U.S. IMPORT AND EXPORT PRICE INDEXES – DECEMBER 2016 

Prices for U.S. imports rose 0.4 percent in December, the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today, 

after a 0.2-percent decline the previous month. The advance in December was primarily driven by higher 

fuel prices which more than offset lower nonfuel prices. U.S. export prices advanced in December, rising 

0.3 percent following a 0.1-percent decrease in November. 

Chart 1. One-month percent change in the Import Price Index: December 2015 – December 2016 

 Percent change 

Chart 2. 12-month percent change in the Import Price Index: December 2015 – December 2016 

 Percent change 

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Transmission of material in this release is embargoed until 

8:30 a.m. (EST) Thursday, January 12, 2017 

Technical information: (202) 691-7101 • MXPinfo@bls.gov • www.bls.gov/mxp 

Media contact: (202) 691-5902 • PressOffice@bls.gov 

USDL-17-0034
2

All Imports: Import prices resumed an upward trend in December, rising 0.4 percent following a 0.2-

percent decline in November. Prices for overall imports advanced 1.8 percent between December 2015 and 

December 2016, the largest 12-month increase since the index rose 3.5 percent in March 2012. The increase 

in 2016 was the first calendar-year advance since import prices rose 8.5 percent in 2011. 

Fuel Imports: Prices for import fuel advanced 7.3 percent in December, the largest monthly increase since 

the index rose 10.5 percent in June. The December increase was primarily led by a 7.9-percent advance in 

petroleum prices. Natural gas prices also rose in December, increasing 2.2 percent. The price index for 

import fuel advanced 25.0 percent in 2016 following a 41.0-percent drop the previous year. The 2016 

increase was the first year that fuel prices rose since a 24.9-percent rise in 2011, and the largest calendaryear advance since a 62.2-percent jump in 2009. 

All Imports Excluding Fuel: The price index for nonfuel imports declined for the third consecutive month 

in December, falling 0.2 percent. The December drop matched a 0.2-percent decline in June and those were 

the largest drops since the index decreased 0.3 percent in December 2015. In December 2016, the decrease 

was led by lower prices for foods, feeds, and beverages as well as each of the finished goods areas. In 

contrast, nonfuel industrial supplies and materials prices rose. Nonfuel import prices edged down 0.1 

percent in 2016 following a 3.4-percent drop the previous year. 

 

Table A. Percent change in Import and Export Price Indexes, selected categories 
3

Chart 3. One-month percent change in the Export Price Index: December 2015 – December 2016 

 Percent change 

Chart 4. 12-month percent change in the Export Price Index: December 2015 – December 2016 

 Percent change

All Exports: Export prices advanced 0.3 percent in December matching the 0.3-percent rise in September; 

those were the largest increases for the index since a 0.8-percent rise in June. In December, higher 

nonagricultural prices more than offset declining agricultural prices. Prices for overall exports rose 1.1 

percent for the year ended in December, the first 12-month increase since the index advanced 0.4 percent in 

August 2014 and the largest over-the-year rise since a 1.5-percent increase in February 2013. 

Agricultural Exports: Prices for agricultural exports decreased 0.3 percent in December following a 0.6-

percent increase in November and a 0.5-percent advance in October. The December drop was led by an 8.0-

percent decline in vegetable prices and a 4.9-percent fall in fruit prices. The price index for agricultural 

exports declined 0.5 percent in 2016, after decreasing 12.9 percent in 2015. Agricultural prices have not 

recorded a calendar-year advance since the index rose 13.4 percent in 2012. 

All Exports Excluding Agriculture: Nonagricultural prices increased 0.4 percent in December, after 

edging down 0.1 percent in November. The December increase was driven by higher prices for 

nonagricultural industrial supplies and materials which more than offset lower finished goods prices. The 

price index for nonagricultural exports increased 1.3 percent in 2016, the first calendar-year advance since 

the index rose 4.0 percent in 2011. 

 

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4

SELECTED DECEMBER HIGHLIGHTS 

Import Prices 

Imports by Locality of Origin: Import prices from China recorded no change in December. The price 

index for imports from China declined 1.7 percent in 2016, the same decrease recorded in 2015; those are 

the largest calendar-year drops since the index fell 1.8 percent in 2009. Prices for imports from Japan also 

recorded no change in December, but in contrast to import prices from China, increased over the past year. 

The price index for imports from Japan rose 1.5 percent in 2016, the first calendar-year advance since a 0.7-

percent rise in 2012 and the largest since a 2.3-percent increase in 2011. Prices for imports from Canada and 

Mexico each rose in December, up 2.3 percent and 0.3 percent, respectively. Import prices from the 

European Union fell 0.2 percent in December. 

Nonfuel Industrial Supplies and Materials: The price index for nonfuel industrial supplies and materials 

advanced 0.6 percent in December, after recording no change in November. The December advance was led 

by higher prices for steelmaking materials, chemicals, and industrial agricultural products. 

 

Finished Goods: Each of the major finished goods price indexes decreased in December. Consumer goods 

prices declined 0.3 percent for the second consecutive month, and decreased 1.0 percent in 2016. The 2016 

decline was the largest calendar-year decrease since consumer goods prices fell 1.2 percent in 2000. Prices 

for capital goods declined 0.2 percent in December and automotive vehicles prices edged down 0.1 percent. 

 

Foods, Feeds, and Beverages: The price index for foods, feeds, and beverages declined 1.4 percent in 

December, after a 1.3-percent increase the previous month. The downturn was led by lower fruit prices 

which had contributed to the advance in November. 

Transportation Services: Import air passenger fares advanced 1.3 percent in December following a 2.7-

percent drop the previous month. The December increase was driven by a 17.4-percent rise in Asian fares 

and an 8.3-percent advance in Latin American/Caribbean fares which more than offset falling European 

fares. Import air passenger fares declined for the second consecutive year, dropping 4.2 percent in 2016, 

after decreasing 9.9 percent in 2015. Prices for import air freight fell 0.7 percent in December and 0.9 

percent over the past 12 months. 

Export Prices 

Nonagricultural Industrial Supplies and Materials: Nonagricultural industrial supplies and materials 

prices rose 2.0 percent in December, led by a 7.7-percent increase in export fuel prices. 

 

Finished Goods: Export finished goods prices declined overall in December. Prices for consumer goods fell 

1.0 percent, the largest monthly decline since the index fell 1.4 percent in June 1991. Prices for automotive 

vehicles declined 0.2 percent. Capital goods prices recorded no change in December. Over the past year, the 

price indexes for consumer goods and automotive vehicles decreased 2.5 percent and 0.8 percent, 

respectively, in each case the largest calendar-year decline since the indexes were first published. 

Transportation Services: Export air passenger fares rose 7.7 percent in December following a 4.1-percent 

rise in November and a 2.5-percent advance in October. In December, European, Asian, and Latin 

American/Caribbean fares all increased. Overall export air passenger fares advanced 4.6 percent in 2016, 

after decreasing 14.6 percent the previous year. The price index for export air freight rose 0.2 percent in 

December; despite the advance, prices for export air freight fell 1.0 percent over the past 12 months. 

 

Import and Export Price Index data for January 2017 are scheduled for release on Friday, February 10, 2017 

at 8:30 a.m. (EST). 
Table 1. U.S. import price indexes and percent changes for selected categories of goods: December 2015 to

December 2016

[2000=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description End Use

Relative

importance

Nov.

20161

Index Percent change

Nov.

2016

Dec.

2016

Annual Monthly

Dec.

2015 to

Dec.

2016

Aug.

2016 to

Sept.

2016

Sept.

2016 to

Oct.

2016

Oct.

2016 to

Nov.

2016

Nov.

2016 to

Dec.

2016

All commodities................................... 100.000 120.9 121.4 1.8 0.1 0.4 -0.2 0.4

All imports excluding food and fuels (Dec.

2010=100)........................................ 85.003 98.0 97.9 -0.4 -0.1 -0.1 -0.1 -0.1

All imports excluding petroleum.............. 92.097 111.0 110.8 0.0 0.1 -0.2 0.0 -0.2

All imports excluding fuels (Dec.

2001=100)........................................ 91.413 115.0 114.8 -0.1 0.0 -0.1 -0.1 -0.2

Foods, feeds, & beverages................... 0 6.410 181.9 179.4 4.1 0.4 -0.7 1.3 -1.4

Agricultural foods, feeds & beverages,

excluding distilled beverages............. 00 4.981 200.1 196.6 3.4 0.4 -1.0 1.6 -1.7

Nonagricultural foods (fish, distilled

beverages).................................. 01 1.429 140.9 140.5 6.2 0.8 0.5 0.2 -0.3

Industrial supplies & materials.............. 1 22.018 158.6 163.7 10.5 0.1 2.1 -0.9 3.2

Industrial supplies & materials excluding

petroleum.................................... 14.114 141.5 142.4 2.9 -0.3 -0.8 0.4 0.6

Industrial supplies & materials excluding

fuels (Dec. 2001=100)..................... 13.430 160.0 161.0 2.4 -0.7 -0.6 0.0 0.6

Industrial supplies & materials, durable. . .. 8.195 149.6 150.5 4.9 -0.9 -1.2 0.1 0.6

Industrial supplies & materials nondurable

excluding petroleum....................... 5.236 131.1 132.2 0.3 0.5 -0.2 0.5 0.8

Fuels & lubricants............................. 10 8.588 158.0 169.6 25.0 1.3 6.5 -2.2 7.3

Petroleum & petroleum products......... 100 7.904 169.2 182.5 26.2 0.9 7.5 -3.0 7.9

Crude........................................ 10000 5.612 168.4 187.1 33.7 -0.4 8.1 -5.4 11.1

Fuels, n.e.s.-coals & gas.................. 101 0.516 102.5 104.5 16.9 9.2 -3.8 9.3 2.0

Gas-natural.................................. 10110 0.424 86.9 88.8 24.0 11.5 -4.6 10.8 2.2

Paper & paper base stocks.................. 11 0.559 104.4 105.6 -2.6 -1.1 -0.8 -0.6 1.1

Materials associated with nondurable

supplies & materials....................... 12 4.742 149.4 150.2 -1.1 -0.1 0.5 -0.2 0.5

Selected building materials.................. 13 1.293 136.5 137.4 2.3 -0.3 -0.1 -0.6 0.7

Unfinished metals related to durable

goods........................................ 14 3.475 197.1 199.1 12.4 -1.7 -2.1 0.7 1.0

Finished metals related to durable

goods........................................ 15 1.665 143.7 143.8 -1.2 -0.8 -1.3 0.1 0.1

Nonmetals related to durable goods. . . . . .. 16 1.696 107.5 107.8 -0.6 0.3 -0.1 -0.4 0.3

Capital goods................................... 2 28.315 88.7 88.5 -1.4 0.1 -0.2 -0.1 -0.2

Electric generating equipment............... 20 3.453 116.0 116.2 -0.3 0.0 -0.1 0.2 0.2

Nonelectrical machinery...................... 21 22.170 81.1 80.9 -1.7 0.1 -0.2 -0.2 -0.2

Transportation equipment excluding motor

vehicles (Dec. 2001=100)................. 22 2.692 136.3 136.2 -0.6 -0.1 0.0 0.0 -0.1

Automotive vehicles, parts & engines..... 3 16.107 110.6 110.5 0.0 0.1 0.3 -0.1 -0.1

Consumer goods, excluding

automotives.................................. 4 27.151 106.4 106.1 -1.0 0.0 0.1 -0.3 -0.3

Nondurables, manufactured................. 40 12.979 119.3 119.3 0.0 -0.1 -0.1 0.1 0.0

Durables, manufactured...................... 41 12.688 93.7 93.4 -1.7 -0.1 0.3 -0.5 -0.3

Nonmanufactured consumer goods. . . . . . .. 42 1.484 118.4 115.5 -4.0 0.4 0.1 -0.2 -2.4

1 Relative importance figures are based on 2014 trade values.

NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication.

Dash = Not available

5
Table 2. U.S. export price indexes and percent changes for selected categories of goods: December 2015 to

December 2016

[2000=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description End Use

Relative

importance

Nov.

20161

Index Percent change

Nov.

2016

Dec.

2016

Annual Monthly

Dec.

2015 to

Dec.

2016

Aug.

2016 to

Sept.

2016

Sept.

2016 to

Oct.

2016

Oct.

2016 to

Nov.

2016

Nov.

2016 to

Dec.

2016

All commodities................................... 100.000 120.7 121.1 1.1 0.3 0.2 -0.1 0.3

Agricultural commodities....................... 9.022 175.3 174.8 -0.5 -1.0 0.5 0.6 -0.3

All exports excluding food and fuels (Dec.

