For release 10:00 a.m. (EDT) Wednesday, August 10, 2011 USDL-11-1187

Technical information: (202) 691-5870 • JoltsInfo@bls.gov • www.bls.gov/jlt 

Media contact: (202) 691-5902 • PressOffice@bls.gov 

JOB OPENINGS AND LABOR TURNOVER – JUNE 2011

There were 3.1 million job openings on the last business day of June, the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics 

reported today. The hires rate (3.1 percent) and separations rate (3.1 percent) were again little changed 

over the month. This release includes estimates of the number and rate of job openings, hires, and 

separations for the total nonfarm sector by industry and by geographic region. 

Job Openings

The number of job openings in June was 3.1 million, essentially unchanged from May. (See table 1.) 

Although the number of job openings in June was 997,000 higher than in July 2009 (the series trough), it 

has been relatively flat since February 2011 and remains well below the 4.4 million openings when the 

recession began in December 2007. 

The number of job openings in June (not seasonally adjusted) rose from a year earlier for total nonfarm 

and total private. The number of job openings increased in mining and logging, retail trade, professional 

and business services, and health care and social assistance. Job openings decreased over the year for

federal government. (See table 5.) Over the year comparisons for federal government are impacted by

last year’s elevated numbers of job openings, hires, and separations of temporary workers needed to 

conduct the 2010 Census. 

1.0

1.2

1.4

1.6

1.8

2.0

2.2

2.4

2.6

2.8

3.0

3.2

3.4

3.6

Percent

2009 2010 2011

Chart 1. Job openings rate, seasonally adjusted,

July 2008 - June 2011

NOTE: The shaded area represents the recession that began in Dec. 2007 and ended in June 2009

as designated by the National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER). 

2.0

2.2

2.4

2.6

2.8

3.0

3.2

3.4

3.6

3.8

4.0

Hires

Separations

Percent

2009 2010 2011

Chart 2. Hires and separations rates, seasonally adjusted,

July 2008 - June 2011

NOTE: The shaded area represents the recession that began in Dec. 2007 and ended in June 2009

as designated by the National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER). 
- 2 - 

Table A. Job openings, hires, and total separations by industry, seasonally adjusted

Industry June May June June May June June May June

2010 2011 2011p 2010 2011 2011p 2010 2011 2011p

Total ...................................................... 2,685 3,034 3,109 3,952 4,129 4,051 4,173 4,145 4,016

Total private 1..........................................2,370 2,725 2,794 3,660 3,870 3,796 3,620 3,844 3,716

Construction.......................................... 72 100 66 267 371 365 307 376 378

Manufacturing....................................... 197 211 211 251 263 246 250 272 250

Trade, transportation, and utilities 2............ 410 484 498 811 804 790 830 799 780

Retail trade..................................... 266 276 325 551 557 542 565 562 531

Professional and business services............ 468 615 664 792 902 841 724 892 800

Education and health services.................. 486 594 584 497 480 479 467 450 461

Leisure and hospitality ........................... 313 298 334 639 629 696 617 652 661

Arts, entertainment, and recreation......... 68 34 50 126 111 108 106 123 102

Accommodation and food services......... 245 264 284 513 517 588 510 528 559

Government 3..................................... 315 309 316 292 259 255 554 301 301

 State and local government..................... 229 261 264 240 232 232 272 271 266

Total ...................................................... 2.0 2.3 2.3 3.0 3.2 3.1 3.2 3.2 3.1

Total private 1.......................................... 2.2 2.4 2.5 3.4 3.6 3.5 3.4 3.5 3.4

Construction.......................................... 1.3 1.8 1.2 4.8 6.7 6.6 5.6 6.8 6.9

Manufacturing....................................... 1.7 1.8 1.8 2.2 2.2 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.1

Trade, transportation, and utilities 2............ 1.6 1.9 2.0 3.3 3.2 3.2 3.4 3.2 3.1

Retail trade.................................... 1.8 1.9 2.2 3.8 3.8 3.7 3.9 3.9 3.7

Professional and business services............2.7 3.5 3.7 4.7 5.3 4.9 4.3 5.2 4.7

Education and health services.................. 2.4 2.9 2.8 2.5 2.4 2.4 2.4 2.3 2.3

Leisure and hospitality ........................... 2.4 2.2 2.5 4.9 4.8 5.3 4.7 4.9 5.0

Arts, entertainment, and recreation......... 3.4 1.8 2.6 6.6 5.9 5.7 5.5 6.6 5.4

Accommodation and food services......... 2.2 2.3 2.4 4.6 4.6 5.2 4.6 4.7 4.9

Government 3..................................... 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.3 1.2 1.2 2.4 1.4 1.4

 State and local government..................... 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.4 1.4 1.4

 1 Includes mining and logging, information, financial activities, and other services, not shown separately.

 2 Includes wholesale trade and transportation, warehousing, and utilities, not shown separately.

 3 Includes federal government, not shown separately.

 p = Preliminary

Rates (percent)

Job openings Hires Total separations

Levels (in thousands)

Hires

In June, the hires rate was about unchanged at 3.1 percent for total nonfarm. The hires rate was also 

essentially unchanged for all industries and regions. (See table 2.) At 4.1 million in June, the number of 

hires is up from 3.6 million in October 2009 (the series trough) but remains below the 5.0 million hires 

when the recession began in December 2007. 

Over the past 12 months, the hires rate (not seasonally adjusted) rose in construction, information, and 

accommodation and food services. The hires rate fell in finance and insurance and in federal government

over the year. (See table 6.) 

Separations 

The total separations figure includes voluntary quits, involuntary layoffs and discharges, and other 

separations, including retirements. Total separations is also referred to as turnover.
- 3 - 

The seasonally adjusted total separations rate was essentially unchanged in June for total nonfarm (3.1

percent), total private (3.4 percent), and government (1.4 percent). (See table 3.) Over the year, the total 

separations rate (not seasonally adjusted) was essentially unchanged for total nonfarm and total private

but decreased for government. (See table 7.) 

The quits rate can serve as a measure of workers’ willingness or ability to change jobs. In June, the quits 

rate was essentially unchanged for total nonfarm (1.5 percent), total private (1.7 percent), and 

government (0.5 percent). (See table 4.) Although the number of quits rose from 1.5 million in January 

2010 (the most recent trough) to 1.9 million in June 2011, the number remained below the 2.8 million 

quits when the recession began in December 2007. 

 

The number of quits (not seasonally adjusted) in June 2011 was essentially unchanged from 12 months 

earlier for total nonfarm, total private, and government. Educational services experienced an increase in 

the number of quits over the year, while the finance and insurance industry and federal government 

experienced a decline. In the regions, the number of quits rose in the Midwest but was little changed in 

the other three regions. (See table 8.) 

The layoffs and discharges component of total separations is seasonally adjusted only at the total 

nonfarm, total private, and government levels. The layoffs and discharges rate was little changed in June 

for total nonfarm, total private, and government. The number of layoffs and discharges for total nonfarm 

was 1.8 million in June, up slightly from the recent low point of 1.5 million in January 2011, but still 

well below the peak of 2.5 million in February 2009. (See table B below.)

The layoffs and discharges level (not seasonally adjusted) declined over the 12 months ending in June 

for government. The level decreased over the year for federal government, returning to a more typical 

level after a large number of layoffs in June 2010 of temporary Census workers. The number of layoffs 

and discharges was little changed in all four regions over the year. (See table 9.) 

Table B. Layoffs and discharges, seasonally adjusted

June May June June May June

2010 2011 2011p 2010 2011 2011p

Total............................................................... 2,024 1,837 1,791 1.6 1.4 1.4

Total private................................................... 1,674 1,724 1,673 1.6 1.6 1.5

Government................................................... 351 113 118 1.5 0.5 0.5

 p = Preliminary

Industry

Levels (in thousands) Rates (percent)

The other separations series is not seasonally adjusted. In June, there were 394,000 other separations for 

total nonfarm, 259,000 for total private, and 135,000 for government. Compared to June 2010, the 

number of other separations was little changed for total nonfarm, total private, and government. (See 

table 10.)

Relative Contributions to Separations 

The total separations level is influenced by the relative contribution of its three components—quits, 

layoffs and discharges, and other separations. The percentage of total separations attributable to the 

individual components has varied over time at the total nonfarm level, but for the majority of the months 

since the series began in December 2000, the proportion of quits has exceeded the proportion of layoffs 
- 4 - 

and discharges. Other separations is historically a very small portion of total separations; it has rarely 

been above 10 percent of total separations. 

The proportions of quits and layoffs and discharges were last equal in November 2010. Since then, the 

proportion of quits has trended upward, again exceeding the proportion of layoffs and discharges. In 

June, the proportion of quits for total nonfarm was 48 percent and the proportion of layoffs and 

discharges was 45 percent. The proportions were the same for total private with 48 percent quits and 45 

percent layoffs and discharges. For government, the proportions were 39 percent quits and 39 percent 

layoffs and discharges. (See table C below.)

Net Change in Employment

Over the 12 months ending in June, not seasonally adjusted data totaled 47.7 million hires and 46.7 

million separations, yielding a net employment gain of 1.0 million. These figures include workers who 

may have been hired and separated more than once during the year. Nearly half of the hires and nearly 

half of the separations during these 12 months occurred in three industries: retail trade; professional and 

business services; and accommodation and food services. The large share of total hires and separations 

accounted for by these three industries reflects the size of the industries as well as their relatively high 

hires and separations rates. 

The Job Openings and Labor Turnover Survey results for July 2011 are scheduled to be released

on Wednesday, September 7, 2011 at 10:00 a.m. (EDT). 

Table C. Quits and layoffs and discharges as a percentage of total separations, seasonally adjusted

(Levels in thousands)

Level

Portion 

of total Level

Portion 

of total Level

Portion 

of total Level

Portion 

of total Level

Portion 

of total Level

Portion 

of total

Total .................................... 1,847 44% 2,000 48% 1,917 48% 2,024 49% 1,837 44% 1,791 45%

Total private...........................1,714 47% 1,877 49% 1,799 48% 1,674 46% 1,724 45% 1,673 45%

Government ........................ 133 24% 123 41% 117 39% 351 63% 113 38% 118 39%

 p = Preliminary

Industry

Quits Layoffs and discharges

June

2010

May

2011

June

2011p

June

2010

May

2011

June

2011p
Technical Note

 The data for the Job Openings and Labor Turnover 

Survey (JOLTS) are collected and compiled monthly 

from a sample of business establishments by the 

Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS).

Collection

 In a monthly survey of business establishments, data 

are collected for total employment, job openings, hires, 

quits, layoffs and discharges, and other separations. 

Data collection methods include computer-assisted 

telephone interviewing, touchtone data entry, web, fax, 

e-mail, and mail.

Coverage

 The JOLTS program covers all private nonfarm establishments such as factories, offices, and stores, as well 

as federal, state, and local government entities in the 50 

states and the District of Columbia.

Concepts

 Industry classification. The industry classifications 

in this release are in accordance with the 2007 version 

of the North American Industry Classification System 

(NAICS). In order to ensure the highest possible quality of data, State Workforce Agencies verify with 

employers and update, if necessary, the industry code, 

location, and ownership classification of all establishments on a 3-year cycle. Changes in establishment 

characteristics resulting from the verification process 

are always introduced into the JOLTS sampling frame

with the data reported for the first month of the year.

 Employment. Employment includes persons on the 

payroll who worked or received pay for the pay period 

that includes the 12th day of the reference month. Fulltime, part-time, permanent, short-term, seasonal, salaried, and hourly employees are included, as are employees on paid vacations or other paid leave. 

Proprietors or partners of unincorporated businesses, 

unpaid family workers, or persons on leave without pay 

or on strike for the entire pay period, are not counted as 

employed. Employees of temporary help agencies, employee leasing companies, outside contractors, and 

consultants are counted by their employer of record, 

not by the establishment where they are working.

 Job openings. Establishments submit job openings 

information for the last business day of the reference 

month. A job opening requires that: 1) a specific position exists and there is work available for that position, 

2) work could start within 30 days regardless of 

whether a suitable candidate is found, and 3) the 

employer is actively recruiting from outside the 

establishment to fill the position. Included are fulltime, part-time, permanent, short-term, and seasonal 

openings. Active recruiting means that the establishment is taking steps to fill a position by advertising in 

newspapers or on the Internet, posting help-wanted 

signs, accepting applications, or using other similar 

methods.

 Jobs to be filled only by internal transfers, promotions, demotions, or recall from layoffs are excluded. 

Also excluded are jobs with start dates more than 30 

days in the future, jobs for which employees have been 

hired but have not yet reported for work, and jobs to be 

filled by employees of temporary help agencies, employee leasing companies, outside contractors, or 

consultants. The job openings rate is computed by 

dividing the number of job openings by the sum of 

employment and job openings and multiplying that 

quotient by 100.

