For release 10:00 a.m. (EST) Thursday, November 8, 2012 USDL-12-2204 

Technical information: (202) 691-6170 • iifstaff@bls.gov • www.bls.gov/iif/oshcdnew.htm 

Media contact: (202) 691-5902 • PressOffice@bls.gov

(Note: Because of data processing errors, incorrect U.S. national estimates of nonfatal 

occupational injuries and illnesses were published in news releases for reference years 2011 and 

2012. Corrections will not be made to this news release. Data in this release should not be relied 

upon. For corrected data and additional information, please see http://www.bls.gov/bls/errata/

iif_errata_1014.htm.)

NONFATAL OCCUPATIONAL INJURIES AND ILLNESSES REQUIRING DAYS AWAY FROM WORK, 2011 

The rate of nonfatal occupational injury and illness cases requiring days away from work to recuperate 

was 117 cases per 10,000 full-time workers in 2011, statistically unchanged from 2010, according to the 

U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics. The total number of private industry, state government, and local 

government cases with days away from work remained statistically unchanged at 1,181,290. The median 

days away from work—a key measure of severity of injuries and illnesses—was 8 days, the same as the 

previous year. (See table 1.)

Key Findings:

• Occupational injuries and illnesses to workers in five occupations accounted for nearly 20 percent of

the days-away-from-work cases in 2011: laborers; nursing aides and orderlies and attendants;

janitors and cleaners; heavy and tractor-trailer truck drivers; and police officers and sheriff’s patrol

officers. Police officers had an incidence rate per 10,000 full-time workers that was five times

greater than for all occupations; the rate for laborers was three times greater than the rate for all

workers. (See table 4 and table B.)

• The proportion of injuries and illnesses was highest among workers age 45-54—accounting for 26

percent of the total cases in 2011. (See table 6.) In private industry, workers in this age group had

decreases in case counts and incidence rates, as did workers age 16-19 and 65 and over. Injuries and

illnesses to workers age 55-64 in manufacturing increased 6 percent to 21,660 cases; workers age

20-24 had a 13 percent increase in the same industry. (See table 8.)

• Among private industry workers, injuries and illnesses to workers with 1-5 years of service with an

employer accounted for 35 percent of the cases—despite an 11 percent decrease. However, the

number of days-away-from-work cases increased for workers with fewer than 3 months-of-service

(up 3 percent) and 3-11 months-of-service (up 7 percent). In the agriculture, forestry, fishing, and

hunting industry, there was a 32 percent increase in the number of cases for workers with 3-11

months-of-service. (See table 8.)

• Musculoskeletal disorder (MSD) cases (387,820) accounted for 33 percent of all injury and illness

cases in 2011. Six occupations accounted for 26 percent of the MSD cases in 2011: nursing

assistants; laborers; janitors and cleaners; heavy and tractor-trailer truck drivers; registered nurses;

and stock clerks. Heavy and tractor-trailer truck drivers required a median of 21 days away from

work to recuperate, compared to 11 days for all workers who sustained an MSD. (See table 18.)
Occupation (private sector, state government, local government)

These seven occupations had an incidence rate greater than 300 cases per 10,000 full-time workers and 

had greater than 20,000 days-away-from-work cases: police and sheriff’s patrol officers; nursing aides, 

orderlies and attendants; light truck or delivery service drivers; laborers and freight, stock and material 

movers; correctional officers; heavy and tractor-trailer truck drivers; and janitors and cleaners. (See table 

4 and table B.) These occupations also had at least one-tenth of one percent of total employment.

Laborers accounted for the highest proportion of injuries and illnesses in private industry—6 percent of 

908,310 cases. Laborers in private industry had an incidence rate of 353 cases per 10,000 full-time

workers—more than three times greater than the rate for all private industry workers. These workers

required a median of 9 days away from work to recuperate. (See table 4.)

Injuries and illnesses to correctional officers accounted for 21 percent of the 72,650 total cases in state 

government. The incidence rate for correctional officers was 629 cases per 10,000 full-time workers, 

compared to a rate of 183 for all state government workers. These workers required a median of 24 days 

before returning to work after their injuries—more than twice as many days as all state government 

workers.

Of the 200,330 days-away-from-work cases in local government, 15 percent occurred to police officers 

at an incidence rate of 659 cases per 10,000 full-time workers. Janitors and cleaners accounted for 

another 9 percent of the cases in local government and had an incidence rate of 565; these occurred 

primarily in the educational services industry.

The incidence rate for public sector workers was 190 cases per 10,000 full-time workers (compared to a 

rate of 105 for private industry). Some occupations experienced higher rates in the public sector (state 

and local government combined) than their counterparts in the private sector. Janitors and cleaners and 

landscaping and groundskeeping workers had a public sector rate that was over twice that of the private 

sector. (See chart A.)

Chart A. Incidence rates of injuries and illnesses with days away from work for selected occupations1

with high case counts by ownership, 2011

0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700

Maintenance and repair workers, general

Registered nurses *

Janitors and cleaners, except maids and

housekeepers

Landscaping and groundskeeping workers

Nursing aides, orderlies, and attendants *

All occupations

State and local

government

Private sector

Changes to classification systems: Two revised coding structures have been implemented for 2011 

data: Occupational Injury and Illness Classification System (OIICS 2.01—used to describe the 

characteristics of occupational injuries and illnesses) and the Standard Occupational Classification 

(2010 SOC). Data coded according to OIICS 2.01 are not comparable to prior years. Data coded 

according to 2010 SOC are not comparable for many occupation categories from prior years. See 

www.bls.gov/iif/oshoiics.htm and www.bls.gov/soc/ for additional information. 

2 
1 These occupations had at least one percent of the days-away-from-work cases in their respective ownerships.

* The number and incidence rates for Nursing aides, orderlies, and attendants and Registered nurses are based on the 2000

Standard Occupational Classification (SOC) definition. Employment data needed to calculate an incidence rate based on the 

2010 SOC definitions are not available. Please refer to the next section for additional information.

Standard Occupational Classification (SOC) changes. As a result of the conversion from 2000 SOC to 

2010 SOC, data are now available on a number of detailed occupations. For example, nurse anesthetists, 

midwives, and nurse practitioners were included in the general category of “Registered nurses” in 2000 

SOC. Data are now available for each unique occupation. Within the old title of nursing aides, orderlies, 

and attendants, orderlies have been separated out from nursing assistants. (See table A.) However, 

employment data were not available for 2011 to use in calculating incidence rates for nursing aides, 

orderlies, and attendants and registered nurses. In these two high profile occupation categories, data 

were coded according to 2000 SOC so that available employment data could be used to calculate 

incidence rates. Nursing aides, orderlies and attendants had an incidence rate of 444 cases per 10,000 

full-time workers and registered nurses had an incidence rate of 136. Comparable employment data will 

be available for the next year and the occupation series will be purely based on 2010 SOC coding. 

Table A. Numbers and incidence rates for registered nurses and nursing aides, orderlies, and attendants

all ownerships, according to SOC version, 2011 data

2000 and 2010 SOC Titles

All cases Musculoskeletal 

disorders1

Number Incidence 

Rate Number Incidence 

Rate

Nursing aides, orderlies, and attendants (2000 SOC) 47,840 443.9 25,780 239.2

 Nursing assistants (2010 SOC) 46,520 -- 25,010 --

 Orderlies (2010 SOC) 1,310 -- 770 -- 

Registered nurses (2000 SOC) 27,950 135.7 12,000 58.2

 Registered nurses (2010 SOC) 27,610 -- 11,880 -- 

 Nurse anesthetists (2010 SOC) 40 -- 20 --

 Nurse midwives (2010 SOC) -- -- -- -- 

 Nurse practitioners (2010 SOC) 280 -- 90 -- 

Note: Dash indicates data not available. Because of rounding, data do not add up to totals.

1 See table 18 for reference to other occupations with MSD cases. 

Private industry

In the private sector, the number of days-away-from-work cases decreased 3 percent in 2011 to 908,310 

with an incidence rate of 105 cases per 10,000 full-time workers. (See table 1.) The median number of 

days away from work was 8 days for the fourth consecutive year—this statistic is regarded as a key 

measure of the severity of injuries and illnesses. Three industries had more than 100,000 incidents in 

2011: health care and social assistance (171,530), manufacturing (129,030), and retail trade (126,550). 

More than one third of occupational injuries and illnesses in health care and social assistance involved 

interaction with people other than the injured employee; most frequently with a patient (28 percent). The 

incidence rate for violence and other injuries by persons or animal (15 per 10,000 full-time workers) was 

more than triple the overall rate for all of private industry (4 per 10,000 full-time workers). Health care 

and social assistance also had the highest proportion of days-away-from-work cases of female workers 

(81 percent of all incidents) among all industries, contributing more than 40 percent of all private 

ownership cases where the injured or ill employee was female.

3 
While it had fewer than 100,000 cases (88,050), the transportation and warehousing industry had the 

highest private industry incidence rate in 2011, with 226 cases per 10,000 full-time workers. The 

overexertion and bodily reaction rate (88 cases per 10,000 full-time workers) was more than double the 

rate for all private industry (38). The incidence rate for transportation events was 25 cases per 10,000 

full-time workers in this industry, compared to an incidence rate of 5 for private industry as a whole. As 

in prior years, the incidence rate for cases requiring 31 days or more away from work was higher in 

transportation and warehousing (88) than it was for all of private industry (29). 

The mining industry had the highest overall median number of days spent away from work per case with 

28 days. This was followed by transportation and warehousing (17 median days), construction (14 

median days), utilities (13 median days), and information (13 median days). In all five of these

industries, at least 30 percent of the cases required at least 31 days away from work. 

Case circumstances

A number of variables describe the circumstances of workplace injuries and illnesses that required one 

or more days away from work. They include nature, part of body, source, and event or exposure, as well 

as “musculoskeletal disorders” (a combination of selected nature and event or exposure categories). 

 A nursing aide sprains her back from overexertion in lifting a health care patient. 

↑ ↑ ↑ ↑ 

(nature) (part of body) (event or exposure) (source)

Event or exposure. In 2011, for all ownerships, 40 percent of the injuries and illness cases requiring 

days away from work were attributed to three types of events or exposures: falls on the same level (15 

percent); struck by object or equipment (13 percent); and overexertion in lifting or lowering (12 

percent). (See table 5.) Injuries and illnesses incurred from falls on the same level and overexertion in 

lifting or lowering each required a median of 10 days for workers to recuperate—two more than the 8 

days required for all types of events or exposures. Injuries from being struck by objects or equipment 

required a median of 5 days away from work to recuperate. 

Overall, the leading event or exposure in 2011 was overexertion and bodily reaction with 415,800 cases 

and an incidence rate of 41 cases per 10,000 full-time workers. (See table 5.) Overexertion and bodily 

reaction was the leading event or exposure for four of the five occupations shown in table B. However,

for police and sheriff’s patrol officers, violence and other injuries by persons or animal was the leading 

event or exposure. 

4 
Table B. Leading event or exposure for selected occupations1, all ownerships, 2011 

Selected Occupations

Daysaway-fromwork cases

Median 

daysawayfromwork

Leading event or exposure 

(percent of total)

Laborers and freight, stock, and material 

movers, hand 56,950 9 Overexertion and bodily reaction (41%), Contact with object or equipment (33%)

Nursing aides, orderlies, and attendants* 47,840 5 Overexertion and bodily reaction (56%),

Falls, slips, trips (20%)

Janitors and cleaners, except maids and 

housekeeping cleaners 44,850 7 Overexertion and bodily reaction (38%), 

Falls, slips, trips (29%)

Heavy and tractor-trailer truck drivers 44,120 20 Overexertion and bodily reaction (33%), 

Falls, slips, trips (30%)

Police and sheriff's patrol officers 33,590 10

Violence and other injuries by persons or 

animals (27%), 

Overexertion and bodily reaction (23%)

1 Selected occupations had 30,000 cases and incidence rates greater than 300.

* Based on 2000 SOC definition.

Injuries and illnesses incurred from repetitive motion involving microtasks accounted for only 3 percent 

of all the occupational injury and illness cases in 2011. However, workers who sustained injuries or 

illnesses in this manner required a median of 23 days away from work—nearly 3 times as many days for 

all types of injuries and illnesses. 

Nature of injury or illness. In 2011, sprains, strains, and tears accounted for 38 percent of total injury 

and illness cases requiring days away from work in all ownerships. Soreness and pain accounted for 12 

percent of the total cases. While accounting for smaller proportions of total cases, fractures; 

amputations; multiple injuries with fractures; and carpal tunnel syndrome each required a median of 25 

days or more away from work to recuperate—more than 3 times the number of days for all types of 

injuries and illnesses. (See table 5.) 

Of the 447,200 sprains, strains, and tears in 2011, 22 percent were the result of overexertion in lifting or 

lowering. Falls on the same level accounted for 12 percent of sprains, strains, and tears. In 36 percent of 

the sprain, strain, and tear cases, the back was injured. Injuries to the shoulders and knees each 

accounted for 12 percent. (See table 17 and chart B.)

5 
Chart B. Distribution of sprain, strain, and tear cases requiring days away from work by selected event or 

exposure and part of body, all ownerships, 2011

Fractures accounted for 8 percent of all injuries and illnesses in 2011, however, these types of injuries 

required more than 3 times the number of days to recuperate—27 days compared with 8 days for all 

types of injuries and illnesses. Falls on the same level accounted for 33 percent of fractures and another 

22 percent were the result of being struck by an object or equipment. Fractures of the hand accounted for 

18 percent of the fracture cases and required a median of 11 days before returning to work. Workers 

who fractured their ankles required a median 42 days, but accounted for a small proportion of 

fractures—12 percent. (See table 17.)

Musculoskeletal disorders. Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs), commonly known as ergonomic 

injuries, accounted for 33 percent of all workplace injuries and illnesses requiring days away from work 

in 2011. (See table 18.) There were 387,820 MSDs in all ownerships with an incidence rate of 39 cases 

per 10,000 full-time workers. Workers who sustained musculoskeletal disorders required a median of 11 

days to recuperate before returning to work, compared with 8 days for all types of cases. The revision to 

the Occupational Injury and Illness Classification system added new detailed nature and event or 

exposure categories that can now be included in the BLS reporting of MSDs. For this reason, MSD data 

for 2011 should not be compared to prior year data. See footnote 4 on table 18 for the list of categories 

that comprise MSDs.

Five occupations had more than 11,000 MSDs. (See table 18 and table C.) Of these occupations, nursing 

assistants had the highest count at 25,010. Heavy and tractor-trailer truck drivers had the greatest median 

days away from work with 21 days. 

For all occupations, the back was injured in 42 percent of the MSD cases and required a median of 7 

days to recuperate. The most severe MSDs occurred to the shoulder, requiring a median of 21 days for 

the worker to return to work, but accounted for only 13 percent of the MSDs. 

Overexertion 

in lifting or 

lowering

22%

Fall on same 

level

12%

Slips trips 

without fall

7%

Violence

4%

Fall to lower 

level

3%

All other

52%

Back

36%

Shoulder

12%

Knee

12%

Ankle

9%

Multiple

8%

Arm

4%

Wrist

3%

Neck

2%

Hand(s)

2%

Foot

2%

All other

9%

6 
Table C. Median number of days away from work and percent of total musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) 

by selected occupations and selected part of body, all ownerships, 2011 

Selected occupation

Selected part of body

Median days away from work by

Total Shoulder Back Abdomen Arm Wrist Leg Multiple 

body parts

All occupations 11 21 7 20 18 17 15 12

Nursing assistants 6 7 5 8 8 5 6 7 

Laborers and freight- stock- and 

material movers- hand 12 30 7 25 10 15 20 6 

Janitors and cleaners- except maids 

and housekeeping cleaners 8 21 6 20 20 10 19 14

Heavy and tractor-trailer truck drivers 21 35 13 25 29 15 27 70

Registered nurses* 8 13 7 6 14 5 17 6

Percent of total MSDs

All occupations 100.0 13.2 41.8 4.7 4.8 5.9 10.7 4.7

Nursing assistants 100.0 12.6 54.8 1.1 3.0 3.8 6.1 7.9

Laborers and freight- stock- and 

material movers- hand 100.0 15.7 44.3 7.0 4.6 4.1 7.0 3.9

Janitors and cleaners- except maids 

and housekeeping cleaners 100.0 11.7 48.5 5.3 4.4 3.1 7.7 3.6

Heavy and tractor-trailer truck drivers 100.0 16.4 35.5 6.7 7.1 2.4 14.1 4.7

Registered nurses* 100.0 13.0 52.9 0.8 2.2 2.4 6.6 9.2

*2010 Standard Occupational Classification

Worker characteristics

Worker characteristics include age, gender, race or ethnic origin, and length of service with the 

employer at the time of the incident. (See tables 6, 7, 8, 10 and 14.) 

