U.S. IMPORT AND EXPORT PRICE INDEXES – JANUARY 2020 

U.S. import prices were unchanged in January, the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today, following 

0.2-percent advances the 2 previous months. In January, falling fuel prices offset increasing prices for 

nonfuel imports. Prices for U.S. exports advanced 0.7 percent in January, after declining 0.2 percent the 

previous month. 

Chart 1. One-month and 12-month percent changes in the Import Price Index: January 2019 – January 2020

Imports 

Import prices were unchanged in January, after rising in December and November. Prices for U.S. imports 

rose 0.3 percent from January 2019 to January 2020. The price index for overall imports advanced on a 12-

month basis for the second consecutive month, after not recording an over-the-year increase since the index 

rose 0.1 percent for the year ended March 2019. (See table 1.) 

Fuel Imports: Prices for import fuel declined 2.2 percent in January, led by lower prices for both petroleum 

and natural gas. The January decrease was the largest monthly drop since the index fell 4.2 percent in 

August. Petroleum prices fell 1.7 percent in January following a 1.0-percent increase in December and a 

0.9-percent advance in November. The price index for natural gas declined 11.7 percent in January, after 

rising 141.3 percent over the previous 5 months. Despite the decline in January, import fuel prices increased 

11.3 percent over the past 12 months, driven by an 11.3-percent advance in petroleum prices and a 15.7-

percent rise in natural gas prices. 

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Jan'19 Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Jan'20

1-month percent change 12-month percent change

Transmission of material in this release is embargoed until 

8:30 a.m. (EST) Friday, February 14, 2020 

Technical information: (202) 691-7101 • MXPinfo@bls.gov • www.bls.gov/mxp 

Media contact: (202) 691-5902 • PressOffice@bls.gov 

USDL-20-0247
2

 

All Imports Excluding Fuel: The price index for nonfuel imports increased 0.2 percent for the second 

consecutive month in January. Prior to December, the most recent advance in the index occurred in 

February 2019 when the index ticked up 0.1 percent. Higher prices for finished goods; nonfuel industrial 

supplies and materials; and foods, feeds, and beverages all contributed to the January advance. Despite the 

recent increases, nonfuel import prices fell 0.9 percent over the past year and have not increased on an overthe-year basis since December 2018. 

Nonfuel Industrial Supplies and Materials: Prices for nonfuel industrial supplies and materials rose 0.3 

percent in January following no change the previous month. The January advance was primarily driven by a 

2.2-percent rise in unfinished metals prices.

 

Finished Goods: Finished goods prices increased in January. Automotive vehicles prices advanced 0.5 

percent in January, led by rising prices for passenger cars. The increase in automotive vehicles prices was 

the largest monthly gain since the index rose 0.5 percent in January 2018. The price indexes for capital 

goods and consumer goods both ticked up 0.1 percent for the second consecutive month in January. 

Foods, Feeds, and Beverages: Foods, feeds, and beverages prices advanced 0.5 percent in January, after 

rising 1.1 percent in December. Higher prices for fish and shellfish more than offset declining meat prices. 

Table A. Percent change in Import and Export Price Indexes, selected categories 
3

Chart 2. One-month and 12-month percent change in the Export Price Index: January 2019 – January 2020 

Exports 

U.S. export prices rose 0.7 percent in January, the largest monthly advance since the index increased 0.7 

percent in March. In January, rising prices for both agricultural and nonagricultural exports contributed to 

the overall increase. Prices for exports also advanced on a 12-month basis, increasing 0.5 percent in January. 

The rise in January was the first 12-month advance since the index increased 0.2 percent for the year ended 

in April. (See table 2.) 

Agricultural Exports: The price index for agricultural exports advanced 2.0 percent in January following a 

decrease of 0.1 percent in December and increases of 2.4 percent in November and 1.7 percent in October. 

Rising prices for vegetables, soybeans, wheat, and corn in January more than offset lower prices for fruit, 

meat, and nuts. Prices for agricultural exports also advanced over the past 12 months, rising 3.1 percent 

from January 2019 to January 2020. 

All Exports Excluding Agriculture: Nonagricultural export prices increased 0.7 percent in January, after 

falling 0.2 percent the previous month. In January, advancing prices for nonagricultural industrial supplies 

and materials; finished goods; and nonagricultural foods all contributed to the increase in nonagricultural 

export prices. The price index for nonagricultural exports advanced 0.2 percent for the year ended in 

January, the first 12-month increase since rising 0.5 percent in April. 

Nonagricultural Industrial Supplies and Materials: Prices for nonagricultural industrial supplies and 

materials advanced 1.1 percent in January following a 0.5-percent drop the previous month. The January 

increase was led by a 1.5-percent rise in fuel prices, a 3.0-percent advance in nonferrous metals prices, and a 

0.6-percent increase in chemicals prices. 

Finished Goods: Finished goods prices were mostly up in January. The price index for export capital goods 

rose 0.4 percent, as higher prices for capital goods excluding computers more than offset lower prices for 

computers, peripherals, and semiconductors. Prices for automotive vehicles increased 0.5 percent in 

January, driven by advancing prices for engines and nonengine parts and accessories. The January increase 

for capital goods prices was the largest advance since January 2019 and the rise in automotive vehicles 

prices was the largest 1-month increase since February 2019. Consumer goods prices were unchanged in 

January. 

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Jan'19 Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Jan'20

1-month percent change 12-month percent change
4

Measures of Import and Export Prices by Locality 

Imports by Locality of Origin: The price index for imports from China declined 0.2 percent in January, 

after no change in December. The January decline was the largest drop since September and the index has 

not risen on a monthly basis since May 2018. Prices for imports from China declined 1.7 percent over the 

past year. In contrast, import prices from Japan rose 0.2 percent in January, the largest monthly increase 

since August. The January advance was led by higher prices for machinery manufacturing. The price index 

for imports from Canada fell 0.8 percent in January, driven by lower fuel prices. Prices for imports from 

Mexico also decreased in January, falling 0.2 percent following a 0.4-percent increase the previous month. 

Import prices from the European Union rose 0.4 percent in January, the largest monthly advance since the 

index increased 0.6 percent in April 2018. (See table 7.) 

Exports by Locality of Destination: Prices for exports to China increased 0.3 percent in January, after 

ticking up 0.1 percent in each of the 2 previous months. The January rise was the largest 1-month advance 

since the index increased 0.6 percent in July. Despite the recent advances, export prices to China fell 0.2 

percent from January 2019 to January 2020. The price index for exports to Japan rose 0.1 percent in January 

following no change in December. Prices for exports to Japan increased 1.8 percent over the past 12 months. 

Export prices to Canada and Mexico both advanced in January, rising 0.6 percent and 1.1 percent, 

respectively. The price index for exports to the European Union rose 0.7 percent in January, the largest 

monthly increase since July. (See table 8.) 

Terms of Trade Indexes: Terms of Trade indexes are based on country, region, or grouping and measure 

the change in the purchasing power of exports relative to imports. The index for the U.S. terms of trade with 

China advanced 0.5 percent in January, the largest 1-month rise since July. Lower import prices from China 

and higher export prices to China each contributed to the January increase. The index for U.S. terms of trade 

with Japan edged down 0.1 percent in January as rising import prices from Japan more than offset higher 

export prices to Japan. The U.S. terms of trade with Canada and the U.S. terms of trade with Mexico each 

advanced 1.3 percent in January. The index for the U.S. terms of trade with the European Union also 

increased in January, rising 0.3 percent, the first monthly advance for the index since a 0.6-percent increase 

in July. (See table 9.) 

