1

Technical information: (202) 691-6392

Media contact: 691-5902

USDL 04-2533

For release: 10:00 A.M. EST

Thursday, December 23, 2004

http://www.bls.gov/mls/

MASS LAYOFFS IN NOVEMBER 2004

In November 2004, employers took 1,399 mass layoff actions, as measured by new filings for unemployment insurance benefits during the month, according to data from the U.S. Department of Labor’s Bureau of

Labor Statistics. Each action involved at least 50 persons from a single establishment, and the number of

workers involved totaled 130,423. (See table 1.) The number of events was the lowest for any November

since 1999 and the number of initial claims was the lowest for any November since 1997. From January

through November 2004, the total numbers of events, 14,366, and initial claims, 1,445,887, were lower than

in January-November 2003 (17,034 and 1,696,293, respectively).

Industry Distribution

The 10 industries reporting the highest number of mass-layoff initial claims accounted for 39,291 initial

claims in November, 30 percent of the total. (See table A.) Temporary help services, with 8,873 initial

claims, and highway, street, and bridge construction, with 8,566 initial claims, together accounted for 13 percent of all initial claims in November.

The manufacturing sector had 29 percent of all mass layoff events and 34 percent of all initial claims filed

in November. These were about the same proportions as a year earlier. Within manufacturing, the number

of claimants was highest in food processing (7,717, mainly in fruits and vegetables), followed by transportation equipment (6,961) and machinery (4,583). (See table 2.)

Construction accounted for 17 percent of events and 14 percent of initial claims filed in November, with

layoffs mainly in highway, street, and bridge construction. Thirteen percent of all layoff events and initial

claims filed during the month were in the administrative and waste services sector, primarily in temporary help

services. Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting accounted for 10 percent of events and 7 percent of initial

claims, largely among farm labor contractors. Accommodation and food services accounted for 6 percent of

events and 7 percent of initial claims, mostly among food service contractors. An additional 5 percent of

events and initial claims were from retail trade, mostly from general merchandise stores.

Government establishments accounted for 5 percent of events and 4 percent of initial claims filed in

November, mostly in the administration of economic programs.

Compared with November 2003, the largest decreases in initial claims were reported in transportation

equipment manufacturing (-2,735), heavy and civil engineering construction (-2,433), and telecommunications
2

Table A. Industries with the largest mass-layoff initial claims in November 2004p

Industry

Initial claims

November peak

Year

Initial claims

Temporary help services........................................ 2000 19,023

Highway, street, and bridge construction ............... 2001 14,805

Food service contractors....................................... 4,356 2004 4,356

Motion picture and video production..................... 3,453 2000 8,664

Farm labor contractors and crew leaders .............. 3,277 1999 11,613

AC, refrigeration, and forced air heating ................ 3,019 2001 3,028

Professional employer organizations ....................... 2,447 2002 4,088

Discount department stores ................................... 2,050 2004 2,050

Fruit and vegetable canning ................................... 1,675 2000 2,208

Light truck and utility vehicle mfg. .......................... 1,575 3,813

p=preliminary.

 8,566

 8,873

1998

(-1,979). The largest over-the-year increase in initial claims was reported in administrative and support

services (+3,579).

Geographic Distribution

Among the four Census regions, the highest number of initial claims in November due to mass layoffs

was reported in the West, 46,854. (See table 3.) Administrative and support services and agriculture and

forestry support activities accounted for 27 percent of all mass-layoff initial claims in that region during the

month. The Midwest region was the next largest, with 39,650 initial claims, followed by the South, with

24,573, and the Northeast, with 19,346.

The number of initial claimants in mass layoffs fell over the year in three of the four regions. The largest

decrease was in the Midwest (-6,648), followed by the South (-2,865) and the Northeast (-2,132). The

West reported an over-the-year increase in initial claims (+3,525). Five of the nine geographic divisions

had over-the-year decreases in the number of initial claims associated with mass layoffs, with the largest

decreases in the West North Central (-4,947) and South Atlantic (-3,489) divisions. The largest over-theyear increases were in the Mountain (+1,864) and Pacific (+1,661) divisions.

