Bureau of Labor Statistics Washington, D.C. 20212

Technical information:

Employment: (202) 691-6559 USDL 08-1772

http://www.bls.gov/sae/

Unemployment: (202) 691-6392

http://www.bls.gov/lau/ For release: 10:00 A.M. (EST)

Media contact: (202) 691-5902 Tuesday, December 2, 2008

METROPOLITAN AREA EMPLOYMENT AND UNEMPLOYMENT: OCTOBER 2008

Unemployment rates were higher in October than a year earlier in 361 of the 369 metropolitan areas 

and lower in 8 areas, the Bureau of Labor Statistics of the U.S. Department of Labor reported today. 

Thirteen areas recorded jobless rates of at least 10.0 percent, while 11 areas registered rates below 3.0 

percent. The national unemployment rate in October was 6.1 percent, not seasonally adjusted, up from 

4.4 percent a year earlier.

Metropolitan Area Unemployment (Not Seasonally Adjusted)

In October, 98 metropolitan areas reported jobless rates of at least 7.0 percent, up from 16 areas a 

year earlier, while 43 areas posted rates below 4.0 percent, down from 151 areas in October 2007. El 

Centro, Calif., and neighboring Yuma, Ariz., continued to record the highest unemployment rates, 27.6 

and 19.5 percent, respectively. Bismarck, N.D., registered the lowest jobless rate, 2.2 percent, followed 

by Logan, Utah-Idaho, at 2.4 percent. Overall, 148 areas posted unemployment rates above the U.S. 

figure of 6.1 percent, 216 areas reported rates below it, and 5 areas had the same rate. (See table 1 and 

the map.)

El Centro, Calif., recorded the largest jobless rate increase from October 2007 (+6.8 percentage 

points), followed by Elkhart-Goshen, Ind. (+6.3 points). An additional 31 areas registered over-the-year 

unemployment rate increases of 3.0 percentage points or more, and another 92 areas had rate increases 

of 2.0 to 2.9 points. Jonesboro, Ark., experienced the largest jobless rate decrease from a year earlier 

(-0.6 percentage point). Fort Smith, Ark.-Okla., and Morgantown, W.Va., reported the next largest rate 

decreases (-0.4 percentage point each).

Of the 49 metropolitan areas with a Census 2000 population of 1 million or more, Riverside-San 

Bernardino-Ontario, Calif., reported the highest unemployment rate in October, 9.5 percent. Eight 

additional large areas posted rates of 7.0 percent or more. The large area with the lowest jobless rate in 

October was Washington-Arlington-Alexandria, D.C.-Va.-Md.-W.Va., 4.1 percent. Oklahoma City, 

Okla., had the next lowest rate, 4.2 percent. All 49 large areas registered higher unemployment rates 

than in October 2007. The areas with the largest jobless rate increases from a year earlier were Providence-Fall River-Warwick, R.I.-Mass. (+3.8 percentage points), and Riverside-San Bernardino-Ontario, 

Calif. (+3.2 points). Fourteen additional large areas recorded over-the-year unemployment rate increases of 2.0 percentage points or more, and 29 other areas had rate increases of at least 1.0 point.

News United States

Department 

of Labor
2

Metropolitan Division Unemployment (Not Seasonally Adjusted)

Eleven of the most populous metropolitan areas are composed of 34 metropolitan divisions, which 

are essentially separately identifiable employment centers. In October, Detroit-Livonia-Dearborn, 

Mich., again registered the highest division jobless rate, 10.1 percent, followed by Los Angeles-Long 

Beach-Glendale, Calif., at 8.2 percent, and Lawrence-Methuen-Salem, Mass.-N.H., at 8.1 percent. 

Bethesda-Frederick-Gaithersburg, Md., continued to report the lowest unemployment rate among the 

divisions, 3.7 percent. Nashua, N.H.-Mass., posted the next lowest rate, 3.8 percent. (See table 2.)

In October, all 34 metropolitan divisions again recorded over-the-year jobless rate increases. Los 

Angeles-Long Beach-Glendale, Calif., experienced the largest rate increase (+3.2 percentage points). 

West Palm Beach-Boca Raton-Boynton Beach, Fla., registered the next largest unemployment rate 

increase (+2.7 percentage points). Six additional divisions reported over-the-year rate increases of 2.0 

percentage points or more.

In 7 of the 11 metropolitan areas that contain divisions, the ranges between the highest and lowest 

division jobless rates were 1.0 percentage point or more in October. Boston-Cambridge-Quincy, Mass.-

N.H., posted the largest rate difference among its divisions, 4.3 percentage points (Lawrence-MethuenSalem, Mass.-N.H., 8.1 percent, compared with Nashua, N.H.-Mass., 3.8 percent).

Metropolitan Area Nonfarm Employment (Not Seasonally Adjusted)

Among the 310 metropolitan areas for which nonfarm payroll data were available in October 2008, 

125 metropolitan areas reported over-the-year employment gains, 169 reported losses, and 16 had no 

change. The largest over-the-year employment increase was recorded in Houston-Sugar Land-Baytown, 

Texas (+52,300), followed by Dallas-Fort Worth-Arlington, Texas (+50,000), Washington-ArlingtonAlexandria, D.C.-Va.-Md.-W.Va. (+35,700), and San Antonio, Texas (+17,900). The largest over-theyear percentage gain in employment was reported in Grand Junction, Colo. (+3.9 percent), followed by 

McAllen-Edinburg-Mission, Texas (+3.6 percent), Laredo, Texas (+3.2 percent), and College StationBryan, Texas (+2.6 percent). (See table 3.)

The largest over-the-year decreases in employment occurred in Detroit-Warren-Livonia, Mich. 

(-55,700), Los Angeles-Long Beach-Santa Ana, Calif. (-50,600), Phoenix-Mesa-Scottsdale, Ariz. 

(-49,300), Atlanta-Sandy Springs-Marietta, Ga. (-44,800), and Miami-Fort Lauderdale-Pompano Beach, 

Fla. (-40,500). The largest over-the-year percentage decreases in employment were reported in Lake 

Havasu City-Kingman, Ariz. (-6.1 percent), Flint, Mich. (-5.7 percent), Elkhart-Goshen, Ind. (-4.5 percent), Dalton, Ga. (-3.7 percent), and Cape Coral-Fort Myers, Fla., and St. George, Utah (-3.5 percent 

each).

Over the year, nonfarm employment rose in 16 of the 38 metropolitan areas with annual average 

employment levels above 750,000 in 2007. The largest over-the-year percentage increase in employment was posted in San Antonio, Texas (+2.1 percent), followed by Houston-Sugar Land-Baytown, 

Texas (+2.0 percent), Austin-Round Rock, Texas (+1.9 percent), Virginia Beach-Norfolk-Newport 

News, Va.-N.C. (+1.8 percent), and Dallas-Fort Worth-Arlington, Texas (+1.7 percent). Among the 

large areas, the largest over-the-year percentage decreases in employment were recorded in DetroitWarren-Livonia, Mich. (-2.8 percent), Phoenix-Mesa-Scottsdale, Ariz. (-2.6 percent), and AtlantaSandy Springs-Marietta, Ga., and Riverside-San Bernardino-Ontario, Calif. (-1.8 percent each).
3

Metropolitan Division Nonfarm Employment (Not Seasonally Adjusted)

Nonfarm payroll employment data were available in October 2008 for 32 metropolitan divisions, 

which are essentially separately identifiable employment centers within a metropolitan area. Thirteen of 

the 32 metropolitan divisions reported over-the-year employment gains while 18 reported losses and one 

had no change. The largest over-the-year employment gain in the metropolitan divisions occurred in 

Dallas-Plano-Irving, Texas (+34,800), followed by Washington-Arlington-Alexandria, D.C.-Va.-Md.-

W.Va. (+30,900), Fort Worth-Arlington, Texas (+15,200), and Boston-Cambridge-Quincy, Mass.-N.H. 

(+15,000). Of the 18 metropolitan divisions that reported losses, the largest over-the-year employment 

decrease occurred in Santa Ana-Anaheim-Irvine, Calif. (-35,100), followed by Detroit-Livonia-Dearborn, Mich. (-29,700), Warren-Troy-Farmington Hills, Mich. (-26,000), and Oakland-Fremont-Hayward, Calif. (-22,500). (See table 4.)

The largest over-the-year percentage increases in employment among the metropolitan divisions 

were reported in Dallas-Plano-Irving, Texas, and Fort Worth-Arlington, Texas (+1.7 percent each), 

followed by Washington-Arlington-Alexandria, D.C.-Va.-Md.-W.Va. (+1.3 percent), and BostonCambridge-Quincy, Mass.-N.H. (+0.9 percent). Of the metropolitan divisions that reported over-theyear declines in employment, the largest decreases were in Detroit-Livonia-Dearborn, Mich. (-3.8 

percent), Santa Ana-Anaheim-Irvine, Calif. (-2.3 percent), Warren-Troy-Farmington Hills, Mich. 

(-2.2 percent), and Fort Lauderdale-Pompano Beach-Deerfield Beach, Fla., and Oakland-FremontHayward, Calif. (-2.1 percent each).

______________________________

The Regional and State Employment and Unemployment release for November is scheduled to be 

issued on Friday, December 19. The Metropolitan Area Employment and Unemployment release for 

November is scheduled to be issued on Tuesday, January 6, 2009. The Metropolitan Area Employment 

and Unemployment release dates for the balance of 2009 can be found on the BLS Web site at 

http://www.bls.gov/schedule/news_release/metro.htm.

Hurricane Katrina

For October, BLS and its state partners continued to make modifications to the usual 

estimation procedures for the LAUS program to reflect the impact of Hurricane Katrina 

on the labor force statistics in affected areas. These modifications included: (1) modifying the state population controls to account for displacement due to Katrina; (2) deve loping labor force estimates for the New Orleans-Metairie-Kenner metropolitan area using 

an alternative to the model-based method; and (3) not publishing labor force estimates for 

the months immediately following the hurricane for the parishes within the New OrleansMetairie-Kenner metropolitan area and cities within those parishes, where the quality of 

input data was severely compromised by the hurricane.

For more information on LAUS procedures and estimates for October 2008, see 

Hurricane Information: Katrina and Rita at http://www.bls.gov/Katrina/home.htm or

call (202) 691-6392.
Technical Note 

This release presents labor force and unemployment 

data from the Local Area Unemployment Statistics (LAUS) 

program (tables 1 and 2) for 369 metropolitan statistical areas 

and metropolitan New England City and Town Areas 

(NECTAs), plus 8 areas in Puerto Rico. Estimates for 34 

metropolitan and NECTA divisions also are presented. 

Nonfarm payroll employment estimates from the Current 

Employment Statistics (CES) program (tables 3 and 4) are 

provided for most of the same areas. State estimates were 

previously published in the news release, Regional and State 

Employment and Unemployment, and are republished in this 

release for ease of reference. The LAUS and CES programs 

are both federal-state cooperative endeavors. 

Labor force and unemployment—from the LAUS 

program 

Definitions. The labor force and unemployment data 

are based on the same concepts and definitions as those used 

for the official national estimates obtained from the Current 

Population Survey (CPS), a sample survey of households that 

is conducted for the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) by the 

U.S. Census Bureau. The LAUS program measures 

employment and unemployment on a place-of-residence 

basis. The universe for each is the civilian noninstitutional 

population 16 years of age and over. Employed persons are 

those who did any work at all for pay or profit in the 

reference week (the week including the 12th of the month) or 

worked 15 hours or more without pay in a family business or 

farm, plus those not working who had a job from which they 

were temporarily absent, whether or not paid, for such 

reasons as labor-management dispute, illness, or vacation. 

Unemployed persons are those who were not employed 

during the reference week (based on the definition above), 

had actively looked for a job sometime in the 4-week period 

ending with the reference week, and were currently available 

for work; persons on layoff expecting recall need not be 

looking for work to be counted as unemployed. The labor 

force is the sum of employed and unemployed persons. The 

unemployment rate is the number of unemployed as a percent 

of the labor force. 

Method of estimation. Estimates for states, the District 

of Columbia, the Los Angeles-Long Beach-Glendale 

metropolitan division, and New York City are produced using 

time-series models with real-time benchmarking to national 

CPS totals. Model-based estimation was extended to the 

following areas and their respective balances of state in 2005: 

the Chicago-Naperville-Joliet, IL Metropolitan Division; 

Cleveland-Elyria-Mentor, OH Metropolitan Statistical Area; 

Detroit-Warren-Livonia, MI Metropolitan Statistical Area; 

Miami-Miami Beach-Kendall, FL Metropolitan Division; 

New Orleans-Metairie-Kenner, LA Metropolitan Statistical 

Area; and Seattle-Bellevue-Everett, WA Metropolitan 

Division. (Model-based estimation of the New OrleansMetairie-Kenner metropolitan area was suspended following 

Hurricane Katrina; the indirect estimation methods described 

below will be used for this area until further notice.) 

Modeling improves the statistical basis of the estimation for 

these areas and provides important tools for analysis, such as 

measures of errors and seasonally adjusted series. For all 

other substate areas in this release, estimates are prepared 

through indirect estimation procedures using a building-block 

approach. Employment estimates, which are based largely on 

“place of work” estimates from the CES program, are 

adjusted to refer to place of residence as used in the CPS. 

Unemployment estimates are aggregates of persons 

previously employed in industries covered by state 

unemployment insurance (UI) laws and entrants to the labor 

force data from the CPS. The substate estimates of 

employment and unemployment, which geographically 

exhaust the entire state, are adjusted proportionally to ensure 

that they add to the independently estimated state or balanceof-state totals. A detailed description of the estimation 

procedures is available from BLS upon request. 

Annual revisions. Labor force and unemployment data 

shown for the prior year reflect adjustments made at the end 

of each year, usually implemented with January estimates. 

The adjusted model-based estimates reflect updated 

population data from the U.S. Census Bureau, any revisions 

in the other data sources, and model reestimation. All 

substate estimates are reestimated and adjusted to add to the 

revised model-based estimates. 

Employment—from the CES program 

Definitions. Employment data refer to persons on 

establishment payrolls who receive pay for any part of the 

pay period that includes the 12th of the month. Persons are 

counted at their place of work rather than at their place of 

residence; those appearing on more than one payroll are 

counted on each payroll. Industries are classified on the basis 

of their principal activity in accordance with the 2007 version 

of the North American Industry Classification System.

Method of estimation. The employment data are 

estimated using a “link relative” technique in which a ratio 

(link relative) of current-month employment to that of the 

previous month is computed from a sample of establishments 

reporting for both months. The estimates of employment for 

the current month are obtained by multiplying the estimates 

for the previous month by these ratios. Small-domain models 

are used as the official estimators for the approximately 39 

percent of CES published series which have insufficient 

sample for direct sample-based estimates. 

Annual revisions. Employment estimates are adjusted 

annually to a complete count of jobs, called benchmarks, 

derived principally from tax reports that are submitted by 

employers who are covered under state unemployment 

insurance (UI) laws. The benchmark information is used to 
adjust the monthly estimates between the new benchmark and 

the preceding one and also to establish the level of 

employment for the new benchmark month. Thus, the 

benchmarking process establishes the level of employment, 

and the sample is used to measure the month-to-month 

changes in the level for the subsequent months. 

Reliability of the estimates 

The estimates presented in this release are based on 

sample surveys, administrative data, and modeling and, thus, 

are subject to sampling and other types of errors. Sampling 

error is a measure of sampling variability—that is, variation 

that occurs by chance because a sample rather than the entire 

population is surveyed. Survey data also are subject to 

nonsampling errors, such as those which can be introduced 

into the data collection and processing operations. Estimates 

not directly derived from sample surveys are subject to 

additional errors resulting from the particular estimation 

processes used. The sums of individual items may not 

always equal the totals shown in the same tables because of 

rounding. Unemployment rates are computed from 

unrounded data and thus may differ slightly from rates 

computed using the rounded data displayed in the tables. 

Labor force and unemployment estimates. Modelbased error measures are available for states on the BLS Web 

site at http://www.bls.gov/lau/lastderr.htm. Measures of 

nonsampling error are not available, but additional 

information on the subject is provided in Employment and 

Earnings Online at http://www.bls.gov/opub/ee/home.htm. 

Employment estimates. Measures of sampling error 

for state CES data at the supersector level and for metropolitan area CES data at the total nonfarm level are available 

online at http://www.bls.gov/sae/790stderr.htm. Information 

on recent benchmark revisions for states is available on the 

BLS Web site at http://www.bls.gov/sae/. 

Area definitions

The substate area data published in this release reflect 

the standards and definitions established by the U.S. Office of 

Management and Budget on November 20, 2007. Data 

reflect New England City and Town Area (NECTA) 

definitions, rather than county-based definitions, in the six 

New England States. A detailed list of the geographic definitions is available at http://www.bls.gov/lau/lausmsa.htm.

Additional information 

More complete information on the technical procedures 

used to develop these estimates and additional data appear in 

Employment and Earnings Online. 

Estimates of unadjusted and seasonally adjusted labor 

force and unemployment data for states, census regions and 

divisions, and seven substate areas are available in the news 

release, Regional and State Employment and Unemployment. 

Estimates of labor force and unemployment for all states, 

metropolitan areas, labor market areas, counties, cities with a 

population of 25,000 or more, and other areas used in the 

administration of various federal economic assistance programs are available on the Internet at http://www.bls.gov/lau/. 

Employment data from the CES program are available on the 

BLS Web site at http://www.bls.gov/sae/. 

Information in this release will be made available to 

sensory impaired individuals upon request. Voice phone: 

(202) 691-5200; TDD message referral phone: 1-800-877-

8339.
LABOR FORCE DATA LABOR FORCE DATA

NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED

Table 1. Civilian labor force and unemployment by state and metropolitan area

(Numbers in thousands)

State and area

Civilian labor force

Unemployed

Number Percent of labor force

September October September October September October

2007 2008 2007 2008p 2007 2008 2007 2008p 2007 2008 2007 2008p

Alabama ............................................................... 2,187.4 2,168.5 2,193.0 2,182.5 77.0 114.3 72.6 118.1 3.5 5.3 3.3 5.4

Anniston-Oxford ................................................ 54.9 54.7 55.0 55.3 1.9 2.9 1.8 3.3 3.5 5.3 3.3 5.9

Auburn-Opelika ................................................. 66.7 66.3 67.0 66.6 2.1 3.0 2.0 3.0 3.1 4.5 3.0 4.5

Birmingham-Hoover .......................................... 536.8 531.7 539.1 535.3 17.1 25.2 16.0 25.4 3.2 4.7 3.0 4.8

Decatur ............................................................. 73.5 72.7 73.6 73.0 2.3 3.7 2.1 3.6 3.2 5.1 2.9 5.0

Dothan .............................................................. 66.6 65.0 66.3 65.2 2.2 3.2 2.1 3.3 3.4 4.9 3.2 5.0

Florence-Muscle Shoals ................................... 69.3 69.0 69.2 69.3 2.7 3.6 2.4 3.7 3.9 5.3 3.5 5.3

Gadsden ........................................................... 45.6 44.8 45.6 45.0 1.8 2.6 1.7 2.6 4.0 5.7 3.7 5.8

Huntsville .......................................................... 203.0 204.3 203.9 205.5 5.5 8.0 5.1 8.0 2.7 3.9 2.5 3.9

Mobile ............................................................... 184.9 185.0 185.8 186.2 6.6 10.2 6.3 10.2 3.6 5.5 3.4 5.5

Montgomery ...................................................... 172.0 172.5 172.7 174.3 6.0 9.3 5.6 9.9 3.5 5.4 3.2 5.7

Tuscaloosa ....................................................... 99.3 98.3 99.2 98.8 3.0 4.4 2.7 4.3 3.0 4.5 2.8 4.4

Alaska .................................................................. 354.4 360.4 350.7 358.2 20.0 21.9 19.0 23.8 5.6 6.1 5.4 6.7

Anchorage ........................................................ 189.5 193.2 193.3 197.1 10.0 11.0 9.2 11.6 5.3 5.7 4.8 5.9

Fairbanks .......................................................... 45.5 45.8 45.6 46.5 2.2 2.4 2.0 2.8 4.7 5.3 4.3 5.9

Arizona ................................................................ 3,047.4 3,142.9 3,051.9 3,159.0 119.7 191.1 121.5 194.6 3.9 6.1 4.0 6.2

Flagstaff ............................................................ 71.8 74.5 71.1 74.2 2.4 3.8 2.5 3.9 3.4 5.1 3.5 5.2

Lake Havasu City-Kingman .............................. 92.0 94.2 92.3 94.5 4.4 6.9 4.6 7.4 4.8 7.4 5.0 7.9

Phoenix-Mesa-Scottsdale ................................. 2,061.9 2,124.9 2,065.0 2,140.2 68.4 114.6 71.1 117.3 3.3 5.4 3.4 5.5

Prescott ............................................................ 100.0 103.3 100.1 103.1 3.6 6.1 3.8 6.3 3.6 5.9 3.8 6.1

Tucson .............................................................. 457.3 472.3 461.6 475.3 17.2 27.0 18.0 27.6 3.8 5.7 3.9 5.8

Yuma ................................................................ 81.9 85.2 79.8 83.5 13.7 17.4 11.5 16.3 16.7 20.4 14.4 19.5

Arkansas ............................................................. 1,373.2 1,381.4 1,365.1 1,380.7 69.8 62.7 66.7 64.7 5.1 4.5 4.9 4.7

Fayetteville-Springdale-Rogers ........................ 229.0 232.1 228.1 232.6 8.8 8.1 8.2 8.2 3.9 3.5 3.6 3.5

Fort Smith ......................................................... 140.3 139.7 139.6 139.9 6.9 6.0 7.1 6.6 4.9 4.3 5.1 4.7

Hot Springs ....................................................... 42.6 45.0 42.4 44.6 2.3 2.1 2.1 2.1 5.5 4.7 5.1 4.8

Jonesboro ......................................................... 57.2 56.4 57.1 56.2 3.0 2.4 2.8 2.4 5.3 4.3 4.9 4.3

Little Rock-North Little Rock-Conway ............... 339.2 345.6 337.7 343.5 15.3 13.9 14.2 14.0 4.5 4.0 4.2 4.1

Pine Bluff .......................................................... 44.7 44.7 44.6 44.8 3.1 2.9 2.9 3.0 6.9 6.4 6.6 6.7

California ............................................................. 18,262.0 18,485.3 18,277.9 18,605.2 985.5 1,389.5 986.6 1,486.3 5.4 7.5 5.4 8.0

Bakersfield ........................................................ 357.7 369.5 356.6 374.2 26.3 34.3 26.9 36.9 7.4 9.3 7.5 9.9

Chico ................................................................ 103.6 106.9 103.6 107.0 6.3 8.6 6.3 9.3 6.1 8.1 6.1 8.7

El Centro ........................................................... 70.4 77.1 70.9 78.4 14.6 21.1 14.7 21.7 20.7 27.4 20.8 27.6

Fresno .............................................................. 437.2 444.5 430.0 443.0 32.1 42.8 35.4 50.6 7.3 9.6 8.2 11.4

Hanford-Corcoran ............................................. 59.4 60.8 58.7 61.4 4.2 5.6 4.7 6.7 7.1 9.2 8.0 10.9

Los Angeles-Long Beach-Santa Ana ............... 6,582.3 6,579.1 6,594.1 6,626.0 326.3 480.0 318.0 509.6 5.0 7.3 4.8 7.7

Madera ............................................................. 66.6 67.4 64.3 65.6 4.2 5.6 4.4 6.4 6.3 8.4 6.9 9.7

Merced .............................................................. 103.0 107.1 102.4 108.1 8.5 11.6 8.6 12.6 8.3 10.8 8.4 11.7

Modesto ............................................................ 233.7 240.7 230.4 239.9 18.4 25.0 19.5 28.3 7.9 10.4 8.5 11.8

Napa ................................................................. 75.4 76.7 75.9 77.8 2.9 4.0 3.0 4.2 3.9 5.2 3.9 5.4

Oxnard-Thousand Oaks-Ventura ..................... 429.6 430.0 427.6 435.2 22.7 30.2 22.1 31.5 5.3 7.0 5.2 7.2

Redding ............................................................ 85.2 87.3 86.7 88.5 5.8 8.3 6.0 8.9 6.8 9.5 7.0 10.0

Riverside-San Bernardino-Ontario ................... 1,788.8 1,829.9 1,794.9 1,843.3 113.1 167.2 113.6 175.1 6.3 9.1 6.3 9.5

Sacramento—Arden-Arcade—Roseville .......... 1,055.3 1,074.1 1,057.8 1,082.4 56.9 79.6 57.8 85.3 5.4 7.4 5.5 7.9

Salinas .............................................................. 216.2 218.1 211.7 216.8 10.9 14.3 11.1 15.5 5.0 6.6 5.3 7.1

San Diego-Carlsbad-San Marcos ..................... 1,543.9 1,572.6 1,549.2 1,580.1 74.7 101.9 75.0 107.7 4.8 6.5 4.8 6.8

San Francisco-Oakland-Fremont ..................... 2,236.7 2,274.6 2,243.8 2,288.6 101.7 138.9 101.2 147.7 4.5 6.1 4.5 6.5

San Jose-Sunnyvale-Santa Clara .................... 881.1 904.2 885.2 912.9 43.4 59.0 43.3 63.4 4.9 6.5 4.9 6.9

San Luis Obispo-Paso Robles .......................... 136.8 138.6 139.0 140.4 6.0 8.4 5.9 8.8 4.4 6.1 4.3 6.2

Santa Barbara-Santa Maria-Goleta .................. 216.2 220.2 218.7 221.8 9.2 12.3 9.4 13.2 4.3 5.6 4.3 5.9

Santa Cruz-Watsonville .................................... 149.1 151.8 150.0 152.5 6.9 9.2 7.1 10.0 4.6 6.1 4.7 6.5

Santa Rosa-Petaluma ...................................... 264.8 269.9 265.9 271.4 11.7 15.8 11.6 16.9 4.4 5.9 4.4 6.2

Stockton ............................................................ 298.2 304.9 296.4 305.6 22.7 30.9 23.4 33.9 7.6 10.1 7.9 11.1

Vallejo-Fairfield ................................................. 213.0 215.0 212.3 216.6 11.6 15.7 11.5 16.7 5.4 7.3 5.4 7.7

Visalia-Porterville .............................................. 196.8 197.4 192.4 198.9 15.9 20.9 16.5 23.4 8.1 10.6 8.6 11.8

Yuba City .......................................................... 71.3 69.9 69.7 70.5 5.6 7.8 5.9 8.8 7.9 11.1 8.5 12.5

Colorado .............................................................. 2,740.0 2,762.3 2,739.6 2,765.1 103.1 136.4 99.8 147.4 3.8 4.9 3.6 5.3

Boulder ............................................................. 178.2 179.3 179.1 180.6 5.9 7.6 5.7 8.2 3.3 4.2 3.2 4.5

Colorado Springs .............................................. 318.6 315.6 316.9 315.7 13.8 18.4 13.4 19.8 4.3 5.8 4.2 6.3

Denver-Aurora .................................................. 1,395.7 1,401.6 1,399.2 1,404.4 54.4 72.8 52.3 78.5 3.9 5.2 3.7 5.6

Fort Collins-Loveland ........................................ 179.8 180.2 179.3 179.3 5.8 7.4 5.6 7.9 3.2 4.1 3.2 4.4

Grand Junction ................................................. 80.6 83.3 80.7 83.6 2.5 3.2 2.4 3.4 3.1 3.8 3.0 4.0

Greeley ............................................................. 121.8 124.0 122.3 125.1 4.8 6.3 4.7 6.9 4.0 5.1 3.8 5.5

Pueblo .............................................................. 73.5 74.3 73.7 74.9 3.4 4.6 3.3 5.1 4.6 6.2 4.5 6.7

Connecticut ......................................................... 1,862.3 1,886.8 1,870.2 1,907.4 83.2 111.9 79.9 116.0 4.5 5.9 4.3 6.1

Bridgeport-Stamford-Norwalk ........................... 473.9 480.2 475.8 484.8 19.4 26.7 18.8 27.9 4.1 5.6 4.0 5.8

Danbury ............................................................ 91.7 92.5 92.1 94.3 3.2 4.3 3.1 4.6 3.5 4.7 3.3 4.8

Hartford-West Hartford-East Hartford ............... 584.5 596.5 587.9 603.8 26.7 35.7 25.6 36.9 4.6 6.0 4.4 6.1

New Haven ....................................................... 310.4 313.1 312.2 317.3 14.8 19.3 14.2 20.1 4.8 6.2 4.5 6.3

Norwich-New London ....................................... 151.9 152.9 151.4 152.8 6.3 9.1 6.0 9.3 4.1 6.0 4.0 6.1

Waterbury ......................................................... 100.9 102.6 101.3 103.9 5.8 7.8 5.6 8.2 5.8 7.6 5.5 7.9

See footnotes at end of table.
LABOR FORCE DATA LABOR FORCE DATA

NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED

Table 1. Civilian labor force and unemployment by state and metropolitan area—Continued

(Numbers in thousands)

State and area

Civilian labor force

Unemployed

Number Percent of labor force

September October September October September October

2007 2008 2007 2008p 2007 2008 2007 2008p 2007 2008 2007 2008p

Delaware .............................................................. 438.9 441.7 442.7 447.5 14.0 20.8 14.5 23.6 3.2 4.7 3.3 5.3

Dover ................................................................ 73.7 74.1 74.5 75.4 2.3 3.4 2.4 3.9 3.1 4.5 3.2 5.2

District of Columbia ........................................... 325.4 331.6 325.1 329.8 19.3 23.6 17.8 24.7 5.9 7.1 5.5 7.5

Washington-Arlington-Alexandria ..................... 2,982.6 3,013.2 2,984.1 3,023.9 90.2 118.7 88.6 124.3 3.0 3.9 3.0 4.1

Florida .................................................................. 9,206.8 9,373.4 9,205.4 9,379.0 409.5 643.6 400.5 660.4 4.4 6.9 4.4 7.0

Bradenton-Sarasota-Venice ............................. 333.3 335.5 331.3 334.0 16.1 25.4 15.9 26.0 4.8 7.6 4.8 7.8

Cape Coral-Fort Myers ..................................... 283.9 285.0 283.2 285.7 16.2 26.5 16.2 27.2 5.7 9.3 5.7 9.5

Deltona-Daytona Beach-Ormond Beach .......... 251.7 257.4 251.6 257.8 11.2 18.6 11.1 19.4 4.5 7.2 4.4 7.5

Fort Walton Beach-Crestview-Destin ............... 98.7 99.7 98.1 98.8 3.0 4.8 3.0 5.0 3.0 4.8 3.0 5.1

Gainesville ........................................................ 137.3 141.4 137.8 141.7 4.1 6.4 4.1 6.7 3.0 4.6 3.0 4.7

Jacksonville ...................................................... 674.4 688.4 675.3 686.9 27.3 44.1 26.9 45.5 4.1 6.4 4.0 6.6

Lakeland-Winter Haven .................................... 271.6 272.8 270.0 273.2 14.1 21.6 13.2 22.1 5.2 7.9 4.9 8.1

Miami-Fort Lauderdale-Pompano Beach .......... 2,833.7 2,875.4 2,846.3 2,882.2 119.8 184.1 118.3 186.2 4.2 6.4 4.2 6.5

Naples-Marco Island ......................................... 149.1 149.8 150.3 150.5 8.8 12.6 8.3 12.3 5.9 8.4 5.5 8.2

Ocala ................................................................ 136.5 140.8 136.9 141.2 6.9 12.1 6.8 12.6 5.0 8.6 5.0 8.9

Orlando-Kissimmee .......................................... 1,107.1 1,133.5 1,104.7 1,136.8 45.9 73.6 44.5 77.4 4.1 6.5 4.0 6.8

Palm Bay-Melbourne-Titusville ......................... 263.9 269.8 263.6 269.5 12.4 19.8 12.1 20.6 4.7 7.3 4.6 7.6

Palm Coast ....................................................... 30.9 31.8 30.8 31.8 2.2 3.3 2.1 3.3 7.0 10.4 6.8 10.5

Panama City-Lynn Haven ................................. 87.7 87.9 87.3 88.0 3.2 5.0 3.2 5.5 3.7 5.6 3.6 6.3

Pensacola-Ferry Pass-Brent ............................ 212.7 216.9 212.0 215.7 8.2 13.1 8.1 13.4 3.9 6.1 3.8 6.2

Port St. Lucie .................................................... 187.0 193.9 187.4 194.3 11.9 18.1 11.3 18.1 6.4 9.3 6.0 9.3

Punta Gorda ..................................................... 68.0 69.2 67.9 68.8 4.3 6.6 4.2 6.6 6.3 9.6 6.2 9.6

Sebastian-Vero Beach ...................................... 60.4 61.5 60.2 61.4 4.4 6.2 4.0 5.9 7.3 10.1 6.6 9.6

Tallahassee ...................................................... 189.0 191.6 190.1 192.8 6.2 9.7 6.1 10.0 3.3 5.1 3.2 5.2

Tampa-St. Petersburg-Clearwater .................... 1,352.2 1,365.1 1,343.9 1,366.9 61.1 96.7 60.1 100.9 4.5 7.1 4.5 7.4

Georgia ................................................................ 4,826.8 4,880.4 4,833.7 4,897.2 218.9 318.5 217.8 343.7 4.5 6.5 4.5 7.0

Albany ............................................................... 76.1 76.4 75.7 76.7 4.0 5.3 3.9 5.5 5.3 6.9 5.1 7.2

Athens-Clarke County ...................................... 106.5 108.2 106.6 109.2 4.2 6.0 4.2 6.7 3.9 5.6 3.9 6.2

Atlanta-Sandy Springs-Marietta ........................ 2,736.7 2,768.6 2,744.0 2,773.6 120.7 177.7 119.4 189.2 4.4 6.4 4.4 6.8

Augusta-Richmond County ............................... 256.7 257.2 256.1 257.9 14.3 16.7 14.1 18.4 5.6 6.5 5.5 7.1

Brunswick ......................................................... 53.2 53.7 52.9 53.5 2.1 3.1 2.0 3.4 3.9 5.9 3.8 6.3

Columbus ......................................................... 128.4 129.7 128.6 129.6 6.7 8.8 6.6 9.6 5.2 6.8 5.1 7.4

Dalton ............................................................... 68.2 67.8 67.6 68.3 3.3 5.0 3.1 6.1 4.8 7.4 4.5 8.9

Gainesville ........................................................ 90.7 92.5 90.5 92.8 3.2 5.3 3.2 5.8 3.6 5.7 3.5 6.3

Hinesville-Fort Stewart ..................................... 30.2 31.5 30.3 31.6 1.5 2.1 1.5 2.3 5.1 6.6 5.0 7.2

Macon ............................................................... 111.3 113.3 111.7 114.3 5.5 7.6 5.5 8.1 4.9 6.7 4.9 7.1

Rome ................................................................ 49.2 49.9 49.3 50.1 2.3 3.4 2.3 3.8 4.7 6.8 4.7 7.6

Savannah ......................................................... 178.6 181.5 179.0 181.5 6.9 10.3 6.7 10.9 3.9 5.7 3.8 6.0

Valdosta ............................................................ 68.4 68.3 68.4 68.9 2.8 4.1 2.7 4.6 4.0 6.0 4.0 6.6

Warner Robins .................................................. 68.4 68.9 68.4 69.4 2.6 3.8 2.8 4.0 3.9 5.5 4.1 5.8

Hawaii .................................................................. 645.0 663.3 642.2 659.1 19.0 31.3 17.0 29.0 3.0 4.7 2.6 4.4

Honolulu ........................................................... 447.6 458.0 445.7 456.3 12.0 19.2 10.9 17.3 2.7 4.2 2.4 3.8

Idaho .................................................................... 756.3 758.1 758.1 761.6 15.1 32.4 15.7 35.4 2.0 4.3 2.1 4.7

Boise City-Nampa ............................................. 293.7 291.4 294.5 291.4 6.3 14.0 6.7 15.6 2.2 4.8 2.3 5.4

Coeur d’Alene ................................................... 70.5 70.6 70.2 71.1 1.4 3.3 1.5 3.6 2.0 4.6 2.1 5.1

Idaho Falls ........................................................ 62.2 63.9 63.3 63.8 0.9 2.1 0.9 2.0 1.5 3.3 1.4 3.1

Lewiston ........................................................... 29.0 28.2 28.6 28.5 0.8 1.3 0.8 1.4 2.6 4.5 2.8 5.0

Pocatello ........................................................... 44.4 43.6 44.4 44.2 0.9 1.8 0.9 1.9 2.0 4.1 2.1 4.3

Illinois .................................................................. 6,715.5 6,691.5 6,719.0 6,635.3 328.8 435.9 322.1 449.3 4.9 6.5 4.8 6.8

Bloomington-Normal ......................................... 92.5 92.3 92.8 92.1 3.5 4.7 3.4 5.1 3.8 5.1 3.6 5.5

Champaign-Urbana .......................................... 124.7 123.3 125.7 125.0 5.6 7.0 5.2 7.8 4.5 5.7 4.2 6.2

Chicago-Naperville-Joliet .................................. 4,896.1 4,900.7 4,894.6 4,841.7 231.8 308.0 222.9 309.5 4.7 6.3 4.6 6.4

Danville ............................................................. 38.4 38.4 38.5 38.5 2.4 3.2 2.3 3.4 6.4 8.4 6.1 8.9

Davenport-Moline-Rock Island ......................... 207.3 208.1 206.4 206.7 9.1 10.6 8.8 11.3 4.4 5.1 4.3 5.5

Decatur ............................................................. 55.7 55.6 56.0 55.6 3.2 4.1 3.1 4.3 5.7 7.3 5.5 7.8

Kankakee-Bradley ............................................ 56.3 56.9 56.5 57.1 3.5 4.8 3.4 5.4 6.2 8.5 6.0 9.4

Peoria ............................................................... 205.7 206.8 206.7 205.9 9.1 11.7 8.9 12.1 4.4 5.7 4.3 5.9

Rockford ........................................................... 178.3 178.9 180.4 179.5 10.3 15.7 15.0 17.5 5.8 8.8 8.3 9.7

Springfield ......................................................... 115.8 115.6 116.0 115.4 5.3 7.1 5.0 7.4 4.6 6.1 4.3 6.4

Indiana ................................................................. 3,204.5 3,249.6 3,208.7 3,253.1 132.4 189.2 131.0 195.0 4.1 5.8 4.1 6.0

Anderson .......................................................... 60.2 60.6 60.0 60.5 3.4 4.0 3.2 4.1 5.6 6.7 5.4 6.9

Bloomington ...................................................... 96.7 98.1 97.5 99.3 3.3 4.4 3.3 5.0 3.4 4.5 3.4 5.0

Columbus ......................................................... 38.2 39.1 38.4 39.1 1.2 1.8 1.2 1.8 3.2 4.5 3.2 4.6

Elkhart-Goshen ................................................. 101.2 102.7 101.2 103.8 4.3 9.5 4.4 11.1 4.2 9.3 4.4 10.7

Evansville ......................................................... 181.5 182.5 181.3 182.6 7.6 9.3 7.5 9.5 4.2 5.1 4.1 5.2

Fort Wayne ....................................................... 212.2 214.9 212.3 213.7 9.3 12.4 9.2 12.6 4.4 5.7 4.3 5.9

Indianapolis-Carmel .......................................... 894.4 910.1 895.7 912.0 33.3 46.5 33.5 47.6 3.7 5.1 3.7 5.2

Kokomo ............................................................ 45.4 44.7 44.6 44.4 2.8 3.4 2.0 3.3 6.1 7.6 4.6 7.5

Lafayette ........................................................... 96.0 97.1 96.2 97.4 3.4 4.5 3.3 4.5 3.5 4.7 3.5 4.6

Michigan City-La Porte ..................................... 52.4 53.2 52.6 53.2 2.3 3.0 2.3 3.2 4.4 5.6 4.4 6.0

Muncie .............................................................. 55.8 56.4 55.8 56.3 2.6 3.7 2.5 3.6 4.6 6.6 4.5 6.5

South Bend-Mishawaka .................................... 160.6 160.2 161.5 161.8 7.3 10.8 7.2 11.7 4.6 6.8 4.5 7.2

See footnotes at end of table.
LABOR FORCE DATA LABOR FORCE DATA

NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED

Table 1. Civilian labor force and unemployment by state and metropolitan area—Continued

(Numbers in thousands)

State and area

Civilian labor force

Unemployed

Number Percent of labor force

September October September October September October

2007 2008 2007 2008p 2007 2008 2007 2008p 2007 2008 2007 2008p

Indiana—Continued

Terre Haute ...................................................... 79.5 79.5 79.4 79.5 3.7 5.0 3.6 5.0 4.7 6.3 4.6 6.2

Iowa ...................................................................... 1,665.0 1,684.1 1,669.8 1,690.2 59.2 65.1 55.8 66.5 3.6 3.9 3.3 3.9

Ames ................................................................ 48.6 49.0 49.1 48.7 1.3 1.3 1.2 1.3 2.7 2.7 2.5 2.7

Cedar Rapids .................................................... 142.5 145.6 142.5 146.0 5.3 5.8 4.9 5.5 3.7 3.9 3.4 3.8

Des Moines-West Des Moines ......................... 310.4 315.4 309.1 313.2 10.7 11.6 9.9 11.9 3.4 3.7 3.2 3.8

Dubuque ........................................................... 52.2 51.8 52.0 52.0 1.9 1.9 1.8 2.1 3.6 3.7 3.5 4.0

Iowa City ........................................................... 90.3 91.2 91.0 91.0 2.5 2.6 2.5 2.7 2.8 2.8 2.7 2.9

Sioux City ......................................................... 76.5 76.0 76.6 76.3 2.6 2.7 2.5 2.7 3.4 3.5 3.3 3.5

Waterloo-Cedar Falls ........................................ 94.3 95.6 94.3 96.1 3.3 3.5 3.0 3.6 3.5 3.7 3.2 3.7

Kansas ................................................................. 1,475.5 1,495.8 1,474.9 1,497.6 58.6 71.9 52.6 67.0 4.0 4.8 3.6 4.5

Lawrence .......................................................... 62.5 62.9 63.0 62.3 2.1 2.6 1.9 2.4 3.4 4.2 3.1 3.8

Topeka .............................................................. 119.7 121.7 119.7 122.5 5.3 6.6 4.7 6.5 4.4 5.5 4.0 5.3

Wichita .............................................................. 311.8 315.6 313.7 318.8 12.2 14.8 10.8 14.0 3.9 4.7 3.5 4.4

Kentucky ............................................................. 2,043.9 2,045.4 2,029.6 2,033.8 103.6 136.8 96.7 127.0 5.1 6.7 4.8 6.2

Bowling Green .................................................. 63.9 64.6 63.5 63.9 2.7 3.5 2.3 3.3 4.3 5.4 3.6 5.2

Elizabethtown ................................................... 54.8 53.6 54.6 53.5 2.6 3.6 2.4 3.5 4.8 6.7 4.5 6.5

Lexington-Fayette ............................................. 236.8 237.3 235.8 237.2 9.7 12.8 8.3 11.8 4.1 5.4 3.5 5.0

Louisville-Jefferson County .............................. 629.3 633.2 628.7 626.1 29.0 44.2 30.7 40.2 4.6 7.0 4.9 6.4

Owensboro ....................................................... 56.7 55.8 56.0 55.4 2.7 3.5 2.3 3.3 4.8 6.3 4.1 6.0

Louisiana ............................................................. 2,001.7 2,052.8 2,010.4 2,070.8 77.6 107.3 66.5 108.7 3.9 5.2 3.3 5.3

Alexandria ......................................................... 68.0 68.0 67.9 69.2 2.6 3.0 2.2 3.5 3.9 4.4 3.2 5.0

Baton Rouge ..................................................... 363.7 373.6 366.6 376.3 14.0 20.2 12.1 19.4 3.9 5.4 3.3 5.1

Houma-Bayou Cane-Thibodaux ....................... 101.9 104.7 102.6 103.8 2.8 6.1 2.4 4.1 2.7 5.9 2.3 4.0

Lafayette ........................................................... 131.6 134.3 132.3 136.0 3.8 4.4 3.2 5.1 2.9 3.3 2.4 3.7

Lake Charles .................................................... 92.8 94.0 93.2 95.1 3.6 4.2 3.0 4.6 3.9 4.4 3.2 4.8

Monroe ............................................................. 80.9 80.9 80.8 81.6 3.7 4.2 3.2 4.6 4.5 5.1 3.9 5.7

New Orleans-Metairie-Kenner .......................... 505.2 527.9 510.9 532.9 17.9 28.2 15.4 27.7 3.5 5.3 3.0 5.2

Shreveport-Bossier City .................................... 179.9 184.4 180.0 186.0 8.0 9.5 7.0 11.1 4.5 5.1 3.9 6.0

Maine ................................................................... 705.0 710.7 707.2 712.8 30.2 35.2 31.1 36.9 4.3 5.0 4.4 5.2

Bangor .............................................................. 70.1 71.4 71.5 73.1 3.1 3.6 3.2 3.8 4.4 5.1 4.4 5.1

Lewiston-Auburn ............................................... 57.1 57.7 57.8 58.3 2.6 3.0 2.5 3.2 4.5 5.3 4.4 5.5

Portland-South Portland-Biddeford ................... 205.2 206.8 206.6 207.0 7.1 8.2 7.4 8.7 3.5 4.0 3.6 4.2

Maryland .............................................................. 2,979.0 2,990.7 2,986.2 3,004.5 102.7 132.0 102.9 146.2 3.4 4.4 3.4 4.9

Baltimore-Towson ............................................. 1,396.6 1,399.9 1,402.1 1,410.0 50.5 65.3 50.7 72.5 3.6 4.7 3.6 5.1

Cumberland ...................................................... 48.4 48.9 48.6 49.3 2.1 2.4 2.1 2.7 4.4 4.9 4.3 5.4

Hagerstown-Martinsburg .................................. 120.6 121.7 120.3 122.2 4.9 6.1 4.9 6.9 4.1 5.0 4.0 5.7

Salisbury ........................................................... 63.8 65.0 62.9 64.2 2.4 3.4 2.5 4.0 3.8 5.2 3.9 6.2

Massachusetts .................................................... 3,393.3 3,396.4 3,389.1 3,411.8 148.7 180.5 130.7 170.1 4.4 5.3 3.9 5.0

Barnstable Town ............................................... 137.4 137.0 132.2 132.7 5.5 6.8 4.8 6.6 4.0 5.0 3.6 5.0

Boston-Cambridge-Quincy ............................... 2,469.5 2,483.3 2,473.9 2,498.0 101.4 123.5 89.5 114.9 4.1 5.0 3.6 4.6

Leominster-Fitchburg-Gardner ......................... 71.4 70.9 71.3 71.6 3.9 4.8 3.4 4.6 5.5 6.7 4.8 6.4

New Bedford ..................................................... 83.6 83.3 83.4 83.7 4.8 6.2 4.4 6.1 5.7 7.5 5.3 7.3

Pittsfield ............................................................ 38.5 38.5 38.4 38.7 1.5 1.9 1.3 1.7 4.0 4.9 3.5 4.4

Springfield ......................................................... 341.2 340.2 341.8 342.6 16.8 19.8 15.0 19.1 4.9 5.8 4.4 5.6

Worcester ......................................................... 288.7 286.0 288.3 287.9 13.7 16.5 12.0 15.4 4.8 5.8 4.2 5.4

Michigan .............................................................. 5,008.6 4,920.4 4,998.0 4,932.3 348.0 407.2 336.7 422.6 6.9 8.3 6.7 8.6

Ann Arbor ......................................................... 188.2 182.8 189.1 184.3 9.3 11.8 8.4 11.3 4.9 6.5 4.4 6.1

Battle Creek ...................................................... 69.2 67.1 68.9 67.2 4.6 5.5 4.3 5.5 6.7 8.2 6.2 8.2

Bay City ............................................................ 54.9 53.5 54.5 53.5 3.4 4.2 3.1 4.2 6.3 7.8 5.7 7.8

Detroit-Warren-Livonia ..................................... 2,138.1 2,122.9 2,138.9 2,127.0 166.4 176.0 166.8 187.0 7.8 8.3 7.8 8.8

Flint ................................................................... 205.1 194.9 204.7 196.2 16.4 21.2 15.3 21.3 8.0 10.9 7.5 10.9

Grand Rapids-Wyoming ................................... 411.6 403.8 410.1 407.0 23.8 30.1 21.8 30.6 5.8 7.5 5.3 7.5

Holland-Grand Haven ....................................... 137.1 133.0 136.3 133.5 7.5 9.6 7.0 10.0 5.5 7.3 5.2 7.5

Jackson ............................................................ 76.6 74.5 76.3 75.2 5.7 6.9 5.2 7.1 7.4 9.3 6.8 9.4

Kalamazoo-Portage .......................................... 176.6 172.8 176.3 173.5 9.6 12.5 8.6 12.3 5.4 7.2 4.9 7.1

Lansing-East Lansing ....................................... 248.9 241.3 249.7 243.4 14.0 17.2 12.5 17.6 5.6 7.1 5.0 7.2

Monroe ............................................................. 76.6 75.2 77.9 75.4 4.7 7.1 6.0 6.9 6.1 9.5 7.7 9.1

Muskegon-Norton Shores ................................. 90.5 89.0 89.7 88.8 6.4 8.3 6.0 8.7 7.1 9.3 6.7 9.8

Niles-Benton Harbor ......................................... 81.1 80.2 80.8 80.1 5.1 6.8 4.8 6.7 6.3 8.5 6.0 8.4

Saginaw-Saginaw Township North ................... 96.0 92.5 96.1 93.2 6.6 8.2 6.0 8.2 6.9 8.9 6.2 8.8

Minnesota ............................................................ 2,936.3 2,942.2 2,930.6 2,945.7 133.4 168.1 116.2 155.8 4.5 5.7 4.0 5.3

Duluth ............................................................... 145.8 145.3 145.9 146.0 7.5 9.0 6.7 8.7 5.1 6.2 4.6 5.9

Minneapolis-St. Paul-Bloomington ................... 1,852.4 1,847.1 1,848.8 1,848.4 83.7 105.0 72.5 97.5 4.5 5.7 3.9 5.3

Rochester ......................................................... 105.0 105.0 104.2 105.0 4.1 4.9 3.5 4.6 3.9 4.7 3.4 4.4

St. Cloud ........................................................... 106.7 107.1 107.9 108.6 4.6 6.0 3.9 5.6 4.3 5.6 3.7 5.1

Mississippi .......................................................... 1,314.9 1,320.1 1,319.3 1,314.9 79.8 99.0 79.7 90.4 6.1 7.5 6.0 6.9

Gulfport-Biloxi ................................................... 112.9 112.7 113.3 111.9 5.7 7.0 5.8 6.4 5.0 6.2 5.1 5.7

Hattiesburg ....................................................... 66.7 65.5 67.0 65.3 3.2 4.2 3.4 3.7 4.9 6.4 5.0 5.7

See footnotes at end of table.
LABOR FORCE DATA LABOR FORCE DATA

NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED

Table 1. Civilian labor force and unemployment by state and metropolitan area—Continued

(Numbers in thousands)

State and area

Civilian labor force

Unemployed

Number Percent of labor force

September October September October September October

2007 2008 2007 2008p 2007 2008 2007 2008p 2007 2008 2007 2008p

Mississippi—Continued

Jackson ............................................................ 259.1 260.1 261.5 258.9 13.2 16.2 13.3 15.0 5.1 6.2 5.1 5.8

Pascagoula ....................................................... 69.3 70.9 69.7 70.2 3.8 5.1 3.9 4.4 5.5 7.2 5.6 6.3

Missouri ............................................................... 3,025.8 2,992.4 3,030.6 3,021.5 155.8 187.0 154.4 184.7 5.1 6.2 5.1 6.1

Columbia .......................................................... 92.5 91.8 94.1 93.3 3.6 4.1 3.5 3.9 3.9 4.5 3.7 4.1

Jefferson City .................................................... 77.1 75.9 77.6 76.8 3.2 3.9 3.2 3.7 4.2 5.1 4.1 4.9

Joplin ................................................................ 84.2 83.7 84.2 84.5 4.0 4.5 3.8 4.4 4.7 5.4 4.6 5.2

Kansas City ...................................................... 1,037.6 1,037.3 1,043.9 1,043.5 52.7 63.9 52.4 61.6 5.1 6.2 5.0 5.9

St. Joseph ......................................................... 67.6 66.9 68.2 67.8 3.0 3.6 3.0 3.5 4.4 5.3 4.3 5.2

St. Louis1 .......................................................... 1,447.3 1,429.4 1,448.8 1,434.6 78.2 97.0 76.6 98.4 5.4 6.8 5.3 6.9

Springfield ......................................................... 221.3 220.0 221.2 220.9 9.6 11.7 9.3 11.9 4.3 5.3 4.2 5.4

Montana ............................................................... 500.5 505.6 499.7 506.0 12.0 19.3 13.3 21.6 2.4 3.8 2.7 4.3

Billings .............................................................. 86.0 86.2 86.6 87.4 1.7 2.7 1.8 2.8 1.9 3.2 2.1 3.2

Great Falls ........................................................ 39.2 39.8 39.4 40.5 1.0 1.5 1.1 1.6 2.5 3.7 2.7 3.9

Missoula ........................................................... 58.3 58.0 58.4 59.2 1.4 2.2 1.5 2.4 2.4 3.9 2.6 4.1

Nebraska ............................................................. 979.3 991.0 985.4 998.0 27.1 31.5 26.8 31.9 2.8 3.2 2.7 3.2

Lincoln .............................................................. 167.2 168.5 169.3 170.9 4.3 5.1 4.3 4.9 2.6 3.0 2.6 2.9

Omaha-Council Bluffs ....................................... 446.1 450.0 448.5 453.3 14.0 15.8 13.7 15.8 3.1 3.5 3.1 3.5

Nevada ................................................................. 1,346.3 1,411.1 1,348.4 1,416.9 66.8 101.4 66.3 105.3 5.0 7.2 4.9 7.4

Carson City ....................................................... 28.7 30.0 28.8 29.8 1.4 2.2 1.4 2.2 5.0 7.3 4.9 7.4

Las Vegas-Paradise ......................................... 958.1 1,005.8 960.7 1,012.8 48.7 73.5 48.4 76.4 5.1 7.3 5.0 7.5

Reno-Sparks ..................................................... 229.3 236.2 228.7 235.5 10.2 16.2 10.1 16.9 4.5 6.8 4.4 7.2

New Hampshire ................................................... 735.4 742.1 735.6 741.6 23.2 28.8 22.1 27.8 3.2 3.9 3.0 3.7

Manchester ....................................................... 106.9 107.5 107.3 108.0 3.3 4.4 3.2 4.1 3.1 4.1 2.9 3.8

Portsmouth ....................................................... 44.9 45.4 44.7 45.3 1.4 1.6 1.3 1.6 3.1 3.6 2.9 3.5

Rochester-Dover .............................................. 82.0 83.7 83.1 84.6 2.6 3.1 2.5 3.1 3.1 3.7 3.0 3.7

New Jersey .......................................................... 4,441.6 4,512.0 4,447.1 4,539.5 180.6 251.9 169.9 255.3 4.1 5.6 3.8 5.6

Atlantic City-Hammonton .................................. 136.1 138.6 133.4 136.7 7.3 9.5 7.0 10.0 5.4 6.9 5.2 7.3

Ocean City ........................................................ 60.6 61.9 54.1 55.4 2.5 3.4 2.7 4.2 4.1 5.5 5.0 7.6

Trenton-Ewing .................................................. 194.7 197.4 195.8 199.0 7.2 10.0 6.7 9.9 3.7 5.1 3.4 5.0

Vineland-Millville-Bridgeton .............................. 67.8 69.6 67.7 69.9 4.0 5.6 3.7 5.8 5.8 8.0 5.5 8.3

New Mexico ......................................................... 943.6 956.6 946.2 964.4 31.2 36.7 29.0 39.3 3.3 3.8 3.1 4.1

Albuquerque ..................................................... 405.8 409.4 406.6 412.6 13.9 16.7 13.0 18.1 3.4 4.1 3.2 4.4

Farmington ....................................................... 57.1 58.3 57.5 58.7 1.7 2.0 1.5 2.0 2.9 3.4 2.6 3.5

Las Cruces ....................................................... 87.8 90.1 88.6 91.5 3.0 3.4 2.8 3.7 3.4 3.8 3.2 4.1

Santa Fe ........................................................... 79.5 79.9 78.8 79.8 2.1 2.6 2.0 2.8 2.7 3.3 2.5 3.5

New York ............................................................. 9,481.9 9,597.2 9,506.2 9,638.9 423.4 541.0 417.5 525.4 4.5 5.6 4.4 5.5

Albany-Schenectady-Troy ................................ 450.4 454.5 451.3 456.1 17.3 23.5 16.4 22.1 3.8 5.2 3.6 4.9

Binghamton ...................................................... 122.4 123.3 122.8 124.0 5.0 7.0 4.8 6.6 4.1 5.6 3.9 5.3

Buffalo-Niagara Falls ........................................ 574.3 581.6 574.6 582.1 25.6 35.2 24.5 32.9 4.5 6.1 4.3 5.7

Elmira ............................................................... 41.0 41.2 41.0 41.4 1.8 2.4 1.7 2.3 4.3 5.9 4.1 5.6

Glens Falls ........................................................ 67.3 68.1 66.4 67.4 2.5 3.7 2.4 3.5 3.7 5.4 3.6 5.2

Ithaca ................................................................ 55.8 56.1 56.1 56.6 1.9 2.5 1.8 2.4 3.3 4.5 3.1 4.2

Kingston ............................................................ 90.8 91.5 91.0 91.7 3.9 5.4 3.7 4.9 4.3 5.9 4.0 5.3

New York-Northern New Jersey-Long Island ... 9,281.9 9,413.6 9,312.8 9,470.7 408.0 521.0 400.3 516.9 4.4 5.5 4.3 5.5

 New York City ................................................ 3,841.6 3,896.4 3,859.9 3,921.4 193.8 223.5 201.2 225.0 5.0 5.7 5.2 5.7

Poughkeepsie-Newburgh-Middletown .............. 322.1 326.2 323.3 328.6 13.4 18.7 12.6 17.7 4.2 5.7 3.9 5.4

Rochester ......................................................... 524.9 527.1 526.3 529.8 22.6 31.2 21.5 29.2 4.3 5.9 4.1 5.5

Syracuse ........................................................... 327.7 332.1 327.7 333.0 13.5 19.4 12.6 18.6 4.1 5.8 3.9 5.6

Utica-Rome ....................................................... 139.6 140.7 140.3 141.8 5.5 7.9 5.3 7.4 4.0 5.6 3.8 5.2

North Carolina ..................................................... 4,529.0 4,572.0 4,531.9 4,593.8 198.0 300.2 202.6 308.5 4.4 6.6 4.5 6.7

Asheville ........................................................... 207.0 207.7 207.6 207.7 6.9 10.8 7.3 10.8 3.3 5.2 3.5 5.2

Burlington ......................................................... 69.7 69.7 69.5 70.2 3.2 5.0 3.3 5.1 4.6 7.1 4.7 7.2

Charlotte-Gastonia-Concord ............................. 840.3 853.7 842.6 861.7 38.6 58.6 39.1 61.1 4.6 6.9 4.6 7.1

Durham ............................................................. 256.4 256.8 255.3 257.5 9.3 13.4 9.4 13.0 3.6 5.2 3.7 5.1

Fayetteville ....................................................... 146.7 147.6 147.4 148.8 7.2 10.0 7.4 9.8 4.9 6.8 5.0 6.6

Goldsboro ......................................................... 52.2 53.5 52.1 53.2 2.3 3.3 2.3 3.4 4.4 6.3 4.4 6.4

Greensboro-High Point ..................................... 363.1 364.2 362.6 368.8 16.5 25.0 16.8 25.7 4.5 6.9 4.6 7.0

Greenville ......................................................... 87.8 88.8 88.0 89.5 4.1 6.2 4.1 6.4 4.7 7.0 4.7 7.2

Hickory-Lenoir-Morganton ................................ 171.9 170.9 172.0 172.2 9.4 13.9 9.7 14.5 5.5 8.1 5.7 8.4

Jacksonville ...................................................... 59.4 61.9 60.0 62.0 2.4 3.6 2.5 3.6 4.0 5.8 4.2 5.8

Raleigh-Cary ..................................................... 544.4 549.9 544.3 555.1 18.6 29.0 18.8 29.0 3.4 5.3 3.5 5.2

Rocky Mount ..................................................... 69.0 70.4 69.2 70.7 3.9 6.7 4.1 6.8 5.7 9.6 5.9 9.6

Wilmington ........................................................ 176.6 178.7 174.9 178.2 6.6 10.7 6.7 11.0 3.7 6.0 3.8 6.2

Winston-Salem ................................................. 234.7 238.4 235.4 240.8 10.0 15.1 10.2 15.5 4.3 6.3 4.4 6.4

North Dakota ....................................................... 367.7 374.5 366.5 371.9 9.3 10.7 8.4 9.2 2.5 2.8 2.3 2.5

Bismarck ........................................................... 61.9 63.6 62.3 63.6 1.4 1.6 1.3 1.4 2.2 2.5 2.0 2.2

Fargo ................................................................ 119.9 121.6 120.3 121.8 2.9 3.4 2.5 3.0 2.4 2.8 2.1 2.5

Grand Forks ...................................................... 56.5 57.7 57.1 57.9 1.6 1.9 1.4 1.6 2.8 3.4 2.4 2.8

See footnotes at end of table.
LABOR FORCE DATA LABOR FORCE DATA

NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED

Table 1. Civilian labor force and unemployment by state and metropolitan area—Continued

(Numbers in thousands)

State and area

Civilian labor force

Unemployed

Number Percent of labor force

September October September October September October

2007 2008 2007 2008p 2007 2008 2007 2008p 2007 2008 2007 2008p

Ohio ..................................................................... 5,983.3 5,998.2 5,993.7 6,005.5 328.6 415.7 318.2 408.1 5.5 6.9 5.3 6.8

Akron ................................................................ 389.5 391.3 389.6 391.1 20.3 25.7 19.4 25.1 5.2 6.6 5.0 6.4

Canton-Massillon .............................................. 205.0 206.7 205.3 206.8 11.7 14.8 11.2 14.7 5.7 7.2 5.5 7.1

Cincinnati-Middletown ...................................... 1,123.2 1,128.7 1,122.2 1,127.5 55.7 70.8 52.2 68.9 5.0 6.3 4.7 6.1

Cleveland-Elyria-Mentor ................................... 1,095.3 1,084.0 1,090.8 1,075.8 64.5 75.1 59.3 67.6 5.9 6.9 5.4 6.3

Columbus ......................................................... 959.0 972.0 966.2 977.8 46.3 58.9 44.1 58.0 4.8 6.1 4.6 5.9

Dayton .............................................................. 426.9 427.6 427.8 429.3 24.6 32.0 24.0 32.5 5.8 7.5 5.6 7.6

Lima .................................................................. 52.0 52.5 51.9 52.2 3.2 4.1 3.1 4.0 6.1 7.8 5.9 7.6

Mansfield .......................................................... 61.7 61.9 61.9 61.9 3.9 5.0 3.8 4.7 6.3 8.1 6.1 7.7

Sandusky .......................................................... 43.1 43.6 42.6 42.9 2.3 3.5 2.4 3.2 5.3 8.0 5.6 7.4

Springfield ......................................................... 70.8 70.4 71.0 70.8 4.1 5.0 4.5 5.0 5.8 7.1 6.3 7.0

Toledo ............................................................... 341.6 339.0 343.4 342.2 20.0 26.5 23.6 29.2 5.9 7.8 6.9 8.5

Weirton-Steubenville ........................................ 57.2 56.6 57.4 57.0 3.2 3.6 3.2 4.3 5.7 6.4 5.6 7.6

Youngstown-Warren-Boardman ....................... 278.1 284.2 278.4 283.7 16.5 21.4 15.9 21.3 5.9 7.5 5.7 7.5

Oklahoma ............................................................ 1,729.0 1,753.0 1,737.9 1,774.6 70.3 62.0 72.5 73.5 4.1 3.5 4.2 4.1

Lawton .............................................................. 46.3 45.9 46.6 46.9 1.9 1.6 2.0 1.9 4.0 3.4 4.2 4.1

Oklahoma City .................................................. 570.3 568.6 574.9 576.3 23.0 19.9 23.8 24.4 4.0 3.5 4.1 4.2

Tulsa ................................................................. 444.4 434.6 446.5 443.2 17.5 15.6 18.1 18.5 3.9 3.6 4.1 4.2

Oregon ................................................................. 1,936.9 1,962.8 1,939.1 1,974.8 92.1 113.4 93.6 134.1 4.8 5.8 4.8 6.8

Bend ................................................................. 83.7 86.7 82.7 86.5 3.8 5.8 4.0 7.0 4.5 6.7 4.9 8.1

Corvallis ............................................................ 41.7 42.0 42.8 43.5 1.6 1.7 1.6 2.2 3.9 4.1 3.8 5.0

Eugene-Springfield ........................................... 178.1 181.1 181.4 185.1 8.7 12.0 8.8 13.8 4.9 6.6 4.9 7.5

Medford ............................................................ 104.1 105.5 104.5 106.7 5.2 7.0 5.2 8.1 5.0 6.7 5.0 7.6

Portland-Vancouver-Beaverton ........................ 1,147.9 1,166.2 1,154.5 1,177.2 53.1 64.3 52.6 75.8 4.6 5.5 4.6 6.4

Salem ............................................................... 195.0 196.9 192.2 196.2 9.1 10.7 9.3 13.0 4.7 5.5 4.8 6.6

Pennsylvania ....................................................... 6,281.9 6,430.1 6,290.1 6,445.4 254.6 337.3 255.0 347.3 4.1 5.2 4.1 5.4

Allentown-Bethlehem-Easton ........................... 414.4 418.8 412.0 420.0 16.8 23.2 16.7 23.6 4.1 5.5 4.0 5.6

Altoona ............................................................. 64.5 65.8 64.6 65.9 2.4 3.3 2.4 3.5 3.8 5.0 3.8 5.3

Erie ................................................................... 139.5 141.2 139.4 141.4 6.1 7.3 6.1 7.5 4.3 5.2 4.4 5.3

Harrisburg-Carlisle ............................................ 281.0 287.1 280.9 286.9 9.4 13.1 9.5 13.7 3.3 4.6 3.4 4.8

Johnstown ........................................................ 67.4 68.1 67.5 68.2 3.3 3.9 3.2 4.1 4.9 5.8 4.8 6.0

Lancaster .......................................................... 267.6 277.5 267.4 276.0 8.4 11.5 8.4 12.0 3.2 4.1 3.1 4.3

Lebanon ............................................................ 71.7 74.2 71.9 73.9 2.3 3.0 2.3 3.2 3.1 4.0 3.2 4.3

Philadelphia-Camden-Wilmington .................... 2,934.4 2,979.4 2,953.2 3,008.3 122.5 165.1 121.0 169.8 4.2 5.5 4.1 5.6

Pittsburgh ......................................................... 1,199.1 1,221.9 1,198.7 1,226.7 47.3 60.1 47.0 60.8 3.9 4.9 3.9 5.0

Reading ............................................................ 199.9 204.6 200.6 205.0 7.9 10.9 8.1 11.6 3.9 5.3 4.0 5.6

Scranton—Wilkes-Barre ................................... 276.9 282.8 277.5 284.4 12.2 16.6 12.2 17.5 4.4 5.9 4.4 6.2

State College .................................................... 73.4 76.8 75.2 77.6 2.2 3.1 2.3 3.1 3.0 4.0 3.1 4.0

Williamsport ...................................................... 58.4 60.0 58.8 59.9 2.5 3.3 2.5 3.5 4.3 5.5 4.3 5.8

York-Hanover ................................................... 224.6 228.9 224.3 228.7 7.7 11.0 7.8 11.3 3.4 4.8 3.5 4.9

Rhode Island ....................................................... 577.4 572.5 576.1 569.8 26.4 47.4 26.4 50.0 4.6 8.3 4.6 8.8

Providence-Fall River-Warwick ........................ 710.2 703.2 709.0 701.9 34.0 56.6 32.9 59.0 4.8 8.0 4.6 8.4

South Carolina .................................................... 2,137.9 2,152.4 2,138.0 2,170.1 127.1 157.7 127.1 173.2 5.9 7.3 5.9 8.0

Anderson .......................................................... 85.2 84.9 84.7 85.9 5.2 6.0 5.2 6.8 6.1 7.1 6.1 7.9

Charleston-North Charleston-Summerville ....... 313.2 315.6 312.8 318.1 15.1 18.9 15.0 20.7 4.8 6.0 4.8 6.5

Columbia .......................................................... 369.5 368.9 370.4 372.2 19.9 23.5 19.8 25.9 5.4 6.4 5.3 6.9

Florence ............................................................ 95.5 96.9 95.1 97.1 6.1 7.7 6.1 8.4 6.4 8.0 6.4 8.7

Greenville-Mauldin-Easley ................................ 315.1 319.6 315.2 321.7 17.0 19.8 17.0 22.0 5.4 6.2 5.4 6.9

Myrtle Beach-North Myrtle Beach-Conway ...... 133.1 132.6 130.8 132.3 6.5 9.2 6.9 11.1 4.9 6.9 5.3 8.4

Spartanburg ...................................................... 132.1 136.2 132.7 137.1 7.9 9.9 8.2 11.0 6.0 7.3 6.1 8.0

Sumter .............................................................. 45.3 44.0 45.1 45.1 3.3 3.9 3.4 4.3 7.3 8.8 7.6 9.5

South Dakota ...................................................... 443.4 446.4 444.0 447.7 11.8 12.7 11.0 12.6 2.7 2.8 2.5 2.8

Rapid City ......................................................... 67.1 67.3 66.9 67.5 1.8 1.9 1.7 1.9 2.7 2.9 2.6 2.9

Sioux Falls ........................................................ 127.8 129.0 128.7 130.4 3.0 3.3 2.7 3.3 2.3 2.5 2.1 2.5

Tennessee ........................................................... 3,056.6 3,052.6 3,061.0 3,061.4 144.6 211.3 143.6 204.9 4.7 6.9 4.7 6.7

Chattanooga ..................................................... 264.1 265.3 266.0 266.4 10.8 15.9 11.1 15.9 4.1 6.0 4.2 6.0

Clarksville ......................................................... 110.6 110.2 109.6 109.0 5.8 8.1 5.6 7.3 5.2 7.4 5.1 6.7

Cleveland .......................................................... 55.2 55.1 55.0 55.5 2.6 3.8 2.5 3.6 4.7 6.8 4.5 6.5

Jackson ............................................................ 56.6 56.7 56.5 56.9 2.8 4.0 2.7 3.8 4.9 7.1 4.8 6.7

Johnson City ..................................................... 99.6 99.9 100.2 100.7 4.4 6.3 4.4 5.9 4.4 6.3 4.4 5.9

Kingsport-Bristol-Bristol .................................... 144.6 146.1 145.3 146.7 6.0 8.6 6.8 8.3 4.2 5.9 4.7 5.7

Knoxville ........................................................... 359.8 359.2 361.1 360.4 13.1 20.2 13.5 19.2 3.6 5.6 3.7 5.3

Memphis ........................................................... 622.0 619.3 624.6 619.3 32.5 45.0 32.4 43.2 5.2 7.3 5.2 7.0

Morristown ........................................................ 64.4 64.2 64.8 64.7 3.1 4.8 3.1 4.7 4.8 7.4 4.8 7.3

Nashville-Davidson—Murfreesboro—Franklin 797.1 797.8 799.0 800.8 31.9 48.2 31.9 46.5 4.0 6.0 4.0 5.8

Texas ................................................................... 11,542.1 11,797.3 11,533.3 11,831.1 502.0 616.1 465.6 636.8 4.3 5.2 4.0 5.4

Abilene .............................................................. 80.6 81.3 80.0 81.1 3.0 3.4 2.8 3.4 3.7 4.2 3.5 4.2

Amarillo ............................................................. 128.6 129.4 128.1 129.5 4.4 5.0 4.1 5.0 3.5 3.9 3.2 3.9

Austin-Round Rock ........................................... 853.7 866.7 851.4 870.0 31.8 40.4 29.6 41.5 3.7 4.7 3.5 4.8

Beaumont-Port Arthur ....................................... 179.6 182.4 179.5 184.6 9.8 13.0 9.1 15.1 5.5 7.1 5.1 8.2

Brownsville-Harlingen ....................................... 141.6 145.6 140.9 145.8 8.3 10.9 7.6 10.8 5.9 7.5 5.4 7.4

See footnotes at end of table.
LABOR FORCE DATA LABOR FORCE DATA

NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED

Table 1. Civilian labor force and unemployment by state and metropolitan area—Continued

(Numbers in thousands)

State and area

Civilian labor force

Unemployed

Number Percent of labor force

September October September October September October

2007 2008 2007 2008p 2007 2008 2007 2008p 2007 2008 2007 2008p

Texas—Continued

College Station-Bryan ....................................... 103.3 106.3 104.3 107.5 3.9 4.5 3.5 4.5 3.7 4.2 3.4 4.2

Corpus Christi ................................................... 198.1 201.6 197.6 201.3 8.8 10.5 8.1 10.5 4.4 5.2 4.1 5.2

Dallas-Fort Worth-Arlington .............................. 3,116.7 3,164.8 3,115.5 3,180.6 134.5 167.1 126.0 173.6 4.3 5.3 4.0 5.5

El Paso ............................................................. 294.3 300.8 294.2 301.9 16.9 19.8 15.7 20.1 5.8 6.6 5.3 6.7

Houston-Sugar Land-Baytown ......................... 2,751.1 2,807.7 2,756.5 2,825.8 118.5 144.2 109.2 152.3 4.3 5.1 4.0 5.4

Killeen-Temple-Fort Hood ................................ 152.3 154.7 152.2 155.5 7.0 8.3 6.6 8.4 4.6 5.4 4.4 5.4

Laredo .............................................................. 87.9 91.0 88.2 91.3 4.1 5.1 3.8 5.2 4.6 5.6 4.3 5.6

Longview .......................................................... 106.2 108.7 106.5 108.9 4.2 4.8 3.9 4.9 4.0 4.4 3.6 4.5

Lubbock ............................................................ 138.9 140.0 138.8 140.5 5.0 5.6 4.6 5.5 3.6 4.0 3.3 3.9

McAllen-Edinburg-Mission ................................ 268.9 283.6 269.2 284.2 16.8 22.5 15.2 21.9 6.3 7.9 5.7 7.7

Midland ............................................................. 72.3 72.8 71.9 72.8 2.1 2.4 2.0 2.3 3.0 3.2 2.7 3.1

Odessa ............................................................. 67.5 69.0 68.0 69.2 2.3 2.6 2.1 2.6 3.4 3.8 3.1 3.7

San Angelo ....................................................... 52.5 52.5 52.3 52.1 1.9 2.3 1.9 2.3 3.7 4.4 3.5 4.5

San Antonio ...................................................... 929.6 951.4 928.5 953.0 38.3 47.6 35.3 48.8 4.1 5.0 3.8 5.1

Sherman-Denison ............................................. 55.9 57.7 56.0 57.9 2.7 3.1 2.6 3.1 4.7 5.3 4.6 5.4

Texarkana ......................................................... 61.9 64.1 62.1 63.8 2.9 3.0 2.8 3.0 4.6 4.7 4.4 4.7

Tyler .................................................................. 96.6 98.1 97.0 99.7 4.0 4.9 3.9 6.4 4.2 5.0 4.0 6.5

Victoria .............................................................. 57.7 57.9 57.4 57.9 2.2 2.5 2.0 2.6 3.8 4.4 3.5 4.4

Waco ................................................................ 113.7 115.2 113.7 115.3 4.8 5.5 4.5 5.4 4.2 4.8 3.9 4.7

Wichita Falls ..................................................... 74.4 75.7 74.0 75.5 3.0 3.9 2.8 4.0 4.1 5.2 3.8 5.3

Utah ...................................................................... 1,376.0 1,390.3 1,380.0 1,389.2 35.8 45.5 36.2 45.7 2.6 3.3 2.6 3.3

Logan ................................................................ 67.7 69.2 68.5 69.7 1.3 1.7 1.3 1.7 2.0 2.5 1.9 2.4

Ogden-Clearfield .............................................. 263.5 265.8 264.5 265.5 7.7 9.3 7.7 9.5 2.9 3.5 2.9 3.6

Provo-Orem ...................................................... 230.4 229.9 231.7 229.8 5.5 6.9 5.7 6.9 2.4 3.0 2.5 3.0

St. George ........................................................ 63.9 63.2 63.6 62.9 1.7 3.0 1.8 3.0 2.7 4.7 2.8 4.7

Salt Lake City ................................................... 604.2 609.0 605.3 609.5 15.6 19.6 15.6 19.7 2.6 3.2 2.6 3.2

Vermont ............................................................... 353.2 353.4 353.3 357.3 12.6 17.2 11.6 16.4 3.6 4.9 3.3 4.6

Burlington-South Burlington .............................. 112.6 112.9 112.7 114.4 3.7 5.0 3.5 4.9 3.3 4.5 3.1 4.3

Virginia ................................................................ 4,058.4 4,129.1 4,057.1 4,139.6 123.2 172.3 120.8 172.9 3.0 4.2 3.0 4.2

Blacksburg-Christiansburg-Radford ................. 78.0 79.5 78.6 80.3 2.8 4.3 2.6 4.1 3.6 5.4 3.3 5.1

Charlottesville ................................................... 105.9 106.8 106.6 107.0 2.4 3.6 2.5 3.7 2.3 3.4 2.3 3.4

Danville ............................................................. 51.2 50.8 53.2 51.6 3.4 3.9 2.9 5.0 6.6 7.6 5.4 9.8

Harrisonburg ..................................................... 64.4 66.6 65.2 66.9 1.5 2.3 1.6 2.4 2.4 3.5 2.4 3.6

Lynchburg ......................................................... 122.0 124.9 122.2 125.7 3.9 5.3 3.8 5.4 3.2 4.2 3.2 4.3

Richmond ......................................................... 641.0 650.0 641.7 652.8 20.2 29.4 19.9 29.0 3.1 4.5 3.1 4.4

Roanoke ........................................................... 155.6 157.3 154.9 158.0 4.9 6.3 4.7 6.5 3.2 4.0 3.0 4.1

Virginia Beach-Norfolk-Newport News ............. 816.1 838.8 812.7 840.1 26.6 36.4 25.6 36.5 3.3 4.3 3.2 4.3

Winchester ........................................................ 65.4 66.3 65.8 66.4 2.0 2.8 2.0 2.8 3.1 4.3 3.0 4.2

Washington ......................................................... 3,430.2 3,492.9 3,447.8 3,524.7 143.3 183.2 139.6 203.8 4.2 5.2 4.0 5.8

Bellingham ........................................................ 104.8 108.1 107.6 110.8 4.1 5.5 4.0 5.7 3.9 5.1 3.7 5.1

Bremerton-Silverdale ........................................ 122.3 124.0 123.6 126.4 5.1 6.5 5.0 7.0 4.2 5.2 4.0 5.5

Kennewick-Pasco-Richland .............................. 122.0 125.5 121.3 126.7 5.3 6.0 5.0 6.6 4.3 4.8 4.1 5.2

Longview .......................................................... 43.9 44.3 43.9 45.5 2.8 3.7 2.6 3.9 6.3 8.3 6.0 8.5

Mount Vernon-Anacortes .................................. 58.7 59.7 58.2 59.9 2.4 3.2 2.4 3.6 4.1 5.4 4.1 5.9

Olympia ............................................................ 127.2 130.9 129.0 133.8 5.3 6.6 5.2 7.3 4.2 5.1 4.0 5.5

Seattle-Tacoma-Bellevue ................................. 1,827.3 1,866.0 1,835.6 1,874.4 71.5 91.2 70.1 103.9 3.9 4.9 3.8 5.5

Spokane ........................................................... 232.9 235.3 235.9 239.0 9.9 12.7 9.7 13.6 4.3 5.4 4.1 5.7

Wenatchee ....................................................... 65.8 66.2 64.2 65.1 2.3 2.8 2.3 2.9 3.5 4.2 3.6 4.5

Yakima .............................................................. 126.3 126.4 125.9 127.6 5.6 7.0 5.3 7.3 4.4 5.6 4.2 5.7

West Virginia ....................................................... 810.4 807.8 808.6 810.5 32.3 29.7 32.8 32.1 4.0 3.7 4.1 4.0

Charleston ........................................................ 140.3 138.8 139.0 138.7 5.1 4.4 5.2 4.7 3.7 3.2 3.7 3.4

Huntington-Ashland .......................................... 134.1 133.5 133.8 133.9 5.9 6.6 5.5 6.3 4.4 4.9 4.1 4.7

Morgantown ...................................................... 63.0 64.4 63.5 64.7 1.9 1.7 2.0 1.8 3.1 2.6 3.1 2.7

Parkersburg-Marietta-Vienna ........................... 80.3 79.8 81.7 80.3 3.5 3.9 3.4 3.8 4.4 4.9 4.2 4.8

Wheeling ........................................................... 68.1 69.1 68.5 69.7 3.2 3.5 3.1 3.7 4.7 5.0 4.6 5.4

Wisconsin ............................................................ 3,088.1 3,086.4 3,084.2 3,088.1 134.2 134.8 128.5 137.1 4.3 4.4 4.2 4.4

Appleton ........................................................... 121.5 120.3 121.3 120.4 5.1 4.8 4.9 5.1 4.2 4.0 4.1 4.2

Eau Claire ......................................................... 90.0 89.3 90.2 89.9 3.6 3.4 3.3 3.5 4.0 3.8 3.7 3.8

Fond du Lac ...................................................... 56.5 57.0 56.3 57.1 2.3 2.3 2.3 2.5 4.1 4.1 4.0 4.3

Green Bay ........................................................ 169.4 168.4 169.3 168.8 7.3 7.3 7.1 7.5 4.3 4.3 4.2 4.4

Janesville .......................................................... 84.0 82.9 83.9 83.0 4.2 5.3 4.3 5.4 5.0 6.4 5.2 6.6

La Crosse ......................................................... 74.6 73.8 75.2 74.3 2.7 2.9 2.6 2.9 3.6 3.9 3.5 3.9

Madison ............................................................ 336.2 334.2 335.6 333.9 11.4 11.4 10.9 11.6 3.4 3.4 3.2 3.5

Milwaukee-Waukesha-West Allis ..................... 798.0 790.3 798.6 791.5 39.1 38.4 36.8 38.2 4.9 4.9 4.6 4.8

Oshkosh-Neenah .............................................. 92.8 92.2 92.4 92.1 3.9 3.7 3.7 3.8 4.2 4.1 4.0 4.1

Racine .............................................................. 98.8 97.1 98.6 97.1 5.3 5.2 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.4 5.2 5.4

Sheboygan ....................................................... 65.7 64.8 65.0 64.4 2.7 2.7 2.6 2.7 4.0 4.1 3.9 4.3

Wausau ............................................................ 74.7 73.7 74.6 73.6 2.9 3.1 2.8 3.0 3.8 4.1 3.7 4.1

Wyoming ............................................................. 288.7 293.7 288.5 293.9 6.6 7.8 6.7 8.0 2.3 2.7 2.3 2.7

Casper .............................................................. 39.3 39.7 39.8 40.3 0.9 1.0 0.9 1.0 2.2 2.5 2.2 2.6

Cheyenne ......................................................... 41.8 41.7 42.2 42.4 1.2 1.5 1.3 1.5 2.9 3.6 3.0 3.4

See footnotes at end of table.
LABOR FORCE DATA LABOR FORCE DATA

NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED

Table 1. Civilian labor force and unemployment by state and metropolitan area—Continued

(Numbers in thousands)

State and area

Civilian labor force

Unemployed

Number Percent of labor force

September October September October September October

2007 2008 2007 2008p 2007 2008 2007 2008p 2007 2008 2007 2008p

Puerto Rico ......................................................... 1,362.7 1,362.7 1,366.5 1,357.6 150.8 162.9 162.5 171.9 11.1 12.0 11.9 12.7

Aguadilla-Isabela-San Sebastian ..................... 111.4 112.7 112.0 112.3 13.8 14.6 14.6 15.3 12.4 12.9 13.1 13.6

Fajardo ............................................................. 29.1 28.5 28.9 29.0 4.0 4.1 4.3 4.3 13.7 14.2 14.7 14.7

Guayama .......................................................... 26.6 27.9 26.7 27.5 3.8 4.3 4.2 4.5 14.3 15.3 15.6 16.5

Mayaguez ......................................................... 37.0 37.2 37.2 37.1 4.4 4.9 4.8 5.2 11.8 13.1 13.0 14.1

Ponce ............................................................... 90.7 91.2 90.6 91.3 10.5 11.2 11.4 12.0 11.6 12.3 12.6 13.1

San German-Cabo Rojo ................................... 52.7 52.0 53.1 51.9 6.0 6.6 6.4 7.0 11.3 12.6 12.1 13.5

San Juan-Caguas-Guaynabo ........................... 921.8 914.6 923.5 908.5 95.0 102.9 102.5 108.4 10.3 11.2 11.1 11.9

Yauco ............................................................... 37.9 39.0 38.1 39.6 5.4 5.6 5.6 5.9 14.1 14.3 14.8 15.0

p = preliminary. 1 Area boundaries do not reflect official OMB definitions.

 NOTE: Data refer to place of residence. Data for Puerto Rico are derived from a

monthly household survey similar to the Current Population Survey. Area

definitions are based on Office of Management and Budget Bulletin No. 08-01,

dated November 20, 2007, and are available at http://www.bls.gov/lau/

lausmsa.htm. Areas in the six New England states are Metropolitan New England

City and Town Areas (NECTAs), while areas in other states are county-based.

Some metropolitan areas lie in two or more states. They are listed under the state

that appears first in their titles. Davenport-Moline-Rock Island, Iowa-Ill., and

Weirton-Steubenville, W.Va.-Ohio, are the exceptions in that they are listed under

Illinois and Ohio, respectively, for operational reasons. Estimates for the latest

month are subject to revision the following month.
LABOR FORCE DATA LABOR FORCE DATA

NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED

Table 2. Civilian labor force and unemployment by state, selected metropolitan area, and metropolitan division 1

(Numbers in thousands)

State, area, and division 

Civilian labor force

Unemployed

Number Percent of labor force

September October September October September October

2007 2008 2007 2008p 2007 2008 2007 2008p 2007 2008 2007 2008p

California .............................................................. 18,262.0 18,485.3 18,277.9 18,605.2 985.5 1,389.5 986.6 1,486.3 5.4 7.5 5.4 8.0

Los Angeles-Long Beach-Santa Ana ................... 6,582.3 6,579.1 6,594.1 6,626.0 326.3 480.0 318.0 509.6 5.0 7.3 4.8 7.7

 Los Angeles-Long Beach-Glendale ................... 4,953.1 4,942.9 4,960.8 4,981.0 257.6 385.0 249.5 410.5 5.2 7.8 5.0 8.2

 Santa Ana-Anaheim-Irvine ................................ 1,629.1 1,636.2 1,633.3 1,645.0 68.7 95.0 68.4 99.1 4.2 5.8 4.2 6.0

San Francisco-Oakland-Fremont ......................... 2,236.7 2,274.6 2,243.8 2,288.6 101.7 138.9 101.2 147.7 4.5 6.1 4.5 6.5

 Oakland-Fremont-Hayward ............................... 1,283.5 1,299.0 1,287.7 1,307.9 62.9 87.4 62.9 92.8 4.9 6.7 4.9 7.1

 San Francisco-San Mateo-Redwood City ......... 953.2 975.6 956.0 980.7 38.9 51.5 38.4 54.9 4.1 5.3 4.0 5.6

District of Columbia .......................................... 325.4 331.6 325.1 329.8 19.3 23.6 17.8 24.7 5.9 7.1 5.5 7.5

Washington-Arlington-Alexandria 2 ...................... 2,982.6 3,013.2 2,984.1 3,023.9 90.2 118.7 88.6 124.3 3.0 3.9 3.0 4.1

 Bethesda-Frederick-Gaithersburg 3 .................. 634.2 635.2 636.3 637.9 17.0 21.4 17.2 23.6 2.7 3.4 2.7 3.7

 Washington-Arlington-Alexandria 2 ................... 2,348.4 2,378.0 2,347.9 2,386.0 73.2 97.3 71.5 100.7 3.1 4.1 3.0 4.2

Florida .................................................................... 9,206.8 9,373.4 9,205.4 9,379.0 409.5 643.6 400.5 660.4 4.4 6.9 4.4 7.0

Miami-Fort Lauderdale-Pompano Beach .............. 2,833.7 2,875.4 2,846.3 2,882.2 119.8 184.1 118.3 186.2 4.2 6.4 4.2 6.5

 Fort Lauderdale-Pompano Beach-Deerfield

Beach ............................................................. 1,003.5 1,010.0 1,000.8 1,009.6 39.4 62.0 38.4 63.3 3.9 6.1 3.8 6.3

 Miami-Miami Beach-Kendall .............................. 1,187.0 1,209.4 1,200.7 1,215.5 48.3 73.7 49.4 74.4 4.1 6.1 4.1 6.1

 West Palm Beach-Boca Raton-Boynton Beach 643.2 656.0 644.9 657.1 32.1 48.4 30.5 48.5 5.0 7.4 4.7 7.4

Illinois .................................................................... 6,715.5 6,691.5 6,719.0 6,635.3 328.8 435.9 322.1 449.3 4.9 6.5 4.8 6.8

Chicago-Naperville-Joliet 2 ................................... 4,896.1 4,900.7 4,894.6 4,841.7 231.8 308.0 222.9 309.5 4.7 6.3 4.6 6.4

 Chicago-Naperville-Joliet ................................... 4,106.8 4,104.1 4,107.0 4,047.1 196.4 260.3 188.6 259.0 4.8 6.3 4.6 6.4

 Gary 3 ................................................................ 328.7 335.8 329.3 335.7 14.0 18.6 13.8 18.9 4.3 5.5 4.2 5.6

 Lake County-Kenosha County 2 ........................ 460.7 460.8 458.3 458.9 21.4 29.1 20.6 31.5 4.7 6.3 4.5 6.9

Massachusetts ................................................... 3,393.3 3,396.4 3,389.1 3,411.8 148.7 180.5 130.7 170.1 4.4 5.3 3.9 5.0

Boston-Cambridge-Quincy 2 ................................ 2,469.5 2,483.3 2,473.9 2,498.0 101.4 123.5 89.5 114.9 4.1 5.0 3.6 4.6

 Boston-Cambridge-Quincy ................................ 1,493.4 1,502.9 1,496.6 1,512.4 59.7 71.8 52.1 66.1 4.0 4.8 3.5 4.4

 Brockton-Bridgewater-Easton ............................ 123.9 124.0 124.3 124.9 6.1 7.4 5.5 7.0 5.0 6.0 4.4 5.6

 Framingham ...................................................... 145.0 145.8 145.4 146.8 5.2 6.2 4.5 5.8 3.6 4.3 3.1 3.9

 Haverhill-North Andover-Amesbury 2 ................ 120.4 120.7 120.2 120.9 5.0 6.3 4.5 5.9 4.1 5.2 3.8 4.9

 Lawrence-Methuen-Salem 2 .............................. 69.3 69.7 68.8 69.7 4.5 5.9 4.1 5.6 6.5 8.5 6.0 8.1

 Lowell-Billerica-Chelmsford 2 ............................ 150.9 151.5 151.0 152.6 6.7 8.4 6.0 7.9 4.4 5.5 4.0 5.2

 Nashua 2 ........................................................... 178.0 179.8 178.7 180.4 5.7 7.1 5.4 6.8 3.2 3.9 3.0 3.8

 Peabody ............................................................ 126.1 126.2 126.0 127.0 5.7 6.9 5.0 6.6 4.6 5.4 4.0 5.2

 Taunton-Norton-Raynham ................................. 62.7 62.7 62.8 63.2 2.8 3.5 2.4 3.4 4.5 5.7 3.9 5.4

Michigan ............................................................... 5,008.6 4,920.4 4,998.0 4,932.3 348.0 407.2 336.7 422.6 6.9 8.3 6.7 8.6

Detroit-Warren-Livonia ......................................... 2,138.1 2,122.9 2,138.9 2,127.0 166.4 176.0 166.8 187.0 7.8 8.3 7.8 8.8

 Detroit-Livonia-Dearborn ................................... 877.9 865.5 879.6 868.2 78.6 83.5 81.7 87.4 9.0 9.7 9.3 10.1

 Warren-Troy-Farmington Hills ........................... 1,260.2 1,257.3 1,259.3 1,258.9 87.7 92.5 85.2 99.6 7.0 7.4 6.8 7.9

New York .............................................................. 9,481.9 9,597.2 9,506.2 9,638.9 423.4 541.0 417.5 525.4 4.5 5.6 4.4 5.5

New York-Northern New Jersey-Long Island 2 .... 9,281.9 9,413.6 9,312.8 9,470.7 408.0 521.0 400.3 516.9 4.4 5.5 4.3 5.5

 Edison-New Brunswick 3 ................................... 1,186.9 1,203.2 1,188.2 1,210.6 43.5 62.0 40.6 62.7 3.7 5.2 3.4 5.2

 Nassau-Suffolk .................................................. 1,479.2 1,495.8 1,481.8 1,501.1 57.2 78.2 52.6 74.2 3.9 5.2 3.5 4.9

 New York-White Plains-Wayne 2 ....................... 5,533.9 5,616.8 5,558.0 5,651.9 262.7 319.2 265.1 318.3 4.7 5.7 4.8 5.6

 Newark-Union 3 ................................................. 1,081.9 1,097.9 1,084.9 1,107.1 44.6 61.6 42.0 61.6 4.1 5.6 3.9 5.6

Pennsylvania ....................................................... 6,281.9 6,430.1 6,290.1 6,445.4 254.6 337.3 255.0 347.3 4.1 5.2 4.1 5.4

Philadelphia-Camden-Wilmington 2 ..................... 2,934.4 2,979.4 2,953.2 3,008.3 122.5 165.1 121.0 169.8 4.2 5.5 4.1 5.6

 Camden 3 .......................................................... 653.0 664.5 656.9 671.1 27.2 37.9 25.5 38.3 4.2 5.7 3.9 5.7

 Philadelphia ....................................................... 1,926.7 1,957.7 1,936.3 1,973.4 82.6 109.2 82.7 111.6 4.3 5.6 4.3 5.7

 Wilmington 3 ...................................................... 354.8 357.2 360.1 363.8 12.6 18.0 12.8 19.9 3.6 5.0 3.6 5.5

Texas ...................................................................... 11,542.1 11,797.3 11,533.3 11,831.1 502.0 616.1 465.6 636.8 4.3 5.2 4.0 5.4

Dallas-Fort Worth-Arlington .................................. 3,116.7 3,164.8 3,115.5 3,180.6 134.5 167.1 126.0 173.6 4.3 5.3 4.0 5.5

 Dallas-Plano-Irving ............................................ 2,081.8 2,112.4 2,081.6 2,124.6 91.1 113.8 85.6 118.5 4.4 5.4 4.1 5.6

 Fort Worth-Arlington .......................................... 1,034.9 1,052.4 1,033.9 1,056.0 43.4 53.2 40.5 55.2 4.2 5.1 3.9 5.2

Washington ......................................................... 3,430.2 3,492.9 3,447.8 3,524.7 143.3 183.2 139.6 203.8 4.2 5.2 4.0 5.8

Seattle-Tacoma-Bellevue ..................................... 1,827.3 1,866.0 1,835.6 1,874.4 71.5 91.2 70.1 103.9 3.9 4.9 3.8 5.5

 Seattle-Bellevue-Everett .................................... 1,440.4 1,467.3 1,443.9 1,471.0 54.1 68.2 53.1 78.5 3.8 4.7 3.7 5.3

 Tacoma .............................................................. 386.8 398.7 391.7 403.4 17.3 22.9 17.0 25.4 4.5 5.8 4.3 6.3

p = preliminary. 1 These 11 areas contain all of the 34 metropolitan divisions. 2 Part of the area (or division) is in one or more adjacent states. 3 All of the division is in one or more adjacent states.

 NOTE: Data refer to place of residence. Area definitions are based on Office of

Management and Budget Bulletin No. 08-01, dated November 20, 2007, and are

available at http://www.bls.gov/lau/lausmsa.htm. Areas in the six New England

states are Metropolitan New England City and Town Areas (NECTAs), while areas

in other states are county-based. Some metropolitan areas lie in two or more states.

They are listed under the state that corresponds to the first city in their title.

Metropolitan divisions are listed under their metropolitan areas. Some divisions lie in

more than one state, and some, like Camden, N.J., are totally outside the states

under which their metropolitan areas are listed. Three sets of metropolitan areas

and divisions have similar or identical titles. For Washington-Arlington-Alexandria,

D.C.-Va.-Md.-W.Va., the metropolitan area and division titles are identical. For the

Boston-Cambridge-Quincy, Mass.-N.H., and Chicago-Naperville-Joliet, Ill.-Ind.-Wis.,

metropolitan areas, the division titles are similar but include only Massachusetts and

Illinois, respectively. Estimates for the latest month are subject to revision the

following month.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA ESTABLISHMENT DATA

NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED

Table 3. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by state and metropolitan area

(Numbers in thousands)

State and area 

September October Change from October 2007 to

October 2008 p

2007 2008 2007 2008p Number Percent

Alabama ................................................................................. 2,013.6 2,012.1 2,014.2 2,011.3 -2.9 -0.1

Anniston-Oxford .................................................................. 53.5 53.7 53.4 53.5 .1 .2

Auburn-Opelika ................................................................... 56.3 56.7 56.1 56.8 .7 1.2

Birmingham-Hoover ............................................................ 532.9 531.7 534.4 532.0 -2.4 -.4

Decatur ............................................................................... 59.4 58.7 59.4 58.6 -.8 -1.3

Dothan ................................................................................ 63.1 62.4 62.8 62.3 -.5 -.8

Florence-Muscle Shoals ..................................................... 57.8 58.2 57.7 58.1 .4 .7

Huntsville ............................................................................ 211.2 215.1 211.6 215.1 3.5 1.7

Mobile ................................................................................. 183.4 184.2 183.8 184.4 .6 .3

Montgomery ........................................................................ 180.1 181.5 180.4 181.8 1.4 .8

Tuscaloosa ......................................................................... 98.5 98.7 98.5 98.8 .3 .3

Alaska .................................................................................... 332.2 333.7 314.6 316.7 2.1 .7

Anchorage .......................................................................... 172.2 173.5 168.8 170.0 1.2 .7

Arizona .................................................................................. 2,670.4 2,611.1 2,679.8 2,608.9 -70.9 -2.6

Flagstaff .............................................................................. 66.2 65.3 65.5 64.7 -.8 -1.2

Lake Havasu City-Kingman ................................................ 53.7 51.4 54.0 50.7 -3.3 -6.1

Phoenix-Mesa-Scottsdale ................................................... 1,911.2 1,867.8 1,917.6 1,868.3 -49.3 -2.6

Prescott .............................................................................. 65.5 64.0 65.7 63.7 -2.0 -3.0

Tucson ................................................................................ 381.9 372.8 384.8 372.1 -12.7 -3.3

Yuma .................................................................................. 52.2 51.6 53.2 51.8 -1.4 -2.6

Arkansas ............................................................................... 1,211.3 1,214.7 1,211.9 1,212.3 .4 .0

Fayetteville-Springdale-Rogers .......................................... 208.7 210.5 209.3 211.0 1.7 .8

Fort Smith ........................................................................... 126.9 127.1 126.3 126.2 -.1 -.1

Little Rock-North Little Rock-Conway ................................. 348.7 349.7 348.7 348.8 .1 .0

California ............................................................................... 15,193.2 15,104.1 15,228.6 15,127.7 -100.9 -.7

Bakersfield .......................................................................... 239.0 242.0 240.4 243.7 3.3 1.4

Chico .................................................................................. 76.9 77.1 76.6 76.4 -.2 -.3

Fresno ................................................................................ 306.5 305.2 306.9 304.7 -2.2 -.7

Los Angeles-Long Beach-Santa Ana ................................. 5,628.3 5,572.7 5,639.9 5,589.3 -50.6 -.9

Merced ................................................................................ 59.5 60.6 59.4 60.4 1.0 1.7

Modesto .............................................................................. 162.9 162.0 159.0 158.1 -.9 -.6

Napa ................................................................................... 64.3 63.8 64.4 64.4 .0 .0

Oxnard-Thousand Oaks-Ventura ....................................... 295.3 287.4 293.8 288.3 -5.5 -1.9

Redding .............................................................................. 66.6 65.7 66.5 65.0 -1.5 -2.3

Riverside-San Bernardino-Ontario ..................................... 1,262.0 1,242.2 1,266.4 1,244.1 -22.3 -1.8

Sacramento—Arden-Arcade—Roseville ............................ 903.9 892.9 905.9 894.5 -11.4 -1.3

Salinas ................................................................................ 129.3 130.5 129.4 130.4 1.0 .8

San Diego-Carlsbad-San Marcos ....................................... 1,308.3 1,300.4 1,313.1 1,300.9 -12.2 -.9

San Francisco-Oakland-Fremont ....................................... 2,042.5 2,026.6 2,049.7 2,029.5 -20.2 -1.0

San Jose-Sunnyvale-Santa Clara ...................................... 908.1 911.0 913.2 913.9 .7 .1

San Luis Obispo-Paso Robles ............................................ 103.7 102.7 105.6 103.9 -1.7 -1.6

Santa Barbara-Santa Maria-Goleta .................................... 172.7 172.9 175.4 174.1 -1.3 -.7

Santa Cruz-Watsonville ...................................................... 95.9 96.0 98.6 97.0 -1.6 -1.6

Santa Rosa-Petaluma ........................................................ 191.8 191.2 192.7 191.6 -1.1 -.6

Stockton .............................................................................. 214.5 213.6 214.8 212.3 -2.5 -1.2

Vallejo-Fairfield ................................................................... 128.1 125.7 127.5 125.7 -1.8 -1.4

Visalia-Porterville ................................................................ 113.9 112.1 114.4 112.3 -2.1 -1.8

Colorado ................................................................................ 2,352.2 2,373.9 2,348.5 2,360.2 11.7 .5

Boulder .............................................................................. 167.6 170.0 168.3 170.7 2.4 1.4

Colorado Springs ................................................................ 263.6 263.0 262.7 261.0 -1.7 -.6

Denver-Aurora .................................................................... 1,253.4 1,263.1 1,254.7 1,256.3 1.6 .1

Fort Collins-Loveland .......................................................... 140.5 141.3 139.5 139.5 .0 .0

Grand Junction ................................................................... 63.9 66.6 64.1 66.6 2.5 3.9

Greeley ............................................................................... 83.4 84.5 84.0 84.9 .9 1.1

Pueblo ................................................................................ 58.8 59.3 59.1 59.3 .2 .3

Connecticut ........................................................................... 1,704.0 1,703.9 1,712.5 1,709.0 -3.5 -.2

Bridgeport-Stamford-Norwalk ............................................. 421.7 424.5 422.9 425.3 2.4 .6

Danbury .............................................................................. 69.8 71.1 70.2 71.4 1.2 1.7

Hartford-West Hartford-East Hartford ................................. 558.5 567.3 562.6 570.8 8.2 1.5

New Haven ......................................................................... 277.9 277.9 280.2 280.2 .0 .0

Norwich-New London ......................................................... 137.4 137.4 137.0 136.4 -.6 -.4

Waterbury ........................................................................... 68.2 68.8 68.7 69.0 .3 .4

Delaware ................................................................................ 437.8 439.3 438.4 438.3 -.1 .0

Dover .................................................................................. 66.0 65.8 66.4 65.9 -.5 -.8

District of Columbia ............................................................. 690.7 704.3 699.5 710.1 10.6 1.5

Washington-Arlington-Alexandria ....................................... 2,992.3 3,030.7 3,005.2 3,040.9 35.7 1.2

Florida .................................................................................... 7,984.7 7,869.1 8,022.4 7,870.3 -152.1 -1.9

Bradenton-Sarasota-Venice ............................................... 293.6 285.9 292.2 284.7 -7.5 -2.6

Cape Coral-Fort Myers ....................................................... 222.3 215.0 223.1 215.4 -7.7 -3.5

Deltona-Daytona Beach-Ormond Beach ............................ 171.6 169.2 172.0 169.3 -2.7 -1.6

Fort Walton Beach-Crestview-Destin ................................. 85.4 83.9 85.0 83.2 -1.8 -2.1

Gainesville .......................................................................... 135.8 137.3 136.7 137.4 .7 .5

Jacksonville ........................................................................ 630.7 625.1 633.3 624.0 -9.3 -1.5

Lakeland-Winter Haven ...................................................... 213.9 208.2 213.9 208.2 -5.7 -2.7

Miami-Fort Lauderdale-Pompano Beach ............................ 2,420.8 2,388.1 2,431.6 2,391.1 -40.5 -1.7

See footnotes at end of table.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA ESTABLISHMENT DATA

NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED

Table 3. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by state and metropolitan area—Continued

(Numbers in thousands)

State and area 

September October Change from October 2007 to

October 2008 p

2007 2008 2007 2008p Number Percent

Florida—Continued 

Naples-Marco Island ........................................................... 125.7 122.2 127.2 123.4 -3.8 -3.0

Ocala .................................................................................. 105.0 103.2 105.6 103.2 -2.4 -2.3

Orlando-Kissimmee ............................................................ 1,096.1 1,096.0 1,101.6 1,097.2 -4.4 -.4

Palm Bay-Melbourne-Titusville ........................................... 210.9 208.8 211.3 208.4 -2.9 -1.4

Panama City-Lynn Haven ................................................... 77.2 75.5 76.9 75.2 -1.7 -2.2

Pensacola-Ferry Pass-Brent .............................................. 175.4 174.0 175.2 173.1 -2.1 -1.2

Port St. Lucie ...................................................................... 131.8 132.2 132.7 132.5 -.2 -.2

Tallahassee ........................................................................ 179.7 178.1 181.0 179.3 -1.7 -.9

Tampa-St. Petersburg-Clearwater ...................................... 1,292.5 1,271.7 1,292.1 1,270.9 -21.2 -1.6

Georgia .................................................................................. 4,154.3 4,105.8 4,171.4 4,110.1 -61.3 -1.5

Albany ................................................................................. 64.7 63.9 64.5 64.1 -.4 -.6

Athens-Clarke County ........................................................ 83.7 84.0 84.3 84.4 .1 .1

Atlanta-Sandy Springs-Marietta .......................................... 2,466.9 2,434.1 2,479.5 2,434.7 -44.8 -1.8

Augusta-Richmond County ................................................. 217.0 214.9 217.0 214.4 -2.6 -1.2

Columbus ........................................................................... 121.6 120.8 122.0 120.1 -1.9 -1.6

Dalton ................................................................................. 78.2 75.7 78.0 75.1 -2.9 -3.7

Gainesville .......................................................................... 77.4 77.5 77.6 77.5 -.1 -.1

Macon ................................................................................. 100.3 99.9 100.8 100.7 -.1 -.1

Savannah ........................................................................... 161.6 160.4 162.4 160.4 -2.0 -1.2

Valdosta .............................................................................. 56.2 55.3 56.7 55.5 -1.2 -2.1

Warner Robins .................................................................... 58.9 58.3 59.2 58.7 -.5 -.8

Hawaii .................................................................................... 622.4 620.2 623.4 621.5 -1.9 -.3

Honolulu ............................................................................. 454.9 452.2 455.3 454.4 -.9 -.2

Idaho ...................................................................................... 667.5 658.5 664.5 652.7 -11.8 -1.8

Boise City-Nampa ............................................................... 278.1 275.1 279.0 273.3 -5.7 -2.0

Coeur d’Alene ..................................................................... 58.5 59.3 58.6 58.9 .3 .5

Illinois .................................................................................... 6,024.3 6,010.0 6,029.2 6,009.9 -19.3 -.3

Bloomington-Normal ........................................................... 92.3 92.9 92.6 92.8 .2 .2

Champaign-Urbana ............................................................ 114.6 114.3 115.9 116.1 .2 .2

Chicago-Naperville-Joliet .................................................... 4,587.8 4,587.6 4,588.5 4,576.1 -12.4 -.3

Davenport-Moline-Rock Island ........................................... 189.1 190.2 189.1 189.7 .6 .3

Decatur ............................................................................... 55.8 55.7 56.0 55.8 -.2 -.4

Peoria ................................................................................. 188.7 190.7 189.0 190.5 1.5 .8

Rockford ............................................................................. 163.4 162.6 160.5 162.3 1.8 1.1

Springfield ........................................................................... 111.9 112.3 112.3 112.5 .2 .2

Indiana ................................................................................... 3,021.1 2,994.2 3,025.9 2,993.9 -32.0 -1.1

Bloomington ........................................................................ 85.7 85.3 86.0 86.4 .4 .5

Elkhart-Goshen ................................................................... 130.4 125.1 130.1 124.3 -5.8 -4.5

Evansville ........................................................................... 180.9 180.7 181.3 180.6 -.7 -.4

Fort Wayne ......................................................................... 219.1 218.7 219.6 217.4 -2.2 -1.0

Indianapolis-Carmel ............................................................ 925.5 927.1 927.0 929.9 2.9 .3

Lafayette ............................................................................. 96.3 96.1 96.5 96.6 .1 .1

Muncie ................................................................................ 54.8 54.1 54.8 54.2 -.6 -1.1

South Bend-Mishawaka ...................................................... 146.5 143.0 147.2 144.4 -2.8 -1.9

Terre Haute ........................................................................ 75.1 73.6 75.2 73.9 -1.3 -1.7

Iowa ........................................................................................ 1,527.3 1,533.0 1,534.5 1,540.4 5.9 .4

Cedar Rapids ...................................................................... 137.7 138.8 138.2 140.0 1.8 1.3

Des Moines-West Des Moines ........................................... 323.8 324.9 325.1 326.0 .9 .3

Dubuque ............................................................................. 56.2 55.2 56.3 55.5 -.8 -1.4

Iowa City ............................................................................. 91.0 90.8 92.1 91.2 -.9 -1.0

Sioux City ........................................................................... 74.8 73.7 74.9 73.9 -1.0 -1.3

Waterloo-Cedar Falls .......................................................... 90.7 91.0 91.6 92.3 .7 .8

Kansas ................................................................................... 1,391.0 1,393.5 1,393.7 1,402.3 8.6 .6

Topeka ................................................................................ 110.8 111.1 110.5 111.1 .6 .5

Wichita ................................................................................ 305.0 304.5 306.5 305.7 -.8 -.3

Kentucky ............................................................................... 1,877.9 1,873.4 1,885.3 1,872.6 -12.7 -.7

Bowling Green .................................................................... 62.8 63.2 63.1 62.8 -.3 -.5

Lexington-Fayette ............................................................... 256.8 257.3 258.2 258.0 -.2 -.1

Louisville-Jefferson County ................................................ 631.3 626.3 632.8 624.6 -8.2 -1.3

Louisiana ............................................................................... 1,933.1 1,940.2 1,941.2 1,951.1 9.9 .5

Alexandria ........................................................................... 65.6 65.4 65.8 65.8 .0 .0

Baton Rouge ....................................................................... 373.7 373.4 375.3 376.6 1.3 .3

Houma-Bayou Cane-Thibodaux ......................................... 95.9 95.0 96.6 95.7 -.9 -.9

Lafayette ............................................................................. 150.2 152.2 150.8 153.4 2.6 1.7

Lake Charles ...................................................................... 92.5 92.1 92.7 92.9 .2 .2

Monroe ............................................................................... 79.8 78.9 79.7 78.9 -.8 -1.0

New Orleans-Metairie-Kenner ............................................ 517.5 525.2 521.4 531.0 9.6 1.8

Shreveport-Bossier City ...................................................... 180.4 182.3 180.6 182.7 2.1 1.2

Maine ..................................................................................... 628.8 625.6 626.3 622.2 -4.1 -.7

Bangor ................................................................................ 66.3 66.4 67.4 67.2 -.2 -.3

Portland-South Portland-Biddeford ..................................... 197.6 197.2 197.6 196.2 -1.4 -.7

See footnotes at end of table.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA ESTABLISHMENT DATA

NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED

Table 3. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by state and metropolitan area—Continued

(Numbers in thousands)

State and area 

September October Change from October 2007 to

October 2008 p

2007 2008 2007 2008p Number Percent

Maryland ................................................................................ 2,618.6 2,645.0 2,627.9 2,650.7 22.8 0.9

Baltimore-Towson .............................................................. 1,322.0 1,330.4 1,328.4 1,335.4 7.0 .5

Hagerstown-Martinsburg .................................................... 102.5 103.4 102.5 103.3 .8 .8

Salisbury ............................................................................. 56.1 56.4 56.1 56.5 .4 .7

Massachusetts ...................................................................... 3,299.9 3,309.2 3,310.0 3,314.5 4.5 .1

Barnstable Town ................................................................. 105.1 104.7 101.1 100.9 -.2 -.2

Boston-Cambridge-Quincy ................................................ 2,494.2 2,513.7 2,504.7 2,519.6 14.9 .6

New Bedford ....................................................................... 67.1 66.4 67.5 66.5 -1.0 -1.5

Springfield ........................................................................... 298.9 298.0 299.9 298.1 -1.8 -.6

Worcester ........................................................................... 249.2 246.1 249.4 247.1 -2.3 -.9

Michigan ................................................................................ 4,297.2 4,215.8 4,282.8 4,210.6 -72.2 -1.7

Ann Arbor ........................................................................... 200.3 198.5 202.0 199.5 -2.5 -1.2

Battle Creek ........................................................................ 59.0 58.0 58.9 57.6 -1.3 -2.2

Detroit-Warren-Livonia ....................................................... 1,966.0 1,905.1 1,964.4 1,908.7 -55.7 -2.8

Flint ..................................................................................... 148.2 140.0 148.3 139.8 -8.5 -5.7

Grand Rapids-Wyoming ..................................................... 396.8 396.3 397.6 397.6 .0 .0

Holland-Grand Haven ......................................................... 115.2 113.0 115.0 112.5 -2.5 -2.2

Jackson .............................................................................. 58.1 57.2 58.3 57.4 -.9 -1.5

Kalamazoo-Portage ............................................................ 148.6 146.9 148.6 147.1 -1.5 -1.0

Lansing-East Lansing ......................................................... 227.5 223.5 228.8 224.1 -4.7 -2.1

Muskegon-Norton Shores ................................................... 66.2 65.6 65.6 64.6 -1.0 -1.5

Niles-Benton Harbor ........................................................... 66.7 66.4 66.4 66.2 -.2 -.3

Saginaw-Saginaw Township North ..................................... 89.7 87.3 90.4 87.4 -3.0 -3.3

Minnesota .............................................................................. 2,787.9 2,771.3 2,796.9 2,780.0 -16.9 -.6

Duluth ................................................................................. 135.4 134.0 136.1 134.7 -1.4 -1.0

Minneapolis-St. Paul-Bloomington ..................................... 1,805.2 1,796.3 1,812.8 1,798.2 -14.6 -.8

Rochester ........................................................................... 108.1 108.6 108.0 108.5 .5 .5

St. Cloud ............................................................................. 103.4 103.5 104.8 104.8 .0 .0

Mississippi ............................................................................ 1,160.1 1,148.0 1,159.0 1,143.6 -15.4 -1.3

Gulfport-Biloxi ..................................................................... 111.6 110.0 111.3 109.8 -1.5 -1.3

Hattiesburg ......................................................................... 62.0 59.9 61.8 60.2 -1.6 -2.6

Jackson .............................................................................. 262.3 260.6 263.5 260.6 -2.9 -1.1

Pascagoula ......................................................................... 58.5 59.3 58.6 59.2 .6 1.0

Missouri ................................................................................ 2,817.4 2,798.8 2,819.1 2,804.1 -15.0 -.5

Columbia ............................................................................ 93.7 94.0 95.2 95.3 .1 .1

Jefferson City ...................................................................... 79.7 79.5 80.1 79.9 -.2 -.2

Joplin .................................................................................. 80.6 81.5 80.8 81.9 1.1 1.4

Kansas City ....................................................................... 1,022.3 1,017.2 1,022.4 1,017.3 -5.1 -.5

St. Joseph ........................................................................... 59.5 59.6 59.9 59.8 -.1 -.2

St. Louis 1 ........................................................................... 1,365.6 1,353.1 1,365.2 1,353.5 -11.7 -.9

Springfield .......................................................................... 203.3 204.6 203.7 204.2 .5 .2

Montana ................................................................................. 450.5 455.4 449.2 454.5 5.3 1.2

Billings ................................................................................ 81.2 81.6 81.4 82.5 1.1 1.4

Missoula ............................................................................. 57.9 57.5 57.8 58.6 .8 1.4

Nebraska ............................................................................... 969.2 978.9 972.1 978.8 6.7 .7

Lincoln ................................................................................ 175.1 176.3 176.1 177.2 1.1 .6

Omaha-Council Bluffs ......................................................... 468.0 470.7 468.5 471.3 2.8 .6

Nevada ................................................................................... 1,291.7 1,284.1 1,294.1 1,287.4 -6.7 -.5

Las Vegas-Paradise ........................................................... 923.4 923.9 927.1 929.1 2.0 .2

Reno-Sparks ....................................................................... 226.5 221.7 226.3 220.6 -5.7 -2.5

New Hampshire ..................................................................... 659.7 663.1 658.1 661.7 3.6 .5

Manchester ......................................................................... 101.6 101.4 101.9 101.8 -.1 -.1

Portsmouth ......................................................................... 57.3 57.7 56.5 57.3 .8 1.4

Rochester-Dover ................................................................ 56.7 58.0 57.7 58.7 1.0 1.7

New Jersey ............................................................................ 4,073.3 4,060.2 4,093.7 4,075.4 -18.3 -.4

Atlantic City-Hammonton .................................................... 151.7 151.9 149.3 148.8 -.5 -.3

Trenton-Ewing .................................................................... 237.2 236.9 239.3 238.1 -1.2 -.5

Vineland-Millville-Bridgeton ................................................ 62.1 60.8 62.5 61.6 -.9 -1.4

New Mexico ........................................................................... 850.4 853.3 849.9 850.9 1.0 .1

Albuquerque ....................................................................... 396.9 395.4 396.4 394.9 -1.5 -.4

Las Cruces ......................................................................... 68.7 70.2 69.3 70.7 1.4 2.0

Santa Fe ............................................................................. 66.6 66.0 65.5 65.3 -.2 -.3

New York ............................................................................... 8,752.3 8,769.4 8,831.5 8,828.6 -2.9 .0

Albany-Schenectady-Troy .................................................. 449.1 449.9 453.3 453.3 .0 .0

Binghamton ........................................................................ 115.0 114.6 116.5 115.8 -.7 -.6

Buffalo-Niagara Falls .......................................................... 550.6 551.9 554.7 554.9 .2 .0

Glens Falls .......................................................................... 55.4 55.4 54.8 54.8 .0 .0

Ithaca .................................................................................. 64.5 64.6 65.6 65.4 -.2 -.3

Kingston .............................................................................. 64.5 64.3 65.1 65.1 .0 .0

New York-Northern New Jersey-Long Island ..................... 8,581.5 8,602.4 8,647.6 8,648.8 1.2 .0

Poughkeepsie-Newburgh-Middletown ................................ 254.6 254.9 257.8 258.3 .5 .2

Rochester ........................................................................... 515.3 511.6 520.4 517.0 -3.4 -.7

Syracuse ............................................................................. 326.0 326.6 328.7 328.3 -.4 -.1

Utica-Rome ......................................................................... 133.2 132.8 135.1 134.4 -.7 -.5

See footnotes at end of table.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA ESTABLISHMENT DATA

NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED

Table 3. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by state and metropolitan area—Continued

(Numbers in thousands)

State and area 

September October Change from October 2007 to

October 2008 p

2007 2008 2007 2008p Number Percent

North Carolina ....................................................................... 4,184.7 4,176.1 4,198.1 4,177.0 -21.1 -0.5

Asheville ............................................................................. 179.9 181.6 180.9 180.9 .0 .0

Burlington ........................................................................... 61.8 61.6 61.9 61.5 -.4 -.6

Charlotte-Gastonia-Concord ............................................... 864.7 878.9 871.5 879.4 7.9 .9

Durham ............................................................................... 291.1 294.6 291.2 293.6 2.4 .8

Fayetteville ......................................................................... 127.9 129.6 129.2 130.1 .9 .7

Greensboro-High Point ....................................................... 373.8 376.2 375.3 378.0 2.7 .7

Greenville ........................................................................... 78.1 78.9 78.5 79.2 .7 .9

Hickory-Lenoir-Morganton .................................................. 163.6 162.1 164.2 161.9 -2.3 -1.4

Raleigh-Cary ....................................................................... 522.0 532.4 525.5 534.3 8.8 1.7

Rocky Mount ....................................................................... 64.8 65.0 65.3 65.1 -.2 -.3

Wilmington .......................................................................... 149.5 151.8 148.6 150.2 1.6 1.1

Winston-Salem ................................................................... 218.7 224.4 220.7 224.8 4.1 1.9

North Dakota ......................................................................... 363.7 367.6 365.0 369.5 4.5 1.2

Bismarck ............................................................................. 60.3 61.6 60.8 62.0 1.2 2.0

Fargo .................................................................................. 120.5 121.6 121.3 122.3 1.0 .8

Grand Forks ........................................................................ 54.6 55.4 55.2 55.8 .6 1.1

Ohio ....................................................................................... 5,449.6 5,430.2 5,456.6 5,439.1 -17.5 -.3

Akron .................................................................................. 342.5 341.1 342.5 340.9 -1.6 -.5

Canton-Massillon ................................................................ 173.4 173.0 173.1 173.1 .0 .0

Cincinnati-Middletown ........................................................ 1,050.4 1,047.4 1,051.6 1,048.5 -3.1 -.3

Cleveland-Elyria-Mentor ..................................................... 1,073.6 1,066.7 1,075.8 1,069.3 -6.5 -.6

Columbus ........................................................................... 945.0 951.0 951.8 956.8 5.0 .5

Dayton ................................................................................ 404.8 399.8 405.1 400.5 -4.6 -1.1

Lima .................................................................................... 55.9 56.1 55.9 55.7 -.2 -.4

Mansfield ............................................................................ 57.1 56.4 57.3 56.7 -.6 -1.0

Springfield ........................................................................... 52.4 51.8 52.1 52.1 .0 .0

Toledo ................................................................................. 333.0 325.2 330.0 325.3 -4.7 -1.4

Youngstown-Warren-Boardman ......................................... 240.4 242.4 240.7 241.9 1.2 .5

Oklahoma .............................................................................. 1,579.3 1,592.3 1,582.6 1,595.3 12.7 .8

Oklahoma City .................................................................... 570.6 579.3 572.6 578.8 6.2 1.1

Tulsa ................................................................................... 427.4 426.5 429.0 429.4 .4 .1

Oregon ................................................................................... 1,742.4 1,732.5 1,753.9 1,729.4 -24.5 -1.4

Bend ................................................................................... 73.2 73.5 72.3 72.5 .2 .3

Eugene-Springfield ............................................................. 154.6 153.2 157.8 155.4 -2.4 -1.5

Medford .............................................................................. 86.2 85.1 87.2 86.0 -1.2 -1.4

Portland-Vancouver-Beaverton .......................................... 1,040.6 1,040.4 1,050.2 1,038.7 -11.5 -1.1

Salem ................................................................................. 155.5 155.1 155.0 154.3 -.7 -.5

Pennsylvania ......................................................................... 5,816.2 5,812.2 5,851.0 5,834.6 -16.4 -.3

Allentown-Bethlehem-Easton ............................................. 346.0 345.1 346.5 345.7 -.8 -.2

Altoona ............................................................................... 62.9 62.6 63.2 62.8 -.4 -.6

Erie ..................................................................................... 134.5 134.4 135.2 134.8 -.4 -.3

Harrisburg-Carlisle .............................................................. 332.2 332.2 333.0 332.3 -.7 -.2

Johnstown .......................................................................... 61.5 61.1 62.0 61.2 -.8 -1.3

Lancaster ............................................................................ 239.8 241.0 240.2 241.5 1.3 .5

Philadelphia-Camden-Wilmington ...................................... 2,810.8 2,809.3 2,835.6 2,830.3 -5.3 -.2

Pittsburgh ........................................................................... 1,152.4 1,159.1 1,156.5 1,164.1 7.6 .7

Reading .............................................................................. 174.0 172.8 175.0 173.5 -1.5 -.9

Scranton—Wilkes-Barre ..................................................... 263.1 263.1 264.7 264.4 -.3 -.1

State College ...................................................................... 74.7 76.6 76.9 77.8 .9 1.2

Williamsport ........................................................................ 53.6 53.4 54.1 53.5 -.6 -1.1

York-Hanover ..................................................................... 184.7 184.2 185.0 184.2 -.8 -.4

Rhode Island ......................................................................... 496.0 483.0 497.1 482.5 -14.6 -2.9

Providence-Fall River-Warwick .......................................... 585.0 572.9 587.5 572.8 -14.7 -2.5

South Carolina ...................................................................... 1,963.4 1,945.0 1,970.0 1,949.1 -20.9 -1.1

Anderson ............................................................................ 64.8 63.5 64.5 63.8 -.7 -1.1

Charleston-North Charleston-Summerville ......................... 300.3 298.8 300.6 299.5 -1.1 -.4

Columbia ............................................................................ 370.0 365.7 371.7 366.5 -5.2 -1.4

Florence .............................................................................. 90.9 91.3 91.0 90.7 -.3 -.3

Greenville-Mauldin-Easley .................................................. 322.6 324.4 323.4 324.3 .9 .3

Myrtle Beach-North Myrtle Beach-Conway ........................ 129.9 127.5 128.0 125.0 -3.0 -2.3

Spartanburg ........................................................................ 125.4 127.8 126.0 127.6 1.6 1.3

South Dakota ........................................................................ 411.3 417.5 410.2 415.1 4.9 1.2

Rapid City ........................................................................... 61.8 62.6 61.1 62.0 .9 1.5

Sioux Falls .......................................................................... 135.0 137.5 134.9 137.1 2.2 1.6

Tennessee ............................................................................. 2,820.5 2,798.5 2,808.5 2,786.7 -21.8 -.8

Chattanooga ....................................................................... 248.9 248.6 249.8 248.0 -1.8 -.7

Clarksville ........................................................................... 86.0 85.2 85.8 84.9 -.9 -1.0

Jackson .............................................................................. 62.7 62.6 62.4 62.4 .0 .0

Johnson City ....................................................................... 82.1 82.4 82.6 82.5 -.1 -.1

Kingsport-Bristol-Bristol ...................................................... 122.3 123.0 122.5 123.4 .9 .7

Knoxville ............................................................................. 340.8 339.8 339.8 338.7 -1.1 -.3

Memphis ............................................................................. 647.7 639.4 647.5 636.7 -10.8 -1.7

Nashville-Davidson-Murfreesboro-Franklin ........................ 769.5 767.4 767.4 765.2 -2.2 -.3

See footnotes at end of table.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA ESTABLISHMENT DATA

NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED

Table 3. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by state and metropolitan area—Continued

(Numbers in thousands)

State and area 

September October Change from October 2007 to

October 2008 p

2007 2008 2007 2008p Number Percent

Texas ..................................................................................... 10,419.6 10,658.2 10,470.4 10,701.8 231.4 2.2

Abilene ................................................................................ 66.1 66.9 66.1 67.1 1.0 1.5

Amarillo ............................................................................... 112.1 113.2 112.4 113.6 1.2 1.1

Austin-Round Rock ............................................................. 763.6 778.9 766.3 781.0 14.7 1.9

Beaumont-Port Arthur ......................................................... 164.4 165.2 165.0 165.4 .4 .2

Brownsville-Harlingen ......................................................... 122.9 125.3 123.5 126.0 2.5 2.0

College Station-Bryan ......................................................... 91.8 94.2 92.9 95.3 2.4 2.6

Corpus Christi ..................................................................... 176.8 179.2 176.6 179.4 2.8 1.6

Dallas-Fort Worth-Arlington ................................................ 2,964.1 3,019.6 2,976.5 3,026.5 50.0 1.7

El Paso ............................................................................... 274.1 280.2 275.1 280.9 5.8 2.1

Houston-Sugar Land-Baytown ........................................... 2,571.0 2,627.3 2,582.6 2,634.9 52.3 2.0

Killeen-Temple-Fort Hood .................................................. 122.0 124.2 122.8 125.2 2.4 2.0

Laredo ................................................................................ 85.9 88.9 86.4 89.2 2.8 3.2

Longview ............................................................................ 96.6 98.7 97.0 99.1 2.1 2.2

Lubbock .............................................................................. 128.3 129.9 129.3 130.7 1.4 1.1

McAllen-Edinburg-Mission .................................................. 209.9 217.0 211.6 219.3 7.7 3.6

Midland ............................................................................... 66.7 68.1 66.6 68.1 1.5 2.3

Odessa ............................................................................... 60.0 62.0 60.8 62.1 1.3 2.1

San Antonio ........................................................................ 838.0 856.8 839.1 857.0 17.9 2.1

Texarkana ........................................................................... 56.5 57.9 56.7 57.9 1.2 2.1

Tyler .................................................................................... 93.5 94.6 93.9 94.9 1.0 1.1

Waco .................................................................................. 110.0 111.7 110.2 111.9 1.7 1.5

Wichita Falls ....................................................................... 63.2 64.0 63.3 63.8 .5 .8

Utah ........................................................................................ 1,264.1 1,264.8 1,262.6 1,262.4 -.2 .0

Ogden-Clearfield ................................................................ 203.2 202.2 202.7 201.6 -1.1 -.5

Provo-Orem ........................................................................ 193.0 191.2 193.5 190.8 -2.7 -1.4

St. George .......................................................................... 54.3 52.6 54.1 52.2 -1.9 -3.5

Salt Lake City ..................................................................... 641.4 644.1 640.7 643.4 2.7 .4

Vermont ................................................................................. 310.0 309.2 312.1 311.2 -.9 -.3

Burlington-South Burlington ................................................ 114.7 114.6 115.3 115.4 .1 .1

Virginia .................................................................................. 3,770.0 3,792.2 3,777.6 3,798.2 20.6 .5

Blacksburg-Christiansburg-Radford ................................... 71.5 72.0 72.8 72.8 .0 .0

Charlottesville ..................................................................... 103.2 102.8 104.0 103.0 -1.0 -1.0

Harrisonburg ....................................................................... 64.2 65.3 64.8 66.0 1.2 1.9

Lynchburg ........................................................................... 109.3 111.6 110.3 112.3 2.0 1.8

Richmond ........................................................................... 633.1 635.2 636.9 637.2 .3 .0

Roanoke ............................................................................. 163.3 164.3 163.5 164.3 .8 .5

Virginia Beach-Norfolk-Newport News ............................... 775.5 792.1 777.3 791.3 14.0 1.8

Winchester .......................................................................... 58.3 58.7 59.3 59.0 -.3 -.5

Washington ........................................................................... 2,962.8 2,977.3 2,972.8 2,954.4 -18.4 -.6

Bellingham .......................................................................... 84.0 85.6 86.6 87.0 .4 .5

Bremerton-Silverdale .......................................................... 86.4 86.2 87.1 87.1 .0 .0

Kennewick-Pasco-Richland ................................................ 92.5 95.4 93.5 95.7 2.2 2.4

Olympia .............................................................................. 101.4 103.6 102.8 104.5 1.7 1.7

Seattle-Tacoma-Bellevue ................................................... 1,752.8 1,787.6 1,761.6 1,759.7 -1.9 -.1

Spokane ............................................................................. 219.1 218.4 221.7 218.8 -2.9 -1.3

Yakima ................................................................................ 79.8 80.3 80.6 80.2 -.4 -.5

West Virginia ......................................................................... 761.2 762.3 763.8 765.3 1.5 .2

Charleston .......................................................................... 151.3 151.4 150.5 150.7 .2 .1

Huntington-Ashland ............................................................ 121.3 120.8 121.9 121.7 -.2 -.2

Morgantown ........................................................................ 62.0 64.2 62.9 64.4 1.5 2.4

Parkersburg-Marietta-Vienna ............................................. 74.1 73.6 75.8 74.2 -1.6 -2.1

Wheeling ............................................................................. 67.6 68.8 68.2 69.2 1.0 1.5

Wisconsin .............................................................................. 2,902.7 2,872.2 2,909.8 2,882.5 -27.3 -.9

Appleton ............................................................................. 119.1 118.8 119.5 118.9 -.6 -.5

Eau Claire ........................................................................... 83.9 83.4 84.4 84.4 .0 .0

Green Bay .......................................................................... 170.9 170.5 171.3 170.9 -.4 -.2

Janesville ............................................................................ 70.5 68.2 70.5 68.5 -2.0 -2.8

La Crosse ........................................................................... 75.0 74.2 75.8 74.7 -1.1 -1.5

Madison .............................................................................. 349.8 348.7 350.7 348.9 -1.8 -.5

Milwaukee-Waukesha-West Allis ....................................... 860.0 851.7 863.3 853.4 -9.9 -1.1

Oshkosh-Neenah ................................................................ 94.1 93.7 93.8 93.5 -.3 -.3

Racine ................................................................................ 80.5 78.9 80.7 79.1 -1.6 -2.0

Sheboygan ......................................................................... 64.9 64.0 64.4 63.6 -.8 -1.2

Wausau .............................................................................. 73.3 72.1 73.2 72.2 -1.0 -1.4

Wyoming ............................................................................... 295.0 304.6 292.7 302.2 9.5 3.2

Cheyenne ........................................................................... 44.9 45.0 44.8 45.5 .7 1.6

Puerto Rico ........................................................................... 1,022.1 992.8 1,023.4 993.2 -30.2 -3.0

Ponce ................................................................................. 65.7 64.6 65.5 64.6 -.9 -1.4

San Juan-Caguas-Guaynabo ............................................. 763.9 741.1 766.2 741.7 -24.5 -3.2

Virgin Islands ........................................................................ 45.9 46.4 45.9 46.1 .2 .4

1 Area boundaries do not reflect official OMB definitions. p = preliminary.

 NOTE: Data are counts of jobs by place of work. Estimates subsequent to the current

benchmark are provisional and will be revised when new information becomes available.

Area definitions are based on Office of Management and Budget Bulletin No. 08-01,

dated November 20, 2007, and are available at http://www.bls.gov/lau/lausmsa.htm. 

Areas in the six New England states are Metropolitan New England City and Town

Areas (NECTAs), while areas in other states are county-based. Some metropolitan

areas lie in two or more states. They are listed under the state that appears first in their

titles. Davenport-Moline-Rock Island, Iowa-Ill., and Weirton-Steubenville, W. Va.-Ohio,

are the exceptions in that they are listed under Illinois and Ohio, respectively, for

operational reasons. Data reflect the conversion to the 2007 version of the North

American Industry Classification System (NAICS) as the basis for the assignment and

tabulation of economic data by industry, replacing NAICS 2002. For more details, see

http://www.bls.gov/sae/saenaics07.htm. 
ESTABLISHMENT DATA ESTABLISHMENT DATA

NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED

Table 4. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by state, selected metropolitan area, and metropolitan division

(Numbers in thousands)

State, area, and division 

September October Change from October 2007 to

October 2008 p

2007 2008 2007 2008p Number Percent

California ............................................................................... 15,193.2 15,104.1 15,228.6 15,127.7 -100.9 -0.7

Los Angeles-Long Beach-Santa Ana ................................. 5,628.3 5,572.7 5,639.9 5,589.3 -50.6 -.9

Los Angeles-Long Beach-Glendale .................................. 4,120.8 4,098.2 4,128.1 4,112.6 -15.5 -.4

Santa Ana-Anaheim-Irvine ............................................... 1,507.5 1,474.5 1,511.8 1,476.7 -35.1 -2.3

San Francisco-Oakland-Fremont ....................................... 2,042.5 2,026.6 2,049.7 2,029.5 -20.2 -1.0

Oakland-Fremont-Hayward .............................................. 1,049.1 1,028.7 1,052.7 1,030.2 -22.5 -2.1

San Francisco-San Mateo-Redwood City ........................ 993.4 997.9 997.0 999.3 2.3 .2

District of Columbia ............................................................. 690.7 704.3 699.5 710.1 10.6 1.5

Washington-Arlington-Alexandria 1 .................................... 2,992.3 3,030.7 3,005.2 3,040.9 35.7 1.2

Bethesda-Frederick-Gaithersburg 2 ................................. 577.4 581.6 578.5 583.3 4.8 .8

Washington-Arlington-Alexandria 1 .................................. 2,414.9 2,449.1 2,426.7 2,457.6 30.9 1.3

Florida .................................................................................... 7,984.7 7,869.1 8,022.4 7,870.3 -152.1 -1.9

Miami-Fort Lauderdale-Pompano Beach ............................ 2,420.8 2,388.1 2,431.6 2,391.1 -40.5 -1.7

Fort Lauderdale-Pompano Beach-Deerfield Beach .......... 784.3 771.8 787.7 770.9 -16.8 -2.1

Miami-Miami Beach-Kendall ............................................. 1,060.3 1,045.5 1,063.7 1,046.8 -16.9 -1.6

West Palm Beach-Boca Raton-Boynton Beach ............... 576.2 570.8 580.2 573.4 -6.8 -1.2

Illinois .................................................................................... 6,024.3 6,010.0 6,029.2 6,009.9 -19.3 -.3

Chicago-Naperville-Joliet 1 ................................................. 4,587.8 4,587.6 4,588.5 4,576.1 -12.4 -.3

Chicago-Naperville-Joliet .................................................. 3,898.9 3,896.2 3,901.6 3,886.0 -15.6 -.4

Gary 2 ............................................................................... 284.1 285.7 284.0 285.9 1.9 .7

Lake County-Kenosha County 1 ....................................... 404.8 405.7 402.9 404.2 1.3 .3

Massachusetts ...................................................................... 3,299.9 3,309.2 3,310.0 3,314.5 4.5 .1

Boston-Cambridge-Quincy 1 .............................................. 2,494.2 2,513.7 2,504.7 2,519.6 14.9 .6

Boston-Cambridge-Quincy ............................................... 1,708.2 1,727.6 1,719.3 1,734.3 15.0 .9

Brockton-Bridgewater-Easton ........................................... 90.3 89.8 91.2 90.2 -1.0 -1.1

Framingham ..................................................................... 157.7 159.3 158.8 160.1 1.3 .8

Haverhill-North Andover-Amesbury 1 ............................... 79.3 79.0 79.0 78.8 -.2 -.3

Lowell-Billerica-Chelmsford 1 ........................................... 120.0 119.8 120.2 120.2 .0 .0

Nashua 1 .......................................................................... 134.4 135.3 134.5 135.4 .9 .7

Peabody ........................................................................... 101.8 101.7 102.0 101.9 -.1 -.1

Michigan ................................................................................ 4,297.2 4,215.8 4,282.8 4,210.6 -72.2 -1.7

Detroit-Warren-Livonia ....................................................... 1,966.0 1,905.1 1,964.4 1,908.7 -55.7 -2.8

Detroit-Livonia-Dearborn .................................................. 784.2 748.3 781.1 751.4 -29.7 -3.8

Warren-Troy-Farmington Hills .......................................... 1,181.8 1,156.8 1,183.3 1,157.3 -26.0 -2.2

New York ............................................................................... 8,752.3 8,769.4 8,831.5 8,828.6 -2.9 .0

New York-Northern New Jersey-Long Island 1 .................. 8,581.5 8,602.4 8,647.6 8,648.8 1.2 .0

Edison-New Brunswick2 ................................................... 1,045.0 1,040.5 1,046.3 1,040.9 -5.4 -.5

Nassau-Suffolk ................................................................. 1,269.2 1,272.9 1,282.4 1,282.7 .3 .0

New York-White Plains-Wayne 1 ...................................... 5,231.3 5,255.5 5,278.7 5,286.9 8.2 .2

Newark-Union 2 ................................................................ 1,036.0 1,033.5 1,040.2 1,038.3 -1.9 -.2

Pennsylvania ......................................................................... 5,816.2 5,812.2 5,851.0 5,834.6 -16.4 -.3

Philadelphia-Camden-Wilmington 1 ................................... 2,810.8 2,809.3 2,835.6 2,830.3 -5.3 -.2

Camden 2 ......................................................................... 540.5 540.5 545.1 543.5 -1.6 -.3

Philadelphia ...................................................................... 1,916.2 1,915.4 1,933.0 1,931.6 -1.4 -.1

Wilmington 2 ..................................................................... 354.1 353.4 357.5 355.2 -2.3 -.6

Texas ..................................................................................... 10,419.6 10,658.2 10,470.4 10,701.8 231.4 2.2

Dallas-Fort Worth-Arlington ................................................ 2,964.1 3,019.6 2,976.5 3,026.5 50.0 1.7

Dallas-Plano-Irving ........................................................... 2,087.9 2,128.5 2,100.3 2,135.1 34.8 1.7

Fort Worth-Arlington ......................................................... 876.2 891.1 876.2 891.4 15.2 1.7

Washington ........................................................................... 2,962.8 2,977.3 2,972.8 2,954.4 -18.4 -.6

Seattle-Tacoma-Bellevue ................................................... 1,752.8 1,787.6 1,761.6 1,759.7 -1.9 -.1

Seattle-Bellevue-Everett ................................................... 1,468.9 1,499.4 1,474.5 1,472.5 -2.0 -.1

Tacoma ............................................................................. 283.9 288.2 286.5 287.2 .7 .2

1 Part of the area is in one or more adjacent states. 2 All of the area is in one or more adjacent states. p = preliminary.

 NOTE: Data are counts of jobs by place of work. Estimates subsequent to the current

benchmark are provisional and will be revised when new information becomes available.

Area definitions are based on Office of Management and Budget Bulletin No. 08-01,

dated November 20, 2007, and are available at http://www.bls.gov/lau/lausmsa.htm.

Areas in the six New England states are Metropolitan New England City and Town

Areas (NECTAs), while areas in other states are county-based. Some metropolitan

areas lie in two or more states. They are listed under the state that appears first in their

titles. Some divisions lie in more than one state, and some, like Camden, N.J., are

totally outside the states under which their metropolitan areas are listed. Data reflect

the conversion to the 2007 version of the North American Industry Classification System

(NAICS) as the basis for the assignment and tabulation of economic data by industry,

replacing NAICS 2002. For more details, see http://www.bls.gov/sae/saenaics07.htm. 
Unemployment rates for metropolitan areas,

not seasonally adjusted, October 2008

(U.S. rate = 6.1 percent)

Above U.S. averageU.S. average or below

Map includes data for 369 metropolitan areas basedon Office of Management and Budget Bulletin No. 08-01. Areas in the six New England states are Metropolitan New England City and Town areas (NECTAs),while areas in other states are county-based.

NOTE: