For release 10:00 a.m. (ET) Wednesday, June 23, 2021 USDL-21-1184

Technical information: 

 Employment: sminfo@bls.gov • www.bls.gov/sae 

 Unemployment: lausinfo@bls.gov • www.bls.gov/lau 

Media contact: (202) 691-5902 • PressOffice@bls.gov

STATE EMPLOYMENT AND UNEMPLOYMENT — MAY 2021

Unemployment rates were lower in May in 21 states and the District of Columbia, higher in 1 state, and 

stable in 28 states, the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today. All 50 states and the District had 

jobless rate decreases from a year earlier. The national unemployment rate declined by 0.3 percentage 

point over the month to 5.8 percent and was 7.5 points lower than in May 2020.

Nonfarm payroll employment increased in 14 states, decreased in 1 state, and was essentially unchanged 

in 35 states and the District of Columbia in May 2021. Over the year, nonfarm payroll employment 

increased in all states and the District.

This news release presents statistics from two monthly programs. The civilian labor force and 

unemployment data are modeled based largely on a survey of households. These data pertain to 

individuals by where they reside. The employment data are from an establishment survey that measures 

nonfarm employment, hours, and earnings by industry. These data pertain to jobs on payrolls defined by 

where the establishments are located. For more information about the concepts and statistical 

methodologies used by these two programs, see the Technical Note.

Unemployment

Hawaii had the highest unemployment rate in May, 8.1 percent. The next highest rates were in New 

Mexico, 8.0 percent, and California, 7.9 percent. New Hampshire had the lowest jobless rate, 2.5 

percent, closely followed by Nebraska and Vermont, 2.6 percent each. In total, 27 states had 

unemployment rates lower than the U.S. figure of 5.8 percent, 12 states and the District of Columbia had 

higher rates, and 11 states had rates that were not appreciably different from that of the nation. (See 

tables A and 1 and map 1.)

In May, Delaware and Rhode Island had the largest over-the-month unemployment rate decreases (-0.5

percentage point each), followed by Connecticut, Hawaii, New York, and South Carolina (-0.4 point

each). Ohio had the only rate increase in May (+0.3 percentage point). Twenty-eight states had jobless 

rates that were not notably different from those of a month earlier, though some had changes that were at 

least as large numerically as the significant changes. (See table B.)
-2-

The largest unemployment rate decrease from May 2020 occurred in Nevada (-16.7 percentage points).

The next largest decreases were in Michigan (-15.8 percentage points), Hawaii (-13.8 points), and New 

Hampshire (-10.9 points). The smallest over-the-year jobless rate decreases occurred in the District of 

Columbia (-1.7 percentage points) and New Mexico (-2.0 points). (See table C.)

Nonfarm Payroll Employment

Nonfarm payroll employment increased in 14 states, decreased in 1 state, and was essentially unchanged 

in 35 states and the District of Columbia in May 2021. The largest job gains occurred in California 

(+104,500), Florida (+39,900), and Texas (+34,400). The largest percentage increases occurred in New 

Mexico (+1.1 percent), Nevada (+0.8 percent), and Hawaii (+0.7 percent). Employment decreased in 

Wyoming (-3,800, or -1.4 percent). (See tables D and 3.)

Over the year, nonfarm payroll employment increased in all states and the District of Columbia. The 

largest job increases occurred in California (+1,220,200), New York (+882,500), and Texas (+804,200). 

The largest percentage increases occurred in Nevada (+19.2 percent), Michigan (+16.8 percent), and 

Rhode Island (+13.0 percent). (See table E and map 2.)

_____________

The Metropolitan Area Employment and Unemployment news release for May is scheduled to be 

released on Wednesday, June 30, 2021, at 10:00 a.m. (ET). The State Employment and 

Unemployment news release for June is scheduled to be released on Friday, July 16, 2021, at 10:00 

a.m. (ET).
-3-

Coronavirus (COVID-19) Pandemic Impact on May 2021

Establishment and Household Survey Data

BLS has continued to review all estimation and methodological procedures for the establishment survey, 

which included the review of data, estimation processes, the application of the birth-death model, and 

seasonal adjustment. Business births and deaths cannot be adequately captured by the establishment 

survey as they occur. Therefore, the Current Employment Statistics (CES) program uses a model to 

account for the relatively stable net employment change generated by business births and deaths. Due to 

the impact of COVID-19, the relationship between business births and deaths is no longer stable. 

Typically, reports with zero employment are not included in estimation. For the April final and May 

preliminary estimates, CES included a portion of these reports in the estimates and made modifications 

to the birth-death model. In addition for both months, the establishment survey included a portion of the 

reports that returned to reporting positive employment from reporting zero employment. For more 

information, see www.bls.gov/web/empsit/cesbd.htm.

In the establishment survey, workers who are paid by their employer for all or any part of the pay period 

including the 12th of the month are counted as employed, even if they were not actually at their jobs. 

Workers who are temporarily or permanently absent from their jobs and are not being paid are not 

counted as employed, even if they are continuing to receive benefits. The length of the reference period 

does vary across the respondents in the establishment survey; one-third of businesses have a weekly pay 

period, slightly over 40 percent a bi-weekly, about 20 percent semi-monthly, and a small amount 

monthly.

For the May 2021 estimates of household employment and unemployment from the Local Area 

Unemployment Statistics (LAUS) program, BLS continued to implement level-shift outliers in the 

employment and/or unemployment inputs to the models, based on statistical evaluation of movements in 

each area's inputs. Both the Current Population Survey inputs, which serve as the primary inputs to the 

LAUS models, and the nonfarm payroll employment and unemployment insurance claims covariates 

were examined for outliers. The resulting implementation of level shifts preserved movements in the 

published estimates that the models otherwise would have discounted, without requiring changes to how 

the models create estimates at other points in the time series.

The "Frequently asked questions" document at www.bls.gov/covid19/employment-situation-covid19-

faq-may-2021.htm extensively discusses the impact of a misclassification in the household survey on the 

national estimates for May 2021. Despite the considerable decline in its degree relative to prior months, 

this misclassification continued to be widespread geographically, with BLS analysis indicating that most 

states again were affected to at least some extent. However, according to usual practice, the data from 

the household survey are accepted as recorded. To maintain data integrity, no ad hoc actions are taken to 

reclassify survey responses. Hence, the household survey estimates of employed and unemployed people 

that serve as the primary inputs to the state models were affected to varying degrees by the 

misclassification, which in turn affected the official LAUS estimates for May 2021.

Household data for Puerto Rico are not modeled, but rather are derived from a monthly household 

survey similar to the Current Population Survey. Due to the effects of the pandemic and efforts to 

contain the virus, Puerto Rico had not been able to conduct its household survey for March or April 

2020. Since data collection resumed effective May 2020, the Puerto Rico Department of Labor has 
-4-

reported a misclassification in its household survey similar in nature to the misclassification in the 

Current Population Survey.
-5-

State Rate p

United States 1 ................................................ 5.8

Alabama ........................................................... 3.4

Arizona ............................................................. 6.7

Arkansas .......................................................... 4.4

California .......................................................... 7.9

Connecticut ....................................................... 7.7

District of Columbia ........................................... 7.2

Florida .............................................................. 4.9

Georgia ............................................................ 4.1

Hawaii .............................................................. 8.1

Idaho ................................................................ 3.0

Illinois ............................................................... 7.1

Indiana ............................................................. 4.0

Iowa ................................................................. 3.9

Kansas ............................................................. 3.5

Kentucky .......................................................... 4.5

Louisiana .......................................................... 7.1

Maine ............................................................... 4.7

Michigan ........................................................... 5.0

Minnesota ......................................................... 4.0

Missouri ............................................................ 4.2

Montana ............................................................ 3.6

Nebraska .......................................................... 2.6

Nevada ............................................................. 7.8

New Hampshire ................................................. 2.5

New Jersey ....................................................... 7.2

New Mexico ....................................................... 8.0

New York .......................................................... 7.8

North Carolina ................................................... 4.8

North Dakota ..................................................... 4.0

Ohio ................................................................. 5.0

Oklahoma .......................................................... 4.0

Pennsylvania ..................................................... 6.9

South Carolina .................................................. 4.6

South Dakota .................................................... 2.8

Tennessee ........................................................ 5.0

Texas ................................................................ 6.5

Utah ................................................................. 2.7

Vermont ............................................................ 2.6

Virginia ............................................................. 4.5

Wisconsin ......................................................... 3.9

1

 Data are not preliminary.

p

 = preliminary.

Table A. States with unemployment rates significantly different from that

of the U.S., May 2021, seasonally adjusted
-6-

Table B. States with statistically significant unemployment rate changes from April 2021

to May 2021, seasonally adjusted

April 2021 May 2021 p

California .................................... 8.0 7.9 -0.1

Connecticut ................................. 8.1 7.7 -.4

Delaware .................................... 6.4 5.9 -.5

District of Columbia ..................... 7.5 7.2 -.3

Georgia ...................................... 4.3 4.1 -.2

Hawaii ........................................ 8.5 8.1 -.4

Kentucky .................................... 4.7 4.5 -.2

Massachusetts ............................. 6.4 6.1 -.3

Nebraska .................................... 2.8 2.6 -.2

New Hampshire ........................... 2.8 2.5 -.3

New Jersey ................................. 7.5 7.2 -.3

New York .................................... 8.2 7.8 -.4

North Carolina ............................. 5.0 4.8 -.2

North Dakota ............................... 4.2 4.0 -.2

Ohio ........................................... 4.7 5.0 .3

Oklahoma .................................... 4.1 4.0 -.1

Pennsylvania ............................... 7.1 6.9 -.2

Rhode Island ............................... 6.3 5.8 -.5

South Carolina ............................ 5.0 4.6 -.4

Texas .......................................... 6.7 6.5 -.2

Vermont ...................................... 2.9 2.6 -.3

Virginia ....................................... 4.7 4.5 -.2

West Virginia .............................. 5.8 5.5 -.3

p

 = preliminary.

State

Rate Over-the-month 

change p
-7-

Table C. States with statistically significant unemployment rate changes from May 2020

to May 2021, seasonally adjusted

May 2020 May 2021 p

Alabama ..................................... 7.9 3.4 -4.5

Alaska ........................................ 11.6 6.7 -4.9

Arizona ....................................... 10.6 6.7 -3.9

Arkansas .................................... 8.5 4.4 -4.1

California .................................... 15.6 7.9 -7.7

Colorado ..................................... 11.6 6.2 -5.4

Connecticut ................................. 11.4 7.7 -3.7

Delaware .................................... 13.3 5.9 -7.4

District of Columbia ..................... 8.9 7.2 -1.7

Florida ........................................ 14.2 4.9 -9.3

Georgia ...................................... 9.4 4.1 -5.3

Hawaii ........................................ 21.9 8.1 -13.8

Idaho .......................................... 8.3 3.0 -5.3

Illinois ......................................... 15.4 7.1 -8.3

Indiana ....................................... 12.0 4.0 -8.0

Iowa ........................................... 8.3 3.9 -4.4

Kansas ....................................... 9.0 3.5 -5.5

Kentucky .................................... 10.9 4.5 -6.4

Louisiana .................................... 13.1 7.1 -6.0

Maine ......................................... 8.3 4.7 -3.6

Maryland ..................................... 9.0 6.1 -2.9

Massachusetts ............................. 15.3 6.1 -9.2

Michigan ..................................... 20.8 5.0 -15.8

Minnesota ................................... 11.3 4.0 -7.3

Mississippi .................................. 11.0 6.1 -4.9

Missouri ...................................... 9.6 4.2 -5.4

Montana ...................................... 9.1 3.6 -5.5

Nebraska .................................... 5.4 2.6 -2.8

Nevada ....................................... 24.5 7.8 -16.7

New Hampshire ........................... 13.4 2.5 -10.9

New Jersey ................................. 16.5 7.2 -9.3

New Mexico ................................. 10.0 8.0 -2.0

New York .................................... 15.7 7.8 -7.9

North Carolina ............................. 13.5 4.8 -8.7

North Dakota ............................... 8.7 4.0 -4.7

Ohio ........................................... 14.9 5.0 -9.9

Oklahoma .................................... 9.5 4.0 -5.5

Oregon ....................................... 11.7 5.9 -5.8

Pennsylvania ............................... 13.5 6.9 -6.6

Rhode Island ............................... 12.9 5.8 -7.1

South Carolina ............................ 11.5 4.6 -6.9

South Dakota .............................. 7.0 2.8 -4.2

Tennessee .................................. 9.6 5.0 -4.6

Texas .......................................... 11.6 6.5 -5.1

Utah ........................................... 7.6 2.7 -4.9

Vermont ...................................... 9.3 2.6 -6.7

Virginia ....................................... 8.5 4.5 -4.0

Washington ................................. 12.5 5.3 -7.2

West Virginia .............................. 11.9 5.5 -6.4

Wisconsin ................................... 10.4 3.9 -6.5

Wyoming .................................... 8.5 5.4 -3.1

p

 = preliminary.

State

Rate Over-the-year 

change p
-8-

Table D. States with statistically significant employment changes from April 2021 to

May 2021, seasonally adjusted

April May

2021 2021 p Level Percent

Arizona ....................................... 2,896,000 2,908,800 12,800 0.4

California .................................... 16,248,400 16,352,900 104,500 .6

Colorado ..................................... 2,691,300 2,708,400 17,100 .6

Connecticut ................................. 1,581,300 1,589,100 7,800 .5

Florida ........................................ 8,577,800 8,617,700 39,900 .5

Hawaii ........................................ 560,600 564,600 4,000 .7

Maryland ..................................... 2,633,600 2,645,100 11,500 .4

Minnesota ................................... 2,817,400 2,829,700 12,300 .4

Nevada ....................................... 1,308,200 1,318,400 10,200 .8

New Jersey ................................. 3,901,800 3,915,400 13,600 .3

 

New Mexico ................................. 789,200 797,800 8,600 1.1

Oregon ....................................... 1,843,800 1,850,700 6,900 .4

Pennsylvania ............................... 5,665,700 5,684,200 18,500 .3

Texas .......................................... 12,526,500 12,560,900 34,400 .3

Wyoming .................................... 275,600 271,800 -3,800 -1.4

p

 = preliminary.

State Over-the-month change p
-9-

Table E. States with statistically significant employment changes from May 2020 to

May 2021, seasonally adjusted

May May

2020 2021 p Level Percent

Alabama ..................................... 1,886,000 2,008,900 122,900 6.5

Alaska ........................................ 283,300 304,600 21,300 7.5

Arizona ....................................... 2,745,400 2,908,800 163,400 6.0

Arkansas .................................... 1,194,000 1,264,200 70,200 5.9

California .................................... 15,132,700 16,352,900 1,220,200 8.1

Colorado ..................................... 2,519,800 2,708,400 188,600 7.5

Connecticut ................................. 1,437,500 1,589,100 151,600 10.5

Delaware .................................... 403,800 443,900 40,100 9.9

District of Columbia ..................... 718,200 740,500 22,300 3.1

Florida ........................................ 8,050,900 8,617,700 566,800 7.0

 

Georgia ...................................... 4,185,300 4,481,100 295,800 7.1

Hawaii ........................................ 509,200 564,600 55,400 10.9

Idaho .......................................... 718,800 782,700 63,900 8.9

Illinois ......................................... 5,329,800 5,720,400 390,600 7.3

Indiana ....................................... 2,785,700 3,031,700 246,000 8.8

Iowa ........................................... 1,421,200 1,518,400 97,200 6.8

Kansas ....................................... 1,301,700 1,370,000 68,300 5.2

Kentucky .................................... 1,692,200 1,865,400 173,200 10.2

Louisiana .................................... 1,732,800 1,829,200 96,400 5.6

Maine ......................................... 557,800 610,600 52,800 9.5

 

Maryland ..................................... 2,408,400 2,645,100 236,700 9.8

Massachusetts ............................. 3,090,400 3,448,100 357,700 11.6

Michigan ..................................... 3,520,800 4,113,300 592,500 16.8

Minnesota ................................... 2,598,800 2,829,700 230,900 8.9

Mississippi .................................. 1,045,500 1,123,500 78,000 7.5

Missouri ...................................... 2,623,100 2,818,000 194,900 7.4

Montana ...................................... 449,200 479,900 30,700 6.8

Nebraska .................................... 945,900 1,005,500 59,600 6.3

Nevada ....................................... 1,105,700 1,318,400 212,700 19.2

New Hampshire ........................... 589,800 657,100 67,300 11.4

 

New Jersey ................................. 3,519,200 3,915,400 396,200 11.3

New Mexico ................................. 757,700 797,800 40,100 5.3

New York .................................... 8,011,300 8,893,800 882,500 11.0

North Carolina ............................. 4,124,400 4,461,700 337,300 8.2

North Dakota ............................... 394,300 417,000 22,700 5.8

Ohio ........................................... 4,893,500 5,289,200 395,700 8.1

Oklahoma .................................... 1,566,700 1,627,100 60,400 3.9

Oregon ....................................... 1,704,500 1,850,700 146,200 8.6

Pennsylvania ............................... 5,155,000 5,684,200 529,200 10.3

Rhode Island ............................... 414,300 468,300 54,000 13.0

 

South Carolina ............................ 1,957,100 2,115,700 158,600 8.1

South Dakota .............................. 404,300 434,300 30,000 7.4

Tennessee .................................. 2,834,200 3,065,700 231,500 8.2

Texas .......................................... 11,756,700 12,560,900 804,200 6.8

Utah ........................................... 1,477,300 1,594,400 117,100 7.9

Vermont ...................................... 266,500 293,400 26,900 10.1

Virginia ....................................... 3,633,200 3,888,500 255,300 7.0

Washington ................................. 3,098,200 3,350,000 251,800 8.1

West Virginia .............................. 630,500 682,500 52,000 8.2

Wisconsin ................................... 2,641,700 2,860,300 218,600 8.3

Wyoming..................................... 262,100 271,800 9,700 3.7

p

 = preliminary.

State Over-the-year change p
Technical Note

Special technical note: This technical note describes the 

procedures regularly used on a monthly basis to develop 

estimates from the CES survey and the LAUS program. Due to 

the COVID-19 pandemic, some of the procedures described in 

this technical note have been modified. The modifications are 

briefly described in the box note of this news release. More 

information on the changes to the CES business birth-death 

model is available at www.bls.gov/web/empsit/cesbd.htm.

This news release presents civilian labor force and 

unemployment data for states and selected substate areas from 

the Local Area Unemployment Statistics (LAUS) program 

(tables 1 and 2). Also presented are nonfarm payroll 

employment estimates by state and industry supersector from 

the Current Employment Statistics (CES) program (tables 3 and 

4). The LAUS and CES programs are both federal-state 

cooperative endeavors.

Civilian labor force and unemployment—from the 

LAUS program

 Definitions. The civilian labor force and unemployment 

data are based on the same concepts and definitions as those 

used for the official national estimates obtained from the 

Current Population Survey (CPS), a sample survey of 

households that is conducted for the Bureau of Labor Statistics 

(BLS) by the U.S. Census Bureau. The LAUS program 

measures employed people and unemployed people on a placeof-residence basis. The universe for each is the civilian 

noninstitutional population 16 years of age and older. 

Employed people are those who did any work at all for pay or 

profit in the reference week (typically the week including the 

12th of the month) or worked 15 hours or more without pay in 

a family business or farm, plus those not working who had a job 

from which they were temporarily absent, whether or not paid, 

for such reasons as bad weather, labor-management dispute, 

illness, or vacation. 

 Unemployed people are those who were not employed during 

the reference week (based on the definition above), had actively 

looked for a job sometime in the 4-week period ending with the 

reference week, and were currently available for work; people

on layoff expecting recall need not be looking for work to be 

counted as unemployed. The civilian labor force is the sum of 

employed and unemployed people. The unemployment rate is 

the number of unemployed as a percent of the civilian labor 

force.

 Method of estimation. Estimates for 48 states, the District 

of Columbia, the Los Angeles-Long Beach-Glendale 

metropolitan division, New York City, and the balances of 

California and New York State are produced using time-series 

models. This method, which underwent substantial 

enhancement at the beginning of 2021, utilizes data from 

several sources, including the CPS, the CES, and state 

unemployment insurance (UI) programs. Estimates for the state 

of California are derived by summing the estimates for the Los 

Angeles-Long Beach-Glendale metropolitan division and the 

balance of California. Similarly, estimates for New York State

are derived by summing the estimates for New York City and 

the balance of New York State. Estimates for the five additional 

substate areas contained in this release (the Cleveland-Elyria 

and Detroit-Warren-Dearborn metropolitan areas and the 

Chicago-Naperville-Arlington Heights, Miami-Miami BeachKendall, and Seattle-Bellevue-Everett metropolitan divisions) 

and their respective balances of state are produced using a 

similar model-based approach.

 Each month, estimates for the nine census divisions first are

modeled using inputs from the CPS only and controlled to the 

national totals. State estimates then are controlled to their 

respective census division totals. Substate and balance-of-state 

estimates for the five areas noted above also are controlled to 

their respective state totals. This tiered process of controlling 

model-based estimates to the U.S. totals is called real-time 

benchmarking. Estimates for Puerto Rico are derived from a 

monthly household survey similar to the CPS. A more detailed 

description of the estimation procedures is available from BLS 

upon request.

 Annual revisions. Civilian labor force and unemployment 

data for prior years reflect adjustments made after the end of 

each year. The adjusted estimates reflect updated population 

data from the U.S. Census Bureau, any revisions in the other 

data sources, and model re-estimation. In most years, historical 

data for the most recent five years are revised near the 

beginning of each calendar year, prior to the release of January 

estimates. With the introduction of a new generation of timesseries models in 2021, historical data were re-estimated back to 

the series beginnings in 1976, 1990, or 1994.

 Seasonal adjustment. The LAUS models decompose the 

estimates of employed and unemployed people into trend, 

seasonal, and irregular components. The benchmarked signals 

of employed and unemployed people first are adjusted using an 

X-11 type of seasonal adjustment filter. The adjusted data then 

are smoothed using a Reproducing Kernel Hilbert Space 

(RKHS) filter. The smoothed-seasonally adjusted estimates of 

employed and unemployed people are summed to derive the 

civilian labor force, and the unemployment rate then is 

calculated as the unemployed percent of the civilian labor force. 

The resulting smoothed-seasonally adjusted unemployment 

rate estimates are analyzed in this news release and published 

on the BLS website. 

 During estimation for the current year, the smoothedseasonally adjusted estimates for a given month are created 

using an asymmetric filter that incorporates information from 

previous observations only. For annual revisions, historical data 

are smoothed using a two-sided filter.

 Area definitions. The substate area data published in this 

release reflect the delineations that were issued by the U.S. 

Office of Management and Budget on April 10, 2018. A 

detailed list of the geographic definitions is available online at 

www.bls.gov/lau/lausmsa.htm. 

Employment—from the CES program

 Definitions. Employment data refer to persons on 

establishment payrolls who receive pay for any part of the pay 
period that includes the 12th of the month. Persons are counted 

at their place of work rather than at their place of residence; 

those appearing on more than one payroll are counted on each 

payroll. Industries are classified on the basis of their principal 

activity in accordance with the 2017 version of the North 

American Industry Classification System.

 Method of estimation. CES State and Area employment 

data are produced using several estimation procedures. Where 

possible these data are produced using a "weighted link 

relative" estimation technique in which a ratio of current-month 

weighted employment to that of the previous-month weighted 

employment is computed from a sample of establishments 

reporting for both months. The estimates of employment for the 

current month are then obtained by multiplying these ratios by 

the previous month’s employment estimates. The weighted link 

relative technique is utilized for data series where the sample 

size meets certain statistical criteria. 

 For some employment series, the sample of establishments is 

very small or highly variable. In these cases, a model-based 

approach is used in estimation. These models use the direct 

sample estimates (described above), combined with forecasts of 

historical (benchmarked) data to decrease volatility in 

estimation. Two different models (Fay-Herriot Model and 

Small Domain Model) are used depending on the industry level 

being estimated. For more detailed information about each 

model, refer to the BLS Handbook of Methods.

 Annual revisions. Employment estimates are adjusted 

annually to a complete count of jobs, called benchmarks, 

derived principally from tax reports that are submitted by 

employers who are covered under state unemployment 

insurance (UI) laws. The benchmark information is used to 

adjust the monthly estimates between the new benchmark and 

the preceding one and also to establish the level of employment 

for the new benchmark month. Thus, the benchmarking process 

establishes the level of employment, and the sample is used to 

measure the month-to-month changes in the level for the 

subsequent months. Information on recent benchmark revisions 

is available online at www.bls.gov/web/laus/benchmark.pdf.

 Seasonal adjustment. Payroll employment data are 

seasonally adjusted at the statewide expanded supersector level. 

In some cases, the seasonally adjusted payroll employment total 

is computed by aggregating the independently adjusted 

supersector series. In other cases, the seasonally adjusted 

payroll employment total is independently adjusted. Revisions 

to historical data for the most recent five years are made once a 

year, coincident with annual benchmark adjustments.

 Payroll employment data are seasonally adjusted 

concurrently, using all available estimates, including those for 

the current month, to develop sample-based seasonal factors.

Concurrent sample-based factors are created every month for 

the current month’s preliminary estimate as well as the previous 

month’s final estimate.

 Caution on aggregating state data. State estimation 

procedures are designed to produce accurate data for each 

individual state. BLS independently develops a national

employment series; state estimates are not forced to sum to 

national totals. Each state series is subject to larger relative 

sampling and nonsampling errors than the national series.

Summing state estimates cumulates individual state-level errors 

and can cause significant distortions at an aggregate level. Due 

to these statistical limitations, BLS does not compile a "sum-ofstates" employment series, and cautions users that such a series 

is subject to a relatively large and volatile error structure.

Reliability of the estimates

 The estimates presented in this release are based on sample 

surveys, administrative data, and modeling and, thus, are 

subject to sampling and other types of errors. Sampling error is 

a measure of sampling variability—that is, variation that occurs 

by chance because a sample rather than the entire population is 

surveyed. Survey data also are subject to nonsampling errors, 

such as those which can be introduced into the data collection 

and processing operations. Estimates not directly derived from 

sample surveys are subject to additional errors resulting from 

the specific estimation processes used.

 Use of error measures. Changes in state unemployment 

rates and state nonfarm payroll employment are cited in the 

analysis of this release only if they have been determined to be 

statistically significant at the 90-percent confidence level. 

Furthermore, state unemployment rates for the current month 

generally are cited only if they have been determined to be 

significantly different from the U.S. rate at the 90-percent 

confidence level. The underlying model-based standard error 

measures for unemployment rates and over-the-month and 

over-the-year changes in rates are available at 

www.bls.gov/lau/lastderr.htm. The underlying standard error 

measures for 1-month, 3-month, and 12-month changes in 

payroll employment data at the total nonfarm and supersector 

levels for states, and total nonfarm level for metropolitan areas 

and divisions, are available at 

www.bls.gov/web/laus/790stderr.htm. Measures of 

nonsampling error are not available.

Additional information

 Estimates of civilian labor force and unemployment from the 

LAUS program, as well as nonfarm payroll employment from 

the CES program, for metropolitan areas and metropolitan 

divisions are available in the news release Metropolitan Area 

Employment and Unemployment. Estimates of civilian labor 

force, employed people, unemployed people, and 

unemployment rates for approximately 7,500 subnational areas 

are available online at www.bls.gov/lau/. Employment data 

from the CES program for states and metropolitan areas are 

available online at www.bls.gov/sae/. Information in this 

release will be made available to sensory impaired individuals 

upon request. Voice phone: (202) 691-5200; Federal Relay 

Service: (800) 877-8339.
LABOR FORCE DATA

SEASONALLY ADJUSTED

Table 1. Civilian labor force and unemployment by state and selected area, seasonally adjusted

State and area

Civilian labor force Unemployed

May

2020

Mar.

2021

Apr.

2021

May

2021p

Number Percent of labor force

May

2020

Mar.

2021

Apr.

2021

May

2021p

May

2020

Mar.

2021

Apr.

2021

May

2021p

Alabama. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,218,789 2,235,958 2,231,960 2,225,648 174,680 84,716 79,319 75,458 7.9 3.8 3.6 3.4

Alaska. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 345,359 348,796 350,821 350,818 40,112 23,355 23,356 23,378 11.6 6.7 6.7 6.7

Arizona. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,619,124 3,587,157 3,598,776 3,612,045 382,642 240,210 239,986 242,763 10.6 6.7 6.7 6.7

Arkansas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,352,008 1,360,097 1,362,498 1,357,765 114,735 60,184 59,840 59,078 8.5 4.4 4.4 4.4

California. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18,392,528 18,920,603 18,895,158 18,907,620 2,863,209 1,579,280 1,516,672 1,489,611 15.6 8.3 8.0 7.9

Los Angeles-Long Beach-Glendale1. . . . 4,674,063 5,106,514 5,103,877 5,131,412 877,724 580,583 568,935 572,026 18.8 11.4 11.1 11.1

Colorado. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,105,848 3,188,386 3,196,815 3,198,103 360,975 205,220 203,982 198,071 11.6 6.4 6.4 6.2

Connecticut. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,886,540 1,729,562 1,741,642 1,751,300 215,410 143,026 140,423 134,928 11.4 8.3 8.1 7.7

Delaware. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 475,201 489,354 489,410 486,924 62,974 31,623 31,102 28,622 13.3 6.5 6.4 5.9

District of Columbia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 397,922 406,901 406,223 405,288 35,508 31,516 30,556 29,203 8.9 7.7 7.5 7.2

Florida. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9,949,585 10,170,003 10,241,583 10,314,059 1,416,421 474,423 487,752 502,684 14.2 4.7 4.8 4.9

Miami-Miami Beach-Kendall1. . . . . . . . . . . 1,193,845 1,296,562 1,296,333 1,306,272 122,022 105,336 99,638 97,024 10.2 8.1 7.7 7.4

Georgia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,030,665 5,161,071 5,172,979 5,160,501 472,629 232,026 221,903 211,717 9.4 4.5 4.3 4.1

Hawaii. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 638,894 649,963 649,595 647,452 140,209 59,081 55,180 52,149 21.9 9.1 8.5 8.1

Idaho. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 882,245 899,355 900,381 901,494 73,250 28,790 28,216 27,351 8.3 3.2 3.1 3.0

Illinois. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,158,659 6,129,324 6,146,496 6,158,294 946,880 436,076 438,442 436,789 15.4 7.1 7.1 7.1

Chicago-Naperville-Arlington Heights1. . . 3,606,097 3,577,537 3,592,884 3,610,552 578,441 293,417 290,436 292,392 16.0 8.2 8.1 8.1

Indiana. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,264,747 3,336,773 3,337,128 3,343,498 390,448 130,146 131,301 134,593 12.0 3.9 3.9 4.0

Iowa. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,660,842 1,637,966 1,641,196 1,647,496 137,780 60,818 62,161 63,492 8.3 3.7 3.8 3.9

Kansas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,488,938 1,510,302 1,508,524 1,509,664 134,272 56,316 52,753 52,686 9.0 3.7 3.5 3.5

Kentucky. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,073,314 1,990,742 1,990,096 1,988,165 226,560 99,621 94,027 88,896 10.9 5.0 4.7 4.5

Louisiana. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,039,684 2,074,302 2,068,859 2,069,361 267,938 152,530 149,336 146,333 13.1 7.4 7.2 7.1

Maine. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 681,019 673,127 673,890 674,036 56,255 32,591 32,510 31,414 8.3 4.8 4.8 4.7

Maryland. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,135,302 3,110,072 3,118,160 3,122,554 280,828 193,346 194,544 190,323 9.0 6.2 6.2 6.1

Massachusetts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,609,060 3,744,412 3,745,672 3,747,609 552,627 252,157 240,836 229,030 15.3 6.7 6.4 6.1

Michigan. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,695,183 4,703,325 4,701,286 4,710,491 976,829 238,881 231,547 234,874 20.8 5.1 4.9 5.0

Detroit-Warren-Dearborn2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,944,864 2,014,655 2,015,654 2,024,612 473,508 91,108 86,737 89,590 24.3 4.5 4.3 4.4

Minnesota. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,087,954 3,022,453 3,022,872 3,029,493 348,262 126,006 123,158 120,869 11.3 4.2 4.1 4.0

Mississippi. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,227,107 1,280,842 1,281,003 1,280,331 135,173 79,988 79,526 78,491 11.0 6.2 6.2 6.1

Missouri. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,891,970 3,062,200 3,071,157 3,075,597 278,905 128,061 126,946 128,770 9.6 4.2 4.1 4.2

Montana. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 528,223 531,503 533,040 534,948 48,093 19,965 19,672 19,359 9.1 3.8 3.7 3.6

Nebraska. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,031,661 1,019,886 1,018,586 1,019,000 55,744 29,945 28,237 26,761 5.4 2.9 2.8 2.6

Nevada. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,435,029 1,552,395 1,559,925 1,564,428 351,694 125,900 125,086 122,529 24.5 8.1 8.0 7.8

New Hampshire. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 766,838 759,327 757,260 753,792 102,630 22,866 21,375 18,613 13.4 3.0 2.8 2.5

New Jersey. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,479,720 4,419,712 4,421,267 4,415,087 738,165 336,146 332,102 319,794 16.5 7.6 7.5 7.2

New Mexico. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 909,383 956,628 954,446 953,346 90,681 78,992 77,403 76,047 10.0 8.3 8.1 8.0

New York. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8,950,469 9,523,660 9,502,491 9,430,549 1,407,597 804,285 774,931 736,420 15.7 8.4 8.2 7.8

New York City. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,657,013 4,115,279 4,115,809 4,062,855 733,116 479,438 467,517 440,867 20.0 11.7 11.4 10.9

North Carolina. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,799,209 5,016,451 5,013,115 4,996,874 647,514 258,974 251,214 239,523 13.5 5.2 5.0 4.8

North Dakota. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 412,262 403,880 403,550 403,365 35,724 17,646 16,849 15,964 8.7 4.4 4.2 4.0

Ohio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,831,829 5,750,618 5,766,961 5,548,717 866,602 271,280 272,892 277,777 14.9 4.7 4.7 5.0

Cleveland-Elyria2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,019,420 997,182 1,000,316 1,002,561 175,473 49,361 47,510 47,642 17.2 5.0 4.7 4.8

Oklahoma. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,831,486 1,865,563 1,864,383 1,865,369 174,118 79,467 77,101 73,855 9.5 4.3 4.1 4.0

Oregon. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,121,025 2,156,656 2,160,917 2,167,197 247,642 129,914 128,212 126,932 11.7 6.0 5.9 5.9

Pennsylvania. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,412,123 6,335,821 6,321,342 6,314,909 862,639 461,514 449,884 433,526 13.5 7.3 7.1 6.9

Rhode Island. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 520,943 541,513 539,634 538,179 67,251 38,163 33,849 31,187 12.9 7.0 6.3 5.8

South Carolina. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,365,735 2,388,097 2,381,361 2,388,088 273,164 120,655 118,395 110,339 11.5 5.1 5.0 4.6

South Dakota. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 458,811 469,038 469,423 470,086 32,232 13,471 13,087 12,949 7.0 2.9 2.8 2.8

Tennessee. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,150,509 3,316,335 3,325,342 3,334,094 302,359 168,455 167,022 166,164 9.6 5.1 5.0 5.0

Texas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13,567,930 14,032,262 14,034,972 14,053,405 1,575,199 967,379 947,218 920,389 11.6 6.9 6.7 6.5

Utah. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,583,682 1,632,021 1,636,468 1,641,403 119,690 46,513 45,209 44,352 7.6 2.9 2.8 2.7

Vermont. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 332,962 313,062 312,790 313,168 31,039 9,160 8,951 8,033 9.3 2.9 2.9 2.6

Virginia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,274,171 4,238,036 4,225,810 4,229,852 361,889 214,435 197,328 189,267 8.5 5.1 4.7 4.5

Washington. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,904,883 3,850,738 3,861,172 3,875,575 487,296 210,801 209,404 205,247 12.5 5.5 5.4 5.3

Seattle-Bellevue-Everett1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,712,265 1,747,518 1,750,191 1,748,401 211,658 93,960 93,521 89,985 12.4 5.4 5.3 5.1

West Virginia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 780,907 795,672 795,963 794,543 92,761 47,282 45,891 43,636 11.9 5.9 5.8 5.5

Wisconsin. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,052,908 3,066,278 3,075,683 3,084,945 316,637 117,330 119,701 119,658 10.4 3.8 3.9 3.9

Wyoming. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 300,611 295,613 296,150 296,321 25,515 15,725 15,967 16,042 8.5 5.3 5.4 5.4

Puerto Rico. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,058,509 1,051,542 1,057,626 1,064,488 90,279 92,430 88,360 86,946 8.5 8.8 8.4 8.2

1 Metropolitan division.

2 Metropolitan statistical area.

p Preliminary

NOTE: Data refer to place of residence. Data for Puerto Rico are derived from a monthly household survey similar to the Current Population Survey. Area definitions are based on Office of

Management and Budget Bulletin No. 18-03, dated April 10, 2018, and are available on the BLS website at https://www.bls.gov/lau/lausmsa.htm. Estimates for the latest month are subject to revision

the following month.
LABOR FORCE DATA

NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED

Table 2. Civilian labor force and unemployment by state and selected area, not seasonally adjusted

State and area

Civilian labor force Unemployed

April May Number Percent of labor force

2020 2021 2020 2021p

April May April May

2020 2021 2020 2021p 2020 2021 2020 2021p

Alabama. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,175,494 2,222,794 2,211,140 2,208,901 276,037 65,092 168,304 63,643 12.7 2.9 7.6 2.9

Alaska. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 341,223 348,398 345,972 351,548 42,175 24,425 41,361 23,557 12.4 7.0 12.0 6.7

Arizona. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,523,144 3,609,550 3,613,337 3,626,864 499,744 232,992 387,259 242,461 14.2 6.5 10.7 6.7

Arkansas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,367,099 1,367,128 1,359,019 1,366,507 132,291 58,531 118,575 60,425 9.7 4.3 8.7 4.4

California. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18,451,970 18,813,978 18,348,132 18,949,731 2,944,524 1,521,536 2,834,868 1,426,083 16.0 8.1 15.5 7.5

Los Angeles-Long Beach-Glendale1. . . . 4,759,257 5,121,321 4,665,805 5,120,326 866,928 572,908 878,281 519,476 18.2 11.2 18.8 10.1

Colorado. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,959,510 3,182,413 3,084,205 3,177,068 360,423 199,970 360,601 182,559 12.2 6.3 11.7 5.7

Connecticut. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,805,067 1,739,813 1,882,909 1,741,469 151,084 131,354 219,130 104,216 8.4 7.5 11.6 6.0

Delaware. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 473,726 489,892 476,031 483,191 63,108 29,925 64,570 24,845 13.3 6.1 13.6 5.1

District of Columbia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 405,479 401,023 396,512 402,951 42,947 26,517 35,665 25,562 10.6 6.6 9.0 6.3

Florida. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9,717,870 10,364,012 9,972,760 10,458,871 1,348,861 535,519 1,428,081 523,442 13.9 5.2 14.3 5.0

Miami-Miami Beach-Kendall1. . . . . . . . . . . 1,200,734 1,310,760 1,190,613 1,323,340 123,408 90,874 122,125 88,740 10.3 6.9 10.3 6.7

Georgia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,950,530 5,172,654 5,024,074 5,146,949 602,733 200,416 475,469 199,083 12.2 3.9 9.5 3.9

Hawaii. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 636,024 652,263 635,899 645,113 139,050 52,049 139,572 48,377 21.9 8.0 21.9 7.5

Idaho. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 868,898 900,639 883,908 905,050 100,962 30,501 75,012 26,516 11.6 3.4 8.5 2.9

Illinois. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,964,800 6,157,687 6,130,554 6,172,284 970,481 436,317 936,083 412,826 16.3 7.1 15.3 6.7

Chicago-Naperville-Arlington Heights1. . . 3,469,702 3,611,785 3,572,949 3,628,368 569,547 285,272 565,966 284,928 16.4 7.9 15.8 7.9

Indiana. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,198,078 3,328,155 3,267,075 3,364,236 528,808 140,724 388,902 150,077 16.5 4.2 11.9 4.5

Iowa. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,704,471 1,654,353 1,655,737 1,657,304 188,141 66,189 137,551 66,626 11.0 4.0 8.3 4.0

Kansas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,476,015 1,498,651 1,484,126 1,503,306 184,383 50,588 137,808 55,364 12.5 3.4 9.3 3.7

Kentucky. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,078,415 1,983,308 2,078,339 1,981,545 347,938 76,562 231,384 76,479 16.7 3.9 11.1 3.9

Louisiana. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,033,649 2,061,021 2,041,909 2,070,465 259,225 137,274 275,240 138,453 12.7 6.7 13.5 6.7

Maine. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 648,822 670,279 677,547 672,232 63,329 35,264 58,628 31,714 9.8 5.3 8.7 4.7

Maryland. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,104,331 3,113,254 3,130,185 3,122,889 273,123 183,551 290,402 182,141 8.8 5.9 9.3 5.8

Massachusetts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,382,826 3,702,672 3,585,611 3,733,956 550,084 219,829 552,517 227,424 16.3 5.9 15.4 6.1

Michigan. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,530,016 4,647,038 4,711,928 4,723,959 1,070,661 213,922 994,641 246,399 23.6 4.6 21.1 5.2

Detroit-Warren-Dearborn2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,913,920 1,992,674 1,943,895 2,027,452 470,539 73,829 481,970 92,723 24.6 3.7 24.8 4.6

Minnesota. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,999,206 3,016,125 3,085,306 3,040,263 273,494 125,714 343,985 111,722 9.1 4.2 11.1 3.7

Mississippi. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,213,416 1,274,354 1,232,242 1,277,983 186,761 75,367 141,301 77,566 15.4 5.9 11.5 6.1

Missouri. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,971,380 3,077,698 2,899,861 3,100,576 365,793 125,042 282,688 144,934 12.3 4.1 9.7 4.7

Montana. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 538,926 535,765 528,665 541,147 64,616 20,829 46,920 17,296 12.0 3.9 8.9 3.2

Nebraska. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,048,382 1,013,887 1,033,445 1,023,092 77,217 23,235 56,164 23,586 7.4 2.3 5.4 2.3

Nevada. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,491,235 1,553,171 1,434,996 1,562,551 442,479 122,685 353,210 119,827 29.7 7.9 24.6 7.7

New Hampshire. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 728,134 742,918 759,191 734,656 117,573 19,832 102,490 10,017 16.1 2.7 13.5 1.4

New Jersey. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,439,001 4,391,801 4,467,266 4,390,151 729,319 310,460 742,793 301,236 16.4 7.1 16.6 6.9

New Mexico. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 904,428 949,169 905,575 946,564 88,126 72,165 90,120 69,997 9.7 7.6 10.0 7.4

New York. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8,801,907 9,385,870 8,919,480 9,269,604 1,429,063 724,778 1,401,883 640,203 16.2 7.7 15.7 6.9

New York City. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,682,054 4,086,261 3,640,749 3,985,451 571,397 439,660 735,766 390,831 15.5 10.8 20.2 9.8

North Carolina. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,660,070 4,974,688 4,812,007 4,959,097 613,315 218,069 659,606 222,136 13.2 4.4 13.7 4.5

North Dakota. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 406,306 401,220 413,655 405,462 36,163 16,351 34,839 14,191 8.9 4.1 8.4 3.5

Ohio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,521,458 5,760,125 5,805,415 5,522,832 921,291 274,461 846,651 277,034 16.7 4.8 14.6 5.0

Cleveland-Elyria2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 992,562 1,005,809 1,015,990 999,777 215,932 46,194 175,325 50,970 21.8 4.6 17.3 5.1

Oklahoma. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,805,213 1,841,830 1,833,616 1,869,907 230,094 66,435 180,775 68,577 12.7 3.6 9.9 3.7

Oregon. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,035,126 2,155,161 2,111,005 2,165,460 267,428 126,731 245,554 118,452 13.1 5.9 11.6 5.5

Pennsylvania. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,247,158 6,233,518 6,414,340 6,248,218 995,987 392,554 881,094 360,636 15.9 6.3 13.7 5.8

Rhode Island. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 537,571 533,353 518,972 532,629 94,316 26,944 70,540 25,739 17.5 5.1 13.6 4.8

South Carolina. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,339,790 2,371,533 2,370,836 2,382,434 258,154 103,615 270,209 86,426 11.0 4.4 11.4 3.6

South Dakota. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 466,394 468,642 459,424 471,821 44,088 14,000 32,727 13,454 9.5 3.0 7.1 2.9

Tennessee. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,161,316 3,327,729 3,149,838 3,336,728 492,948 155,488 307,225 151,892 15.6 4.7 9.8 4.6

Texas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13,326,311 14,060,909 13,549,965 14,061,243 1,698,726 897,924 1,592,840 829,251 12.7 6.4 11.8 5.9

Utah. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,611,373 1,642,115 1,579,138 1,666,112 163,709 46,280 120,686 44,905 10.2 2.8 7.6 2.7

Vermont. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 348,360 312,581 330,491 312,428 52,241 9,437 31,187 4,499 15.0 3.0 9.4 1.4

Virginia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,369,898 4,216,376 4,263,233 4,238,174 481,130 166,057 367,260 173,758 11.0 3.9 8.6 4.1

Washington. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,964,302 3,898,749 3,899,857 3,908,226 646,752 220,275 496,674 206,412 16.3 5.6 12.7 5.3

Seattle-Bellevue-Everett1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,700,133 1,750,798 1,709,000 1,739,233 274,790 89,145 214,689 86,529 16.2 5.1 12.6 5.0

West Virginia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 763,219 792,533 786,764 790,096 118,890 45,323 96,576 39,141 15.6 5.7 12.3 5.0

Wisconsin. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,033,527 3,072,925 3,045,283 3,088,352 452,666 133,910 326,531 121,450 14.9 4.4 10.7 3.9

Wyoming. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 288,142 293,740 298,976 294,589 16,751 16,723 26,021 15,933 5.8 5.7 8.7 5.4

Puerto Rico. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . – 1,080,300 1,035,192 1,087,123 – 75,484 99,121 87,629 – 7.0 9.6 8.1

1 Metropolitan division.

2 Metropolitan statistical area.

p Preliminary

–Data not available

NOTE: Data refer to place of residence. Data for Puerto Rico are derived from a monthly household survey similar to the Current Population Survey. Area definitions are based on Office of Management

and Budget Bulletin No. 18-03, dated April 10, 2018, and are available on the BLS website at https://www.bls.gov/lau/lausmsa.htm. Estimates for the latest month are subject to revision the following

month.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

SEASONALLY ADJUSTED

Table 3. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by state and selected industry sector, seasonally adjusted

[In thousands]

State

Total1 Construction Manufacturing

May

2020

Mar.

2021

Apr.

2021

May

2021p

May

2020

Mar.

2021

Apr.

2021

May

2021p

May

2020

Mar.

2021

Apr.

2021

May

2021p

Alabama. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,886.0 2,023.5 2,007.8 2,008.9 90.6 93.7 91.1 88.8 242.7 267.4 265.5 266.5

Alaska. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 283.3 305.8 305.9 304.6 14.9 16.5 16.5 16.4 12.5 13.2 13.5 13.2

Arizona. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,745.4 2,889.5 2,896.0 2,908.8 171.7 173.0 173.4 174.0 174.8 178.7 179.0 179.3

Arkansas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,194.0 1,262.9 1,260.8 1,264.2 52.6 54.4 54.4 53.9 151.7 161.2 159.5 162.0

California. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15,132.7 16,146.4 16,248.4 16,352.9 827.3 886.3 884.1 882.5 1,227.2 1,250.7 1,253.7 1,256.1

Colorado. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,519.8 2,673.9 2,691.3 2,708.4 175.7 172.1 171.6 171.5 143.2 146.0 146.3 146.3

Connecticut. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,437.5 1,580.1 1,581.3 1,589.1 53.3 57.0 58.2 57.6 150.6 152.2 151.6 152.3

Delaware2

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 403.8 444.1 445.3 443.9 21.4 23.6 23.7 23.0 24.7 24.8 24.4 24.3

District of Columbia2

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 718.2 732.0 737.6 740.5 14.1 15.5 15.6 15.5 0.9 1.0 1.0 1.0

Florida. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8,050.9 8,552.0 8,577.8 8,617.7 557.8 568.0 570.6 574.3 369.4 380.4 381.2 380.5

Georgia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,185.3 4,482.9 4,474.1 4,481.1 197.7 206.6 204.6 201.9 371.2 391.0 389.8 390.7

Hawaii2

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 509.2 552.1 560.6 564.6 36.7 36.5 37.1 36.9 11.2 11.4 11.3 11.4

Idaho. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 718.8 784.3 784.6 782.7 55.3 59.3 59.1 58.4 66.6 69.0 68.6 68.6

Illinois. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,329.8 5,726.7 5,728.3 5,720.4 207.4 222.8 226.9 221.3 537.1 548.3 540.3 542.3

Indiana. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,785.7 3,029.9 3,027.9 3,031.7 137.0 148.4 147.8 148.2 461.7 526.2 527.0 523.4

Iowa. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,421.2 1,523.2 1,517.6 1,518.4 76.1 79.5 76.4 75.6 211.9 219.8 219.5 220.3

Kansas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,301.7 1,373.8 1,371.5 1,370.0 62.6 65.7 64.7 63.8 152.5 158.3 158.2 158.0

Kentucky. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,692.2 1,861.1 1,860.3 1,865.4 74.9 78.2 80.2 79.3 208.9 243.5 242.2 243.8

Louisiana. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,732.8 1,835.3 1,833.9 1,829.2 113.8 117.2 117.1 116.3 130.0 126.8 127.0 125.4

Maine. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 557.8 612.4 611.2 610.6 29.2 30.6 31.0 29.9 49.2 53.1 53.1 52.5

Maryland. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,408.4 2,627.8 2,633.6 2,645.1 156.0 162.4 161.1 161.1 105.3 108.3 109.3 109.0

Massachusetts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,090.4 3,428.7 3,438.9 3,448.1 129.4 163.8 162.7 161.8 219.3 230.6 231.0 232.3

Michigan. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,520.8 4,133.6 4,115.5 4,113.3 146.5 174.3 175.3 176.9 441.8 573.6 565.7 570.3

Minnesota. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,598.8 2,804.0 2,817.4 2,829.7 124.6 125.5 126.8 128.0 301.1 309.2 309.4 310.2

Mississippi. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,045.5 1,123.0 1,122.0 1,123.5 42.3 44.8 44.2 44.4 130.7 141.5 140.5 141.5

Missouri. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,623.1 2,814.4 2,812.0 2,818.0 123.6 128.4 127.6 127.5 254.0 268.7 266.7 268.3

Montana. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 449.2 480.9 480.6 479.9 30.0 31.3 30.8 30.2 20.0 21.3 21.2 21.2

Nebraska. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 945.9 1,007.2 1,006.8 1,005.5 54.8 57.2 56.6 55.1 94.2 100.1 100.3 100.5

Nevada. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,105.7 1,300.2 1,308.2 1,318.4 92.2 91.1 91.4 91.2 53.3 58.5 60.0 60.4

New Hampshire. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 589.8 657.7 657.3 657.1 26.8 28.0 28.8 28.3 65.2 67.7 67.1 67.1

New Jersey. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,519.2 3,896.9 3,901.8 3,915.4 140.0 147.5 149.1 146.9 226.5 242.4 241.8 242.6

New Mexico. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 757.7 791.9 789.2 797.8 47.7 48.7 47.8 47.3 25.7 26.7 27.0 27.1

New York. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8,011.3 8,853.0 8,879.9 8,893.8 298.2 375.1 368.9 363.0 369.7 402.6 406.5 406.6

North Carolina. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,124.4 4,465.6 4,460.3 4,461.7 225.6 235.0 236.3 234.7 432.7 460.8 462.6 462.7

North Dakota. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 394.3 415.2 417.0 417.0 25.7 27.7 27.6 27.1 24.8 25.3 25.5 25.9

Ohio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,893.5 5,312.0 5,304.0 5,289.2 208.2 225.7 225.6 224.4 602.9 659.0 658.6 656.0

Oklahoma. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,566.7 1,626.7 1,625.8 1,627.1 79.8 79.0 78.4 79.4 128.6 129.6 129.7 129.2

Oregon. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,704.5 1,840.1 1,843.8 1,850.7 103.7 108.9 108.5 109.4 180.2 183.9 182.7 183.1

Pennsylvania. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,155.0 5,670.9 5,665.7 5,684.2 222.7 252.7 253.4 250.1 513.4 543.3 541.2 539.6

Rhode Island. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 414.3 467.2 467.9 468.3 17.5 20.5 21.2 20.8 35.3 38.4 38.7 39.2

South Carolina. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,957.1 2,117.5 2,111.6 2,115.7 101.9 107.9 108.7 107.7 229.2 247.5 245.4 246.3

South Dakota. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 404.3 435.3 436.2 434.3 24.3 24.9 25.2 25.1 42.6 43.5 43.8 44.0

Tennessee. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,834.2 3,051.5 3,060.7 3,065.7 128.0 128.9 128.2 128.1 299.7 346.5 345.9 346.9

Texas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11,756.7 12,511.5 12,526.5 12,560.9 727.7 749.5 734.7 731.6 856.8 869.9 867.8 871.0

Utah. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,477.3 1,584.6 1,592.4 1,594.4 115.5 120.1 119.2 119.2 131.8 141.5 142.2 142.4

Vermont. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 266.5 289.3 291.6 293.4 13.3 15.1 15.2 14.6 26.9 28.7 28.9 29.1

Virginia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,633.2 3,887.3 3,892.0 3,888.5 197.7 206.0 204.7 203.1 222.6 236.4 237.4 236.8

Washington. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,098.2 3,328.5 3,341.7 3,350.0 201.9 226.2 226.8 224.2 267.8 262.0 261.2 260.3

West Virginia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 630.5 682.1 684.9 682.5 27.9 30.7 30.4 30.1 42.9 44.6 45.2 45.0

Wisconsin. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,641.7 2,848.0 2,856.7 2,860.3 121.5 122.2 125.7 123.5 444.8 470.0 470.2 473.7

Wyoming. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 262.1 274.3 275.6 271.8 21.0 19.7 19.6 19.4 9.5 9.6 9.8 9.5

Puerto Rico. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 772.4 851.6 851.6 849.9 22.6 29.8 29.7 28.8 70.8 77.7 78.1 77.9

Virgin Islands3

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34.9 34.5 34.7 34.9 3.9 2.9 2.9 2.9 – – – –

1

Includes mining and logging, information, and other services (except public administration), not shown separately.

2 Mining and logging is combined with construction.

3 Missing series (denoted by ’-’) are not published seasonally adjusted because the seasonal component, which is small relative to the trend-cycle and irregular components,

cannot be separated with sufficient precision.

p Preliminary

NOTE: Data are counts of jobs by place of work. Estimates are currently estimated from 2020 benchmark levels. Estimates subsequent to the current benchmarks are

preliminary and will be revised when new information becomes available.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

SEASONALLY ADJUSTED

Table 3. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by state and selected industry sector, seasonally adjusted-Continued

[In thousands]

State

Trade, transportation, and utilities Financial activities Professional and business services

May

2020

Mar.

2021

Apr.

2021

May

2021p

May

2020

Mar.

2021

Apr.

2021

May

2021p

May

2020

Mar.

2021

Apr.

2021

May

2021p

Alabama. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 362.3 380.4 379.3 379.9 95.9 97.2 95.7 95.5 224.7 252.6 246.5 247.9

Alaska. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54.5 60.2 59.9 58.4 10.7 10.6 10.6 10.9 25.1 25.8 25.7 25.7

Arizona. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 522.0 572.1 569.3 571.2 230.2 231.1 232.6 233.2 425.8 432.5 434.8 437.9

Arkansas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 239.4 251.4 250.4 250.5 63.4 65.0 64.3 64.5 131.5 143.8 143.9 144.2

California. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,661.8 2,982.5 2,982.6 2,983.7 801.8 809.5 810.7 811.9 2,506.1 2,643.9 2,662.4 2,669.7

Colorado. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 445.4 486.8 486.0 489.3 169.7 173.5 173.7 172.8 423.2 439.5 439.8 442.4

Connecticut. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 246.9 288.8 286.3 286.2 119.0 119.0 118.5 118.1 198.4 202.7 206.3 208.5

Delaware. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69.5 81.0 80.8 80.9 47.1 46.9 47.1 46.9 61.0 61.2 61.6 60.7

District of Columbia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26.5 29.2 29.1 28.9 29.0 27.9 28.3 28.1 164.1 165.3 166.9 166.1

Florida. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,653.1 1,761.7 1,756.0 1,767.7 580.6 600.1 601.9 604.3 1,302.0 1,382.4 1,389.2 1,396.6

Georgia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 881.2 950.2 943.5 942.2 247.6 250.8 250.4 249.5 662.8 715.6 716.4 720.0

Hawaii. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94.5 102.3 103.0 102.4 26.8 27.0 27.4 27.3 64.0 68.4 68.9 70.0

Idaho. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 140.3 154.7 154.4 153.9 36.6 40.7 40.8 40.8 97.1 99.7 99.1 98.7

Illinois. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,080.9 1,182.0 1,178.9 1,177.9 402.3 401.9 401.9 400.6 856.3 915.1 908.5 908.8

Indiana. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 564.3 598.3 597.5 596.8 138.2 140.9 140.8 140.8 303.9 328.2 327.8 327.3

Iowa. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 288.0 306.8 303.8 302.4 108.3 110.7 110.2 109.3 130.4 136.0 134.6 135.9

Kansas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 249.4 268.4 267.6 267.1 76.5 75.4 75.4 75.1 163.7 173.2 173.0 172.5

Kentucky. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 375.7 404.4 403.2 405.2 90.5 95.8 94.6 94.8 191.0 213.2 212.0 212.5

Louisiana. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 342.8 364.4 362.7 361.7 88.9 88.3 88.7 89.0 194.1 205.4 205.9 206.5

Maine. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104.2 115.5 115.9 116.7 32.2 32.4 32.4 32.2 65.8 69.8 70.2 69.9

Maryland. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 409.0 460.3 459.0 460.9 135.2 135.6 135.3 135.1 429.3 459.4 460.7 461.5

Massachusetts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 468.3 554.4 554.3 554.1 214.4 219.3 219.4 219.7 565.7 596.5 601.6 603.2

Michigan. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 668.1 778.9 773.6 767.7 215.8 225.3 226.7 226.2 522.6 619.6 620.1 617.8

Minnesota. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 472.1 508.7 511.9 509.6 191.9 193.3 192.3 192.5 345.8 360.5 364.8 368.3

Mississippi. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 220.4 233.1 232.2 233.3 42.9 42.4 42.4 42.3 99.5 110.7 110.0 111.3

Missouri. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 501.5 541.5 537.4 533.6 172.3 170.6 171.0 170.6 351.9 372.7 368.7 371.6

Montana. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89.2 93.4 93.6 93.4 26.0 26.1 26.3 26.3 41.8 45.0 44.9 44.9

Nebraska. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 185.2 195.6 194.9 194.5 74.1 73.9 73.5 73.2 114.5 118.7 119.5 120.7

Nevada. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 229.8 275.7 274.3 276.0 63.8 68.2 68.3 67.8 166.1 184.3 186.4 187.3

New Hampshire. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124.1 139.1 138.5 138.5 33.4 34.4 34.3 34.1 78.7 88.5 85.7 84.2

New Jersey. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 751.9 845.8 844.8 847.8 238.4 249.5 248.7 248.3 612.8 655.3 654.6 656.1

New Mexico. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123.5 133.8 133.2 134.0 33.9 32.2 32.6 32.6 103.6 108.7 107.9 107.7

New York. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,200.3 1,398.5 1,398.4 1,397.4 700.0 699.0 696.0 697.3 1,186.1 1,264.6 1,266.5 1,268.1

North Carolina. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 800.9 868.4 863.0 865.1 253.2 258.0 257.5 257.8 610.2 666.9 660.6 659.4

North Dakota. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85.8 88.8 89.9 90.0 24.2 24.6 24.6 24.7 31.2 31.9 32.0 31.6

Ohio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 959.4 1,030.1 1,025.7 1,017.9 298.0 308.4 308.0 304.6 660.6 701.8 701.0 700.2

Oklahoma. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 292.4 304.8 305.3 305.6 76.0 75.8 74.9 75.4 178.4 186.1 186.0 185.5

Oregon. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 328.2 361.2 360.0 359.5 99.2 103.7 104.4 105.3 232.6 248.1 249.5 252.4

Pennsylvania. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 972.4 1,099.8 1,094.1 1,093.2 321.0 322.3 325.0 325.5 729.6 767.2 764.8 765.7

Rhode Island. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62.1 74.7 73.4 72.8 33.7 34.6 34.7 34.5 61.3 64.4 64.9 65.5

South Carolina. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 383.2 414.0 412.0 414.6 104.1 106.7 105.0 103.9 262.7 287.0 283.6 283.4

South Dakota. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79.8 86.4 86.0 85.4 28.1 28.2 28.1 28.0 32.2 32.7 33.0 33.1

Tennessee. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 603.9 647.2 651.2 644.6 168.5 169.4 170.9 173.1 391.3 433.7 434.2 437.9

Texas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,380.1 2,553.4 2,551.2 2,552.7 795.7 825.8 825.1 825.8 1,695.6 1,822.4 1,830.6 1,844.4

Utah. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 278.3 301.3 301.8 303.5 92.3 97.8 98.6 99.6 221.8 236.7 238.5 238.1

Vermont. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46.3 50.9 50.5 50.2 11.8 11.9 12.2 12.1 27.4 29.8 29.9 30.0

Virginia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 596.3 654.0 657.4 656.1 207.6 206.2 205.7 206.2 742.8 767.9 767.8 768.3

Washington. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 590.5 650.2 648.7 646.8 155.3 158.5 159.1 160.2 409.3 434.9 432.1 435.6

West Virginia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114.6 122.9 122.3 121.8 28.8 28.9 29.1 29.5 63.8 66.8 67.0 68.0

Wisconsin. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 488.8 528.5 528.9 528.9 150.9 150.7 150.6 150.0 294.6 317.7 318.9 319.6

Wyoming. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49.3 51.0 51.4 50.3 10.8 11.0 10.8 10.7 17.9 18.7 19.0 19.1

Puerto Rico. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 145.0 171.0 170.8 171.1 42.4 43.1 43.0 42.9 109.7 118.8 118.7 118.2

Virgin Islands1

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.9 6.5 6.5 6.5 – – – – – – – –

1 Missing series (denoted by ’-’) are not published seasonally adjusted because the seasonal component, which is small relative to the trend-cycle and irregular

components, cannot be separated with sufficient precision.

p Preliminary

NOTE: Data are counts of jobs by place of work. Estimates are currently estimated from 2020 benchmark levels. Estimates subsequent to the current benchmarks are

preliminary and will be revised when new information becomes available.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

SEASONALLY ADJUSTED

Table 3. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by state and selected industry sector, seasonally adjusted-Continued

[In thousands]

State

Education and health services Leisure and hospitality Government

May

2020

Mar.

2021

Apr.

2021

May

2021p

May

2020

Mar.

2021

Apr.

2021

May

2021p

May

2020

Mar.

2021

Apr.

2021

May

2021p

Alabama. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 230.8 238.8 238.8 239.9 150.8 187.5 185.8 187.4 372.1 384.8 385.5 384.2

Alaska. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47.3 49.6 49.6 49.8 20.4 27.4 27.4 27.4 72.9 76.9 77.1 77.3

Arizona. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 443.0 467.7 468.8 470.3 230.5 284.2 290.1 294.3 410.9 401.6 401.2 402.8

Arkansas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 181.4 188.0 188.4 189.3 90.1 109.8 110.5 110.3 202.7 205.2 205.1 205.8

California. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,617.9 2,747.5 2,762.5 2,779.0 1,120.3 1,418.0 1,478.4 1,540.7 2,432.8 2,400.9 2,401.1 2,402.8

Colorado. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 323.9 342.1 344.8 344.0 209.8 277.4 289.3 303.7 434.1 436.3 438.3 439.1

Connecticut. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 306.9 328.8 324.5 329.8 76.4 123.5 125.5 127.4 211.3 221.6 222.7 221.9

Delaware. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73.5 77.6 78.1 77.6 26.2 43.9 44.3 45.4 62.9 64.9 65.2 64.9

District of Columbia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122.7 123.0 124.0 126.4 32.3 39.7 41.9 42.9 237.3 241.0 241.5 242.0

Florida. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,266.2 1,319.0 1,326.5 1,324.6 783.4 1,001.3 1,009.0 1,018.2 1,110.6 1,079.5 1,078.3 1,082.4

Georgia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 564.4 596.0 599.1 604.0 341.2 427.8 424.0 425.0 669.3 669.8 669.9 669.2

Hawaii. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79.3 82.4 81.8 82.0 56.1 80.8 85.6 88.4 112.4 115.4 117.3 117.3

Idaho. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 108.0 115.2 114.8 115.2 61.8 83.5 84.9 84.5 118.4 125.9 126.5 126.6

Illinois. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 850.6 891.2 889.2 891.1 333.7 455.4 464.8 471.1 760.6 781.5 787.2 777.2

Indiana. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 447.7 463.1 465.0 465.2 208.3 276.1 275.1 277.0 399.7 407.0 404.4 410.9

Iowa. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 208.1 221.5 220.8 220.7 88.9 121.9 123.6 124.4 237.6 251.5 251.9 252.8

Kansas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 193.2 199.3 198.8 198.9 92.1 115.7 115.7 115.6 244.1 247.0 247.1 247.6

Kentucky. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 257.4 275.5 275.9 277.2 121.8 166.0 166.2 169.6 291.9 295.0 296.9 294.0

Louisiana. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 299.2 312.6 311.9 310.3 147.5 195.4 194.4 193.9 311.5 313.0 313.2 312.3

Maine. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119.4 126.2 125.2 124.9 38.0 57.2 57.4 57.5 92.9 98.0 96.1 96.2

Maryland. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 419.8 449.8 451.8 456.5 139.5 218.7 221.1 222.7 491.7 497.1 498.3 500.0

Massachusetts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 709.9 759.3 758.1 760.5 174.7 275.3 278.2 281.4 426.4 425.9 429.2 430.8

Michigan. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 583.2 644.8 640.6 641.8 212.3 346.7 341.8 339.3 557.7 569.8 570.7 571.1

Minnesota. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 507.6 539.3 535.9 539.3 140.7 214.4 219.4 225.4 387.9 405.8 408.6 406.1

Mississippi. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135.0 139.4 139.4 138.9 94.1 121.8 123.2 124.7 229.2 234.1 234.8 231.9

Missouri. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 466.0 488.5 490.8 493.3 199.0 264.7 270.7 273.5 404.6 420.3 420.4 420.6

Montana. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75.5 78.9 79.1 79.2 50.6 64.1 63.7 63.3 86.5 89.4 89.9 90.4

Nebraska. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 148.3 157.3 157.2 157.9 64.3 83.4 83.7 83.0 160.0 167.9 168.7 168.4

Nevada. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 134.0 144.1 143.5 143.1 152.2 252.0 256.1 263.4 156.0 159.3 160.4 161.3

New Hampshire. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 108.7 118.5 118.7 119.4 39.4 62.1 64.7 65.9 82.8 85.0 85.0 85.1

New Jersey. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 613.8 673.1 674.2 676.7 182.4 304.5 307.7 313.9 568.6 566.4 567.4 568.4

New Mexico. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 130.0 136.1 135.6 135.5 62.1 81.1 81.3 87.9 178.8 172.8 172.9 174.1

New York. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,886.5 2,023.7 2,026.3 2,034.2 410.5 641.1 662.1 669.4 1,421.5 1,435.9 1,438.3 1,434.7

North Carolina. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 575.9 600.1 599.4 598.3 319.1 440.0 447.1 454.7 695.0 697.3 694.6 691.5

North Dakota. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64.3 65.9 65.7 65.7 29.7 36.5 36.9 37.0 75.1 80.3 80.6 80.3

Ohio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 848.4 895.0 895.8 894.8 343.7 485.0 483.3 485.6 738.6 744.4 744.6 744.0

Oklahoma. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 229.7 233.7 234.2 234.3 138.7 167.6 166.3 166.6 333.4 340.8 342.0 342.1

Oregon. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 278.9 297.4 297.1 300.0 117.7 162.0 163.6 163.6 275.7 276.5 278.9 278.4

Pennsylvania. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,172.3 1,235.7 1,232.0 1,244.2 272.5 446.5 448.9 459.7 670.7 670.1 671.9 672.4

Rhode Island. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92.4 100.8 100.1 100.6 28.0 46.7 47.1 47.5 62.8 61.6 61.9 61.6

South Carolina. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 238.9 252.2 254.9 255.4 182.5 234.6 233.5 237.5 358.9 365.2 365.7 363.2

South Dakota. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70.6 74.3 75.0 72.9 33.5 43.1 43.2 43.8 71.2 78.7 78.8 79.2

Tennessee. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 421.0 429.9 429.7 430.7 246.2 299.8 302.5 305.5 420.7 428.2 428.8 429.9

Texas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,648.0 1,712.7 1,711.1 1,712.5 1,001.7 1,233.5 1,251.6 1,265.8 1,916.0 1,953.5 1,965.2 1,962.7

Utah. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 203.4 211.8 211.7 215.9 113.2 142.0 146.0 146.0 237.3 243.8 244.4 241.0

Vermont. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58.4 62.2 62.3 62.7 18.4 25.6 27.5 29.0 51.2 50.9 50.8 50.6

Virginia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 503.2 531.4 531.5 534.7 228.7 329.8 332.4 333.3 699.5 703.2 701.5 697.9

Washington. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 463.8 508.1 510.1 511.2 209.1 262.4 271.6 277.9 539.5 547.9 553.4 554.7

West Virginia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122.2 128.4 128.4 128.3 44.6 64.9 66.1 67.9 141.5 147.3 147.7 143.2

Wisconsin. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 430.6 448.8 447.8 449.4 166.3 233.1 236.6 234.8 365.0 381.1 382.3 382.5

Wyoming. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27.7 28.1 28.0 27.9 26.2 36.9 37.7 35.4 64.9 65.9 65.7 65.7

Puerto Rico. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106.0 110.9 111.2 111.2 53.0 73.0 72.9 72.5 193.3 195.5 195.6 195.4

Virgin Islands. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.1 3.7 4.5 4.6 4.6 11.1 10.5 10.5 10.6

p Preliminary

NOTE: Data are counts of jobs by place of work. Estimates are currently estimated from 2020 benchmark levels. Estimates subsequent to the current benchmarks are

preliminary and will be revised when new information becomes available.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED

Table 4. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by state and selected industry sector, not seasonally adjusted

[In thousands]

State

Total Mining and logging Construction

April May April May April May

2020 2021 2020 2021p2020 2021 2020 2021p2020 2021 2020 2021p

Alabama. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,842.7 2,010.6 1,892.3 2,015.3 9.8 8.8 9.8 8.5 89.9 91.3 91.0 90.1

Alaska. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 278.1 300.0 288.5 308.1 11.9 10.2 10.9 10.4 13.3 15.5 15.8 16.8

Arizona. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,679.9 2,909.2 2,746.3 2,910.1 12.6 12.4 12.6 12.4 170.4 173.2 172.3 174.3

Arkansas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,171.6 1,266.1 1,201.7 1,272.2 5.4 5.3 5.5 5.4 51.5 54.2 52.9 53.5

California. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14,943.1 16,249.4 15,145.0 16,379.4 19.9 18.8 19.0 18.9 737.0 882.1 828.3 884.5

Colorado. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,438.6 2,686.6 2,514.1 2,708.6 23.9 20.0 21.3 19.5 168.1 167.2 175.6 172.4

Connecticut. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,399.2 1,579.2 1,445.9 1,596.7 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 48.6 57.2 55.0 59.2

Delaware1

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 398.2 444.2 407.1 446.4 – – – – 20.8 23.3 21.6 23.2

District of Columbia1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 723.1 739.5 714.1 739.6 – – – – 13.7 15.5 14.1 15.5

Florida. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7,854.0 8,612.7 8,064.1 8,649.1 5.4 5.4 5.5 5.5 537.2 567.3 558.0 576.0

Georgia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,058.7 4,469.3 4,193.5 4,483.1 9.5 9.6 9.6 9.5 195.9 205.8 198.3 204.0

Hawaii1

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 508.8 563.5 511.4 568.2 – – – – 34.0 37.1 36.4 37.0

Idaho. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 692.5 782.9 723.3 785.8 3.1 3.4 3.5 3.8 52.6 58.8 55.9 59.1

Illinois. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,310.3 5,718.4 5,362.6 5,760.3 6.7 6.4 6.8 6.6 195.6 222.7 213.7 229.1

Indiana. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,667.1 3,032.1 2,807.1 3,042.9 5.1 5.3 5.1 5.4 131.9 147.4 140.2 151.6

Iowa. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,416.8 1,518.5 1,436.7 1,532.7 2.2 2.3 2.3 2.3 73.6 75.1 79.3 78.3

Kansas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,277.9 1,376.5 1,311.3 1,380.2 5.8 5.9 5.8 5.9 61.1 64.3 63.5 64.3

Kentucky. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,661.5 1,858.9 1,699.8 1,875.8 6.4 7.2 7.0 7.3 73.3 79.4 75.9 80.3

Louisiana. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,715.7 1,835.9 1,739.2 1,836.5 32.0 28.8 30.4 29.1 113.5 116.8 113.8 116.4

Maine. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 534.8 599.7 559.2 611.2 1.6 1.7 1.7 1.7 27.0 29.6 29.7 30.7

Maryland. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,380.7 2,640.9 2,423.7 2,662.5 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 150.3 160.3 156.3 161.0

Massachusetts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,037.3 3,427.9 3,108.5 3,462.6 0.9 1.0 1.1 1.1 112.4 159.0 132.6 164.7

Michigan. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,377.4 4,095.5 3,550.4 4,144.7 5.8 6.7 5.8 7.0 99.3 168.1 151.4 181.0

Minnesota. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,562.6 2,793.6 2,618.9 2,848.4 6.1 6.0 5.6 6.4 109.2 118.1 128.1 131.4

Mississippi. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,014.9 1,122.8 1,049.4 1,126.1 6.0 5.6 6.0 5.7 41.9 43.8 42.7 44.7

Missouri. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,583.8 2,819.3 2,647.5 2,835.7 4.4 4.5 4.4 4.6 120.3 126.1 126.0 127.0

Montana. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 423.1 476.8 453.9 482.9 6.4 6.3 6.6 6.5 28.6 30.1 31.5 31.1

Nebraska. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 937.2 1,007.4 954.4 1,014.9 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 54.2 56.3 56.3 57.1

Nevada. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,113.9 1,309.8 1,109.8 1,324.9 14.7 14.8 14.8 15.0 91.1 90.9 93.3 92.0

New Hampshire. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 569.8 649.5 594.0 657.8 0.9 0.9 1.0 1.0 25.1 27.7 27.2 28.2

New Jersey. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,490.6 3,882.6 3,538.2 3,938.0 1.3 1.4 1.4 1.4 130.8 147.4 142.5 149.2

New Mexico. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 761.0 791.1 761.0 800.9 22.1 17.0 20.2 17.4 48.6 48.0 48.1 47.6

New York. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7,846.3 8,860.5 8,047.1 8,940.2 4.4 5.3 5.1 5.5 244.5 360.5 306.2 369.8

North Carolina. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,062.3 4,474.1 4,152.5 4,489.8 5.7 5.6 5.7 5.7 222.5 235.9 226.7 237.0

North Dakota. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 384.4 414.1 398.6 420.7 16.7 13.9 13.8 14.1 23.8 25.6 26.9 28.2

Ohio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,721.0 5,295.6 4,930.5 5,328.1 9.6 8.8 9.5 8.8 191.4 222.2 215.4 231.8

Oklahoma. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,539.3 1,630.3 1,574.1 1,635.1 34.0 26.0 31.5 26.5 77.3 77.6 79.7 79.1

Oregon. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,687.5 1,841.3 1,712.4 1,857.5 6.3 6.2 6.4 6.2 99.2 106.1 104.6 110.4

Pennsylvania. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,972.9 5,669.1 5,190.3 5,713.5 23.3 22.0 22.9 22.0 161.4 250.9 228.7 254.7

Rhode Island. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 399.3 465.0 419.4 471.6 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 15.7 20.5 18.0 21.3

South Carolina. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,898.3 2,115.6 1,971.1 2,126.0 4.3 4.4 4.4 4.4 101.1 109.3 102.8 108.7

South Dakota. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 395.8 431.9 409.5 438.3 1.0 1.0 1.1 1.1 22.9 24.5 25.1 25.9

Tennessee. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,781.0 3,049.8 2,840.9 3,071.0 4.2 4.2 4.2 4.2 125.9 127.8 128.9 128.5

Texas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11,514.1 12,533.1 11,780.1 12,594.3 206.6 183.2 186.8 185.1 723.4 733.2 731.6 729.4

Utah. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,432.2 1,590.9 1,477.1 1,595.7 9.0 8.0 8.7 8.1 111.6 118.0 116.3 119.8

Vermont. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 248.7 287.9 264.0 291.0 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.8 8.8 13.7 13.7 15.1

Virginia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,618.2 3,897.5 3,640.8 3,900.7 6.8 7.5 6.9 7.5 195.4 203.9 198.9 204.6

Washington. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,101.1 3,336.7 3,110.0 3,363.7 5.2 5.3 5.5 5.5 183.9 226.0 203.6 225.2

West Virginia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 617.6 686.3 632.5 691.0 17.2 20.0 17.2 20.0 25.2 30.2 28.9 30.5

Wisconsin. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,580.5 2,840.9 2,656.8 2,870.4 3.5 3.5 3.6 3.6 114.3 121.4 125.2 126.2

Wyoming. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 257.1 268.6 263.3 273.3 17.9 14.9 16.1 15.0 20.1 18.7 21.5 19.6

Puerto Rico. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 765.5 850.3 771.2 848.8 0.4 0.6 0.5 0.6 20.1 29.8 22.3 28.9

Virgin Islands1

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35.0 34.8 35.0 34.9 – – – – 4.0 2.9 4.0 2.9

1 Mining and logging is combined with construction.

p Preliminary

NOTE: Data are counts of jobs by place of work. Estimates are currently estimated from 2020 benchmark levels. Estimates subsequent to the current benchmarks are

preliminary and will be revised when new information becomes available.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED

Table 4. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by state and selected industry sector, not seasonally adjustedContinued

[In thousands]

State

Manufacturing Trade, transportation, and utilities Information

April May April May April May

2020 2021 2020 2021p

2020 2021 2020 2021p2020 2021 2020 2021p

Alabama. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 232.4 265.6 242.8 265.7 349.2 375.9 361.3 378.4 19.0 19.3 18.8 19.7

Alaska. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.9 11.5 9.9 10.6 54.9 58.4 56.3 60.4 4.7 4.7 4.8 4.8

Arizona. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 173.3 177.3 174.2 178.7 503.3 565.5 515.9 567.5 43.8 44.1 43.6 44.1

Arkansas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 149.3 159.8 151.2 162.2 232.4 248.7 239.6 250.6 11.5 11.8 11.6 12.0

California. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,198.7 1,245.6 1,222.4 1,253.9 2,588.8 2,937.5 2,628.2 2,946.9 507.8 530.5 498.4 534.8

Colorado. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139.9 145.6 143.0 145.5 426.1 481.1 440.4 481.9 74.6 72.9 74.3 72.4

Connecticut. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 147.6 151.0 150.3 152.0 232.9 282.6 245.8 284.6 28.6 28.0 28.3 27.9

Delaware. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23.9 24.2 24.6 24.2 67.7 79.9 68.9 80.6 3.6 3.6 3.6 3.6

District of Columbia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.9 1.0 0.9 1.0 26.1 29.1 26.3 28.7 19.9 19.3 19.5 19.2

Florida. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 361.0 383.0 369.0 381.6 1,596.3 1,741.5 1,640.1 1,755.2 125.9 129.6 126.1 131.1

Georgia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 359.1 388.2 371.2 390.4 850.9 935.7 874.4 936.5 103.7 114.7 102.3 114.8

Hawaii. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10.5 11.2 11.2 11.3 94.4 102.6 93.5 102.1 6.4 6.5 7.3 6.6

Idaho. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65.3 68.1 66.5 68.2 133.7 152.8 139.8 153.0 6.8 7.2 7.1 7.3

Illinois. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 530.9 537.0 536.9 541.4 1,062.1 1,167.5 1,076.5 1,173.0 86.7 85.7 85.7 85.8

Indiana. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 420.2 526.4 461.3 522.8 536.5 594.6 563.5 596.7 25.3 24.6 25.3 24.6

Iowa. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 212.5 218.2 211.7 219.9 280.0 301.1 288.5 302.5 18.7 17.8 18.4 17.9

Kansas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 152.0 157.2 152.2 158.5 240.6 265.4 248.4 266.5 16.6 17.1 16.6 16.8

Kentucky. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 204.7 240.8 208.5 243.6 360.3 399.4 372.7 404.0 19.4 19.9 19.4 19.7

Louisiana. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131.0 126.9 129.9 125.3 336.0 360.4 341.7 360.8 16.5 17.5 17.0 17.6

Maine. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45.1 52.3 49.0 52.6 97.8 112.5 103.2 115.3 6.1 6.4 6.1 6.4

Maryland. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104.0 109.0 104.9 109.2 397.5 454.0 405.1 458.1 32.6 31.7 31.8 31.6

Massachusetts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 214.9 229.9 219.0 230.9 455.9 547.0 465.4 549.9 89.3 89.7 87.6 89.2

Michigan. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 413.5 560.2 440.7 569.4 625.6 764.8 668.5 769.7 48.4 50.1 48.0 49.8

Minnesota. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 298.7 306.3 300.1 309.0 459.7 505.4 473.5 509.3 41.9 40.1 42.0 40.1

Mississippi. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122.8 140.0 130.6 141.0 211.6 230.0 219.5 232.9 9.3 9.3 9.2 9.5

Missouri. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 250.8 264.5 253.6 266.8 484.0 534.8 502.1 533.5 43.8 43.8 43.7 43.6

Montana. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18.7 20.8 19.9 21.0 84.8 92.6 89.4 93.6 5.7 5.5 5.7 5.4

Nebraska. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94.6 99.9 94.1 100.4 181.3 193.8 185.4 195.0 16.1 15.7 15.9 15.9

Nevada. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52.4 59.9 53.3 60.2 221.3 271.5 227.3 274.6 12.4 13.4 12.7 13.5

New Hampshire. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64.2 66.9 65.0 66.9 117.2 136.2 123.1 137.9 11.5 11.5 11.5 11.6

New Jersey. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 219.5 240.7 226.1 242.9 724.0 831.7 746.1 845.1 67.7 66.9 67.1 67.0

New Mexico. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25.5 26.7 25.5 27.0 121.8 132.4 123.2 133.6 8.3 7.7 8.0 8.1

New York. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 350.5 407.2 369.4 406.9 1,146.6 1,379.9 1,190.4 1,394.4 261.8 266.4 255.8 271.4

North Carolina. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 424.4 460.6 431.8 462.5 772.7 856.5 797.1 861.7 72.3 77.3 72.4 77.4

North Dakota. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23.5 25.2 24.8 26.0 84.8 89.3 86.2 89.6 5.7 5.7 5.8 5.8

Ohio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 581.0 655.8 601.6 656.6 895.9 1,017.0 955.8 1,015.3 61.4 62.9 61.6 63.4

Oklahoma. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 130.2 130.0 129.1 129.5 278.8 303.4 290.8 305.0 18.3 17.2 18.2 17.2

Oregon. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 178.5 180.8 179.6 182.5 318.8 356.3 325.1 356.5 31.8 33.3 31.9 33.9

Pennsylvania. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 490.7 540.1 513.5 540.2 916.3 1,083.0 969.5 1,090.2 79.7 80.9 79.2 81.1

Rhode Island. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33.2 38.5 35.2 39.2 59.2 72.2 61.9 72.7 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0

South Carolina. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 224.9 244.5 229.2 245.9 369.9 408.6 382.8 413.1 24.0 24.5 24.1 25.1

South Dakota. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42.5 43.8 42.6 44.3 77.9 85.4 80.6 85.4 4.9 4.7 5.0 4.7

Tennessee. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 294.5 344.1 299.5 346.6 584.3 637.5 601.8 639.9 41.6 44.0 41.8 44.1

Texas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 852.3 866.4 854.6 869.1 2,306.4 2,535.2 2,361.5 2,536.1 192.1 200.8 191.9 200.3

Utah. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 132.9 142.4 131.7 142.4 265.0 298.2 276.0 301.3 36.5 39.1 37.0 38.8

Vermont. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24.6 28.9 26.8 29.3 42.5 49.7 45.9 50.2 3.8 3.9 3.8 3.9

Virginia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 224.0 236.9 222.1 236.9 583.7 651.5 592.6 653.6 64.1 65.3 64.1 64.9

Washington. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 268.4 258.4 266.7 259.3 581.5 640.3 586.6 643.1 146.4 152.1 147.0 153.3

West Virginia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43.0 45.3 43.0 45.3 108.9 121.2 113.6 121.4 7.0 7.2 6.9 7.3

Wisconsin. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 436.0 466.6 442.9 472.2 468.5 520.1 488.8 524.6 43.3 44.4 43.3 44.3

Wyoming. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.3 9.6 9.3 9.5 47.8 50.3 49.1 50.3 2.9 2.8 2.9 2.7

Puerto Rico. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67.0 77.2 70.6 77.5 138.7 169.8 143.1 170.9 14.9 14.7 14.8 14.9

Virgin Islands. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 5.8 6.5 5.9 6.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5

p Preliminary

NOTE: Data are counts of jobs by place of work. Estimates are currently estimated from 2020 benchmark levels. Estimates subsequent to the current benchmarks are

preliminary and will be revised when new information becomes available.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED

Table 4. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by state and selected industry sector, not seasonally adjustedContinued

[In thousands]

State

Financial activities Professional and business services Education and health services

April May April May April May

2020 2021 2020 2021p

2020 2021 2020 2021p2020 2021 2020 2021p

Alabama. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95.4 95.6 95.5 95.7 220.3 246.7 224.8 247.8 225.1 238.7 230.3 239.9

Alaska. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10.4 10.5 10.6 10.8 24.8 25.3 25.5 26.1 45.8 49.8 47.5 50.1

Arizona. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 229.0 231.5 229.3 232.0 413.8 432.8 421.3 433.6 433.3 470.3 442.7 469.5

Arkansas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63.1 64.2 63.5 64.7 131.6 146.4 132.0 145.2 178.2 188.6 182.3 189.8

California. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 798.3 807.0 799.3 807.4 2,463.0 2,653.0 2,490.6 2,654.5 2,591.7 2,774.3 2,629.2 2,787.3

Colorado. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 168.7 172.5 168.6 171.4 413.8 438.0 423.3 444.1 309.2 346.1 324.8 344.5

Connecticut. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118.6 118.0 118.5 117.6 196.1 206.9 199.0 210.0 303.0 327.7 308.5 330.1

Delaware. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46.8 46.9 46.9 46.8 59.3 62.3 61.1 60.6 72.9 78.1 73.9 77.8

District of Columbia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29.1 28.4 29.0 28.0 165.4 166.4 163.4 166.3 126.6 126.3 120.1 125.7

Florida. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 577.4 600.3 579.0 605.1 1,273.5 1,391.2 1,297.3 1,394.6 1,235.4 1,330.9 1,270.4 1,330.1

Georgia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 247.2 249.6 247.2 248.9 650.4 713.6 661.3 716.7 547.5 601.1 566.1 604.5

Hawaii. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26.9 27.2 26.8 27.3 62.4 68.9 63.5 69.6 76.4 81.7 79.4 82.1

Idaho. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36.1 40.8 36.6 41.0 94.6 98.4 97.6 98.6 105.0 115.5 108.7 116.0

Illinois. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 402.3 399.6 401.7 399.5 845.2 899.5 851.5 906.1 855.1 896.9 855.7 895.9

Indiana. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 136.9 138.8 138.1 139.8 296.7 325.5 304.4 323.5 437.9 466.8 449.8 464.6

Iowa. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107.8 109.8 108.2 109.1 130.0 134.8 130.8 136.2 211.4 223.6 210.4 222.2

Kansas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75.9 75.0 76.3 74.9 161.8 173.6 163.4 172.1 188.7 199.7 193.5 199.6

Kentucky. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89.9 94.2 90.4 94.8 186.3 210.3 188.9 209.9 251.9 275.8 257.0 276.9

Louisiana. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89.3 88.6 88.7 88.8 193.9 207.8 194.2 207.5 294.1 311.4 299.7 310.5

Maine. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31.9 32.1 32.2 32.3 64.3 69.5 66.2 70.3 117.8 126.8 119.4 125.0

Maryland. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 134.9 135.5 135.0 135.2 424.0 460.1 429.6 461.9 415.1 456.1 420.5 458.2

Massachusetts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 212.8 218.7 213.7 218.9 556.0 599.6 565.6 604.8 716.8 765.0 712.7 757.9

Michigan. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 214.3 225.2 216.0 226.7 506.7 620.6 530.4 626.6 583.2 643.9 586.0 643.5

Minnesota. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 190.8 191.2 191.5 191.5 343.7 362.8 345.7 368.9 509.5 538.0 510.3 541.0

Mississippi. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42.9 42.6 42.9 42.3 96.4 109.8 98.5 110.3 132.9 141.0 135.2 139.8

Missouri. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 171.4 170.3 172.3 170.3 350.4 370.6 352.4 372.4 463.1 494.5 467.7 491.2

Montana. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25.5 26.0 25.9 26.1 40.8 44.6 42.3 45.3 72.9 79.3 75.9 79.5

Nebraska. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74.0 73.3 74.1 73.3 113.7 119.8 114.8 120.5 146.0 157.3 148.8 158.0

Nevada. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64.2 68.1 63.9 67.7 162.8 186.4 165.1 187.2 129.3 143.0 134.3 142.8

New Hampshire. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33.1 33.8 33.2 33.5 77.0 84.3 78.6 83.6 109.5 119.5 111.3 119.7

New Jersey. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 237.9 246.8 237.9 246.6 604.1 653.5 615.1 660.6 618.0 677.7 619.1 680.8

New Mexico. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34.1 32.4 33.9 32.7 103.5 107.2 103.3 107.2 130.4 136.2 131.0 136.2

New York. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 694.5 693.7 694.7 694.0 1,170.3 1,266.5 1,183.7 1,270.1 1,901.6 2,054.6 1,899.1 2,046.5

North Carolina. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 249.9 256.2 252.3 257.1 600.3 662.3 607.0 656.2 567.0 601.3 577.7 599.1

North Dakota. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24.3 24.6 24.1 24.7 30.3 31.5 31.2 31.7 64.0 65.6 64.4 65.7

Ohio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 296.1 306.2 298.2 304.8 647.0 694.4 660.8 703.5 831.4 902.5 851.6 896.2

Oklahoma. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76.1 74.6 76.0 75.1 176.9 185.7 177.8 185.4 224.4 235.0 229.8 234.4

Oregon. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98.6 103.7 99.0 105.1 231.9 249.2 232.0 251.9 278.4 299.4 279.6 299.3

Pennsylvania. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 319.1 323.5 320.6 324.9 716.0 766.8 732.5 768.5 1,166.5 1,245.8 1,173.8 1,242.3

Rhode Island. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33.7 34.5 33.6 34.6 59.6 64.4 61.7 65.6 92.4 102.1 94.5 100.7

South Carolina. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103.3 104.1 104.2 103.3 256.6 284.5 262.1 283.5 231.5 255.5 239.2 256.3

South Dakota. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27.9 27.9 28.1 28.1 31.9 32.5 32.3 32.8 70.9 75.1 70.9 73.3

Tennessee. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 168.2 170.1 168.4 174.1 385.4 431.1 389.3 435.8 414.5 430.6 418.5 429.0

Texas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 790.5 821.0 793.3 823.0 1,674.9 1,833.2 1,686.9 1,845.1 1,598.5 1,711.9 1,649.3 1,716.3

Utah. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91.2 98.1 92.0 99.0 216.2 237.0 220.8 239.2 197.0 213.5 200.3 213.3

Vermont. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.6 12.0 11.8 12.1 26.2 29.4 27.5 30.3 57.5 64.0 58.5 63.0

Virginia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 207.3 205.2 207.3 205.3 739.3 766.8 742.0 770.7 498.0 533.7 498.6 531.6

Washington. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 155.8 158.1 155.6 160.1 410.2 430.7 409.0 434.5 465.7 515.8 466.2 515.4

West Virginia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28.6 29.0 28.9 29.8 63.0 67.0 63.7 68.3 120.7 128.8 121.9 128.1

Wisconsin. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 149.6 149.9 150.5 149.6 290.8 318.7 294.1 321.0 426.7 448.1 431.9 448.6

Wyoming. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10.7 10.8 10.7 10.7 17.5 18.7 18.1 19.3 27.4 28.1 28.0 28.2

Puerto Rico. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42.4 43.0 42.3 42.7 108.4 117.3 108.8 115.9 107.7 111.8 107.6 112.2

Virgin Islands. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.8 3.5 3.4 3.5 3.4 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.1

p Preliminary

NOTE: Data are counts of jobs by place of work. Estimates are currently estimated from 2020 benchmark levels. Estimates subsequent to the current benchmarks are

preliminary and will be revised when new information becomes available.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED

Table 4. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by state and selected industry sector, not seasonally adjustedContinued

[In thousands]

State

Leisure and hospitality Other services Government

April May April May April May

2020 2021 2020 2021p

2020 2021 2020 2021p2020 2021 2020 2021p

Alabama. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 130.5 187.7 155.6 192.7 84.1 91.2 87.7 90.8 387.0 389.8 374.7 386.0

Alaska. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17.8 24.7 22.7 29.1 8.5 10.6 9.7 10.7 76.1 78.8 74.8 78.3

Arizona. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 200.0 296.5 235.5 298.7 74.4 91.0 81.5 89.5 426.0 414.6 417.4 409.8

Arkansas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76.4 111.0 93.1 113.4 61.9 67.0 63.8 66.9 210.3 209.1 206.2 208.5

California. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,078.8 1,485.9 1,138.1 1,557.5 397.4 470.6 415.4 474.7 2,561.7 2,444.1 2,476.1 2,459.0

Colorado. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 172.8 287.5 199.1 296.0 89.0 110.0 98.8 107.5 452.5 445.7 444.9 453.4

Connecticut. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64.0 120.8 79.9 129.6 42.0 58.7 46.0 59.1 217.3 227.8 214.1 226.1

Delaware. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24.7 42.7 28.2 47.1 12.9 16.5 14.0 16.5 65.6 66.7 64.3 66.0

District of Columbia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32.8 43.9 33.2 44.8 72.4 69.3 71.6 69.9 236.2 240.3 236.0 240.5

Florida. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 735.7 1,031.8 799.8 1,040.9 275.3 331.9 296.9 334.1 1,130.9 1,099.8 1,122.0 1,094.9

Georgia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 292.1 426.8 352.1 433.5 121.5 150.7 138.3 154.4 680.9 673.5 672.7 669.9

Hawaii. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59.5 85.8 55.9 88.9 21.1 21.9 21.5 22.2 117.2 120.6 115.9 121.1

Idaho. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49.0 83.8 62.4 84.7 22.4 25.1 24.0 24.7 123.9 129.0 121.2 129.4

Illinois. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 327.4 464.7 350.5 489.0 204.7 237.6 209.7 239.7 793.6 800.8 773.9 794.2

Indiana. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 178.4 275.6 217.7 287.1 84.3 113.1 95.7 113.6 413.9 414.0 406.0 413.2

Iowa. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77.9 122.3 93.3 128.7 48.1 56.4 51.4 57.3 254.6 257.1 242.4 258.3

Kansas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75.8 116.0 94.6 117.7 42.7 48.5 45.2 48.7 256.9 253.8 251.8 255.2

Kentucky. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115.4 167.4 129.0 176.7 52.7 62.8 54.1 62.5 301.2 301.7 296.9 300.1

Louisiana. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 134.6 195.4 151.4 198.1 54.1 66.0 58.5 67.0 320.7 316.3 313.9 315.4

Maine. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27.9 49.0 38.4 56.6 16.7 21.0 18.6 22.0 98.6 98.8 94.7 98.3

Maryland. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131.8 218.1 148.4 227.9 85.2 103.9 89.9 106.2 504.0 510.9 500.9 511.9

Massachusetts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 149.4 263.8 181.6 288.5 85.5 113.5 92.9 114.3 443.4 440.7 436.3 442.4

Michigan. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 183.5 330.0 223.3 354.1 112.4 143.1 119.4 146.9 584.7 582.8 560.9 570.0

Minnesota. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122.8 209.4 147.2 233.0 77.8 101.8 79.7 104.5 402.4 414.5 395.2 413.3

Mississippi. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85.3 123.8 97.4 127.3 34.1 40.4 36.3 40.1 231.7 236.5 231.1 232.5

Missouri. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 169.4 270.9 207.6 283.5 95.9 109.4 102.9 111.1 430.3 429.9 414.8 431.7

Montana. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34.9 61.0 50.7 63.2 15.6 19.2 17.2 19.1 89.2 91.4 88.8 92.1

Nebraska. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55.2 83.5 66.3 85.6 31.7 35.9 33.7 35.5 169.4 170.9 164.0 172.6

Nevada. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 176.6 258.8 155.7 268.3 29.0 39.9 31.5 39.7 160.1 163.1 157.9 163.9

New Hampshire. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29.7 59.2 39.4 66.1 15.8 22.0 18.1 22.2 85.8 87.5 85.6 87.1

New Jersey. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 184.8 293.0 190.6 319.9 115.4 144.4 117.0 145.8 587.1 579.1 575.3 578.7

New Mexico. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57.5 80.6 63.3 87.5 23.2 25.9 23.9 26.1 186.0 177.0 180.6 177.5

New York. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 355.4 636.1 426.8 681.9 267.8 342.1 279.9 346.4 1,448.9 1,448.2 1,436.0 1,453.3

North Carolina. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 288.0 444.3 330.3 465.1 124.4 155.9 134.5 155.5 735.1 718.2 717.0 712.5

North Dakota. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21.8 36.3 30.0 37.8 13.0 14.5 14.0 14.7 76.5 81.9 77.4 82.4

Ohio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 296.6 476.6 363.3 503.7 142.9 188.4 164.1 190.6 767.7 760.8 748.6 753.4

Oklahoma. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117.2 168.8 142.5 169.8 55.4 65.4 59.8 65.3 350.7 346.6 338.9 347.8

Oregon. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103.4 161.7 119.8 165.9 48.3 60.1 50.2 59.6 292.3 284.5 284.2 286.2

Pennsylvania. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 240.6 439.8 290.0 474.0 165.0 230.8 179.3 232.4 694.3 685.5 680.3 683.2

Rhode Island. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21.3 44.4 29.1 49.0 14.9 20.4 15.9 20.4 64.1 62.8 64.3 62.9

South Carolina. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 152.7 235.7 192.1 244.9 62.8 73.9 68.0 75.0 367.2 370.6 362.2 365.8

South Dakota. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26.0 39.9 34.8 44.2 15.2 17.2 15.9 17.2 74.7 79.9 73.1 81.3

Tennessee. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 219.8 300.9 253.2 311.1 105.7 121.2 109.7 121.9 436.9 438.3 425.6 435.8

Texas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 861.3 1,257.4 1,022.4 1,291.6 338.0 403.2 359.8 410.0 1,970.1 1,987.6 1,942.0 1,988.3

Utah. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92.8 145.1 112.7 143.4 34.1 42.3 37.9 41.4 245.9 249.2 243.7 249.0

Vermont. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12.0 23.2 14.8 25.0 7.9 9.7 8.2 10.3 53.2 52.7 52.2 51.0

Virginia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 216.8 331.3 239.4 340.6 157.7 179.4 164.0 180.0 725.1 716.0 704.9 705.0

Washington. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 206.1 271.0 213.0 282.5 109.0 117.8 108.1 118.4 568.9 561.2 548.7 566.4

West Virginia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38.6 65.7 45.9 69.0 18.3 21.4 19.9 21.2 147.1 150.5 142.6 150.1

Wisconsin. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 134.2 225.6 173.1 240.8 124.8 147.0 132.3 149.4 388.8 395.6 371.1 390.1

Wyoming. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21.3 32.4 26.1 34.8 15.2 15.8 15.5 16.1 67.0 66.5 66.0 67.1

Puerto Rico. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50.5 73.3 52.9 72.4 13.4 16.4 14.2 16.5 202.0 196.4 194.1 196.3

Virgin Islands. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.9 4.7 3.8 4.7 1.4 1.5 1.5 1.6 11.2 10.6 11.1 10.6

p Preliminary

NOTE: Data are counts of jobs by place of work. Estimates are currently estimated from 2020 benchmark levels. Estimates subsequent to the current benchmarks are

preliminary and will be revised when new information becomes available.
TEXAS

N.M.

CALIF.

NEV.

MONT.

ARIZ.

ORE.

S.D.

WYO.

KAN. MO.

N.D.

COLO.

NEB.

GA.

UTAH ILL.

MINN.

LA.

PA.

IDAHO

FLA.

KY.

WIS.

N.C.

VA.

OKLA.

ALA.

ARK.

IOWA

WASH.

MISS.

IND.

OHIO

S.C.

MICH.

TENN.

W.VA.

M

Map 1. Unemployment rates by state, seasonally May 2021

(U.S. rate = 5.8 percent)

HAWAII

ALASKA
WASH.

ORE.

CALIF.

IDAHO

NEV.

ARIZ.

MONT.

WYO.

COLO.

N.M.

N.D.

S.D.

NEB.

KAN.

OKLA.

TEXAS

MINN.

IOWA

MO.

ARK.

LA.

WIS.

ILL.

MICH.

IND. OHIO

KY.

TENN.

MISS. ALA. GA.

S.C.

N.C.

VA. W.VA.

PA.

N.Y.

MAINE

N.H.

VT.

MASS.

R.I.

N.J.

CONN.

DEL.

FLA.

MD. UTAH

ALASKA

HAWAII

D.C.

Above 10.9%

9.0% to 10.9%

7.5% to 8.9%

6.0% to 7.4%

Below 6.0%

Map 2. Percentage change in nonfarm employment by state,

seasonally adjusted, May 2020 - May 2021