Age. Workers age 65 and over had a greater number of median days away from work than their younger 

counterparts--requiring a median of 14 days to recuperate before returning to work. For all ownerships 

the number of days away from work cases for most age groups remained relatively unchanged from the 

previous year, except for workers age 16-19 and 45-54 where the number of cases decreased 11 percent 

and 3 percent, respectively. The incidence rate for workers age 16-19 decreased to 109 cases per 10,000 

full-time worker (from 117 in 2010). For workers age 45-54, the incidence rate per 10,000 full-time 

workers increased to 221 for state government workers and to 223 for local government workers; while 

it decreased for private sector workers to 111. (See table 6.)

Gender. The rate of injuries and illnesses requiring days away from work per 10,000 full-time workers 

remained essentially unchanged in 2011 for both women and men at 104 cases and 128 cases, 

respectively. The number of injuries and illnesses to women declined 3 percent and remained 

statistically unchanged for men. The severity of injury to men was greater than that to women; men 

required a median of 10 days to recuperate compared with a median of 7 days for women. (See table 6.)

Race or ethnicity. White workers accounted for 41 percent of all days-away-from-work cases in 2011—

the number of injuries and illnesses were essentially the same as reported in 2010. Hispanic or Latino 

workers accounted for 11 percent of the cases and black or African American workers accounted for 8 

7 
percent. Race and ethnicity was unreported in 37 percent of all cases. White workers required a median 

of seven days away from work to recuperate—one day less than all workers required. (See table 7.)

Notes

This release is the third in a series of releases from the BLS covering occupational safety and health 

statistics for 2011. The first release, in September 2012, covered work-related fatalities from the 2011 

Census of Fatal Occupational Injuries. In October 2012, the Survey of Occupational Injuries and 

Illnesses (SOII) annual summary reported the total recordable cases by industry and case type for 

occupational injuries and illnesses for 2011. Data in this third release are a subset of the SOII annual 

summary data and include additional detail about the case circumstances and worker characteristics for 

occupational injury and illness cases that required at least one day away from work to recuperate. While 

the data come from the same survey, they are reported at different levels of precision. For example, in 

this release, injury and illness incidence rates for days-away-from-work cases are reported per 10,000 

full-time workers, whereas, the same incidence rate in the SOII annual summary news release is 

reported per 100 full-time workers. Data users are cautioned to take into account the different levels of 

precision when analyzing the data. Additional background and methodological information regarding 

the BLS occupational safety and health statistics program can be found in Chapter 9 of the BLS 

Handbook of Methods at http://www.bls.gov/opub/hom/pdf/homch9.pdf. 

Data in this release were coded according to the revised Occupational Injury and Illness Classification 

system (OIICS 2.01). Many of the titles for event or exposure, nature of injury, part of body, and source 

of injury may be similar to titles used in prior year news releases. However, there have been many 

definitional changes to this coding structure and data users should not make comparisons to prior years. 

This release does not present all the publishable estimates and rates for days-away-from-work cases.

Additional detailed data are available from BLS staff at 202-691-6170, iifstaff@bls.gov, and the BLS 

Internet site at http://www.bls.gov/iif/home.htm. 

Days of job transfer or restriction pilot study. In January of 2012, the BLS Survey of Occupational 

Injuries and Illnesses (SOII) began to collect information on case circumstances and worker 

characteristics for days-of-job-transfer-or-restriction (DJTR) cases. The pilot included six three-digit 

industries including: Specialty trade contractors; Food manufacturing; Building material and garden 

equipment supplies dealers; Air transportation; Warehousing and storage; and Nursing and residential 

care facilities. Details from this study will be published in 2013.

8 
TABLE 1. Median days away from work1, number, and incidence rate2 for nonfatal occupational injuries and illnesses involving days away from work3 

exposure, 2011

Industry

Median

days

away

from

work

Number Incidence rate

Event or exposure leading to injury or illness

(incidence rate)

Contact

with

objects

Fall

to

lower

level

Fall

on

same

level

Slips

or

trips

without

fall

Overexertion in

lifting/lowering

Repetitive

motion

Exposure

to

harmful

substances

or

environments

Tran

tatio

cide

Total private, State and local government .............. 8 1,181,290 117.3 26.9 5.6 18.2 4.8 13.6 3.4 4.8 

Total private industry5,6,7 ...................................... 8 908,310 105.2 26.7 5.4 15.6 4.1 13.0 3.2 4.5 

Total goods producing ........................................... 11 223,920 124.1 43.8 9.1 12.1 4.3 13.1 5.7 6.5 

Natural resources and mining5,6 ........................ 11 23,280 141.7 52.4 12.7 14.9 4.4 9.6 1.8 6.3 

Agriculture, forestry, fishing, and hunting ...... 7 16,220 184.7 60.4 19.7 20.1 7.2 11.7 3.0 8.6 Mining ............................................................ 28 7,060 92.4 43.3 4.6 8.9 1.2 7.3 .3 3.7 

Construction ...................................................... 14 71,600 147.4 48.9 19.2 11.3 6.2 16.2 2.0 6.7 Manufacturing .................................................... 10 129,030 111.8 40.4 4.4 12.0 3.4 12.3 7.7 6.4 

Total service providing ........................................... 7 684,390 100.2 22.1 4.4 16.5 4.0 13.0 2.6 4.0 

Trade, transportation and utilities7 ..................... 10 277,490 134.6 34.8 7.1 16.5 5.6 20.5 3.5 3.7 

Wholesale trade ............................................. 10 57,160 108.0 29.9 5.9 11.0 4.0 15.8 3.6 3.1 Retail trade .................................................... 7 126,550 116.2 32.1 5.3 17.0 4.5 20.1 3.2 3.2 Transportation and warehousing ................... 17 88,050 226.1 50.9 13.4 23.1 10.9 29.5 3.9 5.4 2Utilities ........................................................... 13 5,730 104.8 21.2 8.3 10.6 5.9 8.1 4.2 6.9 

Information ......................................................... 13 14,030 60.3 10.2 4.4 10.0 3.3 6.0 3.6 1.8 Financial activities ............................................. 7 27,360 41.2 8.1 3.2 8.4 1.8 5.3 2.2 1.9 

Real estate and rental and leasing ................ 8 17,520 108.0 23.4 9.9 15.8 4.2 18.1 1.8 4.9 

Professional and business services .................. 6 71,240 54.5 12.7 3.0 8.9 2.7 5.3 1.6 2.2 

Professional, scientific, and technical

services ....................................................... 5 17,630 25.9 4.8 1.4 5.4 1.0 2.5 1.1 .8 

Management of companies and enterprises 7 6,760 37.7 7.7 2.0 8.2 1.3 4.9 2.1 .7 Administrative and support and waste

management and remediation services ....... 7 46,850 104.8 26.8 5.8 14.6 5.8 9.7 2.2 4.9 

Education and health services ........................... 6 182,270 126.8 15.2 2.7 26.5 4.3 16.6 2.3 4.4 

Educational services ...................................... 8 10,740 60.8 9.4 3.3 14.8 2.2 4.6 1.9 2.3 Health care and social assistance ................. 6 171,530 136.1 16.0 2.6 28.2 4.5 18.3 2.3 4.7 

Leisure and hospitality ....................................... 6 85,330 101.4 30.5 3.9 20.1 4.3 9.5 2.2 9.5 

Arts, entertainment, and recreation ............... 7 14,860 123.7 33.2 6.0 21.3 5.1 11.5 3.8 5.3 Accommodation and food services ................ 6 70,480 97.7 30.0 3.6 20.0 4.2 9.2 1.9 10.2 

Other services ................................................... 7 26,680 92.6 26.7 4.2 14.9 3.3 9.8 2.8 3.6 

See footnotes at end of table.

9
TABLE 1. Median days away from work1, number, and incidence rate2 for nonfatal occupational injuries and illnesses involving days away from work3 

exposure, 2011 — Continued

Industry

Median

days

away

from

work

Number Incidence rate

Event or exposure leading to injury or illness

(incidence rate)

Contact

with

objects

Fall

to

lower

level

Fall

on

same

level

Slips

or

trips

without

fall

Overexertion in

lifting/lowering

Repetitive

motion

Exposure

to

harmful

substances

or

environments

Tran

tatio

cide

Total State government5,6,7 ................................... 11 72,650 183.4 21.8 5.9 30.5 7.0 13.6 4.4 8.2 

Total goods producing ........................................... 9 1,110 154.5 25.7 6.2 24.3 5.4 20.3 2.4 9.0 2

Construction ...................................................... 9 1,090 158.2 26.2 6.0 25.2 5.6 21.1 2.4 9.3 

Total service providing ........................................... 11 71,540 184.0 21.8 5.9 30.6 7.0 13.5 4.4 8.2 

Education and health services ........................... 9 30,110 154.6 17.4 3.9 26.4 5.9 12.2 2.8 6.2 

Educational services ...................................... 8 9,500 68.6 11.4 3.7 15.8 4.4 6.6 2.1 3.0 Health care and social assistance ................. 10 20,610 365.7 32.3 4.3 52.5 9.7 26.0 4.6 14.2 

Public administration ......................................... 13 36,130 200.9 22.6 6.8 34.6 7.9 13.9 5.5 9.4 

Justice, public order, and safety activities ..... 15 24,800 343.0 37.6 8.9 58.0 14.7 18.5 4.8 13.6 

Total local government5,6,7 ................................... 8 200,330 192.7 30.8 7.6 34.9 9.6 18.2 4.7 6.2 

Total goods producing ........................................... 12 3,260 319.7 70.9 13.9 30.5 11.4 57.8 13.9 11.7 

Construction ...................................................... 13 3,260 321.2 71.2 13.9 30.6 11.4 58.0 14.0 11.8 

Total service providing ........................................... 8 197,060 191.4 30.4 7.5 34.9 9.6 17.9 4.6 6.2 

Trade, transportation and utilities7 ..................... 13 14,030 302.3 56.1 11.6 43.5 10.5 20.9 10.3 14.7 4

Transportation and warehousing ................... 17 9,230 395.0 63.0 16.4 65.5 9.2 16.5 11.0 21.6 Utilities ........................................................... 10 4,790 209.8 49.4 6.8 21.3 12.0 25.6 9.7 7.9 

Education and health services ........................... 7 76,710 126.5 19.9 5.7 33.7 6.0 11.2 2.7 3.0 

Educational services ...................................... 7 63,950 120.5 19.8 6.0 33.5 6.2 9.9 2.4 2.6 Health care and social assistance ................. 6 12,760 168.5 20.8 3.1 35.4 5.2 20.1 4.9 6.2 

Public administration ......................................... 10 96,380 283.9 40.7 10.3 33.7 15.5 27.4 7.0 10.4 2

Justice, public order, and safety activities ..... 12 42,070 474.5 62.3 13.5 43.2 22.6 28.6 10.8 18.3 

1 Median days away from work is the measure used to summarize the varying lengths of absences from

work among the cases with days away from work. Half the cases involved more days and half involved lessdays than a specified median. Median days away from work are represented in actual values.

2 Incidence rates represent the number of injuries and illnesses per 10,000 full-time workers and were

calculated as: (N/EH) x 20,000,000 where 

N = number of injuries and illnessesEH = total hours worked by all employees

during the calendar year

20,000,000 = base for 10,000 equivalent full-time workers 

(working 40 hours per week, 50 weeks per year)

3 Days-away-from-work cases include those that resulted in days away from work, some of which also

included job transfer or restriction.

4 Includes nonclassifiable responses.

5 Excludes farms with fewer than 11 employees.6 Data for Mining (Sector 21 in the North American Industry Cla

include establishments not governed by the Mine Safety and Healtas those in Oil and Gas Extraction and related support activities. and nonmetal mining are provided to BLS by the Mine Safety and Labor. Independent mining contractors are excluded from the coaThese data do not reflect the changes the Occupational Safety recordkeeping requirements effective January 1, 2002; thereforecomparable to estimates in other industries. 

7 Data for employers in rail transportation are provided to BLS 

U.S. Department of Transportation. 

NOTE: Dash indicates data do not meet publication guidelines. 

of nonclassifiable responses, data may not sum to the totals.

SOURCE: Bureau of Labor Statistics, U.S. Department of La

Illnesses in cooperation with participating State agencies

10
TABLE 2. Median days away from work1, number, and incidence rate2 for nonfatal occupational injuries and illnesses involving days away from work3 b

injury, 2011

Industry

Median

days

away

from

work

Number Incidence rate

Nature of injury or illness4

(incidence rate)

Sprains,

strains,

tears

Fractures

Cuts,

lacerations Amputa- tions Bruises, contu- sions Heat (thermal) burns Chemical burns Carpal tunnel syndrome Te

(o

sp

Total private, State and local government 8 1,181,290 117.3 44.4 9.1 7.9 0.5 10.2 1.5 0.4 1.0 

Total private industry6,7,8 ......................... 8 908,310 105.2 39.5 8.6 8.1 .6 8.9 1.6 .4 1.0 

Total goods producing .............................. 11 223,920 124.1 37.7 13.5 12.6 1.7 8.7 2.1 .7 1.7 

Natural resources and mining6,7 ........... 11 23,280 141.7 41.0 19.1 10.2 1.6 13.0 1.6 .7 .2 

Agriculture, forestry, fishing, and

hunting ............................................ 7 16,220 184.7 50.0 17.8 17.4 1.5 17.6 2.3 .9 .2 

Mining ............................................... 28 7,060 92.4 30.6 20.5 1.9 1.7 7.7 .8 .4 – 

Construction ......................................... 14 71,600 147.4 44.1 19.6 17.9 1.0 8.2 2.2 .3 .4 Manufacturing ....................................... 10 129,030 111.8 34.5 10.1 10.8 2.0 8.3 2.1 .9 2.4 

Total service providing .............................. 7 684,390 100.2 39.9 7.4 6.9 .3 8.9 1.4 .3 .8 

Trade, transportation and utilities8 ........ 10 277,490 134.6 55.4 10.7 9.1 .5 13.0 .7 .4 1.2 

Wholesale trade ................................ 10 57,160 108.0 45.0 10.0 7.6 .5 8.3 .6 .3 1.6 Retail trade ....................................... 7 126,550 116.2 46.1 8.5 10.6 .5 11.9 .9 .3 1.1 Transportation and warehousing ...... 17 88,050 226.1 97.2 18.3 7.9 .8 22.8 .6 .6 .8 Utilities .............................................. 13 5,730 104.8 42.9 7.0 3.5 – 11.4 .6 .5 1.1 

Information ............................................ 13 14,030 60.3 26.3 6.2 2.3 – 3.4 .2 .2 1.1 Financial activities ................................ 7 27,360 41.2 13.4 3.7 2.9 – 2.3 .4 .2 .7 

Real estate and rental and leasing ... 8 17,520 108.0 39.4 7.2 8.3 – 6.4 .8 .8 – 

Professional and business services ..... 6 71,240 54.5 18.3 4.7 4.1 .2 4.4 .3 .2 .5 

Professional, scientific, and technical

services .......................................... 5 17,630 25.9 7.5 2.5 1.9 .1 2.8 .2 – .4 

Management of companies and

enterprises ...................................... 7 6,760 37.7 14.9 5.6 1.4 – 2.5 – – .9 

Administrative and support and

waste management andremediation services ....................... 7 46,850 104.8 36.0 7.8 8.5 .4 7.7 .6 .6 .5 

Education and health services .............. 6 182,270 126.8 58.9 7.5 3.1 – 12.2 1.1 .2 .6 

Educational services ......................... 8 10,740 60.8 24.5 6.7 2.7 – 5.6 .5 .2 .5 Health care and social assistance .... 6 171,530 136.1 63.7 7.6 3.2 – 13.1 1.2 .2 .6 

Leisure and hospitality .......................... 6 85,330 101.4 29.9 6.4 16.6 .4 7.6 6.5 .4 .4 

Arts, entertainment, and recreation .. 7 14,860 123.7 44.7 13.0 7.8 .4 8.8 1.8 .3 .5 Accommodation and food services ... 6 70,480 97.7 27.4 5.3 18.1 .4 7.5 7.2 .4 .4 

Other services ...................................... 7 26,680 92.6 34.8 7.2 8.1 .8 7.2 1.9 .5 1.0 

See footnotes at end of table.