2010=100)........................................ 84.430 98.3 98.1 -0.1 0.0 -0.2 0.1 -0.2

Nonagricultural commodities.................. 90.978 116.6 117.1 1.3 0.5 0.2 -0.1 0.4

Foods, feeds, & beverages................... 0 8.463 177.2 176.2 -0.6 -0.8 0.5 0.7 -0.6

Agricultural foods, feeds & beverages,

excluding distilled beverages............. 00 7.762 176.7 175.9 -0.9 -1.1 0.5 0.9 -0.5

Nonagricultural foods (fish, distilled

beverages).................................. 01 0.701 191.9 186.8 2.5 2.9 0.2 -0.7 -2.7

Industrial supplies & materials.............. 1 29.231 142.8 145.6 6.0 1.3 0.9 -0.3 2.0

Industrial supplies & materials, durable. . .. 10.745 155.0 154.6 4.7 0.0 -0.8 1.0 -0.3

Industrial supplies & materials,

nondurable.................................. 18.487 137.1 141.6 6.7 2.0 2.0 -1.0 3.3

Agricultural industrial supplies &

materials..................................... 10 1.260 172.0 172.9 1.8 -0.3 0.8 -1.3 0.5

Nonagricultural industrial supplies &

materials...................................... 27.971 141.8 144.7 6.1 1.4 0.9 -0.3 2.0

Fuels & lubricants............................. 11 7.107 151.4 163.1 19.1 5.9 5.1 -2.9 7.7

Nonagricultural supplies & materials

excluding fuels & building materials. . . .. 12 19.816 149.7 149.8 2.0 -0.1 -0.5 0.7 0.1

Selected building materials.................. 13 1.048 117.0 117.9 3.0 0.8 -0.2 0.3 0.8

Capital goods................................... 2 38.824 106.7 106.7 -0.2 0.0 -0.1 0.0 0.0

Electrical generating equipment............. 20 3.944 111.8 111.7 -0.5 -0.3 -0.1 -0.1 -0.1

Nonelectrical machinery...................... 21 26.137 93.7 93.6 -1.0 0.0 -0.1 0.0 -0.1

Transportation equipment excluding motor

vehicles (Dec. 2001=100)................. 22 8.743 164.9 165.1 2.0 0.1 0.1 -0.1 0.1

Automotive vehicles, parts & engines..... 3 10.674 112.8 112.6 -0.8 0.1 0.1 0.0 -0.2

Consumer goods, excluding

automotives.................................. 4 12.808 109.8 108.7 -2.5 0.2 -0.5 -0.2 -1.0

Nondurables, manufactured................. 40 5.829 105.9 105.2 -1.9 0.2 -0.5 -0.3 -0.7

Durables, manufactured...................... 41 5.354 107.2 106.9 -2.4 0.1 -0.7 0.0 -0.3

1 Relative importance figures are based on 2014 trade values.

NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication.

Dash = Not available

6
Table 3. U.S. import price indexes and percent changes for selected categories of goods: December 2015 to

December 2016

[December 2005=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description NAICS

Relative

importance

Nov.

20161

Index Percent change

Nov.

2016

Dec.

2016

Annual Monthly

Dec.

2015 to

Dec.

2016

Aug.

2016 to

Sept.

2016

Sept.

2016 to

Oct.

2016

Oct.

2016 to

Nov.

2016

Nov.

2016 to

Dec.

2016

Nonmanufacturing................................ 8.501 88.0 94.1 23.7 0.6 5.0 -2.7 6.9

Agriculture, forestry, fishing and

hunting........................................ 11 2.156 187.0 182.3 3.1 1.5 -1.8 2.4 -2.5

Crop production............................... 111 1.790 206.1 196.7 2.6 2.2 -2.1 3.0 -4.6

Animal production (Dec. 2014=100)........ 112 0.184 70.8 73.6 -4.5 -4.2 -4.7 -1.9 4.0

Mining............................................ 21 6.345 76.0 83.7 31.6 0.3 7.3 -4.2 10.1

Mining (except oil and gas) (Dec.

2006=100)................................... 212 0.240 95.7 96.8 -0.6 0.7 0.3 0.1 1.1

Manufacturing..................................... 91.192 108.9 108.8 -0.2 0.0 0.1 -0.1 -0.1

Manufacturing, part 1......................... 31 12.180 123.9 123.9 0.9 0.2 0.0 0.1 0.0

Food manufacturing.......................... 311 3.521 154.3 154.5 4.9 0.4 -0.1 0.5 0.1

Beverage and tobacco product

manufacturing............................... 312 1.088 118.0 118.0 0.2 0.2 0.3 -0.3 0.0

Textile mills (Dec. 2011=100)............... 313 0.401 97.9 97.7 -1.7 0.1 -0.1 0.2 -0.2

Textile product mills.......................... 314 0.895 109.0 108.8 -1.8 0.1 0.0 0.0 -0.2

Apparel manufacturing....................... 315 4.359 111.2 111.2 -0.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Leather and allied product

manufacturing............................... 316 1.915 123.0 123.0 -1.1 -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0

Manufacturing, part 2......................... 32 16.879 116.6 116.6 0.5 0.3 0.5 0.6 0.0

Wood product manufacturing................ 321 0.783 114.8 116.2 4.9 -0.5 0.0 -0.8 1.2

Paper manufacturing......................... 322 1.058 103.8 104.5 -1.3 -0.8 -0.5 -0.2 0.7

Petroleum and coal products

manufacturing............................... 324 2.134 80.3 79.8 7.4 4.4 5.0 3.6 -0.6

Chemical manufacturing..................... 325 9.394 130.1 130.3 -0.6 -0.2 0.1 0.2 0.2

Plastics and rubber products

manufacturing............................... 326 2.274 117.4 116.8 -1.3 -0.1 -0.3 0.1 -0.5

Nonmetallic mineral product

manufacturing............................... 327 1.029 129.2 128.9 -1.2 0.0 0.0 -0.1 -0.2

Manufacturing, part 3......................... 33 62.133 103.2 103.0 -0.5 0.0 -0.1 -0.2 -0.2

Primary metal manufacturing................ 331 4.213 130.3 131.5 9.1 -1.9 -1.7 0.4 0.9

Fabricated metal product manufacturing... 332 3.085 121.5 121.3 -2.1 0.0 -0.3 -0.2 -0.2

Machinery manufacturing.................... 333 7.682 116.3 116.1 -1.4 0.2 0.0 -0.2 -0.2

Computer and electronic product

manufacturing............................... 334 17.850 75.8 75.8 -1.9 0.1 -0.1 -0.5 0.0

Electrical equipment, appliance, and

component manufacturing................. 335 4.838 114.9 114.9 -1.0 0.1 0.4 -0.1 0.0

Transportation equipment manufacturing... 336 17.315 109.8 109.7 0.1 0.1 0.3 -0.1 -0.1

Furniture and related product

manufacturing............................... 337 1.653 114.5 114.4 -0.6 0.0 0.0 -0.3 -0.1

Miscellaneous manufacturing............... 339 5.497 119.1 117.7 -1.0 -0.2 -0.4 -0.2 -1.2

1 Relative importance figures are based on 2014 trade values.

NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication.

Dash = Not available

7
Table 4. U.S. export price indexes and percent changes for selected categories of goods: December 2015 to

December 2016

[December 2005=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description NAICS

Relative

importance

Nov.

20161

Index Percent change

Nov.

2016

Dec.

2016

Annual Monthly

Dec.

2015 to

Dec.

2016

Aug.

2016 to

Sept.

2016

Sept.

2016 to

Oct.

2016

Oct.

2016 to

Nov.

2016

Nov.

2016 to

Dec.

2016

Nonmanufacturing................................ 6.935 122.5 132.1 10.2 0.1 0.6 -0.3 7.8

Agriculture, forestry, fishing and

hunting........................................ 11 4.587 152.5 151.6 -1.7 -0.9 1.1 1.2 -0.6

Crop production............................... 111 4.304 158.8 158.2 -1.0 -1.5 1.1 1.4 -0.4

Mining............................................ 21 2.348 67.0 83.3 35.9 2.1 -0.3 -3.3 24.3

Mining (except oil and gas).................. 212 1.296 89.3 94.3 22.2 1.3 4.4 6.4 5.6

Manufacturing..................................... 91.707 111.4 111.5 0.7 0.3 0.2 -0.1 0.1

Manufacturing, part 1......................... 31 6.756 135.0 135.2 1.2 -0.4 -0.3 -0.1 0.1

Food manufacturing.......................... 311 4.559 152.4 152.8 2.3 -0.5 -0.2 0.3 0.3

Beverage and tobacco product

manufacturing............................... 312 0.618 108.0 108.2 0.8 -0.7 -0.8 -3.6 0.2

Manufacturing, part 2......................... 32 23.311 106.4 107.8 3.1 1.4 1.3 -0.7 1.3

Paper manufacturing......................... 322 1.687 117.9 118.3 -3.2 -0.2 -1.2 -0.8 0.3

Printing and related support activities

(Dec. 2015=100)........................... 323 0.268 100.0 100.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Petroleum and coal products

manufacturing............................... 324 4.656 88.9 94.8 22.3 7.5 7.7 -3.7 6.6

Chemical manufacturing..................... 325 12.960 114.2 114.3 -0.5 0.0 0.1 0.3 0.1

Plastics and rubber products

manufacturing............................... 326 2.351 113.8 113.4 -2.7 0.1 -0.6 0.2 -0.4

Nonmetallic mineral product

manufacturing............................... 327 0.865 112.7 112.4 -0.3 0.2 -0.3 0.1 -0.3

Manufacturing, part 3......................... 33 61.640 111.0 110.6 -0.3 0.0 -0.2 0.0 -0.4

Primary metal manufacturing................ 331 4.314 136.3 132.9 4.4 -0.3 -1.8 0.7 -2.5

Fabricated metal product manufacturing... 332 3.295 130.4 130.2 0.3 0.0 -0.1 0.0 -0.2

Machinery manufacturing.................... 333 11.573 125.8 125.6 0.4 -0.1 0.1 -0.2 -0.2

Computer and electronic product

manufacturing............................... 334 14.299 82.9 82.8 -2.2 -0.1 -0.5 0.1 -0.1

Electrical equipment, appliance, and

component manufacturing................. 335 3.816 112.0 112.0 -0.4 0.0 -0.1 0.0 0.0

Transportation equipment manufacturing... 336 18.338 122.3 122.2 0.5 0.1 0.2 0.0 -0.1

Furniture and related product

manufacturing (Dec. 2011=100).......... 337 0.418 118.0 117.3 6.4 0.2 0.1 0.0 -0.6

Miscellaneous manufacturing............... 339 5.586 119.7 117.8 -3.5 0.1 -0.1 0.1 -1.6

1 Relative importance figures are based on 2014 trade values.

NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication.

Dash = Not available

8
Table 5. U.S. import price indexes and percent changes for selected categories of goods: December 2015 to

December 2016

[2000=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description

Harmonized

system

Relative

importance

Nov.

20161

Index Percent change

Nov.

2016

Dec.

2016

Annual Monthly

Dec.

2015 to

Dec.

2016

Aug.

2016 to

Sept.

2016

Sept.

2016 to

Oct.

2016

Oct.

2016 to

Nov.

2016

Nov.

2016 to

Dec.

2016

Live animals; animal products................. I 1.468 188.5 187.9 6.0 -0.2 -1.2 0.1 -0.3

Meat and edible meat offal..................... 02 0.386 237.3 234.4 7.2 -0.4 -1.8 1.3 -1.2

Fish and crustaceans, molluscs and other

aquatic invertebrates......................... 03 0.801 144.9 143.8 11.4 1.3 0.3 0.3 -0.8

Vegetable products............................... II 2.294 228.0 218.9 4.7 3.2 -1.0 2.7 -4.0

Edible vegetables, roots, and tubers.......... 07 0.534 485.2 490.7 -5.6 21.5 -4.3 -3.6 1.1

Edible fruit and nuts; peel of citrus fruit or

melons.......................................... 08 0.834 137.3 124.8 27.9 -4.0 0.2 7.8 -9.1

Coffee, tea, mate and spices.................. 09 0.387 244.9 233.8 1.1 0.6 -0.6 4.5 -4.5

Oilseeds & misc grains, seeds, plants, straw

& fodder (Dec. 2015=100)................... 12 0.161 99.1 89.7 -10.3 -7.9 2.1 2.1 -9.5

Animal or vegetable fats and oils (Dec.

2009=100)........................................ III 0.298 113.8 118.0 21.5 3.3 -0.8 3.5 3.7

Prepared foodstuffs, beverages, and

tobacco........................................... IV 2.771 160.3 160.9 1.1 -0.1 -0.1 -0.2 0.4

Sugars and sugar confectionary (Dec.

2012=100)..................................... 17 0.195 88.0 90.2 6.2 -0.2 0.5 0.9 2.5

Cocoa and cocoa preparations (Dec.

2009=100)..................................... 18 0.229 106.5 104.8 -9.3 1.4 -3.0 -4.1 -1.6

Preparations of cereals, flour, starch or milk;

bakers’ wares (Dec. 2007=100)............. 19 0.285 132.7 132.4 0.2 -0.1 0.0 -0.2 -0.2

Preparations of vegetables, fruit, nuts, or

other parts of plants.......................... 20 0.335 161.0 163.6 5.8 0.9 1.1 -0.2 1.6

Beverages, spirits, and vinegar................ 22 1.026 127.9 127.9 -0.1 0.1 0.2 -0.2 0.0

Mineral products.................................. V 8.620 157.4 168.9 24.2 1.1 6.6 -2.2 7.3

Mineral fuels, oils and residuals, bituminous

substances and mineral waxes............. 27 8.381 155.1 166.7 25.4 1.2 6.8 -2.3 7.5

Products of the chemical or allied

industries........................................ VI 8.777 145.6 146.0 -0.2 -0.2 -0.3 0.0 0.3

Inorganic chemicals............................. 28 0.535 249.7 254.7 -8.2 -1.1 -2.0 0.0 2.0

Organic chemicals............................... 29 2.374 120.4 121.4 -0.3 0.3 -0.3 -0.3 0.8

Pharmaceutical products....................... 30 3.801 140.4 140.4 1.2 -0.3 -0.1 -0.1 0.0

Fertilizers (Dec. 2009=100).................... 31 0.272 74.1 75.5 -18.4 -4.0 -0.4 5.6 1.9

Tanning extracts; dye, pigments, varnish,

paints & putty (Dec. 2011=100)............. 32 0.197 102.3 101.4 3.7 0.3 0.9 -0.2 -0.9

Miscellaneous chemical products............. 38 0.668 101.9 101.8 14.0 0.2 -0.1 0.1 -0.1

Plastics and articles thereof; rubber and

articles thereof.................................. VII 3.507 137.2 137.3 -0.3 0.0 0.4 -0.1 0.1

Plastics and articles thereof.................... 39 2.236 139.9 139.1 -2.0 0.1 0.3 -0.4 -0.6

Rubber and articles thereof.................... 40 1.271 133.9 135.6 2.9 -0.2 0.6 0.4 1.3

Raw hides, skins, leather, furskins, travel

goods, etc....................................... VIII 0.704 123.4 123.3 -2.8 0.0 0.0 0.1 -0.1

Articles of leather; travel goods, bags, etc.

of various materials........................... 42 0.671 128.7 128.6 -1.1 -0.1 0.1 0.0 -0.1

Wood, wood charcoal, cork, straw,

basketware and wickerwork................. IX 0.819 139.8 141.5 4.7 -0.4 -0.1 -0.8 1.2

Wood and articles of wood; wood charcoal

(Dec. 2014=100).............................. 44 0.794 96.1 97.2 4.7 -0.4 0.0 -0.8 1.1

Woodpulp, recovered paper, and paper

products......................................... X 1.141 108.8 109.8 -0.5 -0.5 -0.2 0.0 0.9

Paper and paperboard; articles of paper

pulp, paper or paperboard................... 48 0.774 103.6 103.6 -1.1 -0.3 -0.8 0.1 0.0

See footnotes at end of table.

9
Table 5. U.S. import price indexes and percent changes for selected categories of goods: December 2015 to

December 2016 — Continued

[2000=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description

Harmonized

system

Relative

importance

Nov.

20161

Index Percent change

Nov.

2016

Dec.

2016

Annual Monthly

Dec.

2015 to

Dec.

2016

Aug.

2016 to

Sept.

2016

Sept.

2016 to

Oct.

2016

Oct.

2016 to

Nov.

2016

Nov.

2016 to

Dec.

2016

Printed matter (Dec. 2015=100)............... 49 0.218 103.9 105.8 5.8 0.3 1.5 1.5 1.8

Textile and textile articles....................... XI 5.475 113.2 113.1 -0.5 0.1 -0.1 0.0 -0.1

Articles of apparel and clothing accessories,

knitted or crocheted.......................... 61 2.267 103.7 103.8 -0.2 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.1

Articles of apparel and clothing accessories,

not knitted or crocheted...................... 62 1.887 119.2 119.1 -0.3 -0.1 -0.2 -0.1 -0.1

Made-up or worn textile articles............... 63 0.635 103.5 103.4 -1.3 0.1 -0.1 0.2 -0.1

Headgear, umbrellas, artificial flowers,

etc................................................. XII 1.523 122.3 122.3 -0.9 -0.1 0.0 -0.1 0.0

Footwear and parts of such articles........... 64 1.299 121.4 121.4 -0.9 -0.1 0.0 -0.1 0.0

Stone, plaster, cement, asbestos,

ceramics, glass etc............................ XIII 0.955 130.8 130.4 -1.2 -0.1 -0.1 0.0 -0.3

Articles of stone, plaster, cement, asbestos,

or mica (Dec. 2015=100).................... 68 0.327 97.7 97.0 -3.0 -0.4 0.0 -0.1 -0.7

Ceramic products................................ 69 0.281 137.0 137.0 -0.8 0.1 -0.1 -0.1 0.0

Glass and glassware............................ 70 0.347 129.7 129.7 0.2 0.2 -0.1 -0.1 0.0

Pearls, stones, precious metals, imitation

jewelry, and coins.............................. XIV 3.113 172.9 165.0 3.4 -1.3 -2.2 0.1 -4.6

Base metals and articles of base metals. . .. XV 5.444 155.7 159.2 2.9 -0.6 -0.8 0.4 2.2

Iron and steel.................................... 72 1.316 167.8 175.9 11.6 -1.4 -2.6 0.1 4.8

Articles of iron or steel.......................... 73 1.689 136.1 136.1 -4.2 -0.6 -0.7 -0.1 0.0

Copper and articles thereof.................... 74 0.369 248.6 270.3 6.5 0.1 -1.1 3.9 8.7

Aluminum and articles thereof................. 76 0.726 121.4 122.0 0.5 -1.0 0.8 0.7 0.5

Tools, implements, cutlery, spoons and

forks, of base metal; parts thereof.......... 82 0.443 122.0 121.7 -3.3 0.1 -0.1 -0.2 -0.2

Miscellaneous articles of base metal. . . . . . . .. 83 0.521 135.2 135.0 -2.0 0.0 0.0 -1.0 -0.1

Machinery, electrical equipment, TV image

and sound recorders, parts, etc............. XVI 30.442 80.5 80.4 -1.6 0.1 0.0 -0.2 -0.1

Machinery and mechanical appliances;

parts thereof................................... 84 15.449 85.4 85.2 -1.7 0.2 -0.2 -0.2 -0.2

Electrical machinery and equip, sound and

TV recorders & reproducers, parts......... 85 14.993 75.8 75.8 -1.3 0.0 0.4 -0.4 0.0

Vehicles, aircraft, vessels and associated

transport equipment........................... XVII 14.383 114.2 114.0 -0.1 0.0 0.4 -0.1 -0.2

Motor vehicles and their parts................. 87 12.891 112.9 112.6 -0.1 0.1 0.4 -0.1 -0.3

Aircraft, spacecraft, and parts thereof (Dec.

2002=100)..................................... 88 1.416 118.9 118.9 -0.8 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0

Optical, photo, measuring, medical &

musical instruments; & timepieces. . . . . . .. XVIII 3.996 102.8 102.7 -0.2 -0.1 -0.3 -0.3 -0.1

Optical, photographic, measuring and

medical instruments.......................... 90 3.665 99.6 99.4 -0.4 -0.1 -0.3 -0.3 -0.2

Clocks and watches and parts thereof. . . . . .. 91 0.267 141.6 141.5 1.1 0.6 -0.1 -0.4 -0.1

Miscellaneous manufactured articles......... XX 4.181 111.7 111.6 -0.5 -0.1 -0.1 0.0 -0.1

Furniture & stuffed furnishings; lamps &

lighting fittings, nesoi; prefab bldgs......... 94 2.562 116.4 116.3 -0.3 0.1 0.1 -0.2 -0.1

Toys, games and sports equipment; parts

and accessories thereof...................... 95 1.347 103.3 103.4 -0.5 -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.1

Miscellaneous manufactured articles. . . . . . . .. 96 0.272 131.8 131.7 -1.6 -0.6 -1.7 0.0 -0.1

1 Relative importance figures are based on 2014 trade values.

NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication.

Dash = Not available

10
Table 6. U.S. export price indexes and percent changes for selected categories of goods: December 2015 to

December 2016

[2000=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description

Harmonized

system

Relative

importance

Nov.

20161

Index Percent change

Nov.

2016

Dec.

2016

Annual Monthly

Dec.

2015 to

Dec.

2016

Aug.

2016 to

Sept.

2016

Sept.

2016 to

Oct.

2016

Oct.

2016 to

Nov.

2016

Nov.

2016 to

Dec.

2016

Live animals; animal products................. I 1.779 192.1 193.0 6.0 1.5 0.4 0.1 0.5

Meat & edible meat offal (Dec. 2006=100)... 02 1.026 147.8 149.6 7.6 -0.9 0.3 0.6 1.2

Vegetable products............................... II 4.298 194.1 191.9 -2.3 -1.7 1.3 2.1 -1.1

Edible fruit and nuts; peel of citrus fruit or

melons.......................................... 08 0.912 151.6 145.8 -14.3 -2.1 7.0 -0.2 -3.8

Cereals............................................ 10 1.202 170.9 167.8 -9.5 -3.7 2.8 1.2 -1.8

Oilseeds and misc. grains, seeds, fruits,

plants, straw and fodder..................... 12 1.613 199.8 207.1 9.7 -2.0 -2.8 0.4 3.7

Prepared foodstuffs, beverages,and

tobacco........................................... IV 2.937 147.9 147.6 -0.6 -1.0 -0.4 -0.4 -0.2

Preparations of vegetables, fruit, nuts or

other parts of plants (Dec. 2009=100). . . .. 20 0.370 116.7 116.8 -1.8 0.0 -0.9 0.2 0.1

Beverages, spirits, and vinegar (Dec.

2008=100)..................................... 22 0.554 112.4 112.3 5.8 0.4 1.1 0.5 -0.1

Residues and waste from the food

industries; prepared animal feed............ 23 0.659 200.0 203.0 2.0 -3.4 -1.0 -2.8 1.5

Mineral products.................................. V 7.196 177.5 195.8 26.6 6.0 4.5 -1.2 10.3

Ores, slag and ash (Dec. 2012=100)......... 26 0.542 85.8 89.8 27.7 3.4 0.5 5.1 4.7

Mineral fuels, oils and residuals, bituminous

substances and mineral waxes............. 27 6.453 169.0 187.7 27.4 6.4 5.0 -1.8 11.1

Products of the chemical or allied

industries........................................ VI 10.723 136.1 136.2 -1.7 0.0 -0.1 0.1 0.1

Inorganic chemicals............................. 28 0.921 176.1 179.1 -2.6 -0.9 1.3 0.6 1.7

Organic chemicals............................... 29 2.477 134.1 133.7 -0.7 0.2 0.3 0.9 -0.3

Pharmaceutical products....................... 30 2.937 108.1 106.9 -2.1 0.4 -0.2 -0.6 -1.1

Tanning or dyeing extracts, dyes, paints

varnish, putty, & inks (Dec. 2015=100). . .. 32 0.537 97.5 97.9 -2.1 -0.2 -0.2 0.0 0.4

Essential oils and resinoids; perfumery

cosmetic or toilet preparations.............. 33 0.808 131.1 131.0 -3.3 0.0 -2.6 0.0 -0.1

Soap; lubricants; waxes, polishing or

scouring products; candles, pastes......... 34 0.514 116.2 116.0 3.3 0.1 0.4 -0.1 -0.2

Miscellaneous chemical products............. 38 1.848 147.1 149.9 0.9 -0.3 -0.2 0.6 1.9

Plastics and articles thereof; rubber and

articles thereof.................................. VII 5.109 137.2 136.8 0.2 0.4 0.1 0.3 -0.3

Plastics and articles thereof.................... 39 4.127 132.7 132.4 0.2 0.2 0.5 0.2 -0.2

Rubber and articles thereof.................... 40 0.982 156.4 155.5 0.3 0.6 -1.1 1.1 -0.6

Raw hides, skins, leather, furskins, travel

goods, etc........................................ VIII 0.332 121.1 121.2 0.5 0.7 0.3 0.6 0.1

Raw hides and skins other than furskins

and leather (Dec.2014=100)................. 41 0.198 70.5 70.5 2.3 0.3 0.7 1.4 0.0

Wood, wood charcoal, cork, straw, baskets

and wickerwork (Dec. 2014=100)............ IX 0.638 93.9 95.3 -1.0 0.9 -1.5 -1.3 1.5

Woodpulp, recovered paper, and paper

products......................................... X 2.145 123.0 124.0 1.7 -0.9 -0.2 0.3 0.8

Woodpulp and recovered paper............... 47 0.647 130.8 134.8 11.1 -3.0 -0.5 1.2 3.1

Paper and paperboard; articles of paper

pulp, paper or paperboard................... 48 1.117 118.5 118.3 -2.7 0.1 -0.3 -0.1 -0.2

Printed material (Dec. 2014=100)............. 49 0.381 100.6 100.6 0.2 0.0 0.2 0.0 0.0

Textile and textile articles....................... XI 1.702 119.4 119.7 -0.8 0.2 -0.3 -0.2 0.3

Cotton, including yarns and woven fabrics

thereof.......................................... 52 0.410 122.5 122.1 4.7 0.7 0.2 0.2 -0.3

See footnotes at end of table.

11
Table 6. U.S. export price indexes and percent changes for selected categories of goods: December 2015 to

December 2016 — Continued

[2000=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description

Harmonized

system

Relative

importance

Nov.

20161

Index Percent change

Nov.

2016

Dec.

2016

Annual Monthly

Dec.

2015 to

Dec.

2016

Aug.

2016 to

Sept.

2016

Sept.

2016 to

Oct.

2016

Oct.

2016 to

Nov.

2016

Nov.

2016 to

Dec.