Among the states, California recorded the highest number of initial claims filed in mass layoff events in

November (34,089), mostly in administrative and support services and agriculture and forestry support

activities. Wisconsin was next highest with 9,144 initial claims reported, followed by Pennsylvania (7,600)

and Illinois (6,462). These four states accounted for 47 percent of all layoff events and 44 percent of all

initial claims for unemployment insurance. (See table 4.)

Missouri reported the largest over-the-year decrease in the number of initial claims (-2,878), followed

by Iowa (-2,305) and Ohio (-2,245). The largest over-the-year increase occurred in California (+1,889).

From January to November 2004, California reported 361,835 mass layoff initial claims, 25 percent of

the national total. The states with the next largest number of claims over this period were Michigan (88,283),

New York (87,127), Ohio (81,540), and Pennsylvania (79,875).
3

Addition of Seasonally Adjusted Data

Beginning with the release of data for January 2005 in February 2005, the Bureau of Labor

Statistics will publish seasonally adjusted mass layoff data series as well as an analysis of significant over-the-month changes in those series. Seasonal adjustment accounts for the effects of

events that follow a more or less regular pattern each year, making it easier to observe the cyclical

and other nonseasonal movements. Initially, six mass layoff series will be seasonally adjusted—the

number of layoff events and the number of associated initial claims for unemployment insurance for

the U.S. total, the private nonfarm sector, and the manufacturing sector. Historical data for each

of these series will be available from April 1995 forward.

Note

The monthly data series in this release cover mass layoffs of 50 or more workers beginning in a given

month, regardless of the duration of the layoffs. For private nonfarm establishments, information on the

length of the layoff is obtained later and issued in a quarterly release that reports on mass layoffs lasting

more than 30 days (referred to as “extended mass layoffs”). The quarterly release provides more information on the industry classification and location of the establishment and on the demographics of the laidoff workers. Because monthly figures include short-term layoffs of 30 days or less, the sum of the figures

for the 3 months in a quarter will be higher than the quarterly figure for mass layoffs of more than 30 days.

(See table 1.) See the Technical Note for more detailed definitions.

______________________________

The report on Mass Layoffs in December 2004 is scheduled to be released on Wednesday,

January 26, 2005.
Technical Note

The Mass Layoff Statistics (MLS) program is a federal-state

program that uses a standardized, automated approach to identifying,

describing, and tracking the effects of major job cutbacks, using data

from each state’s unemployment insurance database. Each month,

states report on establishments which have at least 50 initial claims

filed against them during a consecutive 5-week period. These

establishments then are contacted by the state agency to determine

whether these separations lasted 31 days or longer, and, if so, other

information concerning the layoff is collected. States report on layoffs

lasting more than 1 month on a quarterly basis.

A given month contains an aggregation of the weekly unemployment

insurance claims filings for the Sunday through Saturday weeks in that

month. All weeks are included for the particular month, except if the

first day of the month falls on Saturday. In this case, the week is

included in the prior month's tabulations. This means that some

months will contain 4 weeks and others 5 weeks, and the number of

weeks in a given month may be different from year to year. Therefore,

analysis of over-the-month and over-the-year change should take this

calendar effect into consideration.

The MLS program resumed operations in April 1995 after it

had been terminated in November 1992 due to lack of funding. Prior

to April 1995, monthly layoff statistics were not available.

Information in this release will be made available to sensory

impaired individuals upon request. Voice phone: 202-691-5200;

TDD message referral phone number: 1-800-877-8339.

Definitions

Initial claimant. A person who files any notice of unemployment to initiate a request either for a determination of entitlement to and eligibility for compensation, or for a subsequent

period of unemployment within a benefit year or period of

eligibility.

