TEXT
Table 1.  Number and percent distribution of fatal
Table 2.  Number and percent distribution of fatal
Table 2.  Number and percent distribution of fatal
Table 3.  Number and percent distribution of fatal
Table 3.  Number and percent distribution of fatal
Table 3.  Number and percent distribution of fatal
Table 4.  Number and percent distribution of fatal occupational
Table 4.  Number and percent distribution of fatal occupational
Table 5.  Number and percent distribution of fatal occupational
Table 5.  Number and percent distribution of fatal
Table 5.  Number and percent distribution of fatal occupational
Table 5.  Number and percent distribution of fatal

Technical information:             USDL - 94 - 384
G. Toscano  (202) 606-6175
Media contact:                     FOR RELEASE:  10 a.m. EDT
    K. Hoyle    (202) 606-5902         Monday,  May 15, 1995
 
 
NATIONAL CENSUS OF FATAL OCCUPATIONAL INJURIES, 1993
 
     Highway deaths and homicides together made up fully a
third of fatalities due to work injuries in 1993.  A total
of 6,271 fatal work injuries occurred in 1993 according to
the national Census of Fatal Occupational Injuries, Bureau
of Labor Statistics, U.S. Department of Labor.
 
     To compile counts that are as complete as possible, the
BLS census uses multiple sources to identify, verify, and
profile fatal work injuries.  Key information about each
workplace fatality (occupation and other worker
characteristics, equipment being used, and circumstances of
the event) is obtained by cross-referencing the source
records, such as death certificates, workers' compensation
records, and reports to federal and state agencies.  Table 6
lists the data sources used in the national Census of Fatal
Occupational Injuries.
 
Profiles from the 1993 fatality census
 
     Highway traffic incidents led all other fatal events,
accounting for 20 percent of the 6,271 fatal occupational
injuries in 1993.  About half of the highway deaths resulted
from collisions between two or more vehicles, a fifth from
overturned vehicles, and the rest mainly from crashing into
a stationary object, such as a telephone pole or bridge
abutment.  (See table A.)  Half of the workers killed in
highway motor vehicle incidents were driving or riding in a
truck.  Highway fatalities typically occurred during
daylight hours, between 9 a.m and 4 p.m.
 
     Homicide was the second leading manner of job-related
death, accounting for 17 percent of the fatally injured
workers in 1993.  Robbery was the primary motive for
homicide at work.  Roughly one in seven of the victims of
workplace homicide were killed by a work or personal
associate.  (See table B.)  Workers in retail
establishments, such as grocery stores and eating and
drinking places, made up about half of the homicide victims.
Taxicab drivers also were at particular risk of being shot
while working.
 
     About four-fifths of the workplace homicide victims
were men.  But homicide was, by far, the most frequent
manner in which women workers were fatally injured,
accounting for 39 percent of their 481 fatal injuries.  By
comparison, homicides were 17 percent of the 5,790 fatal
injuries to men at work.
 
 
 
- 2 -
 
Table A.  Percent distribution of job-related highway
fatalities(1) by selected characteristics, 1993.
 
Total highway fatalities:
 
Number ................ 1,232
Percent ...............   100
 
Worker traits:
 
Wage and salary workers .....   88%
Self-employed ...............   12
 
Men .........................   90
Women .......................   10
 
Under 20 years ..............    2
20 to 24 years ..............    9
25 to 34 years ..............   25
35 to 44 years ..............   25
45 to 54 years ..............   20
55 years and over ...........   20
 
White .......................   85
Black .......................   10
Asian or Pacific Islander....    1
Other or unknown ............    4
 
Hispanic origin .............    7
 
Event:
 
Collision between vehicles ..   53
  Moving in same direction ..    8
  Head-on ...................   20
  At intersection ...........   10
  Moving and standing vehicle    4
Collision with stationary
   object ...................   15
Non-collision ...............   27
  Jack-knifed, overturned ...   19
  Ran off highway ...........    5
Other or unspecified ........    5
 
Source of injury(2):
 
Highway vehicle, motored ....   95
  Automobile ................   28
  Truck .....................   55
    Delivery truck ..........    3
    Dump truck ..............    1
    Pickup truck ............   10
    Tractor trailer .........   27
Other vehicle ...............    5
 
- 3-
 
Major occupation:
 
Executives, administrators,
   and managers ..............    7%
Professional specialties .....    6
Sales ........................    8
Administrative support .......    3
Service ......................    8
  Police and detectives ......    4
Farmers, foresters, and
   fishers ...................    7
  Farming occupations ........    6
Precision production,
   craft, and repair .........    9
  Mechanics and repairers ....    4
  Construction trades ........    4
Transportation and
   material movers ...........   44
  Truck drivers ..............   38
Laborers .....................    4
Other occupations ............    4
 
 
 
Major industry:
 
Agriculture, forestry,
   fishing ...................    7
Mining .......................    2
Construction .................    8
  Special trade contractors ..    4
Manufacturing ................    9
Transportation and public
   utilities .................   28
  Trucking and courier .......   22
Wholesale trade ..............    9
Retail trade .................    9
Finance, insurance,
   real estate ...............    2
Services .....................   11
  Business services ..........    3
Government ...................   14
  Federal ....................    3
  State ......................    4
  Local ......................    7
 
   1 Highway fatalities include deaths to vehicle occupants
resulting from traffic incidents that occur on the public
roadway, shoulder, or surrounding area.  It excludes
incidents occurring entirely off the roadway, such as in
parking lots and on farms; incidents involving trains; and
deaths to pedestrians or other nonpassengers.
   2 Identifies the vehicle in which the deceased was an
occupant.
   NOTE:  Data may not sum to totals because of the omission
of miscellaneous categories and because of rounding.
 
- 4 -
 
Table B.  Percent distribution of job-related homicides by
selected characteristics, 1993.
 
