U.S. IMPORT AND EXPORT PRICE INDEXES – OCTOBER 2016 

U.S. import prices advanced 0.5 percent in October, the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today, after 

a 0.2-percent increase in September. The October increase was driven by higher fuel prices which more than 

offset declining nonfuel prices. The price index for U.S. exports increased 0.2 percent in October following 

a 0.3-percent advance the previous month. 

Chart 1. One-month percent change in the Import Price Index: October 2015 – October 2016 

 Percent change 

Chart 2. 12-month percent change in the Import Price Index: October 2015 – October 2016 

 Percent change 

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Transmission of material in this release is embargoed until 

8:30 a.m. (EST) Tuesday, November 15, 2016 

Technical information: (202) 691-7101 • MXPinfo@bls.gov • www.bls.gov/mxp 

Media contact: (202) 691-5902 • PressOffice@bls.gov 

USDL-16-2164
2

All Imports: Prices for U.S. imports rose for the second consecutive month, advancing 0.5 percent in 

October following a 0.2-percent advance the previous month. Import prices fell 0.2 percent in August, the 

only monthly decline since February. Despite trending up over most of 2016, import prices edged down 0.2 

percent for the year ended in October. 

Fuel Imports: The price index for import fuel rose 7.2 percent in October, after a 1.5-percent advance in 

September and monthly declines in August and July. Both petroleum and natural gas contributed to the 

overall October rise in fuel prices, increasing 7.5 percent and 6.5 percent, respectively. Import fuel prices 

rose 3.8 percent over the past year, the first 12-month advance for the index since a 2.9-percent increase in 

July 2014. The October 12-month increase was led by a 4.5-percent rise in petroleum prices which more 

than offset a 2.8-percent drop in natural gas prices. 

All Imports Excluding Fuel: In contrast, nonfuel prices fell 0.1 percent for the second consecutive month 

in October. The decline was driven by falling prices for nonfuel industrial supplies and materials; capital 

goods; and foods, feeds, and beverages which more than offset rising prices for automotive vehicles and 

consumer goods. The price index for nonfuel imports fell for the year ended in October, decreasing 0.4 

percent. Prices over the past 12 months declined across all categories except two; foods, feeds, and 

beverages rose 4.0 percent and automotive vehicles recorded no change. 

 

Table A. Percent change in Import and Export Price Indexes, selected categories 

 
3

Chart 3. One-month percent change in the Export Price Index: October 2015 – October 2016 

 Percent change 

Chart 4. 12-month percent change in the Export Price Index: October 2015 – October 2016 

 Percent change

All Exports: U.S. export prices increased 0.2 percent in October following a 0.3-percent advance in 

September. In October, higher agricultural and nonagricultural prices both contributed to the overall 

advance. Despite the recent increases, prices for U.S. exports fell over the past year, declining 1.1 percent. 

The over-the-year drop in export prices was the smallest 12-month decrease since the index fell 0.7 percent 

in October 2014. 

Agricultural Exports: The price index for agricultural exports increased 0.4 percent in October, after 

decreasing 4.9 percent over the previous 3 months. The upturn in October was led by increasing prices for 

fruit, nuts, and wheat, which rose 4.4 percent, 5.1 percent, and 4.0 percent, respectively. Those increases 

more than offset a 3.1-percent drop in soybean prices which fell for the third consecutive month. Overall 

agricultural prices declined 3.0 percent for the year ended in October. 

All Exports Excluding Agriculture: Nonagricultural prices increased 0.2 percent in October following a 

0.4-percent rise the previous month. In October, higher prices for nonagricultural industrial supplies and 

materials and automotive vehicles more than offset falling prices for consumer goods and capital goods. 

Prices for nonagricultural exports declined 0.8 percent between October 2015 and October 2016. 

 

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SELECTED OCTOBER HIGHLIGHTS 

Import Prices 

Imports by Locality of Origin: Import prices from China recorded no change in October and declined 1.6 

percent over the past year. Prices for imports from China have fallen or recorded no change on a monthly 

basis since December 2014 and on a 12-month basis since October 2014. The price index for imports from 

Japan continued a 4-month upward trend in October, rising 0.2 percent. Import prices from Japan rose 1.2 

percent over the past 12 months, the largest over-the-year increase since September 2012. Price indexes rose 

in October for other major trading partners. Prices for imports from Canada rose 1.4 percent, driven by 

higher fuel prices. The price index for imports from the European Union advanced 0.2 percent and import 

prices from Mexico increased 0.1 percent. 

Nonfuel Industrial Supplies and Materials: Prices for nonfuel industrial supplies and materials declined 

0.7 percent for the second consecutive month in October. Lower prices for unfinished metals were the 

primary contributor to the monthly decreases in both October and September. 

 

Finished Goods: Finished goods prices were mixed in October. Prices for automotive vehicles rose 0.3 

percent, matching the largest 1-month advance since the index rose 0.7 percent in April 2012. Consumer 

goods also increased, ticking up 0.1 percent. In contrast, capital goods prices fell 0.2 percent driven by a 

1.2-percent drop in computer prices. 

 

Foods, Feeds, and Beverages: Foods, feeds, and beverages prices decreased 0.6 percent in October, led by 

a 3.8-percent decline in vegetable prices and a 2.7-percent drop in meat prices. 

Transportation Services: Import air passenger fares rose 6.3 percent in October following a 4.2-percent 

rise the previous month. Higher European, Asian, and Latin American/Caribbean fares contributed to the 

overall October increase. Import air passenger fares advanced 0.2 percent for the year ended in October. The 

price index for import air freight increased 4.0 percent in October and fell 4.2 percent over the past year. 

The October advance was the largest monthly rise since the index increased 5.0 percent in October 2015. 

Export Prices 

Nonagricultural Industrial Supplies and Materials: Prices for nonagricultural industrial supplies and 

materials increased 0.9 percent in October, after rising 1.3 percent the previous month. Both increases were 

led by higher fuel prices which increased 5.3 percent in October and 5.9 percent in September. 

 

Finished Goods: Export consumer goods prices fell 0.7 percent in October, the largest drop since the index 

declined 0.8 percent in January. Capital goods prices also decreased in October, edging down 0.1 percent. 

Automotive vehicle prices advanced 0.2 percent which was largely attributable to year-end model 

changeovers. 

Transportation Services: Export air passenger fares increased 1.9 percent in October following an 11.1-

percent decline the previous month. The index for export air passenger fares fell 3.6 percent over the past 12 

months, driven by a 5.7-percent drop in Asian fares and a 3.6-percent decline in European fares. Prices for 

export air freight rose 0.7 percent in October and decreased 1.1 percent over the past year. 

