For release 10:00 a.m. (EDT) Tuesday, March 31, 2020 USDL-20-0520 

Technical information: oesinfo@bls.gov • www.bls.gov/oes 

Media contact: (202) 691-5902 • PressOffice@bls.gov

OCCUPATIONAL EMPLOYMENT AND WAGES — MAY 2019

Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations had employment of 5.7 million in May 2019, 

representing 3.9 percent of total national employment, the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported 

today. The largest installation, maintenance, and repair occupation was general maintenance and repair 

workers (1.4 million) and the highest paying installation, maintenance, and repair occupation was 

powerhouse, substation, and relay electrical and electronics repairers ($81,280). (See charts 1 and 2.)

The annual mean wage across all installation, maintenance, and repair occupations was $50,130, 

compared with the U.S. average wage of $53,490. (See table 1.) 

The Occupational Employment Statistics (OES) program provides employment and wage estimates for 

nearly 800 occupations in the nation, states, and approximately 530 areas. National data are available by

industry for approximately 415 industry classifications and by ownership across all industries, schools, 

and hospitals. This news release features installation, maintenance, and repair; sales and related; and 

community and social service occupations, in addition to STEM (science, technology, engineering, and 

mathematics) occupations and employment and wages by typical entry-level educational requirement.

National employment and wage information for all occupations is shown in table 1. 

Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations 

• The largest installation, maintenance, and repair occupations were general maintenance and 

repair workers (1.4 million); automotive service technicians and mechanics (655,330); and firstline supervisors of mechanics, installers, and repairers (485,700). (See table 1 and chart 1.) 

• The highest paying installation, maintenance, and repair occupations included powerhouse, 

substation, and relay electrical and electronics repairers ($81,280), which typically require a 

Changes to the Occupational Employment Statistics (OES) Data 

With the May 2019 estimates, the OES program has begun implementing the 2018 Standard 

Occupational Classification (SOC) system. See the box note at the end of this news release for more 

information on changes to the OES data.
- 2 - 

postsecondary nondegree award, such as a certificate, for entry; and signal and track switch 

repairers ($72,690) and electrical power-line installers and repairers ($71,960), which typically 

require a high school diploma or equivalent. (See table 1 and chart 2.) 

• The lowest paying installation, maintenance, and repair occupations were tire repairers and 

changers ($30,350) and bicycle repairers ($31,360). (See table 1.)

• Industries with the largest employment of installation, maintenance, and repair occupations 

were automotive repair and maintenance (454,220), building equipment contractors (437,470),

and real estate (352,350). 

• States with the highest employment shares of installation, maintenance, and repair occupations 

included Wyoming (6.6 percent of state employment), Alaska (5.7 percent), and North Dakota 

(5.3 percent). 

• Alaska ($61,260), the District of Columbia ($60,630), and Connecticut ($58,110) were among 

the states with the highest wages for installation, maintenance, and repair occupations. 

State data are available at www.bls.gov/oes/current/oessrcst.htm. 

0 500,000 1,000,000 1,500,000

Maintenance and repair workers, general

Automotive service technicians and mechanics

First-line supervisors of mechanics, installers, and

repairers

Industrial machinery mechanics

Heating, air conditioning, and refrigeration mechanics and

installers

Bus and truck mechanics and diesel engine specialists

Telecommunications equipment installers and repairers,

except line installers

Installation, maintenance, and repair workers, all other

Mobile heavy equipment mechanics, except engines

Automotive body and related repairers

Employment

Chart 1. Employment for the largest installation, maintenance, and repair occupations, 

May 2019

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Occupational Employment Statistics.
- 3 - 

National industry-specific data are available at www.bls.gov/oes/current/oessrci.htm. 

Sales and related occupations 

• Sales and related occupations had employment of 14.4 million, representing 9.8 percent of U.S. 

employment, and an annual mean wage of $43,060. This was the second-largest occupational 

group, after office and administrative support occupations. (See table 1.) 

• The largest sales and related occupations were retail salespersons (4.3 million); cashiers (3.6 

million); and wholesale and manufacturing sales representatives, except technical and scientific 

products (1.3 million). (See table 1.) 

• Metropolitan areas with the highest employment of wholesale and manufacturing sales 

representatives, except technical and scientific products were New York-Newark-Jersey City, 

N.Y.-N.J.-PA. (84,870); Los Angeles-Long Beach-Anaheim, CA. (63,550); and ChicagoNaperville-Elgin, IL.-IN.-WI. (57,050). 

• The highest paying sales and related occupations were sales engineers ($112,780); securities, 

commodities, and financial services sales agents ($93,090); and wholesale and manufacturing 

$0 $25,000 $50,000 $75,000 $100,000

Electrical and electronics repairers, powerhouse,

substation, and relay

Signal and track switch repairers

Electrical power-line installers and repairers

First-line supervisors of mechanics, installers, and

repairers

Aircraft mechanics and service technicians

Commercial divers

Avionics technicians

Electrical and electronics installers and repairers,

transportation equipment

Electrical and electronics repairers, commercial and

industrial equipment

Precision instrument and equipment repairers, all other

All occupations

All installation, maintenance, and repair occupations

Annual mean wage

Chart 2. Highest paying installation, maintenance, and repair occupations, May 2019

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Occupational Employment Statistics.
- 4 - 

sales representatives of technical and scientific products ($92,980). These occupations typically 

require a bachelor’s degree for entry. (See table 1.)

• The lowest paying sales and related occupations were cashiers ($24,370) and gambling change 

persons and booth cashiers ($28,010). (See table 1.)

• Wholesale and manufacturing sales representatives, except technical and scientific 

products had an annual mean wage of $71,110 nationally. (See table 1.) The highest paying 

states for this occupation included New Jersey ($84,170), Massachusetts ($82,220), and 

Colorado ($81,670). 

Metropolitan area data are available at www.bls.gov/oes/current/oessrcma.htm. 

Community and social service occupations

• Community and social service occupations had total employment of 2.2 million and an annual 

mean wage of $50,480. (See table 1.)

• The largest community and social service occupations were social and human service assistants 

(404,450) and child, family, and school social workers (327,710). (See table 1.)

• The highest paying community and social service occupations included all other social workers 

($61,750); educational, guidance, and career counselors and advisors ($61,000); and health 

education specialists ($60,500). Educational, guidance, and career counselors and advisors 

typically require a master’s degree for entry; health education specialists and all other social 

workers typically require a bachelor’s degree. (See table 1.)

• The lowest paying occupation in this group was social and human service assistants ($37,050). 

(See table 1.) 

• Child, family, and school social workers had an annual mean wage of $51,030 nationally. (See 

table 1.) The states with the highest wages for this occupation included New Jersey ($68,830) 

and the District of Columbia ($71,590). The lowest paying states for this occupation included 

Mississippi ($37,190) and Oklahoma ($37,610). 

Typical entry-level education

• Occupations typically requiring postsecondary education for entry made up 38 percent of 

employment. The largest postsecondary category, occupations typically requiring a bachelor’s 

degree for entry, made up 22 percent of employment. This educational category includes 

registered nurses; teachers at the kindergarten through secondary levels; and many management, 

business and financial operations, computer, and engineering occupations. 

• Occupations typically requiring a high school diploma or the equivalent for entry made up 38 

percent of employment, and occupations typically requiring no formal educational credential

for entry made up 24 percent of employment. These two educational categories include most 
- 5 - 

production and construction occupations, as well as large occupations such as retail salespersons, 

fast food and counter workers, and cashiers.

• Average wages were generally higher for occupations requiring more education. Annual mean 

wages were $29,190 for occupations typically requiring no formal educational credential for

entry, $44,190 for occupations typically requiring a high school diploma or the equivalent, 

$58,430 for occupations typically requiring an associate’s degree, and $88,260 for occupations 

typically requiring a bachelor’s degree.

• The highest paying occupations typically requiring less than a bachelor’s degree for entry 

included air traffic controllers ($120,140), which typically require an associate’s degree for 

entry, and transportation, storage, and distribution managers ($103,320), which typically require 

a high school diploma or the equivalent. (See chart 3.)

The typical education level required to enter an occupation is based on education and training categories 

from the BLS Employment Projections program. More information about the system of education and 

training categories is available at www.bls.gov/emp/documentation/education/tech.htm. Typical entrylevel educational requirements assigned to each occupation in the May 2019 OES estimates are available 

at www.bls.gov/oes/educ_list_2019.xlsx. Additional charts are available at 

www.bls.gov/oes/current/overview_2019.htm. 

$0 $25,000 $50,000 $75,000 $100,000 $125,000

Air traffic controllers

Transportation, storage, and distribution managers

Commercial pilots

Nuclear power reactor operators

Funeral home managers

First-line supervisors of police and detectives

Athletes and sports competitors

Radiation therapists

Power distributors and dispatchers

Captains, mates, and pilots of water vessels

All occupations

Annual mean wage

Chart 3. Highest paying occupations that typically require less than a 

bachelor's degree for entry, May 2019

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Occupational Employment Statistics 

and Employment Projections.
- 6 - 

Science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) occupations

• There were over 9.3 million STEM jobs representing 6.4 percent of total U.S. employment.

• Six of the 10 largest STEM occupations were related to computers and included software 

developers and software quality assurance analysts and testers (1.4 million) and computer user 

support specialists (647,330). (See table 1.)

• Areas with the highest employment shares of STEM occupations were California-Lexington 

Park, MD. (28.1 percent), and San Jose-Sunnyvale-Santa Clara, CA. (21.0 percent). (See chart 

4.) 

• STEM occupations had an annual mean wage of $95,350, compared with $50,600 for nonSTEM occupations. Ninety-one of the 98 STEM occupations had mean wages significantly 

above the all-occupations average of $53,490. (See table 1.) 

• The highest paying STEM occupations were petroleum engineers ($156,780) and the three

STEM-related management occupations: computer and information systems managers 

0 10 20 30

California-Lexington Park, MD

San Jose-Sunnyvale-Santa Clara, CA

Boulder, CO

Huntsville, AL

Bloomington, IL

Columbus, IN

Corvallis, OR

Durham-Chapel Hill, NC

Seattle-Tacoma-Bellevue, WA

Washington-Arlington-Alexandria, DC-VA-MD-WV

United States

Percent 

Chart 4. Metropolitan areas with the highest employment shares of STEM 

occupations, May 2019

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Occupational Employment Statistics.
- 7 - 

($156,390), architectural and engineering managers ($152,930), and natural sciences managers 

($145,450). (See table 1.)

• The lowest paying STEM occupations were agricultural and food science technicians ($44,440) 

and forest and conservation technicians ($45,860). (See table 1.)

Occupations included in the STEM definition used for this news release are available at

www.bls.gov/oes/stem_list_2019.xlsx. Additional STEM charts are available at

www.bls.gov/oes/current/overview_2019.htm. 

Largest occupations

• The largest occupations overall were retail salespersons (4.3 million) and fast food and counter 

workers (4.0 million). (See table 1.) 

• Eight of the 10 largest occupations had below-average wages. Retail salespersons ($29,360) and 

fast food and counter workers ($23,250) had annual mean wages significantly below the alloccupations average of $53,490. (See table 1.) 

• Of the 10 largest occupations, registered nurses ($77,460) and general and operations managers 

($123,030) were the only occupations with above-average wages. (See table 1.)

Public sector occupations

• The public sector made up 15 percent of employment and had a different occupational mix from 

the private sector. 

• Many of the largest public sector occupations were related to education. These occupations 

included elementary school teachers, except special education (public sector employment of 1.3 

million); teaching assistants, except postsecondary (1.1 million); secondary school teachers, 

except special and career/technical education (904,570); and middle school teachers, except 

special and career/technical education (553,620). 

• Outside of the educational instruction and library group, the occupations with the highest public 

sector employment included police and sheriff’s patrol officers (658,300); general office clerks 

(511,040); and secretaries and administrative assistants, except legal, medical, and executive 

(500,330). 
- 8 - 

Changes to the Occupational Employment Statistics (OES) Data

With the May 2019 estimates, the OES program has begun implementing the 2018 Standard 

Occupational Classification (SOC) system. Each set of OES estimates is calculated from six panels of 

survey data collected over three years. Because the May 2019 estimates are based on a combination of 

survey data collected using the 2010 SOC and survey data collected using the 2018 SOC, these 

estimates use a hybrid of the two classification systems that contains some combinations of occupations 

that are not found in either the 2010 or 2018 SOC. These combinations may include occupations from 

more than one 2018 SOC minor group or broad occupation. Therefore, OES will not publish data for 

some 2018 SOC minor groups and broad occupations in the May 2019 estimates. The May 2021 

estimates, to be published in Spring 2022, will be the first OES estimates based entirely on survey data 

collected using the 2018 SOC. 

In addition, the OES program has replaced some 2018 SOC detailed occupations with SOC broad 

occupations or OES-specific aggregations. These include home health aides and personal care aides, for 

which OES will publish only the 2018 SOC broad occupation 31-1120 Home Health and Personal Care 

Aides.

For more information on the occupational classification system used in the May 2019 OES estimates, 

please see www.bls.gov/oes/soc_2018.htm and www.bls.gov/oes/oes_ques.htm#qf10. 

The May 2019 OES estimates use the metropolitan area definitions delineated in Office of Management 

and Budget (OMB) Bulletin 17-01, which add a new Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA) for Twin 

Falls, Idaho. For more information on the area definitions used in the May 2019 estimates, please see 

www.bls.gov/oes/current/msa_def.htm. 
Technical Note

Scope of the survey

The Occupational Employment Statistics (OES) survey is a 

semiannual survey measuring occupational employment and wage 

rates for wage and salary workers in nonfarm establishments in 

the United States. The OES data available from BLS include 

cross-industry occupational employment and wage estimates for 

the nation; over 580 areas, including states and the District of 

Columbia, metropolitan statistical areas (MSAs), 

nonmetropolitan areas, and territories; national industry-specific 

estimates at the NAICS sector, 3-digit, most 4-digit, and selected 

5- and 6-digit industry levels; and national estimates by ownership 

across all industries and for schools and hospitals.

The OES survey is a cooperative effort between BLS and the 

State Workforce Agencies (SWAs). BLS funds the survey and 

provides the procedures and technical support, while the State 

Workforce Agencies collect most of the data. OES estimates are 

constructed from a sample of about 1.1 million establishments. 

Each year, two semiannual panels of approximately 180,000 to 

200,000 sampled establishments are contacted, one panel in May 

and the other in November. Responses are obtained by mail, 

Internet or other electronic means, email, telephone, or personal 

visit. The May 2019 estimates are based on responses from six 

semiannual panels collected over a 3-year period: May 2019, 

November 2018, May 2018, November 2017, May 2017, and 

November 2016. The unweighted sampled employment of 83 

million across all six semiannual panels represents approximately 

57 percent of total national employment. The overall national 

response rate for the six panels, based on the 50 states and the 

District of Columbia, is 71 percent based on establishments 

and 68 percent based on weighted sampled employment. 