2016

Stone, plaster, cement, asbestos,

ceramics, glass etc............................ XIII 0.868 123.1 122.9 0.2 0.0 -0.1 0.1 -0.2

Articles of stone, plaster, cement, asbestos,

or mica (Dec. 2015=100).................... 68 0.295 101.3 101.3 1.3 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0

Glass and glassware............................ 70 0.439 99.8 99.6 0.3 0.0 0.0 0.1 -0.2

Pearls, stones, precious metals, imitation

jewelry, and coins.............................. XIV 4.466 235.9 223.6 2.5 -0.3 -2.1 0.2 -5.2

Base metals and articles of base metals. . .. XV 4.992 144.4 147.3 3.9 -0.2 -0.1 1.2 2.0

Iron and steel.................................... 72 1.013 143.6 151.6 10.1 -0.4 -1.4 2.1 5.6

Copper and articles thereof.................... 74 0.435 156.8 171.6 13.6 -3.0 1.9 2.8 9.4

Aluminum and articles thereof................. 76 0.787 106.3 106.8 3.1 0.0 -0.1 3.1 0.5

Tools, implements, cutlery, spoons and

forks, of base metal (Dec. 2015=100). . . .. 82 0.391 100.0 100.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Miscellaneous articles of base metal. . . . . . . .. 83 0.354 147.8 147.7 -0.4 0.1 0.0 0.0 -0.1

Machinery, electrical equipment, TV image

and sound recorders, parts, etc............. XVI 29.530 95.2 95.2 -1.0 -0.1 -0.2 0.0 0.0

Machinery and mechanical appliances;

parts thereof................................... 84 17.668 112.1 112.1 -0.6 -0.1 -0.1 -0.1 0.0

Electrical machinery and equipment and

parts and accessories thereof............... 85 11.862 77.0 76.9 -1.5 -0.1 -0.4 0.1 -0.1

Vehicles, aircraft, vessels and associated

transport equipment........................... XVII 15.160 131.8 131.7 0.6 0.1 0.3 -0.1 -0.1

Motor vehicles and their parts................. 87 9.195 114.7 114.5 -0.3 0.1 0.3 -0.1 -0.2

Optical, photo, measuring, medical &

musical instruments; & timepieces. . . . . . .. XVIII 6.173 106.0 105.6 -1.3 0.0 0.1 -0.1 -0.4

Miscellaneous manufactured articles......... XX 1.558 112.5 112.4 1.2 0.1 0.1 0.0 -0.1

Furniture; stuffed furnishings; lamps and

lighting fittings nesoi;......................... 94 0.938 128.6 128.3 3.3 0.2 0.1 0.0 -0.2

Toys, games and sports equipment; parts

and accessories thereof...................... 95 0.471 89.3 89.3 -0.9 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0

1 Relative importance figures are based on 2014 trade values.

NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication.

Dash = Not available

12
Table 7. U.S. import price indexes and percent changes by locality of origin: December 2015 to December 2016

[2000=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description

Relative

importance

Nov.

20161

Index Percent change

Nov.

2016

Dec.

2016

Annual Monthly

Dec. 2015

to Dec.

2016

Aug. 2016

to Sept.

2016

Sept. 2016

to Oct.

2016

Oct. 2016

to Nov.

2016

Nov. 2016

to Dec.

2016

Industrialized Countries2

.................... 100.000 117.3 118.0 2.2 0.1 0.4 -0.2 0.6

Nonmanufacturing........................... 7.560 122.8 133.3 24.6 -0.7 7.5 -3.9 8.6

Manufacturing................................ 92.005 116.4 116.3 0.4 0.2 -0.1 0.1 -0.1

Other Countries3

.............................. 100.000 118.2 119.5 1.8 0.2 0.5 -0.2 1.1

Nonmanufacturing........................... 9.011 180.5 196.7 25.8 0.9 4.3 -0.3 9.0

Manufacturing................................ 90.741 102.7 102.9 -0.4 0.0 0.2 -0.1 0.2

Canada.......................................... 100.000 119.7 122.4 7.1 0.1 1.7 -0.7 2.3

Nonmanufacturing........................... 21.604 117.4 127.9 26.0 -1.0 8.1 -3.8 8.9

Manufacturing................................ 77.645 124.3 124.7 2.2 0.4 0.2 0.1 0.3

European Union4

.............................. 100.000 131.4 131.2 -0.6 0.1 0.2 -0.1 -0.2

Manufacturing................................ 99.524 128.1 127.9 -0.6 0.2 0.2 0.0 -0.2

France (Dec. 2003=100)...................... 100.000 122.0 121.9 0.7 -0.3 0.0 0.0 -0.1

Germany (Dec. 2003=100)................... 100.000 112.1 111.7 -4.0 0.2 -0.6 -0.1 -0.4

United Kingdom (Dec. 2003=100).......... 100.000 117.6 117.5 -1.7 -0.5 -0.2 -0.3 -0.1

Latin America5

................................. 100.000 140.6 143.9 4.4 0.0 0.6 0.2 2.3

Nonmanufacturing........................... 17.168 205.7 224.1 27.9 1.9 3.9 0.0 8.9

Manufacturing................................ 82.346 119.4 120.7 0.3 -0.3 0.0 0.2 1.1

Mexico (Dec. 2003=100)...................... 100.000 126.2 126.6 0.6 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.3

Nonmanufacturing (Dec. 2008=100). . . . .. 9.320 118.0 119.7 23.8 0.5 -0.1 3.7 1.4

Manufacturing (Dec. 2008=100)........... 90.220 88.0 88.2 -1.3 0.0 0.0 -0.1 0.2

Pacific Rim (Dec. 2003=100)6

............... 100.000 98.4 98.3 -1.0 0.1 0.0 -0.2 -0.1

China (Dec. 2003=100)....................... 100.000 100.2 100.2 -1.7 -0.1 -0.1 -0.4 0.0

Japan............................................ 100.000 96.5 96.5 1.5 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.0

Asian NICs7

..................................... 100.000 84.3 84.4 -0.8 0.4 -0.1 0.0 0.1

ASEAN (Dec. 2003=100)8

.................... 100.000 97.1 97.4 -0.3 0.3 0.1 0.0 0.3

Asia Near East (Dec. 2003=100)9

........... 100.000 148.6 158.5 16.2 -0.4 3.3 0.3 6.7

1 Relative importance figures are based on 2014 trade values.

2 Western Europe, Canada, Japan, Australia, New Zealand and South Africa.

3 Eastern Europe, Latin America, OPEC countries, and other countries in Asia, Africa and the Western Hemisphere.

4 European Union countries.

5 Mexico, Central America, South America and the Caribbean.

6 China, Japan, Australia, Brunei, Indonesia, Macao, Malaysia, New Zealand, Papua New Guinea, Philippines and the Asian Newly Industrialized

Countries.

7 Asian Newly Industrialized Countries - Hong Kong, Singapore, South Korea and Taiwan.

8 Association of Southeast Asian Nations - Brunei, Cambodia, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, Philippines, Singapore, Thailand and Vietnam.

9 Bahrain, Iran, Iraq, Israel, Jordan, Kuwait, Lebanon, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Syria, United Arab Emirates and Yemen.

NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication.

Regions are not mutually exclusive.

Dash = Not available

13
Table 8. U.S. international price indexes and percent changes for selected transportation services: December

2015 to December 2016

[2000=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description

Relative

importance

Nov.

20161

Index Percent change

Nov.

2016

Dec.

2016

Annual Monthly

Dec.

2015 to

Dec.

2016

Aug.

2016 to

Sept.

2016

Sept.

2016 to

Oct. 2016

Oct. 2016

to Nov.

2016

Nov.

2016 to

Dec.

2016

Air Freight

Import Air Freight.................................... 100.000 161.8 160.6 -0.9 1.1 6.2 -0.3 -0.7

Europe (Dec. 2003=100).......................... 22.529 139.0 136.8 -2.6 1.8 0.2 0.3 -1.6

Asia.................................................. 64.358 148.1 147.3 -0.6 1.0 9.9 -0.6 -0.5

Export Air Freight................................... 100.000 154.6 154.9 -1.0 -0.3 1.0 0.0 0.2

Europe (Dec. 2006=100).......................... 37.554 145.5 145.9 -2.6 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.3

Inbound Air Freight................................. 100.000 152.6 153.9 0.9 0.8 4.5 0.3 0.9

Europe (Dec. 2003=100).......................... 27.096 135.0 133.1 -1.4 0.8 -0.4 0.1 -1.4

Asia.................................................. 59.124 139.4 142.4 2.6 1.0 8.0 0.4 2.2

Outbound Air Freight............................... 100.000 136.4 136.5 -5.4 0.1 0.1 -0.5 0.1

Europe (Dec. 2003=100).......................... 33.289 143.3 143.3 -9.2 1.0 0.0 -0.1 0.0

Asia.................................................. 43.172 128.6 128.7 -4.1 -0.2 0.4 -0.1 0.1

Air Passenger Fares

Import Air Passenger Fares....................... 100.000 183.9 186.2 -4.2 4.2 6.3 -2.7 1.3

Europe............................................... 45.335 218.0 196.5 -4.4 10.0 6.9 -1.2 -9.9

Asia.................................................. 21.377 124.7 146.4 -8.4 -5.6 4.8 -5.0 17.4

Latin America/Caribbean.......................... 9.786 161.8 175.3 2.8 -5.7 4.2 4.7 8.3

Export Air Passenger Fares....................... 100.000 156.2 168.3 4.6 -11.1 2.5 4.1 7.7

Europe............................................... 30.516 203.8 217.8 9.3 0.5 2.6 2.4 6.9

Asia.................................................. 28.031 134.7 141.2 1.3 -24.7 1.2 6.5 4.8

Latin America/Caribbean.......................... 23.312 162.9 171.1 5.0 -5.8 6.9 -1.0 5.0

1 Relative importance figures are based on 2014 trade values.

NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication.

Dash = Not available

14
15 

TECHNICAL NOTE

Import and Export Merchandise and Services Price Indexes - All indexes use a modified Laspeyres 

formula and are not seasonally adjusted. Price indexes are reweighted annually, with a 2-year lag in the 

weights. Published series use a base year of 2000=100 where possible. More detailed index series and 

additional information may be obtained at www.bls.gov/mxp or by calling (202) 691-7101. 

Merchandise Goods Classification Systems - The merchandise price indexes are published using three 

classification systems. Items are classified by end use according to the Bureau of Economic Analysis 

Classification System, by industry according to the North American Industry Classification System 

(NAICS), and by product category according to the Harmonized System (HS). While classification by 

end use and product category are self-explanatory, some notes are in order for classifying items by 

industry. In the NAICS imports and exports tables, items are classified by output industry, not input 

industry. As an example, NAICS import index 326 (plastics and rubber products manufacturing) include 

outputs such as manufactured plastic rather than inputs such as petroleum. The NAICS classification 

structure also matches the classification system used by the Producer Price Index (PPI) to produce the 

NAICS primary products indexes.

Import Price Indexes - Products have been classified by the Harmonized Tariff Schedule of the United 

States Annotated (TSUSA). Import prices are based on U.S. dollar prices paid by the U.S. importer. The 

prices are generally either "free on board" (f.o.b.) foreign port or "cost, insurance, and freight" (c.i.f.) 

U.S. port transaction prices, depending on the practices of the individual industry. The index for crude 

petroleum is calculated from data collected by the U.S. Department of Energy. 

Export Price Indexes - Products have been classified by the Harmonized Schedule B classification 

system of the U.S. Bureau of the Census. The prices used are generally either "free alongside ship" 

(f.a.s.) factory or "free on board" (f.o.b.) transaction prices, depending on the practices of the individual 

industry. Prices used in the grain index, excluding rice, are obtained from the U.S. Department of 

Agriculture. 

Services Price Indexes - Starting in September 2008, the import air passenger fares indexes represent 

changes in the average revenue per passenger received by foreign carriers from U.S. residents and are 

calculated from data obtained from an airline consulting service. These data include tickets sold by 

travel agencies and travel websites. Tickets sold directly by the airlines are excluded, as are frequent 

flyer tickets generally. Starting in January 2008, the export air passenger fares indexes represent changes 

in the average revenue per passenger received by U.S. carriers from foreign residents and are calculated 

from data collected directly from airlines. These data include frequent flyer tickets and those sold by 

consolidators. Taxes and fees are included in the import air passenger fares indexes and excluded from 

the export air passenger fares indexes. The air freight indexes are calculated from data collected directly 

from airlines. These data exclude mail and passenger baggage. The scope of the service being priced is 

the movement of freight from airport to airport only, and does not include any ground transportation or 

port service. The air freight indexes are presented using two definitions: balance of payments (which 

represent transactions between U.S. and foreign residents) and international (which represent 

transactions inbound to and outbound from the U.S.). Fact sheets specifying detailed information for 

each services industry are available at www.bls.gov/mxp under "MXP Publications."
16 

Import Indexes by Locality of Origin - Prices used in these indexes are a subset of the data collected 

for the import price indexes. Beginning with January 2002, the indexes are defined by locality of origin 

using a nomenclature based upon the North American Industry Classification System (NAICS). 

Nonmanufactured goods are defined as NAICS 11 and 21, and manufactured goods are defined as 

NAICS 31-33. 

Revision Policy - To reflect the availability of late reports and corrections by respondents, monthly data 

may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication. After 3 months, no further data 

revisions take place. For example, data first published in the January release will be subject to revision 

in the releases for February, March, and April. 

Uses of the Data - The primary use of the indexes is to deflate trade statistics, notably the foreign trade 

sector of the National Income and Product Accounts (NIPA) constructed by the Department of 

Commerce. Other published indexes are useful for general market analysis. For trade in international 

services, balance of payments indexes are used for deflating NIPA, while international indexes are more 

appropriate for market analysis. Merchandise and services indexes also can be used to study U.S. 

competitiveness and to compute price elasticities, and the merchandise import indexes by country or 

region of origin are useful in terms of trade analysis. 

Email Subscription - The U.S. import and export price indexes news release is available through an 

email subscription service at www.bls.gov/bls/list.htm. 

 

Additional Information - More detailed data are available on the Import/Export Price Indexes home 

page at www.bls.gov/mxp. For import and export price indexes data requests, send an email to 

mxpinfo@bls.gov. 

Information from this release will be made available to sensory impaired individuals upon request. 

Voice phone: (202)-691-5200; Federal Relay Service: 1-(800)-877-8339.