Technical information:
   Household data:  (202) 691-6378   USDL 03-05
           http://www.bls.gov/cps/

   Establishment data:    691-6555   Transmission of material in this release is
           http://www.bls.gov/ces/   embargoed until 8:30 A.M. (EST),
Media contact:            691-5902   Friday, January 10, 2003.
                                     
                                     
                 THE EMPLOYMENT SITUATION:  DECEMBER 2002


   Employment declined in December, and the unemployment rate was unchanged 
at 6.0 percent, the Bureau of Labor Statistics of the U.S. Department of Labor 
reported today.  Payroll employment fell by 101,000, following a decline of 
88,000 (as revised) in November.  In December, job losses continued in manu-
facturing; employment also fell in retail trade and transportation.
   
Unemployment (Household Survey Data)
   
   The unemployment rate remained at 6.0 percent in December, and the
number of unemployed persons was essentially flat, at 8.6 million.  Both
measures had increased in November.  The unemployment rate for adult women
rose in December to 5.3 percent.  The jobless rates for other major worker
groups--adult men (5.6 percent), teenagers (16.1 percent), whites (5.1
percent), blacks (11.5 percent), and Hispanics (7.9 percent)--were little
changed over the month.  (See tables A-1 and A-2.)
   
   The number of persons unemployed 15 weeks or more rose to 3.2 million
in December, an increase of 815,000 over the year.  The number unemployed
less than 5 weeks was essentially unchanged over the month, at 2.8 million,
but has decreased by 241,000 over the year.  (See table A-6.)
   
Total Employment and the Labor Force (Household Survey Data)
   
   Total employment edged down in December.  Despite several large monthly
fluctuations in 2002, employment was essentially unchanged from December
2001 to December 2002.  In December, the employment-population ratio declined 
by 0.2 percentage point to 62.3 percent.  Over the course of the year, this 
ratio decreased by 0.7 percentage point.  (See table A-1.)
   
   The civilian labor force was about unchanged in December, at 142.5 million 
persons.  The labor force participation rate also was little changed at 66.3 
percent.  Over the year, the labor force participation rate declined by 0.5 
percentage point.  (See table A-1.)
   
   About 7.6 million persons (not seasonally adjusted) held more than one
job in December.  These multiple jobholders represented 5.6 percent of the
total employed, compared with 5.4 percent a year earlier.  (See table A-10.)

Persons Not in the Labor Force (Household Survey Data)
   
   About 1.4 million persons (not seasonally adjusted) were marginally
attached to the labor force in December, about the same number as a year
earlier.  These individuals reported that they wanted and were available for 

                                   - 2 -

Table A.  Major indicators of labor market activity, seasonally adjusted
(Numbers in thousands)
___________________________________________________________________________
                      |    Quarterly    |                          |
                      |    averages     |       Monthly data       |
                      |_________________|__________________________| Nov.-
      Category        |       2002      |           2002           | Dec.
                      |_________________|__________________________|change
                      |   III  |   IV   |  Oct.  |  Nov.  |  Dec.  |
______________________|________|________|________|________|________|_______
    HOUSEHOLD DATA    |                 Labor force status
                      |____________________________________________________
Civilian labor force..| 142,761| 142,799| 143,123| 142,733| 142,542|   -191
  Employment..........| 134,568| 134,364| 134,914| 134,225| 133,952|   -273
  Unemployment........|   8,193|   8,436|   8,209|   8,508|   8,590|     82
Not in labor force....|  71,465|  72,011|  71,519|  72,087|  72,425|    338
                      |________|________|________|________|________|_______
                      |                 Unemployment rates
                      |____________________________________________________
All workers...........|     5.7|     5.9|     5.7|     6.0|     6.0|     .0
  Adult men...........|     5.2|     5.5|     5.2|     5.7|     5.6|   -0.1
  Adult women.........|     5.0|     5.2|     5.2|     5.0|     5.3|     .3
  Teenagers...........|    16.9|    15.8|    14.6|    16.8|    16.1|    -.7
  White...............|     5.1|     5.1|     5.1|     5.2|     5.1|    -.1
  Black...............|     9.7|    10.8|     9.8|    11.0|    11.5|     .5
  Hispanic origin.....|     7.5|     7.8|     7.8|     7.8|     7.9|     .1
                      |________|________|________|________|________|_______
 ESTABLISHMENT DATA   |                     Employment
                      |____________________________________________________
Nonfarm employment....| 130,844|p130,806| 130,898|p130,810|p130,709|  p-101
  Goods-producing 1/..|  23,787| p23,626|  23,688| p23,625| p23,566|   p-59
    Construction......|   6,544|  p6,542|   6,544|  p6,540|  p6,543|     p3
    Manufacturing.....|  16,691| p16,532|  16,592| p16,535| p16,470|   p-65
  Service-producing 1/| 107,057|p107,179| 107,210|p107,185|p107,143|   p-42
    Retail trade......|  23,308| p23,228|  23,289| p23,249| p23,145|  p-104
    Services..........|  41,299| p41,419|  41,385| p41,400| p41,473|    p73
    Government........|  21,270| p21,364|  21,349| p21,365| p21,379|    p14
                      |________|________|________|________|________|_______
                      |                  Hours of work 2/
                      |____________________________________________________
Total private.........|    34.1|   p34.2|    34.2|   p34.2|   p34.1|  p-0.1
  Manufacturing.......|    40.8|   p40.7|    40.7|   p40.6|   p40.9|    p.3
    Overtime..........|     4.1|    p4.1|     4.1|    p4.0|    p4.2|    p.2
                      |________|________|________|________|________|_______
                      |    Indexes of aggregate weekly hours (1982=100) 2/
                      |____________________________________________________
Total private.........|   147.9|  p147.9|   148.1|  p147.9|  p147.6|  p-0.3
                      |________|________|________|________|________|_______
                      |                      Earnings 2/
                      |____________________________________________________
Avg. hourly earnings, |        |        |        |        |        |
  total private.......|  $14.81| p$14.94|  $14.90| p$14.93| p$14.98| p$0.05
Avg. weekly earnings, |        |        |        |        |        |
  total private.......|  505.14| p510.34|  509.58| p510.61| p510.82|   p.21
______________________|________|________|________|________|________|_______
   1/  Includes other industries, not shown separately.
   2/  Data relate to private production or nonsupervisory workers.
   p=preliminary.

                                  - 3 -

work and had looked for a job sometime in the prior 12 months.  They were not 
counted as unemployed, however, because they had not actively searched for 
work in the 4 weeks preceding the survey.  The number of discouraged workers 
was 398,000 in December, essentially unchanged from a year earlier.  Dis-
couraged workers, a subset of the marginally attached, were not looking for 
work specifically because they believed no jobs were available.  (See table 
A-10.) 

Industry Payroll Employment (Establishment Survey Data)
   
   Total nonfarm payroll employment declined by 101,000 in December to
130.7 million.  Over the year, payroll employment declined by 181,000,
compared with a loss of 1.4 million in 2001.  In December, job losses in
manufacturing, retail trade, and transportation were partly offset by job
gains in services.  (See table B-1.)
   
   The downward trend in manufacturing continued in December, as factories
lost 65,000 jobs.  Over the year, factory employment declined by 592,000,
compared with a drop of 1.3 million in the prior year.  Employment in manu-
facturing has declined by 2.4 million since April 1998, its most recent peak.
   
   Factory job losses were widespread in December.  Employment in trans-
portation equipment fell by 13,000 over the month, with declines in both 
motor vehicles and aircraft.  Job losses continued in industrial machinery, 
electronic equipment, fabricated metals, rubber and miscellaneous plastics, 
and printing and publishing.
   
   Retail trade employment dropped by 104,000 in December.  This followed
a decline of 40,000 in November.  Employment in eating and drinking places,
which can fluctuate substantially from month to month, fell by 63,000 in
December and has fallen by nearly a quarter million since its peak in July
2001.  In December, employment in general merchandise stores and in mis-
cellaneous retail establishments (such as toy stores) fell after seasonal 
adjustment, as holiday hiring was less than usual for December.  Employment 
in food stores continued to decline; this industry has lost 147,000 jobs 
since its most recent peak in May 2000.  Job losses also occurred over the 
month in automotive dealers and service stations, with half of these declines 
in new and used car dealers.  Furniture and home furnishings stores added 
14,000 jobs over the month.
   
   Employment declined by 23,000 in transportation; most of this over-the-
month job loss was in air transportation.  The over-the-year decline in air
transportation (-25,000) was much smaller than in 2001 (-139,000).  The com-
munications industry continued to lose jobs in December; since its most
recent peak in April 2001, communications employment has decreased by
157,000, or 9 percent.
   
                                  - 4 -

   Wholesale trade continued to lose jobs in December.  Over the year, the
durable goods component of wholesale trade lost 71,000 jobs--about half the
number lost in 2001.  In contrast, employment in nondurable goods wholesaling 
was essentially unchanged over the year.
   
   Employment in the services industry rose by 73,000 in December.  Over
the year, job gains in services totaled 590,000.  Health services added
10,000 jobs over the month, half of its average monthly gain in 2002.  This
industry added 257,000 jobs over the year.  Employment in help supply
services increased by 19,000 in December, following declines that totaled
87,000 in the prior 3 months.  The industry had added 167,000 jobs from
February to August.  Substantial job gains occurred over the month in
amusement and recreation services (28,000) and in hotels and other lodging
places (16,000).
   
   Job gains continued in mortgage banking; the industry has added 107,000
jobs since January 2001.  Real estate employment edged up over the month.
Since June 2002, this industry has added 37,000 jobs.  Construction employment 
was essentially flat in December and has shown little net change since April.
   
Weekly Hours (Establishment Survey Data)
   
   The average workweek for production or nonsupervisory workers on private 
nonfarm payrolls edged down by 0.1 hour in December to 34.1 hours, season-
ally adjusted.  The manufacturing workweek increased by 0.3 hour to 40.9 
hours in December, and factory overtime was up by 0.2 hour to 4.2 hours.  
(See table B-2.)
   
   The index of aggregate weekly hours of production or nonsupervisory
workers on private nonfarm payrolls declined by 0.2 percent in December to
147.6 (1982=100), seasonally adjusted.  The manufacturing index was up by
0.4 percent over the month to 91.2.  (See table B-5.)
   
Hourly and Weekly Earnings (Establishment Survey Data)
   
   Average hourly earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers on
private nonfarm payrolls increased by 5 cents in December to $14.98,
seasonally adjusted.  Average weekly earnings were little changed at
$510.82.  Over the year, both average hourly earnings and average weekly
earnings rose by 3.0 percent.  (See table B-3.)
   
                      ______________________________


   The Employment Situation for January 2003 is scheduled to be released on
Friday, February 7, at 8:30 A.M. (EST).
                                  
                                  - 5 -
       
   Upcoming Changes to Household and National Nonfarm Payroll Data Series
                                     
Household Data Series

   Effective with the release of January 2003 data (scheduled for 
February 7, 2003), several changes to the Current Population Survey 
(CPS) will affect estimates contained in the Employment Situation news 
release:

   --Population controls that reflect the results of Census 2000
     will be used in the monthly CPS estimation process.  In addition,
     CPS data series from January 2000 through December 2002 will be
     revised to reflect the introduction of the Census 2000-based
     population controls.  Annual average estimates for 2000, 2001,
     and 2002 also will be revised.

   --The questions on race and Hispanic origin in the CPS will be
     modified to comply with the new standards for maintaining, col-
     lecting, and presenting federal data on race and ethnicity for
     federal statistical agencies.  A major change under those stand-
     ards is that respondents may select more than one race when an-
     swering the survey.  Respondents will continue to be asked a
     separate question to determine if they are Hispanic.  The Employ-
     ment Situation news release will present data for persons who
     report they are white (and no other race), black or African
     American (and no other race), and Asian (and no other race).
     Data will continue to be presented for persons of Hispanic eth-
     nicity separately.  Employment and unemployment estimates for
     Hispanic adult men, Hispanic adult women, and Hispanic teenagers
     will be added to the release.

   --The CPS will adopt the Census industry and occupation classi-
     fication systems derived from the 2002 North American Industry
     Classification System and the 2000 Standard Occupational Classi-
     fication system.  These new classification systems represent
     complete breaks in the time series for occupation and industry
     data.  As a result, seasonally adjusted occupation and industry
     estimates from the household survey will not be presented until
     sufficient data have been collected to allow seasonal adjustment.

   --The CPS program will begin using the X-12 ARIMA software for
     seasonal adjustment of time series data.  Because of the other
     revisions being introduced with the January data, the annual
     revision of 5 years of seasonally adjusted data that typically
     occurs with the release of data for December will be delayed
     until the release of data for January.  As part of the annual
     revision process, the seasonal adjustment of CPS series was
     reviewed to determine if additional series could be adjusted
     and if the series currently adjusted would pass a technical
     review.  As a result of this review, some series that are cur-
     rently seasonally adjusted will no longer be adjusted.

   --Because of the extensive nature of the changes listed above,
     the comparability of the January 2003 data and those for ear-
     lier months will be affected.  The A tables of the Employment
     Situation news release will be reformatted to reflect the changes.
     The new table shells will be available on request by e-mailing
     cpsinfo@bls.gov or by calling the Division of Labor Force Sta-
     tistics at 202-691-6378.  Other questions about the upcoming
     changes to the CPS data series also can be directed to this
     e-mail address and phone number.

