Transmission of material in this release is embargoed until USDL-11-1185 

8:30 a.m. (EDT) Tuesday, August 9, 2011 

Technical information: (202) 691-5606 • dprweb@bls.gov • www.bls.gov/lpc

Media contact: (202) 691-5902 • PressOffice@bls.gov

PRODUCTIVITY AND COSTS

Second Quarter 2011, Preliminary 

Nonfarm business sector labor productivity decreased at a 0.3 percent annual rate during the second

quarter of 2011, the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today, with output and hours worked rising 

1.8 percent and 2.0 percent, respectively. (All quarterly percent changes in this release are seasonally 

adjusted annual rates.) From the second quarter of 2010 to the second quarter of 2011, output increased 

2.5 percent while hours rose 1.6 percent, yielding an increase in productivity of 0.8 percent. (See chart 1, 

tables A and 2.) 

Labor productivity, or output per hour, is calculated by dividing an index of real output by an index of 

hours worked of all persons, including employees, proprietors, and unpaid family workers. 

Unit labor costs in nonfarm businesses rose 2.2 percent in the second quarter of 2011, because hourly 

compensation increased 1.9 percent while productivity decreased 0.3 percent. Over the last four quarters, 

hourly compensation increased more than output per hour, and unit labor costs rose 1.3 percent. (See chart 

2, tables A and 2.) 

BLS defines unit labor costs as the ratio of hourly compensation to labor productivity; increases in hourly 

compensation tend to increase unit labor costs and increases in output per hour tend to reduce them. 

Data in this release reflect the regular multi-year revision to the National Income and Product Accounts 

(NIPA) released by the Bureau of Economic Analysis of the U.S. Department of Commerce on July 29, 

2011. See Revised Measures (page 2). 

Chart 1. Output per hour, nonfarm business, all persons, 

2006Q1 – 2011Q2

-9.0

-7.0

-5.0

-3.0

-1.0

1.0

3.0

5.0

7.0

9.0

2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011

From previous quarter, annual rate

From same quarter a year ago

-9.0

-7.0

-5.0

-3.0

-1.0

1.0

3.0

5.0

7.0

9.0

2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011

From previous quarter, annual rate

From same quarter a year ago

Percent change Percent change

Chart 2. Unit labor costs, nonfarm business, all persons, 

2006Q1 – 2011Q2
-2- 

Manufacturing sector productivity fell 2.0 percent in the second quarter of 2011, as output rose 0.6 

percent and hours increased 2.6 percent. Over the last four quarters, manufacturing productivity 

increased 2.3 percent. Unit labor costs in manufacturing increased 4.4 percent in the second quarter of 

2011 and were unchanged (0.0 percent) over the last four quarters. (See tables A and 3.) 

Productivity fell 3.5 percent in the durable goods sector in the second quarter of 2011 as a 5.1 percent 

increase in hours outpaced a 1.4 percent increase in output. In contrast, nondurable goods 

manufacturing productivity increased 1.2 percent as hours decreased faster than output. (See tables A, 

4 and 5.) 

The data sources and methods used in the preparation of the manufacturing output series differ from 

those used in preparing the business and nonfarm business output series, and these measures are not 

directly comparable. See Technical Notes for further information on data sources. (See page 6.) 

Nonfinancial corporate sector productivity increased 1.4 percent in the first quarter of 2011 as output 

and hours rose 3.6 percent and 2.1 percent, respectively. (See tables D and 6.) 

Revised Measures

Measures of output for the business, nonfarm business, and nonfinancial corporate (NFC) sectors, and 

compensation for all sectors incorporate the revised National Income and Product Accounts (NIPA) data 

released on July 29 by the Bureau of Economic Analysis, U.S. Department of Commerce. As a result, 

output and related series, including productivity and unit labor costs, were revised back to 1947 for the 

business and nonfarm business sectors, and back to 2000 for the NFC sector. Hours and related measures

were revised back to 2002 for the business and nonfarm business sectors, and back to 1997 for

nonfinancial corporations. These revisions were due to the incorporation of 2007 Economic Census final 

data on employment, as well as revised NIPA data on compensation of all employees and employment 

in government enterprises. 

Table B presents previous and revised productivity and related measures for the nonfarm business, 

business, and manufacturing sectors for the first quarter of 2011 and table C presents annual data for 

nonfarm business and total manufacturing from 2008 to 2010. Table D presents revised and previous 

measures for nonfinancial corporations for the first quarter of 2011, in addition to annual data from 2008 

to 2010. Revised quarterly and annual series for recent years appear in tables 1-6. All index measures in 

the business, nonfarm business, and NFC sectors show historical revisions because the 2005 base year 

values were revised; resulting revisions to percent changes are small. The annual indexes appear in 

appendix tables 1-3. Full historical annual and quarterly measures can be found on the productivity and 

costs home page http://www.bls.gov/lpc/#data. 

In the first quarter of 2011, nonfarm business productivity declined 0.6 percent, rather than 

increasing 1.8 percent, reflecting a downward revision of 2.3 percentage points to output. Hourly 

compensation increased 4.2 percent in the first quarter, a larger gain than reported June 2. 

Consequently, unit labor costs were revised upward to 4.8 percent. In the manufacturing sector, 

productivity growth in the first quarter remained at 4.2 percent, due to offsetting upward revisions to 

output and hours. Unit labor costs declined 1.1 percent rather than 1.4 percent as reported June 2. 

For the year 2010, nonfarm business productivity growth was revised up to 4.1 percent from the 3.9 

percent increase reported June 2, the result of a larger upward revision to output than hours. (See table 

C.) Unit labor costs declined 2.0 percent—the largest decline in the annual series which begins in 1948. 

In manufacturing, productivity growth was unchanged at 5.9 percent. Unit labor costs fell 4.0 percent, 

the largest decline in the series which extends back to 1988. 
-3- 

For the year 2009, nonfarm business productivity growth was revised down to 2.3 percent from the 

previous estimate of 3.7 percent due to a downward revision in output. (See table C.) Unit labor costs 

declined 0.7 percent, a smaller decline than reported June 2. Manufacturing productivity declined 0.4 

percent, as reported previously. The 4.9 percent increase in unit labor costs was less than the 6.1 percent 

increase published June 2, due to a downward revision to hourly compensation. 

For the year 2008, nonfarm business productivity was revised down to 0.6 percent from 1.0 percent as 

output was revised downward. Unit labor costs were revised up to 2.8 percent. In manufacturing,

productivity, hours and output changed at the same rates reported previously. Unit labor costs were 

revised upward to 4.7 percent. 

Nonfarm business productivity increased at an average annual rate of 2.5 percent from 2000 to 2010 

rather than the 2.7 percent rate reported June 2. Manufacturing productivity grew at an annual average 

rate of 3.2 percent from 2000 to 2010, as previously reported. 

In the nonfinancial corporate sector, first-quarter 2011 productivity growth was revised down to 1.4 

percent from the preliminary estimate of 4.1 percent. For the year 2010, productivity was revised down

to 5.3 percent due to a downward revision in output. (See tables D and 6.) In 2009 productivity was 

revised down to 1.6 percent as the downward revision to output was greater than the downward revision 

to hours. Unit labor costs were unchanged by revisions in 2010 and 2009 because downward revisions to 

productivity were offset by downward revisions to hourly compensation. (See table 6 and appendix table 

3.) 

___________

The revised Productivity and Costs press release for second-quarter 2011 is scheduled to be 

released on Thursday, September 1, 2011 at 8:30 a.m. (EDT).
-4- 

Table A. Preliminary second-quarter 2011 measures: percent change from previous quarter, annual rate (Q to Q) and from same quarter a year 

ago (Y to Y)

Sector

 Nonfarm

 Business Business Manufacturing

 Durable

 Manufacturing

 Nondurable

 Manufacturing

Q to Q Y to Y Q to Q Y to Y Q to Q Y to Y Q to Q Y to Y Q to Q Y to Y

Productivity -0.3 0.8 0.0 0.7 -2.0 2.3 -3.5 2.5 1.2 3.5

Output 1.8 2.5 1.6 2.2 0.6 4.4 1.4 7.2 -0.2 1.7

Hours 2.0 1.6 1.7 1.5 2.6 2.1 5.1 4.6 -1.4 -1.8

Hourly compensation 1.9 2.1 2.3 2.2 2.3 2.3 1.6 1.9 3.0 2.5

Real hourly compensation -2.1 -1.2 -1.7 -1.1 -1.7 -1.0 -2.4 -1.4 -1.0 -0.8

Unit labor costs 2.2 1.3 2.4 1.5 4.4 0.0 5.3 -0.6 1.8 -1.0

Table B. Revised and previous measures: first quarter 2011 

Sector

 Nonfarm

 Business Business Manufacturing

 Durable

 Manufacturing

 Nondurable

 Manufacturing

Revised Previous Revised Previous Revised Previous Revised Previous Revised Previous

Percent change, annual rate, first quarter 2011 

Productivity -0.6 1.8 -1.4 0.9 4.2 4.2 6.9 7.5 3.4 2.6

Output 0.9 3.2 0.3 2.6 7.8 7.7 13.8 14.0 2.0 1.5

Hours 1.5 1.4 1.7 1.7 3.4 3.3 6.4 6.1 -1.3 -1.1

Hourly compensation 4.2 2.5 4.0 2.3 3.1 2.8 4.9 2.9 -0.8 2.1

Real hourly compensation -1.0 -2.6 -1.2 -2.8 -2.1 -2.4 -0.4 -2.3 -5.8 -3.0

Unit labor costs 4.8 0.7 5.4 1.5 -1.1 -1.4 -1.9 -4.3 -4.0 -0.5

Table C. Revised and previous annual average measures: 2008-2010 

Sector Nonfarm Business Manufacturing

 2010 2009 2008 2010 2009 2008

 Revised Previous Revised Previous Revised Previous Revised Previous Revised Previous Revised Previous

 Percent change Percent change

Productivity 4.1 3.9 2.3 3.7 0.6 1.0 5.9 5.9 -0.4 -0.4 -0.4 -0.4

Output 4.0 3.7 -5.1 -3.8 -1.5 -1.1 5.8 5.8 -13.3 -13.3 -4.4 -4.4

Hours -0.1 -0.2 -7.2 -7.2 -2.1 -2.1 0.0 0.0 -13.0 -13.0 -4.0 -4.0

Hourly

compensation 2.1 2.2 1.6 2.0 3.4 3.3 1.6 2.0 4.5 5.7 4.3 3.9

Real hourly

compensation 0.4 0.6 2.0 2.4 -0.4 -0.6 0.0 0.4 4.9 6.1 0.4 0.1

Unit labor costs -2.0 -1.6 -0.7 -1.6 2.8 2.2 -4.0 -3.6 4.9 6.1 4.7 4.3
-5- 

Table D. Nonfinancial corporations: Revised and previous first-quarter 2011 measures, and revised annual measures 2008-2010

Productivity Output Hours

Hourly 

compensation

Real hourly 

compensation

Unit labor 

costs Unit profits

Implicit price 

deflator

Percent change, annual rate, first quarter 2011

Revised 1.4 3.6 2.1 3.1 -2.1 1.6 4.6 2.0

Previous 4.1 6.2 2.0 2.4 -2.7 -1.6 15.4 0.1

Percent change, annual average

2010 5.3 5.4 0.1 1.9 0.3 -3.2 40.6 -0.7

2009 1.6 -6.3 -7.8 2.0 2.4 0.4 -9.2 0.6

2008 0.3 -1.4 -1.7 3.6 -0.2 3.3 -8.4 2.1
-6- 

TECHNICAL NOTES

Labor Hours: Hours data for the labor productivity and cost measures include hours for all persons 

working in the sector—wage and salary workers, the self-employed and unpaid family workers. The 

primary source of hours and employment data is the BLS Current Employment Statistics (CES) 

program, which provides monthly survey data on the number of jobs held by wage and salary workers in 

nonfarm establishments. The CES also provides average weekly paid hours of production and 

nonsupervisory workers in these establishments. Weekly paid hours are adjusted to hours at work using 

data from the National Compensation Survey (NCS). The BLS Hours at Work survey, conducted for 

this purpose, was used for earlier years. The Office of Productivity and Technology estimates average 

weekly hours at work for nonproduction and supervisory workers using information from the Current 

Population Survey (CPS), the CES, and the NCS. 

Data from the CPS are used for farm labor, nonfarm proprietors, and nonfarm unpaid family 

workers. Estimates of labor input for government enterprises are derived from the CPS, the CES, and 

the National Income and Product Accounts (NIPA) prepared by the Bureau of Economic Analysis 

(BEA) of the Department of Commerce.

The CES measures jobs, counting a person who is employed by two or more establishments at 

each place of employment. In contrast, the CPS features measures of employment that count each person 

only once and classify each person according to his or her primary job; hours worked at all jobs by that 

person accrue to his or her primary job. However, the CPS also collects more detailed information on 

employment and hours worked at primary jobs and all other jobs, separately. The BLS productivity 

measures use the more detailed information on employment and hours to assign all hours worked to the 

correct industrial sector and avoid duplicating hours data from the CES. 

Output: Business sector output is a chain-type, current-weighted index constructed after excluding from 

gross domestic product (GDP) the following outputs: general government, nonprofit institutions, and 

private households (including owner-occupied housing). Corresponding exclusions also are made in 

labor inputs. Business output accounted for about 75 percent of the value of GDP in 2009. Nonfarm 

business, which excludes farming, accounted for about 74 percent of GDP in 2009. 

Annual indexes for manufacturing and its durable and nondurable goods components are 

constructed by deflating current-dollar industry value of production data from the U.S. Bureau of the 

Census with deflators from the BLS. These deflators are based on data from the BLS producer price 

program and other sources. The industry shipments are aggregated using annual weights, and intrasector 

transactions are removed. Quarterly manufacturing output measures are based on the index of industrial 

production prepared monthly by the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System, adjusted to be 

consistent with annual indexes of manufacturing sector output prepared by BLS. Durables include the 

following 3-digit NAICS industries: wood product manufacturing; nonmetallic mineral product 

manufacturing; primary metal manufacturing; fabricated metal product manufacturing; machinery 

manufacturing; computer and electronic product manufacturing; electrical equipment and appliance 

manufacturing; transportation equipment manufacturing; furniture and related product manufacturing; 

and miscellaneous manufacturing. Nondurables include: food manufacturing; beverage and tobacco 

product manufacturing; textile mills; textile product mills; apparel manufacturing; leather and allied 

product manufacturing; paper manufacturing; printing and related support activities; petroleum and coal 

products manufacturing; chemical manufacturing; and plastics and rubber products manufacturing.

Nonfinancial corporate output is a chain-type, current-weighted index calculated on the basis of 

the costs incurred and the incomes earned from production. The output measure excludes the following 

outputs from GDP: general government; nonprofit institutions; private households; unincorporated 

business; and those corporations classified as offices of bank holding companies, offices of other 

holding companies, or offices in the finance and insurance sector. Nonfinancial corporations accounted 

for about 47 percent of the value of GDP in 2009. 

Productivity: These productivity measures describe the relationship between real output and the labor 

time involved in its production. They show the changes from period to period in the amount of goods 

and services produced per hour. Although these measures relate output to hours at work of all persons 

engaged in a sector, they do not measure the specific contribution of labor, capital, or any other factor of 

production. Rather, they reflect the joint effects of many influences, including changes in technology; 
-7- 

capital investment; level of output; utilization of capacity, energy, and materials; the organization of 

production; managerial skill; and the characteristics and effort of the work force. 

Labor Compensation: The measure includes accrued wages and salaries, supplements, employer 

contributions to employee benefit plans, and taxes. Estimates of labor compensation by major sector, 

required for measures of hourly compensation and unit labor costs, are based primarily on employee 

compensation data from the NIPA, prepared by the BEA. The compensation of employees in general 

government, nonprofit institutions and private households are subtracted from compensation of 

domestic employees to derive employee compensation for the business sector. The labor compensation 

of proprietors cannot be explicitly identified and must be estimated. This is done by assuming that 

proprietors have the same hourly compensation as employees in the same sector. The quarterly labor 

productivity and cost measures do not contain estimates of compensation for unpaid family workers. 

Unit Labor Costs: The measures of unit labor costs in this release describe the relationship between 

compensation per hour and productivity, or real output per hour, and can be used as an indicator of 

inflationary pressure on producers. Increases in hourly compensation increase unit labor costs; labor 

productivity increases offset compensation increases and lower unit labor costs. 

Presentation of the data: The quarterly data in this release are presented in three ways: as percent 

changes from the previous quarter presented at a compound annual rate, as percent changes from the 

corresponding quarter of the previous year, and as index number series where 2005=100. Annual data 

are presented both as index number series and percent changes from the previous year. 

The index numbers and rates of change reported in the productivity and costs news release are 

rounded to one decimal place. All percent changes in this release and on the BLS web site are calculated 

using index numbers to three decimal places. These index numbers are available at the BLS web site, 

www.bls.gov/data/home.htm, or by contacting the BLS Division of Major Sector Productivity. 