 Hires. Hires are the total number of additions to the 

payroll occurring at any time during the reference 

month, including both new and rehired employees, fulltime and part-time, permanent, short-term and seasonal 

employees, employees recalled to the location after a 

layoff lasting more than 7 days, on-call or intermittent 

employees who returned to work after having been 

formally separated, and transfers from other locations. 

The hires count does not include transfers or promotions within the reporting site, employees returning 

from strike, employees of temporary help agencies or 

employee leasing companies, outside contractors, or 

consultants. The hires rate is computed by dividing the 

number of hires by employment and multiplying that 

quotient by 100.

 Separations. Separations are the total number of 

terminations of employment occurring at any time 

during the reference month, and are reported by type of 

separation—quits, layoffs and discharges, and other 

separations. Quits are voluntary separations by employees (except for retirements, which are reported as 

other separations). Layoffs and discharges are involuntary separations initiated by the employer and 

include layoffs with no intent to rehire; formal layoffs 

lasting or expected to last more than 7 days; discharges 

resulting from mergers, downsizing, or closings; firings 

or other discharges for cause; terminations of permanent or short-term employees; and terminations of 

seasonal employees. Other separations include retirements, transfers to other locations, deaths, and separations due to disability. Separations do not include 

transfers within the same location or employees on 

strike.
 The separations rate is computed by dividing the 

number of separations by employment and multiplying 

that quotient by 100. The quits, layoffs and discharges, 

and other separations rates are computed similarly, 

dividing the number by employment and multiplying 

by 100.

 Annual estimates. Annual estimates of rates and 

levels of hires, quits, layoffs and discharges, other separations, and total separations are released with the 

January news release each year.

 The JOLTS annual level estimates for hires, quits, 

layoffs and discharges, other separations, and total 

separations are the sum of the 12 published monthly 

levels. The annual rate estimates are computed by 

dividing the annual level by the Current Employment 

Statistics (CES) annual average employment level, and 

multiplying that quotient by 100. This figure will be 

approximately equal to the sum of the 12 monthly 

rates. Note that both the JOLTS and CES annual levels 

are rounded to the nearest thousand before the annual 

estimates are calculated. Consistent with BLS practices, annual estimates are published only for not seasonally adjusted data.

 Annual estimates are not calculated for job openings 

because job openings are a stock, or point-in-time, 

measurement for the last business day of each month. 

Only jobs still open on the last day of the month are 

counted. For the same reason job openings cannot be 

cumulated throughout each month, annual figures for 

job openings cannot be created by summing the 

monthly estimates. Hires and separations are flow 

measures and are cumulated over the month with a 

total reported for the month. Therefore, the annual figures can be created by summing the monthly estimates.

Special collection procedures

 An implied measure of employment change can be 

derived from the JOLTS data by subtracting separations from hires for a given month. Aggregating 

these monthly changes historically produced employment levels that overstated employment change as 

measured by CES at the total nonfarm level. Research 

into this problem showed that a significant amount of 

the divergence between the CES employment levels 

and the derived JOLTS employment levels was traceable to the Employment Services industry and to the 

State Government Education industry. In the former 

industry, businesses have a difficult time reporting 

hires and separations of temporary help workers. In 

the latter industry, employers have difficulty reporting 

hires and separations of student workers. BLS now devotes additional resources to the collection, editing, and 

review of data for these industries. BLS analysts more 

closely examine reported data that do not provide a 

consistent picture over time, and re-contact the 

respondents as necessary. Analysts work with the 

respondents to adjust their reporting practices as 

possible. Units that cannot be reconciled but are clearly incorrect on a consistent basis are not used; they are 

replaced by imputed values using standard techniques.

Sample and estimation methodology

 The JOLTS survey design is a random sample of 

16,000 nonfarm business establishments, including 

factories, offices, and stores, as well as federal, state, 

and local governments in the 50 states and the District 

of Columbia. The establishments are drawn from a 

universe of over 9.1 million establishments compiled 

as part of the operations of the Quarterly Census of 

Employment and Wages (QCEW) program. This 

program includes all employers subject to state 

Unemployment Insurance (UI) laws and federal 

agencies subject to Unemployment Compensation for 

Federal Employees (UCFE).

 The sampling frame is stratified by ownership, region, 

industry sector, and size class. The JOLTS sample is 

constructed from individual panels of sample units 

drawn on an annual basis. The full annual sample consists of one certainty panel composed of only large 

units selected with virtual certainty based on their size 

and 24 non-certainty panels. Each month a new noncertainty panel is rolled into collection, and the oldest 

non-certainty panel is rolled out. This means that at 

any given time the JOLTS sample is constructed from 

panels from three different annual sampling frames. 

The entire sample of old plus new panels is poststratified and re-weighted annually to represent the 

most recent sampling frame. Additionally, the out-ofbusiness establishments are removed from the old 

panels. The annual sample is supplemented with a 

quarterly sample of birth establishments (i.e., new 

establishments) to better reflect the impact of younger 

establishments in the JOLTS sample.

 JOLTS total employment estimates are benchmarked 

monthly to the employment estimates of the Current 

Employment Statistics (CES) survey. A ratio of CES 

to JOLTS employment is used to adjust the levels for 

all other JOLTS data elements. 

JOLTS business birth/death model

 As with any sample survey, the JOLTS sample can 

only be as current as its sampling frame. The time lag 

from the birth of an establishment until its appearance 

on the sampling frame is approximately one year. In 

addition, many of these new units may fail within the 

first year. Since these universe units cannot be reflected on the sampling frame immediately, the JOLTS 

sample cannot capture job openings, hires, and sepa-
rations from these units during their early existence. 

BLS has developed a model to estimate birth/death 

activity for current months by examining the birth/

death activity from previous years on the QCEW and 

projecting forward to the present using an econometric 

technique known as X-12 ARIMA modeling. The 

birth/death model also uses historical JOLTS data to 

estimate the amount of “churn” (hires and separations) 

that exists in establishments of various sizes. The 

model then combines the estimated churn with the 

projected employment change to estimate the number 

of hires and separations taking place in these units that 

cannot be measured through sampling. 

 The model-based estimate of total separations is 

distributed to the three components—quits; layoffs and 

discharges; and other separations—in proportion to 

their contribution to the sample-based estimate of total 

separations. Additionally, job openings for the modeled units are estimated by computing the ratio of 

openings to hires in the collected data and applying that 

ratio to the modeled hires. The estimates of job openings, hires, and separations produced by the birth/death 

model are then added to the sample-based estimates 

produced from the survey to arrive at the estimates for 

openings, hires, and separations.

Seasonal adjustment

 BLS seasonally adjusts several JOLTS series using 

the X-12 ARIMA seasonal adjustment program. 

Seasonal adjustment is the process of estimating and 

removing periodic fluctuations caused by events such 

as weather, holidays, and the beginning and ending of 

the school year. Seasonal adjustment makes it easier to 

observe fundamental changes in the level of the series, 

particularly those associated with general economic 

expansions and contractions. A concurrent seasonal 

adjustment methodology is used in which new seasonal 

adjustment factors are calculated each month, using all 

relevant data, up to and including the data for the 

current month.

 JOLTS uses moving averages as seasonal filters in 

seasonal adjustment. JOLTS seasonal adjustment includes both additive and multiplicative seasonal adjustment models and REGARIMA (regression with autocorrelated errors) modeling to improve the seasonal 

adjustment factors at the beginning and end of the 

series and to detect and adjust for outliers in the series.

Alignment procedure

 JOLTS hires minus separations should be comparable 

to the CES net employment change. However, definitional differences as well as sampling and nonsampling errors between the two surveys historically 

caused JOLTS to diverge from CES over time. To limit 

the divergence, and improve the quality of the JOLTS 

hires and separations series, BLS implemented the 

Monthly Alignment Method. The Monthly Alignment Method applies the CES employment trends to 

the seasonally adjusted JOLTS implied employment 

trend (hires minus separations) forcing them to be 

approximately the same, while preserving the seasonality of the JOLTS data. First, the two series are 

seasonally adjusted and the difference between the 

JOLTS implied employment trend and the CES net 

employment change is calculated. Next, the JOLTS 

implied employment trend is adjusted to equal the CES 

net employment change through a proportional adjustment. This proportional adjustment procedure adjusts 

the two components (hires, separations) proportionally 

to their contribution to the total churn (hires plus separations). For example, if hires are 40 percent of the 

churn for a given month, they will receive 40 percent 

of the needed adjustment and separations will receive 

60 percent of the needed adjustment. The adjusted hires 

and separations are converted back to not seasonally 

adjusted data by reversing the application of the original seasonal factors. After the Monthly Alignment 

Method has been used to adjust the level estimates, rate 

estimates are computed from the adjusted levels. The 

monthly alignment procedure assures a close match of 

the JOLTS implied employment trend with the CES 

trend. The CES series is considered a highly accurate 

measure of net employment change owing to its very 

large sample size and annual benchmarking to universe 

counts of employment from the QCEW program.

Using JOLTS data

 The JOLTS data series on job openings, hires, and 

separations are relatively new. The full sample is divided into panels, with one panel enrolled each month. 

A full complement of panels for the original data series 

based on the 1987 Standard Industrial Classification 

(SIC) system was not completely enrolled in the survey 

until January 2002. The supplemental panels of establishments needed to create NAICS estimates were not 

completely enrolled until May 2003. The data collected up until those points are from less than a full 

sample. Therefore, estimates from earlier months 

should be used with caution, as fewer sampled units 

were reporting data at that time.

 In March 2002, BLS procedures for collecting hires 

and separations data were revised to address possible 

underreporting. As a result, JOLTS hires and separations estimates for months prior to March 2002 may 

not be comparable to estimates for March 2002 and 

later.

 The federal government reorganization that involved 

transferring approximately 180,000 employees to the 

new Department of Homeland Security is not reflected 

in the JOLTS hires and separations estimates for the 
federal government. The Office of Personnel Management's record shows these transfers were completed in 

March 2003. The inclusion of transfers in the JOLTS 

definitions of hires and separations is intended to cover 

ongoing movements of workers between establishments. The Department of Homeland Security reorganization was a massive one-time event, and the 

inclusion of these intergovernmental transfers would 

distort the federal government time series.

Reliability of the estimates

 JOLTS estimates are subject to both sampling and 

nonsampling error. When a sample rather than the entire population is surveyed, there is a chance that the 

sample estimates may differ from the "true" population 

values they represent. The exact difference, or sampling error, varies depending on the particular sample 

selected, and this variability is measured by the standard error of the estimate. BLS analysis is generally 

conducted at the 90-percent level of confidence. That 

means that there is a 90-percent chance, or level of 

confidence, that an estimate based on a sample will 

differ by no more than 1.6 standard errors from the 

"true" population value because of sampling error. 

Estimates of sampling errors are available upon request.

 The JOLTS estimates also are affected by nonsampling error. Nonsampling error can occur for many 

reasons, including the failure to include a segment of 

the population, the inability to obtain data from all 

units in the sample, the inability or unwillingness of 

respondents to provide data on a timely basis, mistakes 

made by respondents, errors made in the collection or 

processing of the data, and errors from the employment 

benchmark data used in estimation.

Other information

 Information in this release will be made available to 

sensory impaired individuals upon request. Voice 

phone: (202) 691-5200; Federal Relay Service: (800) 

877-8339.
Table 1. Job openings levels 1

 and rates 2 by industry and region, seasonally adjusted

June Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May June June Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May June

2010 2011 2011 2011 2011 2011 2011p 2010 2011 2011 2011 2011 2011 2011p

Total ................................................... 2,685 2,741 3,025 3,123 2,953 3,034 3,109 2.0 2.1 2.3 2.3 2.2 2.3 2.3

INDUSTRY

Total private 4.......................................2,370 2,418 2,695 2,793 2,635 2,725 2,794 2.2 2.2 2.4 2.5 2.4 2.4 2.5

Construction.................................... 72 60 55 68 90 100 66 1.3 1.1 1.0 1.2 1.6 1.8 1.2

Manufacturing................................. 197 207 209 235 226 211 211 1.7 1.7 1.8 2.0 1.9 1.8 1.8

Trade, transportation, and utilities 5...... 410 470 448 472 524 484 498 1.6 1.9 1.8 1.9 2.1 1.9 2.0

Retail trade................................. 266 263 232 254 312 276 325 1.8 1.8 1.6 1.7 2.1 1.9 2.2

Professional and business services...... 468 459 606 613 497 615 664 2.7 2.6 3.4 3.5 2.8 3.5 3.7

