U.S. IMPORT AND EXPORT PRICE INDEXES – SEPTEMBER 2019

U.S. import prices increased 0.2 percent in September, the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today, 

following a 0.2-percent decline the previous month. The advance in September was driven by higher fuel 

prices; prices for nonfuel goods edged down 0.1 percent. The price index for U.S. exports fell 0.2 percent in 

September, after decreasing 0.6 percent in August.

Chart 1. One-month and 12-month percent changes in the Import Price Index: September 2018 – September 2019

Imports

Prices for U.S. imports advanced 0.2 percent in September, after decreasing 0.2 percent in August and 

unchanged in July. The price index for U.S. imports has not recorded an increase larger than 0.2 percent 

since the index rose 0.6 percent in March. U.S. import prices declined 1.6 percent from September 2018 to 

September 2019. (See table 1.)

Fuel Imports: Import fuel prices rose 2.1 percent in September following a 1.9-percent decline in August. 

Higher prices for petroleum drove the September increase, more than offsetting lower natural gas prices. 

The price index for import petroleum advanced 2.3 percent in September, after declining 2.3 percent the 

previous month. In September, natural gas prices fell 3.7 percent, resuming a downward trend after the rise 

in August. Fuel prices decreased 5.1 percent over the past year. Prices for import petroleum fell 5.8 percent

from September 2018 to September 2019. Natural gas prices declined 10.4 percent over the same period. 

0.1

0.5

-1.6

-1.4 0.2

1.0 0.6

0.2 0.2

-1.1

0.0

-0.2

0.2

3.1 3.4

0.7

-0.9

-1.5

-0.7

0.1

-0.2

-0.9

-2.0 -2.0 -1.8 -1.6

-4.0

-3.0

-2.0

-1.0

0.0

1.0

2.0

3.0

4.0

5.0

Sep'18 Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep'19

1-month percent change 12-month percent change

Transmission of material in this release is embargoed until

8:30 a.m. (EDT) Friday, October 11, 2019 

Technical information: (202) 691-7101 • MXPinfo@bls.gov • www.bls.gov/mxp

Media contact: (202) 691-5902 • PressOffice@bls.gov

USDL-19-1775
2

All Imports Excluding Fuel: Prices for nonfuel imports edged down 0.1 percent in September following 

two consecutive months unchanged. Foods, feeds, and beverages prices declined 0.8 percent; in contrast, 

nonfuel industrial supplies and materials prices rose 0.5 percent. The price index for nonfuel imports 

declined 1.1 percent over the past 12 months, led by price decreases for capital goods and nonfuel industrial 

supplies and materials.

Nonfuel Industrial Supplies and Materials: Prices for nonfuel industrial supplies and materials increased 0.5 

percent in September, after falling 0.3 percent in August and rising 0.2 percent in July. The increase in

September was driven by higher prices for nonferrous metals and lumber, which more than offset price 

decreases for chemicals. 

 

Finished Goods: Prices for imported finished goods were unchanged in September. Consumer goods prices 

were unchanged following a 0.1-percent increase in August. Lower prices for household goods were offset 

by price increases for coins, gems, jewelry, and collectibles. The price index for automotive vehicles was 

unchanged for the second consecutive month, after decreasing 0.2 percent in July. Prices for capital goods 

were unchanged in September, after edging down 0.1 percent the previous month. 

Foods, Feeds, and Beverages: The price index for import foods, feeds, and beverages fell 0.8 percent in 

September following a 0.5-percent drop in August. A 7.6-percent decrease in fruit prices, which more than 

offset higher coffee prices, drove the September decline. 

Table A. Percent change in Import and Export Price Indexes, selected categories
3

Chart 2. One-month and 12-month percent change in the Export Price Index: September 2018 – September 2019 

Exports 

The price index for U.S. exports declined 0.2 percent in September following a 0.6-percent drop in August 

and a 0.2-percent advance in July. Price declines for agricultural and nonagricultural exports each 

contributed to the September decrease. U.S. export prices fell 1.6 percent from September 2018 to 

September 2019. (See table 2.)

Agricultural Exports: Agricultural export prices declined 1.8 percent in September, after falling 2.3 

percent in August. Lower prices for corn, meat, wheat, and soybeans each contributed to the decline, more 

than offsetting higher fruit prices. Despite the decrease in September, agricultural export prices advanced

0.2 percent over the past year.

All Exports Excluding Agriculture: Prices for nonagricultural exports edged down 0.1 percent in 

September following a 0.3-percent drop the previous month. Price declines for nonagricultural industrial 

supplies and materials, consumer goods, and automotive vehicles drove the September decrease. Capital 

goods prices were unchanged in September. The price index for nonagricultural exports decreased 1.9 

percent from September 2018 to September 2019. Lower nonagricultural industrial supplies and materials

prices more than offset price increases for capital goods, consumer goods, and automotive vehicles over the 

past year. 

Nonagricultural Industrial Supplies and Materials: Prices for nonagricultural industrial supplies and 

materials declined 0.3 percent in September following a 1.0-percent drop in August. The price index for 

nonagricultural industrial supplies and materials fell 6.5 percent over the past 12 months, the largest 

decrease since declining 7.7 percent over the period ended July 2016. 

Finished Goods: Prices for export finished goods were mostly down in September. Consumer goods prices 

fell 0.3 percent, after edging down 0.1 percent in August. Prices for automotive vehicles declined for the 

third consecutive month in September, falling 0.1 percent. Capital goods prices were unchanged for the 

month; higher nonelectrical machinery and transportation equipment prices offset lower prices for electrical 

generating equipment in September. 

0.0

0.5

-0.8 -0.6 -0.6

0.6 0.7

0.1

-0.3 -0.6

0.2

-0.6 -0.2

2.7

3.1

1.8

1.1

-0.2

0.2 0.6 0.2

-0.9

-1.6

-0.9

-1.4 -1.6

-3.0

-2.0

-1.0

0.0

1.0

2.0

3.0

4.0

5.0

Sep'18 Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep'19

1-month percent change 12-month percent change
4

Measures of Import and Export Prices by Locality

Imports by Locality of Origin: Import prices from China decreased 0.2 percent in September, after falling

0.1 percent the previous month. Prices for imports from China have not increased on a monthly basis since 

ticking up 0.1 percent in May 2018. The price index for imports from China declined 1.8 percent over the 

past year, the largest 12-month drop since a 1.9-percent decrease from January 2016 to January 2017. Prices 

for imports from Japan were unchanged in September following an increase of 0.1 percent in August. The 

last time the index rose more than 0.1 percent was a 0.2-percent advance in July 2018. Import prices from 

Japan increased 0.2 percent over the past 12 months. Prices for imports from the European Union decreased 

0.1 percent in September, after declining 0.2 percent in August. Import prices from Mexico declined 0.2 

percent for the second consecutive month in September. The price index for imports from Canada advanced

0.6 percent in September following a 0.6-percent increase in August. Import prices from Canada rose 5.9 

percent over the past year. (See table 7.)

Exports by Locality of Destination: The price index for exports to China decreased 0.2 percent in 

September following declines of 1.5 percent in August, 0.3 percent in July, and 0.2 percent in June. Export 

prices to China fell 2.0 percent over the past year. Prices for exports to Japan ticked up 0.1 percent in 

September, after a 0.7-percent drop in August. Export prices to the European Union edged down 0.1 percent

in September and increased 1.5 percent over the past 12 months. The price indexes for exports to Canada 

and Mexico declined 0.2 percent and 0.5 percent, respectively, in September. (See table 8.)

