Bureau of Labor Statistics Washington, D.C. 20212

Technical information:

Household data: (202) 691-6378 USDL 08-0757

http://www.bls.gov/cps/

Establishment data: (202) 691-6555 Transmission of material in this release

http://www.bls.gov/ces/ is embargoed until 8:30 A.M. (EDT),

Media contact: (202) 691-5902 Friday, June 6, 2008.

THE EMPLOYMENT SITUATION: MAY 2008

The unemployment rate rose from 5.0 to 5.5 percent in May, and nonfarm payroll employment 

continued to trend down (-49,000), the Bureau of Labor Statistics of the U.S. Department of Labor 

reported today. In May, employment continued to fall in construction, manufacturing, retail trade, and 

temporary help services, while health care continued to add jobs. Average hourly earnings rose by 

5 cents, or 0.3 percent, over the month.

Unemployment (Household Survey Data)

The number of unemployed persons increased by 861,000 to 8.5 million in May, after seasonal 

adjustment, and the unemployment rate rose by 0.5 percentage point to 5.5 percent. A year earlier, the 

number of unemployed persons was 6.9 million, and the jobless rate was 4.5 percent. (See table A-1.)

The unemployment rates for adult men (4.9 percent), adult women (4.8 percent), teenagers (18.7 

percent), whites (4.9 percent), and blacks (9.7 percent) rose in May. The jobless rate for Hispanics (6.9 

percent) was unchanged. The unemployment rate for Asians was 3.8 percent, not seasonally adjusted. 

(See tables A-1, A-2, and A-3.)

Among the unemployed, the number of reentrants and new entrants to the labor force rose in May, 

by 326,000 and 204,000, respectively. The number of persons who had lost their last job increased by

News United States

Department 

of Labor

Percent Millions

Chart 2. Nonfarm payroll employment, seasonally adjusted, 

June 2005 – May 2008

Chart 1. Unemployment rate, seasonally adjusted,

June 2005 – May 2008

3.5

4.0

4.5

5.0

5.5

6.0

6.5

2006 2007 2008

128.0

130.0

132.0

134.0

136.0

138.0

140.0

2006 2007 2008
2

Table A. Major indicators of labor market activity, seasonally adjusted

(Numbers in thousands)

HOUSEHOLD DATA

Civilian labor force ....................................... 153,667 153,661 153,784 153,957 154,534 577

Employment ............................................. 146,291 146,070 145,969 146,331 146,046 -285

Unemployment ..........................................7,375 7,591 7,815 7,626 8,487 861

Not in labor force ......................................... 79,270 79,146 79,211 79,241 78,872 -369

All workers ...................................................4.8 4.9 5.1 5.0 5.5 0.5

Adult men ...................................................4.3 4.4 4.6 4.6 4.9 .3

Adult women ............................................ 4.2 4.3 4.6 4.3 4.8 .5

Teenagers ..................................................16.4 16.8 15.8 15.4 18.7 3.3

White ...................................................... 4.3 4.4 4.5 4.4 4.9 .5

Black or African American ........................... 8.6 8.8 9.0 8.6 9.7 1.1

Hispanic or Latino ethnicity ..................... 5.9 6.5 6.9 6.9 6.9 .0

ESTABLISHMENT DATA 

Nonfarm employment ............................ 138,031 137,917 137,831 p 137,803 p 137,754 p -49

Goods-producing 1................................ 22,042 21,820 21,737 p 21,637 p 21,580 p -57

Construction ............................................7,521 7,384 7,343 p 7,291 p 7,257 p -34

Manufacturing ......................................... 13,788 13,690 13,644 p 13,595 p 13,569 p -26

Service-providing 1 .................................115,989 116,097 116,094 p 116,166 p 116,174 p 8

 Retail trade 2 ......................................... 15,490 15,434 15,401 p 15,363 p 15,336 p -27

Professional and business service ............ 18,093 18,063 18,014 p 18,046 p 18,007 p -39

Education and health services ................... 18,527 18,664 18,709 p 18,770 p 18,824 p 54

Leisure and hospitality ...............................13,622 13,660 13,676 p 13,688 p 13,700 p 12

Government .................................... 22,291 22,358 22,377 p 22,389 p 22,406 p 17

Total private ......................................... 33.8 33.7 33.8 p 33.7 p 33.7 p 0.0

Manufacturing ................................... 41.2 41.1 41.2 p 41.0 p 41.0 p .0

 Overtime ....................................... 4.1 4.0 4.0 p 4.0 p 3.8 p -.2

Total private ................................................107.7 107.4 107.6 p 107.2 p 107.1 p -0.1

Average hourly earnings, total private .......... $17.64 $17.81 $17.87 p $17.89 p $17.94 p $0.05

Average weekly earnings, total private ........ 596.34 600.80 604.01 p 602.89 p 604.58 p 1.69

Earnings 3

 Employment

Labor force status

Unemployment rates 

p = preliminary.

Apr.-May 

change

Hours of work 3

1

 Includes other industries, not shown separately.

2

 Quarterly averages and the over-the-month change are calculated using unrounded data.

3

 Data relate to private production and nonsupervisory workers.

Category

Quarterly averages Monthly data

Indexes of aggregate weekly hours (2002=100) 3

IV 2007 I 2008 Mar. 2008 Apr. 2008 May 2008
3

268,000 over the month to 4.3 million. Over the past 12 months, the number of unemployed job losers 

has risen by 907,000. (See table A-8.)

The number of newly unemployed—those jobless fewer than 5 weeks—rose by 760,000 to 3.2 

million in May. The number of persons unemployed for 27 weeks or more increased by 197,000 to 1.6 

million. This group accounted for 18.3 percent of the unemployed in May. (See table A-9.) 

Total Employment and the Labor Force (Household Survey Data)

The civilian labor force rose by 577,000 to 154.5 million in May, and the labor force participation 

rate edged up to 66.2 percent. Total employment was little changed at 146.0 million. The employmentpopulation ratio, at 62.6 percent, also was little changed over the month. (See table A-1.)

The number of persons who worked part time for economic reasons, at 5.2 million in May, was 

essentially unchanged over the month but was up by 764,000 over the past 12 months. These

individuals indicated that they were working part time because their hours had been cut back or they 

were unable to find full-time jobs. (See table A-5.)

About 7.7 million persons held more than one job in May. Multiple jobholders represented 5.3 percent of the employed, the same as a year earlier. (See table A-6.)

Persons Not in the Labor Force (Household Survey Data)

In May, about 1.4 million persons (not seasonally adjusted) were marginally attached to the labor 

force, about the same as a year earlier. These individuals wanted and were available for work and had 

looked for a job sometime in the prior 12 months. They were not counted as unemployed because they 

had not searched for work in the 4 weeks preceding the survey. Among the marginally attached, there 

were 400,000 discouraged workers in May, little changed from a year earlier. Discouraged workers 

were not currently looking for work specifically because they believed no jobs were available for them. 

The other 1.0 million persons marginally attached to the labor force in May had not searched for work in 

the 4 weeks preceding the survey for reasons such as school attendance or family responsibilities. (See

table A-13.)

Industry Payroll Employment (Establishment Survey Data)

Total nonfarm payroll employment continued to trend down in May (-49,000). Thus far in 2008, 

payroll employment has declined by 324,000. In May, job losses continued in construction, manufacturing, retail trade, and temporary help services. Health care again added jobs over the month. (See 

table B-1.)

Employment in construction fell by 34,000 in May. Since an employment peak in September 2006, 

construction has lost 475,000 jobs. Over the month, employment declined among residential specialty 

trade contractors (-19,000) and in construction of buildings (-12,000).

Manufacturing employment continued to fall over the month (-26,000), with job losses in wood 

products (-8,000), computer and electronic products (-8,000), and nonmetallic mineral products (-5,000). 

Thus far in 2008, monthly job losses in manufacturing have averaged 41,000 compared with 22,000 a 

month in 2007 and 14,000 a month in 2006. 
4

Retail trade employment decreased by 27,000 in May. Job losses in department stores (-15,000) 

and gasoline stations (-6,000) accounted for most of the decline. Since March 2007, retail trade has shed 

184,000 jobs.

Employment in professional and business services was down in May (-39,000); the industry has lost 

124,000 jobs in 2008. Over the month, employment in temporary help services continued to decline 

(-30,000) and has fallen by 193,000 since its most recent peak in December 2006. Accounting and 

bookkeeping services also lost jobs (-10,000) over the month.

Employment continued to rise throughout health care in May (34,000). Job growth over the last 12 

months has totaled 383,000. 

Elsewhere in the service-providing sector, food services and drinking places employment continued 

to trend up in May, but job growth in this industry has slowed recently. Employment gains averaged 

12,000 per month from November through May, compared with 27,000 per month during the first 10 

months of 2007.

Weekly Hours (Establishment Survey Data)

In May, the average workweek for production and nonsupervisory workers on private nonfarm 

payrolls was unchanged at 33.7 hours, seasonally adjusted. The manufacturing workweek also was 

unchanged at 41.0 hours, and factory overtime decreased by 0.2 hour to 3.8 hours. (See table B-2.)

The index of aggregate weekly hours of production and nonsupervisory workers on private nonfarm 

payrolls fell by 0.1 percent in May to 107.1 (2002=100). The index has decreased by 0.6 percent in 

2008. Over the month, the manufacturing index fell by 0.2 percent to 92.0. (See table B-5.)

Hourly and Weekly Earnings (Establishment Survey Data)

In May, average hourly earnings of production and nonsupervisory workers on private nonfarm 

payrolls rose by 5 cents, or 0.3 percent, to $17.94, seasonally adjusted. This followed gains of 6 cents in 

March and 2 cents in April. Average weekly earnings rose by 0.3 percent in May to $604.58. Over the 

past 12 months, average hourly earnings increased by 3.5 percent, and average weekly earnings rose by 

3.2 percent. (See tables B-3 and B-4.)

______________________________

The Employment Situation for June 2008 is scheduled to be released on Thursday, July 3, 

at 8:30 A.M. (EDT).
5

Frequently Asked Questions about Employment and Unemployment Estimates

Why are there two monthly measures of employment?

The household survey and establishment survey both produce sample-based estimates of employment

and both have strengths and limitations. The establishment survey employment series has a smaller margin of

error on the measurement of month-to-month change than the household survey because of its much larger

sample size. An over-the-month employment change of 104,000 is statistically significant in the establishment

survey, while the threshold for a statistically significant change in the household survey is about 400,000.

However, the household survey has a more expansive scope than the establishment survey because it includes

the self-employed, unpaid family workers, agricultural workers, and private household workers, who are excluded by the establishment survey. The household survey also provides estimates of employment for demographic groups.

Are undocumented immigrants counted in the surveys?

Neither the establishment nor household survey is designed to identify the legal status of workers. Thus,

while it is likely that both surveys include at least some undocumented immigrants, it is not possible to determine how many are counted in either survey. The household survey does include questions about whether

respondents were born outside the United States. Data from these questions show that foreign-born workers

accounted for 15.7 percent of the labor force in 2007 and 47.7 percent of the net increase in the labor force

from 2000 to 2007.

Why does the establishment survey have revisions?

The establishment survey revises published estimates to improve its data series by incorporating additional

information that was not available at the time of the initial publication of the estimates. The establishment

survey revises its initial monthly estimates twice, in the immediately succeeding 2 months, to incorporate

additional sample receipts from respondents in the survey. For more information on the monthly revisions,

please visit http://www.bls.gov/ces/cesrevinfo.htm.

On an annual basis, the establishment survey incorporates a benchmark revision that re-anchors estimates

to nearly complete employment counts available from unemployment insurance tax records. The benchmark

helps to control for sampling and modeling errors in the estimates. For more information on the annual

benchmark revision, please visit http://www.bls.gov/web/cesbmart.htm.

Has the establishment survey understated employment growth because it excludes the selfemployed?

While the establishment survey excludes the self-employed, the household survey provides monthly estimates of unincorporated self-employment. These estimates have shown no substantial growth in recent years.
6

Does the establishment survey sample include small firms?

Yes; about 40 percent of the establishment survey sample is comprised of business establishments with

fewer than 20 employees. The establishment survey sample is designed to maximize the reliability of the total

nonfarm employment estimate; firms from all size classes and industries are appropriately sampled to achieve

that goal.

Does the establishment survey account for employment from new businesses?

Yes; monthly establishment survey estimates include an adjustment to account for the net employment

change generated by business births and deaths. The adjustment comes from an econometric model that

forecasts the monthly net jobs impact of business births and deaths based on the actual past values of the

net impact that can be observed with a lag from the Quarterly Census of Employment and Wages. The

establishment survey uses modeling rather than sampling for this purpose because the survey is not immediately able to bring new businesses into the sample. There is an unavoidable lag between the birth of a new

firm and its appearance on the sampling frame and availability for selection. BLS adds new businesses to the

survey twice a year.

Is the count of unemployed persons limited to just those people receiving unemployment insurance

benefits?

No; the estimate of unemployment is based on a monthly sample survey of households. All persons who

are without jobs and are actively seeking and available to work are included among the unemployed. (People

on temporary layoff are included even if they do not actively seek work.) There is no requirement or question relating to unemployment insurance benefits in the monthly survey.

Does the official unemployment rate exclude people who have stopped looking for work?

Yes; however, there are separate estimates of persons outside the labor force who want a job, including those who have stopped looking because they believe no jobs are available (discouraged workers). In

addition, alternative measures of labor underutilization (discouraged workers and other groups not officially

counted as unemployed) are published each month in the Employment Situation news release.
Technical Note

This news release presents statistics from two major surveys, the

Current Population Survey (household survey) and the Current

Employment Statistics survey (establishment survey). The household survey provides the information on the labor force, employment, and unemployment that appears in the A tables, marked

HOUSEHOLD DATA. It is a sample survey of about 60,000 households conducted by the U.S. Census Bureau for the Bureau of Labor

Statistics (BLS).

The establishment survey provides the information on the

employment, hours, and earnings of workers on nonfarm payrolls that

appears in the B tables, marked ESTABLISHMENT DATA. This

information is collected from payroll records by BLS in cooperation

with state agencies. The sample includes about 160,000 businesses

and government agencies covering approximately 400,000 individual

worksites. The active sample includes about one-third of all nonfarm

payroll workers. The sample is drawn from a sampling frame of

unemployment insurance tax accounts.

For both surveys, the data for a given month relate to a particular

week or pay period. In the household survey, the reference week is

generally the calendar week that contains the 12th day of the month. In

the establishment survey, the reference period is the pay period including the 12th, which may or may not correspond directly to the

calendar week.

Coverage, definitions, and differences

between surveys

Household survey. The sample is selected to reflect the entire

civilian noninstitutional population. Based on responses to a series of

questions on work and job search activities, each person 16 years and

over in a sample household is classified as employed, unemployed, or

not in the labor force.

People are classified as employed if they did any work at all as

paid employees during the reference week; worked in their own business, profession, or on their own farm; or worked without pay at least

15 hours in a family business or farm. People are also counted as

employed if they were temporarily absent from their jobs because of

illness, bad weather, vacation, labor-management disputes, or personal

reasons.

People are classified as unemployed if they meet all of the following

criteria: They had no employment during the reference week; they were

available for work at that time; and they made specific efforts to find

employment sometime during the 4-week period ending with the

reference week. Persons laid off from a job and expecting recall need

not be looking for work to be counted as unemployed. The unemployment data derived from the household survey in no way depend upon

the eligibility for or receipt of unemployment insurance benefits.

The civilian labor force is the sum of employed and unemployed

persons. Those not classified as employed or unemployed are not

 in the labor force. The unemployment rate is the number unemployed

as a percent of the labor force. The labor force participation rate is

the labor force as a percent of the population, and the employmentpopulation ratio is the employed as a percent of the population.

Establishment survey. The sample establishments are drawn

from private nonfarm businesses such as factories, offices, and stores,

as well as federal, state, and local government entities. Employees on

nonfarm payrolls are those who received pay for any part of the reference pay period, including persons on paid leave. Persons are counted

in each job they hold. Hours and earnings data are for private businesses and relate only to production workers in the goods-producing

sector and nonsupervisory workers in the service-providing sector.

Industries are classified on the basis of their principal activity in

accordance with the 2007 version of the North American Industry

Classification System.

Differences in employment estimates. The numerous conceptual and methodological differences between the household and

establishment surveys result in important distinctions in the employment estimates derived from the surveys. Among these are:

• The household survey includes agricultural workers, the self-employed, unpaid family workers, and private household workers among

the employed. These groups are excluded from the establishment survey.

• The household survey includes people on unpaid leave among the

employed. The establishment survey does not.

• The household survey is limited to workers 16 years of age and older.

The establishment survey is not limited by age.

• The household survey has no duplication of individuals, because

individuals are counted only once, even if they hold more than one job.

In the establishment survey, employees working at more than one job

and thus appearing on more than one payroll would be counted separately for each appearance.

Seasonal adjustment

Over the course of a year, the size of the nation’s labor force and the

levels of employment and unemployment undergo sharp fluctuations

due to such seasonal events as changes in weather, reduced or expanded

production, harvests, major holidays, and the opening and closing of

schools. The effect of such seasonal variation can be very large; seasonal fluctuations may account for as much as 95 percent of the monthto-month changes in unemployment.

Because these seasonal events follow a more or less regular pattern

each year, their influence on statistical trends can be eliminated by

adjusting the statistics from month to month. These adjustments make

nonseasonal developments, such as declines in economic activity or

increases in the participation of women in the labor force, easier to

spot. For example, the large number of youth entering the labor force

each June is likely to obscure any other changes that have taken place

relative to May, making it difficult to determine if the level of economic activity has risen or declined. However, because the effect of

students finishing school in previous years is known, the statistics

for the current year can be adjusted to allow for a comparable change.

Insofar as the seasonal adjustment is made correctly, the adjusted figure provides a more useful tool with which to analyze changes in

economic activity.

Most seasonally adjusted series are independently adjusted in both

the household and establishment surveys. However, the ad-
justed series for many major estimates, such as total payroll employment, employment in most supersectors, total employment, and

unemployment are computed by aggregating independently adjusted component series. For example, total unemployment is derived by summing the adjusted series for four major agesex components; this differs from the unemployment estimate

that would be obtained by directly adjusting the total or

by combining the duration, reasons, or more detailed age categories.

For both the household and establishment surveys, a concurrent

seasonal adjustment methodology is used in which new seasonal

factors are calculated each month, using all relevant data, up to and

including the data for the current month. In the household survey, new

seasonal factors are used to adjust only the current month’s data. In

the establishment survey, however, new seasonal factors are used each

month to adjust the three most recent monthly estimates. In both

surveys, revisions to historical data are made once a year.

Reliability of the estimates

Statistics based on the household and establishment surveys are

subject to both sampling and nonsampling error. When a sample rather

than the entire population is surveyed, there is a chance that the sample

estimates may differ from the “true” population values they represent.

The exact difference, or sampling error, varies depending on the

particular sample selected, and this variability is measured by the

standard error of the estimate. There is about a 90-percent chance, or

level of confidence, that an estimate based on a sample will differ by no

more than 1.6 standard errors from the “true” population value because

of sampling error. BLS analyses are generally conducted at the 90-

percent level of confidence.

For example, the confidence interval for the monthly change in total

employment from the household survey is on the order of plus or

minus 430,000. Suppose the estimate of total employment increases

by 100,000 from one month to the next. The 90-percent confidence

interval on the monthly change would range from -330,000 to 530,000

(100,000 +/- 430,000). These figures do not mean that the sample

results are off by these magnitudes, but rather that there is about a

90-percent chance that the “true” over-the-month change lies within

this interval. Since this range includes values of less than zero, we

could not say with confidence that employment had, in fact, increased.

If, however, the reported employment rise was half a million, then

all of the values within the 90-percent confidence interval would be

greater than zero. In this case, it is likely (at least a 90-percent chance)

that an employment rise had, in fact, occurred. At an unemployment

rate of around 5.5 percent, the 90-percent confidence interval for the

monthly change in unemployment is about +/- 280,000, and for the

monthly change in the unemployment rate it is about +/- .19 percentage

point.

In general, estimates involving many individuals or establishments

have lower standard errors (relative to the size of the estimate) than

estimates which are based on a small number of observations. The

precision of estimates is also improved when the data are cumulated

over time such as for quarterly and annual averages. The seasonal

adjustment process can also improve the stability of the monthly

estimates.

The household and establishment surveys are also affected by

nonsampling error. Nonsampling errors can occur for many reasons,

including the failure to sample a segment of the population, inability to

obtain information for all respondents in the sample, inability or

unwillingness of respondents to provide correct information on a

timely basis, mistakes made by respondents, and errors made in the

collection or processing of the data.

For example, in the establishment survey, estimates for the most

recent 2 months are based on incomplete returns; for this reason, these

estimates are labeled preliminary in the tables. It is only after two

successive revisions to a monthly estimate, when nearly all sample

reports have been received, that the estimate is considered final.

Another major source of nonsampling error in the establishment

survey is the inability to capture, on a timely basis, employment

generated by new firms. To correct for this systematic underestimation

of employment growth, an estimation procedure with two components

is used to account for business births. The first component uses business

deaths to impute employment for business births. This is incorporated

into the sample-based link relative estimate procedure by simply not

reflecting sample units going out of business, but imputing to them the

same trend as the other firms in the sample. The second component is

an ARIMA time series model designed to estimate the residual net birth/

death employment not accounted for by the imputation. The historical

time series used to create and test the ARIMA model was derived from

the unemployment insurance universe micro-level database, and reflects

the actual residual net of births and deaths over the past five years.

The sample-based estimates from the establishment survey are

adjusted once a year (on a lagged basis) to universe counts of payroll

employment obtained from administrative records of the unemployment insurance program. The difference between the March samplebased employment estimates and the March universe counts is known

as a benchmark revision, and serves as a rough proxy for total survey

error. The new benchmarks also incorporate changes in the classification of industries. Over the past decade, the benchmark revision for

total nonfarm employment has averaged 0.2 percent, ranging from

less than 0.1 percent to 0.6 percent.

Other information

Information in this release will be made available to sensory impaired individuals upon request. Voice phone: (202) 691-5200; TDD

message referral phone: 1-800-877-8339.
HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-1. Employment status of the civilian population by sex and age

(Numbers in thousands)

Employment status, sex, and age

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted 1

May

2007

Apr.

2008

May

2008

May

2007

Jan.

2008

Feb.

2008

Mar.

2008

Apr.

2008

May

2008

TOTAL

Civilian noninstitutional population ................................. 231,480 233,198 233,405 231,480 232,616 232,809 232,995 233,198 233,405

 Civilian labor force ........................................................ 152,350 153,208 154,003 152,776 153,824 153,374 153,784 153,957 154,534

 Participation rate ..................................................... 65.8 65.7 66.0 66.0 66.1 65.9 66.0 66.0 66.2

 Employed .................................................................... 145,864 145,921 145,926 145,913 146,248 145,993 145,969 146,331 146,046

 Employment-population ratio .................................. 63.0 62.6 62.5 63.0 62.9 62.7 62.6 62.7 62.6

 Unemployed ............................................................... 6,486 7,287 8,076 6,863 7,576 7,381 7,815 7,626 8,487

 Unemployment rate ................................................ 4.3 4.8 5.2 4.5 4.9 4.8 5.1 5.0 5.5

 Not in labor force .......................................................... 79,130 79,990 79,402 78,704 78,792 79,436 79,211 79,241 78,872

 Persons who currently want a job ............................... 5,551 4,677 5,393 4,958 4,857 4,772 4,730 4,755 4,766

Men, 16 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population ................................. 111,970 112,803 112,912 111,970 112,493 112,596 112,695 112,803 112,912

 Civilian labor force ........................................................ 81,916 81,864 82,443 82,053 82,355 82,132 82,184 82,256 82,602

 Participation rate ..................................................... 73.2 72.6 73.0 73.3 73.2 72.9 72.9 72.9 73.2

 Employed .................................................................... 78,329 77,745 77,983 78,277 78,157 78,113 77,948 78,038 77,954

 Employment-population ratio .................................. 70.0 68.9 69.1 69.9 69.5 69.4 69.2 69.2 69.0

 Unemployed ............................................................... 3,587 4,119 4,459 3,776 4,197 4,019 4,236 4,218 4,648

 Unemployment rate ................................................ 4.4 5.0 5.4 4.6 5.1 4.9 5.2 5.1 5.6

 Not in labor force .......................................................... 30,054 30,939 30,470 29,917 30,139 30,464 30,511 30,547 30,310

Men, 20 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population ................................. 103,361 104,152 104,258 103,361 103,866 103,961 104,052 104,152 104,258

 Civilian labor force ........................................................ 78,522 78,632 78,859 78,497 78,864 78,748 78,838 78,776 78,878

 Participation rate ..................................................... 76.0 75.5 75.6 75.9 75.9 75.7 75.8 75.6 75.7

 Employed .................................................................... 75,537 75,048 75,151 75,343 75,427 75,362 75,197 75,148 75,001

 Employment-population ratio .................................. 73.1 72.1 72.1 72.9 72.6 72.5 72.3 72.2 71.9

 Unemployed ............................................................... 2,985 3,584 3,708 3,154 3,437 3,386 3,641 3,628 3,877

 Unemployment rate ................................................ 3.8 4.6 4.7 4.0 4.4 4.3 4.6 4.6 4.9

 Not in labor force .......................................................... 24,839 25,520 25,399 24,864 25,002 25,213 25,214 25,376 25,380

Women, 16 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population ................................. 119,510 120,396 120,493 119,510 120,123 120,213 120,300 120,396 120,493

 Civilian labor force ........................................................ 70,434 71,344 71,560 70,724 71,469 71,241 71,600 71,701 71,931

 Participation rate ..................................................... 58.9 59.3 59.4 59.2 59.5 59.3 59.5 59.6 59.7

 Employed .................................................................... 67,535 68,176 67,943 67,637 68,091 67,880 68,021 68,293 68,092

 Employment-population ratio .................................. 56.5 56.6 56.4 56.6 56.7 56.5 56.5 56.7 56.5

 Unemployed ............................................................... 2,899 3,168 3,617 3,087 3,378 3,361 3,579 3,408 3,839

 Unemployment rate ................................................ 4.1 4.4 5.1 4.4 4.7 4.7 5.0 4.8 5.3

 Not in labor force .......................................................... 49,076 49,052 48,932 48,787 48,654 48,972 48,700 48,694 48,562

Women, 20 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population ................................. 111,157 111,990 112,083 111,157 111,739 111,822 111,902 111,990 112,083

 Civilian labor force ........................................................ 67,121 68,053 68,124 67,318 67,982 67,816 68,159 68,176 68,390

 Participation rate ..................................................... 60.4 60.8 60.8 60.6 60.8 60.6 60.9 60.9 61.0

 Employed .................................................................... 64,715 65,329 65,115 64,710 65,098 64,950 65,055 65,260 65,138

 Employment-population ratio .................................. 58.2 58.3 58.1 58.2 58.3 58.1 58.1 58.3 58.1

 Unemployed ............................................................... 2,406 2,724 3,008 2,608 2,885 2,865 3,104 2,916 3,252

 Unemployment rate ................................................ 3.6 4.0 4.4 3.9 4.2 4.2 4.6 4.3 4.8

 Not in labor force .......................................................... 44,036 43,937 43,959 43,839 43,756 44,006 43,743 43,814 43,693

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

Civilian noninstitutional population ................................. 16,962 17,056 17,064 16,962 17,012 17,027 17,041 17,056 17,064

 Civilian labor force ........................................................ 6,707 6,523 7,020 6,961 6,978 6,810 6,787 7,005 7,266

 Participation rate ..................................................... 39.5 38.2 41.1 41.0 41.0 40.0 39.8 41.1 42.6

 Employed .................................................................... 5,611 5,544 5,660 5,860 5,724 5,681 5,717 5,923 5,907

 Employment-population ratio .................................. 33.1 32.5 33.2 34.5 33.6 33.4 33.5 34.7 34.6

 Unemployed ............................................................... 1,095 979 1,360 1,101 1,254 1,130 1,070 1,082 1,358

 Unemployment rate ................................................ 16.3 15.0 19.4 15.8 18.0 16.6 15.8 15.4 18.7

 Not in labor force .......................................................... 10,256 10,533 10,044 10,001 10,034 10,216 10,254 10,051 9,798

1 The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns.

 NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-2. Employment status of the civilian population by race, sex, and age

(Numbers in thousands)

Employment status, race, sex, and age

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted 1

May

2007

Apr.

2008

May

2008

May

2007

Jan.

2008

Feb.

2008

Mar.

2008

Apr.

2008

May

2008

WHITE 

Civilian noninstitutional population ................................. 187,993 189,147 189,281 187,993 188,787 188,906 189,019 189,147 189,281

 Civilian labor force ........................................................ 124,376 124,599 125,415 124,639 125,340 124,940 125,190 125,171 125,762

 Participation rate ....................................................... 66.2 65.9 66.3 66.3 66.4 66.1 66.2 66.2 66.4

 Employed .................................................................... 119,719 119,341 119,603 119,711 119,858 119,534 119,574 119,667 119,661

 Employment-population ratio .................................... 63.7 63.1 63.2 63.7 63.5 63.3 63.3 63.3 63.2

 Unemployed ............................................................... 4,657 5,258 5,812 4,928 5,482 5,406 5,616 5,504 6,101

 Unemployment rate .................................................. 3.7 4.2 4.6 4.0 4.4 4.3 4.5 4.4 4.9

 Not in labor force .......................................................... 63,618 64,548 63,866 63,355 63,447 63,966 63,829 63,975 63,519

Men, 20 years and over

 Civilian labor force ........................................................ 65,241 65,110 65,416 65,166 65,470 65,270 65,342 65,183 65,392

 Participation rate ....................................................... 76.5 75.8 76.1 76.4 76.4 76.1 76.2 75.9 76.1

 Employed .................................................................... 63,091 62,483 62,671 62,876 62,924 62,745 62,665 62,507 62,491

 Employment-population ratio .................................... 74.0 72.8 72.9 73.7 73.5 73.2 73.1 72.8 72.7

 Unemployed ............................................................... 2,149 2,627 2,744 2,289 2,546 2,524 2,677 2,676 2,901

 Unemployment rate .................................................. 3.3 4.0 4.2 3.5 3.9 3.9 4.1 4.1 4.4

Women, 20 years and over

 Civilian labor force ........................................................ 53,577 54,102 54,230 53,703 54,192 54,078 54,264 54,211 54,400

 Participation rate ....................................................... 59.7 60.0 60.1 59.9 60.2 60.0 60.2 60.1 60.3

 Employed .................................................................... 51,877 52,195 52,159 51,865 52,143 52,004 52,061 52,182 52,177

 Employment-population ratio .................................... 57.8 57.9 57.8 57.8 57.9 57.7 57.7 57.8 57.8

 Unemployed ............................................................... 1,700 1,907 2,071 1,837 2,049 2,075 2,202 2,029 2,223

 Unemployment rate .................................................. 3.2 3.5 3.8 3.4 3.8 3.8 4.1 3.7 4.1