(Telephone 202-691-5606 or email DPRWEB@BLS.GOV) 

Information in this release will be made available to sensory-impaired individuals upon request. Voice 

phone: 202-691-5606; Federal Relay Service number: 1-800-877-8339.
-8- 

Table 1. Business sector: Productivity, hourly compensation, unit labor costs, and prices,

seasonally adjusted

 Real

 Output Compen- compen- Unit Implicit

Year per hour Hours sation sation Unit nonlabor price

and of all of all per hour per hour labor payments deflator

quarter persons Output persons (1) (2) costs (3) (4)

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

 Percent change from previous quarter at annual rate(5)

2011 II 0.0 1.6 1.7 2.3 -1.7 2.4 2.6 2.5 

 I -1.4 r 0.3 r 1.7 4.0 r -1.2 r 5.4 r -0.4 r 2.9 r

2010 ANNUAL 4.1 r 3.9 r -0.1 r 2.0 r 0.4 r -2.0 r 6.1 r 1.3 r

2010 IV 1.7 r 3.2 r 1.5 0.4 r -2.2 r -1.3 r 7.3 r 2.2 r

 III 2.5 r 3.7 r 1.2 2.2 r 0.7 r -0.3 r 3.2 r 1.1 r

 II 1.1 r 4.7 r 3.6 r 2.4 r 2.9 r 1.2 r 2.8 r 1.9 r

 I 4.3 r 5.1 r 0.8 r 1.2 r 0.0 r -2.9 r 9.0 r 1.8 r

2009 ANNUAL 2.4 r -4.9 r -7.1 1.6 r 2.0 r -0.8 r 3.1 r 0.7 r

2009 IV 5.3 r 5.0 r -0.3 1.2 r -1.6 r -3.9 r 9.0 r 1.1 r

 III 7.0 r 1.8 r -4.9 2.7 r -0.9 r -4.0 r 7.3 r 0.3 r

 II 8.0 r -1.0 r -8.4 6.6 r 4.6 r -1.3 r -1.0 r -1.2 r

 I 1.5 r -8.5 r -9.8 r -2.7 r -0.4 r -4.1 r 10.5 r 1.4 r

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

 Percent change from corresponding quarter of previous year

2011 II 0.7 2.2 1.5 2.2 -1.1 1.5 3.1 2.2 

 I 1.0 r 3.0 r 2.0 2.2 r 0.0 r 1.2 r 3.2 r 2.0 r

2010 ANNUAL 4.1 r 3.9 r -0.1 r 2.0 r 0.4 r -2.0 r 6.1 r 1.3 r

2010 IV 2.4 r 4.2 r 1.8 r 1.5 r 0.3 r -0.8 r 5.5 r 1.8 r

 III 3.3 r 4.6 r 1.3 1.7 r 0.5 r -1.5 r 6.0 r 1.5 r

 II 4.4 r 4.1 r -0.3 1.9 r 0.1 r -2.4 r 7.0 r 1.3 r

 I 6.2 r 2.7 r -3.3 2.9 r 0.5 r -3.1 r 6.0 r 0.5 r

2009 ANNUAL 2.4 r -4.9 r -7.1 1.6 r 2.0 r -0.8 r 3.1 r 0.7 r

2009 IV 5.4 r -0.8 r -5.9 1.9 r 0.4 r -3.3 r 6.3 r 0.4 r

 III 3.3 r -5.1 r -8.1 r 2.0 r 3.7 r -1.2 r 1.8 r 0.0 r

 II 1.3 r -6.8 r -8.0 2.2 r 3.2 r 0.9 r 0.5 r 0.8 r

 I -0.1 r -6.5 r -6.4 0.3 r 0.5 r 0.4 r 4.0 r 1.8 

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

 Indexes 2005=100

2011 II 110.4 104.4 94.6 118.2 102.7 107.1 119.1 111.8 

 I 110.4 r 104.0 r 94.2 r 117.5 r 103.2 r 106.4 r 118.4 r 111.2 r

2010 ANNUAL 110.0 r 102.5 r 93.2 r 115.8 r 103.6 r 105.3 r 116.3 r 109.6 r

2010 IV 110.7 r 103.9 r 93.8 r 116.3 r 103.5 r 105.0 r 118.5 r 110.4 r

 III 110.3 r 103.1 r 93.5 r 116.2 r 104.1 r 105.4 r 116.4 r 109.7 r

 II 109.6 r 102.1 r 93.2 r 115.6 r 103.9 r 105.5 r 115.5 r 109.4 r

 I 109.3 r 101.0 r 92.4 r 114.9 r 103.1 r 105.1 r 114.7 r 108.9 r

2009 ANNUAL 105.7 r 98.7 r 93.4 r 113.5 r 103.3 r 107.4 r 109.6 r 108.3 r

2009 IV 108.2 r 99.7 r 92.2 r 114.6 r 103.1 r 105.9 r 112.3 r 108.4 r

 III 106.8 r 98.5 r 92.3 r 114.2 r 103.5 r 107.0 r 109.9 r 108.1 r

 II 105.0 r 98.1 r 93.4 r 113.5 r 103.8 r 108.1 r 108.0 r 108.1 r

 I 103.0 r 98.3 r 95.5 r 111.7 r 102.6 r 108.5 r 108.2 r 108.4 r

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

See footnotes following Table 6. August 9, 2011

r=revised Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics
-9- 

Table 2. Nonfarm business sector: Productivity, hourly compensation, unit labor costs, and prices,

seasonally adjusted

 Real

 Output Compen- compen- Unit Implicit

Year per hour Hours sation sation Unit nonlabor price

and of all of all per hour per hour labor payments deflator

quarter persons Output persons (1) (2) costs (3) (4)

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

 Percent change from previous quarter at annual rate(5)

2011 II -0.3 1.8 2.0 1.9 -2.1 2.2 2.3 2.2 

 I -0.6 r 0.9 r 1.5 r 4.2 r -1.0 r 4.8 r -1.3 r 2.2 r 

2010 ANNUAL 4.1 r 4.0 r -0.1 r 2.1 r 0.4 r -2.0 r 5.7 r 1.1 r

2010 IV 2.2 r 3.8 r 1.5 0.6 r -2.1 r -1.6 r 6.4 r 1.7 r

 III 2.1 r 3.5 r 1.4 1.9 r 0.4 r -0.2 r 2.0 r 0.7 r

 II 1.2 r 4.6 r 3.4 r 2.6 r 3.1 r 1.4 r 3.0 r 2.0 r

 I 4.6 5.2 r 0.5 r 1.4 r 0.2 r -3.1 r 8.8 r 1.6 r

2009 ANNUAL 2.3 r -5.1 r -7.2 1.6 r 2.0 r -0.7 r 3.8 r 1.1 r

2009 IV 5.5 r 5.6 r 0.1 1.2 r -1.5 r -4.1 7.7 r 0.5 r

 III 6.5 1.4 -4.8 2.3 r -1.3 r -3.9 r 8.1 0.6 r

 II 8.0 r -1.1 r -8.4 6.7 r 4.7 r -1.2 r -1.3 r -1.2 r

 I 1.3 r -8.7 r -9.9 r -2.7 r -0.4 r -4.0 r 12.1 r 2.0 r

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

 Percent change from corresponding quarter of previous year

2011 II 0.8 2.5 1.6 2.1 -1.2 1.3 2.3 1.7 

 I 1.2 r 3.2 1.9 2.3 r 0.1 r 1.1 r 2.5 r 1.7 r

2010 ANNUAL 4.1 r 4.0 r -0.1 r 2.1 r 0.4 r -2.0 r 5.7 r 1.1 r

2010 IV 2.5 r 4.3 r 1.7 1.6 r 0.4 r -0.9 r 5.0 r 1.5 r

 III 3.3 r 4.7 r 1.3 1.8 r 0.5 r -1.5 r 5.3 r 1.2 r

 II 4.4 r 4.2 r -0.3 1.9 r 0.1 r -2.5 r 6.9 r 1.2 r

 I 6.2 r 2.7 r -3.2 2.9 r 0.5 r -3.1 r 5.7 r 0.4 r

2009 ANNUAL 2.3 r -5.1 r -7.2 1.6 r 2.0 r -0.7 r 3.8 r 1.1 r

2009 IV 5.3 r -0.9 r -5.9 r 1.8 r 0.3 r -3.3 r 6.5 r 0.5 r

 III 3.0 r -5.5 r -8.2 2.1 r 3.7 r -0.9 r 2.5 r 0.4 r

 II 1.2 r -7.1 r -8.2 r 2.4 r 3.4 r 1.1 r 1.2 r 1.2 r

 I -0.2 r -6.7 r -6.5 0.4 r 0.5 r 0.5 r 5.0 r 2.2 

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

 Indexes 2005=100

2011 II 110.4 104.5 94.6 118.1 102.7 107.0 118.3 111.4 

 I 110.5 r 104.0 r 94.2 r 117.5 r 103.2 r 106.4 r 117.6 r 110.8 r

2010 ANNUAL 109.8 r 102.4 r 93.2 r 115.8 r 103.7 r 105.4 r 116.1 r 109.6 r

2010 IV 110.7 r 103.8 r 93.8 r 116.3 r 103.5 r 105.1 r 118.0 r 110.2 r

 III 110.1 r 102.9 r 93.5 r 116.2 r 104.0 r 105.6 r 116.1 r 109.7 r

 II 109.5 r 102.0 r 93.1 r 115.6 r 103.9 r 105.6 r 115.6 r 109.5 r

 I 109.2 r 100.8 r 92.4 r 114.9 r 103.1 r 105.3 r 114.7 r 109.0 r

2009 ANNUAL 105.5 r 98.5 r 93.3 r 113.4 r 103.3 r 107.5 r 109.8 r 108.4 r

2009 IV 107.9 r 99.6 r 92.2 r 114.5 r 103.1 r 106.1 r 112.3 r 108.5 r

 III 106.5 r 98.2 r 92.2 r 114.2 r 103.5 r 107.2 r 110.3 r 108.4 r

 II 104.8 r 97.9 r 93.4 r 113.5 r 103.8 r 108.3 r 108.1 r 108.2 r

 I 102.8 r 98.2 r 95.5 r 111.7 r 102.6 r 108.6 r 108.5 r 108.6 r

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

See footnotes following Table 6. August 9, 2011

r=revised Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics
-10- 

Table 3. Manufacturing sector: Productivity, hourly compensation, and unit labor costs,

seasonally adjusted

 Real

 Output Compen- compenYear per hour Hours sation sation Unit

and of all of all per hour per hour labor

quarter persons Output persons (1) (2) costs

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

 Percent change from previous quarter at annual rate(5)

2011 II -2.0 0.6 2.6 2.3 -1.7 4.4 

 I 4.2 7.8 r 3.4 r 3.1 r -2.1 r -1.1 r

2010 ANNUAL 5.9 5.8 0.0 1.6 r 0.0 r -4.0 r

2010 IV 4.9 3.8 r -1.0 2.3 r -0.4 r -2.5 r

 III 2.1 5.6 3.4 1.7 r 0.2 r -0.5 r

 II 5.2 9.2 3.8 3.8 r 4.3 r -1.3 r

 I 4.7 7.8 3.0 -2.7 r -3.9 r -7.1 r

2009 ANNUAL -0.4 -13.3 -13.0 4.5 r 4.9 r 4.9 r

2009 IV 6.9 6.1 -0.8 3.1 r 0.3 r -3.6 r

 III 12.4 6.8 -4.9 1.4 r -2.2 r -9.8 r

 II 5.3 -11.0 -15.4 7.9 r 5.9 r 2.5 r

 I -2.9 -22.3 -20.0 0.5 r 2.9 r 3.6 r

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

 Percent change from corresponding quarter of previous year

2011 II 2.3 4.4 2.1 2.3 -1.0 0.0 

 I 4.1 6.6 2.4 2.7 r 0.5 r -1.4 r

2010 ANNUAL 5.9 5.8 0.0 1.6 r 0.0 r -4.0 r

2010 IV 4.2 6.6 2.3 1.2 r 0.0 r -2.9 r

 III 4.7 7.2 2.3 1.4 r 0.2 r -3.1 r

 II 7.2 7.5 0.2 1.4 r -0.4 r -5.5 r

 I 7.3 2.2 -4.8 2.4 r 0.0 r -4.6 r

2009 ANNUAL -0.4 -13.3 -13.0 4.5 r 4.9 r 4.9 r

2009 IV 5.3 -5.9 -10.6 3.2 r 1.7 r -2.0 r

 III 1.7 -12.8 -14.2 4.8 r 6.6 r 3.1 r

 II -2.6 -17.3 -15.1 5.8 r 6.9 r 8.7 r

 I -5.5 -16.6 -11.8 4.0 r 4.2 r 10.1 r

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

 Indexes 2005=100

2011 II 112.5 94.9 84.3 119.2 103.6 106.0 

 I 113.1 r 94.7 r 83.8 r 118.5 r 104.1 r 104.8 r

2010 ANNUAL 110.3 r 91.2 r 82.7 116.6 r 104.4 r 105.8 r

2010 IV 111.9 r 93.0 r 83.1 117.6 r 104.6 r 105.1 r

 III 110.6 92.1 83.3 117.0 r 104.7 r 105.8 r

 II 110.0 90.9 82.6 116.5 r 104.7 r 105.9 r

 I 108.6 88.9 81.8 115.4 r 103.6 r 106.3 r

2009 ANNUAL 104.2 86.2 82.7 114.8 r 104.5 r 110.2 r

2009 IV 107.4 87.2 81.2 116.2 r 104.6 r 108.2 r

 III 105.6 85.9 81.4 115.3 r 104.5 r 109.2 r

 II 102.6 84.5 82.4 114.9 r 105.1 r 112.1 r

 I 101.2 87.0 86.0 112.8 r 103.6 r 111.4 r

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

See footnotes following Table 6. August 9, 2011

r=revised Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics
-11- 

Table 4. Durable manufacturing sector: Productivity, hourly compensation, and unit labor costs,

seasonally adjusted

 Real

 Output Compen- compenYear per hour Hours sation sation Unit

and of all of all per hour per hour labor

quarter persons Output persons (1) (2) costs

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

 Percent change from previous quarter at annual rate(5)

2011 II -3.5 1.4 5.1 1.6 -2.4 5.3 

 I 6.9 r 13.8 r 6.4 r 4.9 r -0.4 r -1.9 r

2010 ANNUAL 8.1 7.9 r -0.1 2.1 r 0.4 r -5.5 r

2010 IV 5.3 r 5.7 r 0.4 2.2 r -0.5 r -3.0 r

 III 1.7 8.3 6.5 -0.8 r -2.2 r -2.5 r

 II 11.3 14.5 2.8 7.1 r 7.7 r -3.7 r

 I 6.2 10.2 3.8 -3.1 r -4.3 r -8.7 r

2009 ANNUAL -3.5 -18.4 -15.5 5.7 r 6.1 r 9.5 r

2009 IV 6.8 6.4 -0.4 3.8 r 1.0 r -2.8 r

 III 19.4 11.5 -6.6 1.0 r -2.6 r -15.4 r

 II 3.7 -17.5 -20.5 11.6 r 9.5 r 7.6 r

 I -8.8 -30.3 -23.6 3.1 r 5.5 r 13.0 r

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

 Percent change from corresponding quarter of previous year

2011 II 2.5 7.2 4.6 1.9 -1.4 -0.6 

 I 6.3 r 10.5 r 4.0 r 3.3 r 1.1 r -2.8 r

2010 ANNUAL 8.1 7.9 r -0.1 2.1 r 0.4 r -5.5 r

2010 IV 6.1 9.6 r 3.4 1.3 r 0.1 r -4.5 r

 III 6.5 9.8 3.2 1.7 r 0.4 r -4.5 r

 II 10.8 10.6 -0.2 2.1 r 0.3 r -7.8 r

 I 8.9 1.9 -6.4 3.2 r 0.8 r -5.2 r

2009 ANNUAL -3.5 -18.4 -15.5 5.7 r 6.1 r 9.5 r

2009 IV 4.8 -9.1 -13.3 4.8 r 3.3 r 0.0 r

 III -1.2 -17.8 -16.8 5.9 r 7.7 r 7.2 r

 II -6.6 -23.4 -18.0 7.4 8.4 15.0 

 I -9.7 -21.9 -13.4 4.6 r 4.8 r 15.9 r

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

 Indexes 2005=100

2011 II 113.6 94.6 83.2 120.8 105.1 106.4 

 I 114.6 r 94.2 r 82.2 r 120.4 r 105.7 r 105.0 r

2010 ANNUAL 110.7 r 88.7 r 80.1 118.1 r 105.7 r 106.7 r

2010 IV 112.7 r 91.2 r 80.9 118.9 r 105.8 r 105.5 r

 III 111.3 90.0 80.9 118.3 r 105.9 r 106.3 r

 II 110.8 88.2 79.6 118.5 r 106.5 r 107.0 r

 I 107.9 85.3 79.0 116.5 r 104.6 r 108.0 r

2009 ANNUAL 102.4 82.1 80.2 115.7 r 105.3 r 112.9 r

2009 IV 106.3 83.2 78.3 117.4 r 105.7 r 110.5 r

 III 104.5 81.9 78.4 116.4 r 105.5 r 111.3 r

 II 100.0 79.7 79.7 116.1 r 106.2 r 116.1 r

 I 99.1 83.7 84.4 112.9 r 103.8 r 114.0 r

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

See footnotes following Table 6. August 9, 2011

r=revised Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics
-12- 

Table 5. Nondurable manufacturing sector: Productivity, hourly compensation, and unit labor costs,

seasonally adjusted

 Real

 Output Compen- compenYear per hour Hours sation sation Unit

and of all of all per hour per hour labor

quarter persons Output persons (1) (2) costs

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

 Percent change from previous quarter at annual rate(5)

