For release 10:00 a.m. (ET) Thursday, January 18, 2024 USDL-24-0068 

Technical information: (202) 691-6378 • cpsinfo@bls.gov • www.bls.gov/cps 

Media contact: (202) 691-5902 • PressOffice@bls.gov 

USUAL WEEKLY EARNINGS OF WAGE AND SALARY WORKERS

FOURTH QUARTER 2023

Median weekly earnings of the nation's 120.8 million full-time wage and salary workers were 

$1,145 in the fourth quarter of 2023 (not seasonally adjusted), the U.S. Bureau of Labor 

Statistics reported today. This was 5.5 percent higher than a year earlier, compared with a gain of 

3.2 percent in the Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers (CPI-U) over the same period. 

Data on usual weekly earnings are collected as part of the Current Population Survey, a 

nationwide sample survey of households in which respondents are asked, among other things, 

how much each wage and salary worker usually earns. (See the Technical Note in this news 

release.) Data shown in this news release are not seasonally adjusted unless otherwise specified. 

Highlights from the fourth-quarter data: 

• Median weekly earnings of full-time workers were $1,145 in the fourth quarter of 2023. 

Women had median weekly earnings of $1,031, or 83.8 percent of the $1,231 median for 

men. (See table 2.) 

• The women's-to-men's earnings ratio varied by race and ethnicity. White women earned 

84.1 percent as much as their male counterparts, compared with 93.9 percent for Black 

women, 78.3 percent for Asian women, and 87.8 percent for Hispanic women. (See table 2.) 

• Among the major race and ethnicity groups, median earnings of Hispanics who worked full 

time ($884) were lower than those of Blacks ($967), Whites ($1,157), and Asians ($1,528).

By sex, median weekly earnings for Black men were $997, or 80.2 percent of the median for 

White men ($1,243). Median earnings for Hispanic men were $923, or 74.3 percent of the 

median for White men. The difference was less among women, as Black women's median 

earnings were $936, or 89.6 percent of those for White women ($1,045), and earnings for 

Hispanic women were $810, or 77.5 percent of those for White women. Earnings of Asian 

men ($1,731) and women ($1,356) were higher than those of their White counterparts. (See 

table 2.) 
-2- 

• By age, usual weekly earnings were highest for men ages 35 to 64: median weekly earnings 

were $1,403 for men ages 35 to 44, $1,401 for men ages 45 to 54, and $1,388 for men ages 

55 to 64. Among women, usual weekly earnings were also highest for workers ages 35 to 64: 

median weekly earnings were $1,172 for women ages 35 to 44, $1,145 for women ages 45 to 

54, and $1,101 for women ages 55 to 64. Men and women ages 16 to 24 had the lowest 

median weekly earnings, $761 and $707, respectively. Men's and women's earnings were 

closer among younger workers than older workers; for example, women ages 16 to 24 earned 

92.9 percent as much as men in the same age group, while the women's-to-men's earnings 

ratio was 77.8 percent for those age 55 and over. (See table 3.) 

• Among the major occupational groups, persons employed full time in management, 

professional, and related occupations had the highest median weekly earnings—$1,778 for 

men and $1,380 for women. Persons employed in service occupations earned the least—$821 

for men, and $678 for women. (See table 4.) 

• By educational attainment, full-time workers age 25 and over without a high school 

diploma had median weekly earnings of $713, compared with $917 for high school graduates 

(no college) and $1,608 for those holding at least a bachelor's degree. Among college 

graduates with advanced degrees (master's, professional, and doctoral degrees), the highest 

earning 10 percent of male workers made $4,623 or more per week, compared with $3,443 or 

more for their female counterparts. (See table 5.) 

• Seasonally adjusted median weekly earnings increased to $1,142 in the fourth quarter of 

2023, up from the previous quarter ($1,119). (See table 1.) 

2023 Annual Averages 

In addition to the data for the fourth quarter, this news release includes 2023 annual averages on 

median weekly earnings for major demographic, occupational, and educational attainment 

groups. (See tables 7, 8, and 9.) Annual average data on median usual weekly earnings for men 

and women by detailed occupational categories will be posted online at 

www.bls.gov/cps/tables.htm#weekearn when they become available. 
-3- 

Revision of Seasonally Adjusted Usual Weekly Earnings Data 

Seasonally adjusted median usual weekly earnings data shown in table 1 of this news release 

have been revised using updated seasonal adjustment factors from the Current Population 

Survey, a procedure done at the end of each calendar year. The revisions directly affected the 

number of full-time wage and salary workers and current dollar estimates of median weekly 

earnings; estimates of constant (1982-84) dollar median weekly earnings were indirectly 

affected. Seasonally adjusted estimates back to the first quarter of 2019 were subject to revision. 

The Usual Weekly Earnings news release for the first quarter of 2024, scheduled for release on 

April 16, 2024, will incorporate revisions to the seasonally adjusted data for the median weekly 

earnings in constant (1982-84) dollars. Seasonally adjusted constant (1982-84) dollar estimates 

back to the first quarter of 2019 will be subject to revision due to annual revisions to seasonally 

adjusted data for the Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers (CPI-U).
Technical Note

The estimates in this release were obtained from the 

Current Population Survey (CPS), which provides basic 

information on the labor force, employment, and 

unemployment. The survey is conducted monthly for the 

Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) by the U.S. Census

Bureau using a scientifically selected national sample of 

about 60,000 eligible households, with coverage in all 50 

states and the District of Columbia. The earnings data are 

collected from one-fourth of the CPS monthly sample and 

are limited to wage and salary workers. All self-employed 

workers, both incorporated and unincorporated, are

excluded from CPS earnings estimates.