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

 Civilian labor force ........................................................ 5,558 5,386 5,769 5,771 5,678 5,592 5,584 5,777 5,971

 Participation rate ....................................................... 42.6 41.2 44.1 44.3 43.5 42.8 42.7 44.2 45.7

 Employed .................................................................... 4,751 4,663 4,772 4,969 4,791 4,785 4,848 4,978 4,993

 Employment-population ratio .................................... 36.5 35.7 36.5 38.1 36.7 36.6 37.1 38.1 38.2

 Unemployed ............................................................... 807 723 996 801 887 807 736 799 978

 Unemployment rate .................................................. 14.5 13.4 17.3 13.9 15.6 14.4 13.2 13.8 16.4

BLACK OR AFRICAN AMERICAN 

Civilian noninstitutional population ................................. 27,422 27,746 27,780 27,422 27,640 27,675 27,709 27,746 27,780

 Civilian labor force ........................................................ 17,357 17,654 17,676 17,405 17,713 17,632 17,702 17,753 17,742

 Participation rate ....................................................... 63.3 63.6 63.6 63.5 64.1 63.7 63.9 64.0 63.9

 Employed .................................................................... 15,957 16,207 16,015 15,939 16,090 16,169 16,116 16,234 16,029

 Employment-population ratio .................................... 58.2 58.4 57.6 58.1 58.2 58.4 58.2 58.5 57.7

 Unemployed ............................................................... 1,400 1,447 1,661 1,466 1,623 1,463 1,586 1,520 1,713

 Unemployment rate .................................................. 8.1 8.2 9.4 8.4 9.2 8.3 9.0 8.6 9.7

 Not in labor force .......................................................... 10,065 10,092 10,105 10,017 9,927 10,043 10,007 9,992 10,038

Men, 20 years and over

 Civilian labor force ........................................................ 7,763 7,905 7,880 7,785 7,916 7,947 7,922 7,945 7,909

 Participation rate ....................................................... 70.4 70.9 70.6 70.6 71.3 71.5 71.2 71.3 70.8

 Employed .................................................................... 7,149 7,243 7,182 7,149 7,259 7,320 7,255 7,278 7,202

 Employment-population ratio .................................... 64.8 65.0 64.3 64.8 65.4 65.8 65.2 65.3 64.5

 Unemployed ............................................................... 614 662 698 636 656 627 667 667 707

 Unemployment rate .................................................. 7.9 8.4 8.9 8.2 8.3 7.9 8.4 8.4 8.9

Women, 20 years and over

 Civilian labor force ........................................................ 8,810 9,039 8,988 8,816 8,921 8,866 9,016 9,038 9,008

 Participation rate ....................................................... 64.0 64.9 64.5 64.1 64.3 63.8 64.8 64.9 64.6

 Employed .................................................................... 8,254 8,419 8,284 8,228 8,266 8,289 8,336 8,374 8,268

 Employment-population ratio .................................... 60.0 60.4 59.4 59.8 59.6 59.6 59.9 60.1 59.3

 Unemployed ............................................................... 556 620 704 588 654 577 680 664 740

 Unemployment rate .................................................. 6.3 6.9 7.8 6.7 7.3 6.5 7.5 7.4 8.2

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

 Civilian labor force ........................................................ 784 710 808 804 876 819 764 771 825

 Participation rate ....................................................... 29.8 26.6 30.2 30.5 33.0 30.8 28.7 28.9 30.9

 Employed .................................................................... 554 545 548 562 564 560 525 582 558

 Employment-population ratio .................................... 21.0 20.4 20.5 21.3 21.2 21.0 19.7 21.8 20.9

 Unemployed ............................................................... 230 165 259 242 313 259 239 189 266

 Unemployment rate .................................................. 29.4 23.3 32.1 30.1 35.7 31.7 31.3 24.5 32.3

See footnotes at end of table.
HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-2. Employment status of the civilian population by race, sex, and age — Continued

(Numbers in thousands)

Employment status, race, sex, and age

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted 1

May

2007

Apr.

2008

May

2008

May

2007

Jan.

2008

Feb.

2008

Mar.

2008

Apr.

2008

May

2008

ASIAN 

Civilian noninstitutional population ................................. 10,633 10,658 10,670 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

 Civilian labor force ........................................................ 7,042 7,220 7,157 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

 Participation rate ....................................................... 66.2 67.7 67.1 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

 Employed .................................................................... 6,836 6,985 6,881 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

 Employment-population ratio .................................... 64.3 65.5 64.5 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

 Unemployed ............................................................... 206 234 275 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

 Unemployment rate .................................................. 2.9 3.2 3.8 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

 Not in labor force .......................................................... 3,591 3,438 3,513 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

1 The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore,

identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns. 2 Data not available.

 NOTE: Estimates for the above race groups will not sum to totals shown in

table A-1 because data are not presented for all races. Updated population

controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

Table A-3. Employment status of the Hispanic or Latino population by sex and age

(Numbers in thousands)

Employment status, sex, and age

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted 1

May

2007

Apr.

2008

May

2008

May

2007

Jan.

2008

Feb.

2008

Mar.

2008

Apr.

2008

May

2008

HISPANIC OR LATINO ETHNICITY

Civilian noninstitutional population ................................. 31,238 31,911 31,998 31,238 31,643 31,732 31,820 31,911 31,998

 Civilian labor force ........................................................ 21,460 21,901 22,104 21,434 21,698 21,755 21,775 21,917 22,102

 Participation rate ....................................................... 68.7 68.6 69.1 68.6 68.6 68.6 68.4 68.7 69.1

 Employed .................................................................... 20,329 20,456 20,699 20,197 20,320 20,401 20,269 20,404 20,573

 Employment-population ratio .................................... 65.1 64.1 64.7 64.7 64.2 64.3 63.7 63.9 64.3

 Unemployed ............................................................... 1,131 1,445 1,405 1,237 1,378 1,354 1,507 1,512 1,529

 Unemployment rate .................................................. 5.3 6.6 6.4 5.8 6.3 6.2 6.9 6.9 6.9

 Not in labor force .......................................................... 9,778 10,010 9,894 9,804 9,946 9,977 10,045 9,994 9,896

Men, 20 years and over

 Civilian labor force ........................................................ 12,390 12,495 12,627 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

 Participation rate ....................................................... 85.0 84.1 84.7 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

 Employed .................................................................... 11,852 11,769 11,893 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

 Employment-population ratio .................................... 81.3 79.2 79.8 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

 Unemployed ............................................................... 538 726 734 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

 Unemployment rate .................................................. 4.3 5.8 5.8 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

Women, 20 years and over

 Civilian labor force ........................................................ 8,015 8,272 8,346 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

 Participation rate ....................................................... 58.4 59.0 59.3 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

 Employed .................................................................... 7,630 7,774 7,873 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

 Employment-population ratio .................................... 55.6 55.4 56.0 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

 Unemployed ............................................................... 385 497 473 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

 Unemployment rate .................................................. 4.8 6.0 5.7 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

 Civilian labor force ........................................................ 1,054 1,134 1,131 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

 Participation rate ....................................................... 36.0 37.6 37.4 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

 Employed .................................................................... 846 913 933 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

 Employment-population ratio .................................... 28.9 30.3 30.8 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

 Unemployed ............................................................... 208 222 198 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

 Unemployment rate .................................................. 19.7 19.5 17.5 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

1 The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore,

identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns. 2 Data not available.

 NOTE: Persons whose ethnicity is identified as Hispanic or Latino may be of

any race. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release

of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-4. Employment status of the civilian population 25 years and over by educational attainment

(Numbers in thousands)

Educational attainment

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

May

2007

Apr.

2008

May

2008

May

2007

Jan.

2008

Feb.

2008

Mar.

2008

Apr.

2008

May

2008

Less than a high school diploma

Civilian labor force .......................................................... 12,710 12,280 12,423 12,382 12,305 12,127 12,058 12,095 12,119

 Participation rate ......................................................... 46.9 46.2 46.5 45.7 46.0 46.4 46.0 45.5 45.4

 Employed ...................................................................... 11,962 11,353 11,512 11,551 11,362 11,236 11,071 11,157 11,118

 Employment-population ratio ...................................... 44.2 42.7 43.1 42.7 42.5 43.0 42.3 42.0 41.6

 Unemployed ................................................................. 749 927 911 831 943 891 986 938 1,001

 Unemployment rate .................................................... 5.9 7.6 7.3 6.7 7.7 7.3 8.2 7.8 8.3

High school graduates, no college 1

Civilian labor force .......................................................... 38,080 37,703 38,198 38,109 38,364 38,078 37,952 37,926 38,323

 Participation rate ......................................................... 62.5 62.2 62.6 62.6 62.9 62.6 62.3 62.6 62.8

 Employed ...................................................................... 36,515 35,837 36,387 36,386 36,587 36,303 36,016 36,032 36,349

 Employment-population ratio ...................................... 60.0 59.1 59.6 59.8 59.9 59.7 59.1 59.5 59.5

 Unemployed ................................................................. 1,565 1,865 1,811 1,724 1,778 1,775 1,936 1,894 1,974

 Unemployment rate .................................................... 4.1 4.9 4.7 4.5 4.6 4.7 5.1 5.0 5.2

Some college or associate degree

Civilian labor force .......................................................... 35,762 36,635 36,565 36,055 36,492 36,437 36,548 36,688 36,791

 Participation rate ......................................................... 72.1 72.1 72.0 72.7 72.5 72.0 72.1 72.2 72.4

 Employed ...................................................................... 34,622 35,219 35,101 34,819 35,187 35,086 35,142 35,271 35,219

 Employment-population ratio ...................................... 69.8 69.3 69.1 70.2 69.9 69.4 69.3 69.4 69.3

 Unemployed ................................................................. 1,140 1,415 1,464 1,237 1,305 1,351 1,405 1,417 1,572

 Unemployment rate .................................................... 3.2 3.9 4.0 3.4 3.6 3.7 3.8 3.9 4.3

Bachelor’s degree and higher 2

Civilian labor force .......................................................... 44,138 45,234 44,612 44,040 44,604 45,226 45,459 45,309 44,566

 Participation rate ......................................................... 78.1 78.3 77.8 77.9 78.0 78.1 78.6 78.4 77.7

 Employed ...................................................................... 43,309 44,351 43,673 43,168 43,651 44,283 44,501 44,376 43,588

 Employment-population ratio ...................................... 76.6 76.7 76.1 76.3 76.4 76.5 77.0 76.8 76.0

 Unemployed ................................................................. 829 883 939 872 953 944 958 933 978

 Unemployment rate .................................................... 1.9 2.0 2.1 2.0 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.2

1 Includes persons with a high school diploma or equivalent. 2 Includes persons with bachelor’s, master’s, professional, and doctoral

degrees. 

 NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of

 January data. See box note in the BLS news release USDL 07-0486, "The

Employment Situation: March 2007," issued on April 6, 2007, for a discussion of

technical issues regarding educational attainment data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-5. Employed persons by class of worker and part-time status

(In thousands)

Category

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

May

2007

Apr.

2008

May

2008

May

2007

Jan.

2008

Feb.

2008

Mar.

2008

Apr.

2008

May

2008

CLASS OF WORKER

Agriculture and related industries ................................... 2,121 2,074 2,160 2,081 2,213 2,213 2,192 2,109 2,122

 Wage and salary workers ............................................. 1,239 1,203 1,264 1,212 1,259 1,324 1,331 1,244 1,241

 Self-employed workers ................................................. 861 840 865 842 936 873 849 839 849

 Unpaid family workers .................................................. 20 31 31 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( )

Nonagricultural industries ............................................... 143,743 143,847 143,767 143,799 144,052 143,820 143,796 144,258 143,898

 Wage and salary workers ............................................. 133,908 134,369 134,164 134,006 134,755 134,259 134,411 134,761 134,385

 Government ................................................................ 21,479 21,657 21,601 21,190 20,907 21,252 21,262 21,333 21,263

 Private industries ........................................................ 112,429 112,712 112,563 112,789 113,846 112,972 113,142 113,394 113,117

 Private households ................................................... 810 780 774 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( )

 Other industries ........................................................ 111,619 111,932 111,789 111,909 113,042 112,212 112,383 112,650 112,315

 Self-employed workers ................................................. 9,741 9,353 9,470 9,690 9,161 9,410 9,224 9,355 9,383

 Unpaid family workers .................................................. 94 125 132 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( )

PERSONS AT WORK PART TIME 2

All industries:

Part time for economic reasons .................................. 4,315 5,071 5,096 4,469 4,769 4,884 4,914 5,220 5,233

 Slack work or business conditions ........................... 2,872 3,456 3,560 2,952 3,247 3,291 3,323 3,558 3,595

 Could only find part-time work ................................. 1,226 1,348 1,264 1,248 1,163 1,222 1,362 1,323 1,281

Part time for noneconomic reasons ............................ 20,053 20,607 19,708 19,610 19,613 19,348 19,409 19,809 19,428

Nonagricultural industries:

Part time for economic reasons .................................. 4,246 4,978 5,046 4,391 4,677 4,790 4,797 5,125 5,164

 Slack work or business conditions ........................... 2,830 3,389 3,522 2,893 3,174 3,231 3,238 3,513 3,531

 Could only find part-time work ................................. 1,216 1,345 1,261 1,246 1,149 1,216 1,354 1,331 1,288

Part time for noneconomic reasons ............................ 19,689 20,289 19,350 19,192 19,296 19,019 19,072 19,456 19,047

1 Data not available. 2 Persons at work excludes employed persons who were absent from their

jobs during the entire reference week for reasons such as vacation, illness, or

industrial dispute. Part time for noneconomic reasons excludes persons who

usually work full time but worked only 1 to 34 hours during the reference week for

reasons such as holidays, illness, and bad weather.

 NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not

necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the

various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the 

release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-6. Selected employment indicators

(In thousands)

Characteristic

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

May

2007

Apr.

2008

May

2008

May

2007

Jan.

2008

Feb.

2008

Mar.

2008

Apr.

2008

May

2008

AGE AND SEX

Total, 16 years and over ................................................. 145,864 145,921 145,926 145,913 146,248 145,993 145,969 146,331 146,046

 16 to 19 years ............................................................... 5,611 5,544 5,660 5,860 5,724 5,681 5,717 5,923 5,907

 16 to 17 years ............................................................. 2,153 1,898 1,919 2,303 2,121 2,109 2,125 2,072 2,040

 18 to 19 years ............................................................. 3,458 3,646 3,741 3,540 3,603 3,579 3,578 3,847 3,807

 20 years and over ......................................................... 140,252 140,377 140,267 140,053 140,524 140,312 140,252 140,408 140,139

 20 to 24 years ............................................................. 13,845 13,617 13,595 13,953 13,794 13,632 13,657 13,761 13,704

 25 years and over ....................................................... 126,407 126,760 126,672 126,018 126,640 126,644 126,574 126,595 126,394

 25 to 54 years ........................................................... 100,725 100,035 99,993 100,420 100,174 100,057 99,948 99,964 99,774

 25 to 34 years ......................................................... 31,610 31,615 31,573 31,559 31,530 31,599 31,581 31,639 31,545

 35 to 44 years ......................................................... 34,466 33,835 33,820 34,330 33,931 33,863 33,783 33,740 33,701

 45 to 54 years ......................................................... 34,650 34,584 34,601 34,530 34,713 34,595 34,585 34,586 34,528

 55 years and over ..................................................... 25,682 26,725 26,679 25,598 26,466 26,587 26,626 26,631 26,620

Men, 16 years and over .................................................. 78,329 77,745 77,983 78,277 78,157 78,113 77,948 78,038 77,954

 16 to 19 years ............................................................... 2,792 2,697 2,832 2,934 2,731 2,751 2,751 2,890 2,953

 16 to 17 years ............................................................. 1,010 863 927 1,093 950 966 971 937 990

 18 to 19 years ............................................................. 1,782 1,833 1,904 1,838 1,780 1,782 1,780 1,948 1,946

 20 years and over ......................................................... 75,537 75,048 75,151 75,343 75,427 75,362 75,197 75,148 75,001

 20 to 24 years ............................................................. 7,365 7,186 7,215 7,395 7,312 7,219 7,268 7,299 7,250

 25 years and over ....................................................... 68,172 67,862 67,937 67,922 68,060 68,129 67,938 67,809 67,742

 25 to 54 years ........................................................... 54,552 53,684 53,797 54,360 54,041 54,016 53,847 53,678 53,651

 25 to 34 years ......................................................... 17,487 17,285 17,357 17,434 17,348 17,346 17,255 17,321 17,309

 35 to 44 years ......................................................... 18,842 18,213 18,210 18,762 18,335 18,400 18,359 18,180 18,147

 45 to 54 years ......................................................... 18,224 18,186 18,230 18,164 18,357 18,270 18,233 18,177 18,196

 55 years and over ..................................................... 13,620 14,179 14,140 13,562 14,020 14,113 14,091 14,131 14,091

Women, 16 years and over ............................................ 67,535 68,176 67,943 67,637 68,091 67,880 68,021 68,293 68,092

 16 to 19 years ............................................................... 2,820 2,847 2,828 2,926 2,993 2,929 2,966 3,033 2,954

 16 to 17 years ............................................................. 1,143 1,034 991 1,211 1,171 1,143 1,154 1,136 1,050

 18 to 19 years ............................................................. 1,676 1,812 1,836 1,703 1,823 1,797 1,798 1,899 1,861

 20 years and over ......................................................... 64,715 65,329 65,115 64,710 65,098 64,950 65,055 65,260 65,138

 20 to 24 years ............................................................. 6,480 6,431 6,380 6,558 6,482 6,414 6,389 6,463 6,454

 25 years and over ....................................................... 58,235 58,898 58,736 58,096 58,580 58,515 58,636 58,786 58,652

 25 to 54 years ........................................................... 46,173 46,351 46,196 46,060 46,133 46,041 46,101 46,286 46,122

 25 to 34 years ......................................................... 14,123 14,330 14,216 14,126 14,182 14,254 14,326 14,318 14,236

 35 to 44 years ......................................................... 15,624 15,622 15,610 15,569 15,596 15,463 15,423 15,559 15,555

 45 to 54 years ......................................................... 16,426 16,399 16,370 16,366 16,355 16,325 16,352 16,409 16,332

 55 years and over ..................................................... 12,062 12,547 12,540 12,036 12,447 12,474 12,535 12,500 12,529

MARITAL STATUS

Married men, spouse present ......................................... 46,647 46,002 46,024 46,472 46,063 46,136 45,961 45,964 45,862

Married women, spouse present .................................... 36,169 36,331 36,298 36,126 35,536 35,648 35,749 36,177 36,171

Women who maintain families ........................................ 9,190 9,111 9,189 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( )

FULL- OR PART-TIME STATUS

Full-time workers 2 ......................................................... 120,846 120,027 120,809 120,976 121,202 121,275 121,231 120,856 120,989

Part-time workers 3 ......................................................... 25,018 25,894 25,117 24,886 25,043 24,697 24,691 25,245 24,969

MULTIPLE JOBHOLDERS

Total multiple jobholders ................................................. 7,693 7,630 7,653 7,753 7,557 7,582 7,449 7,644 7,679

 Percent of total employed ........................................... 5.3 5.2 5.2 5.3 5.2 5.2 5.1 5.2 5.3

1 Data not available. 2 Employed full-time workers are persons who usually work 35 hours or more

per week. 3 Employed part-time workers are persons who usually work less than 35

hours per week.

 NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not

necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the

various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the 

release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-7. Selected unemployment indicators, seasonally adjusted

Characteristic

Number of

unemployed persons

(in thousands)

Unemployment rates 1

May

2007

Apr.

2008

May

2008

May

2007

Jan.

2008

Feb.

2008

Mar.

2008

Apr.

2008

May

2008

AGE AND SEX

Total, 16 years and over ................................................. 6,863 7,626 8,487 4.5 4.9 4.8 5.1 5.0 5.5

 16 to 19 years ............................................................... 1,101 1,082 1,358 15.8 18.0 16.6 15.8 15.4 18.7

 16 to 17 years ............................................................. 465 509 547 16.8 20.4 18.3 18.6 19.7 21.2

 18 to 19 years ............................................................. 638 583 807 15.3 15.9 15.5 14.0 13.2 17.5

 20 years and over ......................................................... 5,762 6,544 7,129 4.0 4.3 4.3 4.6 4.5 4.8

 20 to 24 years ............................................................. 1,118 1,345 1,584 7.4 8.7 8.9 9.3 8.9 10.4

 25 years and over ....................................................... 4,616 5,179 5,470 3.5 3.8 3.8 4.0 3.9 4.1

 25 to 54 years ........................................................... 3,793 4,333 4,598 3.6 3.9 3.9 4.2 4.2 4.4

 25 to 34 years ......................................................... 1,502 1,690 1,761 4.5 4.9 4.8 5.3 5.1 5.3

 35 to 44 years ......................................................... 1,194 1,350 1,494 3.4 3.6 3.6 3.8 3.8 4.2

 45 to 54 years ......................................................... 1,097 1,293 1,343 3.1 3.4 3.4 3.5 3.6 3.7

 55 years and over ..................................................... 841 838 896 3.2 3.2 3.2 3.4 3.0 3.3

Men, 16 years and over .................................................. 3,776 4,218 4,648 4.6 5.1 4.9 5.2 5.1 5.6

 16 to 19 years ............................................................... 622 590 771 17.5 21.8 18.7 17.8 16.9 20.7

 16 to 17 years ............................................................. 252 267 301 18.7 24.0 20.5 22.0 22.2 23.3

 18 to 19 years ............................................................. 380 330 475 17.1 19.5 18.0 15.2 14.5 19.6

 20 years and over ......................................................... 3,154 3,628 3,877 4.0 4.4 4.3 4.6 4.6 4.9

 20 to 24 years ............................................................. 708 804 900 8.7 9.4 9.9 10.3 9.9 11.0

 25 years and over ....................................................... 2,456 2,816 2,960 3.5 3.8 3.7 4.0 4.0 4.2

 25 to 54 years ........................................................... 1,985 2,385 2,465 3.5 4.0 3.8 4.1 4.3 4.4

 25 to 34 years ......................................................... 811 916 994 4.4 5.1 4.8 5.4 5.0 5.4

 35 to 44 years ......................................................... 584 753 772 3.0 3.6 3.4 3.6 4.0 4.1

 45 to 54 years ......................................................... 590 716 699 3.1 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.8 3.7

 55 years and over ..................................................... 471 431 496 3.4 3.2 3.2 3.3 3.0 3.4

Women, 16 years and over ............................................ 3,087 3,408 3,839 4.4 4.7 4.7 5.0 4.8 5.3

 16 to 19 years ............................................................... 479 492 587 14.1 14.2 14.5 13.8 14.0 16.6

 16 to 17 years ............................................................. 213 242 246 15.0 17.2 16.2 15.5 17.5 19.0

 18 to 19 years ............................................................. 258 253 332 13.2 12.1 12.8 12.8 11.8 15.2

 20 years and over ......................................................... 2,608 2,916 3,252 3.9 4.2 4.2 4.6 4.3 4.8

 20 to 24 years ............................................................. 410 542 684 5.9 8.0 7.7 8.1 7.7 9.6

 25 years and over ....................................................... 2,160 2,363 2,509 3.6 3.8 3.8 4.1 3.9 4.1

 25 to 54 years ........................................................... 1,808 1,949 2,133 3.8 3.9 4.0 4.2 4.0 4.4

 25 to 34 years ......................................................... 691 774 767 4.7 4.8 4.7 5.3 5.1 5.1

 35 to 44 years ......................................................... 610 598 722 3.8 3.6 3.9 3.9 3.7 4.4

 45 to 54 years ......................................................... 507 577 644 3.0 3.4 3.4 3.5 3.4 3.8

 55 years and over 2 .................................................. 333 366 357 2.7 3.4 3.3 3.4 2.8 2.8

MARITAL STATUS

Married men, spouse present ......................................... 1,217 1,319 1,357 2.6 2.7 2.7 2.8 2.8 2.9

Married women, spouse present .................................... 1,025 1,115 1,169 2.8 3.1 3.1 3.3 3.0 3.1

Women who maintain families 2 ..................................... 617 661 683 6.3 7.0 6.7 7.1 6.8 6.9

FULL- OR PART-TIME STATUS

Full-time workers 3 ......................................................... 5,543 6,328 7,010 4.4 4.8 4.8 5.0 5.0 5.5

Part-time workers 4 ......................................................... 1,291 1,303 1,454 4.9 5.4 5.0 5.3 4.9 5.5

1 Unemployment as a percent of the civilian labor force. 2 Not seasonally adjusted. 3 Full-time workers are unemployed persons who have expressed a desire to

work full time (35 hours or more per week) or are on layoff from full-time jobs. 4 Part-time workers are unemployed persons who have expressed a desire to

work part time (less than 35 hours per week) or are on layoff from part-time jobs.

 NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not 

necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the 

various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the

release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-8. Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment

(Numbers in thousands)

Reason

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

May

2007

Apr.

2008

May

2008

May

2007

Jan.

2008

Feb.

2008

Mar.

2008

Apr.

2008

May

2008

NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED

Job losers and persons who completed temporary

jobs ............................................................................... 3,070 3,931 3,949 3,375 3,796 3,854 4,154 4,014 4,282

On temporary layoff .................................................... 750 1,053 856 997 1,040 971 1,056 1,099 1,113

Not on temporary layoff .............................................. 2,319 2,878 3,094 2,379 2,756 2,883 3,098 2,915 3,169

Permanent job losers .............................................. 1,665 2,114 2,220 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( )

Persons who completed temporary jobs ................ 655 764 874 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( )

Job leavers ..................................................................... 705 816 819 768 830 769 781 850 870

Reentrants ...................................................................... 2,181 1,995 2,515 2,149 2,201 2,112 2,117 2,134 2,460

New entrants .................................................................. 530 545 793 557 667 648 681 624 828

PERCENT DISTRIBUTION

Total unemployed ........................................................... 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

Job losers and persons who completed temporary

jobs ............................................................................. 47.3 53.9 48.9 49.3 50.7 52.2 53.7 52.7 50.7

On temporary layoff .................................................. 11.6 14.4 10.6 14.6 13.9 13.2 13.7 14.4 13.2

Not on temporary layoff ............................................ 35.8 39.5 38.3 34.7 36.8 39.0 40.1 38.2 37.5

Job leavers ................................................................... 10.9 11.2 10.1 11.2 11.1 10.4 10.1 11.2 10.3

Reentrants .................................................................... 33.6 27.4 31.1 31.4 29.4 28.6 27.4 28.0 29.1

New entrants ................................................................ 8.2 7.5 9.8 8.1 8.9 8.8 8.8 8.2 9.8

UNEMPLOYED AS A PERCENT OF THE

 CIVILIAN LABOR FORCE

Job losers and persons who completed temporary

jobs ............................................................................. 2.0 2.6 2.6 2.2 2.5 2.5 2.7 2.6 2.8

Job leavers ................................................................... .5 .5 .5 .5 .5 .5 .5 .6 .6

Reentrants .................................................................... 1.4 1.3 1.6 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.6

New entrants ................................................................ .3 .4 .5 .4 .4 .4 .4 .4 .5

1 Data not available.

 NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-9. Unemployed persons by duration of unemployment

(Numbers in thousands)

Duration

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

May

2007

Apr.

2008

May

2008

May

2007

Jan.

2008

Feb.

2008

Mar.

2008

Apr.

2008

May

2008

NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED

Less than 5 weeks .............................................................................. 2,428 2,151 3,222 2,467 2,634 2,639 2,767 2,484 3,244

5 to 14 weeks ..................................................................................... 1,801 2,225 2,035 2,187 2,396 2,396 2,525 2,495 2,469

15 weeks and over ............................................................................. 2,257 2,911 2,819 2,236 2,503 2,377 2,400 2,626 2,773

 15 to 26 weeks ................................................................................ 1,135 1,473 1,263 1,099 1,124 1,079 1,118 1,272 1,223

 27 weeks and over .......................................................................... 1,122 1,439 1,557 1,137 1,380 1,299 1,282 1,353 1,550

Average (mean) duration, in weeks .................................................... 17.1 18.3 17.0 16.6 17.5 16.8 16.2 16.9 16.6

Median duration, in weeks .................................................................. 8.4 11.0 8.2 8.3 8.8 8.4 8.1 9.3 8.3

PERCENT DISTRIBUTION

Total unemployed ............................................................................... 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

 Less than 5 weeks ............................................................................ 37.4 29.5 39.9 35.8 35.0 35.6 36.0 32.7 38.2

 5 to 14 weeks ................................................................................... 27.8 30.5 25.2 31.7 31.8 32.3 32.8 32.8 29.1

 15 weeks and over ........................................................................... 34.8 40.0 34.9 32.5 33.2 32.1 31.2 34.5 32.7

 15 to 26 weeks ............................................................................... 17.5 20.2 15.6 16.0 14.9 14.6 14.5 16.7 14.4

 27 weeks and over ......................................................................... 17.3 19.7 19.3 16.5 18.3 17.5 16.7 17.8 18.3

 NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

Table A-10. Employed and unemployed persons by occupation, not seasonally adjusted

(Numbers in thousands)

Occupation

Employed Unemployed Unemployment

rates

May

2007

May

2008

May

2007

May

2008

May

2007

May

2008

 Total, 16 years and over 1 ....................................................... 145,864 145,926 6,486 8,076 4.3 5.2

Management, professional, and related occupations ............. 51,719 52,544 1,019 1,407 1.9 2.6

 Management, business, and financial operations

occupations .................................................................................... 21,313 21,823 441 610 2.0 2.7

 Professional and related occupations ...................................... 30,406 30,721 578 796 1.9 2.5

Service occupations ....................................................................... 24,337 24,679 1,432 1,648 5.6 6.3

Sales and office occupations ....................................................... 35,983 35,589 1,528 1,779 4.1 4.8

 Sales and related occupations .................................................. 16,705 16,167 772 861 4.4 5.1

 Office and administrative support occupations ...................... 19,278 19,422 756 918 3.8 4.5

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance

occupations .................................................................................... 15,661 14,876 969 1,207 5.8 7.5

 Farming, fishing, and forestry occupations ............................. 1,004 1,008 73 80 6.8 7.3

 Construction and extraction occupations ................................ 9,458 8,684 700 907 6.9 9.5

 Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations ................ 5,199 5,184 196 220 3.6 4.1

Production, transportation, and material moving

occupations .................................................................................... 18,165 18,238 985 1,228 5.1 6.3

 Production occupations .............................................................. 9,535 9,136 534 653 5.3 6.7

 Transportation and material moving occupations ................. 8,630 9,103 452 575 5.0 5.9

1 Persons with no previous work experience and persons whose last job was in the Armed Forces are included in the unemployed total.

 NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-11. Unemployed persons by industry and class of worker, not seasonally adjusted

Industry and class of worker

Number of

unemployed

persons

(in thousands)

Unemployment

rates

May

2007

May

2008

May

2007

May

2008

 Total, 16 years and over 1 .................................................... 6,486 8,076 4.3 5.2

Nonagricultural private wage and salary workers .................... 5,188 6,362 4.4 5.3

 Mining ............................................................................................. 22 28 3.0 3.4

 Construction .................................................................................. 676 809 6.9 8.6

 Manufacturing ............................................................................... 651 879 3.9 5.3

 Durable goods ............................................................................ 443 565 4.1 5.4

 Nondurable goods ..................................................................... 208 314 3.6 5.3

 Wholesale and retail trade ......................................................... 795 1,049 3.9 5.2

 Transportation and utilities ......................................................... 216 269 3.8 4.3

 Information ..................................................................................... 110 170 3.3 5.0

 Financial activities ........................................................................ 281 361 2.9 3.7

 Professional and business services ......................................... 743 829 5.4 5.9

 Education and health services .................................................. 622 619 3.3 3.2

 Leisure and hospitality ................................................................ 831 1,074 6.8 8.4

 Other services ............................................................................... 242 275 3.9 4.4

Agriculture and related private wage and salary workers ...... 64 94 5.1 7.4

Government workers ..................................................................... 428 461 1.9 2.1

Self employed and unpaid family workers ................................. 276 366 2.5 3.4

1 Persons with no previous work experience are included in the unemployed total.

 NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

Table A-12. Alternative measures of labor underutilization

(Percent)

Measure

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

May

2007

Apr.

2008

May

2008

May

2007

Jan.

2008

Feb.

2008

Mar.

2008

Apr.

2008

May

2008

U-1 Persons unemployed 15 weeks or longer, as a percent of the

civilian labor force ..................................................................... 1.5 1.9 1.8 1.5 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.7 1.8

U-2 Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs, as a

percent of the civilian labor force .............................................. 2.0 2.6 2.6 2.2 2.5 2.5 2.7 2.6 2.8

U-3 Total unemployed, as a percent of the civilian labor force

(official unemployment rate) ................................................. 4.3 4.8 5.2 4.5 4.9 4.8 5.1 5.0 5.5

U-4 Total unemployed plus discouraged workers, as a percent of the

civilian labor force plus discouraged workers ........................... 4.5 5.0 5.5 4.7 5.2 5.1 5.3 5.2 5.7

U-5 Total unemployed, plus discouraged workers, plus all other

marginally attached workers, as a percent of the civilian labor

force plus all marginally attached workers ................................ 5.1 5.6 6.1 5.4 6.0 5.8 5.9 5.8 6.4

U-6 Total unemployed, plus all marginally attached workers, plus

total employed part time for economic reasons, as a percent

of the civilian labor force plus all marginally attached

workers ..................................................................................... 7.9 8.9 9.4 8.3 9.0 8.9 9.1 9.2 9.7

 NOTE: Marginally attached workers are persons who currently are neither

working nor looking for work but indicate that they want and are available for a job

and have looked for work sometime in the recent past. Discouraged workers, a

subset of the marginally attached, have given a job-market related reason for not

looking currently for a job. Persons employed part time for economic reasons are

those who want and are available for full-time work but have had to settle for a

part-time schedule. For more information, see "BLS introduces new range of

alternative unemployment measures," in the October 1995 issue of the Monthly

Labor Review. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the 

release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-13. Persons not in the labor force and multiple jobholders by sex, not seasonally adjusted

(Numbers in thousands)

Category

Total Men Women

May

2007

May

2008

May

2007

May

2008

May

2007

May

2008

NOT IN THE LABOR FORCE

Total not in the labor force .................................................................. 79,130 79,402 30,054 30,470 49,076 48,932

 Persons who currently want a job ...................................................... 5,551 5,393 2,562 2,427 2,989 2,966

Searched for work and available to work now 1 ........................... 1,406 1,416 693 754 713 662

Reason not currently looking:

Discouragement over job prospects 2 .................................. 368 400 246 260 122 140

Reasons other than discouragement 3 ................................. 1,038 1,016 447 494 591 522

MULTIPLE JOBHOLDERS

Total multiple jobholders 4 .................................................................. 7,693 7,653 3,835 3,841 3,858 3,812

 Percent of total employed ............................................................... 5.3 5.2 4.9 4.9 5.7 5.6

 Primary job full time, secondary job part time ................................. 4,121 4,205 2,316 2,300 1,805 1,904

 Primary and secondary jobs both part time .................................... 1,851 1,827 563 577 1,288 1,250

 Primary and secondary jobs both full time ...................................... 327 286 220 195 107 91

 Hours vary on primary or secondary job ......................................... 1,334 1,296 711 739 623 557

1 Data refer to persons who have searched for work during the prior 12 months and

were available to take a job during the reference week. 2 Includes thinks no work available, could not find work, lacks schooling or training,

employer thinks too young or old, and other types of discrimination. 3 Includes those who did not actively look for work in the prior 4 weeks for such

reasons as school or family responsibilities, ill health, and transportation problems, as

well as a small number for which reason for nonparticipation was not determined. 4 Includes persons who work part time on their primary job and full time on their

secondary job(s), not shown separately.

 NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of

January data.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-1. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and selected industry detail

(In thousands)

Industry

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

 May 

2007

 Mar. 

2008

 Apr. 

2008p

 May 

2008p

 May 

2007

 Jan. 

2008

 Feb. 

2008

 Mar. 

2008

 Apr. 

2008p

 May 

2008p

Change

from:

Apr. 2008-

May 2008p

Total nonfarm ............................. 138,289 137,033 137,745 138,393 137,518 138,002 137,919 137,831 137,803 137,754 -49

Total private ........................................ 115,712 114,241 114,947 115,587 115,332 115,666 115,557 115,454 115,414 115,348 -66

Goods-producing ............................................ 22,348 21,312 21,412 21,611 22,272 21,907 21,816 21,737 21,637 21,580 -57

Natural resources and mining .................................. 720 738 743 755 719 744 744 750 751 754 3

Logging ........................................................... 58.6 57.1 56.6 57.5 60.7 60.7 60.2 60.1 61.0 60.2 -.8

Mining .................................................................... 661.0 680.4 686.0 697.4 658.4 683.2 684.0 689.7 689.5 693.7 4.2

Oil and gas extraction ........................................ 143.6 154.5 152.8 156.4 143.8 154.5 153.8 155.2 154.2 156.3 2.1

Mining, except oil and gas1................................. 227.2 218.6 222.6 229.9 224.0 227.0 225.7 226.2 225.5 226.9 1.4

Coal mining ...................................................... 76.5 79.0 78.9 79.9 76.8 78.6 78.7 79.2 79.1 80.1 1.0

Support activities for mining .............................. 290.2 307.3 310.6 311.1 290.6 301.7 304.5 308.3 309.8 310.5 .7

Construction ............................................................. 7,725 6,998 7,122 7,297 7,643 7,426 7,382 7,343 7,291 7,257 -34

Construction of buildings ................................... 1,776.5 1,608.8 1,614.7 1,642.0 1,773.6 1,690.2 1,673.0 1,668.2 1,655.0 1,642.8 -12.2

Residential building ......................................... 965.4 840.1 843.8 862.1 963.7 891.9 877.0 875.5 869.2 862.9 -6.3

Nonresidential building .................................... 811.1 768.7 770.9 779.9 809.9 798.3 796.0 792.7 785.8 779.9 -5.9

Heavy and civil engineering construction ........ 1,030.8 895.9 933.1 985.5 1,003.9 984.6 977.6 976.9 966.3 963.3 -3.0

Specialty trade contractors ............................... 4,917.3 4,493.6 4,574.4 4,669.6 4,865.7 4,750.8 4,731.8 4,697.5 4,669.4 4,651.3 -18.1

Residential specialty trade contractors ........... 2,343.4 2,036.7 2,068.8 2,116.3 2,313.5 2,176.2 2,164.2 2,137.5 2,117.1 2,098.3 -18.8

Nonresidential specialty trade contractors ..... 2,573.9 2,456.9 2,505.6 2,553.3 2,552.2 2,574.6 2,567.6 2,560.0 2,552.3 2,553.0 .7

Manufacturing ........................................................... 13,903 13,576 13,547 13,559 13,910 13,737 13,690 13,644 13,595 13,569 -26

Production workers ....................................... 9,988 9,794 9,757 9,770 9,992 9,922 9,879 9,847 9,797 9,774 -23

Durable goods ....................................................... 8,844 8,626 8,602 8,598 8,832 8,718 8,685 8,652 8,608 8,589 -19

Production workers ....................................... 6,280 6,135 6,108 6,094 6,267 6,214 6,182 6,152 6,108 6,083 -25

Wood products ................................................... 524.1 484.6 486.5 483.3 522.5 503.5 498.6 492.9 491.0 482.6 -8.4

Nonmetallic mineral products ............................ 509.6 477.2 482.9 485.3 505.5 494.4 492.2 487.7 486.0 481.3 -4.7

Primary metals .................................................... 458.5 451.7 452.4 451.5 458.3 452.3 451.4 451.3 450.8 449.9 -.9

Fabricated metal products ................................. 1,558.5 1,552.4 1,542.1 1,543.7 1,559.6 1,560.9 1,557.1 1,556.9 1,545.1 1,545.9 .8

Machinery ........................................................... 1,187.1 1,196.4 1,194.3 1,195.3 1,186.1 1,193.8 1,191.7 1,195.1 1,193.7 1,192.5 -1.2

1 Computer and electronic products .................... 1,273.4 1,251.7 1,252.4 1,246.4 1,275.0 1,256.3 1,251.9 1,254.1 1,254.8 1,247.3 -7.5

Computer and peripheral equipment ............. 188.2 185.7 186.5 184.9 187.8 184.9 185.9 186.0 187.0 185.2 -1.8

Communications equipment ........................... 127.0 129.2 130.5 130.2 127.2 129.5 128.7 129.4 130.6 129.8 -.8

Semiconductors and electronic components . 446.9 427.7 427.8 424.4 447.3 433.5 429.7 428.7 427.5 423.2 -4.3

Electronic instruments ..................................... 444.5 445.6 444.4 444.5 445.2 444.3 442.9 446.2 445.7 445.5 -.2

Electrical equipment and appliances ................ 427.7 419.1 420.7 420.2 427.7 421.6 420.8 419.9 421.1 420.9 -.2

1 Transportation equipment .................................. 1,721.8 1,652.7 1,636.0 1,642.9 1,716.1 1,678.1 1,672.0 1,651.1 1,630.4 1,637.6 7.2

Motor vehicles and parts2................................. 1,010.4 930.2 914.9 918.9 1,002.1 956.6 950.4 927.3 909.1 913.5 4.4

Furniture and related products .......................... 541.3 509.8 505.3 502.7 538.7 520.4 516.0 511.2 505.4 502.5 -2.9

Miscellaneous manufacturing ............................ 641.5 630.8 629.2 626.7 642.4 636.4 633.3 632.0 630.1 628.3 -1.8

Nondurable goods ................................................. 5,059 4,950 4,945 4,961 5,078 5,019 5,005 4,992 4,987 4,980 -7

Production workers ....................................... 3,708 3,659 3,649 3,676 3,725 3,708 3,697 3,695 3,689 3,691 2

Food manufacturing ........................................... 1,459.8 1,450.0 1,442.6 1,451.8 1,480.5 1,483.2 1,482.7 1,477.0 1,474.7 1,473.0 -1.7

Beverages and tobacco products ...................... 194.6 184.9 189.3 191.6 196.2 191.1 189.3 190.8 193.4 192.6 -.8

Textile mills ......................................................... 172.1 159.2 155.8 155.1 171.2 162.0 161.4 158.7 156.1 155.0 -1.1

Textile product mills ........................................... 158.8 153.7 153.6 152.7 158.3 154.0 153.0 153.3 152.5 152.1 -.4

Apparel ................................................................ 216.4 198.1 197.6 195.8 215.3 202.0 200.6 198.1 197.0 194.8 -2.2

Leather and allied products ............................... 34.2 33.7 34.0 34.4 33.9 34.5 33.5 33.5 33.8 33.8 .0

Paper and paper products ................................. 460.2 455.2 456.3 458.2 461.0 459.0 457.8 457.9 458.9 459.4 .5

Printing and related support activities ............... 624.1 612.8 611.8 610.8 624.7 620.1 614.6 614.2 613.5 611.2 -2.3

Petroleum and coal products ............................. 116.7 110.0 111.1 113.3 116.0 112.2 112.5 112.2 111.7 111.6 -.1

Chemicals ........................................................... 860.9 859.0 859.6 861.3 862.4 861.2 861.0 860.5 860.9 861.8 .9

Plastics and rubber products ............................. 760.7 733.1 733.5 736.4 758.5 739.7 738.7 735.6 734.8 734.7 -.1

See footnotes at the end of table.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-1. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and selected industry detail Continued

(In thousands)

Industry

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

 May 

2007

 Mar. 

2008

 Apr. 

2008p

 May 

2008p

 May 

2007

 Jan. 

2008

 Feb. 

2008

 Mar. 

2008

 Apr. 

2008p

 May 

2008p

Change

from:

Apr. 2008-

May 2008p

Service-providing .............................................. 115,941 115,721 116,333 116,782 115,246 116,095 116,103 116,094 116,166 116,174 8

Private service-providing ............................... 93,364 92,929 93,535 93,976 93,060 93,759 93,741 93,717 93,777 93,768 -9

Trade, transportation, and utilities ........................... 26,559 26,265 26,285 26,403 26,593 26,631 26,579 26,552 26,506 26,465 -41

Wholesale trade .................................................... 6,027.0 6,023.9 6,030.5 6,051.0 6,011.7 6,067.3 6,057.6 6,054.3 6,044.3 6,040.1 -4.2

Durable goods .................................................... 3,130.5 3,116.7 3,112.9 3,114.1 3,127.2 3,138.0 3,127.3 3,127.8 3,118.2 3,110.7 -7.5

Nondurable goods .............................................. 2,066.2 2,071.2 2,080.1 2,095.9 2,058.1 2,090.9 2,088.4 2,087.5 2,087.6 2,091.1 3.5

Electronic markets and agents and brokers ..... 830.3 836.0 837.5 841.0 826.4 838.4 841.9 839.0 838.5 838.3 -.2

Retail trade ............................................................ 15,441.3 15,186.1 15,176.2 15,248.0 15,500.3 15,472.2 15,428.8 15,401.4 15,362.7 15,335.6 -27.1

Motor vehicle and parts dealers1........................ 1,920.5 1,889.9 1,896.1 1,900.7 1,916.4 1,910.2 1,905.1 1,901.5 1,897.5 1,894.0 -3.5

Automobile dealers ......................................... 1,246.7 1,229.5 1,227.9 1,226.0 1,247.1 1,244.0 1,236.2 1,233.7 1,229.0 1,225.1 -3.9

Furniture and home furnishings stores ............. 576.9 562.9 563.6 563.6 580.5 579.9 575.9 570.6 569.6 570.1 .5

Electronics and appliance stores ....................... 537.1 531.2 530.7 530.0 546.5 534.3 533.6 535.0 537.7 540.1 2.4

Building material and garden supply stores ...... 1,381.1 1,229.0 1,266.7 1,303.3 1,317.8 1,266.0 1,258.5 1,250.8 1,239.1 1,236.6 -2.5

Food and beverage stores ................................. 2,835.6 2,864.8 2,862.0 2,880.3 2,839.4 2,880.1 2,885.7 2,890.1 2,886.3 2,885.1 -1.2

Health and personal care stores ....................... 985.5 988.7 984.9 986.2 987.5 1,000.6 993.5 993.9 993.1 992.0 -1.1

Gasoline stations ................................................ 865.6 843.5 845.3 843.4 863.2 853.8 854.2 852.6 850.2 843.8 -6.4

Clothing and clothing accessories stores ......... 1,449.5 1,446.9 1,447.7 1,452.1 1,493.6 1,498.2 1,496.3 1,498.9 1,498.5 1,499.8 1.3

Sporting goods, hobby, book, and music

stores ................................................................ 640.4 642.6 630.9 636.9 656.4 667.2 661.9 658.6 653.3 656.6 3.3

1 General merchandise stores ............................. 2,958.0 2,907.5 2,869.4 2,866.6 2,994.3 2,971.1 2,955.7 2,943.9 2,931.3 2,914.6 -16.7

Department stores .......................................... 1,544.9 1,497.6 1,476.5 1,465.8 1,585.8 1,564.3 1,543.3 1,534.3 1,527.2 1,512.3 -14.9

Miscellaneous store retailers ............................. 869.7 845.0 849.4 857.7 868.0 869.4 865.3 862.8 863.0 859.7 -3.3

Nonstore retailers ............................................... 421.4 434.1 429.5 427.2 436.7 441.4 443.1 442.7 443.1 443.2 .1

Transportation and warehousing .......................... 4,536.5 4,499.9 4,520.5 4,542.0 4,527.6 4,534.5 4,535.5 4,537.7 4,540.4 4,529.9 -10.5

Air transportation ................................................ 485.0 505.2 502.5 503.5 484.2 504.7 508.2 507.5 504.4 503.0 -1.4

Rail transportation .............................................. 235.9 232.3 233.9 234.9 235.1 233.8 233.7 233.7 233.8 233.6 -.2

Water transportation ........................................... 63.9 58.8 60.9 63.4 63.4 63.8 62.5 61.6 62.2 62.4 .2

Truck transportation ........................................... 1,446.8 1,395.9 1,402.3 1,411.0 1,450.2 1,422.5 1,417.4 1,420.4 1,416.7 1,412.7 -4.0

Transit and ground passenger transportation ... 427.5 426.9 432.5 431.9 407.3 411.9 413.5 412.9 418.0 412.5 -5.5

Pipeline transportation ....................................... 39.9 41.0 40.9 42.2 39.9 40.6 40.9 41.2 41.3 42.3 1.0

Scenic and sightseeing transportation .............. 29.5 25.6 27.8 32.7 28.8 31.0 31.5 31.7 31.5 31.4 -.1

Support activities for transportation ................... 579.6 583.9 589.7 587.8 580.8 584.9 585.9 586.3 588.6 586.8 -1.8

Couriers and messengers .................................. 575.5 578.5 578.3 581.4 578.3 585.5 586.0 585.3 585.3 587.1 1.8

Warehousing and storage .................................. 652.9 651.8 651.7 653.2 659.6 655.8 655.9 657.1 658.6 658.1 -.5

Utilities ................................................................... 554.2 555.4 557.4 561.5 553.5 557.1 557.0 558.2 558.6 559.2 .6

Information ................................................................ 3,044 3,008 3,003 3,008 3,037 3,014 3,016 3,013 3,007 3,004 -3

Publishing industries, except Internet ............... 898.8 882.1 881.4 876.6 901.4 889.2 886.8 882.9 883.6 880.3 -3.3

Motion picture and sound recording industries . 392.2 378.9 379.2 387.4 385.2 372.9 380.1 383.0 381.9 381.8 -.1

Broadcasting, except Internet ............................ 325.6 321.5 320.2 321.3 326.6 323.0 322.1 322.5 320.9 321.7 .8

Telecommunications .......................................... 1,028.5 1,019.9 1,017.5 1,018.6 1,027.8 1,025.3 1,022.0 1,020.1 1,018.2 1,018.4 .2

Data processing, hosting and related services . 273.5 273.4 273.8 274.1 271.1 273.0 274.2 272.3 272.0 271.9 -.1

Other information services ................................. 125.5 131.8 130.7 130.1 124.6 130.5 131.2 131.9 130.3 129.5 -.8

Financial activities .................................................... 8,318 8,194 8,207 8,229 8,322 8,244 8,231 8,231 8,232 8,231 -1

Finance and insurance .......................................... 6,150.3 6,103.4 6,099.3 6,096.0 6,155.4 6,106.2 6,102.2 6,103.4 6,106.2 6,102.5 -3.7

Monetary authorities - central bank ................... 21.7 20.9 21.1 21.1 21.7 20.7 20.9 20.9 21.1 21.0 -.1

1 Credit intermediation and related activities ....... 2,897.0 2,814.3 2,806.9 2,803.5 2,896.9 2,825.0 2,820.4 2,811.8 2,808.2 2,802.7 -5.5

1 Depository credit intermediation ..................... 1,817.0 1,820.3 1,819.5 1,819.3 1,818.8 1,821.5 1,823.3 1,821.6 1,823.1 1,822.0 -1.1

Commercial banking .................................... 1,341.9 1,343.3 1,342.2 1,342.5 1,343.9 1,342.2 1,344.9 1,343.4 1,343.8 1,343.9 .1

Securities, commodity contracts, investments .. 842.9 866.4 867.0 864.7 846.2 859.2 862.5 865.8 867.8 868.5 .7

Insurance carriers and related activities ........... 2,301.5 2,314.9 2,316.7 2,319.8 2,303.2 2,313.9 2,311.1 2,318.4 2,321.2 2,323.0 1.8

Funds, trusts, and other financial vehicles ........ 87.2 86.9 87.6 86.9 87.4 87.4 87.3 86.5 87.9 87.3 -.6

Real estate and rental and leasing ....................... 2,167.3 2,090.9 2,107.3 2,133.2 2,166.2 2,138.0 2,128.6 2,127.8 2,125.5 2,128.8 3.3

Real estate .......................................................... 1,495.6 1,441.4 1,456.8 1,468.5 1,497.2 1,471.4 1,466.0 1,465.0 1,466.8 1,468.3 1.5

Rental and leasing services ............................... 642.9 618.2 618.9 633.8 640.0 635.2 631.0 631.1 627.0 629.5 2.5

Lessors of nonfinancial intangible assets ......... 28.8 31.3 31.6 30.9 29.0 31.4 31.6 31.7 31.7 31.0 -.7

See footnotes at the end of table.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-1. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and selected industry detail Continued

(In thousands)

Industry

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

 May 

2007

 Mar. 

2008

 Apr. 

2008p

 May 

2008p

 May 

2007

 Jan. 

2008

 Feb. 

2008

 Mar. 

2008

 Apr. 

2008p

 May 

2008p

Change

from:

Apr. 2008-

May 2008p

Professional and business services ........................ 17,937 17,796 18,002 17,978 17,938 18,101 18,073 18,014 18,046 18,007 -39

1 Professional and technical services ..................... 7,557.2 7,891.0 7,916.6 7,769.2 7,627.8 7,819.2 7,829.2 7,823.5 7,845.2 7,835.5 -9.7

Legal services .................................................. 1,176.1 1,166.2 1,167.0 1,168.6 1,180.7 1,173.0 1,174.9 1,172.6 1,172.4 1,171.0 -1.4

Accounting and bookkeeping services ........... 875.3 1,100.4 1,091.5 920.0 932.5 992.3 991.9 983.3 986.3 976.1 -10.2

Architectural and engineering services .......... 1,429.1 1,442.6 1,451.7 1,462.2 1,429.8 1,460.5 1,463.0 1,461.8 1,463.8 1,462.3 -1.5

Computer systems design and related

services .......................................................... 1,351.4 1,387.2 1,398.4 1,399.1 1,353.5 1,391.6 1,393.5 1,391.3 1,401.9 1,402.1 .2

Management and technical consulting

services .......................................................... 941.8 988.8 998.3 1,008.0 943.8 989.2 992.7 997.0 1,002.1 1,007.4 5.3

Management of companies and enterprises ....... 1,846.6 1,830.1 1,829.7 1,834.2 1,842.3 1,845.5 1,844.7 1,839.7 1,838.0 1,836.1 -1.9

Administrative and waste services ....................... 8,532.8 8,075.2 8,255.3 8,374.7 8,468.1 8,436.2 8,398.6 8,351.2 8,362.3 8,335.0 -27.3

1 Administrative and support services ................. 8,176.9 7,717.4 7,892.9 8,010.0 8,113.0 8,070.8 8,036.1 7,987.3 7,997.4 7,970.0 -27.4

1 Employment services ...................................... 3,615.6 3,351.9 3,381.1 3,405.7 3,629.7 3,562.1 3,531.6 3,483.7 3,476.0 3,450.3 -25.7

Temporary help services ............................. 2,606.2 2,397.0 2,419.5 2,432.8 2,614.6 2,574.6 2,536.8 2,506.0 2,494.2 2,464.6 -29.6

Business support services .............................. 805.7 798.5 794.6 792.2 806.2 797.4 796.6 794.1 793.8 791.2 -2.6

Services to buildings and dwellings ............... 1,922.3 1,726.5 1,861.5 1,954.6 1,846.8 1,861.3 1,859.7 1,857.3 1,866.9 1,871.3 4.4

Waste management and remediation services 355.9 357.8 362.4 364.7 355.1 365.4 362.5 363.9 364.9 365.0 .1

Education and health services ................................ 18,331 18,850 18,931 18,897 18,247 18,617 18,665 18,709 18,770 18,824 54

Educational services ............................................. 2,986.3 3,178.0 3,191.9 3,097.8 2,928.2 3,003.4 3,009.6 3,018.6 3,030.2 3,041.9 11.7

Health care and social assistance ........................15,344.2 15,671.9 15,739.5 15,799.0 15,319.2 15,613.6 15,655.0 15,690.5 15,739.8 15,782.2 42.4

3 Health care ......................................................... 12,883.4 13,168.3 13,219.8 13,267.0 12,897.3 13,135.6 13,172.7 13,202.3 13,246.1 13,280.0 33.9

1 Ambulatory health care services .................... 5,451.2 5,599.6 5,633.1 5,651.3 5,451.8 5,581.7 5,600.0 5,612.5 5,637.4 5,650.2 12.8

Offices of physicians .................................... 2,194.0 2,245.9 2,255.5 2,261.8 2,196.0 2,240.8 2,248.2 2,251.7 2,259.9 2,264.9 5.0

Outpatient care centers ................................ 505.2 512.3 516.2 516.5 505.0 511.5 512.0 511.9 515.3 516.4 1.1

Home health care services .......................... 904.4 939.9 948.0 953.1 904.9 934.7 939.5 943.3 950.1 953.9 3.8

Hospitals .......................................................... 4,488.6 4,594.9 4,602.2 4,619.7 4,499.6 4,579.3 4,592.8 4,606.4 4,617.7 4,631.7 14.0

1 Nursing and residential care facilities ............ 2,943.6 2,973.8 2,984.5 2,996.0 2,945.9 2,974.6 2,979.9 2,983.4 2,991.0 2,998.1 7.1

Nursing care facilities ................................... 1,595.2 1,605.0 1,607.7 1,613.6 1,597.7 1,608.8 1,613.3 1,609.6 1,612.4 1,615.1 2.7

1 Social assistance ................................................ 2,460.8 2,503.6 2,519.7 2,532.0 2,421.9 2,478.0 2,482.3 2,488.2 2,493.7 2,502.2 8.5

Child day care services ................................... 871.5 875.2 878.0 884.6 847.8 859.2 858.6 861.8 861.8 865.5 3.7

Leisure and hospitality ............................................. 13,655 13,307 13,575 13,903 13,428 13,644 13,660 13,676 13,688 13,700 12

Arts, entertainment, and recreation ...................... 2,053.4 1,864.1 1,965.2 2,097.2 1,970.8 2,016.1 2,019.1 2,025.7 2,019.2 2,020.7 1.5

Performing arts and spectator sports ................ 429.0 408.8 441.3 459.1 409.2 429.5 431.0 433.9 435.8 438.0 2.2

Museums, historical sites, zoos, and parks ...... 134.0 123.7 129.8 138.5 129.6 132.6 131.7 133.4 133.5 134.9 1.4

Amusements, gambling, and recreation ........... 1,490.4 1,331.6 1,394.1 1,499.6 1,432.0 1,454.0 1,456.4 1,458.4 1,449.9 1,447.8 -2.1

Accommodation and food services ...................... 11,601.4 11,443.2 11,609.3 11,806.2 11,457.6 11,628.0 11,640.7 11,650.7 11,668.8 11,679.4 10.6

Accommodation .................................................. 1,852.9 1,791.3 1,805.0 1,855.0 1,856.3 1,854.9 1,854.4 1,849.4 1,851.7 1,850.9 -.8

Food services and drinking places .................... 9,748.5 9,651.9 9,804.3 9,951.2 9,601.3 9,773.1 9,786.3 9,801.3 9,817.1 9,828.5 11.4

Other services .......................................................... 5,520 5,509 5,532 5,558 5,495 5,508 5,517 5,522 5,528 5,537 9

Repair and maintenance .................................... 1,269.3 1,254.4 1,262.4 1,264.7 1,261.0 1,252.9 1,255.2 1,254.8 1,256.9 1,258.9 2.0

Personal and laundry services .......................... 1,327.4 1,303.1 1,316.1 1,324.7 1,307.8 1,306.6 1,306.4 1,308.5 1,308.5 1,308.1 -.4

Membership associations and organizations .... 2,923.7 2,951.0 2,953.5 2,969.0 2,925.9 2,948.9 2,955.6 2,959.0 2,963.0 2,969.5 6.5

Government .............................................................. 22,577 22,792 22,798 22,806 22,186 22,336 22,362 22,377 22,389 22,406 17

Federal ................................................................... 2,726 2,710 2,725 2,728 2,727 2,717 2,725 2,726 2,730 2,728 -2

Federal, except U.S. Postal Service ................. 1,963.7 1,976.4 1,989.3 1,997.2 1,962.3 1,977.3 1,982.9 1,986.6 1,992.4 1,994.2 1.8

U.S. Postal Service ............................................ 762.5 733.7 735.3 730.6 764.6 739.7 741.6 739.1 738.0 733.3 -4.7

State government .................................................. 5,164 5,303 5,311 5,207 5,119 5,159 5,158 5,157 5,162 5,159 -3

State government education .............................. 2,355.4 2,485.7 2,488.5 2,377.9 2,314.7 2,335.1 2,332.9 2,332.9 2,336.7 2,334.6 -2.1

State government, excluding education ............ 2,808.2 2,817.4 2,822.2 2,829.1 2,804.2 2,824.0 2,824.9 2,823.8 2,825.5 2,823.9 -1.6

Local government .................................................. 14,687 14,779 14,762 14,871 14,340 14,460 14,479 14,494 14,497 14,519 22

Local government education ............................. 8,330.5 8,408.1 8,367.2 8,400.0 7,976.6 8,018.0 8,031.9 8,035.7 8,031.1 8,045.2 14.1

Local government, excluding education ........... 6,356.4 6,370.8 6,394.8 6,471.3 6,363.7 6,441.5 6,447.5 6,457.8 6,465.4 6,474.0 8.6

1

Includes other industries, not shown separately.

2 Includes motor vehicles, motor vehicle bodies and trailers, and motor

vehicle parts.

3 Includes ambulatory health care services, hospitals, and nursing

and residential care facilities.

 

 p = preliminary.

 NOTE: Data reflect the conversion to the 2007 version of the North American

Industry Classification System (NAICS) as the basis for the assignment and 

tabulation of economic data by industry, replacing NAICS 2002. See http://www.

bls.gov/ces/cesnaics07.htm for more details.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-2. Average weekly hours of production and nonsupervisory workers1on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and

selected industry detail

Industry

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

 May 

2007

 Mar. 

2008

 Apr. 

2008p

 May 

2008p

 May 

2007

 Jan. 

2008

 Feb. 

2008

 Mar. 

2008

 Apr. 

2008p

 May 

2008p

Change

from:

Apr. 2008-

May 2008p

Total private ....................................... 33.7 33.8 33.6 33.6 33.8 33.7 33.7 33.8 33.7 33.7 0.0

Goods-producing .......................................... 40.6 40.3 40.2 40.2 40.5 40.4 40.4 40.5 40.4 40.3 -.1

Natural resources and mining .............................. 45.8 45.7 44.6 44.3 45.8 45.7 45.7 46.2 44.9 44.7 -.2

Construction ............................................................ 39.3 38.5 38.3 38.6 38.9 38.8 38.7 38.9 38.8 38.6 -.2

Manufacturing ......................................................... 41.1 41.1 40.9 40.9 41.1 41.1 41.1 41.2 41.0 41.0 .0

Overtime hours ............................................ 4.1 3.9 3.8 3.7 4.1 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0 3.8 -.2

Durable goods ..................................................... 41.4 41.4 41.3 41.2 41.3 41.4 41.4 41.5 41.3 41.3 .0

Overtime hours ............................................ 4.1 4.0 3.9 3.7 4.1 4.1 4.1 4.0 4.0 3.8 -.2

Wood products .................................................. 39.8 38.3 38.3 39.1 39.5 39.0 39.0 38.7 38.4 38.8 .4

Nonmetallic mineral products ......................... 42.4 42.6 42.1 42.2 42.2 42.2 42.1 43.1 42.2 42.1 -.1

Primary metals .................................................. 42.7 43.0 42.3 42.1 42.8 42.5 42.4 42.9 42.4 42.2 -.2

Fabricated metal products .............................. 41.4 41.7 41.6 41.5 41.4 41.6 41.7 41.7 41.7 41.6 -.1

Machinery .......................................................... 42.3 42.8 42.6 42.2 42.3 43.1 43.0 42.7 42.6 42.3 -.3

Computer and electronic products ................ 40.3 41.0 40.9 40.8 40.4 40.4 40.5 41.0 41.1 40.9 -.2

Electrical equipment and appliances ............ 40.8 41.2 40.8 40.9 41.0 41.4 41.1 41.3 40.9 41.2 .3

Transportation equipment ............................... 43.1 42.4 42.5 42.1 42.9 42.6 42.9 42.3 42.3 42.1 -.2

Motor vehicles and parts 2.............................. 43.0 41.9 42.1 41.8 42.5 42.1 42.5 41.8 41.9 41.7 -.2

Furniture and related products ....................... 38.6 38.5 38.3 38.6 39.0 38.3 38.2 38.7 38.7 38.9 .2

Miscellaneous manufacturing ......................... 38.6 39.4 39.3 39.5 38.6 39.0 38.8 39.3 39.4 39.5 .1

Nondurable goods ............................................... 40.6 40.5 40.4 40.4 40.8 40.6 40.6 40.7 40.5 40.5 .0

Overtime hours ............................................ 4.0 3.8 3.7 3.7 4.1 3.9 3.9 3.9 3.9 3.8 -.1

Food manufacturing ......................................... 40.4 40.2 40.3 40.5 40.6 40.5 40.6 40.7 40.8 40.7 -.1

Beverages and tobacco products .................. 41.0 40.1 39.9 40.3 40.6 40.5 40.1 40.4 39.6 40.1 .5

Textile mills ........................................................ 40.3 38.8 38.2 38.8 40.3 38.7 38.8 38.8 38.3 38.8 .5

Textile product mills ......................................... 39.4 39.4 38.2 38.3 39.7 38.6 39.3 39.3 38.3 38.5 .2

Apparel ............................................................... 37.4 36.9 36.8 37.0 37.3 36.7 36.8 36.7 36.7 36.7 .0

Leather and allied products ............................ 39.2 39.0 38.9 39.1 38.9 38.2 38.2 38.7 38.7 38.9 .2

Paper and paper products .............................. 42.8 43.3 43.2 42.6 42.8 44.0 43.9 43.6 43.3 43.0 -.3

Printing and related support activities ........... 38.8 38.7 38.5 38.2 39.1 38.4 38.2 38.6 38.5 38.6 .1

Petroleum and coal products .......................... 44.5 42.8 42.9 43.5 44.4 43.8 43.6 43.5 43.2 43.6 .4

Chemicals .......................................................... 41.9 41.9 41.5 41.2 42.0 41.6 41.4 41.9 41.4 41.3 -.1

Plastics and rubber products .......................... 41.0 41.1 40.9 41.0 41.1 41.1 41.2 41.1 40.9 40.9 .0

Private service-providing ............................. 32.3 32.5 32.2 32.2 32.5 32.4 32.3 32.4 32.4 32.4 .0

Trade, transportation, and utilities ....................... 33.2 33.3 33.1 33.2 33.3 33.4 33.3 33.4 33.4 33.3 -.1

Wholesale trade ................................................... 38.3 38.6 38.2 38.3 38.4 38.4 38.2 38.4 38.3 38.4 .1

Retail trade ........................................................... 30.0 30.0 29.9 30.0 30.1 30.2 30.1 30.2 30.2 30.1 -.1

Transportation and warehousing ...................... 36.7 36.7 36.3 36.4 36.9 36.6 36.7 36.7 36.7 36.6 -.1

Utilities ................................................................... 42.5 43.0 42.7 42.5 42.4 43.1 42.8 43.3 42.6 42.6 .0

Information ............................................................... 36.0 36.7 36.2 36.3 36.4 36.3 36.2 36.6 36.5 36.6 .1

Financial activities .................................................. 35.5 36.2 35.7 35.6 35.9 35.8 35.8 35.8 35.9 36.0 .1

Professional and business services .................... 34.7 35.1 34.8 34.8 34.8 34.7 34.6 34.8 34.8 34.8 .0

Education and health services ............................. 32.4 32.7 32.5 32.5 32.6 32.6 32.6 32.7 32.7 32.7 .0

Leisure and hospitality ........................................... 25.5 25.3 25.1 25.2 25.6 25.3 25.3 25.3 25.3 25.3 .0

Other services ......................................................... 31.0 30.9 30.7 30.7 31.1 30.8 30.8 30.9 30.8 30.8 .0

1 Data relate to production workers in natural resources and mining

and manufacturing, construction workers in construction, and

nonsupervisory workers in the service-providing industries.

These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the

total employment on private nonfarm payrolls.

2

Includes motor vehicles, motor vehicle bodies and trailers, motor

vehicle parts.

p = preliminary.

NOTE: Data reflect the conversion to the 2007 version of the

North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) as the

basis for the assignment and tabulation of economic data by

industry, replacing NAICS 2002. See

http://www.bls.gov/ces/cesnaics07.htm for more details.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-3. Average hourly and weekly earnings of production and nonsupervisory workers1on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and 

selected industry detail

Industry

Average hourly earnings Average weekly earnings

 May 

2007

 Mar. 

2008

 Apr. 

2008p

 May 

2008p

 May 

2007

 Mar. 

2008

 Apr. 

2008p

 May 

2008p

Total private ....................................... $17.30 $17.92 $17.91 $17.89 $583.01 $605.70 $601.78 $601.10

Seasonally adjusted ..................... 17.34 17.87 17.89 17.94 586.09 604.01 602.89 604.58

Goods-producing .......................................... 18.62 19.03 19.06 19.10 755.97 766.91 766.21 767.82

Natural resources and mining .............................. 20.86 22.26 21.74 21.36 955.39 1,017.28 969.60 946.25

Construction ............................................................ 20.85 21.43 21.47 21.57 819.41 825.06 822.30 832.60

Manufacturing ......................................................... 17.21 17.60 17.63 17.62 707.33 723.36 721.07 720.66

Durable goods ..................................................... 18.14 18.53 18.56 18.58 751.00 767.14 766.53 765.50

Wood products .................................................. 13.60 13.89 13.95 14.00 541.28 531.99 534.29 547.40

Nonmetallic mineral products ......................... 16.98 16.80 17.15 16.88 719.95 715.68 722.02 712.34

Primary metals .................................................. 19.63 20.21 20.17 20.23 838.20 869.03 853.19 851.68

Fabricated metal products .............................. 16.49 16.85 16.79 16.79 682.69 702.65 698.46 696.79

Machinery .......................................................... 17.63 17.85 17.90 18.10 745.75 763.98 762.54 763.82

Computer and electronic products ................ 19.88 20.80 20.85 21.01 801.16 852.80 852.77 857.21

Electrical equipment and appliances ............ 16.09 15.66 15.73 15.70 656.47 645.19 641.78 642.13

Transportation equipment ............................... 22.89 23.46 23.56 23.53 986.56 994.70 1,001.30 990.61

Furniture and related products ....................... 14.35 14.42 14.42 14.46 553.91 555.17 552.29 558.16

Miscellaneous manufacturing ......................... 14.42 15.08 14.95 15.04 556.61 594.15 587.54 594.08

Nondurable goods ............................................... 15.62 16.01 16.05 16.00 634.17 648.41 648.42 646.40

Food manufacturing ......................................... 13.52 13.83 13.88 13.85 546.21 555.97 559.36 560.93

Beverages and tobacco products .................. 18.58 19.59 19.25 19.22 761.78 785.56 768.08 774.57

Textile mills ........................................................ 12.89 13.45 13.49 13.44 519.47 521.86 515.32 521.47

Textile product mills ......................................... 11.70 11.78 11.77 11.82 460.98 464.13 449.61 452.71

Apparel ............................................................... 11.01 11.35 11.50 11.29 411.77 418.82 423.20 417.73

Leather and allied products ............................ 11.87 12.81 12.63 12.58 465.30 499.59 491.31 491.88

Paper and paper products .............................. 18.46 18.66 18.58 18.64 790.09 807.98 802.66 794.06

Printing and related support activities ........... 15.92 16.65 16.69 16.67 617.70 644.36 642.57 636.79

Petroleum and coal products .......................... 24.87 27.22 27.14 27.12 1,106.72 1,165.02 1,164.31 1,179.72

Chemicals .......................................................... 19.53 19.35 19.40 19.27 818.31 810.77 805.10 793.92

Plastics and rubber products .......................... 15.31 15.69 15.79 15.71 627.71 644.86 645.81 644.11

Private service-providing ............................. 16.95 17.65 17.62 17.58 547.49 573.63 567.36 566.08

Trade, transportation, and utilities ....................... 15.67 16.16 16.15 16.12 520.24 538.13 534.57 535.18

Wholesale trade ................................................... 19.29 20.08 19.99 19.85 738.81 775.09 763.62 760.26

Retail trade ........................................................... 12.73 12.90 12.91 12.89 381.90 387.00 386.01 386.70

Transportation and warehousing ...................... 17.51 18.19 18.27 18.33 642.62 667.57 663.20 667.21

Utilities ................................................................... 27.70 28.88 28.70 28.76 1,177.25 1,241.84 1,225.49 1,222.30

Information ............................................................... 23.81 24.58 24.51 24.58 857.16 902.09 887.26 892.25

Financial activities .................................................. 19.53 20.18 20.21 20.20 693.32 730.52 721.50 719.12

Professional and business services .................... 19.95 20.93 20.84 20.87 692.27 734.64 725.23 726.28

Education and health services ............................. 17.95 18.62 18.64 18.61 581.58 608.87 605.80 604.83

Leisure and hospitality ........................................... 10.33 10.76 10.79 10.79 263.42 272.23 270.83 271.91

Other services ......................................................... 15.38 15.84 15.82 15.83 476.78 489.46 485.67 485.98

1 See footnote 1, table B-2.

p = preliminary.

NOTE: Data reflect the conversion to the 2007 version of the

North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) as the

basis for the assignment and tabulation of economic data by

industry, replacing NAICS 2002. See

http://www.bls.gov/ces/cesnaics07.htm for more details.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-4. Average hourly earnings of production and nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector 

and selected industry detail, seasonally adjusted

Industry

Total private:

 May 

2007

 Jan. 

2008

 Feb. 

2008

 Mar. 

2008

 Apr. 

2008p

 May 

2008p

Percent

change from:

Apr. 2008-

May 2008 p

Current dollars ................................................ $17.34 $17.75 $17.81 $17.87 $17.89 $17.94 0.3

Constant (1982) dollars 2................................. 8.31 8.26 8.29 8.28 8.27 N.A.

Goods-producing .......................................................... 18.63 18.98 19.04 19.12 19.11 19.14 .2

Natural resources and mining .............................................. 20.86 21.75 21.69 22.01 21.57 21.51 -.3

Construction ............................................................................ 20.91 21.38 21.47 21.56 21.60 21.68 .4

Manufacturing ......................................................................... 17.23 17.49 17.55 17.61 17.61 17.63 .1

.....................................................

4 Excluding overtime 16.41 16.68 16.74 16.79 16.79 16.85 .4

Durable goods ..................................................................... 18.16 18.41 18.49 18.54 18.57 18.60 .2

Nondurable goods ............................................................... 15.64 15.92 15.94 16.03 16.00 16.01 .1

Private service-providing ............................................. 17.01 17.44 17.50 17.55 17.59 17.64 .3

Trade, transportation, and utilities ....................................... 15.70 16.02 16.07 16.11 16.11 16.15 .2

Wholesale trade ................................................................... 19.39 19.97 20.00 20.03 20.03 19.99 -.2

Retail trade ........................................................................... 12.73 12.80 12.84 12.86 12.86 12.89 .2

Transportation and warehousing ...................................... 17.62 18.10 18.21 18.25 18.30 18.39 .5

Utilities ................................................................................... 27.69 28.61 28.58 28.77 28.55 28.78 .8

Information ............................................................................... 23.87 24.33 24.41 24.53 24.49 24.63 .6

Financial activities .................................................................. 19.59 20.00 20.05 20.11 20.17 20.24 .3

Professional and business services .................................... 20.02 20.53 20.63 20.74 20.84 20.93 .4

Education and health services ............................................. 17.99 18.54 18.59 18.61 18.65 18.70 .3

Leisure and hospitality ........................................................... 10.32 10.67 10.73 10.74 10.78 10.80 .2

Other services ......................................................................... 15.33 15.74 15.76 15.77 15.78 15.80 .1

3( )

1 See footnote 1, table B-2.

2 The Consumer Price Index for Urban Wage Earners and Clerical

Workers (CPI-W) is used to deflate this series.

3 Change was -0.1 percent from Mar. 2008 to Apr. 2008, the latest

month available.

4 Derived by assuming that overtime hours are paid at the rate

of time and one-half.

N.A. = not available.

p = preliminary.

NOTE: Data reflect the conversion to the 2007 version of the

North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) as the

basis for the assignment and tabulation of economic data by

industry, replacing NAICS 2002. See

http://www.bls.gov/ces/cesnaics07.htm for more details.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-5. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours of production and nonsupervisory workers1on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and

selected industry detail

(2002=100)

Industry

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

 May 

2007

 Mar. 

2008

 Apr. 

2008p

 May 

2008p

 May 

2007

 Jan. 

2008

 Feb. 

2008

 Mar. 

2008

 Apr. 

2008p

 May 

2008p

Percent

change from:

Apr. 2008-

May 2008p

Total private ....................................... 107.1 106.3 106.4 107.1 107.1 107.4 107.3 107.6 107.2 107.1 -0.1

Goods-producing .......................................... 102.3 96.7 96.9 98.0 101.6 100.1 99.6 99.5 98.6 98.0 -.6

Natural resources and mining .............................. 132.6 134.3 131.5 132.8 132.6 136.0 135.8 138.5 134.1 134.0 -.1

Construction ............................................................ 117.1 103.2 104.7 108.7 114.6 111.4 110.3 110.4 109.0 107.7 -1.2

Manufacturing ......................................................... 94.2 92.4 91.6 91.7 94.3 93.6 93.2 93.1 92.2 92.0 -.2

Durable goods ..................................................... 97.7 95.4 94.8 94.3 97.2 96.6 96.1 95.9 94.8 94.4 -.4

Wood products .................................................. 92.2 80.9 81.2 82.3 91.2 85.7 84.9 83.3 82.3 81.3 -1.2

Nonmetallic mineral products ......................... 98.6 94.1 94.5 95.6 97.3 96.8 95.7 97.7 95.3 94.3 -1.0

Primary metals .................................................. 91.6 91.8 90.6 89.6 91.7 90.3 89.9 91.3 90.3 89.5 -.9

Fabricated metal products .............................. 103.6 104.3 103.2 103.1 103.8 104.9 104.6 104.5 103.6 103.6 .0

Machinery .......................................................... 102.4 104.8 104.3 103.1 102.2 105.8 105.4 104.5 104.2 103.1 -1.1

Computer and electronic products ................ 101.4 103.0 102.4 100.5 101.8 101.5 101.8 102.9 102.8 100.6 -2.1

Electrical equipment and appliances ............ 88.2 87.9 87.3 87.8 88.5 88.5 87.8 88.4 87.8 88.8 1.1

Transportation equipment ............................... 99.2 93.5 92.5 91.8 98.2 95.8 95.9 93.2 91.5 91.4 -.1

Motor vehicles and parts 2.............................. 88.6 79.0 77.8 77.3 86.8 81.9 82.0 78.6 76.6 76.6 .0

Furniture and related products ....................... 86.8 80.5 79.1 78.9 86.9 82.0 80.9 81.1 80.0 79.6 -.5

Miscellaneous manufacturing ......................... 90.9 90.7 90.3 90.5 91.0 91.2 89.5 90.8 90.6 90.6 .0

Nondurable goods ............................................... 88.7 87.3 86.9 87.5 89.5 88.7 88.4 88.6 88.0 88.1 .1

Food manufacturing ......................................... 98.5 97.9 97.5 98.7 100.7 101.0 101.1 101.3 101.3 101.0 -.3

Beverages and tobacco products .................. 102.4 85.6 86.3 92.1 103.1 89.4 87.1 90.4 88.6 91.5 3.3

Textile mills ........................................................ 57.4 51.4 49.0 49.9 57.0 51.7 51.6 51.0 49.3 49.6 .6

Textile product mills ......................................... 77.7 74.8 73.1 73.1 77.9 72.7 73.5 74.3 72.5 72.8 .4

Apparel ............................................................... 62.4 56.7 56.4 56.3 61.8 58.2 57.8 56.4 56.2 55.4 -1.4

Leather and allied products ............................ 71.5 71.4 72.2 74.9 70.4 71.9 70.4 70.5 71.9 72.7 1.1

Paper and paper products .............................. 85.0 85.9 86.1 85.2 85.3 87.9 87.4 87.0 86.9 86.4 -.6

Printing and related support activities ........... 90.7 90.2 89.2 88.8 91.5 90.2 89.1 90.1 89.6 89.6 .0

Petroleum and coal products .......................... 96.5 92.8 93.2 95.3 95.6 96.8 98.2 96.6 94.9 94.6 -.3

Chemicals .......................................................... 93.4 96.9 96.3 96.7 93.6 96.0 95.5 97.1 96.2 96.8 .6

Plastics and rubber products .......................... 90.9 88.3 87.7 88.5 90.8 89.0 89.1 88.5 87.8 88.0 .2

Private service-providing ............................. 108.6 109.0 108.7 109.4 108.9 109.7 109.3 109.7 109.8 109.7 -.1

Trade, transportation, and utilities ....................... 103.9 103.4 102.9 103.8 104.4 105.3 104.8 105.0 104.8 104.4 -.4

Wholesale trade ................................................... 109.4 111.1 110.1 110.9 109.3 111.3 110.6 111.3 110.8 111.0 .2

Retail trade ........................................................... 100.5 98.8 98.4 99.4 101.3 101.6 100.9 101.1 100.8 100.3 -.5

Transportation and warehousing ...................... 108.4 108.5 107.9 108.8 108.9 108.9 109.5 109.5 109.6 109.1 -.5

Utilities ................................................................... 96.4 98.0 97.7 97.9 96.1 98.7 97.7 99.2 97.7 97.8 .1

Information ............................................................... 99.2 100.8 99.1 99.5 100.0 99.9 99.6 100.5 100.0 100.2 .2

Financial activities .................................................. 107.5 108.9 107.5 107.6 108.8 108.2 108.2 108.3 108.5 108.8 .3

Professional and business services .................... 114.9 115.2 115.7 115.4 115.3 116.1 115.5 115.7 116.1 115.6 -.4

Education and health services ............................. 111.9 116.3 116.1 116.0 112.1 114.5 114.8 115.4 115.8 116.2 .3

Leisure and hospitality ........................................... 112.8 108.8 110.3 113.6 111.3 111.6 111.8 111.9 112.1 112.1 .0

Other services ......................................................... 100.0 99.6 99.4 99.9 99.8 99.3 99.5 99.9 99.6 99.7 .1

1 See footnote 1, table B-2.

2

Includes motor vehicles, motor vehicle bodies and trailers, and

motor vehicle parts.

p = preliminary.

NOTE: The indexes of aggregate weekly hours are calculated by

dividing the current months estimates of aggregate hours by

the corresponding 2002 annual average levels. Aggregate hours

estimates are the product of estimates of average weekly hours

and production and nonsupervisory worker employment.

Data reflect the conversion to the 2007 version of the North

American Industry Classification System (NAICS) as the basis

for the assignment and tabulation of economic data by industry,

replacing NAICS 2002. See http://www.bls.gov/ces/cesnaics07.htm

for more details.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-6. Indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls of production and nonsupervisory workers1on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and

selected industry detail

(2002=100)

Industry

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

 May 

2007

 Mar. 

2008

 Apr. 

2008p

 May 

2008p

 May 

2007

 Jan. 

2008

 Feb. 

2008

 Mar. 

2008

 Apr. 

2008p

 May 

2008p

Percent

change from:

Apr. 2008-

May 2008p

Total private ....................................... 123.8 127.3 127.3 128.0 124.1 127.4 127.7 128.4 128.1 128.4 0.2

Goods-producing .......................................... 116.6 112.7 113.1 114.7 115.9 116.4 116.1 116.5 115.4 114.9 -.4

Natural resources and mining .............................. 160.9 173.9 166.3 164.9 160.9 172.0 171.2 177.2 168.2 167.6 -.4

Construction ............................................................ 131.8 119.5 121.4 126.6 129.4 128.6 127.9 128.5 127.1 126.1 -.8

Manufacturing ......................................................... 106.0 106.3 105.6 105.7 106.2 107.1 107.0 107.2 106.2 106.0 -.2

Durable goods ..................................................... 110.6 110.4 109.8 109.4 110.2 111.1 111.0 111.0 109.9 109.6 -.3

Nondurable goods ............................................... 97.9 98.8 98.5 98.9 99.0 99.8 99.6 100.4 99.5 99.6 .1

Private service-providing ............................. 126.2 131.9 131.4 131.8 127.1 131.2 131.2 132.0 132.4 132.7 .2

Trade, transportation, and utilities ....................... 116.2 119.2 118.5 119.4 117.0 120.3 120.1 120.7 120.5 120.2 -.2

Wholesale trade ................................................... 124.3 131.4 129.6 129.7 124.9 130.9 130.3 131.3 130.7 130.7 .0

Retail trade ........................................................... 109.7 109.3 108.9 109.8 110.6 111.4 111.0 111.4 111.1 110.8 -.3

Transportation and warehousing ...................... 120.5 125.2 125.1 126.5 121.7 125.1 126.4 126.8 127.2 127.3 .1

Utilities ................................................................... 111.5 118.1 117.0 117.5 111.1 117.8 116.5 119.1 116.5 117.5 .9

Information ............................................................... 116.9 122.7 120.3 121.1 118.2 120.3 120.3 122.1 121.3 122.1 .7

Financial activities .................................................. 129.8 135.9 134.4 134.4 131.8 133.8 134.1 134.6 135.4 136.1 .5

Professional and business services .................... 136.3 143.5 143.5 143.4 137.3 141.8 141.8 142.8 143.9 143.9 .0

Education and health services ............................. 132.0 142.3 142.2 141.9 132.6 139.5 140.3 141.2 142.0 142.9 .6

Leisure and hospitality ........................................... 132.4 132.9 135.1 139.1 130.5 135.2 136.2 136.5 137.2 137.5 .2

Other services ......................................................... 112.1 114.9 114.5 115.3 111.5 113.9 114.2 114.8 114.5 114.8 .3

1 See footnote 1, table B-2.

p = preliminary.

NOTE: The indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls are calculated

by dividing the current months estimates of aggregate payrolls

by the corresponding 2002 annual average levels. Aggregate

payroll estimates are the product of estimates of average hourly

earnings, average weekly hours, and production and nonsupervisory

worker employment.

Data reflect the conversion to the 2007 version of the North

American Industry Classification System (NAICS) as the basis

for the assignment and tabulation of economic data by industry,

replacing NAICS 2002. See http://www.bls.gov/ces/cesnaics07.htm

for more details.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-7. Diffusion indexes of employment change

(Percent)

Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May June July Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec.

Private nonfarm payrolls, 274 industries

Manufacturing payrolls, 84 industries

1

1

Over 1-month span:

Over 3-month span:

Over 6-month span:

Over 12-month span:

Over 1-month span:

Over 3-month span:

Over 6-month span:

Over 12-month span:

Time span

2004 ......................................................... 50.5 50.5 64.1 62.6 61.7 58.9 56.0 50.0 56.9 56.9 51.3 51.8

2005 ......................................................... 52.2 60.6 54.2 58.2 55.8 58.2 58.0 61.3 54.7 53.6 62.4 54.7

2006 ......................................................... 65.1 60.9 64.4 59.3 53.3 52.7 60.4 58.9 53.5 55.8 57.1 56.0

2007 ......................................................... 51.6 51.8 52.7 51.1 56.6 50.4 52.2 51.6 56.4 54.6 48.2 48.5

2008 ......................................................... 45.4 41.4 47.4 p 48.0 p 45.4

2004 ......................................................... 54.4 52.9 57.3 63.5 68.8 66.6 61.3 56.4 57.7 59.5 61.9 54.6

2005 ......................................................... 52.2 55.5 57.5 60.8 58.9 61.9 60.4 63.9 61.1 54.4 54.9 61.3

2006 ......................................................... 67.2 66.2 66.6 65.5 60.6 58.2 56.0 58.9 55.7 56.4 57.1 58.4

2007 ......................................................... 58.4 54.7 55.3 54.7 56.2 53.3 53.1 54.7 58.4 56.8 54.7 52.4

2008 ......................................................... 46.7 42.7 42.3 p 45.1 p 44.9

2004 ......................................................... 50.0 51.6 55.3 60.9 63.7 65.1 65.1 63.9 60.4 61.7 58.2 56.0

2005 ......................................................... 54.6 57.3 56.8 57.5 57.5 58.2 64.4 62.8 62.0 59.3 61.5 62.0

2006 ......................................................... 63.1 64.4 67.2 67.0 64.4 66.4 61.5 61.7 60.4 59.7 60.8 56.0

2007 ......................................................... 59.1 56.4 57.5 56.8 58.8 58.2 56.2 58.0 58.2 57.1 54.6 53.8

2008 ......................................................... 51.5 49.8 44.7 p 47.8 p 44.0

2004 ......................................................... 40.5 42.3 45.1 48.9 51.3 58.2 57.5 55.7 57.3 58.8 60.6 60.8

2005 ......................................................... 60.6 60.8 59.7 58.9 58.0 60.0 60.9 63.3 60.4 58.9 59.5 61.7

2006 ......................................................... 67.2 65.1 65.5 62.6 64.8 66.4 64.4 64.4 66.2 65.1 64.4 65.5

2007 ......................................................... 62.6 59.1 60.4 58.9 59.5 58.4 57.5 58.8 61.7 60.4 59.9 57.7

2008 ......................................................... 53.8 54.6 52.6 p 50.9 p 47.8

2004 ......................................................... 43.5 47.6 47.0 63.7 50.6 51.2 58.3 42.9 42.9 48.2 42.3 39.9

2005 ......................................................... 36.3 48.8 42.9 44.6 42.3 35.1 38.1 47.0 45.8 46.4 47.0 47.0

2006 ......................................................... 57.7 45.8 54.8 48.8 38.1 53.0 50.6 44.0 36.3 40.5 38.1 39.3

2007 ......................................................... 47.6 35.7 30.4 29.8 37.5 39.3 41.7 33.3 40.5 45.2 44.6 36.3

2008 ......................................................... 40.5 28.6 38.1 p 33.9 p 33.3

2004 ......................................................... 41.1 40.5 43.5 56.5 58.9 61.3 57.7 47.0 46.4 41.7 44.6 38.7

2005 ......................................................... 38.1 39.3 42.3 44.6 36.3 37.5 33.3 39.9 45.8 41.7 38.7 49.4

2006 ......................................................... 54.8 52.4 47.6 48.8 44.6 50.6 42.9 47.6 36.3 37.5 32.1 34.5

2007 ......................................................... 33.9 28.6 32.1 27.4 29.8 32.7 31.0 34.5 32.1 39.3 44.0 41.7

2008 ......................................................... 35.7 27.4 26.8 p 28.6 p 24.4

2004 ......................................................... 29.2 31.5 32.7 44.6 49.4 54.8 59.5 56.0 51.2 51.8 44.0 38.7

2005 ......................................................... 33.9 38.1 35.1 36.9 32.1 32.1 41.7 35.7 36.3 36.9 37.5 42.3

2006 ......................................................... 42.9 45.2 50.6 47.6 48.2 47.6 46.4 48.8 43.5 41.7 38.7 29.8

2007 ......................................................... 34.5 27.4 23.8 27.4 31.5 34.5 33.3 31.0 29.2 35.1 34.5 32.7

2008 ......................................................... 34.5 33.9 32.1 p 28.6 p 22.0

2004 ......................................................... 13.1 14.3 13.1 20.2 23.2 35.7 36.9 38.1 36.9 44.0 44.6 44.6

2005 ......................................................... 44.6 43.5 41.7 40.5 36.3 35.1 32.1 33.9 32.7 33.3 33.3 38.1

2006 ......................................................... 44.6 40.5 40.5 39.3 39.3 44.6 41.7 42.3 46.4 48.2 45.2 44.0

2007 ......................................................... 39.3 36.3 36.9 28.6 29.8 26.2 26.8 29.2 30.4 29.8 33.3 33.9

2008 ......................................................... 29.8 29.8 29.8 p 25.0 p 26.2

1 Based on seasonally adjusted data for 1-, 3-, and 6-month spans and

unadjusted data for the 12-month span.

p = preliminary.

NOTE: Figures are the percent of industries with employment increasing

plus one-half of the industries with unchanged employment, where

50 percent indicates an equal balance between industries with increasing

and decreasing employment.

Data reflect the conversion to the 2007 version of the North American

Industry Classification System (NAICS) as the basis for the assignment

and tabulation of economic data by industry, replacing NAICS 2002.

See http://www.bls.gov/ces/cesnaics07.htm for more details.