Education and health services............ 486 482 553 609 550 594 584 2.4 2.4 2.7 3.0 2.7 2.9 2.8

Leisure and hospitality ..................... 313 301 378 340 305 298 334 2.4 2.3 2.8 2.5 2.3 2.2 2.5

Arts, entertainment, and recreation... 68 39 48 41 36 34 50 3.4 2.0 2.5 2.1 1.9 1.8 2.6

Accommodation and food services... 245 262 330 299 269 264 284 2.2 2.3 2.9 2.6 2.3 2.3 2.4

Government 6....................................... 315 323 330 331 319 309 316 1.4 1.4 1.5 1.5 1.4 1.4 1.4

State and local government............... 229 259 260 274 268 261 264 1.2 1.3 1.3 1.4 1.4 1.3 1.4

REGION 7

Northeast ....................................... 557 492 594 675 531 586 535 2.2 1.9 2.3 2.6 2.1 2.3 2.1

South ............................................. 935 960 1,082 1,082 985 1,087 1,088 1.9 2.0 2.2 2.2 2.0 2.2 2.2

Midwest .......................................... 527 513 630 672 664 730 719 1.8 1.7 2.1 2.2 2.2 2.4 2.4

West ............................................. 610 573 715 752 681 719 754 2.1 2.0 2.4 2.5 2.3 2.4 2.6

1

 Job openings are the number of job openings on the last business day of the 7

 The States (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the 

month. regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New 2 The job openings rate is the number of job openings on the last business day Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and 

of the month as a percent of total employment plus job openings. Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, 

 3 Detail will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North 

adjustment of the various series and because not all series are shown. Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and 

 4 Includes mining and logging, information, financial activities, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, 

other services, not shown separately. Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and 

 5 Includes wholesale trade and transportation, warehousing, and utilities, not Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, 

shown separately. Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and 

 6 Includes federal government, not shown separately. Wyoming.

 p = Preliminary

Table 2. Hires levels 1 and rates 2 by industry and region, seasonally adjusted

June Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May June June Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May June

2010 2011 2011 2011 2011 2011 2011p 2010 2011 2011 2011 2011 2011 2011p

Total ................................................... 3,952 3,769 3,986 4,067 4,001 4,129 4,051 3.0 2.9 3.1 3.1 3.1 3.2 3.1

INDUSTRY

Total private 4.......................................3,660 3,494 3,729 3,807 3,733 3,870 3,796 3.4 3.2 3.4 3.5 3.4 3.6 3.5

Construction.................................... 267 254 369 338 355 371 365 4.8 4.6 6.7 6.1 6.4 6.7 6.6

Manufacturing................................. 251 246 250 269 257 263 246 2.2 2.1 2.1 2.3 2.2 2.2 2.1

Trade, transportation, and utilities 5...... 811 783 816 803 791 804 790 3.3 3.2 3.3 3.2 3.2 3.2 3.2

Retail trade................................. 551 536 547 553 556 557 542 3.8 3.7 3.8 3.8 3.8 3.8 3.7

Professional and business services...... 792 810 791 840 831 902 841 4.7 4.8 4.7 4.9 4.9 5.3 4.9

Education and health services............ 497 437 468 470 468 480 479 2.5 2.2 2.4 2.4 2.4 2.4 2.4

Leisure and hospitality ..................... 639 588 632 681 653 629 696 4.9 4.5 4.8 5.2 4.9 4.8 5.3

Arts, entertainment, and recreation... 126 84 101 120 107 111 108 6.6 4.5 5.3 6.3 5.6 5.9 5.7

Accommodation and food services... 513 504 531 560 546 517 588 4.6 4.5 4.7 5.0 4.8 4.6 5.2

Government 6....................................... 292 275 257 260 269 259 255 1.3 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2

State and local government............... 240 242 218 229 244 232 232 1.2 1.3 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.2 1.2

REGION 7

Northeast ....................................... 699 633 646 717 695 675 685 2.8 2.5 2.6 2.9 2.8 2.7 2.7

South .............................................1,416 1,412 1,466 1,535 1,471 1,643 1,515 3.0 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.1 3.5 3.2

Midwest .......................................... 935 920 901 862 941 890 884 3.2 3.1 3.0 2.9 3.2 3.0 3.0

West ............................................. 886 939 862 851 864 826 891 3.1 3.3 3.0 3.0 3.0 2.9 3.1

 1 Hires are the number of hires during the entire month. 5

 Includes wholesale trade and transportation, warehousing, and utilities, 2 The hires rate is the number of hires during the entire month as a percent of not shown separately.

total employment. 6

 Includes federal government, not shown separately. 3

 Detail will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal 7 See footnote 7, table 1. 

adjustment of the various series and because not all series are shown. p

 = Preliminary 4

 Includes mining and logging, information, financial activities, and 

other services, not shown separately.

Industry and region

Industry and region

Levels Rates 3

 (in thousands)

Levels 3

 (in thousands) Rates
Table 3. Total separations levels 1

 and rates 2 by industry and region, seasonally adjusted

June Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May June June Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May June

2010 2011 2011 2011 2011 2011 2011p 2010 2011 2011 2011 2011 2011 2011p

Total ................................................... 4,173 3,612 3,825 3,805 3,833 4,145 4,016 3.2 2.8 2.9 2.9 2.9 3.2 3.1

INDUSTRY

Total private 4.................................... 3,620 3,337 3,538 3,534 3,528 3,844 3,716 3.4 3.1 3.3 3.3 3.2 3.5 3.4

Construction.................................... 307 281 324 334 357 376 378 5.6 5.1 5.9 6.0 6.5 6.8 6.9

Manufacturing................................. 250 184 234 245 241 272 250 2.2 1.6 2.0 2.1 2.1 2.3 2.1

Trade, transportation, and utilities 5...... 830 769 800 772 725 799 780 3.4 3.1 3.2 3.1 2.9 3.2 3.1

Retail trade................................. 565 527 549 541 511 562 531 3.9 3.6 3.8 3.7 3.5 3.9 3.7

Professional and business services...... 724 756 760 719 785 892 800 4.3 4.5 4.5 4.2 4.6 5.2 4.7

Education and health services............ 467 394 441 429 428 450 461 2.4 2.0 2.2 2.2 2.1 2.3 2.3

Leisure and hospitality ..................... 617 596 582 650 621 652 661 4.7 4.6 4.4 4.9 4.7 4.9 5.0

Arts, entertainment, and recreation... 106 92 86 122 109 123 102 5.5 4.9 4.6 6.4 5.7 6.6 5.4

Accommodation and food services... 510 505 495 528 512 528 559 4.6 4.5 4.4 4.7 4.5 4.7 4.9

Government 6.................................... 554 275 287 271 304 301 301 2.4 1.2 1.3 1.2 1.4 1.4 1.4

State and local government............... 272 245 255 247 278 271 266 1.4 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.4 1.4 1.4

REGION 7

Northeast....................................... 703 569 703 649 763 757 642 2.8 2.3 2.8 2.6 3.1 3.0 2.6

South............................................. 1,511 1,499 1,451 1,519 1,402 1,528 1,454 3.2 3.2 3.1 3.2 3.0 3.2 3.1

Midwest.......................................... 919 912 830 912 947 942 921 3.1 3.1 2.8 3.1 3.2 3.2 3.1

West............................................. 866 817 857 872 898 974 914 3.0 2.9 3.0 3.0 3.1 3.4 3.2

 1 Total separations are the number of total separations during the entire 5

 Includes wholesale trade and transportation, warehousing, and utilities, 

month. not shown separately. 2 The total separations rate is the number of total separations during the 6

 Includes federal government, not shown separately.

entire month as a percent of total employment. 7

 See footnote 7, table 1. 3

 Detail will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent p = Preliminary

seasonal adjustment of the various series and because not all series are shown. 4

 Includes mining and logging, information, financial activities, 

and other services, not shown separately.

Table 4. Quits levels 1 and rates 2 by industry and region, seasonally adjusted

June Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May June June Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May June

2010 2011 2011 2011 2011 2011 2011p 2010 2011 2011 2011 2011 2011 2011p

Total ................................................... 1,847 1,679 1,910 1,924 1,887 2,000 1,917 1.4 1.3 1.5 1.5 1.4 1.5 1.5

INDUSTRY

Total private 4.................................... 1,714 1,572 1,793 1,820 1,771 1,877 1,799 1.6 1.5 1.7 1.7 1.6 1.7 1.7

Construction.................................... 66 56 62 72 91 92 81 1.2 1.0 1.1 1.3 1.7 1.7 1.5

Manufacturing................................. 99 83 94 115 105 109 106 .9 .7 .8 1.0 .9 .9 .9

Trade, transportation, and utilities 5...... 411 338 442 443 410 463 445 1.7 1.4 1.8 1.8 1.6 1.9 1.8

Retail trade................................. 307 240 317 342 315 351 346 2.1 1.7 2.2 2.4 2.2 2.4 2.4

Professional and business services...... 332 361 396 357 360 372 332 2.0 2.1 2.3 2.1 2.1 2.2 1.9

Education and health services............ 249 206 241 251 239 253 267 1.3 1.0 1.2 1.3 1.2 1.3 1.3

Leisure and hospitality ..................... 347 352 353 382 386 388 393 2.7 2.7 2.7 2.9 2.9 2.9 3.0

Arts, entertainment, and recreation... 26 28 37 46 42 45 42 1.3 1.5 1.9 2.4 2.2 2.4 2.2

Accommodation and food services... 321 324 317 337 344 343 351 2.9 2.9 2.8 3.0 3.0 3.0 3.1

Government 6.................................... 133 107 117 104 117 123 117 .6 .5 .5 .5 .5 .6 .5

State and local government............... 105 100 108 97 108 114 107 .5 .5 .6 .5 .6 .6 .6

REGION 7

Northeast....................................... 300 214 335 293 266 330 287 1.2 .9 1.3 1.2 1.1 1.3 1.1

South............................................. 740 656 779 779 741 816 757 1.6 1.4 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.7 1.6

Midwest.......................................... 417 368 455 437 456 484 476 1.4 1.2 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.6 1.6

West............................................. 397 366 447 455 400 460 417 1.4 1.3 1.6 1.6 1.4 1.6 1.4

 1 Quits are the number of quits during the entire month. 5

 Includes wholesale trade and transportation, warehousing, and utilities, 2 The quits rate is the number of quits during the entire month as a not shown separately.

percent of total employment. 6

 Includes federal government, not shown separately. 3

 Detail will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent 7 See footnote 7, table 1. 

seasonal adjustment of the various series and because not all series are shown. p

 = Preliminary 4

 Includes mining and logging, information, financial activities, 

and other services, not shown separately.

Industry and region

Industry and region

Levels 3

 (in thousands) Rates

Levels 3

 (in thousands) Rates
Table 5. Job openings levels 1

 and rates 2 by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted

June May June June May June

2010 2011 2011p 2010 2011 2011p

Total............................................................ 2,647 3,076 3,109 2.0 2.3 2.3

INDUSTRY

Total private................................................ 2,322 2,769 2,777 2.1 2.5 2.5

Mining and logging.................................... 15 22 23 2.1 2.7 2.8

Construction............................................. 76 116 69 1.3 2.0 1.2

Manufacturing.......................................... 205 221 220 1.7 1.9 1.8

Durable goods....................................... 140 151 164 1.9 2.0 2.2

Nondurable goods.................................... 65 70 56 1.4 1.6 1.2

Trade, transportation, and utilities.................. 415 490 519 1.7 1.9 2.0

Wholesale trade....................................... 80 93 85 1.4 1.7 1.5

Retail trade............................................. 261 272 341 1.8 1.8 2.3

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities...... 74 124 93 1.5 2.5 1.9

Information................................................ 56 98 82 2.0 3.5 3.0

Financial activities...................................... 214 183 198 2.7 2.3 2.5

Finance and insurance.............................. 176 134 153 3.0 2.3 2.6

Real estate and rental and leasing............... 37 48 45 1.9 2.4 2.2

Professional and business services............... 439 612 632 2.6 3.4 3.5

Education and health services..................... 462 594 556 2.3 2.9 2.7

Educational services................................. 50 52 56 1.7 1.6 1.8

Health care and social assistance............... 412 542 500 2.5 3.1 2.9

Leisure and hospitality................................. 313 319 348 2.3 2.3 2.5

Arts, entertainment, and recreation............ 66 42 52 2.9 2.1 2.3

Accommodation and food services............ 248 277 296 2.1 2.4 2.5

Other services.......................................... 126 115 130 2.3 2.1 2.3

Government................................................ 326 307 332 1.4 1.3 1.5

Federal................................................... 73 45 42 2.2 1.6 1.5

State and local........................................... 252 262 290 1.3 1.3 1.5

