuel industrial supplies and materials; capital goods; and consumer goods 

more than offset lower prices for foods, feeds, and beverages and automotive vehicles. Prices for nonfuel 

imports declined 0.2 percent for the year ended in June, the smallest 12-month drop since January 2019. 

 

Nonfuel Industrial Supplies and Materials: Import prices for nonfuel industrial supplies and materials 

increased 1.2 percent in June following declines of 0.5 percent in May and 3.3 percent in April. The June

rise was led by higher prices for unfinished metals and selected building materials. 

Finished Goods: Finished goods prices were mostly up in June. Capital goods prices rose 0.2 percent, led by 

a 0.6-percent increase in the price index for computers, peripherals, and semiconductors. Prices for 

consumer goods also advanced 0.2 percent in June, the largest monthly rise since a 0.2-percent increase in 

July 2019. In contrast, automotive vehicles prices edged down 0.1 percent in June. 

Foods, Feeds, and Beverages: Prices for foods, feeds, and beverages fell 0.1 percent in June, after 

increasing 2.3 percent the previous month. 

Table A. Percent change in Import and Export Price Indexes, selected categories
3

Chart 2. One-month and 12-month percent changes in the Export Price Index: June 2019 – June 2020 

Exports 

The price index for U.S. exports rose 1.4 percent in June, the largest 1-month advance for the index since a 

1.5-percent increase in March 2011. In June, prices for both nonagricultural and agricultural exports 

contributed to the advance. Despite the June rise, prices for U.S. exports decreased 4.4 percent from June 

2019 to June 2020. (See table 2.)

Agricultural Exports: Agricultural export prices increased 1.4 percent in June following a 0.5-percent drop 

in May. The advance was the first monthly increase since the index rose 2.0 percent in January. In June, 

rising prices for dairy products, vegetables, corn, and soybeans more than offset declining nut prices. 

Despite the June upturn, prices for agricultural exports decreased 4.5 percent over the past 12 months, the 

largest over-the-year drop since the index fell 5.3 percent for the year ended May 2019. Lower corn and nut 

prices were the largest contributors to the 12-month decline in agricultural export prices. 

All Exports Excluding Agriculture: Prices for nonagricultural exports advanced 1.4 percent in June, after 

rising 0.5 percent the previous month. The June increase was the largest monthly advance since the index 

rose 1.4 percent in March 2011. In June, the increase was led by higher prices for nonagricultural industrial 

supplies and materials which more than offset declining prices for capital goods and nonagricultural foods. 

Nonagricultural export prices decreased 4.4 percent for the year ended in June, driven by a 12.2-percent 

decline in the price index for nonagricultural industrial supplies and materials. 

Nonagricultural Industrial Supplies and Materials: The price index for nonagricultural industrial supplies 

and materials rose 4.8 percent in June following a 2.1-percent advance in May. The June increase was the 

largest rise since the index was first published monthly in September 1992, and was driven by a 17.4-

percent advance in fuel prices. 

Finished Goods: Finished goods were mixed in June. Capital goods prices fell 0.2 percent, the largest 

decrease since the index declined 0.2 percent in October 2019. Lower prices for industrial engines, pumps, 

and compressors; transportation equipment; and computers all contributed to the June decline. In contrast, 

automotive vehicles prices ticked up 0.1 percent in June following a 0.1-percent decrease the previous 

month. The price index for consumer goods was unchanged in June, after declining 1.1 percent from 

February to May. 

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4

 

Measures of Import and Export Prices by Locality

Imports by Locality of Origin: The price index for imports from China increased 0.1 percent in June, the 

first 1-month advance since the index rose 0.2 percent in December 2019. The uptick followed a 0.1-percent 

decline in May. Import prices from China fell 0.9 percent over the past year. Prices for imports from Japan 

rose 0.4 percent in June, after decreasing 0.4 percent in May. The June increase was the largest monthly 

advance since the index rose 0.5 percent in January 2018. The price index for imports from Japan was

unchanged for the year ended in June. Import prices from Canada increased 4.4 percent in June following a 

1.9-percent rise in May. Both advances were led by higher fuel prices. Prices for imports from the European 

Union and Mexico also increased in June, rising 0.5 percent and 0.6 percent, respectively. (See table 7.)

Exports by Locality of Destination: Export prices to China advanced 1.9 percent in June, after rising 2.3 

percent the previous month. Those are the largest monthly increases since the index was first published in 

December 2017. Despite the recent advances, prices for exports to China decreased 2.5 percent for the year 

ended in June. The price index for exports to Japan also recorded the largest monthly increase since the 

index was first published in December 2017, rising 3.1 percent in June. Export prices to Japan decreased 3.0 

percent over the past year. Prices for exports to Canada increased 1.3 percent in June and export prices to 

Mexico rose 0.6 percent over the same period. The price indexes for exports to Canada and Mexico both

declined from June 2019 to June 2020, falling 4.1 percent and 5.5 percent, respectively. Export prices to the 

European Union rose 1.0 percent in June and decreased 2.9 percent over the past 12 months. (See table 8.)

Terms of Trade Indexes: Terms of trade indexes are based on country, region, or grouping and measure 

the change in the purchasing power of exports relative to imports. The index for U.S. terms of trade with 

China rose 1.8 percent in June following a 2.3-percent increase in May. Those are the largest 1-month 

advances since the index was first published in December 2017. U.S. terms of trade with Japan increased 

2.7 percent in June, the largest rise since the index was first published in December 2017. Higher export 

prices to Japan more than offset rising import prices from Japan. The index for U.S. terms of trade with the 

European Union also rose in June, increasing 0.4 percent, after rising 0.7 percent the previous month. In 

contrast, U.S. terms of trade with Canada declined 3.0 percent in June and the index for U.S. terms of trade 

with Mexico was unchanged. (See table 9.)

Import and Export Services

Imports: The index for import air passenger fares increased 7.0 percent in June following declines of 0.1 

percent in May, 12.3 percent in April, and 9.8 percent in March. The June advance was the largest monthly 

rise since the index increased 9.1 percent in September 2019 and was led by higher European and Asian 

fares. Despite the advance in June, import air passenger fares fell 21.5 percent over the past year. Prices for 

import air freight declined 2.8 percent in June following increases of 26.2 percent in May and 39.9 percent 

in April. Despite the downturn in June, import air freight prices advanced 73.3 percent over the past 12 

months. (See table 10.)

Exports: Export air passenger fares rose 6.4 percent in June, the first 1-month advance since the index 

increased 7.4 percent in January. The index for export air passenger fares fell 20.3 percent from January to

May and declined 13.3 percent over the past year. In June, the upturn was driven by a 12.7-percent increase 

in European fares. Export air freight prices rose 2.2 percent in June and advanced 1.8 percent from June 

2019 to June 2020. 

 

Import and Export Price Index data for July are scheduled for release on Thursday, August 13, 2020 at 

8:30 a.m. (EDT).
Table 1. U.S. import price indexes and percent changes for selected categories of goods: June 2019 to June

2020

[2000=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description End Use

Relative

importance

May

20201

Index Percent change

May

2020

June

2020

Annual Monthly

June

2019 to

June

2020

Feb.

2020 to

Mar.

2020

Mar.

2020 to

Apr.