Import and Export Services 

Imports: Import air passenger fares fell 8.8 percent in January following a 12.3-percent advance for the 

fourth quarter of 2019. The January drop was led by lower Asian and Latin American/Caribbean fares. 

Import air passenger fares decreased 9.6 percent for the year ended in January, the largest 12-month drop 

since April. Import air freight prices declined 2.4 percent in January, the first monthly decrease since 

September. Prices for import air freight also fell over the past year, declining 4.6 percent. (See table 10.) 

Exports: The index for export air passenger fares rose 8.4 percent in January, after declining 0.7 percent in 

December. The January advance was driven by a 17.4-percent increase in Asian fares, and was the largest 

rise in overall export air passenger fares since December 2013. Despite the January advance, export air 

passenger fares decreased 1.2 percent over the past year. Prices for export air freight rose 2.7 percent in 

January, the largest 1-month advance since the index increased 5.4 percent in October 2017. The January 

rise led export air freight prices up 2.2 percent over the past 12 months. 

 

Import and Export Price Index data for February are scheduled for release on Friday, March 13, 2020 at 

8:30 a.m. (EDT). 
Table 1. U.S. import price indexes and percent changes for selected categories of goods: January 2019 to

January 2020

[2000=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description End Use

Relative

importance

Dec.

20191

Index Percent change

Dec.

2019

Jan.

2020

Annual Monthly

Jan.

2019 to

Jan.

2020

Sept.

2019 to

Oct.

2019

Oct.

2019 to

Nov.

2019

Nov.

2019 to

Dec.

2019

Dec.

2019 to

Jan.

2020

All commodities................................... 100.000 125.0 125.0 0.3 -0.4 0.2 0.2 0.0

All imports excluding food and fuels (Dec.

2010=100)........................................ 84.019 98.8 99.0 -0.8 -0.2 -0.1 0.0 0.2

All imports excluding petroleum.............. 90.619 112.0 112.2 -0.7 -0.1 0.1 0.2 0.2

All imports excluding fuels (Dec.

2001=100)........................................ 90.108 115.8 116.0 -0.9 -0.3 -0.1 0.2 0.2

Foods, feeds, & beverages................... 0 6.089 177.5 178.4 -0.7 -0.3 -0.4 1.1 0.5

Agricultural foods, feeds & beverages,

excluding distilled beverages............. 00 4.720 192.9 193.3 -1.8 -0.3 -0.5 1.4 0.2

Nonagricultural foods (fish, distilled

beverages).................................. 01 1.369 143.1 145.3 3.4 -0.2 0.1 0.0 1.5

Industrial supplies & materials.............. 1 23.535 188.2 186.8 3.7 -1.0 0.9 0.7 -0.7

Industrial supplies & materials excluding

petroleum.................................... 14.420 155.7 155.3 -0.7 0.1 1.3 0.8 -0.3

Industrial supplies & materials excluding

fuels (Dec. 2001=100)..................... 13.658 173.8 174.3 -1.3 -0.6 0.0 0.0 0.3

Industrial supplies & materials, durable. . .. 8.535 166.4 167.5 0.8 -0.8 0.2 -0.3 0.7

Industrial supplies & materials nondurable

excluding petroleum....................... 5.619 142.4 140.2 -3.0 1.4 2.9 2.4 -1.5

Fuels & lubricants............................. 10 9.892 213.1 208.5 11.3 -1.6 2.1 1.7 -2.2

Petroleum & petroleum products......... 100 9.381 227.5 223.6 11.3 -2.4 0.9 1.0 -1.7

Crude........................................ 10000 6.477 234.3 226.0 12.4 -3.3 1.8 1.5 -3.5

Fuels, n.e.s.-coals & gas.................. 101 0.511 140.8 127.3 10.6 21.5 33.3 16.0 -9.6

Gas-natural.................................. 10110 0.454 132.7 117.2 15.7 32.0 42.0 19.2 -11.7

Paper & paper base stocks.................. 11 0.511 111.5 109.1 -12.7 -1.5 -1.5 -0.8 -2.2

Materials associated with nondurable

supplies & materials....................... 12 4.597 155.4 155.1 -3.8 -0.2 -0.1 0.6 -0.2

Selected building materials.................. 13 1.501 143.3 142.9 -0.5 0.4 -0.2 0.4 -0.3

Unfinished metals related to durable

goods........................................ 14 3.445 232.3 237.4 3.4 -1.8 0.6 -1.1 2.2

Finished metals related to durable

goods........................................ 15 1.786 157.8 157.7 -1.3 -0.8 0.0 0.6 -0.1

Nonmetals related to durable goods. . . . . .. 16 1.803 113.6 112.8 -1.0 0.3 0.0 0.1 -0.7

Capital goods................................... 2 28.330 87.6 87.7 -1.6 -0.2 -0.2 0.1 0.1

Electric generating equipment............... 20 3.593 120.3 120.6 2.1 0.4 0.0 0.1 0.2

Nonelectrical machinery...................... 21 22.369 79.4 79.4 -2.6 -0.4 -0.3 0.1 0.0

Transportation equipment excluding motor

vehicles (Dec. 2001=100)................. 22 2.368 136.4 137.6 1.3 -0.1 -0.2 -0.1 0.9

Automotive vehicles, parts & engines..... 3 15.488 109.7 110.2 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.5

Consumer goods, excluding

automotives.................................. 4 26.558 106.8 106.9 -0.2 -0.2 -0.1 0.1 0.1

Nondurables, manufactured................. 40 13.063 123.8 124.1 0.8 -0.1 0.0 0.1 0.2

Durables, manufactured...................... 41 12.235 91.0 90.9 -1.2 -0.2 -0.1 0.0 -0.1

Nonmanufactured consumer goods. . . . . . .. 42 1.259 116.5 116.6 -0.3 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1

1 Relative importance figures are based on 2018 trade values.

NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication.

Dash = Not available

5
Table 2. U.S. export price indexes and percent changes for selected categories of goods: January 2019 to

January 2020

[2000=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description End Use

Relative

importance

Dec.

20191

Index Percent change

Dec.

2019

Jan.

2020

Annual Monthly

Jan.

2019 to

Jan.

2020

Sept.

2019 to

Oct.

2019

Oct.

2019 to

Nov.

2019

Nov.

2019 to

Dec.

2019

Dec.

2019 to

Jan.

2020

All commodities................................... 100.000 125.0 125.9 0.5 0.0 0.1 -0.2 0.7

Agricultural commodities....................... 9.457 180.6 184.2 3.1 1.7 2.4 -0.1 2.0

All exports excluding food and fuels (Dec.

