Technical information:  (202) 691-6378       USDL 02-601
               http://www.bls.gov/cps/
                                             For release:  10:00 A.M. EDT
Media contact:               691-5902        Wednesday, October 23, 2002
                                     
                                     
                 COMPUTER AND INTERNET USE AT WORK IN 2001


   In September 2001, 72.3 million persons used a computer at work, the
Bureau of Labor Statistics of the U.S. Department of Labor reported today.
These workers accounted for 53.5 percent of total employment.  About 2 of
every 5 employed persons connected to the Internet or used e-mail on the
job.
   
   These findings are from a special supplement to the Current Population
Survey (CPS) in September 2001.  The CPS is a monthly household survey that
provides information on national employment and unemployment.  The Computer
Use Survey obtained information on computer and Internet or e-mail use at
home, school, and work, as well as on the use of the Internet for jobsearch.  
The data presented in this release pertain to computer and to Internet use 
at work and to jobsearch methods using the Internet.  (In the survey, res-
pondents were asked if they "connected to the Internet or used e-mail."  In 
this release, these two tasks will be collectively referred to as "Internet 
use.")  For further information about the survey, see the Technical Note.  
Some of the highlights from the 2001 data include:
     
   -- The proportion of workers who used a computer varied greatly by occupa-
      tion.  The computer-use rate for managers and professionals was about 
      80 percent, in contrast to only about 19 percent each for operators, 
      fabricators, and laborers and for farming, forestry, and fishing 
      occupations.
       
   -- Women were more likely to use a computer at work than men (59.9 percent 
      and 47.9 percent, respectively).  The proportion of women who used the 
      Internet (41.2 percent) also was higher than for men (36.0 percent).

   -- Whites were more likely than blacks or Hispanics to use a computer or 
      the Internet at work.

   -- The likelihood of computer or Internet use at work is much higher among 
      more educated workers.

   -- Of the 72.3 million workers who used a computer at work, the most com-
      monly reported task was using their computers to access the Internet or 
      use e-mail.
            
   -- About 1 in every 10 individuals in the civilian noninstitutional popu-
      lation age 16 and over said that they had used the Internet between 
      January and September 2001 to search for a job.  The most often used 
      Internet jobsearch methods were reading on-line ads and researching 
      information on potential employers.
     
Occupation and Industry

   There was a great deal of variation by occupation with regard to computer
and to Internet use on the job.  Computer and Internet use at work was most 
common among managerial and professional specialty occupations, with 
79.6 percent reporting that they used a computer at work and 65.8 percent 
using the Internet.  Technicians and related support occupations (which 
includes computer programmers) and administrative support occupations also 
had high rates of computer and of Internet use; about three-fourths of both 
groups said they used a computer at work and roughly half reported that they 
used the Internet.  In contrast, computer- and Internet-use rates (23.3 per-
cent and 11.9 percent, respectively) were very low for service workers, for 
operators, fabricators, and laborers (19.5 percent and 8.4 percent, respec-
tively), and for workers in farming, forestry, and fishing occupations 
(19.1 percent and 12.8 percent, respectively).  (See table 2.)
   
                                  - 2 -  

   Also, the use of computers and of the Internet varied among different
industries.  In private-sector industries, workers in the finance, insurance, 
and real estate industry had the highest rates of computer use (81.4 percent) 
and of Internet use (66.2 percent).  In contrast, computer- and Internet- 
use rates were lowest in the agriculture (22.6 percent and 12.2 percent, 
respectively) and construction (21.3 percent and 14.5 percent, respectively) 
industries.  (See table 2.)
   
   Workers in the public sector had above-average rates of computer and of
Internet use.  Among government workers, 67.2 percent used a computer on
the job and 52.5 percent used the Internet.  By comparison, the proportions
for all private-sector wage and salary workers were 51.2 percent and 
35.6 percent, respectively.  The higher rates of computer and of Internet 
use among government workers can be explained by their occupational makeup.
For example, nearly half of all government workers hold managerial and
professional specialty jobs, an occupational category that has very high
rates of computer and of Internet use.  In contrast, the proportion of 
private-sector wage and salary workers employed in managerial and profes-
sional occupations is much lower--about one-fourth.  (See table 2.)
   
Demographics
   
   Younger and older workers were least likely to use a computer or the
Internet on the job.  Among workers ages 16 to 24 years and ages 65 years
and over, roughly 1 in every 3 used a computer at work and only about 1 in
every 5 reported using the Internet on the job.  In contrast, over half of
the workers ages 25 to 64 years used a computer and about two-fifths used
the Internet on the job.  The likelihood of using a computer or of accessing 
the Internet was highest among workers ages 25 to 54 years; nearly three-
fifths of these workers used a computer on the job and over two-fifths used 
the Internet.  (See table 1.)
   
   Women were more likely than men to use a computer or the Internet.
Computer-use rates for women and men were 59.9 percent and 47.9 percent,
respectively; the Internet-use rate for women was 41.2 percent, compared
with 36.0 percent for men.  The higher rate of on-the-job computer use
among women is largely due to their concentration in occupations in which
computer use is most common.  For example, nearly three-fifths of women
hold managerial, professional, or administrative support jobs; the computer-
use rate for women in these three occupations combined was very high--
78.4 percent.  In contrast, about two-fifths of men are employed inprecision 
production, craft, and repair; operator, fabricator, and laborer; and 
farming occupations.  Among men, the combined computer-use rate in these 
three occupations was 23.1 percent, about 30 percentage points lower
than that for all workers.
   
   Computer use at work was more common among white workers (54.9 percent)
than black (43.2 percent) or Hispanic workers (32.0 percent).  With regard
to Internet use, 39.6 percent of whites used the Internet at work, compared
with 28.8 percent of blacks and only 19.8 percent of Hispanics.  (See 
table 1.)
   
   In terms of educational attainment, workers with more education were
much more likely than those with less education to use a computer or the
Internet at work.  For example, 84.2 percent of workers with advanced
degrees used a computer at work and 73.4 percent used the Internet.  At 
the other end of the educational spectrum, computer- and Internet-use rates 
for workers with less than a high school diploma were 16.2 percent and 
7.6 percent, respectively.  (See table 1.)

                                  - 3 -   

Computer Activity at Work
   
   Although there was a great deal of variation by worker characteristic,
the most common use for a computer at work was to access the Internet or to
use e-mail.  Of the 72.3 million workers who used a computer on the job,
71.8 percent said that they used the computer to connect to the Internet or
use e-mail.  Other common uses included word processing (67.0 percent),
working with spreadsheets or databases (62.3 percent), and calendar or
scheduling (52.9 percent).  Less commonly reported uses were graphics and
design (28.8 percent) and programming (15.2 percent).  (See table 3.)
   
   Men and women used computers at work for different tasks.  A higher
proportion of men than women reported using the computer to access the
Internet or use e-mail (75.1 percent compared with 68.8 percent).  Men 
also were more likely than women to use a computer for spreadsheets and
databases (64.9 percent compared with 59.9 percent), graphics and design
(32.0 percent compared with 25.8 percent), and computer programming 
(20.4 percent compared with 10.5 percent).  Women, however, were more likely 
than men to report using the computer to do word processing (69.4 percent
compared with 64.3 percent).  As mentioned previously, nearly three-fifths
of all women were employed as managers, professionals, or administrative
support workers; the proportion of workers in these three occupations that
used a computer to do word processing was very high--74.4 percent.  (See
tables 3 and 4.)
   
   In terms of occupation, workers in managerial and professional specialty
occupations, who had the highest rate of computer use on the job, reported
some of the highest proportions for specific uses of a computer.  For
example, 82.7 percent used a computer to access the Internet or use e-mail,
78.3 percent to use word processing, and 70.3 percent to use spreadsheets
or databases.  (See table 4.)
   
Jobsearch Activity Using the Internet
   
   In addition to questions on computer and on Internet or e-mail use at
work, the survey also gathered information on Internet jobsearch.  Res-
pondents were asked if they had used the Internet (at any location) to 
search for a job "that year" from January to September 2001.  About 
19.6 million individuals, or 9.2 percent of the civilian noninstitutional 
population ages 16 and over, reported using the Internet to search for a 
job.  Jobsearch rates using the Internet were highest for individuals in 
the 20-to-24 (17.4 percent), 25-to-34 (16.8 percent), and 35-to-44 
(11.0 percent) year-age groups.  (See table 5.)
   
   Men and women were about equally likely to have used the Internet to
search for a job--nearly 1 in every 10 reported using the Internet to search
for a job.  With regard to educational attainment, individuals with more
years of schooling were much more likely than those less educated to have
used the Internet to search for a job.  The Internet-jobsearch rate for
college graduates was 15.6 percent, in contrast to only 1.5 percent for
those with less than a high school diploma.  (See table 5.)
   
                                  - 4 -

   Table 6 shows data on jobsearch by occupation and industry.  The estimates 
shown in this table are limited to the experienced labor force--the sum of 
the employed and the unemployed whose last job was in one of these occupa-
tions or industries.  Of the 141.4 million individuals in this group in 
September 2001, 17.2 million, or 12.2 percent of the total, used the Internet 
to search for a job between January and September 2001.  As was the case for 
Internet use, individuals in managerial and professional specialty occupa-
tions had the highest rate of Internet jobsearch (16.9 percent).  Jobsearch 
rates for the other major occupations ranged from 14.3 percent for technical, 
sales, and administrative support to 4.1 percent for farming, forestry, and 
fishing.
   
   The most common Internet-jobsearch methods reported were reading on-line
ads or job listings (92.2 percent of Internet jobseekers) and researching
information on potential employers (68.5 percent).  The least common
methods used were posting a resume on a job listing site or with a service
(37.4 percent) and posting a resume on a personal website (4.8 percent).
This pattern of Internet jobsearch was essentially the same regardless of
demographic characteristic, occupation, or industry.  (See tables 5 and 6.)
   
   
Technical Note

   These data and other information on computer and Internet use were
obtained from a supplement to the September 2001 Current Population Survey
(CPS).  The CPS is a monthly sample survey of about 60,000 households
conducted by the U.S. Census Bureau for the Bureau of Labor Statistics
(BLS), principally to gather information on employment and unemployment.
Respondents to the September 2001 supplement answered questions about
computer and Internet use at home, school, and work in addition to other
information.  The data in this release cover the incidence of computer and
Internet use at work and jobsearch activity using the Internet.  The
National Telecommunications and Information Administration of the U.S.
Department of Commerce also analyzed data on computer and Internet use
collected from the September 2001 CPS supplement.  For more information,
see A Nation Online:  How Americans Are Expanding Their Use of the
Internet, National Telecommunications and Information Administration,
February 2002, available on the Internet at http://www.ntia.doc.gov/
ntiahome/dn/index.html.  Since 1984, surveys of computer (and later) 
Internet use have been conducted periodically by the Census Bureau.  
However, because of comparability issues, data in this release pertain 
only to the September 2001 supplement.
   
   Information in this release will be made available to sensory impaired
individuals upon request.  Voice phone:  202-691-5200; TDD message referral
phone number:  1-800-877-8339.
   
Reliability of the estimates
   
   Statistics based on the CPS are subject to both sampling and nonsampling
error.  When a sample, rather than the entire population, is surveyed,
there is a chance that the sample estimates may differ from the "true"
population values they represent.  The exact difference, or sampling error,
varies depending on the particular sample selected, and this variability is
measured by the standard error of the estimate.  There is about a 90-percent 
chance, or level of confidence, that an estimate based on a sample will 
differ by no more than 1.6 standard errors from the "true" population value 
because of sampling error.  BLS analyses are generally conducted at the 
90-percent level of confidence.
   
   The CPS data also are affected by nonsampling error.  Nonsampling error
can occur for many reasons, including the failure to sample a segment of
the population, inability to obtain information for all respondents in the
sample, inability or unwillingness of respondents to provide correct
information, and errors made in the collection or processing of the data.
   
   For a full discussion of the reliability of data from the CPS and for
information on estimating standard errors, see the "Explanatory Notes and
Estimates of Error" section of Employment and Earnings.
   
Concepts
   
   Data discussed in this release on computer and Internet use at work and
jobsearch using the Internet were obtained from the following questions:
   
Do you use a computer at your main job?
    1.   Yes
    2.   No
     
At your main job, what do you do on the computer?   
   
Do you do word processing or desktop publishing?
    1.   Yes
    2.   No
   
Do you connect to the Internet or use e-mail?
    1.   Yes
    2.   No
(Respondents who answer "yes" to this question are considered to be
Internet users at work.)
   
Do you use a calendar or do scheduling on the computer?
    1.   Yes
    2.   No
   
Do you use spreadsheets or databases?
    1.   Yes
    2.   No
     
Do you do graphics and design?
    1.   Yes
    2.   No
     
Do you do programming?
    1.   Yes
    2.   No
     
Do you use your work computer for any other purpose?
    1.   Yes
    2.   No
   
   The following questions on jobsearch using the Internet were asked of
all individuals in the survey who said they used the Internet.
   
This year, have you used the Internet to search for a job?
    1.   Yes
    2.   No
     
("This year" refers to January to September 2001.)
     
How did you use the Internet to search for a job?  
   
Did you read on-line job ads or search on-line job listings?
    1.   Yes
    2.   No
   
Did you research information about potential employers?
    1.   Yes
    2.   No
     
Did you submit a resume or application to an employer on-line?
    1.   Yes
    2.   No
     
Did you post a resume on a job listing site or with a service on-line?
    1.   Yes
    2.   No
     
Did you post a resume on your own website?
    1.   Yes
    2.   No
     
Did you do anything else to search for a job on-line?
    1.   Yes
    2.   No

Internet jobsearch
   
   The above questions on Internet jobsearch were asked of all Internet
users in September 2001.  The Internet jobsearch questions in the supplement 
are different from the jobsearch questions that are asked in the basic labor 
force section of the CPS and that are used in the classification of unemploy-
ment.  The supplement questions on Internet jobsearch cannot be used to 
determine the official classification of unemployment for several reasons.  
In the basic CPS, jobsearch questions are not asked of persons with jobs, 
while the Internet jobsearch questions were asked of all Internet users, 
including employed persons.  Also, in the basic CPS, jobsearch among the 
unemployed must have occurred within the 4 weeks prior to the survey col-
lection, but the Internet jobsearch activity could have occurred at any time 
from January to September 2001.  Moreover, there is no information about 
respondents' labor force status during this longer reference period.  Finally, 
in the basic CPS, jobsearch methods are divided into active and passive; 
only active methods--those that can lead to a job offer--classify a person 
as unemployed.  The Internet jobsearch methods in the supplement are not 
restricted to active methods.  For example, reading job ads or listings on-
line and researching information on potential employers are not considered 
to be active jobsearch methods in the basic CPS.  However, tables 5 and 6 
showing Internet jobsearch activity display both passive as well as active 
jobsearch methods.  Jobsearch activity as measured in the basic CPS may or 
may not have involved the Internet.
      
   


     Table 1.  Employed persons who used a computer or the Internet at work by selected
     characteristics, September 2001
     
     (Numbers in thousands)
                                                                                               
                                                                                               
                                                          Used a computer    Used the Internet 
                                                              at work             at work      
                                                Total                                          
                  Characteristic               employed                                        
                                                                   Percent             Percent 
                                                          Total       of      Total       of   
                                                                   employed            employed
                                                                                                                                                                                              
                   Age and sex                                                                 
                                                                                               
           Total, 16 years and over..........  135,089    72,277     53.5     51,929     38.4  
       16 to 24 years........................   20,024     7,087     35.4      3,973     19.8  
         16 to 19 years......................    6,633     1,532     23.1        565      8.5  
         20 to 24 years......................   13,391     5,555     41.5      3,408     25.4  
       25 years and over.....................  115,065    65,190     56.7     47,956     41.7  
         25 to 34 years......................   29,638    17,038     57.5     12,739     43.0  
         35 to 44 years......................   35,881    20,909     58.3     15,410     42.9  
         45 to 54 years......................   30,831    18,075     58.6     13,387     43.4  
         55 to 64 years......................   14,293     7,681     53.7      5,495     38.4  
         65 years and over...................    4,423     1,488     33.6        925     20.9  
                                                                                               
       Men...................................   72,306    34,663     47.9     26,040     36.0  
       Women.................................   62,784    37,614     59.9     25,889     41.2  
                                                                                               
             Race and Hispanic origin                                                          
                                                                                               
       White.................................  113,130    62,063     54.9     44,746     39.6  
       Black.................................   15,367     6,635     43.2      4,433     28.8  
       Hispanic origin.......................   14,848     4,754     32.0      2,933     19.8  
                                                                                               
            Full- or part-time status                                                          
                                                                                               
       Usually full time on primary job......  102,228    58,918     57.6     43,578     42.6  
       Usually part time on primary job......   21,265     8,414     39.6      4,854     22.8  
       Hours vary on primary job.............   11,596     4,945     42.6      3,497     30.2  
                                                                                               
              Educational attainment                                                           
                                                                                               
         Total, 25 years and over............  115,065    65,190     56.7     47,956     41.7  
       Less than a high school diploma.......   11,275     1,831     16.2        859      7.6  
       High school graduate, no college......   35,220    14,227     40.4      8,518     24.2  
       Some college, no degree...............   21,319    12,565     58.9      8,679     40.7  
       Associate degree......................   11,154     7,013     62.9      4,725     42.4  
       College degree........................   36,096    29,553     81.9     25,176     69.7  
         Advanced degree.....................   12,695    10,685     84.2      9,316     73.4  



         NOTE:  Data refer to computer or Internet use on the sole or primary job.  Detail for
     the above race and Hispanic-origin groups will not sum to totals because data for the
     "other races" group are not presented and Hispanics are included in both the white and
     black population groups.  Internet use at work refers to either connecting to the Internet 
     or using e-mail.
        
   



     Table 2.  Employed persons who used a computer or the Internet at work by occupation and industry, 
     September 2001
     
     (Numbers in thousands)
                                                                                                                   
                                                                                                                   
                                                                              Used a computer    Used the Internet 
                                                                                  at work             at work      
                                                                    Total                                          
                       Occupation and industry                     employed                                        
                                                                                       Percent             Percent 
                                                                              Total       of      Total       of   
                                                                                       employed            employed
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      
                              Occupation                                                                           
                                                                                                                   
         Total, 16 years and over................................  135,089    72,277     53.5     51,929     38.4  
     Managerial and professional specialty.......................   41,936    33,374     79.6     27,607     65.8  
       Executive, administrative, and managerial.................   20,279    16,297     80.4     13,616     67.1  
       Professional specialty....................................   21,657    17,077     78.9     13,990     64.6  
     Technical, sales, and administrative support................   38,761    26,056     67.2     17,539     45.3  
       Technicians and related support...........................    4,617     3,462     75.0      2,439     52.8  
       Sales occupations.........................................   15,905     9,173     57.7      6,360     40.0  
       Administrative support, including clerical................   18,238    13,421     73.6      8,741     47.9  
     Service occupations.........................................   18,279     4,259     23.3      2,175     11.9  
     Precision production, craft, and repair.....................   14,850     4,447     29.9      2,662     17.9  
     Operators, fabricators, and laborers........................   17,737     3,465     19.5      1,493      8.4  
     Farming, forestry, and fishing..............................    3,527       675     19.1        453     12.8  
                                                                                                                   
                               Industry                                                                            
                                                                                                                   
         Total, 16 years and over(1).............................  135,089    72,277     53.5     51,929     38.4  
     Private wage and salary workers.............................  101,187    51,764     51.2     36,015     35.6  
       Agriculture...............................................    1,779       401     22.6        218     12.2  
       Nonagricultural industries................................   99,408    51,362     51.7     35,798     36.0  
         Mining..................................................      529       233     44.1        173     32.7  
         Construction............................................    7,242     1,544     21.3      1,053     14.5  
         Manufacturing...........................................   17,364     8,787     50.6      6,454     37.2  
           Durable goods.........................................   10,687     5,450     51.0      4,020     37.6  
           Nondurable goods......................................    6,678     3,337     50.0      2,434     36.5  
         Transportation and public utilities.....................    7,470     4,179     55.9      3,052     40.9  
         Wholesale trade.........................................    4,322     2,467     57.1      1,865     43.2  
         Retail trade............................................   20,758     7,815     37.6      3,814     18.4  
         Finance, insurance, and real estate.....................    7,514     6,114     81.4      4,971     66.2  
         Services(2).............................................   34,155    20,209     59.2     14,403     42.2  
           Business, automobile, and repair services.............    7,976     4,772     59.8      3,676     46.1  
           Personal services, except private households..........    2,784       985     35.4        571     20.5  
           Entertainment and recreation services.................    1,951       861     44.1        566     29.0  
           Professional services.................................   20,672    13,517     65.4      9,536     46.1  
     Government workers..........................................   19,264    12,945     67.2     10,108     52.5  
       Federal...................................................    3,383     2,262     66.9      1,822     53.9  
       State.....................................................    5,631     4,016     71.3      3,269     58.0  
       Local.....................................................   10,249     6,667     65.0      5,017     48.9  
     Self-employed workers.......................................   14,516     7,500     51.7      5,758     39.7  

       1 Includes unpaid family workers, not shown separately.
       2 Includes other industries, not shown separately.
       NOTE:  Data refer to computer or Internet use on the sole or primary job.  Internet use at work refers to either
       connecting to the internet or using e-mail.
          
   



     Table 3.  Type of computer activity at work by selected characteristics, September 2001
                                                                                                                             
                                                                                                                             
                                               Employed                    Percent who used a computer for:                  
                                               persons                                                                       
                                               who used                                                                      
                                                  a        Word                                                              
                  Characteristic               computer  process-            Calendar  Spread-                        Other  
                                               at work   ing or    Internet     or    sheets or  Graphics  Program-   activ-
                                              (in thou-  desktop  or e-mail   sched-  databases or design    ming     ities   
                                                sands)   publish-             uling                                            
                                                          ing                                                               
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          
                   Age and sex                                                                                               
                                                                                                                             
           Total, 16 years and over..........   72,277     67.0      71.8      52.9      62.3      28.8      15.2      13.1  
       16 to 24 years........................    7,087     53.6      56.1      45.6      52.2      20.8      12.2      14.3  
         16 to 19 years......................    1,532     39.8      36.9      32.1      35.7      12.8       7.4      19.6  
         20 to 24 years......................    5,555     57.4      61.3      49.3      56.7      22.9      13.6      12.8  
       25 years and over.....................   65,190     68.4      73.6      53.7      63.4      29.7      15.6      12.9  
         25 to 34 years......................   17,038     68.8      74.8      56.3      66.4      30.0      17.6      12.6  
         35 to 44 years......................   20,909     68.8      73.7      55.5      65.2      31.3      16.9      12.0  
         45 to 54 years......................   18,075     69.4      74.1      53.5      62.3      29.9      13.5      13.7  
         55 to 64 years......................    7,681     66.4      71.5      47.0      57.5      25.5      12.9      13.8  
         65 years and over...................    1,488     58.0      62.2      37.2      47.2      20.6      12.1      16.6  
                                                                                                                             
       Men...................................   34,663     64.3      75.1      55.2      64.9      32.0      20.4      13.0  
       Women.................................   37,614     69.4      68.8      50.9      59.9      25.8      10.5      13.1  
                                                                                                                             
             Race and Hispanic origin                                                                                        
                                                                                                                             
       White.................................   62,063     67.4      72.1      52.7      62.7      28.9      14.7      13.2  
       Black.................................    6,635     62.6      66.8      53.9      56.9      26.1      15.8      13.0  
       Hispanic origin.......................    4,754     64.0      61.7      49.7      57.9      22.8      12.7      11.9  
                                                                                                                             
            Full- or part-time status                                                                                        
                                                                                                                             
       Usually full time on primary job......   58,918     68.4      74.0      55.2      64.3      29.6      16.2      12.7  
       Usually part time on primary job......    8,414     59.7      57.7      39.2      49.8      22.8       9.1      16.0  
       Hours vary on primary job.............    4,945     62.7      70.7      49.6      59.5      29.1      14.0      12.1  
                                                                                                                             
              Educational attainment                                                                                         
                                                                                                                             
         Total, 25 years and over............   65,190     68.4      73.6      53.7      63.4      29.7      15.6      12.9  
       Less than a high school diploma.......    1,831     45.5      46.9      40.7      45.7      15.5      11.3      19.2  
       High school graduate, no college......   14,227     55.2      59.9      46.2      53.8      19.9      11.6      14.5  
       Some college, no degree...............   12,565     64.1      69.1      51.1      60.6      26.5      14.0      13.4  
       Associate degree......................    7,013     61.6      67.4      51.2      58.2      25.9      14.9      14.9  
       College degree........................   29,553     79.6      85.2      59.9      71.5      37.4      18.6      11.1  
         Advanced degree.....................   10,685     83.8      87.2      60.0      70.0      38.4      18.7      11.3  

         NOTE:  Data refer to computer use on the sole or primary job.  The percentage of persons who used computers for
     various activities may exceed 100 percent as persons may report multiple activities.  Detail for the above race and
     Hispanic-origin groups will not sum to totals because data for the "other races" group are not presented and Hispanics
     are included in both the white and black population groups.  
        
   







     Table 4.  Type of computer activity at work by occupation and industry, September 2001
                                                                                                                             
                                                                                                                             
                                               Employed                    Percent who used a computer for:                  
                                               persons                                                                       
                                               who used                                                                      
                                                  a        Word                                                              
             Occupation and industry           computer  process-            Calendar  Spread-                        Other  
                                               at work   ing or    Internet     or    sheets or  Graphics  Program-   activ-   
                                              (in thou-  desktop  or e-mail   sched-  databases or design    ming     ities   
                                                sands)   publish-             uling                                           
                                                           ing                                                               
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          
                    Occupation                                                                                               
                                                                                                                             
         Total, 16 years and over............   72,277     67.0      71.8      52.9      62.3      28.8      15.2      13.1  
     Managerial and professional specialty...   33,374     78.3      82.7      60.8      70.3      37.2      18.6      11.0  
       Executive, administrative, and                                                                                        
        managerial...........................   16,297     79.0      83.5      65.3      76.9      34.4      16.6       9.4  
       Professional specialty................   17,077     77.6      81.9      56.5      63.9      39.9      20.5      12.5  
     Technical, sales, and administrative                                                                                    
        support..............................   26,056     62.6      67.3      48.4      59.7      22.5      12.4      13.2  
       Technicians and related support.......    3,462     58.5      70.4      52.3      59.3      29.5      27.0      14.3  
       Sales occupations.....................    9,173     59.9      69.3      48.6      60.1      25.6      11.1      14.5  
       Administrative support, including                                                                                     
        clerical.............................   13,421     65.6      65.1      47.2      59.6      18.5       9.6      11.9  
     Service occupations.....................    4,259     52.6      51.1      45.7      43.8      17.2       8.9      18.2  
     Precision production, craft, and repair.    4,447     46.5      59.9      45.4      51.7      23.7      17.4      17.4  
     Operators, fabricators, and laborers....    3,465     35.7      43.1      32.4      41.2      17.1       9.5      20.8  
     Farming, forestry, and fishing..........      675     60.9      67.1      43.7      61.3      21.7      10.6      12.5  
                                                                                                                             
                     Industry                                                                                                
                                                                                                                             
         Total, 16 years and over(1).........   72,277     67.0      71.8      52.9      62.3      28.8      15.2      13.1  
     Private wage and salary workers.........   51,764     63.4      69.6      53.6      62.1      26.6      15.4      13.3  
       Agriculture...........................      401     58.0      54.2      47.7      65.6      18.2       8.3      15.6  
       Nonagricultural industries............   51,362     63.5      69.7      53.7      62.1      26.7      15.5      13.3  
         Mining..............................      233     63.5      74.1      54.7      76.1      28.1      20.1       8.9  
         Construction........................    1,544     65.1      68.2      56.5      67.1      31.1      18.2      11.5  
         Manufacturing.......................    8,787     63.9      73.4      54.2      67.0      34.2      20.0      12.0  
           Durable goods.....................    5,450     62.2      73.8      54.8      67.4      35.1      23.1      12.9  
           Nondurable goods..................    3,337     66.7      72.9      53.4      66.3      32.8      15.0      10.5  
         Transportation and public utilities.    4,179     56.7      73.0      56.1      63.3      24.0      15.7      13.6  
         Wholesale trade.....................    2,467     63.9      75.6      52.8      66.2      25.0      14.0      13.6  
         Retail trade........................    7,815     44.4      48.8      41.7      48.3      17.0       9.3      19.2  
         Finance, insurance, and real estate.    6,114     73.1      81.3      58.6      69.8      24.5      14.5      10.3  
         Services(2).........................   20,209     68.9      71.3      55.9      61.6      28.3      16.0      12.6  
           Business, automobile, and repair                                                                                  
             services........................    4,772     65.6      77.0      59.9      68.5      33.2      27.9      12.0  
           Personal services, except private                                                                                 
             households......................      985     58.2      58.0      55.6      56.5      20.1       9.3      14.1  
           Entertainment and recreation                                                                                      
             services........................      861     62.2      65.8      51.9      57.4      31.2      14.0      12.7  
           Professional services.............   13,517     71.3      70.5      54.9      60.1      27.0      12.5      12.6  
     Government workers......................   12,945     77.9      78.1      53.8      62.5      32.4      14.5      12.2  
       Federal...............................    2,262     74.3      80.6      56.6      64.0      30.1      17.0      11.5  
       State.................................    4,016     79.2      81.4      55.8      66.2      33.7      16.7      12.3  
       Local.................................    6,667     78.2      75.2      51.7      59.7      32.3      12.2      12.3  
     Self-employed workers...................    7,500     72.6      76.8      46.9      63.1      37.5      15.6      13.0  

       1 Includes unpaid family workers, not shown separately.
       2 Includes other industries, not shown separately.
       NOTE:  Data refer to computer or Internet use on the sole or primary job.  The percentage of persons who use
     computers for various activities may exceed 100 percent as persons may report multiple activities.

         



 Table 5.  Job search activity(1) using the Internet by selected characteristics, September 2001
 
 (Numbers in thousands)
                                                                                                                                
                                                                                                                                
                                                Total civilian         Job search activity of persons who used the Internet to  
                                               noninstitutional                      search for a job (percent)                 
                                                  population                                                                    
                                                                                                                                
                                                                                                                                
              Characteristic                                           Read                         Posted a                    
                                                  Total who          on-line  Researched Submitted resume on  Posted a          
                                                   used the Percent   ads or   informa-   a resume   a job   resume on   Other  
                                           Total   Internet    of    searched  tion on       or     listing   own Web    activ-   
                                                  to search  total   on-line   potential  applica-  site or     site     ities   
                                                  for a job            job     employers    tion     with a                     
                                                                     listings                       service                     
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                
               Age and sex                                                                                                      
                                                                                                                                
       Total, 16 years and over.......... 212,357   19,616     9.2     92.0       67.4      49.5      36.7       4.8       3.7  
   16 to 24 years........................  35,195    4,415    12.5     92.3       63.2      45.9      35.6       4.8       2.7  
     16 to 19 years......................  16,206    1,108     6.8     91.5       54.1      34.0      26.3       3.0       1.7  
     20 to 24 years......................  18,990    3,308    17.4     92.5       66.2      49.9      38.7       5.4       3.0  
   25 years and over..................... 177,162   15,201     8.6     91.9       68.7      50.5      37.0       4.8       3.9  
     25 to 34 years......................  37,032    6,238    16.8     92.3       70.7      52.9      42.2       5.5       3.5  
     35 to 44 years......................  44,318    4,890    11.0     91.9       68.6      50.4      35.4       4.4       3.8  
     45 to 54 years......................  38,642    3,051     7.9     91.3       66.2      48.9      32.5       4.3       4.4  
     55 to 64 years......................  24,328      877     3.6     89.9       67.4      41.3      26.9       2.7       5.4  
     65 years and over...................  32,842      145      .4     94.1       46.5      43.2      24.6       6.6      10.0  
                                                                                                                                
   Men................................... 102,110    9,700     9.5     91.5       71.5      53.4      40.5       5.9       3.8  
   Women................................. 110,247    9,916     9.0     92.5       63.4      45.6      33.0       3.6       3.6  
                                                                                                                                
         Race and Hispanic origin                                                                                               
                                                                                                                                
   White................................. 176,220   16,018     9.1     91.9       67.1      48.2      35.1       4.5       3.8  
   Black.................................  25,644    2,396     9.3     92.3       67.1      52.9      41.5       5.5       3.2  
   Hispanic origin.......................  23,288    1,377     5.9     89.2       67.7      47.0      36.6       5.8       2.4  
                                                                                                                                
          Educational attainment                                                                                                
                                                                                                                                
     Total, 25 years and over............ 177,162   15,201     8.6     91.9       68.7      50.5      37.0       4.8       3.9  
   Less than a high school diploma.......  27,484      402     1.5     88.8       58.2      38.9      30.3       4.6       1.9  
   High school graduate, no college......  57,386    2,812     4.9     90.9       59.2      42.0      31.7       3.3       3.1  
   Some college, no degree...............  30,641    3,029     9.9     92.2       63.1      48.2      34.7       3.8       3.1  
   Associate degree......................  14,779    1,667    11.3     93.7       65.4      48.3      34.7       4.7       3.7  
   College degree........................  46,872    7,291    15.6     91.9       76.0      55.9      40.8       5.7       4.8  
     Advanced degree.....................  16,283    2,390    14.7     91.6       77.8      55.6      39.3       6.4       4.8  

   1 Refers to use of the Internet to search for a job "this year," that is, from January to September 2001.
   NOTE:  The percentage of persons performing each activity may exceed 100 percent as persons may perform more than one
 activity.  Detail for the above race and Hispanic-origin groups will not sum to totals because data for the "other races" group
 are not presented and Hispanics are included in both the white and black population groups.  
   
   



 Table 6.  Job search activity(1) using the Internet by occupation and industry, September 2001
 
 (Numbers in thousands)
                                                                                                                                
                                                                                                                                
                                           Experienced labor force     Job search activity of persons who used the Internet to  
                                                                                     search for a job (percent)                 
                                                                                                                                
                                                                                                                                
                                                                       Read                         Posted a                    
         Occupation and industry                  Total who          on-line  Researched Submitted resume on  Posted a          
                                                   used the Percent   ads or   informa-   a resume   a job   resume on   Other  
                                           Total   Internet    of    searched  tion on       or     listing   own Web    activ-       
                                                  to search  total   on-line   potential  applica-  site or     site     ities   
                                                  for a job            job     employers    tion     with a                     
                                                                     listings                       service                     
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                
                Occupation                                                                                                      
                                                                                                                                
     Total, 16 years and over............ 141,447   17,235    12.2     92.2       68.5      50.7      37.4       4.8       3.8  
 Managerial and professional specialty...  43,058    7,258    16.9     92.8       74.3      56.0      40.1       5.9       4.8  
   Executive, administrative, and                                                                                               
    managerial...........................  20,851    3,484    16.7     93.4       75.3      58.3      42.1       4.8       4.9  
   Professional specialty................  22,206    3,775    17.0     92.4       73.3      53.9      38.2       6.9       4.7  
 Technical, sales, and administrative                                                                                           
    support..............................  40,521    5,809    14.3     92.7       65.7      50.8      38.1       4.3       3.3  
   Technicians and related support.......   4,784      868    18.1     90.1       72.6      54.8      42.4       6.0       2.7  
   Sales occupations.....................  16,709    2,151    12.9     94.5       71.2      54.0      40.5       4.8       3.6  
   Administrative support, including                                                                                            
    clerical.............................  19,028    2,790    14.7     92.1       59.3      47.0      34.9       3.3       3.3  
 Service occupations.....................  19,541    1,477     7.6     90.1       59.4      37.9      29.7       4.0       3.2  
 Precision production, craft, and repair.  15,528    1,172     7.5     89.7       65.5      45.3      35.4       2.9       3.0  
 Operators, fabricators, and laborers....  19,082    1,361     7.1     91.0       62.6      42.0      32.9       4.4       1.4  
 Farming, forestry, and fishing..........   3,705      152     4.1     87.5       62.8      37.1      19.9       2.2       2.5  
                                                                                                                                
                 Industry                                                                                                       
                                                                                                                                
     Total, 16 years and over(2)......... 141,447   17,235    12.2     92.2       68.5      50.7      37.4       4.8       3.8  
 Private wage and salary workers......... 106,847   13,819    12.9     92.7       69.7      52.0      38.8       4.7       3.7  
   Agriculture...........................   1,895      123     6.5     89.2       66.7      51.3      27.8       2.5       5.5  
   Nonagricultural industries............ 104,951   13,697    13.1     92.7       69.8      52.0      38.9       4.7       3.7  
     Mining..............................     554       52     9.4     98.1       62.3      35.0      11.2       6.1       -    
     Construction........................   7,747      548     7.1     88.3       64.2      44.9      29.2       5.0       1.6  
     Manufacturing.......................  18,412    2,216    12.0     93.2       72.2      53.9      39.8       4.6       4.0  
       Durable goods.....................  11,348    1,454    12.8     92.9       74.4      57.1      41.0       4.8       5.0  
       Nondurable goods..................   7,064      763    10.8     93.7       68.0      47.7      37.7       4.1       2.0  
     Transportation and public utilities.   7,784    1,069    13.7     91.0       70.2      53.2      41.8       6.9       3.4  
     Wholesale trade.....................   4,549      618    13.6     94.7       68.2      55.1      40.4       4.6       5.0  
     Retail trade........................  22,123    2,348    10.6     93.8       64.1      47.2      36.3       4.7       2.4  
     Finance, insurance, and real estate.   7,753    1,307    16.9     92.3       71.6      56.2      42.0       4.7       4.1  
     Services(3).........................  35,971    5,537    15.4     92.7       71.5      52.6      39.4       4.4       4.1  
       Business, automobile, and repair                                                                                         
         services........................   8,727    1,739    19.9     94.0       78.6      63.5      49.5       7.0       4.1  
       Personal services, except private                                                                                        
         households..... ......... ......   2,995      324    10.8     91.7       59.8      48.7      35.0       3.6       5.6  
       Entertainment and recreation                                                                                             
         services........................   2,157      323    15.0     87.7       71.2      45.8      32.8       2.6       4.9  
       Professional services.............  21,278    3,097    14.6     92.7       68.8      48.4      35.3       3.2       4.0  
 Government workers......................  19,697    2,524    12.8     90.9       61.4      43.8      29.1       3.9       3.4  
   Federal...............................   3,495      480    13.7     91.7       55.0      46.0      30.7       2.3       3.5  
   State.................................   5,760      891    15.5     90.6       60.8      43.3      28.2       5.1       3.5  
   Local.................................  10,443    1,153    11.0     90.9       64.5      43.2      29.1       3.8       3.2  
 Self-employed workers...................  14,778      889     6.0     87.6       69.7      49.4      40.0       9.4       6.0  

   1 Refers to use of the internet to search for a job "this year," that is, from January to September 2001.
   2 Includes unpaid family workers, not shown separately.
   3 Includes other industries, not shown separately.
   NOTE:  Data refer to computer or Internet use on the sole or primary job.  Dash represents zero.