2020

Apr.

2020 to

May

2020

May

2020 to

June

2020

All commodities................................... 100.000 119.1 120.8 -3.8 -2.4 -2.6 0.8 1.4

All imports excluding food and fuels (Dec.

2010=100)........................................ 88.037 98.6 98.9 -0.3 0.0 -0.4 -0.1 0.3

All imports excluding petroleum.............. 94.887 111.7 112.0 0.0 -0.2 -0.5 0.2 0.3

All imports excluding fuels (Dec.

2001=100)........................................ 94.525 115.7 116.0 -0.2 0.0 -0.5 0.1 0.3

Foods, feeds, & beverages................... 0 6.488 180.1 179.9 0.0 -1.0 -1.6 2.3 -0.1

Agricultural foods, feeds & beverages,

excluding distilled beverages............. 00 5.067 197.3 197.6 0.3 -1.0 -1.8 3.8 0.2

Nonagricultural foods (fish, distilled

beverages).................................. 01 1.421 141.4 140.0 -0.8 -1.0 -1.1 -2.5 -1.0

Industrial supplies & materials.............. 1 19.424 148.0 158.4 -16.3 -10.3 -12.3 3.5 7.0

Industrial supplies & materials excluding

petroleum.................................... 14.525 149.3 151.3 -0.2 -0.3 -3.4 -0.3 1.3

Industrial supplies & materials excluding

fuels (Dec. 2001=100)..................... 13.966 169.3 171.4 -1.5 0.2 -3.3 -0.5 1.2

Industrial supplies & materials, durable. . .. 8.802 163.4 166.5 1.1 0.6 -4.3 -0.3 1.9

Industrial supplies & materials nondurable

excluding petroleum....................... 5.509 131.6 132.4 -2.4 -1.9 -1.8 -0.4 0.6

Fuels & lubricants............................. 10 5.475 112.3 136.9 -36.4 -26.5 -31.3 15.4 21.9

Petroleum & petroleum products......... 100 5.113 118.1 145.3 -38.6 -27.1 -32.8 16.1 23.0

Crude........................................ 10000 3.058 105.4 136.3 -44.7 -34.1 -37.1 22.4 29.3

Fuels, n.e.s.-coals & gas.................. 101 0.362 95.0 100.3 34.8 -14.0 -3.0 5.4 5.6

Gas-natural.................................. 10110 0.300 83.4 89.1 56.0 -16.4 -3.3 6.4 6.8

Paper & paper base stocks.................. 11 0.516 107.3 110.5 -8.3 -0.5 -1.6 0.1 3.0

Materials associated with nondurable

supplies & materials....................... 12 4.632 149.1 148.9 -5.5 -0.5 -1.7 -1.1 -0.1

Selected building materials.................. 13 1.569 142.6 146.9 3.7 1.9 -4.6 0.8 3.0

Unfinished metals related to durable

goods........................................ 14 3.501 224.9 232.3 1.4 1.1 -8.1 -1.4 3.3

Finished metals related to durable

goods........................................ 15 1.868 157.2 157.0 0.0 -0.6 -0.1 1.2 -0.1

Nonmetals related to durable goods. . . . . .. 16 1.865 112.0 112.1 -0.7 -0.4 -0.3 -0.2 0.1

Capital goods................................... 2 29.909 88.0 88.2 -0.1 0.1 0.2 0.0 0.2

Electric generating equipment............... 20 3.802 121.2 121.2 1.5 0.3 0.2 -0.2 0.0

Nonelectrical machinery...................... 21 23.640 79.9 80.1 -0.4 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.3

Transportation equipment excluding motor

vehicles (Dec. 2001=100)................. 22 2.467 135.3 135.4 -1.1 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.1

Automotive vehicles, parts & engines..... 3 16.384 110.6 110.5 0.5 0.2 0.3 -0.1 -0.1

Consumer goods, excluding

automotives.................................. 4 27.795 106.4 106.6 -0.2 -0.3 -0.1 0.0 0.2

Nondurables, manufactured................. 40 13.726 123.9 124.0 0.6 -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.1

Durables, manufactured...................... 41 12.779 90.6 90.6 -0.9 -0.2 -0.1 0.0 0.0

Nonmanufactured consumer goods. . . . . . .. 42 1.289 113.6 114.9 -1.4 -4.5 – – 1.1

1 Relative importance figures are based on 2018 trade values.

NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication.

Dash = Not available

5
Table 2. U.S. export price indexes and percent changes for selected categories of goods: June 2019 to June

2020

[2000=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description End Use

Relative

importance

May

20201

Index Percent change

May

2020

June

2020

Annual Monthly

June

2019 to

June

2020

Feb.

2020 to

Mar.

2020

Mar.

2020 to

Apr.

2020

Apr.

2020 to

May

2020

May

2020 to

June

2020

All commodities................................... 100.000 118.8 120.5 -4.4 -1.4 -3.4 0.4 1.4

Agricultural commodities....................... 9.355 169.9 172.3 -4.5 -1.4 -3.2 -0.5 1.4

All exports excluding food and fuels (Dec.

2010=100)........................................ 83.884 101.0 101.0 -0.5 -0.1 -0.5 -0.1 0.0

Nonagricultural commodities.................. 90.645 114.9 116.5 -4.4 -1.4 -3.5 0.5 1.4

Foods, feeds, & beverages................... 0 8.683 173.9 175.8 -4.4 -1.5 -3.1 -0.5 1.1

Agricultural foods, feeds & beverages,

excluding distilled beverages............. 00 8.111 172.0 175.0 -4.1 -1.3 -3.4 -0.4 1.7

Nonagricultural foods (fish, distilled

beverages).................................. 01 0.573 210.8 193.8 -8.3 -3.8 0.7 -1.4 -8.1

Industrial supplies & materials.............. 1 29.592 129.7 135.7 -12.0 -3.9 -10.1 1.9 4.6

Industrial supplies & materials, durable. . .. 11.013 168.1 169.7 3.2 -0.5 -1.8 0.4 1.0

Industrial supplies & materials,

nondurable.................................. 18.579 114.0 121.6 -18.9 -5.7 -14.4 2.9 6.7

Agricultural industrial supplies &

materials..................................... 10 1.215 162.0 160.7 -7.4 -2.0 -2.1 -0.7 -0.8

Nonagricultural industrial supplies &

materials..................................... 28.377 128.7 134.9 -12.2 -4.0 -10.4 2.1 4.8

Fuels & lubricants............................. 11 7.433 106.4 124.9 -30.6 -11.6 -29.3 8.7 17.4

Nonagricultural supplies & materials

excluding fuels & building materials. . . .. 12 19.975 154.3 154.8 -1.5 -0.3 -2.0 -0.1 0.3

Selected building materials.................. 13 0.969 117.3 117.9 -2.6 1.4 -0.2 -0.2 0.5

Capital goods................................... 2 38.508 111.4 111.2 0.4 0.2 0.0 -0.1 -0.2

Electrical generating equipment............. 20 3.990 120.0 120.0 1.6 -0.1 0.0 0.1 0.0

Nonelectrical machinery...................... 21 25.020 95.0 94.8 0.1 0.1 0.0 -0.1 -0.2

Transportation equipment excluding motor

vehicles (Dec. 2001=100)................. 22 9.498 184.3 184.0 0.7 0.2 0.1 -0.1 -0.2

Automotive vehicles, parts & engines..... 3 10.328 114.3 114.4 -0.3 0.0 0.0 -0.1 0.1

Consumer goods, excluding

automotives.................................. 4 12.889 109.3 109.3 -1.1 -0.6 -0.3 -0.2 0.0

Nondurables, manufactured................. 40 6.211 107.2 107.5 -0.4 -0.3 -0.5 -0.3 0.3

Durables, manufactured...................... 41 5.228 107.7 107.2 -0.6 0.4 0.1 -0.1 -0.5

Nonmanufactured consumer goods (Dec.

2018=100)................................... 42 1.450 92.7 92.8 -6.2 -5.4 – – 0.1

1 Relative importance figures are based on 2018 trade values.

NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication.

Dash = Not available

6
Table 3. U.S. import price indexes and percent changes for selected industries: June 2019 to June 2020

[December 2005=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description NAICS

Relative

importance

May

20201

Index Percent change

May

2020

June

2020

Annual Monthly

June

2019 to

June

2020

Feb.

2020 to

Mar.

2020

Mar.

2020 to

Apr.

2020

Apr.

2020 to

May

2020

May

2020 to

June

2020

Nonmanufacturing................................ 5.607 66.9 78.0 -33.2 -25.5 -24.5 14.2 16.6

Agriculture, forestry, fishing and

hunting........................................ 11 1.992 179.0 177.9 -1.5 -1.9 -3.4 6.0 -0.6

Crop production............................... 111 1.664 194.7 193.5 -0.9 -1.1 -2.9 8.3 -0.6

Mining............................................ 21 3.615 51.3 64.6 -41.5 -32.3 -33.5 19.3 25.9

Oil and gas extraction........................ 211 3.351 49.2 63.0 -42.8 -33.4 -35.6 21.2 28.0

Manufacturing..................................... 94.093 109.3 109.9 -1.0 -0.5 -1.2 0.2 0.5

Manufacturing, part 1......................... 31 11.887 125.5 125.9 0.6 -0.2 -0.4 0.4 0.3

Food manufacturing.......................... 311 3.678 154.5 155.6 0.1 -0.6 -1.4 1.5 0.7

Beverage and tobacco product

manufacturing............................... 312 1.220 128.3 128.3 4.4 0.2 -0.1 -0.7 0.0

Textile mills (Dec. 2011=100)............... 313 0.380 97.1 97.0 -2.1 -0.7 -0.8 0.1 -0.1

Textile product mills.......................... 314 0.974 106.6 106.6 -2.3 0.2 -0.2 -0.2 0.0

Apparel manufacturing....................... 315 3.914 112.9 112.9 0.7 0.0 0.2 0.1 0.0

Leather and allied product

manufacturing............................... 316 1.720 124.4 124.7 1.2 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.2

Manufacturing, part 2......................... 32 18.028 117.2 119.5 -5.0 -1.9 -4.5 0.5 2.0

Wood product manufacturing (Dec.

2019=100)................................... 321 0.825 99.1 104.9 – 3.6 -8.4 1.5 5.9

Paper manufacturing......................... 322 1.019 105.6 107.8 -4.8 0.0 -1.5 0.0 2.1

Petroleum and coal products

manufacturing............................... 324 1.864 66.3 75.9 -24.5 -12.9 -27.2 8.3 14.5

Chemical manufacturing..................... 325 10.516 135.4 135.4 -2.4 -0.4 -0.9 -0.6 0.0

Plastics and rubber products

manufacturing............................... 326 2.474 118.5 118.8 -0.3 -0.2 -0.1 -0.1 0.3

Nonmetallic mineral product

manufacturing............................... 327 1.129 131.4 131.2 0.0 -0.1 0.1 0.1 -0.2

Manufacturing, part 3......................... 33 64.178 103.2 103.5 -0.1 0.0 -0.3 -0.1 0.3

Primary metal manufacturing................ 331 4.092 151.4 155.0 0.8 0.8 -6.6 -0.5 2.4

Fabricated metal product manufacturing... 332 3.363 126.0 126.0 -0.2 -0.2 0.2 -0.2 0.0

Machinery manufacturing.................... 333 8.084 119.3 119.3 0.6 -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0

Computer and electronic product

manufacturing............................... 334 17.843 72.0 72.2 -0.7 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.3

Electrical equipment, appliance, and

component manufacturing................. 335 5.752 117.8 118.0 0.4 0.3 0.0 -0.1 0.2

Transportation equipment manufacturing... 336 17.448 109.5 109.5 0.3 0.1 0.2 -0.2 0.0

Furniture and related product

manufacturing............................... 337 1.979 115.0 114.5 -2.1 -0.3 0.0 -0.3 -0.4

Miscellaneous manufacturing............... 339 5.616 117.5 117.7 -0.4 -1.5 0.0 0.2 0.2

1 Relative importance figures are based on 2018 trade values.

NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication.

Dash = Not available

7
Table 4. U.S. export price indexes and percent changes for selected industries: June 2019 to June 2020

[December 2005=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description NAICS

Relative

importance

May

20201

Index Percent change

May

2020

June

2020

Annual Monthly

June

2019 to

June

2020

Feb.

2020 to

Mar.

2020

Mar.

2020 to

Apr.

2020

Apr.

2020 to

May

2020

May

2020 to

June

2020

Nonmanufacturing................................ 8.372 100.8 107.8 -18.8 -10.7 -12.9 7.9 6.9

Agriculture, forestry, fishing and

hunting........................................ 11 4.523 139.7 140.0 -8.7 -1.4 -4.9 -1.1 0.2

Crop production............................... 111 4.162 145.6 147.5 -8.3 -1.5 -5.2 -1.2 1.3

Mining............................................ 21 3.849 52.8 60.5 -27.7 -19.5 -22.4 21.1 14.6

Mining (except oil and gas).................. 212 1.211 93.5 92.4 -19.8 -0.8 -0.9 -2.0 -1.2

Manufacturing..................................... 90.367 112.4 113.4 -2.7 -0.4 -2.5 -0.4 0.9

Manufacturing, part 1......................... 31 6.950 138.2 139.4 -1.3 -1.3 -1.1 0.1 0.9

Food manufacturing.......................... 311 4.727 154.6 156.9 -1.4 -1.6 -1.8 0.2 1.5

Beverage and tobacco product

manufacturing............................... 312 0.681 124.0 122.8 0.3 -0.7 2.0 -0.4 -1.0

Manufacturing, part 2......................... 32 22.461 98.3 101.6 -11.4 -1.1 -8.8 -1.2 3.4

Wood product manufacturing (Dec.

2017=100)................................... 321 0.491 95.7 96.4 -1.4 1.5 2.2 -0.5 0.7

Paper manufacturing......................... 322 1.562 118.0 119.0 -5.7 -0.3 0.8 -0.3 0.8

Petroleum and coal products

manufacturing............................... 324 3.502 58.9 71.0 -34.2 -4.2 -34.3 -3.9 20.5

Chemical manufacturing..................... 325 13.396 113.1 113.0 -5.0 -0.3 -2.3 -0.7 -0.1

Plastics and rubber products

manufacturing............................... 326 2.434 117.4 117.3 0.6 0.1 0.2 0.0 -0.1

Nonmetallic mineral product

manufacturing............................... 327 0.868 117.4 117.4 -0.3 1.8 -0.7 -0.4 0.0

Manufacturing, part 3......................... 33 60.957 116.0 115.9 0.8 -0.1 -0.1 0.0 -0.1

Primary metal manufacturing................ 331 4.505 160.1 161.9 11.6 -0.6 -1.2 0.9 1.1

Fabricated metal product manufacturing... 332 3.222 149.8 149.9 1.5 -0.2 -0.3 0.2 0.1

Machinery manufacturing.................... 333 10.309 130.5 130.2 0.3 0.0 0.0 -0.1 -0.2

Computer and electronic product

manufacturing............................... 334 14.483 82.4 82.3 0.2 0.2 0.0 -0.1 -0.1

Electrical equipment, appliance, and

component manufacturing................. 335 3.973 117.8 117.9 -0.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1

Transportation equipment manufacturing... 336 18.509 129.7 129.6 0.3 0.1 0.2 -0.2 -0.1

Furniture and related product

manufacturing (Dec. 2011=100).......... 337 0.420 124.7 124.7 1.8 0.9 0.0 -0.1 0.0

Miscellaneous manufacturing............... 339 5.536 117.8 117.6 -2.4 -1.2 -0.3 -0.3 -0.2

1 Relative importance figures are based on 2018 trade values.

NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication.

Dash = Not available

8
Table 5. U.S. import price indexes and percent changes for selected categories of goods: June 2019 to June

2020

[2000=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description

Harmonized

system

Relative

importance

May

20201

Index Percent change

May

2020

June

2020

Annual Monthly

June

2019 to

June

2020

Feb.

2020 to

Mar.

2020

Mar.

2020 to

Apr.

2020

Apr.

2020 to

May

2020

May

2020 to

June

2020

Live animals; animal products................. I 1.411 194.0 198.5 1.4 -2.4 -2.7 2.8 2.3

Meat and edible meat offal..................... 02 0.435 294.7 323.3 21.6 -3.5 -3.5 18.2 9.7

Fish and crustaceans, molluscs and other

aquatic invertebrates......................... 03 0.712 130.9 128.0 -8.3 -1.4 -2.6 -3.9 -2.2

Vegetable products............................... II 2.034 214.1 213.5 -0.7 -1.3 -2.0 7.0 -0.3

Edible vegetables, roots, and tubers.......... 07 0.487 494.8 482.7 -4.8 -15.5 2.2 15.0 -2.4

Edible fruit and nuts; peel of citrus fruit or

melons.......................................... 08 0.709 115.8 114.2 -8.3 6.8 -6.1 6.6 -1.4

Coffee, tea, mate and spices.................. 09 0.349 214.1 212.5 7.5 -0.3 -1.1 1.1 -0.7

Animal or vegetable fats and oils (Dec.

2009=100)........................................ III 0.253 85.1 84.4 0.2 -0.1 -5.5 0.9 -0.8

Prepared foodstuffs, beverages, and

tobacco........................................... IV 3.111 167.9 167.4 1.3 0.2 -0.6 -0.8 -0.3

Cocoa and cocoa preparations (Dec.

2009=100)..................................... 18 0.214 101.0 101.8 4.1 2.7 -4.8 0.4 0.8

Preparations of vegetables, fruit, nuts, or

other parts of plants.......................... 20 0.380 168.7 168.9 -0.7 -0.4 0.0 -1.2 0.1

Beverages, spirits, and vinegar................ 22 1.163 138.6 138.1 3.9 0.1 -0.3 -1.0 -0.4

Mineral products.................................. V 5.688 116.6 140.3 -34.9 -25.8 -29.4 14.4 20.3

Mineral fuels, oils and residuals, bituminous

substances and mineral waxes............. 27 5.333 111.5 135.7 -36.2 -26.5 -31.1 15.7 21.7

Products of the chemical or allied

industries........................................ VI 9.886 153.8 153.5 -1.7 -0.4 -1.1 -0.5 -0.2

Inorganic chemicals............................. 28 0.475 269.5 267.9 -8.1 -1.7 -4.0 -2.2 -0.6

Organic chemicals............................... 29 2.150 120.5 119.8 -6.0 -0.2 -3.9 -1.1 -0.6

Pharmaceutical products....................... 30 5.137 154.3 154.5 1.4 -0.3 0.1 -0.1 0.1

Essential oils and resinoids (Dec.

2016=100)..................................... 33 0.648 102.9 102.8 -0.6 -0.7 -0.4 -0.3 -0.1

Miscellaneous chemical products............. 38 0.614 100.5 100.3 -2.7 -1.1 -0.1 0.3 -0.2

Plastics and articles thereof; rubber and

articles thereof.................................. VII 3.725 136.6 138.2 -1.9 -0.4 -0.8 -0.7 1.2

Plastics and articles thereof.................... 39 2.489 138.1 139.8 -2.6 -0.5 -1.2 -0.9 1.2

Rubber and articles thereof.................... 40 1.236 135.5 136.9 -0.7 -0.4 0.1 -0.4 1.0

Raw hides, skins, leather, furskins, travel

goods, etc....................................... VIII 0.652 125.5 126.6 1.6 0.3 0.0 0.3 0.9

Articles of leather; travel goods, bags, etc.

of various materials........................... 42 0.625 132.4 133.5 1.8 0.4 0.0 0.3 0.8

Wood, wood charcoal, cork, straw,

basketware and wickerwork................. IX 0.850 144.0 152.8 6.5 3.7 -8.3 1.5 6.1

Wood and articles of wood; wood charcoal

(Dec. 2019=100).............................. 44 0.824 99.2 105.5 – 3.8 -8.5 1.5 6.4

Woodpulp, recovered paper, and paper

products......................................... X 1.049 110.9 112.8 -6.2 0.0 -1.8 0.2 1.7

Paper and paperboard; articles of paper

pulp, paper or paperboard................... 48 0.731 105.8 106.3 -4.4 -0.2 -1.7 0.1 0.5

Textile and textile articles....................... XI 5.058 114.2 114.3 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.1

Articles of apparel and clothing accessories,

knitted or crocheted.......................... 61 2.054 105.1 105.0 0.4 -0.3 0.0 0.0 -0.1

Articles of apparel and clothing accessories,

not knitted or crocheted...................... 62 1.697 122.0 122.5 1.5 0.3 0.4 0.1 0.4

Made-up or worn textile articles............... 63 0.662 100.8 100.8 -2.7 0.4 -0.1 -0.3 0.0

See footnotes at end of table.

9
Table 5. U.S. import price indexes and percent changes for selected categories of goods: June 2019 to June

2020 — Continued

[2000=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description

Harmonized

system

Relative

importance

May

20201

Index Percent change

May

2020

June

2020

Annual Monthly

June

2019 to

June

2020

Feb.

2020 to

Mar.

2020

Mar.

2020 to

Apr.

2020

Apr.