 

Import and Export Price Index data for November 2016 are scheduled for release on Tuesday, December 13, 

2016 at 8:30 a.m. (EST). 
Table 1. U.S. import price indexes and percent changes for selected categories of goods: October 2015 to

October 2016

[2000=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description End Use

Relative

importance

Sept.

20161

Index Percent change

Sept.

2016

Oct.

2016

Annual Monthly

Oct.

2015 to

Oct.

2016

June

2016 to

July

2016

July

2016 to

Aug.

2016

Aug.

2016 to

Sept.

2016

Sept.

2016 to

Oct.

2016

All commodities................................... 100.000 120.7 121.3 -0.2 0.1 -0.2 0.2 0.5

All imports excluding food and fuels (Dec.

2010=100)........................................ 85.347 98.2 98.1 -0.7 0.2 0.0 -0.1 -0.1

All imports excluding petroleum.............. 92.353 111.1 111.0 -0.4 0.5 0.1 0.0 -0.1

All imports excluding fuels (Dec.

2001=100)........................................ 91.727 115.2 115.1 -0.4 0.3 0.1 -0.1 -0.1

Foods, feeds, & beverages................... 0 6.380 180.8 179.8 4.0 3.1 1.4 0.4 -0.6

Agricultural foods, feeds & beverages,

excluding distilled beverages............. 00 4.956 198.8 197.1 3.4 3.9 1.7 0.4 -0.9

Nonagricultural foods (fish, distilled

beverages).................................. 01 1.424 140.2 140.8 6.2 0.1 0.1 0.9 0.4

Industrial supplies & materials.............. 1 21.806 156.9 160.4 0.8 0.3 -1.2 0.2 2.2

Industrial supplies & materials excluding

petroleum.................................... 14.159 141.7 140.9 -0.7 2.2 0.5 -0.6 -0.6

Industrial supplies & materials excluding

fuels (Dec. 2001=100)..................... 13.533 161.0 159.8 -0.6 1.6 0.3 -0.7 -0.7

Industrial supplies & materials, durable. . .. 8.294 151.3 149.3 1.2 2.5 0.7 -0.9 -1.3

Industrial supplies & materials nondurable

excluding petroleum....................... 5.239 129.6 130.2 -3.3 1.7 0.2 -0.2 0.5

Fuels & lubricants............................. 10 8.273 152.0 162.9 3.8 -2.1 -3.4 1.5 7.2

Petroleum & petroleum products......... 100 7.647 163.5 175.8 4.5 -3.1 -4.1 1.6 7.5

Crude........................................ 10000 5.572 166.9 178.5 4.9 -3.0 -4.0 1.0 7.0

Fuels, n.e.s.-coals & gas.................. 101 0.452 89.7 94.3 -3.4 20.7 8.0 0.4 5.1

Gas-natural.................................. 10110 0.362 74.1 78.9 -2.8 28.0 10.3 0.5 6.5

Paper & paper base stocks.................. 11 0.567 105.7 104.7 -4.1 -0.5 0.1 -1.2 -0.9

Materials associated with nondurable

supplies & materials....................... 12 4.738 149.0 149.4 -3.0 0.5 -0.5 -0.1 0.3

Selected building materials.................. 13 1.302 137.4 137.3 3.3 0.1 0.2 -0.3 -0.1

Unfinished metals related to durable

goods........................................ 14 3.531 200.1 195.7 3.7 6.0 1.5 -1.8 -2.2

Finished metals related to durable

goods........................................ 15 1.687 145.4 143.5 -3.0 0.7 0.4 -0.8 -1.3

Nonmetals related to durable goods. . . . . .. 16 1.708 108.0 107.8 -1.1 -0.7 -0.2 0.3 -0.2

Capital goods................................... 2 28.484 89.1 88.9 -1.4 -0.1 0.0 0.2 -0.2

Electric generating equipment............... 20 3.455 115.9 115.9 -1.0 -0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0

Nonelectrical machinery...................... 21 22.333 81.6 81.4 -1.6 -0.1 0.0 0.2 -0.2

Transportation equipment excluding motor

vehicles (Dec. 2001=100)................. 22 2.696 136.3 136.3 -0.4 -0.1 -0.1 -0.1 0.0

Automotive vehicles, parts & engines..... 3 16.093 110.4 110.7 0.0 -0.2 -0.1 0.1 0.3

Consumer goods, excluding

automotives.................................. 4 27.237 106.6 106.7 -0.5 -0.1 -0.2 0.0 0.1

Nondurables, manufactured................. 40 13.006 119.3 119.2 0.0 -0.2 -0.1 -0.2 -0.1

Durables, manufactured...................... 41 12.744 94.0 94.3 -1.2 0.0 -0.2 0.0 0.3

Nonmanufactured consumer goods. . . . . . .. 42 1.487 118.5 118.6 0.3 -0.6 -0.3 0.4 0.1

1 Relative importance figures are based on 2014 trade values.

NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication.

Dash = Not available

5
Table 2. U.S. export price indexes and percent changes for selected categories of goods: October 2015 to

October 2016

[2000=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description End Use

Relative

importance

Sept.

20161

Index Percent change

Sept.

2016

Oct.

2016

Annual Monthly

Oct.

2015 to

Oct.

2016

June

2016 to

July

2016

July

2016 to

Aug.

2016

Aug.

2016 to

Sept.

2016

Sept.

2016 to

Oct.

2016

All commodities................................... 100.000 120.5 120.7 -1.1 0.2 -0.8 0.3 0.2

Agricultural commodities....................... 8.922 173.0 173.7 -3.0 -0.3 -3.5 -1.1 0.4

All exports excluding food and fuels (Dec.

2010=100)........................................ 84.667 98.4 98.2 -0.9 0.3 -0.2 0.0 -0.2

Nonagricultural commodities.................. 91.078 116.5 116.7 -0.8 0.3 -0.5 0.4 0.2

Foods, feeds, & beverages................... 0 8.360 174.8 175.4 -2.8 -0.5 -3.7 -0.9 0.3

Agricultural foods, feeds & beverages,

excluding distilled beverages............. 00 7.654 173.9 174.5 -3.6 -0.6 -4.1 -1.2 0.3

Nonagricultural foods (fish, distilled

beverages).................................. 01 0.706 193.0 193.2 6.2 0.9 0.6 2.9 0.1

Industrial supplies & materials.............. 1 29.095 141.9 143.1 -1.0 0.8 -1.3 1.3 0.8

Industrial supplies & materials, durable. . .. 10.750 154.8 153.1 0.3 1.8 0.2 0.0 -1.1

Industrial supplies & materials,

nondurable.................................. 18.345 135.8 138.5 -1.7 0.2 -2.1 2.0 2.0

Agricultural industrial supplies &

materials..................................... 10 1.268 172.8 174.2 1.4 1.6 0.3 -0.3 0.8

Nonagricultural industrial supplies &

materials...................................... 27.827 140.8 142.0 -1.1 0.8 -1.3 1.3 0.9

Fuels & lubricants............................. 11 6.973 148.3 156.2 0.2 -0.4 -5.0 5.9 5.3

Nonagricultural supplies & materials

excluding fuels & building materials. . . .. 12 19.805 149.4 148.3 -2.0 1.2 -0.2 -0.1 -0.7

Selected building materials.................. 13 1.049 116.9 117.2 3.5 0.1 0.3 0.9 0.3

Capital goods................................... 2 38.949 106.9 106.8 -0.4 -0.2 -0.1 0.1 -0.1

Electrical generating equipment............. 20 3.964 112.2 111.9 -1.0 0.0 -0.2 -0.1 -0.3

Nonelectrical machinery...................... 21 26.228 93.9 93.8 -1.0 -0.2 -0.2 0.1 -0.1

Transportation equipment excluding motor

vehicles (Dec. 2001=100)................. 22 8.757 164.9 165.1 1.9 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1

Automotive vehicles, parts & engines..... 3 10.680 112.7 112.9 -0.7 0.0 -0.5 0.1 0.2

Consumer goods, excluding

automotives.................................. 4 12.916 110.6 109.8 -1.9 0.5 -0.2 0.2 -0.7

Nondurables, manufactured................. 40 5.884 106.7 106.2 -1.4 0.9 -0.5 0.2 -0.5

Durables, manufactured...................... 41 5.404 108.0 106.8 -2.8 0.0 0.1 0.1 -1.1

1 Relative importance figures are based on 2014 trade values.

NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication.

Dash = Not available

6
Table 3. U.S. import price indexes and percent changes for selected categories of goods: October 2015 to

October 2016

[December 2005=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description NAICS

Relative

importance

Sept.

20161

Index Percent change

Sept.

2016

Oct.

2016

Annual Monthly

Oct.

2015 to

Oct.

2016

June

2016 to

July

2016

July

2016 to

Aug.

2016

Aug.

2016 to

Sept.

2016

Sept.

2016 to

Oct.

2016

Nonmanufacturing................................ 8.369 86.5 90.6 4.4 0.2 -1.4 1.1 4.7

Agriculture, forestry, fishing and

hunting........................................ 11 2.147 185.9 182.2 5.6 6.8 4.7 1.5 -2.0

Crop production............................... 111 1.776 204.2 200.1 8.0 8.8 5.8 2.3 -2.0

Animal production (Dec. 2014=100)........ 112 0.198 76.1 70.3 -9.5 -2.7 1.5 -4.2 -7.6

Mining............................................ 21 6.222 74.4 79.6 4.2 -1.8 -3.3 0.9 7.0

Mining (except oil and gas) (Dec.

2006=100)................................... 212 0.239 95.3 95.9 -1.2 -0.4 0.0 0.7 0.6

Manufacturing..................................... 91.308 108.9 109.0 -0.6 0.1 -0.2 0.0 0.1

Manufacturing, part 1......................... 31 12.192 123.8 123.8 0.3 0.0 -0.2 0.1 0.0

Food manufacturing.......................... 311 3.516 153.9 153.9 3.1 0.5 -0.6 0.5 0.0

Beverage and tobacco product

manufacturing............................... 312 1.088 117.8 118.3 0.0 -0.8 -0.1 0.1 0.4

Textile mills (Dec. 2011=100)............... 313 0.402 97.8 97.7 -2.5 0.2 -1.2 0.1 -0.1

Textile product mills.......................... 314 0.902 109.6 109.5 -1.6 0.0 0.7 0.1 -0.1

Apparel manufacturing....................... 315 4.368 111.2 111.2 -0.4 -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0

Leather and allied product

manufacturing............................... 316 1.918 123.0 122.9 -1.3 -0.1 -0.1 -0.1 -0.1

Manufacturing, part 2......................... 32 16.700 115.2 116.1 -0.7 -0.3 -0.9 0.2 0.8

Wood product manufacturing................ 321 0.790 115.7 115.7 5.8 0.2 0.4 -0.5 0.0

Paper manufacturing......................... 322 1.065 104.4 104.0 -2.4 -0.3 0.0 -0.9 -0.4

Petroleum and coal products

manufacturing............................... 324 1.944 73.1 79.2 1.9 -3.3 -4.3 3.4 8.3

Chemical manufacturing..................... 325 9.387 129.9 129.8 -1.2 0.2 -0.6 -0.2 -0.1

Plastics and rubber products

manufacturing............................... 326 2.280 117.6 117.0 -1.4 0.4 0.0 -0.1 -0.5

Nonmetallic mineral product

manufacturing............................... 327 1.032 129.4 129.4 -0.6 -0.2 -0.1 0.1 0.0

Manufacturing, part 3......................... 33 62.415 103.5 103.4 -0.8 0.2 0.0 0.0 -0.1

Primary metal manufacturing................ 331 4.276 132.0 129.8 1.7 5.0 1.6 -1.9 -1.7

Fabricated metal product manufacturing... 332 3.104 122.1 121.6 -2.6 0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.4

Machinery manufacturing.................... 333 7.710 116.5 116.4 -1.7 0.0 -0.2 0.2 -0.1

Computer and electronic product

manufacturing............................... 334 17.994 76.3 76.3 -1.5 -0.1 -0.3 0.1 0.0

Electrical equipment, appliance, and

component manufacturing................. 335 4.827 114.5 115.0 -1.6 -0.2 0.1 0.1 0.4

Transportation equipment manufacturing... 336 17.305 109.6 109.9 0.1 -0.3 0.0 0.1 0.3

Furniture and related product

manufacturing............................... 337 1.663 115.0 115.0 -0.3 -0.1 -0.3 0.1 0.0

Miscellaneous manufacturing............... 339 5.536 119.8 119.3 0.2 0.2 0.0 -0.2 -0.4

1 Relative importance figures are based on 2014 trade values.

NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication.

Dash = Not available

7
Table 4. U.S. export price indexes and percent changes for selected categories of goods: October 2015 to

October 2016

[December 2005=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description NAICS

Relative

importance

Sept.

20161

Index Percent change

Sept.

2016

Oct.

2016

Annual Monthly

Oct.

2015 to

Oct.

2016

June

2016 to

July

2016

July

2016 to

Aug.

2016

Aug.

2016 to

Sept.

2016

Sept.

2016 to

Oct.