                                  - 6 -

National Nonfarm Payroll Data Series
    
   NAICS conversion.  The nonfarm payroll series, produced from the
Current Employment Statistics (CES) program, will be converted from the
1987 Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) basis to the 2002 North
American Industry Classification System (NAICS) basis with the June 6,
2003, release of May 2003 estimates.  The NAICS conversion involves
major definitional changes to many of the currently published SIC-based
series.  After the conversion to NAICS, SIC-based series will no longer
be produced or published.  Historical time series will be reconstructed
as part of the NAICS conversion process.  All published series will
have a NAICS-based history extending back to at least January 1990.
For total nonfarm and other high-level aggregates, NAICS history will
begin in January 1939, the current starting date for these series.  For
more detailed series, the starting date will vary depending on the
scope of the definitional changes between SIC and NAICS.  The NAICS-
based reconstruction effort will cover all CES published data types:
all employees, women workers, production workers, average weekly hours,
average hourly earnings, and derivative series (for example, indexes of
aggregate weekly hours).
   
   Completion of the CES sample redesign.  June 6, 2003, also will mark
the completion of the CES sample redesign phase-in.  The redesign converts 
the CES from a quota-based sample to a probability-based sample.  In June 
2003, the services industries will be converted to the new sample design; 
all other private sector industries have already been converted.  The final 
stage of sample redesign phase-in may result in level shifts for average 
weekly hours, average hourly earnings, production worker, and women worker 
series.  New levels for these series are being recomputed from the NAICS-
based probability sample.
   
   Concurrent seasonal adjustment.  Also beginning in June 2003, the
CES program will convert to concurrent seasonal adjustment, which uses
all available monthly estimates, including those for the current month,
in developing seasonal factors.  Currently, the CES program projects
seasonal factors twice a year. With the introduction of concurrent
seasonal adjustment, BLS will no longer publish seasonal factors for
CES national estimates.
   
   Change to federal government series.  Beginning in June 2003, the
CES series for federal government employment will be revised slightly
in scope and definition due to a change in source data and estimation
methods.  The current national series is an end-of-month federal em-
ployee count produced by the Office of Personnel Management, and it 
excludes some workers, mostly employees who work in Department of 
Defense-owned establishments such as military base commissaries.  The
CES national series will include these workers.  Also, federal govern-
ment employment will be estimated from a sample of federal establish-
ments, will be benchmarked annually to counts from unemployment in-
surance tax records, and will reflect employee counts as of the pay 
period including the 12th of the month, consistent with other CES 
industry series.  The historical time series for federal government 
employment will be revised to reflect these changes.
   
   Further information on upcoming changes to CES data series is avail-
able through the BLS public database on the Internet, via the CES homepage 
at http://www.bls.gov/ces/, or by calling 202-691-6555.
 
 
 
 

                                  - 7 -

Explanatory Note


 This news release presents statistics from two major surveys, the Current
Population Survey (household survey) and the Current Employment Statistics
survey (establishment survey).  The household survey provides the
information on the labor force, employment, and unemployment that appears
in the A tables, marked HOUSEHOLD DATA.  It is a sample survey of about
60,000 households conducted by the U.S. Census Bureau for the Bureau of
Labor Statistics (BLS).
 
 The establishment survey provides the information on the employment,
hours, and earnings of workers on nonfarm payrolls that appears in the B
tables, marked ESTABLISHMENT DATA.  This information is collected from
payroll records by BLS in cooperation with State agencies.  In June 2002,
the sample included over 300,000 establishments employing about 37 million
people.
 
 For both surveys, the data for a given month  relate to a particular week
or pay period.  In the household survey,  the reference week is generally
the calendar week that contains the 12th day of the month.  In the
establishment survey, the reference  period is the pay period including the
12th, which may or may not correspond directly to the calendar week.

Coverage, definitions, and differences between surveys
 
 Household survey.  The sample  is selected  to reflect the entire
civilian noninstitutional population.  Based on responses to a series of
questions on work and job search activities, each person  16 years and over
in a sample household is classified as employed, unemployed, or not in the
labor force.
 
 People are classified as employed if they did any work at all as paid
employees during the reference week; worked in their own business,
profession, or on their own farm; or worked without pay at least 15 hours
in a family business or farm.  People are also counted as employed if they
were  temporarily absent from their jobs because of illness, bad weather,
vacation, labor-management disputes, or personal reasons.
 
 People are classified as unemployed if they meet all of the following
criteria:  They had no employment during the  reference week; they were
available for work at that time; and they made specific efforts to find
employment sometime during the 4-week period ending with the reference
week.  Persons laid off from  a job and expecting recall   need not be
looking for work to be counted as unemployed.  The unemployment data
derived from the household survey in no way depend upon the eligibility for
or receipt of unemployment insurance benefits.
 
 The civilian labor force  is the sum of  employed and  unemployed
persons.  Those not classified as employed or unemployed are not in the
labor force.  The unemployment rate is the number unemployed as a percent
of the  labor force.  The labor force participation rate is the labor force
as a percent of the population, and the employment-population ratio is the
employed as a percent of the population.
 
 Establishment survey.  The sample establishments are drawn from private
nonfarm businesses such as factories, offices, and stores, as well as
Federal, State, and local government entities.  Employees on nonfarm
payrolls are those who received pay for any part of the reference pay
period, including persons on paid leave.  Persons are counted in each job
they hold.  Hours and earnings data are for private businesses and relate
only to production workers in the goods-producing sector and nonsupervisory
workers in the service-producing sector.

                                  - 8 -
 
 Differences in employment estimates.  The numerous conceptual and
methodological differences between the household and establishment surveys
result in important distinctions in the employment estimates derived from
the surveys.  Among these are:
 
 --The household survey includes agricultural workers, the self-employed,
unpaid family workers, and private household workers among the employed.
These groups are excluded from the establishment survey.

 --The household survey includes people on unpaid leave among the
employed. The establishment survey does not.
 
 --The household survey is limited to  workers 16 years of age and older.
The establishment survey is not limited by age.
 
 --The  household survey has no duplication of individuals, because
individuals  are counted only once, even if they hold more than one job. In
the establishment survey, employees working at more than one job  and thus
appearing on more than one payroll would be counted separately for each
appearance.
 
Seasonal adjustment
 
 Over the course of a year, the size of the nation's labor force and the
levels of employment and unemployment undergo sharp fluctuations due to
such seasonal events as changes in weather, reduced or expanded production,
harvests, major holidays, and the opening and closing of schools.  The
effect of such seasonal  variation can  be  very large; seasonal
fluctuations may account for as much as 95 percent of the month-to-month
changes in unemployment.
 
 Because these seasonal events follow a more or less regular pattern each
year, their influence on statistical trends can be eliminated by adjusting
the statistics from month to month.  These adjustments make nonseasonal
developments, such as declines in economic activity or increases in the
participation of women in the labor force, easier to spot.  For example,
the large number of youth entering the labor force each June is likely to
obscure any other changes that have taken place relative to May, making it
difficult to determine if the level of economic activity has risen or
declined.  However, because the effect of students finishing school in
previous years is known, the statistics for the current year can be
adjusted to allow for a comparable change.  Insofar as the seasonal
adjustment is made correctly, the adjusted figure provides a more useful
tool with which to analyze changes in economic activity.
 
 In both the household and establishment surveys, most seasonally adjusted
series are independently adjusted.  However, the adjusted series for many
major estimates, such as total payroll employment, employment in most major
industry divisions, total employment, and unemployment are computed by
aggregating independently adjusted component series.  For example, total
unemployment is derived by summing the adjusted series for four major age-
sex components; this differs from the unemployment estimate that would be
obtained by directly adjusting the total or by combining the duration,
reasons, or more detailed age categories.
 
 The numerical factors used to make the seasonal adjustments are
recalculated twice a year.  For the household survey, the factors are
calculated for the January-June period and again for the July-December

                                  - 9 -

period.  For the establishment survey, updated factors for seasonal
adjustment are calculated for the May-October period and introduced along
with new benchmarks, and again for the November-April period.  In both
surveys, revisions to historical data are made once a year.

Reliability of the estimates
 
 Statistics based on the household and establishment surveys are subject
to both sampling and nonsampling error.  When a sample rather than the
entire population is surveyed, there is a chance that the sample estimates
may differ from the "true" population values they represent.  The exact
difference, or sampling error, varies depending on the particular sample
selected, and this variability is measured by the standard error of the
estimate.  There is about a 90-percent chance, or level of confidence, that
an estimate based on a sample will differ by no more than 1.6 standard
errors from the "true" population value because of sampling error.  BLS
analyses are generally conducted at the 90-percent level of confidence.
 
 For example, the confidence interval for the monthly change in total
employment from the household survey is on the order of plus or minus
290,000.  Suppose the estimate of total employment increases by 100,000
from one month to the next.  The 90-percent confidence interval on the
monthly change would range from -190,000 to 390,000 (100,000 +/- 290,000).
These figures do not mean that the sample results are off by these
magnitudes, but rather that there is about a 90-percent chance that the
"true" over-the-month change lies within this interval.  Since this range
includes values of less than zero, we could not say with confidence that
employment had, in fact, increased.  If, however, the reported employment
rise was half a million, then all of the values within the 90-percent
confidence interval would be greater than zero.  In this case, it is likely
(at least a 90-percent chance) that an employment rise had, in fact,
occurred.  At an unemployment rate of around 4 percent, the 90-percent con-
fidence interval for the monthly change in unemployment is about +/- 270,000, 
and for the monthly change in the unemployment rate it is about +/- .19 
percentage point.
 
 In general, estimates involving many individuals or establishments have
lower standard errors (relative to the size of the estimate) than estimates
which are based on a small number of observations.  The precision of
estimates is also improved when the data are cumulated over time such as
for quarterly and annual averages.  The seasonal adjustment process can
also improve the stability of the monthly estimates.
 
 The household and establishment surveys are also affected by nonsampling
error.  Nonsampling errors can occur for many reasons, including the
failure to sample a segment of the population, inability to obtain
information for all respondents in the sample, inability or unwillingness
of respondents to provide correct information on a timely basis, mistakes
made by respondents, and errors made in the collection or processing of the
data.
 
 For example, in the establishment survey, estimates for the most recent 2
months are based on substantially incomplete returns; for this reason,
these estimates are labeled preliminary in the tables.  It is only after
two successive revisions to a monthly estimate, when nearly all sample
reports have been received, that the estimate is considered final.
 
 Another major source of nonsampling error in the establishment survey is
the inability to capture, on a timely basis, employment generated by new
firms.  To correct for this systematic underestimation of employment growth
(and other sources of error), a process known as bias adjustment is
included in the survey's estimating procedures, whereby a specified number
of jobs is added to the monthly sample-based change.  The size of the

                                  - 10 -

monthly bias adjustment is based largely on past relationships between the
sample-based estimates of employment and the total counts of employment
described below.
 
 The sample-based estimates from the establishment survey are adjusted
once a year (on a lagged basis) to universe counts of payroll employment
obtained from administrative records of the unemployment insurance program.
The difference between the March sample-based employment estimates and the
March universe counts is known as a benchmark revision, and serves as a
rough proxy for total survey error.  The new benchmarks also incorporate
changes in the classification of industries.  Over the past decade, the
benchmark revision for total nonfarm employment has averaged 0.3 percent,
ranging from zero to 0.7 percent.

Additional statistics and other information
 
 More comprehensive statistics are contained in Employment and Earnings,
published each month by BLS.  It is available for $27.00 per issue or
$53.00 per year from the U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC
20402.  All orders must be prepaid by sending a check or money order
payable to the Superintendent of Documents, or by charging to Mastercard or
Visa.
 
 Employment and Earnings also provides measures of sampling error for the
household survey data published in this release.  For unemployment and
other labor force categories, these measures appear in tables 1-B through
1-D of its "Explanatory Notes."  Measures of the reliability of the data
drawn from the establishment survey and the actual amounts of revision due
to benchmark adjustments are provided in tables 2-B through 2-H of that
publication.
 
 Information in this release will be made available to sensory impaired
individuals upon request.  Voice phone:  202-691-5200; TDD message referral
phone:  1-800-877-8339.
 