2020 to

May

2020

May

2020 to

June

2020

Headgear, umbrellas, artificial flowers,

etc................................................. XII 1.442 124.4 124.3 1.6 -0.1 0.1 0.0 -0.1

Footwear and parts of such articles........... 64 1.207 122.8 122.6 1.1 0.0 0.0 0.1 -0.2

Stone, plaster, cement, asbestos,

ceramics, glass etc............................ XIII 1.012 132.1 131.8 -0.2 -0.2 0.0 0.0 -0.2

Pearls, stones, precious metals, imitation

jewelry, and coins.............................. XIV 2.986 194.5 200.0 12.6 -0.4 -6.2 -0.3 2.8

Base metals and articles of base metals. . .. XV 5.527 163.1 164.1 -5.9 -0.7 -2.0 -0.2 0.6

Iron and steel.................................... 72 1.088 187.0 187.9 -13.4 -0.6 -2.8 -3.9 0.5

Articles of iron or steel.......................... 73 1.746 145.8 145.9 -2.6 -0.4 0.0 -0.1 0.1

Copper and articles thereof.................... 74 0.418 256.7 263.2 -3.1 -1.3 -7.1 8.9 2.5

Aluminum and articles thereof................. 76 0.886 119.2 120.3 -7.9 -0.7 -3.2 -1.0 0.9

Tools, implements, cutlery, spoons and

forks, of base metal; parts thereof.......... 82 0.482 122.8 122.9 -0.7 0.0 -0.1 -0.1 0.1

Miscellaneous articles of base metal. . . . . . . .. 83 0.554 133.7 133.6 -1.7 -0.4 0.1 -0.3 -0.1

Machinery, electrical equipment, TV image

and sound recorders, parts, etc............. XVI 31.866 78.9 79.1 -0.3 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.3

Machinery and mechanical appliances;

parts thereof................................... 84 16.198 84.6 84.8 -0.8 0.4 0.2 0.1 0.2

Electrical machinery and equip, sound and

TV recorders & reproducers, parts......... 85 15.668 73.6 73.6 0.1 0.0 0.0 -0.1 0.0

Vehicles, aircraft, vessels and associated

transport equipment........................... XVII 14.458 114.3 114.3 0.7 0.1 0.4 -0.2 0.0

Motor vehicles and their parts................. 87 13.284 113.5 113.5 0.8 0.1 0.4 -0.2 0.0

Optical, photo, measuring, medical &

musical instruments; & timepieces. . . . . . .. XVIII 4.276 102.2 102.1 0.5 0.0 0.3 0.0 -0.1

Optical, photographic, measuring and

medical instruments.......................... 90 3.992 98.3 98.3 0.2 0.0 0.3 0.0 0.0

Miscellaneous manufactured articles......... XX 4.640 111.1 110.9 -1.2 -0.1 -0.2 0.0 -0.2

Furniture & stuffed furnishings; lamps &

lighting fittings, nesoi; prefab bldgs......... 94 2.920 116.7 116.5 -1.5 -0.1 -0.2 -0.1 -0.2

Toys, games and sports equipment; parts

and accessories thereof...................... 95 1.438 101.7 101.7 -0.4 -0.1 -0.2 0.0 0.0

Miscellaneous manufactured articles. . . . . . . .. 96 0.281 127.2 127.2 -1.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

1 Relative importance figures are based on 2018 trade values.

NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication.

Dash = Not available

10
Table 6. U.S. export price indexes and percent changes for selected categories of goods: June 2019 to June

2020

[2000=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description

Harmonized

system

Relative

importance

May

20201

Index Percent change

May

2020

June

2020

Annual Monthly

June

2019 to

June

2020

Feb.

2020 to

Mar.

2020

Mar.

2020 to

Apr.

2020

Apr.

2020 to

May

2020

May

2020 to

June

2020

Live animals; animal products................. I 1.976 205.7 209.7 -3.7 -1.4 -3.0 0.5 1.9

Meat & edible meat offal (Dec. 2006=100)... 02 1.217 164.9 164.6 -4.7 0.1 -4.9 5.6 -0.2

Fish and crustaceans, mollusks and aquatic

invertebrates (Dec. 2016=100).............. 03 0.357 114.9 103.6 -10.7 -5.1 2.1 -2.3 -9.8

Vegetable products............................... II 4.154 181.5 184.4 -7.4 -1.1 -4.2 -1.6 1.6

Edible fruit and nuts; peel of citrus fruit or

melons.......................................... 08 0.942 128.1 122.2 -12.7 0.3 -6.5 0.2 -4.6

Cereals............................................ 10 1.338 177.7 182.4 -11.3 -1.0 -6.4 -4.3 2.6

Oilseeds and misc. grains, seeds, fruits,

plants, straw and fodder..................... 12 1.447 182.9 184.9 -1.1 1.2 -2.0 -2.0 1.1

Prepared foodstuffs, beverages, and

tobacco........................................... IV 3.136 151.0 151.3 -1.4 -2.4 -1.4 1.0 0.2

Preparations of vegetables, fruit, nuts or

other parts of plants (Dec. 2019=100). . . .. 20 0.343 98.1 98.4 – -0.5 -0.7 0.2 0.3

Miscellaneous edible preparations (Dec.

2017=100)..................................... 21 0.608 98.5 97.9 -0.1 -0.7 -0.9 -0.6 -0.6

Beverages, spirits, and vinegar (Dec.

2008=100)..................................... 22 0.557 101.3 106.3 -3.5 -5.8 -8.1 8.7 4.9

Residues and waste from the food

industries; prepared animal feed............ 23 0.749 216.4 210.2 -2.4 -4.4 1.9 -1.1 -2.9

Mineral products.................................. V 7.367 127.9 150.0 -30.9 -11.4 -29.1 7.9 17.3

Ores, slag and ash (Dec. 2012=100)......... 26 0.366 83.1 85.4 -12.1 -3.4 -3.2 -2.9 2.8

Mineral fuels, oils and residuals, bituminous

substances and mineral waxes............. 27 6.795 119.4 141.5 -32.1 -11.9 -30.9 8.9 18.5

Products of the chemical or allied

industries........................................ VI 11.198 134.2 134.2 -3.2 -0.3 -1.2 -0.7 0.0

Inorganic chemicals............................. 28 0.748 140.2 140.0 -6.4 -0.7 -0.9 1.7 -0.1

Organic chemicals............................... 29 2.450 130.7 129.8 -9.7 -0.1 -3.0 -2.8 -0.7

Pharmaceutical products....................... 30 3.255 105.9 106.5 -0.3 -0.7 -1.0 -0.4 0.6

Tanning or dyeing extracts, dyes, paints

varnish, putty, & inks (Dec. 2015=100). . .. 32 0.553 103.6 103.6 -0.2 -1.0 -0.1 -0.2 0.0

Essential oils and resinoids; perfumery

cosmetic or toilet preparations.............. 33 0.905 128.0 127.7 -2.7 0.1 -0.2 0.0 -0.2

Soap; lubricants; waxes, polishing or

scouring products; candles, pastes......... 34 0.515 125.1 125.1 0.7 0.1 0.0 -0.4 0.0

Miscellaneous chemical products............. 38 2.101 156.5 156.5 -0.1 -0.1 -0.6 -0.3 0.0

Plastics and articles thereof; rubber and

articles thereof.................................. VII 5.226 137.4 136.6 -5.1 0.1 -1.9 -1.3 -0.6

Plastics and articles thereof.................... 39 4.307 134.0 133.0 -5.8 0.2 -2.2 -1.5 -0.7

Rubber and articles thereof.................... 40 0.918 150.9 151.0 -1.6 -0.3 -1.1 -0.1 0.1

Wood, wood charcoal, cork, straw, baskets

and wickerwork (Dec. 2014=100)............ IX 0.605 95.0 95.6 -1.7 2.3 2.5 0.0 0.6

Woodpulp, recovered paper, and paper

products......................................... X 1.888 122.4 123.1 -1.1 1.3 1.3 1.3 0.6

Woodpulp and recovered paper (Dec.

