For release 10:00 a.m. (EDT) Friday, April 13, 2018 USDL-18-0545

Technical information: (202) 691-5870 • JoltsInfo@bls.gov • www.bls.gov/jlt

Media contact: (202) 691-5902 • PressOffice@bls.gov

JOB OPENINGS AND LABOR TURNOVER – FEBRUARY 2018

The number of job openings was little changed at 6.1 million on the last business day of February, the

U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today. Over the month, hires and separations were little 

changed at 5.5 million and 5.2 million, respectively. Within separations, the quits rate was unchanged at 

2.2 percent and the layoffs and discharges rate was little changed at 1.1 percent. This release includes 

estimates of the number and rate of job openings, hires, and separations for the nonfarm sector by 

industry and by four geographic regions.

Job Openings

On the last business day of February, there were 6.1 million job openings, little changed from January. 

The job openings rate was 3.9 percent in February. The number of job openings edged down for total 

private and was little changed for government. Job openings increased in finance and insurance

(+69,000) and state and local government education (+31,000). Job openings decreased in a number of 

industries with the largest decreases being in accommodation and food services (-91,000), construction

(-56,000), and wholesale trade (-38,000). The number of job openings decreased in the West region. 

(See table 1.)

Hires

The number of hires was little changed at 5.5 million in February. The hires rate was 3.7 percent. The 

number of hires was little changed for total private and for government. Hires decreased in educational 

services (-48,000). The number of hires was little changed in all four regions. (See table 2.)
- 2 -

Separations

Total separations includes quits, layoffs and discharges, and other separations. Total separations is 

referred to as turnover. Quits are generally voluntary separations initiated by the employee. Therefore, 

the quits rate can serve as a measure of workers’ willingness or ability to leave jobs. Layoffs and 

discharges are involuntary separations initiated by the employer. Other separations includes separations 

due to retirement, death, disability, and transfers to other locations of the same firm.

The number of total separations was little changed at 5.2 million in February. The total separations rate 

was 3.5 percent. The number of total separations was little changed for total private and for government. 

Total separations increased in federal government (+9,000) but decreased in state and local government 

education (-17,000). The number of total separations was little changed in all four regions. (See table 3.)

The number of quits was little changed at 3.2 million in February. The quits rate was 2.2 percent. The 

number of quits was little changed for total private and for government. Quits decreased in other 

services (-41,000). The number of quits was little changed in all four regions. (See table 4.)

There were 1.6 million layoffs and discharges in February, little changed from January. The layoffs and 

discharges rate was 1.1 percent in February. The number of layoffs and discharges was little changed for

total private and unchanged for government. Layoffs and discharges decreased in state and local 

government education (-13,000). The number of layoffs and discharges decreased in the Northeast

region. (See table 5.)

The number of other separations was little changed in February at 334,000. The number of other 

separations was little changed for total private and for government. Other separations increased in 

federal government (+7,000) but decreased in nondurable goods manufacturing (-6,000). The number of 

other separations was little changed in all four regions. (See table 6.)

Net Change in Employment

Large numbers of hires and separations occur every month throughout the business cycle. Net 

employment change results from the relationship between hires and separations. When the number of 

hires exceeds the number of separations, employment rises, even if the hires level is steady or declining. 

Conversely, when the number of hires is less than the number of separations, employment declines, even 

if the hires level is steady or rising. Over the 12 months ending in February, hires totaled 65.6 million 

and separations totaled 63.3 million, yielding a net employment gain of 2.3 million. These totals 

include workers who may have been hired and separated more than once during the year.

The Job Openings and Labor Turnover Survey results for March 2018 are scheduled to be 

released on Tuesday, May 8, 2018 at 10:00 a.m. (EDT).
Table A. Job openings, hires, and total separations by industry, seasonally adjusted

Category

Job openings Hires Total separations

Feb.

2017

Jan.

2018

Feb.

2018p

Feb.

2017

Jan.

2018

Feb.

2018p

Feb.

2017

Jan.

2018

Feb.

2018p

LEVELS BY INDUSTRY

(in thousands)

Total................................................... 5,618 6,228 6,052 5,264 5,574 5,507 5,031 5,319 5,192

Total private....................................... 5,118 5,675 5,476 4,917 5,236 5,161 4,673 4,989 4,857

Mining and logging1............................ 16 27 22 37 32 36 32 31 30

Construction1................................... 169 252 196 367 353 362 333 337 312

Manufacturing.................................. 352 424 426 297 360 380 283 343 352

Durable goods1.............................. 200 273 269 153 212 215 157 195 190

Nondurable goods1

.......................... 152 152 158 144 149 165 126 148 161

Trade, transportation, and utilities........... 929 1,217 1,148 1,087 1,089 1,079 1,047 1,061 1,015

Wholesale trade1............................ 174 224 186 138 151 140 134 149 140

Retail trade................................... 581 709 708 744 728 725 730 714 672

Transportation, warehousing, and

utilities1

..................................... 174 283 254 205 210 214 183 198 203

Information1

..................................... 79 112 114 79 79 81 80 93 90

Financial activities.............................. 362 355 399 191 223 222 186 212 200

Finance and insurance..................... 296 265 334 125 152 149 128 147 152

Real estate and rental and leasing1. . . . .. 66 90 64 66 71 73 58 65 48

Professional and business services......... 917 1,028 985 1,027 1,160 1,154 1,010 1,074 1,100

Education and health services............... 1,228 1,175 1,173 630 709 650 556 656 635

Educational services1

....................... 120 106 72 86 119 71 64 89 83

Health care and social assistance. . . . . . .. 1,108 1,069 1,101 544 591 579 492 566 552

Leisure and hospitality........................ 807 878 792 998 1,027 1,031 965 988 977

Arts, entertainment, and recreation. . . . . .. 102 77 83 162 164 161 145 157 132

Accommodation and food services. . . . . .. 705 801 710 836 863 870 821 831 845

Other services1................................. 259 206 222 203 204 168 181 195 146

Government....................................... 500 553 575 347 339 345 358 330 335

Federal1

......................................... 80 88 54 37 38 36 42 32 41

State and local................................. 420 465 521 309 301 309 316 298 293

State and local education.................. 139 165 196 153 147 152 168 156 139

State and local, excluding education1

. . .. 281 300 325 157 154 157 148 141 154

RATES BY INDUSTRY

(percent)

Total................................................... 3.7 4.0 3.9 3.6 3.8 3.7 3.4 3.6 3.5

Total private....................................... 4.0 4.3 4.2 4.0 4.2 4.1 3.8 4.0 3.9

Mining and logging1

............................ 2.4 3.7 3.0 5.7 4.5 5.0 4.9 4.4 4.2

Construction1

................................... 2.4 3.4 2.7 5.3 5.0 5.0 4.8 4.7 4.4

Manufacturing.................................. 2.8 3.3 3.3 2.4 2.9 3.0 2.3 2.7 2.8

Durable goods1

.............................. 2.5 3.4 3.3 2.0 2.7 2.7 2.0 2.5 2.4

Nondurable goods1.......................... 3.1 3.1 3.2 3.1 3.1 3.5 2.7 3.1 3.4

Trade, transportation, and utilities........... 3.3 4.2 4.0 4.0 3.9 3.9 3.8 3.8 3.7

Wholesale trade1

............................ 2.9 3.6 3.0 2.3 2.5 2.4 2.3 2.5 2.4

Retail trade................................... 3.5 4.3 4.3 4.7 4.6 4.5 4.6 4.5 4.2

Transportation, warehousing, and

utilities1

..................................... 3.0 4.7 4.2 3.6 3.6 3.7 3.2 3.4 3.5

Information1

..................................... 2.7 3.9 4.0 2.8 2.9 2.9 2.9 3.4 3.3

Financial activities.............................. 4.1 4.0 4.5 2.3 2.6 2.6 2.2 2.5 2.3

Finance and insurance..................... 4.5 4.0 5.0 2.0 2.4 2.4 2.1 2.3 2.4

Real estate and rental and leasing1. . . . .. 3.0 3.9 2.8 3.0 3.2 3.3 2.7 2.9 2.2

Professional and business services......... 4.3 4.7 4.5 5.1 5.6 5.6 5.0 5.2 5.3

Education and health services............... 5.1 4.8 4.8 2.7 3.0 2.8 2.4 2.8 2.7

Educational services1

....................... 3.2 2.8 1.9 2.3 3.2 1.9 1.7 2.4 2.2

Health care and social assistance. . . . . . .. 5.4 5.1 5.3 2.8 3.0 2.9 2.5 2.9 2.8

Leisure and hospitality........................ 4.8 5.1 4.6 6.3 6.3 6.3 6.1 6.1 6.0

Arts, entertainment, and recreation. . . . . .. 4.2 3.2 3.4 7.0 7.0 6.8 6.3 6.7 5.6

Accommodation and food services. . . . . .. 4.9 5.5 4.9 6.1 6.2 6.3 6.0 6.0 6.1

Other services1

................................. 4.3 3.4 3.7 3.5 3.5 2.9 3.1 3.3 2.5

See footnotes at end of table.
Table A. Job openings, hires, and total separations by industry, seasonally adjusted — Continued

Category

Job openings Hires Total separations

Feb.

2017

Jan.

2018

Feb.

2018p

Feb.

2017

Jan.

2018

Feb.

2018p

Feb.

2017

Jan.

2018

Feb.

2018p

Government....................................... 2.2 2.4 2.5 1.6 1.5 1.5 1.6 1.5 1.5

Federal1

......................................... 2.8 3.0 1.9 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.5 1.1 1.5

State and local................................. 2.1 2.3 2.6 1.6 1.5 1.6 1.6 1.5 1.5

State and local education.................. 1.3 1.6 1.8 1.5 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.5 1.3

State and local, excluding education1

. . .. 3.0 3.2 3.4 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.6 1.5 1.7

1 No regular seasonal movements could be identified in the job openings series, therefore, the seasonally adjusted and not seasonally adjusted data

are identical.

p Preliminary
Technical Note 

This news release presents statistics from the Job 

Openings and Labor Turnover Survey (JOLTS). The 

Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) collects and compiles 

JOLTS data monthly from a sample of nonfarm 

establishments. A more detailed discussion of JOLTS 

concepts and methodology is available online at 

www.bls.gov/opub/hom/pdf/homch18.pdf. 

Coverage and collection

The JOLTS program covers all private nonfarm establishments, as well as federal, state, and local government 

entities in the 50 states and the District of Columbia. Data 

are collected for total employment, job openings, hires, 

quits, layoffs and discharges, other separations, and total 

separations. 

Concepts

Industry classification. The industry classifications in 

this release are in accordance with the 2017 version of the 

North American Industry Classification System (NAICS). 

Employment. Employment includes persons on the 

payroll who worked or received pay for the pay period 

that includes the 12th day of the reference month. Fulltime, part-time, permanent, short-term, seasonal, salaried, 

and hourly employees are included, as are employees on 

paid vacations or other paid leave. Proprietors or partners 

of unincorporated businesses, unpaid family workers, or 

persons on leave without pay or on strike for the entire 

pay period, are not counted as employed. Employees of 

temporary help agencies, employee leasing companies, 

outside contractors, and consultants are counted by their 

employer of record, not by the establishment where they 

are working. 

Job openings. Job openings information is collected for 

the last business day of the reference month. A job 

opening requires that: 1) a specific position exists and 

there is work available for that position, 2) work could 

start within 30 days whether or not the employer found a 

suitable candidate, and 3) the employer is actively 

recruiting from outside the establishment to fill the 

position. Included are full-time, part-time, permanent, 

short-term, and seasonal openings. Active recruiting 

means that the establishment is taking steps to fill a 

position by advertising in newspapers or on the Internet, 

posting help-wanted signs, accepting applications, or 

using other similar methods. 

Jobs to be filled only by internal transfers, promotions, 

demotions, or recall from layoffs are excluded. Also 

excluded are jobs with start dates more than 30 days in 

the future, jobs for which employees have been hired but 

have not yet reported for work, and jobs to be filled by 

employees of temporary help agencies, employee leasing 

companies, outside contractors, or consultants. The job 

openings rate is computed by dividing the number of job 

openings by the sum of employment and job openings and 

multiplying that quotient by 100. 

Hires. The hires level is the total number of additions to 

the payroll occurring at any time during the reference 

month, including both new and rehired employees, fulltime and part-time, permanent, short-term and seasonal 

employees, employees recalled to the location after a 

layoff lasting more than 7 days, on-call or intermittent 

employees who returned to work after having been 

formally separated, and transfers from other locations. 

The hires count does not include transfers or promotions 

within the reporting site, employees returning from strike, 

employees of temporary help agencies or employee 

leasing companies, outside contractors, or consultants. 

The hires rate is computed by dividing the number of 

hires by employment and multiplying that quotient by 

100.

Separations. The separations level is the total number of 

employment terminations occurring at any time during the 

reference month, and is reported by type of separation—

quits, layoffs and discharges, and other separations. 

(Some respondents are only able to report total 

separations.) The quits count includes voluntary 

separations by employees (except for retirements, which 

are reported as other separations). The layoffs and 

discharges count is comprised of involuntary separations 

initiated by the employer and includes layoffs with no 

intent to rehire; formal layoffs lasting or expected to last 

more than 7 days; discharges resulting from mergers, 

downsizing, or closings; firings or other discharges for 

cause; terminations of permanent or short-term 

employees; and terminations of seasonal employees. The 

other separations count includes retirements, transfers to 

other locations, deaths, and separations due to disability. 

The separations count does not include transfers within 

the same location or employees on strike. The separations 

rate is computed by dividing the number of separations by 

employment and multiplying that quotient by 100. The 

quits, layoffs and discharges, and other separations rates 

are computed similarly. 

Annual estimates. Annual levels for hires, quits, layoffs 

and discharges, other separations, and total separations 

are the sum of the 12 published monthly levels. Annual 

rates are computed by dividing the annual level by the 

Current Employment Statistics (CES) annual average 

employment level, and multiplying that quotient by 100. 

This figure will be approximately equal to the sum of the 

12 monthly rates. Consistent with BLS practice, annual 

estimates are published only for not seasonally adjusted 

data and are released with the January news release each 

year. Annual estimates are not calculated for job openings 

because job openings are a stock, or point-in-time, 

measurement for the last business day of each month. 
Sample and estimation methodology

The JOLTS survey design is a stratified random sample of 

16,000 nonfarm business and government establishments. 

The sample is stratified by ownership, region, industry 

sector, and establishment size class. The establishments 

are drawn from a universe of over 9.1 million 

establishments compiled by the Quarterly Census of 

Employment and Wages (QCEW) program which

includes all employers subject to state unemployment 

insurance laws and federal agencies subject to the 

Unemployment Compensation for Federal Employees

program.

JOLTS total employment estimates are benchmarked, or 

ratio adjusted, monthly to the strike-adjusted employment 

estimates of the CES survey. A ratio of CES to JOLTS 

employment is used to adjust the levels for all other 

JOLTS data elements.

JOLTS business birth/death model

As with any sample survey, the JOLTS sample can only 

be as current as its sampling frame. The time lag from the 

birth of an establishment until its appearance on the 

sampling frame is approximately one year. In addition, 

many of these new units may fail within the first year. 

Since these universe units cannot be reflected on the 

sampling frame immediately, the JOLTS sample cannot 

capture job openings, hires, and separations from these 

units during their early existence. To compensate for the 

inability to capture data from these establishments, BLS 

has developed a birth/death model that uses birth and 

death activity from previous years. The estimates of job 

openings, hires, and separations produced by the 

birth/death model are added to the sample-based estimates 

produced from the survey to arrive at the estimates for 

openings, hires, and separations.

Seasonal adjustment

BLS uses X-13 ARIMA to seasonally adjust several 

JOLTS series utilizing moving averages as seasonal 

filters. A concurrent seasonal adjustment methodology is 

used in which new seasonal adjustment factors are 

calculated each month, using all relevant data, up to and 

including current month data. JOLTS seasonal adjustment 

includes both additive and multiplicative models and 

REGARIMA (regression with auto-correlated errors) 

modeling to improve the seasonal adjustment factors at 

the beginning and end of the series and to detect and 

adjust for outliers in the series.

Alignment procedure

The JOLTS measures for hires minus separations can be 

used to derive a measure of net employment change. This 

change should be comparable to the net employment 

change from the much larger CES survey. However, 

definitional differences as well as sampling and nonsampling errors between the two surveys historically 

caused JOLTS to diverge from CES over time. To limit 

the divergence, and improve the quality of the JOLTS 

hires and separations series, BLS implemented the 

Monthly Alignment Method.

This method applies the CES employment trends to the 

seasonally adjusted JOLTS implied employment trend 

(hires minus separations) forcing them to be 

approximately the same, while preserving the seasonality 

of the JOLTS data. First, the two series are seasonally 

adjusted and the difference between the JOLTS implied 

employment change and the CES net employment change 

is calculated. Next, the JOLTS implied employment 

change is adjusted to equal the CES net employment 

change through a proportional adjustment. This procedure 

adjusts the two components (hires, separations) 

proportionally to their contribution to the total churn 

(hires plus separations). The adjusted hires and 

separations are converted back to not seasonally adjusted 

data by reversing the application of the original seasonal 

factors. After the Monthly Alignment Method has been 

used to adjust the level estimates, rate estimates are 

computed from the adjusted levels. 

Reliability of the estimates

JOLTS estimates are subject to both sampling and 

nonsampling error. When a sample is surveyed rather than 

the entire population, there is a chance that the sample 

estimates may differ from the "true" population values 

they represent. The exact difference, or sampling error, 

varies depending on the particular sample selected, and 

this variability is measured by the standard error of the 

estimate. BLS analysis is generally conducted at the 90-

percent level of confidence. That means that there is a 90-

percent chance, or level of confidence, that an estimate 

based on a sample will differ by no more than 1.6 

standard errors from the "true" population value because 

of sampling error. Sampling error estimates are available

at www.bls.gov/jlt/jolts_median_standard_errors.htm.

The JOLTS estimates also are affected by non-sampling 

error. Nonsampling error can occur for many reasons, 

including the failure to include a segment of the 

population, the inability to obtain data from all units in 

the sample, the inability or unwillingness of respondents 

to provide data on a timely basis, mistakes made by 

respondents, errors made in the collection or processing 

of the data, and errors from the employment benchmark 

data used in estimation.

Other information

Information in this release will be made available to 

sensory impaired individuals upon request. Voice phone: 

(202) 691-5200; Federal Relay Service: (800) 877-8339.
Table 1. Job openings levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted1

Industry and region

Levels (in thousands) Rates2

Feb.

2017

Oct.

2017

Nov.

2017

Dec.

2017

Jan.

2018

Feb.

2018p

Feb.

2017

Oct.

2017

Nov.

2017

Dec.

2017

Jan.

2018

Feb.

2018p

Total............................................... 5,618 6,061 5,933 5,667 6,228 6,052 3.7 4.0 3.9 3.7 4.0 3.9

INDUSTRY

Total private................................... 5,118 5,515 5,427 5,143 5,675 5,476 4.0 4.2 4.2 3.9 4.3 4.2

Mining and logging3

....................... 16 28 19 20 27 22 2.4 3.9 2.7 2.8 3.7 3.0

Construction3............................... 169 233 225 149 252 196 2.4 3.2 3.1 2.1 3.4 2.7

Manufacturing.............................. 352 410 391 374 424 426 2.8 3.2 3.0 2.9 3.3 3.3

Durable goods3

.......................... 200 248 248 239 273 269 2.5 3.1 3.1 3.0 3.4 3.3

Nondurable goods3

...................... 152 162 143 135 152 158 3.1 3.3 2.9 2.8 3.1 3.2

Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . .. 929 1,031 1,187 1,087 1,217 1,148 3.3 3.6 4.1 3.8 4.2 4.0

Wholesale trade3

........................ 174 152 168 188 224 186 2.9 2.5 2.8 3.1 3.6 3.0

Retail trade............................... 581 655 853 707 709 708 3.5 4.0 5.1 4.3 4.3 4.3

Transportation, warehousing, and

utilities3

................................. 174 223 166 192 283 254 3.0 3.7 2.8 3.2 4.7 4.2

Information3................................. 79 96 88 103 112 114 2.7 3.3 3.1 3.6 3.9 4.0

Financial activities......................... 362 365 349 332 355 399 4.1 4.1 3.9 3.8 4.0 4.5

Finance and insurance................. 296 254 271 253 265 334 4.5 3.9 4.1 3.9 4.0 5.0

Real estate and rental and leasing3

... 66 111 77 79 90 64 3.0 4.8 3.4 3.4 3.9 2.8

Professional and business services. . . .. 917 1,084 976 874 1,028 985 4.3 5.0 4.5 4.1 4.7 4.5

Education and health services........... 1,228 1,127 1,095 1,107 1,175 1,173 5.1 4.6 4.5 4.5 4.8 4.8

Educational services3

................... 120 93 100 84 106 72 3.2 2.5 2.6 2.2 2.8 1.9

Health care and social assistance. . .. 1,108 1,034 995 1,023 1,069 1,101 5.4 5.0 4.8 4.9 5.1 5.3

Leisure and hospitality.................... 807 850 865 902 878 792 4.8 5.0 5.1 5.3 5.1 4.6

Arts, entertainment, and recreation. .. 102 82 77 90 77 83 4.2 3.4 3.2 3.7 3.2 3.4

Accommodation and food services. .. 705 768 789 812 801 710 4.9 5.3 5.4 5.5 5.5 4.9

Other services3

............................. 259 292 234 196 206 222 4.3 4.8 3.9 3.3 3.4 3.7

Government................................... 500 546 506 524 553 575 2.2 2.4 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5

Federal3

..................................... 80 89 73 79 88 54 2.8 3.1 2.5 2.7 3.0 1.9

State and local............................. 420 457 432 445 465 521 2.1 2.3 2.2 2.2 2.3 2.6

State and local education.............. 139 156 157 165 165 196 1.3 1.5 1.5 1.6 1.6 1.8

State and local, excluding

education3

............................. 281 301 275 280 300 325 3.0 3.2 2.9 3.0 3.2 3.4

REGION4

Northeast...................................... 1,083 1,018 973 968 1,007 1,011 3.9 3.6 3.5 3.4 3.6 3.6

South........................................... 2,024 2,090 2,138 2,011 2,216 2,215 3.7 3.7 3.8 3.6 3.9 3.9

Midwest........................................ 1,278 1,536 1,474 1,350 1,507 1,474 3.8 4.5 4.3 4.0 4.4 4.3

West............................................ 1,234 1,417 1,348 1,338 1,499 1,351 3.6 4.0 3.8 3.8 4.2 3.8

1

Job openings are the number of job openings on the last business day of the month.

2 The job openings rate is the number of job openings on the last business day of the month as a percent of total employment plus job openings.

3 No regular seasonal movements could be identified in this series; therefore, identical numbers appear for the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted

series.

4 The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New

Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia,

Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest:

Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona,

California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.

p Preliminary
Table 2. Hires levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted1

Industry and region

Levels (in thousands) Rates2

Feb.

2017

Oct.

2017

Nov.

2017

Dec.

2017

Jan.

2018

Feb.

2018p

Feb.

2017

Oct.

2017

Nov.

2017

Dec.

2017

Jan.

2018

Feb.

2018p

Total............................................... 5,264 5,609 5,514 5,524 5,574 5,507 3.6 3.8 3.7 3.7 3.8 3.7

INDUSTRY

Total private................................... 4,917 5,267 5,151 5,173 5,236 5,161 4.0 4.2 4.1 4.1 4.2 4.1

Mining and logging......................... 37 32 34 31 32 36 5.7 4.7 4.8 4.4 4.5 5.0

Construction................................ 367 372 357 321 353 362 5.3 5.3 5.1 4.5 5.0 5.0

Manufacturing.............................. 297 343 344 348 360 380 2.4 2.7 2.7 2.8 2.9 3.0

Durable goods........................... 153 195 197 201 212 215 2.0 2.5 2.5 2.6 2.7 2.7

Nondurable goods....................... 144 148 146 147 149 165 3.1 3.1 3.1 3.1 3.1 3.5

Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . .. 1,087 1,059 1,058 1,076 1,089 1,079 4.0 3.8 3.8 3.9 3.9 3.9

Wholesale trade......................... 138 156 142 148 151 140 2.3 2.6 2.4 2.5 2.5 2.4

Retail trade............................... 744 693 698 698 728 725 4.7 4.4 4.4 4.4 4.6 4.5

Transportation, warehousing, and

utilities.................................. 205 210 218 230 210 214 3.6 3.6 3.8 4.0 3.6 3.7

Information.................................. 79 82 79 83 79 81 2.8 3.0 2.8 3.0 2.9 2.9

Financial activities......................... 191 235 192 187 223 222 2.3 2.8 2.3 2.2 2.6 2.6

Finance and insurance................. 125 158 125 122 152 149 2.0 2.5 2.0 1.9 2.4 2.4

Real estate and rental and leasing. .. 66 77 67 65 71 73 3.0 3.5 3.0 2.9 3.2 3.3

Professional and business services. . . .. 1,027 1,141 1,156 1,218 1,160 1,154 5.1 5.5 5.6 5.9 5.6 5.6

Education and health services........... 630 679 691 666 709 650 2.7 2.9 3.0 2.8 3.0 2.8

Educational services.................... 86 86 107 111 119 71 2.3 2.3 2.9 3.0 3.2 1.9

Health care and social assistance. . .. 544 593 584 556 591 579 2.8 3.0 3.0 2.8 3.0 2.9

Leisure and hospitality.................... 998 1,074 1,038 1,021 1,027 1,031 6.3 6.6 6.4 6.3 6.3 6.3

Arts, entertainment, and recreation. .. 162 180 168 153 164 161 7.0 7.7 7.2 6.5 7.0 6.8

Accommodation and food services. .. 836 894 870 869 863 870 6.1 6.5 6.3 6.3 6.2 6.3

Other services.............................. 203 249 204 222 204 168 3.5 4.3 3.5 3.8 3.5 2.9

Government................................... 347 342 363 351 339 345 1.6 1.5 1.6 1.6 1.5 1.5

Federal...................................... 37 50 39 28 38 36 1.3 1.8 1.4 1.0 1.3 1.3

State and local............................. 309 292 324 322 301 309 1.6 1.5 1.7 1.6 1.5 1.6

State and local education.............. 153 153 162 167 147 152 1.5 1.5 1.6 1.6 1.4 1.5

State and local, excluding

education.............................. 157 139 162 155 154 157 1.7 1.5 1.8 1.7 1.7 1.7

REGION3

Northeast...................................... 886 932 808 790 817 810 3.3 3.4 3.0 2.9 3.0 3.0

South........................................... 2,095 2,283 2,264 2,221 2,266 2,197 3.9 4.2 4.2 4.1 4.2 4.1

Midwest........................................ 1,143 1,153 1,167 1,219 1,203 1,237 3.5 3.5 3.6 3.7 3.7 3.8

West............................................ 1,140 1,242 1,274 1,293 1,288 1,262 3.4 3.7 3.8 3.8 3.8 3.7

1 Hires are the number of hires during the entire month.

2 The hires rate is the number of hires during the entire month as a percent of total employment.

3 The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New

Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia,

Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest:

Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona,

California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.

p Preliminary
Table 3. Total separations levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted1

Industry and region

Levels (in thousands) Rates2

Feb.

2017

Oct.

2017

Nov.

2017

Dec.

2017

Jan.

2018

Feb.

2018p

Feb.

2017

Oct.

2017

Nov.

2017

Dec.

2017

Jan.

2018

Feb.

2018p

Total............................................... 5,031 5,273 5,254 5,314 5,319 5,192 3.4 3.6 3.6 3.6 3.6 3.5

INDUSTRY

Total private................................... 4,673 4,929 4,897 4,959 4,989 4,857 3.8 3.9 3.9 4.0 4.0 3.9

Mining and logging......................... 32 31 29 31 31 30 4.9 4.4 4.2 4.5 4.4 4.2

Construction................................ 333 344 330 291 337 312 4.8 4.9 4.7 4.1 4.7 4.4

Manufacturing.............................. 283 314 325 337 343 352 2.3 2.5 2.6 2.7 2.7 2.8

Durable goods........................... 157 177 177 189 195 190 2.0 2.3 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.4

Nondurable goods....................... 126 137 148 148 148 161 2.7 2.9 3.1 3.1 3.1 3.4

Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . .. 1,047 1,014 1,015 1,050 1,061 1,015 3.8 3.7 3.7 3.8 3.8 3.7

Wholesale trade......................... 134 138 121 143 149 140 2.3 2.3 2.0 2.4 2.5 2.4

Retail trade............................... 730 691 696 686 714 672 4.6 4.4 4.4 4.3 4.5 4.2

Transportation, warehousing, and

utilities.................................. 183 185 198 221 198 203 3.2 3.2 3.4 3.8 3.4 3.5

Information.................................. 80 81 73 88 93 90 2.9 2.9 2.6 3.2 3.4 3.3

Financial activities......................... 186 219 173 172 212 200 2.2 2.6 2.0 2.0 2.5 2.3

Finance and insurance................. 128 152 133 121 147 152 2.1 2.4 2.1 1.9 2.3 2.4

Real estate and rental and leasing. .. 58 67 40 51 65 48 2.7 3.0 1.8 2.3 2.9 2.2

Professional and business services. . . .. 1,010 1,077 1,158 1,180 1,074 1,100 5.0 5.2 5.6 5.7 5.2 5.3

Education and health services........... 556 669 637 626 656 635 2.4 2.9 2.7 2.7 2.8 2.7

Educational services.................... 64 102 85 98 89 83 1.7 2.8 2.3 2.6 2.4 2.2

Health care and social assistance. . .. 492 567 552 529 566 552 2.5 2.9 2.8 2.7 2.9 2.8

Leisure and hospitality.................... 965 968 992 981 988 977 6.1 6.0 6.1 6.0 6.1 6.0

Arts, entertainment, and recreation. .. 145 155 165 142 157 132 6.3 6.6 7.1 6.0 6.7 5.6

Accommodation and food services. .. 821 812 827 839 831 845 6.0 5.9 6.0 6.1 6.0 6.1

Other services.............................. 181 212 166 204 195 146 3.1 3.7 2.8 3.5 3.3 2.5

Government................................... 358 343 357 354 330 335 1.6 1.5 1.6 1.6 1.5 1.5

Federal...................................... 42 43 39 36 32 41 1.5 1.5 1.4 1.3 1.1 1.5

State and local............................. 316 301 318 319 298 293 1.6 1.5 1.6 1.6 1.5 1.5

State and local education.............. 168 158 156 165 156 139 1.6 1.5 1.5 1.6 1.5 1.3

State and local, excluding

education.............................. 148 142 162 153 141 154 1.6 1.6 1.8 1.7 1.5 1.7

REGION3

Northeast...................................... 876 815 830 771 813 739 3.3 3.0 3.1 2.8 3.0 2.7

South........................................... 1,977 2,156 2,169 2,116 2,186 2,154 3.7 4.0 4.0 3.9 4.1 4.0

Midwest........................................ 1,098 1,137 1,096 1,164 1,116 1,080 3.4 3.5 3.4 3.6 3.4 3.3

West............................................ 1,080 1,165 1,159 1,263 1,204 1,219 3.2 3.4 3.4 3.7 3.5 3.6

1 Total separations are the number of total separations during the entire month.

2 The total separations rate is the number of total separations during the entire month as a percent of total employment.

3 The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New

Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia,

Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest:

Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona,

California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.

p Preliminary
Table 4. Quits levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted1

Industry and region

Levels (in thousands) Rates2

Feb.

2017

Oct.

2017

Nov.

2017

Dec.

2017

Jan.

2018

Feb.

2018p

Feb.

2017

Oct.

2017

Nov.

2017

Dec.

2017

Jan.

2018

Feb.

2018p

Total............................................... 3,018 3,224 3,195 3,340 3,191 3,210 2.1 2.2 2.2 2.3 2.2 2.2

INDUSTRY

Total private................................... 2,845 3,059 3,011 3,164 3,023 3,043 2.3 2.4 2.4 2.5 2.4 2.4

Mining and logging......................... 16 19 15 17 19 20 2.5 2.7 2.2 2.5 2.6 2.8

Construction................................ 165 164 148 152 156 151 2.4 2.3 2.1 2.2 2.2 2.1

Manufacturing.............................. 180 195 196 217 214 221 1.5 1.6 1.6 1.7 1.7 1.8

Durable goods........................... 97 109 108 120 117 123 1.3 1.4 1.4 1.5 1.5 1.6

Nondurable goods....................... 83 86 88 97 97 98 1.8 1.8 1.9 2.1 2.0 2.1

Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . .. 666 666 629 682 643 629 2.4 2.4 2.3 2.5 2.3 2.3

Wholesale trade......................... 71 98 84 101 88 85 1.2 1.7 1.4 1.7 1.5 1.4

Retail trade............................... 482 464 432 475 452 428 3.0 2.9 2.7 3.0 2.8 2.7

Transportation, warehousing, and

utilities.................................. 113 104 113 106 102 117 2.0 1.8 2.0 1.8 1.8 2.0

Information.................................. 47 44 46 50 50 51 1.7 1.6 1.6 1.8 1.8 1.8

Financial activities......................... 86 122 115 114 118 117 1.0 1.4 1.4 1.3 1.4 1.4

Finance and insurance................. 56 79 93 83 76 87 0.9 1.3 1.5 1.3 1.2 1.4

Real estate and rental and leasing3... 30 44 22 30 43 31 1.4 2.0 1.0 1.4 1.9 1.4

Professional and business services. . . .. 567 641 712 747 641 666 2.8 3.1 3.5 3.6 3.1 3.2

Education and health services........... 380 453 427 423 400 404 1.7 1.9 1.8 1.8 1.7 1.7

Educational services.................... 43 50 50 52 45 44 1.2 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.2 1.2

Health care and social assistance. . .. 337 403 377 370 355 360 1.7 2.1 1.9 1.9 1.8 1.8

Leisure and hospitality.................... 640 646 652 676 672 715 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.2 4.1 4.4

Arts, entertainment, and recreation. .. 73 63 64 64 79 81 3.2 2.7 2.7 2.7 3.4 3.5

Accommodation and food services. .. 567 583 588 611 593 633 4.2 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.3 4.6

Other services3

............................. 98 109 71 87 111 70 1.7 1.9 1.2 1.5 1.9 1.2

Government................................... 173 166 184 176 168 167 0.8 0.7 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.7

Federal...................................... 18 16 18 13 13 14 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.5

State and local............................. 155 150 166 163 155 153 0.8 0.8 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.8

State and local education.............. 74 80 84 83 80 75 0.7 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.7

State and local, excluding

education.............................. 81 70 82 80 75 78 0.9 0.8 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.9

REGION4

Northeast...................................... 408 444 438 422 431 434 1.5 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6

South........................................... 1,270 1,401 1,337 1,322 1,330 1,379 2.4 2.6 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5

Midwest........................................ 682 670 685 758 687 668 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.3 2.1 2.0

West............................................ 658 709 735 837 743 729 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.5 2.2 2.1

1 Quits are the number of quits during the entire month.

2 The quits rate is the number of quits during the entire month as a percent of total employment.

3 No regular seasonal movements could be identified in this series; therefore, identical numbers appear for the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted

series.

4 The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New

Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia,

Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest:

Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona,

California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.

p Preliminary
Table 5. Layoffs and discharges levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted1

Industry and region

Levels (in thousands) Rates2

Feb.

2017

Oct.

2017

Nov.

2017

Dec.

2017

Jan.

2018

Feb.

2018p

Feb.

2017

Oct.

2017

Nov.

2017

Dec.

2017

Jan.

2018

Feb.

2018p

Total............................................... 1,657 1,712 1,735 1,655 1,784 1,647 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.1 1.2 1.1

INDUSTRY

Total private................................... 1,538 1,595 1,627 1,534 1,677 1,541 1.2 1.3 1.3 1.2 1.3 1.2

Mining and logging3

....................... 12 10 13 13 12 8 1.8 1.5 1.8 1.9 1.7 1.1

Construction................................ 146 160 174 127 173 155 2.1 2.3 2.5 1.8 2.4 2.2

Manufacturing.............................. 78 100 106 101 101 114 0.6 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.9

Durable goods........................... 44 57 54 56 62 56 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.7

Nondurable goods....................... 34 43 52 44 40 58 0.7 0.9 1.1 0.9 0.8 1.2

Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . .. 306 274 310 302 329 315 1.1 1.0 1.1 1.1 1.2 1.1

Wholesale trade3

........................ 50 34 31 30 49 48 0.8 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.8 0.8

Retail trade............................... 199 174 207 171 196 194 1.3 1.1 1.3 1.1 1.2 1.2

Transportation, warehousing, and

utilities.................................. 57 66 72 101 84 74 1.0 1.2 1.2 1.7 1.4 1.3

Information.................................. 26 33 21 29 31 26 0.9 1.2 0.8 1.1 1.1 1.0

Financial activities......................... 71 76 44 42 68 54 0.8 0.9 0.5 0.5 0.8 0.6

Finance and insurance................. 48 54 27 24 47 38 0.8 0.9 0.4 0.4 0.7 0.6

Real estate and rental and leasing. .. 24 22 17 18 21 16 1.1 1.0 0.8 0.8 0.9 0.7

Professional and business services. . . .. 390 376 387 394 405 389 1.9 1.8 1.9 1.9 2.0 1.9

Education and health services........... 146 170 168 149 189 177 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.8 0.8

Educational services.................... 20 45 33 39 39 34 0.5 1.2 0.9 1.0 1.1 0.9

Health care and social assistance. . .. 127 125 136 111 150 143 0.7 0.6 0.7 0.6 0.8 0.7

Leisure and hospitality.................... 288 295 318 273 295 242 1.8 1.8 2.0 1.7 1.8 1.5

Arts, entertainment, and recreation. .. 69 90 96 75 76 48 3.0 3.8 4.1 3.2 3.2 2.0

Accommodation and food services. .. 220 205 221 198 219 194 1.6 1.5 1.6 1.4 1.6 1.4

Other services.............................. 74 99 86 104 75 61 1.3 1.7 1.5 1.8 1.3 1.0

Government................................... 119 117 108 121 106 106 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5

Federal...................................... 14 13 13 12 12 14 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.5

State and local............................. 105 104 95 109 94 93 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.5 0.5

State and local education.............. 64 53 47 58 54 41 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.5 0.4

State and local, excluding

education.............................. 41 51 48 51 41 52 0.5 0.6 0.5 0.6 0.4 0.6

REGION4

Northeast...................................... 400 306 331 287 334 252 1.5 1.1 1.2 1.1 1.2 0.9

South........................................... 574 632 709 678 733 649 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.3 1.4 1.2

Midwest........................................ 347 397 345 336 355 349 1.1 1.2 1.1 1.0 1.1 1.1

West............................................ 337 377 350 353 361 398 1.0 1.1 1.0 1.0 1.1 1.2

1

Layoffs and discharges are the number of layoffs and discharges during the entire month.

2 The layoffs and discharges rate is the number of layoffs and discharges during the entire month as a percent of total employment.

3 No regular seasonal movements could be identified in this series; therefore, identical numbers appear for the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted

series.

4 The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New

Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia,

Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest:

Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona,

California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.

p Preliminary
Table 6. Other separations levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted1

Industry and region

Levels (in thousands) Rates2

Feb.

2017

Oct.

2017

Nov.

2017

Dec.

2017

Jan.

2018

Feb.

2018p

Feb.

2017

Oct.

2017

Nov.

2017

Dec.

2017

Jan.

2018

Feb.

2018p

Total............................................... 356 336 325 318 344 334 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2

INDUSTRY

Total private................................... 290 276 260 261 289 273 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2

Mining and logging......................... 4 2 1 1 1 1 0.6 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2

Construction3

............................... 23 21 8 12 8 6 0.3 0.3 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.1

Manufacturing.............................. 25 19 24 19 28 17 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.1

Durable goods........................... 16 11 15 12 16 11 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.1

Nondurable goods3...................... 9 8 9 7 12 6 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.3 0.1

Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . .. 76 74 77 66 90 71 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.3 0.3

Wholesale trade......................... 14 6 6 13 12 8 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.1

Retail trade............................... 50 53 57 39 66 50 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.2 0.4 0.3

Transportation, warehousing, and

utilities3

................................. 13 15 13 14 12 13 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2

Information3................................. 7 3 6 8 11 14 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5

Financial activities......................... 28 21 14 17 26 29 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.3

Finance and insurance................. 24 19 13 13 24 27 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.4 0.4

Real estate and rental and leasing3... 4 1 1 3 2 2 0.2 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.1

Professional and business services. . . .. 54 59 58 39 29 45 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.1 0.2

Education and health services........... 29 47 41 55 66 54 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.2

Educational services3................... 1 8 2 7 5 4 0.0 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.1

Health care and social assistance3

. .. 28 39 39 48 61 49 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.2

Leisure and hospitality.................... 36 26 22 32 21 21 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.1

Arts, entertainment, and recreation3

... 3 3 5 3 2 3 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1

Accommodation and food services3... 33 24 17 29 19 18 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.1

Other services3............................. 9 4 9 13 9 16 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.3

Government................................... 66 61 65 57 56 61 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.3

Federal...................................... 10 14 8 11 7 14 0.4 0.5 0.3 0.4 0.2 0.5

State and local............................. 55 47 57 47 49 47 0.3 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2

State and local education.............. 30 25 24 25 23 23 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2

State and local, excluding

education.............................. 26 22 33 22 26 24 0.3 0.2 0.4 0.2 0.3 0.3

REGION4

Northeast...................................... 67 64 61 61 48 52 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2

South........................................... 134 123 124 115 123 126 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2

Midwest........................................ 70 70 66 70 74 64 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2

West............................................ 85 79 74 72 100 93 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.3

1 Other separations are the number of other separations during the entire month.

2 The other separations rate is the number of other separations during the entire month as a percent of total employment.

3 No regular seasonal movements could be identified in this series; therefore, identical numbers appear for the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted

series.

4 The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New

Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia,

Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest:

Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona,

California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.

p Preliminary

NOTE: Levels are rounded to the nearest thousand and rates are rounded to the nearest tenth. Levels and rates may round down to zero.
Table 7. Job openings levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted1

Industry and region

Levels (in thousands) Rates2

Feb.

2017

Jan.

2018

Feb.

2018p

Feb.

2017

Jan.

2018

Feb.

2018p

Total..................................................................... 5,440 6,151 5,893 3.6 4.1 3.9

INDUSTRY

Total private.......................................................... 4,958 5,618 5,333 3.9 4.4 4.1

Mining and logging............................................... 16 27 22 2.5 3.8 3.0

Construction....................................................... 169 252 196 2.5 3.6 2.8

Manufacturing..................................................... 352 424 426 2.8 3.3 3.3

Durable goods.................................................. 200 273 269 2.5 3.4 3.3

Nondurable goods............................................. 152 152 158 3.2 3.1 3.2

Trade, transportation, and utilities.............................. 865 1,144 1,082 3.1 4.0 3.8

Wholesale trade................................................ 174 224 186 2.9 3.7 3.1

Retail trade..................................................... 517 636 642 3.2 3.9 3.9

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities.................. 174 283 254 3.0 4.7 4.2

Information........................................................ 79 112 114 2.7 3.9 4.0

Financial activities................................................ 342 361 391 3.9 4.1 4.4

Finance and insurance........................................ 276 271 327 4.2 4.1 4.9

Real estate and rental and leasing.......................... 66 90 64 3.0 4.0 2.9

Professional and business services............................ 856 1,018 916 4.1 4.8 4.3

Education and health services.................................. 1,202 1,270 1,167 4.9 5.2 4.7

Educational services.......................................... 120 106 72 3.1 2.9 1.8

Health care and social assistance........................... 1,082 1,164 1,095 5.3 5.6 5.3

Leisure and hospitality........................................... 818 802 796 5.1 4.9 4.9

Arts, entertainment, and recreation.......................... 95 71 77 4.4 3.3 3.5

Accommodation and food services.......................... 723 731 719 5.2 5.2 5.1

Other services.................................................... 259 206 222 4.3 3.5 3.7

Government.......................................................... 481 533 559 2.1 2.3 2.4

Federal............................................................. 80 88 54 2.8 3.0 1.9

State and local.................................................... 401 446 505 2.0 2.2 2.5

State and local education..................................... 120 146 180 1.1 1.4 1.6

State and local, excluding education........................ 281 300 325 3.0 3.2 3.5

REGION3

Northeast............................................................. 1,040 980 974 3.8 3.5 3.5

South................................................................. 1,967 2,185 2,176 3.6 4.0 3.9

Midwest............................................................... 1,241 1,453 1,454 3.7 4.3 4.3

West.................................................................. 1,191 1,533 1,289 3.5 4.4 3.7

1

Job openings are the number of job openings on the last business day of the month.

2 The job openings rate is the number of job openings on the last business day of the month as a percent of total employment plus job openings.

3 The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New

Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia,

Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest:

Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona,

California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.

p Preliminary
Table 8. Hires levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted1

Industry and region

Levels (in thousands) Rates2

Feb.

2017

Jan.

2018

Feb.

2018p

Feb.

2017

Jan.

2018

Feb.

2018p

Total..................................................................... 4,352 5,355 4,582 3.0 3.7 3.1

INDUSTRY

Total private.......................................................... 4,090 5,058 4,321 3.4 4.1 3.5

Mining and logging............................................... 30 37 30 4.6 5.4 4.3

Construction....................................................... 309 325 306 4.7 4.9 4.5

Manufacturing..................................................... 258 378 336 2.1 3.0 2.7

Durable goods.................................................. 135 231 193 1.8 3.0 2.5

Nondurable goods............................................. 123 146 143 2.7 3.1 3.0

Trade, transportation, and utilities.............................. 862 929 866 3.2 3.4 3.2

Wholesale trade................................................ 122 169 123 2.1 2.9 2.1

Retail trade..................................................... 591 568 586 3.8 3.6 3.7

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities.................. 149 192 158 2.7 3.3 2.7

Information........................................................ 67 92 68 2.4 3.4 2.5

Financial activities................................................ 154 249 189 1.8 2.9 2.2

Finance and insurance........................................ 106 172 134 1.7 2.7 2.1

Real estate and rental and leasing.......................... 48 76 55 2.3 3.5 2.5

Professional and business services............................ 904 1,255 1,022 4.5 6.2 5.0

Education and health services.................................. 526 737 536 2.3 3.2 2.3

Educational services.......................................... 67 113 53 1.8 3.1 1.4

Health care and social assistance........................... 459 625 483 2.4 3.2 2.5

Leisure and hospitality........................................... 803 861 828 5.3 5.6 5.3

Arts, entertainment, and recreation.......................... 106 119 105 5.1 5.7 4.9

Accommodation and food services.......................... 697 742 724 5.3 5.5 5.4

Other services.................................................... 178 195 139 3.1 3.4 2.4

Government.......................................................... 262 298 261 1.2 1.3 1.2

Federal............................................................. 30 35 29 1.1 1.2 1.0

State and local.................................................... 232 263 232 1.2 1.4 1.2

State and local education..................................... 117 141 117 1.1 1.4 1.1

State and local, excluding education........................ 115 122 115 1.3 1.4 1.3

REGION3

Northeast............................................................. 668 736 614 2.5 2.7 2.3

South................................................................. 1,830 2,312 1,928 3.5 4.4 3.6

Midwest............................................................... 905 1,106 993 2.8 3.4 3.1

West.................................................................. 949 1,201 1,047 2.9 3.6 3.1

1 Hires are the number of hires during the entire month.

2 The hires rate is the number of hires during the entire month as a percent of total employment.

3 The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New

Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia,

Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest:

Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona,

California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.

p Preliminary
Table 9. Total separations levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted1

Industry and region

Levels (in thousands) Rates2

Feb.

2017

Jan.

2018

Feb.

2018p

Feb.

2017

Jan.

2018

Feb.

2018p

Total..................................................................... 4,089 5,863 4,216 2.8 4.0 2.9

INDUSTRY

Total private.......................................................... 3,869 5,552 4,009 3.2 4.5 3.2

Mining and logging............................................... 28 31 29 4.4 4.5 4.1

Construction....................................................... 278 370 251 4.3 5.5 3.7

Manufacturing..................................................... 240 339 301 1.9 2.7 2.4

Durable goods.................................................. 135 204 165 1.8 2.6 2.1

Nondurable goods............................................. 105 135 137 2.3 2.9 2.9

Trade, transportation, and utilities.............................. 900 1,457 845 3.3 5.3 3.1

Wholesale trade................................................ 117 163 120 2.0 2.8 2.0

Retail trade..................................................... 646 945 575 4.1 6.0 3.7

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities.................. 137 348 150 2.5 6.0 2.6

Information........................................................ 67 120 78 2.4 4.4 2.8

Financial activities................................................ 148 254 161 1.8 3.0 1.9

Finance and insurance........................................ 97 176 118 1.6 2.8 1.9

Real estate and rental and leasing.......................... 51 78 43 2.4 3.6 2.0

Professional and business services............................ 870 1,176 940 4.4 5.8 4.6

Education and health services.................................. 448 677 513 1.9 2.9 2.2

Educational services.......................................... 38 79 47 1.0 2.2 1.2

Health care and social assistance........................... 410 597 465 2.1 3.0 2.4

Leisure and hospitality........................................... 726 940 761 4.7 6.1 4.9

Arts, entertainment, and recreation.......................... 79 122 75 3.8 5.9 3.6

Accommodation and food services.......................... 647 819 685 4.9 6.1 5.1

Other services.................................................... 164 189 130 2.9 3.3 2.2

Government.......................................................... 220 310 207 1.0 1.4 0.9

Federal............................................................. 34 56 34 1.2 2.0 1.2

State and local.................................................... 186 254 173 0.9 1.3 0.9

State and local education..................................... 81 129 68 0.8 1.2 0.6

State and local, excluding education........................ 104 125 105 1.2 1.4 1.2

REGION3

Northeast............................................................. 666 937 573 2.5 3.5 2.1

South................................................................. 1,643 2,383 1,790 3.1 4.5 3.3

Midwest............................................................... 899 1,243 870 2.8 3.9 2.7

West.................................................................. 882 1,300 983 2.7 3.9 2.9

1 Total separations are the number of total separations during the entire month.

2 The total separations rate is the number of total separations during the entire month as a percent of total employment.

3 The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New

Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia,

Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest:

Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona,

California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.

p Preliminary
Table 10. Quits levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted1

Industry and region

Levels (in thousands) Rates2

Feb.

2017

Jan.

2018

Feb.

2018p

Feb.

2017

Jan.

2018

Feb.