REGION 3

Northeast................................................ 586 567 549 2.3 2.2 2.1

South...................................................... 922 1,083 1,080 1.9 2.2 2.2

Midwest................................................... 523 717 712 1.7 2.3 2.3

West...................................................... 615 709 768 2.1 2.4 2.6

 1 Job openings are the number of job openings on the last business day of the month.

 2 The job openings rate is the number of job openings on the last business day of the month as a percent of total employment 

plus job openings. 3 See footnote 7, table 1.

 p = Preliminary

Industry and region

Levels (in thousands) Rates
Table 6. Hires levels 1

 and rates 2 by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted

June May June June May June

2010 2011 2011p 2010 2011 2011p

Total............................................................ 4,658 4,625 4,812 3.6 3.5 3.6

INDUSTRY

Total private................................................ 4,282 4,356 4,466 4.0 4.0 4.1

Mining and logging.................................... 27 32 36 3.8 4.1 4.5

Construction............................................. 321 461 448 5.6 8.3 7.8

Manufacturing.......................................... 291 303 279 2.5 2.6 2.4

Durable goods....................................... 171 180 172 2.4 2.5 2.3

Nondurable goods.................................... 120 123 108 2.7 2.8 2.4

Trade, transportation, and utilities.................. 842 867 831 3.4 3.5 3.3

Wholesale trade....................................... 118 144 118 2.2 2.6 2.1

Retail trade............................................. 571 601 566 4.0 4.2 3.9

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities...... 153 122 147 3.2 2.5 3.0

Information................................................ 53 61 75 2.0 2.3 2.8

Financial activities...................................... 222 178 188 2.9 2.3 2.5

Finance and insurance.............................. 146 112 107 2.6 2.0 1.9

Real estate and rental and leasing............... 76 66 81 3.9 3.4 4.1

Professional and business services............... 867 987 905 5.2 5.8 5.2

Education and health services..................... 595 458 586 3.1 2.3 3.0

Educational services................................. 88 38 68 3.0 1.2 2.3

Health care and social assistance............... 508 420 518 3.1 2.5 3.1

Leisure and hospitality................................. 806 802 892 5.9 6.0 6.5

Arts, entertainment, and recreation............ 201 165 179 9.3 8.4 8.3

Accommodation and food services............ 606 637 713 5.3 5.6 6.1

Other services.......................................... 255 208 226 4.7 3.8 4.1

Government................................................ 377 270 346 1.7 1.2 1.6

Federal................................................... 62 34 28 1.9 1.2 1.0

State and local........................................... 315 236 318 1.6 1.2 1.7

REGION 3

Northeast................................................ 886 793 910 3.6 3.2 3.6

South...................................................... 1,611 1,764 1,718 3.4 3.7 3.6

Midwest................................................... 1,127 1,108 1,092 3.8 3.7 3.6

West...................................................... 1,035 960 1,093 3.6 3.3 3.8

 1 Hires are the number of hires during the entire month. 2 The hires rate is the number of hires during the entire month as a percent of total employment. 3 See footnote 7, table 1. p = Preliminary

Industry and region

Levels (in thousands) Rates
Table 7. Total separations levels 1

 and rates 2 by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted

June May June June May June

2010 2011 2011p 2010 2011 2011p

Total............................................................ 4,301 3,944 4,205 3.3 3.0 3.2

INDUSTRY

Total private................................................ 3,547 3,603 3,705 3.3 3.3 3.4

Mining and logging.................................... 15 16 20 2.1 2.1 2.5

Construction............................................. 256 322 321 4.5 5.8 5.6

Manufacturing.......................................... 226 246 228 1.9 2.1 1.9

Durable goods....................................... 121 133 127 1.7 1.8 1.7

Nondurable goods.................................... 105 113 101 2.3 2.6 2.3

Trade, transportation, and utilities.................. 783 766 754 3.2 3.1 3.0

Wholesale trade....................................... 104 129 110 1.9 2.3 2.0

Retail trade............................................. 538 544 514 3.7 3.8 3.5

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities...... 141 92 129 3.0 1.9 2.7

Information................................................ 52 58 58 1.9 2.1 2.1

Financial activities...................................... 176 127 153 2.3 1.7 2.0

Finance and insurance.............................. 127 91 101 2.2 1.6 1.8

Real estate and rental and leasing............... 49 37 52 2.5 1.9 2.6

Professional and business services............... 704 833 783 4.2 4.9 4.5

Education and health services..................... 554 439 569 2.9 2.2 2.9

Educational services................................. 110 77 133 3.7 2.4 4.5

Health care and social assistance............... 444 362 435 2.7 2.2 2.6

Leisure and hospitality................................. 604 624 667 4.4 4.6 4.8

Arts, entertainment, and recreation............ 84 107 80 3.9 5.5 3.7

Accommodation and food services............ 520 516 587 4.6 4.5 5.0

Other services.......................................... 177 174 155 3.3 3.2 2.8

Government................................................ 753 341 500 3.3 1.5 2.3

Federal................................................... 279 27 35 8.7 .9 1.2

State and local........................................... 474 314 465 2.4 1.6 2.4

REGION 3

Northeast................................................ 800 638 700 3.2 2.5 2.8

South...................................................... 1,612 1,509 1,547 3.4 3.2 3.2

Midwest................................................... 969 854 976 3.3 2.9 3.3

West...................................................... 919 943 982 3.2 3.3 3.4

 1 Total separations are the number of total separations during the entire month. 2 The total separations rate is the number of total separations during the entire month as a percent of total employment. 3 See footnote 7, table 1. p = Preliminary

Industry and region

Levels (in thousands) Rates
Table 8. Quits levels 1

 and rates 2 by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted

June May June June May June

2010 2011 2011p 2010 2011 2011p

Total............................................................ 2,006 2,068 2,100 1.5 1.6 1.6

INDUSTRY

Total private................................................ 1,823 1,922 1,929 1.7 1.8 1.8

Mining and logging.................................... 8 9 12 1.1 1.2 1.5

Construction............................................. 72 94 89 1.3 1.7 1.5

Manufacturing.......................................... 103 111 111 .9 1.0 .9

Durable goods....................................... 57 59 58 .8 .8 .8

Nondurable goods.................................... 46 53 53 1.0 1.2 1.2

Trade, transportation, and utilities.................. 410 480 454 1.7 1.9 1.8

Wholesale trade....................................... 50 54 35 .9 1.0 .6

Retail trade............................................. 303 374 349 2.1 2.6 2.4

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities...... 58 52 70 1.2 1.1 1.4

Information................................................ 26 33 33 .9 1.2 1.2

Financial activities...................................... 111 75 81 1.4 1.0 1.1

Finance and insurance.............................. 79 52 52 1.4 .9 .9

Real estate and rental and leasing............... 32 23 29 1.6 1.2 1.4

Professional and business services............... 361 386 350 2.1 2.2 2.0

Education and health services..................... 277 247 315 1.4 1.2 1.6

Educational services................................. 34 32 49 1.1 1.0 1.7

Health care and social assistance............... 243 215 266 1.5 1.3 1.6

Leisure and hospitality................................. 361 395 415 2.7 2.9 3.0

Arts, entertainment, and recreation............ 27 46 41 1.2 2.4 1.9

Accommodation and food services............ 334 349 374 2.9 3.0 3.2

Other services.......................................... 97 92 70 1.8 1.7 1.3

Government................................................ 182 146 170 .8 .6 .8

Federal................................................... 29 9 12 .9 .3 .4

State and local........................................... 154 137 158 .8 .7 .8

REGION 3

Northeast................................................ 334 299 318 1.3 1.2 1.3

South...................................................... 781 837 797 1.6 1.8 1.7

Midwest................................................... 439 457 512 1.5 1.5 1.7

West...................................................... 452 475 472 1.6 1.6 1.6

 1 Quits are the number of quits during the entire month. 2 The quits rate is the number of quits during the entire month as a percent of total employment. 3 See footnote 7, table 1. p = Preliminary

Industry and region

Levels (in thousands) Rates
Table 9. Layoffs and discharges levels 1

 and rates 2 by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted

June May June June May June

2010 2011 2011p 2010 2011 2011p

Total............................................................ 1,920 1,566 1,712 1.5 1.2 1.3

INDUSTRY

Total private................................................ 1,476 1,438 1,517 1.4 1.3 1.4

Mining and logging.................................... 4 5 6 .6 .7 .8

Construction............................................. 175 224 221 3.1 4.0 3.9

Manufacturing.......................................... 105 112 95 .9 1.0 .8

Durable goods....................................... 50 60 54 .7 .8 .7

Nondurable goods.................................... 55 52 41 1.2 1.2 .9

Trade, transportation, and utilities.................. 316 203 230 1.3 .8 .9

Wholesale trade....................................... 52 65 62 .9 1.2 1.1

Retail trade............................................. 199 114 126 1.4 .8 .9

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities...... 65 25 42 1.4 .5 .9

Information................................................ 20 22 21 .7 .8 .8

Financial activities...................................... 41 31 50 .5 .4 .7

Finance and insurance.............................. 24 22 32 .4 .4 .6

Real estate and rental and leasing............... 16 9 18 .8 .5 .9

Professional and business services............... 293 403 398 1.7 2.3 2.3

Education and health services..................... 235 154 211 1.2 .8 1.1

Educational services................................. 71 37 74 2.4 1.1 2.5

Health care and social assistance............... 164 117 136 1.0 .7 .8

Leisure and hospitality................................. 223 208 227 1.6 1.6 1.6

Arts, entertainment, and recreation............ 55 58 37 2.5 3.0 1.7

Accommodation and food services............ 169 150 190 1.5 1.3 1.6

Other services.......................................... 63 75 59 1.2 1.4 1.1

Government................................................ 443 128 195 2.0 .6 .9

Federal................................................... 241 8 10 7.5 .3 .4

State and local........................................... 203 120 184 1.0 .6 1.0

REGION 3

Northeast................................................ 382 286 319 1.5 1.1 1.3

South...................................................... 712 573 606 1.5 1.2 1.3

Midwest................................................... 439 324 366 1.5 1.1 1.2

West...................................................... 386 382 420 1.3 1.3 1.4

 1 Layoffs and discharges are the number of layoffs and discharges during the entire month. 2 The layoffs and discharges rate is the number of layoffs and discharges during the entire month as a percent of total 

employment.

 3 See footnote 7, table 1. p = Preliminary

Industry and region

Levels (in thousands) Rates
Table 10. Other separations levels 1

 and rates 2 by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted

June May June June May June

2010 2011 2011p 2010 2011 2011p

Total............................................................ 375 311 394 0.3 0.2 0.3

INDUSTRY

Total private................................................ 247 243 259 .2 .2 .2

Mining and logging.................................... 3 1 2 .4 .2 .2

Construction............................................. 9 4 11 .2 .1 .2

Manufacturing.......................................... 18 23 23 .2 .2 .2

Durable goods....................................... 14 15 15 .2 .2 .2

Nondurable goods.................................... 4 8 8 .1 .2 .2

Trade, transportation, and utilities.................. 57 82 70 .2 .3 .3

Wholesale trade....................................... 2 11 13 (

4

) .2 .2

Retail trade............................................. 37 56 40 .3 .4 .3

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities...... 18 16 17 .4 .3 .3

Information................................................ 6 3 4 .2 .1 .1

Financial activities...................................... 25 22 22 .3 .3 .3

Finance and insurance.............................. 23 16 17 .4 .3 .3

Real estate and rental and leasing............... 1 5 5 .1 .3 .3

Professional and business services............... 50 44 35 .3 .3 .2

Education and health services..................... 42 37 43 .2 .2 .2

Educational services................................. 5 8 10 .2 .3 .3

Health care and social assistance............... 37 29 33 .2 .2 .2

Leisure and hospitality................................. 20 20 24 .1 .2 .2

Arts, entertainment, and recreation............ 3 3 2 .1 .1 .1

Accommodation and food services............ 17 18 22 .2 .2 .2

Other services.......................................... 17 6 26 .3 .1 .5

Government................................................ 127 68 135 .6 .3 .6

Federal................................................... 10 11 12 .3 .4 .4

State and local........................................... 117 57 123 .6 .3 .6

REGION 3

Northeast................................................ 84 52 63 .3 .2 .2

South...................................................... 119 100 144 .3 .2 .3

Midwest................................................... 91 73 98 .3 .2 .3

West...................................................... 81 86 89 .3 .3 .3

 1 Other separations are the number of other separations during the entire month. 2 The other separations rate is the number of other separations during the entire month as a percent of total employment. 3 See footnote 7, table 1. 4 Data round to zero. p = Preliminary

Industry and region

Levels (in thousands) Rates