2016

Nonmanufacturing................................ 6.921 122.1 121.4 -2.6 0.7 -4.3 0.0 -0.6

Agriculture, forestry, fishing and

hunting........................................ 11 4.485 149.0 150.6 -4.9 -1.5 -5.7 -1.0 1.1

Crop production............................... 111 4.197 154.7 156.4 -4.9 -1.6 -6.1 -1.6 1.1

Mining............................................ 21 2.436 69.5 67.0 2.4 5.5 -1.6 2.1 -3.6

Mining (except oil and gas).................. 212 1.167 80.4 85.2 6.6 0.6 2.5 1.3 6.0

Manufacturing..................................... 91.740 111.3 111.5 -0.9 0.2 -0.4 0.3 0.2

Manufacturing, part 1......................... 31 6.780 135.3 134.7 -0.2 0.6 -0.1 -0.6 -0.4

Food manufacturing.......................... 311 4.548 151.9 151.2 -0.2 0.9 -0.5 -0.7 -0.5

Beverage and tobacco product

manufacturing............................... 312 0.647 112.9 112.0 5.1 2.0 1.6 -0.7 -0.8

Manufacturing, part 2......................... 32 23.171 105.7 107.1 -1.8 -0.4 -1.5 1.4 1.3

Paper manufacturing......................... 322 1.720 120.2 118.9 -3.9 -0.4 0.1 -0.2 -1.1

Printing and related support activities

(Dec. 2015=100)........................... 323 0.268 100.0 100.0 – 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Petroleum and coal products

manufacturing............................... 324 4.495 85.7 92.5 1.8 -3.2 -5.5 7.5 7.9

Chemical manufacturing..................... 325 12.922 113.8 113.8 -3.0 0.7 -0.9 0.0 0.0

Plastics and rubber products

manufacturing............................... 326 2.364 114.3 113.8 -2.5 -0.8 -0.2 0.1 -0.4

Nonmetallic mineral product

manufacturing............................... 327 0.867 112.9 112.7 0.2 0.0 0.4 0.2 -0.2

Manufacturing, part 3......................... 33 61.789 111.2 111.0 -0.6 0.4 -0.2 0.0 -0.2

Primary metal manufacturing................ 331 4.358 137.6 134.5 0.4 4.9 0.1 -0.4 -2.3

Fabricated metal product manufacturing... 332 3.300 130.4 130.3 0.5 0.1 0.2 0.0 -0.1

Machinery manufacturing.................... 333 11.604 126.0 126.0 0.6 0.0 -0.1 0.0 0.0

Computer and electronic product

manufacturing............................... 334 14.366 83.2 82.8 -2.8 -0.2 -0.2 -0.1 -0.5

Electrical equipment, appliance, and

component manufacturing................. 335 3.830 112.3 112.0 -1.2 -0.3 -0.3 0.2 -0.3

Transportation equipment manufacturing... 336 18.323 122.1 122.3 0.4 0.0 -0.2 0.1 0.2

Furniture and related product

manufacturing (Dec. 2011=100).......... 337 0.417 117.9 118.0 7.2 1.4 0.9 0.2 0.1

Miscellaneous manufacturing............... 339 5.590 119.7 119.6 -2.2 -0.2 0.1 0.1 -0.1

1 Relative importance figures are based on 2014 trade values.

NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication.

Dash = Not available

8
Table 5. U.S. import price indexes and percent changes for selected categories of goods: October 2015 to

October 2016

[2000=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description

Harmonized

system

Relative

importance

Sept.

20161

Index Percent change

Sept.

2016

Oct.

2016

Annual Monthly

Oct.

2015 to

Oct.

2016

June

2016 to

July

2016

July

2016 to

Aug.

2016

Aug.

2016 to

Sept.

2016

Sept.

2016 to

Oct.

2016

Live animals; animal products................. I 1.494 191.6 189.8 5.9 0.2 0.8 0.2 -0.9

Meat and edible meat offal..................... 02 0.389 238.8 236.3 6.2 0.2 1.3 -0.3 -1.0

Fish and crustaceans, molluscs and other

aquatic invertebrates......................... 03 0.802 145.0 145.8 12.0 1.2 0.8 1.7 0.6

Vegetable products............................... II 2.257 224.1 221.9 9.6 9.7 6.5 3.2 -1.0

Edible vegetables, roots, and tubers.......... 07 0.579 525.8 503.3 0.9 1.1 5.3 21.5 -4.3

Edible fruit and nuts; peel of citrus fruit or

melons.......................................... 08 0.772 127.1 127.3 34.4 36.2 18.4 -4.0 0.2

Coffee, tea, mate and spices.................. 09 0.372 235.4 234.5 2.6 2.4 -0.6 0.9 -0.4

Oilseeds & misc grains, seeds, plants, straw

& fodder (Dec. 2015=100)................... 12 0.155 95.1 97.1 – -0.8 -2.9 -7.9 2.1

Animal or vegetable fats and oils (Dec.

2009=100)........................................ III 0.290 110.8 109.9 6.8 0.2 0.4 3.3 -0.8

Prepared foodstuffs, beverages, and

tobacco........................................... IV 2.783 160.8 160.9 0.8 -0.1 -1.6 -0.1 0.1

Sugars and sugar confectionary (Dec.

2012=100)..................................... 17 0.192 86.8 87.2 2.2 0.0 0.5 -0.2 0.5

Cocoa and cocoa preparations (Dec.

2009=100)..................................... 18 0.246 114.5 111.1 -2.5 0.1 -2.0 1.4 -3.0

Preparations of cereals, flour, starch or milk;

bakers’ wares (Dec. 2007=100)............. 19 0.286 133.0 133.0 0.6 -0.1 -0.1 0.0 0.0

Preparations of vegetables, fruit, nuts, or

other parts of plants.......................... 20 0.332 159.5 163.4 7.1 1.9 -0.2 0.9 2.4

Beverages, spirits, and vinegar................ 22 1.026 127.7 128.0 -0.2 -0.8 -0.1 0.1 0.2

Mineral products.................................. V 8.302 151.4 162.3 3.0 -2.2 -3.4 1.4 7.2

Mineral fuels, oils and residuals, bituminous

substances and mineral waxes............. 27 8.139 149.0 159.9 3.4 -2.1 -3.5 1.4 7.3

Products of the chemical or allied

industries........................................ VI 8.809 146.0 145.5 -0.8 0.1 -0.4 -0.2 -0.3

Inorganic chemicals............................. 28 0.546 254.5 249.3 -13.3 -1.5 0.0 -1.2 -2.0

Organic chemicals............................... 29 2.393 121.2 120.7 -0.4 0.2 0.2 0.3 -0.4

Pharmaceutical products....................... 30 3.815 140.7 140.4 1.7 -0.4 -0.6 -0.3 -0.2

Fertilizers (Dec. 2009=100).................... 31 0.258 70.2 69.8 -23.8 3.5 -8.3 -4.4 -0.6

Tanning extracts; dye, pigments, varnish,

paints & putty (Dec. 2011=100)............. 32 0.195 101.6 102.6 4.7 2.8 0.1 0.3 1.0

Miscellaneous chemical products............. 38 0.671 102.1 102.1 9.5 0.7 0.3 0.3 0.0