If you are deaf, hard of hearing, or have a speech 

disability, please dial 7-1-1 to access telecommunications 

relay services or the information voice phone at: (202) 691-

5200. This news release is in the public domain and may 

be reproduced without permission.

Definitions

The principal definitions used in connection with the 

earnings data in this news release are described briefly 

below.

Usual weekly earnings. Data represent earnings 

before taxes and other deductions and include any overtime 

pay, commissions, or tips usually received (at the main job 

in the case of multiple jobholders). Prior to 1994, 

respondents were asked how much they usually earned per 

week. Since January 1994, respondents have been asked to 

identify the easiest way for them to report earnings (hourly, 

weekly, biweekly, twice monthly, monthly, annually, or 

other) and how much they usually earn in the reported time 

period.

Earnings reported on a basis other than weekly are 

converted to a weekly equivalent. The term "usual" is 

determined by each respondent's own understanding of the 

term. If the respondent asks for a definition of "usual," 

interviewers are instructed to define the term as more than 

half the weeks worked during the past 4 or 5 months.

Medians (and other quantiles) of weekly earnings. 

The median (or upper limit of the second quartile) is the 

midpoint in a given earnings distribution, with half of 

workers having earnings above the median and the other 

half having earnings below the median. Ten percent of a 

given distribution have earnings below the upper limit of 

the first decile (90 percent have higher earnings), 25 

percent have earnings below the upper limit of the first 

quartile (75 percent have higher earnings), 75 percent have 

earnings below the upper limit of the third quartile (25 

percent have higher earnings), and 90 percent have 

earnings below the upper limit of the ninth decile (10 

percent have higher earnings).

The BLS procedure for estimating the median of an 

earnings distribution places each reported or calculated 

weekly earnings value into a $50-wide interval that is 

centered around a multiple of $50. The median is 

calculated through the linear interpolation of the interval in 

which the median lies.

 Changes over time in the medians (and other quantile 

boundaries) for specific groups may not necessarily be 

consistent with the movements estimated for the overall 

quantile boundary. The most common reasons for this 

possible anomaly are as follows: (1) there could be a 

change in the relative weights of the subgroups. For 

example, the median of 16- to 24-year-olds and the median 

earnings of those 25 years and over may rise, but if the 

lower earning 16-to-24 age group accounts for a greatly 

increased share of the total, the overall median could 

actually fall. (2) there could be a large change in the shape 

of the distribution of reported earnings, particularly near a 

quantile boundary. This change could be caused by survey 

observations that are clustered at rounded values, such as 

$400 or $500. An estimate lying in a $50-wide centered 

interval containing such a cluster or "spike" tends to change 

more slowly than one in other intervals.

 Constant dollars. The Consumer Price Index for All 

Urban Consumers (CPI-U) is used to convert current 

dollars to constant (1982-84) dollars.

 Wage and salary workers. These are workers who 

receive wages, salaries, commissions, tips, payment in 

kind, or piece rates. The group includes employees in both 

the private and public sectors but, for the purposes of the 

earnings series, it excludes all self-employed persons, both 

those with incorporated businesses and those with 

unincorporated businesses.

Full-time workers. For the purpose of producing 

estimates of earnings, workers who usually work 35 hours 

or more per week at their sole or principal job are defined 

as working full time.

Part-time workers. For the purpose of producing 

estimates of earnings, workers who usually work fewer 

than 35 hours per week at their sole or principal job are 

defined as working part time.
 Race. In the survey process, race is determined by the 

household respondent. In accordance with the Office of 

Management and Budget guidelines, White, Black or 

African American, Asian, American Indian or Alaska 

Native, and Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander are 

terms used to describe a person's race. Estimates for the 

latter two race groups and persons who selected more than 

one race are not included in this release due to insufficient 

sample size.

 Hispanic or Latino ethnicity. This refers to people 

who identified themselves in the survey process as being 

of Hispanic, Latino, or Spanish origin. People whose 

ethnicity is identified as Hispanic or Latino may be of any 

race.

Reliability

 Statistics based on the CPS are subject to both 

sampling and nonsampling error. When a sample, rather 

than the entire population, is surveyed, there is a chance 

that the sample estimates may differ from the true 

population values they represent. The component of this

difference that occurs because samples differ by chance is 

known as sampling error, and its variability is measured by 

the standard error of the estimate. There is about a 90-

percent chance, or level of confidence, that an estimate 

based on a sample will differ by no more than 1.6 standard 

errors from the true population value because of sampling

error. BLS analyses are generally conducted at the 90-

percent level of confidence. 

The CPS data also are affected by nonsampling error. 

Nonsampling error can occur for many reasons, including 

the failure to sample a segment of the population, inability

to obtain information for all respondents in the sample, 

inability or unwillingness of respondents to provide correct 

information, and errors made in the collection or

processing of the data.

Additional information about the reliability of data 

from the CPS is available on the BLS website at 

www.bls.gov/cps/documentation.htm#reliability.

Seasonal adjustment

Over the course of a year, the size of the nation's labor 

force and other measures of labor market activity undergo 

regularly occurring fluctuations. These recurring events 

include seasonal changes in weather, major holidays, and 

the opening and closing of schools. The effect of such 

seasonal variations can be very large.

Because seasonal events follow a more or less regular 

pattern each year, their influence on the level of a series 

can be tempered by adjusting for regular seasonal

variation. These adjustments make nonseasonal 

developments easier to spot. The seasonally adjusted 

figures provide a more useful tool with which to analyze 

changes in quarter-to-quarter activity.

At the end of each calendar year, the seasonally 

adjusted data are revised for the past 5 years when the 

seasonal adjustment factors are updated. More information 

on seasonal adjustment is available on the BLS website at 

www.bls.gov/cps/documentation.htm#sa.
Table 1. Median usual weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers by sex, quarterly averages,

seasonally adjusted

Year and quarter

Number of workers

(in thousands) Median weekly earnings

Total Men Women

In current dollars In constant (1982-84) dollars

Total

$

Men

$

Women

$

Total

$

Men

$

Women

$

2014

4th quarter......................................... 107,436 60,123 47,313 795 878 724 336 371 306

2015

1st quarter......................................... 108,448 60,346 48,102 802 886 725 341 377 308

2nd quarter........................................ 108,541 60,386 48,154 803 890 725 339 376 306

3rd quarter......................................... 109,315 61,004 48,311 809 896 727 340 377 306

4th quarter......................................... 110,060 61,292 48,768 821 904 729 345 380 307

2016

1st quarter......................................... 110,323 61,559 48,764 823 904 744 346 380 313

2nd quarter........................................ 110,921 61,770 49,152 828 913 746 345 381 311

3rd quarter......................................... 111,789 62,239 49,550 834 918 748 347 381 311

4th quarter......................................... 111,357 62,182 49,175 845 924 759 349 381 313

2017

1st quarter......................................... 111,838 62,363 49,475 858 941 760 352 386 312

2nd quarter........................................ 113,140 62,963 50,177 863 937 782 354 384 321

3rd quarter......................................... 113,854 63,319 50,535 864 944 769 352 385 313

4th quarter......................................... 114,286 63,315 50,971 854 943 770 345 382 312

2018

1st quarter......................................... 114,418 63,802 50,616 875 956 779 351 384 312

2nd quarter........................................ 115,529 64,194 51,336 881 963 783 351 384 313

3rd quarter......................................... 116,256 64,448 51,808 891 979 796 354 389 316

4th quarter......................................... 116,087 64,154 51,932 897 992 795 355 392 315

2019

1st quarter......................................... 117,111 64,772 52,338 899 996 803 355 393 317

2nd quarter........................................ 117,299 65,071 52,228 914 1,003 818 358 393 320

3rd quarter......................................... 117,501 65,010 52,491 921 1,007 825 360 393 322

4th quarter......................................... 118,450 65,202 53,248 934 1,022 842 362 396 327

2020

1st quarter......................................... 116,829 64,162 52,667 951 1,059 853 367 409 330

2nd quarter........................................ 104,222 57,716 46,506 1,008 1,090 919 393 425 359

3rd quarter......................................... 108,903 60,146 48,757 995 1,108 900 384 427 347

4th quarter......................................... 111,671 61,678 49,994 983 1,072 893 376 410 342

2021

1st quarter......................................... 112,893 61,940 50,952 983 1,082 897 373 410 340

2nd quarter........................................ 113,300 62,178 51,122 996 1,098 905 371 409 337

3rd quarter......................................... 114,607 63,229 51,379 1,002 1,104 915 367 404 335

4th quarter......................................... 116,525 64,429 52,096 1,009 1,103 928 362 396 333

2022

1st quarter......................................... 118,307 65,294 53,013 1,032 1,121 936 362 394 329

2nd quarter........................................ 118,514 65,089 53,424 1,048 1,148 950 359 394 326

3rd quarter......................................... 119,507 65,866 53,641 1,071 1,168 970 362 395 328

4th quarter......................................... 119,204 66,025 53,179 1,083 1,175 973 363 394 326

2023

1st quarter......................................... 120,010 66,306 53,704 1,095 1,179 992 363 391 329

2nd quarter........................................ 121,029 66,807 54,222 1,107 1,185 999 365 391 329

3rd quarter......................................... 121,376 66,726 54,650 1,119 1,212 1,006 366 396 329

4th quarter......................................... 121,257 67,010 54,247 1,142 1,230 1,027 371 399 333

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
Table 2. Median usual weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers by selected characteristics,

quarterly averages, not seasonally adjusted

Characteristic

Number of workers

(in thousands) Median weekly earnings

4th

2022

4th

2023

In current dollars In constant (1982-84)

dollars

4th

2022

4th

2023

4th

2022

4th

2023

SEX AND AGE

Total, 16 years and over.............................................. 118,844 120,797 $1,085 $1,145 $365 $373

Men, 16 years and over............................................ 65,570 66,453 1,176 1,231 395 401

16 to 24 years.................................................... 5,922 6,103 744 761 250 248

25 years and over................................................ 59,648 60,350 1,238 1,312 416 427

Women, 16 years and over........................................ 53,274 54,344 975 1,031 328 336

16 to 24 years.................................................... 4,291 4,974 694 707 233 230

25 years and over................................................ 48,983 49,371 1,010 1,099 339 358

RACE, HISPANIC OR LATINO ETHNICITY, AND SEX

White.................................................................. 90,473 91,241 1,111 1,157 373 377

Men................................................................. 50,943 51,324 1,194 1,243 401 405

Women............................................................. 39,530 39,918 991 1,045 333 340

Black or African American......................................... 15,986 16,314 896 967 301 315

Men................................................................. 7,869 7,939 951 997 320 324

Women............................................................. 8,117 8,375 856 936 288 305

Asian.................................................................. 8,355 8,544 1,496 1,528 503 498

Men................................................................. 4,575 4,730 1,647 1,731 554 563

Women............................................................. 3,780 3,814 1,342 1,356 451 442

Hispanic or Latino ethnicity........................................ 22,176 22,883 837 884 281 288

Men................................................................. 12,836 13,284 895 923 301 301

Women............................................................. 9,340 9,599 774 810 260 264

NOTE: Estimates for the above race groups (White, Black or African American, and Asian) do not sum to totals because data are not presented for all

races. Persons whose ethnicity is identified as Hispanic or Latino may be of any race. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the

release of January data.
Table 3. Median usual weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers by age, race, Hispanic or Latino

ethnicity, and sex, 4th quarter 2023 averages, not seasonally adjusted

Age, race, and Hispanic or Latino ethnicity

Total Men Women

Number of

workers

(in

thousands)

Median

weekly

earnings

Number of

workers

(in

thousands)

Median

weekly

earnings

Number of

workers

(in

thousands)

Median

weekly

earnings

TOTAL

16 years and over..................................................... 120,797 $1,145 66,453 $1,231 54,344 $1,031

16 to 24 years....................................................... 11,076 734 6,103 761 4,974 707

16 to 19 years.................................................... 1,528 622 927 659 600 557

20 to 24 years.................................................... 9,549 758 5,175 782 4,373 725

25 years and over................................................... 109,721 1,205 60,350 1,312 49,371 1,099

25 to 54 years.................................................... 84,273 1,204 46,253 1,296 38,020 1,111

25 to 34 years.................................................. 29,884 1,080 16,407 1,134 13,477 1,023

35 to 44 years.................................................. 28,807 1,303 15,962 1,403 12,844 1,172

45 to 54 years.................................................. 25,583 1,275 13,884 1,401 11,699 1,145

55 years and over................................................ 25,448 1,206 14,098 1,353 11,350 1,053

55 to 64 years.................................................. 20,118 1,244 11,096 1,388 9,021 1,101

65 years and over............................................. 5,330 1,055 3,001 1,177 2,329 941

White

16 years and over................................................... 91,241 1,157 51,324 1,243 39,918 1,045

16 to 24 years.................................................... 8,314 747 4,629 775 3,684 717

25 years and over................................................ 82,928 1,220 46,694 1,327 36,233 1,109

25 to 54 years.................................................. 62,715 1,220 35,257 1,309 27,459 1,123

55 years and over............................................. 20,212 1,222 11,438 1,367 8,775 1,055

Black or African American

16 years and over................................................... 16,314 967 7,939 997 8,375 936

16 to 24 years.................................................... 1,575 614 832 683 743 588

25 years and over................................................ 14,738 1,017 7,106 1,052 7,632 987

25 to 54 years.................................................. 11,641 1,009 5,637 1,037 6,004 977

55 years and over............................................. 3,098 1,113 1,469 1,158 1,629 1,062

Asian

16 years and over................................................... 8,544 1,528 4,730 1,731 3,814 1,356

16 to 24 years.................................................... 503 1,015 269 1,131 235 987

25 years and over................................................ 8,041 1,561 4,462 1,797 3,579 1,380

25 to 54 years.................................................. 6,501 1,602 3,578 1,852 2,923 1,450

55 years and over............................................. 1,540 1,381 884 1,614 656 1,113

Hispanic or Latino ethnicity

16 years and over................................................... 22,883 884 13,284 923 9,599 810

16 to 24 years.................................................... 2,917 690 1,656 695 1,261 684

25 years and over................................................ 19,965 920 11,628 983 8,338 847

25 to 54 years.................................................. 16,378 926 9,486 986 6,892 871

55 years and over............................................. 3,587 885 2,142 968 1,446 756

NOTE: Estimates for the above race groups (White, Black or African American, and Asian) do not sum to totals because data are not presented for all

races. Persons whose ethnicity is identified as Hispanic or Latino may be of any race. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the

release of January data.
Table 4. Median usual weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers by occupation and sex, quarterly

averages, not seasonally adjusted

Occupation and sex

Number of workers

(in thousands) Median weekly earnings

4th

2022

4th

2023

4th

2022

4th

2023

TOTAL

Management, professional, and related occupations................................ 54,692 56,629 $1,477 $1,533

Management, business, and financial operations occupations................... 22,965 24,222 1,607 1,634

Professional and related occupations............................................... 31,727 32,407 1,403 1,465

Service occupations...................................................................... 15,281 15,867 705 735

Sales and office occupations............................................................ 21,607 21,279 901 937

Sales and related occupations....................................................... 9,054 9,120 958 1,002

Office and administrative support occupations..................................... 12,552 12,159 875 905

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance occupations.................... 11,225 11,149 987 1,013

Farming, fishing, and forestry occupations......................................... 683 762 671 701

Construction and extraction occupations............................................ 6,276 6,249 965 992

Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations................................. 4,266 4,139 1,061 1,123

Production, transportation, and material moving occupations....................... 16,040 15,873 850 901

Production occupations................................................................ 7,306 7,208 880 911

Transportation and material moving occupations.................................. 8,734 8,665 823 892

Men

Management, professional, and related occupations................................ 26,885 27,491 1,729 1,778

Management, business, and financial operations occupations................... 12,277 12,555 1,804 1,885

Professional and related occupations............................................... 14,608 14,936 1,647 1,722

Service occupations...................................................................... 7,150 7,529 782 821

Sales and office occupations............................................................ 8,577 8,744 1,047 1,080

Sales and related occupations....................................................... 4,961 5,248 1,165 1,184

Office and administrative support occupations..................................... 3,616 3,496 950 1,005

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance occupations.................... 10,654 10,562 995 1,026

Farming, fishing, and forestry occupations......................................... 478 567 687 732

Construction and extraction occupations............................................ 6,099 6,044 969 995

Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations................................. 4,076 3,950 1,068 1,132

Production, transportation, and material moving occupations....................... 12,304 12,127 910 966

Production occupations................................................................ 5,327 5,122 960 986

Transportation and material moving occupations.................................. 6,977 7,006 878 943

Women

Management, professional, and related occupations................................ 27,807 29,138 1,316 1,380

Management, business, and financial operations occupations................... 10,688 11,667 1,447 1,471

Professional and related occupations............................................... 17,119 17,471 1,250 1,327

Service occupations...................................................................... 8,131 8,338 652 678

Sales and office occupations............................................................ 13,029 12,535 836 875

Sales and related occupations....................................................... 4,093 3,872 794 842

Office and administrative support occupations..................................... 8,936 8,663 848 882

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance occupations.................... 571 588 714 788

Farming, fishing, and forestry occupations......................................... 204 194 653 624

Construction and extraction occupations............................................ 177 205 920 880

Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations................................. 190 189 844 891

Production, transportation, and material moving occupations....................... 3,736 3,746 706 723

Production occupations................................................................ 1,979 2,086 720 740

Transportation and material moving occupations.................................. 1,757 1,660 691 711

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
Table 5. Quartiles and selected deciles of usual weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers by

selected characteristics, 4th quarter 2023 averages, not seasonally adjusted

Characteristic

Number of

workers

(in

thousands)

Upper limit of:

First decile First

quartile

Second

quartile

(median)

Third

quartile

Ninth

decile

SEX, RACE, AND HISPANIC OR LATINO ETHNICITY

Total, 16 years and over.............................................. 120,797 $590 $776 $1,145 $1,764 $2,742

Men................................................................... 66,453 622 830 1,231 1,918 2,982

Women............................................................... 54,344 551 719 1,031 1,556 2,381

White.................................................................. 91,241 595 789 1,157 1,773 2,801

Men................................................................. 51,324 633 847 1,243 1,921 2,994

Women............................................................. 39,918 557 727 1,045 1,565 2,396

Black or African American......................................... 16,314 529 697 967 1,461 2,098

Men................................................................. 7,939 582 737 997 1,577 2,291

Women............................................................. 8,375 502 658 936 1,362 1,909

Asian.................................................................. 8,544 663 932 1,528 2,457 3,807

Men................................................................. 4,730 708 1,033 1,731 2,686 3,896

Women............................................................. 3,814 631 857 1,356 2,041 3,352

Hispanic or Latino ethnicity........................................ 22,883 515 661 884 1,306 1,921

Men................................................................. 13,284 550 695 923 1,384 2,100

Women............................................................. 9,599 490 615 810 1,201 1,731

EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT

Total, 25 years and over.............................................. 109,721 611 815 1,205 1,870 2,885

Less than a high school diploma.................................. 6,211 453 586 713 915 1,282

High school graduates, no college1

............................... 26,169 546 698 917 1,284 1,847

Some college or associate degree................................ 26,409 598 766 1,058 1,501 2,110

Bachelor’s degree and higher2.................................... 50,932 805 1,131 1,608 2,410 3,692

Bachelor’s degree only.......................................... 30,696 749 1,022 1,509 2,268 3,391

Advanced degree................................................. 20,236 926 1,261 1,816 2,775 4,074

Men, 25 years and over............................................ 60,350 663 887 1,312 2,010 3,108

Less than a high school diploma............................... 4,229 491 621 777 1,018 1,412

High school graduates, no college1

............................ 16,191 607 780 1,010 1,434 1,999

Some college or associate degree............................. 14,222 657 875 1,191 1,698 2,319

Bachelor’s degree and higher2

................................. 25,708 869 1,243 1,871 2,827 4,098

Bachelor’s degree only........................................ 15,999 818 1,149 1,725 2,496 3,813

Advanced degree.............................................. 9,709 993 1,406 2,099 3,166 4,623

Women, 25 years and over........................................ 49,371 578 748 1,099 1,626 2,485

Less than a high school diploma............................... 1,982 409 512 616 742 880

High school graduates, no college1

............................ 9,978 495 614 776 1,032 1,454

Some college or associate degree............................. 12,187 553 699 921 1,272 1,747

Bachelor’s degree and higher2................................. 25,224 753 1,024 1,454 2,051 3,020

Bachelor’s degree only........................................ 14,697 702 945 1,364 1,893 2,879

Advanced degree.............................................. 10,526 884 1,167 1,585 2,299 3,443

1

Includes persons with a high school diploma or equivalent.

2

Includes persons with bachelor’s, master’s, professional, and doctoral degrees.

NOTE: Ten percent of all full-time wage and salary workers earn less than the upper limit of the first decile; 25 percent earn less than the upper limit

of the first quartile; 50 percent earn less than the upper limit of the second quartile, or median; 75 percent earn less than the upper limit of the third

quartile; and 90 percent earn less than the upper limit of the ninth decile.

Estimates for the above race groups (White, Black or African American, and Asian) do not sum to totals because data are not presented for all races.

Persons whose ethnicity is identified as Hispanic or Latino may be of any race. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release

of January data.
Table 6. Median usual weekly earnings of part-time wage and salary workers by selected characteristics,

quarterly averages, not seasonally adjusted

Characteristic

Number of workers

(in thousands) Median weekly earnings

4th

2022

4th

2023

4th

2022

4th

2023

SEX AND AGE

Total, 16 years and over................................................................. 23,131 24,010 $342 $362

Men, 16 years and over............................................................... 8,162 8,509 322 359

16 to 24 years........................................................................ 3,499 3,624 263 277

25 years and over................................................................... 4,662 4,884 401 444

Women, 16 years and over........................................................... 14,969 15,501 353 364

16 to 24 years........................................................................ 4,946 4,826 266 258

25 years and over................................................................... 10,023 10,675 417 425

RACE, HISPANIC OR LATINO ETHNICITY, AND SEX

White..................................................................................... 18,002 18,415 342 367

Men.................................................................................... 6,213 6,406 324 367

Women................................................................................ 11,788 12,009 353 368

Black or African American............................................................ 2,610 2,938 324 344

Men.................................................................................... 891 1,113 292 357

Women................................................................................ 1,719 1,826 341 335

Asian..................................................................................... 1,347 1,576 371 402

Men.................................................................................... 564 557 351 343

Women................................................................................ 783 1,019 389 444

Hispanic or Latino ethnicity........................................................... 4,515 4,556 356 363

Men.................................................................................... 1,649 1,591 366 370

Women................................................................................ 2,866 2,964 348 360

NOTE: Estimates for the above race groups (White, Black or African American, and Asian) do not sum to totals because data are not presented for all

races. Persons whose ethnicity is identified as Hispanic or Latino may be of any race. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the

release of January data.
Table 7. Median usual weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers by selected characteristics, annual

averages

Characteristic

Number of workers

(in thousands) Median weekly earnings

2022 2023

In current dollars In constant (1982-84)

dollars

2022 2023 2022 2023

SEX AND AGE

Total, 16 years and over.............................................. 118,869 120,907 $1,059 $1,117 $362 $367

Men, 16 years and over............................................ 65,554 66,700 1,154 1,202 394 394

16 to 24 years.................................................... 6,044 6,356 713 736 244 242

25 years and over................................................ 59,510 60,344 1,219 1,273 416 418

Women, 16 years and over........................................ 53,315 54,207 958 1,005 327 330

16 to 24 years.................................................... 4,682 5,069 656 691 224 227

25 years and over................................................ 48,633 49,138 1,002 1,060 342 348

RACE, HISPANIC OR LATINO ETHNICITY, AND SEX

White.................................................................. 90,543 91,336 1,085 1,138 371 373

Men................................................................. 51,054 51,583 1,172 1,225 401 402

Women............................................................. 39,489 39,752 973 1,021 333 335

Black or African American......................................... 15,804 16,452 878 920 300 302

Men................................................................. 7,665 7,943 921 970 315 318

Women............................................................. 8,139 8,508 835 889 285 292

Asian.................................................................. 8,249 8,597 1,401 1,474 479 484

Men................................................................. 4,535 4,730 1,559 1,635 533 537

Women............................................................. 3,715 3,867 1,234 1,299 422 426

Hispanic or Latino ethnicity........................................ 22,227 22,834 823 874 281 287

Men................................................................. 13,163 13,434 887 915 303 300

Women............................................................. 9,064 9,399 761 800 260 263

NOTE: Estimates for the above race groups (White, Black or African American, and Asian) do not sum to totals because data are not presented for all

races. Persons whose ethnicity is identified as Hispanic or Latino may be of any race. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the

release of January data.
Table 8. Median usual weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers by occupation and sex, annual

averages

Occupation and sex

Number of workers

(in thousands) Median weekly earnings

2022 2023 2022 2023

TOTAL

Management, professional, and related occupations................................ 53,962 56,077 $1,465 $1,527

Management, business, and financial operations occupations................... 22,707 23,989 1,569 1,630

Professional and related occupations............................................... 31,255 32,088 1,392 1,458

Service occupations...................................................................... 15,468 15,818 697 721

Sales and office occupations............................................................ 21,978 21,667 880 923

Sales and related occupations....................................................... 9,170 9,148 941 1,001

Office and administrative support occupations..................................... 12,808 12,519 847 891

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance occupations.................... 11,386 11,368 965 1,001

Farming, fishing, and forestry occupations......................................... 762 731 645 689

Construction and extraction occupations............................................ 6,406 6,517 943 985

Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations................................. 4,218 4,120 1,043 1,092

Production, transportation, and material moving occupations....................... 16,076 15,977 821 869

Production occupations................................................................ 7,352 7,313 862 895

Transportation and material moving occupations.................................. 8,724 8,664 796 841

Men

Management, professional, and related occupations................................ 26,229 27,070 1,726 1,778

Management, business, and financial operations occupations................... 12,079 12,425 1,772 1,868

Professional and related occupations............................................... 14,150 14,645 1,647 1,736

Service occupations...................................................................... 7,463 7,672 767 801

Sales and office occupations............................................................ 8,741 8,876 1,019 1,072

Sales and related occupations....................................................... 5,048 5,099 1,139 1,196

Office and administrative support occupations..................................... 3,693 3,777 933 983

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance occupations.................... 10,823 10,793 979 1,013

Farming, fishing, and forestry occupations......................................... 582 548 661 728

Construction and extraction occupations............................................ 6,195 6,277 951 991

Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations................................. 4,047 3,968 1,051 1,104

Production, transportation, and material moving occupations....................... 12,298 12,290 891 923

Production occupations................................................................ 5,314 5,277 943 966

Transportation and material moving occupations.................................. 6,984 7,013 842 897

Women

Management, professional, and related occupations................................ 27,733 29,007 1,284 1,349

Management, business, and financial operations occupations................... 10,629 11,564 1,409 1,449

Professional and related occupations............................................... 17,104 17,443 1,229 1,278

Service occupations...................................................................... 8,005 8,146 643 676

Sales and office occupations............................................................ 13,236 12,791 810 856

Sales and related occupations....................................................... 4,122 4,049 783 830

Office and administrative support occupations..................................... 9,115 8,743 818 864

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance occupations.................... 562 575 700 734

Farming, fishing, and forestry occupations......................................... 180 183 611 614

Construction and extraction occupations............................................ 211 240 796 795

Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations................................. 171 152 861 875

Production, transportation, and material moving occupations....................... 3,778 3,688 694 716

Production occupations................................................................ 2,038 2,036 700 742

Transportation and material moving occupations.................................. 1,740 1,651 687 694

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
Table 9. Quartiles and selected deciles of usual weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers by

selected characteristics, 2023 annual averages

Characteristic

Number of

workers

(in

thousands)

Upper limit of:

First decile First

quartile

Second

quartile

(median)

Third

quartile

Ninth

decile

TOTAL

Total, 25 years and over.............................................. 109,482 $602 $792 $1,170 $1,851 $2,879

Less than a high school diploma.................................. 6,047 443 578 708 933 1,263

High school graduates, no college1

............................... 26,327 541 682 899 1,249 1,769

Some college or associate degree................................ 26,526 589 742 1,016 1,456 2,076

Bachelor’s degree and higher2

.................................... 50,582 778 1,098 1,609 2,420 3,658

Bachelor’s degree only.......................................... 30,851 735 1,004 1,493 2,268 3,291

Advanced degree................................................. 19,731 902 1,250 1,837 2,775 4,085

Men

Total, 25 years and over........................................... 60,344 640 858 1,273 1,994 3,067

Less than a high school diploma............................... 4,125 481 608 768 1,017 1,406

High school graduates, no college1

............................ 16,331 594 738 991 1,396 1,930

Some college or associate degree............................. 14,316 638 825 1,165 1,644 2,311

Bachelor’s degree and higher2

................................. 25,572 856 1,216 1,870 2,808 4,050

Bachelor’s degree only........................................ 16,083 807 1,137 1,726 2,510 3,828

Advanced degree.............................................. 9,489 962 1,401 2,099 3,111 4,745

Women

Total, 25 years and over........................................... 49,138 572 734 1,060 1,615 2,479

Less than a high school diploma............................... 1,922 397 508 619 754 944

High school graduates, no college1

............................ 9,995 488 612 770 1,027 1,395

Some college or associate degree............................. 12,210 540 683 895 1,223 1,691

Bachelor’s degree and higher2

................................. 25,010 735 996 1,437 2,078 3,024

Bachelor’s degree only........................................ 14,768 690 917 1,318 1,895 2,801

Advanced degree.............................................. 10,242 861 1,160 1,603 2,358 3,455

White, total

Total, 25 years and over........................................... 82,654 613 812 1,196 1,871 2,884

Less than a high school diploma............................... 4,852 458 584 716 960 1,297

High school graduates, no college1

............................ 20,014 559 699 924 1,287 1,822

Some college or associate degree............................. 19,959 600 766 1,061 1,506 2,117

Bachelor’s degree and higher2

................................. 37,829 796 1,116 1,625 2,450 3,692

Bachelor’s degree only........................................ 23,573 752 1,024 1,524 2,292 3,355

Advanced degree.............................................. 14,256 912 1,250 1,821 2,737 4,111

White men

Total, 25 years and over........................................ 46,678 654 881 1,302 2,004 3,079

Less than a high school diploma............................ 3,427 483 612 774 1,031 1,419

High school graduates, no college1

......................... 12,772 606 766 1,015 1,428 1,981

Some college or associate degree.......................... 11,101 659 864 1,206 1,708 2,392

Bachelor’s degree and higher2

............................... 19,377 877 1,241 1,879 2,831 4,118

Bachelor’s degree only..................................... 12,543 836 1,165 1,756 2,576 3,855

Advanced degree........................................... 6,835 974 1,405 2,098 3,110 4,760

White women

Total, 25 years and over........................................ 35,976 581 748 1,083 1,629 2,481

Less than a high school diploma............................ 1,425 412 516 631 763 952

High school graduates, no college1

......................... 7,241 493 621 783 1,053 1,430

Some college or associate degree.......................... 8,858 559 697 918 1,251 1,737

Bachelor’s degree and higher2

............................... 18,452 747 1,002 1,441 2,078 3,017

Bachelor’s degree only..................................... 11,031 704 927 1,337 1,901 2,829

Advanced degree........................................... 7,421 874 1,159 1,591 2,317 3,416

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 9. Quartiles and selected deciles of usual weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers by

selected characteristics, 2023 annual averages — Continued

Characteristic

Number of

workers

(in

thousands)

Upper limit of:

First decile First

quartile

Second

quartile

(median)

Third

quartile

Ninth

decile

Black or African American, total

Total, 25 years and over........................................... 14,892 544 695 969 1,469 2,201

Less than a high school diploma............................... 635 406 513 622 835 1,109

High school graduates, no college1

............................ 4,256 491 621 789 1,092 1,601

Some college or associate degree............................. 4,425 540 676 886 1,244 1,799

Bachelor’s degree and higher2................................. 5,576 686 934 1,342 1,918 2,900

Bachelor’s degree only........................................ 3,413 653 857 1,215 1,813 2,595

Advanced degree.............................................. 2,163 786 1,123 1,526 2,232 3,241

Black or African American men

Total, 25 years and over........................................ 7,153 587 723 1,014 1,576 2,310

Less than a high school diploma............................ 364 449 584 692 903 1,158

High school graduates, no college1

......................... 2,371 532 676 850 1,220 1,841

Some college or associate degree.......................... 2,070 596 723 989 1,403 2,013

Bachelor’s degree and higher2

............................... 2,349 703 979 1,477 2,195 3,173

Bachelor’s degree only..................................... 1,528 692 916 1,356 1,987 2,904

Advanced degree........................................... 821 750 1,152 1,672 2,480 3,831

Black or African American women

Total, 25 years and over........................................ 7,739 514 664 920 1,359 2,007

Less than a high school diploma............................ 271 385 486 582 705 921

High school graduates, no college1

......................... 1,886 455 582 733 973 1,278

Some college or associate degree.......................... 2,355 499 631 811 1,078 1,530

Bachelor’s degree and higher2............................... 3,227 672 907 1,274 1,850 2,652

Bachelor’s degree only..................................... 1,885 625 806 1,157 1,661 2,311

Advanced degree........................................... 1,342 797 1,100 1,478 2,010 2,923

Asian, total

Total, 25 years and over........................................... 8,052 663 939 1,524 2,488 3,798

Less than a high school diploma............................... 305 379 577 694 845 1,177

High school graduates, no college1

............................ 974 524 651 875 1,191 1,647

Some college or associate degree............................. 982 619 763 999 1,456 2,258

Bachelor’s degree and higher2................................. 5,791 838 1,237 1,890 2,892 4,057

Bachelor’s degree only........................................ 2,971 746 1,114 1,610 2,479 3,554

Advanced degree.............................................. 2,820 975 1,463 2,159 3,145 4,730

Asian men

Total, 25 years and over........................................... 4,426 720 1,022 1,732 2,749 3,907

Less than a high school diploma............................... 159 440 617 776 907 1,394

High school graduates, no college1

............................ 530 576 709 959 1,364 1,850

Some college or associate degree............................. 555 641 801 1,126 1,613 2,481

Bachelor’s degree and higher2

................................. 3,182 931 1,388 2,084 3,097 4,502

Bachelor’s degree only........................................ 1,556 863 1,191 1,827 2,769 3,894

Advanced degree.............................................. 1,626 1,051 1,584 2,384 3,448 4,797

Asian women

Total, 25 years and over........................................... 3,626 616 837 1,336 2,112 3,231

Less than a high school diploma............................... 146 356 533 627 743 1,038

High school graduates, no college1

............................ 444 494 611 769 998 1,314

Some college or associate degree............................. 427 598 719 932 1,244 1,704

Bachelor’s degree and higher2

................................. 2,609 754 1,136 1,643 2,503 3,648

Bachelor’s degree only........................................ 1,415 686 993 1,428 2,139 3,123

Advanced degree.............................................. 1,194 902 1,323 1,899 2,899 4,183

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 9. Quartiles and selected deciles of usual weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers by

selected characteristics, 2023 annual averages — Continued

Characteristic

Number of

workers

(in

thousands)

Upper limit of:

First decile First

quartile

Second

quartile

(median)

Third

quartile

Ninth

decile

Hispanic or Latino ethnicity, total

Total, 25 years and over........................................... 19,934 533 680 915 1,370 2,014

Less than a high school diploma............................... 3,717 446 576 697 904 1,174

High school graduates, no college1

............................ 6,452 526 659 833 1,142 1,563

Some college or associate degree............................. 4,488 576 711 960 1,349 1,888

Bachelor’s degree and higher2................................. 5,278 677 916 1,369 2,012 2,945

Bachelor’s degree only........................................ 3,624 644 862 1,259 1,879 2,816

Advanced degree.............................................. 1,654 784 1,100 1,596 2,443 3,475

Hispanic or Latino men

Total, 25 years and over........................................ 11,763 577 711 970 1,441 2,203

Less than a high school diploma............................ 2,632 479 601 742 987 1,246

High school graduates, no college1

......................... 4,140 585 708 908 1,248 1,727

Some college or associate degree.......................... 2,384 619 765 1,079 1,505 2,108

Bachelor’s degree and higher2

............................... 2,607 709 979 1,499 2,310 3,349

Bachelor’s degree only..................................... 1,828 693 937 1,396 2,094 2,978

Advanced degree........................................... 779 765 1,150 1,751 2,786 4,072

Hispanic or Latino women

Total, 25 years and over........................................ 8,171 500 628 847 1,247 1,866

Less than a high school diploma............................ 1,085 398 507 615 720 881

High school graduates, no college1

......................... 2,312 474 595 726 947 1,254

Some college or associate degree.......................... 2,104 526 652 878 1,146 1,507

Bachelor’s degree and higher2............................... 2,671 646 875 1,259 1,826 2,614

Bachelor’s degree only..................................... 1,796 611 779 1,150 1,661 2,395

Advanced degree........................................... 875 799 1,043 1,511 2,096 2,905

1

Includes persons with a high school diploma or equivalent.

2

Includes persons with bachelor’s, master’s, professional, and doctoral degrees.

NOTE: Ten percent of all full-time wage and salary workers earn less than the upper limit of the first decile; 25 percent earn less than the upper limit

of the first quartile; 50 percent earn less than the upper limit of the second quartile, or median; 75 percent earn less than the upper limit of the third

quartile; and 90 percent earn less than the upper limit of the ninth decile. Estimates for the above race groups (White, Black or African American, and

Asian) do not sum to totals because data are not presented for all races. Persons whose ethnicity is identified as Hispanic or Latino may be of any

race. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.