The occupational coding system

The May 2019 OES estimates contain nearly 800 

occupational categories based on the Office of Management and 

Budget’s Standard Occupational Classification (SOC) system. 

Together, these occupations make up 22 of the 23 SOC major 

occupational groups. Major group 55, Military Specific 

Occupations, is not included. 

For more information about the SOC system, please see the 

BLS website at www.bls.gov/soc/. 

The May 2019 OES estimates are the first set of OES estimates 

to be based in part on survey data collected using the 2018 SOC. 

These estimates use a hybrid of the 2010 and 2018 SOC systems. 

For more information on the hybrid classification system used in the 

May 2019 OES estimates, please see the “Changes to the May 2019 

estimates” section of this technical note.

The industry coding system

The May 2019 OES estimates use the 2017 North American

Industry Classification System (NAICS). For more information 

about NAICS, see the BLS website at www.bls.gov/bls/naics.htm.

The OES survey excludes the majority of the agricultural

sector, with the exception of logging (NAICS 113310), support 

activities for crop production (NAICS 1151), and support activities 

for animal production (NAICS 1152). Private households (NAICS 

814) also are excluded. OES federal government data include the 

U.S. Postal Service and the federal executive branch only. All other 

industries, including state and local government, are covered by the 

survey.

Survey sample

The OES survey draws its sample from state unemployment 

insurance (UI) files. Supplemental sources are used for rail 

transportation (NAICS 4821) and Guam because they do not 

report to the UI program. The OES survey sample is stratified by 

metropolitan and nonmetropolitan area, industry, and size.

To provide the most occupational coverage, larger 

employers are more likely to be selected than smaller employers. 

A census is taken of the executive branch of the federal

government, the U.S. Postal Service, and state government.

Concepts

Occupational employment is the estimate of total wage and 

salary employment in an occupation. The OES survey defines 

employment as the number of workers who can be classified as 

full- or part-time employees, including workers on paid vacations 

or other types of paid leave; workers on unpaid short-term 

absences; salaried officers, executives, and staff members of 

incorporated firms; employees temporarily assigned to other units; 

and employees for whom the reporting unit is their permanent duty 

station, regardless of whether that unit prepares their paycheck. 

The survey does not include the self-employed, owners and

partners in unincorporated firms, household workers, or unpaid

family workers.

Wages for the OES survey are straight-time, gross pay, 

exclusive of premium pay. Base rate; cost-of-living allowances; 

guaranteed pay; hazardous-duty pay; incentive pay, including 

commissions and production bonuses; and tips are included. 

Excluded are overtime pay, severance pay, shift differentials, 

nonproduction bonuses, employer cost for supplementary 

benefits, and tuition reimbursements.

OES receives wage rate data for the federal government, the 

U.S. Postal Service, and most state governments. For the 

remaining establishments, the OES survey data are placed into 12 

intervals. The intervals are defined both as hourly rates and the 

corresponding annual rates, where the annual rate for an 

occupation is calculated by multiplying the hourly wage rate by a 

typical work year of 2,080 hours. The responding establishments 

are instructed to report the hourly rate for part-time workers, and 

to report annual rates for occupations that are typically paid at an 

annual rate but do not work 2,080 hours per year, such as teachers, 

pilots, and flight attendants. Other workers, such as some 

entertainment workers, are paid hourly rates, but generally do not 

work 40 hours per week, year round. For these workers, only an 

hourly wage is reported.
Estimation methodology

The OES survey is designed to produce estimates by 

combining six panels of data collected over a 3-year period. Each 

OES panel contains approximately 180,000 to 200,000 

establishments. Recent OES survey panels have a reduced 

sample; see the “Changes to the May 2019 estimates” section 

below for more information. The full six-panel sample of 1.1 

million establishments allows the production of estimates at

detailed levels of geography, industry, and occupation.

Wage updating. Significant reductions in sampling errors are 

obtained by combining six panels of data, particularly for small 

geographic areas and occupations. Wages for the current panel 

need no adjustment. However, wages in the five previous panels 

need to be updated to the current panel’s reference period.

The OES program uses the BLS Employment Cost Index 

(ECI) to adjust survey data from prior panels before combining 

them with the current panel’s data. The wage updating procedure 

adjusts each detailed occupation’s wage rate, as measured in the 

earlier panel, according to the average movement of its broader 

occupational division.

Imputation. Some establishments do not respond for a given 

panel. For most employers, a “nearest neighbor” hot deck 

imputation procedure is used to impute missing occupational 

employment totals. A variant of mean imputation is used to impute 

missing wage distributions. In some cases, data for 

nonrespondents are available from earlier panels. In those cases,

the older data may be used and aged to represent the current

reference period.

Weighting and benchmarking. The sampled establishments 

are weighted to represent all establishments for the reference 

period. Weights are further adjusted by the ratio of employment 

totals (the average of November 2018 and May 2019 

employment) from the BLS Quarterly Census of Employment and 

Wages to employment totals from the OES survey.

Changes to the May 2019 estimates

With the May 2019 estimates, the OES program has begun 

implementing the 2018 Standard Occupational Classification 

(SOC) system. Each set of OES estimates is calculated from six 

panels of survey data collected over three years. Because the May 

2019 estimates are based on a combination of survey data collected 

using the 2010 SOC and survey data collected using the 2018 SOC, 

these estimates use a hybrid of the two classification systems that 

contains some combinations of occupations that are not found in 

either the 2010 or 2018 SOC. These combinations may include 

occupations from more than one 2018 SOC minor group or broad 

occupation. Therefore, OES will not publish data for some 2018 

SOC minor groups and broad occupations in the May 

2019 estimates. The May 2021 estimates, to be published in 

Spring 2022, will be the first OES estimates based entirely on 

survey data collected using the 2018 SOC. 

In addition, the OES program has replaced some 2018 SOC 

detailed occupations with SOC broad occupations or OES-specific 

aggregations. These include home health aides and personal care 

aides, for which OES will publish only the 2018 SOC broad 

occupation 31-1120 Home Health and Personal Care Aides.

More information on the occupational classification system 

used in the May 2019 OES estimates is available at

www.bls.gov/oes/soc_2018.htm and in the OES frequently asked 

questions at www.bls.gov/oes/oes_ques.htm#qf10. 

The May 2019 OES estimates use the metropolitan area 

definitions delineated in Office of Management and Budget (OMB) 

Bulletin 17-01, which add a new Metropolitan Statistical Area 

(MSA) for Twin Falls, Idaho. For more information on the area 

definitions used in the May 2019 estimates, please see 

www.bls.gov/oes/current/msa_def.htm. 

The OES sample has been reduced in recent survey panels. 

The May 2019 OES survey panel had a sample of approximately 

183,000 establishments. The November 2017, May 2018, and 

November 2018 survey panels each had a sample of approximately

186,000 establishments. The May 2017 panel sample consisted of 

approximately 195,000 establishments, and the November 2016 

panel sample consisted of approximately 202,000 establishments. 

For more information

Answers to frequently asked questions about the OES data 

are available at www.bls.gov/oes/oes_ques.htm.
Table 1. National employment and wage data from the Occupational Employment Statistics survey by occupation, May 2019

Hourly Annual1

All occupations 146,875,480 $25.72 $53,490 $19.14

Management occupations 8,054,120 58.88 122,480 50.80

2,658,440 61.09 127,070 49.63

205,890 93.20 193,850 88.68

2,400,280 59.15 123,030 48.45

52,280 (2) 49,440 (2)

770,540 68.91 143,330 61.96

25,100 68.22 141,890 60.34

666,280 69.55 144,660 62.84

Marketing managers............................................................................................................................. 263,680 71.73 149,200 65.79

Sales managers.................................................................................................................................... 402,600 68.12 141,690 60.89

79,160 63.77 132,630 55.86

1,996,160 64.69 134,550 58.15

307,280 51.23 106,550 46.61

433,960 75.19 156,390 70.37

654,790 70.93 147,530 62.45

185,790 55.34 115,110 50.71

72,100 61.73 128,400 58.23

132,040 49.67 103,320 45.46

16,900 64.52 134,210 58.78

154,800 62.29 129,570 56.11

38,510 59.36 123,470 54.50

2,628,970 49.31 102,560 43.90

5,060 38.63 80,360 34.21

293,380 50.48 105,000 45.80

512,820 47.25 98,270 43.81

Education and childcare administrators, preschool and daycare........................................................... 52,360 25.81 53,690 23.18

Education administrators, kindergarten through secondary................................................................... 271,020 (2) 100,340 (2)

Education administrators, postsecondary.............................................................................................. 144,880 54.04 112,400 45.87

Education administrators, all other........................................................................................................ 44,550 44.30 92,150 41.08

194,250 73.52 152,930 69.63

235,470 28.76 59,820 26.60

4,450 40.72 84,700 36.04

38,340 30.56 63,570 26.17

394,910 55.37 115,160 48.55

67,720 69.93 145,450 62.07

13,850 37.60 78,220 36.97

220,750 34.48 71,720 28.25

156,460 35.05 72,900 32.28

10,060 39.68 82,530 35.86

9,400 45.78 95,220 36.71

472,060 57.07 118,710 53.19

Business and financial operations occupations 8,183,750 37.56 78,130 33.57

5,427,140 36.31 75,530 33.04

17,060 46.72 97,170 35.45

421,280 33.50 69,680 30.95

301,710 33.09 68,820 31.99

Claims adjusters, examiners, and investigators.................................................................................... 287,960 33.15 68,940 32.11

Insurance appraisers, auto damage...................................................................................................... 13,750 31.85 66,240 30.42

317,600 35.03 72,850 33.20

210,000 34.31 71,350 31.37

708,780 32.79 68,200 30.02

Human resources specialists................................................................................................................ 633,040 32.58 67,760 29.77

Farm labor contractors.......................................................................................................................... 160 29.84 62,060 29.77

Labor relations specialists..................................................................................................................... 75,580 34.55 71,870 33.18

182,050 37.83 78,680 35.94

709,750 45.94 95,560 40.99

117,610 26.39 54,880 24.33

81,660 30.21 62,830 27.87

89,300 33.58 69,840 31.04

312,450 31.56 65,640 29.43

678,500 34.41 71,570 30.67

1,279,390 38.57 80,220 35.37

2,756,610 40.03 83,260 34.59

1,280,700 38.23 79,520 34.40

56,320 30.58 63,610 27.41

51,460 38.61 80,300 36.80

73,930 40.83 84,930 35.41

210,190 57.35 119,290 42.24

100,050 37.33 77,640 33.67

64,550 44.39 92,330 38.99

340,480 35.46 73,750 29.37

Credit counselors.................................................................................................................................. 32,110 24.15 50,230 22.09

Loan officers......................................................................................................................................... 308,370 36.64 76,200 30.42

120,430 26.27 54,640 23.84

Tax examiners and collectors, and revenue agents............................................................................... 53,760 29.31 60,960 26.39

See footnotes at end of table.

Market research analysts and marketing specialists...................................................................................

Project management specialists and business operations specialists, all other..........................................

Tax examiners, collectors and preparers, and revenue agents..................................................................

Insurance underwriters..............................................................................................................................

Financial examiners...................................................................................................................................

 and managers, all other......................................................................................................................

Cost estimators..........................................................................................................................................

Human resources workers.........................................................................................................................

Credit counselors and loan officers............................................................................................................

Personal financial advisors........................................................................................................................

Credit analysts...........................................................................................................................................

Budget analysts.........................................................................................................................................

Property appraisers and assessors............................................................................................................

Accountants and auditors..........................................................................................................................

Financial specialists........................................................................................................................................

Logisticians................................................................................................................................................

Management analysts................................................................................................................................

Meeting, convention, and event planners...................................................................................................

Fundraisers...............................................................................................................................................

Compensation, benefits, and job analysis specialists.................................................................................

Training and development specialists........................................................................................................

Education and childcare administrators......................................................................................................

Architectural and engineering managers....................................................................................................

Personal service managers, all other; entertainment and recreation managers, except gambling;

Funeral home managers............................................................................................................................

Food service managers.............................................................................................................................

Gambling managers..................................................................................................................................

Lodging managers.....................................................................................................................................

Medical and health services managers......................................................................................................

Natural sciences managers........................................................................................................................

Postmasters and mail superintendents......................................................................................................

Property, real estate, and community association managers......................................................................

Social and community service managers...................................................................................................

Emergency management directors............................................................................................................

Occupation

Advertising and promotions managers.......................................................................................................

Marketing and sales managers..................................................................................................................

Operations specialties managers....................................................................................................................

Administrative services and facilities managers.........................................................................................

Top executives...............................................................................................................................................

Chief executives........................................................................................................................................

General and operations managers.............................................................................................................

Legislators.................................................................................................................................................

Advertising, marketing, promotions, public relations, and sales managers......................................................

Mean wages

Employment

Public relations and fundraising managers.................................................................................................

Compensation and benefits managers.......................................................................................................

Human resources managers......................................................................................................................

Training and development managers.........................................................................................................

Other management occupations.....................................................................................................................

Farmers, ranchers, and other agricultural managers..................................................................................

Computer and information systems managers...........................................................................................

Financial managers...................................................................................................................................

Industrial production managers..................................................................................................................

Purchasing managers................................................................................................................................

Transportation, storage, and distribution managers...................................................................................

Business operations specialists......................................................................................................................

Agents and business managers of artists, performers, and athletes...........................................................

Buyers and purchasing agents...................................................................................................................

Claims adjusters, appraisers, examiners, and investigators.......................................................................

Compliance officers...................................................................................................................................

Construction managers..............................................................................................................................