11
TABLE 2. Median days away from work1, number, and incidence rate2 for nonfatal occupational injuries and illnesses involving days away from work3 b

injury, 2011 — Continued

Industry

Median

days

away

from

work

Number Incidence rate

Nature of injury or illness4

(incidence rate)

Sprains,

strains,

tears

Fractures

Cuts,

lacerations Amputa- tions Bruises, contu- sions Heat (thermal) burns Chemical burns Carpal tunnel syndrome Te

(o

sp

Total State government6,7,8 ...................... 11 72,650 183.4 73.9 8.8 4.9 0.1 16.8 0.9 0.3 1.4 

Total goods producing .............................. 9 1,110 154.5 77.6 8.0 2.3 – 4.8 – – – 

Construction ......................................... 9 1,090 158.2 80.1 8.1 2.4 – 5.0 – – – 

Total service providing .............................. 11 71,540 184.0 73.8 8.9 4.9 .1 17.0 .9 .3 1.5 

Education and health services .............. 9 30,110 154.6 65.4 7.8 4.0 .1 16.1 1.3 .4 .6 

Educational services ......................... 8 9,500 68.6 29.4 6.4 2.6 .1 6.3 .9 .3 .4 Health care and social assistance .... 10 20,610 365.7 153.8 11.3 7.4 – 40.2 2.4 .6 1.3 

Public administration ............................ 13 36,130 200.9 77.5 9.9 5.5 .1 15.3 .4 .2 2.2 

Justice, public order, and safety

activities .......................................... 15 24,800 343.0 134.3 11.9 10.6 – 28.2 .5 .4 1.7 

Total local government6,7,8 ...................... 8 200,330 192.7 74.1 13.1 7.5 .2 18.6 1.2 .3 1.4 

Total goods producing .............................. 12 3,260 319.7 119.4 31.4 29.7 – 18.3 5.2 – – 

Construction ......................................... 13 3,260 321.2 120.0 31.5 29.8 – 18.4 5.2 – – 

Total service providing .............................. 8 197,060 191.4 73.7 13.0 7.2 .2 18.6 1.2 .3 1.4 

Trade, transportation and utilities8 ........ 13 14,030 302.3 136.6 16.1 6.6 1.0 36.5 .6 – 2.8 

Transportation and warehousing ...... 17 9,230 395.0 171.8 23.1 6.1 – 60.0 – – – Utilities .............................................. 10 4,790 209.8 101.6 9.0 7.2 1.5 12.7 – – 5.1 

Education and health services .............. 7 76,710 126.5 47.3 9.8 4.5 .1 16.2 .9 .2 .5 

Educational services ......................... 7 63,950 120.5 42.7 10.0 4.8 .1 16.2 .8 .2 .4 Health care and social assistance .... 6 12,760 168.5 79.3 8.8 2.7 – 16.4 1.3 .3 .7 

Public administration ............................ 10 96,380 283.9 109.8 17.8 11.2 .3 17.8 1.8 .3 2.8 

Justice, public order, and safety

activities .......................................... 12 42,070 474.5 172.8 23.0 17.7 – 26.6 3.3 – .7 

1 Median days away from work is the measure used to summarize the varying lengths of absences from

work among the cases with days away from work. Half the cases involved more days and half involved lessdays than a specified median. Median days away from work are represented in actual values.

2 Incidence rates represent the number of injuries and illnesses per 10,000 full-time workers and were

calculated as: (N/EH) x 20,000,000 where 

N = number of injuries and illnessesEH = total hours worked by all employees

during the calendar year

20,000,000 = base for 10,000 equivalent full-time workers

(working 40 hours per week, 50 weeks per year)

3 Days-away-from-work cases include those that resulted in days away from work, some of which also

included job transfer or restriction.

4 Data shown in columns correspond to the following Nature codes: Sprains, strains, tears = 123;

Fractures = 111; Cuts, lacerations, punctures, Total = 132-133; Cuts, lacerations = 132; Punctures = 133;Bruises, contusions = 143; Heat burns = 152; Chemical burns = 151; Amputations = 1311; Carpal tunnelsyndrome = 2241; Tendonitis = 2735; Multiple traumatic injuries and illnesses, Total = 18; With fractures andother injuries = 183; With sprains and other injuries = 182; Soreness, pain = 1972; All other natures = all

remaining codes, including 9999 (Nonclassifiable). These codes Illness Classification System 2.01 developed by the Bureau of Labo

5 Includes nonclassifiable responses.6 Excludes farms with fewer than 11 employees.7 Data for Mining (Sector 21 in the North American Industry C

include establishments not governed by the Mine Safety and Heaas those in Oil and Gas Extraction and related support activities. Dnonmetal mining are provided to BLS by the Mine Safety and Healt Independent mining contractors are excluded from the coal, metdata do not reflect the changes the Occupational Safety and Healtrequirements effective January 1, 2002; therefore, estimates foestimates in other industries. 

8 Data for employers in rail transportation are provided to BLS b

Department of Transportation. 

NOTE: Dash indicates data do not meet publication guidelines. 

nonclassifiable responses, data may not sum to the totals.

SOURCE: Bureau of Labor Statistics, U.S. Department of L

Illnesses in cooperation with participating State agencies

12
TABLE 3. Number, incidence rate1, and median days away from work2 for nonfatal occupational injuries and illnesses involving days away from work3 by 

private industry, state government, and local government, 2011

Occupation

Total private,

State, and local government

Private

industry4,5,6

State

government4,5,6

Number Incidence rate Median days away from work Number Incidence rate Median days away from work Number Incidence rate Media

days aw

from w

Total ....................................................................................... 1,181,290 117.3 8 908,310 105.2 8 72,650 183.4 11 

Management occupations .............................................................. 26,250 43.5 5 21,910 41.2 5 1,490 65.2 10 

Business and financial operations occupations ............................. 8,070 16.1 12 5,780 12.8 10 1,130 37.6 9 

Computer and mathematical occupations ..................................... 2,820 9.5 5 2,180 8.0 5 230 17.2 5 

Architecture and engineering occupations ..................................... 3,550 18.0 7 2,860 15.5 7 340 40.8 6 

Life, physical, and social science occupations .............................. 2,910 36.2 4 1,530 27.7 6 970 59.5 4 

Community and social services occupations ................................. 13,280 89.7 6 6,560 73.5 5 3,620 139.9 6 

Legal occupations .......................................................................... 1,530 17.9 22 970 13.9 22 150 18.3 5 Education, training, and library occupations .................................. 36,650 59.6 5 7,960 58.9 4 1,450 22.0 9 

Arts, design, entertainment, sports, and media occupations ......... 6,400 50.2 14 5,760 49.0 14 110 24.7 6 

Healthcare practitioners and technical occupations ...................... 64,250 109.8 6 49,910 98.2 6 6,160 191.9 8 Healthcare support occupations .................................................... 74,200 255.5 6 61,640 226.9 6 7,480 774.0 8 Protective service occupations ...................................................... 92,870 361.2 12 9,580 107.2 8 21,990 512.0 17 Food preparation and serving related occupations ........................ 75,540 105.3 6 66,980 97.4 6 2,310 646.9 14 Building and grounds cleaning and maintenance occupations ...... 88,880 287.9 7 59,440 234.0 7 5,140 540.0 9 Personal care and service occupations ......................................... 27,070 115.6 7 22,450 107.9 6 3,070 844.6 17 Sales and related occupations ....................................................... 58,340 57.2 8 57,220 56.0 8 680 397.6 13 Office and administrative support occupations .............................. 85,400 53.9 8 72,250 51.8 8 4,460 63.6 8 Farming, fishing, and forestry occupations .................................... 14,460 155.2 7 13,910 151.5 7 420 261.2 28 Construction and extraction occupations ....................................... 85,950 201.3 13 73,000 187.2 14 3,700 408.8 11 Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations ......................... 101,630 234.0 10 85,570 213.4 10 3,440 449.4 13 Production occupations ................................................................. 113,630 155.6 9 109,960 152.2 9 440 208.7 11 Transportation and material moving occupations .......................... 194,640 272.7 13 168,980 250.5 13 3,480 721.6 16 

1 Incidence rates represent the number of injuries and illnesses per 10,000 full-time workers and were

calculated as: (N/EH) x 20,000,000 where 

N = number of injuries and illnessesEH = total hours worked by all employees

during the calendar year

20,000,000 = base for 10,000 equivalent full-time workers

(working 40 hours per week, 50 weeks per year)

2 Median days away from work is the measure used to summarize the varying lengths of absences from work

among the cases with days away from work. Half the cases involved more days and half involved less days thana specified median. Median days away from work are represented in actual values.

3 Days-away-from-work cases include those that resulted in days away from work, some of which also

included job transfer or restriction.

4 Excludes farms with fewer than 11 employees.

5 Data for Mining (Sector 21 in the North American Industry 

include establishments not governed by the Mine Safety and Healthose in Oil and Gas Extraction and related support activities. Dnonmetal mining are provided to BLS by the Mine Safety and HeaIndependent mining contractors are excluded from the coal, metal, do not reflect the changes the Occupational Safety and Healtrequirements effective January 1, 2002; therefore, estimates for thein other industries. 

6 Data for employers in rail transportation are provided to BLS 

Department of Transportation. 

NOTE: Dash indicates data do not meet publication guidelines

nonclassifiable responses, data may not sum to the totals.

SOURCE: Bureau of Labor Statistics, U.S. Department of 

Illnesses in cooperation with participating State agencies

13
TABLE 4. Number, incidence rate,1 and median days away from work2 for nonfatal occupational injuries and illnesses involving days away from work3 by 

private industry, state government, and local government, 2011

Occupation4

Total private,

State, and local government

Private

industry5,6,7

State

government5,6,7

Number Incidence rate Median days away from work Number Incidence rate Median days away from work Number Incidence rate Media

days aw

from w

Total ....................................................................................... 1,181,290 117.3 8 908,310 105.2 8 72,650 183.4 11 

Bus drivers, transit and intercity ....................................................... 9,030 746.3 16 2,100 341.7 10 1,950 – 20 

Police and sheriff’s patrol officers .................................................... 33,590 596.3 10 120 281.4 15 3,170 458.8 10 

Correctional officers and jailers ....................................................... 21,210 543.7 20 470 228.0 5 15,500 629.2 24 Firefighters ....................................................................................... 14,890 475.2 12 20 22.1 6 520 508.1 9 Emergency medical technicians and paramedics ............................ 7,680 381.3 7 4,900 370.9 6 40 – 26 Highway maintenance workers ........................................................ 4,650 380.7 9 200 523.5 12 1,880 543.9 7 

Light truck or delivery services drivers ............................................. 26,050 368.3 15 25,380 360.6 15 110 – 5 Laborers and freight, stock, and material movers, hand .................. 56,950 367.4 9 53,660 352.5 9 430 362.9 8 Heavy and tractor-trailer truck drivers .............................................. 44,120 318.9 20 42,210 307.2 21 70 – 6 Food preparation workers ................................................................ 15,100 312.3 5 13,880 316.5 5 340 589.8 7 Construction laborers ....................................................................... 19,590 312.3 12 18,600 308.9 12 60 – 35 Janitors and cleaners, except maids and housekeeping cleaners .. 44,850 309.2 7 24,450 227.5 7 3,180 504.7 11 Maids and housekeeping cleaners .................................................. 19,220 305.8 7 17,760 293.1 7 470 742.9 6 Maintenance and repair workers, general ....................................... 28,280 276.8 8 21,230 247.1 8 1,600 445.1 13 

Reservation and transportation ticket agents and travel clerks ....... 2,890 273.2 9 2,730 257.8 9 – – – 

Heating, air conditioning, and refrigeration mechanics and

installers ......................................................................................... 5,370 273.7 16 5,090 276.4 16 130 268.0 16 

Food servers, nonrestaurant ............................................................ 3,580 265.7 7 2,700 209.0 10 310 – 3 Bus and truck mechanics and diesel engine specialists .................. 5,340 261.1 10 3,610 205.9 7 470 1,283.2 11 Automotive body and related repairers ............................................ 3,000 258.0 47 2,890 249.7 47 70 – 3 

Carpenters ....................................................................................... 11,590 246.0 19 10,860 235.6 20 270 714.7 10 Driver/sales workers ........................................................................ 8,750 245.2 13 8,650 240.5 13 20 – 5 

Automotive service technicians and mechanics .............................. 12,860 244.1 7 12,150 239.8 7 180 329.1 10 

Telecommunications line installers and repairers ............................ 3,090 226.0 19 3,080 224.9 19 –––Nonfarm animal caretakers .............................................................. 2,250 221.2 3 2,060 209.6 3 50 – 5 

Landscaping and groundskeeping workers ..................................... 14,360 224.8 7 10,180 185.4 7 990 661.7 8 Bus drivers, school or special client ................................................. 7,230 220.6 11 2,220 151.4 11 50 – 21 Taxi drivers and chauffeurs ............................................................. 2,810 211.6 8 2,620 205.7 8 30 – 1 

Cooks, institution and cafeteria ........................................................ 5,810 206.3 5 3,860 231.3 5 420 478.9 9 

1 Incidence rates represent the number of injuries and illnesses per 10,000 full-time workers and were

calculated as: (N/EH) x 20,000,000 where 

N = number of injuries and illnessesEH = total hours worked by all employees

during the calendar year

20,000,000 = base for 10,000 equivalent full-time workers

(working 40 hours per week, 50 weeks per year)

2 Median days away from work is the measure used to summarize the varying lengths of absences from work

among the cases with days away from work. Half the cases involved more days and half involved less days thana specified median. Median days away from work are represented in actual values.

3 Days-away-from-work cases include those that resulted in days away from work, some of which also

included job transfer or restriction.

4 These occupations have at least 0.1% of full-time equivalent employment.

5 Excludes farms with fewer than 11 employees.6 Data for Mining (Sector 21 in the North American Industry 

include establishments not governed by the Mine Safety and Healthose in Oil and Gas Extraction and related support activities. Dnonmetal mining are provided to BLS by the Mine Safety and HeaIndependent mining contractors are excluded from the coal, metal, do not reflect the changes the Occupational Safety and Healtrequirements effective January 1, 2002; therefore, estimates for thein other industries. 

7 Data for employers in rail transportation are provided to BLS 

Department of Transportation. 

NOTE: Dash indicates data do not meet publication guidelines

nonclassifiable responses, data may not sum to the totals.

SOURCE: Bureau of Labor Statistics, U.S. Department of 

Illnesses in cooperation with participating State agencies

14
TABLE 5. Number, incidence rate1, and median days away from work2 for nonfatal occupational injuries and illnesses involving days away from wo

characteristics and private industry, state government, and local government, 2011

Characteristic

Total private, State, and local

government

Private

 industry4,5,6

State

 government4,5,6

Number Incidence rate Median days away from work Number Incidence rate Median days away from work Number Incidence rate Median days away from work 

Total .............................................................................. 1,181,290 117.3 8 908,310 105.2 8 72,650 183.4 11 

Musculoskeletal disorders7 ............................................... 387,820 38.5 11 309,940 35.9 11 19,560 49.4 15 

Nature of injury or illness:

Fractures ........................................................................... 91,860 9.1 27 74,690 8.6 29 3,500 8.8 23 Sprains, strains, tears ....................................................... 447,200 44.4 10 340,870 39.5 9 29,270 73.9 15 Amputations ...................................................................... 5,260 .5 25 5,000 .6 25 40 .1 28 

Cuts, lacerations, punctures ............................................. 96,410 9.6 4 83,660 9.7 4 2,610 6.6 4 

Cuts, lacerations ........................................................... 79,950 7.9 4 70,250 8.1 4 1,940 4.9 4 Punctures (except gunshot wounds) ............................ 16,460 1.6 3 13,410 1.6 3 670 1.7 4 

Bruise, contusions ............................................................ 102,660 10.2 5 76,680 8.9 4 6,640 16.8 6 Chemical burns and corrosions ........................................ 3,710 .4 3 3,280 .4 3 110 .3 5 Heat (thermal) burns ......................................................... 15,160 1.5 5 13,570 1.6 5 350 .9 4 Multiple traumatic injuries ................................................. 43,090 4.3 10 29,610 3.4 10 3,930 9.9 9 

With sprains .................................................................. 17,850 1.8 9 12,080 1.4 8 1,640 4.1 15 With fractures ................................................................ 8,330 .8 26 6,610 .8 28 730 1.9 7 

Soreness, pain .................................................................. 146,480 14.5 9 109,160 12.6 9 11,320 28.6 15 Carpal tunnel syndrome .................................................... 10,300 1.0 28 8,300 1.0 30 570 1.4 29 Tendonitis (other or unspecified) ...................................... 3,440 .3 14 3,050 .4 15 140 .4 24 All other natures ................................................................ 215,720 21.4 8 160,420 18.6 8 14,170 35.8 7 

Event or exposure leading to injury or illness:

Violence and other injuries by persons or animal ............. 73,240 7.3 7 33,230 3.8 4 16,880 42.6 10 

Intentional injury by other person .................................... 28,320 2.8 7 11,760 1.4 5 7,240 18.3 8 

Injury by person unintentional or intent unknown ........... 31,410 3.1 10 11,450 1.3 6 8,450 21.3 28 Animal and insect related incidents ................................ 12,890 1.3 3 9,650 1.1 3 1,100 2.8 5 

Transportation incidents ................................................... 58,660 5.8 11 40,230 4.7 12 4,610 11.6 10 

Roadway incidents involving motorized land vehicles .... 40,000 4.0 9 25,780 3.0 9 3,230 8.2 12 

Fires and explosions ......................................................... 2,200 .2 8 1,700 .2 14 20 .0 3 Falls, slips, trips ................................................................ 299,090 29.7 11 225,550 26.1 12 17,640 44.5 12 

Slips, trips without fall ..................................................... 48,080 4.8 10 35,350 4.1 10 2,760 7.0 12 

Fall on same level ........................................................... 182,930 18.2 10 134,580 15.6 10 12,070 30.5 12 Fall to lower level ............................................................ 56,770 5.6 19 46,560 5.4 21 2,340 5.9 12 

Exposure to harmful substances or enviroments .............. 48,860 4.8 4 39,120 4.5 4 3,260 8.2 5 Contact with object, equipment ......................................... 270,920 26.9 5 230,290 26.7 5 8,650 21.8 8 

Struck by object or equipment ........................................ 154,180 15.3 5 131,490 15.2 5 4,340 11.0 7 Struck against object or equipment ................................ 64,060 6.4 5 52,960 6.1 5 2,680 6.8 9 Caught in or compressed by object or equipment .......... 37,330 3.7 10 33,930 3.9 10 900 2.3 7 

Overexertion and bodily reaction ...................................... 415,800 41.3 11 329,910 38.2 11 21,150 53.4 15 

Overexertion in lifting or lowering ................................... 136,660 13.6 10 112,300 13.0 10 5,390 13.6 16 

Repetitive motion involving microtasks ........................... 34,300 3.4 23 27,690 3.2 24 1,740 4.4 25 

All other event or exposures ............................................. 12,520 1.2 10 8,270 1.0 9 440 1.1 10 

See footnotes at end of table.

15
TABLE 5. Number, incidence rate1, and median days away from work2 for nonfatal occupational injuries and illnesses involving days away from wo

characteristics and private industry, state government, and local government, 2011 — Continued

Characteristic

Total private, State, and local

government

Private

 industry4,5,6

State

 government4,5,6

Number Incidence rate Median days away from work Number Incidence rate Median days away from work Number Incidence rate Median days away from work 

Part of body affected by the injury or illness:

Head ................................................................................. 78,230 7.8 3 60,950 7.1 2 4,850 12.2 5 

Eye(s) ........................................................................... 24,790 2.5 2 20,690 2.4 2 1,030 2.6 2 

Neck .................................................................................. 16,630 1.7 7 12,120 1.4 6 1,780 4.5 7 Trunk ................................................................................. 293,390 29.1 8 236,070 27.3 8 14,910 37.6 11 

Back .............................................................................. 225,980 22.4 7 182,270 21.1 7 11,780 29.7 12 

Upper extremities .............................................................. 356,750 35.4 10 285,650 33.1 10 18,850 47.6 12 

Shoulder ....................................................................... 86,620 8.6 23 67,980 7.9 24 4,910 12.4 25 

Arm ............................................................................... 57,960 5.8 10 44,750 5.2 10 3,390 8.6 9 Wrist .............................................................................. 47,550 4.7 14 38,650 4.5 15 2,170 5.5 16 Hand ............................................................................. 140,460 13.9 5 118,170 13.7 5 5,500 13.9 6 

Lower extremities .............................................................. 270,040 26.8 12 204,040 23.6 12 15,790 39.9 15 

Knee ............................................................................. 108,440 10.8 15 78,600 9.1 15 7,820 19.7 23 

Ankle ............................................................................. 59,680 5.9 10 46,040 5.3 10 3,120 7.9 12 Foot ............................................................................... 51,340 5.1 8 42,160 4.9 9 2,140 5.4 11 

Body systems ................................................................... 26,050 2.6 4 17,520 2.0 4 2,810 7.1 5 Multiple ............................................................................. 131,300 13.0 10 86,110 10.0 10 12,990 32.8 14 All other parts of body ....................................................... 8,900 .9 4 5,840 .7 5 680 1.7 8 

Source of injury or illness:

Chemicals and chemical products .................................... 15,400 1.5 3 12,640 1.5 3 700 1.8 3 Containers ........................................................................ 126,160 12.5 10 109,310 12.7 9 4,120 10.4 19 Furniture and fixtures ........................................................ 51,090 5.1 7 38,720 4.5 6 3,000 7.6 8 Machinery ......................................................................... 58,420 5.8 8 52,310 6.1 7 1,530 3.9 7 Parts and materials ........................................................... 94,710 9.4 10 84,190 9.7 10 2,390 6.0 9 Person, injured or ill worker .............................................. 178,930 17.8 13 132,080 15.3 13 11,210 28.3 15 

Worker motion or position ............................................. 170,120 16.9 13 126,740 14.7 13 10,400 26.3 14 

Person, other than injured or ill worker ............................. 116,810 11.6 8 66,930 7.7 6 19,820 50.0 14 

Patient ........................................................................... 64,950 6.4 7 48,210 5.6 6 9,710 24.5 9 

Floors, walkways, ground surfaces ................................... 193,610 19.2 10 142,030 16.4 10 13,020 32.9 12 Handtools .......................................................................... 49,820 4.9 5 43,250 5.0 4 1,290 3.3 9 Ladder ............................................................................... 21,530 2.1 14 19,160 2.2 15 330 .8 9 Vehicles ............................................................................ 114,240 11.3 11 86,460 10.0 12 6,660 16.8 10 Trucks ............................................................................... 29,270 2.9 16 25,250 2.9 18 570 1.4 22 Cart, dolly, hand truck nonpowered .................................. 13,990 1.4 10 12,180 1.4 10 650 1.6 12 All other sources ............................................................... 160,580 15.9 5 121,230 14.0 5 8,580 21.7 5 

1 Incidence rates represent the number of injuries and illnesses per 10,000 full-time workers and were

calculated as: (N/EH) x 20,000,000 where 

N = number of injuries and illnesses EH = total hours worked by all employees 

during the calendar year 

20,000,000 = base for 10,000 equivalent full-time workers 

(working 40 hours per week, 50 weeks per year)

2 Median days away from work is the measure used to summarize the varying lengths of absences

from work among the cases with days away from work. Half the cases involved more days and halfinvolved less days than a specified median. Median days away from work are represented in actualvalues.

3 Days-away-from-work cases include those that resulted in days away from work, some of which also

included job transfer or restriction.

4 Excludes farms with fewer than 11 employees.5 Data for Mining (Sector 21 in the North American Industry Classification System-- United States,

2007) include establishments not governed by the Mine Safety and Health Administration rules andreporting, such as those in Oil and Gas Extraction and related support activities. Data for mining

operators in coal, metal, and nonmetal mining are provided to Administration, U.S. Department of Labor. Independent mining cometal, and nonmetal mining industries. These data do not reflect and Health Administration made to its recordkeeping requirements estimates for these industries are not comparable to estimates in ot

6 Data for employers in rail transportation are provided to BLS b

U.S. Department of Transportation. 

7 Musculoskeletal disorders (MSD) include cases where the na

nerve; herniated disc; meniscus tear; sprains, strains, tears; hernswelling, and numbness; carpal or tarsal tunnel syndrome; Rmusculoskeletal system and connective tissue diseases and disleading to the injury or illness is overexertion and bodily reactiooutside sources; repetitive motion involving microtasks; other and and rubbed, abraded, or jarred by vibration.

NOTE: Dash indicates data do not meet publication guideli

exclusion of nonclassifiable responses, data may not sum to the tot

SOURCE: Bureau of Labor Statistics, U.S. Department of Labo

Illnesses in cooperation with participating State agencies

16
TABLE 6. Number, incidence rate1, and median days away from work2 for nonfatal occupational injuries and illnesses involving days away from 

groups in private industry, state government, and local government, 2011

Characteristic

Total private, State, and local

government

Private

 industry4,5,6

State

 government4,5,6

Number Incidence rate Median days away from work Number Incidence rate Median days away from work Number Incidence rate Median days away from work Num

Total cases ........................................................... 1,181,290 117.3 8 908,310 105.2 8 72,650 183.4 11 20Gender:

Male .................................................................. 718,130 128.0 10 559,740 112.3 9 39,360 231.8 12 11Female .............................................................. 458,250 103.7 7 344,730 95.3 7 33,150 147.0 10 8Not reported ...................................................... 4,910 – 12 3,840 – 14 140 – 9 

Age:

14 - 15 .............................................................. 200 – 2 200 – 2 – – – 16 - 19 .............................................................. 21,030 109.0 3 20,030 108.3 3 190 92.3 7 

20 - 24 .............................................................. 95,670 112.6 5 85,940 109.0 5 3,730 185.5 8 25 - 34 .............................................................. 244,410 107.1 6 198,660 98.8 6 12,140 151.7 10 335 - 44 .............................................................. 270,880 119.8 9 202,270 104.8 9 18,540 211.0 12 545 - 54 .............................................................. 309,620 128.9 11 225,680 111.3 12 23,240 220.8 12 655 - 64 .............................................................. 180,270 117.9 12 133,740 106.9 14 11,960 153.0 13 365 and over ....................................................... 35,210 99.9 14 26,670 88.7 14 1,390 94.7 18 

1 Incidence rates represent the number of injuries and illnesses per 10,000 full-time workers and

were calculated as: (N/EH) x 20,000,000 where 

N = number of injuries and illnessesEH = total hours worked by all employees

during the calendar year

20,000,000 = base for 10,000 equivalent full-time workers 

(working 40 hours per week, 50 weeks per year)

2 Median days away from work is the measure used to summarize the varying lengths of

absences from work among the cases with days away from work. Half the cases involved more daysand half involved less days than a specified median. Median days away from work are representedin actual values.

3 Days-away-from-work cases include those that resulted in days away from work, some of which

also included job transfer or restriction.

4 Excludes farms with fewer than 11 employees.

5 Data for Mining (Sector 21 in the North American Industr

States, 2007) include establishments not governed by the Mine rules and reporting, such as those in Oil and Gas Extraction and remining operators in coal, metal, and nonmetal mining are provideHealth Administration, U.S. Department of Labor. Independent from the coal, metal, and nonmetal mining industries. These datOccupational Safety and Health Administration made to its recoJanuary 1, 2002; therefore, estimates for these industries are not industries. 

6 Data for employers in rail transportation are provided to 

Administration, U.S. Department of Transportation. 

NOTE: Dash indicates data do not meet publication guidelines

exclusion of nonclassifiable responses, data may not sum to the tot

SOURCE: Bureau of Labor Statistics, U.S. Department of Labo

and Illnesses in cooperation with participating State agencies

17
TABLE 7. Number, percent distribution, and median days away from work1 for nonfatal occupational injuries and illnesses involving days away 

ethnic origin and length of service in private industry, state government, and local government, 2011

Characteristic

Total private, State, and local

government

Private

industry3,4,5

State

government3,4,5

Number Percent

Median

days away

from work

Number Percent

Median

days away

from work

Number Percent

Median

days away

from work

Num

Total cases ........................................................... 1,181,290 100.0 8 908,310 100.0 8 72,650 100.0 11 20Race or ethnic origin:6

White only ......................................................... 487,260 41.2 7 377,530 41.6 7 24,130 33.2 11 8Black only ......................................................... 94,380 8.0 8 70,290 7.7 7 9,970 13.7 13 1Hispanic or Latino only ..................................... 134,000 11.3 10 117,210 12.9 8 2,650 3.6 17 1Asian only ......................................................... 14,020 1.2 7 12,070 1.3 7 460 .6 14 Native Hawaiian or Pacific Islander only .......... 3,480 .3 12 2,880 .3 11 230 .3 28 American Indian or Alaskan Native only ........... 5,230 .4 5 4,350 .5 5 200 .3 5 Hispanic or Latino and other race ..................... 590 7 ( ) 16 500 .1 14 – – – 

Multi-race .......................................................... 760 .1 8 660 .1 7 – – – Not reported ...................................................... 441,580 37.4 10 322,840 35.5 10 34,990 48.2 10 8

Length of service with employer:

Less than 3 months .......................................... 93,460 7.9 6 88,540 9.7 6 1,510 2.1 7 3 - 11 months .................................................... 178,370 15.1 7 163,570 18.0 6 5,120 7.0 9 1 - 5 years ......................................................... 388,320 32.9 7 315,900 34.8 7 21,020 28.9 10 5More than 5 years ............................................. 496,930 42.1 11 325,090 35.8 12 43,040 59.2 13 12

1 Median days away from work is the measure used to summarize the varying lengths of

absences from work among the cases with days away from work. Half the cases involved more daysand half involved less days than a specified median. Median days away from work are representedin actual values.

2 Days-away-from-work cases include those that resulted in days away from work, some of which

also included job transfer or restriction.

3 Excludes farms with fewer than 11 employees.4 Data for Mining (Sector 21 in the North American Industry Classification System-- United

States, 2007) include establishments not governed by the Mine Safety and Health Administrationrules and reporting, such as those in Oil and Gas Extraction and related support activities. Data formining operators in coal, metal, and nonmetal mining are provided to BLS by the Mine Safety andHealth Administration, U.S. Department of Labor. Independent mining contractors are excludedfrom the coal, metal, and nonmetal mining industries. These data do not reflect the changes the

Occupational Safety and Health Administration made to its recoJanuary 1, 2002; therefore, estimates for these industries are not industries. 

5 Data for employers in rail transportation are provided to 

Administration, U.S. Department of Transportation. 

6 Race and ethnicity data do not add to total. Some cases m

and Hispanic and other race.

7 Data too small to be displayed.

NOTE: Dash indicates data do not meet publication guidelines

exclusion of nonclassifiable responses, data may not sum to the tot

SOURCE: Bureau of Labor Statistics, U.S. Department of Labo

and Illnesses in cooperation with participating State agencies

18
TABLE 8. Number of nonfatal occupational injuries and illnesses involving days away from work1 by selected worker characteristics and major 

Characteristic

Private

industry

2,3,4

Goods producing Service providing

Total

goods

producing

Natural

resources

and

mining2,3

Construction Manufac- turing Total service providing Trade, transpor- tation and utilities4 Informa- tion Financial activities Profes- sional and business services E

Total cases .............................................. 908,310 223,920 23,280 71,600 129,030 684,390 277,490 14,030 27,360 71,240 1Gender:

Male ..................................................... 559,740 191,790 20,290 69,650 101,840 367,950 194,120 10,520 16,100 46,510 Female ................................................. 344,730 31,970 2,950 1,920 27,110 312,750 80,250 3,500 11,250 24,710 1

Age:

16 - 19 ................................................. 20,030 3,660 640 1,360 1,660 16,370 6,500 80 120 1,120 20 - 24 ................................................. 85,940 19,380 2,870 6,050 10,450 66,560 26,170 630 2,060 6,610 25 - 34 ................................................. 198,660 52,320 6,550 20,310 25,470 146,330 56,060 3,050 4,810 18,180 35 - 44 ................................................. 202,270 52,060 5,340 17,170 29,560 150,210 61,960 3,530 6,230 16,130 45 - 54 ................................................. 225,680 57,610 4,570 17,870 35,180 168,070 71,520 4,110 7,480 16,070 55 - 64 ................................................. 133,740 30,940 2,450 6,820 21,660 102,800 42,510 2,240 5,030 8,920 65 and over .......................................... 26,670 3,560 390 580 2,600 23,110 9,940 190 1,290 2,210 

Length of service with employer:

Less than 3 months ............................. 88,540 28,520 4,830 10,530 13,160 60,020 24,510 370 1,210 8,290 3 - 11 months ....................................... 163,570 42,020 4,640 14,570 22,810 121,550 45,850 1,330 5,620 14,430 1 - 5 years ............................................ 315,900 68,040 7,490 24,530 36,020 247,860 94,100 4,160 9,870 28,460 More than 5 years ................................ 325,090 82,450 5,710 21,190 55,550 242,640 106,960 7,910 10,390 19,090 

Race or ethnic origin:5

White only ............................................ 377,530 109,670 5,280 41,320 63,080 267,850 104,370 3,680 10,850 30,590 Black only ............................................ 70,290 11,880 440 1,690 9,750 58,410 15,770 540 1,770 5,700 Hispanic or Latino only ........................ 117,210 41,370 9,440 12,360 19,570 75,840 24,080 560 4,900 11,420 Asian only ............................................ 12,070 2,580 100 320 2,160 9,490 2,350 70 430 740 Native Hawaiian or Pacific Islander

only .................................................... 2,880 470 20 170 280 2,410 680 20 110 250 

American Indian or Alaskan Native

only .................................................... 4,350 790 40 230 510 3,560 1,520 20 70 260 

Hispanic or Latino and other race ........ 500 70 – – 50 430 150 – – 60 Multi-race ............................................. 660 130 – 20 110 530 200 – – 20 Not reported ......................................... 322,840 56,960 7,940 15,500 33,520 265,880 128,360 9,130 9,230 22,210 

1 Days-away-from-work cases include those that resulted in days away from work, some of which

also included job transfer or restriction.

2 Excludes farms with fewer than 11 employees.3 Data for Mining (Sector 21 in the North American Industry Classification System-- United States,

2007) include establishments not governed by the Mine Safety and Health Administration rules andreporting, such as those in Oil and Gas Extraction and related support activities. Data for miningoperators in coal, metal, and nonmetal mining are provided to BLS by the Mine Safety and HealthAdministration, U.S. Department of Labor. Independent mining contractors are excluded from thecoal, metal, and nonmetal mining industries. These data do not reflect the changes the OccupationalSafety and Health Administration made to its recordkeeping requirements effective January 1, 2002;

therefore, estimates for these industries are not comparable to estim

4 Data for employers in rail transportation are provided t

Administration, U.S. Department of Transportation. 

5 Race and ethnicity data do not add to total. Some cases may 

Hispanic and other race.

NOTE: Dash indicates data do not meet publication guideline

exclusion of nonclassifiable responses, data may not sum to the tot

SOURCE: Bureau of Labor Statistics, U.S. Department of Labo

and Illnesses in cooperation with participating State agencies

19
TABLE 9. Number of nonfatal occupational injuries and illnesses involving days away from work1 by selected worker occupation and major private i

Occupation

Private

industry

2,3,4

Goods producing Service providing

Total

goods

producing

Natural

resources

and

mining2,3

Construction Manufac- turing Total service providing Trade, transpor- tation and utilities4 Informa- tion Financial activities Profes- sional and business services 

Total cases ................................................................ 908,310 223,920 23,280 71,600 129,030 684,390 277,490 14,030 27,360 71,240 Laborers and freight, stock, and material movers,

hand ........................................................................ 53,660 11,070 460 160 10,440 42,590 35,620 540 520 3,870 

Heavy and tractor-trailer truck drivers ....................... 42,210 6,790 950 2,010 3,830 35,420 31,720 20 180 2,960 Nursing assistants ..................................................... 40,300 – – – – 40,300 – – 90 180 Production workers, all other .................................... 26,340 21,500 310 420 20,770 4,840 2,980 180 70 1,000 Light truck or delivery services drivers ...................... 25,380 2,150 230 430 1,490 23,230 19,060 190 320 1,120 Janitors and cleaners, except maids and

housekeeping cleaners ........................................... 24,450 2,050 150 190 1,710 22,400 2,950 90 2,840 8,140 

Retail salespersons ................................................... 23,430 50 – – 50 23,380 22,270 30 100 130 Registered nurses ..................................................... 22,150 – – – – 22,130 250 – 70 230 Stock clerks and order fillers ..................................... 21,260 1,010 40 60 910 20,240 19,010 20 50 420 Maintenance and repair workers, general ................. 21,230 5,830 510 970 4,360 15,400 4,060 170 3,390 2,290 Construction laborers ................................................ 18,600 16,270 70 15,700 500 2,330 720 20 100 1,220 Maids and housekeeping cleaners ........................... 17,760 140 – 50 80 17,620 130 – 1,090 1,290 Food preparation workers ......................................... 13,880 130 – – 120 13,750 5,760 – 20 30 First-line supervisors of retail sales workers ............. 12,700 30 – – 30 12,670 12,280 20 80 30 Assemblers and fabricators, all other ........................ 12,380 10,600 20 360 10,220 1,780 1,200 – 40 260 Automotive service technicians and mechanics ....... 12,150 120 30 – 90 12,030 8,090 – 40 100 Carpenters ................................................................ 10,860 9,500 40 8,950 510 1,360 610 – 120 230 Landscaping and groundskeeping workers .............. 10,180 440 100 280 60 9,740 650 80 460 5,640 Customer service representatives ............................ 9,040 260 – 30 230 8,780 4,490 750 1,520 1,180 Cashiers .................................................................... 9,100 70 – – 70 9,030 7,510 – 40 100 Driver/sales workers ................................................. 8,650 1,800 – – 1,770 6,850 4,790 310 80 240 Personal care aides .................................................. 8,200 – – – – 8,200 – – – 60 Cooks, restaurant ...................................................... 8,080 – – – – 8,080 40 – – – Electricians ................................................................ 8,020 6,880 130 5,900 850 1,140 420 – – 450 Home health aides .................................................... 7,740 – – – – 7,740 – – – 190 Combined food preparation and serving workers,

including fast food ................................................... 7,560 – – – – 7,550 1,670 – – – 

Farmworkers and laborers, crop, nursery, and

greenhouse ............................................................. 7,400 7,000 6,920 – 70 400 390 – – – 

Security guards ......................................................... 6,550 120 – – 90 6,440 340 70 160 3,960 Installation, maintenance, and repair workers, all

other ........................................................................ 6,330 2,190 240 930 1,020 4,140 2,270 130 400 580 

Licensed practical and licensed vocational nurses ... 6,050 – – – – 6,050 – – – 110 Waiters and waitresses ............................................. 5,760 – – – – 5,760 60 – 100 30 Industrial truck and tractor operators ........................ 5,460 2,180 260 260 1,660 3,280 2,990 – 40 180 Heating, air conditioning, and refrigeration

mechanics and installers ......................................... 5,090 4,100 – 3,990 110 990 610 – 60 80 

1 Days-away-from-work cases include those that resulted in days away from work, some of which also

included job transfer or restriction.

2 Excludes farms with fewer than 11 employees.3 Data for Mining (Sector 21 in the North American Industry Classification System-- United States, 2007)

include establishments not governed by the Mine Safety and Health Administration rules and reporting,such as those in Oil and Gas Extraction and related support activities. Data for mining operators in coal,metal, and nonmetal mining are provided to BLS by the Mine Safety and Health Administration, U.S.Department of Labor. Independent mining contractors are excluded from the coal, metal, and nonmetalmining industries. These data do not reflect the changes the Occupational Safety and Health

Administration made to its recordkeeping requirements effective Jthese industries are not comparable to estimates in other industries

4 Data for employers in rail transportation are provided to BLS 

U.S. Department of Transportation. 

NOTE: Dash indicates data do not meet publication guidelines. 

of nonclassifiable responses, data may not sum to the totals.

SOURCE: Bureau of Labor Statistics, U.S. Department of Lab

Illnesses in cooperation with participating State agencies

20
TABLE 10. Percent distribution of nonfatal occupational injuries and illnesses involving days away from work1 by selected

worker characteristics and number of days away from work, private industry sector, 2011

Characteristic Total cases

Percent of days-away-from-work cases involving — M

day

1 day 2 days 3 - 5 days 6 - 10 days fro

11 - 20 days 21 - 30 days 31 days or more

Total private industry [908,310 cases] ..... 100.0 13.9 10.8 17.8 11.8 11.3 6.5 27.9 Gender:

Male ..................................................... 100.0 13.3 10.2 17.3 11.7 11.3 6.9 29.3 Female ................................................. 100.0 14.9 11.8 18.6 12.0 11.1 6.0 25.5 

Age:

16 - 19 ................................................. 100.0 25.2 14.9 22.5 11.7 9.1 4.2 12.6 20 - 24 ................................................. 100.0 19.7 13.7 21.8 13.3 11.1 5.1 15.3 25 - 34 ................................................. 100.0 16.4 12.5 20.2 12.1 11.0 5.9 22.0 35 - 44 ................................................. 100.0 13.3 11.0 17.0 11.8 10.6 6.4 29.8 45 - 54 ................................................. 100.0 11.5 9.5 16.2 11.3 11.6 7.4 32.6 55 - 64 ................................................. 100.0 10.7 8.6 15.2 11.9 11.7 7.3 34.7 65 and over .......................................... 100.0 7.9 7.2 16.6 11.1 13.8 7.0 36.3 

Length of service with employer:

Less than 3 months ............................. 100.0 17.1 13.0 18.8 12.0 9.7 6.2 23.1 3 - 11 months ....................................... 100.0 16.2 11.9 19.2 12.1 11.0 5.4 24.2 1 - 5 years ............................................ 100.0 14.4 11.6 19.0 11.7 10.8 6.3 26.3 More than 5 years ................................ 100.0 11.5 9.0 15.7 11.8 12.0 7.5 32.4 

Race or ethnic origin:2

White only ............................................ 100.0 15.6 11.6 18.0 11.3 11.0 6.9 25.6 Black only ............................................ 100.0 14.1 11.6 19.4 11.8 11.0 5.7 26.5 Hispanic or Latino only ........................ 100.0 13.6 11.6 17.0 12.6 11.1 6.4 27.8 Asian only ............................................ 100.0 13.5 11.3 18.6 15.1 11.3 8.3 21.9 Native Hawaiian or Pacific Islander

only .................................................... 100.0 14.6 7.6 17.4 10.1 10.8 5.2 34.4 

American Indian or Alaskan Native

only .................................................... 100.0 20.7 9.9 19.8 14.0 9.2 4.8 21.4 

Hispanic or Latino and other race ........ 100.0 6.0 8.0 18.0 12.0 12.0 10.0 34.0 Multi-race ............................................. 100.0 16.7 4.5 25.8 7.6 15.2 10.6 21.2 Not reported ......................................... 100.0 11.9 9.5 17.5 12.1 11.6 6.4 31.1 

1 Days-away-from-work cases include those that resulted in days away

from work, some of which also included job transfer or restriction.

2 Race and ethnicity data do not add to total. Some cases may be

counted as both Multi-race and Hispanic and other race.

NOTE: Dash indicates data do not meet publication guidelines. 

Because of rounding and data exclusion of nonclassifiable responsmay not sum to the totals.

SOURCE: Bureau of Labor Statistics, U.S. Department of Labo

of Occupational Injuries and Illnesses in cooperation with participatagencies

21
TABLE 11. Percent distribution of nonfatal occupational injuries and illnesses involving days away from work1 by selected pri

sector occupation and number of days away from work, 2011

Occupation Total cases

Percent of days-away-from-work cases involving — 

1 day 2 days 3 - 5 days 6 - 10 days 

11 - 20 days 21 - 30 days 31 days or more

Total private industry [908,310 cases] ................... 100.0 13.9 10.8 17.8 11.8 11.3 6.5 27.9 Laborers and freight, stock, and material movers,

hand ..................................................................... 100.0 14.6 10.4 16.9 11.6 10.9 6.5 29.1 

Heavy and tractor-trailer truck drivers .................... 100.0 9.0 6.9 13.7 10.1 10.1 9.6 40.5 Nursing assistants .................................................. 100.0 15.5 13.5 22.2 13.7 10.2 5.2 19.7 Production workers, all other .................................. 100.0 15.6 10.3 17.8 10.8 11.6 6.4 27.5 Light truck or delivery services drivers ................... 100.0 9.1 10.0 16.1 9.7 11.7 6.3 37.0 Janitors and cleaners, except maids and

housekeeping cleaners ........................................ 100.0 12.9 11.7 21.0 14.5 9.2 6.3 24.5 

Retail salespersons ................................................ 100.0 15.2 12.0 18.2 10.5 10.3 6.3 27.4 Registered nurses .................................................. 100.0 13.3 9.9 19.5 15.1 12.6 6.6 23.1 Stock clerks and order fillers .................................. 100.0 13.8 10.0 17.1 13.0 10.7 6.9 28.6 Maintenance and repair workers, general .............. 100.0 13.7 9.8 19.3 11.4 11.7 6.5 27.5 Construction laborers ............................................. 100.0 12.4 8.3 18.2 9.0 12.2 5.7 34.1 Maids and housekeeping cleaners ......................... 100.0 15.8 9.5 20.8 12.2 11.8 5.2 24.8 Food preparation workers ...................................... 100.0 17.1 15.1 21.5 12.2 11.9 4.6 17.6 First-line supervisors of retail sales workers .......... 100.0 14.0 10.2 18.1 8.8 14.3 8.5 26.0 Assemblers and fabricators, all other ..................... 100.0 15.7 11.4 17.4 10.5 11.2 6.0 27.9 Automotive service technicians and mechanics ..... 100.0 17.5 11.2 16.9 13.4 8.6 9.5 22.8 Carpenters ............................................................. 100.0 11.2 9.0 12.3 8.4 10.8 9.4 38.9 Landscaping and groundskeeping workers ............ 100.0 16.1 9.3 23.0 8.4 8.1 8.2 27.1 Customer service representatives .......................... 100.0 13.2 10.2 16.2 17.1 8.7 8.2 26.5 Cashiers ................................................................. 100.0 12.9 13.1 17.3 13.6 10.5 4.7 27.8 Driver/sales workers ............................................... 100.0 10.2 8.0 15.6 12.8 11.9 7.1 34.5 Personal care aides ............................................... 100.0 11.6 8.8 18.0 16.3 11.7 4.6 29.0 Cooks, restaurant ................................................... 100.0 18.3 12.4 22.8 12.1 10.3 6.1 18.2 Electricians ............................................................. 100.0 12.2 13.8 8.1 7.9 15.5 8.9 33.9 Home health aides ................................................. 100.0 9.3 7.4 16.4 15.8 12.0 7.2 31.9 Combined food preparation and serving workers,

including fast food ................................................ 100.0 16.1 13.4 18.4 18.7 7.8 6.2 19.4 

Farmworkers and laborers, crop, nursery, and

greenhouse .......................................................... 100.0 17.0 8.6 18.5 13.2 9.3 7.6 25.7 

Security guards ...................................................... 100.0 13.1 11.9 17.4 11.1 11.8 6.6 28.1 Installation, maintenance, and repair workers, all

other ..................................................................... 100.0 12.0 7.3 15.0 15.3 10.1 10.3 30.2 

Licensed practical and licensed vocational nurses 100.0 15.2 13.4 19.3 12.6 11.4 4.6 23.5 Waiters and waitresses .......................................... 100.0 11.6 12.0 17.4 14.6 13.7 8.5 22.2 Industrial truck and tractor operators ..................... 100.0 9.0 8.2 20.9 11.2 11.0 6.0 33.5 Heating, air conditioning, and refrigeration

mechanics and installers ...................................... 100.0 13.6 7.1 13.6 9.4 16.1 8.8 31.4 

1 Days-away-from-work cases include those that resulted in days away from

work, some of which also included job transfer or restriction.

NOTE: Dash indicates data do not meet publication guidelines. Because of

rounding and data exclusion of nonclassifiable responses, data may not sum to

the totals.

SOURCE: Bureau of Labor Statistics, U.S. Department of Labo

Occupational Injuries and Illnesses in cooperation with particiagencies

22
TABLE 12. Incidence rates1 for nonfatal occupational injuries and illnesses involving days away from work2 per 10,000 ful

workers by major private industry sector and number of days away from work, 2011

Industry Total cases

Incidence rate for days-away-from-work cases involving — Me

day

1 day 2 days 3 - 5 days from 

6 - 10 days 11 - 20 days 21 - 30 days 31 days or more

Private industry3 [908,310 cases] ................. 105.2 14.6 11.4 18.7 12.4 11.8 6.9 29.3 Goods producing:

Total goods producing ........................... 124.1 16.8 12.0 19.5 13.6 15.0 8.7 38.5 

Natural resources and mining3,4 ........ 141.7 15.5 12.8 25.8 16.2 16.7 9.9 44.9 

Agriculture, forestry, fishing, and

hunting ......................................... 184.7 23.7 18.6 41.0 22.8 20.0 12.2 46.3 

Mining ............................................ 92.4 6.1 6.1 8.2 8.6 12.9 7.2 43.3 

Construction ...................................... 147.4 18.5 13.7 20.9 15.0 16.9 10.9 51.5 Manufacturing .................................... 111.8 16.2 11.2 18.0 12.6 13.9 7.7 32.2 

Service providing:

Total service providing .......................... 100.2 14.1 11.2 18.5 12.1 11.0 6.4 26.9 

Trade, transportation and utilities5 ..... 134.6 16.6 12.9 22.9 15.9 15.2 9.4 41.7 

Wholesale trade ............................ 108.0 14.0 10.6 18.6 13.5 12.2 7.9 31.2 Retail trade .................................... 116.2 17.4 13.6 21.0 13.5 13.0 7.0 30.7 Transportation and warehousing ... 226.1 18.8 14.5 35.0 26.4 25.4 18.0 88.1 Utilities ........................................... 104.8 8.6 8.5 18.8 12.6 15.6 9.0 31.7 

Information ........................................ 60.3 5.8 5.5 9.9 7.1 6.5 4.4 21.0 Financial activities ............................. 41.2 5.7 5.4 7.0 4.9 5.0 2.7 10.5 

Real estate and rental and leasing 108.0 11.1 13.4 19.5 14.8 14.1 6.7 28.4 

Professional and business services .. 54.5 9.0 6.7 10.0 6.2 5.1 3.1 14.4 

Professional, scientific, and

technical services ........................ 25.9 5.4 3.4 4.6 2.8 2.2 2.3 5.1 

Management of companies and

enterprises ................................... 37.7 6.6 3.0 8.3 4.4 5.6 2.1 7.7 

Administrative and support and

waste management andremediation services ................... 104.8 15.5 13.3 18.9 12.1 9.1 4.8 31.2 

Education and health services .......... 126.8 19.2 15.4 25.5 16.9 14.4 7.2 28.1 

Educational services ..................... 60.8 8.4 6.2 11.5 7.5 8.9 3.1 15.1 Health care and social assistance 136.1 20.7 16.7 27.5 18.2 15.2 7.8 30.0 

Leisure and hospitality ....................... 101.4 15.8 12.9 20.3 12.3 11.2 5.5 23.5 

Arts, entertainment, and recreation 123.7 20.0 16.1 21.1 14.4 14.4 7.4 30.1 Accommodation and food services 97.7 15.1 12.3 20.1 11.9 10.6 5.2 22.4 

Other services ................................... 92.6 13.9 10.9 18.7 9.1 8.2 7.9 23.9 

1 Incidence rates represent the number of injuries and illnesses per

10,000 full-time workers and were calculated as: (N/EH) x 20,000,000where 

N = number of injuries and illnessesEH = total hours worked by all employees

during the calendar year

20,000,000 = base for 10,000 equivalent full-time workers 

(working 40 hours per week, 50 weeks per year)

2 Days-away-from-work cases include those that resulted in days away

from work, some of which also included job transfer or restriction.

3 Excludes farms with fewer than 11 employees.4 Data for Mining (Sector 21 in the North American Industry

Classification System-- United States, 2007) include establishments notgoverned by the Mine Safety and Health Administration rules andreporting, such as those in Oil and Gas Extraction and related support

activities. Data for mining operators in coal, metal, and nonmetaare provided to BLS by the Mine Safety and Health AdministratioDepartment of Labor. Independent mining contractors are excludthe coal, metal, and nonmetal mining industries. These data do nothe changes the Occupational Safety and Health Administration mits recordkeeping requirements effective January 1, 2002; thestimates for these industries are not comparable to estimates industries. 

5 Data for employers in rail transportation are provided to BLS 

Federal Railroad Administration, U.S. Department of Transportation

NOTE: Dash indicates data do not meet publication guid

Because of rounding and data exclusion of nonclassifiable responsmay not sum to the totals.

SOURCE: Bureau of Labor Statistics, U.S. Department of 

Survey of Occupational Injuries and Illnesses in cooperatioparticipating State agencies

23
TABLE 13. Number of nonfatal occupational injuries and illnesses involving days away from work1 by time, hours on the job, day of week, and m

2011

Characteristic

Private

industry

2,3,4

Goods producing Service providing

Total

goods

producing

Natural

resources

and

mining2,3

Construction Manufac- turing Total service providing Trade, transpor- tation and utilities4 Informa- tion Financial activities Profes- sional and business services E

Total ......................................................... 908,310 223,920 23,280 71,600 129,030 684,390 277,490 14,030 27,360 71,240 1Time of event:

12:01 A.M. to 4:00 A.M. ....................... 29,180 7,630 880 400 6,360 21,540 10,540 540 110 1,650 4:01 A.M. to 8:00 A.M. ......................... 88,410 24,510 2,410 5,350 16,750 63,900 28,830 860 1,210 5,850 8:01 A.M. to 12:00 noon ...................... 256,400 68,010 6,970 25,820 35,230 188,390 78,320 4,570 7,830 21,790 12:01 P.M. to 4:00 P.M. ....................... 203,970 49,450 5,790 18,400 25,260 154,520 63,810 3,650 7,400 15,230 4:01 P.M. to 8:00 P.M. ......................... 104,430 17,390 2,160 3,390 11,830 87,050 34,660 1,810 2,290 6,550 8:01 P.M. to 12:00 midnight ................. 54,610 10,260 1,010 750 8,500 44,350 17,810 450 580 3,810 Not reported ......................................... 171,310 46,670 4,070 17,480 25,120 124,640 43,520 2,140 7,940 16,360 

Hours on the job before event

occurred:

Before shift began ............................... 7,330 1,530 40 510 970 5,800 1,570 190 360 560 Less than 1 hour .................................. 74,390 14,780 1,120 3,990 9,670 59,610 24,830 1,030 1,890 5,790 1 hour to less than 2 hours .................. 87,080 18,890 1,520 5,730 11,640 68,190 28,300 1,550 2,220 6,080 2 hours to less than 4 hours ................ 183,200 42,610 3,140 14,740 24,730 140,600 58,410 3,200 4,140 14,460 4 hours to less than 6 hours ................ 145,460 34,750 3,400 10,120 21,230 110,710 46,180 2,200 3,450 10,750 6 hours to less than 8 hours ................ 124,930 32,960 3,070 10,240 19,650 91,980 36,740 2,050 3,850 9,150 8 hours to less than 10 hours .............. 64,620 18,700 2,220 6,520 9,960 45,920 20,490 1,170 2,040 5,310 10 hours to less than 12 hours ............ 18,090 5,250 860 1,040 3,350 12,840 5,530 310 220 1,090 12 hours to less than 16 hours ............ 6,870 1,170 160 260 750 5,690 2,120 100 300 740 More than 16 hours ............................. 720 110 20 40 50 610 290 – – 30 Not reported ......................................... 195,610 53,170 7,730 18,390 27,050 142,440 53,010 2,220 8,880 17,300 

Day of week:

Sunday ................................................ 56,570 6,220 990 1,380 3,840 50,350 18,990 700 690 2,970 Monday ................................................ 159,390 44,020 4,050 15,090 24,880 115,370 47,400 2,610 4,830 12,650 Tuesday ............................................... 162,760 44,170 4,280 13,570 26,310 118,590 48,990 2,330 4,580 13,800 Wednesday .......................................... 157,670 41,180 4,130 13,160 23,890 116,490 48,090 2,590 6,170 13,350 Thursday .............................................. 156,230 41,230 3,780 12,670 24,770 115,000 47,430 2,380 5,090 13,870 Friday ................................................... 139,690 34,830 3,430 12,810 18,580 104,870 43,090 2,380 4,160 9,590 Saturday .............................................. 76,010 12,290 2,610 2,920 6,750 63,720 23,490 1,040 1,840 5,010 

1 Days-away-from-work cases include those that resulted in days away from work, some of which

also included job transfer or restriction.

2 Excludes farms with fewer than 11 employees.3 Data for Mining (Sector 21 in the North American Industry Classification System-- United States,

2007) include establishments not governed by the Mine Safety and Health Administration rules andreporting, such as those in Oil and Gas Extraction and related support activities. Data for miningoperators in coal, metal, and nonmetal mining are provided to BLS by the Mine Safety and HealthAdministration, U.S. Department of Labor. Independent mining contractors are excluded from thecoal, metal, and nonmetal mining industries. These data do not reflect the changes the Occupational

Safety and Health Administration made to its recordkeeping requitherefore, estimates for these industries are not comparable to estim

4 Data for employers in rail transportation are provided t

Administration, U.S. Department of Transportation. 

NOTE: Dash indicates data do not meet publication guideline

exclusion of nonclassifiable responses, data may not sum to the tot

SOURCE: Bureau of Labor Statistics, U.S. Department of Labo

and Illnesses in cooperation with participating State agencies

24
TABLE 14. Incidence rates1 for nonfatal occupational injuries and illnesses involving days away from work2 per 10,000 full-time workers by selected in

gender and age of worker, private industry, state government, and local government, 2011

Characteristic

Total

incidence

rate

Gender Age

Male Female 16-19 20-24 25-34 35-44 

Total private, state and local government sectors [1,181,290 cases] ............................. 117.3 128.0 103.7 109.0 112.6 107.1 119.8 Musculoskeletal disorders3 ......................................................................................... 38.5 41.7 34.6 23.4 32.9 35.4 40.9 

Nature of injury or illness:

Fractures ..................................................................................................................... 9.1 10.3 7.7 5.0 6.7 7.8 7.4 Sprains, strains, tears ................................................................................................. 44.4 47.6 40.2 31.0 37.9 40.9 48.9 Amputations ................................................................................................................ .5 .8 .1 .6 .8 .5 .6 

Cuts, lacerations, punctures ....................................................................................... 9.6 13.0 5.3 26.8 16.3 10.2 8.8 

Cuts, lacerations ..................................................................................................... 7.9 11.0 4.2 23.7 13.6 8.3 7.1 Punctures (except gunshot wounds) ....................................................................... 1.6 2.0 1.1 3.1 2.8 1.9 1.6 

Bruise, contusions ....................................................................................................... 10.2 9.4 11.1 10.0 10.4 9.9 9.2 Chemical burns and corrosions .................................................................................. .4 .5 .2 .4 .6 .3 .5 

Heat (thermal) burns ................................................................................................... 1.5 1.7 1.2 4.0 3.7 1.4 1.5 Multiple traumatic injuries ........................................................................................... 4.3 4.5 4.0 3.6 3.1 3.7 4.0 

With sprains ............................................................................................................ 1.8 1.7 1.9 1.3 1.1 1.6 1.9 With fractures .......................................................................................................... .8 1.0 .6 .4 .8 .6 .7 

Soreness, pain ............................................................................................................ 14.5 15.0 14.1 8.7 13.6 13.0 14.9 Carpal tunnel syndrome .............................................................................................. 1.0 .6 1.5 – .2 .6 .9 

Tendonitis (other or unspecified) ................................................................................ .3 .3 .5 .2 .3 .3 .4 

All other natures .......................................................................................................... 21.4 24.3 17.7 18.6 19.1 18.5 22.8 

Event or exposure leading to injury or illness:

Violence and other injuries by persons or animal ....................................................... 7.3 6.8 8.0 6.0 8.2 8.8 9.0 

Intentional injury by other person .............................................................................. 2.8 2.3 3.5 1.8 4.1 3.4 3.1 Injury by person unintentional or intent unknown ...................................................... 3.1 3.0 3.3 1.8 2.1 3.9 4.3 Animal and insect related incidents .......................................................................... 1.3 1.4 1.1 2.4 1.9 1.5 1.4 

Transportation incidents .............................................................................................. 5.8 7.4 3.8 3.7 4.8 5.6 6.4 

Roadway incidents involving motorized land vehicles .............................................. 4.0 4.8 3.0 1.8 3.0 3.7 4.5 

Fires and explosions ................................................................................................... .2 .4 – .1 .2 .4 .3 

Falls, slips, trips .......................................................................................................... 29.7 27.1 33.0 18.0 18.0 21.2 27.1 

Slips, trips without fall ............................................................................................... 4.8 5.2 4.1 2.5 4.0 3.8 5.3 Fall on same level ..................................................................................................... 18.2 13.1 24.7 11.2 10.0 11.6 15.4 Fall to lower level ...................................................................................................... 5.6 7.5 3.4 3.5 3.4 4.8 5.4 

Exposure to harmful substances or enviroments ........................................................ 4.8 5.3 4.3 8.5 7.8 4.5 5.3 Contact with object, equipment ................................................................................... 26.9 35.0 16.6 46.1 38.2 28.1 26.2 

Struck by object or equipment .................................................................................. 15.3 20.0 9.4 26.1 22.5 16.3 14.8 Struck against object or equipment ........................................................................... 6.4 7.8 4.6 11.2 7.6 6.6 6.3 Caught in or compressed by object or equipment .................................................... 3.7 5.1 1.9 6.8 5.9 3.6 3.7 

Overexertion and bodily reaction ................................................................................ 41.3 44.7 37.1 26.1 34.7 37.7 44.3 

Overexertion in lifting or lowering .............................................................................. 13.6 15.9 10.7 10.8 12.8 13.2 14.5 Repetitive motion involving microtasks ..................................................................... 3.4 2.3 4.8 .9 1.6 2.4 3.4 

See footnotes at end of table.

25
TABLE 14. Incidence rates1 for nonfatal occupational injuries and illnesses involving days away from work2 per 10,000 full-time workers by selected in

gender and age of worker, private industry, state government, and local government, 2011 — Continued

Characteristic

Total

incidence

rate

Gender Age

Male Female 16-19 20-24 25-34 35-44 

Event or exposure leading to injury or illness:

All other event or exposures ....................................................................................... 1.2 1.4 0.8 0.5 0.8 0.8 1.2 

Part of body affected by the injury or illness:

Head ........................................................................................................................... 7.8 8.7 6.6 8.3 10.6 8.1 7.9 

Eye(s) ...................................................................................................................... 2.5 3.4 1.3 2.8 3.5 2.8 2.7 

Neck ............................................................................................................................ 1.7 1.6 1.6 1.0 1.1 1.4 2.0 Trunk ........................................................................................................................... 29.1 32.9 24.3 17.1 26.7 29.0 32.0 

Back ........................................................................................................................ 22.4 24.4 19.9 13.1 21.1 23.9 25.4 

Upper extremities ........................................................................................................ 35.4 40.0 29.7 47.0 37.1 30.9 34.6 

Shoulder .................................................................................................................. 8.6 9.7 7.2 4.0 5.1 6.2 8.7 Arm ......................................................................................................................... 5.8 6.3 5.0 4.3 5.0 4.8 6.1 Wrist ........................................................................................................................ 4.7 3.9 5.8 4.5 4.4 4.1 4.1 Hand ....................................................................................................................... 13.9 18.1 8.8 32.9 20.8 14.0 13.1 

Lower extremities ........................................................................................................ 26.8 29.7 23.1 26.4 26.1 24.8 26.3 

Knee ........................................................................................................................ 10.8 12.0 9.2 8.8 7.7 8.8 10.6 Ankle ....................................................................................................................... 5.9 6.2 5.6 7.6 7.2 6.5 6.2 Foot ......................................................................................................................... 5.1 5.7 4.3 6.8 6.7 5.4 4.5 

Body systems .............................................................................................................. 2.6 2.5 2.7 3.2 2.2 2.3 3.2 Multiple ........................................................................................................................ 13.0 11.7 14.8 5.4 8.1 10.1 13.2 All other parts of body ................................................................................................. .9 .8 .8 .5 .8 .6 .7 

Source of injury or illness:

Chemicals and chemical products .............................................................................. 1.5 1.6 1.4 1.4 1.6 1.4 2.0 Containers ................................................................................................................... 12.5 14.4 10.3 14.0 13.5 11.6 13.0 Furniture and fixtures .................................................................................................. 5.1 4.2 6.1 4.8 4.0 4.2 5.1 Machinery ................................................................................................................... 5.8 8.1 2.9 12.2 8.4 5.3 5.7 Parts and materials ..................................................................................................... 9.4 15.0 2.4 10.3 10.0 9.9 9.2 Person, injured or ill worker ........................................................................................ 17.8 18.3 17.1 10.4 12.8 14.6 18.9 

Worker motion or position ....................................................................................... 16.9 17.5 16.2 9.8 12.3 13.9 17.7 

Person, other than injured or ill worker ....................................................................... 11.6 7.4 17.0 7.4 13.1 13.7 13.9 

Patient ..................................................................................................................... 6.4 2.4 11.6 4.6 7.9 7.5 7.1 

Floors, walkways, ground surfaces ............................................................................. 19.2 14.9 24.7 10.8 10.9 12.7 17.0 Handtools .................................................................................................................... 4.9 7.3 2.0 10.0 8.3 5.5 5.3 Ladder ......................................................................................................................... 2.1 3.0 1.0 1.6 1.1 2.0 2.0 Vehicles ...................................................................................................................... 11.3 15.0 6.7 8.8 9.9 10.5 11.4 Trucks ......................................................................................................................... 2.9 4.9 .4 1.4 1.5 2.2 2.8 Cart, dolly, hand truck nonpowered ............................................................................ 1.4 1.5 1.3 1.8 1.4 1.4 1.2 All other sources ......................................................................................................... 15.9 18.7 12.0 17.2 19.0 15.8 16.5 

1 Incidence rates represent the number of injuries and illnesses per 10,000 full-time workers and were

calculated as: (N/EH) x 20,000,000 where 

N = number of injuries and illnessesEH = total hours worked by all employees

during the calendar year

20,000,000 = base for 10,000 equivalent full-time workers 

(working 40 hours per week, 50 weeks per year)

2 Days-away-from-work cases include those that resulted in days away from work, some of which also

included job transfer or restriction.

3 Musculoskeletal disorders (MSD) include cases where the 

nerve; herniated disc; meniscus tear; sprains, strains, tears; heswelling, and numbness; carpal or tarsal tunnel syndrome; musculoskeletal system and connective tissue diseases and disorto the injury or illness is overexertion and bodily reaction, unspecifierepetitive motion involving microtasks; other and multiple exertions or jarred by vibration.

NOTE: Dash indicates data do not meet publication guidelines. 

of nonclassifiable responses, data may not sum to the totals.

SOURCE: Bureau of Labor Statistics, U.S. Department of La

Illnesses in cooperation with participating State agencies

26
TABLE 15. Incidence rates1 for nonfatal occupational injuries and illnesses involving days away from work2 per 10,000 full-time workers by sele

and selected nature of injury or illness, private industry, state government, and local government, 2011

Occupation3

Total

incidence

rate

Nature of injury or illness4

(incidence rate)

Sprains,

strains,

tears

Fractures

Cuts, lacerations, punctures

Bruises,

contusions

Hea

burn

Total Cuts, lacerations Punctures

Total private, state and local government sectors [1,181,290 cases] .. 117.3 44.4 9.1 9.6 7.9 1.6 10.2 1.Bus drivers, transit and intercity .......................................................... 746.3 330.4 33.3 13.8 7.7 – 112.7 – 

Police and sheriff’s patrol officers ........................................................ 596.3 202.1 46.4 26.0 10.9 15.1 31.9 1.Correctional officers and jailers ........................................................... 543.7 197.6 19.0 14.8 11.0 3.8 54.9 – Firefighters ........................................................................................... 475.2 214.5 10.5 30.8 26.1 4.7 25.0 11.Emergency medical technicians and paramedics ............................... 381.3 240.0 11.2 4.3 4.3 – 16.2 1.Highway maintenance workers ............................................................ 380.7 177.6 13.1 30.4 27.3 3.0 19.2 5.Light truck or delivery services drivers ................................................ 368.3 154.0 26.7 17.4 15.7 1.8 35.7 1.

Laborers and freight, stock, and material movers, hand ..................... 367.4 142.8 30.8 29.9 24.0 5.9 38.4 1.Heavy and tractor-trailer truck drivers ................................................. 318.9 141.5 32.3 12.8 11.5 1.3 26.2 .

Food preparation workers .................................................................... 312.3 74.6 15.3 84.3 83.2 1.1 28.2 23.Construction laborers .......................................................................... 312.3 85.9 49.3 46.9 39.5 7.4 15.7 10.Janitors and cleaners, except maids and housekeeping cleaners ...... 309.2 122.3 20.5 22.4 20.5 2.0 30.1 1.Maids and housekeeping cleaners ...................................................... 305.8 130.2 14.4 13.4 10.1 3.4 29.2 .Maintenance and repair workers, general ........................................... 276.8 97.5 22.9 30.7 22.2 8.5 14.4 4.Reservation and transportation ticket agents and travel clerks ........... 273.2 157.5 16.7 6.2 4.6 1.6 32.4 – 

Heating, air conditioning, and refrigeration mechanics and installers 273.7 114.5 14.4 34.1 32.5 1.6 12.1 2.Food servers, nonrestaurant ............................................................... 265.7 115.5 9.5 29.8 29.1 – 28.3 9.Bus and truck mechanics and diesel engine specialists ...................... 261.1 94.8 17.0 25.3 20.5 4.8 22.1 1.Automotive body and related repairers ................................................ 258.0 131.8 6.4 25.3 8.5 16.7 14.0 – 

Carpenters ........................................................................................... 246.0 75.3 33.2 55.9 36.4 19.5 10.2 – 

Driver/sales workers ............................................................................ 245.2 110.2 16.7 9.5 7.0 2.5 16.0 – 

Automotive service technicians and mechanics .................................. 244.1 78.3 16.2 39.3 35.7 3.6 17.7 3.Telecommunications line installers and repairers ................................ 226.0 115.6 14.4 12.6 6.7 5.9 9.6 – 

Nonfarm animal caretakers ................................................................. 221.2 78.8 5.7 70.0 6.8 63.2 16.0 – 

Landscaping and groundskeeping workers ......................................... 224.8 82.2 10.5 29.1 26.0 3.1 11.9 – 

Bus drivers, school or special client .................................................... 220.6 99.5 8.7 2.3 1.3 – 23.0 – 

Taxi drivers and chauffeurs ................................................................. 211.6 98.8 13.5 5.1 4.8 – 14.1 – 

Cooks, institution and cafeteria ........................................................... 206.3 59.3 15.0 29.6 29.4 – 18.5 29.

See footnotes at end of table.

27
TABLE 15. Incidence rates1 for nonfatal occupational injuries and illnesses involving days away from work2 per 10,000 full-time w

selected worker occupation3 and selected nature of injury or illness, private industry, state government, and local government, 2

Continued

Occupation3

Nature of injury or illness4

(incidence rate)

Carpal

tunnel

syndrome

Tendonitis

Multiple traumatic injuries and disorders

Soreness,

pain

Total 

With fractures

and

other injuries

With sprains

and

other injuries

Total private, state and local government sectors [1,181,290 cases] .. 1.0 0.3 4.3 0.8 1.8 14.5 Bus drivers, transit and intercity .......................................................... 5.0 – 25.6 – 14.6 89.0 

Police and sheriff’s patrol officers ........................................................ .3 .3 45.9 2.5 11.7 73.8 Correctional officers and jailers ........................................................... 1.5 .4 29.6 9.6 11.2 100.8 Firefighters ........................................................................................... – – 17.9 1.9 13.8 60.3 

Emergency medical technicians and paramedics ............................... – – 4.8 1.7 1.9 61.9 

Highway maintenance workers ............................................................ 3.8 – 10.1 2.7 2.5 36.3 

Light truck or delivery services drivers ................................................ .2 .5 11.8 3.5 3.6 62.2 Laborers and freight, stock, and material movers, hand ..................... 1.1 .9 11.8 2.3 5.2 41.8 Heavy and tractor-trailer truck drivers ................................................. 1.1 .4 15.6 2.8 7.5 33.6 Food preparation workers .................................................................... 2.9 .8 6.6 1.7 2.5 33.1 

Construction laborers .......................................................................... .3 .7 7.7 2.1 2.8 32.4 Janitors and cleaners, except maids and housekeeping cleaners ...... 1.2 .9 13.8 1.0 5.8 41.6 Maids and housekeeping cleaners ...................................................... 1.0 2.0 8.9 1.1 4.9 50.5 Maintenance and repair workers, general ........................................... 1.3 .3 7.6 2.6 2.2 32.5 Reservation and transportation ticket agents and travel clerks ........... – – 5.4 – 3.6 17.8 

Heating, air conditioning, and refrigeration mechanics and installers .8 – 5.3 – 4.5 19.8 

Food servers, nonrestaurant ............................................................... – 1.2 7.0 – 3.6 21.4 Bus and truck mechanics and diesel engine specialists ...................... 1.6 – 9.2 2.4 4.3 42.0 

Automotive body and related repairers ................................................ – – 4.9 – – 9.4 Carpenters ........................................................................................... 1.0 .5 6.9 1.8 1.1 16.3 Driver/sales workers ............................................................................ 1.0 – 5.7 .6 3.3 49.1 

Automotive service technicians and mechanics .................................. 3.5 – 5.9 .6 .5 26.3 

Telecommunications line installers and repairers ................................ – 1.1 13.1 1.4 8.8 16.8 Nonfarm animal caretakers ................................................................. – – 3.4 – – 22.2 Landscaping and groundskeeping workers ......................................... – .6 5.3 .7 2.2 29.0 Bus drivers, school or special client .................................................... 3.5 – 11.7 2.1 7.0 37.2 

Taxi drivers and chauffeurs ................................................................. – – 8.1 – 2.3 38.5 

Cooks, institution and cafeteria ........................................................... 1.7 – 4.4 – 2.8 25.3 

1 Incidence rates represent the number of injuries and illnesses per 10,000

full-time workers and were calculated as: (N/EH) x 20,000,000 where 

N = number of injuries and illnessesEH = total hours worked by all employees

during the calendar year

20,000,000 = base for 10,000 equivalent full-time workers 

(working 40 hours per week, 50 weeks per year)

2 Days-away-from-work cases include those that resulted in days away from

work, some of which also included job transfer or restriction.

3 These occupations have at least 0.1% of full-time equivalent employment.4 Data shown in columns correspond to the following Nature codes: Sprains,

strains, tears = 123; Fractures = 111; Cuts, lacerations, punctures, Total = 132-133;

Cuts, lacerations = 132; Punctures = 133; Bruises, contusions = 1152; Chemical burns = 151; Amputations = 1311; Carpal tunnel sTendonitis = 2735; Multiple traumatic injuries and illnesses, Tfractures and other injuries = 183; With sprains and other injuries pain = 1972; All other natures = all remaining codes, (Nonclassifiable). These codes are based on the Occupational Classification System 2.01 developed by the Bureau of Labor Statis

5 Includes nonclassifiable responses.

NOTE: Dash indicates data do not meet publication guidelin

rounding and data exclusion of nonclassifiable responses, data matotals.

SOURCE: Bureau of Labor Statistics, U.S. Department of 

Occupational Injuries and Illnesses in cooperation with participating 

28
TABLE 16. Incidence rates1 for nonfatal occupational injuries and illnesses involving days away from work2 per 10,000 full-time workers by selec

selected events or exposures leading to injury or illness, private industry, state government, and local government, 2011

Occupation3

Total

incidence

rate

Event or exposure leading to injury or illness

(incidence rate)

Contact with objects

Fall

to

lower

level

Fall

on

same

level

Slips

or

trips

without

fall

O

Total

Struck

by

object

Struck

against

object

Caught in or

compressed by

equipment or

object

Tota

Total private, state and local government sectors [1,181,290 cases] .. 117.3 26.9 15.3 6.4 3.7 5.6 18.2 4.8 41Bus drivers, transit and intercity .......................................................... 746.3 66.8 23.1 24.2 8.9 20.3 119.9 18.0 177Police and sheriff’s patrol officers ........................................................ 596.3 49.6 17.6 14.3 3.6 12.3 72.2 32.6 136Correctional officers and jailers ........................................................... 543.7 49.7 22.3 20.3 4.0 13.8 62.0 19.9 119Firefighters ........................................................................................... 475.2 108.9 54.2 48.7 2.3 9.8 34.4 22.1 214Emergency medical technicians and paramedics ............................... 381.3 22.6 9.2 7.2 5.4 6.5 34.2 16.7 247

Highway maintenance workers ............................................................ 380.7 92.3 65.2 11.4 5.9 17.4 30.7 10.8 158Light truck or delivery services drivers ................................................ 368.3 65.6 40.4 14.5 7.8 23.0 47.6 20.4 143Laborers and freight, stock, and material movers, hand ..................... 367.4 121.6 74.8 22.0 18.2 16.6 34.9 11.3 150Heavy and tractor-trailer truck drivers ................................................. 318.9 61.0 38.5 11.6 6.2 33.6 38.2 19.6 105Food preparation workers .................................................................... 312.3 130.3 72.8 43.9 11.0 13.0 61.2 8.0 65Construction laborers .......................................................................... 312.3 128.4 75.7 29.5 16.8 33.8 20.0 13.9 74Janitors and cleaners, except maids and housekeeping cleaners ...... 309.2 70.9 44.2 15.0 8.6 15.8 58.0 13.3 117Maids and housekeeping cleaners ...................................................... 305.8 55.6 29.4 17.3 4.9 12.4 69.0 11.6 132Maintenance and repair workers, general ........................................... 276.8 80.0 44.4 17.3 13.4 19.8 28.4 14.8 97Reservation and transportation ticket agents and travel clerks ........... 273.2 62.2 42.7 8.5 3.5 4.3 23.9 17.4 144

Heating, air conditioning, and refrigeration mechanics and installers 273.7 60.6 32.1 14.3 11.2 27.0 18.2 10.6 107Food servers, nonrestaurant ............................................................... 265.7 54.8 35.2 12.2 6.4 5.1 65.0 7.9 100Bus and truck mechanics and diesel engine specialists ...................... 261.1 107.4 68.1 19.4 12.3 20.9 15.9 5.8 97Automotive body and related repairers ................................................ 258.0 104.8 89.6 9.7 1.7 5.2 34.0 8.2 97

Carpenters ........................................................................................... 246.0 100.0 60.1 15.8 21.1 30.4 25.2 6.5 77Driver/sales workers ............................................................................ 245.2 38.2 20.5 11.4 5.0 17.8 35.7 14.6 98Automotive service technicians and mechanics .................................. 244.1 106.0 56.6 29.6 11.2 4.7 16.5 11.1 84Telecommunications line installers and repairers ................................ 226.0 37.2 17.3 18.5 1.3 23.6 16.4 14.6 91Nonfarm animal caretakers ................................................................. 221.2 19.4 9.3 5.0 – 1.9 20.5 – 83Landscaping and groundskeeping workers ......................................... 224.8 74.5 44.2 15.9 11.0 7.3 21.0 11.1 78Bus drivers, school or special client .................................................... 220.6 18.1 8.4 5.2 3.2 13.8 46.5 10.3 63Taxi drivers and chauffeurs ................................................................. 211.6 17.2 7.5 7.9 1.3 4.1 26.5 7.7 51

Cooks, institution and cafeteria ........................................................... 206.3 51.1 39.2 8.8 1.6 1.9 41.3 8.5 58

See footnotes at end of table.

29
TABLE 16. Incidence rates1 for nonfatal occupational injuries and illnesses involving days away from work2 per 10,000 full-time workers 

occupation3 and selected events or exposures leading to injury or illness, private industry, state government, and local government, 20

Occupation3

Event or exposure leading to injury or illness

(incidence rate)

Exposure to

harmful

substances or

environments

Transportation incidents

Fires

and

explosions

Violence and other injuries by person

Total Roadway 

incidents Total

Intentional

injury by

other

person

Injury by

person--unintentional

or intent

unknown

Total private, state and local government sectors [1,181,290 cases] .. 4.8 5.8 4.0 0.2 7.3 2.8 3.1 Bus drivers, transit and intercity .......................................................... 28.9 261.0 234.5 – 51.6 36.6 11.5 Police and sheriff’s patrol officers ........................................................ 21.1 91.3 70.8 1.5 161.4 61.2 82.5 Correctional officers and jailers ........................................................... 13.0 4.1 2.2 – 253.8 89.8 148.4 Firefighters ........................................................................................... 28.5 8.2 6.3 9.5 8.0 – 1.5 Emergency medical technicians and paramedics ............................... 8.3 27.6 25.5 1.7 12.4 4.0 8.3 Highway maintenance workers ............................................................ 21.0 28.5 24.0 – 6.8 2.5 – Light truck or delivery services drivers ................................................ 5.7 47.9 39.5 – 4.6 2.5 – Laborers and freight, stock, and material movers, hand ..................... 8.7 12.3 1.7 2.2 3.0 .3 .1 Heavy and tractor-trailer truck drivers ................................................. 4.7 44.7 34.2 1.2 2.8 .7 – Food preparation workers .................................................................... 27.2 1.9 1.6 .4 1.6 – .5 Construction laborers .......................................................................... 19.7 10.9 4.6 1.3 4.2 – .4 Janitors and cleaners, except maids and housekeeping cleaners ...... 14.6 9.7 7.7 – 3.5 .8 .7 Maids and housekeeping cleaners ...................................................... 13.1 3.8 2.8 – 3.5 1.0 .5 Maintenance and repair workers, general ........................................... 18.0 8.8 6.0 1.9 4.2 .3 .2 Reservation and transportation ticket agents and travel clerks ........... 3.0 12.4 – – 4.7 3.8 – 

Heating, air conditioning, and refrigeration mechanics and installers 16.0 13.6 12.9 6.7 1.3 – – Food servers, nonrestaurant ............................................................... 24.0 – – – 4.9 1.7 1.5 

Bus and truck mechanics and diesel engine specialists ...................... 5.5 3.4 1.8 1.2 – – – Automotive body and related repairers ................................................ 4.4 1.6 1.6 – – – – 

Carpenters ........................................................................................... 2.7 1.7 .8 – – – – Driver/sales workers ............................................................................ 1.7 30.0 26.1 – 6.5 4.7 – Automotive service technicians and mechanics .................................. 9.2 7.6 4.8 1.2 .5 – – Telecommunications line installers and repairers ................................ 9.3 21.6 15.4 – 5.0 – – Nonfarm animal caretakers ................................................................. 4.8 – – – 88.9 – – 

Landscaping and groundskeeping workers ......................................... 6.1 12.5 3.4 – 12.3 – .3 Bus drivers, school or special client .................................................... 2.6 59.2 54.4 – 5.7 2.1 3.3 Taxi drivers and chauffeurs ................................................................. 2.4 94.0 70.4 – 3.1 2.1 – Cooks, institution and cafeteria ........................................................... 33.4 – – – .8 – – 

1 Incidence rates represent the number of injuries and illnesses per 10,000 full-time

workers and were calculated as: (N/EH) x 20,000,000 where 

N = number of injuries and illnessesEH = total hours worked by all employees

during the calendar year

20,000,000 = base for 10,000 equivalent full-time workers 

(working 40 hours per week, 50 weeks per year)

2 Days-away-from-work cases include those that resulted in da

of which also included job transfer or restriction.