2018p

Total..................................................................... 2,503 3,145 2,668 1.7 2.2 1.8

INDUSTRY

Total private.......................................................... 2,379 2,999 2,551 2.0 2.4 2.1

Mining and logging............................................... 13 18 19 2.1 2.6 2.8

Construction....................................................... 132 137 121 2.0 2.0 1.8

Manufacturing..................................................... 150 197 188 1.2 1.6 1.5

Durable goods.................................................. 80 112 103 1.0 1.4 1.3

Nondurable goods............................................. 70 85 85 1.5 1.8 1.8

Trade, transportation, and utilities.............................. 566 674 517 2.1 2.5 1.9

Wholesale trade................................................ 57 96 66 1.0 1.6 1.1

Retail trade..................................................... 418 483 354 2.7 3.1 2.3

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities.................. 92 94 98 1.6 1.6 1.7

Information........................................................ 42 57 47 1.5 2.1 1.7

Financial activities................................................ 72 119 97 0.9 1.4 1.1

Finance and insurance........................................ 43 76 67 0.7 1.2 1.1

Real estate and rental and leasing.......................... 30 43 31 1.4 2.0 1.4

Professional and business services............................ 485 655 571 2.4 3.2 2.8

Education and health services.................................. 319 411 337 1.4 1.8 1.4

Educational services.......................................... 29 40 29 0.8 1.1 0.7

Health care and social assistance........................... 291 372 308 1.5 1.9 1.6

Leisure and hospitality........................................... 502 621 584 3.3 4.0 3.7

Arts, entertainment, and recreation.......................... 47 66 55 2.3 3.2 2.6

Accommodation and food services.......................... 455 555 530 3.4 4.1 3.9

Other services.................................................... 98 111 70 1.7 1.9 1.2

Government.......................................................... 124 146 117 0.5 0.7 0.5

Federal............................................................. 16 13 13 0.6 0.5 0.5

State and local.................................................... 107 133 104 0.5 0.7 0.5

State and local education..................................... 43 68 42 0.4 0.7 0.4

State and local, excluding education........................ 65 65 62 0.7 0.7 0.7

REGION3

Northeast............................................................. 327 442 360 1.2 1.7 1.3

South................................................................. 1,061 1,313 1,169 2.0 2.5 2.2

Midwest............................................................... 568 648 553 1.8 2.0 1.7

West.................................................................. 547 742 586 1.6 2.2 1.7

1 Quits are the number of quits during the entire month.

2 The quits rate is the number of quits during the entire month as a percent of total employment.

3 The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New

Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia,

Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest:

Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona,

California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.

p Preliminary
Table 11. Layoffs and discharges levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted1

Industry and region

Levels (in thousands) Rates2

Feb.

2017

Jan.

2018

Feb.

2018p

Feb.

2017

Jan.

2018

Feb.

2018p

Total..................................................................... 1,271 2,298 1,254 0.9 1.6 0.9

INDUSTRY

Total private.......................................................... 1,217 2,195 1,204 1.0 1.8 1.0

Mining and logging............................................... 12 12 8 1.9 1.7 1.2

Construction....................................................... 123 225 124 1.9 3.4 1.8

Manufacturing..................................................... 68 108 98 0.6 0.9 0.8

Durable goods.................................................. 42 70 52 0.5 0.9 0.7

Nondurable goods............................................. 26 38 46 0.6 0.8 1.0

Trade, transportation, and utilities.............................. 263 663 262 1.0 2.4 1.0

Wholesale trade................................................ 50 49 48 0.9 0.8 0.8

Retail trade..................................................... 180 372 175 1.2 2.4 1.1

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities.................. 33 242 39 0.6 4.2 0.7

Information........................................................ 19 52 18 0.7 1.9 0.6

Financial activities................................................ 54 97 42 0.6 1.1 0.5

Finance and insurance........................................ 36 64 31 0.6 1.0 0.5

Real estate and rental and leasing.......................... 17 33 11 0.8 1.5 0.5

Professional and business services............................ 334 472 329 1.7 2.3 1.6

Education and health services.................................. 100 199 122 0.4 0.9 0.5

Educational services.......................................... 8 34 14 0.2 1.0 0.4

Health care and social assistance........................... 92 165 108 0.5 0.8 0.5

Leisure and hospitality........................................... 188 298 156 1.2 1.9 1.0

Arts, entertainment, and recreation.......................... 29 54 18 1.4 2.6 0.9

Accommodation and food services.......................... 159 244 138 1.2 1.8 1.0

Other services.................................................... 57 69 45 1.0 1.2 0.8

Government.......................................................... 54 103 50 0.2 0.5 0.2

Federal............................................................. 10 31 10 0.4 1.1 0.4

State and local.................................................... 44 72 40 0.2 0.4 0.2

State and local education..................................... 25 43 15 0.2 0.4 0.1

State and local, excluding education........................ 20 29 24 0.2 0.3 0.3

REGION3

Northeast............................................................. 275 430 167 1.0 1.6 0.6

South................................................................. 463 926 507 0.9 1.7 0.9

Midwest............................................................... 273 493 268 0.9 1.5 0.8

West.................................................................. 260 449 312 0.8 1.3 0.9

1

Layoffs and discharges are the number of layoffs and discharges during the entire month.

2 The layoffs and discharges rate is the number of layoffs and discharges during the entire month as a percent of total employment.

3 The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New

Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia,

Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest:

Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona,

California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.

p Preliminary
Table 12. Other separations levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted1

Industry and region

Levels (in thousands) Rates2

Feb.

2017

Jan.

2018

Feb.

2018p

Feb.

2017

Jan.

2018

Feb.

2018p

Total..................................................................... 315 419 294 0.2 0.3 0.2

INDUSTRY

Total private.......................................................... 273 358 254 0.2 0.3 0.2

Mining and logging............................................... 3 2 1 0.4 0.2 0.2

Construction....................................................... 23 8 6 0.3 0.1 0.1

Manufacturing..................................................... 22 34 15 0.2 0.3 0.1

Durable goods.................................................. 14 22 9 0.2 0.3 0.1

Nondurable goods............................................. 9 12 6 0.2 0.3 0.1

Trade, transportation, and utilities.............................. 71 120 65 0.3 0.4 0.2

Wholesale trade................................................ 11 19 6 0.2 0.3 0.1

Retail trade..................................................... 48 90 46 0.3 0.6 0.3

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities.................. 13 12 13 0.2 0.2 0.2

Information........................................................ 7 11 14 0.2 0.4 0.5

Financial activities................................................ 22 38 23 0.3 0.4 0.3

Finance and insurance........................................ 17 36 21 0.3 0.6 0.3

Real estate and rental and leasing.......................... 4 2 2 0.2 0.1 0.1

Professional and business services............................ 51 50 41 0.3 0.2 0.2

Education and health services.................................. 29 66 54 0.1 0.3 0.2

Educational services.......................................... 1 5 4 0.0 0.1 0.1

Health care and social assistance........................... 28 61 49 0.1 0.3 0.2

Leisure and hospitality........................................... 36 21 21 0.2 0.1 0.1

Arts, entertainment, and recreation.......................... 3 2 3 0.1 0.1 0.1

Accommodation and food services.......................... 33 19 18 0.3 0.1 0.1

Other services.................................................... 9 9 16 0.2 0.2 0.3

Government.......................................................... 42 61 40 0.2 0.3 0.2

Federal............................................................. 8 12 11 0.3 0.4 0.4

State and local.................................................... 34 49 29 0.2 0.3 0.1

State and local education..................................... 14 18 11 0.1 0.2 0.1

State and local, excluding education........................ 20 31 18 0.2 0.3 0.2

REGION3

Northeast............................................................. 64 63 46 0.2 0.2 0.2

South................................................................. 119 144 114 0.2 0.3 0.2

Midwest............................................................... 58 101 49 0.2 0.3 0.2

West.................................................................. 74 110 85 0.2 0.3 0.3

1 Other separations are the number of other separations during the entire month.

2 The other separations rate is the number of other separations during the entire month as a percent of total employment.

3 The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New

Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia,

Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest:

Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona,

California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.

p Preliminary

NOTE: Levels are rounded to the nearest thousand and rates are rounded to the nearest tenth. Levels and rates may round down to zero.