Median 

hourly 

wages
Hourly Annual1

Business and financial operations occupations (Continued)

Tax preparers....................................................................................................................................... 66,670 $23.82 $49,550 $20.71

458,510 45.27 94,160 39.22

4,552,880 45.08 93,760 42.47

4,358,410 45.01 93,620 42.43

714,640 46.91 97,570 44.40

Computer systems analysts.................................................................................................................. 589,060 46.23 96,160 43.71

Information security analysts................................................................................................................. 125,570 50.10 104,210 47.95

30,780 61.28 127,460 59.06

832,750 28.51 59,290 26.33

Computer network support specialists................................................................................................... 185,430 33.10 68,860 30.51

Computer user support specialists........................................................................................................ 647,330 27.19 56,550 25.13

632,330 46.33 96,380 43.94

Computer network architects................................................................................................................ 152,420 55.34 115,110 54.18

Network and computer systems administrators..................................................................................... 354,450 42.51 88,410 40.15

Database administrators and architects................................................................................................ 125,460 46.21 96,110 45.07

1,754,750 51.44 106,980 49.20

Computer programmers........................................................................................................................ 199,540 44.53 92,610 41.61

Software developers and software quality assurance analysts and testers............................................ 1,406,870 53.66 111,620 51.69

Web developers and digital interface designers.................................................................................... 148,340 39.60 82,370 35.46

393,160 44.43 92,410 42.57

194,460 46.59 96,900 43.47

22,260 58.16 120,970 52.09

2,630 51.57 107,280 50.50

99,680 43.56 90,600 40.78

39,090 46.00 95,680 43.83

30,810 48.35 100,560 45.33

2,592,680 42.69 88,800 39.15

182,650 39.06 81,250 35.83

126,130 41.85 87,060 37.93

Architects, except landscape and naval................................................................................................ 105,850 43.06 89,560 38.82

Landscape architects............................................................................................................................ 20,280 35.56 73,970 33.35

56,520 32.84 68,300 30.71

Cartographers and photogrammetrists.................................................................................................. 11,300 33.55 69,790 31.47

Surveyors............................................................................................................................................. 45,220 32.66 67,920 30.49

1,730,720 48.45 100,770 45.43

63,200 57.32 119,220 56.01

1,550 47.26 98,290 38.81

19,780 46.68 97,090 43.95

30,120 56.29 117,090 52.30

310,850 45.36 94,360 41.86

67,880 59.15 123,030 56.36

314,360 51.08 106,240 48.68

Electrical engineers............................................................................................................................... 185,570 49.75 103,480 47.37

Electronics engineers, except computer................................................................................................ 128,800 52.99 110,210 50.76

53,150 45.30 94,220 42.72

317,560 44.63 92,830 42.42

Health and safety engineers, except mining safety engineers and inspectors....................................... 25,860 45.58 94,810 43.95

Industrial engineers............................................................................................................................... 291,710 44.55 92,660 42.32

11,360 47.47 98,730 44.42

26,820 47.06 97,890 44.88

306,990 44.97 93,540 42.51

6,280 46.63 96,990 43.83

15,850 58.03 120,700 54.55

32,620 75.37 156,780 66.21

152,340 49.26 102,460 47.62

679,310 29.00 60,320 27.73

192,760 28.60 59,480 27.32

Architectural and civil drafters............................................................................................................... 98,800 27.92 58,080 27.09

Electrical and electronics drafters.......................................................................................................... 24,140 31.60 65,720 29.58

Mechanical drafters.............................................................................................................................. 55,210 29.09 60,500 27.43

Drafters, all other.................................................................................................................................. 14,600 26.37 54,840 25.40

433,520 29.87 62,130 28.66

Aerospace engineering and operations technologists and technicians.................................................. 11,540 32.86 68,340 31.74

Civil engineering technologists and technicians.................................................................................... 68,870 26.67 55,480 25.68

Electrical and electronic engineering technologists and technicians...................................................... 122,550 31.84 66,240 31.38

Electro-mechanical and mechatronics technologists and technicians.................................................... 14,290 29.53 61,420 28.05

Environmental engineering technologists and technicians..................................................................... 18,010 26.32 54,740 24.34

Industrial engineering technologists and technicians............................................................................. 67,110 28.56 59,400 27.19

Mechanical engineering technologists and technicians......................................................................... 42,820 28.44 59,160 27.40

Calibration technologists and technicians and engineering technologists and technicians, except

 drafters, all other............................................................................................................................ 88,330 31.70 65,940 30.28

53,030 23.32 48,500 21.64

Life, physical, and social science occupations 1,288,920 37.28 77,540 32.77

311,910 42.68 88,770 37.54

30,300 34.88 72,550 31.33

Animal scientists................................................................................................................................... 2,690 32.96 68,570 28.99

See footnotes at end of table.

Architecture and engineering occupations

Architects, surveyors, and cartographers........................................................................................................

Architects, except naval.............................................................................................................................

Surveyors, cartographers, and photogrammetrists.....................................................................................

Agricultural and food scientists..................................................................................................................

Life scientists..................................................................................................................................................

Environmental engineers...........................................................................................................................

Industrial engineers, including health and safety........................................................................................

Marine engineers and naval architects.......................................................................................................

Materials engineers...................................................................................................................................

Mechanical engineers................................................................................................................................

Surveying and mapping technicians............................................................................................................

Engineering technologists and technicians, except drafters.......................................................................

Drafters.....................................................................................................................................................

Drafters, engineering technicians, and mapping technicians...........................................................................

Nuclear engineers......................................................................................................................................

Petroleum engineers..................................................................................................................................

Engineers, all other....................................................................................................................................

Engineers.......................................................................................................................................................

Aerospace engineers.................................................................................................................................

Agricultural engineers................................................................................................................................

Bioengineers and biomedical engineers.....................................................................................................

Chemical engineers...................................................................................................................................

Civil engineers...........................................................................................................................................

Computer hardware engineers...................................................................................................................

Electrical and electronics engineers...........................................................................................................

Mining and geological engineers, including mining safety engineers..........................................................

Mathematicians.........................................................................................................................................

Operations research analysts....................................................................................................................

Statisticians...............................................................................................................................................

Data scientists and mathematical science occupations, all other................................................................

Financial and investment analysts, financial risk specialists, and financial specialists, all other..................

Computer and mathematical occupations

Computer occupations....................................................................................................................................

Computer and information analysts............................................................................................................

Computer support specialists.....................................................................................................................

Computer and information research scientists...........................................................................................

Database and network administrators and architects.................................................................................

Software and web developers, programmers, and testers..........................................................................

Computer occupations, all other.................................................................................................................

Mathematical science occupations..................................................................................................................

Actuaries...................................................................................................................................................

Occupation

Median 

hourly 

wages

Table 1. National employment and wage data from the Occupational Employment Statistics survey by occupation, May 2019- Continued

Mean wages

Employment
Hourly Annual1

Life, physical, and social science occupations (Continued)

Food scientists and technologists......................................................................................................... 13,460 $36.63 $76,190 $33.16

Soil and plant scientists........................................................................................................................ 14,150 33.58 69,860 30.39

108,980 42.84 89,100 38.26

Biochemists and biophysicists.............................................................................................................. 31,360 52.01 108,180 45.43

Microbiologists...................................................................................................................................... 18,270 39.79 82,760 36.37

Zoologists and wildlife biologists........................................................................................................... 19,250 32.31 67,200 30.42

Biological scientists, all other................................................................................................................ 40,100 42.11 87,590 39.53

31,580 31.68 65,900 30.01

Conservation scientists......................................................................................................................... 22,070 32.23 67,040 30.12

Foresters.............................................................................................................................................. 9,510 30.42 63,270 29.71

134,600 46.95 97,650 41.97

Epidemiologists..................................................................................................................................... 7,410 37.64 78,290 34.13

Medical scientists, except epidemiologists............................................................................................ 127,180 47.49 98,770 42.69

6,450 41.29 85,890 36.49

255,790 43.80 91,110 39.07

18,800 62.56 130,110 58.76

Astronomers......................................................................................................................................... 2,070 58.79 122,270 55.09

Physicists............................................................................................................................................. 16,730 63.02 131,080 59.06

9,290 46.71 97,160 45.86

90,240 41.04 85,360 37.88

Chemists.............................................................................................................................................. 83,530 40.46 84,150 37.32

Materials scientists............................................................................................................................... 6,710 48.28 100,430 46.54

119,920 41.25 85,790 36.46

Environmental scientists and specialists, including health..................................................................... 84,290 37.47 77,940 34.31

Geoscientists, except hydrologists and geographers............................................................................. 29,200 52.09 108,350 44.25

Hydrologists.......................................................................................................................................... 6,440 41.50 86,330 39.07

17,550 53.88 112,070 52.84

249,120 42.32 88,030 38.57

19,000 56.07 116,630 50.49

9,930 31.61 65,760 28.45

128,130 42.68 88,770 38.64

Clinical, counseling, and school psychologists....................................................................................... 113,270 42.04 87,450 37.59

Industrial-organizational psychologists.................................................................................................. 630 53.44 111,150 44.66

Psychologists, all other......................................................................................................................... 14,220 47.23 98,230 48.94

2,630 43.55 90,590 40.10

38,560 37.38 77,750 35.75

50,870 42.06 87,480 39.37

Anthropologists and archeologists......................................................................................................... 6,720 32.12 66,810 30.61

Geographers......................................................................................................................................... 1,400 39.41 81,970 39.20

Historians............................................................................................................................................. 3,040 33.02 68,690 30.62

Political scientists.................................................................................................................................. 6,010 57.82 120,260 58.76

Social scientists and related workers, all other...................................................................................... 33,690 42.16 87,690 40.06

358,740 25.17 52,340 23.19

21,870 21.37 44,440 19.82

79,530 23.61 49,110 22.05

65,760 25.44 52,910 23.68

49,730 26.07 54,220 22.96

Environmental science and protection technicians, including health...................................................... 32,620 24.41 50,760 22.38

Geological and hydrologic technicians.................................................................................................. 17,110 29.23 60,800 24.58

6,420 39.77 82,710 39.46

35,580 24.68 51,340 22.84

19,060 22.05 45,860 21.87

80,780 26.74 55,610 25.04

Forensic science technicians................................................................................................................ 16,520 30.37 63,170 28.44

Life, physical, and social science technicians, all other......................................................................... 64,260 25.80 53,670 24.30

113,360 34.95 72,690 33.88

113,360 34.95 72,690 33.88

Occupational health and safety specialists............................................................................................ 92,780 36.68 76,290 35.63

Occupational health and safety technicians........................................................................................... 20,580 27.15 56,470 24.79

2,244,310 24.27 50,480 22.16

2,159,870 24.23 50,410 22.15

773,500 25.54 53,120 23.45

Educational, guidance, and career counselors and advisors................................................................. 296,460 29.33 61,000 27.42

Marriage and family therapists.............................................................................................................. 59,050 26.25 54,590 23.85

Rehabilitation counselors...................................................................................................................... 109,040 19.31 40,160 17.28

Substance abuse, behavioral disorder, and mental health counselors................................................... 283,540 24.01 49,950 22.23

Counselors, all other............................................................................................................................. 25,420 23.46 48,800 20.64

678,780 26.05 54,190 24.26

Child, family, and school social workers................................................................................................ 327,710 24.53 51,030 22.78

Healthcare social workers..................................................................................................................... 174,890 28.51 59,300 27.29

Mental health and substance abuse social workers............................................................................... 117,770 24.84 51,670 22.43

Social workers, all other........................................................................................................................ 58,410 29.69 61,750 29.44

707,590 21.06 43,810 18.80

Health education specialists.................................................................................................................. 58,590 29.09 60,500 26.55

Probation officers and correctional treatment specialists....................................................................... 88,120 28.80 59,910 26.10

Social and human service assistants.................................................................................................... 404,450 17.81 37,050 16.85

Community health workers.................................................................................................................... 58,950 21.34 44,390 19.41

Community and social service specialists, all other............................................................................... 97,480 22.55 46,900 21.05

See footnotes at end of table.

Community and social service occupations

Miscellaneous community and social service specialists............................................................................

Social workers...........................................................................................................................................

Counselors................................................................................................................................................

Counselors, social workers, and other community and social service specialists.............................................

Biological technicians.................................................................................................................................

Chemical technicians.................................................................................................................................

Environmental science and geoscience technicians...................................................................................

Social science research assistants............................................................................................................

Forest and conservation technicians..........................................................................................................

Miscellaneous life, physical, and social science technicians.......................................................................

Occupational health and safety specialists and technicians........................................................................

Occupational health and safety specialists and technicians............................................................................

Miscellaneous social scientists and related workers...................................................................................

Life, physical, and social science technicians..................................................................................................

Agricultural and food science technicians...................................................................................................

Physical scientists, all other.......................................................................................................................

Social scientists and related workers..............................................................................................................

Economists................................................................................................................................................

Survey researchers....................................................................................................................................

Psychologists.............................................................................................................................................

Nuclear technicians...................................................................................................................................

Chemists and materials scientists..............................................................................................................

Environmental scientists and geoscientists................................................................................................

Biological scientists....................................................................................................................................

Conservation scientists and foresters........................................................................................................

Medical scientists......................................................................................................................................

Life scientists, all other..............................................................................................................................

Sociologists...............................................................................................................................................

Urban and regional planners......................................................................................................................

Physical scientists...........................................................................................................................................

Astronomers and physicists.......................................................................................................................

Atmospheric and space scientists..............................................................................................................

Table 1. National employment and wage data from the Occupational Employment Statistics survey by occupation, May 2019- Continued

Median 

hourly 

wages

Occupation

Mean wages

Employment
Hourly Annual1

84,440 $25.12 $52,260 $22.54

53,180 26.53 55,190 24.23

21,820 24.28 50,490 21.09

9,450 19.15 39,830 15.21

1,150,780 52.71 109,630 39.34

722,940 67.87 141,180 57.68

673,800 68.84 143,200 58.02

Lawyers................................................................................................................................................ 657,170 69.86 145,300 59.11

Judicial law clerks................................................................................................................................. 16,630 28.79 59,890 25.97

49,140 54.55 113,470 53.40

Administrative law judges, adjudicators, and hearing officers................................................................ 14,380 48.19 100,230 47.05

Arbitrators, mediators, and conciliators................................................................................................. 6,090 35.44 73,720 30.74

Judges, magistrate judges, and magistrates......................................................................................... 28,670 61.80 128,550 65.82

427,840 27.08 56,320 24.96

329,870 26.45 55,020 24.87

97,970 29.18 60,690 25.21

Title examiners, abstractors, and searchers.......................................................................................... 52,890 25.02 52,050 23.17

Legal support workers, all other............................................................................................................ 45,080 34.06 70,840 28.08

Educational instruction and library occupations 8,886,600 27.75 57,710 24.42

1,407,110 (2) 90,830 (2)

83,920 (2) 105,440 (2)

82,940 (2) 90,970 (2)

Computer science teachers, postsecondary.......................................................................................... 31,800 (2) 98,430 (2)

Mathematical science teachers, postsecondary.................................................................................... 51,150 (2) 86,330 (2)

42,860 (2) 110,040 (2)

Architecture teachers, postsecondary................................................................................................... 6,780 (2) 98,980 (2)

Engineering teachers, postsecondary................................................................................................... 36,080 (2) 112,110 (2)

64,330 (2) 97,110 (2)

Agricultural sciences teachers, postsecondary...................................................................................... 9,470 (2) 89,320 (2)

Biological science teachers, postsecondary.......................................................................................... 53,090 (2) 98,700 (2)

Forestry and conservation science teachers, postsecondary................................................................ 1,770 (2) 90,940 (2)

52,240 (2) 97,090 (2)

Atmospheric, earth, marine, and space sciences teachers, postsecondary........................................... 11,020 (2) 102,690 (2)

Chemistry teachers, postsecondary...................................................................................................... 21,380 (2) 92,650 (2)

Environmental science teachers, postsecondary................................................................................... 6,060 (2) 93,450 (2)

Physics teachers, postsecondary.......................................................................................................... 13,780 (2) 101,110 (2)

117,590 (2) 92,920 (2)

Anthropology and archeology teachers, postsecondary......................................................................... 5,850 (2) 95,140 (2)

Area, ethnic, and cultural studies teachers, postsecondary................................................................... 10,600 (2) 88,410 (2)

Economics teachers, postsecondary..................................................................................................... 13,270 (2) 119,160 (2)

Geography teachers, postsecondary..................................................................................................... 3,970 (2) 86,540 (2)