Plastics and articles thereof; rubber and

articles thereof.................................. VII 3.503 136.9 137.0 -1.2 0.4 -0.1 0.0 0.1

Plastics and articles thereof.................... 39 2.243 140.1 139.9 -1.8 0.0 -0.1 0.1 -0.1

Rubber and articles thereof.................... 40 1.260 132.6 133.2 -0.1 1.1 -0.2 -0.2 0.5

Raw hides, skins, leather, furskins, travel

goods, etc....................................... VIII 0.704 123.3 123.3 -3.0 0.0 -0.2 0.0 0.0

Articles of leather; travel goods, bags, etc.

of various materials........................... 42 0.671 128.6 128.6 -1.2 0.0 -0.2 -0.1 0.0

Wood, wood charcoal, cork, straw,

basketware and wickerwork................. IX 0.827 141.0 140.9 5.5 0.3 0.4 -0.4 -0.1

Wood and articles of wood; wood charcoal

(Dec. 2014=100).............................. 44 0.788 96.9 96.9 5.9 0.3 0.4 -0.4 0.0

Woodpulp, recovered paper, and paper

products......................................... X 1.143 108.9 108.3 -2.3 -0.3 0.0 -0.6 -0.6

Paper and paperboard; articles of paper

pulp, paper or paperboard................... 48 0.779 104.2 103.2 -1.9 0.1 0.0 -0.4 -1.0

See footnotes at end of table.

9
Table 5. U.S. import price indexes and percent changes for selected categories of goods: October 2015 to

October 2016 — Continued

[2000=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description

Harmonized

system

Relative

importance

Sept.

20161

Index Percent change

Sept.

2016

Oct.

2016

Annual Monthly

Oct.

2015 to

Oct.

2016

June

2016 to

July

2016

July

2016 to

Aug.

2016

Aug.

2016 to

Sept.

2016

Sept.

2016 to

Oct.

2016

Printed matter (Dec. 2015=100)............... 49 0.212 100.9 100.7 – 0.3 0.0 0.3 -0.2

Textile and textile articles....................... XI 5.490 113.4 113.3 -0.6 0.0 0.1 0.1 -0.1

Articles of apparel and clothing accessories,

knitted or crocheted.......................... 61 2.267 103.6 103.7 -0.3 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.1

Articles of apparel and clothing accessories,

not knitted or crocheted...................... 62 1.893 119.5 119.2 -0.4 -0.3 0.0 -0.1 -0.3

Made-up or worn textile articles............... 63 0.640 104.1 104.0 -1.3 -0.1 1.2 0.1 -0.1

Headgear, umbrellas, artificial flowers,

etc................................................. XII 1.527 122.4 122.4 -1.0 -0.2 -0.1 -0.1 0.0

Footwear and parts of such articles........... 64 1.303 121.5 121.5 -1.1 -0.2 -0.2 -0.1 0.0

Stone, plaster, cement, asbestos,

ceramics, glass etc............................ XIII 0.958 131.0 130.9 -0.8 -0.4 -0.2 0.0 -0.1

Articles of stone, plaster, cement, asbestos,

or mica (Dec. 2015=100).................... 68 0.328 97.8 97.8 – -1.0 -0.3 -0.4 0.0

Ceramic products................................ 69 0.282 137.5 137.4 -0.6 -0.1 -0.1 0.4 -0.1

Glass and glassware............................ 70 0.348 129.9 129.9 -0.1 -0.1 -0.2 0.2 0.0

Pearls, stones, precious metals, imitation

jewelry, and coins.............................. XIV 3.186 176.7 172.7 4.5 5.7 1.1 -1.3 -2.3

Base metals and articles of base metals. . .. XV 5.474 156.4 155.2 -2.3 1.0 0.4 -0.6 -0.8

Iron and steel.................................... 72 1.352 172.1 167.7 0.5 2.3 0.7 -1.5 -2.6

Articles of iron or steel.......................... 73 1.709 137.5 136.6 -5.5 0.0 0.1 -0.4 -0.7

Copper and articles thereof.................... 74 0.360 241.9 239.1 -8.0 0.2 0.0 0.1 -1.2

Aluminum and articles thereof................. 76 0.713 119.1 120.3 -3.0 0.0 -0.2 -1.3 1.0

Tools, implements, cutlery, spoons and

forks, of base metal; parts thereof.......... 82 0.445 122.4 122.3 -3.8 0.0 0.0 0.1 -0.1

Miscellaneous articles of base metal. . . . . . . .. 83 0.526 136.5 136.5 -0.7 -0.1 -0.1 0.0 0.0

Machinery, electrical equipment, TV image

and sound recorders, parts, etc............. XVI 30.583 80.8 80.8 -1.5 0.0 -0.2 0.2 0.0

Machinery and mechanical appliances;

parts thereof................................... 84 15.560 85.9 85.7 -1.6 0.1 -0.3 0.4 -0.2

Electrical machinery and equip, sound and

TV recorders & reproducers, parts......... 85 15.023 75.8 76.1 -1.3 -0.1 -0.1 0.0 0.4

Vehicles, aircraft, vessels and associated

transport equipment........................... XVII 14.365 113.9 114.3 -0.1 -0.3 0.0 0.0 0.4

Motor vehicles and their parts................. 87 12.874 112.6 113.0 0.0 -0.4 0.0 0.1 0.4

Aircraft, spacecraft, and parts thereof (Dec.

2002=100)..................................... 88 1.417 118.8 118.9 -0.7 -0.1 -0.1 0.0 0.1

Optical, photo, measuring, medical &

musical instruments; & timepieces. . . . . . .. XVIII 4.027 103.5 103.2 0.1 -0.2 0.3 0.0 -0.3

Optical, photographic, measuring and

medical instruments.......................... 90 3.695 100.3 100.0 0.0 -0.3 0.3 0.0 -0.3

Clocks and watches and parts thereof. . . . . .. 91 0.268 142.3 142.2 1.1 0.1 -0.1 0.6 -0.1

Miscellaneous manufactured articles......... XX 4.191 111.8 111.8 -0.5 -0.2 -0.1 -0.1 0.0

Furniture & stuffed furnishings; lamps &

lighting fittings, nesoi; prefab bldgs......... 94 2.567 116.5 116.7 -0.3 -0.2 -0.2 0.1 0.2

Toys, games and sports equipment; parts

and accessories thereof...................... 95 1.347 103.2 103.3 -0.6 -0.2 0.0 -0.2 0.1

Miscellaneous manufactured articles. . . . . . . .. 96 0.277 133.8 130.9 -2.3 -0.2 -0.2 -0.8 -2.2

1 Relative importance figures are based on 2014 trade values.

NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication.

Dash = Not available

10
Table 6. U.S. export price indexes and percent changes for selected categories of goods: October 2015 to

October 2016

[2000=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description

Harmonized

system

Relative

importance

Sept.

