1

Technical information: (202) 691-6392

Media contact: 691-5902

USDL 04-964

For release: 10:00 A.M. EDT

Wednesday, May 26, 2004

 http://www.bls.gov/mls/

MASS LAYOFFS IN APRIL 2004

In April 2004, employers took 1,458 mass layoff actions, as measured by new filings for unemployment

insurance benefits during the month, according to data from the U.S. Department of Labor’s Bureau of Labor

Statistics. Each action involved at least 50 persons from a single establishment, and the number of workers

involved totaled 157,314. (See table 1.) The number of events was the lowest for any April since 2001,

and the number of initial claims was the lowest for April since 2000. From January through April 2004, the

total number of events, at 5,747, and of initial claims, at 573,523, were lower than in January-April 2003

(6,466 and 624,833, respectively).

Industry Distribution

School and employee bus transportation, with 16,589 initial claims, and temporary help services, with

12,254 initial claims, together accounted for over 18 percent of all initial claims in April. The 10 industries

reporting the highest number of mass-layoff initial claims accounted for 57,329 initial claims in April, 36 percent of the total. (See table A.)

The manufacturing sector had 24 percent of all mass layoff events and 23 percent of all initial claims filed

in April—the lowest shares for any April since 1995, when the monthly series began. A year ago,

manufacturing reported 32 percent of events and 39 percent of initial claims. Within manufacturing, the

number of claimants was highest in food processing (13,582, mainly in frozen fruits and vegetables and in

fresh and frozen seafood processing), followed by transportation equipment (4,625, largely automotiverelated). (See table 2.)

The administrative and waste services sector accounted for 13 percent of events and initial claims filed in

April, with layoffs mostly in temporary help services. Ten percent of all layoff events and 13 percent of initial

claims filed during the month were in transportation and warehousing, mainly in school and employee bus

transportation. Retail trade accounted for 8 percent of events and initial claims, largely in general merchandise stores. Construction accounted for 10 percent of events and 8 percent of initial claims during the month,

primarily among specialty trade contractors. An additional 6 percent of events and initial claims were in

accommodation and food services, mostly among food service contractors.

Government establishments accounted for 4 percent of events and 5 percent of initial claims filed during

the month. The number of mass-layoff initial claims in government was 7,508. In April 2003, there were

3,851 such claims filed.
2

Table A. Industries with the largest mass-layoff initial claims in April 2004 p

Industry

Initial claims

April peak

Year

Initial claims

School and employee bus transportation................ 2004 16,589

Temporary help services........................................ 2001 17,507

Motion picture and video production..................... 6,007 1997 15,908

Food service contractors....................................... 5,496 2004 5,496

Tax preparation services........................................ 3,329 2004 3,329

Professional employer organizations ....................... 3,262 2001 3,280

Farm labor contractors and crew leaders .............. 3,103 1998 4,054

Hotels and motels, except casino hotels................. 2,647 2004 2,647

Supermarkets and other grocery stores ................. 2,405 1995 11,633

Industrial building construction ............................... 2,237 2002 2,558

p=preliminary.

12,254

16,589

Compared with April 2003, the largest decreases in initial claims were reported in transportation

equipment manufacturing (-10,689), computer and electronic product manufacturing (-3,610), plastic and

rubber products manufacturing (-2,853), and machinery manufacturing (-2,710). The largest over-the-year

increases in initial claims was reported in transit and ground passenger transportation (+7,015), and food

processing (+5,185).

Geographic Distribution

Among the four regions, the highest number of initial claims in April due to mass layoffs was reported in

the West, 57,414. (See table 3.) Administrative and support services and motion picture and sound

recording industries accounted for 31 percent of all initial claims in that region during the month. The

Northeast region was next, with 40,728 initial claims, followed by the Midwest, with 31,619, and the South,

with 27,553.

The number of initial claimants in mass layoffs declined over the year in two of the four regions, with the

larger decrease in the Midwest (-11,847). The Northeast had the largest over-the-year increase in initial

claims (+9,836). Seven of the nine geographic divisions had over-the-year decreases in the number of initial

claims associated with mass layoffs, with the largest decrease in the East North Central division (-9,219).

The Middle Atlantic division had the largest over-the-year increase (+10,137).

Among the states, California recorded the highest number of initial claims filed in mass layoff events in

April (44,311), mostly in administrative and support services and in motion picture and sound recording

industries. New York reported 19,056 initial claims, followed by Pennsylvania (10,897), Wisconsin

(8,690), and Illinois (7,471). These five states accounted for 55 percent of all layoff events and 57 percent of all initial claims for unemployment insurance. (See table 4.)

