For release 10:00 a.m. (ET) Tuesday, January 23, 2024 USDL-24-0095 

Technical information: 

 Employment: (202) 691-6559 • sminfo@bls.gov • www.bls.gov/sae 

 Unemployment: (202) 691-6392 • lausinfo@bls.gov • www.bls.gov/lau 

Media contact: (202) 691-5902 • PressOffice@bls.gov 

STATE EMPLOYMENT AND UNEMPLOYMENT — DECEMBER 2023

Unemployment rates were higher in December in 15 states, lower in 1 state, and stable in 34 

states and the District of Columbia, the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today. Eighteen 

states and the District had jobless rate increases from a year earlier, 15 states had decreases, and 

17 states had little change. The national unemployment rate was unchanged at 3.7 percent but 

was 0.2 percentage point higher than in December 2022. 

Nonfarm payroll employment was essentially unchanged in all 50 states and the District of 

Columbia in December 2023. Over the year, nonfarm payroll employment increased in 30 states 

and was essentially unchanged in 20 states and the District. 

This news release presents statistics from two monthly programs. The civilian labor force and 

unemployment data are modeled based largely on a survey of households. These data pertain to 

individuals by where they reside. The employment data are from an establishment survey that 

measures nonfarm employment, hours, and earnings by industry. These data pertain to jobs on 

payrolls defined by where the establishments are located. For more information about the 

concepts and statistical methodologies used by these two programs, see the Technical Note.

Unemployment

Maryland and North Dakota had the lowest jobless rates in December, 1.9 percent each. The next 

lowest rate was in South Dakota, 2.0 percent. Nevada had the highest unemployment rate, 5.4 

percent. In total, 16 states had unemployment rates lower than the U.S. figure of 3.7 percent, 5 

states and the District of Columbia had higher rates, and 29 states had rates that were not 

appreciably different from that of the nation. (See tables A and 1 and map 1.)

In December, 15 states had over-the-month unemployment rate increases, the largest of which 

were in Massachusetts and Rhode Island (+0.3 percentage point each). Minnesota had the only 

rate decrease (-0.2 percentage point). Thirty-four states and the District of Columbia had jobless 

rates that were not notably different from those of a month earlier, though some had changes that 

were at least as large numerically as the significant changes. (See table B.)
-2- 

Eighteen states and the District of Columbia had unemployment rate increases from December 

2022, the largest of which was in New Jersey (+1.5 percentage points). Fifteen states had overthe-year rate decreases, the largest of which were in Maryland and Oregon (-1.1 percentage 

points each). Seventeen states had jobless rates that were not notably different from those of a 

year earlier, though some had changes that were at least as large numerically as the significant 

changes. (See table C.)

Nonfarm Payroll Employment 

Nonfarm payroll employment was essentially unchanged in all 50 states and the District of 

Columbia in December 2023. 

Over the year, nonfarm payroll employment increased in 30 states and was essentially unchanged 

in 20 states and the District of Columbia. The largest job gains occurred in Texas (+369,600), 

California (+311,600), and Florida (+240,600). The largest percentage increase occurred in 

Nevada (+3.8 percent), followed by Idaho and South Dakota (+3.0 percent each). (See table D 

and map 2.) 

_____________ 

The Metropolitan Area Employment and Unemployment news release for December 2023 

is scheduled to be released on Tuesday, February 6, 2024, at 10:00 a.m. (ET). The Regional 

and State Unemployment 2023 Annual Averages news release is scheduled to be released 

on Friday, March 1, 2024, at 10:00 a.m. (ET). The State Employment and Unemployment 

news release for January 2024 is scheduled to be released on Monday, March 11, 2024, at 

10:00 a.m. (ET). 

Upcoming Changes to Current Employment Statistics (CES) Data

Effective with the release of January 2024 estimates on March 11, 2024, all nonfarm payroll 

employment estimates for states and areas presented in tables 3 and 4 of this news release will be 

adjusted to 2023 benchmark levels. Not seasonally adjusted data beginning with April 2022 and 

seasonally adjusted data beginning with January 2019 are subject to revision. Some not 

seasonally adjusted and seasonally adjusted series may be revised as far back as 1990. 

Also effective with the release of January 2024 estimates on March 11, 2024, the CES program 

will implement a new weight smoothing procedure for state and metropolitan area employment 

data. Background information on the new weight smoothing procedure is available on the BLS 

website at www.bls.gov/osmr/research-papers/2014/pdf/st140140.pdf. 
-3- 

Upcoming Changes to Local Area Unemployment Statistics Data

Effective with the release of Regional and State Unemployment 2023 Annual Averages on 

March 1, 2024, the civilian labor force and unemployment data for the states, the District of 

Columbia, and the modeled substate areas presented in tables 1 and 2 of this news release will be 

revised to incorporate updated inputs, new population controls, reestimation of models, and 

adjustment to new census division and national control totals. The population controls will 

continue to reflect a "blended base," with elements from three independent data sources for April 

1, 2020. Data in table 1 will be re-seasonally adjusted as well. Both not seasonally adjusted and 

seasonally adjusted data are subject to revision back to 2019. 
-4- 

State Rate p

United States 1 ................................................ 3.7

Alabama ........................................................... 2.6

California .......................................................... 5.1

District of Columbia ........................................... 5.1

Florida .............................................................. 3.0

Hawaii .............................................................. 2.9

Illinois ............................................................... 4.8

Kansas ............................................................. 2.8

Maryland ........................................................... 1.9

Minnesota ......................................................... 2.9

Montana ............................................................ 3.2

Nebraska .......................................................... 2.3

Nevada ............................................................. 5.4

New Hampshire ................................................. 2.5

New Jersey ....................................................... 4.8

New York .......................................................... 4.5

North Dakota ..................................................... 1.9

South Carolina .................................................. 3.0

South Dakota .................................................... 2.0

Utah ................................................................. 2.8

Vermont ............................................................ 2.2

Virginia ............................................................. 3.0

Wyoming .......................................................... 3.0

1

 Data are not preliminary.

p

 = preliminary.

Table A. States with unemployment rates significantly different from that

of the U.S., December 2023, seasonally adjusted
-5- 

Table B. States with statistically significant unemployment rate changes from November 2023

to December 2023, seasonally adjusted

November 2023 December 2023 p

Alabama ..................................... 2.4 2.6 0.2

Arkansas .................................... 3.3 3.4 .1

California .................................... 4.9 5.1 .2

Connecticut ................................. 3.6 3.8 .2

Florida ........................................ 2.9 3.0 .1

Louisiana .................................... 3.5 3.7 .2

Maine ......................................... 3.0 3.2 .2

Maryland ..................................... 1.8 1.9 .1

Massachusetts ............................. 2.9 3.2 .3

Minnesota ................................... 3.1 2.9 -.2

Montana ...................................... 3.0 3.2 .2

New Hampshire ........................... 2.3 2.5 .2

New York .................................... 4.3 4.5 .2

Rhode Island ............................... 2.9 3.2 .3

Virginia ....................................... 2.9 3.0 .1

Washington ................................. 4.0 4.2 .2

p

 = preliminary.

State

Rate Over-the-month 

change p
-6- 

Table C. States with statistically significant unemployment rate changes from December 2022

to December 2023, seasonally adjusted

December 2022 December 2023 p

Alaska ........................................ 3.7 4.5 0.8

Arizona ....................................... 4.0 4.3 .3

California .................................... 4.1 5.1 1.0

Colorado ..................................... 2.8 3.4 .6

Delaware .................................... 4.6 4.2 -.4

District of Columbia ..................... 4.2 5.1 .9

Florida ........................................ 2.7 3.0 .3

Georgia ...................................... 3.1 3.4 .3

Hawaii ........................................ 3.7 2.9 -.8

Idaho .......................................... 2.8 3.3 .5

Indiana ....................................... 3.1 3.6 .5

Kentucky .................................... 3.9 4.3 .4

Maryland ..................................... 3.0 1.9 -1.1

Massachusetts ............................. 3.7 3.2 -.5

Mississippi .................................. 4.0 3.3 -.7

Missouri ...................................... 2.7 3.3 .6

Montana ...................................... 2.6 3.2 .6

Nebraska .................................... 2.7 2.3 -.4

New Hampshire ........................... 2.9 2.5 -.4

New Jersey ................................. 3.3 4.8 1.5

New Mexico ................................. 3.5 4.0 .5

New York .................................... 4.1 4.5 .4

North Carolina ............................. 3.8 3.5 -.3

North Dakota ............................... 2.1 1.9 -.2

Ohio ........................................... 4.1 3.7 -.4

Oklahoma .................................... 3.2 3.4 .2

Oregon ....................................... 4.8 3.7 -1.1

Pennsylvania ............................... 4.3 3.5 -.8

Texas .......................................... 3.8 4.0 .2

Utah ........................................... 2.4 2.8 .4

Vermont ...................................... 3.0 2.2 -.8

Washington ................................. 4.5 4.2 -.3

Wisconsin ................................... 3.0 3.3 .3

Wyoming .................................... 3.9 3.0 -.9

p

 = preliminary.

State

Rate Over-the-year 

change p
-7- 

Table D. States with statistically significant employment changes from December 2022 to

December 2023, seasonally adjusted

December December

2022 2023 p Level Percent

Alabama ..................................... 2,136,000 2,169,200 33,200 1.6

Arizona ....................................... 3,122,600 3,189,300 66,700 2.1

California .................................... 17,869,100 18,180,700 311,600 1.7

Delaware .................................... 477,000 486,400 9,400 2.0

Florida ........................................ 9,620,100 9,860,700 240,600 2.5

Georgia ...................................... 4,857,400 4,955,500 98,100 2.0

Idaho .......................................... 837,400 862,400 25,000 3.0

Illinois ......................................... 6,091,600 6,149,400 57,800 .9

Indiana ....................................... 3,222,700 3,284,700 62,000 1.9

Kentucky .................................... 1,975,600 2,022,300 46,700 2.4

 

Louisiana .................................... 1,936,600 1,973,900 37,300 1.9

Massachusetts ............................. 3,723,900 3,793,700 69,800 1.9

Michigan ..................................... 4,389,800 4,435,500 45,700 1.0

Minnesota ................................... 2,958,700 3,008,700 50,000 1.7

Missouri ...................................... 2,957,000 3,005,100 48,100 1.6

Nevada ....................................... 1,525,900 1,583,600 57,700 3.8

New Jersey ................................. 4,297,400 4,367,000 69,600 1.6

New Mexico ................................. 854,900 875,800 20,900 2.4

North Carolina ............................. 4,852,500 4,951,900 99,400 2.0

North Dakota ............................... 430,400 439,700 9,300 2.2

 

Ohio ........................................... 5,554,700 5,661,100 106,400 1.9

Pennsylvania ............................... 6,071,000 6,182,700 111,700 1.8

South Carolina ............................ 2,263,700 2,323,300 59,600 2.6

South Dakota .............................. 456,900 470,700 13,800 3.0

Texas .......................................... 13,733,700 14,103,300 369,600 2.7

Utah ........................................... 1,695,500 1,727,000 31,500 1.9

Washington ................................. 3,585,500 3,653,600 68,100 1.9

West Virginia .............................. 694,900 712,900 18,000 2.6

Wisconsin ................................... 2,983,800 3,026,500 42,700 1.4

Wyoming .................................... 288,400 296,500 8,100 2.8

p

 = preliminary.

State Over-the-year change p
Technical Note

This news release presents civilian labor force and 

unemployment data for states and selected substate areas from 

the Local Area Unemployment Statistics (LAUS) program 

(tables 1 and 2). Also presented are nonfarm payroll 

employment estimates by state and industry supersector from 

the Current Employment Statistics (CES) program (tables 3 and 

4). The LAUS and CES programs are both federal-state 

cooperative endeavors.

Civilian labor force and unemployment—from the 

LAUS program

 Definitions. The civilian labor force and unemployment 

data are based on the same concepts and definitions as those 

used for the official national estimates obtained from the 

Current Population Survey (CPS), a sample survey of 

households that is conducted for the Bureau of Labor Statistics 

(BLS) by the U.S. Census Bureau. The LAUS program 

measures employed people and unemployed people on a place

of-residence basis. The universe for each is the civilian 

noninstitutional population 16 years of age and older. 

Employed people are those who did any work at all for pay or 

profit in the reference week (typically the week including the 

12th of the month) or worked 15 hours or more without pay in 

a family business or farm, plus those not working who had a job 

from which they were temporarily absent, whether or not paid, 

for such reasons as bad weather, labor-management dispute, 

illness, or vacation.

 Unemployed people are those who were not employed during 

the reference week (based on the definition above), had actively 

looked for a job sometime in the 4-week period ending with the 

reference week, and were currently available for work; people 

on layoff expecting recall need not be looking for work to be 

counted as unemployed. The civilian labor force is the sum of 

employed and unemployed people. The unemployment rate is 

the number of unemployed as a percent of the civilian labor 

force.

 Method of estimation. Estimates for 48 states, the District 

of Columbia, the Los Angeles-Long Beach-Glendale 

metropolitan division, New York City, and the balances of 

California and New York State are produced using time-series 

models. This method, which underwent substantial 

enhancement at the beginning of 2021, utilizes data from 

several sources, including the CPS, the CES, and state 

unemployment insurance (UI) programs. Estimates for the state 

of California are derived by summing the estimates for the Los 

Angeles-Long Beach-Glendale metropolitan division and the 

balance of California. Similarly, estimates for New York State 

are derived by summing the estimates for New York City and 

the balance of New York State. Estimates for the five additional 

substate areas contained in this release (the Cleveland-Elyria 

and Detroit-Warren-Dearborn metropolitan areas and the 

Chicago-Naperville-Arlington Heights, Miami-Miami Beach

Kendall, and Seattle-Bellevue-Everett metropolitan divisions) 

and their respective balances of state are produced using a 

similar model-based approach.

 Each month, estimates for the nine census divisions first are 

modeled using inputs from the CPS only and controlled to the

national totals. State estimates then are controlled to their 

respective census division totals. Substate and balance-of-state 

estimates for the five areas noted above also are controlled to 

their respective state totals. This tiered process of controlling 

model-based estimates to the U.S. totals is called real-time 

benchmarking. Estimates for Puerto Rico are derived from a 

monthly household survey similar to the CPS. A more detailed 

description of the estimation procedures is available from BLS 

upon request

 Annual revisions. Civilian labor force and unemployment 

data for prior years reflect adjustments made after the end of 

each year. The adjusted estimates reflect updated population 

data from the U.S. Census Bureau, any revisions in the other 

data sources, and model re-estimation. In most years, historical 

data for the most recent five years are revised near the 

beginning of each calendar year, prior to the release of January 

estimates. With the introduction of a new generation of time

series models in 2021, historical data were re-estimated back to 

the series beginnings in 1976, 1990, or 1994. 

 Seasonal adjustment. The LAUS models decompose the 

estimates of employed and unemployed people into trend, 

seasonal, and irregular components. The benchmarked signals 

of employed and unemployed people first are adjusted using an 

X-11 type of seasonal adjustment filter. The adjusted data then 

are smoothed using a Reproducing Kernel Hilbert Space 

(RKHS) filter. The smoothed-seasonally adjusted estimates of 

employed and unemployed people are summed to derive the 

civilian labor force, and the unemployment rate then is 

calculated as the unemployed percent of the civilian labor force. 

The resulting smoothed-seasonally adjusted unemployment 

rate estimates are analyzed in this news release and published 

on the BLS website.

 During estimation for the current year, the smoothedseasonally adjusted estimates for a given month are created 

using an asymmetric filter that incorporates information from 

previous observations only. For annual revisions, historical data 

are smoothed using a two-sided filter.

 Area definitions. The substate area data published in this 

release reflect the delineations that were issued by the U.S. 

Office of Management and Budget on April 10, 2018. A 

detailed list of the geographic definitions is available online at 

www.bls.gov/lau/lausmsa.htm. 

Employment—from the CES program

 Definitions. Employment data refer to persons on 

establishment payrolls who receive pay for any part of the pay 

period that includes the 12th of the month. Persons are counted 

at their place of work rather than at their place of residence; 

those appearing on more than one payroll are counted on each 

payroll. Industries are classified on the basis of their principal 

activity in accordance with the 2022 version of the North 

American Industry Classification System. 

 Method of estimation. CES State and Area employment 

data are produced using several estimation procedures. Where 
possible, these data are produced using a "weighted link 

relative" estimation technique in which a ratio of current month 

weighted employment to that of the previous-month weighted 

employment is computed from a sample of establishments 

reporting for both months. The estimates of employment for the 

current month are then obtained by multiplying these ratios by 

the previous month’s employment estimates. The weighted link 

relative technique is utilized for data series where the sample 

size meets certain statistical criteria. For some employment 

series, the estimates are produced with a model that uses direct 

sample estimates (described above) combined with other 

regressors to compensate for smaller sample sizes. 

 Annual revisions. Employment estimates are adjusted 

annually to a complete count of jobs, called benchmarks, 

derived principally from tax reports that are submitted by 

employers who are covered under state unemployment 

insurance (UI) laws. The benchmark information is used to 

adjust the monthly estimates between the new benchmark and 

the preceding one and to establish the level of employment for 

the new benchmark month. Thus, the benchmarking process 

establishes the level of employment, and the sample is used to 

measure the month-to-month changes in the level for the 

subsequent months. Information on recent benchmark revisions 

is available online at www.bls.gov/web/laus/bmrk_article.htm. 

 Seasonal adjustment. Payroll employment data are 

seasonally adjusted at the statewide expanded supersector level. 

In some cases, the seasonally adjusted payroll employment total 

is computed by aggregating the independently adjusted 

supersector series. In other cases, the seasonally adjusted 

payroll employment total is independently adjusted. Revisions 

to historical data for the most recent five years are made once a 

year, coincident with annual benchmark adjustments.

 Payroll employment data are seasonally adjusted 

concurrently, using all available estimates including those for 

the current month, to develop sample-based seasonal factors.

Concurrent sample-based factors are created every month for 

the current month’s preliminary estimate as well as the previous 

month’s final estimate. 

 Caution on aggregating state data. State estimation 

procedures are designed to produce accurate data for each 

individual state. BLS independently develops a national 

employment series; state estimates are not forced to sum to 

national totals. Each state series is subject to larger relative 

sampling and nonsampling errors than the national series. 

Summing state estimates cumulates individual state-level errors 

and can cause significant distortions at an aggregate level. Due 

to these statistical limitations, BLS does not compile a "sum-ofstates" employment series and cautions users that such a series 

is subject to a relatively large and volatile error structure.

Reliability of the estimates

 The estimates presented in this release are based on sample 

surveys, administrative data, and modeling and, thus, are 

subject to sampling and other types of errors. Sampling error is 

a measure of sampling variability—that is, variation that occurs 

by chance because a sample rather than the entire population is 

surveyed. Survey data also are subject to nonsampling errors, 

such as those which can be introduced into the data collection 

and processing operations. Estimates not directly derived from 

sample surveys are subject to additional errors resulting from 

the specific estimation processes used.

 Use of error measures. Changes in state unemployment 

rates and state nonfarm payroll employment are cited in the 

analysis of this release only if they have been determined to be 

statistically significant at the 90-percent confidence level. 

Furthermore, state unemployment rates for the current month 

generally are cited only if they have been determined to be 

significantly different from the U.S. rate at the 90-percent 

confidence level. The underlying model-based standard error 

measures for unemployment rates and over-the-month and

over-the-year changes in rates are available at 

www.bls.gov/lau/lastderr.htm. The underlying standard error 

measures for over-the-month and over-the-year changes in state 

payroll employment data at the total nonfarm and supersector 

levels are available at www.bls.gov/web/laus/790stderr.htm. 

Measures of nonsampling error are not available.

Additional information

 Estimates of civilian labor force and unemployment from the 

LAUS program, as well as nonfarm payroll employment from 

the CES program, for metropolitan areas and metropolitan 

divisions are available in the news release Metropolitan Area 

Employment and Unemployment. Estimates of civilian labor 

force, employed people, unemployed people, and 

unemployment rates for approximately 7,600 subnational areas 

are available online at www.bls.gov/lau/. Employment data 

from the CES program for states and metropolitan areas are 

available online at www.bls.gov/sae/. If you are deaf, hard of 

hearing, or have a speech disability, please dial 7-1-1 to access 

telecommunications relay services. 
LABOR FORCE DATA

SEASONALLY ADJUSTED

Table 1. Civilian labor force and unemployment by state and selected area, seasonally adjusted

State and area

Civilian labor force Unemployed

Dec.

2022

Oct.

2023

Nov.

2023

Dec.

2023p

Number Percent of labor force

Dec.

2022

Oct.

2023

Nov.

2023

Dec.

2023p

Dec.

2022

Oct.

2023

Nov.

2023

Dec.

2023p

Alabama. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,283,890 2,313,224 2,318,659 2,323,552 59,986 52,182 55,462 59,454 2.6 2.3 2.4 2.6

Alaska. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 356,433 357,736 358,123 358,018 13,249 15,373 15,736 16,098 3.7 4.3 4.4 4.5

Arizona. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,640,559 3,719,059 3,731,906 3,738,201 145,861 154,881 159,311 160,971 4.0 4.2 4.3 4.3

Arkansas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,373,033 1,393,178 1,392,889 1,391,742 47,352 42,593 45,307 47,798 3.4 3.1 3.3 3.4

California. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19,272,358 19,373,596 19,360,472 19,356,852 790,262 931,500 953,838 982,995 4.1 4.8 4.9 5.1

Los Angeles-Long Beach-Glendale1. . . . 4,949,290 5,017,552 4,998,367 4,981,339 228,496 261,194 263,893 266,496 4.6 5.2 5.3 5.3

Colorado. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,198,338 3,246,997 3,249,737 3,249,321 89,130 105,946 107,906 109,569 2.8 3.3 3.3 3.4

Connecticut. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,914,328 1,898,950 1,900,075 1,900,006 76,207 65,657 67,830 72,024 4.0 3.5 3.6 3.8

Delaware. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 495,435 509,289 510,181 511,122 23,030 21,422 21,634 21,722 4.6 4.2 4.2 4.2

District of Columbia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 388,214 396,673 398,217 400,206 16,349 19,881 19,997 20,458 4.2 5.0 5.0 5.1

Florida. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10,839,794 11,173,177 11,190,196 11,194,351 290,801 317,963 324,088 334,018 2.7 2.8 2.9 3.0

Miami-Miami Beach-Kendall1. . . . . . . . . . . 1,383,368 1,385,483 1,389,294 1,390,718 29,831 22,079 20,206 20,957 2.2 1.6 1.5 1.5

Georgia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,233,716 5,349,254 5,360,623 5,363,487 161,461 182,950 184,453 182,513 3.1 3.4 3.4 3.4

Hawaii. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 679,695 675,131 675,156 674,915 25,191 19,388 19,523 19,902 3.7 2.9 2.9 2.9

Idaho. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 954,796 971,153 973,944 975,560 26,377 31,459 32,203 32,641 2.8 3.2 3.3 3.3

Illinois. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,469,544 6,451,166 6,464,012 6,465,934 297,260 296,625 306,191 310,209 4.6 4.6 4.7 4.8

Chicago-Naperville-Arlington Heights1. . . 3,860,600 3,805,365 3,811,376 3,808,339 187,425 157,726 168,126 172,786 4.9 4.1 4.4 4.5

Indiana. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,410,069 3,421,643 3,423,251 3,420,262 107,399 123,269 125,247 124,005 3.1 3.6 3.7 3.6

Iowa. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,722,709 1,735,944 1,729,262 1,720,760 52,349 55,991 57,212 55,783 3.0 3.2 3.3 3.2

Kansas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,505,800 1,521,168 1,519,456 1,516,911 43,868 44,065 43,728 43,004 2.9 2.9 2.9 2.8

Kentucky. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,039,859 2,040,632 2,036,642 2,032,992 80,066 85,550 87,273 87,681 3.9 4.2 4.3 4.3

Louisiana. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,083,547 2,087,258 2,087,074 2,087,724 73,536 69,849 72,958 77,792 3.5 3.3 3.5 3.7