20161

Index Percent change

Sept.

2016

Oct.

2016

Annual Monthly

Oct.

2015 to

Oct.

2016

June

2016 to

July

2016

July

2016 to

Aug.

2016

Aug.

2016 to

Sept.

2016

Sept.

2016 to

Oct.

2016

Live animals; animal products................. I 1.777 191.2 191.8 4.2 1.2 -0.2 1.5 0.3

Meat & edible meat offal (Dec. 2006=100)... 02 1.020 146.4 146.7 3.6 0.2 -1.3 -0.9 0.2

Vegetable products............................... II 4.169 187.7 190.2 -5.7 -1.5 -6.7 -1.7 1.3

Edible fruit and nuts; peel of citrus fruit or

melons.......................................... 08 0.845 142.0 152.0 -12.9 -1.7 -6.7 -2.1 7.0

Cereals............................................ 10 1.143 164.3 168.9 -13.8 -8.6 -2.9 -3.7 2.8

Oilseeds and misc. grains, seeds, fruits,

plants, straw and fodder..................... 12 1.637 204.8 199.0 2.7 3.4 -8.2 -2.0 -2.8

Prepared foodstuffs, beverages,and

tobacco........................................... IV 2.966 148.9 147.9 -1.2 0.5 -0.1 -1.1 -0.7

Preparations of vegetables, fruit, nuts or

other parts of plants (Dec. 2009=100). . . .. 20 0.374 117.6 116.5 -1.8 -1.2 0.1 0.0 -0.9

Beverages, spirits, and vinegar (Dec.

2008=100)..................................... 22 0.546 110.6 111.9 3.3 0.8 -1.6 0.4 1.2

Residues and waste from the food

industries; prepared animal feed............ 23 0.684 206.9 204.0 0.4 2.9 0.0 -3.9 -1.4

Mineral products.................................. V 6.998 172.1 179.1 1.2 0.7 -3.9 6.0 4.1

Ores, slag and ash (Dec. 2012=100)......... 26 0.514 81.2 81.5 10.9 2.1 1.3 3.4 0.4

Mineral fuels, oils and residuals, bituminous

substances and mineral waxes............. 27 6.280 163.9 171.4 0.6 0.6 -4.3 6.4 4.6

Products of the chemical or allied

industries........................................ VI 10.745 135.9 135.3 -3.4 0.4 -0.6 -0.1 -0.4

Inorganic chemicals............................. 28 0.905 172.6 167.6 -8.6 0.9 -0.4 -1.0 -2.9

Organic chemicals............................... 29 2.453 132.4 132.6 -3.4 -0.2 -0.5 0.2 0.2

Pharmaceutical products....................... 30 2.968 108.9 108.7 -1.4 1.9 -0.7 0.4 -0.2

Tanning or dyeing extracts, dyes, paints

varnish, putty, & inks (Dec. 2015=100). . .. 32 0.539 97.7 97.5 – -0.2 -0.3 -0.2 -0.2

Essential oils and resinoids; perfumery

cosmetic or toilet preparations.............. 33 0.833 134.6 131.1 -3.2 0.0 0.1 0.0 -2.6

Soap; lubricants; waxes, polishing or

scouring products; candles, pastes......... 34 0.514 115.8 116.4 3.6 -0.6 -0.1 0.2 0.5

Miscellaneous chemical products............. 38 1.848 146.6 146.1 -3.2 0.1 -0.9 -0.2 -0.3

Plastics and articles thereof; rubber and

articles thereof.................................. VII 5.101 136.5 136.6 -1.7 0.5 -0.7 0.3 0.1

Plastics and articles thereof.................... 39 4.116 131.9 132.2 -1.9 0.8 -0.8 0.2 0.2

Rubber and articles thereof.................... 40 0.985 156.3 155.5 -1.0 -0.3 0.0 0.6 -0.5

Raw hides, skins, leather, furskins, travel

goods, etc........................................ VIII 0.330 120.0 120.4 -3.5 0.2 -0.3 0.7 0.3

Raw hides and skins other than furskins

and leather (Dec.2014=100)................. 41 0.180 69.0 69.5 -4.8 0.1 -1.3 0.3 0.7

Wood, wood charcoal, cork, straw, baskets

and wickerwork (Dec. 2014=100)............ IX 0.660 96.7 97.1 2.8 -0.4 0.5 1.2 0.4

Woodpulp, recovered paper, and paper

products......................................... X 2.151 122.9 122.7 -0.6 1.0 1.3 -0.9 -0.2

Woodpulp and recovered paper............... 47 0.645 130.0 129.6 2.5 4.1 5.1 -3.0 -0.3

Paper and paperboard; articles of paper

pulp, paper or paperboard................... 48 1.125 118.9 118.6 -3.1 -0.4 -0.3 0.1 -0.3

Printed material (Dec. 2014=100)............. 49 0.381 100.4 100.6 1.5 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.2

Textile and textile articles....................... XI 1.716 120.0 119.7 -1.1 0.9 -0.7 0.2 -0.3

Cotton, including yarns and woven fabrics

thereof.......................................... 52 0.410 122.1 122.3 4.1 5.9 -2.9 0.7 0.2

See footnotes at end of table.

11
Table 6. U.S. export price indexes and percent changes for selected categories of goods: October 2015 to

October 2016 — Continued

[2000=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description

Harmonized

system

Relative

importance

Sept.

20161

Index Percent change

Sept.

2016

Oct.

2016

Annual Monthly

Oct.

2015 to

Oct.

2016

June

2016 to

July

2016

July

2016 to

Aug.

2016

Aug.

2016 to

Sept.

2016

Sept.

2016 to

Oct.

2016

Stone, plaster, cement, asbestos,

ceramics, glass etc............................ XIII 0.871 123.1 123.1 0.7 0.0 0.2 0.0 0.0

Articles of stone, plaster, cement, asbestos,

or mica (Dec. 2015=100).................... 68 0.295 101.2 101.2 – 0.0 0.7 0.0 0.0

Glass and glassware............................ 70 0.440 99.7 99.7 0.6 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Pearls, stones, precious metals, imitation

jewelry, and coins.............................. XIV 4.566 240.4 235.4 3.8 4.7 0.3 -0.3 -2.1

Base metals and articles of base metals. . .. XV 4.954 142.8 142.5 -2.3 -0.2 0.2 -0.3 -0.2

Iron and steel.................................... 72 1.009 142.7 140.7 -4.6 -2.8 2.1 -0.6 -1.4

Copper and articles thereof.................... 74 0.416 149.6 152.9 -8.4 2.8 -0.1 -3.0 2.2

Aluminum and articles thereof................. 76 0.766 103.2 102.9 -3.4 0.1 -1.5 0.0 -0.3