Total homicides:
 
Number ............... 1,063
Percent ..............   100
 
Worker traits:
 
Wage and salary workers .....   73%
Self-employed ...............   27
 
Men .........................   82
Women .......................   18
 
Under 20 years ..............    4
20 to 24 years ..............    8
25 to 34 years ..............   27
35 to 44 years ..............   27
45 to 54 years ..............   18
55 years and over ...........   16
 
White .......................   65
Black .......................   16
Asian or Pacific Islander....   11
Other or unknown ............    8
 
Hispanic origin .............   17
 
Type of circumstance:
 
Work associates .............   10
  Co-worker, former
   co-worker ................    6
  Customer, client ..........    4
Personal acquaintances ......    4
  Victim's husband,
   ex-husband ...............    1
  Boyfriend, ex-boyfriend ...    1
  Other relative ............    1
  Other acquaintance ........    1
Police in the line of duty ..    6
Security guard in the
   line of duty .............    5
Robberies and miscel-
   laneous crimes ...........   75
 
Type of event:
 
Shooting ....................   82
Stabbing ....................    9
Beating .....................    3
Other .......................    6
 
- 5 -
 
Major occupation:
 
Executives, administrators,
   and managers .............   11%
  Food serving and lodging ..    6
Professional specialties ....    3
Sales .......................   33
  Supervisors and
   proprietors ..............   17
  Cashiers ..................    9
Administrative support ......    4
Service .....................   20
  Police and detectives .....    6
  Guards ....................    5
  Food preparation and
   service workers ..........    5
Precision production, craft,
  and repair ...............    6
 Mechanics and repairers ...    3
Transportation and material
   movers ...................   12
  Taxicab drivers and
   chauffeurs ...............    9
Laborers ....................    5
Other occupations ...........    6
 
Major industry:
 
Agriculture, forestry,
   fishing ..................    1
Construction ................    2
Manufacturing ...............    4
Transportation and public
   utilities ................   12
  Taxicabs ..................    9
Wholesale trade .............    2
Retail trade ................   49
  Grocery stores ............   17
  Eating and drinking places.   14
  Gasoline service stations .    5
Finance, insurance, real
   estate ...................    3
Services ....................   15
  Business services .........    4
Government ..................   12
  Federal ...................    2
  State .....................    2
  Local .....................    8
 
   NOTE:  Data may not sum to totals because of the omission
of miscellaneous categories and because of rounding.
 
- 6 -
 
Other highlights on fatal events
from table 1:
 
* Transportation incidents occurring off the highways, such
as those on farms or industrial premises; workers being
struck by vehicles; and incidents involving air, water, or
rail transport accounted for 20 percent of the fatal work
injuries.  Another 20 percent of the fatality total resulted
from objects striking workers or from falls, while
electrocutions and equipment entrapments each accounted for
5 percent of the total.
 
Highlights of worker characteristics
from table 2:
 
* A large majority of the fatally injured workers were 25-54
years old.  Workers age 55 and over, however, had a higher
risk of a fatal injury than their 12 percent share of
employment.
 
* Ninety-two percent of the fatally injured workers were
men, well above their 55 percent share of the nation's
employment.  Men are fatally injured more often than women
workers primarily because of differences in the jobs men and
women typically hold.
 
* The self employed and those working in family businesses
accounted for 21 percent of the workplace fatalities--double
their share of the nation's workers.
 
Highlights on occupations and industries
from tables 3 and 4:
 
* Occupations with the largest number of worker fatalities
included:  Transportation and material moving operations,
including truck drivers and other motor vehicle operators;
farm workers, timber cutters, and fishers; construction
trade workers, such as carpenters and electricians;
handlers, helpers, and laborers; and salesworkers, primarily
in retail trade.
 
* Among industry groups with the largest number of fatal
work injuries were agricultural crop production; special
trades construction contractors (for example, roofing and
electrical work); trucking and warehousing; and local
government (for example, police and fire protection).
 
- 7 -
 
Highlights on location
from table 5:
 
* One-fourth of the fatal incidents occurred on a street or
highway, primarily the result of highway motor vehicle
incidents, and about one-fifth occurred at a construction
site, warehouse, factory, or other industrial premise.
About one out of every seven occurred in a public building
such as a grocery store or other retail store, restaurant,
office building, or school, the majority of which were
homicides.  Of special note are the roughly 200 fatalities
occurring in a parking lot or garage, about half of which
were homicides.
 
     Included in tables 2, 3, and 4 are 1993 annual average
employment data collected in the BLS Current Population
Survey.  By comparing the percent distributions of the
fatalities and employment the user can evaluate the relative
risk of a job-related fatality for a given occupation,
industry, or worker characteristic.  For example, truck
drivers accounted for about 12 percent of the fatality total
which is 6 times greater than their share of total
employment.  While employment can be used to evaluate the
relative risk of a fatal work injury, other measures such as
employee exposure hours can also be used.
 
     State-specific data on workplace fatalities are
available from the state agencies participating with BLS in
the census program.  Participating agencies and their
telephone numbers are listed in table 7 of this release.
 
Background of the program
 
     The Census of Fatal Occupational Injuries, part of the
redesigned BLS safety and health statistics program,
provides the most complete count of fatal work injuries
available because it uses multiple state and federal data
sources.  This is the second year that the fatality census
has been conducted in all 50 states and the District of
Columbia.
 
     The Survey of Occupational Injuries and Illnesses,
conducted since 1972, has been redesigned to estimate worker
and case characteristics of nonfatal workplace injuries and
illnesses in addition to frequency counts and incidence
rates by industry.  Copies of the 1992 news release are
available from BLS by calling 202-606-6304.  Incidence rates
for 1993 by industry will be published in December 1994.
Information on 1993 worker and case characteristics will be
published in April 1995.
 
 
 
 
 
- 8 -
 
Note on 1992 Fatality Counts
 
     The BLS news release issued October 1,1993 reported a
total of 6,083 fatal work injuries for calendar year 1992.
Since then, an additional 134 job-related fatalities were
identified, bringing the total job-related fatality count
for 1992 to 6,217.
 
     To ensure that no legitimate case is excluded, states
compiling the fatality information are instructed to update
their previous year counts within one year of the initial
release.  The revised tables for 1992, along with more
detailed 1993 data, will be included in a comprehensive
report to be issued in early 1995.
 
Table 6.  Source documents used to compile information on
fatal work injuries, 1993
-----------------------------------------------------------
                                         Fatalities
Source document                     Number        Percent
-----------------------------------------------------------
   Total(1).......................   6,271          100
 
Death certificates ...............   4,409           78
State workers' compensation
  reports ........................   2,244           36
Coroner, medical examiner,
  and autopsy reports ............   3,195           51
Occupational Safety and Health
  Administration (OSHA) reports(2)   1,840           29
 
News media .......................   2,332           37
Followup questionnaires(3) .......   1,310           21
State motor vehicle reports ......     332            5
Other federal reports(4) .........     283            5
Other reports(5)..................   3,775           61
-----------------------------------------------------------
 
  1 The total of source documents exceeds the total of
verified cases because two or more source documents were
used to substantiate each case.  Note that some source
documents were received only upon request.  In general,
these included autopsy, coroner, and medical examiner
reports; followup questionnaires; and state motor vehicle
reports.  The number of death certificates shown are those
received through "formal arrangements" and marked "at work."
 
  2 This figure is not a comprehensive count of fatalities
reported to or investigated by osha, but represents the
available osha reports used to identify or substantiate a
work injury fatality in the Census of Fatal Occupational
Injuries program.
 
  3 Includes telephone followup for missing data and for
clarification of inconsistent data.
 
- 9 -
 
  4 Includes reports received from the Mine Safety and
Health Administration, the Employment Standards
Administration, the National Institute for Occupational
Safety and Health's Fatal Accident Circumstances and
Epidemiology program, the Department of Justice, the
Department of Energy, and the National Transportation Safety
Board.
 
  5 Includes reports received from other organizations, such
as state farm bureaus, local police departments, emergency
medical services, and the National Association of Chiefs of
Police.
 
  SOURCE:  Bureau of Labor Statistics, U.S. Department of
Labor, in cooperation with federal and state agencies,
Census of Fatal Occupational Injuries, 1993.
 
Table 7.  Participating state agencies and telephone numbers
 
STATE            AGENCY                        TELEPHONE #
 
Alabama          Department of Labor          (205) 242-3460
Alaska           Department of Labor          (907) 465-4539
Arizona          Industrial Commission        (602) 542-3739
Arkansas         Department of Labor          (501) 682-4542
California       Dept of Ind. Relations       (415) 703-5661
Colorado         Department of Health         (303) 692-2164
Connecticut      Labor Department             (203) 566-4380
Delaware         Department of Labor          (302) 577-2889
Dist. of Col.    Comm. of Public Health       (202) 727-0682
Florida          Dept of Labor & Empl. Sec.   (904) 922-8953
 
Georgia          Department of Labor          (404) 656-3032
Hawaii           Dept. of Labor & Ind. Rel.   (808) 586-9005
Idaho            Industrial Commission        (208) 334-6050
Illinois         Department of Public Health  (217) 785-1873
Indiana          Department of Labor          (317) 232-2679
Iowa             Dept of Employment Services  (515) 281-5151
Kansas           Dept of Health & Environment (913) 296-5641
Kentucky         Labor Cabinet                (502) 564-2454
Louisiana        Department of Labor          (504) 342-3126
Maine            Bureau of Labor Standards    (207) 624-6442
 
Maryland         Div. of Labor and Industry   (410) 333-4202
Massachusetts    Department of Public Health  (617) 727-2735
Michigan         Department of Labor          (517) 322-1851
Minnesota        Dept of Labor and Industry   (612) 297-7428
Mississippi      Department of Health         (601) 960-7741
Missouri         Bur. of Health Serv. Stat.   (314) 751-6274
Montana          Dept of Labor and Industry   (800) 541-3904
Nebraska         Workers' Compensation        (402) 471-3547
Nevada           Div. of Industrial Relations (702) 687-3293
New Hampshire    Department of Public Health  (603) 271-4651
New Jersey       Department of Health         (609) 984-1863
New Mexico       Health & Environment Div.    (505) 827-2877
New York         Department of Health         (518) 458-6228
 
- 10 -
 
New York City    Department of Health         (212) 788-4585
North Carolina   Department of Labor          (919) 733-2355
North Dakota     Bureau of Labor Statistics   (816) 426-2481
Ohio             Department of Health         (614) 466-4183
Oklahoma         Department of Labor          (405) 528-1500
Oregon           Dept Consumer & Business Serv(503) 373-1352
Pennsylvania     Department of Health         (717) 783-2548
 
Rhode Island     Department of Health         (401) 277-2812
South Carolina   Department of Labor          (803) 734-9661
South Dakota     Bureau of Labor Statistics   (816) 426-2481
Tennessee        Department of Labor          (615) 741-1991
Texas            Workers' Compensation Comm.  (512) 440-3864
Utah             Industrial Commission        (801) 530-6823
Vermont          Dept of Labor and Industry   (802) 828-2765
Virginia         Dept of Labor and Industry   (804) 786-6427
Washington       Dept of Labor and Industries (206) 956-5509
West Virginia    Department of Labor          (304) 558-7890
Wisconsin        Workers' Compensation Div.   (608) 266-7850
Wyoming          Department of Employment     (307) 777-5646
 
TECHNICAL NOTES
 
Definitions
 
     For a fatality to be considered within the scope of the
program, the decedent must have been employed (that is
working for pay, compensation, or profit) at the time of the
event, engaged in a legal work activity, or present at the
site of the incident as a requirement of his or her job.
These criteria are generally broader than those used by
federal and state agencies administering specific laws and
regulations.  (Fatalities that occur during a person's
commute to or from work are excluded from the census
counts.)
 
     Data presented in this release include deaths occurring
in 1993 that resulted from traumatic occupational injuries.
An injury is defined as any intentional or unintentional
wound or damage to the body resulting from acute exposure to
energy, such as heat or electricity or kinetic energy from a
crash, or from the absence of such essentials as heat or
oxygen caused by a specific event or incident or series of
events within a single workday or shift.  Included are open
wounds, intracranial and internal injuries, heatstroke,
hypothermia, asphyxiations, acute poisonings resulting from
a short-term exposure (limited to the worker's shift),
suicides and homicides, and work injuries listed as
underlying or contributory causes of death.
 
     Information on work-related fatal illnesses are
excluded from the BLS census and the attached tables because
of the latency period of many occupational illnesses and the
resulting difficulties associated with linking illnesses to
work.  Partial information on fatal occupational illnesses,
 
- 11 -
 
compiled separately,  will be made available to researchers
upon written request.
 
Measurement techniques and limitations
 
     Data for the Census of Fatal Occupational Injuries are
compiled from various state and federal administrative
sources--including death certificates, workers' compensation
reports and claims, reports to various regulatory agencies,
and medical examiner reports--as well as news reports.
Multiple sources are used because studies have shown that no
single source captures all job-related fatalities.  Source
documents are matched so that each fatality is counted only
once.  To ensure that a fatality occurred while the decedent
was at work, information is verified from two or more
independent source documents, or from a source document and
a followup questionnaire.  Approximately 30 data elements
are collected, coded, and tabulated, including information
about the worker, the fatal incident, and the machinery or
equipment involved.
 
Identification and verification of work-related fatalities.
 
     Because some state laws and regulations prohibit
enumerators from contacting the next-of-kin, it was not
possible to independently verify work relationship (whether
a fatality is job related) for 277 fatal work injuries in
1993; however, the information on the initiating source
document for these cases was sufficient to determine that
the circumstances of the incident was likely to be job
related.  Data for these fatalities, which primarily
affected self-employed workers, are included in the Census
of Fatal Occupational Injuries counts.  An additional 49
fatalities submitted by states were not included because the
initiating source document had insufficient information to
determine work relationship, which could not be verified by
either an independent source document or a followup
questionnaire.
 
     States may identify additional fatal work injuries
after data collection closeout for a reference year.  In
addition, other fatalities excluded from the published count
because of insufficient information to determine work
relationship may be subsequently verified as work related.
States, therefore, have up to one year to update their
initial published State counts.  This procedure ensures that
fatality data are disseminated as quickly as possible and
that no legitimate case is excluded from the counts.  As
data collection methods improve, future fatal work injury
counts may become more complete.
 
- 12 -
 
Federal/state agency coverage
 
     The Census of Fatal Occupational Injuries includes data
for all fatal work injuries, whether they are covered by the
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) or
other federal or state agencies or are outside the scope of
regulatory coverage.  Thus, any comparison between the BLS
census counts and those released by other agencies should
take into account the different coverage and definitions
being used.
 
     Several federal and state agencies have jurisdiction
over workplace safety and health.  OSHA and affiliated
agencies in states with approved safety programs cover the
largest portion of America's workers.  However, injuries and
illnesses occurring in several other industries, such as
coal, metal and nonmetal mining, and transportation on
water, rails, or in the air, are excluded from OSHA coverage
because they are covered by other federal agencies, such as
the Mine Safety and Health Administration, the U.S. Coast
Guard, the Federal Railroad Administration, and the Federal
Aviation Administration.  Fatalities occurring in industries
regulated by federal agencies other than OSHA accounted for
about 11 percent of the fatal work injuries for 1993.
 
     Fatalities occurring among several other groups of
workers are generally not covered by any federal or state
agencies.  These groups include self-employed and unpaid
family workers, which accounted for about 21 percent of the
fatalities; laborers on small farms, accounting for about 5
percent of the fatalities; and state and local government
employees in states without OSHA-approved safety programs,
about 4 percent.  (About one-half of the states have
approved OSHA safety programs which include state and local
government employees in their coverage.)
 
    ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS:  BLS thanks the participating states
for their efforts in achieving the objectives of this
program:  To collect and publish data on fatal work injuries
that are timely, accurate, comprehensive, and useful for
injury prevention.  BLS also appreciates the efforts of all
state and federal agencies that submitted source documents
used to identify fatal work injuries.  Among these agencies
are the Occupational Safety and Health Administration; the
National Transportation Safety Board; the Department of
Justice (Bureau of Justice Assistance); the Mine Safety and
Health Administration; the Centers for Disease Control and
Prevention; the National Institute for Occupational Safety
and Health; the Employment Standards Administration (Federal
Employees' Compensation and Longshore and Harbor Workers'
divisions); the Department of Energy; the National
Association of Chiefs of Police; the state vital statistics
registrars, coroners, and medical examiners; the state
departments of health, labor, and industries, and workers'
compensation agencies; the state highway departments; and
the state farm bureaus.
 
- 13 -
 
############################################################
 
DEVELOPMENTAL FATALITY RATES
 
     On a developmental basis, fatality counts from the BLS
census are combined with information on employment to
estimate how frequently groups of workers sustain fatal work
injuries.  The results of this work, along with information
about their interpretation and limitations, will be
published in a future issue of the BLS Monthly Labor Review.
For additional information, contact the Office of Safety,
Health, and Working Conditions at 202-606-6175.
 
Table 1.  Number and percent distribution of fatal
occupational injuries by event or exposure,1993
__________________________________________________
                              |     Fatalities
     Event or exposure(1)     |___________________
                              |  Number | Percent
__________________________________________________
  Total.......................|  6,271  |   100
                              |         |
Transportation incidents......|  2,482  |    40
  Highway.....................|  1,232  |    20
    Collision between         |         |
       vehicles, mobile       |         |
       equipment..............|    652  |    10
    Vehicle struck stationary |         |
       object or equipment....|    188  |     3
    Noncollision..............|    333  |     5
  Nonhighway (farm, industrial|         |
     premises)................|    392  |     6
  Aircraft....................|    280  |     4
  Worker struck by a vehicle..|    361  |     6
  Water vehicle...............|    119  |     2
  Railway.....................|     85  |     1
                              |         |
Assaults and violent acts.....|  1,309  |    21
  Homicides...................|  1,063  |    17
    Shooting..................|    874  |    14
    Stabbing..................|     95  |     2
  Self-inflicted injury.......|    215  |     3
                              |         |
Contact with objects and      |         |
   equipment..................|  1,039  |    17
  Struck by object............|    563  |     9
    Struck by falling object..|    345  |     6
    Struck by flying object...|     81  |     1
  Caught in or compressed by  |         |
     equipment or objects.....|    308  |     5
  Caught in or crushed in     |         |
     collapsing materials.....|    138  |     2?________________________________________________
                   See footnotes at end of table
 
Table 1.  Number and percent distribution of fatal
occupational injuries by event or exposure,1993
__________________________________________________
                              |     Fatalities
     Event or exposure(1)     |___________________
                              |  Number | Percent
__________________________________________________
 
Falls.........................|    611  |    10
  Fall to lower level.........|    530  |     8
  Fall on same level..........|     46  |     1
                              |         |
Exposure to harmful substances|         |
   or environments............|    590  |     9
  Contact with electric       |         |
     current..................|    324  |     5
  Exposure to caustic,        |         |
     noxious, or allergenic   |         |
     substances...............|    116  |     2
  Oxygen deficiency...........|    111  |     2
    Drowning, submersion......|     89  |     1
                              |         |
Fires and explosions..........|    201  |     3
                              |         |
Other events or exposures(2)..|     39  |     1
__________________________________________________
  1 Based on the 1992 BLS Occupational Injury and
Illness Classification Structures.
  2 Includes the category "Bodily reaction and
exertion."
 
  NOTE:  Totals for major categories may include
subcategories not shown separately.  Percentages
may not add to totals because of rounding.
 
  SOURCE:  Bureau of Labor Statistics, U.S.
Department of Labor, in cooperation with state and
federal agencies, Census of Fatal Occupational
Injuries, 1993.
 
Table 2.  Number and percent distribution of fatal
occupational injuries and employment by selected worker
characteristics, 1993
_______________________________________________________
                    |               |
  Characteristics   |   Fatalities  |   Employment(1)
                    |               |   (in thousands)
--------------------|----------------------------------
                    |      |        |         |
                    |Number| Percent|  Number | Percent
                    |      |        |         |
_______________________________________________________
                    |      |        |         |
                    |      |        |         |
  Total.............|6,271 |   100  | 120,791 |   100
                    |      |        |         |
  Employee status   |      |        |         |
                    |      |        |         |
Wage and salary     |      |        |         |
   workers..........|4,981 |    79  |  110,133|     91
Self-employed(2)....|1,290 |    21  |   10,658|      9
                    |      |        |         |
    Sex and age     |      |        |         |
                    |      |        |         |
Men.................|5,790 |    92  |   66,029|     55
Women...............|  481 |     8  |   54,761|     45
                    |      |        |         |
Both sexes:         |      |        |         |
  Under 16 years....|   29 |    -   |    -    |    -
  16 to 17 years....|   39 |     1  |    2,142|      2
  18 to 19 years....|  101 |     2  |    3,388|      3
  20 to 24 years....|  502 |     8  |   12,613|     10
  25 to 34 years....|1,510 |    24  |   32,703|     27
  35 to 44 years....|1,576 |    25  |   32,691|     27
  45 to 54 years....|1,193 |    19  |   22,450|     19
  55 to 64 years....|  801 |    13  |   11,313|      9
  65 years and over.|  514 |     8  |    3,409|      3
                    |      |        |         |
        Race        |      |        |         |
                    |      |        |         |
White...............|5,106 |    81  | 103,917 |     86
Black...............|  664 |    11  |   12,444|     10
Asian or Pacific    |      |        |         |
   Islander.........|  190 |     3  |    -    |    -
American Indian,    |      |        |         |
   Aleut, Eskimo....|   47 |     1  |    -    |    -
Other...............|  263 |     4  |    -    |    -
                    |      |        |         |
  Hispanic origin   |      |        |         |
                    |      |        |         |
Hispanic(3).........|  604 |    10  |    9,272|      8
_______________________________________________________
 
  1 The employment is an annual average of employed
civilians 16 years of age and older, plus resident armed
forces, from the BLS Current Population Survey, 1993.
 
Table 2.  Number and percent distribution of fatal
occupational injuries and employment by selected worker
characteristics, 1993. - Continued?________________________________________________
  2 Includes paid and unpaid family workers, and may
include owners of incorporated businesses, or members of
partnerships.
  3 Persons identified as Hispanic may be of any race.
Hispanic employment does not include resident armed
forces.
 
  NOTE:  Totals for major categories may include
  subcategories not shown separately.  Percentages may
not add to totals because of rounding.  Dashes indicate
data that are not available or do not meet publication
criteria.
 
  SOURCE:  Bureau of Labor Statistics, U.S. Department
of Labor, in cooperation with state and federal
agencies, Census of Fatal Occupational Injuries, 1993.
 
 
 
 
 
Table 3.  Number and percent distribution of fatal
occupational injuries and employment by occupation,
1993.
_________________________________________________________
                                |         |
                                |         |Employme-
                                |Fataliti-|  nt(2)
                                |    es   |   (in
                                |         |thousand-
         Occupation(1)          |         |    s)
                                ________________________
                                |    |    |        |
                                |Num-|Per-|Number  |Per-
                                | ber|cent|        |cent
_________________________________________________________
 
  Total.........................|6271| 100| 120,791| 100
                                |    |    |        |
Managerial and professional     |    |    |        |
   specialty....................| 681|  11|  32,280|  27
  Executive, administrative, and|    |    |        |
      managerial................| 427|   7|  15,376|  13
  Professional specialty........| 254|   4|  16,904|  14
                                |    |    |        |
Technical, sales, and           |    |    |        |
   administrative support.......| 842|  13|  36,814|  30
  Technicians and related       |    |    |        |
     support occupations........| 167|   3|   4,014|   3
_______________________________________________________
                          See footnotes at end of table
 