Mass layoff event. Fifty or more initial claims for unemployment

insurance benefits filed against an establishment during a 5-week

period, regardless of duration.
Table 1. Mass layoff events and initial claimants for unemployment insurance, October 2002 to November 2004

Extended mass layoffs 

lasting more than 30 days Realization rates 1

Events Initial

claimants Events Initialclaimants Events Initialclaimants Events Initialclaimants

2002

October ..................................................................................................................................................................... 1,497 171,100 1,270 149,327 

November ..................................................................................................................................................................... 2,153 240,171 1,860 216,237 

December ..................................................................................................................................................................... 2,474 264,158 2,324 252,807 

Fourth Quarter ..................................................................................................................................................................... 6,124 675,429 5,454 618,371 1,916 370,592 35.1 59.9 

2003

January ..................................................................................................................................................................... 2,315 225,430 2,130 210,918 

February ..................................................................................................................................................................... 1,363 124,965 1,222 116,264 

March ..................................................................................................................................................................... 1,207 113,026 1,099 104,468 

First Quarter ..................................................................................................................................................................... 4,885 463,421 4,451 431,650 1,502 297,608 33.7 68.9 

April ..................................................................................................................................................................... 1,581 161,412 1,470 152,937 

May ..................................................................................................................................................................... 1,703 174,204 1,538 160,729 

June ..................................................................................................................................................................... 1,691 157,552 1,336 127,743 

Second Quarter ..................................................................................................................................................................... 4,975 493,168 4,344 441,409 1,799 348,966 41.4 79.1 

July ..................................................................................................................................................................... 2,087 226,435 1,815 206,901 

August ..................................................................................................................................................................... 1,258 133,839 1,163 124,131 

September ..................................................................................................................................................................... 868 82,647 756 73,914 

Third Quarter ..................................................................................................................................................................... 4,213 442,921 3,734 404,946 1,190 227,909 31.9 56.3 

October ..................................................................................................................................................................... 1,523 158,240 1,265 137,706 

November ..................................................................................................................................................................... 1,438 138,543 1,234 123,524 

December ..................................................................................................................................................................... 1,929 192,633 1,793 182,750 

Fourth Quarter ..................................................................................................................................................................... 4,890 489,416 4,292 443,980 1,690 326,328 39.4 73.5 

2004

January ..................................................................................................................................................................... 2,428 239,454 2,226 220,687 

February ..................................................................................................................................................................... 941 84,201 832 76,577 

March ..................................................................................................................................................................... 920 92,554 847 87,782 

First Quarter ..................................................................................................................................................................... 4,289 416,209 3,905 385,046 1,339 238,056 34.3 61.8 

April ..................................................................................................................................................................... 1,458 157,314 1,316 142,657 

May ..................................................................................................................................................................... 988 87,501 878 78,786 

June ..................................................................................................................................................................... 1,379 134,588 1,077 110,804 

Second Quarter ..................................................................................................................................................................... 3,825 379,403 3,271 332,247 1,359 251,970 41.5 75.8 

July ..................................................................................................................................................................... 2,094 253,929 1,860 234,877 

August ..................................................................................................................................................................... 809 69,033 745 63,876 

September ..................................................................................................................................................................... 708 68,972 637 63,102 

Third Quarter ..................................................................................................................................................................... 3,611 391,934 3,242 361,855 2.p 780 2,p 101,456 p24.1 p28.0

Octoberp

 .................................................................................................................................................................... 1,242 127,918 1,101 117,375 

Novemberp .................................................................................................................................................................... 1,399 130,423 1,201 115,549 

 1 The event realization rate is the percentage of all private nonfarm data on these layoffs become available. Experience suggests that the

mass layoff events lasting more than 30 days. The initial claimant realization number of extended mass layoff events is generally revised upwards

rate is the percentage of all private nonfarm mass layoff initial claimants by less than 10 percent and the number of initial claimants associated

associated with layoffs lasting more than 30 days. with such events increases by 25-40 percent.

