Transmission of material in this release is embargoed until USDL-13-1628 

8:30 a.m. (EDT) Friday, August 16, 2013 

Technical information: (202) 691-5606 • dprweb@bls.gov • www.bls.gov/lpc

Media contact: (202) 691-5902 • PressOffice@bls.gov

PRODUCTIVITY AND COSTS

Second Quarter 2013, Preliminary

Nonfarm business sector labor productivity increased at a 0.9 percent annual rate during the second

quarter of 2013, the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today. The increase in productivity reflects 

increases of 2.6 percent in output and 1.7 percent in hours worked. (All quarterly percent changes in this 

release are seasonally adjusted annual rates.) From the second quarter of 2012 to the second quarter of 

2013, productivity was unchanged as output and hours worked both increased 1.8 percent. (See chart 1 

and table A.) 

Labor productivity, or output per hour, is calculated by dividing an index of real output by an index of 

hours worked of all persons, including employees, proprietors, and unpaid family workers. 

Historical Revisions to Productivity and Costs Data 

Data in this release reflect the comprehensive revision to the National Income and Product Accounts 

(NIPA) released by the Bureau of Economic Analysis of the U.S. Department of Commerce on July 31, 

2013. All index series have been rebased from 2005=100 to 2009=100. See “Revised measures” section

(page 2).

Chart 1. Output per hour, nonfarm business, all persons, 

2009Q1 – 2013Q2

-14.0

-12.0

-10.0

-8.0

-6.0

-4.0

-2.0

0.0

2.0

4.0

6.0

8.0

10.0

12.0

14.0

2009 2010 2011 2012 2013

From previous quarter, annual rate

From same quarter a year ago

Percent change Percent change

Chart 2. Unit labor costs, nonfarm business, all persons, 

2009Q1 – 2013Q2

-14.0

-12.0

-10.0

-8.0

-6.0

-4.0

-2.0

0.0

2.0

4.0

6.0

8.0

10.0

12.0

14.0

2009 2010 2011 2012 2013

From previous quarter, annual rate

From same quarter a year ago
Unit labor costs in nonfarm businesses increased 1.4 percent in the second quarter of 2013, the 

combined effect of a 2.3 percent increase in hourly compensation and the 0.9 percent increase in 

productivity. Over the last four quarters hourly compensation and unit labor costs both increased 1.6 

percent. (See chart 2 and table A.) 

BLS defines unit labor costs as the ratio of hourly compensation to labor productivity; increases in 

hourly compensation tend to increase unit labor costs and increases in output per hour tend to reduce 

them.

Manufacturing sector productivity rose 2.7 percent in the second quarter of 2013, as output grew 0.1 

percent and hours worked fell 2.6 percent. Over the last four quarters, manufacturing productivity 

increased 2.2 percent, as output increased 2.1 percent and hours decreased 0.1 percent. Unit labor costs 

in manufacturing increased 1.4 percent in the second quarter of 2013 and decreased 0.4 percent from 

the same quarter a year ago. (See tables A and 3.) 

The concepts, sources, and methods used for the manufacturing output series differ from those used in 

the business and nonfarm business output series; these output measures are not directly comparable. See 

Technical Notes for a more detailed explanation. (See page 5.) 

Revised measures

Productivity, unit labor costs, and hourly compensation were subject to revisions for the full period of 

these series, which begin in 1947 for the business and nonfarm business sectors and in 1987 for the 

manufacturing sectors. Measures of output for the business and nonfarm business sectors and measures

of compensation for all sectors incorporate the revised National Income and Product Accounts (NIPA) 

data released on July 31 by the Bureau of Economic Analysis, U.S. Department of Commerce. Output 

data for manufacturing incorporates revised output indexes constructed by BLS using data from the U.S. 

Department of Commerce. Hours were revised for the business and nonfarm business sectors for 1990 

forward to include revised NIPA data on government enterprises and for 2001 forward to include revised 

NIPA data on the proportion of sector compensation paid to employees of nonprofit institutions. 

Table B presents revised and previous productivity and related measures for the nonfarm business, 

business, and manufacturing sectors for the first quarter of 2013 and table C presents annual data for 

nonfarm business and total manufacturing from 2010 to 2012. All index measures show historical 

revisions because the base year was updated to 2009. A new base generally has little or no effect on 

percent changes. Revised quarterly and annual series for recent years appear in tables 1-5 and annual 

indexes for all years appear in appendix tables 1-5. Full historical annual and quarterly measures can be 

found on the productivity and costs home page http://www.bls.gov/lpc/#data. 

In the first quarter of 2013, nonfarm business productivity declined 1.7 percent—rather than 

increasing 0.5 percent as reported June 5—as a downward revision to output was larger than a 

downward revision to hours. Unit labor costs fell 4.2 percent in the first quarter—about the same as 

previously reported—as the downward revision to productivity was offset by a downward revision to 

hourly compensation. In the manufacturing sector, productivity growth in the first quarter was 3.9 

percent, as output growth was revised up and hours were revised down. Unit labor costs declined 3.2 

percent, rather than decreasing 10.0 percent, reflecting a large upward revision to hourly compensation. 

Annual Average productivity growth for 2012 in the nonfarm business sector was revised to 1.5 

percent from 0.7 percent due to an upward revision to output. (See table C). Unit labor costs increased 

1.2 percent, the same as reported June 5. Revisions to annual average changes in 2011 and 2010 were 

-2- 
small. Upward revisions to productivity—resulting from the NIPA benchmark revision to output—

raised the annual average rate of growth in nonfarm business productivity during the 2000 to 2012 

period from 2.2 percent to 2.4 percent. Growth in unit labor costs was revised down from 1.1 percent 

per year to 0.8 percent per year over the same period. The long-term productivity growth rate over the 

66 years of the series is 2.3 percent, rather than the previously-published rate of 2.2 percent. 

In the manufacturing sector, small downward revisions to annual average productivity growth in 2010, 

2011, and 2012 were due to downward revisions to output. For the period 2000-2012, manufacturing 

productivity grew 2.9 percent per year on average, lower than the previous estimate of 3.0 percent. Unit 

labor costs had smaller increases in 2011 and 2012—and a smaller decline in 2010—than previously 

reported. For the period 2000-2012, unit labor costs growth was 0.2 percent per year, lower than the 

previous estimate of 0.5 percent per year. 

Nonfinancial Corporate Sector Data Not Available

Data for the nonfinancial corporate sector are not available due to corrections to source data from the 

Bureau of Economic Analysis received August 15, as noted at 

http://www.bea.gov/newsreleases/national/gdp/2013/gdp2q13_adv.htm. These corrections could not be 

included in time for this news release. Measures for all other sectors are correct. BLS nonfinancial 

corporate sector data will be published with the next regularly scheduled Productivity and Costs news 

release on September 5, 2013, at 8:30 a.m. 

___________

The revised Productivity and Costs press release for second-quarter 2013 is scheduled to be 

released on Thursday, September 5, 2013 at 8:30 a.m. (EDT).

-3- 
Table A. Preliminary second-quarter 2013 measures: percent change from previous quarter at annual rate (Q to Q) and from same quarter a year 

ago (Y to Y)

Sector

 Nonfarm

 Business Business Manufacturing

 Durable

 Manufacturing

 Nondurable

 Manufacturing

Q to Q Y to Y Q to Q Y to Y Q to Q Y to Y Q to Q Y to Y Q to Q Y to Y

Productivity 0.9 0.0 0.7 0.3 2.7 2.2 4.5 2.9 0.7 1.3

Output 2.6 1.8 2.3 1.9 0.1 2.1 1.5 2.9 -1.5 1.1

Hours 1.7 1.8 1.6 1.5 -2.6 -0.1 -2.9 0.0 -2.1 -0.1

Hourly compensation 2.3 1.6 2.4 1.9 4.2 1.7 4.6 1.8 3.5 1.7

Real hourly compensation 2.3 0.1 2.4 0.4 4.2 0.3 4.6 0.3 3.5 0.2

Unit labor costs 1.4 1.6 1.7 1.6 1.4 -0.4 0.1 -1.1 2.8 0.4

Table B. Revised and previous measures: first quarter 2013 

Sector

 Nonfarm

 Business Business Manufacturing

 Durable

 Manufacturing

 Nondurable

 Manufacturing

Revised Previous Revised Previous Revised Previous Revised Previous Revised Previous

Percent change, annual rate, first quarter 2013 

Productivity -1.7 0.5 0.4 2.0 3.9 3.5 3.8 3.5 4.7 3.9

Output -0.3 2.1 1.4 3.1 5.6 5.3 6.5 6.4 4.5 4.2

Hours 1.5 1.6 1.0 1.1 1.6 1.8 2.6 2.8 -0.2 0.2

Hourly compensation -5.9 -3.8 -5.3 -3.1 0.6 -6.9 0.9 -8.1 -0.4 -4.9

Real hourly compensation -7.3 -5.2 -6.7 -4.6 -0.9 -8.3 -0.6 -9.4 -1.8 -6.4

Unit labor costs -4.2 -4.3 -5.6 -5.0 -3.2 -10.0 -2.8 -11.2 -4.8 -8.5

Table C. Revised and previous annual average measures: 2010-2012 

Sector Nonfarm Business Manufacturing

2012 2011 2010 2012 2011 2010

 Revised Previous Revised Previous Revised Previous Revised Previous Revised Previous Revised Previous

Percent change Percent change

Productivity 1.5 0.7 0.5 0.6 3.3 3.1 1.8 1.9 1.0 1.4 6.3 6.5

Output 3.7 2.9 2.5 2.6 3.2 3.1 4.1 4.2 3.1 3.5 6.3 6.4

Hours 2.2 2.2 2.0 2.0 -0.1 -0.1 2.3 2.3 2.1 2.1 -0.1 -0.1

Hourly

compensation 2.6 1.9 2.5 2.6 2.1 2.1 1.9 3.2 1.3 2.8 2.4 1.2

Real hourly

compensation 0.5 -0.2 -0.7 -0.6 0.4 0.4 -0.2 1.1 -1.8 -0.4 0.7 -0.5

Unit labor costs 1.2 1.2 2.0 2.0 -1.2 -1.0 0.1 1.3 0.4 1.4 -3.7 -5.0

-4- 
TECHNICAL NOTES

Labor Hours: Hours data for the labor productivity and cost measures include hours for all persons 

working in the sector—wage and salary workers, the self-employed and unpaid family workers. The 

primary source of hours and employment data is the BLS Current Employment Statistics (CES) 

program, which provides monthly survey data on the number of jobs held by wage and salary workers in 

nonfarm establishments. The CES also provides average weekly paid hours of production and 

nonsupervisory workers in these establishments. Weekly paid hours are adjusted to hours at work using 

data from the National Compensation Survey (NCS). The BLS Hours at Work survey, conducted for 

this purpose, was used for earlier years. The Office of Productivity and Technology estimates average 

weekly hours at work for nonproduction and supervisory workers using information from the Current 

Population Survey (CPS), the CES, and the NCS. 

Data from the CPS are used for farm labor, nonfarm proprietors, and nonfarm unpaid family 

workers. Estimates of labor input for government enterprises are derived from the CPS, the CES, and 

the National Income and Product Accounts (NIPA) prepared by the Bureau of Economic Analysis 

(BEA) of the Department of Commerce.

The CES measures jobs, counting a person who is employed by two or more establishments at 

each place of employment. In contrast, the CPS features measures of employment that count each person 

only once and classify each person according to his or her primary job; hours worked at all jobs by that 

person accrue to his or her primary job. However, the CPS also collects more detailed information on 

employment and hours worked at primary jobs and all other jobs, separately. The BLS productivity 

measures use the more detailed information on employment and hours to assign all hours worked to the 

correct industrial sector and avoid duplicating hours data from the CES. 

Output: Business sector output is a chain-type, current-weighted index constructed after excluding from 

gross domestic product (GDP) the following outputs: general government, nonprofit institutions, and 

private households (including owner-occupied housing). Corresponding exclusions also are made in 

labor inputs. Business output accounted for about 75 percent of the value of GDP in 2012. Nonfarm 

business, which excludes farming, accounted for about 74 percent of GDP in 2012. 

Annual indexes for manufacturing and its durable and nondurable goods components are 

constructed by deflating current-dollar industry value of production data from the U.S. Bureau of the 

Census with deflators from the BLS. These deflators are based on data from the BLS producer price 

program and other sources. The industry shipments are aggregated using annual weights, and intrasector 

transactions are removed. Quarterly manufacturing output measures are based on the index of industrial 

production prepared monthly by the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System, adjusted to be 

consistent with annual indexes of manufacturing sector output prepared by BLS. Durables include the 

following 3-digit NAICS industries: wood product manufacturing; nonmetallic mineral product 

manufacturing; primary metal manufacturing; fabricated metal product manufacturing; machinery 

manufacturing; computer and electronic product manufacturing; electrical equipment and appliance 

manufacturing; transportation equipment manufacturing; furniture and related product manufacturing; 

and miscellaneous manufacturing. Nondurables include: food manufacturing; beverage and tobacco 

product manufacturing; textile mills; textile product mills; apparel manufacturing; leather and allied 

product manufacturing; paper manufacturing; printing and related support activities; petroleum and coal 

products manufacturing; chemical manufacturing; and plastics and rubber products manufacturing. 

Nonfinancial corporate output is a chain-type, current-weighted index calculated on the basis of 

the costs incurred and the incomes earned from production. The output measure excludes the following 

outputs from GDP: general government; nonprofit institutions; private households; unincorporated 

business; and those corporations classified as offices of bank holding companies, offices of other 

holding companies, or offices in the finance and insurance sector. Nonfinancial corporations accounted 

for about 49 percent of the value of GDP in 2012. 

Productivity: These productivity measures describe the relationship between real output and the labor 

time involved in its production. They show the changes from period to period in the amount of goods 

and services produced per hour. Although these measures relate output to hours at work of all persons 

engaged in a sector, they do not measure the specific contribution of labor, capital, or any other factor of 

production. Rather, they reflect the joint effects of many influences, including changes in technology; 

-5- 
capital investment; level of output; utilization of capacity, energy, and materials; the organization of 

production; managerial skill; and the characteristics and effort of the work force. 

Labor Compensation: The measure includes accrued wages and salaries, supplements, employer 

contributions to employee benefit plans, and taxes. Estimates of labor compensation by major sector, 

required for measures of hourly compensation and unit labor costs, are based primarily on employee 

compensation data from the NIPA, prepared by the BEA. The compensation of employees in general 

government, nonprofit institutions and private households are subtracted from compensation of 

domestic employees to derive employee compensation for the business sector. The labor compensation 

of proprietors cannot be explicitly identified and must be estimated. This is done by assuming that 

proprietors have the same hourly compensation as employees in the same sector. The quarterly labor 

productivity and cost measures do not contain estimates of compensation for unpaid family workers. 

Unit Labor Costs: The measures of unit labor costs in this release describe the relationship between 

compensation per hour and productivity, or real output per hour, and can be used as an indicator of 

inflationary pressure on producers. Increases in hourly compensation increase unit labor costs; labor 

productivity increases offset compensation increases and lower unit labor costs. 

Presentation of the data: The quarterly data in this release are presented in three ways: as percent 

changes from the previous quarter presented at a compound annual rate, as percent changes from the 

corresponding quarter of the previous year, and as index number series where 2009=100. Annual data 

are presented both as index number series and percent changes from the previous year. 

The index numbers and rates of change reported in the productivity and costs news release are 

rounded to one decimal place. All percent changes in this release and on the BLS web site are calculated 

using index numbers to three decimal places. These index numbers are available at the BLS web site, 

www.bls.gov/data/home.htm, or by contacting the BLS Division of Major Sector Productivity. 

(Telephone 202-691-5606 or email DPRWEB@BLS.GOV) 

Information in this release will be made available to sensory-impaired individuals upon request. Voice 

phone: 202-691-5606; Federal Relay Service number: 1-800-877-8339.

-6- 
Table 1. Business sector: Productivity, hourly compensation, unit labor costs, and prices,

seasonally adjusted

 Real

 Output Compen- compen- Unit Implicit

Year per hour Hours sation sation Unit nonlabor price

and of all of all per hour per hour labor payments deflator

quarter persons Output persons (1) (2) costs (3) (4)

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

 Percent change from previous quarter at annual rate(5)

2013 II 0.7 2.3 1.6 2.4 2.4 1.7 -0.9 0.5 

 I 0.4 r 1.4 r 1.0 r -5.3 r -6.7 r -5.6 r 12.4 r 1.8 r

2012 ANNUAL 1.4 r 3.6 r 2.2 2.6 r 0.5 r 1.2 2.6 r 1.8 r

2012 IV -1.9 r 0.2 r 2.1 10.2 7.8 12.2 r -11.5 r 1.2 r

 III 2.1 r 3.6 r 1.4 0.8 r -1.2 r -1.3 r 7.4 r 2.5 r

 II 1.3 r 1.6 r 0.3 1.9 r 0.9 r 0.6 r 3.9 r 2.0 r

 I 1.3 r 4.9 r 3.5 8.8 r 6.3 r 7.4 r -5.4 r 1.6 r

2011 ANNUAL 0.4 r 2.4 2.0 2.4 r -0.7 r 2.0 r 2.3 2.1 r

2011 IV 3.3 r 6.4 r 2.9 r -4.5 r -5.9 r -7.6 r 12.4 r 0.7 r

 III -0.1 r 1.8 r 1.9 2.6 r -0.3 r 2.8 r 3.0 r 2.9 r

 II 1.6 r 4.1 r 2.4 -0.7 r -5.1 r -2.3 r 9.8 r 2.7 r

 I -3.3 r -1.9 r 1.4 6.3 r 1.8 r 10.0 r -8.4 r 1.7 r

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

 Percent change from corresponding quarter of previous year

2013 II 0.3 1.9 1.5 1.9 0.4 1.6 1.4 1.5 

 I 0.5 r 1.7 r 1.2 1.8 r 0.1 r 1.3 r 2.7 r 1.9 r

2012 ANNUAL 1.4 r 3.6 r 2.2 2.6 r 0.5 r 1.2 2.6 r 1.8 r

2012 IV 0.7 r 2.6 r 1.8 5.3 r 3.4 r 4.6 r -1.7 r 1.8 r

 III 2.0 r 4.1 r 2.0 1.6 r -0.1 r -0.4 r 4.4 r 1.7 r

 II 1.4 r 3.6 r 2.2 2.1 r 0.2 r 0.6 r 3.3 r 1.8 r

 I 1.5 r 4.3 r 2.7 1.4 r -1.4 r -0.1 r 4.7 r 2.0 

2011 ANNUAL 0.4 r 2.4 2.0 2.4 r -0.7 r 2.0 r 2.3 2.1 r

2011 IV 0.3 r 2.5 r 2.2 0.8 r -2.4 r 0.5 r 3.9 r 2.0 r

 III -0.1 1.9 1.9 2.5 r -1.2 r 2.5 r 2.3 r 2.4 r

 II 0.6 r 2.5 r 1.9 2.5 r -0.9 r 1.8 r 2.6 2.2 r

 I 0.6 r 2.7 r 2.1 3.8 r 1.7 r 3.2 r 0.1 r 1.9 

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

 Indexes 2009=100

2013 II 105.4 111.1 105.4 108.5 100.3 103.0 111.3 106.5 

 I 105.2 r 110.5 r 105.0 r 107.9 r 99.7 r 102.6 r 111.5 r 106.3 r

2012 ANNUAL 105.1 r 109.4 r 104.1 r 107.2 r 100.1 r 102.0 r 109.6 r 105.2 r

2012 IV 105.1 r 110.1 r 104.7 r 109.4 r 101.4 r 104.1 r 108.3 r 105.8 r

 III 105.6 r 110.0 r 104.2 r 106.7 r 99.5 r 101.1 r 111.7 r 105.5 r

 II 105.0 r 109.1 r 103.8 r 106.5 r 99.9 r 101.4 r 109.7 r 104.9 r

 I 104.7 r 108.6 r 103.7 r 106.0 r 99.6 r 101.3 r 108.6 r 104.4 r

2011 ANNUAL 103.6 r 105.6 r 101.9 r 104.4 r 99.6 r 100.8 r 106.8 r 103.3 r

2011 IV 104.4 r 107.3 r 102.9 r 103.8 r 98.1 r 99.5 r 110.2 r 104.0 r

 III 103.5 r 105.7 r 102.1 r 105.0 r 99.6 r 101.5 r 107.0 r 103.8 r

 II 103.5 r 105.2 r 101.6 r 104.4 r 99.7 r 100.8 r 106.2 r 103.0 r

 I 103.1 r 104.2 r 101.0 r 104.5 r 101.0 r 101.4 r 103.7 r 102.4 r

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

See footnotes following Table 5. August 16, 2013

r=revised Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics

-7- 
Table 2. Nonfarm business sector: Productivity, hourly compensation, unit labor costs, and prices,

seasonally adjusted

 Real

 Output Compen- compen- Unit Implicit

Year per hour Hours sation sation Unit nonlabor price

and of all of all per hour per hour labor payments deflator

quarter persons Output persons (1) (2) costs (3) (4)

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

 Percent change from previous quarter at annual rate(5)

2013 II 0.9 2.6 1.7 2.3 2.3 1.4 0.4 1.0 

 I -1.7 r -0.3 r 1.5 r -5.9 r -7.3 r -4.2 r 7.8 r 0.7 r

2012 ANNUAL 1.5 r 3.7 r 2.2 2.6 r 0.5 r 1.2 2.7 r 1.8 r

2012 IV -1.7 0.7 2.4 9.9 7.5 11.8 -12.0 r 0.8 r

 III 2.5 r 4.1 r 1.6 0.7 r -1.3 r -1.8 r 7.7 r 2.2 r

 II 1.2 r 1.6 r 0.4 1.9 r 0.9 r 0.7 r 4.0 r 2.1 r

 I 1.5 r 5.0 r 3.4 9.0 r 6.5 r 7.4 r -5.5 r 1.6 r

2011 ANNUAL 0.5 r 2.5 r 2.0 2.5 r -0.7 r 2.0 1.4 r 1.7 r

2011 IV 2.9 r 5.9 r 2.9 -4.6 r -5.9 r -7.3 r 13.3 r 1.1 r

 III 0.0 r 1.7 r 1.7 3.0 r 0.0 r 3.0 r 2.3 r 2.7 r

 II 1.9 r 4.7 r 2.8 -1.1 r -5.4 r -2.9 r 10.1 r 2.4 r

 I -3.2 r -2.1 r 1.2 r 6.6 r 2.1 r 10.2 r -10.3 r 0.9 r

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

 Percent change from corresponding quarter of previous year

2013 II 0.0 1.8 1.8 1.6 0.1 1.6 0.6 1.2 

 I 0.0 r 1.5 r 1.5 1.5 r -0.2 r 1.4 r 1.5 1.5 r

2012 ANNUAL 1.5 r 3.7 r 2.2 2.6 r 0.5 r 1.2 2.7 r 1.8 r

2012 IV 0.9 r 2.8 r 1.9 5.3 r 3.3 r 4.4 r -1.8 r 1.7 r

 III 2.0 r 4.1 r 2.1 1.6 r 0.0 -0.4 r 4.6 r 1.8 r

 II 1.4 r 3.5 r 2.1 2.2 r 0.3 r 0.8 r 3.3 r 1.9 r

 I 1.6 r 4.3 r 2.7 1.5 r -1.3 r -0.1 r 4.8 1.9 r

2011 ANNUAL 0.5 r 2.5 r 2.0 2.5 r -0.7 r 2.0 1.4 r 1.7 r

2011 IV 0.4 2.5 2.1 0.9 r -2.4 r 0.5 r 3.4 r 1.8 r

 III 0.2 2.1 r 1.9 2.6 r -1.1 r 2.4 r 1.4 r 2.0 r

 II 0.7 r 2.7 r 1.9 r 2.4 r -0.9 r 1.7 r 1.7 r 1.7 r

 I 0.6 r 2.7 r 2.1 4.0 r 1.8 r 3.3 r -0.9 r 1.5 r

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

 Indexes 2009=100

2013 II 105.1 111.1 105.7 108.4 100.2 103.2 109.1 105.6 

 I 104.9 r 110.4 r 105.2 r 107.8 r 99.6 r 102.8 r 109.0 r 105.4 r

2012 ANNUAL 105.3 r 109.7 r 104.1 r 107.4 r 100.3 r 102.0 r 108.3 r 104.6 r

2012 IV 105.4 r 110.5 r 104.8 r 109.5 r 101.5 r 103.9 r 107.0 r 105.2 r

 III 105.8 r 110.3 r 104.2 r 106.9 r 99.7 r 101.1 r 110.4 r 105.0 r

 II 105.2 r 109.2 r 103.8 r 106.8 r 100.1 r 101.5 r 108.4 r 104.4 r

 I 104.8 r 108.7 r 103.7 r 106.3 r 99.8 r 101.3 r 107.4 r 103.8 r

2011 ANNUAL 103.8 r 105.7 r 101.9 r 104.6 r 99.7 r 100.8 r 105.5 r 102.7 r

2011 IV 104.4 r 107.4 r 102.8 r 104.0 r 98.3 r 99.6 r 108.9 r 103.4 r

 III 103.7 r 105.9 r 102.1 r 105.2 r 99.8 r 101.5 r 105.5 r 103.2 r

 II 103.7 r 105.4 r 101.7 r 104.4 r 99.8 r 100.7 r 105.0 r 102.5 r

 I 103.2 r 104.2 r 101.0 r 104.7 r 101.2 r 101.5 r 102.5 r 101.9 r

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

See footnotes following Table 5. August 16, 2013

r=revised Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics

-8- 
Table 3. Manufacturing sector: Productivity, hourly compensation, and unit labor costs,

seasonally adjusted

 Real

 Output Compen- compenYear per hour Hours sation sation Unit

and of all of all per hour per hour labor

quarter persons Output persons (1) (2) costs

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

 Percent change from previous quarter at annual rate(5)

2013 II 2.7 0.1 -2.6 4.2 4.2 1.4 

 I 3.9 r 5.6 r 1.6 r 0.6 r -0.9 r -3.2 r

2012 ANNUAL 1.8 r 4.1 r 2.3 1.9 r -0.2 r 0.1 r

2012 IV 2.3 r 2.7 0.4 4.1 r 1.9 r 1.8 r

 III -0.3 0.1 0.4 -1.8 r -3.8 r -1.5 r

 II 1.0 2.1 1.1 0.8 r -0.1 r -0.2 r

 I 4.3 8.4 3.9 10.4 r 7.9 r 5.9 r

2011 ANNUAL 1.0 r 3.1 r 2.1 1.3 r -1.8 r 0.4 r

2011 IV 0.2 r 5.2 r 4.9 -4.8 r -6.1 r -5.0 r

 III 5.0 r 4.7 r -0.3 2.2 r -0.7 r -2.7 r

 II -3.5 r -0.7 r 2.9 -2.3 r -6.6 r 1.3 r

 I 0.7 r 3.0 r 2.4 1.2 r -3.0 r 0.6 r

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

 Percent change from corresponding quarter of previous year

2013 II 2.2 2.1 -0.1 1.7 0.3 -0.4 

 I 1.7 r 2.6 r 0.9 0.9 r -0.8 r -0.8 r

2012 ANNUAL 1.8 r 4.1 r 2.3 1.9 r -0.2 r 0.1 r

2012 IV 1.8 3.3 1.4 3.3 r 1.4 r 1.5 r

 III 1.3 3.9 2.6 1.0 r -0.7 r -0.3 r

 II 2.6 r 5.1 r 2.4 2.0 r 0.1 r -0.6 r

 I 1.4 r 4.3 r 2.8 1.2 r -1.6 r -0.2 r

2011 ANNUAL 1.0 r 3.1 r 2.1 1.3 r -1.8 r 0.4 r

2011 IV 0.6 r 3.0 r 2.5 -0.9 r -4.1 r -1.5 r

 III 0.8 r 2.1 r 1.2 1.4 r -2.3 r 0.6 r

 II -0.2 r 2.1 r 2.3 1.3 r -2.0 r 1.4 r

 I 2.6 r 5.1 r 2.4 3.6 r 1.5 r 1.0 r

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 

 Indexes 2009=100

2013 II 111.6 116.4 104.3 107.6 99.4 96.4 

 I 110.8 r 116.4 r 105.0 r 106.5 r 98.4 r 96.1 r

2012 ANNUAL 109.2 r 114.1 r 104.4 r 105.7 r 98.7 r 96.8 r

2012 IV 109.7 r 114.8 r 104.6 r 106.3 r 98.6 r 96.9 r

 III 109.1 r 114.0 r 104.5 r 105.3 r 98.2 r 96.5 r

 II 109.2 r 114.0 r 104.4 r 105.7 r 99.1 r 96.8 r

 I 108.9 r 113.4 r 104.1 r 105.5 r 99.1 r 96.9 r

2011 ANNUAL 107.3 r 109.5 r 102.1 r 103.8 r 98.9 r 96.7 r

2011 IV 107.8 r 111.2 r 103.1 r 102.9 r 97.3 r 95.5 r

 III 107.7 r 109.8 r 101.9 r 104.2 r 98.8 r 96.7 r

 II 106.4 r 108.5 r 102.0 r 103.6 r 99.0 r 97.4 r

 I 107.4 r 108.7 r 101.2 r 104.2 r 100.7 r 97.1 r

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

See footnotes following Table 5. August 16, 2013

r=revised Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics

-9- 
Table 4. Durable manufacturing sector: Productivity, hourly compensation, and unit labor costs,

seasonally adjusted

 Real

 Output Compen- compenYear per hour Hours sation sation Unit

and of all of all per hour per hour labor

quarter persons Output persons (1) (2) costs

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

 Percent change from previous quarter at annual rate(5)

2013 II 4.5 1.5 -2.9 4.6 4.6 0.1 

 I 3.8 r 6.5 r 2.6 r 0.9 r -0.6 r -2.8 r

2012 ANNUAL 4.0 r 7.0 r 2.9 1.5 r -0.5 r -2.3 r

2012 IV 3.2 r 3.8 0.5 4.1 r 1.9 r 0.9 r

 III 0.3 0.0 -0.3 -2.4 r -4.4 r -2.7 r

 II 3.7 5.0 1.3 -0.6 r -1.5 r -4.1 r

 I 8.5 13.0 4.2 11.6 r 9.1 r 2.9 r

2011 ANNUAL 2.4 r 6.3 r 3.8 0.9 r -2.2 r -1.5 r

2011 IV 1.6 r 9.5 r 7.8 -6.3 r -7.6 r -7.8 r

 III 8.1 r 7.5 r -0.6 3.5 r 0.5 r -4.3 r

 II -4.9 r -0.2 r 5.0 -4.2 r -8.4 r 0.8 r

 I 2.0 r 6.9 r 4.9 0.7 r -3.6 r -1.3 r

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

 Percent change from corresponding quarter of previous year

2013 II 2.9 2.9 0.0 1.8 0.3 -1.1 

 I 2.8 r 3.8 1.0 0.5 r -1.2 r -2.2 r

2012 ANNUAL 4.0 r 7.0 r 2.9 1.5 r -0.5 r -2.3 r

2012 IV 3.9 5.3 r 1.4 3.0 r 1.1 r -0.8 r

 III 3.5 6.8 3.2 0.4 r -1.3 r -3.0 r

 II 5.4 r 8.7 r 3.1 1.8 r -0.1 r -3.4 r

 I 3.2 r 7.3 r 4.1 0.9 r -1.9 r -2.2 r

2011 ANNUAL 2.4 r 6.3 r 3.8 0.9 r -2.2 r -1.5 r

2011 IV 1.6 r 5.9 r 4.2 -1.7 r -4.8 r -3.2 r

 III 1.8 r 4.5 r 2.6 1.2 r -2.5 r -0.6 r

 II 0.5 r 5.1 r 4.5 0.1 r -3.2 r -0.5 r

 I 5.7 r 9.9 r 3.9 4.1 r 1.9 r -1.6 r

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

 Indexes 2009=100

2013 II 120.8 128.9 106.7 106.8 98.7 88.5 

 I 119.5 r 128.4 r 107.5 r 105.7 r 97.6 r 88.5 r

2012 ANNUAL 117.3 r 125.1 r 106.7 r 105.0 r 98.1 r 89.5 r

2012 IV 118.3 r 126.4 r 106.8 r 105.4 r 97.8 r 89.1 r

 III 117.4 r 125.2 r 106.7 r 104.3 r 97.3 r 88.9 r

 II 117.3 r 125.2 r 106.7 r 105.0 r 98.4 r 89.5 r

 I 116.3 r 123.7 r 106.4 r 105.1 r 98.8 r 90.4 r

2011 ANNUAL 112.8 r 116.9 r 103.6 r 103.4 r 98.6 r 91.6 r

2011 IV 113.9 r 120.0 r 105.3 r 102.3 r 96.7 r 89.8 r

 III 113.5 r 117.3 r 103.4 r 104.0 r 98.6 r 91.6 r

 II 111.3 r 115.2 r 103.5 r 103.1 r 98.5 r 92.6 r

 I 112.7 r 115.2 r 102.3 r 104.2 r 100.7 r 92.5 r

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

See footnotes following Table 5. August 16, 2013

r=revised Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics

-10- 
Table 5. Nondurable manufacturing sector: Productivity, hourly compensation, and unit labor costs,

seasonally adjusted

 Real

 Output Compen- compenYear per hour Hours sation sation Unit

and of all of all per hour per hour labor

quarter persons Output persons (1) (2) costs

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

 Percent change from previous quarter at annual rate(5)