 
Table 3.  Number and percent distribution of fatal
occupational injuries and employment by occupation,
1993. - Continued
_________________________________________________________
                                |         |
                                |         |Employme-
                                |Fataliti-|  nt(2)
                                |    es   |   (in
                                |         |thousand-
         Occupation(1)          |         |    s)
                                ________________________
                                |    |    |        |
                                |Num-|Per-|Number  |Per-
                                | ber|cent|        |cent
_________________________________________________________
 
    Airplane pilots and         |    |    |        |
       navigators...............| 104|   2|     101|  -
  Sales occupations.............| 556|   9|  14,245|  12
  Administrative support        |    |    |        |
     occupations, including     |    |    |        |
     clerical...................| 119|   2|  18,555|  15
                                |    |    |        |
Service occupations.............| 539|   9|  16,522|  14
  Protective service occupations| 288|   5|   2,152|   2
    Firefighting and fire       |    |    |        |
       prevention               |    |    |        |
       occupations, including   |    |    |        |
       supervisors..............|  39|   1|     244|  -
    Police and detectives,      |    |    |        |
       including supervisors....| 149|   2|   1,019|   1
    Guards, including           |    |    |        |
       supervisors..............| 100|   2|     889|   1
                                |    |    |        |
Farming, forestry, and fishing..| 961|  15|   3,326|   3
  Farming operators and managers| 409|   7|   1,170|   1
  Other agricultural and related|    |    |        |
     occupations................| 214|   3|   1,963|   2
    Farm workers, including     |    |    |        |
       supervisors..............| 209|   3|     838|   1
  Forestry and logging          |    |    |        |
     occupations................| 142|   2|     132|  -
    Timber cutting and logging  |    |    |        |
       occupations..............| 124|   2|      93|  -
  Fishers, hunters, and trappers|  91|   1|      61|  -
    Fishers.....................|  79|   1|      51|  -
Precision production, craft, and|    |    |        |
   repair.......................|1095|  17|  13,326|  11
  Mechanics and repairers.......| 317|   5|   4,416|   4
  Construction trades...........| 565|   9|   5,004|   4
    Carpenters..................|  96|   2|   1,276|   1
    Electricians................|  78|   1|     666|   1
    Electrical power installers |    |    |        |
       and repairers............|  42|   1|     110|  -?________________________________________________________
                           See footnotes at end of table
 
 
Table 3.  Number and percent distribution of fatal
occupational injuries and employment by occupation,
1993. - Continued
_________________________________________________________
                                |         |
                                |         |Employme-
                                |Fataliti-|  nt(2)
                                |    es   |   (in
                                |         |thousand-
         Occupation(1)          |         |    s)
                                ________________________
                                |    |    |        |
                                |Num-|Per-|Number  |Per-
                                | ber|cent|        |cent
_________________________________________________________
 
    Structural metal workers....|  34|   1|      45|  -
                                |    |    |        |
Operators, fabricators, and     |    |    |        |
   laborers.....................|1959|  31|  17,038|  14
  Machine operators, assemblers,|    |    |        |
     and inspectors.............| 205|   3|   7,415|   6
  Transportation and material   |    |    |        |
     moving occupations.........|1182|  19|   5,004|   4
    Motor vehicle operators.....| 917|  15|   3,825|   3
      Truck drivers.............| 731|  12|   2,786|   2
      Driver-sales workers......|  41|   1|     178|  -
      Taxicab drivers and       |    |    |        |
         chauffeurs.............| 113|   2|     225|  -
    Material moving equipment   |    |    |        |
       operators................| 180|   3|   1,009|   1
  Handlers, equipment cleaners, |    |    |        |
     helpers, and laborers......| 572|   9|   4,619|   4
    Construction laborers.......| 218|   3|     658|   1
    Laborers, except            |    |    |        |
       construction.............| 202|   3|   1,127|   1
                                |    |    |        |
Military........................| 121|   2|   1,485|   1
________________________________________________________
 
  1 Based on the 1990 Occupational Classification
System developed by the Bureau of the Census.
  2 The employment is an annual average of employed
civilians 16 years of age and older, plus resident
armed forces, from the BLS Current Population
Survey, 1993.  Dashes indicate that value is less
than one percent.
 
  NOTE:  Totals for major categories may include
subcategories not shown separately.  Percentages
may not add to totals because of rounding.  There
were 73 fatalities for which there was insufficient
information to determine an occupation
classification.
 
 
Table 3.  Number and percent distribution of fatal
occupational injuries and employment by occupation,
1993. - Continued?____________________________________________________
  SOURCE:  Bureau of Labor Statistics, U.S.
Department of Labor, in cooperation with state and
federal agencies, Census of Fatal Occupational
Injuries, 1993.
 
 
 
 
 
Table 4.  Number and percent distribution of fatal occupational
injuries and employment by industry ,1993
__________________________________________________________________
                              |    |              |
                              |    |  Fatalities  |Employment(2)
                              | SIC|              |(in thousands)
          Industry            |cod-|--------------|---------------
                              |e(1)|Number|Percent| Number|Percent
______________________________|____|______|_______|_______|_______
      Total...................|    |6,271 |  100  |120,791|  100
                              |    |      |       |       |
    Private industry..........|    |5,590 |   89  |100,791|    83
                              |    |      |       |       |
Agriculture, forestry and     |    |      |       |       |
   fishing....................|    |  855 |   14  |  3,172|     3
  Agricultural production -   |    |      |       |       |
     crops....................| 01 |  398 |    6  |    900|     1
  Agricultural production -   |    |      |       |       |
     livestock................| 02 |  209 |    3  |  1,160|     1
  Agricultural services.......| 07 |  153 |    2  |    163|   -
                              |    |      |       |       |
Mining........................|    |  174 |    3  |    669|     1
  Coal mining.................| 12 |   40 |    1  |    114|   -
  Oil and gas extraction......| 13 |   94 |    1  |    371|   -
                              |    |      |       |       |
Construction..................|    |  924 |   15  |  6,724|     6
  General building contractors| 15 |  152 |    2  |  -    |   -
  Heavy construction, except  |    |      |       |       |
     building.................| 16 |  255 |    4  |  -    |   -
  Special trades contractors..| 17 |  517 |    8  |  -    |   -
                              |    |      |       |       |
Manufacturing.................|    |  762 |   12  | 19,444|    16
  Food and kindred products...| 20 |   82 |    1  |  1,760|     1
  Lumber and wood products....| 24 |  204 |    3  |    704|     1
                              |    |      |       |       |
Transportation and public     |    |      |       |       |
   utilities..................|    |  890 |   14  |  6,867|     6
  Local and interurban        |    |      |       |       |
     passenger transportation.| 41 |  130 |    2  |    472|   -
  Trucking and warehousing....| 42 |  467 |    7  |  2,163|     2
  Transportation by air.......| 45 |   79 |    1  |    724|     1?__________________________________________________________________
                                    See footnotes at end of table
 