 
 
 

  HOUSEHOLD DATA                                                                                                                                                HOUSEHOLD DATA
  
  Table A-1.  Employment status of the civilian population by sex and age

  (Numbers in thousands)
                                                                                                                            
                                                                                                                            
                                                                                                                            
                                                     Not seasonally adjusted              Seasonally adjusted(1)            
                                                                                                                            
           Employment status, sex, and age                                                                                  
                                                                                                                            
                                                                                                                            
                                                       Dec.    Nov.    Dec.    Dec.    Aug.    Sept.   Oct.    Nov.    Dec. 
                                                       2001    2002    2002    2001    2002    2002    2002    2002    2002 
                                                                                                                            
                        TOTAL                                                                                               
                                                                                                                            
  Civilian noninstitutional population.............. 212,927 214,819 214,968 212,927 214,225 214,429 214,643 214,819 214,968
    Civilian labor force............................ 141,912 142,405 142,298 142,314 142,616 143,277 143,123 142,733 142,542
          Participation rate........................    66.6    66.3    66.2    66.8    66.6    66.8    66.7    66.4    66.3
      Employed...................................... 134,235 134,358 134,232 134,055 134,474 135,185 134,914 134,225 133,952
          Employment-population ratio...............    63.0    62.5    62.4    63.0    62.8    63.0    62.9    62.5    62.3
        Agriculture.................................   2,946   3,182   3,046   3,246   3,188   3,298   3,525   3,357   3,311
        Nonagricultural industries.................. 131,288 131,176 131,186 130,809 131,286 131,887 131,389 130,867 130,640
      Unemployed....................................   7,678   8,047   8,066   8,259   8,142   8,092   8,209   8,508   8,590
          Unemployment rate.........................     5.4     5.7     5.7     5.8     5.7     5.6     5.7     6.0     6.0
    Not in labor force..............................  71,015  72,414  72,670  70,613  71,609  71,152  71,519  72,087  72,425
      Persons who currently want a job..............   4,347   4,348   4,171   4,661   4,503   4,674   4,444   4,716   4,442
                                                                                                                            
                Men, 16 years and over                                                                                      
                                                                                                                            
  Civilian noninstitutional population.............. 102,402 103,347 103,421 102,402 103,046 103,148 103,259 103,347 103,421
    Civilian labor force............................  75,643  75,726  75,627  75,976  76,088  76,480  76,262  76,132  75,853
          Participation rate........................    73.9    73.3    73.1    74.2    73.8    74.1    73.9    73.7    73.3
      Employed......................................  71,311  71,261  70,968  71,577  71,552  72,004  71,854  71,348  71,173
          Employment-population ratio...............    69.6    69.0    68.6    69.9    69.4    69.8    69.6    69.0    68.8
      Unemployed....................................   4,332   4,465   4,659   4,399   4,536   4,476   4,408   4,784   4,680
          Unemployment rate.........................     5.7     5.9     6.2     5.8     6.0     5.9     5.8     6.3     6.2
                                                                                                                            
                Men, 20 years and over                                                                                      
                                                                                                                            
  Civilian noninstitutional population..............  94,161  95,158  95,251  94,161  94,756  94,906  95,020  95,158  95,251
    Civilian labor force............................  71,862  72,013  72,045  71,988  72,203  72,473  72,342  72,185  72,067
          Participation rate........................    76.3    75.7    75.6    76.5    76.2    76.4    76.1    75.9    75.7
      Employed......................................  68,172  68,216  67,988  68,276  68,447  68,711  68,545  68,099  68,035
          Employment-population ratio...............    72.4    71.7    71.4    72.5    72.2    72.4    72.1    71.6    71.4
        Agriculture.................................   1,962   2,258   2,134   2,141   2,221   2,226   2,432   2,337   2,312
        Nonagricultural industries..................  66,210  65,958  65,854  66,135  66,226  66,485  66,114  65,761  65,723
      Unemployed....................................   3,690   3,796   4,056   3,712   3,757   3,762   3,796   4,087   4,032
          Unemployment rate.........................     5.1     5.3     5.6     5.2     5.2     5.2     5.2     5.7     5.6
                                                                                                                            
               Women, 16 years and over                                                                                     
                                                                                                                            
  Civilian noninstitutional population.............. 110,525 111,472 111,547 110,525 111,179 111,281 111,383 111,472 111,547
    Civilian labor force............................  66,269  66,679  66,670  66,338  66,527  66,797  66,862  66,601  66,690
          Participation rate........................    60.0    59.8    59.8    60.0    59.8    60.0    60.0    59.7    59.8
      Employed......................................  62,923  63,097  63,264  62,478  62,922  63,181  63,061  62,877  62,779
          Employment-population ratio...............    56.9    56.6    56.7    56.5    56.6    56.8    56.6    56.4    56.3
      Unemployed....................................   3,346   3,582   3,407   3,860   3,605   3,616   3,801   3,724   3,910
          Unemployment rate.........................     5.0     5.4     5.1     5.8     5.4     5.4     5.7     5.6     5.9
                                                                                                                            
               Women, 20 years and over                                                                                     
                                                                                                                            
  Civilian noninstitutional population.............. 102,492 103,499 103,572 102,492 103,256 103,335 103,416 103,499 103,572
    Civilian labor force............................  62,521  63,054  63,087  62,481  62,783  62,929  63,045  62,906  63,005
          Participation rate........................    61.0    60.9    60.9    61.0    60.8    60.9    61.0    60.8    60.8
      Employed......................................  59,665  60,049  60,139  59,205  59,710  59,835  59,764  59,765  59,652
          Employment-population ratio...............    58.2    58.0    58.1    57.8    57.8    57.9    57.8    57.7    57.6
        Agriculture.................................     798     762     766     859     772     845     865     832     808
        Nonagricultural industries..................  58,867  59,287  59,373  58,346  58,938  58,991  58,899  58,933  58,844
      Unemployed....................................   2,856   3,005   2,948   3,276   3,073   3,094   3,281   3,140   3,353
          Unemployment rate.........................     4.6     4.8     4.7     5.2     4.9     4.9     5.2     5.0     5.3
                                                                                                                            
              Both sexes, 16 to 19 years                                                                                    
                                                                                                                            
  Civilian  noninstitutional population.............  16,275  16,163  16,144  16,275  16,212  16,189  16,206  16,163  16,144
    Civilian labor force............................   7,529   7,338   7,166   7,845   7,630   7,874   7,737   7,642   7,470
          Participation rate........................    46.3    45.4    44.4    48.2    47.1    48.6    47.7    47.3    46.3
      Employed......................................   6,397   6,093   6,104   6,574   6,318   6,639   6,605   6,361   6,265
          Employment-population ratio...............    39.3    37.7    37.8    40.4    39.0    41.0    40.8    39.4    38.8
        Agriculture.................................     186     162     145     246     196     227     229     188     191
        Nonagricultural industries..................   6,211   5,931   5,959   6,328   6,122   6,411   6,376   6,173   6,074
      Unemployed....................................   1,131   1,246   1,062   1,271   1,312   1,236   1,131   1,282   1,205
          Unemployment rate.........................    15.0    17.0    14.8    16.2    17.2    15.7    14.6    16.8    16.1

    1 The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted
  and seasonally adjusted columns.





  HOUSEHOLD DATA                                                                                              HOUSEHOLD DATA
  
  Table A-2.  Employment status of the civilian population by race, sex, age, and Hispanic origin

  (Numbers in thousands)
                                                                                                                            
                                                                                                                            
                                                                                                                            
                                                     Not seasonally adjusted              Seasonally adjusted(1)            
                                                                                                                            
        Employment status, race, sex, age, and                                                                              
                   Hispanic origin                                                                                          
                                                                                                                            
                                                       Dec.    Nov.    Dec.    Dec.    Aug.    Sept.   Oct.    Nov.    Dec. 
                                                       2001    2002    2002    2001    2002    2002    2002    2002    2002 
                                                                                                                            
                        WHITE                                                                                               
  Civilian noninstitutional population.............. 176,607 177,896 177,992 176,607 177,486 177,628 177,777 177,896 177,992
    Civilian labor force............................ 118,126 118,335 118,071 118,403 118,919 119,021 118,969 118,710 118,251
        Participation rate..........................    66.9    66.5    66.3    67.0    67.0    67.0    66.9    66.7    66.4
      Employed...................................... 112,459 112,585 112,311 112,388 112,844 113,010 112,882 112,562 112,165
        Employment-population ratio.................    63.7    63.3    63.1    63.6    63.6    63.6    63.5    63.3    63.0
      Unemployed....................................   5,667   5,749   5,760   6,015   6,075   6,011   6,087   6,149   6,086
        Unemployment rate...........................     4.8     4.9     4.9     5.1     5.1     5.1     5.1     5.2     5.1
                                                                                                                            
                Men, 20 years and over                                                                                      
    Civilian labor force............................  60,779  60,864  60,789  60,875  61,240  61,212  61,101  61,056  60,809
        Participation rate..........................    76.7    76.2    76.0    76.8    76.9    76.7    76.5    76.4    76.1
      Employed......................................  57,950  58,060  57,782  58,051  58,332  58,331  58,219  58,002  57,840
        Employment-population ratio.................    73.1    72.7    72.3    73.3    73.2    73.1    72.9    72.6    72.3
      Unemployed....................................   2,829   2,804   3,007   2,824   2,908   2,881   2,882   3,054   2,969
        Unemployment rate...........................     4.7     4.6     4.9     4.6     4.7     4.7     4.7     5.0     4.9
                                                                                                                            
               Women, 20 years and over                                                                                     
    Civilian labor force............................  50,999  51,245  51,189  50,869  51,297  51,212  51,370  51,116  51,058
        Participation rate..........................    60.3    60.2    60.1    60.2    60.4    60.2    60.4    60.0    59.9
      Employed......................................  48,974  49,219  49,198  48,591  49,076  48,994  49,053  48,974  48,808
        Employment-population ratio.................    57.9    57.8    57.7    57.5    57.8    57.6    57.6    57.5    57.3
      Unemployed....................................   2,025   2,026   1,991   2,278   2,221   2,218   2,318   2,142   2,250
        Unemployment rate...........................     4.0     4.0     3.9     4.5     4.3     4.3     4.5     4.2     4.4
                                                                                                                            
              Both sexes, 16 to 19 years                                                                                    
    Civilian labor force............................   6,348   6,226   6,092   6,659   6,382   6,597   6,499   6,538   6,385
        Participation rate..........................    49.4    48.4    47.4    51.8    49.7    51.3    50.6    50.9    49.7
      Employed......................................   5,535   5,307   5,331   5,746   5,437   5,685   5,610   5,586   5,518
        Employment-population ratio.................    43.0    41.3    41.5    44.7    42.3    44.2    43.7    43.5    43.0
      Unemployed....................................     813     920     761     913     945     911     888     953     867
        Unemployment rate...........................    12.8    14.8    12.5    13.7    14.8    13.8    13.7    14.6    13.6
          Men.......................................    14.3    16.1    14.2    14.6    17.5    15.3    14.4    15.8    14.6
          Women.....................................    11.3    13.4    10.7    12.8    12.1    12.3    13.0    13.3    12.5
                                                                                                                            
                        BLACK                                                                                               
  Civilian noninstitutional population..............  25,752  26,116  26,148  25,752  26,000  26,039  26,081  26,116  26,148
    Civilian labor force............................  16,851  16,843  16,983  16,833  16,753  17,053  16,940  16,820  16,958
        Participation rate..........................    65.4    64.5    64.9    65.4    64.4    65.5    65.0    64.4    64.9
      Employed......................................  15,262  15,056  15,168  15,122  15,142  15,420  15,275  14,974  15,006
        Employment-population ratio.................    59.3    57.6    58.0    58.7    58.2    59.2    58.6    57.3    57.4
      Unemployed....................................   1,589   1,787   1,815   1,711   1,611   1,633   1,665   1,846   1,952
        Unemployment rate...........................     9.4    10.6    10.7    10.2     9.6     9.6     9.8    11.0    11.5
                                                                                                                            
                Men, 20 years and over                                                                                      
    Civilian labor force............................   7,526   7,429   7,486   7,490   7,492   7,652   7,566   7,400   7,446
        Participation rate..........................    72.8    70.8    71.2    72.5    71.7    73.1    72.2    70.5    70.8
      Employed......................................   6,840   6,662   6,685   6,811   6,834   6,944   6,829   6,596   6,652
        Employment-population ratio.................    66.2    63.5    63.6    65.9    65.4    66.4    65.1    62.8    63.3
      Unemployed....................................     686     766     801     679     658     708     738     803     794
        Unemployment rate...........................     9.1    10.3    10.7     9.1     8.8     9.3     9.7    10.9    10.7
                                                                                                                            
               Women, 20 years and over                                                                                     
    Civilian labor force............................   8,453   8,546   8,645   8,456   8,414   8,465   8,460   8,522   8,641
        Participation rate..........................    65.4    65.2    65.9    65.4    64.5    64.8    64.6    65.0    65.8
      Employed......................................   7,811   7,786   7,888   7,720   7,719   7,799   7,744   7,755   7,771
        Employment-population ratio.................    60.4    59.4    60.1    59.7    59.1    59.7    59.1    59.2    59.2
      Unemployed....................................     642     760     758     736     695     665     716     768     870
        Unemployment rate...........................     7.6     8.9     8.8     8.7     8.3     7.9     8.5     9.0    10.1
                                                                                                                            
              Both sexes, 16 to 19 years                                                                                    
    Civilian labor force............................     871     868     851     887     847     936     914     898     871
        Participation rate..........................    34.9    34.6    33.9    35.5    33.9    37.4    36.5    35.8    34.7
      Employed......................................     610     608     595     591     589     677     702     623     583
        Employment-population ratio.................    24.4    24.2    23.7    23.7    23.5    27.0    28.1    24.8    23.2
      Unemployed....................................     262     260     256     296     258     259     211     275     288
        Unemployment rate...........................    30.0    30.0    30.1    33.4    30.5    27.7    23.1    30.6    33.1
          Men.......................................    31.3    28.4    33.4    32.0    30.5    34.7    24.8    29.7    34.4
          Women.....................................    28.5    31.5    27.3    34.8    30.4    20.8    21.3    31.6    32.0
                                                                                                                            
                   HISPANIC ORIGIN                                                                                          
  Civilian noninstitutional population..............  23,478  24,194  24,255  23,478  23,999  24,065  24,129  24,194  24,255
    Civilian labor force............................  15,994  16,265  16,276  16,013  16,240  16,294  16,216  16,347  16,261
        Participation rate..........................    68.1    67.2    67.1    68.2    67.7    67.7    67.2    67.6    67.0
      Employed......................................  14,760  15,031  14,991  14,753  15,014  15,095  14,952  15,076  14,976
        Employment-population ratio.................    62.9    62.1    61.8    62.8    62.6    62.7    62.0    62.3    61.7
      Unemployed....................................   1,234   1,234   1,285   1,260   1,225   1,198   1,264   1,271   1,285
        Unemployment rate...........................     7.7     7.6     7.9     7.9     7.5     7.4     7.8     7.8     7.9

    1 The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted
  and seasonally adjusted columns.
      NOTE:  Detail for the above race and Hispanic-origin groups will not sum to totals because data for the "other races"
  group are not presented and Hispanics are included in both the white and black population groups.  






  HOUSEHOLD DATA                                                                                               HOUSEHOLD DATA
  
  Table A-3. Employment status of the civilian population 25 years and over by educational attainment

  (Numbers in thousands)
                                                                                                                             
                                                                                                                             
                                                                                                                             
                                               Not seasonally adjusted                  Seasonally adjusted(1)               
                                                                                                                             
            Educational attainment                                                                                           
                                                                                                                             
                                                Dec.     Nov.     Dec.     Dec.     Aug.     Sept.    Oct.     Nov.     Dec.  
                                                2001     2002     2002     2001     2002     2002     2002     2002     2002  
                                                                                                                             
                                                                                                                             
       Less than a high school diploma                                                                                       
                                                                                                                             
  Civilian noninstitutional population......   27,815   26,983   27,360   27,815   26,900   26,847   26,865   26,983   27,360
    Civilian labor force....................   12,195   11,854   11,972   12,257   11,752   11,808   11,813   11,908   12,039
        Percent of population...............     43.8     43.9     43.8     44.1     43.7     44.0     44.0     44.1     44.0
      Employed..............................   11,099   10,775   10,796   11,173   10,762   10,883   10,778   10,819   10,894
        Employment-population ratio.........     39.9     39.9     39.5     40.2     40.0     40.5     40.1     40.1     39.8
      Unemployed............................    1,097    1,079    1,176    1,084      991      925    1,034    1,090    1,145
        Unemployment rate...................      9.0      9.1      9.8      8.8      8.4      7.8      8.8      9.2      9.5
                                                                                                                             
     High school graduates, no college(2)                                                                                    
                                                                                                                             
  Civilian noninstitutional population......   57,520   58,454   58,103   57,520   57,778   58,097   57,949   58,454   58,103
    Civilian labor force....................   37,036   37,360   37,275   36,856   37,203   37,533   37,380   37,220   37,042
        Percent of population...............     64.4     63.9     64.2     64.1     64.4     64.6     64.5     63.7     63.8
      Employed..............................   35,248   35,487   35,338   35,051   35,323   35,668   35,571   35,276   35,058
        Employment-population ratio.........     61.3     60.7     60.8     60.9     61.1     61.4     61.4     60.3     60.3
      Unemployed............................    1,789    1,872    1,936    1,805    1,880    1,865    1,810    1,944    1,984
        Unemployment rate...................      4.8      5.0      5.2      4.9      5.1      5.0      4.8      5.2      5.4
                                                                                                                             
       Less than a bachelor's degree(3)                                                                                      
                                                                                                                             
  Civilian noninstitutional population......   45,362   45,964   46,074   45,362   45,494   45,386   45,898   45,964   46,074
    Civilian labor force....................   33,563   33,602   33,565   33,521   33,184   33,599   33,510   33,454   33,402
        Percent of population...............     74.0     73.1     72.8     73.9     72.9     74.0     73.0     72.8     72.5
      Employed..............................   32,216   32,101   31,995   32,087   31,742   32,013   32,021   31,878   31,741
        Employment-population ratio.........     71.0     69.8     69.4     70.7     69.8     70.5     69.8     69.4     68.9
      Unemployed............................    1,347    1,501    1,570    1,434    1,443    1,586    1,489    1,576    1,662
        Unemployment rate...................      4.0      4.5      4.7      4.3      4.3      4.7      4.4      4.7      5.0
                                                                                                                             
              College graduates                                                                                              
                                                                                                                             
  Civilian noninstitutional population......   46,877   47,835   47,863   46,877   48,583   48,557   48,334   47,835   47,863
    Civilian labor force....................   37,071   37,582   37,705   37,101   37,996   37,997   37,896   37,665   37,727
        Percent of population...............     79.1     78.6     78.8     79.1     78.2     78.3     78.4     78.7     78.8
      Employed..............................   36,045   36,554   36,680   35,960   36,974   36,896   36,731   36,554   36,607
        Employment-population ratio.........     76.9     76.4     76.6     76.7     76.1     76.0     76.0     76.4     76.5
      Unemployed............................    1,026    1,028    1,025    1,141    1,021    1,101    1,165    1,111    1,120
        Unemployment rate...................      2.8      2.7      2.7      3.1      2.7      2.9      3.1      2.9      3.0

    1 The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation, therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted
  and seasonally adjusted columns.
    2 Includes high school diploma or equivalent.
    3 Includes the categories, some college, no degree; and associate degree.


 
 
 

  HOUSEHOLD DATA                                                                                              HOUSEHOLD DATA
  
  Table A-4. Selected employment indicators

  (In thousands)
                                                                                                                            
                                                                                                                            
                                                                                                                            
                                                     Not seasonally adjusted               Seasonally adjusted              
                                                                                                                            
                       Category                                                                                             
                                                                                                                            
                                                                                                                            
                                                       Dec.    Nov.    Dec.    Dec.    Aug.    Sept.   Oct.    Nov.    Dec. 
                                                       2001    2002    2002    2001    2002    2002    2002    2002    2002 
                                                                                                                            
                    CHARACTERISTIC                                                                                          
                                                                                                                            
  Total employed, 16 years and over................. 134,235 134,358 134,232 134,055 134,474 135,185 134,914 134,225 133,952
    Married men, spouse present.....................  42,879  43,258  43,107  42,772  43,371  43,225  43,376  43,172  43,064
    Married women, spouse present...................  33,514  33,804  33,813  33,209  33,723  33,997  33,773  33,669  33,544
    Women who maintain families.....................   8,504   8,436   8,527   8,458   8,419   8,357   8,377   8,361   8,493
                                                                                                                            
                      OCCUPATION                                                                                            
                                                                                                                            
    Managerial and professional specialty...........  41,953  41,821  41,808  41,890  42,152  42,385  42,351  41,693  41,716
    Technical, sales, and administrative support....  38,970  38,690  38,833  38,573  38,892  38,623  38,241  38,613  38,372
    Service occupations.............................  18,408  18,963  19,148  18,532  18,771  18,884  19,393  19,021  19,303
    Precision production, craft, and repair.........  14,513  14,361  14,103  14,507  14,242  14,503  14,275  14,361  14,075
    Operators, fabricators, and laborers............  17,365  17,265  17,226  17,179  17,142  17,345  17,093  17,014  17,088
    Farming, forestry, and fishing..................   3,026   3,256   3,114   3,371   3,340   3,361   3,630   3,457   3,441
                                                                                                                            
                   CLASS OF WORKER                                                                                          
                                                                                                                            
    Agriculture:                                                                                                            
      Wage and salary workers.......................   1,715   1,920   1,833   1,879   1,927   2,054   2,186   2,038   2,003
      Self-employed workers.........................   1,211   1,226   1,183   1,313   1,231   1,221   1,322   1,293   1,272
      Unpaid family workers.........................      20      36      29      27      24      25      34      42      42
    Nonagricultural industries:                                                                                             
      Wage and salary workers....................... 122,781 122,201 122,397 122,196 122,885 123,327 122,653 121,856 121,826
        Government..................................  19,418  19,578  19,438  19,183  19,596  19,442  19,423  19,384  19,207
        Private industries.......................... 103,364 102,623 102,959 103,013 103,289 103,885 103,230 102,472 102,618
          Private households........................     743     914     802     736     887     934     902     931     783
          Other industries.......................... 102,620 101,708 102,157 102,277 102,402 102,951 102,328 101,541 101,836
      Self-employed workers.........................   8,406   8,874   8,713   8,524   8,368   8,439   8,582   8,910   8,801
      Unpaid family workers.........................     101     101      77      92      87      91      94      98      71
                                                                                                                            
              PERSONS AT WORK PART TIME                                                                                     
                                                                                                                            
    All industries:                                                                                                         
      Part time for economic reasons................   4,388   4,080   4,278   4,267   4,325   4,217   4,262   4,155   4,086
        Slack work or business conditions...........   2,943   2,699   2,942   2,809   2,880   2,687   2,908   2,715   2,767
        Could only find part-time work..............   1,117   1,127   1,069   1,161   1,159   1,202   1,130   1,190   1,096
      Part time for noneconomic reasons.............  19,801  19,661  19,548  18,540  19,120  18,833  18,484  18,548  18,270
                                                                                                                            
    Nonagricultural industries:                                                                                             
      Part time for economic reasons................   4,199   3,931   4,074   4,119   4,060   4,068   4,148   4,032   3,928
        Slack work or business conditions...........   2,826   2,604   2,811   2,717   2,715   2,596   2,834   2,631   2,657
        Could only find part-time work..............   1,103   1,103   1,046   1,138   1,131   1,174   1,097   1,158   1,068
      Part time for noneconomic reasons.............  19,228  19,123  19,014  17,960  18,609  18,300  17,884  17,990  17,737

      NOTE:  Persons at work excludes employed persons who were absent from their jobs during the entire reference week for
  reasons such as vacation, illness, or industrial dispute.  Part time for noneconomic reasons excludes persons who usually
  work full time but worked only 1 to 34 hours during the reference week for reasons such as holidays, illness, and bad
  weather.





  HOUSEHOLD DATA                                                                                              HOUSEHOLD DATA
  
  Table A-5. Selected unemployment indicators, seasonally adjusted
                                                                                                                            
                                                                                                                            
                                                            Number of                                                       
                                                        unemployed persons                Unemployment rates(1)             
                                                          (in thousands)                                                    
                       Category                                                                                             
                                                                                                                            
                                                       Dec.    Nov.    Dec.    Dec.    Aug.    Sept.   Oct.    Nov.    Dec. 
                                                       2001    2002    2002    2001    2002    2002    2002    2002    2002 
                                                                                                                            
                    CHARACTERISTIC                                                                                          
                                                                                                                            
   Total, 16 years and over.........................   8,259   8,508   8,590    5.8     5.7     5.6     5.7     6.0     6.0 
     Men, 20 years and over.........................   3,712   4,087   4,032    5.2     5.2     5.2     5.2     5.7     5.6 
     Women, 20 years and over.......................   3,276   3,140   3,353    5.2     4.9     4.9     5.2     5.0     5.3 
     Both sexes, 16 to 19 years.....................   1,271   1,282   1,205   16.2    17.2    15.7    14.6    16.8    16.1 
                                                                                                                            
     Married men, spouse present....................   1,516   1,603   1,627    3.4     3.4     3.6     3.4     3.6     3.6 
     Married women, spouse present..................   1,280   1,318   1,325    3.7     3.5     3.6     3.8     3.8     3.8 
     Women who maintain families....................     731     760     808    8.0     7.3     7.2     8.0     8.3     8.7 
                                                                                                                            
     Full-time workers..............................   6,820   7,235   7,240    5.8     5.7     5.7     5.8     6.1     6.1 
     Part-time workers..............................   1,383   1,270   1,340    5.6     5.6     5.3     5.3     5.1     5.4 
                                                                                                                            
                    OCCUPATION(2)                                                                                           
                                                                                                                            
     Managerial and professional specialty..........   1,233   1,342   1,398    2.9     3.1     3.1     3.0     3.1     3.2 
     Technical, sales, and administrative support...   2,114   2,136   2,071    5.2     5.2     5.3     5.3     5.2     5.1 
     Precision production, craft, and repair........     889     984     984    5.8     6.2     5.8     6.3     6.4     6.5 
     Operators, fabricators, and laborers...........   1,738   1,651   1,784    9.2     8.3     8.5     8.5     8.8     9.5 
     Farming, forestry, and fishing.................     264     278     223    7.3     9.3     8.2     6.9     7.4     6.1 
                                                                                                                            
                       INDUSTRY                                                                                             
                                                                                                                            
     Nonagricultural private wage and salary workers   6,839   6,858   7,091    6.2     6.0     6.0     6.2     6.3     6.5 
       Goods-producing industries...................   2,072   2,049   2,153    7.4     7.2     7.4     7.4     7.5     7.9 
         Mining.....................................      32      45      53    6.1     6.0     8.0     5.2     7.6     8.8 
         Construction...............................     734     774     854    8.9     9.5     9.3     9.9     9.3    10.4 
         Manufacturing..............................   1,306   1,230   1,247    6.8     6.3     6.5     6.4     6.6     6.8 
           Durable goods............................     846     795     815    7.2     6.5     6.9     6.5     7.0     7.2 
           Nondurable goods.........................     460     435     432    6.1     5.9     5.9     6.2     6.1     6.1 
       Service-producing industries.................   4,767   4,809   4,938    5.8     5.6     5.5     5.8     5.9     6.0 
         Transportation and public utilities........     497     439     424    6.1     4.8     5.0     5.2     5.6     5.4 
         Wholesale and retail trade.................   1,963   2,046   1,936    7.1     6.8     6.9     7.3     7.5     7.0 
         Finance, insurance, and real estate........     244     277     307    3.0     3.1     3.1     3.0     3.2     3.6 
         Services...................................   2,063   2,047   2,271    5.5     5.4     5.1     5.4     5.4     5.9 
     Government workers.............................     475     504     517    2.4     2.4     2.7     2.8     2.5     2.6 
     Agricultural wage and salary workers...........     199     195     158    9.6     9.8     8.8     6.7     8.7     7.3 

    1 Unemployment as a percent of the civilian labor force.
    2 Seasonally adjusted unemployment data for service occupations are not available because the seasonal component, which
  is small relative to the trend-cycle and irregular components, cannot be separated with sufficient precision.
 





  HOUSEHOLD DATA                                                                                              HOUSEHOLD DATA
  
  Table A-6. Duration of unemployment

  (Numbers in thousands)
                                                                                                                            
                                                                                                                            
                                                                                                                            
                                                     Not seasonally adjusted               Seasonally adjusted              
                                                                                                                            
                       Duration                                                                                             
                                                                                                                            
                                                       Dec.    Nov.    Dec.    Dec.    Aug.    Sept.   Oct.    Nov.    Dec. 
                                                       2001    2002    2002    2001    2002    2002    2002    2002    2002 
                                                                                                                            
                 NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED                                                                                       
                                                                                                                            
   Less than 5 weeks................................   2,641   2,744   2,455   3,024   2,880   2,708   2,715   2,904   2,783
   5 to 14 weeks....................................   2,749   2,462   2,544   2,724   2,431   2,511   2,471   2,490   2,496
   15 weeks and over................................   2,287   2,841   3,067   2,410   2,783   2,900   2,980   3,022   3,225
      15 to 26 weeks................................   1,185   1,199   1,226   1,295   1,309   1,315   1,324   1,288   1,369
      27 weeks and over.............................   1,103   1,642   1,841   1,115   1,474   1,585   1,656   1,734   1,856
                                                                                                                            
   Average (mean) duration, in weeks................    14.8    17.7    18.9    14.5    16.2    17.8    17.5    17.7    18.5
   Median duration, in weeks........................     8.3     9.1     9.8     8.2     8.4     9.5     9.6     9.3     9.6
                                                                                                                            
                 PERCENT DISTRIBUTION                                                                                       
                                                                                                                            
   Total unemployed.................................   100.0   100.0   100.0   100.0   100.0   100.0   100.0   100.0   100.0
     Less than 5 weeks..............................    34.4    34.1    30.4    37.1    35.6    33.4    33.2    34.5    32.7
     5 to 14 weeks..................................    35.8    30.6    31.5    33.4    30.0    30.9    30.3    29.6    29.4
     15 weeks and over..............................    29.8    35.3    38.0    29.5    34.4    35.7    36.5    35.9    37.9
       15 to 26 weeks...............................    15.4    14.9    15.2    15.9    16.2    16.2    16.2    15.3    16.1
       27 weeks and over............................    14.4    20.4    22.8    13.7    18.2    19.5    20.3    20.6    21.8
 





  HOUSEHOLD DATA                                                                                              HOUSEHOLD DATA
  
  Table A-7. Reason for unemployment

  (Numbers in thousands)
                                                                                                                            
                                                                                                                            
                                                                                                                            
                                                     Not seasonally adjusted               Seasonally adjusted              
                                                                                                                            
                        Reason                                                                                              
                                                                                                                            
                                                       Dec.    Nov.    Dec.    Dec.    Aug.    Sept.   Oct.    Nov.    Dec. 
                                                       2001    2002    2002    2001    2002    2002    2002    2002    2002 
                                                                                                                            
                 NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED                                                                                       
                                                                                                                            
  Job losers and persons who completed temporary                                                                            
     jobs...........................................   4,420   4,451   4,739   4,492   4,560   4,535   4,737   4,651   4,633
    On temporary layoff.............................   1,183     915   1,173   1,107   1,151     999   1,054   1,031   1,085
    Not on temporary layoff.........................   3,237   3,536   3,566   3,385   3,410   3,536   3,682   3,619   3,547
      Permanent job losers..........................   2,463   2,769   2,738   (1)     (1)     (1)     (1)     (1)     (1)  
      Persons who completed temporary jobs..........     774     766     828   (1)     (1)     (1)     (1)     (1)     (1)  
  Job leavers.......................................     814     778     778     908     824     781     838     822     868
  Reentrants........................................   2,051   2,269   2,141   2,361   2,270   2,263   2,344   2,376   2,475
  New entrants......................................     393     549     407     495     619     526     469     588     515
                                                                                                                            
                 PERCENT DISTRIBUTION                                                                                       
                                                                                                                            
  Total unemployed..................................   100.0   100.0   100.0   100.0   100.0   100.0   100.0   100.0   100.0
   Job losers and persons who completed temporary                                                                           
     jobs...........................................    57.6    55.3    58.8    54.4    55.1    56.0    56.5    55.1    54.6
     On temporary layoff............................    15.4    11.4    14.5    13.4    13.9    12.3    12.6    12.2    12.8
     Not on temporary layoff........................    42.2    43.9    44.2    41.0    41.2    43.6    43.9    42.9    41.8
   Job leavers......................................    10.6     9.7     9.6    11.0    10.0     9.6    10.0     9.7    10.2
   Reentrants.......................................    26.7    28.2    26.5    28.6    27.4    27.9    27.9    28.2    29.2
   New entrants.....................................     5.1     6.8     5.1     6.0     7.5     6.5     5.6     7.0     6.1
                                                                                                                            
            UNEMPLOYED AS A PERCENT OF THE                                                                                  
                   CIVILIAN LABOR FORCE                                                                                     
                                                                                                                            
   Job losers and persons who completed temporary                                                                           
     jobs...........................................     3.1     3.1     3.3     3.2     3.2     3.2     3.3     3.3     3.2
   Job leavers......................................      .6      .5      .5      .6      .6      .5      .6      .6      .6
   Reentrants.......................................     1.4     1.6     1.5     1.7     1.6     1.6     1.6     1.7     1.7
   New entrants.....................................      .3      .4      .3      .3      .4      .4      .3      .4      .4

    1 Not available.
 





  HOUSEHOLD DATA                                                                                               HOUSEHOLD DATA
  
  Table A-8. Range of alternative measures of labor underutilization

  (Percent)
                                                                                                                             
                                                                                                                             
                                                                                                                             
                                                                  Not seasonally               Seasonally adjusted           
                                                                     adjusted                                                
                            Measure                                                                                          
                                                                                                                             
                                                                                                                             
                                                                 Dec.   Nov.   Dec.   Dec.   Aug.   Sept.  Oct.   Nov.   Dec. 
                                                                 2001   2002   2002   2001   2002   2002   2002   2002   2002 
                                                                                                                             
                                                                                                                             
  U-1 Persons unemployed 15 weeks or longer, as a percent of                                                                 
      the civilian labor force................................    1.6    2.0    2.2    1.7    2.0    2.0    2.1    2.1    2.3
                                                                                                                             
  U-2 Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs, as                                                                
      a percent of the civilian labor force...................    3.1    3.1    3.3    3.2    3.2    3.2    3.3    3.3    3.2
                                                                                                                             
  U-3 Total unemployed, as a percent of the civilian labor                                                                   
      force (official unemployment rate)......................    5.4    5.7    5.7    5.8    5.7    5.6    5.7    6.0    6.0
                                                                                                                             
  U-4 Total unemployed plus discouraged workers, as a percent                                                                
      of the civilian labor force plus discouraged workers....    5.6    5.9    5.9   (1)    (1)    (1)    (1)    (1)    (1) 
                                                                                                                             
  U-5 Total unemployed, plus discouraged workers, plus all                                                                   
      other marginally attached workers, as a percent of the                                                                 
      civilian labor force plus all marginally                                                                               
      attached workers........................................    6.3    6.6    6.6   (1)    (1)    (1)    (1)    (1)    (1) 
                                                                                                                             
  U-6 Total unemployed, plus all marginally attached workers,                                                                
      plus total employed part time for economic reasons,                                                                    
      as a percent of the civilian labor force plus all                                                                      
      marginally attached workers.............................    9.3    9.4    9.6   (1)    (1)    (1)    (1)    (1)    (1) 

    1 Not available.
      NOTE:  This range of alternative measures of labor underutilization replaces the U1-U7 range published in table A-7 of
  this release prior to 1994.  Marginally attached workers are persons who currently are neither working nor looking for work
  but indicate that they want and are available for a job and have looked for work sometime in the recent past.  Discouraged
  workers, a subset of the marginally attached, have given a job-market related reason for not currently looking for a job. 
  Persons employed part time for economic reasons are those who want and are available for full-time work but have had to
  settle for a part-time schedule.  For further information, see "BLS introduces new range of alternative unemployment
  measures,"  in the October 1995 issue of the Monthly Labor Review.
 





  HOUSEHOLD DATA                                                                                              HOUSEHOLD DATA
  
  Table A-9. Unemployed persons by sex and age, seasonally adjusted
                                                                                                                            
                                                                                                                            
                                                                                                                            
                                                            Number of                                                       
                                                        unemployed persons                Unemployment rates(1)             
                                                          (in thousands)                                                    
                     Age and sex                                                                                            
                                                                                                                            
                                                                                                                            
                                                       Dec.    Nov.    Dec.    Dec.    Aug.    Sept.   Oct.    Nov.    Dec. 
                                                       2001    2002    2002    2001    2002    2002    2002    2002    2002 
                                                                                                                            
                                                                                                                            
  Total, 16 years and over..........................   8,259   8,508   8,590    5.8     5.7     5.6     5.7     6.0     6.0 
    16 to 24 years..................................   2,679   2,727   2,628   11.9    12.2    11.8    11.8    12.2    11.9 
      16 to 19 years................................   1,271   1,282   1,205   16.2    17.2    15.7    14.6    16.8    16.1 
        16 to 17 years..............................     566     552     483   18.8    19.7    19.3    16.1    19.4    17.5 
        18 to 19 years..............................     722     729     728   14.8    16.0    13.6    13.8    15.3    15.4 
      20 to 24 years................................   1,408   1,445   1,423    9.6     9.6     9.7    10.3     9.8     9.7 
    25 years and over...............................   5,428   5,754   5,847    4.5     4.5     4.5     4.6     4.8     4.9 
      25 to 54 years................................   4,674   5,014   5,011    4.7     4.6     4.6     4.8     5.0     5.0 
      55 years and over.............................     773     736     897    4.0     4.0     3.7     3.8     3.5     4.3 
                                                                                                                            
    Men, 16 years and over..........................   4,399   4,784   4,680    5.8     6.0     5.9     5.8     6.3     6.2 
      16 to 24 years................................   1,483   1,486   1,421   12.8    13.7    13.2    12.2    12.7    12.4 
        16 to 19 years..............................     687     697     648   17.2    20.1    17.8    15.6    17.7    17.1 
          16 to 17 years............................     308     309     249   20.0    24.5    21.5    17.5    21.1    18.1 
          18 to 19 years............................     382     389     400   15.6    17.8    15.9    14.5    15.7    16.7 
        20 to 24 years..............................     796     789     773   10.5    10.5    10.8    10.4    10.2    10.0 
      25 years and over.............................   2,883   3,271   3,250    4.5     4.6     4.5     4.6     5.1     5.1 
        25 to 54 years..............................   2,413   2,825   2,749    4.5     4.7     4.7     4.8     5.3     5.2 
        55 years and over...........................     447     433     495    4.2     4.1     3.9     3.8     3.9     4.4 
                                                                                                                            
    Women, 16 years and over........................   3,860   3,724   3,910    5.8     5.4     5.4     5.7     5.6     5.9 
      16 to 24 years................................   1,196   1,241   1,207   11.0    10.6    10.3    11.3    11.6    11.3 
        16 to 19 years..............................     584     584     557   15.1    14.2    13.5    13.6    15.8    15.1 
          16 to 17 years............................     258     243     233   17.6    15.1    17.2    14.7    17.6    16.8 
          18 to 19 years............................     340     339     329   14.0    14.1    11.1    13.2    14.8    14.1 
        20 to 24 years..............................     612     657     650    8.7     8.7     8.5    10.1     9.3     9.3 
      25 years and over.............................   2,545   2,483   2,597    4.6     4.5     4.5     4.6     4.4     4.6 
        25 to 54 years..............................   2,261   2,189   2,262    4.8     4.6     4.6     4.8     4.7     4.9 
        55 years and over...........................     326     302     403    3.7     3.8     3.5     3.8     3.1     4.2 

    1 Unemployment as a percent of the civilian labor force.
 





  HOUSEHOLD DATA                                                                                                  HOUSEHOLD DATA
  
  Table A-10. Persons not in the labor force and multiple jobholders by sex, not seasonally adjusted

  (Numbers in thousands)
                                                                                                                                
                                                                                                                                
                                                                                                                                
                                                                            Total                Men                Women       
                                                                                                                                
                               Category                                                                                         
                                                                                                                                
                                                                        Dec.      Dec.      Dec.      Dec.      Dec.      Dec.  
                                                                        2001      2002      2001      2002      2001      2002  
                                                                                                                                
                        NOT IN THE LABOR FORCE                                                                                  
                                                                                                                                
                                                                                                                                
  Total not in the labor force......................................   71,015    72,670    26,759    27,793    44,256    44,877 
    Persons who currently want a job................................    4,347     4,171     1,943     1,967     2,403     2,204 
       Searched for work and available to work now(1)...............    1,318     1,417       629       765       690       652 
          Reason not currently looking:                                                                                         
            Discouragement over job prospects(2)....................      344       398       180       246       163       152 
            Reasons other than discouragement(3)....................      975     1,019       448       520       526       500 
                                                                                                                                
                         MULTIPLE JOBHOLDERS                                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
  Total multiple jobholders(4)......................................    7,266     7,554     3,734     3,795     3,532     3,759 
      Percent of total employed.....................................      5.4       5.6       5.2       5.3       5.6       5.9 
                                                                                                                                
      Primary job full time, secondary job part time................    3,962     4,033     2,289     2,289     1,674     1,744 
      Primary and secondary jobs both part time.....................    1,566     1,724       495       500     1,071     1,223 
      Primary and secondary jobs both full time.....................      272       191       149       126       123        65 
      Hours vary on primary or secondary job........................    1,427     1,563       777       856       650       707 

    1 Data refer to persons who have searched for work during the prior 12 months and were available to take a job during the
  reference week.
    2 Includes thinks no work available, could not find work, lacks schooling or training, employer thinks too young or old, and
  other types of discrimination.
    3 Includes those who did not actively look for work in the prior 4 weeks for such reasons as child-care and transportation
  problems, as well as a small number for which reason for nonparticipation was not determined.
    4 Includes persons who work part time on their primary job and full time on their secondary job(s), not shown separately.

 
 
 

ESTABLISHMENT DATA                                                                                    ESTABLISHMENT DATA


Table B-1.  Employees on nonfarm payrolls by industry

(In thousands)
                                                                                                                        
                                                                                                                        
                                             Not seasonally adjusted                   Seasonally adjusted              
                                                                                                                        
                Industry                                                                                                
                                           Dec.    Oct.   Nov.    Dec.     Dec.    Aug.    Sept.   Oct.   Nov.    Dec. 
                                           2001    2002   2002p   2002p    2001    2002    2002    2002   2002p   2002p 
                                                                                                                        
          Total......................... 131,703 131,787 131,845 131,504 130,890 130,913 130,829 130,898 130,810 130,709
                                                                                                                        
       Total private.................... 110,247 110,139 110,020 109,780 109,768 109,624 109,536 109,549 109,445 109,330
                                                                                                                        
Goods-producing.........................  24,181  23,960  23,757  23,485  24,261  23,801  23,748  23,688  23,625  23,566
                                                                                                                        
  Mining................................     562     560     554     550     565     555     552     552     550     553
    Metal mining........................    32.5    32.2    32.2    31.9      33      32      32      32      32      32
    Coal mining.........................    82.9    78.4    78.6    78.2      82      79      79      78      78      78
    Oil and gas extraction..............   338.8   334.5   331.7   334.1     339     333     330     331     331     335
    Nonmetallic minerals, except fuels..   108.1   114.5   111.3   105.3     111     111     111     111     109     108
                                                                                                                        
  Construction..........................   6,532   6,755   6,644   6,448   6,634   6,556   6,556   6,544   6,540   6,543
    General building contractors........ 1,448.7 1,504.5 1,493.0 1,468.4   1,459   1,460   1,469   1,475   1,480   1,477
    Heavy construction, except building.   884.2   957.7   911.8   842.7     924     898     898     893     884     879
    Special trade contractors........... 4,199.2 4,292.6 4,239.5 4,136.9   4,251   4,198   4,189   4,176   4,176   4,187
                                                                                                                        
  Manufacturing.........................  17,087  16,645  16,559  16,487  17,062  16,690  16,640  16,592  16,535  16,470
      Production workers................  11,451  11,188  11,113  11,048  11,437  11,212  11,164  11,134  11,084  11,039
                                                                                                                        
   Durable goods........................  10,189   9,810   9,760   9,724  10,166   9,889   9,832   9,800   9,756   9,710
      Production workers................   6,770   6,533   6,496   6,464   6,753   6,591   6,539   6,522   6,485   6,453
    Lumber and wood products............   768.7   771.8   763.3   757.2     770     768     764     764     761     759
    Furniture and fixtures..............   493.3   485.4   483.2   478.6     494     495     488     488     486     481
    Stone, clay, and glass products.....   554.6   564.0   559.5   550.2     558     557     558     557     555     553
    Primary metal industries............   619.2   584.3   582.6   582.3     617     589     586     582     582     581
      Blast furnaces and basic steel                                                                                    
         products.......................   200.1   187.7   186.5   187.5   (1)     (1)     (1)     (1)     (1)     (1)  
    Fabricated metal products........... 1,442.4 1,413.4 1,402.6 1,398.5   1,437   1,418   1,412   1,409   1,400   1,394
    Industrial machinery and equipment.. 1,888.3 1,790.0 1,783.4 1,783.8   1,887   1,810   1,801   1,797   1,790   1,784
      Computer and office equipment.....   321.7   294.4   292.7   292.4     322     296     296     295     294     292
    Electronic and other electrical                                                                                     
       equipment........................ 1,505.2 1,379.9 1,368.0 1,367.1   1,499   1,408   1,392   1,381   1,369   1,363
      Electronic components and                                                                                         
         accessories....................   600.0   541.6   535.9   532.6     595     555     550     544     536     531
    Transportation equipment............ 1,720.4 1,655.3 1,650.8 1,644.4   1,709   1,675   1,661   1,659   1,647   1,634
      Motor vehicles and equipment......   927.8   908.9   911.7   910.2     920     918     912     914     908     900
      Aircraft and parts................   451.1   398.9   393.7   389.0     449     407     400     396     391     387
    Instruments and related products....   822.1   791.9   789.1   789.4     822     799     798     793     792     790
    Miscellaneous manufacturing.........   374.9   373.9   377.1   372.7     373     370     372     370     374     371
                                                                                                                        
   Nondurable goods.....................   6,898   6,835   6,799   6,763   6,896   6,801   6,808   6,792   6,779   6,760
      Production workers................   4,681   4,655   4,617   4,584   4,684   4,621   4,625   4,612   4,599   4,586
    Food and kindred products........... 1,679.1 1,723.0 1,694.8 1,679.0   1,685   1,683   1,694   1,690   1,685   1,685
    Tobacco products....................    35.4    38.0    37.9    36.9      34      38      37      37      36      35
    Textile mill products...............   447.8   427.1   423.4   424.7     448     427     426     426     423     425
    Apparel and other textile products..   535.3   512.4   512.7   505.1     537     524     516     510     510     508
    Paper and allied products...........   625.7   614.3   612.2   611.4     624     613     612     614     611     609
    Printing and publishing............. 1,453.3 1,404.2 1,406.7 1,405.7   1,444   1,401   1,403   1,401   1,401   1,395
    Chemicals and allied products....... 1,011.0 1,005.4 1,007.1 1,005.9   1,012   1,006   1,010   1,006   1,007   1,007
    Petroleum and coal products.........   124.3   127.1   125.8   123.4     126     125     126     125     126     125
    Rubber and misc. plastics products..   930.5   926.9   923.3   917.3     930     929     927     926     925     917
    Leather and leather products........    55.7    56.5    55.5    53.4      56      55      57      57      55      54
                                                                                                                        
Service-producing....................... 107,522 107,827 108,088 108,019 106,629 107,112 107,081 107,210 107,185 107,143
                                                                                                                        
  Transportation and public utilities...   6,918   6,770   6,756   6,740   6,856   6,765   6,725   6,727   6,718   6,691
    Transportation......................   4,394   4,342   4,332   4,323   4,332   4,323   4,293   4,300   4,298   4,275
      Railroad transportation...........   233.1   225.7   225.0   224.0     233     228     226     225     224     224
      Local and interurban passenger                                                                                    
         transit........................   498.1   483.9   479.4   481.2     481     466     469     471     465     464
      Trucking and warehousing.......... 1,828.9 1,845.2 1,840.3 1,824.9   1,827   1,827   1,816   1,826   1,829   1,825
      Water transportation..............   182.6   192.8   185.4   185.4     188     190     189     189     192     192
      Transportation by air............. 1,207.7 1,160.2 1,166.7 1,173.9   1,159   1,176   1,160   1,156   1,151   1,134
      Pipelines, except natural gas.....    15.3    14.8    15.4    14.4      15      15      15      15      15      14
      Transportation services...........   428.7   419.4   420.0   419.2     429     421     418     418     422     422
    Communications and public utilities.   2,524   2,428   2,424   2,417   2,524   2,442   2,432   2,427   2,420   2,416
      Communications.................... 1,677.9 1,585.4 1,586.1 1,578.6   1,679   1,597   1,588   1,585   1,582   1,579
      Electric, gas, and sanitary                                                                                       
         services.......................   845.9   843.0   837.7   837.9     845     845     844     842     838     837
                                                                                                                        
  Wholesale trade.......................   6,714   6,673   6,653   6,646   6,702   6,671   6,663   6,657   6,643   6,637
    Durable goods.......................   3,956   3,897   3,889   3,883   3,951   3,905   3,897   3,893   3,886   3,880
    Nondurable goods....................   2,758   2,776   2,764   2,763   2,751   2,766   2,766   2,764   2,757   2,757
  Retail trade..........................  23,969  23,327  23,625  23,787  23,318  23,295  23,291  23,289  23,249  23,145
    Building materials and garden                                                                                       
       supplies......................... 1,036.4 1,068.9 1,069.2 1,064.0   1,050   1,066   1,067   1,071   1,080   1,080
    General merchandise stores.......... 3,157.0 2,869.7 3,049.9 3,119.0   2,853   2,850   2,856   2,851   2,830   2,820
      Department stores................. 2,782.8 2,524.5 2,686.3 2,743.9   2,520   2,513   2,515   2,506   2,491   2,487
    Food stores......................... 3,496.2 3,398.9 3,422.7 3,431.7   3,430   3,392   3,392   3,386   3,381   3,364
    Automotive dealers and service                                                                                      
       stations......................... 2,429.3 2,444.5 2,429.3 2,407.2   2,438   2,443   2,438   2,438   2,430   2,416
      New and used car dealers.......... 1,127.9 1,133.6 1,128.5 1,118.5   1,131   1,130   1,131   1,131   1,128   1,121
    Apparel and accessory stores........ 1,261.5 1,167.8 1,226.1 1,273.5   1,163   1,177   1,171   1,174   1,172   1,175
    Furniture and home furnishings                                                                                      
       stores........................... 1,210.5 1,156.9 1,193.7 1,230.7   1,156   1,154   1,153   1,156   1,165   1,179
    Eating and drinking places.......... 8,145.3 8,125.4 8,066.9 8,021.6   8,190   8,125   8,129   8,140   8,129   8,066
    Miscellaneous retail establishments. 3,233.1 3,095.2 3,166.8 3,239.4   3,038   3,088   3,085   3,073   3,062   3,045
                                                                                                                        
  Finance, insurance, and real estate...   7,735   7,788   7,800   7,811   7,748   7,745   7,773   7,803   7,810   7,818
    Finance.............................   3,821   3,841   3,856   3,865   3,818   3,822   3,837   3,853   3,856   3,858
      Depository institutions........... 2,071.0 2,071.4 2,078.3 2,079.9   2,070   2,075   2,078   2,080   2,082   2,078
        Commercial banks................ 1,443.6 1,444.4 1,448.3 1,449.9   1,444   1,448   1,450   1,452   1,451   1,449
        Savings institutions............   261.1   260.9   261.1   261.3     261     263     264     263     261     261
      Nondepository institutions........   754.0   794.1   804.4   812.2     752     773     783     797     802     807
        Mortgage bankers and brokers....   352.1   394.2   401.6   408.4     352     374     382     396     400     407
      Security and commodity brokers....   733.1   711.8   708.9   707.6     734     714     714     713     709     709
      Holding and other investment                                                                                      
         offices........................   262.9   263.3   264.2   265.7     262     260     262     263     263     264
    Insurance...........................   2,372   2,369   2,372   2,374   2,372   2,366   2,366   2,371   2,373   2,375
      Insurance carriers................ 1,592.6 1,574.5 1,574.8 1,575.3   1,594   1,574   1,577   1,578   1,577   1,577
      Insurance agents, brokers, and                                                                                    
         service........................   779.7   794.2   796.9   799.0     778     792     789     793     796     798
    Real estate.........................   1,542   1,578   1,572   1,572   1,558   1,557   1,570   1,579   1,581   1,585
                                                                                                                        
  Services2.............................  40,730  41,621  41,429  41,311  40,883  41,347  41,336  41,385  41,400  41,473
    Agricultural services...............   799.6   905.2   881.4   811.5     865     863     874     874     881     875
    Hotels and other lodging places..... 1,720.5 1,787.8 1,715.1 1,721.6   1,805   1,788   1,782   1,791   1,790   1,806
    Personal services................... 1,270.9 1,252.6 1,253.4 1,279.5   1,284   1,285   1,287   1,288   1,283   1,292
    Business services................... 9,326.0 9,490.2 9,418.0 9,343.3   9,265   9,395   9,330   9,324   9,310   9,301
      Services to buildings............. 1,019.3 1,043.0 1,047.0 1,042.9   1,025   1,041   1,042   1,041   1,047   1,048
      Personnel supply services......... 3,149.6 3,327.4 3,251.2 3,191.5   3,107   3,257   3,188   3,178   3,153   3,167
        Help supply services............ 2,819.1 3,001.6 2,926.4 2,874.5   2,782   2,925   2,869   2,865   2,838   2,857
      Computer and data processing                                                                                      
         services....................... 2,222.9 2,186.4 2,190.8 2,187.1   2,219   2,191   2,190   2,196   2,194   2,183
    Auto repair, services, and parking.. 1,252.1 1,259.5 1,256.9 1,259.3   1,259   1,266   1,266   1,262   1,264   1,267
    Miscellaneous repair services.......   375.0   379.8   378.9   376.9     376     377     378     378     379     377
    Motion pictures.....................   575.1   575.4   581.2   584.4     574     588     595     591     590     583
    Amusement and recreation services... 1,505.8 1,594.5 1,478.9 1,486.3   1,680   1,662   1,638   1,640   1,629   1,657
    Health services..................... 10544.9 10754.8 10790.6 10802.9  10,530  10,711  10,729  10,755  10,777  10,787
      Offices and clinics of medical                                                                                    
         doctors........................ 2,033.2 2,082.7 2,087.2 2,094.3   2,029   2,075   2,079   2,085   2,086   2,090
      Nursing and personal care                                                                                         
         facilities..................... 1,874.6 1,900.4 1,908.5 1,907.9   1,871   1,893   1,896   1,899   1,905   1,905
      Hospitals......................... 4,168.2 4,257.0 4,271.4 4,275.5   4,164   4,244   4,247   4,256   4,268   4,271
      Home health care services.........   643.2   657.3   660.5   659.2     641     646     651     655     656     657
    Legal services...................... 1,052.5 1,074.1 1,079.6 1,083.0   1,051   1,065   1,072   1,077   1,079   1,081
    Educational services................ 2,589.1 2,720.0 2,758.4 2,713.7   2,463   2,538   2,550   2,560   2,570   2,585
    Social services..................... 3,149.6 3,208.8 3,222.6 3,226.7   3,135   3,203   3,199   3,201   3,208   3,213
      Child day care services...........   737.2   743.8   744.6   740.9     723     736     731     730     728     727
      Residential care..................   889.8   907.3   910.7   914.6     891     906     906     909     912     915
    Museums and botanical and zoological                                                                                
      gardens...........................   106.8   107.6   104.0   103.5     110     108     108     107     106     106
    Membership organizations............ 2,462.1 2,466.5 2,462.5 2,467.2   2,473   2,472   2,478   2,480   2,477   2,478
    Engineering and management services. 3,607.8 3,654.2 3,658.6 3,662.3   3,621   3,634   3,659   3,666   3,668   3,676
      Engineering and architectural                                                                                     
         services....................... 1,042.3 1,028.5 1,026.3 1,024.3   1,048   1,030   1,029   1,027   1,028   1,030
      Management and public relations... 1,184.6 1,226.3 1,232.4 1,232.1   1,184   1,211   1,224   1,226   1,229   1,231
    Services, nec.......................    48.1    46.3    45.0    45.2   (1)     (1)     (1)     (1)     (1)     (1)  
                                                                                                                        
  Government............................  21,456  21,648  21,825  21,724  21,122  21,289  21,293  21,349  21,365  21,379
    Federal.............................   2,600   2,641   2,654   2,648   2,615   2,611   2,621   2,649   2,658   2,659
      Federal, except Postal Service.... 1,757.7 1,834.8 1,839.7 1,835.2   1,776   1,792   1,810   1,840   1,850   1,851
    State...............................   5,027   5,083   5,107   5,058   4,932   4,948   4,958   4,955   4,963   4,963
      Education......................... 2,241.9 2,296.0 2,328.2 2,283.0   2,124   2,145   2,163   2,160   2,165   2,165
      Other State government............ 2,785.5 2,787.4 2,778.8 2,774.9   2,808   2,803   2,795   2,795   2,798   2,798
    Local...............................  13,829  13,924  14,064  14,018  13,575  13,730  13,714  13,745  13,744  13,757
      Education......................... 8,072.9 8,075.3 8,200.4 8,183.9   7,723   7,837   7,808   7,829   7,821   7,826
      Other local government............ 5,755.6 5,849.1 5,863.9 5,833.6   5,852   5,893   5,906   5,916   5,923   5,931

  1 These series are not published seasonally adjusted because the seasonal component, which is small relative to the
trend-cycle and irregular components, cannot be separated with sufficient precision.
  2 Includes other industries, not shown separately.
  p = preliminary.
   
 
 
 

ESTABLISHMENT DATA                                                                                    ESTABLISHMENT DATA


Table B-2.  Average weekly hours of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by industry
                                                                                                                        
                                                                                                                        
                                             Not seasonally adjusted                   Seasonally adjusted              
                                                                                                                        
                Industry                                                                                                
                                           Dec.    Oct.   Nov.    Dec.     Dec.    Aug.    Sept.   Oct.   Nov.    Dec. 
                                           2001    2002   2002p   2002p    2001    2002    2002    2002   2002p   2002p 
                                                                                                                        
       Total private....................   34.4    34.1    34.0    34.4    34.1    34.1    34.2    34.2    34.2    34.1 
                                                                                                                        
Goods-producing.........................   40.5    40.3    40.1    40.4    40.2    40.3    40.3    40.1    39.9    40.2 
                                                                                                                        
  Mining................................   43.9    43.0    42.8    42.5    43.8    43.3    42.8    42.7    43.0    42.3 
                                                                                                                        
  Construction..........................   38.5    39.0    38.0    37.8    39.1    38.6    38.8    38.4    38.2    38.4 
                                                                                                                        
  Manufacturing.........................   41.2    40.9    40.9    41.5    40.6    40.9    40.8    40.7    40.6    40.9 
      Overtime hours....................    4.1     4.2     4.2     4.5     3.8     4.2     4.1     4.1     4.0     4.2 
                                                                                                                        
   Durable goods........................   41.6    41.3    41.2    42.0    40.9    41.2    41.3    41.2    40.9    41.4 
      Overtime hours....................    4.1     4.2     4.1     4.5     3.8     4.1     4.1     4.2     4.0     4.2 
                                                                                                                        
    Lumber and wood products............   40.9    41.3    40.7    41.3    41.0    41.0    41.1    41.0    40.6    41.4 
    Furniture and fixtures..............   39.9    39.6    39.3    41.7    39.2    40.3    40.2    39.6    39.3    41.1 
    Stone, clay, and glass products.....   43.0    43.9    43.1    42.8    43.4    43.3    43.4    43.4    42.9    43.2 
    Primary metal industries............   44.4    44.6    44.7    45.3    43.7    44.3    44.2    44.7    44.3    44.6 
      Blast furnaces and basic steel                                                                                    
         products.......................   44.3    45.9    45.8    46.7    44.4    45.8    46.0    46.2    45.4    46.9 
    Fabricated metal products...........   42.2    41.8    41.6    42.3    41.3    41.7    41.6    41.6    41.2    41.3 
    Industrial machinery and equipment..   40.9    40.4    40.5    41.4    40.1    40.8    40.7    40.5    40.3    40.7 
    Electronic and other electrical                                                                                     
       equipment........................   40.3    38.5    39.2    39.8    39.4    38.7    38.8    38.3    38.7    38.9 
    Transportation equipment............   42.7    42.8    42.6    43.6    41.9    42.2    42.6    42.6    42.3    42.7 
      Motor vehicles and equipment......   44.2    44.5    44.2    45.4    43.2    43.8    44.3    44.4    44.0    44.5 
    Instruments and related products....   41.3    40.7    40.8    41.6    40.6    40.7    40.8    40.7    40.5    40.9 
    Miscellaneous manufacturing.........   38.5    38.9    38.6    39.5    38.0    38.5    38.6    38.9    38.5    39.1 
                                                                                                                        
   Nondurable goods.....................   40.7    40.3    40.5    40.9    40.1    40.5    40.2    40.1    40.2    40.3 
      Overtime hours....................    4.1     4.3     4.2     4.4     3.9     4.2     4.0     4.1     4.0     4.2 
                                                                                                                        
    Food and kindred products...........   41.5    41.4    41.7    41.9    40.9    41.3    40.8    40.8    41.1    41.4 
    Tobacco products....................   41.2    40.6    39.7    40.4    40.5    40.3    39.9    40.4    39.6    39.8 
    Textile mill products...............   40.4    40.7    41.0    41.6    40.0    41.8    41.2    40.9    40.9    41.2 
    Apparel and other textile products..   37.3    36.4    36.7    37.0    36.9    36.8    36.9    36.6    36.6    36.6 
    Paper and allied products...........   42.0    41.5    42.0    42.5    41.3    41.7    41.4    41.3    41.5    41.8 
    Printing and publishing.............   38.3    37.6    37.8    38.3    37.8    37.7    37.5    37.4    37.2    37.7 
    Chemicals and allied products.......   42.4    42.2    42.3    42.5    41.9    42.6    42.4    42.2    42.2    42.0 
    Petroleum and coal products.........   42.1    42.1    41.7    40.5    (2)     (2)     (2)     (2)     (2)     (2)  
    Rubber and misc. plastics products..   41.5    40.9    40.8    41.5    40.8    41.2    40.8    40.9    40.7    40.8 
    Leather and leather products........   37.0    36.5    37.3    37.4    36.9    35.7    35.6    36.3    37.0    37.4 
                                                                                                                        
Service-producing.......................   33.0    32.7    32.7    33.0    32.7    32.7    32.8    32.8    32.9    32.7 
                                                                                                                        
  Transportation and public utilities...   38.6    38.3    38.4    38.7    38.1    38.4    38.5    38.4    38.5    38.2 
                                                                                                                        
  Wholesale trade.......................   38.7    38.4    38.5    39.1    38.3    38.5    38.5    38.6    38.5    38.7 
                                                                                                                        
  Retail trade..........................   29.3    28.9    28.8    29.5    28.9    28.9    29.0    29.1    29.2    29.2 
                                                                                                                        
  Finance, insurance, and real estate...   36.7    35.8    36.0    36.8    36.0    36.2    36.1    36.0    36.2    36.1 
                                                                                                                        
  Services..............................   32.9    32.6    32.6    32.7    32.7    32.6    32.8    32.7    32.7    32.5 

  1 Data relate to production workers in mining and manufacturing; construction workers in construction; and
nonsupervisory workers in transportation and public utilities; wholesale and retail trade; finance, insurance, and real
estate; and services. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employees on private nonfarm
payrolls.
  2 This series is not published seasonally adjusted because the seasonal component, which is small relative to the
trend-cycle and irregular components, cannot be separated with sufficient precision.
  p = preliminary.
   
 
 
 

ESTABLISHMENT DATA                                                                                    ESTABLISHMENT DATA


Table B-3.  Average hourly and weekly earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by
industry
                                                                                                                        
                                                                                                                        
                                                 Average hourly earnings                 Average weekly earnings        
                                                                                                                        
                Industry                                                                                                
                                            Dec.      Oct.     Nov.      Dec.       Dec.      Oct.     Nov.      Dec.  
                                            2001      2002     2002p     2002p      2001      2002     2002p     2002p  
                                                                                                                        
       Total private....................  $14.61    $14.92    $14.96    $15.05    $502.58   $508.77   $508.64   $517.72 
        Seasonally adjusted.............   14.55     14.90     14.93     14.98     496.16    509.58    510.61    510.82 
                                                                                                                        
Goods-producing.........................   16.23     16.60     16.59     16.68     657.32    668.98    665.26    673.87 
                                                                                                                        
  Mining................................   17.58     17.81     17.81     17.77     771.76    765.83    762.27    755.23 
                                                                                                                        
  Construction..........................   18.69     19.14     19.07     19.25     719.57    746.46    724.66    727.65 
                                                                                                                        
  Manufacturing.........................   15.17     15.42     15.48     15.59     625.00    630.68    633.13    646.99 
                                                                                                                        
   Durable goods........................   15.66     15.95     16.01     16.11     651.46    658.74    659.61    676.62 
    Lumber and wood products............   12.42     12.60     12.56     12.65     507.98    520.38    511.19    522.45 
    Furniture and fixtures..............   12.56     12.68     12.74     12.93     501.14    502.13    500.68    539.18 
    Stone, clay, and glass products.....   15.10     15.79     15.69     15.80     649.30    693.18    676.24    676.24 
    Primary metal industries............   17.19     17.60     17.65     17.73     763.24    784.96    788.96    803.17 
      Blast furnaces and basic steel                                                                                    
         products.......................   20.53     21.02     21.05     21.25     909.48    964.82    964.09    992.38 
    Fabricated metal products...........   14.56     14.84     14.90     15.03     614.43    620.31    619.84    635.77 
    Industrial machinery and equipment..   16.32     16.52     16.55     16.67     667.49    667.41    670.28    690.14 
    Electronic and other electrical                                                                                     
       equipment........................   14.97     15.06     15.08     15.18     603.29    579.81    591.14    604.16 
    Transportation equipment............   19.71     20.31     20.53     20.57     841.62    869.27    874.58    896.85 
      Motor vehicles and equipment......   20.19     21.12     21.42     21.39     892.40    939.84    946.76    971.11 
    Instruments and related products....   15.09     15.44     15.44     15.57     623.22    628.41    629.95    647.71 
    Miscellaneous manufacturing.........   12.39     12.42     12.45     12.54     477.02    483.14    480.57    495.33 
                                                                                                                        
   Nondurable goods.....................   14.45     14.66     14.71     14.83     588.12    590.80    595.76    606.55 
    Food and kindred products...........   13.17     13.21     13.26     13.37     546.56    546.89    552.94    560.20 
    Tobacco products....................   21.37     20.35     20.37     20.69     880.44    826.21    808.69    835.88 
    Textile mill products...............   11.53     11.74     11.80     12.02     465.81    477.82    483.80    500.03 
    Apparel and other textile products..    9.60      9.97      9.98     10.11     358.08    362.91    366.27    374.07 
    Paper and allied products...........   17.26     17.58     17.64     17.78     724.92    729.57    740.88    755.65 
    Printing and publishing.............   15.04     15.30     15.33     15.40     576.03    575.28    579.47    589.82 
    Chemicals and allied products.......   18.88     19.32     19.43     19.50     800.51    815.30    821.89    828.75 
    Petroleum and coal products.........   22.19     22.48     22.57     22.68     934.20    946.41    941.17    918.54 
    Rubber and misc. plastics products..   13.69     13.77     13.79     13.95     568.14    563.19    562.63    578.93 
    Leather and leather products........   10.29     10.08     10.26     10.53     380.73    367.92    382.70    393.82 
                                                                                                                        
Service-producing.......................   14.16     14.44     14.51     14.61     467.28    472.19    474.48    482.13 
                                                                                                                        
  Transportation and public utilities...   17.07     17.38     17.48     17.50     658.90    665.65    671.23    677.25 
                                                                                                                        
  Wholesale trade.......................   16.21     16.27     16.33     16.46     627.33    624.77    628.71    643.59 
                                                                                                                        
  Retail trade..........................    9.89     10.14     10.14     10.18     289.78    293.05    292.03    300.31 
                                                                                                                        
  Finance, insurance, and real estate...   16.14     16.53     16.68     16.80     592.34    591.77    600.48    618.24 
                                                                                                                        
  Services..............................   15.15     15.40     15.50     15.69     498.44    502.04    505.30    513.06 

  1 See footnote 1, table B-2.
  p = preliminary.
   
 
 
 

ESTABLISHMENT DATA                                                              ESTABLISHMENT DATA


Table B-4.  Average hourly earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm
payrolls by industry, seasonally adjusted
                                                                                                  
                                                                                                  
                                                                                         Percent  
                                    Dec.     Aug.     Sept.    Oct.     Nov.     Dec.     change  
            Industry                2001     2002     2002     2002     2002p    2002p    from:   
                                                                                        Nov. 2002-
                                                                                        Dec. 2002 
                                                                                                  
Total private:                                                                                    
   Current dollars..............   $14.55   $14.83   $14.85   $14.90   $14.93   $14.98      0.3   
   Constant (1982) dollars2.....     8.14     8.14     8.14     8.15     8.15     N.A.     (3)    
                                                                                                  
  Goods-producing...............    16.18    16.44    16.48    16.54    16.55    16.62       .4   
    Mining......................    17.51    17.87    17.82    17.83    17.89    17.70     -1.1   
    Construction................    18.60    18.90    18.98    19.00    19.01    19.16       .8   
    Manufacturing...............    15.08    15.34    15.35    15.44    15.44    15.49       .3   
      Excluding overtime4.......    14.39    14.59    14.62    14.70    14.71    14.73       .1   
                                                                                                  
  Service-producing.............    14.09    14.37    14.40    14.44    14.48    14.53       .3   
    Transportation and public                                                                     
       utilities................    17.04    17.28    17.36    17.38    17.47    17.47       .0   
    Wholesale trade.............    16.07    16.28    16.29    16.31    16.32    16.35       .2   
    Retail trade................     9.89    10.09    10.10    10.12    10.13    10.18       .5   
    Finance, insurance, and real                                                                  
       estate...................    16.06    16.43    16.53    16.57    16.71    16.71       .0   
    Services....................    14.98    15.30    15.34    15.40    15.44    15.50       .4   

  1 See footnote 1, table B-2.
  2 The Consumer Price Index for Urban Wage Earners and Clerical Workers (CPI-W) is used to
deflate this series. 
  3 Change was .0 percent from October 2002 to November 2002, the latest month available.
  4 Derived by assuming that overtime hours are paid at the rate of time and one-half.
  N.A. = not available.
  p = preliminary.
   
 
 
 

ESTABLISHMENT DATA                                                                                    ESTABLISHMENT DATA


Table B-5.  Indexes of aggregate weekly hours of production or nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by
industry

(1982=100)
                                                                                                                        
                                                                                                                        
                                             Not seasonally adjusted                   Seasonally adjusted              
                                                                                                                        
                Industry                                                                                                
                                          Dec.   Oct.    Nov.     Dec.    Dec.   Aug.    Sept.   Oct.    Nov.     Dec.  
                                          2001   2002    2002p    2002p   2001   2002    2002    2002    2002p    2002p 
                                                                                                                        
       Total private....................  150.1  148.7   148.3    149.4   148.1  147.9   148.3   148.1   147.9    147.6 
                                                                                                                        
Goods-producing.........................  106.7  106.0   104.1    103.4   106.6  104.9   104.4   103.7   103.0    103.4 
                                                                                                                        
  Mining................................   54.7   53.3    52.3     51.5    54.8   53.7    52.7    52.3    52.1     51.5 
                                                                                                                        
  Construction..........................  175.0  184.7   176.6    168.8   181.5  176.4   177.2   175.2   174.3    175.3 
                                                                                                                        
  Manufacturing.........................   95.2   92.3    91.7     92.5    93.6   92.5    91.9    91.5    90.8     91.2 
                                                                                                                        
   Durable goods........................   98.2   94.1    93.4     94.7    96.4   94.8    94.2    93.7    92.6     93.2 
    Lumber and wood products............  133.9  136.3   132.5    133.1   134.6  134.2   134.1   133.8   131.6    134.2 
    Furniture and fixtures..............  121.5  118.7   117.0    123.4   119.5  123.5   121.0   119.2   118.3    122.1 
    Stone, clay, and glass products.....  111.9  116.8   113.5    109.7   113.9  114.1   113.9   113.9   112.0    112.0 
    Primary metal industries............   80.0   75.9    75.8     77.0    78.4   75.9    75.1    75.7    75.1     75.6 
      Blast furnaces and basic steel                                                                                    
         products.......................   61.4   59.7    59.2     60.8    61.0   59.6    59.0    59.3    57.9     60.2 
    Fabricated metal products...........  111.9  109.2   107.8    109.1   108.8  108.9   108.2   108.3   106.3    106.1 
    Industrial machinery and equipment..   85.9   80.4    80.1     82.0    84.3   82.3    81.7    81.0    80.2     80.6 
    Electronic and other electrical                                                                                     
       equipment........................   89.0   76.8    77.5     78.7    86.5   79.1    78.2    76.5    76.4     76.5 
    Transportation equipment............  109.6  105.8   105.2    107.3   106.6  106.4   105.6   105.5   103.9    104.3 
      Motor vehicles and equipment......  146.5  144.4   143.9    147.5   141.4  145.7   144.5   144.6   142.5    142.8 
    Instruments and related products....   71.0   66.7    66.8     68.0    69.8   67.3    67.7    67.0    66.5     66.8 
    Miscellaneous manufacturing.........   90.5   92.3    92.2     92.3    89.1   89.9    90.8    90.8    90.6     90.9 
                                                                                                                        
   Nondurable goods.....................   91.0   89.7    89.4     89.5    89.8   89.4    88.9    88.4    88.2     88.4 
    Food and kindred products...........  115.8  118.9   117.6    116.6   114.7  115.8   114.9   114.2   115.1    115.9 
    Tobacco products....................   53.9   57.6    56.7     56.3    50.2   57.9    53.3    54.0    52.9     51.3 
    Textile mill products...............   62.3   59.9    59.8     60.8    61.7   61.3    60.1    59.8    59.5     60.3 
    Apparel and other textile products..   44.9   42.2    42.4     42.1    44.6   43.4    43.1    42.2    42.1     41.9 
    Paper and allied products...........   97.4   94.3    94.9     95.8    95.4   94.5    93.7    93.6    93.9     93.9 
    Printing and publishing.............  112.8  106.7   106.8    108.4   110.2  106.2   106.0   105.7   104.7    105.7 
    Chemicals and allied products.......   95.5   94.7    95.0     95.0    94.5   95.6    95.3    94.8    94.5     94.2 
    Petroleum and coal products.........   70.7   73.1    71.5     67.5    71.5   69.4    72.9    72.0    71.2     68.2 
    Rubber and misc. plastics products..  135.2  132.8   131.9    133.4   132.9  134.4   132.9   132.8   131.6    131.2 
    Leather and leather products........   23.4   24.7    24.7     23.2    23.8   21.9    24.1    24.5    23.9     23.6 
                                                                                                                        
Service-producing.......................  169.6  167.9   168.1    170.1   166.7  167.1   168.0   168.0   168.0    167.4 
                                                                                                                        
  Transportation and public utilities...  135.8  131.7   131.8    132.3   132.8  131.5   131.4   130.9   131.1    129.6 
                                                                                                                        
  Wholesale trade.......................  126.9  125.9   125.9    127.7   125.4  126.2   126.1   126.3   125.6    126.4 
                                                                                                                        
  Retail trade..........................  152.4  146.1   147.8    152.7   145.9  146.0   146.6   147.0   146.9    146.3 
                                                                                                                        
  Finance, insurance, and real estate...  142.2  140.5   141.4    144.8   140.0  141.0   141.4   141.6   142.9    142.4 
                                                                                                                        
  Services..............................  212.1  214.3   213.4    213.3   211.5  212.7   214.2   213.9   213.8    212.8 

  1 See footnote 1, table B-2.
  p = preliminary.
   
 
 
 

ESTABLISHMENT DATA                                                                                               ESTABLISHMENT DATA


Table B-6.  Diffusion indexes of employment change, seasonally adjusted

(Percent)
                                                                                                                                   
                                                                                                                                   
       Time span          Jan.     Feb.     Mar.     Apr.     May      June     July     Aug.     Sept.    Oct.     Nov.     Dec.  
                                                                                                                                   
                        
                                                         Private nonfarm payrolls, 347 industries1
                                                                                                                                   
                                                                                                                                   
                                                                                                                                   
Over 1-month span:                                                                                                                 
     1998..............    62.4     57.5     59.1     60.2     57.5     56.8     54.6     59.1     57.2     53.0     57.9     56.8 
     1999..............    55.3     58.6     53.6     58.4     55.5     57.8     57.1     54.8     57.1     57.2     60.4     58.1 
     2000..............    55.9     57.5     57.9     51.2     50.1     55.8     57.8     51.4     52.4     52.4     53.2     52.7 
     2001..............    49.4     45.7     50.3     42.4     47.3     43.2     44.5     42.5     42.4     40.5     39.3     44.1 
     2002..............    47.3     41.4     49.7     47.8     50.9     49.4     48.6     48.8     49.3     48.3    p45.4    p45.5 
                                                                                                                                   
                                                                                                                                   
Over 3-month span:                                                                                                                 
     1998..............    65.3     66.3     65.3     65.9     62.7     58.2     58.9     59.1     59.8     57.9     57.1     58.8 
     1999..............    59.2     57.6     59.5     55.2     60.2     57.2     59.4     59.2     59.7     58.9     61.2     60.7 
     2000..............    60.4     61.4     58.4     53.2     52.4     55.5     56.6     56.2     51.2     51.0     53.2     51.6 
     2001..............    45.5     46.1     40.8     43.4     37.8     43.2     39.3     38.0     35.3     33.7     36.3     38.9 
     2002..............    40.1     43.2     42.5     46.5     48.0     50.1     47.1     45.1     47.3    p45.1    p42.8          
                                                                                                                                   
                                                                                                                                   
Over 6-month span:                                                                                                                 
     1998..............    70.2     67.4     64.7     61.5     64.1     62.1     59.1     58.8     57.5     60.2     59.2     58.4 
     1999..............    60.2     58.9     58.5     59.7     57.2     60.8     61.2     62.5     62.7     61.8     61.2     62.8 
     2000..............    61.1     59.4     58.1     57.9     54.2     52.4     52.9     54.2     52.4     48.7     45.7     46.5 
     2001..............    44.7     42.7     39.5     40.1     40.8     35.6     37.0     32.4     34.3     33.1     34.1     35.6 
     2002..............    37.0     41.6     43.4     44.4     46.5     46.0     46.5    p43.1    p40.5                            
                                                                                                                                   
                                                                                                                                   
Over 12-month span:                                                                                                                
     1998..............    69.9     67.9     67.6     65.6     64.1     62.7     61.7     62.2     60.8     59.4     60.8     58.9 
     1999..............    61.2     60.1     58.2     61.0     60.7     61.5     62.2     61.1     63.8     62.2     59.7     60.5 
     2000..............    61.4     59.9     58.8     56.2     55.3     53.6     53.0     51.0     47.7     45.2     44.5     42.9 
     2001..............    41.5     41.5     38.9     37.5     37.3     36.2     34.1     33.6     34.4     33.9     33.3     34.0 
     2002..............    35.2     36.0     37.3     38.3    p40.2    p39.6                                                       
                                                                                                                                   
                        
                                                          Manufacturing payrolls, 136 industries1
                                                                                                                                   
                                                                                                                                   
                                                                                                                                   
Over 1-month span:                                                                                                                 
     1998..............    57.0     52.6     52.2     52.9     44.9     47.4     38.2     52.9     44.9     38.6     42.3     41.5 
     1999..............    47.4     41.2     42.6     46.0     46.3     43.4     50.0     42.6     46.0     45.6     51.5     49.3 
     2000..............    44.9     52.2     49.3     46.0     49.3     50.7     57.4     36.8     39.0     42.3     47.1     40.8 
     2001..............    34.9     26.8     38.2     29.0     28.3     30.5     34.9     25.7     31.6     31.3     25.0     30.9 
     2002..............    35.3     37.9     40.4     47.4     47.1     40.4     48.9     41.9     40.1     40.4    p40.8    p37.5 
                                                                                                                                   
                                                                                                                                   
Over 3-month span:                                                                                                                 
     1998..............    59.2     57.0     54.8     51.8     48.2     38.2     41.9     43.0     43.0     38.2     32.7     40.4 
     1999..............    39.3     39.3     39.7     40.1     41.2     43.8     44.1     46.3     42.3     44.1     47.8     45.2 
     2000..............    48.2     48.9     48.9     44.5     46.7     52.2     46.0     38.6     29.0     34.2     39.0     36.0 
     2001..............    21.3     21.3     18.4     23.5     19.9     23.2     17.3     19.1     16.2     18.0     18.4     18.0 
     2002..............    24.6     30.1     37.1     38.6     40.1     41.2     38.6     34.6     32.4    p32.4    p29.8          
                                                                                                                                   
                                                                                                                                   
Over 6-month span:                                                                                                                 
     1998..............    60.7     54.4     49.3     40.1     45.2     42.6     39.0     38.2     34.6     41.2     35.7     33.1 
     1999..............    36.4     36.0     37.5     40.4     37.5     42.3     43.0     44.5     48.2     43.0     44.5     47.4 
     2000..............    47.8     45.2     44.5     50.0     41.9     37.9     36.0     35.3     32.4     26.1     21.3     21.7 
     2001..............    20.2     16.9     14.0     16.2     16.5     13.2     14.7     11.8     14.0     13.2     17.6     16.5 
     2002..............    19.9     26.8     29.8     38.2     36.4     34.2     31.6    p27.9    p26.5                            
                                                                                                                                   
                                                                                                                                   
Over 12-month span:                                                                                                                
     1998..............    54.8     52.2     51.8     46.7     40.4     40.1     38.2     37.5     36.4     34.6     35.7     34.2 
     1999..............    38.6     34.6     32.4     36.0     37.9     39.0     40.1     40.4     44.5     44.5     43.4     44.5 
     2000..............    49.3     44.1     39.3     36.8     35.3     34.2     33.8     28.7     22.1     19.1     17.6     14.0 
     2001..............    13.6     13.6     13.6     15.4     12.1     11.0     11.0     11.0     12.9     12.9     14.0     13.6 
     2002..............    18.0     18.0     20.2     20.2    p24.6    p21.7                                                       

  1 Based on seasonally adjusted data for 1-, 3-, and 6-month spans and unadjusted data for the 12-month span. Data are centered
within the span. 
  p = preliminary.
  NOTE:  Figures are the percent of industries with employment increasing plus one-half of the industries with unchanged
employment, where 50 percent indicates an equal balance between industries with increasing and decreasing employment.