 2 These quarterly numbers are provisional and will be revised as more p = preliminary.

Mass layoffs

Total mass layoffs

Private nonfarm

Date
Table 2. Industry distribution: Mass layoff events and initial claimants for unemployment insurance

Industry

Mass layoff events Initial claimants for

unemployment insurance

November September October November November September October November

2003 2004 2004p2004p2003 2004 2004p2004p

 Total1 ..................................................................................................................................................................... 1,438 708 1,242 1,399 138,543 68,972 127,918 130,423 

Total, private ..................................................................................................................................................................... 1,380 669 1,177 1,336 133,818 64,917 122,402 125,008 

 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting ..................................................................................................................................................................... 146 32 76 135 10,294 1,815 5,027 9,459 

 Total, private nonfarm....................................................... 1,234 637 1,101 1,201 123,524 63,102 117,375 115,549 

 Mining ..................................................................................................................................................................... 8 ( 2

 ) 8 7 568 ( 2 ) 946 701 

 Utilities ..................................................................................................................................................................... 4 ( 2

 ) ( 2 ) ( 2 ) 308 ( 2 ) ( 2 ) ( 2 ) 

 Construction ..................................................................................................................................................................... 263 65 126 231 20,999 4,160 9,512 17,884 

 Manufacturing..................................................................................................................................................................... 408 189 372 412 48,419 25,808 48,265 44,243 

 Food ..................................................................................................................................................................... 70 56 78 77 8,410 4,848 9,049 7,717 

 Beverage and tobacco products ..................................................................................................................................................................... 9 3 16 6 938 271 1,316 387 

 Textile mills ..................................................................................................................................................................... 13 6 10 15 1,178 701 1,041 1,767 

 Textile product mills ..................................................................................................................................................................... 8 4 8 7 483 438 732 638 

 Apparel ..................................................................................................................................................................... 14 9 18 20 1,269 1,878 1,338 2,154 

 Leather and allied products ..................................................................................................................................................................... ( 2

 ) ( 2 ) ( 2 ) ( 2 ) ( 2 ) ( 2 ) ( 2 ) ( 2 ) 

 Wood products ..................................................................................................................................................................... 29 4 16 32 3,852 268 2,744 3,437 

 Paper ..................................................................................................................................................................... 12 4 9 7 856 369 580 530 

 Printing and related support activities ..................................................................................................................................................................... 8 – 8 9 570 – 548 610 

 Petroleum and coal products ..................................................................................................................................................................... ( 2

 ) – ( 2 ) ( 2 ) ( 2 ) – ( 2 ) ( 2 ) 

 Chemicals ..................................................................................................................................................................... 10 ( 2

 ) 6 7 908 ( 2 ) 380 525 

 Plastics and rubber products ..................................................................................................................................................................... 27 12 18 17 2,085 976 1,451 1,385 

 Nonmetallic mineral products ..................................................................................................................................................................... 21 8 10 24 2,089 759 779 2,126 

 Primary metals ..................................................................................................................................................................... 22 ( 2

 ) 15 18 2,470 ( 2 ) 2,312 1,616 

 Fabricated metal products ..................................................................................................................................................................... 31 11 18 28 2,696 794 1,855 2,548 

 Machinery ..................................................................................................................................................................... 28 11 19 25 4,642 1,118 4,224 4,583 

 Computer and electronic products ..................................................................................................................................................................... 19 11 18 27 1,468 742 1,416 2,534 

 Electrical equipment and appliances ..................................................................................................................................................................... 12 5 17 13 2,671 3,211 2,573 1,757 

 Transportation equipment ..................................................................................................................................................................... 51 21 58 53 9,696 7,400 12,733 6,961 

 Furniture and related products ..................................................................................................................................................................... 10 10 13 16 856 912 1,637 1,548 

 Miscellaneous manufacturing ..................................................................................................................................................................... 8 10 11 5 891 842 1,027 975 

 Wholesale trade ..................................................................................................................................................................... 23 14 11 24 2,421 1,028 1,412 2,196 

 Retail trade ..................................................................................................................................................................... 76 68 98 65 6,877 5,974 8,550 6,498 

 Transportation and warehousing ..................................................................................................................................................................... 42 21 34 32 4,127 1,692 2,608 2,900 

 Information ..................................................................................................................................................................... 37 26 36 45 5,918 3,455 7,597 5,492 

 Finance and insurance ..................................................................................................................................................................... 19 16 33 22 1,485 1,211 2,914 1,442 

 Real estate and rental and leasing ..................................................................................................................................................................... 8 ( 2

 ) 10 ( 2 ) 432 ( 2 ) 697 ( 2 ) 

 Professional and technical services ..................................................................................................................................................................... 33 19 24 22 3,175 1,709 3,994 2,303 

 Management of companies and enterprises ..................................................................................................................................................................... ( 2

 ) ( 2 ) ( 2 ) ( 2 ) ( 2 ) ( 2 ) ( 2 ) ( 2 ) 

 Administrative and waste services ..................................................................................................................................................................... 163 106 188 187 13,925 10,255 15,202 17,370 

 Educational services.................................................................................................................. ( 2

 ) ( 2 ) ( 2 ) ( 2 ) ( 2 ) ( 2 ) ( 2 ) ( 2 ) 

 Health care and social assistance ..................................................................................................................................................................... 28 15 34 27 2,243 975 2,793 2,012 

 Arts, entertainment, and recreation ..................................................................................................................................................................... 26 21 30 25 1,920 1,366 2,424 2,126 

 Accommodation and food services ..................................................................................................................................................................... 75 61 82 81 7,348 4,173 9,152 8,995 

 Other services, except public administration..................................................................................................................................................................... 15 8 6 10 1,081 525 482 647 

 Unclassified ..................................................................................................................................................................... 2 1 3 1 1,646 71 309 40 

Government ..................................................................................................................................................................... 58 39 65 63 4,725 4,055 5,516 5,415 

 Federal ..................................................................................................................................................................... 9 5 22 12 820 364 2,185 1,290 

 State ..................................................................................................................................................................... 22 3 19 25 1,917 233 1,648 2,342 

 Local ..................................................................................................................................................................... 27 31 24 26 1,988 3,458 1,683 1,783 

 

1

 Data were reported by all states and the District of Columbia. p = preliminary.

 

2

 Data do not meet BLS or state agency disclosure standards. NOTE: Dash represents zero.
Table 3. Mass layoff events and initial claimants for unemployment insurance by census region and division

Census region and division

Mass layoff events Initial claimants for

unemployment insurance

November September October November November September October November

2003 2004 2004p2004p2003 2004 2004p2004p

 United States1

 ..................................................................................................................................................................... 1,438 708 1,242 1,399 138,543 68,972 127,918 130,423 

Northeast ..................................................................................................................................................................... 210 101 189 198 21,478 8,801 17,563 19,346 

 New England ..................................................................................................................................................................... 29 9 17 26 2,282 637 1,345 1,998 

 Middle Atlantic ..................................................................................................................................................................... 181 92 172 172 19,196 8,164 16,218 17,348 

South ..................................................................................................................................................................... 265 204 323 255 27,438 19,467 30,246 24,573 

 South Atlantic ..................................................................................................................................................................... 135 123 190 116 13,822 10,152 15,237 10,333 

 East South Central ..................................................................................................................................................................... 35 41 58 42 4,212 5,643 5,750 4,651 

 West South Central ..................................................................................................................................................................... 95 40 75 97 9,404 3,672 9,259 9,589 

Midwest ..................................................................................................................................................................... 426 125 280 389 46,298 16,380 35,859 39,650 

 East North Central ..................................................................................................................................................................... 313 99 219 306 31,687 13,827 26,965 29,986 

 West North Central ..................................................................................................................................................................... 113 26 61 83 14,611 2,553 8,894 9,664 

West ..................................................................................................................................................................... 537 278 450 557 43,329 24,324 44,250 46,854 

 Mountain ..................................................................................................................................................................... 51 15 43 59 4,606 1,163 3,610 6,470 

 Pacific ..................................................................................................................................................................... 486 263 407 498 38,723 23,161 40,640 40,384 

 

 

1

 See footnote 1, table 2. Carolina, South Carolina, Virginia, and West Virginia; East South Central:

 

 

p

 = preliminary. Alabama, Kentucky, Mississippi, and Tennessee; West South Central: Arkansas, 

 NOTE: The States (including the District of Columbia) that comprise Louisiana, Oklahoma, and Texas; East North Central: Illinois, Indiana, Michigan, 

the census divisions are: New England: Connecticut, Maine, Ohio, and Wisconsin; West North Central: Iowa, Kansas, Minnesota, Missouri, 

Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Rhode Island, and Vermont; Middle Nebraska, North Dakota, and South Dakota; Mountain: Arizona, Colorado, Idaho, 

Atlantic: New Jersey, New York, and Pennsylvania; South Atlantic: Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Utah, and Wyoming; and Pacific: Alaska, 

Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Maryland, North California, Hawaii, Oregon, and Washington.

 
Table 4. State distribution: Mass layoff events and initial claimants for unemployment insurance

State

Mass layoff events Initial claimants for

unemployment insurance

November September October November November September October November

2003 2004 2004p2004p2003 2004 2004p2004p

 Total1 ..................................................................................................................................................................... 1,438 708 1,242 1,399 138,543 68,972 127,918 130,423 

Alabama ..................................................................................................................................................................... 10 18 12 9 1,384 1,793 1,477 915 

Alaska ..................................................................................................................................................................... 6 ( 2

 ) 5 7 561 ( 2 ) 423 686 

Arizona ..................................................................................................................................................................... 4 – 11 3 257 – 868 255 

Arkansas ..................................................................................................................................................................... 3 ( 2

 ) 3 11 777 ( 2 ) 642 1,477 

California ..................................................................................................................................................................... 420 246 346 429 32,200 21,752 34,896 34,089 

Colorado ..................................................................................................................................................................... 7 3 10 7 549 199 829 533 

Connecticut ..................................................................................................................................................................... 4 ( 2

 ) ( 2 ) ( 2 ) 312 ( 2 ) ( 2 ) ( 2 ) 

Delaware ..................................................................................................................................................................... ( 2

 ) – – – ( 2 ) – – –

District of Columbia ..................................................................................................................................................................... ( 2

 ) – – – ( 2 ) – – –

Florida ..................................................................................................................................................................... 55 86 143 43 3,533 6,349 9,737 3,107 

Georgia ..................................................................................................................................................................... 18 11 16 19 1,771 815 1,977 1,809 

Hawaii ..................................................................................................................................................................... ( 2

 ) ( 2 ) 4 ( 2 ) ( 2 ) ( 2 ) 260 ( 2 ) 

Idaho ..................................................................................................................................................................... 11 3 3 16 1,408 331 281 1,888 

Illinois ..................................................................................................................................................................... 57 26 56 63 5,785 2,567 8,019 6,462 

Indiana ..................................................................................................................................................................... 42 19 24 40 4,269 2,767 2,235 5,129 

Iowa ..................................................................................................................................................................... 29 6 12 14 3,464 764 1,645 1,159 

Kansas ..................................................................................................................................................................... 6 4 5 6 696 380 398 1,090 

Kentucky ..................................................................................................................................................................... 14 11 27 19 1,649 2,892 2,792 2,160 

Louisiana ..................................................................................................................................................................... 23 5 11 19 1,773 402 714 1,789 

Maine ..................................................................................................................................................................... 4 – 3 4 306 – 207 328 

Maryland ..................................................................................................................................................................... 9 5 5 4 843 529 544 347 

Massachusetts ..................................................................................................................................................................... 17 6 6 15 1,373 439 437 1,108 

Michigan ..................................................................................................................................................................... 48 23 40 63 5,058 5,997 3,768 5,032 

Minnesota ..................................................................................................................................................................... 44 6 15 35 3,849 441 1,390 4,260 

Mississippi ..................................................................................................................................................................... 3 3 10 – 165 314 615 –

Missouri ..................................................................................................................................................................... 22 3 21 23 5,651 195 4,723 2,773 

Montana ..................................................................................................................................................................... 5 – 5 7 428 – 545 1,023 

Nebraska ..................................................................................................................................................................... 7 6 7 ( 2

 ) 412 646 666 ( 2 ) 

Nevada ..................................................................................................................................................................... 14 7 10 19 1,156 471 755 2,219 

New Hampshire ..................................................................................................................................................................... ( 2

 ) – 4 – ( 2 ) – 292 –

New Jersey ..................................................................................................................................................................... 43 11 35 42 5,985 1,630 3,294 5,386 

New Mexico ..................................................................................................................................................................... 4 ( 2

 ) ( 2 ) 4 212 ( 2 ) ( 2 ) 384 

New York ..................................................................................................................................................................... 59 31 52 55 5,648 2,950 5,263 4,362 

North Carolina ..................................................................................................................................................................... 23 10 5 24 3,635 712 417 2,294 

North Dakota ..................................................................................................................................................................... 4 ( 2

 ) ( 2 ) 3 474 ( 2 ) ( 2 ) 238 

Ohio ..................................................................................................................................................................... 75 16 54 49 6,464 1,352 8,193 4,219 

Oklahoma ..................................................................................................................................................................... 3 ( 2

 ) 6 9 406 ( 2 ) 1,382 845 

Oregon ..................................................................................................................................................................... 26 6 29 31 3,058 370 2,536 2,886 

Pennsylvania ..................................................................................................................................................................... 79 50 85 75 7,563 3,584 7,661 7,600 

Rhode Island ..................................................................................................................................................................... ( 2

 ) ( 2 ) ( 2 ) 4 ( 2 ) ( 2 ) ( 2 ) 372 

South Carolina ..................................................................................................................................................................... 7 6 10 13 547 921 688 1,619 

South Dakota ..................................................................................................................................................................... ( 2

 ) – – ( 2 ) ( 2 ) – – ( 2 ) 

Tennessee ..................................................................................................................................................................... 8 9 9 14 1,014 644 866 1,576 

Texas ..................................................................................................................................................................... 66 32 55 58 6,448 2,965 6,521 5,478 

Utah ..................................................................................................................................................................... 6 ( 2

 ) – ( 2 ) 596 ( 2 ) – ( 2 ) 

Vermont ..................................................................................................................................................................... ( 2

 ) – ( 2 ) ( 2 ) ( 2 ) – ( 2 ) ( 2 ) 

Virginia ..................................................................................................................................................................... 16 5 9 10 2,644 826 1,555 976 

Washington ..................................................................................................................................................................... 32 7 23 29 2,751 819 2,525 2,536 

West Virginia ..................................................................................................................................................................... 5 – ( 2

 ) 3 556 – ( 2 ) 181 

Wisconsin ..................................................................................................................................................................... 91 15 45 91 10,111 1,144 4,750 9,144 

Wyoming ..................................................................................................................................................................... – – 3 ( 2

 ) – – 268 ( 2 ) 

Puerto Rico ..................................................................................................................................................................... – 30 8 6 – 4,059 693 562 

 1 See footnote 1, table 2. p

 = preliminary.

 2 Data do not meet BLS or state agency disclosure standards. NOTE: Dash represents zero.