 
Table 4.  Number and percent distribution of fatal occupational
injuries and employment by industry ,1993 - Continued
__________________________________________________________________
                              |    |              |
                              |    |  Fatalities  |Employment(2)
                              | SIC|              |(in thousands)
          Industry            |cod-|--------------|---------------
                              |e(1)|Number|Percent| Number|Percent
______________________________|____|______|_______|_______|_______
                              |    |      |       |       |
  Electric, gas, and sanitary |    |      |       |       |
     services.................| 49 |   72 |    1  |  1,597|     1
                              |    |      |       |       |
Wholesale trade...............|    |  250 |    4  |  4,598|     4
                              |    |      |       |       |
Retail trade..................|    |  784 |   13  | 20,070|    17
  Food stores.................| 54 |  223 |    4  |  3,412|     3
  Automotive dealers and      |    |      |       |       |
     service stations.........| 55 |   138|   2   |  2,041|     2
  Eating and drinking places..| 58 |   199|   3   |  6,036|     5
                              |    |      |       |       |
Finance, insurance, and real  |    |      |       |       |
   estate.....................|    |   116|   2   |  7,728|     6
                              |    |      |       |       |
Services......................|    |   758|  12   | 31,516|    26
  Business services...........| 73 |   188|   3   |  4,643|     4
  Automotive repair, services,|    |      |       |       |
     and parking..............| 75 |   116|   2   |  1,470|     1
                              |    |      |       |       |
    Government(3).............|    |   681|  11   | 20,001|    17
  Federal (including resident |    |      |       |       |
     armed forces)............|    |   186|   3   |  4,941|     4
  State.......................|    |   146|   2   |  4,905|     4
  Local.......................|    |   340|   5   | 10,155|     8
    Police protection.........|9221|    87|   1   |  -    |   -
__________________________________________________________________
 
  1 Standard Industrial Classification Manual, 1987 Edition.
  2 The employment is an annual average of employed civilians 16
years  of age and older, plus resident armed forces, from the BLS
Current Population Survey, 1993.
  3 Includes fatalities to workers employed by governmental
organizations regardless of industry.
 
  NOTE:  Totals for major categories may include subcategories not
shown separately.  Percentages may not add to totals because of
rounding.  There were 77 fatalities for which there was
insufficient information to determine a specific industry
classification, though a distinction  between private and
government was made for each.
 
  SOURCE:  Bureau of Labor Statistics, U.S. Department of Labor, in
cooperation with state and federal agencies, Census of Fatal
Occupational Injuries, 1993.
 
 
Table 5.  Number and percent distribution of fatal occupational
injuries by location of incident and event or exposure, 1993
__________________________________________________________________
                      |
                      |            Event or exposure(1)
                      _____________________________________________
                      |              |         |         |
                      |  Fatalities  |  Trans- |Assaults | Contact
                       ______________|portation|   and   |   with
       Location       |    |         |incidents| violent | objects
                      |Num-| Percent |         |   acts  |   and
                      | ber|         |         |         |equipment
___________________________________________________________________
                      |    |         |         |         |
  Total...............|6271|   100   |    40   |    21   |    17
                      |    |         |         |         |
Street or highway.....|1740|   100   |    85   |     8   |     3
                      |    |         |         |         |
Industrial place or   |    |         |         |         |
   premise............|1373|   100   |    15   |     8   |    33
  Industrial place and|    |         |         |         |
     premises,        |    |         |         |         |
     unspecified......| 230|   100   |     5   |     7   |    43
  Dockyard............|  39|   100   |    28   |     8   |    28
  Loading platform,   |    |         |         |         |
     factory or store.|  73|   100   |    18   |     7   |    40
  Railway yard,       |    |         |         |         |
     includes railway |    |         |         |         |
     line, tracks.....|  85|   100   |    76   |     7   |     4
  Warehouse...........|  75|   100   |    15   |    27   |    24
  Construction site...| 398|   100   |    11   |     3   |    30
  Industrial place or |    |         |         |         |
     premises, nec....| 380|   100   |     9   |    13   |    34
                      |    |         |         |         |
Other specified       |    |         |         |         |
   place(2)...........|1016|   100   |    42   |    17   |    18
  Parking lot, garage |    |         |         |         |
     (employer's      |    |         |         |         |
     premises)........| 149|   100   |    15   |    50   |    12
  Parking lot, garage |    |         |         |         |
     (except          |    |         |         |         |
     employer's       |    |         |         |         |
     premises)........|  62|   100   |    11   |    44   |    23
  River...............|  69|   100   |    72   |     4   |     6
  Sea.................| 120|   100   |    72   |    -    |     3
                      |    |         |         |         |
Public building(3)....| 964|   100   |     1   |    76   |     4
  Market, grocery or  |    |         |         |         |
     other commodity..| 244|   100   |    -    |    95   |    -
___________________________________________________________________
         See footnotes at end of table.
 
 
Table 5.  Number and percent distribution of fatal
occupational injuries by location of incident and
event or exposure, 1993 - Continued
____________________________________________________
                      |
                      |     Event or exposure(1)
                       _____________________________
                      |         |         |
                      |         | Exposure|
                      |         |    to   |
       Location       |         | harmful |Fires and
                      |  Falls  |   sub-  |explosio-
                      |         | stances |    ns
                      |         |    or   |
                      |         | environ-|
                      |         |  ments  |
____________________________________________________
                      |         |         |
  Total...............|    10   |     9   |     3
                      |         |         |
Street or highway.....|     1   |     2   |    -
                      |         |         |
Industrial place or   |         |         |
   premise............|    21   |    15   |     7
  Industrial place and|         |         |
     premises,        |         |         |
     unspecified......|    11   |    20   |    12
  Dockyard............|    23   |    10   |    -
  Loading platform,   |         |         |
     factory or store.|    16   |    14   |     4
  Railway yard,       |         |         |
     includes railway |         |         |
     line, tracks.....|     7   |     4   |    -
  Warehouse...........|    21   |    12   |    -
  Construction site...|    38   |    15   |     2
  Industrial place or |         |         |
     premises, nec....|    14   |    19   |    11
                      |         |         |
Other specified       |         |         |
   place(2)...........|     8   |    12   |     3
  Parking lot, garage |         |         |
     (employer's      |         |         |
     premises)........|     7   |     9   |     7
  Parking lot, garage |         |         |
     (except          |         |         |
     employer's       |         |         |
     premises)........|     6   |    10   |     5
  River...............|    -    |    14   |    -
  Sea.................|     6   |    17   |    -
                      |         |         |
Public building(3)....|     9   |     6   |     3
  Market, grocery or  |         |         |
     other commodity..|     3   |     2   |    -
____________________________________________________
                See footnotes at end of table.
 
 
Table 5.  Number and percent distribution of fatal occupational
injuries by location of incident and event or exposure, 1993 -
Continued
___________________________________________________________________
                      |
                      |            Event or exposure(1)
                       ____________________________________________
                      |              |         |         |
                      |  Fatalities  |         |         |
                       ______________|Trans-   | Assaults|Contact
       Location       |    |         |portation|   and   |  with
                      |    |         |incidents| violent | objects
                      |Num-|         |         |   acts  |   and
                      | ber| Percent |         |         |equipment
___________________________________________________________________
                      |    |         |         |         |
  Office building.....| 125|   100   |    -    |    72   |     6
  Restaurant, cafe....| 127|   100   |    -    |    83   |    -
  Shop, commercial,   |    |         |         |         |
     store, (except   |    |         |         |         |
     grocery).........| 225|   100   |     2   |    78   |     6
  School (State,      |    |         |         |         |
     public, private).|  40|   100   |    -    |    28   |    10
                      |    |         |         |         |
Farm..................| 641|   100   |    47   |     5   |    32
  Farm buildings......|  66|   100   |     6   |     6   |    44
  Farm land under     |    |         |         |         |
     cultivation,     |    |         |         |         |
     fields, meadows..| 207|   100   |    66   |     3   |    23
                      |    |         |         |         |
Private residence(4)..| 231|   100   |     5   |    26   |    13
  Apartment...........|  50|   100   |    -    |    42   |    -
                      |    |         |         |         |
Mine, quarry..........| 104|   100   |    13   |    -    |    59
  Mine................|  48|   100   |     8   |    -    |    73
                      |    |         |         |         |
Place for recreation  |    |         |         |         |
   and sport..........|  71|   100   |    23   |    13   |    10
  Recreational and    |    |         |         |         |
     sports areas, nec|  40|   100   |    28   |     8   |     8
                      |    |         |         |         |
Residential           |    |         |         |         |
   institution(5).....|  37|   100   |    -    |    46   |    22
                      |    |         |         |         |
Unspecified place.....|  94|   100   |    19   |    19   |    14
___________________________________________________________________
See footnotes at end of table.
 
 
Table 5.  Number and percent distribution of fatal
occupational injuries by location of incident and
event or exposure, 1993 - Continued
____________________________________________________
                      |
                      |     Event or exposure(1)
                       _____________________________
                      |
                      |         | Exposure|
                      |         |    to   |
       Location       |         | harmful |Fires and
                      |  Falls  |   sub-  |explosio-
                      |         | stances |    ns
                      |         |    or   |
                      |         | environ-|
                      |         |  ments  |
____________________________________________________
                      |         |         |
  Office building.....|     9   |    11   |     2
  Restaurant, cafe....|     4   |     9   |     2
  Shop, commercial,   |         |         |
     store, (except   |         |         |
     grocery).........|     6   |     2   |     6
  School (State,      |         |         |
     public, private).|    32   |    15   |    10
                      |         |         |
Farm..................|     5   |     9   |     1
  Farm buildings......|    23   |    18   |    -
  Farm land under     |         |         |
     cultivation,     |         |         |
     fields, meadows..|     2   |     5   |    -
                      |         |         |
Private residence(4)..|    28   |    20   |     7
  Apartment...........|    28   |    18   |     8
                      |         |         |
Mine, quarry..........|     8   |    13   |     4
  Mine................|    -    |    10   |    -
                      |         |         |
Place for recreation  |         |         |
   and sport..........|    17   |    37   |    -
  Recreational and    |         |         |
     sports areas, nec|    18   |    38   |    -
                      |         |         |
Residential           |         |         |
   institution(5).....|     8   |     8   |    11
                      |         |         |
Unspecified place.....|    17   |    18   |     4
____________________________________________________
  1 Based on the 1990 Occupational Classification
System developed by the Bureau of the Census.
  2 Primarily includes outdoor areas such as bodies
of water, woods, noncultivated fields, and parking
lots.
 
 
  3 Buildings and adjacent grounds used by the
general public or a particular group, such as
hotels, restaurants, stores, office buildings,
courthouses, and schools.
  4 These fatalities primarily occurred to repair or
maintenance workers or to police while on duty.
  5 Includes children's home, dormitory, hospital,
jail, nursing home, and reform school.
 
  NOTE:  Totals for major categories may include
  subcategories not shown separately.  Percentages
may not add to totals because of rounding.  Dashes
indicate data that are not available or do not meet
publication criteria.
 
  SOURCE:  Bureau of Labor Statistics, U.S.
Department of Labor, in cooperation with state and
federal agencies, Census of Fatal Occupational
Injuries, 1993.