Terms of Trade Indexes: Terms of Trade indexes are based on country, region, or grouping and measure 

the change in the purchasing power of exports relative to imports. The U.S. terms of trade with China were 

unchanged in September following a 1.4-percent drop in August. In September, lower export prices to China 

offset price decreases for imports from China. The index for U.S. terms of trade with China fell 0.2 percent 

over the past 12 months. U.S. terms of trade with Japan increased 0.1 percent in September, after a 0.7-

percent decline in August and a 0.6-percent rise in July. The U.S. terms of trade with Japan decreased 0.5 

percent over the year ended in September. The index for U.S. terms of trade with the European Union was 

unchanged for the second consecutive month in September. U.S. terms of trade with Mexico fell 0.2 percent 

in September and 1.0 percent over the past 12 months. The U.S. terms of trade with Canada decreased 0.7

percent in September and declined 6.1 percent over the past year. (See table 9.)

Import and Export Services

Imports: Import air passenger fares rose 9.1 percent in September, after falling 8.2 percent in August and 

declining 9.9 percent in July. In September, higher European fares more than offset lower Latin 

American/Caribbean and Asian fares. Import air passenger fares fell 7.4 percent over the 12 months ended 

in September. Import air freight prices decreased 0.3 percent in September. The price index for import air 

freight fell 8.4 percent over the past year. (See table 10.) 

Exports: The index for export air passenger fares declined 5.2 percent in September following a drop of 3.1 

percent in August. Lower Asian and Latin American/Caribbean fares more than offset higher European 

fares in September. Export air passenger fares decreased 3.2 percent from September 2018 to September 

2019. Export air freight prices fell 1.2 percent for the second consecutive month in September, the largest 

monthly drops since decreasing 6.2 percent in December 2017. Prices for export air freight declined 1.2 

percent over the past 12 months. 

 

Import and Export Price Index data for October are scheduled for release on Friday, November 15, 2019 at 

8:30 a.m. (EST).
Table 1. U.S. import price indexes and percent changes for selected categories of goods: September 2018 to

September 2019

[2000=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description End Use

Relative

importance

Aug.

20191

Index Percent change

Aug.

2019

Sept.

2019

Annual Monthly

Sept.

2018 to

Sept.

2019

May

2019 to

June

2019

June

2019 to

July

2019

July

2019 to

Aug.

2019

Aug.

2019 to

Sept.

2019

All commodities................................... 100.000 125.3 125.6 -1.6 -1.1 0.0 -0.2 0.2

All imports excluding food and fuels (Dec.

2010=100)........................................ 83.554 99.2 99.2 -1.1 -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0

All imports excluding petroleum.............. 89.883 112.0 111.9 -1.1 -0.4 0.0 0.0 -0.1

All imports excluding fuels (Dec.

2001=100)........................................ 89.536 116.2 116.1 -1.1 -0.3 0.0 0.0 -0.1

Foods, feeds, & beverages................... 0 5.982 178.1 176.7 -1.7 -1.5 -0.5 -0.5 -0.8

Agricultural foods, feeds & beverages,

excluding distilled beverages............. 00 4.622 193.7 191.6 -2.5 -1.8 -0.5 -1.2 -1.1

Nonagricultural foods (fish, distilled

beverages).................................. 01 1.361 143.4 143.7 1.1 -0.2 -0.3 1.8 0.2

Industrial supplies & materials.............. 1 24.336 187.5 189.7 -3.7 -3.9 0.2 -1.1 1.2

Industrial supplies & materials excluding

petroleum.................................... 14.375 151.7 152.3 -2.5 -1.2 0.1 0.0 0.4

Industrial supplies & materials excluding

fuels (Dec. 2001=100)..................... 13.873 173.8 174.6 -2.2 -0.6 0.2 -0.3 0.5

Industrial supplies & materials, durable. . .. 8.789 166.0 167.7 -0.5 -0.5 0.7 0.1 1.0

Industrial supplies & materials nondurable

excluding petroleum....................... 5.430 134.2 133.2 -5.2 -2.3 -1.0 -0.1 -0.7

Fuels & lubricants............................. 10 10.464 211.3 215.8 -5.1 -7.8 0.1 -1.9 2.1

Petroleum & petroleum products......... 100 10.117 231.6 237.0 -5.8 -7.5 0.2 -2.3 2.3

Crude........................................ 10000 7.316 239.8 246.3 -6.7 -8.5 -0.9 -1.8 2.7

Fuels, n.e.s.-coals & gas.................. 101 0.347 79.2 77.1 -11.3 -16.7 -3.9 10.8 -2.7

Gas-natural.................................. 10110 0.254 62.9 60.6 -10.4 -22.1 -2.6 13.1 -3.7

Paper & paper base stocks.................. 11 0.556 116.4 115.5 -5.9 0.1 -3.1 -0.3 -0.8

Materials associated with nondurable

supplies & materials....................... 12 4.527 155.0 154.3 -5.0 -0.9 -0.4 -1.1 -0.5

Selected building materials.................. 13 1.477 141.3 142.3 -6.8 0.6 0.9 -1.2 0.7

Unfinished metals related to durable

goods........................................ 14 3.792 233.3 237.9 3.2 -1.2 1.1 0.7 2.0

Finished metals related to durable

goods........................................ 15 1.766 157.1 157.7 -1.9 -0.5 0.3 -0.2 0.4

Nonmetals related to durable goods. . . . . .. 16 1.755 113.2 113.2 -1.3 0.0 0.2 0.1 0.0

Capital goods................................... 2 27.834 88.2 88.2 -1.2 -0.2 0.0 -0.1 0.0

Electric generating equipment............... 20 3.441 119.7 120.0 1.6 0.3 0.2 0.1 0.3

Nonelectrical machinery...................... 21 22.089 80.2 80.1 -2.0 -0.2 -0.1 -0.1 -0.1

Transportation equipment excluding motor

vehicles (Dec. 2001=100)................. 22 2.305 136.9 136.9 1.7 0.3 -0.1 0.1 0.0

Automotive vehicles, parts & engines..... 3 15.703 109.7 109.7 -0.7 0.1 -0.2 0.0 0.0

Consumer goods, excluding

automotives.................................. 4 26.145 107.1 107.1 -0.4 0.0 0.2 0.1 0.0

Nondurables, manufactured................. 40 12.505 124.1 124.0 0.3 0.0 0.5 0.2 -0.1

Durables, manufactured...................... 41 12.379 91.4 91.4 -1.2 -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0

Nonmanufactured consumer goods. . . . . . .. 42 1.260 116.5 116.5 1.0 0.0 0.2 -0.2 0.0

1 Relative importance figures are based on 2017 trade values.

NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication.

Dash = Not available

5
Table 2. U.S. export price indexes and percent changes for selected categories of goods: September 2018 to

September 2019

[2000=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description End Use

Relative

importance

Aug.

20191

Index Percent change

Aug.

2019

Sept.

2019

Annual Monthly

Sept.

2018 to

Sept.

2019

May

2019 to

June

2019

June

2019 to

July

2019

July

2019 to

Aug.

2019

Aug.

2019 to

Sept.

2019

All commodities................................... 100.000 125.5 125.2 -1.6 -0.6 0.2 -0.6 -0.2

Agricultural commodities....................... 9.531 176.6 173.5 0.2 2.4 0.2 -2.3 -1.8

All exports excluding food and fuels (Dec.

2010=100)........................................ 80.855 101.5 101.4 0.0 -0.1 0.0 0.0 -0.1

Nonagricultural commodities.................. 90.469 121.6 121.5 -1.9 -0.9 0.2 -0.3 -0.1

Foods, feeds, & beverages................... 0 8.893 180.5 177.7 1.5 2.9 0.2 -2.1 -1.6

Agricultural foods, feeds & beverages,

excluding distilled beverages............. 00 8.276 178.7 175.5 1.6 3.1 0.2 -2.3 -1.8

Nonagricultural foods (fish, distilled

beverages).................................. 01 0.616 215.0 218.2 0.6 -0.8 0.5 1.3 1.5

Industrial supplies & materials.............. 1 31.942 153.3 152.8 -6.5 -2.7 0.5 -1.0 -0.3

Industrial supplies & materials, durable. . .. 10.451 167.0 167.4 3.2 -0.5 0.7 0.9 0.2

Industrial supplies & materials,

nondurable.................................. 21.491 147.3 146.5 -10.9 -3.6 0.3 -2.0 -0.5

Agricultural industrial supplies &

materials..................................... 10 1.225 168.1 165.9 -9.0 -1.5 -0.3 -2.8 -1.3

Nonagricultural industrial supplies &

materials..................................... 30.717 152.8 152.4 -6.5 -2.7 0.5 -1.0 -0.3

Fuels & lubricants............................. 11 10.252 176.7 175.7 -16.5 -6.7 1.4 -3.3 -0.6

Nonagricultural supplies & materials

excluding fuels & building materials. . . .. 12 19.486 157.5 157.2 -1.1 -0.5 0.0 0.3 -0.2

Selected building materials.................. 13 0.979 119.2 119.4 -2.9 -0.9 -0.7 -0.8 0.2

Capital goods................................... 2 36.306 110.8 110.8 0.6 0.1 -0.1 0.1 0.0

Electrical generating equipment............. 20 3.787 117.8 117.3 -0.3 0.1 -0.2 -0.1 -0.4

Nonelectrical machinery...................... 21 23.715 94.7 94.8 -0.2 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.1

Transportation equipment excluding motor

vehicles (Dec. 2001=100)................. 22 8.804 182.9 183.0 3.4 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1

Automotive vehicles, parts & engines..... 3 10.231 114.4 114.3 0.1 0.0 -0.2 -0.2 -0.1

Consumer goods, excluding

automotives.................................. 4 12.629 110.7 110.4 0.5 0.2 0.3 -0.1 -0.3

Nondurables, manufactured................. 40 5.983 108.2 107.9 1.3 0.0 0.7 -0.5 -0.3

Durables, manufactured...................... 41 5.203 107.8 107.5 0.0 0.7 -0.4 0.4 -0.3

Nonmanufactured consumer goods (Dec.

2018=100)................................... 42 1.443 99.0 99.2 – -0.4 0.1 0.0 0.2

1 Relative importance figures are based on 2017 trade values.

NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication.

Dash = Not available

6
Table 3. U.S. import price indexes and percent changes for selected industries: September 2018 to September

2019

[December 2005=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description NAICS

Relative

importance

Aug.

20191

Index Percent change

Aug.

2019

Sept.

2019

Annual Monthly

Sept.

2018 to

Sept.

2019

May

2019 to

June

2019

June

2019 to

July

2019

July

2019 to

Aug.

2019

Aug.

2019 to

Sept.

2019

Nonmanufacturing................................ 9.804 113.8 115.8 -3.0 -7.5 -0.9 -1.6 1.8

Agriculture, forestry, fishing and

hunting........................................ 11 1.874 174.9 172.7 -3.3 -3.4 -0.7 -2.5 -1.3

Crop production............................... 111 1.505 186.3 182.8 -4.2 -3.7 -1.1 -3.5 -1.9

Mining............................................ 21 7.930 107.7 110.4 -3.0 -8.5 -1.0 -1.5 2.5

Oil and gas extraction........................ 211 7.674 107.4 110.1 -3.5 -8.7 -1.0 -1.6 2.5

Manufacturing..................................... 89.887 111.0 111.0 -1.1 -0.4 0.1 -0.1 0.0

Manufacturing, part 1......................... 31 11.231 125.3 125.0 0.0 -0.1 -0.1 0.2 -0.2

Food manufacturing.......................... 311 3.370 154.2 153.5 -1.4 -0.3 -0.8 -0.1 -0.5

Beverage and tobacco product

manufacturing............................... 312 1.154 126.0 125.5 3.0 -0.1 0.1 2.4 -0.4

Textile mills (Dec. 2011=100)............... 313 0.367 99.9 99.6 -0.6 -0.3 2.0 -1.2 -0.3

Textile product mills.......................... 314 0.929 108.3 108.0 -0.9 -0.3 -0.7 0.0 -0.3

Apparel manufacturing....................... 315 3.773 112.8 112.8 0.8 0.1 0.4 0.2 0.0

Leather and allied product

manufacturing............................... 316 1.638 123.4 123.1 -0.2 0.0 0.2 0.0 -0.2

Manufacturing, part 2......................... 32 17.486 125.5 125.7 -2.7 -1.1 0.6 -0.9 0.2

Paper manufacturing......................... 322 1.027 110.9 110.3 -4.8 0.0 -1.7 -0.4 -0.5

Petroleum and coal products

manufacturing............................... 324 2.577 100.7 102.2 -2.3 -4.8 4.0 -3.6 1.5

Chemical manufacturing..................... 325 9.560 138.6 138.4 -2.3 -0.6 0.1 -0.2 -0.1

Plastics and rubber products

manufacturing............................... 326 2.266 118.9 118.7 -0.7 0.0 -0.3 0.1 -0.2

Nonmetallic mineral product

manufacturing............................... 327 1.036 131.0 130.7 -0.5 0.0 -0.3 0.2 -0.2

Manufacturing, part 3......................... 33 61.170 103.5 103.6 -0.9 -0.1 -0.1 0.0 0.1

Primary metal manufacturing................ 331 4.384 155.7 158.4 3.2 -1.2 0.9 0.3 1.7

Fabricated metal product manufacturing... 332 3.115 126.4 126.4 -1.2 -0.1 -0.1 0.2 0.0

Machinery manufacturing.................... 333 7.320 119.0 118.9 0.3 0.0 0.3 0.0 -0.1

Computer and electronic product

manufacturing............................... 334 17.215 72.4 72.3 -3.5 -0.4 -0.3 -0.1 -0.1

Electrical equipment, appliance, and

component manufacturing................. 335 5.177 117.7 117.8 1.5 0.3 0.2 0.0 0.1

Transportation equipment manufacturing... 336 16.699 109.1 109.0 -0.5 0.1 -0.2 0.1 -0.1

Furniture and related product

manufacturing............................... 337 1.867 116.4 116.2 -1.0 -0.4 -0.3 -0.3 -0.2

Miscellaneous manufacturing............... 339 5.393 118.4 118.6 0.3 0.1 0.0 0.2 0.2

1 Relative importance figures are based on 2017 trade values.

NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication.

Dash = Not available

7
Table 4. U.S. export price indexes and percent changes for selected industries: September 2018 to September

2019

[December 2005=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description NAICS

Relative

importance

Aug.

20191

Index Percent change

Aug.

2019

Sept.

2019

Annual Monthly

Sept.

2018 to

Sept.

2019

May

2019 to

June

2019

June

2019 to

July

2019

July

2019 to

Aug.

2019

Aug.

2019 to

Sept.