Maine. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 671,868 686,867 689,764 691,403 20,517 19,279 20,501 21,812 3.1 2.8 3.0 3.2

Maryland. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,161,834 3,197,464 3,196,173 3,196,995 95,998 55,417 56,506 62,163 3.0 1.7 1.8 1.9

Massachusetts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,726,395 3,721,368 3,729,003 3,742,856 136,827 102,480 107,689 120,269 3.7 2.8 2.9 3.2

Michigan. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,833,347 5,012,896 5,036,465 5,045,114 209,071 206,962 215,745 216,300 4.3 4.1 4.3 4.3

Detroit-Warren-Dearborn2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,101,880 2,177,674 2,187,667 2,193,448 78,054 83,139 89,696 90,972 3.7 3.8 4.1 4.1

Minnesota. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,085,863 3,114,307 3,106,774 3,100,184 90,924 100,082 96,129 91,336 2.9 3.2 3.1 2.9

Mississippi. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,242,067 1,232,793 1,230,668 1,230,121 50,106 40,222 40,252 40,132 4.0 3.3 3.3 3.3

Missouri. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,067,527 3,129,508 3,125,319 3,119,953 81,965 97,822 100,929 101,920 2.7 3.1 3.2 3.3

Montana. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 569,549 579,158 580,532 581,755 15,073 16,431 17,293 18,501 2.6 2.8 3.0 3.2

Nebraska. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,060,024 1,059,437 1,059,118 1,058,103 28,181 23,293 24,106 24,661 2.7 2.2 2.3 2.3

Nevada. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,568,319 1,607,481 1,616,309 1,622,594 86,543 87,220 87,152 87,485 5.5 5.4 5.4 5.4

New Hampshire. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 769,222 759,294 761,068 762,154 22,036 16,288 17,716 18,819 2.9 2.1 2.3 2.5

New Jersey. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,764,691 4,858,862 4,848,233 4,840,645 157,204 223,153 227,945 231,786 3.3 4.6 4.7 4.8

New Mexico. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 944,992 966,547 968,473 969,463 32,785 36,990 37,802 38,486 3.5 3.8 3.9 4.0

New York. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9,626,379 9,774,474 9,787,826 9,780,255 395,461 409,476 420,640 435,952 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.5

New York City. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,112,579 4,156,395 4,147,891 4,137,830 209,936 222,534 221,029 223,172 5.1 5.4 5.3 5.4

North Carolina. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,160,268 5,272,521 5,277,812 5,279,275 198,043 179,398 182,196 185,281 3.8 3.4 3.5 3.5

North Dakota. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 414,630 417,198 416,975 416,791 8,850 7,869 7,827 7,824 2.1 1.9 1.9 1.9

Ohio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,720,233 5,808,596 5,808,567 5,805,668 235,746 206,840 211,556 214,255 4.1 3.6 3.6 3.7

Cleveland-Elyria2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,022,685 1,041,658 1,043,370 1,042,893 45,829 39,086 39,097 39,333 4.5 3.8 3.7 3.8

Oklahoma. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,890,029 1,957,399 1,965,413 1,973,991 59,659 62,100 65,393 68,069 3.2 3.2 3.3 3.4

Oregon. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,183,610 2,144,399 2,147,592 2,152,317 104,143 76,598 78,205 80,494 4.8 3.6 3.6 3.7

Pennsylvania. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,481,162 6,499,241 6,515,950 6,528,257 281,447 223,303 224,716 225,723 4.3 3.4 3.4 3.5

Rhode Island. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 566,352 572,880 574,155 575,122 18,157 15,644 16,683 18,221 3.2 2.7 2.9 3.2

South Carolina. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,371,550 2,465,087 2,471,675 2,476,805 77,159 71,873 73,338 74,852 3.3 2.9 3.0 3.0

South Dakota. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 475,056 484,760 485,200 485,365 10,346 9,861 9,917 9,932 2.2 2.0 2.0 2.0

Tennessee. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,322,094 3,392,754 3,397,603 3,402,653 115,593 113,493 118,495 120,771 3.5 3.3 3.5 3.5

Texas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14,706,480 15,162,096 15,192,755 15,203,934 560,929 625,307 616,227 609,031 3.8 4.1 4.1 4.0

Utah. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,753,994 1,812,970 1,813,353 1,813,318 42,567 49,238 50,332 50,905 2.4 2.7 2.8 2.8

Vermont. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 343,969 349,914 351,071 352,076 10,378 7,135 7,544 7,739 3.0 2.0 2.1 2.2

Virginia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,470,272 4,615,515 4,624,829 4,623,066 139,741 122,801 132,139 138,771 3.1 2.7 2.9 3.0

Washington. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,015,286 4,055,976 4,057,720 4,059,627 182,517 153,315 161,573 170,380 4.5 3.8 4.0 4.2

Seattle-Bellevue-Everett1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,781,209 1,817,235 1,820,884 1,820,891 57,086 61,097 64,745 66,198 3.2 3.4 3.6 3.6

West Virginia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 784,323 790,479 791,058 791,571 31,859 31,977 32,882 33,685 4.1 4.0 4.2 4.3

Wisconsin. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,068,610 3,142,324 3,146,370 3,148,592 91,940 102,034 104,192 104,731 3.0 3.2 3.3 3.3

Wyoming. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 293,595 298,201 298,253 297,661 11,348 8,751 9,020 8,968 3.9 2.9 3.0 3.0

Puerto Rico. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,188,817 1,197,592 1,207,117 1,210,979 71,625 68,937 68,651 68,665 6.0 5.8 5.7 5.7

1 Metropolitan division.

2 Metropolitan statistical area.

p Preliminary

NOTE: Data refer to place of residence. Data for Puerto Rico are derived from a monthly household survey similar to the Current Population Survey. Area definitions are based on Office of Management

and Budget Bulletin No. 18-03, dated April 10, 2018, and are available on the BLS website at https://www.bls.gov/lau/lausmsa.htm. Estimates for the latest month are subject to revision the following

month.
LABOR FORCE DATA

NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED

Table 2. Civilian labor force and unemployment by state and selected area, not seasonally adjusted

State and area

Civilian labor force Unemployed

November December Number Percent of labor force

2022 2023 2022 2023p

November December November December

2022 2023 2022 2023p 2022 2023 2022 2023p

Alabama. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,284,604 2,340,322 2,286,709 2,329,102 51,233 57,953 49,167 61,670 2.2 2.5 2.2 2.6

Alaska. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 354,496 358,102 354,714 354,046 13,152 15,778 12,822 16,392 3.7 4.4 3.6 4.6

Arizona. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,647,457 3,765,484 3,645,105 3,726,943 130,494 149,827 120,978 141,162 3.6 4.0 3.3 3.8

Arkansas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,364,205 1,380,208 1,362,369 1,372,350 38,916 42,531 39,515 46,735 2.9 3.1 2.9 3.4

California. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19,350,057 19,382,806 19,336,344 19,207,991 779,616 946,463 748,684 972,262 4.0 4.9 3.9 5.1

Los Angeles-Long Beach-Glendale1. . . . 4,986,416 4,960,636 4,965,511 4,894,827 226,284 245,824 218,468 243,656 4.5 5.0 4.4 5.0

Colorado. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,203,799 3,269,255 3,202,346 3,235,414 88,386 104,649 81,136 105,087 2.8 3.2 2.5 3.2

Connecticut. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,915,432 1,907,862 1,901,411 1,886,117 65,299 66,366 61,252 73,068 3.4 3.5 3.2 3.9

Delaware. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 493,999 508,380 494,576 510,830 20,874 19,100 20,600 18,971 4.2 3.8 4.2 3.7

District of Columbia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 386,175 400,785 386,520 402,075 15,712 19,247 15,733 19,176 4.1 4.8 4.1 4.8

Florida. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10,828,238 11,184,520 10,862,301 11,121,678 284,382 325,848 250,216 321,827 2.6 2.9 2.3 2.9

Miami-Miami Beach-Kendall1. . . . . . . . . . . 1,379,414 1,411,953 1,397,307 1,391,159 28,781 19,285 27,771 22,694 2.1 1.4 2.0 1.6

Georgia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,231,596 5,369,686 5,248,482 5,336,733 146,249 163,138 145,435 153,551 2.8 3.0 2.8 2.9

Hawaii. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 680,226 678,256 680,927 672,952 26,347 19,835 23,514 19,211 3.9 2.9 3.5 2.9

Idaho. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 953,486 978,789 952,696 971,638 23,973 30,495 22,824 30,567 2.5 3.1 2.4 3.1

Illinois. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,456,955 6,498,213 6,438,153 6,404,211 268,071 272,744 260,429 269,963 4.2 4.2 4.0 4.2

Chicago-Naperville-Arlington Heights1. . . 3,848,800 3,833,436 3,838,545 3,762,879 168,589 166,272 162,187 145,962 4.4 4.3 4.2 3.9

Indiana. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,408,814 3,436,138 3,396,110 3,384,774 99,838 118,038 87,295 96,202 2.9 3.4 2.6 2.8

Iowa. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,720,546 1,707,076 1,716,118 1,687,655 45,111 48,701 49,754 44,983 2.6 2.9 2.9 2.7

Kansas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,506,563 1,511,087 1,507,786 1,501,833 38,166 32,132 36,930 30,612 2.5 2.1 2.4 2.0

Kentucky. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,034,283 2,029,527 2,030,826 2,019,568 68,575 79,832 66,610 77,502 3.4 3.9 3.3 3.8

Louisiana. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,089,080 2,089,964 2,083,961 2,071,208 66,367 73,233 66,596 78,483 3.2 3.5 3.2 3.8

Maine. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 666,439 694,095 666,164 685,741 19,003 21,942 17,994 23,245 2.9 3.2 2.7 3.4

Maryland. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,156,027 3,190,446 3,163,206 3,175,604 88,603 56,436 79,530 64,387 2.8 1.8 2.5 2.0

Massachusetts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,715,913 3,744,869 3,715,508 3,747,957 120,931 104,563 123,092 130,561 3.3 2.8 3.3 3.5

Michigan. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,825,413 5,077,787 4,820,879 5,007,910 170,445 180,413 181,172 177,226 3.5 3.6 3.8 3.5

Detroit-Warren-Dearborn2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,101,369 2,206,735 2,110,988 2,199,087 65,092 85,499 68,384 72,983 3.1 3.9 3.2 3.3

Minnesota. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,078,424 3,072,985 3,085,422 3,077,287 75,792 58,165 97,776 79,223 2.5 1.9 3.2 2.6

Mississippi. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,236,060 1,224,803 1,236,831 1,226,148 43,490 31,661 41,105 32,428 3.5 2.6 3.3 2.6

Missouri. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,053,880 3,090,934 3,063,184 3,081,975 68,723 88,313 68,213 86,522 2.3 2.9 2.2 2.8

Montana. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 566,024 581,251 565,461 578,459 12,762 17,403 14,453 21,793 2.3 3.0 2.6 3.8

Nebraska. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,057,744 1,056,704 1,056,963 1,048,287 23,789 21,568 24,433 22,850 2.2 2.0 2.3 2.2

Nevada. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,566,809 1,634,406 1,562,272 1,620,298 82,969 79,043 80,095 81,737 5.3 4.8 5.1 5.0

New Hampshire. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 766,352 764,677 767,992 759,646 20,341 19,349 19,214 19,066 2.7 2.5 2.5 2.5

New Jersey. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,761,059 4,813,602 4,775,069 4,819,766 146,522 208,611 148,454 215,650 3.1 4.3 3.1 4.5

New Mexico. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 949,624 979,095 950,456 970,448 29,828 36,546 28,052 35,253 3.1 3.7 3.0 3.6

New York. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9,563,388 9,786,493 9,574,556 9,645,984 365,500 395,592 366,139 426,712 3.8 4.0 3.8 4.4

New York City. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,095,236 4,121,463 4,113,259 4,080,873 206,445 195,078 205,284 207,156 5.0 4.7 5.0 5.1

North Carolina. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,144,500 5,264,056 5,126,883 5,225,936 184,461 177,149 163,788 167,065 3.6 3.4 3.2 3.2

North Dakota. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 410,014 412,196 409,011 409,259 7,086 5,819 8,347 7,131 1.7 1.4 2.0 1.7

Ohio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,700,958 5,809,995 5,698,019 5,741,173 192,853 174,939 197,925 178,534 3.4 3.0 3.5 3.1

Cleveland-Elyria2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,014,043 1,045,531 1,010,141 1,015,339 36,204 28,486 34,491 31,257 3.6 2.7 3.4 3.1

Oklahoma. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,896,655 1,980,598 1,886,457 1,978,615 54,446 64,744 49,524 64,012 2.9 3.3 2.6 3.2

Oregon. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,185,639 2,161,117 2,176,351 2,159,283 99,348 74,807 99,086 83,367 4.5 3.5 4.6 3.9

Pennsylvania. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,454,677 6,550,383 6,452,027 6,493,055 253,823 192,925 247,618 190,448 3.9 2.9 3.8 2.9

Rhode Island. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 566,590 578,755 562,580 574,161 16,872 18,363 13,110 18,979 3.0 3.2 2.3 3.3

South Carolina. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,351,868 2,469,138 2,357,355 2,463,552 66,880 72,408 70,510 75,252 2.8 2.9 3.0 3.1

South Dakota. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 473,627 483,823 472,483 479,519 9,011 8,175 10,256 9,739 1.9 1.7 2.2 2.0

Tennessee. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,308,733 3,395,592 3,300,137 3,392,133 104,278 114,194 96,764 102,515 3.2 3.4 2.9 3.0

Texas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14,765,864 15,276,313 14,773,939 15,147,835 543,279 534,672 513,171 528,483 3.7 3.5 3.5 3.5

Utah. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,762,976 1,821,316 1,761,651 1,809,122 38,865 46,982 37,320 45,679 2.2 2.6 2.1 2.5

Vermont. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 342,596 352,498 342,924 351,165 9,451 7,033 9,179 6,924 2.8 2.0 2.7 2.0

Virginia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,449,271 4,607,249 4,457,897 4,547,751 133,361 133,782 117,355 123,186 3.0 2.9 2.6 2.7

Washington. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,016,778 4,071,955 4,027,238 4,044,730 177,306 172,260 184,170 187,109 4.4 4.2 4.6 4.6

Seattle-Bellevue-Everett1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,767,151 1,831,152 1,779,111 1,806,714 51,678 70,644 53,616 63,178 2.9 3.9 3.0 3.5

West Virginia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 780,781 785,044 776,499 783,556 26,791 28,349 26,253 31,021 3.4 3.6 3.4 4.0

Wisconsin. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,061,150 3,149,521 3,045,784 3,124,860 75,738 86,323 68,255 85,678 2.5 2.7 2.2 2.7

Wyoming. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 293,469 298,574 292,126 292,264 10,434 8,994 10,374 7,416 3.6 3.0 3.6 2.5

Puerto Rico. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,205,411 1,229,111 1,222,390 1,217,808 74,805 70,396 73,342 70,173 6.2 5.7 6.0 5.8

1 Metropolitan division.

2 Metropolitan statistical area.

p Preliminary

NOTE: Data refer to place of residence. Data for Puerto Rico are derived from a monthly household survey similar to the Current Population Survey. Area definitions are based on Office of Management

and Budget Bulletin No. 18-03, dated April 10, 2018, and are available on the BLS website at https://www.bls.gov/lau/lausmsa.htm. Estimates for the latest month are subject to revision the following

month.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

SEASONALLY ADJUSTED

Table 3. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by state and selected industry sector, seasonally adjusted

[In thousands]

State

Total1 Construction Manufacturing

Dec.

2022

Oct.

2023

Nov.

2023

Dec.

2023p

Dec.

2022

Oct.

2023

Nov.

2023

Dec.

2023p

Dec.

2022

Oct.

2023

Nov.

2023

Dec.

2023p

Alabama. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,136.0 2,156.6 2,169.1 2,169.2 100.3 102.2 103.5 102.2 278.6 276.0 278.9 280.5

Alaska. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 325.2 327.4 328.2 329.9 16.4 16.6 16.6 16.6 12.4 11.4 11.7 12.1

Arizona. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,122.6 3,167.2 3,180.1 3,189.3 192.4 200.9 203.7 204.3 196.6 193.9 194.2 194.1

Arkansas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,347.5 1,359.7 1,356.8 1,362.6 59.2 65.5 65.5 66.8 164.0 161.7 160.6 163.0

California. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17,869.1 18,149.2 18,157.3 18,180.7 920.4 939.4 946.1 946.3 1,346.1 1,336.9 1,336.9 1,339.5

Colorado. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,889.9 2,916.2 2,913.7 2,914.0 182.0 178.4 177.5 177.6 154.6 154.9 153.5 152.2

Connecticut. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,673.1 1,698.4 1,698.3 1,695.8 60.4 61.4 60.8 60.0 159.1 158.1 158.4 158.4

Delaware2

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 477.0 486.1 486.3 486.4 24.0 24.4 24.4 24.1 26.4 28.0 27.9 27.8

District of Columbia2

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 770.2 778.6 779.6 780.2 15.2 15.6 15.4 15.1 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0

Florida. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9,620.1 9,817.1 9,844.2 9,860.7 613.0 616.7 622.8 622.6 420.7 422.2 421.8 424.1

Georgia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,857.4 4,938.1 4,957.1 4,955.5 219.3 222.3 222.8 224.0 417.9 417.8 419.8 418.2

Hawaii2

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 626.8 632.1 633.5 633.4 39.2 37.6 37.9 37.8 12.7 12.9 13.0 12.8

Idaho. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 837.4 862.5 862.8 862.4 67.8 70.9 71.5 71.6 71.9 72.2 72.2 72.1

Illinois. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,091.6 6,143.8 6,148.2 6,149.4 233.3 236.9 236.8 237.5 573.0 563.2 568.8 569.2

Indiana. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,222.7 3,282.5 3,283.2 3,284.7 161.0 168.6 168.9 168.9 545.3 539.4 538.7 539.0

Iowa. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,583.0 1,586.8 1,591.1 1,593.2 82.3 82.3 83.9 85.3 224.2 227.9 227.9 229.0

Kansas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,443.5 1,452.4 1,455.2 1,454.9 67.2 69.0 68.9 68.5 173.4 170.0 170.7 170.2

Kentucky. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,975.6 2,033.6 2,026.9 2,022.3 82.5 94.8 94.3 92.6 256.2 261.2 258.7 258.8

Louisiana. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,936.6 1,974.0 1,970.6 1,973.9 131.2 138.5 139.3 139.4 136.1 138.7 138.5 138.4

Maine. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 646.9 651.3 655.3 656.4 32.7 32.2 32.5 32.6 54.6 54.8 54.3 54.5

Maryland. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,722.2 2,762.1 2,757.4 2,754.4 162.2 166.1 167.0 166.8 110.9 108.3 107.6 107.6

Massachusetts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,723.9 3,783.0 3,789.4 3,793.7 171.3 179.8 179.8 180.3 236.2 235.9 236.6 237.1

Michigan. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,389.8 4,416.1 4,426.6 4,435.5 187.5 188.3 187.2 190.5 604.8 596.6 605.1 607.1

Minnesota. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,958.7 3,002.1 3,007.9 3,008.7 129.9 139.7 139.5 140.7 326.8 321.3 322.1 322.0

Mississippi. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,174.3 1,170.4 1,166.3 1,166.5 46.9 46.3 46.1 46.0 148.4 147.2 145.4 144.0

Missouri. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,957.0 2,991.9 2,999.5 3,005.1 136.6 133.8 135.3 136.6 290.3 287.8 290.5 290.9

Montana. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 515.6 521.6 522.2 523.8 37.5 37.6 38.0 38.4 22.7 23.2 23.2 23.2

Nebraska. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,039.1 1,046.8 1,047.8 1,049.5 62.6 61.7 61.7 61.4 104.9 106.6 106.6 106.7

Nevada. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,525.9 1,572.7 1,581.5 1,583.6 112.5 114.4 116.7 117.0 66.7 69.8 71.7 71.4

New Hampshire. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 694.0 703.1 703.0 705.5 30.0 31.3 31.2 31.3 71.6 71.8 72.1 72.6

New Jersey. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,297.4 4,350.3 4,354.8 4,367.0 163.2 163.8 161.7 165.5 252.0 253.8 253.7 254.4

New Mexico. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 854.9 872.2 873.5 875.8 48.9 53.4 53.5 53.9 29.3 29.8 30.2 30.8

New York. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9,660.2 9,720.8 9,724.6 9,732.9 401.5 394.3 389.4 385.9 428.3 421.6 421.0 419.7

North Carolina. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,852.5 4,935.7 4,949.8 4,951.9 252.0 246.4 248.9 248.3 475.4 471.2 471.4 471.4

North Dakota. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 430.4 439.7 439.1 439.7 25.7 24.6 24.5 24.9 27.5 27.7 27.5 27.5

Ohio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,554.7 5,658.6 5,654.1 5,661.1 238.2 252.6 247.2 243.1 689.1 689.2 689.5 690.2

Oklahoma. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,721.9 1,735.4 1,735.8 1,739.8 81.6 83.9 85.7 85.9 135.3 135.4 135.2 136.0

Oregon. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,980.1 2,002.6 1,996.7 2,000.6 119.6 127.9 126.4 127.9 197.7 191.4 190.9 190.9

Pennsylvania. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,071.0 6,167.8 6,176.5 6,182.7 262.4 264.6 263.7 267.4 566.6 563.2 565.2 564.5

Rhode Island. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 497.4 495.0 497.5 499.3 22.4 21.3 21.6 21.7 40.5 40.2 40.2 40.1

South Carolina. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,263.7 2,316.2 2,321.4 2,323.3 109.5 111.6 111.8 110.5 262.5 261.9 261.5 262.4

South Dakota. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 456.9 467.1 469.1 470.7 25.0 28.1 29.0 30.2 45.8 45.8 45.9 46.1

Tennessee. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,288.0 3,311.1 3,309.3 3,310.7 152.5 149.5 149.8 151.0 367.2 369.4 370.1 370.3

Texas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13,733.7 14,068.1 14,084.2 14,103.3 789.2 812.2 819.5 822.0 951.6 976.0 974.7 975.7

Utah. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,695.5 1,733.2 1,729.2 1,727.0 134.7 136.2 136.7 137.2 152.1 152.0 152.5 152.4

Vermont. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 304.6 307.4 307.8 306.0 15.7 15.3 15.4 15.6 28.8 27.8 27.7 27.6

Virginia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,111.9 4,166.2 4,168.8 4,157.0 214.7 213.1 214.3 214.4 245.3 246.7 247.0 247.6

Washington. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,585.5 3,645.6 3,645.9 3,653.6 235.1 234.0 233.1 232.4 271.3 276.5 278.4 279.6

West Virginia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 694.9 706.2 710.2 712.9 32.6 32.4 32.2 33.2 45.7 45.1 45.5 45.5

Wisconsin. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,983.8 3,018.6 3,021.7 3,026.5 132.1 135.4 136.3 137.3 481.7 479.5 480.6 481.1

Wyoming. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 288.4 294.5 296.9 296.5 21.5 22.9 23.3 23.3 10.4 10.5 10.6 10.8

Puerto Rico. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 934.3 956.3 957.2 956.5 33.1 37.1 37.3 37.0 82.9 83.8 83.3 83.7

Virgin Islands2, 3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35.3 35.5 35.4 35.4 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.2 – – – –

1

Includes mining and logging, information, and other services (except public administration), not shown separately.

2 Mining and logging is combined with construction.

3 Missing series (denoted by ’-’) are not published seasonally adjusted because the seasonal component, which is small relative to the trend-cycle and irregular components,

cannot be separated with sufficient precision.

p Preliminary

NOTE: Data are counts of jobs by place of work. Estimates are currently estimated from 2022 benchmark levels. Estimates subsequent to the current benchmarks are

preliminary and will be revised when new information becomes available.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

SEASONALLY ADJUSTED

Table 3. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by state and selected industry sector, seasonally adjusted-Continued

[In thousands]

State

Trade, transportation, and utilities Financial activities Professional and business services

Dec.

2022

Oct.

2023

Nov.

2023

Dec.

2023p

Dec.

2022

Oct.

2023

Nov.

2023

Dec.

2023p

Dec.

2022

Oct.

2023

Nov.

2023

Dec.

2023p

Alabama. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 407.5 411.5 410.8 411.5 102.1 102.6 104.4 106.0 265.1 267.0 268.8 269.1

Alaska. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65.9 65.3 65.3 65.4 11.5 11.6 11.4 11.5 28.9 28.0 27.9 28.1

Arizona. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 603.5 605.8 605.6 606.4 252.0 250.5 251.6 253.6 472.6 471.0 475.3 476.8

Arkansas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 274.6 270.1 269.1 269.2 71.1 70.7 71.2 71.8 150.9 151.4 150.1 149.8

California. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,123.9 3,157.2 3,150.0 3,147.9 849.2 845.8 842.9 841.8 2,909.4 2,887.2 2,877.3 2,873.5

Colorado. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 501.1 493.9 490.6 490.7 179.6 171.4 171.6 171.1 489.8 497.0 496.2 494.7

Connecticut. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 295.7 302.4 301.3 300.7 116.6 114.3 113.9 113.6 218.6 223.1 221.9 220.6

Delaware. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90.7 88.8 88.8 89.2 50.2 50.1 50.2 50.3 66.1 68.5 68.1 67.3

District of Columbia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30.6 30.6 30.3 30.1 27.9 28.3 28.4 28.4 174.5 175.3 175.8 175.3

Florida. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,958.7 2,014.0 2,014.8 2,016.8 672.0 689.3 689.4 689.4 1,614.0 1,637.3 1,638.8 1,640.9

Georgia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,022.5 1,023.1 1,023.1 1,024.4 279.6 282.8 284.5 284.8 780.6 774.6 776.2 772.6

Hawaii. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115.7 115.0 114.8 114.9 27.7 26.8 26.7 26.5 72.0 71.8 72.5 73.1

Idaho. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 161.8 164.6 163.3 163.2 41.7 41.5 41.9 42.0 109.6 112.6 112.3 111.6

Illinois. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,222.7 1,224.9 1,221.1 1,216.2 403.4 413.2 412.9 412.7 973.1 952.4 946.4 947.2

Indiana. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 636.2 640.4 641.8 642.7 150.8 155.5 154.8 154.2 366.7 377.3 375.9 376.5

Iowa. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 311.7 309.5 310.5 309.7 108.7 105.6 106.2 106.3 145.4 138.6 138.0 137.9

Kansas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 274.2 273.8 273.7 273.5 76.3 76.5 76.3 76.2 187.6 184.1 184.4 182.8

Kentucky. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 429.6 433.7 433.1 433.1 95.8 92.5 92.9 93.0 224.6 236.9 231.9 229.0

Louisiana. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 371.8 373.6 370.5 371.4 91.7 95.5 94.9 94.5 218.9 221.7 220.6 220.5

Maine. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121.4 120.4 120.5 120.2 34.6 33.5 33.8 34.1 76.3 77.6 79.5 79.0

Maryland. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 474.7 473.3 472.7 470.1 136.0 133.5 134.3 134.1 471.6 479.1 477.3 478.2

Massachusetts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 570.5 576.8 575.0 574.5 232.5 233.7 235.0 233.6 649.2 653.6 652.2 652.1

Michigan. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 803.8 812.5 813.2 814.3 227.7 228.0 228.1 227.7 658.9 653.1 653.0 651.5

Minnesota. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 529.2 537.7 540.7 542.2 192.9 185.9 185.1 185.2 384.0 383.3 381.4 380.8

Mississippi. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 245.8 243.8 241.6 241.4 44.4 44.6 44.5 44.5 118.0 111.3 110.7 110.3

Missouri. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 558.3 561.1 562.6 564.5 188.4 188.7 188.7 190.1 390.3 391.2 387.0 384.8

Montana. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100.3 100.9 100.7 100.9 29.1 28.8 28.4 28.4 51.4 51.2 50.9 50.9

Nebraska. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 197.7 200.3 199.0 200.3 70.6 69.5 69.3 69.0 122.1 118.4 117.8 117.3

Nevada. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 292.2 296.0 296.0 296.0 76.9 76.5 76.3 76.6 215.3 229.1 229.6 229.8

New Hampshire. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139.1 140.3 139.9 139.7 33.9 34.4 34.2 34.0 99.9 103.5 103.1 103.3

New Jersey. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 921.7 919.7 919.5 921.1 259.0 259.1 259.0 259.0 725.4 718.0 718.5 716.9

New Mexico. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142.2 141.9 142.8 143.4 34.4 33.8 33.5 33.5 118.2 113.0 113.0 113.3

New York. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,479.1 1,455.5 1,444.2 1,439.6 739.0 736.2 735.3 734.4 1,386.2 1,375.8 1,377.7 1,376.0

North Carolina. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 924.9 938.0 935.4 936.2 296.0 297.3 299.5 298.7 742.1 759.4 764.1 765.2

North Dakota. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90.2 92.6 92.4 92.4 24.1 24.3 24.1 23.9 35.6 35.9 35.7 35.7

Ohio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,052.8 1,053.1 1,050.6 1,051.1 321.8 316.0 313.4 312.1 730.4 738.6 738.5 737.2

Oklahoma. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 325.3 321.4 322.4 323.6 81.3 81.7 81.4 80.3 206.0 200.4 196.9 198.0

Oregon. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 368.2 362.9 362.4 362.4 107.0 107.6 106.4 105.7 269.1 273.2 270.3 270.5

Pennsylvania. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,155.7 1,161.9 1,159.0 1,158.4 337.9 341.9 342.4 343.5 857.0 867.6 866.8 865.0

Rhode Island. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77.4 75.1 75.3 74.9 35.6 35.3 35.4 35.5 68.5 67.0 66.9 67.2

South Carolina. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 437.6 445.3 444.0 446.4 119.8 121.0 121.3 121.5 306.4 317.2 316.8 316.4

South Dakota. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90.7 92.4 92.4 92.7 27.9 27.8 27.8 27.7 36.7 38.6 38.5 38.5

Tennessee. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 685.6 680.6 677.8 678.6 175.7 174.9 175.3 174.6 464.6 467.9 462.5 454.7

Texas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,752.3 2,801.8 2,796.3 2,803.4 898.7 928.3 929.1 929.3 2,113.1 2,151.0 2,156.2 2,141.7

Utah. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 315.8 313.3 311.3 310.4 96.4 98.1 98.2 98.7 250.0 251.1 249.6 248.3

Vermont. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52.4 52.2 52.1 51.8 12.2 12.1 12.2 12.2 32.4 32.2 32.2 32.0

Virginia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 667.3 670.7 670.8 668.2 214.2 217.1 217.0 217.0 807.8 812.3 811.1 805.1

Washington. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 616.3 619.3 618.3 617.8 166.5 169.8 169.2 170.3 557.1 559.5 558.4 560.1

West Virginia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 120.8 121.0 120.7 121.0 25.5 25.8 26.0 25.9 70.6 73.2 73.5 73.5

Wisconsin. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 551.8 553.8 553.3 554.4 159.7 161.0 161.5 161.6 326.3 331.8 330.3 328.9

Wyoming. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52.5 52.3 52.5 52.6 11.5 11.6 11.7 11.5 20.9 21.4 21.9 21.8

Puerto Rico. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 185.0 187.4 187.1 187.1 47.1 47.7 48.1 47.6 140.1 140.6 141.2 140.8

Virgin Islands1

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.9 6.8 6.9 6.9 – – – – – – – –

1 Missing series (denoted by ’-’) are not published seasonally adjusted because the seasonal component, which is small relative to the trend-cycle and irregular

components, cannot be separated with sufficient precision.

p Preliminary

NOTE: Data are counts of jobs by place of work. Estimates are currently estimated from 2022 benchmark levels. Estimates subsequent to the current benchmarks are

preliminary and will be revised when new information becomes available.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

SEASONALLY ADJUSTED

Table 3. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by state and selected industry sector, seasonally adjusted-Continued

[In thousands]

State

Education and health services Leisure and hospitality Government

Dec.

2022

Oct.

2023

Nov.

2023

Dec.

2023p

Dec.

2022

Oct.

2023

Nov.

2023

Dec.

2023p

Dec.

2022

Oct.

2023

Nov.

2023

Dec.

2023p

Alabama. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 251.8 259.0 264.4 261.2 202.6 203.8 203.1 202.2 395.4 400.6 401.0 402.0

Alaska. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50.4 52.2 52.3 52.4 35.3 36.6 37.0 37.3 77.7 78.5 78.6 78.9

Arizona. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 495.3 511.8 513.7 515.6 342.0 346.3 348.3 349.1 406.8 429.1 429.4 430.4

Arkansas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 202.6 208.4 208.7 210.6 125.6 130.7 131.1 130.1 208.5 210.6 209.9 210.1

California. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,012.0 3,138.3 3,149.7 3,162.9 1,990.0 2,075.5 2,082.0 2,089.1 2,515.2 2,585.7 2,585.3 2,593.4

Colorado. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 352.8 361.3 361.9 362.6 350.2 361.2 361.7 362.1 456.9 475.2 477.9 479.9

Connecticut. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 347.6 357.6 358.5 356.5 153.0 154.0 155.3 156.5 228.9 232.3 233.2 233.6

Delaware. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79.2 81.5 81.9 82.3 50.3 54.0 54.3 54.3 67.6 69.7 69.5 69.8

District of Columbia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123.1 124.8 126.0 126.3 74.0 76.7 76.3 77.3 234.5 234.3 234.3 233.9

Florida. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,437.3 1,507.9 1,517.4 1,516.8 1,289.0 1,297.1 1,302.7 1,307.5 1,103.2 1,120.7 1,120.2 1,122.3

Georgia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 642.1 674.6 677.4 677.0 503.0 532.6 537.1 535.9 683.0 698.7 701.8 704.1

Hawaii. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87.1 89.1 89.2 89.0 115.5 118.8 119.5 119.6 121.1 124.4 124.3 124.3

Idaho. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123.7 132.4 133.3 133.2 91.5 92.2 92.0 91.8 128.3 133.7 134.0 134.5

Illinois. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 951.1 975.9 979.3 981.0 585.5 599.3 600.0 603.3 796.4 827.3 830.8 831.9

Indiana. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 481.5 491.9 493.4 493.8 309.6 321.9 320.5 318.9 409.6 423.9 424.5 426.2

Iowa. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 233.3 239.9 241.4 241.4 140.9 141.8 141.9 142.7 258.5 262.3 262.3 262.2

Kansas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 205.0 210.4 211.3 212.3 133.3 133.6 134.3 135.3 251.9 259.0 259.7 260.1

Kentucky. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 291.9 307.4 308.1 306.3 197.4 200.5 200.5 200.0 299.9 307.1 308.1 309.6

Louisiana. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 330.0 338.3 339.4 341.3 218.9 219.2 219.6 220.5 313.2 319.9 319.6 320.3

Maine. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 127.5 131.5 132.4 133.4 67.0 68.1 68.7 69.0 100.5 101.4 101.4 101.1

Maryland. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 453.2 466.2 465.5 465.1 253.7 259.1 256.5 254.7 517.2 530.7 530.7 531.0

Massachusetts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 815.0 846.3 847.2 850.7 356.5 360.7 363.0 363.1 457.0 457.8 460.4 460.8

Michigan. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 671.8 685.3 687.0 686.6 409.9 409.8 408.9 412.6 599.0 616.3 617.7 618.2

Minnesota. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 557.7 577.6 580.6 579.0 268.4 272.8 274.2 276.0 411.1 423.6 424.1 422.4

Mississippi. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 147.6 155.6 156.5 157.9 133.6 131.5 131.8 132.8 233.2 234.9 234.6 234.4

Missouri. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 492.7 507.9 509.1 509.7 303.4 314.7 317.5 317.6 427.3 435.1 437.3 438.7

Montana. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82.1 84.0 84.7 85.0 71.2 73.8 74.4 75.2 89.7 89.6 89.3 89.8

Nebraska. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 158.0 162.2 164.3 165.1 93.8 96.6 97.1 97.4 171.6 173.0 173.5 173.8

Nevada. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 162.9 169.7 170.6 170.7 352.6 363.5 366.3 368.6 170.1 177.3 177.1 177.2

New Hampshire. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124.3 127.0 127.1 127.5 71.7 70.6 71.5 72.6 86.2 87.5 87.3 87.8

New Jersey. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 756.5 790.5 794.8 799.1 387.5 398.1 399.8 401.4 583.3 598.2 599.2 600.5

New Mexico. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142.4 147.9 148.5 148.5 96.2 100.9 101.2 100.8 181.1 188.4 188.8 188.3

New York. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,178.2 2,276.2 2,290.2 2,300.9 906.0 928.7 931.6 937.9 1,445.8 1,465.4 1,468.9 1,471.4

North Carolina. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 661.3 692.1 694.8 696.3 520.1 535.2 538.6 541.1 717.2 731.2 733.4 734.2

North Dakota. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67.6 69.0 69.4 69.3 39.4 40.6 40.6 40.9 82.5 84.2 84.2 84.3

Ohio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 914.0 957.9 962.4 967.2 553.4 578.0 577.1 582.3 764.7 776.5 776.1 778.1

Oklahoma. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 245.5 250.3 252.0 254.5 178.9 183.9 184.5 184.2 350.8 362.4 362.6 362.0

Oregon. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 307.2 315.7 318.8 321.0 204.5 208.1 207.0 206.9 300.7 308.5 308.9 309.0

Pennsylvania. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,288.3 1,332.5 1,341.9 1,346.7 548.3 567.8 568.4 569.7 681.3 686.8 687.2 688.1

Rhode Island. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104.5 107.4 108.6 109.4 56.7 56.6 57.0 57.6 63.7 65.3 65.1 65.6

South Carolina. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 272.0 286.0 287.3 287.2 268.9 278.0 281.6 279.7 368.0 376.0 376.5 377.0

South Dakota. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76.1 78.9 79.1 78.5 50.1 49.1 49.7 49.5 80.1 81.8 81.9 82.2

Tennessee. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 458.2 471.8 473.3 477.3 353.1 355.5 357.3 359.0 441.7 450.9 452.4 454.3

Texas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,850.6 1,919.5 1,925.4 1,932.2 1,452.1 1,473.6 1,475.5 1,482.3 2,017.2 2,067.6 2,069.8 2,072.0

Utah. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 226.7 236.2 235.2 236.2 161.2 175.8 174.9 172.1 257.0 264.0 264.2 264.9

Vermont. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62.3 62.1 62.4 62.5 32.1 34.3 34.1 33.0 53.4 56.5 56.7 56.4

Virginia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 567.8 583.8 585.1 588.3 401.4 408.4 408.6 409.1 720.4 741.0 742.4 736.2

Washington. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 524.0 557.3 557.6 558.2 339.1 349.9 352.1 354.7 574.7 584.0 585.2 586.3

West Virginia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 128.8 131.5 133.1 133.4 68.9 68.9 70.0 71.1 148.6 152.3 153.0 153.4

Wisconsin. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 464.2 475.9 476.6 477.8 271.1 276.8 279.3 278.6 399.4 406.5 404.6 407.7

Wyoming. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29.5 30.9 30.9 30.8 38.3 40.1 41.2 40.6 67.8 68.5 68.8 68.9

Puerto Rico. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122.6 126.0 126.7 127.0 89.2 95.7 96.2 96.6 198.4 201.4 201.0 200.3

Virgin Islands. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 6.1 6.2 6.1 6.1 11.0 11.1 11.1 11.0

p Preliminary

NOTE: Data are counts of jobs by place of work. Estimates are currently estimated from 2022 benchmark levels. Estimates subsequent to the current benchmarks are

preliminary and will be revised when new information becomes available.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED

Table 4. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by state and selected industry sector, not seasonally adjusted

[In thousands]

State

Total Mining and logging Construction

November December November December November December

2022 2023 2022 2023p2022 2023 2022 2023p2022 2023 2022 2023p

Alabama. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,147.4 2,184.2 2,146.4 2,184.5 9.1 8.4 8.8 8.2 100.6 104.8 100.7 104.1

Alaska. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 313.6 316.7 311.1 317.0 10.6 10.6 10.9 10.7 15.8 15.7 14.6 15.4

Arizona. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,169.0 3,230.3 3,173.6 3,238.4 13.2 14.4 13.3 14.4 198.5 205.1 192.5 204.5

Arkansas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,354.9 1,365.6 1,354.5 1,369.0 5.0 4.9 5.1 5.0 58.3 66.0 59.1 66.7

California. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18,070.9 18,328.6 18,010.9 18,333.5 19.9 20.1 19.9 19.8 912.0 948.3 909.6 941.5

Colorado. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,887.7 2,917.8 2,902.4 2,930.9 21.4 22.1 21.7 22.2 182.9 177.7 178.6 175.6

Connecticut. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,694.5 1,719.6 1,683.8 1,708.2 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 62.7 62.6 59.8 59.6

Delaware1

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 479.7 488.8 478.3 487.9 – – – – 24.1 24.8 23.8 24.1

District of Columbia1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 775.7 783.7 772.9 783.1 – – – – 15.2 15.3 15.2 14.9

Florida. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9,677.4 9,948.7 9,705.3 9,972.8 5.7 5.9 5.8 5.9 609.8 626.4 610.8 625.5

Georgia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,886.9 4,998.0 4,885.5 4,991.1 10.0 10.0 9.8 10.1 218.3 223.3 218.7 224.6

Hawaii1

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 633.5 637.9 636.5 642.7 – – – – 38.6 38.0 39.4 38.4

Idaho. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 838.2 865.1 835.1 859.4 4.2 4.2 4.1 4.1 67.9 71.9 65.3 70.1

Illinois. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,158.0 6,219.0 6,125.3 6,181.6 7.0 7.1 7.1 6.9 240.2 244.7 225.6 231.4

Indiana. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,262.6 3,316.8 3,246.9 3,309.9 5.8 5.9 5.9 6.0 161.9 169.4 159.3 166.8

Iowa. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,598.3 1,608.2 1,588.9 1,597.8 2.4 2.3 2.3 2.3 86.1 87.1 79.1 81.8

Kansas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,452.3 1,471.1 1,449.6 1,464.9 6.3 6.5 6.5 6.5 65.8 68.9 66.0 67.6

Kentucky. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,999.9 2,047.1 1,992.1 2,039.0 8.5 8.8 8.6 8.9 84.4 95.8 81.8 92.0

Louisiana. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,951.8 1,989.3 1,952.5 1,989.4 31.6 33.2 31.7 33.6 130.4 139.6 132.0 139.6

Maine. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 644.2 655.4 640.1 651.8 2.1 2.2 2.1 2.2 32.9 33.2 32.2 32.0

Maryland. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,738.0 2,778.5 2,746.6 2,775.0 1.4 1.3 1.4 1.4 161.4 167.5 162.3 166.8

Massachusetts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,741.1 3,815.6 3,724.3 3,801.8 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 173.8 183.6 170.4 179.1

Michigan. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,429.7 4,457.6 4,401.2 4,442.4 7.4 7.7 7.2 7.6 190.7 189.8 182.3 185.4

Minnesota. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,984.7 3,029.0 2,953.0 3,004.0 6.4 6.6 6.3 6.6 134.4 140.2 122.3 133.1

Mississippi. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,185.3 1,178.8 1,178.4 1,175.1 6.0 6.0 6.1 5.9 47.1 46.3 46.7 46.5

Missouri. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,977.8 3,020.9 2,966.4 3,017.4 4.5 4.7 4.5 4.8 141.8 136.4 134.8 135.4

Montana. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 511.8 520.6 512.5 521.9 6.6 6.8 6.6 6.6 37.6 38.7 36.4 37.6

Nebraska. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,043.9 1,055.2 1,043.1 1,054.4 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 61.4 62.4 61.1 60.9

Nevada. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,535.2 1,595.6 1,533.6 1,587.9 15.1 15.5 15.2 15.5 110.9 116.5 111.5 115.5

New Hampshire. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 696.7 704.7 693.0 706.3 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.9 30.8 31.5 29.8 30.8

New Jersey. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,326.0 4,391.8 4,334.3 4,399.1 1.7 1.8 1.7 1.8 165.7 164.2 162.7 165.3

New Mexico. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 862.5 879.6 859.1 879.6 23.0 23.7 22.6 24.1 49.3 52.9 48.3 53.2

New York. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9,727.8 9,822.4 9,738.8 9,818.4 5.6 5.5 5.5 5.5 402.6 394.1 395.5 383.9

North Carolina. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,890.6 4,991.5 4,891.3 4,983.2 5.6 5.7 5.4 5.6 250.1 250.6 251.3 247.9

North Dakota. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 434.0 441.9 429.5 440.5 17.2 19.9 17.2 19.5 26.9 24.6 23.7 23.0

Ohio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,602.4 5,702.7 5,576.0 5,684.1 9.0 9.7 9.0 9.5 241.6 251.8 232.5 237.3

Oklahoma. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,732.3 1,750.6 1,729.8 1,752.9 31.1 31.5 31.6 31.9 81.1 86.4 80.6 86.4

Oregon. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,988.1 2,005.2 1,986.4 2,007.2 6.4 6.5 6.2 6.6 118.0 126.4 116.8 124.9

Pennsylvania. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,105.5 6,240.1 6,107.8 6,220.8 23.2 23.5 22.7 22.9 262.2 265.5 255.5 261.4

Rhode Island. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 501.9 500.6 497.3 500.9 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 22.7 22.2 22.1 21.6

South Carolina. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,280.9 2,338.2 2,275.5 2,338.3 4.6 4.5 4.5 4.6 110.0 112.4 109.4 110.9

South Dakota. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 457.9 469.6 455.1 468.9 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 26.8 29.1 24.1 28.4

Tennessee. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,318.8 3,344.6 3,315.3 3,343.1 4.5 4.3 4.5 4.4 152.3 150.6 151.7 151.2

Texas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13,822.2 14,230.2 13,834.3 14,232.2 210.7 222.7 210.9 226.6 792.1 828.4 790.1 826.0

Utah. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,709.4 1,744.5 1,705.8 1,734.7 10.5 10.4 10.1 10.5 135.9 139.1 132.7 136.1

Vermont. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 306.5 310.3 310.2 310.7 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.7 16.0 15.9 15.2 15.3

Virginia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,145.6 4,205.0 4,134.3 4,180.0 7.2 7.1 7.1 7.0 212.1 214.9 213.0 214.0

Washington. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,587.6 3,647.7 3,584.6 3,652.2 5.8 5.7 5.7 5.7 238.4 231.4 232.1 226.8

West Virginia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 709.1 717.3 698.8 716.9 20.5 22.0 20.9 21.8 33.2 34.1 32.9 34.0

Wisconsin. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,007.0 3,041.9 2,984.7 3,029.3 3.8 3.8 3.7 3.8 135.9 139.2 127.6 133.2

Wyoming. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 284.8 294.3 286.7 295.0 17.1 16.7 16.9 16.7 21.7 23.5 20.8 22.7

Puerto Rico. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 943.5 966.9 950.2 973.0 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.7 33.9 37.6 34.3 37.6

Virgin Islands1

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35.0 35.4 35.3 35.4 – – – – 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.2

1 Mining and logging is combined with construction.

p Preliminary

NOTE: Data are counts of jobs by place of work. Estimates are currently estimated from 2022 benchmark levels. Estimates subsequent to the current benchmarks are

preliminary and will be revised when new information becomes available.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED

Table 4. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by state and selected industry sector, not seasonally adjustedContinued

[In thousands]

State

Manufacturing Trade, transportation, and utilities Information

November December November December November December

2022 2023 2022 2023p

2022 2023 2022 2023p2022 2023 2022 2023p

Alabama. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 277.9 278.6 278.9 281.4 413.1 417.5 416.5 421.1 23.1 23.2 22.8 23.5

Alaska. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.4 7.4 6.4 6.7 64.1 63.8 64.4 64.3 4.7 4.8 4.8 4.7

Arizona. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 196.0 194.5 197.2 194.6 616.6 622.8 621.6 626.1 51.3 48.8 51.6 48.7

Arkansas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 163.3 160.3 163.8 162.6 278.0 272.3 280.1 274.0 12.9 11.5 12.8 11.5

California. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,349.4 1,338.0 1,341.3 1,334.6 3,204.8 3,221.0 3,219.4 3,236.7 613.4 579.6 609.1 574.8

Colorado. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 153.7 153.8 154.5 152.5 507.6 498.2 515.1 505.2 78.3 76.5 77.7 76.1

Connecticut. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 158.8 158.6 159.1 159.2 300.7 309.3 305.3 311.8 31.6 31.7 31.2 31.3

Delaware. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26.4 27.9 26.2 27.7 92.8 90.7 94.2 92.6 3.7 3.5 3.7 3.5

District of Columbia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 31.6 31.1 31.1 30.8 21.1 21.0 21.1 21.1

Florida. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 421.4 423.5 420.9 426.0 1,988.7 2,057.8 2,009.9 2,077.9 158.1 155.4 157.2 157.5

Georgia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 415.0 419.9 419.3 420.0 1,045.3 1,039.6 1,049.5 1,047.8 132.2 129.8 128.8 129.4

Hawaii. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12.7 13.1 12.8 13.0 117.4 116.3 119.1 118.2 8.8 8.9 8.9 8.8

Idaho. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72.9 72.6 72.0 72.2 163.4 165.0 164.5 166.0 9.4 9.9 9.3 10.1

Illinois. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 573.6 570.1 573.8 571.6 1,240.8 1,247.0 1,255.1 1,250.1 96.3 90.4 95.4 88.7

Indiana. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 544.2 538.7 546.4 539.7 647.5 656.2 651.5 660.7 27.1 25.5 26.8 25.5

Iowa. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 224.5 227.5 224.3 228.6 316.7 315.0 318.8 316.5 19.0 19.6 19.3 20.0

Kansas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 174.1 171.2 174.2 170.8 277.1 278.5 280.2 279.8 18.3 18.6 18.1 18.8

Kentucky. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 256.9 259.0 257.9 260.8 435.6 441.0 441.9 444.8 22.0 22.0 22.2 21.8

Louisiana. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 136.8 139.0 137.5 139.1 379.6 376.5 379.6 379.4 23.8 24.1 23.1 23.2

Maine. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55.4 55.3 54.8 55.2 121.6 122.1 123.9 122.8 8.1 7.7 7.9 7.8

Maryland. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112.2 108.3 112.1 108.5 482.9 481.6 492.0 485.3 34.7 34.2 34.7 33.9

Massachusetts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 237.0 236.5 236.5 237.3 575.3 583.2 583.4 588.7 99.0 98.0 97.9 98.5

Michigan. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 606.7 606.0 608.0 610.0 816.9 822.5 819.1 828.3 57.1 57.6 57.8 57.9

Minnesota. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 328.2 323.1 324.3 320.4 535.5 550.1 540.2 554.2 46.8 45.1 47.0 45.1

Mississippi. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 147.3 145.5 148.5 144.9 249.8 246.6 251.4 247.7 10.4 10.1 10.4 10.0

Missouri. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 288.6 291.0 290.4 291.7 566.5 573.2 572.9 580.4 49.0 47.3 48.7 47.9

Montana. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22.9 23.4 23.0 23.4 101.1 101.8 102.0 102.7 5.7 5.6 5.6 5.5

Nebraska. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104.7 106.7 105.2 107.1 201.8 202.4 202.6 205.0 18.2 18.6 18.2 18.6

Nevada. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66.1 70.9 66.5 71.0 298.2 303.2 300.7 305.0 18.7 18.5 18.7 18.1

New Hampshire. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70.8 71.9 71.4 72.7 140.2 141.3 141.5 142.5 11.8 11.3 11.8 11.2

New Jersey. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 251.0 253.4 252.4 254.9 936.5 939.2 949.4 948.8 76.4 77.7 76.4 77.0

New Mexico. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29.4 30.3 29.2 30.7 144.9 145.1 145.3 146.5 11.2 10.3 11.1 10.4

New York. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 428.5 421.4 428.0 419.6 1,508.6 1,474.5 1,528.5 1,484.7 297.1 270.5 298.6 272.2

North Carolina. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 478.3 472.9 477.8 472.1 939.0 951.6 950.4 962.3 84.2 84.2 84.8 83.9

North Dakota. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27.5 27.7 27.5 27.5 91.2 93.7 91.2 93.8 5.7 5.4 5.7 5.5

Ohio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 684.1 688.2 690.9 691.8 1,074.9 1,072.3 1,080.2 1,081.0 68.9 67.9 69.2 68.0

Oklahoma. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 136.2 135.9 135.5 136.8 328.5 328.2 331.6 331.9 18.1 17.0 18.1 16.7

Oregon. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 194.9 190.8 196.1 190.1 376.3 369.1 378.7 372.9 37.5 34.8 37.5 34.9

Pennsylvania. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 567.1 566.5 569.1 566.8 1,173.7 1,182.6 1,191.8 1,191.8 94.3 97.5 95.5 97.4

Rhode Island. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40.5 40.3 40.6 40.3 78.3 76.4 79.3 77.0 5.9 5.6 5.9 5.5

South Carolina. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 263.2 261.9 264.2 263.4 441.0 449.0 447.9 458.2 31.2 31.5 31.6 32.0

South Dakota. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45.2 45.8 45.8 46.2 91.5 93.1 92.1 93.8 5.3 5.1 5.3 5.2

Tennessee. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 369.3 370.7 367.7 371.6 693.3 692.0 702.5 697.8 56.7 56.8 56.8 56.4

Texas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 944.8 976.1 954.7 980.0 2,798.2 2,854.9 2,815.8 2,878.4 237.0 242.3 239.2 241.7

Utah. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 151.7 152.3 151.4 151.6 322.2 318.0 324.6 319.1 45.4 48.2 45.9 48.8

Vermont. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29.2 27.9 29.1 27.8 52.6 52.5 53.7 53.3 4.6 4.5 4.5 4.5

Virginia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 246.3 247.5 246.1 249.3 678.8 683.7 687.9 688.6 71.1 71.4 71.5 71.1

Washington. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 272.0 277.8 269.8 278.3 623.4 627.0 628.7 630.7 172.4 162.2 172.7 163.5

West Virginia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46.1 45.7 45.7 45.5 123.4 123.4 124.7 124.1 7.8 7.8 7.8 7.8

Wisconsin. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 484.7 481.1 482.8 482.2 561.6 561.1 562.5 564.1 47.9 44.1 46.4 43.8

Wyoming. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10.4 10.6 10.5 10.9 52.3 52.9 52.9 53.3 3.1 3.1 3.1 3.0

Puerto Rico. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83.6 83.9 83.6 84.6 187.7 190.0 190.1 193.0 16.5 16.5 16.5 16.7

Virgin Islands. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 6.9 6.9 6.9 6.9 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5

p Preliminary

NOTE: Data are counts of jobs by place of work. Estimates are currently estimated from 2022 benchmark levels. Estimates subsequent to the current benchmarks are

preliminary and will be revised when new information becomes available.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED

Table 4. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by state and selected industry sector, not seasonally adjustedContinued

[In thousands]

State

Financial activities Professional and business services Education and health services

November December November December November December

2022 2023 2022 2023p

2022 2023 2022 2023p2022 2023 2022 2023p

Alabama. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102.4 104.9 102.1 106.2 269.0 271.3 267.1 270.2 253.0 267.1 252.2 262.9

Alaska. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.2 11.3 11.4 11.4 27.8 27.1 27.9 27.1 50.5 52.4 50.2 52.3

Arizona. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 251.5 252.6 254.5 256.4 476.4 485.6 483.4 485.6 496.3 520.0 501.2 522.5

Arkansas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71.1 71.0 71.2 71.9 152.5 151.5 150.8 150.3 204.1 210.4 203.0 212.2

California. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 852.9 846.1 854.4 846.3 2,935.3 2,905.2 2,931.7 2,902.2 3,029.7 3,169.8 3,027.6 3,181.8

Colorado. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 179.9 171.4 181.1 173.9 487.4 497.5 489.3 493.6 356.2 364.0 353.0 364.4

Connecticut. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116.8 114.0 116.7 114.0 223.5 224.1 218.4 221.1 351.7 364.4 351.4 359.0

Delaware. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49.7 50.1 50.1 50.6 67.4 68.8 66.2 66.8 80.4 82.4 79.5 83.2

District of Columbia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27.6 28.3 27.9 28.3 176.1 175.9 175.4 175.2 124.9 128.5 124.5 128.0

Florida. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 675.9 695.5 675.5 694.5 1,617.3 1,650.9 1,622.8 1,653.9 1,441.4 1,533.3 1,448.6 1,526.3

Georgia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 276.9 286.3 279.4 287.1 785.6 784.9 780.5 777.6 646.2 683.3 644.9 680.1

Hawaii. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27.9 26.9 28.0 26.8 71.5 72.3 72.6 73.4 88.3 90.4 87.8 89.9

Idaho. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41.1 41.7 42.0 42.1 107.8 112.6 108.6 110.3 124.0 134.3 124.1 133.4

Illinois. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 405.6 413.7 403.6 412.6 992.9 962.7 979.2 951.0 957.0 991.2 955.5 986.7

Indiana. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 151.2 155.6 151.0 154.6 379.8 380.5 370.4 379.1 486.6 498.9 483.2 496.4

Iowa. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107.7 106.2 108.8 106.4 146.5 139.1 145.4 137.8 235.3 245.3 236.3 244.7

Kansas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75.9 76.7 76.7 76.6 188.5 186.5 186.7 183.2 204.4 212.4 204.4 213.4

Kentucky. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96.2 92.8 96.2 93.1 231.5 235.4 228.1 233.5 294.0 310.4 293.0 308.1

Louisiana. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91.7 95.1 91.9 94.6 221.9 224.4 219.2 221.7 331.4 341.4 332.1 342.8

Maine. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34.4 33.8 34.6 34.2 77.1 79.8 75.6 78.2 128.5 133.9 128.5 134.8

Maryland. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 137.1 135.3 136.0 134.5 472.3 479.0 473.5 480.2 456.4 471.3 457.9 470.1

Massachusetts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 230.2 234.3 231.8 233.3 649.9 656.3 645.6 650.5 829.1 859.8 819.2 856.0

Michigan. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 228.7 227.1 227.1 226.6 664.2 658.2 659.0 650.4 674.6 693.8 676.8 691.0

Minnesota. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 192.7 184.9 193.3 185.2 395.8 385.5 383.5 378.5 558.4 585.8 559.4 581.8

Mississippi. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44.4 44.5 44.2 44.4 121.1 114.2 119.3 112.7 150.5 158.7 147.8 159.2

Missouri. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 187.7 188.2 188.9 190.5 391.0 389.2 390.0 383.4 496.9 516.0 493.4 511.1

Montana. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28.8 28.6 29.3 28.7 50.4 50.9 50.8 50.5 82.1 85.0 82.6 85.5

Nebraska. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70.1 69.5 71.0 69.3 122.3 117.9 121.3 117.5 158.9 165.3 158.5 166.1

Nevada. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76.6 76.3 77.1 77.0 220.6 235.2 215.8 228.7 164.3 172.0 163.2 170.8

New Hampshire. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34.4 34.3 33.9 34.0 99.2 103.5 99.5 103.1 126.3 128.9 124.2 128.0

New Jersey. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 260.4 258.3 260.3 259.1 737.9 729.7 733.8 723.9 758.7 800.9 762.3 804.7

New Mexico. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34.8 33.7 34.5 33.5 119.1 113.4 118.7 113.6 143.8 149.7 143.2 149.5

New York. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 738.0 736.3 741.8 736.7 1,392.2 1,389.7 1,396.9 1,381.3 2,204.0 2,329.5 2,206.9 2,333.5

North Carolina. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 295.2 299.1 295.1 297.8 749.9 770.9 741.2 763.6 668.0 698.8 667.5 699.7

North Dakota. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24.2 24.2 24.3 23.9 35.7 35.7 34.9 35.2 67.8 69.9 67.5 69.7

Ohio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 322.7 312.3 322.2 312.2 747.1 748.5 731.6 739.6 922.5 974.7 920.8 973.9

Oklahoma. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81.9 82.3 82.3 81.2 206.9 197.9 201.8 196.9 246.8 253.6 247.1 255.5

Oregon. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106.6 106.1 107.3 105.9 270.1 270.8 269.8 270.2 309.7 321.0 308.3 322.3

Pennsylvania. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 337.6 342.6 338.3 343.9 859.3 878.2 855.2 865.5 1,303.2 1,365.0 1,298.7 1,359.5

Rhode Island. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35.6 35.4 35.5 35.4 69.3 68.1 68.8 68.1 106.9 110.2 105.1 110.8

South Carolina. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119.2 121.3 119.7 121.3 314.8 323.3 307.5 320.9 274.2 290.8 273.8 288.9

South Dakota. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28.1 27.8 28.1 28.0 36.7 38.6 36.5 38.2 76.5 79.8 76.5 78.9

Tennessee. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 175.9 174.8 175.8 173.7 474.8 468.6 469.0 461.1 462.2 477.3 461.3 480.6

Texas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 897.0 929.7 903.9 931.4 2,130.9 2,190.4 2,119.5 2,158.8 1,850.7 1,940.0 1,860.6 1,940.6

Utah. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97.5 98.3 96.7 98.7 248.8 251.0 249.0 247.8 231.0 239.6 229.0 238.8

Vermont. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12.1 12.2 12.1 12.2 32.5 32.6 32.7 32.2 62.0 63.6 63.3 63.5

Virginia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 213.8 217.0 214.5 217.1 813.3 816.1 807.8 806.9 574.6 592.2 570.0 591.2

Washington. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 166.4 169.5 165.9 169.8 554.7 558.6 554.2 559.1 527.4 559.9 525.3 558.7

West Virginia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25.5 26.1 25.4 26.0 71.1 73.7 69.7 73.2 129.4 133.8 129.5 134.0

Wisconsin. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 158.5 161.1 159.7 161.6 328.5 332.2 324.5 327.1 464.1 479.5 466.5 480.2

Wyoming. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.7 11.6 11.6 11.6 20.6 21.9 20.7 21.3 29.6 31.1 29.5 31.0

Puerto Rico. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47.0 48.3 47.3 48.0 141.7 142.8 142.9 143.7 123.9 128.1 125.0 129.4

Virgin Islands. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.8 2.8 2.8 2.8 2.8 2.4 2.5 2.5 2.5

p Preliminary

NOTE: Data are counts of jobs by place of work. Estimates are currently estimated from 2022 benchmark levels. Estimates subsequent to the current benchmarks are

preliminary and will be revised when new information becomes available.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED

Table 4. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by state and selected industry sector, not seasonally adjustedContinued

[In thousands]

State

Leisure and hospitality Other services Government

November December November December November December

2022 2023 2022 2023p

2022 2023 2022 2023p2022 2023 2022 2023p

Alabama. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 199.4 199.7 198.0 198.8 100.6 102.9 100.7 102.6 399.2 405.8 398.6 405.5

Alaska. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31.6 32.2 30.8 32.4 10.9 11.5 10.9 11.8 79.0 79.9 78.8 80.2

Arizona. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 341.1 348.7 342.3 348.7 99.7 95.8 97.9 97.0 428.4 442.0 418.1 439.9

Arkansas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124.1 129.7 122.5 126.0 72.8 73.9 73.5 74.7 212.8 214.1 212.6 214.1

California. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,985.2 2,079.6 1,981.9 2,080.7 574.2 595.5 573.5 593.0 2,594.1 2,625.4 2,542.5 2,622.1

Colorado. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 333.3 348.1 348.5 360.0 121.5 123.4 123.0 124.2 465.5 485.1 459.9 483.2

Connecticut. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 149.3 151.2 147.2 150.1 61.1 62.8 61.0 63.9 237.8 240.4 233.2 237.7

Delaware. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47.6 51.9 46.9 50.6 18.8 17.6 18.5 17.7 68.8 71.1 69.2 71.1

District of Columbia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74.4 76.8 73.4 77.5 68.3 71.2 68.4 72.0 235.5 234.6 234.9 234.3

Florida. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,287.3 1,301.1 1,283.6 1,307.2 349.2 355.7 350.1 359.2 1,122.6 1,143.2 1,120.1 1,138.9

Georgia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 499.0 534.2 497.3 530.4 167.5 176.0 167.6 174.7 690.9 710.7 689.7 709.3

Hawaii. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118.5 118.6 116.3 120.0 26.8 26.9 27.0 26.7 123.0 126.5 124.6 127.5

Idaho. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88.6 89.2 89.2 89.0 28.0 28.1 27.4 27.7 130.9 135.6 128.6 134.4

Illinois. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 577.5 590.3 571.6 587.9 251.1 254.4 250.0 254.5 816.0 847.4 808.4 840.2

Indiana. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 305.3 315.4 302.4 310.7 129.0 133.2 128.6 132.0 424.2 437.5 421.4 438.4

Iowa. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 137.3 139.1 135.1 136.9 56.5 57.3 56.4 56.5 266.3 269.7 263.1 266.3

Kansas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 132.1 133.4 130.9 133.5 50.6 51.1 50.0 50.6 259.2 267.3 255.9 264.1

Kentucky. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 195.1 198.8 190.6 193.1 67.1 68.8 66.8 69.1 308.6 314.3 305.0 313.8

Louisiana. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 217.9 219.9 218.4 220.9 69.1 71.3 69.8 70.2 317.6 324.8 317.2 324.3

Maine. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58.9 60.9 57.4 60.3 22.3 22.2 22.3 22.5 102.9 104.3 100.8 101.8

Maryland. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 249.2 251.4 245.6 245.4 104.5 109.2 106.3 110.7 525.9 539.4 524.8 538.2

Massachusetts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 341.2 349.9 337.5 345.9 134.7 139.9 135.1 140.5 469.9 473.1 465.9 471.0

Michigan. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 402.2 395.8 392.8 395.5 161.1 161.4 158.9 159.2 620.1 637.7 612.2 630.5

Minnesota. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 255.8 264.7 256.1 264.9 106.6 108.4 105.2 108.3 424.1 434.6 415.4 425.9

Mississippi. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 132.9 130.2 131.7 130.4 39.3 39.0 39.7 39.3 236.5 237.7 232.6 234.1

Missouri. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 300.4 311.5 292.1 307.1 115.5 119.6 116.7 119.4 435.9 443.8 434.0 445.7

Montana. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66.0 69.2 67.0 71.5 19.0 19.9 19.0 19.3 91.6 90.7 90.2 90.6

Nebraska. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93.1 95.4 91.3 93.6 38.2 38.9 38.4 39.0 174.2 177.1 174.5 176.3

Nevada. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 350.0 364.6 349.7 364.6 42.5 43.2 42.1 41.6 172.2 179.7 173.1 180.1

New Hampshire. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68.1 67.0 66.9 68.4 24.6 24.2 24.2 23.9 89.5 89.9 88.9 90.8

New Jersey. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 372.8 383.8 368.9 381.5 170.0 170.2 170.8 170.0 594.9 612.6 595.6 612.1

New Mexico. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93.1 98.7 94.7 99.1 28.5 28.3 27.9 28.2 185.4 193.5 183.6 190.8

New York. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 897.1 919.6 886.0 919.9 388.4 394.1 391.1 390.7 1,465.7 1,487.2 1,460.0 1,490.4

North Carolina. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 509.6 531.3 510.0 529.9 172.7 174.1 173.7 172.2 738.0 752.3 734.1 748.2

North Dakota. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38.3 39.7 38.5 40.0 15.1 15.3 14.6 15.5 84.4 85.8 84.4 86.9

Ohio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 540.9 565.0 535.5 564.8 209.0 220.7 212.2 221.5 781.7 791.6 771.9 784.5

Oklahoma. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 179.0 183.3 176.5 180.5 66.7 66.1 67.5 66.6 356.0 368.4 357.2 368.5

Oregon. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 199.8 201.6 199.7 202.3 63.3 64.1 62.4 64.5 305.5 314.0 303.6 312.6

Pennsylvania. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 534.3 555.1 532.7 553.0 252.0 261.1 253.7 259.0 698.6 702.5 694.6 699.6

Rhode Island. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55.1 54.4 53.2 53.9 22.0 21.5 21.7 21.4 65.4 66.3 64.9 66.7

South Carolina. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 262.6 275.8 260.4 270.8 83.0 84.5 82.4 86.0 377.1 383.2 374.1 381.3

South Dakota. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47.0 47.5 46.7 46.9 18.1 18.5 17.9 19.0 81.5 83.1 80.9 83.1

Tennessee. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 352.1 355.0 348.3 354.8 126.9 131.2 128.0 130.0 450.8 463.3 449.7 461.5

Texas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,449.8 1,465.8 1,432.5 1,468.6 461.0 474.5 460.2 476.9 2,050.0 2,105.4 2,046.9 2,103.2

Utah. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 160.9 171.0 161.2 168.6 44.9 48.1 45.5 47.1 260.6 268.5 259.7 267.6

Vermont. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30.7 32.2 33.3 33.3 10.0 9.6 10.0 9.7 56.0 58.5 55.5 58.2

Virginia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 395.8 402.9 389.8 398.0 191.9 194.2 193.5 192.0 740.7 758.0 733.1 744.8

Washington. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 328.9 342.3 332.5 348.1 121.5 124.4 122.0 124.5 576.7 588.9 575.7 587.0

West Virginia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67.6 68.6 66.9 69.3 24.3 26.4 24.5 26.0 160.2 155.7 150.8 155.2

Wisconsin. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 262.1 271.7 257.2 266.4 146.6 151.0 147.1 151.8 413.3 417.1 406.7 415.1

Wyoming. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34.3 37.5 36.4 38.6 15.6 15.9 15.8 16.3 68.4 69.5 68.5 69.6

Puerto Rico. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88.8 96.4 89.8 97.0 18.8 19.3 19.1 19.3 201.0 203.4 201.0 203.0

Virgin Islands. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.0 6.1 6.1 6.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 10.9 11.1 11.0 11.0

p Preliminary

NOTE: Data are counts of jobs by place of work. Estimates are currently estimated from 2022 benchmark levels. Estimates subsequent to the current benchmarks are

preliminary and will be revised when new information becomes available.
TEXAS

N.M.

CALIF.

NEV.

MONT.

ARIZ.

ORE.

S.D.

WYO.

KAN. MO.

N.D.

COLO.

NEB.

GA.

UTAH ILL.

MINN.

LA.

PA.

IDAHO

FLA.

N.Y.

KY.

WIS.

N.C.

VA.

OKLA.

ALA.

ARK.

IOWA

WASH.

IND.

MISS.

OHIO

S.C.

MICH.

TENN.

MAINE

W.VA.

VT.

MD.

N.H.

Map 1. Unemployment rates by state, seasonally adjusted, 

December 2023

(U.S. rate = 3.7 percent)

HAWAII

ALASKA

D.C.

!

MASS.

! CONN.

!

R.I.

!

DEL.

!

N.J.

4.0% or higher

3.5% to 3.9%

3.0% to 3.4%

2.5% to 2.9%

2.4% or lower
WASH.

ORE.

CALIF.

IDAHO

NEV.

ARIZ.

MONT.

WYO.

COLO.

N.M.

N.D.

S.D.

NEB.

KAN.

OKLA.

TEXAS

MINN.

IOWA

MO.

ARK.

LA.

WIS.

ILL.

MICH.

IND. OHIO

KY.

TENN.

MISS. ALA. GA.

S.C.

N.C.

VA. W.VA.

PA.

N.Y.

MAINE

N.H.

VT.

MASS.

R.I.

N.J.

CONN.

DEL.

FLA.

MD. UTAH

ALASKA

HAWAII

D.C.

3.0% and above

2.0% to 2.9%

1.0% to 1.9%

0.0% to 0.9%

Below 0.0%

Map 2. Percentage change in nonfarm employment by state,

seasonally adjusted, December 2022 - December 2023