Tools, implements, cutlery, spoons and

forks, of base metal (Dec. 2015=100). . . .. 82 0.392 100.0 100.0 – 0.1 -0.1 0.0 0.0

Miscellaneous articles of base metal. . . . . . . .. 83 0.355 147.8 147.8 -0.5 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0

Machinery, electrical equipment, TV image

and sound recorders, parts, etc............. XVI 29.708 95.5 95.2 -1.3 -0.2 -0.2 0.0 -0.3

Machinery and mechanical appliances;

parts thereof................................... 84 17.757 112.3 112.2 -0.9 -0.3 -0.2 -0.1 -0.1

Electrical machinery and equipment and

parts and accessories thereof............... 85 11.951 77.3 76.9 -2.0 -0.1 -0.1 0.0 -0.5

Vehicles, aircraft, vessels and associated

transport equipment........................... XVII 15.184 131.6 131.9 0.6 0.0 -0.2 0.2 0.2

Motor vehicles and their parts................. 87 9.201 114.4 114.8 -0.2 0.0 -0.5 0.1 0.3

Optical, photo, measuring, medical &

musical instruments; & timepieces. . . . . . .. XVIII 6.195 106.0 105.9 -1.2 -0.1 0.0 0.0 -0.1

Miscellaneous manufactured articles......... XX 1.562 112.4 112.5 0.8 0.5 0.1 0.1 0.1

Furniture; stuffed furnishings; lamps and

lighting fittings nesoi;......................... 94 0.941 128.5 128.7 3.3 1.1 0.5 0.2 0.2

Toys, games and sports equipment; parts

and accessories thereof...................... 95 0.472 89.2 89.2 -0.7 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

1 Relative importance figures are based on 2014 trade values.

NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication.

Dash = Not available

12
Table 7. U.S. import price indexes and percent changes by locality of origin: October 2015 to October 2016

[2000=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description

Relative

importance

Sept.

20161

Index Percent change

Sept.

2016

Oct.

2016

Annual Monthly

Oct. 2015

to Oct.

2016

June 2016

to July

2016

July 2016

to Aug.

2016

Aug. 2016

to Sept.

2016

Sept. 2016

to Oct.

2016

Industrialized Countries2

.................... 100.000 117.0 117.5 0.3 0.0 -0.4 0.1 0.4

Nonmanufacturing........................... 7.414 120.1 126.1 3.0 -2.6 -2.8 0.3 5.0

Manufacturing................................ 92.130 116.3 116.4 0.0 0.2 -0.3 0.1 0.1

Other Countries3

.............................. 100.000 117.8 118.5 -0.9 -0.3 -0.3 0.1 0.6

Nonmanufacturing........................... 8.737 174.5 183.2 2.1 1.2 -3.1 1.6 5.0

Manufacturing................................ 91.011 102.6 102.7 -1.2 -0.3 -0.2 0.0 0.1

Canada.......................................... 100.000 118.5 120.2 1.5 -0.1 -1.3 0.1 1.4

Nonmanufacturing........................... 21.225 114.2 120.5 3.1 -2.8 -2.8 0.2 5.5

Manufacturing................................ 77.974 123.7 124.2 1.0 0.6 -1.0 0.2 0.4

European Union4

.............................. 100.000 131.2 131.5 -1.1 -0.4 -0.4 0.1 0.2

Manufacturing................................ 99.526 127.9 128.1 -1.2 -0.4 -0.4 0.2 0.2

France (Dec. 2003=100)...................... 100.000 122.4 122.4 0.7 0.0 -0.2 0.0 0.0

Germany (Dec. 2003=100)................... 100.000 112.9 112.2 -4.0 -0.1 -0.4 0.2 -0.6

United Kingdom (Dec. 2003=100).......... 100.000 117.7 117.4 -3.0 -0.1 0.1 -0.9 -0.3

Latin America5

................................. 100.000 139.6 140.6 -0.8 0.5 -0.5 0.1 0.7

Nonmanufacturing........................... 16.754 199.4 207.6 3.1 2.0 -3.8 3.2 4.1

Manufacturing................................ 82.748 119.2 119.2 -1.6 0.1 0.3 -0.5 0.0

Mexico (Dec. 2003=100)...................... 100.000 125.9 126.0 -1.1 0.2 -0.6 0.0 0.1

Nonmanufacturing (Dec. 2008=100). . . . .. 9.086 114.8 114.9 5.3 13.3 -6.5 1.3 0.1

Manufacturing (Dec. 2008=100)........... 90.453 88.1 88.1 -1.7 -1.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Pacific Rim (Dec. 2003=100)6

............... 100.000 98.6 98.6 -1.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0

China (Dec. 2003=100)....................... 100.000 100.7 100.7 -1.6 0.0 -0.2 -0.1 0.0

Japan............................................ 100.000 96.1 96.3 1.2 0.3 0.4 0.1 0.2

Asian NICs7

..................................... 100.000 84.4 84.3 -1.9 -0.4 0.1 0.4 -0.1

ASEAN (Dec. 2003=100)8

.................... 100.000 96.9 97.0 -1.2 -0.4 -0.1 0.2 0.1

Asia Near East (Dec. 2003=100)9

........... 100.000 143.4 149.5 1.2 0.3 -0.7 -0.4 4.3

1 Relative importance figures are based on 2014 trade values.

2 Western Europe, Canada, Japan, Australia, New Zealand and South Africa.

3 Eastern Europe, Latin America, OPEC countries, and other countries in Asia, Africa and the Western Hemisphere.

4 European Union countries.

5 Mexico, Central America, South America and the Caribbean.

6 China, Japan, Australia, Brunei, Indonesia, Macao, Malaysia, New Zealand, Papua New Guinea, Philippines and the Asian Newly Industrialized

Countries.

7 Asian Newly Industrialized Countries - Hong Kong, Singapore, South Korea and Taiwan.

8 Association of Southeast Asian Nations - Brunei, Cambodia, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, Philippines, Singapore, Thailand and Vietnam.

9 Bahrain, Iran, Iraq, Israel, Jordan, Kuwait, Lebanon, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Syria, United Arab Emirates and Yemen.

NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication.

Regions are not mutually exclusive.

Dash = Not available

13
Table 8. U.S. international price indexes and percent changes for selected transportation services: October

2015 to October 2016

[2000=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description

Relative

importance

Sept.

20161

Index Percent change

Sept.

2016

Oct.

2016

Annual Monthly

Oct. 2015

to Oct.

2016

June

2016 to

July 2016

July 2016

to Aug.

2016

Aug.

2016 to

Sept.

2016

Sept.

2016 to

Oct. 2016

Air Freight

Import Air Freight.................................... 100.000 153.0 159.1 -4.2 0.9 1.6 1.2 4.0

Europe (Dec. 2003=100).......................... 23.483 137.0 137.4 -6.6 -0.3 -1.3 0.9 0.3

Asia.................................................. 62.647 136.3 144.9 -3.7 1.7 3.1 1.5 6.3

Export Air Freight................................... 100.000 153.4 154.4 -1.1 -0.2 0.1 0.0 0.7

Europe (Dec. 2006=100).......................... 37.847 145.5 145.5 -2.3 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Inbound Air Freight................................. 100.000 146.3 152.7 -1.4 0.6 1.3 1.2 4.4

Europe (Dec. 2003=100).......................... 28.155 134.5 135.0 -2.0 -0.4 -0.5 0.2 0.4

Asia.................................................. 57.420 129.8 139.5 -0.6 1.5 2.5 2.0 7.5

Outbound Air Freight............................... 100.000 136.9 135.6 -6.9 -0.6 -0.3 0.1 -0.9

Europe (Dec. 2003=100).......................... 33.102 142.9 143.0 -9.7 0.4 0.4 0.6 0.1

Asia.................................................. 42.890 128.2 125.3 -8.8 -1.4 -1.0 -0.2 -2.3

Air Passenger Fares

Import Air Passenger Fares....................... 100.000 177.8 189.0 0.2 -3.9 -6.0 4.2 6.3

Europe............................................... 44.436 206.5 220.7 -0.3 -8.4 -8.5 10.0 6.9

Asia.................................................. 22.222 125.3 131.3 -7.7 -3.1 -7.2 -5.6 4.8

Latin America/Caribbean.......................... 9.277 148.3 154.5 3.7 3.0 0.2 -5.7 4.2

Export Air Passenger Fares....................... 100.000 146.3 149.1 -3.6 2.8 4.6 -11.1 1.9

Europe............................................... 30.999 193.9 199.0 -3.6 -3.3 -6.2 0.5 2.6

Asia.................................................. 27.770 125.0 126.5 -5.7 1.3 22.4 -24.7 1.2

Latin America/Caribbean.......................... 23.523 153.9 160.0 5.1 8.6 -1.9 -5.8 4.0

1 Relative importance figures are based on 2014 trade values.

NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication.

Dash = Not available

14
15 

TECHNICAL NOTE

Import and Export Merchandise and Services Price Indexes - All indexes use a modified Laspeyres 

formula and are not seasonally adjusted. Price indexes are reweighted annually, with a 2-year lag in the 

weights. Published series use a base year of 2000=100 where possible. More detailed index series and 

additional information may be obtained at www.bls.gov/mxp or by calling (202) 691-7101. 

Merchandise Goods Classification Systems - The merchandise price indexes are published using three 

classification systems. Items are classified by end use according to the Bureau of Economic Analysis 

Classification System, by industry according to the North American Industry Classification System 

(NAICS), and by product category according to the Harmonized System (HS). While classification by 

end use and product category are self-explanatory, some notes are in order for classifying items by 

industry. In the NAICS imports and exports tables, items are classified by output industry, not input 

industry. As an example, NAICS import index 326 (plastics and rubber products manufacturing) include 

outputs such as manufactured plastic rather than inputs such as petroleum. The NAICS classification 

structure also matches the classification system used by the Producer Price Index (PPI) to produce the 

NAICS primary products indexes.

Import Price Indexes - Products have been classified by the Harmonized Tariff Schedule of the United 

States Annotated (TSUSA). Import prices are based on U.S. dollar prices paid by the U.S. importer. The 

prices are generally either "free on board" (f.o.b.) foreign port or "cost, insurance, and freight" (c.i.f.) 

U.S. port transaction prices, depending on the practices of the individual industry. The index for crude 

petroleum is calculated from data collected by the U.S. Department of Energy. 

Export Price Indexes - Products have been classified by the Harmonized Schedule B classification 

system of the U.S. Bureau of the Census. The prices used are generally either "free alongside ship" 

(f.a.s.) factory or "free on board" (f.o.b.) transaction prices, depending on the practices of the individual 

industry. Prices used in the grain index, excluding rice, are obtained from the U.S. Department of 

Agriculture. 

Services Price Indexes - Starting in September 2008, the import air passenger fares indexes represent 

changes in the average revenue per passenger received by foreign carriers from U.S. residents and are 

calculated from data obtained from an airline consulting service. These data include tickets sold by 

travel agencies and travel websites. Tickets sold directly by the airlines are excluded, as are frequent 

flyer tickets generally. Starting in January 2008, the export air passenger fares indexes represent changes 

in the average revenue per passenger received by U.S. carriers from foreign residents and are calculated 

from data collected directly from airlines. These data include frequent flyer tickets and those sold by 

consolidators. Taxes and fees are included in the import air passenger fares indexes and excluded from 

the export air passenger fares indexes. The air freight indexes are calculated from data collected directly 

from airlines. These data exclude mail and passenger baggage. The scope of the service being priced is 

the movement of freight from airport to airport only, and does not include any ground transportation or 

port service. The air freight indexes are presented using two definitions: balance of payments (which 

represent transactions between U.S. and foreign residents) and international (which represent 

transactions inbound to and outbound from the U.S.). Fact sheets specifying detailed information for 

each services industry are available at www.bls.gov/mxp under "MXP Publications."
16 

Import Indexes by Locality of Origin - Prices used in these indexes are a subset of the data collected 

for the import price indexes. Beginning with January 2002, the indexes are defined by locality of origin 

using a nomenclature based upon the North American Industry Classification System (NAICS). 

Nonmanufactured goods are defined as NAICS 11 and 21, and manufactured goods are defined as 

NAICS 31-33. 

Revision Policy - To reflect the availability of late reports and corrections by respondents, monthly data 

may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication. After 3 months, no further data 

revisions take place. For example, data first published in the January release will be subject to revision 

in the releases for February, March, and April. 

Uses of the Data - The primary use of the indexes is to deflate trade statistics, notably the foreign trade 

sector of the National Income and Product Accounts (NIPA) constructed by the Department of 

Commerce. Other published indexes are useful for general market analysis. For trade in international 

services, balance of payments indexes are used for deflating NIPA, while international indexes are more 

appropriate for market analysis. Merchandise and services indexes also can be used to study U.S. 

competitiveness and to compute price elasticities, and the merchandise import indexes by country or 

region of origin are useful in terms of trade analysis. 

Email Subscription - The U.S. import and export price indexes news release is available through an 

email subscription service at www.bls.gov/bls/list.htm. 

 

Additional Information - More detailed data are available on the Import/Export Price Indexes home 

page at www.bls.gov/mxp. For import and export price indexes data requests, send an email to 

mxpinfo@bls.gov. 

Information from this release will be made available to sensory impaired individuals upon request. 

Voice phone: (202)-691-5200; Federal Relay Service: 1-(800)-877-8339.