2019

Nonmanufacturing................................ 8.735 127.5 126.7 -7.8 -0.4 -0.8 -3.2 -0.6

Agriculture, forestry, fishing and

hunting........................................ 11 4.688 146.9 143.7 -1.3 4.0 0.0 -4.2 -2.2

Crop production............................... 111 4.344 153.3 149.6 -1.1 4.5 -0.1 -4.6 -2.4

Mining............................................ 21 4.046 80.7 81.6 -16.1 -5.1 -1.7 -1.9 1.1

Mining (except oil and gas).................. 212 1.302 113.6 108.9 -4.3 -2.0 -1.3 -0.1 -4.1

Manufacturing..................................... 90.047 116.7 116.4 -0.9 -0.6 0.3 -0.3 -0.3

Manufacturing, part 1......................... 31 6.836 141.3 140.0 0.1 0.4 0.3 -0.3 -0.9

Food manufacturing.......................... 311 4.678 159.5 157.7 0.8 0.6 0.4 -0.3 -1.1

Beverage and tobacco product

manufacturing............................... 312 0.664 123.5 122.3 -0.6 0.4 0.8 0.1 -1.0

Manufacturing, part 2......................... 32 25.093 114.1 113.4 -5.4 -2.3 0.8 -1.3 -0.6

Wood product manufacturing (Dec.

2017=100)................................... 321 0.517 96.3 96.0 -6.5 -1.5 -0.5 -1.0 -0.3

Paper manufacturing......................... 322 1.658 122.4 121.9 -8.0 -0.5 -1.6 -1.4 -0.4

Petroleum and coal products

manufacturing............................... 324 6.123 107.5 105.2 -15.4 -7.9 3.5 -3.8 -2.1

Chemical manufacturing..................... 325 13.423 118.5 118.2 -1.6 -0.4 0.1 -0.5 -0.3

Plastics and rubber products

manufacturing............................... 326 2.294 117.0 117.2 1.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2

Nonmetallic mineral product

manufacturing............................... 327 0.849 117.7 119.4 2.2 -0.1 0.0 0.0 1.4

Manufacturing, part 3......................... 33 58.119 115.3 115.3 1.1 0.1 0.0 0.3 0.0

Primary metal manufacturing................ 331 4.183 151.4 152.7 7.8 -0.3 1.7 2.6 0.9

Fabricated metal product manufacturing... 332 3.013 148.2 148.2 5.0 0.6 0.2 0.1 0.0

Machinery manufacturing.................... 333 9.621 130.1 130.1 1.9 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.0

Computer and electronic product

manufacturing............................... 334 13.851 81.8 81.9 -1.8 0.0 -0.1 -0.2 0.1

Electrical equipment, appliance, and

component manufacturing................. 335 3.821 117.8 117.5 -0.7 -0.1 0.0 -0.3 -0.3

Transportation equipment manufacturing... 336 17.803 129.0 129.1 1.5 0.1 -0.1 -0.1 0.1

Furniture and related product

manufacturing (Dec. 2011=100).......... 337 0.399 122.5 122.6 1.6 -0.1 -0.2 0.2 0.1

Miscellaneous manufacturing............... 339 5.429 121.1 120.8 0.4 0.6 -0.2 0.7 -0.2

1 Relative importance figures are based on 2017 trade values.

NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication.

Dash = Not available

8
Table 5. U.S. import price indexes and percent changes for selected categories of goods: September 2018 to

September 2019

[2000=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description

Harmonized

system

Relative

importance

Aug.

20191

Index Percent change

Aug.

2019

Sept.

2019

Annual Monthly

Sept.

2018 to

Sept.

2019

May

2019 to

June

2019

June

2019 to

July

2019

July

2019 to

Aug.

2019

Aug.

2019 to

Sept.

2019

Live animals; animal products................. I 1.400 196.2 195.8 1.3 -0.7 -0.3 0.6 -0.2

Meat and edible meat offal..................... 02 0.380 262.9 259.0 7.6 0.1 -1.3 0.2 -1.5

Fish and crustaceans, molluscs and other

aquatic invertebrates......................... 03 0.737 140.3 140.6 -0.8 -0.4 -0.1 0.6 0.2

Vegetable products............................... II 1.828 206.1 203.1 -3.7 -3.8 -1.3 -2.9 -1.5

Edible vegetables, roots, and tubers.......... 07 0.484 497.9 502.8 30.9 0.5 -7.9 6.6 1.0

Edible fruit and nuts; peel of citrus fruit or

melons.......................................... 08 0.648 114.4 105.2 -22.2 -11.0 1.9 -9.9 -8.0

Coffee, tea, mate and spices.................. 09 0.320 191.0 203.4 0.9 1.6 -0.1 -3.3 6.5

Animal or vegetable fats and oils (Dec.

2009=100)........................................ III 0.226 85.1 83.2 -14.8 -1.5 0.4 0.7 -2.2

Prepared foodstuffs, beverages, and

tobacco........................................... IV 2.865 166.7 166.4 0.2 0.1 0.0 0.8 -0.2

Cocoa and cocoa preparations (Dec.

2009=100)..................................... 18 0.223 96.6 95.3 -3.2 1.2 0.6 -1.8 -1.3

Preparations of vegetables, fruit, nuts, or

other parts of plants.......................... 20 0.365 171.2 170.4 -2.4 0.1 0.4 0.3 -0.5

Beverages, spirits, and vinegar................ 22 1.106 136.4 135.8 2.9 -0.1 0.1 2.6 -0.4

Mineral products.................................. V 10.456 211.6 216.0 -5.1 -7.6 0.0 -1.8 2.1

Mineral fuels, oils and residuals, bituminous

substances and mineral waxes............. 27 10.141 208.7 213.1 -5.5 -7.8 0.0 -1.9 2.1

Products of the chemical or allied

industries........................................ VI 8.932 156.6 156.5 -1.9 -0.6 0.4 -0.1 -0.1

Inorganic chemicals............................. 28 0.488 277.5 277.2 -15.2 -5.0 -0.5 -4.3 -0.1

Organic chemicals............................... 29 2.016 126.4 126.0 -5.6 -0.2 -0.2 -0.6 -0.3

Pharmaceutical products....................... 30 4.416 155.0 155.2 1.4 -0.3 1.4 0.4 0.1

Fertilizers (Dec. 2009=100).................... 31 0.262 79.2 79.6 -4.7 -2.7 -6.7 -0.6 0.5

Essential oils and resinoids (Dec.

2016=100)..................................... 33 0.603 103.6 103.2 -0.2 0.0 0.6 -0.4 -0.4

Miscellaneous chemical products............. 38 0.583 103.0 102.1 -4.6 -0.1 0.4 -0.5 -0.9

Plastics and articles thereof; rubber and

articles thereof.................................. VII 3.472 139.8 139.5 -1.3 0.1 -0.4 -0.4 -0.2

Plastics and articles thereof.................... 39 2.322 142.6 142.2 -1.8 0.1 -0.3 -0.3 -0.3

Rubber and articles thereof.................... 40 1.150 136.4 136.4 -0.1 0.5 -0.7 -0.4 0.0

Raw hides, skins, leather, furskins, travel

goods, etc....................................... VIII 0.617 123.9 123.8 -0.9 -0.1 -0.5 -0.1 -0.1

Articles of leather; travel goods, bags, etc.

of various materials........................... 42 0.589 130.4 130.3 -0.5 -0.1 -0.5 -0.1 -0.1

Wood, wood charcoal, cork, straw,

basketware and wickerwork................. IX 0.836 142.6 144.4 -12.4 1.0 1.7 -2.3 1.3

Woodpulp, recovered paper, and paper

products......................................... X 1.079 117.4 116.6 -4.0 0.2 -2.0 -0.3 -0.7

Paper and paperboard; articles of paper

pulp, paper or paperboard................... 48 0.728 109.9 109.2 -1.7 0.1 -0.9 -0.3 -0.6

Textile and textile articles....................... XI 4.903 114.7 114.6 0.1 -0.2 0.6 -0.2 -0.1

Articles of apparel and clothing accessories,

knitted or crocheted.......................... 61 1.994 105.8 105.8 1.3 -0.1 1.0 0.2 0.0

Articles of apparel and clothing accessories,

not knitted or crocheted...................... 62 1.645 120.9 121.1 0.7 0.2 0.0 0.2 0.2

Made-up or worn textile articles............... 63 0.639 102.0 101.6 -2.4 -0.1 -1.2 -0.4 -0.4

See footnotes at end of table.

9
Table 5. U.S. import price indexes and percent changes for selected categories of goods: September 2018 to

September 2019 — Continued

[2000=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description

Harmonized

system

Relative

importance

Aug.

20191

Index Percent change

Aug.

2019

Sept.

2019

Annual Monthly

Sept.

2018 to

Sept.

2019

May

2019 to

June

2019

June

2019 to

July

2019

July

2019 to

Aug.

2019

Aug.

2019 to

Sept.

2019

Headgear, umbrellas, artificial flowers,

etc................................................. XII 1.365 122.7 122.4 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.1 -0.2

Footwear and parts of such articles........... 64 1.134 121.7 121.3 0.1 0.0 0.2 0.1 -0.3

Stone, plaster, cement, asbestos,

ceramics, glass etc............................ XIII 0.951 132.2 131.8 -0.3 0.1 -0.2 0.3 -0.3

Ceramic products................................ 69 0.267 135.7 135.7 0.4 0.1 -0.7 0.0 0.0

Pearls, stones, precious metals, imitation

jewelry, and coins.............................. XIV 2.838 185.5 191.9 14.7 0.7 2.9 1.5 3.5

Base metals and articles of base metals. . .. XV 5.787 173.3 173.3 -3.7 -1.2 -0.5 -0.1 0.0

Iron and steel.................................... 72 1.328 214.3 212.9 -7.7 -1.3 -1.4 0.2 -0.7

Articles of iron or steel.......................... 73 1.720 149.6 150.0 -1.6 -0.3 -0.5 0.3 0.3

Copper and articles thereof.................... 74 0.424 266.7 264.3 -2.4 -5.0 1.3 -3.1 -0.9

Aluminum and articles thereof................. 76 0.979 128.2 127.0 -8.0 -1.3 -0.3 -1.5 -0.9

Tools, implements, cutlery, spoons and

forks, of base metal; parts thereof.......... 82 0.443 123.6 123.8 0.3 0.1 -0.1 -0.1 0.2

Miscellaneous articles of base metal. . . . . . . .. 83 0.517 135.8 135.8 -0.9 -0.2 0.1 -0.2 0.0

Machinery, electrical equipment, TV image

and sound recorders, parts, etc............. XVI 30.020 79.3 79.2 -1.5 0.0 0.1 -0.1 -0.1

Machinery and mechanical appliances;

parts thereof................................... 84 14.921 85.5 85.3 -1.7 -0.1 0.0 0.0 -0.2

Electrical machinery and equip, sound and

TV recorders & reproducers, parts......... 85 15.099 73.5 73.5 -1.3 0.1 0.1 -0.1 0.0

Vehicles, aircraft, vessels and associated

transport equipment........................... XVII 13.920 113.4 113.3 -0.8 -0.1 -0.2 0.1 -0.1

Motor vehicles and their parts................. 87 12.747 112.6 112.5 -0.7 0.0 -0.2 0.2 -0.1

Aircraft, spacecraft, and parts thereof (Dec.

2002=100)..................................... 88 1.062 113.0 113.0 -1.8 -0.7 -0.6 0.0 0.0

Optical, photo, measuring, medical &

musical instruments; & timepieces. . . . . . .. XVIII 3.989 101.6 101.7 -0.5 -0.1 0.1 -0.1 0.1

Optical, photographic, measuring and

medical instruments.......................... 90 3.716 98.1 98.2 -0.5 -0.2 0.1 -0.1 0.1

Clocks and watches and parts thereof. . . . . .. 91 0.211 143.3 144.1 1.3 -0.1 1.0 0.1 0.6

Miscellaneous manufactured articles......... XX 4.439 111.8 111.7 -1.0 -0.2 -0.3 -0.1 -0.1

Furniture & stuffed furnishings; lamps &

lighting fittings, nesoi; prefab bldgs......... 94 2.790 117.8 117.6 -0.8 -0.3 -0.2 -0.3 -0.2

Toys, games and sports equipment; parts

and accessories thereof...................... 95 1.378 101.8 101.8 -1.4 0.1 -0.6 0.3 0.0

Miscellaneous manufactured articles. . . . . . . .. 96 0.271 128.7 128.7 -0.6 0.0 -0.1 0.0 0.0

1 Relative importance figures are based on 2017 trade values.

NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication.

Dash = Not available

10
Table 6. U.S. export price indexes and percent changes for selected categories of goods: September 2018 to

September 2019

[2000=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description

Harmonized

system

Relative

importance

Aug.

20191

Index Percent change

Aug.

2019

Sept.

2019

Annual Monthly

Sept.

2018 to

Sept.

2019

May

2019 to

June

2019

June

2019 to

July

2019

July

2019 to

Aug.

2019

Aug.

2019 to

Sept.

2019

Live animals; animal products................. I 2.006 217.4 213.8 2.9 1.0 -0.1 -0.1 -1.7

Meat & edible meat offal (Dec. 2006=100)... 02 1.193 171.5 164.8 2.5 1.9 0.2 -0.9 -3.9

Fish and crustaceans, mollusks and aquatic

invertebrates (Dec. 2016=100).............. 03 0.403 118.6 120.4 0.9 -1.0 0.4 1.8 1.5

Vegetable products............................... II 4.403 190.5 185.9 1.3 5.2 0.2 -4.5 -2.4

Edible fruit and nuts; peel of citrus fruit or

melons.......................................... 08 0.969 135.4 139.9 6.6 6.1 -2.5 -0.7 3.3

Cereals............................................ 10 1.380 194.4 177.3 -6.9 11.9 -0.5 -5.0 -8.8

Oilseeds and misc. grains, seeds, fruits,

plants, straw and fodder..................... 12 1.658 184.3 182.8 2.3 3.8 1.7 -3.0 -0.8

Prepared foodstuffs, beverages, and

tobacco........................................... IV 3.046 154.6 153.4 1.3 1.0 0.8 -0.1 -0.8

Miscellaneous edible preparations (Dec.

2017=100)..................................... 21 0.573 98.8 98.6 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.1 -0.2

Beverages, spirits, and vinegar (Dec.

2008=100)..................................... 22 0.564 112.7 110.9 4.4 3.6 2.5 -0.2 -1.6

Residues and waste from the food

industries; prepared animal feed............ 23 0.702 215.6 209.5 -3.1 1.5 0.8 -0.7 -2.8

Mineral products.................................. V 10.346 212.8 211.9 -15.7 -6.8 1.4 -3.3 -0.4

Ores, slag and ash (Dec. 2012=100)......... 26 0.410 98.3 96.6 1.3 -3.7 -0.5 1.7 -1.7

Mineral fuels, oils and residuals, bituminous

substances and mineral waxes............. 27 9.737 204.1 203.3 -16.8 -7.0 1.5 -3.6 -0.4

Products of the chemical or allied

industries........................................ VI 10.963 138.6 138.0 -1.1 -0.5 0.1 -0.1 -0.4

Inorganic chemicals............................. 28 0.735 147.7 146.4 -3.7 -0.3 0.0 -1.3 -0.9

Organic chemicals............................... 29 2.592 142.4 141.3 -5.5 -0.7 -0.8 -0.2 -0.8

Pharmaceutical products....................... 30 3.093 107.9 107.4 0.8 0.0 1.0 0.0 -0.5

Tanning or dyeing extracts, dyes, paints

varnish, putty, & inks (Dec. 2015=100). . .. 32 0.567 107.5 104.5 2.1 -1.2 1.6 1.9 -2.8

Essential oils and resinoids; perfumery

cosmetic or toilet preparations.............. 33 0.851 130.5 130.4 -0.4 -0.6 -0.2 -0.5 -0.1

Soap; lubricants; waxes, polishing or

scouring products; candles, pastes......... 34 0.494 124.6 125.2 4.5 -0.1 0.1 0.2 0.5

Miscellaneous chemical products............. 38 1.973 155.5 156.3 1.4 -0.4 -0.6 -0.1 0.5

Plastics and articles thereof; rubber and

articles thereof.................................. VII 5.213 143.1 142.0 -2.1 -0.1 0.0 -0.6 -0.8

Plastics and articles thereof.................... 39 4.333 140.2 138.9 -1.8 0.1 -0.1 -0.6 -0.9

Rubber and articles thereof.................... 40 0.879 153.7 153.4 -3.7 -0.6 0.5 -0.3 -0.2

Wood, wood charcoal, cork, straw, baskets

and wickerwork (Dec. 2014=100)............ IX 0.624 95.5 94.3 -8.4 -1.3 -0.8 -1.0 -1.3

Woodpulp, recovered paper, and paper

products......................................... X 1.869 122.4 121.6 -8.9 -0.6 -1.6 -0.1 -0.7

Paper and paperboard; articles of paper

pulp, paper or paperboard................... 48 1.083 125.0 124.9 -3.6 0.2 -0.2 -0.6 -0.1

Textile and textile articles....................... XI 1.683 117.4 117.5 -6.7 -1.9 -0.2 -3.1 0.1

Cotton, including yarns and woven fabrics

thereof.......................................... 52 0.445 108.7 109.3 -19.0 -6.7 -1.9 -6.5 0.6

Stone, plaster, cement, asbestos,

ceramics, glass etc............................ XIII 0.824 127.4 128.2 3.1 0.0 -0.1 0.0 0.6

Pearls, stones, precious metals, imitation

jewelry, and coins.............................. XIV 4.477 258.8 262.9 14.1 1.6 2.3 3.1 1.6

Base metals and articles of base metals. . .. XV 4.679 157.3 155.3 -2.8 -1.2 -0.6 -0.2 -1.3

See footnotes at end of table.

11
Table 6. U.S. export price indexes and percent changes for selected categories of goods: September 2018 to

September 2019 — Continued

[2000=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description

Harmonized

system

Relative

importance

Aug.

20191

Index Percent change

Aug.

2019

Sept.

2019

Annual Monthly

Sept.

2018 to

Sept.

2019

May

2019 to

June

2019

June

2019 to

July

2019

July

2019 to

Aug.

2019

Aug.

2019 to

Sept.

2019

Copper and articles thereof.................... 74 0.465 172.7 171.4 -4.6 -5.3 -0.3 -3.0 -0.8

Aluminum and articles thereof................. 76 0.691 101.7 98.8 -11.9 -2.2 -1.1 -1.3 -2.9

Miscellaneous articles of base metal. . . . . . . .. 83 0.337 154.3 154.1 0.8 0.0 -0.1 0.3 -0.1

Machinery, electrical equipment, TV image

and sound recorders, parts, etc............. XVI 28.163 97.6 97.6 -0.2 0.1 -0.2 -0.2 0.0

Machinery and mechanical appliances;

parts thereof................................... 84 16.365 115.8 115.8 0.5 0.1 -0.2 -0.3 0.0

Electrical machinery and equipment and

parts and accessories thereof............... 85 11.798 78.1 78.1 -1.1 -0.1 -0.3 0.0 0.0

Vehicles, aircraft, vessels and associated

transport equipment........................... XVII 13.817 137.1 137.1 1.1 0.1 -0.1 0.0 0.0

Motor vehicles and their parts................. 87 8.358 116.3 116.3 -0.1 0.0 -0.2 -0.2 0.0

Optical, photo, measuring, medical &

musical instruments; & timepieces. . . . . . .. XVIII 5.988 111.3 111.4 1.8 0.9 0.8 0.4 0.1

Miscellaneous manufactured articles......... XX 1.382 112.9 112.9 0.1 -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0

Furniture; stuffed furnishings; lamps and

lighting fittings nesoi;......................... 94 0.769 130.6 130.7 0.6 -0.2 -0.1 -0.2 0.1

Toys, games and sports equipment; parts

and accessories thereof...................... 95 0.458 88.6 88.6 1.0 0.1 0.0 0.5 0.0

1 Relative importance figures are based on 2017 trade values.

NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication.

Dash = Not available

12
Table 7. U.S. import price indexes and percent changes by locality of origin: September 2018 to September

2019

[2000=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description

Relative

importance

Aug.

20191

Index Percent change

Aug.

2019

Sept.

2019

Annual Monthly

Sept.

2018 to

Sept.

2019

May

2019 to

June

2019

June

2019 to

July

2019

July

2019 to

Aug.

2019

Aug.

2019 to

Sept.

2019

Industrialized Countries2

.................... 100.000 127.0 127.4 2.4 -1.6 0.2 0.2 0.3

Nonmanufacturing........................... 11.184 189.0 193.2 24.4 -11.2 -0.2 2.6 2.2

Manufacturing................................ 88.236 121.2 121.3 0.0 -0.4 0.3 -0.2 0.1

Canada.......................................... 100.000 140.3 141.1 5.9 -4.4 -0.4 0.6 0.6

Nonmanufacturing........................... 30.538 185.2 189.6 28.5 -11.6 -0.6 2.8 2.4

Manufacturing................................ 68.584 129.8 129.7 -2.6 -0.9 -0.3 -0.3 -0.1

European Union............................... 100.000 136.8 136.7 -0.2 -0.5 0.1 -0.2 -0.1

Manufacturing................................ 98.744 133.2 133.1 -0.3 -0.4 0.2 -0.2 -0.1

France (Dec. 2003=100)...................... 100.000 127.8 127.5 -0.7 -0.6 0.5 -0.2 -0.2

Germany (Dec. 2003=100)................... 100.000 112.4 112.7 0.7 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.3

United Kingdom (Dec. 2003=100).......... 100.000 121.4 121.8 0.3 -0.7 0.5 -0.3 0.3

Latin America3................................. 100.000 147.1 147.4 -3.3 -1.3 -0.2 -0.6 0.2

Nonmanufacturing........................... 16.614 254.9 257.2 -10.7 -4.5 -1.4 -5.3 0.9

Manufacturing................................ 83.104 120.4 120.6 -1.3 -0.6 0.1 0.3 0.2

Mexico (Dec. 2003=100)...................... 100.000 127.7 127.4 -1.8 -1.3 0.1 -0.2 -0.2

Nonmanufacturing (Dec. 2008=100). . . . .. 8.319 136.7 132.6 -15.8 -9.5 1.2 -9.0 -3.0

Manufacturing (Dec. 2008=100)........... 91.418 87.8 87.8 -0.3 -0.5 0.0 0.7 0.0

Pacific Rim (Dec. 2003=100)4

............... 100.000 98.1 98.0 -1.1 -0.2 0.0 -0.1 -0.1

China (Dec. 2003=100)....................... 100.000 98.6 98.4 -1.8 -0.2 -0.2 -0.1 -0.2

Japan............................................ 100.000 96.8 96.8 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0

Taiwan (Dec. 2018=100)...................... 100.000 99.0 99.2 – 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.2

Asian NICs5

..................................... 100.000 87.8 87.7 -1.2 -0.8 0.6 -0.6 -0.1

ASEAN (Dec. 2003=100)6

.................... 100.000 97.4 97.4 -1.3 -0.2 0.9 -0.1 0.0

Asia Near East (Dec. 2003=100)7

........... 100.000 182.5 185.4 -6.4 -4.8 -0.7 1.2 1.6

1 Relative importance figures are based on 2017 trade values.

2 Western Europe, Canada, Japan, Australia, New Zealand, and South Africa.

3 Mexico, Central America, South America, and the Caribbean.

4 China, Japan, Australia, Brunei, Indonesia, Macao, Malaysia, New Zealand, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, and the Asian Newly Industrialized

Countries.

5 Asian Newly Industrialized Countries - Hong Kong, Singapore, South Korea, and Taiwan.

6 Association of Southeast Asian Nations - Brunei, Cambodia, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, Philippines, Singapore, Thailand, and Vietnam.

7 Bahrain, Iran, Iraq, Israel, Jordan, Kuwait, Lebanon, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Syria, United Arab Emirates, and Yemen.

NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication.

Regions are not mutually exclusive.

Dash = Not available

13
Table 8. U.S. export price indexes and percent changes by locality of destination: September 2018 to

September 2019

[December 2017=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description

Relative

importance

Aug.

20191

Index Percent change

Aug.

2019

Sept.

2019

Annual Monthly

Sept.

2018 to

Sept.

2019

May

2019 to

June

2019

June

2019 to

July

2019

July

2019 to

Aug.

2019

Aug.

2019 to

Sept.

2019

Industrialized Countries2

.................... 100.000 102.9 102.8 0.2 -0.3 0.3 -0.4 -0.1

Nonmanufacturing........................... 8.082 104.0 104.7 3.4 -2.7 -1.2 -4.8 0.7

Manufacturing................................ 90.796 103.1 102.8 0.0 -0.1 0.4 0.0 -0.3

Canada.......................................... 100.000 103.8 103.6 -0.7 -0.4 0.2 -0.9 -0.2

European Union............................... 100.000 105.1 105.0 1.5 -0.4 0.7 -0.2 -0.1

Nonmanufacturing........................... 7.075 103.0 100.9 -0.8 -2.4 -2.6 -2.5 -2.0

Manufacturing................................ 91.802 105.3 105.4 1.7 -0.3 1.0 -0.1 0.1

Germany........................................ 100.000 104.3 104.5 3.7 0.2 1.2 0.0 0.2

Latin America3

................................. 100.000 100.5 100.1 -3.7 -1.8 0.7 -1.1 -0.4

Nonmanufacturing........................... 6.974 103.7 100.7 -3.9 1.1 -0.7 -1.4 -2.9

Manufacturing................................ 92.602 100.3 100.1 -3.7 -2.0 0.9 -1.1 -0.2

Mexico........................................... 100.000 100.3 99.8 -2.8 -1.3 0.7 -0.7 -0.5

Nonmanufacturing........................... 6.007 96.6 95.0 -7.9 0.5 -0.4 -1.5 -1.7

Manufacturing................................ 93.502 100.5 100.1 -2.5 -1.4 0.7 -0.6 -0.4

Pacific Rim4

.................................... 100.000 100.2 100.3 0.6 -0.1 0.8 -0.5 0.1

Nonmanufacturing........................... 14.313 99.2 98.7 7.0 0.2 4.0 -3.2 -0.5

Manufacturing................................ 83.863 101.0 101.1 0.2 0.0 0.3 0.0 0.1

China............................................ 100.000 96.3 96.1 -2.0 -0.2 -0.3 -1.5 -0.2

Nonmanufacturing........................... 20.285 93.9 94.3 5.7 0.3 0.3 -3.7 0.4

Manufacturing................................ 76.458 98.4 98.2 -2.4 0.0 -0.3 -1.0 -0.2

Japan............................................ 100.000 100.1 100.2 -0.3 0.1 0.7 -0.7 0.1

Nonmanufacturing........................... 18.371 100.5 98.4 -0.2 1.8 0.1 -4.6 -2.1

Manufacturing................................ 80.450 99.8 100.2 -0.7 -0.2 0.6 0.4 0.4

1 Relative importance figures are based on 2017 trade values.

2 Western Europe, Canada, Japan, Australia, New Zealand, and South Africa.

3 Mexico, Central America, South America, and the Caribbean.

4 China, Japan, Australia, Brunei, Indonesia, Macao, Malaysia, New Zealand, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, and the Asian Newly Industrialized

Countries.

NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication.

Regions are not mutually exclusive.

Dash = Not available

14
Table 9. U.S. terms of trade indexes and percent changes by locality: September 2018 to September 20191

[December 2017=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description

Index Percent change

Aug.

2019

Sept.

2019

Annual Monthly

Sept.

2018 to

Sept.

2019

May

2019 to

June

2019

June

2019 to

July

2019

July

2019 to

Aug.

2019

Aug.

2019 to

Sept.

2019

Industrialized Countries2

............................ 99.2 98.8 -2.2 1.4 0.1 -0.5 -0.4

Canada.................................................. 97.2 96.5 -6.1 4.1 0.5 -1.4 -0.7

European Union...................................... 103.4 103.4 1.8 0.1 0.6 0.0 0.0

Germany................................................ 106.8 106.7 2.9 0.2 1.0 0.0 -0.1

Latin America3

........................................ 101.7 101.1 -0.3 -0.5 0.9 -0.5 -0.6

Mexico.................................................. 101.3 101.1 -1.0 0.0 0.7 -0.6 -0.2

Pacific Rim4............................................ 100.5 100.7 1.7 0.1 0.8 -0.4 0.2

China.................................................... 97.8 97.8 -0.2 0.0 -0.1 -1.4 0.0

Japan.................................................... 98.8 98.9 -0.5 0.1 0.6 -0.7 0.1

1 Terms of trade indexes are derived by dividing the export price index by the corresponding import price index and multiplying by 100.

2 Western Europe, Canada, Japan, Australia, New Zealand, and South Africa.

3 Mexico, Central America, South America, and the Caribbean.

4 China, Japan, Australia, Brunei, Indonesia, Macao, Malaysia, New Zealand, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, and the Asian Newly Industrialized

Countries.

NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication.

Regions are not mutually exclusive.

Dash = Not available

15
Table 10. U.S. international price indexes and percent changes for selected transportation services: September

2018 to September 2019

[2000=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description

Relative

importance

Aug.

20191

Index Percent change

Aug.

2019

Sept.

2019

Annual Monthly

Sept.

2018 to

Sept.

2019

May

2019 to

June

2019

June

2019 to

July

2019

July

2019 to

Aug.

2019

Aug.

2019 to

Sept.

2019

Air Freight

Import Air Freight.................................... 100.000 173.7 173.1 -8.4 -0.1 -2.5 -0.4 -0.3

Europe (Dec. 2003=100).......................... 27.356 145.7 145.5 -0.1 0.1 -2.6 1.0 -0.1

Asia.................................................. 59.357 161.2 160.3 -13.0 -0.1 -2.8 -1.1 -0.6

Export Air Freight................................... 100.000 164.4 162.4 -1.2 -0.5 0.7 -1.2 -1.2

Europe (Dec. 2006=100).......................... 32.038 151.6 151.1 1.2 -0.5 0.5 -0.6 -0.3

Inbound Air Freight................................. 100.000 161.0 160.1 -7.2 0.5 -2.2 -2.1 -0.6

Europe (Dec. 2003=100).......................... 28.360 132.0 132.6 -2.2 1.4 -4.3 -0.1 0.5

Asia.................................................. 56.355 147.9 146.0 -11.2 0.2 -1.6 -3.5 -1.3

Outbound Air Freight............................... 100.000 146.4 141.8 -2.3 0.0 2.6 -1.5 -3.1

Europe (Dec. 2003=100).......................... 33.282 154.7 154.7 3.8 -0.3 0.4 -0.3 0.0

Asia.................................................. 44.559 141.0 131.5 -8.0 0.4 6.2 -3.8 -6.7

Air Passenger Fares

Import Air Passenger Fares....................... 100.000 153.6 167.6 -7.4 6.7 -9.9 -8.2 9.1

Europe............................................... 50.328 162.0 192.6 -8.9 7.3 -12.7 -12.2 18.9

Asia.................................................. 21.530 125.9 124.0 -6.3 9.7 -11.8 -5.1 -1.5

Latin America/Caribbean.......................... 7.734 160.3 147.6 -0.8 4.3 6.1 -4.6 -7.9

Export Air Passenger Fares....................... 100.000 154.4 146.3 -3.2 4.0 3.3 -3.1 -5.2

Europe............................................... 26.572 184.1 186.2 -6.2 5.2 3.2 -11.4 1.1

Asia.................................................. 29.515 145.6 130.6 -3.2 5.5 1.6 3.2 -10.3

Latin America/Caribbean.......................... 25.874 164.6 154.1 0.6 4.9 6.7 -3.0 -6.4

1 Relative importance figures are based on 2017 trade values.

NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication.

Dash = Not available

16
17 

TECHNICAL NOTE

Import and Export Goods and Services Price Indexes - All indexes use a modified Laspeyres 

formula and are not seasonally adjusted. Price indexes are reweighted annually, with a 2-year lag in the 

weights. Published series use a base year of 2000=100 where possible. More detailed index series and 

additional information may be obtained at www.bls.gov/mxp or by calling (202) 691-7101. 

Merchandise Goods Classification Systems - The merchandise price indexes are published using three 

classification systems. Items are classified by end use according to the Bureau of Economic Analysis 

Classification System, by industry according to the North American Industry Classification System 

(NAICS), and by product category according to the Harmonized System (HS). While classification by 

end use and product category are self-explanatory, some notes are in order for classifying items by 

industry. In the NAICS imports and exports tables, items are classified by output industry, not input 

industry. As an example, NAICS import index 326 (plastics and rubber products manufacturing) 

includes outputs such as manufactured plastic rather than inputs such as petroleum. The NAICS 

classification structure also matches the classification system used by the Producer Price Index (PPI) to 

produce the NAICS primary products indexes.

Import Price Goods Indexes - Items are classified by the Harmonized Tariff Schedule of the United 

States Annotated (TSUSA). Import prices are based on U.S. dollar prices paid by the U.S. importer. The 

prices are generally either "free on board" (f.o.b.) foreign port or "cost, insurance, and freight" (c.i.f.) 

U.S. port transaction prices, depending on the practices of the individual industry. The index for crude 

petroleum is calculated from data collected by the U.S. Department of Energy. 

Export Price Goods Indexes - Items are classified by the Harmonized Schedule B classification system 

of the U.S. Bureau of the Census. The prices used are generally either "free alongside ship" (f.a.s.) 

factory or "free on board" (f.o.b.) transaction prices, depending on the practices of the individual 

industry. Prices used in the grain index, excluding rice, are obtained from the U.S. Department of 

Agriculture. 

Services Price Indexes - Indexes for import and export air passenger fares calculate changes in the 

average revenue received per passenger by foreign carriers from U.S. residents and by U.S. carriers from 

foreign residents, respectively. Data are obtained from an airline consulting service and report on tickets 

sold by travel agencies, travel websites, and directly by the airlines. Taxes and fees are included in both 

the import and export air passenger fares indexes. Import air passenger fares data have used the airline 

consulting service source since September 2008. Before April 2018, the export air passenger fares data 

were collected directly by BLS from U.S. airlines. The air freight indexes are calculated from data 

collected directly from airlines. These data exclude mail and passenger baggage. The scope of the 

service being priced is the movement of freight from airport to airport only, and does not include any 

ground transportation or port service. The air freight indexes are presented using two definitions: 

balance of payments (which represents transactions between U.S. and foreign residents) and 

international (which represents transactions inbound to and outbound from the United States.) Fact 

sheets specifying detailed information for each services industry are available at www.bls.gov/mxp 

under "MXP Publications." 
18 

Import Price Indexes by Locality of Origin - Prices used in these indexes are a subset of the data 

collected for the import price indexes. The indexes are specific to a country, region, or grouping and, 

beginning with January 2002, are based on the North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 

covering goods-producing industries. Nonmanufactured goods are defined as NAICS 11 and 21, and 

manufactured goods are defined as NAICS 31-33. 

Export Price Indexes by Locality of Destination - Prices used in these indexes are a subset of the data 

collected for the export price indexes. The indexes are specific to a country, region, or grouping and are 

based on the North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) covering goods-producing 

industries. Nonmanufactured goods are defined as NAICS 11 and 21, and manufactured goods are 

defined as NAICS 31-33. 

Terms of Trade Indexes - Terms of trade indexes measure the relative price of exports in terms of 

import prices for a specific country, region, or grouping. The indexes are calculated as one country, 

region, or grouping’s all-export goods price index divided by the corresponding all-import goods price 

index on a scale of 100. 

 

Relative Importance - A relative importance is a specific index’s price-updated value share (expressed 

as a percentage) of overall imports or exports at a specific point in time. Relative importance values are 

affected by the trade weights at the point indexes are reweighted and index changes relative to other 

indexes since the reweight point. If an index is rising in value relative to other indexes over time, the 

relative importance will increase as well. 

Revision Policy - To reflect the availability of late reports and corrections by respondents, monthly data 

may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication. After 3 months, no further data 

revisions take place. For example, data first published in the January release will be subject to revision 

in the releases for February, March, and April. 

Rounding Policy - Index values are rounded to the tenth decimal place after being calculated. All 

percent changes are then derived from the rounded index values and subsequently rounded to the tenth 

decimal place. 

Uses of the Data - The primary use of the indexes is to deflate trade statistics, notably the foreign trade 

sector of the National Income and Product Accounts (NIPA) constructed by the Department of 

Commerce. Other published indexes are useful for general market analysis. For trade in international 

services, balance of payments indexes are used for deflating NIPA, while international indexes are more 

appropriate for market analysis. 

Email Subscription - The U.S. import and export price indexes news release is available through an 

email subscription service at www.bls.gov/bls/list.htm. 

 

Additional Information - More detailed data are available on the Import/Export Price Indexes home 

page at www.bls.gov/mxp. For import and export price indexes data requests, send an email to 

mxpinfo@bls.gov. 

Information from this release will be made available to sensory impaired individuals upon request. 

Voice phone: (202)-691-5200; Federal Relay Service: 1-(800)-877-8339.