2019=100)..................................... 47 0.522 118.5 120.6 – 5.7 5.0 6.3 1.8

Paper and paperboard; articles of paper

pulp, paper or paperboard................... 48 1.072 122.8 122.9 -2.4 0.0 0.6 -0.4 0.1

Textile and textile articles....................... XI 1.729 117.1 117.4 -3.3 -1.4 -2.6 0.9 0.3

Cotton, including yarns and woven fabrics

thereof.......................................... 52 0.455 106.4 107.6 -9.2 -4.3 -9.8 3.3 1.1

Stone, plaster, cement, asbestos,

ceramics, glass etc............................ XIII 0.841 126.2 126.2 -1.0 0.2 -0.3 -0.2 0.0

See footnotes at end of table.

11
Table 6. U.S. export price indexes and percent changes for selected categories of goods: June 2019 to June

2020 — Continued

[2000=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description

Harmonized

system

Relative

importance

May

20201

Index Percent change

May

2020

June

2020

Annual Monthly

June

2019 to

June

2020

Feb.

2020 to

Mar.

2020

Mar.

2020 to

Apr.

2020

Apr.

2020 to

May

2020

May

2020 to

June

2020

Glass and glassware (Dec. 2019=100)....... 70 0.492 99.8 99.6 – 0.0 -0.1 -0.1 -0.2

Pearls, stones, precious metals, imitation

jewelry, and coins.............................. XIV 5.002 273.1 275.2 12.2 -1.9 -0.8 1.0 0.8

Base metals and articles of base metals. . .. XV 4.640 150.2 151.4 -4.5 -0.3 -3.2 -0.1 0.8

Copper and articles thereof.................... 74 0.459 155.5 165.3 -7.4 -1.2 -10.7 2.1 6.3

Aluminum and articles thereof................. 76 0.664 91.6 91.1 -12.5 -1.8 -4.9 -2.9 -0.5

Miscellaneous articles of base metal. . . . . . . .. 83 0.357 155.9 156.0 1.3 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.1

Machinery, electrical equipment, TV image

and sound recorders, parts, etc............. XVI 29.898 98.1 97.9 -0.1 0.2 0.0 0.0 -0.2

Machinery and mechanical appliances;

parts thereof................................... 84 17.835 116.1 115.8 -0.4 0.3 -0.1 -0.1 -0.3

Electrical machinery and equipment and

parts and accessories thereof............... 85 12.063 78.7 78.7 0.5 0.0 0.3 0.0 0.0

Vehicles, aircraft, vessels and associated

transport equipment........................... XVII 14.035 137.9 137.9 0.5 0.1 0.0 -0.1 0.0

Motor vehicles and their parts................. 87 8.437 116.5 116.5 -0.2 -0.1 -0.1 -0.1 0.0

Optical, photo, measuring, medical &

musical instruments; & timepieces. . . . . . .. XVIII 6.321 110.2 110.3 0.3 -0.2 -0.4 -0.1 0.1

Miscellaneous manufactured articles......... XX 1.417 113.8 114.1 1.1 0.1 0.3 -0.3 0.3

Furniture; stuffed furnishings; lamps and

lighting fittings nesoi;......................... 94 0.790 132.7 132.9 1.5 0.5 0.3 -0.1 0.2

Toys, games and sports equipment; parts

and accessories thereof...................... 95 0.462 88.5 89.0 0.9 -0.7 0.3 -0.7 0.6

1 Relative importance figures are based on 2018 trade values.

NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication.

Dash = Not available

12
Table 7. U.S. import price indexes and percent changes by locality of origin: June 2019 to June 2020

[2000=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description

Relative

importance

May

20201

Index Percent change

May

2020

June

2020

Annual Monthly

June

2019 to

June

2020

Feb.

2020 to

Mar.

2020

Mar.

2020 to

Apr.

2020

Apr.

2020 to

May

2020

May

2020 to

June

2020

Industrialized Countries2

.................... 100.000 116.9 118.9 -6.1 -2.6 -4.0 0.3 1.7

Nonmanufacturing........................... 5.046 76.4 92.0 -50.2 -27.1 -38.0 10.1 20.4

Manufacturing................................ 94.442 119.7 120.6 -0.3 -0.2 -1.3 -0.3 0.8

Canada.......................................... 100.000 108.4 113.2 -19.1 -7.9 -11.7 1.9 4.4

Nonmanufacturing........................... 16.062 71.5 87.1 -51.9 -28.5 -40.8 13.7 21.8

Manufacturing................................ 83.013 124.0 125.3 -4.1 -0.1 -3.6 -0.2 1.0

European Union............................... 100.000 136.7 137.4 0.4 -0.3 -0.1 -0.1 0.5

Manufacturing................................ 98.981 132.9 133.6 0.2 -0.3 -0.2 -0.1 0.5

France (Dec. 2003=100)...................... 100.000 126.3 126.9 -0.4 -0.2 -0.9 -0.1 0.5

Germany (Dec. 2003=100)................... 100.000 112.6 112.7 0.4 -0.1 -0.1 -0.7 0.1

United Kingdom (Dec. 2003=100).......... 100.000 118.9 121.9 0.6 0.4 -4.8 0.5 2.5

Latin America3

................................. 100.000 139.4 141.8 -4.4 -2.4 -2.8 1.9 1.7

Nonmanufacturing........................... 11.235 182.4 203.9 -25.3 -19.3 -20.6 16.8 11.8

Manufacturing................................ 88.466 118.9 119.5 -0.3 0.5 -0.3 0.2 0.5

Mexico (Dec. 2003=100)...................... 100.000 125.5 126.3 -1.2 -0.6 -0.8 1.3 0.6

Nonmanufacturing (Dec. 2008=100). . . . .. 6.278 103.2 104.8 -29.4 -13.6 -21.4 17.0 1.6

Manufacturing (Dec. 2008=100)........... 93.431 88.1 88.6 1.6 0.5 0.7 0.5 0.6

Pacific Rim (Dec. 2003=100)4............... 100.000 97.6 97.8 -0.4 -0.1 0.1 0.0 0.2

China (Dec. 2003=100)....................... 100.000 97.9 98.0 -0.9 0.0 0.0 -0.1 0.1

Japan............................................ 100.000 96.3 96.7 0.0 0.0 -0.2 -0.4 0.4

Taiwan (Dec. 2018=100)...................... 100.000 95.2 95.6 -3.2 0.0 -0.8 -2.5 0.4

Asian NICs5

..................................... 100.000 85.1 85.8 -2.3 -0.2 -0.8 0.1 0.8

ASEAN (Dec. 2003=100)6

.................... 100.000 97.3 97.7 1.1 -0.3 0.0 0.0 0.4

Asia Near East (Dec. 2003=100)7

........... 100.000 134.8 149.0 -18.0 -21.7 -5.6 4.5 10.5

1 Relative importance figures are based on 2018 trade values.

2 Western Europe, Canada, Japan, Australia, New Zealand, and South Africa.

3 Mexico, Central America, South America, and the Caribbean.

4 China, Japan, Australia, Brunei, Indonesia, Macao, Malaysia, New Zealand, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, and the Asian Newly Industrialized

Countries.

5 Asian Newly Industrialized Countries - Hong Kong, Singapore, South Korea, and Taiwan.

6 Association of Southeast Asian Nations - Brunei, Cambodia, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, Philippines, Singapore, Thailand, and Vietnam.

7 Bahrain, Iran, Iraq, Israel, Jordan, Kuwait, Lebanon, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Syria, United Arab Emirates, and Yemen.

NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication.

Regions are not mutually exclusive.

Dash = Not available

13
Table 8. U.S. export price indexes and percent changes by locality of destination: June 2019 to June 2020

[December 2017=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description

Relative

importance

May

20201

Index Percent change

May

2020

June

2020

Annual Monthly

June

2019 to

June

2020

Feb.

2020 to

Mar.

2020

Mar.

2020 to

Apr.

2020

Apr.

2020 to

May

2020

May

2020 to

June

2020

Industrialized Countries2

.................... 100.000 98.9 99.9 -3.0 -1.6 -2.6 0.6 1.0

Nonmanufacturing........................... 7.992 77.4 84.7 -23.4 -13.9 -16.9 11.7 9.4

Manufacturing................................ 90.732 101.6 101.9 -0.8 -0.1 -1.3 -0.3 0.3

Canada.......................................... 100.000 98.9 100.2 -4.1 -2.1 -3.0 0.6 1.3

European Union............................... 100.000 100.6 101.6 -2.9 -1.5 -2.5 0.6 1.0

Nonmanufacturing........................... 7.250 72.5 79.7 -26.5 -14.9 -17.9 11.9 9.9

Manufacturing................................ 91.580 103.7 104.0 -0.4 -0.1 -1.1 -0.3 0.3

Germany........................................ 100.000 105.3 105.2 2.0 0.3 -1.3 1.2 -0.1

Latin America3

................................. 100.000 91.8 93.8 -7.0 -0.8 -5.8 -0.1 2.2

Nonmanufacturing........................... 7.057 91.1 94.6 -10.7 -4.1 -5.8 1.1 3.8

Manufacturing................................ 92.415 91.8 93.7 -6.8 -0.5 -5.8 -0.3 2.1

Mexico........................................... 100.000 94.2 94.8 -5.5 -0.5 -5.2 1.4 0.6

Nonmanufacturing........................... 5.525 88.3 88.9 -9.7 -1.5 -3.7 0.0 0.7

Manufacturing................................ 93.865 94.5 95.1 -5.3 -0.4 -5.3 1.4 0.6

Pacific Rim4

.................................... 100.000 96.0 98.3 -1.6 -1.3 -2.4 0.7 2.4

Nonmanufacturing........................... 12.250 76.7 88.5 -10.2 -9.9 -15.1 7.7 15.4

Manufacturing................................ 86.035 100.0 100.5 -0.2 0.0 -0.1 -0.4 0.5

China............................................ 100.000 93.8 95.6 -2.5 -2.1 -2.7 2.3 1.9

Nonmanufacturing........................... 9.403 64.5 75.4 -22.4 -18.0 -24.1 18.6 16.9

Manufacturing................................ 88.272 100.2 100.5 0.8 -0.1 0.1 0.5 0.3

Japan............................................ 100.000 94.2 97.1 -3.0 -2.7 -3.6 1.2 3.1

Nonmanufacturing........................... 15.475 68.8 77.6 -26.2 -15.5 -21.2 11.9 12.8

Manufacturing................................ 82.972 100.4 101.6 2.8 0.2 0.2 -0.1 1.2

1 Relative importance figures are based on 2018 trade values.

2 Western Europe, Canada, Japan, Australia, New Zealand, and South Africa.

3 Mexico, Central America, South America, and the Caribbean.

4 China, Japan, Australia, Brunei, Indonesia, Macao, Malaysia, New Zealand, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, and the Asian Newly Industrialized

Countries.

NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication.

Regions are not mutually exclusive.

Dash = Not available

14
Table 9. U.S. terms of trade indexes and percent changes by locality: June 2019 to June 20201

[December 2017=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description

Index Percent change

May

2020

June

2020

Annual Monthly

June

2019 to

June

2020

Feb.

2020 to

Mar.

2020

Mar.

2020 to

Apr.

2020

Apr.

2020 to

May

2020

May

2020 to

June

2020

Industrialized Countries2

............................ 103.6 102.8 3.2 1.1 1.6 0.4 -0.8

Canada.................................................. 119.9 116.3 18.6 6.3 9.9 -1.2 -3.0

European Union...................................... 99.1 99.5 -3.2 -1.3 -2.4 0.7 0.4

Germany................................................ 107.6 107.4 1.6 0.4 -1.2 1.8 -0.2

Latin America3

........................................ 98.1 98.5 -2.8 1.6 -3.2 -1.9 0.4

Mexico.................................................. 96.8 96.8 -4.3 0.1 -4.4 0.1 0.0

Pacific Rim4............................................ 96.8 98.9 -1.2 -1.2 -2.4 0.7 2.2

China.................................................... 95.9 97.6 -1.7 -2.1 -2.6 2.3 1.8

Japan.................................................... 93.4 95.9 -3.0 -2.8 -3.5 1.6 2.7

1 Terms of trade indexes are derived by dividing the export price index by the corresponding import price index and multiplying by 100.

2 Western Europe, Canada, Japan, Australia, New Zealand, and South Africa.

3 Mexico, Central America, South America, and the Caribbean.

4 China, Japan, Australia, Brunei, Indonesia, Macao, Malaysia, New Zealand, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, and the Asian Newly Industrialized

Countries.

NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication.

Regions are not mutually exclusive.

Dash = Not available

15
Table 10. U.S. international price indexes and percent changes for selected transportation services: June 2019

to June 2020

[2000=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description

Relative

importance

May

20201

Index Percent change

May

2020

June

2020

Annual Monthly

June

2019 to

June

2020

Feb.

2020 to

Mar.

2020

Mar.

2020 to

Apr.

2020

Apr.

2020 to

May

2020

May

2020 to

June

2020

Air Freight

Import Air Freight.................................... 100.000 319.0 310.0 73.3 2.5 39.9 26.2 -2.8

Europe (Dec. 2003=100).......................... 22.562 214.8 215.4 45.5 -0.6 51.9 -1.6 0.3

Asia.................................................. 69.398 354.5 339.8 102.6 4.6 43.5 43.7 -4.1

Export Air Freight................................... 100.000 164.5 168.2 1.8 -0.1 -2.4 0.7 2.2

Europe (Dec. 2006=100).......................... 31.417 151.8 152.3 0.4 -0.3 -2.1 0.0 0.3

Inbound Air Freight................................. 100.000 246.2 240.6 43.1 1.0 23.6 18.7 -2.3

Europe (Dec. 2003=100).......................... 23.524 164.1 166.5 20.7 -0.2 25.2 -1.0 1.5

Asia.................................................. 66.749 264.9 254.4 63.3 1.7 27.8 31.4 -4.0

Outbound Air Freight............................... 100.000 158.4 153.0 5.7 -19.1 2.4 0.6 -3.4

Europe (Dec. 2003=100).......................... 33.624 176.3 176.3 14.1 0.1 9.4 0.0 0.0

Asia.................................................. 46.739 153.2 141.4 2.5 -33.1 -0.5 1.1 -7.7

Air Passenger Fares

Import Air Passenger Fares....................... 100.000 136.2 145.7 -21.5 -9.8 -12.3 -0.1 7.0

Europe............................................... 39.287 136.4 151.3 -28.4 -12.9 -26.0 1.5 10.9

Asia.................................................. 25.926 121.9 141.0 -6.3 -7.4 11.8 -2.9 15.7

Latin America/Caribbean.......................... 8.386 125.6 122.9 -22.4 -7.4 -3.9 -13.3 -2.1

Export Air Passenger Fares....................... 100.000 125.7 133.7 -13.3 -4.2 -7.9 -0.5 6.4

Europe............................................... 25.444 138.1 155.7 -22.7 -4.3 -16.4 -3.8 12.7

Asia.................................................. 28.544 124.3 131.3 -5.5 -5.0 -6.9 10.4 5.6

Latin America/Caribbean.......................... 27.416 140.1 142.9 -10.2 -2.3 -1.3 -5.8 2.0

1 Relative importance figures are based on 2018 trade values.

NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication.

Dash = Not available

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TECHNICAL NOTE

Import and Export Goods and Services Price Indexes - All indexes use a modified Laspeyres 

formula and are not seasonally adjusted. Price indexes are reweighted annually, with a 2-year lag in the 

weights. Published series use a base year of 2000=100 where possible. More detailed index series and 

additional information may be obtained at www.bls.gov/mxp or by calling (202) 691-7101. 

Merchandise Goods Classification Systems - The merchandise price indexes are published using three 

classification systems. Items are classified by end use according to the Bureau of Economic Analysis 

Classification System, by industry according to the North American Industry Classification System 

(NAICS), and by product category according to the Harmonized System (HS). While classification by 

end use and product category are self-explanatory, some notes are in order for classifying items by 

industry. In the NAICS imports and exports tables, items are classified by output industry, not input 

industry. As an example, NAICS import index 326 (plastics and rubber products manufacturing) 

includes outputs such as manufactured plastic rather than inputs such as petroleum. The NAICS 

classification structure also matches the classification system used by the Producer Price Index (PPI) to 

produce the NAICS primary products indexes.

Import Price Goods Indexes - Items are classified by the Harmonized Tariff Schedule of the United 

States Annotated (TSUSA). Import prices are based on U.S. dollar prices paid by the U.S. importer. The 

prices are generally either "free on board" (f.o.b.) foreign port or "cost, insurance, and freight" (c.i.f.) 

U.S. port transaction prices, depending on the practices of the individual industry. The index for crude 

petroleum is calculated from data collected by the U.S. Department of Energy. 

Export Price Goods Indexes - Items are classified by the Harmonized Schedule B classification system 

of the U.S. Bureau of the Census. The prices used are generally either "free alongside ship" (f.a.s.) 

factory or "free on board" (f.o.b.) transaction prices, depending on the practices of the individual 

industry. Prices used in the grain index, excluding rice, are obtained from the U.S. Department of 

Agriculture. 

Services Price Indexes - Indexes for import and export air passenger fares calculate changes in the 

average revenue received per passenger by foreign carriers from U.S. residents and by U.S. carriers from 

foreign residents, respectively. Data are obtained from an airline consulting service and report on tickets 

sold by travel agencies, travel websites, and directly by the airlines. Taxes and fees are included in both 

the import and export air passenger fares indexes. Import air passenger fares data have used the airline 

consulting service source since September 2008. Before April 2018, the export air passenger fares data 

were collected directly by BLS from U.S. airlines. The air freight indexes are calculated from data 

collected directly from airlines. These data exclude mail and passenger baggage. The scope of the 

service being priced is the movement of freight from airport to airport only, and does not include any 

ground transportation or port service. The air freight indexes are presented using two definitions: 

balance of payments (which represents transactions between U.S. and foreign residents) and 

international (which represents transactions inbound to and outbound from the United States.) Fact 

sheets specifying detailed information for each services industry are available at www.bls.gov/mxp 

under "MXP Publications." 
18 

Import Price Indexes by Locality of Origin - Prices used in these indexes are a subset of the data 

collected for the import price indexes. The indexes are specific to a country, region, or grouping and, 

beginning with January 2002, are based on the North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 

covering goods-producing industries. Nonmanufactured goods are defined as NAICS 11 and 21, and 

manufactured goods are defined as NAICS 31-33. 

Export Price Indexes by Locality of Destination - Prices used in these indexes are a subset of the data 

collected for the export price indexes. The indexes are specific to a country, region, or grouping and are 

based on the North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) covering goods-producing 

industries. Nonmanufactured goods are defined as NAICS 11 and 21, and manufactured goods are 

defined as NAICS 31-33. 

Terms of Trade Indexes - Terms of trade indexes measure the relative price of exports in terms of 

import prices for a specific country, region, or grouping. The indexes are calculated as one country, 

region, or grouping’s all-export goods price index divided by the corresponding all-import goods price 

index on a scale of 100. 

 

Relative Importance - A relative importance is a specific index’s price-updated value share (expressed 

as a percentage) of overall imports or exports at a specific point in time. Relative importance values are 

affected by the trade weights at the point indexes are reweighted and index changes relative to other 

indexes since the reweight point. If an index is rising in value relative to other indexes over time, the 

relative importance will increase as well. 

Revision Policy - To reflect the availability of late reports and corrections by respondents, monthly data 

may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication. After 3 months, no further data 

revisions take place. For example, data first published in the January release will be subject to revision 

in the releases for February, March, and April. 

Rounding Policy - Index values are rounded to the tenth decimal place after being calculated. All 

percent changes are then derived from the rounded index values and subsequently rounded to the tenth 

decimal place. 

Uses of the Data - The primary use of the indexes is to deflate trade statistics, notably the foreign trade 

sector of the National Income and Product Accounts (NIPA) constructed by the Department of 

Commerce. Other published indexes are useful for general market analysis. For trade in international 

services, balance of payments indexes are used for deflating NIPA, while international indexes are more 

appropriate for market analysis. 

Email Subscription - The U.S. import and export price indexes news release is available through an 

email subscription service at www.bls.gov/bls/list.htm. 

 

Additional Information - More detailed data are available on the Import/Export Price Indexes home 

page at www.bls.gov/mxp. For import and export price indexes data requests, send an email to 

mxpinfo@bls.gov. 

Information from this release will be made available to sensory impaired individuals upon request. 

Voice phone: (202)-691-5200; Federal Relay Service: 1-(800)-877-8339.