2013 II 0.7 -1.5 -2.1 3.5 3.5 2.8 

 I 4.7 r 4.5 r -0.2 r -0.4 r -1.8 r -4.8 r

2012 ANNUAL -0.1 1.1 1.3 2.4 r 0.3 r 2.5 r

2012 IV 1.4 1.5 0.2 4.1 r 1.8 r 2.7 r

 III -1.4 0.2 1.6 -0.4 r -2.4 r 1.0 r

 II -1.9 -1.1 0.8 3.6 r 2.6 r 5.5 r

 I 0.0 3.4 3.4 8.1 r 5.6 r 8.1 r

2011 ANNUAL 1.2 r 0.5 -0.6 1.7 r -1.4 r 0.6 r

2011 IV 0.5 0.8 0.3 -2.4 r -3.8 -2.9 r

 III 2.0 2.2 0.2 -0.1 r -2.9 r -2.1 r

 II -0.4 -0.8 -0.4 0.9 r -3.6 r 1.3 r

 I 1.4 r -0.2 r -1.6 1.8 r -2.5 r 0.4 r

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

 Percent change from corresponding quarter of previous year

2013 II 1.3 1.1 -0.1 1.7 0.2 0.4 

 I 0.7 r 1.3 r 0.6 r 1.7 r 0.0 r 1.0 r

2012 ANNUAL -0.1 1.1 1.3 2.4 r 0.3 r 2.5 r

2012 IV -0.5 1.0 1.5 3.8 r 1.8 r 4.3 r

 III -0.7 0.8 1.5 2.1 r 0.4 r 2.8 r

 II 0.2 1.3 1.2 2.2 r 0.3 r 2.0 r

 I 0.6 r 1.4 0.9 1.5 r -1.2 r 1.0 r

2011 ANNUAL 1.2 r 0.5 -0.6 1.7 r -1.4 r 0.6 r

2011 IV 0.9 r 0.5 -0.4 0.0 r -3.2 r -0.8 r

 III 1.3 r 0.2 -1.0 1.5 r -2.2 r 0.3 r

 II 1.1 -0.1 r -1.2 3.0 r -0.4 r 1.8 r

 I 1.4 r 1.4 0.1 2.5 r 0.3 r 1.1 r

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

 Indexes 2009=100

2013 II 105.5 106.0 100.5 108.4 100.2 102.8 

 I 105.3 r 106.4 r 101.0 r 107.5 r 99.3 r 102.1 r

2012 ANNUAL 104.2 r 105.0 r 100.8 r 106.6 r 99.6 r 102.3 r

2012 IV 104.1 r 105.2 r 101.1 r 107.6 r 99.8 r 103.3 r

 III 103.8 r 104.8 r 101.0 r 106.5 r 99.3 r 102.6 r

 II 104.1 r 104.8 r 100.6 r 106.6 r 99.9 r 102.4 r

 I 104.6 r 105.1 r 100.4 r 105.7 r 99.3 r 101.0 r

2011 ANNUAL 104.3 r 103.8 r 99.6 r 104.1 r 99.3 r 99.8 r

2011 IV 104.6 r 104.2 r 99.6 r 103.7 r 98.0 r 99.1 r

 III 104.5 r 104.0 r 99.5 r 104.3 r 98.9 r 99.8 r

 II 103.9 r 103.4 r 99.5 r 104.3 r 99.6 r 100.4 r

 I 104.0 r 103.6 r 99.6 r 104.1 r 100.6 r 100.0 r

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

See footnotes following Table 5. August 16, 2013

r=revised Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics

-11- 
SOURCES: Output data are from the Bureau of Economic Analysis and the Census Bureau of the U.S. 

Department of Commerce; the Bureau of Labor Statistics, U.S. Department of Labor; and the Federal Reserve 

Board. Hours and compensation data are from the Bureau of Labor Statistics and the Bureau of Economic 

Analysis.

RELIABILITY: Productivity and cost measures are regularly revised as more complete information becomes 

available. The measures are first published within 40 days of the close of the reference period; revisions appear 

30 days later, and second revisions after an additional 60 days. In the business sector, the third publication 

(second revision) of a quarterly index of output per hour of all persons has differed from the initial value by 

between –1.7 and 1.5 index points approximately 95 percent of the time. This interval is based on the 

performance of this measure between the fourth quarter of 1995 and the first quarter of 2013. 

Table Footnotes

(1) Wages and salaries of employees plus employers' contributions for social insurance and private benefit 

plans. Except for nonfinancial corporations, where there are no self-employed, data also include an estimate of 

wages, salaries, and supplemental payments for the self-employed. 

(2) The change for recent quarters is based on the Consumer Price Index for all urban consumers 

(CPI-U). The trend from 1978-2012 is based on the Consumer Price Index research series (CPI-U-RS).

(3) Unit nonlabor payments include profits, consumption of fixed capital, taxes on production and imports less 

subsidies, net interest and miscellaneous payments, business current transfer payments, rental income of 

persons, and the current surplus of government enterprises.

(4) Current dollar output divided by the output index. 

(5) Quarterly changes: Percent change compounded at annual rate is calculated using index numbers to three 

decimal places. Indexes published in the news release are rounded to one decimal place for convenience. 

Annual changes: Percent change is calculated using annual indexes to three decimal places.

-12- 
Appendix table 1. 

Business sector: Productivity, hourly compensation, unit labor costs, and prices.

 Real

 Output Compen- compen- Unit Implicit

 per hour Hours sation sation Unit nonlabor price

 of all of all per hour per hour labor payments deflator

 Year persons Output persons (1) (2) costs (3) (4)

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

 Indexes 2009=100

 2012 105.1 r 109.4 r 104.1 r 107.2 r 100.1 r 102.0 r 109.6 r 105.2 r

 2011 103.6 r 105.6 r 101.9 r 104.4 r 99.6 r 100.8 r 106.8 r 103.3 r

 2010 103.3 r 103.1 r 99.9 r 102.0 r 100.3 r 98.8 r 104.4 r 101.1 r

 2009 100.0 r 100.0 r 100.0 r 100.0 r 100.0 r 100.0 r 100.0 r 100.0 r

 2008 96.8 r 104.3 r 107.7 r 99.0 r 98.6 r 102.2 r 96.3 r 99.7 r

 2007 95.8 r 105.3 r 109.9 r 96.4 r 99.7 r 100.6 r 95.5 r 98.5 r

 2006 94.6 r 103.3 r 109.2 r 92.3 r 98.2 r 97.5 r 94.0 r 96.1 r

 2005 93.9 r 100.4 r 106.9 r 88.8 r 97.6 r 94.6 r 91.5 r 93.3 r

 2004 92.0 r 96.7 r 105.2 r 85.7 r 97.3 r 93.2 r 86.7 r 90.5 r

 2003 89.1 r 92.5 r 103.9 r 81.9 r 95.5 r 91.9 r 83.6 r 88.4 r

 2002 85.0 r 88.9 r 104.5 r 78.9 r 94.1 r 92.8 r 81.4 r 88.0 r

 2001 81.5 r 87.3 r 107.1 r 77.2 r 93.5 r 94.7 r 77.3 r 87.4 r

 2000 79.4 r 86.8 r 109.4 r 73.8 r 91.9 r 93.0 r 75.9 r 85.9 r

 1999 76.7 r 83.1 r 108.2 r 68.8 r 88.5 r 89.6 r 76.9 r 84.3 r

 1998 74.0 r 78.5 r 106.1 r 65.9 r 86.6 r 89.0 r 76.5 r 83.8 r

 1997 71.8 r 74.7 r 104.0 r 62.2 r 82.9 r 86.6 r 78.8 r 83.3 r

 1996 70.5 r 70.9 r 100.7 r 60.0 r 81.7 r 85.2 r 78.0 r 82.2 r

 1995 68.4 r 67.8 r 99.1 r 57.6 r 80.5 r 84.2 r 76.3 r 80.9 r

 1994 68.2 r 65.7 r 96.4 r 56.5 r 80.9 r 82.9 r 74.8 r 79.5 r

 1993 67.6 r 62.7 r 92.7 r 56.0 r 81.8 r 82.8 r 71.6 r 78.1 r

 1992 67.5 r 60.9 r 90.2 r 55.1 r 82.6 r 81.6 r 69.0 r 76.3 r

 1991 64.6 r 58.5 r 90.4 r 52.1 r 79.9 r 80.5 r 67.7 r 75.1 r

 1990 63.5 r 58.8 r 92.6 r 49.6 r 79.0 r 78.2 r 65.9 r 73.1 r

 1989 62.1 r 57.9 r 93.1 r 46.6 r 77.9 r 75.0 r 64.7 r 70.7 r

 1988 61.4 r 55.7 r 90.8 r 45.2 r 78.8 r 73.7 r 60.7 r 68.2 r

 1987 60.5 r 53.4 r 88.3 r 43.0 r 77.6 r 71.0 r 59.4 r 66.1 r

 1986 60.2 r 51.6 r 85.8 r 41.4 r 77.3 r 68.8 r 59.4 r 64.9 r

 1985 58.5 r 49.8 r 85.1 r 39.2 r 74.5 r 67.0 r 59.8 r 64.0 r

 1984 57.2 r 47.6 r 83.2 r 37.3 r 73.3 r 65.2 r 58.2 r 62.2 r

 1983 55.7 r 43.7 r 78.6 r 35.7 r 73.1 r 64.1 r 55.4 r 60.5 r

 1982 53.7 r 41.5 r 77.2 r 34.2 r 72.9 r 63.6 r 51.3 r 58.5 r

 1981 54.1 r 42.7 r 79.0 r 31.8 r 72.0 r 58.8 r 50.3 r 55.3 r

 1980 52.9 r 41.5 r 78.5 r 29.1 r 72.1 r 54.9 r 44.6 r 50.6 r

 1979 53.0 r 41.9 r 79.1 r 26.3 r 72.3 r 49.6 r 42.1 r 46.5 r

 1978 52.9 r 40.5 r 76.6 r 23.9 r 72.2 r 45.2 r 39.5 r 42.9 r

 1977 52.3 r 38.1 r 72.8 r 22.1 r 71.3 r 42.2 r 37.1 r 40.1 r

 1976 51.4 r 36.0 r 70.1 r 20.4 r 70.3 r 39.8 r 35.1 r 37.8 r

 1975 49.8 r 33.8 r 67.9 r 18.9 r 68.9 r 38.1 r 33.0 r 35.9 r

 1974 48.1 r 34.1 r 71.0 r 17.1 r 67.9 r 35.6 r 28.8 r 32.7 r

 1973 48.9 r 34.6 r 70.8 r 15.6 r 68.9 r 32.0 r 26.8 r 29.8 r

 1972 47.5 r 32.4 r 68.2 r 14.5 r 67.9 r 30.5 r 25.3 r 28.3 r

 1971 46.0 r 30.4 r 66.2 r 13.6 r 65.9 r 29.7 r 24.2 r 27.4 r

 1970 44.2 r 29.3 r 66.3 r 12.9 r 64.9 r 29.1 r 22.3 r 26.3 r

 1969 43.3 r 29.3 r 67.7 r 12.0 r 63.8 r 27.6 r 21.8 r 25.2 r

 1968 43.1 r 28.5 r 66.0 r 11.2 r 62.9 r 25.9 r 21.5 r 24.1 r

 1967 41.7 r 27.1 r 65.0 r 10.4 r 60.8 r 24.9 r 20.8 r 23.2 r

 1966 40.7 r 26.5 r 65.2 r 9.8 r 59.3 r 24.1 r 20.5 r 22.6 r

 1965 39.1 r 24.8 r 63.5 r 9.2 r 57.1 r 23.5 r 20.0 r 22.0 r

 1964 37.7 r 23.2 r 61.5 r 8.9 r 56.0 r 23.5 r 19.2 r 21.7 r

 1963 36.5 r 21.8 r 59.7 r 8.5 r 54.6 r 23.4 r 18.8 r 21.5 r

 1962 35.2 r 20.9 r 59.3 r 8.3 r 53.5 r 23.5 r 18.4 r 21.3 r

 1961 33.6 r 19.6 r 58.3 r 7.9 r 51.7 r 23.5 r 17.8 r 21.1 r

 1960 32.4 r 19.2 r 59.2 r 7.6 r 50.3 r 23.5 r 17.5 r 21.0 r

 1959 31.9 r 18.8 r 59.1 r 7.3 r 49.1 r 22.9 r 17.7 r 20.7 r

 1958 30.8 r 17.4 r 56.7 r 7.0 r 47.5 r 22.8 r 17.3 r 20.5 r

 1957 29.9 r 17.8 r 59.4 r 6.7 r 46.8 r 22.5 r 17.0 r 20.2 r

 1956 29.0 r 17.4 r 60.2 r 6.3 r 45.4 r 21.8 r 16.4 r 19.5 r

 1955 28.9 r 17.1 r 59.3 r 5.9 r 43.2 r 20.5 r 16.7 r 18.9 r

 1954 27.7 r 15.9 r 57.2 r 5.8 r 42.0 r 20.8 r 15.7 r 18.7 r

 1953 27.1 r 16.0 r 59.2 r 5.6 r 41.0 r 20.6 r 15.8 r 18.6 r

-13- 
Appendix table 1. cont. 

Business sector: Productivity, hourly compensation, unit labor costs, and prices.

 1952 26.1 r 15.3 r 58.4 r 5.3 r 38.8 r 20.1 r 16.1 r 18.4 r

 1951 25.4 r 14.8 r 58.3 r 5.0 r 37.3 r 19.5 r 16.4 r 18.2 r

 1950 24.6 r 13.9 r 56.5 r 4.5 r 36.7 r 18.4 r 14.9 r 16.9 r

 1949 22.8 r 12.7 r 55.7 r 4.2 r 34.7 r 18.6 r 14.2 r 16.7 r

 1948 22.3 r 12.8 r 57.6 r 4.2 r 33.8 r 18.7 r 14.4 r 16.9 r

 1947 21.3 r 12.2 r 57.2 r 3.8 r 33.7 r 18.0 r 13.0 r 15.9 r

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

See footnotes following Table 5. August 16, 2013

r=revised Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics

-14- 
Appendix table 2.

Nonfarm business sector: Productivity, hourly compensation, unit labor costs, and prices.

 Real

 Output Compen- compen- Unit Implicit

 per hour Hours sation sation Unit nonlabor price

 of all of all per hour per hour labor payments deflator

 Year persons Output persons (1) (2) costs (3) (4)

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

 Indexes 2009=100

 2012 105.3 r 109.7 r 104.1 r 107.4 r 100.3 r 102.0 r 108.3 r 104.6 r

 2011 103.8 r 105.7 r 101.9 r 104.6 r 99.7 r 100.8 r 105.5 r 102.7 r

 2010 103.3 r 103.2 r 99.9 r 102.1 r 100.4 r 98.8 r 104.0 r 101.0 r

 2009 100.0 r 100.0 r 100.0 r 100.0 r 100.0 r 100.0 r 100.0 r 100.0 r

 2008 96.9 r 104.5 r 107.8 r 98.9 r 98.5 r 102.0 r 95.8 r 99.4 r

 2007 96.0 r 105.6 r 110.0 r 96.3 r 99.6 r 100.3 r 95.1 r 98.2 r

 2006 94.6 r 103.4 r 109.3 r 92.3 r 98.2 r 97.5 r 93.9 r 96.0 r

 2005 94.0 r 100.5 r 106.9 r 88.8 r 97.6 r 94.5 r 91.3 r 93.2 r

 2004 92.1 r 96.8 r 105.2 r 85.7 r 97.3 r 93.0 r 86.0 r 90.1 r

 2003 89.3 r 92.7 r 103.8 r 81.9 r 95.6 r 91.8 r 83.4 r 88.3 r

 2002 85.4 r 89.1 r 104.4 r 79.0 r 94.2 r 92.5 r 81.5 r 87.9 r

 2001 81.8 r 87.5 r 107.0 r 77.2 r 93.5 r 94.4 r 77.2 r 87.2 r

 2000 79.7 r 86.9 r 109.1 r 74.0 r 92.1 r 92.9 r 75.9 r 85.8 r

 1999 77.1 r 83.3 r 108.0 r 68.9 r 88.7 r 89.3 r 76.9 r 84.1 r

 1998 74.5 r 78.7 r 105.7 r 66.1 r 86.9 r 88.7 r 76.2 r 83.5 r

 1997 72.3 r 74.8 r 103.4 r 62.5 r 83.3 r 86.4 r 78.2 r 83.0 r

 1996 71.2 r 71.1 r 99.9 r 60.4 r 82.2 r 84.8 r 77.0 r 81.6 r

 1995 69.3 r 68.0 r 98.2 r 58.0 r 81.1 r 83.7 r 76.0 r 80.5 r

 1994 68.8 r 65.7 r 95.5 r 56.9 r 81.4 r 82.6 r 74.1 r 79.1 r

 1993 68.2 r 62.8 r 92.2 r 56.2 r 82.1 r 82.4 r 71.0 r 77.7 r

 1992 68.1 r 60.9 r 89.5 r 55.5 r 83.1 r 81.5 r 68.0 r 75.9 r

 1991 65.3 r 58.6 r 89.7 r 52.3 r 80.4 r 80.2 r 66.9 r 74.7 r

 1990 64.1 r 58.9 r 91.9 r 49.9 r 79.3 r 77.8 r 64.9 r 72.4 r

 1989 62.9 r 58.0 r 92.3 r 46.9 r 78.4 r 74.7 r 63.6 r 70.1 r

 1988 62.3 r 56.0 r 89.8 r 45.6 r 79.5 r 73.2 r 59.8 r 67.6 r

 1987 61.3 r 53.5 r 87.3 r 43.4 r 78.4 r 70.8 r 58.4 r 65.6 r

 1986 61.0 r 51.7 r 84.8 r 41.8 r 78.0 r 68.6 r 58.5 r 64.4 r

 1985 59.2 r 49.8 r 84.1 r 39.5 r 75.1 r 66.8 r 58.8 r 63.4 r

 1984 58.2 r 47.7 r 82.0 r 37.7 r 74.1 r 64.7 r 56.8 r 61.4 r

 1983 57.0 r 44.1 r 77.3 r 36.1 r 74.0 r 63.4 r 54.6 r 59.7 r

 1982 54.6 r 41.4 r 75.8 r 34.6 r 73.7 r 63.3 r 50.2 r 57.8 r

 1981 55.2 r 42.7 r 77.5 r 32.2 r 72.9 r 58.4 r 48.8 r 54.4 r

 1980 54.3 r 41.8 r 76.9 r 29.4 r 72.8 r 54.1 r 43.5 r 49.7 r

 1979 54.3 r 42.1 r 77.6 r 26.5 r 73.1 r 48.8 r 40.5 r 45.4 r

 1978 54.5 r 40.8 r 74.9 r 24.2 r 73.1 r 44.5 r 38.2 r 41.8 r

 1977 53.7 r 38.2 r 71.2 r 22.3 r 72.0 r 41.5 r 36.1 r 39.2 r

 1976 52.9 r 36.2 r 68.5 r 20.6 r 70.9 r 39.0 r 34.0 r 36.9 r

 1975 51.1 r 33.8 r 66.1 r 19.1 r 69.6 r 37.4 r 31.6 r 35.0 r

 1974 49.7 r 34.4 r 69.1 r 17.3 r 68.7 r 34.8 r 27.2 r 31.6 r

 1973 50.6 r 34.9 r 69.0 r 15.8 r 69.7 r 31.3 r 25.0 r 28.7 r

 1972 49.1 r 32.5 r 66.3 r 14.7 r 68.8 r 29.9 r 24.5 r 27.7 r

 1971 47.5 r 30.5 r 64.2 r 13.8 r 66.7 r 29.1 r 23.7 r 26.8 r

 1970 45.7 r 29.4 r 64.3 r 13.0 r 65.6 r 28.5 r 21.9 r 25.7 r

 1969 45.0 r 29.4 r 65.4 r 12.2 r 64.8 r 27.0 r 21.3 r 24.6 r

 1968 44.9 r 28.5 r 63.5 r 11.4 r 64.0 r 25.3 r 21.1 r 23.6 r

 1967 43.4 r 27.1 r 62.4 r 10.6 r 62.0 r 24.4 r 20.4 r 22.7 r

 1966 42.6 r 26.6 r 62.4 r 10.0 r 60.4 r 23.5 r 20.0 r 22.0 r

 1965 41.1 r 24.8 r 60.4 r 9.4 r 58.7 r 23.0 r 19.5 r 21.5 r

 1964 39.9 r 23.2 r 58.1 r 9.1 r 57.7 r 22.9 r 18.9 r 21.2 r

 1963 38.7 r 21.7 r 56.0 r 8.9 r 56.7 r 22.9 r 18.3 r 21.0 r

 1962 37.4 r 20.8 r 55.4 r 8.6 r 55.5 r 22.9 r 17.9 r 20.8 r

 1961 35.8 r 19.4 r 54.2 r 8.2 r 53.9 r 23.0 r 17.3 r 20.6 r

 1960 34.7 r 19.0 r 54.8 r 8.0 r 52.7 r 23.0 r 17.0 r 20.5 r

 1959 34.3 r 18.7 r 54.5 r 7.6 r 51.4 r 22.3 r 17.3 r 20.2 r

 1958 33.1 r 17.3 r 52.1 r 7.4 r 49.8 r 22.2 r 16.7 r 19.9 r

 1957 32.4 r 17.6 r 54.4 r 7.1 r 49.3 r 21.9 r 16.5 r 19.6 r

 1956 31.5 r 17.2 r 54.7 r 6.7 r 48.1 r 21.2 r 16.0 r 19.0 r

 1955 31.7 r 16.9 r 53.4 r 6.3 r 46.0 r 19.9 r 16.3 r 18.4 r

 1954 30.4 r 15.6 r 51.3 r 6.1 r 44.3 r 20.0 r 15.3 r 18.1 r

 1953 29.8 r 15.8 r 53.1 r 5.9 r 43.2 r 19.8 r 15.3 r 17.9 r

-15- 
Appendix table 2. cont.

Nonfarm business sector: Productivity, hourly compensation, unit labor costs, and prices.

 1952 29.1 r 15.1 r 51.8 r 5.6 r 41.2 r 19.2 r 15.3 r 17.6 r

 1951 28.6 r 14.6 r 51.2 r 5.3 r 39.8 r 18.5 r 15.4 r 17.2 r

 1950 27.9 r 13.6 r 48.9 r 4.9 r 39.5 r 17.5 r 14.3 r 16.1 r

 1949 26.1 r 12.4 r 47.4 r 4.6 r 37.8 r 17.6 r 13.7 r 16.0 r

 1948 25.3 r 12.5 r 49.3 r 4.5 r 36.3 r 17.6 r 13.3 r 15.8 r

 1947 24.7 r 12.0 r 48.5 r 4.1 r 36.1 r 16.6 r 12.3 r 14.8 r

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

See footnotes following Table 5. August 16, 2013

r=revised Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics

-16- 
Appendix table 3.

Manufacturing sector: Productivity, hourly compensation, and unit labor costs.

 Real

 Output Compen- compen- 

 per hour Hours sation sation Unit

of all of all per hour per hour labor

 Year persons Output persons (1) (2) costs

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

 Indexes 2009=100

 2012 109.2 r 114.1 r 104.4 r 105.7 r 98.7 r 96.8 r

 2011 107.3 r 109.5 r 102.1 r 103.8 r 98.9 r 96.7 r

 2010 106.3 r 106.3 r 99.9 r 102.4 r 100.7 r 96.3 r

 2009 100.0 r 100.0 r 100.0 r 100.0 r 100.0 r 100.0 r

 2008 99.9 r 114.8 r 114.9 r 96.7 r 96.3 r 96.7 r

 2007 100.5 r 120.3 r 119.7 r 94.1 r 97.4 r 93.6 r

 2006 96.8 r 117.8 r 121.7 r 90.6 r 96.3 r 93.6 r

 2005 95.9 r 115.9 r 120.8 r 88.4 r 97.1 r 92.1 r

 2004 91.5 r 111.9 r 122.2 r 85.2 r 96.7 r 93.1 r

 2003 89.5 r 109.9 r 122.9 r 82.2 r 95.8 r 91.8 r

 2002 84.2 r 108.8 r 129.2 r 78.0 r 93.0 r 92.6 r

 2001 78.6 r 109.2 r 139.0 r 75.5 r 91.5 r 96.1 r

 2000 77.1 r 114.7 r 148.7 r 73.3 r 91.3 r 95.0 r

 1999 73.9 r 111.3 r 150.6 r 68.2 r 87.7 r 92.2 r

 1998 70.5 r 106.9 r 151.7 r 65.2 r 85.7 r 92.5 r

 1997 66.8 r 101.6 r 152.0 r 62.1 r 82.8 r 93.0 r

 1996 63.4 r 94.7 r 149.4 r 60.0 r 81.7 r 94.8 r

 1995 61.2 r 91.5 r 149.7 r 58.3 r 81.5 r 95.3 r

 1994 58.5 r 87.0 r 148.7 r 57.2 r 81.9 r 97.8 r

 1993 56.5 r 82.1 r 145.3 r 56.3 r 82.3 r 99.7 r

 1992 55.1 r 79.0 r 143.3 r 55.6 r 83.3 r 100.9 r

 1991 53.1 r 76.5 r 144.1 r 52.8 r 81.2 r 99.6 r

 1990 51.7 r 77.8 r 150.4 r 50.1 r 79.7 r 96.8 r

 1989 50.6 r 78.1 r 154.3 r 47.7 r 79.7 r 94.3 r

 1988 50.1 r 76.8 r 153.3 r 46.2 r 80.4 r 92.1 r

 1987 49.1 r 73.1 r 148.8 r 44.4 r 80.3 r 90.5 r

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

See footnotes following Table 5. August 16, 2013

r=revised Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics

-17- 
Appendix table 4.

Durable manufacturing sector: Productivity, hourly compensation, and unit labor costs.

 Real

 Output Compen- compen- 

 per hour Hours sation sation Unit

of all of all per hour per hour labor

 Year persons Output persons (1) (2) costs

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

 Indexes 2009=100

 2012 117.3 r 125.1 r 106.7 r 105.0 r 98.1 r 89.5 r

 2011 112.8 r 116.9 r 103.6 r 103.4 r 98.6 r 91.6 r

 2010 110.2 r 110.0 r 99.8 r 102.5 r 100.8 r 93.0 r

 2009 100.0 r 100.0 r 100.0 r 100.0 r 100.0 r 100.0 r

 2008 106.1 r 125.5 r 118.2 r 96.1 r 95.8 r 90.6 r

 2007 107.9 r 133.2 r 123.4 r 93.9 r 97.2 r 87.0 r

 2006 102.5 r 129.1 r 125.9 r 90.3 r 96.0 r 88.1 r

 2005 100.3 r 125.0 r 124.6 r 87.6 r 96.2 r 87.3 r

 2004 95.3 r 118.9 r 124.8 r 84.8 r 96.3 r 89.0 r

 2003 93.6 r 116.2 r 124.1 r 81.7 r 95.3 r 87.3 r

 2002 87.3 r 114.4 r 131.1 r 77.7 r 92.7 r 89.0 r

 2001 81.0 r 115.6 r 142.7 r 75.3 r 91.2 r 92.9 r

 2000 80.2 r 123.4 r 153.9 r 73.6 r 91.7 r 91.8 r

 1999 76.2 r 117.9 r 154.8 r 68.3 r 87.9 r 89.7 r

 1998 70.7 r 110.0 r 155.5 r 65.1 r 85.5 r 92.0 r

 1997 65.6 r 101.4 r 154.6 r 62.2 r 82.8 r 94.8 r

 1996 61.3 r 92.2 r 150.3 r 60.4 r 82.2 r 98.5 r

 1995 58.3 r 86.8 r 148.9 r 58.9 r 82.4 r 101.1 r

 1994 54.8 r 80.4 r 146.7 r 58.0 r 83.1 r 105.9 r

 1993 52.2 r 74.2 r 142.0 r 57.4 r 83.9 r 109.9 r

 1992 50.2 r 70.4 r 140.0 r 56.7 r 85.0 r 112.9 r

 1991 47.5 r 67.6 r 142.1 r 53.7 r 82.5 r 112.9 r

 1990 46.7 r 70.2 r 150.4 r 50.8 r 80.8 r 108.8 r

 1989 45.8 r 71.2 r 155.4 r 48.6 r 81.1 r 106.0 r

 1988 45.4 r 70.4 r 154.9 r 47.0 r 81.9 r 103.5 r

 1987 44.5 r 66.3 r 149.1 r 45.6 r 82.3 r 102.5 r

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

See footnotes following Table 5. August 16, 2013

r=revised Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics

-18- 
Appendix table 5.

Nondurable manufacturing sector: Productivity, hourly compensation, and unit labor costs.

 Real

 Output Compen- compen- 

 per hour Hours sation sation Unit

of all of all per hour per hour labor

 Year persons Output persons (1) (2) costs

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

 Indexes 2009=100

 2012 104.2 r 105.0 r 100.8 r 106.6 r 99.6 r 102.3 r

 2011 104.3 r 103.8 r 99.6 r 104.1 r 99.3 r 99.8 r

 2010 103.1 r 103.3 r 100.2 r 102.3 r 100.7 r 99.3 r

 2009 100.0 r 100.0 r 100.0 r 100.0 r 100.0 r 100.0 r

 2008 97.6 r 106.9 r 109.5 r 97.1 r 96.7 r 99.5 r

 2007 97.6 r 110.8 r 113.6 r 93.8 r 97.0 r 96.1 r

 2006 95.5 r 109.7 r 114.9 r 90.4 r 96.2 r 94.7 r

 2005 95.7 r 109.8 r 114.7 r 89.4 r 98.2 r 93.4 r

 2004 91.3 r 107.7 r 118.0 r 85.6 r 97.2 r 93.8 r

 2003 88.1 r 106.5 r 120.9 r 82.8 r 96.6 r 94.0 r

 2002 84.0 r 106.0 r 126.1 r 78.2 r 93.3 r 93.1 r

 2001 79.4 r 105.5 r 132.9 r 75.6 r 91.6 r 95.2 r

 2000 77.5 r 108.9 r 140.5 r 72.1 r 89.8 r 93.0 r

 1999 74.9 r 107.9 r 144.0 r 67.4 r 86.8 r 90.0 r

 1998 74.0 r 107.8 r 145.5 r 65.0 r 85.4 r 87.8 r

 1997 72.2 r 106.8 r 147.9 r 61.8 r 82.4 r 85.6 r

 1996 69.4 r 102.5 r 147.9 r 59.3 r 80.7 r 85.5 r

 1995 68.0 r 102.5 r 150.8 r 57.2 r 80.0 r 84.2 r

 1994 66.3 r 100.6 r 151.8 r 55.9 r 80.0 r 84.4 r

 1993 64.8 r 97.4 r 150.4 r 54.8 r 80.1 r 84.6 r

 1992 64.0 r 95.2 r 148.7 r 53.9 r 80.7 r 84.2 r

 1991 62.9 r 92.7 r 147.3 r 51.5 r 79.1 r 81.9 r

 1990 61.4 r 92.4 r 150.4 r 48.8 r 77.7 r 79.5 r

 1989 60.2 r 91.8 r 152.4 r 46.1 r 77.0 r 76.6 r

 1988 59.7 r 90.0 r 150.7 r 44.4 r 77.4 r 74.4 r

 1987 58.5 r 86.8 r 148.2 r 42.3 r 76.5 r 72.4 r

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

See footnotes following Table 5. August 16, 2013

r=revised Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics

-19-