Political science teachers, postsecondary............................................................................................. 15,750 (2) 102,290 (2)

Psychology teachers, postsecondary.................................................................................................... 37,480 (2) 87,530 (2)

Sociology teachers, postsecondary....................................................................................................... 13,850 (2) 85,240 (2)

Social sciences teachers, postsecondary, all other................................................................................ 16,830 (2) 85,390 (2)

261,590 (2) 112,850 (2)

Health specialties teachers, postsecondary........................................................................................... 201,920 (2) 121,620 (2)

Nursing instructors and teachers, postsecondary.................................................................................. 59,680 (2) 83,160 (2)

65,690 (2) 74,740 (2)

Education teachers, postsecondary...................................................................................................... 61,300 (2) 74,560 (2)

Library science teachers, postsecondary.............................................................................................. 4,390 (2) 77,170 (2)

43,890 (2) 95,510 (2)

Criminal justice and law enforcement teachers, postsecondary............................................................. 14,070 (2) 72,980 (2)

Law teachers, postsecondary................................................................................................................ 16,180 (2) 129,950 (2)

Social work teachers, postsecondary.................................................................................................... 13,640 (2) 77,910 (2)

260,500 (2) 82,360 (2)

Art, drama, and music teachers, postsecondary................................................................................... 94,060 (2) 83,220 (2)

Communications teachers, postsecondary............................................................................................ 29,120 (2) 79,830 (2)

English language and literature teachers, postsecondary...................................................................... 67,930 (2) 80,180 (2)

Foreign language and literature teachers, postsecondary..................................................................... 24,860 (2) 80,170 (2)

History teachers, postsecondary........................................................................................................... 21,030 (2) 84,210 (2)

Philosophy and religion teachers, postsecondary.................................................................................. 23,490 (2) 88,970 (2)

331,560 (2) 73,540 (2)

Family and consumer sciences teachers, postsecondary...................................................................... 2,150 (2) 85,270 (2)

Recreation and fitness studies teachers, postsecondary....................................................................... 15,880 (2) 73,720 (2)

Career/technical education teachers, postsecondary............................................................................ 112,210 29.05 60,420 26.26

Postsecondary teachers, all other......................................................................................................... 201,320 (2) 80,720 (2)

4,211,470 (2) 61,420 (2)

555,650 19.41 40,370 16.65

Preschool teachers, except special education....................................................................................... 431,350 16.66 34,650 14.67

Kindergarten teachers, except special education.................................................................................. 124,290 (2) 60,210 (2)

2,064,680 (2) 63,820 (2)

Elementary school teachers, except special education.......................................................................... 1,430,480 (2) 63,930 (2)

Middle school teachers, except special and career/technical education................................................. 622,330 (2) 63,550 (2)

Career/technical education teachers, middle school.............................................................................. 11,860 (2) 64,900 (2)

1,110,370 (2) 65,850 (2)

Secondary school teachers, except special and career/technical education.......................................... 1,035,850 (2) 65,930 (2)

Career/technical education teachers, secondary school........................................................................ 74,520 (2) 64,800 (2)

See footnotes at end of table.

Judges, magistrates, and other judicial workers.........................................................................................

Legal support workers.....................................................................................................................................

Paralegals and legal assistants..................................................................................................................

Miscellaneous legal support workers..........................................................................................................

Lawyers, judges, and related workers.............................................................................................................

Lawyers and judicial law clerks..................................................................................................................

Legal occupations

Directors, religious activities and education...............................................................................................

Religious workers, all other........................................................................................................................

Religious workers...........................................................................................................................................

Clergy........................................................................................................................................................

Miscellaneous postsecondary teachers......................................................................................................

Arts, communications, history, and humanities teachers, postsecondary...................................................

Law, criminal justice, and social work teachers, postsecondary.................................................................

Elementary and middle school teachers.....................................................................................................

Secondary school teachers........................................................................................................................

Mean wages

Occupation

Median 

hourly 

wages

Table 1. National employment and wage data from the Occupational Employment Statistics survey by occupation, May 2019- Continued

Employment

Postsecondary teachers.................................................................................................................................

Business teachers, postsecondary.............................................................................................................

Health teachers, postsecondary.................................................................................................................

Social sciences teachers, postsecondary...................................................................................................

Physical sciences teachers, postsecondary...............................................................................................

Life sciences teachers, postsecondary.......................................................................................................

Engineering and architecture teachers, postsecondary..............................................................................

Math and computer science teachers, postsecondary................................................................................

Education and library science teachers, postsecondary.............................................................................

Preschool, elementary, middle, secondary, and special education teachers....................................................

Preschool and kindergarten teachers.........................................................................................................

Community and social service occupations (Continued)
Hourly Annual1

Educational instruction and library occupations (Continued)

480,780 (2) $65,230 (2)

Special education teachers, preschool.................................................................................................. 22,340 (2) 67,060 (2)

Special education teachers, kindergarten and elementary school.......................................................... 193,830 (2) 64,420 (2)

Special education teachers, middle school............................................................................................ 85,840 (2) 65,740 (2)

Special education teachers, secondary school...................................................................................... 143,170 (2) 65,710 (2)

Special education teachers, all other..................................................................................................... 35,600 (2) 65,350 (2)

1,212,090 19.58 40,730 15.93

51,950 28.36 58,980 26.13

252,780 22.17 46,120 18.84

587,120 15.61 32,460 13.84

320,250 (2) 48,700 (2)

257,060 25.16 52,330 23.57

32,640 26.11 54,320 23.97

Archivists.............................................................................................................................................. 6,560 27.65 57,500 25.94

Curators................................................................................................................................................ 12,890 28.43 59,130 26.24

Museum technicians and conservators................................................................................................. 13,190 23.09 48,030 21.36

135,690 29.77 61,920 28.61

88,720 17.76 36,950 16.78

1,798,860 (2) 35,330 (2)

8,720 25.34 52,720 23.90

176,690 33.26 69,180 31.87

1,484,410 (2) 30,280 (2)

Teaching assistants, postsecondary..................................................................................................... 137,500 (2) 36,460 (2)

Teaching assistants, except postsecondary.......................................................................................... 1,346,910 (2) 29,640 (2)

129,040 22.10 45,970 19.38

2,017,810 29.79 61,960 24.59

633,420 27.54 57,290 23.14

96,760 43.01 89,470 37.14

Art directors.......................................................................................................................................... 42,890 52.69 109,600 45.30

Craft artists........................................................................................................................................... 4,640 18.63 38,740 16.69

Fine artists, including painters, sculptors, and illustrators...................................................................... 12,350 30.30 63,030 24.30

Special effects artists and animators..................................................................................................... 29,340 40.76 84,780 36.19

Artists and related workers, all other..................................................................................................... 7,550 32.57 67,750 31.01

536,660 24.75 51,490 21.35

Commercial and industrial designers.................................................................................................... 32,770 35.49 73,820 33.12

Fashion designers................................................................................................................................ 22,030 41.40 86,110 35.48

Floral designers.................................................................................................................................... 41,770 14.31 29,760 13.48

Graphic designers................................................................................................................................. 215,930 27.17 56,510 25.05

Interior designers.................................................................................................................................. 60,650 29.32 60,990 26.94

Merchandise displayers and window trimmers...................................................................................... 140,850 15.84 32,940 14.16

Set and exhibit designers...................................................................................................................... 12,040 30.04 62,480 26.25

Designers, all other............................................................................................................................... 10,610 35.34 73,510 31.07

536,540 30.10 62,600 21.76

181,830 40.52 84,290 30.34

Actors................................................................................................................................................... 52,620 29.14 (2) 20.43

Producers and directors........................................................................................................................ 129,210 45.16 93,940 35.78

272,840 (2) 46,460 (2)

Athletes and sports competitors............................................................................................................ 11,330 (2) 93,140 (2)

Coaches and scouts............................................................................................................................. 241,390 (2) 44,910 (2)

Umpires, referees, and other sports officials......................................................................................... 20,120 (2) 38,810 (2)

14,320 23.83 49,570 18.68

Dancers................................................................................................................................................ 9,690 22.91 (2) 17.49

Choreographers.................................................................................................................................... 4,630 25.77 53,590 22.27

51,710 38.15 (2) 28.88

Music directors and composers............................................................................................................ 10,580 31.09 64,670 24.84

Musicians and singers.......................................................................................................................... 41,130 39.96 (2) 30.39

15,840 23.40 (2) 15.86

609,210 32.61 67,830 28.48

29,230 25.76 53,580 16.65

44,100 30.00 62,400 22.25

244,730 33.75 70,190 29.40

192,580 35.42 73,680 31.31

Editors.................................................................................................................................................. 95,970 34.57 71,910 29.50

Technical writers................................................................................................................................... 50,760 36.95 76,860 35.03

Writers and authors.............................................................................................................................. 45,860 35.51 73,860 30.39

98,560 27.49 57,170 25.15

Interpreters and translators................................................................................................................... 58,870 27.40 57,000 24.92

Court reporters and simultaneous captioners........................................................................................ 14,530 31.25 64,990 28.91

Media and communication workers, all other......................................................................................... 25,160 25.51 53,060 22.88

238,630 27.86 57,950 23.21

73,960 24.65 51,260 22.07

28,650 22.50 46,800 19.51

12,890 32.25 67,090 26.32

50,620 21.85 45,440 17.44

49,070 37.27 77,510 28.76

Camera operators, television, video, and film....................................................................................... 21,500 31.23 64,960 26.52

Film and video editors........................................................................................................................... 27,570 41.97 87,300 30.66

23,440 35.43 73,700 35.32

See footnotes at end of table.

Special education teachers........................................................................................................................

Other teachers and instructors........................................................................................................................

Adult basic education, adult secondary education, and English as a second language instructors.............

Audio and video technicians......................................................................................................................

Media and communication equipment workers...............................................................................................

Miscellaneous media and communication workers.....................................................................................

Public relations specialists.........................................................................................................................

Writers and editors....................................................................................................................................

News analysts, reporters, and journalists...................................................................................................

Broadcast announcers and radio disc jockeys...........................................................................................

Media and communication workers.................................................................................................................

Self-enrichment teachers...........................................................................................................................

Tutors and teachers and instructors, all other............................................................................................

Photographers...........................................................................................................................................

Television, video, and film camera operators and editors...........................................................................

Median 

hourly 

wages

Table 1. National employment and wage data from the Occupational Employment Statistics survey by occupation, May 2019- Continued

Mean wages

Occupation Employment

Farm and home management educators...................................................................................................

Teaching assistants...................................................................................................................................

Arts, design, entertainment, sports, and media occupations

Instructional coordinators...........................................................................................................................

Educational instruction and library workers, all other..................................................................................

Miscellaneous entertainers and performers, sports and related workers....................................................

Musicians, singers, and related workers....................................................................................................

Dancers and choreographers.....................................................................................................................

Athletes, coaches, umpires, and related workers.......................................................................................

Actors, producers, and directors................................................................................................................

Entertainers and performers, sports and related workers................................................................................

Designers..................................................................................................................................................

Artists and related workers.........................................................................................................................

Art and design workers...................................................................................................................................

Substitute teachers, short-term..................................................................................................................

Librarians, curators, and archivists.................................................................................................................

Archivists, curators, and museum technicians...........................................................................................

Librarians and media collections specialists...............................................................................................

Library technicians.....................................................................................................................................

Other educational instruction and library occupations.....................................................................................

Broadcast technicians................................................................................................................................

Sound engineering technicians..................................................................................................................

Lighting technicians and media and communication equipment workers, all other.....................................
Hourly Annual1

8,673,140 $40.21 $83,640 $32.78

5,685,500 49.26 102,470 39.61

35,010 40.87 85,010 33.82

127,200 88.01 183,060 76.54

Dentists, general................................................................................................................................... 110,730 85.70 178,260 74.81

Oral and maxillofacial surgeons............................................................................................................ 4,650 114.21 237,570 (3)

Orthodontists........................................................................................................................................ 5,990 110.98 230,830 (3)

Prosthodontists..................................................................................................................................... 490 106.17 220,840 (3)

Dentists, all other specialists................................................................................................................. 5,330 85.59 178,040 70.78

67,670 29.97 62,330 29.46

39,420 59.12 122,980 55.41

311,200 60.34 125,510 61.58

120,090 54.04 112,410 53.97

9,770 68.60 142,680 60.69

709,730 38.87 80,850 37.88

Occupational therapists........................................................................................................................ 133,570 41.45 86,210 40.84

Physical therapists................................................................................................................................ 233,350 43.35 90,170 43.00

Radiation therapists.............................................................................................................................. 17,860 44.05 91,620 41.14

Recreational therapists......................................................................................................................... 19,070 24.58 51,130 23.18

Respiratory therapists........................................................................................................................... 132,090 30.75 63,950 29.48

Speech-language pathologists.............................................................................................................. 154,360 39.43 82,000 38.04

Exercise physiologists........................................................................................................................... 7,280 26.32 54,750 23.64

Therapists, all other.............................................................................................................................. 12,170 28.17 58,600 25.31

74,540 50.39 104,820 45.90

2,982,280 37.24 77,460 35.24

43,570 87.04 181,040 84.03

6,930 52.31 108,810 50.50

200,600 53.77 111,840 52.80

13,590 40.34 83,900 37.31

31,010 125.83 261,730 (3)

109,370 102.53 213,270 98.84

44,610 96.85 201,440 96.92

18,620 112.31 233,610 (3)

29,740 88.66 184,410 84.28

25,530 105.98 220,430 (3)

390,680 97.81 203,450 99.28

36,270 121.17 252,040 (3)

258,060 37.93 78,900 36.63

Dental hygienists.................................................................................................................................. 221,560 37.13 77,230 36.65

Acupuncturists and healthcare diagnosing or treating practitioners, all other......................................... 36,500 42.82 89,060 36.37

2,902,300 22.86 47,540 21.34

326,020 26.34 54,780 25.54

56,110 28.66 59,600 27.75

72,790 36.44 75,780 35.73

18,110 38.58 80,240 37.48

207,360 30.34 63,120 29.09

37,900 35.70 74,270 35.30

260,600 18.67 38,830 17.02

803,740 18.17 37,800 17.12

Dietetic technicians............................................................................................................................... 29,230 14.99 31,180 13.66

Pharmacy technicians........................................................................................................................... 417,780 16.95 35,250 16.32

Psychiatric technicians.......................................................................................................................... 78,470 18.05 37,550 16.24

Surgical technologists........................................................................................................................... 109,000 24.09 50,110 23.22

Veterinary technologists and technicians.............................................................................................. 110,650 17.63 36,670 16.98

Ophthalmic medical technicians............................................................................................................ 58,600 18.64 38,760 17.76

697,510 23.32 48,500 22.83

72,330 19.58 40,730 18.19

9,830 35.01 72,810 32.89

8,210 26.62 55,360 25.68

331,790 22.40 46,590 20.50

85,340 27.22 56,620 23.93

28,600 (2) 50,540 (2)

2,390 40.54 84,310 39.36

54,350 28.17 58,600 23.97

6,521,790 14.91 31,010 13.69

4,683,430 13.39 27,860 12.68

3,161,500 12.71 26,440 12.15

1,521,930 14.80 30,790 14.27

Nursing assistants................................................................................................................................ 1,419,920 14.77 30,720 14.26

Orderlies............................................................................................................................................... 46,990 14.76 30,710 13.93

Psychiatric aides................................................................................................................................... 55,020 15.67 32,590 14.96

198,660 24.56 51,080 25.44

52,550 27.84 57,910 28.46

Occupational therapy assistants........................................................................................................... 44,990 29.75 61,880 29.57

Occupational therapy aides................................................................................................................... 7,560 16.50 34,310 14.05

146,110 23.38 48,630 23.55

Physical therapist assistants................................................................................................................. 96,840 28.14 58,520 28.26

Physical therapist aides........................................................................................................................ 49,270 14.03 29,180 12.98

1,639,700 18.07 37,580 17.24

107,240 22.68 47,180 20.59

See footnotes at end of table.

Massage therapists....................................................................................................................................

Occupation

Median 

hourly 

wages

Employment

Mean wages

Optometrists..............................................................................................................................................

Pharmacists...............................................................................................................................................

Table 1. National employment and wage data from the Occupational Employment Statistics survey by occupation, May 2019- Continued

Physician assistants..................................................................................................................................

Podiatrists..................................................................................................................................................

Therapists..................................................................................................................................................

Physicians, all other; and ophthalmologists, except pediatric.....................................................................

Surgeons, except ophthalmologists............................................................................................................

Miscellaneous healthcare diagnosing or treating practitioners....................................................................

Health technologists and technicians..............................................................................................................

Veterinarians.............................................................................................................................................

Registered nurses......................................................................................................................................

Nurse anesthetists.....................................................................................................................................

Nurse midwives.........................................................................................................................................

Nurse practitioners....................................................................................................................................

Audiologists...............................................................................................................................................

Obstetricians and gynecologists.................................................................................................................

Pediatricians, general................................................................................................................................

Psychiatrists..............................................................................................................................................

Diagnostic medical sonographers..............................................................................................................

Nuclear medicine technologists..................................................................................................................

Nursing assistants, orderlies, and psychiatric aides...................................................................................

Radiologic technologists and technicians...................................................................................................

Magnetic resonance imaging technologists................................................................................................

Health practitioner support technologists and technicians..........................................................................

Licensed practical and licensed vocational nurses.....................................................................................

Emergency medical technicians and paramedics.......................................................................................

Opticians, dispensing.................................................................................................................................

Occupational therapy and physical therapist assistants and aides..................................................................

Occupational therapy assistants and aides................................................................................................

Physical therapist assistants and aides......................................................................................................

Other healthcare support occupations............................................................................................................

 and technical workers, all other...........................................................................................................

Other healthcare practitioners and technical occupations...............................................................................

Athletic trainers..........................................................................................................................................

Anesthesiologists.......................................................................................................................................

Family medicine physicians.......................................................................................................................

General internal medicine physicians.........................................................................................................

Clinical laboratory technologists and technicians........................................................................................

Healthcare practitioners and technical occupations

Healthcare diagnosing or treating practitioners...............................................................................................

Chiropractors.............................................................................................................................................

Dentists.....................................................................................................................................................

Dietitians and nutritionists..........................................................................................................................

Home health and personal care aides........................................................................................................

Healthcare support occupations

Home health and personal care aides; and nursing assistants, orderlies, and psychiatric aides......................

Orthotists and prosthetists.........................................................................................................................

Hearing aid specialists...............................................................................................................................

Medical dosimetrists, medical records specialists, and health technologists and technicians, all other.......

Genetic counselors....................................................................................................................................

Health information technologists, medical registrars, surgical assistants, and healthcare practitioners

Cardiovascular technologists and technicians............................................................................................
Hourly Annual1

1,532,460 $17.74 $36,910 $17.13

Dental assistants.................................................................................................................................. 351,470 19.79 41,170 19.27

Medical assistants................................................................................................................................ 712,430 17.17 35,720 16.73

Medical equipment preparers................................................................................................................ 56,900 19.01 39,530 18.00

Medical transcriptionists........................................................................................................................ 55,780 16.93 35,210 16.05

Pharmacy aides.................................................................................................................................... 37,280 14.66 30,490 13.39

Veterinary assistants and laboratory animal caretakers......................................................................... 97,030 14.28 29,690 13.75

Phlebotomists....................................................................................................................................... 128,290 17.54 36,480 17.07

Healthcare support workers, all other.................................................................................................... 93,270 19.24 40,010 18.49

3,498,800 23.98 49,880 19.99

319,960 37.31 77,600 34.35

167,780 42.20 87,770 39.90

First-line supervisors of correctional officers......................................................................................... 46,430 33.18 69,000 30.64

First-line supervisors of police and detectives....................................................................................... 121,340 45.65 94,950 43.79

69,590 39.43 82,010 37.40

82,590 25.58 53,210 24.27

340,490 26.46 55,040 24.68

324,620 26.27 54,650 24.45

15,870 30.38 63,180 28.96

Fire inspectors and investigators.......................................................................................................... 13,710 31.12 64,730 29.65

Forest fire inspectors and prevention specialists................................................................................... 2,160 25.65 53,350 21.77

1,232,740 30.17 62,740 27.42

442,700 24.14 50,210 21.78

Bailiffs................................................................................................................................................... 19,650 24.92 51,840 22.99

Correctional officers and jailers............................................................................................................. 423,050 24.10 50,130 21.72

105,620 41.36 86,030 39.99

6,800 27.73 57,690 27.64

7,650 20.88 43,420 19.67

669,970 32.51 67,620 30.41

Police and sheriff's patrol officers.......................................................................................................... 665,280 32.50 67,600 30.36

Transit and railroad police..................................................................................................................... 4,690 34.19 71,120 34.53

1,605,610 16.05 33,380 14.31

11,980 19.09 39,710 18.07

35,000 27.40 57,000 24.28

1,136,650 15.90 33,080 14.29

Gambling surveillance officers and gambling investigators.................................................................... 10,280 18.28 38,030 16.44

Security guards..................................................................................................................................... 1,126,370 15.88 33,030 14.27

421,980 15.42 32,070 13.78

Crossing guards and flaggers............................................................................................................... 84,920 15.83 32,920 14.31

Lifeguards, ski patrol, and other recreational protective service workers............................................... 143,940 12.20 25,380 11.26

Transportation security screeners......................................................................................................... 46,730 20.34 42,310 20.08

School bus monitors and protective service workers, all other............................................................... 146,390 16.77 34,880 14.90

13,494,590 12.82 26,670 11.65

1,139,290 18.82 39,140 16.74

1,139,290 18.82 39,140 16.74

Chefs and head cooks.......................................................................................................................... 128,190 27.07 56,310 24.78

First-line supervisors of food preparation and serving workers.............................................................. 1,011,100 17.77 36,960 16.06

3,367,740 13.03 27,100 12.45

2,504,000 13.24 27,550 12.67

Cooks, fast food.................................................................................................................................... 527,220 11.31 23,530 11.30

Cooks, institution and cafeteria............................................................................................................. 402,480 13.96 29,030 13.34

Cooks, private household...................................................................................................................... 390 21.92 45,600 18.21

Cooks, restaurant................................................................................................................................. 1,401,890 13.80 28,700 13.36

Cooks, short order................................................................................................................................ 152,670 12.62 26,240 12.09

Cooks, all other..................................................................................................................................... 19,340 15.50 32,240 14.79

863,740 12.41 25,820 11.92

7,500,280 12.01 24,990 11.02

646,850 13.46 28,000 11.39

3,996,820 11.18 23,250 10.93

2,579,020 12.88 26,800 11.00

277,580 12.54 26,080 11.74

1,487,290 11.82 24,590 11.37

477,270 12.03 25,020 11.28

514,330 11.74 24,410 11.53

423,380 11.54 24,010 11.10

72,300 12.74 26,510 12.01

4,429,100 15.03 31,250 13.62

259,140 22.80 47,430 21.39

259,140 22.80 47,430 21.39

First-line supervisors of housekeeping and janitorial workers................................................................ 155,550 21.23 44,160 19.61

First-line supervisors of landscaping, lawn service, and groundskeeping workers................................. 103,580 25.16 52,340 23.73

3,170,010 14.11 29,350 12.78

3,090,570 13.98 29,080 12.68

Janitors and cleaners, except maids and housekeeping cleaners......................................................... 2,145,450 14.43 30,010 13.19

Maids and housekeeping cleaners........................................................................................................ 926,960 12.89 26,810 11.95

Building cleaning workers, all other....................................................................................................... 18,150 16.96 35,270 15.01

79,450 19.19 39,910 17.95

See footnotes at end of table.

First-line supervisors of building and grounds cleaning and maintenance workers.....................................

Building cleaning and pest control workers......................................................................................................

Building cleaning workers..........................................................................................................................

Pest control workers..................................................................................................................................

Fire inspectors...........................................................................................................................................

Miscellaneous healthcare support occupations..........................................................................................

Firefighters................................................................................................................................................

Table 1. National employment and wage data from the Occupational Employment Statistics survey by occupation, May 2019- Continued

Median 

hourly 

wages

Employment

Mean wages

Protective service occupations

Supervisors of protective service workers.......................................................................................................

First-line supervisors of firefighting and prevention workers.......................................................................

Occupation

Food preparation workers..........................................................................................................................

Food and beverage serving workers...............................................................................................................

Bartenders.................................................................................................................................................

Fast food and counter workers...................................................................................................................

Waiters and waitresses..............................................................................................................................

Food servers, nonrestaurant......................................................................................................................

Other food preparation and serving related workers........................................................................................

Supervisors of food preparation and serving workers.................................................................................

Law enforcement workers...............................................................................................................................

Bailiffs, correctional officers, and jailers.....................................................................................................

Detectives and criminal investigators.........................................................................................................

Fish and game wardens.............................................................................................................................

Parking enforcement workers....................................................................................................................

Healthcare support occupations (Continued)

Miscellaneous first-line supervisors, protective service workers.................................................................

First-line supervisors of law enforcement workers......................................................................................

Dining room and cafeteria attendants and bartender helpers.....................................................................

Dishwashers..............................................................................................................................................

Hosts and hostesses, restaurant, lounge, and coffee shop........................................................................

Building and grounds cleaning and maintenance occupations

Supervisors of building and grounds cleaning and maintenance workers........................................................

Firefighting and prevention workers................................................................................................................

Police officers............................................................................................................................................

Animal control workers...............................................................................................................................

Security guards and gambling surveillance officers....................................................................................

Other protective service workers....................................................................................................................

Private detectives and investigators..........................................................................................................

Miscellaneous protective service workers..................................................................................................

Cooks and food preparation workers..............................................................................................................

Cooks........................................................................................................................................................

Food preparation and serving related occupations

Supervisors of food preparation and serving workers.....................................................................................

Food preparation and serving related workers, all other.............................................................................
Hourly Annual1

999,960 $15.91 $33,100 $14.85

999,960 15.91 33,100 14.85

Landscaping and groundskeeping workers........................................................................................... 912,660 15.56 32,360 14.63

Pesticide handlers, sprayers, and applicators, vegetation..................................................................... 25,780 18.86 39,230 17.23

Tree trimmers and pruners................................................................................................................... 47,210 20.44 42,510 19.22

Grounds maintenance workers, all other............................................................................................... 14,310 18.21 37,870 15.43

3,303,200 15.03 31,260 12.61

247,100 21.35 44,400 19.68

29,420 24.93 51,850 24.38

217,680 20.86 43,400 19.14

228,980 13.33 27,720 12.02

16,530 17.43 36,240 14.63

212,450 13.01 27,060 11.91

628,090 12.05 25,060 11.18

119,330 12.02 25,010 10.45

Gambling dealers.................................................................................................................................. 98,890 11.53 23,980 10.22

Gambling and sports book writers and runners..................................................................................... 9,970 13.38 27,830 11.90

Gambling service workers, all other...................................................................................................... 10,470 15.38 32,000 13.61

4,540 14.37 29,890 12.09

138,160 11.96 24,870 11.30

366,050 12.06 25,090 11.32

Amusement and recreation attendants.................................................................................................. 338,110 11.70 24,330 11.23

Costume attendants.............................................................................................................................. 7,460 23.55 48,970 19.91

Locker room, coatroom, and dressing room attendants........................................................................ 15,990 13.57 28,230 12.07

Entertainment attendants and related workers, all other........................................................................ 4,500 15.28 31,790 12.72

3,890 24.09 50,100 22.96

34,370 14.34 29,830 13.43

25,440 28.06 58,360 26.04

589,960 15.24 31,700 12.71

405,990 15.25 31,710 12.63

Barbers................................................................................................................................................. 20,030 16.92 35,190 14.50

Hairdressers, hairstylists, and cosmetologists....................................................................................... 385,960 15.16 31,530 12.54

183,970 15.22 31,660 12.83

Makeup artists, theatrical and performance.......................................................................................... 3,400 39.23 81,600 36.41

Manicurists and pedicurists................................................................................................................... 111,780 13.17 27,390 12.39

Shampooers......................................................................................................................................... 12,120 11.02 22,910 10.84

Skincare specialists.............................................................................................................................. 56,660 18.74 38,970 16.39

81,460 15.06 31,330 13.73

81,460 15.06 31,330 13.73

Baggage porters and bellhops............................................................................................................... 39,790 13.57 28,230 12.30

Concierges........................................................................................................................................... 41,670 16.48 34,290 15.09

48,710 14.74 30,670 13.27

48,710 14.74 30,670 13.27

561,520 12.27 25,510 11.65

684,240 17.71 36,830 14.66

325,500 21.69 45,110 19.42

358,750 14.10 29,330 12.67

107,930 15.20 31,610 14.16

61,510 14.03 29,190 13.04

14,371,410 20.70 43,060 14.24

1,420,990 25.43 52,900 21.27

1,420,990 25.43 52,900 21.27

First-line supervisors of retail sales workers.......................................................................................... 1,171,900 22.03 45,830 19.40

First-line supervisors of non-retail sales workers................................................................................... 249,090 41.43 86,180 35.94

8,603,590 13.27 27,600 11.84

3,617,910 11.73 24,400 11.38

Cashiers............................................................................................................................................... 3,596,630 11.72 24,370 11.37

Gambling change persons and booth cashiers...................................................................................... 21,290 13.46 28,010 12.35

667,730 16.16 33,610 14.35

Counter and rental clerks...................................................................................................................... 411,560 15.67 32,600 13.86

Parts salespersons............................................................................................................................... 256,170 16.93 35,220 15.24

4,317,950 14.12 29,360 12.14

2,084,000 34.45 71,660 26.62

129,740 31.09 64,660 25.63

410,050 32.59 67,780 24.49

437,880 44.75 93,090 29.94

66,670 21.49 44,690 19.55

1,039,670 32.10 66,760 26.99

1,651,500 36.14 75,180 30.29

1,651,500 36.14 75,180 30.29

Sales representatives, wholesale and manufacturing, technical and scientific products........................ 306,980 44.70 92,980 38.95

Sales representatives, wholesale and manufacturing, except technical and scientific products............. 1,344,530 34.19 71,110 28.81

611,330 25.72 53,500 17.89

80,080 17.00 35,360 14.85

Demonstrators and product promoters.................................................................................................. 77,760 16.98 35,320 14.87

Models.................................................................................................................................................. 2,320 17.52 36,430 13.63

See footnotes at end of table.

Median 

hourly 

wages

Employment

Mean wages

Grounds maintenance workers..................................................................................................................

Tour and travel guides...............................................................................................................................

Recreation and fitness workers.......................................................................................................................

Sales representatives of services, except advertising, insurance, financial services, and travel.................

Grounds maintenance workers.......................................................................................................................

Occupation

First-line supervisors of personal service and entertainment and recreation workers, except gambling

Animal caretakers......................................................................................................................................

Motion picture projectionists......................................................................................................................

Embalmers.....................................................................................................................................................

Personal appearance workers.........................................................................................................................

Barbers, hairdressers, hairstylists and cosmetologists...............................................................................

Miscellaneous personal appearance workers.............................................................................................

Personal care and service occupations

Supervisors of personal care and service workers..........................................................................................

Crematory operators and personal care and service workers, all other...........................................................

Childcare workers...........................................................................................................................................

Table 1. National employment and wage data from the Occupational Employment Statistics survey by occupation, May 2019- Continued

First-line supervisors of gambling services workers...................................................................................

 services..............................................................................................................................................

Animal care and service workers....................................................................................................................

Animal trainers...........................................................................................................................................

Entertainment attendants and related workers................................................................................................

Gambling services workers........................................................................................................................

Residential advisors........................................................................................................................................

Morticians, undertakers, and funeral arrangers...............................................................................................

Baggage porters, bellhops, and concierges....................................................................................................

First-line supervisors of sales workers.......................................................................................................

Retail sales workers........................................................................................................................................

Baggage porters, bellhops, and concierges................................................................................................

Tour and travel guides....................................................................................................................................

Ushers, lobby attendants, and ticket takers................................................................................................

Miscellaneous entertainment attendants and related workers....................................................................

Building and grounds cleaning and maintenance occupations (Continued)

Advertising sales agents............................................................................................................................

Insurance sales agents..............................................................................................................................

Sales and related occupations

Supervisors of sales workers..........................................................................................................................

Cashiers....................................................................................................................................................

Counter and rental clerks and parts salespersons......................................................................................

Retail salespersons....................................................................................................................................

Sales representatives, services......................................................................................................................

Securities, commodities, and financial services sales agents.....................................................................

Travel agents.............................................................................................................................................

Sales representatives, wholesale and manufacturing......................................................................................

Exercise trainers and group fitness instructors...........................................................................................

Recreation workers....................................................................................................................................

Sales representatives, wholesale and manufacturing.................................................................................

Other sales and related workers.....................................................................................................................

Models, demonstrators, and product promoters.........................................................................................

Funeral attendants..........................................................................................................................................
Hourly Annual1

Sales and related occupations (Continued)

205,060 $31.78 $66,100 $24.39

Real estate brokers............................................................................................................................... 42,730 39.16 81,450 28.71

Real estate sales agents....................................................................................................................... 162,330 29.83 62,060 23.53

63,550 54.22 112,780 49.95

134,800 14.31 29,770 12.64

127,850 19.35 40,240 15.14

Door-to-door sales workers, news and street vendors, and related workers.......................................... 8,930 16.90 35,150 13.19

Sales and related workers, all other...................................................................................................... 118,910 19.53 40,620 15.30

19,528,250 19.73 41,040 18.07

1,487,870 28.91 60,130 27.22

1,487,870 28.91 60,130 27.22

76,030 16.29 33,890 14.94

68,050 15.88 33,030 14.72

4,740 18.24 37,940 17.19

3,240 22.14 46,050 20.57

2,910,660 19.60 40,770 18.52

235,870 18.90 39,300 17.79

466,450 19.53 40,620 18.63

1,512,660 20.65 42,960 19.82

14,330 14.23 29,600 13.48

142,700 22.79 47,390 22.20

66,030 21.14 43,980 20.82

442,120 15.22 31,660 15.02

30,500 21.51 44,740 20.40

5,780,040 17.59 36,580 16.37

47,990 26.53 55,190 25.36

6,250 19.03 39,570 18.34

154,020 20.21 42,030 18.93

26,700 20.13 41,880 19.28

2,919,230 17.94 37,320 16.69

139,780 22.65 47,110 22.40

102,300 16.64 34,610 15.73

267,940 12.47 25,950 11.76

188,570 17.49 36,390 16.81

85,910 14.34 29,820 13.22

208,530 20.17 41,960 19.54

43,420 18.50 38,490 17.57

137,180 17.60 36,600 16.46

117,340 20.49 42,620 19.92

1,057,370 15.02 31,250 14.45

123,660 21.34 44,390 18.45

153,850 20.39 42,410 19.89

2,155,080 21.13 43,950 19.39

95,810 22.48 46,770 21.03

74,720 15.21 31,640 14.28

294,680 21.24 44,170 19.61

Public safety telecommunicators........................................................................................................... 95,320 21.31 44,310 20.15

Dispatchers, except police, fire, and ambulance................................................................................... 199,360 21.20 44,100 19.32

30,450 22.23 46,250 20.33

523,220 24.88 51,740 25.03

Postal service clerks............................................................................................................................. 81,170 24.33 50,610 23.23

Postal service mail carriers................................................................................................................... 339,650 25.09 52,180 24.67

Postal service mail sorters, processors, and processing machine operators......................................... 102,390 24.61 51,190 28.91

370,380 24.35 50,640 23.20

704,910 17.32 36,030 16.44

60,920 17.62 36,650 16.85

3,353,950 20.87 43,410 19.16

3,353,950 20.87 43,410 19.16

Executive secretaries and executive administrative assistants............................................................. 542,690 30.25 62,920 29.27

Legal secretaries and administrative assistants.................................................................................... 168,140 24.47 50,900 22.74

Medical secretaries and administrative assistants................................................................................. 604,780 18.31 38,090 17.59

Secretaries and administrative assistants, except legal, medical, and executive................................... 2,038,340 18.84 39,180 18.12

3,764,620 17.75 36,920 16.67

207,390 17.52 36,440 16.79

Data entry keyers.................................................................................................................................. 159,930 16.74 34,820 16.10

Word processors and typists................................................................................................................. 47,460 20.13 41,880 19.39

8,740 23.43 48,740 21.82

257,000 20.81 43,280 19.59

83,580 15.68 32,620 14.89

2,956,060 17.48 36,360 16.37

45,960 16.90 35,150 16.08

7,730 20.77 43,200 19.54

9,810 24.83 51,640 23.97

188,360 18.41 38,290 17.05

484,750 15.07 31,340 13.07

22,560 25.25 52,520 23.21

22,560 25.25 52,520 23.21

See footnotes at end of table.

Employment

Median 

hourly 

wages

Correspondence clerks..............................................................................................................................

Tellers........................................................................................................................................................

Financial clerks, all other............................................................................................................................

Financial clerks...............................................................................................................................................

Information and record clerks..........................................................................................................................

Switchboard operators, including answering service..................................................................................

Telephone operators..................................................................................................................................

Occupation

Brokerage clerks........................................................................................................................................

First-line supervisors of office and administrative support workers.............................................................

Supervisors of office and administrative support workers...............................................................................

Communications equipment operators............................................................................................................

Court, municipal, and license clerks...........................................................................................................

Credit authorizers, checkers, and clerks....................................................................................................

Customer service representatives..............................................................................................................

Eligibility interviewers, government programs............................................................................................

Communications equipment operators, all other........................................................................................

File clerks..................................................................................................................................................

Hotel, motel, and resort desk clerks...........................................................................................................

Interviewers, except eligibility and loan......................................................................................................

Other office and administrative support workers.............................................................................................

Secretaries and administrative assistants..................................................................................................

Production, planning, and expediting clerks...............................................................................................

Shipping, receiving, and inventory clerks...................................................................................................

Weighers, measurers, checkers, and samplers, recordkeeping.................................................................

Secretaries and administrative assistants.......................................................................................................

Order clerks...............................................................................................................................................

Human resources assistants, except payroll and timekeeping....................................................................

Meter readers, utilities...............................................................................................................................

Postal service workers...............................................................................................................................

Material recording, scheduling, dispatching, and distributing workers.............................................................

Couriers and messengers..........................................................................................................................

Dispatchers...............................................................................................................................................

Cargo and freight agents...........................................................................................................................

Library assistants, clerical..........................................................................................................................

Loan interviewers and clerks......................................................................................................................

New accounts clerks..................................................................................................................................

Office clerks, general.................................................................................................................................

Office machine operators, except computer...............................................................................................

Proofreaders and copy markers.................................................................................................................

Statistical assistants..................................................................................................................................

Office and administrative support workers, all other...................................................................................

Data entry and information processing workers.........................................................................................

Farming, fishing, and forestry occupations

Supervisors of farming, fishing, and forestry workers......................................................................................

First-line supervisors of farming, fishing, and forestry workers...................................................................

Insurance claims and policy processing clerks...........................................................................................

Mail clerks and mail machine operators, except postal service...................................................................

Desktop publishers....................................................................................................................................

Table 1. National employment and wage data from the Occupational Employment Statistics survey by occupation, May 2019- Continued

Real estate brokers and sales agents........................................................................................................

Sales engineers.........................................................................................................................................

Mean wages

Telemarketers............................................................................................................................................

Miscellaneous sales and related workers...................................................................................................

Office and administrative support occupations

Receptionists and information clerks..........................................................................................................

Reservation and transportation ticket agents and travel clerks...................................................................

Information and record clerks, all other......................................................................................................

Bill and account collectors..........................................................................................................................

Billing and posting clerks............................................................................................................................

Bookkeeping, accounting, and auditing clerks............................................................................................

Gambling cage workers.............................................................................................................................

Payroll and timekeeping clerks...................................................................................................................

Procurement clerks....................................................................................................................................
Hourly Annual1

415,390 $14.00 $29,120 $12.52

13,760 22.67 47,160 21.87

1,610 22.32 46,420 20.64

34,340 13.25 27,570 12.34

365,680 13.71 28,510 12.41

Agricultural equipment operators.......................................................................................................... 26,990 16.01 33,300 15.36

Farmworkers and laborers, crop, nursery, and greenhouse................................................................... 295,520 13.36 27,780 12.23

Farmworkers, farm, ranch, and aquacultural animals............................................................................ 36,630 14.37 29,880 13.38

Agricultural workers, all other................................................................................................................ 6,540 16.31 33,930 14.23

44,720 19.78 41,130 18.79

6,760 15.76 32,790 15.27

37,960 20.49 42,620 19.82

Fallers................................................................................................................................................... 4,890 23.88 49,670 21.46

Logging equipment operators............................................................................................................... 26,030 20.22 42,060 19.92

Log graders and scalers........................................................................................................................ 3,300 18.80 39,110 17.92

Logging workers, all other..................................................................................................................... 3,750 19.42 40,390 19.12

Construction and extraction occupations 6,194,140 25.28 52,580 22.80

626,180 34.35 71,440 31.83

626,180 34.35 71,440 31.83

4,617,440 24.68 51,330 22.28

15,820 31.27 65,040 30.34

73,040 26.46 55,040 24.79

Brickmasons and blockmasons............................................................................................................. 60,650 27.15 56,470 25.53

Stonemasons........................................................................................................................................ 12,390 23.11 48,070 20.81

734,170 25.41 52,850 23.24

87,700 22.44 46,680 20.22

Carpet installers.................................................................................................................................... 26,010 21.79 45,320 19.27

Floor layers, except carpet, wood, and hard tiles................................................................................... 16,290 23.37 48,610 21.27

Floor sanders and finishers................................................................................................................... 4,940 20.34 42,300 19.04

Tile and stone setters........................................................................................................................... 40,470 22.74 47,300 20.70

199,090 23.30 48,450 21.57

Cement masons and concrete finishers................................................................................................ 196,120 23.24 48,330 21.54

Terrazzo workers and finishers............................................................................................................. 2,970 27.09 56,340 25.09

1,020,350 20.06 41,730 17.72

455,050 25.66 53,370 23.16

Paving, surfacing, and tamping equipment operators............................................................................ 45,770 21.46 44,630 19.29

Pile driver operators.............................................................................................................................. 3,540 33.76 70,230 30.10

Operating engineers and other construction equipment operators........................................................ 405,750 26.06 54,210 23.55

120,820 25.09 52,190 22.77

Drywall and ceiling tile installers............................................................................................................ 102,850 24.31 50,560 21.97

Tapers.................................................................................................................................................. 17,970 29.59 61,550 28.40

688,620 29.02 60,370 27.01

52,400 23.95 49,810 21.46

60,220 23.60 49,090 21.24

Insulation workers, floor, ceiling, and wall.............................................................................................. 33,550 21.68 45,100 19.41

Insulation workers, mechanical............................................................................................................. 26,670 26.02 54,120 23.41

236,140 21.46 44,630 19.37

Painters, construction and maintenance............................................................................................... 232,760 21.46 44,640 19.37

Paperhangers....................................................................................................................................... 3,380 21.38 44,470 19.48

479,140 28.16 58,570 25.92

Pipelayers............................................................................................................................................. 36,270 20.96 43,600 18.66

Plumbers, pipefitters, and steamfitters.................................................................................................. 442,870 28.75 59,800 26.52

27,360 23.90 49,710 21.85

18,870 26.27 54,650 23.60

129,690 22.03 45,820 20.24

131,300 26.19 54,480 24.23

76,570 28.45 59,170 26.46

11,080 22.52 46,850 21.58

242,400 16.49 34,300 15.73

242,400 16.49 34,300 15.73

Helpers--brickmasons, blockmasons, stonemasons, and tile and marble setters................................... 23,480 18.48 38,440 17.02

Helpers--carpenters.............................................................................................................................. 32,920 16.26 33,830 15.89

Helpers--electricians............................................................................................................................. 79,260 16.49 34,300 15.78

Helpers--painters, paperhangers, plasterers, and stucco masons......................................................... 10,850 15.83 32,930 15.07

Helpers--pipelayers, plumbers, pipefitters, and steamfitters.................................................................. 58,400 16.23 33,750 15.43

Helpers--roofers.................................................................................................................................... 8,960 16.04 33,350 15.44

Helpers, construction trades, all other................................................................................................... 28,530 16.06 33,400 15.34

437,730 24.81 51,600 22.36

110,420 30.96 64,390 29.19

28,350 40.02 83,250 40.86

25,900 18.56 38,600 17.21

44,240 22.95 47,740 21.11

150,860 20.39 42,410 19.58

16,180 27.48 57,160 26.97

29,750 20.56 42,760 19.17

32,040 21.17 44,030 19.10

270,390 23.16 48,180 21.61

84,880 25.15 52,320 23.24

See footnotes at end of table.

Structural iron and steel workers................................................................................................................

Electricians................................................................................................................................................

Glaziers.....................................................................................................................................................

Insulation workers......................................................................................................................................

Helpers, construction trades...........................................................................................................................

Other construction and related workers...........................................................................................................

Construction and building inspectors.........................................................................................................

Elevator and escalator installers and repairers...........................................................................................

Extraction workers..........................................................................................................................................

Helpers, construction trades......................................................................................................................

Fence erectors...........................................................................................................................................

Hazardous materials removal workers.......................................................................................................

Highway maintenance workers..................................................................................................................

Rail-track laying and maintenance equipment operators............................................................................

Septic tank servicers and sewer pipe cleaners...........................................................................................

Miscellaneous construction and related workers........................................................................................

Median 

hourly 

wages

Employment

Table 1. National employment and wage data from the Occupational Employment Statistics survey by occupation, May 2019- Continued

Mean wages

Forest and conservation workers...............................................................................................................

Agricultural workers........................................................................................................................................

Agricultural inspectors................................................................................................................................

Animal breeders.........................................................................................................................................

Graders and sorters, agricultural products.................................................................................................

Miscellaneous agricultural workers.............................................................................................................

Forest, conservation, and logging workers......................................................................................................

Farming, fishing, and forestry occupations (Continued)

Occupation

Logging workers........................................................................................................................................

Boilermakers..............................................................................................................................................

Construction trades workers...........................................................................................................................

Reinforcing iron and rebar workers............................................................................................................

Roofers......................................................................................................................................................

Sheet metal workers..................................................................................................................................

Supervisors of construction and extraction workers........................................................................................

First-line supervisors of construction trades and extraction workers...........................................................

Brickmasons, blockmasons, and stonemasons..........................................................................................

Carpenters.................................................................................................................................................

Carpet, floor, and tile installers and finishers..............................................................................................

Cement masons, concrete finishers, and terrazzo workers........................................................................

Construction laborers.................................................................................................................................

Construction equipment operators.............................................................................................................

Drywall installers, ceiling tile installers, and tapers......................................................................................

Painters and paperhangers........................................................................................................................

Pipelayers, plumbers, pipefitters, and steamfitters.....................................................................................

Plasterers and stucco masons...................................................................................................................

Derrick, rotary drill, and service unit operators, oil and gas........................................................................

Solar photovoltaic installers........................................................................................................................
Hourly Annual1

Derrick operators, oil and gas............................................................................................................... 12,110 $23.09 $48,030 $22.59

Rotary drill operators, oil and gas.......................................................................................................... 21,010 27.44 57,070 26.43

Service unit operators, oil and gas........................................................................................................ 51,760 24.71 51,390 22.47

44,090 23.36 48,580 21.54

14,630 27.18 56,530 26.58

3,140 28.63 59,560 28.41

4,200 25.83 53,730 26.06

5,080 17.97 37,390 17.34

58,930 19.85 41,280 18.71

16,700 18.46 38,390 17.85

24,940 23.50 48,890 22.24

13,790 25.13 52,280 24.11

Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations 5,713,450 24.10 50,130 22.42

485,700 33.92 70,550 32.44

485,700 33.92 70,550 32.44

557,620 26.27 54,630 25.28

98,260 20.23 42,070 19.01

222,850 28.13 58,510 27.75

Radio, cellular, and tower equipment installers and repairers................................................................ 14,370 27.80 57,820 26.62

Telecommunications equipment installers and repairers, except line installers...................................... 208,480 28.15 58,560 27.84

236,500 27.02 56,200 26.14

Avionics technicians............................................................................................................................. 21,750 32.20 66,970 31.59

Electric motor, power tool, and related repairers................................................................................... 15,890 22.41 46,620 21.19

Electrical and electronics installers and repairers, transportation equipment......................................... 9,790 30.61 63,670 30.06

Electrical and electronics repairers, commercial and industrial equipment............................................. 58,930 29.02 60,360 28.51

Electrical and electronics repairers, powerhouse, substation, and relay................................................ 22,650 39.08 81,280 39.80

Electronic equipment installers and repairers, motor vehicles............................................................... 10,310 18.71 38,910 17.97

Audiovisual equipment installers and repairers..................................................................................... 25,590 20.25 42,130 18.99

Security and fire alarm systems installers............................................................................................. 71,600 24.14 50,210 23.54

1,638,920 22.81 47,440 21.44

133,310 32.27 67,110 30.81

818,920 21.71 45,150 20.26

Automotive body and related repairers.................................................................................................. 144,180 22.79 47,390 20.95

Automotive glass installers and repairers.............................................................................................. 19,410 18.00 37,440 17.20

Automotive service technicians and mechanics.................................................................................... 655,330 21.58 44,890 20.24

266,330 24.21 50,360 23.32

210,020 25.55 53,140 24.80

Farm equipment mechanics and service technicians............................................................................ 36,290 20.97 43,630 20.29

Mobile heavy equipment mechanics, except engines............................................................................ 147,800 26.36 54,840 25.66

Rail car repairers.................................................................................................................................. 25,930 27.31 56,810 27.11

70,690 19.26 40,050 18.19

Motorboat mechanics and service technicians...................................................................................... 22,940 20.89 43,440 19.87

Motorcycle mechanics.......................................................................................................................... 15,590 19.22 39,970 18.08

Outdoor power equipment and other small engine mechanics.............................................................. 32,160 18.11 37,670 17.36

139,640 15.24 31,710 14.19

Bicycle repairers................................................................................................................................... 13,190 15.07 31,360 14.58

Recreational vehicle service technicians............................................................................................... 15,580 20.03 41,660 18.54

Tire repairers and changers.................................................................................................................. 110,880 14.59 30,350 13.77

3,031,220 22.83 47,480 21.20

75,320 26.43 54,970 24.34

Mechanical door repairers..................................................................................................................... 23,050 21.03 43,740 19.99

Control and valve installers and repairers, except mechanical door....................................................... 52,270 28.81 59,920 27.93

342,040 24.72 51,420 23.43

31,100 20.38 42,400 19.36

508,660 26.27 54,640 25.41

Industrial machinery mechanics............................................................................................................ 387,630 26.60 55,320 25.77

Maintenance workers, machinery.......................................................................................................... 72,890 23.77 49,450 22.85

Millwrights............................................................................................................................................. 47,320 27.43 57,050 26.71

Refractory materials repairers, except brickmasons.............................................................................. 820 26.80 55,750 25.95

232,560 31.52 65,570 31.59

Electrical power-line installers and repairers.......................................................................................... 111,660 34.60 71,960 34.86

Telecommunications line installers and repairers.................................................................................. 120,900 28.69 59,670 27.29

71,360 24.85 51,700 23.29

Camera and photographic equipment repairers.................................................................................... 3,620 19.58 40,720 18.69

Medical equipment repairers................................................................................................................. 46,370 25.54 53,130 23.69

Musical instrument repairers and tuners............................................................................................... 8,020 19.11 39,750 17.62

Watch and clock repairers.................................................................................................................... 2,780 21.77 45,280 20.44

Precision instrument and equipment repairers, all other........................................................................ 10,570 28.82 59,940 28.23

1,418,990 20.17 41,960 18.79

5,960 27.26 56,700 25.44

345,230 19.86 41,310 17.91

Coin, vending, and amusement machine servicers and repairers......................................................... 31,370 17.97 37,380 17.03

Commercial divers................................................................................................................................ 3,420 32.26 67,100 24.03

Locksmiths and safe repairers.............................................................................................................. 17,010 21.38 44,460 20.16

Manufactured building and mobile home installers................................................................................ 2,810 16.49 34,300 16.29

Riggers................................................................................................................................................. 23,000 25.20 52,420 24.45

Signal and track switch repairers.......................................................................................................... 6,860 34.95 72,690 35.52

Helpers--installation, maintenance, and repair workers......................................................................... 99,460 15.66 32,570 14.68

Installation, maintenance, and repair workers, all other......................................................................... 161,290 21.06 43,800 19.15

See footnotes at end of table.

Excavating and loading machine and dragline operators, surface mining...................................................

Continuous mining machine operators.......................................................................................................

Loading and moving machine operators, underground mining...................................................................

Median 

hourly 

wages

Mean wages

Occupation Employment

Construction and extraction occupations (Continued)

Table 1. National employment and wage data from the Occupational Employment Statistics survey by occupation, May 2019- Continued

Roof bolters, mining...................................................................................................................................

Helpers--extraction workers.......................................................................................................................

Underground mining machine operators and extraction workers, all other..................................................

Electrical and electronic equipment mechanics, installers, and repairers.........................................................

Computer, automated teller, and office machine repairers.........................................................................

Supervisors of installation, maintenance, and repair workers..........................................................................

First-line supervisors of mechanics, installers, and repairers.....................................................................

Radio and telecommunications equipment installers and repairers............................................................

Heating, air conditioning, and refrigeration mechanics and installers.........................................................

Vehicle and mobile equipment mechanics, installers, and repairers................................................................

Aircraft mechanics and service technicians...............................................................................................

Automotive technicians and repairers........................................................................................................

Bus and truck mechanics and diesel engine specialists.............................................................................

Heavy vehicle and mobile equipment service technicians and mechanics.................................................

Small engine mechanics............................................................................................................................

Miscellaneous vehicle and mobile equipment mechanics, installers, and repairers.....................................

Other installation, maintenance, and repair occupations.................................................................................

Control and valve installers and repairers..................................................................................................

Roustabouts, oil and gas...........................................................................................................................

Earth drillers, except oil and gas; and explosives workers, ordnance handling experts, and blasters..........

Rock splitters, quarry.................................................................................................................................

Miscellaneous electrical and electronic equipment mechanics, installers, and repairers.............................

Line installers and repairers.......................................................................................................................

Precision instrument and equipment repairers...........................................................................................

Maintenance and repair workers, general..................................................................................................

Wind turbine service technicians...............................................................................................................

Miscellaneous installation, maintenance, and repair workers.....................................................................

Home appliance repairers..........................................................................................................................

Industrial machinery installation, repair, and maintenance workers............................................................
Hourly Annual1

9,158,980 $19.30 $40,140 $17.31

631,100 31.35 65,220 29.48

631,100 31.35 65,220 29.48

1,856,870 17.46 36,310 16.21

42,940 27.15 56,460 26.06

297,880 17.79 37,010 16.77

Coil winders, tapers, and finishers........................................................................................................ 12,690 18.63 38,760 17.56

Electrical, electronic, and electromechanical assemblers, except coil winders, tapers,

 and finishers.................................................................................................................................. 285,190 17.75 36,930 16.74

45,980 22.39 46,570 21.95

76,890 20.67 43,000 19.42

20,010 17.78 36,970 17.06

1,260 18.32 38,110 16.87

1,371,920 16.73 34,800 15.55

802,290 14.94 31,080 14.09

184,990 14.25 29,630 13.32

364,150 14.87 30,920 14.19

Butchers and meat cutters.................................................................................................................... 136,770 16.35 34,010 15.62

Meat, poultry, and fish cutters and trimmers......................................................................................... 153,990 13.85 28,810 13.51

Slaughterers and meat packers............................................................................................................ 73,390 14.23 29,600 14.05

253,140 15.56 32,360 14.52

Food and tobacco roasting, baking, and drying machine operators and tenders................................... 20,830 16.29 33,880 15.19

Food batchmakers................................................................................................................................ 159,390 15.92 33,120 14.80

Food cooking machine operators and tenders...................................................................................... 30,030 15.54 32,320 14.96

Food processing workers, all other........................................................................................................ 42,890 13.85 28,820 13.24

1,825,170 20.22 42,050 18.96

125,730 18.89 39,290 18.12

Extruding and drawing machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic............................... 76,940 18.16 37,770 17.46

Forging machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic...................................................... 16,320 19.81 41,200 19.07

Rolling machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic....................................................... 32,470 20.15 41,920 19.47

329,530 18.48 38,440 17.54

Cutting, punching, and press machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic..................... 195,040 17.94 37,310 17.12

Drilling and boring machine tool setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic............................... 10,870 20.49 42,630 18.71

Grinding, lapping, polishing, and buffing machine tool setters, operators, and tenders, 

 metal and plastic............................................................................................................................ 76,810 18.20 37,860 17.36

Lathe and turning machine tool setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic................................ 28,070 20.19 41,990 19.28

Milling and planing machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic..................................... 18,730 21.55 44,820 20.77

383,470 22.17 46,120 21.36

25,160 20.43 42,500 19.66

Metal-refining furnace operators and tenders........................................................................................ 17,150 20.81 43,280 20.31

Pourers and casters, metal................................................................................................................... 8,010 19.64 40,850 18.57

7,310 25.75 53,560 25.09

Model makers, metal and plastic........................................................................................................... 4,300 27.61 57,420 27.41

Patternmakers, metal and plastic.......................................................................................................... 3,010 23.10 48,050 22.55

190,110 16.77 34,870 15.61

Foundry mold and coremakers.............................................................................................................. 17,590 17.75 36,920 17.11

Molding, coremaking, and casting machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic............. 172,520 16.67 34,670 15.45

146,950 18.47 38,410 17.47

70,770 26.43 54,980 25.92

445,850 21.54 44,800 20.24

Welders, cutters, solderers, and brazers............................................................................................... 410,750 21.73 45,190 20.43

Welding, soldering, and brazing machine setters, operators, and tenders............................................. 35,110 19.35 40,240 18.42

100,300 18.49 38,470 17.33

Heat treating equipment setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic.......................................... 19,560 19.16 39,840 18.39

Layout workers, metal and plastic......................................................................................................... 8,150 23.51 48,900 24.01

Plating machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic....................................................... 41,810 17.14 35,640 16.10

Tool grinders, filers, and sharpeners..................................................................................................... 6,440 20.18 41,970 18.91

Metal workers and plastic workers, all other.......................................................................................... 24,340 18.17 37,790 16.75

249,300 18.65 38,790 17.60

249,300 18.65 38,790 17.60

Prepress technicians and workers........................................................................................................ 30,270 20.45 42,540 19.48

Printing press operators........................................................................................................................ 173,430 18.80 39,100 17.74

Print binding and finishing workers........................................................................................................ 45,600 16.89 35,130 15.89

569,260 13.78 28,660 12.68

209,330 12.22 25,420 11.64

38,070 11.93 24,820 11.63

133,410 13.46 28,000 12.70

13,780 14.70 30,570 14.34

Shoe and leather workers and repairers................................................................................................ 8,760 14.70 30,580 14.21

Shoe machine operators and tenders................................................................................................... 5,020 14.68 30,540 14.70

28,880 16.32 33,950 15.02

Sewers, hand........................................................................................................................................ 4,770 14.92 31,020 14.40

Tailors, dressmakers, and custom sewers............................................................................................ 24,110 16.60 34,530 15.15

74,220 14.77 30,720 14.25

Textile bleaching and dyeing machine operators and tenders............................................................... 8,690 14.81 30,810 14.16

Textile cutting machine setters, operators, and tenders........................................................................ 13,210 14.26 29,660 13.81

Textile knitting and weaving machine setters, operators, and tenders................................................... 21,130 15.05 31,300 14.41

Textile winding, twisting, and drawing out machine setters, operators, and tenders.............................. 31,190 14.78 30,740 14.32

71,570 17.67 36,750 16.26

Extruding and forming machine setters, operators, and tenders, synthetic and glass fibers.................. 18,230 18.16 37,760 17.36

Fabric and apparel patternmakers........................................................................................................ 5,870 25.35 52,740 21.67

See footnotes at end of table.