Ohio reported the largest over-the-year decrease in the number of initial claims (-4,893), followed by

Indiana (-4,599), Minnesota (-2,521), and Georgia (-2,188). The largest over-the-year increases occurred

in New York (+9,905) and California (+5,271).
3

From January to April, California reported 151,301 mass layoff initial claims, 26 percent of the national

total. The states with the next largest number of claims over this period were New York (49,495),

Pennsylvania (34,086), and Ohio (29,289).

Note

The monthly data series in this release cover mass layoffs of 50 or more workers beginning in a given

month, regardless of the duration of the layoffs. For private nonfarm establishments, information on the length

of the layoff is obtained later and issued in a quarterly release that reports on mass layoffs lasting more than

30 days (referred to as “extended mass layoffs”). The quarterly release provides more information on the

industry classification and location of the establishment and on the demographics of the laid-off workers.

Because monthly figures include short-term layoffs of 30 days or less, the sum of the figures for the 3 months

in a quarter will be higher than the quarterly figure for mass layoffs of more than 30 days. (See table 1.)

See the Technical Note for more detailed definitions.

A special report on offshoring and outsourcing associated with mass layoffs is planned for June. The

report on Mass Layoffs in May 2004 is scheduled to be released on Wednesday, June 23, 2004.

_____________________________
Technical Note

The Mass Layoff Statistics (MLS) program is a federal-state

program that uses a standardized, automated approach to identifying,

describing, and tracking the effects of major job cutbacks, using data

from each state’s unemployment insurance database. Each month,

states report on establishments which have at least 50 initial claims

filed against them during a consecutive 5-week period. These

establishments then are contacted by the state agency to determine

whether these separations lasted 31 days or longer, and, if so, other

information concerning the layoff is collected. States report on layoffs

lasting more than 1 month on a quarterly basis.

A given month contains an aggregation of the weekly unemployment

insurance claims filings for the Sunday through Saturday weeks in that

month. All weeks are included for the particular month, except if the

first day of the month falls on Saturday. In this case, the week is

included in the prior month's tabulations. This means that some

months will contain 4 weeks and others 5 weeks, and the number of

weeks in a given month may be different from year to year. Therefore,

analysis of over-the-month and over-the-year change should take this

calendar effect into consideration.

The MLS program resumed operations in April 1995 after it

had been terminated in November 1992 due to lack of funding. Prior

to April 1995, monthly layoff statistics were not available.

Information in this release will be made available to sensory

impaired individuals upon request. Voice phone: 202-691-5200;

TDD message referral phone number: 1-800-877-8339.

Definitions

Initial claimant. A person who files any notice of unemployment to initiate a request either for a determination of entitlement to and eligibility for compensation, or for a subsequent

period of unemployment within a benefit year or period of

eligibility.

Mass layoff event. Fifty or more initial claims for unemployment

insurance benefits filed against an establishment during a 5-week

period, regardless of duration.
Table 1. Mass layoff events and initial claimants for unemployment insurance, April 2002 to April 2004

Extended mass layoffs 

lasting more than 30 days Realization rates 1

Events Initial

claimants Events Initialclaimants Events Initialclaimants Events Initialclaimants

2002

April ..................................................................................................................................................................... 1,506 165,814 1,378 153,216 

May ..................................................................................................................................................................... 1,723 179,799 1,571 166,801 

June ..................................................................................................................................................................... 1,584 162,189 1,266 136,424 

Second Quarter ..................................................................................................................................................................... 4,813 507,802 4,215 456,441 1,624 299,598 38.5 65.6 

July ..................................................................................................................................................................... 2,042 245,294 1,819 226,892 

August ..................................................................................................................................................................... 1,248 128,103 1,151 119,874 

September ..................................................................................................................................................................... 1,062 124,522 957 114,736 

Third Quarter ..................................................................................................................................................................... 4,352 497,919 3,927 461,502 1,186 254,955 30.2 55.2 

October ..................................................................................................................................................................... 1,497 171,100 1,270 149,327 

November ..................................................................................................................................................................... 2,153 240,171 1,860 216,237 

December ..................................................................................................................................................................... 2,474 264,158 2,324 252,807 

Fourth Quarter ..................................................................................................................................................................... 6,124 675,429 5,454 618,371 1,916 370,592 35.1 59.9 

2003

January ..................................................................................................................................................................... 2,315 225,430 2,130 210,918 

February ..................................................................................................................................................................... 1,363 124,965 1,222 116,264 

March ..................................................................................................................................................................... 1,207 113,026 1,099 104,468 

First Quarter ..................................................................................................................................................................... 4,885 463,421 4,451 431,650 1,502 r 297,607 33.7 68.9 

April ..................................................................................................................................................................... 1,581 161,412 1,470 152,937 

May ..................................................................................................................................................................... 1,703 174,204 1,538 160,729 

June ..................................................................................................................................................................... 1,691 157,552 1,336 127,743 

Second Quarter ..................................................................................................................................................................... 4,975 493,168 4,344 441,409 1,799 r 348,890 41.4 r 79.0

July ..................................................................................................................................................................... 2,087 226,435 1,815 206,901 

August ..................................................................................................................................................................... 1,258 133,839 1,163 124,131 

September ..................................................................................................................................................................... 868 82,647 756 73,914 

Third Quarter ..................................................................................................................................................................... 4,213 442,921 3,734 404,946 1,190 r 227,568 31.9 r 56.2

October ..................................................................................................................................................................... 1,523 158,240 1,265 137,706 

November ..................................................................................................................................................................... 1,438 138,543 1,234 123,524 

December ..................................................................................................................................................................... 1,929 192,633 1,793 182,750 

Fourth Quarter ..................................................................................................................................................................... 4,890 489,416 4,292 443,980 r 1,690 r 325,765 r 39.4 r 73.4

2004

January ..................................................................................................................................................................... 2,428 239,454 2,226 220,687 

February ..................................................................................................................................................................... 941 84,201 832 76,577 

March p.................................................................................................................................................................... 920 92,554 847 87,782 

First Quarter p.................................................................................................................................................................... 4,289 416,209 3,905 385,046 21,204 2 165,272 30.8 42.9 

April p

.................................................................................................................................................................... 1,458 157,314 1,316 142,657 

 1 The event realization rate is the percentage of all private nonfarm number of extended mass layoff events is generally revised upwards

mass layoff events lasting more than 30 days. The initial claimant realization by less than 10 percent and the number of initial claimants associated

rate is the percentage of all private nonfarm mass layoff initial claimants with such events increases by 25-40 percent.

associated with layoffs lasting more than 30 days. p = preliminary.

 2 These quarterly numbers are provisional and will be revised as more r = revised.

data on these layoffs become available. Experience suggests that the

Mass layoffs

Total mass layoffs

Private nonfarm

Date
Table 2. Industry distribution: Mass layoff events and initial claimants for unemployment insurance

Industry

Mass layoff events Initial claimants for

unemployment insurance

April February March April April February March April

2003 2004 2004p2004p2003 2004 2004p2004p

 Total1 ..................................................................................................................................................................... 1,581 941 920 1,458 161,412 84,201 92,554 157,314 

Total, private ..................................................................................................................................................................... 1,534 905 884 1,396 157,561 81,093 89,955 149,806 

 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting ..................................................................................................................................................................... 64 73 37 80 4,624 4,516 2,173 7,149 

 Total, private nonfarm....................................................... 1,470 832 847 1,316 152,937 76,577 87,782 142,657 

 Mining ..................................................................................................................................................................... ( 2

 ) 4 4 ( 2 ) ( 2 ) 505 206 ( 2 ) 

 Utilities ..................................................................................................................................................................... 5 ( 2

 ) ( 2 ) ( 2 ) 326 ( 2 ) ( 2 ) ( 2 ) 

 Construction ..................................................................................................................................................................... 150 131 106 149 10,042 8,586 7,288 11,904 

 Manufacturing..................................................................................................................................................................... 499 240 258 343 62,349 23,043 34,686 36,172 

 Food ..................................................................................................................................................................... 84 62 56 112 8,397 6,517 6,220 13,582 

 Beverage and tobacco products ..................................................................................................................................................................... 7 6 9 5 450 557 1,039 319 

 Textile mills ..................................................................................................................................................................... 17 4 6 8 2,725 310 456 1,091 

 Textile product mills ..................................................................................................................................................................... 9 7 ( 2

 ) 5 697 560 ( 2 ) 420 

 Apparel ..................................................................................................................................................................... 19 5 13 12 2,385 389 1,050 922 

 Leather and allied products ..................................................................................................................................................................... 5 ( 2

 ) – 5 398 ( 2 ) – 399 

 Wood products ..................................................................................................................................................................... 30 18 16 16 2,858 1,438 1,540 1,684 

 Paper ..................................................................................................................................................................... 14 4 7 7 1,083 391 529 499 

 Printing and related support activities ..................................................................................................................................................................... 8 10 7 15 848 828 501 1,618 

 Petroleum and coal products ..................................................................................................................................................................... – ( 2

 ) – – – ( 2 ) – –

 Chemicals ..................................................................................................................................................................... 6 4 7 11 1,752 324 416 677 

 Plastics and rubber products ..................................................................................................................................................................... 24 10 14 12 3,789 917 1,061 936 

 Nonmetallic mineral products ..................................................................................................................................................................... 14 5 12 7 1,190 312 860 452 

 Primary metals ..................................................................................................................................................................... 27 9 4 9 3,195 913 375 920 

 Fabricated metal products ..................................................................................................................................................................... 35 18 16 22 2,478 1,720 1,103 2,030 

 Machinery ..................................................................................................................................................................... 35 12 10 19 4,368 803 693 1,658 

 Computer and electronic products ..................................................................................................................................................................... 53 12 15 17 4,985 815 1,274 1,375 

 Electrical equipment and appliances ..................................................................................................................................................................... 17 11 12 7 1,836 2,109 2,789 1,252 

 Transportation equipment ..................................................................................................................................................................... 67 23 38 32 15,445 2,671 13,430 4,625 

 Furniture and related products ..................................................................................................................................................................... 22 9 11 11 2,829 679 985 835 

 Miscellaneous manufacturing ..................................................................................................................................................................... 6 8 ( 2

 ) 11 641 553 ( 2 ) 878 

 Wholesale trade ..................................................................................................................................................................... 31 13 19 21 2,425 956 1,518 1,944 

 Retail trade ..................................................................................................................................................................... 124 102 77 118 11,839 9,383 6,733 12,659 

 Transportation and warehousing ..................................................................................................................................................................... 132 35 38 145 14,386 4,658 4,682 20,292 

 Information ..................................................................................................................................................................... 51 19 32 42 11,131 4,716 4,912 7,851 

 Finance and insurance ..................................................................................................................................................................... 35 25 27 31 2,121 1,562 2,228 2,594 

 Real estate and rental and leasing ..................................................................................................................................................................... 10 ( 2

 ) 5 11 569 ( 2 ) 332 1,214 

 Professional and technical services ..................................................................................................................................................................... 60 30 29 54 5,852 4,247 2,619 6,939 

 Management of companies and enterprises ..................................................................................................................................................................... ( 2

 ) 6 ( 2 ) 4 ( 2 ) 587 ( 2 ) 269 

 Administrative and waste services ..................................................................................................................................................................... 188 139 129 194 16,693 11,065 11,546 20,812 

 Educational services.................................................................................................................. 6 ( 2

 ) ( 2 ) 4 463 ( 2 ) ( 2 ) 374 

 Health care and social assistance ..................................................................................................................................................................... 24 16 19 31 1,695 954 1,039 2,118 

 Arts, entertainment, and recreation ..................................................................................................................................................................... 33 11 4 40 2,605 677 167 3,368 

 Accommodation and food services ..................................................................................................................................................................... 95 46 82 93 8,014 4,455 8,755 10,067 

 Other services, except public administration..................................................................................................................................................................... 17 8 9 26 1,504 629 506 3,240 

 Unclassified ..................................................................................................................................................................... 5 2 1 6 389 191 85 563 

Government ..................................................................................................................................................................... 47 36 36 62 3,851 3,108 2,599 7,508 

 Federal ..................................................................................................................................................................... 4 6 5 14 318 504 428 1,173 

 State ..................................................................................................................................................................... 13 13 10 11 1,470 1,121 763 884 

 Local ..................................................................................................................................................................... 30 17 21 37 2,063 1,483 1,408 5,451 

 

1

 Data were reported by all states and the District of Columbia. p = preliminary.

 

2

 Data do not meet BLS or state agency disclosure standards. NOTE: Dash represents zero.
Table 3. Mass layoff events and initial claimants for unemployment insurance by census region and division

Census region and division

Mass layoff events Initial claimants for

unemployment insurance

April February March April April February March April

2003 2004 2004p2004p2003 2004 2004p2004p

 United States1

 ..................................................................................................................................................................... 1,581 941 920 1,458 161,412 84,201 92,554 157,314 

Northeast ..................................................................................................................................................................... 326 117 123 332 30,892 12,795 12,196 40,728 

 New England ..................................................................................................................................................................... 59 26 12 49 6,214 3,321 912 5,913 

 Middle Atlantic ..................................................................................................................................................................... 267 91 111 283 24,678 9,474 11,284 34,815 

South ..................................................................................................................................................................... 323 191 207 292 34,922 17,770 22,094 27,553 

 South Atlantic ..................................................................................................................................................................... 151 87 101 139 14,851 8,799 8,749 12,141 

 East South Central ..................................................................................................................................................................... 74 32 41 52 9,550 3,602 4,141 5,936 

 West South Central ..................................................................................................................................................................... 98 72 65 101 10,521 5,369 9,204 9,476 

Midwest ..................................................................................................................................................................... 334 211 185 275 43,466 19,183 25,756 31,619 

 East North Central ..................................................................................................................................................................... 271 172 138 235 36,974 15,385 19,002 27,755 

 West North Central ..................................................................................................................................................................... 63 39 47 40 6,492 3,798 6,754 3,864 

West ..................................................................................................................................................................... 598 422 405 559 52,132 34,453 32,508 57,414 

 Mountain ..................................................................................................................................................................... 73 28 30 52 6,426 2,323 3,146 5,962 

 Pacific ..................................................................................................................................................................... 525 394 375 507 45,706 32,130 29,362 51,452 

 

 

1

 See footnote 1, table 2. Carolina, South Carolina, Virginia, and West Virginia; East South Central:

 

 

p

 = preliminary. Alabama, Kentucky, Mississippi, and Tennessee; West South Central: Arkansas, 

 NOTE: The States (including the District of Columbia) that comprise Louisiana, Oklahoma, and Texas; East North Central: Illinois, Indiana, Michigan, 

the census divisions are: New England: Connecticut, Maine, Ohio, and Wisconsin; West North Central: Iowa, Kansas, Minnesota, Missouri, 

Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Rhode Island, and Vermont; Middle Nebraska, North Dakota, and South Dakota; Mountain: Arizona, Colorado, Idaho, 

Atlantic: New Jersey, New York, and Pennsylvania; South Atlantic: Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Utah, and Wyoming; and Pacific: Alaska, 

Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Maryland, North California, Hawaii, Oregon, and Washington.

 
Table 4. State distribution: Mass layoff events and initial claimants for unemployment insurance

State

Mass layoff events Initial claimants for

unemployment insurance

April February March April April February March April

2003 2004 2004p2004p2003 2004 2004p2004p

 Total1 ..................................................................................................................................................................... 1,581 941 920 1,458 161,412 84,201 92,554 157,314 

Alabama ..................................................................................................................................................................... 24 ( 2

 ) 7 15 4,048 ( 2 ) 654 2,051 

Alaska ..................................................................................................................................................................... 6 ( 2

 ) – 5 489 ( 2 ) – 633 

Arizona ..................................................................................................................................................................... 22 3 6 20 2,193 214 593 3,177 

Arkansas ..................................................................................................................................................................... 3 ( 2

 ) 3 6 326 ( 2 ) 422 513 

California ..................................................................................................................................................................... 455 365 341 440 39,040 29,865 25,730 44,311 

Colorado ..................................................................................................................................................................... 14 5 ( 2

 ) 9 1,318 523 ( 2 ) 973 

Connecticut ..................................................................................................................................................................... 3 5 – 6 206 351 – 513 

Delaware ..................................................................................................................................................................... 3 ( 2

 ) ( 2 ) 3 180 ( 2 ) ( 2 ) 165 

District of Columbia ..................................................................................................................................................................... – – ( 2

 ) – – – ( 2 ) –

Florida ..................................................................................................................................................................... 64 46 57 69 4,451 3,480 4,405 5,447 

Georgia ..................................................................................................................................................................... 31 17 11 21 4,299 2,448 927 2,111 

Hawaii ..................................................................................................................................................................... 8 ( 2

 ) 8 7 621 ( 2 ) 788 570 

Idaho ..................................................................................................................................................................... 8 ( 2

 ) 10 6 778 ( 2 ) 1,156 559 

Illinois ..................................................................................................................................................................... 64 47 29 54 7,210 4,108 3,812 7,471 

Indiana ..................................................................................................................................................................... 37 24 13 25 6,826 2,195 2,609 2,227 

Iowa ..................................................................................................................................................................... 13 7 11 8 1,249 698 1,330 846 

Kansas ..................................................................................................................................................................... 5 6 5 9 406 517 357 1,222 

Kentucky ..................................................................................................................................................................... 29 10 18 20 4,186 950 2,164 2,559 

Louisiana ..................................................................................................................................................................... 20 13 10 28 2,777 757 887 2,554 

Maine ..................................................................................................................................................................... 6 5 ( 2

 ) 7 575 347 ( 2 ) 662 

Maryland ..................................................................................................................................................................... 9 ( 2

 ) ( 2 ) 9 859 ( 2 ) ( 2 ) 906 

Massachusetts ..................................................................................................................................................................... 29 5 6 16 3,307 352 386 1,759 

Michigan ..................................................................................................................................................................... 32 23 27 38 4,704 2,150 4,548 3,556 

Minnesota ..................................................................................................................................................................... 21 6 9 5 2,848 460 2,979 327 

Mississippi ..................................................................................................................................................................... 9 ( 2

 ) ( 2 ) 6 547 ( 2 ) ( 2 ) 419 

Missouri ..................................................................................................................................................................... 18 16 14 15 1,441 1,479 1,429 1,242 

Montana ..................................................................................................................................................................... 4 3 ( 2

 ) ( 2 ) 443 336 ( 2 ) ( 2 ) 

Nebraska ..................................................................................................................................................................... 4 3 5 3 348 548 363 227 

Nevada ..................................................................................................................................................................... 13 9 7 6 961 594 642 420 

New Hampshire ..................................................................................................................................................................... 3 3 ( 2

 ) ( 2 ) 205 480 ( 2 ) ( 2 ) 

New Jersey ..................................................................................................................................................................... 47 25 23 47 4,523 2,749 2,151 4,862 

New Mexico ..................................................................................................................................................................... 8 ( 2

 ) 3 4 495 ( 2 ) 323 346 

New York ..................................................................................................................................................................... 91 26 27 120 9,151 3,612 2,451 19,056 

North Carolina ..................................................................................................................................................................... 21 10 13 20 1,990 912 1,261 1,768 

North Dakota ..................................................................................................................................................................... ( 2

 ) – ( 2 ) – ( 2 ) – ( 2 ) –

Ohio ..................................................................................................................................................................... 62 46 31 51 10,704 4,142 4,167 5,811 

Oklahoma ..................................................................................................................................................................... 6 5 8 5 1,070 413 3,254 425 

Oregon ..................................................................................................................................................................... 22 13 13 33 2,238 986 1,858 3,899 

Pennsylvania ..................................................................................................................................................................... 129 40 61 116 11,004 3,113 6,682 10,897 

Rhode Island ..................................................................................................................................................................... 9 7 3 8 1,137 1,716 219 1,624 

South Carolina ..................................................................................................................................................................... 8 3 6 6 1,228 325 863 796 

South Dakota ..................................................................................................................................................................... ( 2

 ) ( 2 ) ( 2 ) – ( 2 ) ( 2 ) ( 2 ) –

Tennessee ..................................................................................................................................................................... 12 19 14 11 769 1,723 1,231 907 

Texas ..................................................................................................................................................................... 69 52 44 62 6,348 4,062 4,641 5,984 

Utah ..................................................................................................................................................................... 4 4 ( 2

 ) 4 238 295 ( 2 ) 248 

Vermont ..................................................................................................................................................................... 9 ( 2

 ) ( 2 ) 10 784 ( 2 ) ( 2 ) 1,177 

Virginia ..................................................................................................................................................................... 13 8 10 10 1,719 574 1,010 849 

Washington ..................................................................................................................................................................... 34 13 13 22 3,318 1,023 986 2,039 

West Virginia ..................................................................................................................................................................... ( 2

 ) – ( 2 ) ( 2 ) ( 2 ) – ( 2 ) ( 2 ) 

Wisconsin ..................................................................................................................................................................... 76 32 38 67 7,530 2,790 3,866 8,690 

Wyoming ..................................................................................................................................................................... – – ( 2

 ) ( 2 ) – – ( 2 ) ( 2 ) 

Puerto Rico ..................................................................................................................................................................... 13 9 4 11 1,833 891 318 1,147 

 1 See footnote 1, table 2. p

 = preliminary.

 2 Data do not meet BLS or state agency disclosure standards. NOTE: Dash represents zero.