3 These occupations have at least 0.1% of full-time equivalent e4 Includes nonclassifiable responses.

NOTE: Dash indicates data do not meet publication guidelines. 

data exclusion of nonclassifiable responses, data may not sum to th

SOURCE: Bureau of Labor Statistics, U.S. Department of Labo

Injuries and Illnesses in cooperation with participating State agencie

30
TABLE 17. Number, incidence rate1, and median days2 away from work for nonfatal occupational injuries and illnesses involving days away from wo

or illness by selected event or exposure and part of body in private industry, state government, and local government, 2011

Characteristic

Sprains, strains, tears Bruises, contusions Fractures 

Number Incidence rate Median days away from work Number Incidence rate Median days away from work Number Incidence rate Median days away from work 

Total .................................................................................... 447,200 44.4 10 102,660 10.2 5 91,860 9.1 27 

Event or exposure leading to injury or illness:

Violence and other injuries by persons or animal ................... 19,540 1.9 11 9,770 1.0 5 3,310 .3 23 

Intentional injury by other person ......................................... 5,730 .6 10 5,760 .6 5 1,060 .1 19 Injury by person unintentional or intent unknown ................. 13,390 1.3 12 3,480 .3 4 1,870 .2 23 Animal and insect related incidents ...................................... 240 – 7 430 – 3 360 – 41 

Transportation incidents ......................................................... 17,590 1.7 10 7,310 .7 4 5,220 .5 36 

Roadway incidents involving motorized land vehicles .......... 13,330 1.3 8 4,490 .4 4 2,340 .2 45 

Fires and explosions ............................................................... 140 – 3 30 – 1 140 – 54 

Falls, slips, trips ...................................................................... 103,600 10.3 10 38,230 3.8 5 48,030 4.8 36 

Slips, trips without fall ........................................................... 31,830 3.2 9 1,730 .2 5 3,010 .3 27 Fall on same level ................................................................. 52,380 5.2 10 28,380 2.8 5 30,010 3.0 30 Fall to lower level .................................................................. 14,910 1.5 12 6,740 .7 7 13,000 1.3 54 

Exposure to harmful substances or enviroments ................... – – – – – – – – – 

Contact with object, equipment .............................................. 26,390 2.6 12 46,870 4.7 4 30,660 3.0 16 

Struck by object or equipment .............................................. 13,250 1.3 14 29,020 2.9 4 20,200 2.0 16 Struck against object or equipment ...................................... 8,950 .9 12 12,220 1.2 4 4,190 .4 17 Caught in or compressed by object or equipment ................ 3,040 .3 10 4,510 .4 3 5,680 .6 13 

Overexertion and bodily reaction ............................................ 276,920 27.5 9 90 – 5 4,080 .4 28 

Overexertion in lifting or lowering ......................................... 97,610 9.7 8 20 – 5 470 – 13 Repetitive motion involving microtasks ................................. 8,570 .9 20 – – – 80 – 63 

All other event or exposures ................................................... 3,030 .3 10 360 – 5 420 – 5 

Part of body affected by the injury or illness:

Head ....................................................................................... 370 – 5 12,660 1.3 3 3,730 .4 6 

Eye(s) ................................................................................. 120 – 5 1,560 .2 3 – – – 

Neck ....................................................................................... 10,370 1.0 6 350 – 4 260 – 41 

Trunk ...................................................................................... 180,820 18.0 7 15,030 1.5 5 9,620 1.0 23 

Back .................................................................................... 162,890 16.2 7 5,590 .6 5 2,060 .2 28 

Upper extremities ................................................................... 104,710 10.4 15 22,910 2.3 5 37,860 3.8 20 

Shoulder ............................................................................. 55,560 5.5 22 3,180 .3 9 2,090 .2 41 Arm ..................................................................................... 17,300 1.7 15 6,540 .6 5 8,870 .9 26 Wrist ................................................................................... 14,550 1.4 8 1,600 .2 4 9,500 .9 32 Hand ................................................................................... 9,620 1.0 9 9,800 1.0 4 16,340 1.6 11 

Lower extremities ................................................................... 114,900 11.4 10 35,120 3.5 5 38,010 3.8 39 

Knee ................................................................................... 54,190 5.4 17 13,820 1.4 5 3,150 .3 48 Ankle ................................................................................... 38,630 3.8 6 2,380 .2 5 11,440 1.1 42 Foot .................................................................................... 7,410 .7 6 11,620 1.2 4 15,790 1.6 20 

Body systems ......................................................................... – – – – – – – – – 

Multiple ................................................................................... 35,250 3.5 12 16,100 1.6 5 2,320 .2 45 

All other parts of body ............................................................. 780 .1 6 490 – 5 70 – 43 

1 Incidence rates represent the number of injuries and illnesses per 10,000 full-time workers and were

calculated as: (N/EH) x 20,000,000 where 

N = number of injuries and illnessesEH = total hours worked by all employees

during the calendar year

20,000,000 = base for 10,000 equivalent full-time workers 

(working 40 hours per week, 50 weeks per year)

2 Median days away from work is the measure used to summar

work among the cases with days away from work. Half the cases indays than a specified median. Median days away from work are rep

3 Days-away-from-work cases include those that resulted in da

included job transfer or restriction.

NOTE: Dash indicates data do not meet publication guidelines. 

of nonclassifiable responses, data may not sum to the totals.

SOURCE: Bureau of Labor Statistics, U.S. Department of Lab

Illnesses in cooperation with participating State agencies

31
TABLE 18. Number, incidence rate1, and median days2 away from work for nonfatal occupational injuries and illnesses involving days away from work3 b

musculoskeletal disorders4 in private industry, state government, and local government, 2011

Occupation

Musculoskeletal disorders

(MSDs)

Total private,

State, and local government

Private

industry5,6,7

State

government5,6,7

Number Incidence rate Median days away from work Number Incidence rate Median days away from work Number Incidence rate Media

days aw

from w

Total ....................................................................................... 387,820 38.5 11 309,940 35.9 11 19,560 49.4 15 

Nursing assistants ........................................................................... 25,010 – 6 22,110 – 6 930 – 7 

Laborers and freight- stock- and material movers- hand ................. 21,700 140.0 12 20,160 132.4 11 180 152.6 20 Janitors and cleaners- except maids and housekeeping cleaners .. 16,530 114.0 8 9,280 86.3 7 1,260 199.6 13 

Heavy and tractor-trailer truck drivers .............................................. 13,750 99.4 21 13,030 94.9 22 20 – 3 

Registered nurses ............................................................................ 11,880 – 8 10,210 – 8 590 – 23 

Stock clerks and order fillers ............................................................ 10,250 80.2 12 10,050 79.5 12 130 131.5 33 

Light truck or delivery services drivers ............................................. 9,600 135.7 17 9,330 132.5 16 40 – 5 

Maintenance and repair workers- general ....................................... 9,300 91.1 14 6,650 77.4 15 500 138.7 16 Production workers- all other ........................................................... 9,250 – 11 9,150 – 11 – – – 

Retail salespersons ......................................................................... 8,550 29.4 10 8,450 28.9 9 90 243.1 62 

Maids and housekeeping cleaners .................................................. 7,610 121.1 9 6,930 114.3 10 210 327.3 6 Police and sheriffs patrol officers ..................................................... 5,950 105.7 9 20 39.8 8 1,170 168.6 10 

Firefighters ....................................................................................... 5,800 185.1 14 – – – 210 209.9 18 

First-line supervisors of retail sales workers .................................... 5,700 51.5 11 5,650 51.0 11 40 139.0 145 

Assemblers and fabricators- all other .............................................. 4,860 – 12 4,840 – 13 –––

Emergency medical technicians and paramedics ............................ 4,830 239.7 7 3,100 235.2 6 20 – 26 Landscaping and groundskeeping workers ..................................... 4,730 74.0 7 3,150 57.3 6 380 252.8 26 

Construction laborers ....................................................................... 4,420 70.5 9 3,940 65.4 10 20 – 82 Automotive service technicians and mechanics .............................. 4,150 78.7 15 3,750 74.1 15 100 174.0 7 Correctional officers and jailers ....................................................... 3,970 101.7 30 100 48.5 10 3,070 124.7 31 Personal care aides ......................................................................... 3,870 68.1 16 3,040 54.1 13 780 – 22 Cashiers ........................................................................................... 3,930 19.5 9 3,800 19.0 9 60 91.0 26 

Home health aides ........................................................................... 3,480 50.8 13 3,420 51.4 13 30 21.0 19 

Customer service representatives ................................................... 3,370 19.5 9 3,310 19.7 9 20 8.0 4 

Carpenters ....................................................................................... 3,330 70.7 17 2,990 64.9 14 100 272.3 115 Driver/sales workers ........................................................................ 3,300 92.4 20 3,290 91.6 20 –––Electricians ...................................................................................... 2,920 64.7 15 2,720 62.9 15 120 183.0 34 Food preparation workers ................................................................ 2,860 59.0 10 2,510 57.3 10 140 251.5 7 Licensed practical and licensed vocational nurses .......................... 2,840 51.1 7 2,200 44.3 6 330 128.3 7 

Installation- maintenance- and repair workers- all other .................. 2,750 – 30 2,200 – 29 60 – 33 

Refuse and recyclable material collectors ....................................... 2,410 244.5 8 550 91.1 37 – – – 

Cargo and freight agents ................................................................. 2,380 – 19 2,380 346.2 19 –––

Shipping- receiving- and traffic clerks .............................................. 2,350 41.4 12 2,330 41.0 12 –––Bus drivers- transit and intercity ...................................................... 2,090 172.8 15 550 89.7 10 320 – 20 

Teacher assistants ........................................................................... 2,080 25.5 7 530 30.7 2 60 23.4 18 

Food preparation and serving related workers- all other ................. 2,070 – 19 1,330 – 20 110 – 15 

Heating- air conditioning- and refrigeration mechanics and

installers ......................................................................................... 1,980 100.8 22 1,930 104.8 20 20 51.8 40 

Bus drivers- school or special client ................................................ 1,950 59.6 11 640 44.0 10 – – – 

Combined food preparation and serving workers- including fast

food ................................................................................................ 1,930 10.8 10 1,680 9.8 8 30 36.1 6 

Bus and truck mechanics and diesel engine specialists .................. 1,880 91.7 11 1,290 73.4 13 220 596.7 11 Office clerks- general ....................................................................... 1,860 9.0 16 850 5.1 7 390 25.7 24 

First-line supervisors of construction trades and extraction workers 1,860 42.6 8 1,490 37.3 6 30 28.9 8 

Highway maintenance workers ........................................................ 1,800 147.7 11 30 90.6 55 740 214.9 9 First-line supervisors of fire fighting and prevention workers ........... 1,790 290.7 18 –––––– Healthcare support workers- all other .............................................. 1,750 – 12 1,500 – 12 80 – 6 

Industrial truck and tractor operators ............................................... 1,740 38.6 16 1,730 38.5 16 –––Operating engineers and other construction equipment operators .. 1,650 53.3 12 520 20.7 22 280 195.0 7 

See footnotes at end of table.

32
TABLE 18. Number, incidence rate1, and median days2 away from work for nonfatal occupational injuries and illnesses involving days away from work3 b

musculoskeletal disorders4 in private industry, state government, and local government, 2011 — Continued

Occupation

Musculoskeletal disorders

(MSDs)

Total private,

State, and local government

Private

industry5,6,7

State

government5,6,7

Number Incidence rate Median days away from work Number Incidence rate Median days away from work Number Incidence rate Media

days aw

from w

Packers and packagers- hand ......................................................... 1,610 – 11 1,610 30.5 11 –––

Plumbers- pipefitters- and steamfitters ............................................ 1,600 52.1 12 1,410 48.3 12 70 173.4 30 

Metal workers and plastic workers- all other .................................... 1,580 – 13 1,580 – 13 –––

Farmworkers and laborers- crop- nursery- and greenhouse ........... 1,570 – 7 1,570 – 7 –––Elementary school teachers- except special education ................... 1,530 13.2 5 50 5.1 3 – – – 

Cooks- institution and cafeteria ....................................................... 1,520 54.1 9 960 57.6 9 70 79.1 25 

Flight attendants .............................................................................. 1,510 – 27 1,510 236.8 27 –––First-line supervisors of food preparation and serving workers ....... 1,490 23.3 7 1,120 18.7 4 50 71.1 4 

Reservation and transportation ticket agents and travel clerks ....... 1,490 141.1 9 1,370 129.6 9 – – – 

Inspectors- testers- sorters- samplers- and weighers ...................... 1,460 37.7 21 1,410 36.4 23 20 – 2 

Cooks- restaurant ............................................................................ 1,450 – 6 1,450 21.3 6 –––Food servers- nonrestaurant ........................................................... 1,330 98.9 18 1,010 78.2 39 100 – 28 First-line supervisors of mechanics- installers- and repairers .......... 1,290 32.9 14 1,030 29.3 14 40 32.7 58 

Machinists ........................................................................................ 1,280 38.3 15 1,270 37.8 14 –––First-line supervisors of helpers- laborers- and material movershand ............................................................................................... 1,280 82.7 34 1,230 80.1 34 30 – 27 

General and operations managers .................................................. 1,270 7.1 13 1,240 7.2 13 – – – 

Security guards ................................................................................ 1,270 15.9 5 1,110 15.4 5 60 35.5 30 

Managers- all other .......................................................................... 1,220 – 5 1,050 – 5 20 – 15 

Laundry and dry-cleaning workers ................................................... 1,220 80.5 12 1,130 76.7 11 30 – 29 Telecommunications equipment installers and repairers- except

line installers .................................................................................. 1,200 67.5 26 1,170 66.1 27 – – – 

Waiters and waitresses .................................................................... 1,190 8.6 14 1,180 8.5 14 –––Telecommunications line installers and repairers ............................ 1,170 85.5 53 1,160 84.9 54 –––Industrial machinery mechanics ...................................................... 1,160 43.7 21 1,060 41.0 23 20 – 5 

Receptionists and information clerks ............................................... 1,140 16.6 12 1,070 16.4 12 – – – 

Transportation workers- all other ..................................................... 1,130 – 11 1,080 – 11 50 – 111 Automotive body and related repairers ............................................ 1,090 94.1 75 1,050 90.6 75 20 – 36 

Cleaners of vehicles and equipment ................................................ 1,090 49.4 10 910 41.8 5 30 – 13 Tire repairers and changers ............................................................. 1,080 – 12 1,080 137.2 12 –––

Packaging and filling machine operators and tenders ..................... 1,080 – 19 1,080 35.4 19 –––

First-line supervisors of production and operating workers ............. 1,070 19.9 7 1,020 19.5 7 – – – 

Dining room and cafeteria attendants and bartender helpers .......... 1,060 49.5 9 810 39.3 14 – – – 

Office and administrative support workers- all other ........................ 1,050 – 11 740 – 19 160 – 13 

Medical and health services managers ........................................... 1,010 38.4 8 890 39.1 9 60 37.4 1 

1 Incidence rates represent the number of injuries and illnesses per 10,000 full-time workers and were

calculated as: (N/EH) x 20,000,000 where 

N = number of injuries and illnessesEH = total hours worked by all employees

during the calendar year

20,000,000 = base for 10,000 equivalent full-time workers

(working 40 hours per week, 50 weeks per year)

2 Median days away from work is the measure used to summarize the varying lengths of absences from work

among the cases with days away from work. Half the cases involved more days and half involved less days thana specified median. Median days away from work are represented in actual values.

3 Days-away-from-work cases include those that resulted in days away from work, some of which also

included job transfer or restriction.

4 Musculoskeletal disorders (MSD) include cases where the nature of the injury or illness is pinched nerve; 

herniated disc; meniscus tear; sprains, strains, tears; hernia (traumatic and nontraumatic); pain, swelling, andnumbness; carpal or tarsal tunnel syndrome; Raynaud’s syndrome or phenomenon; musculoskeletal system andconnective tissue diseases and disorders, when the event or exposure leading to the injury or illness is

overexertion and bodily reaction, unspecified; overexertion involvinmicrotasks; other and multiple exertions or bodily reactions; and rub

5 Excludes farms with fewer than 11 employees.6 Data for Mining (Sector 21 in the North American Industry 

include establishments not governed by the Mine Safety and Healthose in Oil and Gas Extraction and related support activities. Dnonmetal mining are provided to BLS by the Mine Safety and HeaIndependent mining contractors are excluded from the coal, metal, do not reflect the changes the Occupational Safety and Healtrequirements effective January 1, 2002; therefore, estimates for thein other industries. 

7 Data for employers in rail transportation are provided to BLS 

Department of Transportation. 

NOTE: Dash indicates data do not meet publication guidelines

nonclassifiable responses, data may not sum to the totals.

SOURCE: Bureau of Labor Statistics, U.S. Department of 

Illnesses in cooperation with participating State agencies

33