2010=100)........................................ 79.749 101.0 101.4 0.1 -0.3 0.0 -0.1 0.4

Nonagricultural commodities.................. 90.543 120.7 121.5 0.2 -0.2 -0.1 -0.2 0.7

Foods, feeds, & beverages................... 0 8.767 184.7 188.7 3.9 1.7 2.2 -0.1 2.2

Agricultural foods, feeds & beverages,

excluding distilled beverages............. 00 8.207 183.0 187.0 4.0 1.7 2.5 -0.1 2.2

Nonagricultural foods (fish, distilled

beverages).................................. 01 0.559 216.6 220.9 1.9 0.9 -0.9 -0.8 2.0

Industrial supplies & materials.............. 1 32.770 151.1 152.8 -0.3 -0.3 -0.2 -0.5 1.1

Industrial supplies & materials, durable. . .. 10.389 166.7 169.2 3.5 -0.8 0.3 -0.1 1.5

Industrial supplies & materials,

nondurable.................................. 22.381 144.4 145.8 -2.1 0.0 -0.5 -0.6 1.0

Agricultural industrial supplies &

materials..................................... 10 1.221 171.1 172.2 -3.1 1.3 1.4 0.1 0.6

Nonagricultural industrial supplies &

materials..................................... 31.549 150.5 152.2 -0.3 -0.3 -0.3 -0.5 1.1

Fuels & lubricants............................. 11 11.484 172.9 175.5 0.5 0.7 -0.6 -0.9 1.5

Nonagricultural supplies & materials

excluding fuels & building materials. . . .. 12 19.148 155.6 157.2 -0.4 -0.8 -0.1 -0.2 1.0

Selected building materials.................. 13 0.917 116.8 116.1 -4.8 -0.9 -0.4 -0.8 -0.6

Capital goods................................... 2 36.343 110.6 111.0 0.5 -0.2 0.0 0.0 0.4

Electrical generating equipment............. 20 3.709 117.3 118.2 0.8 -0.2 0.0 0.2 0.8

Nonelectrical machinery...................... 21 23.668 94.5 94.7 -0.4 -0.2 -0.1 -0.1 0.2

Transportation equipment excluding motor

vehicles (Dec. 2001=100)................. 22 8.966 183.0 183.9 2.7 -0.1 0.1 0.1 0.5

Automotive vehicles, parts & engines..... 3 9.760 113.6 114.2 0.1 -0.2 0.0 -0.4 0.5

Consumer goods, excluding

automotives.................................. 4 12.361 110.3 110.3 0.6 -0.2 0.1 -0.1 0.0

Nondurables, manufactured................. 40 5.957 108.1 108.3 1.6 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.2

Durables, manufactured...................... 41 4.932 106.9 106.9 0.1 -0.4 0.0 -0.3 0.0

Nonmanufactured consumer goods (Dec.

2018=100)................................... 42 1.472 99.0 98.9 -1.1 -0.2 -0.2 0.2 -0.1

1 Relative importance figures are based on 2018 trade values.

NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication.

Dash = Not available

6
Table 3. U.S. import price indexes and percent changes for selected industries: January 2019 to January 2020

[December 2005=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description NAICS

Relative

importance

Dec.

20191

Index Percent change

Dec.

2019

Jan.

2020

Annual Monthly

Jan.

2019 to

Jan.

2020

Sept.

2019 to

Oct.

2019

Oct.

2019 to

Nov.

2019

Nov.

2019 to

Dec.

2019

Dec.

2019 to

Jan.

2020

Nonmanufacturing................................ 9.067 113.8 110.8 9.1 -2.2 1.9 2.4 -2.6

Agriculture, forestry, fishing and

hunting........................................ 11 1.840 173.7 176.8 -2.6 -1.0 -1.4 3.4 1.8

Crop production............................... 111 1.477 181.7 183.0 -6.2 -1.4 -2.2 3.1 0.7

Mining............................................ 21 7.228 107.8 103.8 12.2 -2.6 2.8 2.1 -3.7

Oil and gas extraction........................ 211 6.971 107.6 103.4 12.4 -2.6 2.8 2.3 -3.9

Manufacturing..................................... 90.642 110.6 110.9 -0.4 -0.2 -0.1 0.0 0.3

Manufacturing, part 1......................... 31 11.294 125.3 125.5 0.4 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.2

Food manufacturing.......................... 311 3.510 154.9 155.0 0.3 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.1

Beverage and tobacco product

manufacturing............................... 312 1.137 125.6 125.8 3.2 -0.1 0.2 0.0 0.2

Textile mills (Dec. 2011=100)............... 313 0.369 99.3 99.2 -1.0 0.0 -0.5 0.0 -0.1

Textile product mills.......................... 314 0.933 107.4 107.7 -1.4 -0.1 -0.2 -0.1 0.3

Apparel manufacturing....................... 315 3.714 112.5 112.9 0.5 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.4

Leather and allied product

manufacturing............................... 316 1.629 123.8 124.2 0.1 0.3 0.3 0.0 0.3

Manufacturing, part 2......................... 32 18.295 125.0 125.4 0.0 -0.2 -0.4 -0.1 0.3

Wood product manufacturing (Dec.

2019=100)................................... 321 0.792 100.0 99.7 – – – – -0.3

Paper manufacturing......................... 322 0.993 108.1 107.0 -8.0 -1.0 -0.8 -0.4 -1.0

Petroleum and coal products

manufacturing............................... 324 2.643 98.9 101.7 8.7 -0.3 -1.7 -1.3 2.8

Chemical manufacturing..................... 325 10.225 138.3 138.4 -0.9 -0.3 -0.1 0.3 0.1

Plastics and rubber products

manufacturing............................... 326 2.370 119.3 119.1 -0.3 0.6 0.1 -0.1 -0.2

Nonmetallic mineral product

manufacturing............................... 327 1.073 131.3 131.4 0.5 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.1

Manufacturing, part 3......................... 33 61.053 103.2 103.5 -0.7 -0.3 0.0 0.0 0.3

Primary metal manufacturing................ 331 3.968 154.3 157.4 2.1 -1.9 0.6 -0.9 2.0

Fabricated metal product manufacturing... 332 3.220 126.8 126.2 -0.4 -0.2 -0.2 0.4 -0.5

Machinery manufacturing.................... 333 7.658 118.8 118.8 -0.1 -0.3 0.1 0.0 0.0

Computer and electronic product

manufacturing............................... 334 16.926 71.7 71.8 -3.1 -0.1 -0.4 0.0 0.1

Electrical equipment, appliance, and

component manufacturing................. 335 5.452 117.4 117.5 0.9 -0.1 -0.4 0.4 0.1

Transportation equipment manufacturing... 336 16.536 109.0 109.7 0.3 -0.1 0.1 0.1 0.6

Furniture and related product

manufacturing............................... 337 1.889 115.4 115.4 -1.9 -0.3 -0.3 -0.2 0.0

Miscellaneous manufacturing............... 339 5.406 118.8 118.4 -0.4 -0.2 0.3 0.1 -0.3

1 Relative importance figures are based on 2018 trade values.

NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication.

Dash = Not available

7
Table 4. U.S. export price indexes and percent changes for selected industries: January 2019 to January 2020

[December 2005=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description NAICS

Relative

importance

Dec.

20191

Index Percent change

Dec.

2019

Jan.

2020

Annual Monthly

Jan.

2019 to

Jan.

2020

Sept.

2019 to

Oct.

2019

Oct.

2019 to

Nov.

2019

Nov.

2019 to

Dec.

2019

Dec.

2019 to

Jan.

2020

Nonmanufacturing................................ 10.143 128.5 129.5 -3.2 1.9 0.9 -0.5 0.8

Agriculture, forestry, fishing and

hunting........................................ 11 4.671 151.7 157.2 3.3 3.5 3.2 -1.3 3.6

Crop production............................... 111 4.312 158.8 164.8 3.3 3.7 3.3 -1.2 3.8

Mining............................................ 21 5.472 78.9 77.6 -9.6 0.0 -1.6 0.5 -1.6

Mining (except oil and gas).................. 212 1.266 102.8 97.9 -17.2 -1.1 -3.5 -1.2 -4.8

Manufacturing..................................... 88.667 116.1 116.9 0.9 -0.2 0.0 -0.2 0.7

Manufacturing, part 1......................... 31 6.778 141.8 142.9 1.9 -0.3 0.9 0.6 0.8

Food manufacturing.......................... 311 4.688 161.3 162.4 3.6 -0.2 1.3 1.1 0.7

Beverage and tobacco product

manufacturing............................... 312 0.633 121.3 122.5 -2.2 -0.7 0.0 -0.2 1.0

Manufacturing, part 2......................... 32 24.412 112.5 113.7 0.7 -0.1 -0.1 -0.7 1.1

Wood product manufacturing (Dec.

2017=100)................................... 321 0.457 93.8 92.9 -9.4 -1.0 -0.7 -0.3 -1.0

Paper manufacturing......................... 322 1.505 119.5 118.7 -8.8 -1.4 -0.1 -0.3 -0.7

Petroleum and coal products

manufacturing............................... 324 5.950 105.3 110.0 9.9 0.9 0.3 -1.9 4.5

Chemical manufacturing..................... 325 13.169 116.9 117.2 -1.4 -0.3 -0.3 -0.4 0.3

Plastics and rubber products

manufacturing............................... 326 2.307 117.0 117.0 0.9 0.1 0.0 -0.3 0.0

Nonmetallic mineral product

manufacturing............................... 327 0.822 117.0 117.1 0.4 -0.1 -0.2 -0.5 0.1

Manufacturing, part 3......................... 33 57.477 115.0 115.6 1.0 -0.2 0.0 -0.2 0.5

Primary metal manufacturing................ 331 4.080 152.5 156.3 7.9 -0.7 0.2 -0.2 2.5

Fabricated metal product manufacturing... 332 3.047 149.1 150.4 3.4 0.5 -0.1 0.1 0.9

Machinery manufacturing.................... 333 9.763 130.0 130.8 1.6 0.4 -0.2 -0.2 0.6

Computer and electronic product

manufacturing............................... 334 13.596 81.4 81.5 -1.7 -0.7 0.0 -0.1 0.1

Electrical equipment, appliance, and

component manufacturing................. 335 3.764 117.5 117.6 -0.3 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1

Transportation equipment manufacturing... 336 17.479 128.9 129.5 1.3 -0.1 0.0 0.1 0.5

Furniture and related product

manufacturing (Dec. 2011=100).......... 337 0.392 122.5 122.5 1.5 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Miscellaneous manufacturing............... 339 5.356 119.9 120.0 0.0 -0.2 -0.1 -0.3 0.1

1 Relative importance figures are based on 2018 trade values.

NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication.

Dash = Not available

8
Table 5. U.S. import price indexes and percent changes for selected categories of goods: January 2019 to

January 2020

[2000=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description

Harmonized

system

Relative

importance

Dec.

20191

Index Percent change

Dec.

2019

Jan.

2020

Annual Monthly

Jan.

2019 to

Jan.

2020

Sept.

2019 to

Oct.

2019

Oct.

2019 to

Nov.

2019

Nov.

2019 to

Dec.

2019

Dec.

2019 to

Jan.

2020

Live animals; animal products................. I 1.380 199.1 201.4 5.0 -0.4 0.9 1.5 1.2

Meat and edible meat offal..................... 02 0.390 277.3 264.3 6.5 -0.1 3.0 2.7 -4.7

Fish and crustaceans, molluscs and other

aquatic invertebrates......................... 03 0.723 139.3 144.1 4.0 -0.9 0.2 1.0 3.4

Vegetable products............................... II 1.817 200.6 202.2 -5.5 -1.5 -2.3 2.7 0.8

Edible vegetables, roots, and tubers.......... 07 0.485 496.2 499.8 -1.1 -5.2 -1.3 5.6 0.7

Edible fruit and nuts; peel of citrus fruit or

melons.......................................... 08 0.607 99.8 101.2 -17.3 -0.2 -7.0 2.1 1.4

Coffee, tea, mate and spices.................. 09 0.341 210.8 207.1 1.3 -1.6 2.6 2.6 -1.8

Animal or vegetable fats and oils (Dec.

2009=100)........................................ III 0.243 85.9 89.6 -2.6 1.9 1.1 0.1 4.3

Prepared foodstuffs, beverages, and

tobacco........................................... IV 2.964 167.9 167.9 1.5 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.0

Cocoa and cocoa preparations (Dec.

2009=100)..................................... 18 0.205 101.4 100.9 5.3 3.1 0.4 2.7 -0.5

Preparations of vegetables, fruit, nuts, or

other parts of plants.......................... 20 0.369 171.9 171.7 -1.2 -0.3 0.0 0.1 -0.1

Beverages, spirits, and vinegar................ 22 1.088 136.0 136.3 3.2 -0.1 0.2 0.1 0.2

Mineral products.................................. V 9.930 213.5 208.9 11.2 -1.5 2.1 1.7 -2.2

Mineral fuels, oils and residuals, bituminous

substances and mineral waxes............. 27 9.605 210.6 206.0 11.4 -1.6 2.3 1.7 -2.2

Products of the chemical or allied

industries........................................ VI 9.609 156.8 156.9 -0.1 -0.1 -0.1 0.3 0.1

Inorganic chemicals............................. 28 0.515 306.8 298.5 -7.4 2.0 3.3 3.7 -2.7

Organic chemicals............................... 29 2.139 125.8 125.7 -1.6 0.0 -0.6 0.3 -0.1

Pharmaceutical products....................... 30 4.898 154.4 154.9 2.6 -0.1 -0.1 0.0 0.3

Essential oils and resinoids (Dec.

2016=100)..................................... 33 0.619 103.2 104.2 1.4 0.0 0.1 -0.1 1.0

Miscellaneous chemical products............. 38 0.597 102.4 101.4 -4.4 0.0 -0.1 0.3 -1.0

Plastics and articles thereof; rubber and

articles thereof.................................. VII 3.637 139.9 139.8 -0.9 0.3 -0.2 -0.1 -0.1

Plastics and articles thereof.................... 39 2.445 142.4 142.2 -1.7 0.1 -0.2 -0.1 -0.1

Rubber and articles thereof.................... 40 1.192 137.1 137.0 1.0 0.7 -0.1 -0.1 -0.1

Raw hides, skins, leather, furskins, travel

goods, etc....................................... VIII 0.616 124.4 124.7 -0.6 0.2 0.4 -0.2 0.2

Articles of leather; travel goods, bags, etc.

of various materials........................... 42 0.590 131.1 131.4 -0.4 0.1 0.5 -0.3 0.2

Wood, wood charcoal, cork, straw,

basketware and wickerwork................. IX 0.816 145.0 144.7 -1.8 0.3 -0.8 0.6 -0.2

Wood and articles of wood; wood charcoal

(Dec. 2019=100).............................. 44 0.780 100.0 99.7 – – – – -0.3

Woodpulp, recovered paper, and paper

products......................................... X 1.031 114.3 111.7 -9.0 -0.9 -0.9 -0.3 -2.3

Paper and paperboard; articles of paper

pulp, paper or paperboard................... 48 0.715 108.6 107.9 -3.4 -0.4 -0.5 0.3 -0.6

Textile and textile articles....................... XI 4.820 114.2 114.5 -0.2 0.1 -0.2 0.1 0.3

Articles of apparel and clothing accessories,

knitted or crocheted.......................... 61 1.963 105.5 105.2 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.3 -0.3

Articles of apparel and clothing accessories,

not knitted or crocheted...................... 62 1.598 120.5 121.7 1.1 -0.2 -0.2 0.0 1.0

Made-up or worn textile articles............... 63 0.637 101.6 101.7 -2.0 0.2 -0.2 0.0 0.1

See footnotes at end of table.

9
Table 5. U.S. import price indexes and percent changes for selected categories of goods: January 2019 to

January 2020 — Continued

[2000=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description

Harmonized

system

Relative

importance

Dec.

20191

Index Percent change

Dec.

2019

Jan.

2020

Annual Monthly

Jan.

2019 to

Jan.

2020

Sept.

2019 to

Oct.

2019

Oct.

2019 to

Nov.

2019

Nov.

2019 to

Dec.

2019

Dec.

2019 to

Jan.

2020

Headgear, umbrellas, artificial flowers,

etc................................................. XII 1.361 123.2 123.5 0.3 0.4 0.5 -0.1 0.2

Footwear and parts of such articles........... 64 1.125 122.3 122.8 0.5 0.4 0.6 0.0 0.4

Stone, plaster, cement, asbestos,

ceramics, glass etc............................ XIII 0.966 132.5 132.3 0.7 0.1 0.1 0.2 -0.2

Pearls, stones, precious metals, imitation

jewelry, and coins.............................. XIV 2.819 192.6 197.7 11.8 -0.6 0.9 0.1 2.6

Base metals and articles of base metals. . .. XV 5.471 169.4 169.6 -3.9 -1.3 -0.3 -0.4 0.1

Iron and steel.................................... 72 1.105 199.3 199.1 -10.4 -3.8 -2.1 -0.7 -0.1

Articles of iron or steel.......................... 73 1.683 147.5 146.9 -2.6 -0.9 -0.5 0.5 -0.4

Copper and articles thereof.................... 74 0.420 270.8 276.8 -0.3 -0.7 2.7 0.3 2.2

Aluminum and articles thereof................. 76 0.906 127.9 128.2 -3.5 -1.0 1.5 0.2 0.2

Tools, implements, cutlery, spoons and

forks, of base metal; parts thereof.......... 82 0.459 122.7 122.7 -1.0 -0.2 -0.6 -0.2 0.0

Miscellaneous articles of base metal. . . . . . . .. 83 0.533 135.0 134.6 -2.3 -0.6 -0.1 -0.1 -0.3

Machinery, electrical equipment, TV image

and sound recorders, parts, etc............. XVI 30.283 78.7 78.8 -1.5 -0.1 -0.3 0.0 0.1

Machinery and mechanical appliances;

parts thereof................................... 84 15.355 84.2 84.1 -2.9 -0.5 -0.5 0.0 -0.1

Electrical machinery and equip, sound and

TV recorders & reproducers, parts......... 85 14.928 73.6 73.7 -0.3 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.1

Vehicles, aircraft, vessels and associated

transport equipment........................... XVII 13.663 113.4 114.1 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.6

Motor vehicles and their parts................. 87 12.544 112.5 113.3 0.4 -0.1 0.1 0.1 0.7

Optical, photo, measuring, medical &

musical instruments; & timepieces. . . . . . .. XVIII 4.063 101.9 102.0 0.1 -0.2 0.1 0.3 0.1

Optical, photographic, measuring and

medical instruments.......................... 90 3.808 98.4 98.0 -0.4 -0.2 0.1 0.3 -0.4

Miscellaneous manufactured articles......... XX 4.438 111.5 111.3 -1.3 -0.3 0.0 0.1 -0.2

Furniture & stuffed furnishings; lamps &

lighting fittings, nesoi; prefab bldgs......... 94 2.791 117.1 116.9 -1.6 -0.2 -0.3 0.1 -0.2

Toys, games and sports equipment; parts

and accessories thereof...................... 95 1.379 102.3 102.2 -0.5 -0.2 0.7 0.0 -0.1

Miscellaneous manufactured articles. . . . . . . .. 96 0.268 127.1 127.2 -1.9 -1.2 0.0 0.0 0.1

1 Relative importance figures are based on 2018 trade values.

NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication.

Dash = Not available

10
Table 6. U.S. export price indexes and percent changes for selected categories of goods: January 2019 to

January 2020

[2000=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description

Harmonized

system

Relative

importance

Dec.

20191

Index Percent change

Dec.

2019

Jan.

2020

Annual Monthly

Jan.

2019 to

Jan.

2020

Sept.

2019 to

Oct.

2019

Oct.

2019 to

Nov.

2019

Nov.

2019 to

Dec.

2019

Dec.

2019 to

Jan.

2020

Live animals; animal products................. I 1.986 217.4 216.2 3.8 -0.7 1.5 0.9 -0.6

Meat & edible meat offal (Dec. 2006=100)... 02 1.238 169.5 166.1 3.0 -2.4 3.2 2.1 -2.0

Fish and crustaceans, mollusks and aquatic

invertebrates (Dec. 2016=100).............. 03 0.366 119.2 121.5 0.9 1.1 -1.5 -0.9 1.9

Vegetable products............................... II 4.278 196.5 204.0 3.7 3.4 3.3 -1.3 3.8

Edible fruit and nuts; peel of citrus fruit or

melons.......................................... 08 1.014 144.9 137.7 -2.8 -1.6 3.1 1.5 -5.0

Cereals............................................ 10 1.386 193.5 200.1 – 7.0 2.5 -0.7 3.4

Oilseeds and misc. grains, seeds, fruits,

plants, straw and fodder..................... 12 1.432 190.2 199.0 – 4.0 2.9 -2.8 4.6

Prepared foodstuffs, beverages, and

tobacco........................................... IV 3.086 156.2 157.4 2.9 1.2 0.7 0.5 0.8

Preparations of vegetables, fruit, nuts or

other parts of plants (Dec. 2019=100). . . .. 20 0.333 100.0 99.9 – – – – -0.1

Miscellaneous edible preparations (Dec.

2017=100)..................................... 21 0.590 100.4 100.4 5.5 0.9 0.6 0.2 0.0

Beverages, spirits, and vinegar (Dec.

2008=100)..................................... 22 0.583 111.6 106.7 1.7 6.8 -1.7 -1.1 -4.4

Residues and waste from the food

industries; prepared animal feed............ 23 0.732 222.5 237.7 5.3 -0.5 3.6 3.2 6.8

Mineral products.................................. V 11.401 208.2 211.4 0.7 0.2 -0.5 -0.9 1.5

Ores, slag and ash (Dec. 2012=100)......... 26 0.403 96.2 94.9 -1.0 -0.2 0.7 -2.8 -1.4

Mineral fuels, oils and residuals, bituminous

substances and mineral waxes............. 27 10.802 199.6 202.9 0.8 0.2 -0.6 -0.8 1.7

Products of the chemical or allied

industries........................................ VI 10.899 137.3 137.6 -1.0 -0.1 -0.2 -0.1 0.2

Inorganic chemicals............................. 28 0.743 146.4 147.7 2.1 -0.7 -0.7 -0.4 0.9

Organic chemicals............................... 29 2.470 138.6 138.8 -7.0 -0.6 -0.6 0.1 0.1

Pharmaceutical products....................... 30 3.148 107.7 108.1 3.1 -0.1 0.3 0.0 0.4

Tanning or dyeing extracts, dyes, paints

varnish, putty, & inks (Dec. 2015=100). . .. 32 0.533 105.0 104.9 3.1 1.2 -0.1 -0.7 -0.1

Essential oils and resinoids; perfumery

cosmetic or toilet preparations.............. 33 0.877 130.4 128.8 -2.0 0.1 -0.2 0.1 -1.2

Soap; lubricants; waxes, polishing or

scouring products; candles, pastes......... 34 0.489 124.9 124.9 1.6 -0.2 0.1 -0.1 0.0

Miscellaneous chemical products............. 38 1.994 156.2 158.2 1.5 -0.2 0.0 0.1 1.3

Plastics and articles thereof; rubber and

articles thereof.................................. VII 5.089 140.7 141.4 -1.6 -0.6 0.0 -0.4 0.5

Plastics and articles thereof.................... 39 4.210 137.7 138.4 -1.5 -0.6 0.0 -0.2 0.5

Rubber and articles thereof.................... 40 0.879 151.9 152.6 -1.7 0.1 -0.3 -0.8 0.5

Wood, wood charcoal, cork, straw, baskets

and wickerwork (Dec. 2014=100)............ IX 0.553 91.3 90.8 -8.8 -1.4 -0.6 -1.0 -0.5

Woodpulp, recovered paper, and paper

products......................................... X 1.740 118.6 117.8 -9.9 -1.9 -0.4 0.0 -0.7

Woodpulp and recovered paper (Dec.

2019=100)..................................... 47 0.419 100.0 97.7 – – – – -2.3

Paper and paperboard; articles of paper

pulp, paper or paperboard................... 48 1.032 124.3 124.0 -3.3 -0.6 0.2 -0.2 -0.2

Textile and textile articles....................... XI 1.673 119.1 121.4 -1.2 0.7 0.8 0.0 1.9

Cotton, including yarns and woven fabrics

thereof.......................................... 52 0.474 116.7 121.3 -2.3 3.1 3.2 0.3 3.9

Stone, plaster, cement, asbestos,

ceramics, glass etc............................ XIII 0.805 127.0 127.0 0.9 0.0 -0.1 -0.2 0.0

See footnotes at end of table.

11
Table 6. U.S. export price indexes and percent changes for selected categories of goods: January 2019 to

January 2020 — Continued

[2000=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description

Harmonized

system

Relative

importance

Dec.

20191

Index Percent change

Dec.

2019

Jan.

2020

Annual Monthly

Jan.

2019 to

Jan.

2020

Sept.

2019 to

Oct.

2019

Oct.

2019 to

Nov.

2019

Nov.

2019 to

Dec.

2019

Dec.

2019 to

Jan.

2020

Glass and glassware (Dec. 2019=100)....... 70 0.392 100.0 100.0 – – – – 0.0

Pearls, stones, precious metals, imitation

jewelry, and coins.............................. XIV 4.550 261.2 266.1 10.7 -0.4 0.2 -0.4 1.9

Base metals and articles of base metals. . .. XV 4.566 155.4 158.4 -0.6 -1.4 0.8 0.3 1.9

Copper and articles thereof.................... 74 0.491 174.9 183.8 3.4 -1.6 2.2 0.4 5.1

Aluminum and articles thereof................. 76 0.678 98.3 99.3 -8.0 -0.1 -0.1 -0.2 1.0

Miscellaneous articles of base metal. . . . . . . .. 83 0.334 153.3 156.1 2.0 -0.2 -0.1 -0.2 1.8

Machinery, electrical equipment, TV image

and sound recorders, parts, etc............. XVI 28.192 97.2 97.6 -0.2 -0.4 0.0 -0.2 0.4

Machinery and mechanical appliances;

parts thereof................................... 84 16.862 115.5 116.0 0.0 -0.3 -0.1 -0.2 0.4

Electrical machinery and equipment and

parts and accessories thereof............... 85 11.329 77.7 77.9 -0.5 -0.5 0.0 0.0 0.3

Vehicles, aircraft, vessels and associated

transport equipment........................... XVII 13.272 137.1 137.6 1.1 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.4

Motor vehicles and their parts................. 87 8.000 116.1 116.6 0.3 -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.4

Optical, photo, measuring, medical &

musical instruments; & timepieces. . . . . . .. XVIII 6.021 110.4 110.8 1.9 0.3 -0.3 -0.1 0.4

Miscellaneous manufactured articles......... XX 1.335 112.8 112.4 -0.1 -0.1 -0.1 0.2 -0.4

Furniture; stuffed furnishings; lamps and

lighting fittings nesoi;......................... 94 0.739 130.5 131.2 1.0 0.0 0.0 -0.1 0.5

Toys, games and sports equipment; parts

and accessories thereof...................... 95 0.441 88.8 87.1 -0.5 -0.2 -0.1 0.6 -1.9

1 Relative importance figures are based on 2018 trade values.

NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication.

Dash = Not available

12
Table 7. U.S. import price indexes and percent changes by locality of origin: January 2019 to January 2020

[2000=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description

Relative

importance

Dec.

20191

Index Percent change

Dec.

2019

Jan.

2020

Annual Monthly

Jan.

2019 to

Jan.

2020

Sept.

2019 to

Oct.

2019

Oct.

2019 to

Nov.

2019

Nov.

2019 to

Dec.

2019

Dec.

2019 to

Jan.

2020

Industrialized Countries2

.................... 100.000 127.1 127.0 3.3 -0.3 0.5 0.2 -0.1

Nonmanufacturing........................... 11.128 183.2 177.9 22.3 -2.1 2.5 -0.2 -2.9

Manufacturing................................ 88.408 121.8 122.1 1.5 0.0 0.3 0.1 0.2

Canada.......................................... 100.000 138.6 137.5 6.1 -0.9 1.0 -0.3 -0.8

Nonmanufacturing........................... 31.468 179.1 173.5 24.1 -2.4 2.6 -0.4 -3.1

Manufacturing................................ 67.797 129.5 129.7 0.2 -0.3 0.4 -0.3 0.2

European Union............................... 100.000 137.1 137.6 0.7 -0.1 0.1 0.1 0.4

Manufacturing................................ 98.571 133.4 133.9 0.6 -0.2 0.3 0.0 0.4

France (Dec. 2003=100)...................... 100.000 127.5 128.0 0.5 -0.1 0.2 -0.2 0.4

Germany (Dec. 2003=100)................... 100.000 113.0 113.4 1.0 -0.2 0.0 0.4 0.4

United Kingdom (Dec. 2003=100).......... 100.000 122.6 122.8 1.9 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2

Latin America3

................................. 100.000 144.9 144.5 -1.2 -1.0 -0.6 0.3 -0.3

Nonmanufacturing........................... 15.225 257.0 252.0 4.0 -1.8 -0.8 4.2 -1.9

Manufacturing................................ 84.488 118.1 118.2 -2.1 -0.8 -0.6 -0.4 0.1

Mexico (Dec. 2003=100)...................... 100.000 126.0 125.7 -1.0 -0.2 -1.0 0.4 -0.2

Nonmanufacturing (Dec. 2008=100). . . . .. 8.041 132.6 131.5 0.9 1.2 -6.5 5.5 -0.8

Manufacturing (Dec. 2008=100)........... 91.669 86.8 86.7 -1.1 -0.3 -0.6 0.0 -0.1

Pacific Rim (Dec. 2003=100)4............... 100.000 97.6 97.5 -1.2 -0.2 -0.1 0.1 -0.1

China (Dec. 2003=100)....................... 100.000 98.1 97.9 -1.7 -0.1 -0.1 0.0 -0.2

Japan............................................ 100.000 96.9 97.1 0.6 0.1 0.1 -0.1 0.2

Taiwan (Dec. 2018=100)...................... 100.000 98.6 98.6 -1.3 -0.2 -0.1 0.0 0.0

Asian NICs5

..................................... 100.000 86.5 86.2 -2.2 -0.5 -0.1 -0.2 -0.3

ASEAN (Dec. 2003=100)6

.................... 100.000 97.1 97.5 0.2 -0.1 -0.1 0.1 0.4

Asia Near East (Dec. 2003=100)7

........... 100.000 178.0 175.0 1.5 -2.8 3.8 -0.6 -1.7

1 Relative importance figures are based on 2018 trade values.

2 Western Europe, Canada, Japan, Australia, New Zealand, and South Africa.

3 Mexico, Central America, South America, and the Caribbean.

4 China, Japan, Australia, Brunei, Indonesia, Macao, Malaysia, New Zealand, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, and the Asian Newly Industrialized

Countries.

5 Asian Newly Industrialized Countries - Hong Kong, Singapore, South Korea, and Taiwan.

6 Association of Southeast Asian Nations - Brunei, Cambodia, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, Philippines, Singapore, Thailand, and Vietnam.

7 Bahrain, Iran, Iraq, Israel, Jordan, Kuwait, Lebanon, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Syria, United Arab Emirates, and Yemen.

NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication.

Regions are not mutually exclusive.

Dash = Not available

13
Table 8. U.S. export price indexes and percent changes by locality of destination: January 2019 to January

2020

[December 2017=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description

Relative

importance

Dec.

20191

Index Percent change

Dec.

2019

Jan.

2020

Annual Monthly

Jan.

2019 to

Jan.

2020

Sept.

2019 to

Oct.

2019

Oct.

2019 to

Nov.

2019

Nov.

2019 to

Dec.

2019

Dec.

2019 to

Jan.

2020

Industrialized Countries2

.................... 100.000 103.0 103.7 1.6 0.1 0.2 -0.1 0.7

Nonmanufacturing........................... 10.438 105.3 106.4 -0.5 1.2 1.1 -0.2 1.0

Manufacturing................................ 88.331 103.0 103.7 1.7 0.0 0.1 -0.1 0.7

Canada.......................................... 100.000 104.7 105.3 1.3 0.2 0.7 -0.1 0.6

European Union............................... 100.000 104.5 105.2 1.5 -0.2 -0.2 0.0 0.7

Nonmanufacturing........................... 9.673 100.9 100.2 -5.0 1.0 -1.4 1.1 -0.7

Manufacturing................................ 88.913 104.8 105.6 1.9 -0.3 -0.1 -0.1 0.8

Germany........................................ 100.000 104.6 105.7 3.4 -0.2 0.1 0.2 1.1

Latin America3

................................. 100.000 100.1 101.7 1.2 0.3 0.3 -0.5 1.6

Nonmanufacturing........................... 7.365 103.8 105.2 -1.3 3.9 1.2 -1.6 1.3

Manufacturing................................ 92.151 99.9 101.4 1.3 0.1 0.2 -0.4 1.5

Mexico........................................... 100.000 99.8 100.9 0.6 0.1 0.5 -0.5 1.1

Nonmanufacturing........................... 5.693 96.4 96.3 -5.8 3.9 2.2 -3.6 -0.1

Manufacturing................................ 93.731 100.0 101.2 1.1 -0.1 0.4 -0.3 1.2

Pacific Rim4

.................................... 100.000 99.2 99.6 -0.2 0.1 -0.6 -0.2 0.4

Nonmanufacturing........................... 14.756 95.5 97.1 1.1 2.7 -3.7 -0.6 1.7

Manufacturing................................ 83.665 100.5 100.6 0.0 -0.1 -0.2 -0.1 0.1

China............................................ 100.000 97.4 97.7 -0.2 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.3

Nonmanufacturing........................... 13.293 94.8 95.5 1.9 1.5 1.2 -0.1 0.7

Manufacturing................................ 84.769 100.0 100.2 0.8 -0.2 0.0 0.0 0.2

Japan............................................ 100.000 100.5 100.6 1.8 0.6 -0.4 0.0 0.1

Nonmanufacturing........................... 20.760 98.5 98.5 -0.2 2.5 -1.3 0.9 0.0

Manufacturing................................ 77.687 100.3 100.3 1.6 0.2 -0.4 -0.2 0.0

1 Relative importance figures are based on 2018 trade values.

2 Western Europe, Canada, Japan, Australia, New Zealand, and South Africa.

3 Mexico, Central America, South America, and the Caribbean.

4 China, Japan, Australia, Brunei, Indonesia, Macao, Malaysia, New Zealand, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, and the Asian Newly Industrialized

Countries.

NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication.

Regions are not mutually exclusive.

Dash = Not available

14
Table 9. U.S. terms of trade indexes and percent changes by locality: January 2019 to January 20201

[December 2017=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description

Index Percent change

Dec.

2019

Jan.

2020

Annual Monthly

Jan.

2019 to

Jan.

2020

Sept.

2019 to

Oct.

2019

Oct.

2019 to

Nov.

2019

Nov.

2019 to

Dec.

2019

Dec.

2019 to

Jan.

2020

Industrialized Countries2

............................ 99.2 99.9 -1.8 0.4 -0.3 -0.2 0.7

Canada.................................................. 99.3 100.6 -4.6 1.1 -0.3 0.2 1.3

European Union...................................... 102.6 102.9 0.8 0.0 -0.4 -0.1 0.3

Germany................................................ 106.5 107.3 2.5 0.0 0.1 -0.3 0.8

Latin America3

........................................ 102.9 104.8 2.3 1.4 0.9 -0.8 1.8

Mexico.................................................. 102.2 103.5 1.6 0.3 1.6 -0.9 1.3

Pacific Rim4............................................ 100.0 100.5 1.0 0.3 -0.5 -0.3 0.5

China.................................................... 99.4 99.9 1.5 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.5

Japan.................................................... 99.0 98.9 1.1 0.4 -0.5 0.1 -0.1

1 Terms of trade indexes are derived by dividing the export price index by the corresponding import price index and multiplying by 100.

2 Western Europe, Canada, Japan, Australia, New Zealand, and South Africa.

3 Mexico, Central America, South America, and the Caribbean.

4 China, Japan, Australia, Brunei, Indonesia, Macao, Malaysia, New Zealand, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, and the Asian Newly Industrialized

Countries.

NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication.

Regions are not mutually exclusive.

Dash = Not available

15
Table 10. U.S. international price indexes and percent changes for selected transportation services: January

2019 to January 2020

[2000=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description

Relative

importance

Dec.

20191

Index Percent change

Dec.

2019

Jan.

2020

Annual Monthly

Jan.

2019 to

Jan.

2020

Sept.

2019 to

Oct.

2019

Oct.

2019 to

Nov.

2019

Nov.

2019 to

Dec.

2019

Dec.

2019 to

Jan.

2020

Air Freight

Import Air Freight.................................... 100.000 182.2 177.9 -4.6 1.2 2.2 1.8 -2.4

Europe (Dec. 2003=100).......................... 26.354 143.3 144.1 -4.9 -0.2 -1.2 -0.1 0.6

Asia.................................................. 59.942 175.0 167.4 -5.8 2.2 4.0 2.8 -4.3

Export Air Freight................................... 100.000 163.8 168.3 2.2 0.4 -0.2 0.8 2.7

Europe (Dec. 2006=100).......................... 31.671 152.4 157.1 3.2 -0.1 0.6 0.7 3.1

Inbound Air Freight................................. 100.000 165.8 163.9 -5.9 1.1 1.3 1.2 -1.1

Europe (Dec. 2003=100).......................... 27.919 131.1 132.8 -6.1 -0.1 -1.0 -0.1 1.3

Asia.................................................. 58.225 155.6 151.6 -6.8 2.0 2.6 1.9 -2.6

Outbound Air Freight............................... 100.000 147.6 149.9 4.0 1.0 2.2 0.9 1.6

Europe (Dec. 2003=100).......................... 33.596 158.6 162.3 6.7 0.1 1.0 1.3 2.3

Asia.................................................. 47.802 141.1 143.0 3.2 1.8 4.3 1.0 1.3

Air Passenger Fares

Import Air Passenger Fares....................... 100.000 188.2 171.7 -9.6 3.4 2.7 5.7 -8.8

Europe............................................... 42.830 205.4 206.9 -9.6 0.2 8.0 -1.4 0.7

Asia.................................................. 23.612 153.3 131.0 -5.0 3.5 0.1 19.3 -14.5

Latin America/Caribbean.......................... 8.954 185.3 148.8 0.5 4.0 4.0 16.1 -19.7

Export Air Passenger Fares....................... 100.000 146.9 159.3 -1.2 -2.1 3.3 -0.7 8.4

Europe............................................... 29.135 184.8 184.1 -7.5 -2.9 4.5 -2.2 -0.4

Asia.................................................. 25.406 129.2 151.7 1.1 -4.1 5.2 -1.9 17.4

Latin America/Caribbean.......................... 26.556 158.5 177.2 4.5 -1.7 0.9 3.7 11.8

1 Relative importance figures are based on 2018 trade values.

NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication.

Dash = Not available

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TECHNICAL NOTE

Import and Export Goods and Services Price Indexes - All indexes use a modified Laspeyres 

formula and are not seasonally adjusted. Price indexes are reweighted annually, with a 2-year lag in the 

weights. Published series use a base year of 2000=100 where possible. More detailed index series and 

additional information may be obtained at www.bls.gov/mxp or by calling (202) 691-7101. 

Merchandise Goods Classification Systems - The merchandise price indexes are published using three 

classification systems. Items are classified by end use according to the Bureau of Economic Analysis 

Classification System, by industry according to the North American Industry Classification System 

(NAICS), and by product category according to the Harmonized System (HS). While classification by 

end use and product category are self-explanatory, some notes are in order for classifying items by 

industry. In the NAICS imports and exports tables, items are classified by output industry, not input 

industry. As an example, NAICS import index 326 (plastics and rubber products manufacturing) 

includes outputs such as manufactured plastic rather than inputs such as petroleum. The NAICS 

classification structure also matches the classification system used by the Producer Price Index (PPI) to 

produce the NAICS primary products indexes.

Import Price Goods Indexes - Items are classified by the Harmonized Tariff Schedule of the United 

States Annotated (TSUSA). Import prices are based on U.S. dollar prices paid by the U.S. importer. The 

prices are generally either "free on board" (f.o.b.) foreign port or "cost, insurance, and freight" (c.i.f.) 

U.S. port transaction prices, depending on the practices of the individual industry. The index for crude 

petroleum is calculated from data collected by the U.S. Department of Energy. 

Export Price Goods Indexes - Items are classified by the Harmonized Schedule B classification system 

of the U.S. Bureau of the Census. The prices used are generally either "free alongside ship" (f.a.s.) 

factory or "free on board" (f.o.b.) transaction prices, depending on the practices of the individual 

industry. Prices used in the grain index, excluding rice, are obtained from the U.S. Department of 

Agriculture. 

Services Price Indexes - Indexes for import and export air passenger fares calculate changes in the 

average revenue received per passenger by foreign carriers from U.S. residents and by U.S. carriers from 

foreign residents, respectively. Data are obtained from an airline consulting service and report on tickets 

sold by travel agencies, travel websites, and directly by the airlines. Taxes and fees are included in both 

the import and export air passenger fares indexes. Import air passenger fares data have used the airline 

consulting service source since September 2008. Before April 2018, the export air passenger fares data 

were collected directly by BLS from U.S. airlines. The air freight indexes are calculated from data 

collected directly from airlines. These data exclude mail and passenger baggage. The scope of the 

service being priced is the movement of freight from airport to airport only, and does not include any 

ground transportation or port service. The air freight indexes are presented using two definitions: 

balance of payments (which represents transactions between U.S. and foreign residents) and 

international (which represents transactions inbound to and outbound from the United States.) Fact 

sheets specifying detailed information for each services industry are available at www.bls.gov/mxp 

under "MXP Publications." 
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Import Price Indexes by Locality of Origin - Prices used in these indexes are a subset of the data 

collected for the import price indexes. The indexes are specific to a country, region, or grouping and, 

beginning with January 2002, are based on the North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 

covering goods-producing industries. Nonmanufactured goods are defined as NAICS 11 and 21, and 

manufactured goods are defined as NAICS 31-33. 

Export Price Indexes by Locality of Destination - Prices used in these indexes are a subset of the data 

collected for the export price indexes. The indexes are specific to a country, region, or grouping and are 

based on the North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) covering goods-producing 

industries. Nonmanufactured goods are defined as NAICS 11 and 21, and manufactured goods are 

defined as NAICS 31-33. 

Terms of Trade Indexes - Terms of trade indexes measure the relative price of exports in terms of 

import prices for a specific country, region, or grouping. The indexes are calculated as one country, 

region, or grouping’s all-export goods price index divided by the corresponding all-import goods price 

index on a scale of 100. 

 

Relative Importance - A relative importance is a specific index’s price-updated value share (expressed 

as a percentage) of overall imports or exports at a specific point in time. Relative importance values are 

affected by the trade weights at the point indexes are reweighted and index changes relative to other 

indexes since the reweight point. If an index is rising in value relative to other indexes over time, the 

relative importance will increase as well. 

Revision Policy - To reflect the availability of late reports and corrections by respondents, monthly data 

may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication. After 3 months, no further data 

revisions take place. For example, data first published in the January release will be subject to revision 

in the releases for February, March, and April. 

Rounding Policy - Index values are rounded to the tenth decimal place after being calculated. All 

percent changes are then derived from the rounded index values and subsequently rounded to the tenth 

decimal place. 

Uses of the Data - The primary use of the indexes is to deflate trade statistics, notably the foreign trade 

sector of the National Income and Product Accounts (NIPA) constructed by the Department of 

Commerce. Other published indexes are useful for general market analysis. For trade in international 

services, balance of payments indexes are used for deflating NIPA, while international indexes are more 

appropriate for market analysis. 

Email Subscription - The U.S. import and export price indexes news release is available through an 

email subscription service at www.bls.gov/bls/list.htm. 

 

Additional Information - More detailed data are available on the Import/Export Price Indexes home 

page at www.bls.gov/mxp. For import and export price indexes data requests, send an email to 

mxpinfo@bls.gov. 

Information from this release will be made available to sensory impaired individuals upon request. 

Voice phone: (202)-691-5200; Federal Relay Service: 1-(800)-877-8339.