2011 II 1.2 -0.2 -1.4 3.0 -1.0 1.8 

 I 3.4 r 2.0 r -1.3 r -0.8 r -5.8 r -4.0 r

2010 ANNUAL 3.6 3.7 0.1 0.8 r -0.9 r -2.8 r

2010 IV 5.3 2.0 r -3.2 2.2 r -0.5 r -3.0 r

 III 4.2 2.8 -1.3 5.7 r 4.2 r 1.4 r

 II -1.4 4.0 5.4 -1.9 r -1.4 r -0.5 r

 I 3.6 5.4 1.7 -2.2 r -3.4 r -5.6 r

2009 ANNUAL 1.3 -7.5 -8.7 2.9 r 3.2 r 1.5 r

2009 IV 7.3 5.8 -1.4 1.9 r -0.9 r -5.1 r

 III 4.5 2.3 -2.2 2.5 r -1.1 r -1.9 r

 II 3.2 -3.6 -6.5 2.8 r 0.8 r -0.4 r

 I 1.2 -12.6 -13.6 -3.3 r -1.0 r -4.4 r

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

 Percent change from corresponding quarter of previous year

2011 II 3.5 1.7 -1.8 2.5 -0.8 -1.0 

 I 2.9 r 2.7 r -0.2 r 1.2 r -0.9 r -1.6 r

2010 ANNUAL 3.6 3.7 0.1 0.8 r -0.9 r -2.8 r

2010 IV 2.9 3.5 0.6 0.9 r -0.3 r -2.0 r

 III 3.4 4.5 1.1 0.8 r -0.4 r -2.5 r

 II 3.5 4.4 0.8 0.1 r -1.7 r -3.3 r

 I 4.6 2.4 -2.1 1.2 r -1.1 r -3.3 r

2009 ANNUAL 1.3 -7.5 -8.7 2.9 r 3.2 r 1.5 r

2009 IV 4.0 -2.3 -6.0 0.9 r -0.5 r -3.0 r

 III 3.3 -6.8 -9.8 3.5 r 5.2 r 0.1 r

 II -0.1 -10.0 -9.9 3.7 r 4.7 r 3.8 r

 I -1.8 -10.4 -8.8 3.3 r 3.4 r 5.1 r

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

 Indexes 2005=100

2011 II 110.4 95.2 86.3 116.5 101.3 105.5 

 I 110.0 r 95.3 r 86.6 r 115.6 r 101.5 r 105.0 r

2010 ANNUAL 107.6 r 93.9 r 87.2 114.7 r 102.7 r 106.6 r

2010 IV 109.1 r 94.8 r 86.9 115.8 r 103.0 r 106.1 r

 III 107.7 94.3 87.6 115.2 r 103.2 r 106.9 r

 II 106.6 93.7 87.9 113.6 r 102.1 r 106.6 r

 I 107.0 92.8 86.7 114.2 r 102.5 r 106.7 r

2009 ANNUAL 103.9 90.5 87.2 113.8 r 103.6 r 109.6 r

2009 IV 106.0 91.5 86.3 114.8 r 103.3 r 108.3 r

 III 104.2 90.3 86.6 114.3 r 103.6 r 109.7 r

 II 103.0 89.8 87.1 113.5 r 103.8 r 110.2 r

 I 102.2 90.6 88.6 112.8 r 103.6 r 110.3 r

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

See footnotes following Table 6. August 9, 2011

r=revised Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics
-13- 

Table 6. Nonfinancial corporate sector: Productivity, hourly compensation, unit labor costs, unit profits,

and prices, seasonally adjusted

 Real Unit

 Output Hourly hourly non- Total Unit Implicit

Year per all- compen- compen- Unit labor unit pro- price

and employee Employee sation sation labor costs cost fits deflator

quarter hour Output hours (1) (2) costs (6) (7) (8) (4)

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

 Percent change from previous quarter at annual rate(5)

2011 I 1.4 r 3.6 r 2.1 r 3.1 r -2.1 r 1.6 r 1.5 r 1.6 r 4.6 r 2.0 r

2010 ANNUAL 5.3 r 5.4 r 0.1 1.9 r 0.3 r -3.2 -9.7 r -5.1 r 40.6 r -0.7 r

2010 IV -3.1 r -1.3 r 1.9 r -0.3 r -3.0 r 2.9 r 1.8 r 2.6 r -0.8 r 2.1 r

 III -0.1 r 2.3 r 2.3 2.6 r 1.2 r 2.7 r -4.6 r 0.6 r 13.3 r 2.3 r

 II -1.2 r 2.9 r 4.2 r 1.4 r 2.0 r 2.7 r -7.8 r -0.4 r 10.2 r 0.9 r

 I 9.3 r 10.6 r 1.2 0.9 r -0.4 r -7.7 r -15.0 r -9.9 r 101.8 r -0.5 r

2009 ANNUAL 1.6 r -6.3 r -7.8 r 2.0 r 2.4 r 0.4 5.3 r 1.8 r -9.2 r 0.6 

2009 IV 10.5 r 9.9 r -0.6 1.6 r -1.1 r -8.1 r -10.4 r -8.7 r 74.1 r -2.4 r

 III 9.3 r 3.8 r -5.0 r 3.0 r -0.7 r -5.7 r -13.5 r -8.1 r 52.8 r -3.7 r

 II 7.2 r -3.2 r -9.7 r 7.4 r 5.4 r 0.2 r -3.3 r -0.9 r -28.2 r -3.7 r

 I -8.1 r -18.6 r -11.5 r -6.3 r -4.0 r 2.0 r 21.4 r 7.4 r -29.7 r 3.0 r

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

 Percent change from corresponding quarter of previous year

2011 I -0.8 r 1.8 r 2.6 1.7 r -0.5 r 2.5 r -2.3 r 1.1 r 6.7 r 1.8 r

2010 ANNUAL 5.3 r 5.4 r 0.1 1.9 r 0.3 r -3.2 -9.7 r -5.1 r 40.6 r -0.7 r

2010 IV 1.1 r 3.5 r 2.4 r 1.1 r -0.1 r 0.0 r -6.6 r -1.9 r 25.7 r 1.2 r

 III 4.5 r 6.4 r 1.8 r 1.6 r 0.4 r -2.7 r -9.5 r -4.7 r 44.7 r 0.1 r

 II 6.8 r 6.8 r -0.1 1.7 r 0.0 r -4.8 -11.7 r -6.9 r 56.0 r -1.4 r

 I 9.1 r 5.1 r -3.6 3.2 r 0.8 r -5.4 r -10.7 r -7.0 r 40.1 r -2.6 r

2009 ANNUAL 1.6 r -6.3 r -7.8 r 2.0 r 2.4 r 0.4 5.3 r 1.8 r -9.2 r 0.6 

2009 IV 4.5 r -2.6 r -6.8 r 1.3 r -0.1 r -3.0 r -2.3 r -2.8 r 7.6 r -1.7 r

 III 1.3 r -7.6 r -8.8 r 2.5 r 4.1 r 1.2 r 4.9 r 2.2 r -19.2 r -0.3 r

 II 1.1 r -7.7 r -8.7 r 2.9 r 3.9 1.7 r 8.7 r 3.7 r -16.2 r 1.6 r

 I -0.3 r -7.2 r -6.9 r 1.5 1.6 1.8 r 10.4 r 4.3 r -7.8 r 3.0 r

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

 Indexes 2005=100

2011 I 109.9 r 103.3 r 94.0 r 116.9 r 102.7 r 106.4 r 107.6 r 106.7 r 120.4 r 108.5 r

2010 ANNUAL 110.3 r 102.2 r 92.7 r 115.6 r 103.5 r 104.9 r 108.0 r 105.7 r 116.7 r 107.1 r

2010 IV 109.5 r 102.4 r 93.5 r 116.0 r 103.2 r 106.0 r 107.2 r 106.3 r 119.0 r 107.9 r

 III 110.4 r 102.8 r 93.1 r 116.1 r 104.0 r 105.2 r 106.7 r 105.6 r 119.3 r 107.3 r

 II 110.4 r 102.2 r 92.6 r 115.4 r 103.7 r 104.5 r 107.9 r 105.5 r 115.6 r 106.8 r

 I 110.7 r 101.5 r 91.6 r 115.0 r 103.2 r 103.8 r 110.2 r 105.6 r 112.8 r 106.5 r

2009 ANNUAL 104.7 r 97.0 r 92.6 r 113.4 r 103.2 r 108.4 r 119.5 r 111.5 r 83.0 r 107.9 

2009 IV 108.3 r 98.9 r 91.3 r 114.7 r 103.3 r 105.9 r 114.7 r 108.4 r 94.7 r 106.6 r

 III 105.6 r 96.6 r 91.5 r 114.3 r 103.6 r 108.2 r 117.9 r 110.9 r 82.4 r 107.3 r

 II 103.3 r 95.7 r 92.7 r 113.4 r 103.7 r 109.8 r 122.3 r 113.2 r 74.1 r 108.3 r

 I 101.5 r 96.5 r 95.1 r 111.4 r 102.4 r 109.7 r 123.3 r 113.5 r 80.5 r 109.3 r

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

See footnotes following Table 6. August 9, 2011

r=revised Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics
-14- 

SOURCES: Output data are from the Bureau of Economic Analysis and the Census Bureau of the 

U.S. Department of Commerce; the Bureau of Labor Statistics, U.S. Department of Labor; and the 

Federal Reserve Board. Compensation and hours data are from the Bureau of Labor Statistics and the 

Bureau of Economic Analysis.

RELIABILITY: Productivity and cost measures are regularly revised as more complete information 

becomes available. The measures are first published within 40 days of the close of the reference period; 

revisions appear 30 days later, and second revisions after an additional 60 days. In the business sector, 

the third publication (second revision) of a quarterly index of output per hour of all persons has differed 

from the initial value by between -1.8 and 1.6 index points approximately 95 percent of the time. This 

interval is based on the performance of this measure between the fourth quarter of 1995 and the first

quarter of 2011. 

Table Footnotes

(1) Wages and salaries of employees plus employers' contributions for social insurance and private

benefit plans. Except for nonfinancial corporations, where there are no self-employed, data also include 

an estimate of wages, salaries, and supplemental payments for the self-employed. 

(2) The change for recent quarters is based on the Consumer Price Index for all urban consumers 

(CPI-U). The trend from 1978-2010 is based on the Consumer Price Index research series (CPI-U-RS).

(3) Unit nonlabor payments include profits, consumption of fixed capital, taxes on production and 

imports less subsidies, net interest and miscellaneous payments, business current transfer payments, 

rental income of persons, and the current surplus of government enterprises.

(4) Current dollar output divided by the output index. 

(5) Quarterly changes: Percent change compounded at annual rate is calculated using index numbers 

to three decimal places. Indexes published in the news release are rounded to one decimal place for 

convenience. Annual changes: Percent change is calculated using annual average indexes to three 

decimal places.

(6) Unit nonlabor costs include consumption of fixed capital, taxes on production and imports less 

subsidies, net interest and miscellaneous payments, and business current transfer payments. 

(7) Total unit costs are the sum of unit labor and nonlabor costs.

(8) Unit profits include corporate profits before tax with inventory valuation and capital 

consumption adjustments.
-15- 

Appendix table 1. 

Business sector: Productivity, hourly compensation, unit labor costs, and prices

 Real

 Output Compen- compen- Unit Implicit

 per hour Hours sation sation Unit nonlabor price

 of all of all per hour per hour labor payments deflator

 Year persons Output persons (1) (2) costs (3) (4)

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

 Indexes 2005=100

 2010 110.0 r 102.5 r 93.2 r 115.8 r 103.6 r 105.3 r 116.3 r 109.6 r

 2009 105.7 r 98.7 r 93.4 r 113.5 r 103.3 r 107.4 r 109.6 r 108.3 r

 2008 103.2 r 103.7 r 100.5 r 111.7 r 101.2 r 108.2 r 106.3 r 107.5 r

 2007 102.4 r 105.1 r 102.6 r 108.1 r 101.7 r 105.5 r 105.6 r 105.6 r

 2006 100.9 r 103.0 r 102.1 r 103.8 r 100.5 r 102.8 r 103.0 r 102.9 r

 2005 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 

 2004 98.4 r 96.7 r 98.3 r 96.2 r 99.5 r 97.8 r 95.4 r 96.9 r

 2003 95.7 r 93.0 r 97.2 r 93.0 r 98.7 r 97.2 r 90.3 r 94.5 r

 2002 92.2 r 90.2 r 97.8 r 88.8 r 96.4 r 96.4 r 88.4 r 93.2 r

 2001 88.2 r 88.4 r 100.3 r 86.1 r 95.0 r 97.7 r 84.5 r 92.5 r

 2000 85.6 r 87.7 r 102.4 r 82.3 r 93.3 r 96.1 r 82.9 r 90.9 r

 1999 82.7 r 83.9 r 101.4 r 76.6 r 89.8 r 92.6 r 84.0 r 89.2 r

 1998 79.9 r 79.5 r 99.4 r 73.3 r 87.7 r 91.7 r 83.6 r 88.5 r

 1997 77.6 r 75.7 r 97.5 r 69.1 r 83.8 r 89.1 r 86.2 r 87.9 r

 1996 76.3 r 72.0 r 94.4 r 66.9 r 82.9 r 87.8 r 84.7 r 86.6 r

 1995 74.1 r 68.8 r 92.9 r 64.7 r 82.4 r 87.4 r 81.9 r 85.2 r

 1994 74.1 r 67.0 r 90.4 r 63.4 r 82.6 r 85.6 r 80.7 r 83.7 r

 1993 73.4 r 63.8 r 86.9 r 62.5 r 83.1 r 85.1 r 77.9 r 82.3 r

 1992 73.0 r 61.8 r 84.7 r 61.1 r 83.3 r 83.7 r 76.1 r 80.7 r

 1991 70.1 r 59.5 r 84.9 r 58.0 r 81.1 r 82.8 r 73.6 r 79.2 r

 1990 69.0 r 60.0 r 86.9 r 55.2 r 80.0 r 80.0 r 71.6 r 76.7 r

 1989 67.6 r 59.1 r 87.4 r 51.9 r 78.9 r 76.7 r 69.9 r 74.0 r

 1988 66.9 r 57.0 r 85.2 r 50.5 r 80.1 r 75.5 r 65.1 r 71.4 r

 1987 65.9 r 54.6 r 82.9 r 48.0 r 79.0 r 72.9 r 63.7 r 69.2 r

 1986 65.7 r 52.9 r 80.5 r 46.4 r 78.8 r 70.5 r 63.1 r 67.6 r

 1985 63.9 r 51.0 r 79.8 r 44.1 r 76.3 r 69.0 r 62.7 r 66.5 r

 1984 62.5 r 48.7 r 78.0 r 42.1 r 75.4 r 67.4 r 61.2 r 65.0 r

 1983 60.8 r 44.8 r 73.7 r 40.4 r 75.3 r 66.4 r 58.1 r 63.1 r

 1982 58.7 r 42.6 r 72.5 r 38.8 r 75.4 r 66.1 r 53.3 r 61.1 r

 1981 59.2 r 43.9 r 74.1 r 36.2 r 74.5 r 61.1 r 52.6 r 57.8 r

 1980 58.0 r 42.7 r 73.6 r 33.1 r 74.6 r 57.0 r 46.6 r 52.9 r

 1979 58.1 r 43.2 r 74.3 r 29.9 r 74.9 r 51.4 r 44.1 r 48.5 r

 1978 58.2 r 41.8 r 71.8 r 27.3 r 74.9 r 46.9 r 41.4 r 44.7 r

 1977 57.5 r 39.3 r 68.3 r 25.1 r 73.7 r 43.6 r 39.0 r 41.8 r

 1976 56.6 r 37.2 r 65.8 r 23.2 r 72.7 r 41.1 r 36.8 r 39.4 r

 1975 54.8 r 34.9 r 63.7 r 21.4 r 70.8 r 39.0 r 35.0 r 37.4 r

 1974 53.0 r 35.3 r 66.6 r 19.4 r 70.1 r 36.6 r 30.2 r 34.1 r

 1973 53.9 r 35.8 r 66.5 r 17.7 r 71.0 r 32.9 r 28.4 r 31.1 r

 1972 52.3 r 33.5 r 64.0 r 16.3 r 69.6 r 31.2 r 27.0 r 29.6 r

 1971 50.6 r 31.4 r 62.1 r 15.4 r 67.5 r 30.3 r 25.8 r 28.5 r

 1970 48.6 r 30.3 r 62.2 r 14.5 r 66.3 r 29.7 r 23.8 r 27.4 r

 1969 47.7 r 30.3 r 63.5 r 13.4 r 65.1 r 28.1 r 23.3 r 26.2 r

 1968 47.4 r 29.4 r 61.9 r 12.5 64.2 r 26.4 r 23.0 r 25.1 r

 1967 45.9 r 28.0 r 61.0 r 11.6 61.9 r 25.3 r 22.3 r 24.1 r

 1966 44.9 r 27.5 r 61.2 r 11.0 60.4 r 24.5 r 22.0 r 23.5 r

 1965 43.1 r 25.7 r 59.6 r 10.3 r 58.2 r 23.9 r 21.5 r 22.9 r

 1964 41.7 r 24.0 r 57.7 r 9.9 r 57.0 r 23.8 r 20.7 r 22.6 r

 1963 40.3 r 22.6 r 56.1 r 9.6 r 55.6 r 23.7 r 20.2 r 22.3 r

 1962 38.8 r 21.6 r 55.7 r 9.2 r 54.4 r 23.8 r 19.7 r 22.2 r

 1961 37.1 r 20.3 r 54.7 r 8.8 52.6 r 23.8 r 19.1 r 22.0 r

 1960 35.8 r 19.9 r 55.5 r 8.5 r 51.2 r 23.7 r 18.8 r 21.8 r

 1959 35.2 r 19.5 r 55.4 r 8.2 r 50.0 r 23.2 r 19.1 r 21.6 r

 1958 33.9 r 18.0 r 53.2 r 7.8 48.3 r 23.1 r 18.7 r 21.4 r

 1957 33.0 r 18.4 r 55.7 r 7.5 47.6 r 22.8 r 18.3 r 21.0 r

 1956 32.0 r 18.1 r 56.5 r 7.1 r 46.2 r 22.1 r 17.8 r 20.4 r

 1955 31.9 r 17.8 r 55.7 r 6.6 r 44.0 r 20.7 r 18.2 r 19.7 r

 1954 30.6 r 16.4 r 53.7 r 6.5 42.7 r 21.1 r 17.1 r 19.5 r

 1953 30.0 r 16.7 r 55.5 r 6.3 r 41.7 r 20.9 r 17.2 r 19.4 r

 1952 28.9 r 15.9 r 54.8 r 5.9 r 39.5 r 20.3 r 17.6 r 19.2 r

 1951 28.1 r 15.4 r 54.7 r 5.5 r 37.9 r 19.7 r 18.0 r 19.0 r

 1950 27.3 r 14.5 r 53.0 r 5.1 37.3 r 18.5 r 16.3 r 17.7 r
-16- 

 1949 25.2 r 13.2 r 52.3 r 4.7 35.3 r 18.7 r 15.5 r 17.5 r

 1948 24.6 r 13.3 r 54.0 r 4.7 r 34.4 r 18.9 r 15.7 r 17.6 r

 1947 23.5 r 12.6 r 53.6 r 4.3 r 34.3 r 18.2 r 14.1 r 16.6 r

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

See footnotes following Table 6. August 9, 2011

r=revised Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics
-17- 

Appendix table 2. 

Nonfarm business sector: Productivity, hourly compensation, unit labor costs, and prices

 Real

 Output Compen- compen- Unit Implicit

 per hour Hours sation sation Unit nonlabor price

 of all of all per hour per hour labor payments deflator

 Year persons Output persons (1) (2) costs (3) (4)