Aircraft structure, surfaces, rigging, and systems assemblers....................................................................

Molders and molding machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic......................................

Multiple machine tool setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic....................................................

Miscellaneous metal workers and plastic workers......................................................................................

Printing workers..............................................................................................................................................

Printing workers.........................................................................................................................................

Model makers and patternmakers, metal and plastic..................................................................................

Structural metal fabricators and fitters........................................................................................................

Miscellaneous assemblers and fabricators.................................................................................................

Butchers and other meat, poultry, and fish processing workers..................................................................

Tool and die makers..................................................................................................................................

Welding, soldering, and brazing workers....................................................................................................

Forming machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic..........................................................

Machine tool cutting setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic......................................................

Machinists.................................................................................................................................................

Laundry and dry-cleaning workers.............................................................................................................

Tailors, dressmakers, and sewers..............................................................................................................

Textile machine setters, operators, and tenders.........................................................................................

Supervisors of production workers..................................................................................................................

First-line supervisors of production and operating workers.........................................................................

Shoe and leather workers..........................................................................................................................

Pressers, textile, garment, and related materials........................................................................................

Sewing machine operators.........................................................................................................................

Miscellaneous textile, apparel, and furnishings workers.............................................................................

Textile, apparel, and furnishings workers........................................................................................................

Production occupations

Table 1. National employment and wage data from the Occupational Employment Statistics survey by occupation, May 2019- Continued

Occupation Employment

Mean wages Median 

hourly 

wages

Metal furnace operators, tenders, pourers, and casters.............................................................................

Electrical, electronics, and electromechanical assemblers..........................................................................

Engine and other machine assemblers......................................................................................................

Food processing workers................................................................................................................................

Bakers.......................................................................................................................................................

Miscellaneous food processing workers.....................................................................................................

Metal workers and plastic workers..................................................................................................................

Assemblers and fabricators............................................................................................................................

Fiberglass laminators and fabricators.........................................................................................................

Timing device assemblers and adjusters...................................................................................................
Hourly Annual1

Production occupations (Continued)

Upholsterers......................................................................................................................................... 29,420 $17.62 $36,640 $16.89

Textile, apparel, and furnishings workers, all other................................................................................ 18,060 14.76 30,710 13.45

253,080 16.66 34,660 15.75

99,400 18.09 37,620 17.21

16,220 16.51 34,350 15.62

1,190 28.49 59,270 29.39

Model makers, wood............................................................................................................................. 810 27.56 57,320 28.49

Patternmakers, wood............................................................................................................................ 370 30.53 63,490 31.19

129,580 15.47 32,170 14.79

Sawing machine setters, operators, and tenders, wood........................................................................ 50,730 15.46 32,150 14.62

Woodworking machine setters, operators, and tenders, except sawing................................................ 78,850 15.47 32,180 14.90

6,700 16.96 35,270 15.92

302,270 30.40 63,230 29.01

49,440 40.22 83,660 41.32

Nuclear power reactor operators........................................................................................................... 5,050 48.55 100,990 48.33

Power distributors and dispatchers....................................................................................................... 10,770 42.74 88,910 43.61

Power plant operators........................................................................................................................... 33,620 38.16 79,370 39.42

32,520 31.71 65,970 29.88

123,730 24.28 50,490 22.96

96,580 32.77 68,170 32.64

Chemical plant and system operators................................................................................................... 28,840 30.15 62,710 30.07

Gas plant operators.............................................................................................................................. 14,410 34.16 71,050 34.00

Petroleum pump system operators, refinery operators, and gaugers..................................................... 40,370 35.49 73,830 35.66

Plant and system operators, all other.................................................................................................... 12,950 28.61 59,500 28.07

2,669,650 18.64 38,770 17.11

138,290 23.68 49,250 22.22

Chemical equipment operators and tenders.......................................................................................... 87,120 24.78 51,540 23.62

Separating, filtering, clarifying, precipitating, and still machine setters, operators, and tenders............. 51,160 21.81 45,370 19.87

187,870 18.63 38,740 17.62

Crushing, grinding, and polishing machine setters, operators, and tenders........................................... 33,360 18.88 39,270 18.06

Grinding and polishing workers, hand................................................................................................... 29,170 15.90 33,060 14.71

Mixing and blending machine setters, operators, and tenders............................................................... 125,340 19.19 39,920 18.17

67,620 17.37 36,120 16.74

Cutters and trimmers, hand.................................................................................................................. 9,670 15.55 32,340 14.52

Cutting and slicing machine setters, operators, and tenders................................................................. 57,960 17.67 36,750 17.11

71,850 17.90 37,240 17.06

18,970 19.88 41,350 19.27

576,950 20.67 43,000 18.82

23,590 22.09 45,950 19.65

77,730 19.58 40,730 17.96

Dental laboratory technicians................................................................................................................ 34,460 21.31 44,330 19.87

Medical appliance technicians............................................................................................................... 14,130 21.25 44,200 19.56

Ophthalmic laboratory technicians........................................................................................................ 29,150 16.73 34,800 15.68

390,540 16.15 33,590 14.90

158,780 19.63 40,820 18.16

Painting, coating, and decorating workers............................................................................................. 12,430 17.11 35,600 15.84

Coating, painting, and spraying machine setters, operators, and tenders.............................................. 146,350 19.84 41,260 18.34

27,680 20.17 41,950 18.30

11,940 17.74 36,890 15.52

177,270 21.90 45,560 20.68

Computer numerically controlled tool operators..................................................................................... 151,700 20.75 43,170 19.81

Computer numerically controlled tool programmers............................................................................... 25,570 28.72 59,730 27.14

740,570 16.34 33,980 14.94

Adhesive bonding machine operators and tenders................................................................................ 13,890 17.31 36,010 16.51

Cleaning, washing, and metal pickling equipment operators and tenders.............................................. 16,410 16.46 34,230 15.31

Cooling and freezing equipment operators and tenders........................................................................ 8,740 17.80 37,010 16.97

Etchers and engravers.......................................................................................................................... 10,310 16.24 33,770 14.72

Molders, shapers, and casters, except metal and plastic....................................................................... 44,890 17.31 36,000 16.36

Paper goods machine setters, operators, and tenders.......................................................................... 100,290 19.70 40,980 18.85

Tire builders.......................................................................................................................................... 20,790 21.64 45,010 22.12

Helpers--production workers................................................................................................................. 303,030 14.68 30,540 13.99

Production workers, all other................................................................................................................. 222,230 16.26 33,830 14.33

12,532,030 18.23 37,920 15.60

464,890 27.81 57,850 26.46

464,890 27.81 57,850 26.46

Aircraft cargo handling supervisors....................................................................................................... 9,500 27.87 57,960 25.89

First-line supervisors of transportation and material moving workers, except aircraft cargo

 handling supervisors....................................................................................................................... 455,390 27.81 57,840 26.47

275,960 (2) 104,130 (2)

122,350 (2) 152,610 (2)

Airline pilots, copilots, and flight engineers............................................................................................ 84,520 (2) 174,870 (2)

Commercial pilots................................................................................................................................. 37,830 (2) 102,870 (2)

32,780 47.96 99,760 44.80

Air traffic controllers.............................................................................................................................. 22,090 57.76 120,140 59.13

Airfield operations specialists................................................................................................................ 10,680 27.70 57,620 25.31

120,840 (2) 56,230 (2)

4,174,700 19.57 40,710 18.53

14,740 14.23 29,600 12.45

3,223,840 20.27 42,170 19.38

Driver/sales workers............................................................................................................................. 444,660 14.53 30,230 12.43

See footnotes at end of table.

Stationary engineers and boiler operators..................................................................................................

Water and wastewater treatment plant and system operators....................................................................

Miscellaneous plant and system operators.................................................................................................

Other production occupations.........................................................................................................................

Chemical processing machine setters, operators, and tenders..................................................................

Crushing, grinding, polishing, mixing, and blending workers......................................................................

Cutting workers..........................................................................................................................................

Extruding, forming, pressing, and compacting machine setters, operators, and tenders............................

Furnace, kiln, oven, drier, and kettle operators and tenders.......................................................................

Inspectors, testers, sorters, samplers, and weighers..................................................................................

Air transportation workers...............................................................................................................................

Air traffic controllers and airfield operations specialists..............................................................................

Flight attendants........................................................................................................................................

Motor vehicle operators..................................................................................................................................

Occupation

Mean wages

Employment

Median 

hourly 

wages

Dental and ophthalmic laboratory technicians and medical appliance technicians......................................

Packaging and filling machine operators and tenders................................................................................

Painting workers........................................................................................................................................

Ambulance drivers and attendants, except emergency medical technicians...............................................

Driver/sales workers and truck drivers.......................................................................................................

Semiconductor processing technicians......................................................................................................

Photographic process workers and processing machine operators............................................................

Power plant operators, distributors, and dispatchers..................................................................................

First-line supervisors of transportation and material moving workers.........................................................

Aircraft pilots and flight engineers..............................................................................................................

Woodworkers.................................................................................................................................................

Cabinetmakers and bench carpenters........................................................................................................

Furniture finishers......................................................................................................................................

Model makers and patternmakers, wood....................................................................................................

Woodworking machine setters, operators, and tenders..............................................................................

Woodworkers, all other..............................................................................................................................

Plant and system operators............................................................................................................................

Jewelers and precious stone and metal workers........................................................................................

Table 1. National employment and wage data from the Occupational Employment Statistics survey by occupation, May 2019- Continued

Miscellaneous production workers.............................................................................................................

Computer numerically controlled tool operators and programmers.............................................................

Transportation and material moving occupations

Supervisors of transportation and material moving workers............................................................................
Hourly Annual1

Transportation and material moving occupations (Continued)

Heavy and tractor-trailer truck drivers................................................................................................... 1,856,130 $22.52 $46,850 $21.76

Light truck drivers................................................................................................................................. 923,050 18.52 38,520 16.70

879,540 17.21 35,790 16.01

Bus drivers, transit and intercity............................................................................................................ 179,510 22.03 45,830 20.69

Passenger vehicle drivers, except bus drivers, transit and intercity....................................................... 700,030 15.97 33,210 15.07

56,590 17.93 37,300 15.82

111,090 32.33 67,240 31.20

40,920 33.21 69,080 31.27

Locomotive engineers........................................................................................................................... 35,520 34.41 71,570 32.26

Rail yard engineers, dinkey operators, and hostlers.............................................................................. 5,400 25.33 52,690 23.72

11,080 29.99 62,380 28.97

45,710 32.86 68,350 31.73

10,730 30.66 63,770 32.63

2,650 26.04 54,170 24.81

75,180 34.25 71,240 27.56

31,290 25.60 53,250 20.90

35,480 40.93 85,130 33.60

Captains, mates, and pilots of water vessels......................................................................................... 33,370 42.03 87,420 34.78

Motorboat operators............................................................................................................................. 2,120 23.57 49,030 23.20

8,410 38.24 79,540 35.87

368,840 15.98 33,240 12.87

3,150 23.02 47,880 24.09

147,390 12.72 26,450 12.09

117,670 12.91 26,860 12.11

7,470 25.28 52,590 22.83

30,020 37.27 77,530 36.45

28,200 14.15 29,420 12.78

34,940 20.65 42,940 17.79

7,061,370 15.28 31,790 13.97

24,050 17.38 36,150 16.66

45,480 29.10 60,530 27.26

1,550 24.68 51,340 22.62

4,800 30.14 62,690 28.71

629,270 18.24 37,930 17.40

6,168,600 14.70 30,570 13.53

Cleaners of vehicles and equipment..................................................................................................... 382,670 13.43 27,940 12.40

Laborers and freight, stock, and material movers, hand........................................................................ 2,953,170 15.45 32,130 14.19

Machine feeders and offbearers........................................................................................................... 63,280 15.87 33,010 14.99

Packers and packagers, hand............................................................................................................... 633,640 13.31 27,680 12.46

Stockers and order fillers...................................................................................................................... 2,135,850 14.26 29,660 13.16

26,420 25.87 53,820 25.11

Gas compressor and gas pumping station operators............................................................................ 3,440 30.15 62,710 31.81

Pump operators, except wellhead pumpers........................................................................................... 10,000 23.61 49,120 21.65

Wellhead pumpers................................................................................................................................ 12,970 26.48 55,080 26.46

121,330 19.90 41,400 18.19

11,620 22.88 47,580 20.36

28,240 17.56 36,530 15.28

3

 Represents a wage equal to or greater than $100.00 per hour.

Refuse and recyclable material collectors...................................................................................................

Other transportation workers..........................................................................................................................

Bridge and lock tenders.............................................................................................................................

Traffic technicians......................................................................................................................................

Transportation inspectors..........................................................................................................................

Passenger attendants................................................................................................................................

Material moving workers.................................................................................................................................

Conveyor operators and tenders................................................................................................................

Hoist and winch operators.........................................................................................................................

Pumping station operators.........................................................................................................................

Laborers and material movers...................................................................................................................

Industrial truck and tractor operators..........................................................................................................

Automotive and watercraft service attendants............................................................................................

Aircraft service attendants and transportation workers, all other................................................................

Crane and tower operators........................................................................................................................

Dredge operators.......................................................................................................................................

Parking attendants.....................................................................................................................................

1

 Annual wages have been calculated by multiplying the hourly mean wage by a "year-round, full-time" hours figure of 2,080 hours; for those 

occupations where there is not an hourly mean wage published, the annual wage has been directly calculated from the reported survey data.

2

 Wages for some occupations that do not generally work year-round, full time, are reported either as hourly wages or annual salaries depending on 

how they are typically paid.

Mean wages

Employment

Tank car, truck, and ship loaders...............................................................................................................

Material moving workers, all other..............................................................................................................

Ship and boat captains and operators........................................................................................................

Rail transportation workers, all other..........................................................................................................

Ship engineers...........................................................................................................................................

Railroad conductors and yardmasters........................................................................................................

Subway and streetcar operators................................................................................................................

Water transportation workers..........................................................................................................................

Sailors and marine oilers...........................................................................................................................

Passenger vehicle drivers..........................................................................................................................

Motor vehicle operators, all other...............................................................................................................

Rail transportation workers.............................................................................................................................

Locomotive engineers and operators.........................................................................................................

Railroad brake, signal, and switch operators and locomotive firers............................................................

Median 

hourly 

wages

Occupation

Table 1. National employment and wage data from the Occupational Employment Statistics survey by occupation, May 2019- Continued