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

 Indexes 2005=100

 2010 109.8 r 102.4 r 93.2 r 115.8 r 103.7 r 105.4 r 116.1 r 109.6 r

 2009 105.5 r 98.5 r 93.3 r 113.4 r 103.3 r 107.5 r 109.8 r 108.4 r

 2008 103.1 r 103.7 r 100.6 r 111.6 r 101.2 r 108.2 r 105.8 r 107.3 r

 2007 102.4 r 105.3 r 102.7 r 107.9 r 101.6 r 105.3 r 105.4 r 105.4 r

 2006 100.9 r 103.1 r 102.2 r 103.8 r 100.5 r 102.8 r 103.2 r 103.0 r

 2005 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 

 2004 98.4 r 96.7 r 98.3 r 96.2 r 99.4 r 97.8 r 94.8 r 96.6 r

 2003 95.8 r 93.0 r 97.1 r 93.1 r 98.8 r 97.1 r 90.1 r 94.4 r

 2002 92.4 r 90.3 r 97.6 r 88.9 r 96.5 r 96.2 r 88.7 r 93.2 r

 2001 88.4 r 88.6 r 100.2 r 86.2 r 95.0 r 97.5 r 84.6 r 92.4 r

 2000 85.9 r 87.8 r 102.2 r 82.5 r 93.5 r 96.0 r 83.0 r 90.9 r

 1999 83.1 r 84.1 r 101.2 r 76.8 r 89.9 r 92.4 r 84.1 r 89.1 r

 1998 80.4 r 79.6 r 99.0 r 73.6 r 88.0 r 91.5 r 83.3 r 88.3 r

 1997 78.1 r 75.7 r 96.9 r 69.4 r 84.2 r 88.9 r 85.6 r 87.6 r

 1996 76.9 r 72.1 r 93.7 r 67.4 r 83.4 r 87.5 r 83.7 r 86.0 r

 1995 75.0 r 69.0 r 92.0 r 65.2 r 82.9 r 86.9 r 81.6 r 84.8 r

 1994 74.7 r 66.9 r 89.6 r 63.9 r 83.2 r 85.5 r 80.1 r 83.4 r

 1993 73.9 r 63.9 r 86.4 r 62.7 r 83.5 r 84.9 r 77.3 r 81.9 r

 1992 73.5 r 61.8 r 84.0 r 61.5 r 83.9 r 83.7 r 75.1 r 80.3 r

 1991 70.7 r 59.5 r 84.2 r 58.4 r 81.6 r 82.6 r 72.8 r 78.7 r

 1990 69.6 r 60.1 r 86.3 r 55.5 r 80.3 r 79.7 r 70.5 r 76.1 r

 1989 68.4 r 59.2 r 86.6 r 52.2 r 79.4 r 76.4 r 68.7 r 73.4 r

 1988 67.9 r 57.2 r 84.3 r 50.9 r 80.8 r 75.1 r 64.2 r 70.8 r

 1987 66.8 r 54.7 r 81.9 r 48.5 r 79.7 r 72.7 r 62.7 r 68.7 r

 1986 66.6 r 52.9 r 79.5 r 46.8 r 79.5 r 70.3 r 62.1 r 67.1 r

 1985 64.6 r 51.0 r 78.9 r 44.5 r 76.9 r 68.9 r 61.5 r 66.0 r

 1984 63.5 r 48.9 r 76.9 r 42.6 r 76.2 r 67.0 r 59.7 r 64.1 r

 1983 62.3 r 45.1 r 72.5 r 40.9 r 76.2 r 65.7 r 57.2 r 62.4 r

 1982 59.7 r 42.4 r 71.1 r 39.3 r 76.3 r 65.8 r 52.1 r 60.4 r

 1981 60.3 r 43.8 r 72.7 r 36.7 r 75.5 r 60.8 r 50.9 r 56.9 r

 1980 59.5 r 42.9 r 72.2 r 33.4 r 75.4 r 56.2 r 45.3 r 51.9 r

 1979 59.6 r 43.4 r 72.8 r 30.2 r 75.7 r 50.7 r 42.3 r 47.4 r

 1978 59.9 r 42.1 r 70.3 r 27.6 r 75.8 r 46.1 r 39.9 r 43.7 r

 1977 59.1 r 39.5 r 66.8 r 25.4 r 74.5 r 42.9 r 37.8 r 40.9 r

 1976 58.2 r 37.4 r 64.2 r 23.5 r 73.4 r 40.3 r 35.7 r 38.5 r

 1975 56.3 r 34.9 r 62.0 r 21.6 r 71.6 r 38.4 r 33.5 r 36.5 r

 1974 54.8 r 35.5 r 64.8 r 19.7 r 71.0 r 35.9 r 28.4 r 32.9 r

 1973 55.7 r 36.0 r 64.7 r 17.9 r 71.8 r 32.2 r 26.3 r 29.9 r

 1972 54.0 r 33.6 r 62.2 r 16.6 r 70.5 r 30.7 r 26.0 r 28.8 r

 1971 52.3 r 31.5 r 60.2 r 15.5 r 68.4 r 29.8 r 25.2 r 28.0 r

 1970 50.2 r 30.3 r 60.4 r 14.6 r 67.1 r 29.1 r 23.3 r 26.8 r

 1969 49.5 r 30.4 r 61.3 r 13.6 r 66.2 r 27.5 r 22.8 r 25.7 r

 1968 49.4 r 29.5 r 59.6 r 12.8 65.3 r 25.8 r 22.6 r 24.6 r

 1967 47.8 r 28.0 r 58.6 r 11.8 r 63.1 r 24.8 r 21.9 r 23.6 r

 1966 47.0 r 27.5 r 58.6 r 11.2 r 61.5 r 23.8 r 21.5 r 22.9 r

 1965 45.4 r 25.7 r 56.6 r 10.6 r 59.7 r 23.3 r 21.0 r 22.4 r

 1964 44.0 r 24.0 r 54.5 r 10.2 r 58.7 r 23.2 r 20.3 r 22.1 r

 1963 42.7 r 22.5 r 52.6 r 9.9 57.7 r 23.2 r 19.7 r 21.8 r

 1962 41.3 r 21.5 r 52.0 r 9.6 56.5 r 23.2 r 19.3 r 21.7 r

 1961 39.5 r 20.1 r 50.9 r 9.2 54.9 r 23.3 r 18.6 r 21.5 r

 1960 38.3 r 19.7 r 51.4 r 8.9 r 53.7 r 23.3 r 18.2 r 21.3 r

 1959 37.9 r 19.4 r 51.1 r 8.6 52.3 r 22.6 r 18.7 r 21.0 r

 1958 36.5 r 17.8 r 48.9 r 8.2 r 50.7 r 22.6 r 18.0 r 20.8 r

 1957 35.7 r 18.2 r 51.0 r 7.9 r 50.2 r 22.2 r 17.9 r 20.5 r

 1956 34.8 r 17.8 r 51.3 r 7.5 49.0 r 21.5 r 17.3 r 19.9 r

 1955 35.0 r 17.5 r 50.1 r 7.1 46.9 r 20.1 r 17.7 r 19.2 r

 1954 33.6 r 16.2 r 48.1 r 6.8 45.0 r 20.2 r 16.7 r 18.8 r

 1953 33.0 r 16.4 r 49.8 r 6.6 44.0 r 20.0 r 16.6 r 18.7 r

 1952 32.2 r 15.7 r 48.6 r 6.2 42.0 r 19.4 r 16.7 r 18.3 r

 1951 31.7 r 15.2 r 48.1 r 5.9 r 40.5 r 18.7 r 16.8 r 18.0 r

 1950 30.8 r 14.2 r 45.9 r 5.4 40.2 r 17.7 r 15.6 r 16.9 r
-18- 

 1949 28.9 r 12.9 r 44.5 r 5.1 38.5 r 17.8 r 15.0 r 16.7 r

 1948 28.0 r 12.9 r 46.3 r 5.0 36.9 r 17.9 r 14.5 r 16.5 r

 1947 27.2 r 12.4 r 45.5 r 4.6 r 36.7 r 16.9 r 13.4 r 15.5 r

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See footnotes following Table 6. August 9, 2011

r=revised Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics
-19- 

Appendix table 3. 

Nonfinancial corporate sector: Productivity, hourly compensation, unit labor costs, unit profits,

and prices

 Real Unit

 Output Hourly hourly non- Total Unit Implicit

 per all- compen- compen- Unit labor unit pro- price

 employee Employee sation sation labor costs cost fits deflator

 Year hour Output hours (1) (2) costs (6) (7) (8) (4)

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

 Indexes 2005=100

 2010 110.3 r 102.2 r 92.7 r 115.6 r 103.5 r 104.9 r 108.0 r 105.7 r 116.7 r 107.1 r

 2009 104.7 r 97.0 r 92.6 r 113.4 r 103.2 r 108.4 r 119.5 r 111.5 r 83.0 r 107.9 

 2008 103.0 r 103.5 r 100.5 r 111.2 r 100.8 r 108.0 r 113.5 r 109.5 r 91.5 r 107.2 

 2007 102.7 r 105.0 102.2 r 107.3 r 101.0 r 104.5 109.0 105.7 99.8 105.0 

 2006 101.9 r 103.8 101.9 r 103.3 r 100.0 r 101.3 103.0 101.8 111.6 103.0 

 2005 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 

 2004 97.8 r 96.5 98.7 r 96.5 r 99.7 r 98.6 95.7 97.8 88.0 96.6 

 2003 94.4 r 92.3 97.8 r 93.9 r 99.7 r 99.5 96.8 98.7 66.0 94.6 

 2002 90.5 r 90.1 99.6 r 89.5 r 97.1 r 98.9 97.0 98.4 59.4 93.5 

 2001 87.1 r 89.5 102.7 r 87.1 r 96.1 r 100.0 96.7 99.1 51.8 93.1 

 2000 86.4 r 91.2 105.6 r 84.4 r 95.6 r 97.6 91.1 95.8 64.3 91.8 

 1999 83.0 r 86.6 104.3 r 78.6 r 92.0 r 94.6 88.1 92.8 77.3 90.8 

 1998 80.5 r 82.0 102.0 r 75.2 r 90.0 r 93.5 85.7 91.3 83.1 90.3 

 1997 77.8 r 77.6 99.8 r 71.0 r 86.0 r 91.2 85.3 89.6 94.7 90.2 

 1996 75.8 r 72.9 96.1 r 68.9 r 85.3 r 90.8 85.4 89.3 92.5 89.7 

 1995 73.1 r 69.0 94.4 r 66.9 r 85.1 r 91.5 85.8 89.9 85.4 89.3 

 1994 72.4 r 66.0 91.1 r 65.7 r 85.6 r 90.8 85.5 89.3 82.4 88.4 

 1993 70.9 r 62.0 87.4 r 64.6 r 85.9 r 91.0 85.1 89.4 70.3 87.0 

 1992 70.8 r 60.4 85.4 r 63.4 r 86.5 r 89.6 85.8 88.6 61.4 85.1 

 1991 69.0 r 58.7 85.0 r 60.5 r 84.6 r 87.6 87.9 87.7 58.0 83.9 

 1990 67.4 r 59.0 87.5 r 57.6 r 83.4 r 85.6 83.5 85.0 58.9 81.7 

 1989 66.6 r 58.1 87.2 r 55.0 r 83.6 r 82.5 80.0 81.8 61.2 79.2 

 1988 67.6 r 57.1 84.6 r 53.7 r 85.1 r 79.4 75.1 78.2 66.8 76.8 

 1987 65.9 r 54.0 82.0 r 51.5 r 84.6 r 78.1 74.2 77.0 60.3 74.9 

 1986 64.6 r 51.4 79.5 r 49.8 r 84.7 r 77.1 74.9 76.5 53.6 73.6 

 1985 63.3 r 50.1 79.3 r 47.5 r 82.1 r 75.0 71.5 74.1 62.4 72.6 

 1984 62.0 r 48.1 77.5 r 45.4 r 81.3 r 73.2 69.6 72.2 65.2 71.3 

 1983 60.6 r 44.2 72.8 r 43.6 r 81.3 r 71.9 70.3 71.5 54.3 69.3 

 1982 58.7 r 42.1 71.8 r 42.1 r 81.7 r 71.7 70.2 71.3 44.7 67.9 

 1981 58.5 r 43.1 73.8 r 39.5 r 81.3 r 67.5 63.3 66.3 48.5 64.1 

 1980 57.1 r 41.5 72.7 r 36.2 r 81.7 r 63.5 55.6 61.3 40.7 58.7 

 1979 57.2 r 41.9 73.2 r 32.9 r 82.5 r 57.5 47.5 54.7 45.4 53.5 

 1978 57.7 r 40.6 70.4 r 30.2 r 82.9 r 52.3 43.6 49.9 48.4 49.7 

 1977 57.0 r 38.2 66.9 r 27.6 r 81.2 r 48.5 41.5 46.5 46.6 46.6 

 1976 55.5 r 35.5 64.0 r 25.6 r 80.1 r 46.1 40.0 44.4 42.7 44.2 

 1975 53.7 r 32.8 61.2 r 23.7 r 78.3 r 44.1 40.3 43.0 37.8 42.4 

 1974 51.7 r 33.3 64.5 r 21.5 r 77.8 r 41.7 35.4 39.9 29.1 38.6 

 1973 52.8 r 33.9 64.2 r 19.7 r 78.9 r 37.3 30.8 35.5 32.9 35.2 

 1972 52.2 r 31.9 61.1 r 18.3 r 77.9 r 35.0 29.3 33.4 32.5 33.3 

 1971 51.2 r 29.6 57.9 r 17.3 r 76.3 r 33.9 29.3 32.6 30.0 32.3 

 1970 49.1 r 28.5 58.0 r 16.3 r 74.9 r 33.3 28.0 31.8 26.5 31.1 

 1969 48.7 r 28.7 58.9 r 15.3 r 74.0 r 31.3 24.8 29.5 32.5 29.9 

 1968 48.7 r 27.6 56.7 r 14.3 r 73.1 r 29.4 23.0 27.6 35.9 28.6 

 1967 47.0 r 25.9 55.1 r 13.3 r 70.8 r 28.3 21.7 26.4 36.0 27.6 

 1966 46.2 r 25.2 54.6 r 12.6 r 69.1 r 27.2 20.4 25.3 38.5 27.0 

 1965 45.4 r 23.5 51.8 r 11.9 r 67.3 r 26.2 20.3 24.6 38.7 26.4 

 1964 44.3 r 21.7 49.0 r 11.6 r 66.5 r 26.1 20.5 24.6 36.0 26.0 

 1963 43.6 r 20.3 46.5 r 11.4 r 66.1 r 26.0 20.5 24.5 34.7 25.8 

 1962 42.1 r 19.1 45.5 r 11.0 r 65.0 r 26.2 20.6 24.6 32.8 25.7 

 1961 40.3 r 17.6 43.8 r 10.6 r 63.2 r 26.3 21.0 24.8 30.4 25.5 

 1960 39.0 r 17.2 44.2 r 10.3 r 61.8 r 26.3 20.6 24.7 30.3 25.4 

 1959 38.4 r 16.7 43.5 r 9.9 r 60.5 r 25.7 20.1 24.2 32.9 25.3 

 1958 36.6 r 15.0 41.0 r 9.5 r 58.7 r 26.0 21.0 24.6 28.3 25.1 

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

See footnotes following Table 6. August 9, 2011

r=revised Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics