Transmission of material in this release is embargoed until USDL-16-0420 

8:30 a.m. (EST) Friday, March 4, 2016

Technical information: 

Household data: (202) 691-6378 • cpsinfo@bls.gov • www.bls.gov/cps 

Establishment data: (202) 691-6555 • cesinfo@bls.gov • www.bls.gov/ces 

Media contact: (202) 691-5902 • PressOffice@bls.gov 

THE EMPLOYMENT SITUATION — FEBRUARY 2016 

Total nonfarm payroll employment increased by 242,000 in February, and the unemployment rate

was unchanged at 4.9 percent, the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today. Employment gains 

occurred in health care and social assistance, retail trade, food services and drinking places, and private 

educational services. Job losses continued in mining. 

Household Survey Data 

In February, the unemployment rate held at 4.9 percent, and the number of unemployed persons, at 

7.8 million, was unchanged. Over the year, the unemployment rate and the number of unemployed 

persons were down by 0.6 percentage point and 831,000, respectively. (See table A-1.) 

Among the major worker groups, the unemployment rates for adult men (4.5 percent), adult women 

(4.5 percent), teenagers (15.6 percent), Whites (4.3 percent), Blacks (8.8 percent), Asians (3.8 percent), 

and Hispanics (5.4 percent) showed little or no change in February. (See tables A-1, A-2, and A-3.) 
- 2 - 

The number of long-term unemployed (those jobless for 27 weeks or more) was essentially unchanged 

at 2.2 million in February and has shown little movement since June. In February, these individuals 

accounted for 27.7 percent of the unemployed. (See table A-12.) 

The employment-population ratio edged up to 59.8 percent over the month, and the labor force 

participation rate edged up to 62.9 percent. Both measures have increased by 0.5 percentage point 

since September. (See table A-1.) 

The number of persons employed part time for economic reasons (also referred to as involuntary parttime workers) was unchanged in February at 6.0 million and has shown little movement since 

November. These individuals, who would have preferred full-time employment, were working part 

time because their hours had been cut back or because they were unable to find a full-time job. (See 

table A-8.) 

In February, 1.8 million persons were marginally attached to the labor force, down by 356,000 from a 

year earlier. (The data are not seasonally adjusted.) These individuals were not in the labor force, wanted 

and were available for work, and had looked for a job sometime in the prior 12 months. They were not 

counted as unemployed because they had not searched for work in the 4 weeks preceding the survey. 

(See table A-16.) 

Among the marginally attached, there were 599,000 discouraged workers in February, down by 

133,000 from a year earlier. (The data are not seasonally adjusted.) Discouraged workers are persons not 

currently looking for work because they believe no jobs are available for them. The remaining 1.2 

million persons marginally attached to the labor force in February had not searched for work for reasons 

such as school attendance or family responsibilities. (See table A-16.) 

Establishment Survey Data 

Total nonfarm payroll employment increased by 242,000 in February. Job growth occurred in health 

care and social assistance, retail trade, food services and drinking places, and private educational 

services. Mining employment continued to decline. (See table B-1.) 

Health care and social assistance added 57,000 jobs in February. Health care employment increased by 

38,000 over the month, with job gains in ambulatory health care services (+24,000) and hospitals 

(+11,000). Over the past 12 months, hospitals have added 181,000 jobs. In February, employment rose 

by 19,000 in social assistance, mostly in individual and family services (+14,000). 

Retail trade continued to add jobs in February (+55,000). Employment rose in food and beverage stores 

(+15,000) and other general merchandise stores (+13,000). Retail trade has added 339,000 jobs over the 

past 12 months. 

Food services and drinking places added 40,000 jobs in February. Over the year, employment in the 

industry has grown by 359,000. 

Employment in private educational services rose by 28,000 in February, after edging down by 20,000 

in the prior month. 
- 3 - 

Construction employment continued to trend up in February (+19,000), with a gain of 14,000 in 

residential specialty trade contractors. Employment in construction was up by 253,000 over the past 12 

months, with residential specialty trade contractors accounting for about half of the increase. 

Employment in mining continued to decline in February (-19,000), with job losses in support activities 

for mining (-16,000) and coal mining (-2,000). Since a recent peak in September 2014, mining has shed 

171,000 jobs, with more than three-fourths of the loss in support activities for mining. 

Employment in other major industries, including manufacturing, wholesale trade, transportation and 

warehousing, financial activities, professional and business services, and government, showed little 

change over the month. 

The average workweek for all employees on private nonfarm payrolls declined by 0.2 hour to 34.4 

hours in February. The manufacturing workweek was unchanged at 40.8 hours, and factory overtime 

was 3.3 hours for the third month in a row. The average workweek for production and nonsupervisory 

employees on private nonfarm payrolls edged down by 0.1 hour to 33.7 hours. (See tables B-2 and B-7.) 

In February, average hourly earnings for all employees on private nonfarm payrolls declined by 3 

cents to $25.35, following an increase of 12 cents in January. Average hourly earnings have risen by 2.2 

percent over the year. In February, average hourly earnings of private-sector production and 

nonsupervisory employees were unchanged at $21.32. (See tables B-3 and B-8.) 

The change in total nonfarm payroll employment for December was revised from +262,000 to +271,000, 

and the change for January was revised from +151,000 to +172,000. With these revisions, employment 

gains in December and January combined were 30,000 more than previously reported. Over the past 3 

months, job gains have averaged 228,000 per month. 

_____________ 

The Employment Situation for March is scheduled to be released on Friday, April 1, 2016, at 

8:30 a.m. (EDT).
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Summary table A. Household data, seasonally adjusted

[Numbers in thousands]

Category Feb.

2015

Dec.

2015

Jan.

2016

Feb.

2016

Change from:

Jan. 2016-

Feb. 2016

Employment status

Civilian noninstitutional population........................................... 249,899 251,936 252,397 252,577 180

Civilian labor force........................................................... 156,878 157,833 158,335 158,890 555

Participation rate.......................................................... 62.8 62.6 62.7 62.9 0.2

Employed................................................................... 148,231 149,929 150,544 151,074 530

Employment-population ratio.......................................... 59.3 59.5 59.6 59.8 0.2

Unemployed............................................................... 8,646 7,904 7,791 7,815 24

Unemployment rate.................................................... 5.5 5.0 4.9 4.9 0.0

Not in labor force............................................................ 93,022 94,103 94,062 93,688 -374

Unemployment rates

Total, 16 years and over...................................................... 5.5 5.0 4.9 4.9 0.0

Adult men (20 years and over)............................................ 5.2 4.7 4.5 4.5 0.0

Adult women (20 years and over)......................................... 4.9 4.4 4.5 4.5 0.0

Teenagers (16 to 19 years)................................................ 17.0 16.1 16.0 15.6 -0.4

White.......................................................................... 4.7 4.5 4.3 4.3 0.0

Black or African American.................................................. 10.3 8.3 8.8 8.8 0.0

Asian.......................................................................... 4.0 4.0 3.7 3.8 0.1

Hispanic or Latino ethnicity................................................. 6.7 6.3 5.9 5.4 -0.5

Total, 25 years and over...................................................... 4.5 4.0 4.0 4.1 0.1

Less than a high school diploma.......................................... 8.4 6.7 7.4 7.3 -0.1

High school graduates, no college........................................ 5.4 5.6 5.3 5.3 0.0

Some college or associate degree........................................ 5.0 4.1 4.2 4.2 0.0

Bachelor’s degree and higher.............................................. 2.7 2.5 2.5 2.5 0.0

Reason for unemployment

Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs.................. 4,177 3,796 3,664 3,749 85

Job leavers...................................................................... 880 821 766 760 -6

Reentrants....................................................................... 2,632 2,476 2,468 2,467 -1

New entrants.................................................................... 949 858 827 833 6

Duration of unemployment

Less than 5 weeks............................................................. 2,432 2,405 2,249 2,297 48

5 to 14 weeks................................................................... 2,251 2,192 2,282 2,236 -46

15 to 26 weeks................................................................. 1,317 1,235 1,135 1,132 -3

27 weeks and over............................................................. 2,677 2,085 2,089 2,165 76

Employed persons at work part time

Part time for economic reasons.............................................. 6,630 6,022 5,988 5,988 0

Slack work or business conditions........................................ 3,847 3,548 3,544 3,579 35

Could only find part-time work............................................. 2,395 2,172 2,134 2,104 -30

Part time for noneconomic reasons.......................................... 19,850 20,243 20,311 20,615 304

Persons not in the labor force (not seasonally adjusted)

Marginally attached to the labor force....................................... 2,159 1,833 2,089 1,803 –

Discouraged workers........................................................ 732 663 623 599 –

- Over-the-month changes are not displayed for not seasonally adjusted data.

NOTE: Persons whose ethnicity is identified as Hispanic or Latino may be of any race. Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will

not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced

annually with the release of January data.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Summary table B. Establishment data, seasonally adjusted

Category Feb.

2015

Dec.

2015

Jan.

2016p

Feb.

2016p

EMPLOYMENT BY SELECTED INDUSTRY

(Over-the-month change, in thousands)

Total nonfarm. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 265 271 172 242

Total private. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 252 259 182 230

Goods-producing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 44 29 -15

Mining and logging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -15 -10 -9 -18

Construction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 48 15 19

Manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 6 23 -16

Durable goods1

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 -2 16 -12

Motor vehicles and parts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.2 0.1 4.4 2.0

Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -1 8 7 -4

Private service-providing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 236 215 153 245

Wholesale trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.9 3.8 9.9 0.7

Retail trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29.2 6.6 62.1 54.9

Transportation and warehousing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15.4 16.5 -19.5 -5.3

Utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.2 0.9 0.3 2.0

Information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 10 4 12

Financial activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 8 16 6

Professional and business services1

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39 60 15 23

Temporary help services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -10.4 24.9 -21.7 -9.8

Education and health services1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59 63 24 86

Health care and social assistance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38.6 46.7 43.8 57.4

Leisure and hospitality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65 35 45 48

Other services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 12 -4 17

Government. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 12 -10 12

(3-month average change, in thousands)

Total nonfarm. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 259 282 241 228

Total private. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 248 281 240 224

WOMEN AND PRODUCTION AND NONSUPERVISORY EMPLOYEES

AS A PERCENT OF ALL EMPLOYEES2

Total nonfarm women employees. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49.3 49.4 49.4 49.5

Total private women employees. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47.8 47.9 48.0 48.0

Total private production and nonsupervisory employees. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82.5 82.4 82.4 82.4

HOURS AND EARNINGS

ALL EMPLOYEES

Total private

Average weekly hours. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34.6 34.5 34.6 34.4

Average hourly earnings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $24.80 $25.26 $25.38 $25.35

Average weekly earnings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $858.08 $871.47 $878.15 $872.04

Index of aggregate weekly hours (2007=100)3

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103.3 104.9 105.3 104.9

Over-the-month percent change. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.2 0.3 0.4 -0.4

Index of aggregate weekly payrolls (2007=100)4. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122.4 126.6 127.8 127.1

Over-the-month percent change. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.3 0.2 0.9 -0.5

DIFFUSION INDEX

(Over 1-month span)5

Total private (262 industries). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64.1 62.0 59.5 59.4

Manufacturing (79 industries). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57.6 55.1 59.5 48.7

1

Includes other industries, not shown separately.

2 Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in the

service-providing industries.

3 The indexes of aggregate weekly hours are calculated by dividing the current month’s estimates of aggregate hours by the corresponding annual average aggregate

hours.

4 The indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls are calculated by dividing the current month’s estimates of aggregate weekly payrolls by the corresponding annual average

aggregate weekly payrolls.

5 Figures are the percent of industries with employment increasing plus one-half of the industries with unchanged employment, where 50 percent indicates an equal

balance between industries with increasing and decreasing employment.

p Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2015 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.
Frequently Asked Questions about Employment and Unemployment Estimates 

1. Why are there two monthly measures of employment? 

The household survey and establishment survey both produce sample-based estimates of 

employment, and both have strengths and limitations. The establishment survey employment series 

has a smaller margin of error on the measurement of month-to-month change than the household 

survey because of its much larger sample size. An over-the-month employment change of about 

100,000 is statistically significant in the establishment survey, while the threshold for a statistically 

significant change in the household survey is about 500,000. However, the household survey has a 

more expansive scope than the establishment survey because it includes self-employed workers 

whose businesses are unincorporated, unpaid family workers, agricultural workers, and private 

household workers, who are excluded by the establishment survey. The household survey also 

provides estimates of employment for demographic groups. For more information on the differences 

between the two surveys, please visit www.bls.gov/web/empsit/ces_cps_trends.pdf. 

2. Are undocumented immigrants counted in the surveys? 

It is likely that both surveys include at least some undocumented immigrants. However, neither the 

establishment nor the household survey is designed to identify the legal status of workers. Therefore, 

it is not possible to determine how many are counted in either survey. The establishment survey does 

not collect data on the legal status of workers. The household survey does include questions which 

identify the foreign and native born, but it does not include questions about the legal status of the 

foreign born. Data on the foreign and native born are published each month in table A-7 of The 

Employment Situation news release. 

3. Why does the establishment survey have revisions? 

The establishment survey revises published estimates to improve its data series by incorporating 

additional information that was not available at the time of the initial publication of the estimates. 

The establishment survey revises its initial monthly estimates twice, in the immediately succeeding 

2 months, to incorporate additional sample receipts from respondents in the survey and recalculated 

seasonal adjustment factors. For more information on the monthly revisions, please visit 

www.bls.gov/ces/cesrevinfo.htm. 

On an annual basis, the establishment survey incorporates a benchmark revision that re-anchors 

estimates to nearly complete employment counts available from unemployment insurance tax 

records. The benchmark helps to control for sampling and modeling errors in the estimates. For more 

information on the annual benchmark revision, please visit www.bls.gov/web/empsit/cesbmart.htm. 

4. Does the establishment survey sample include small firms? 

Yes; about 40 percent of the establishment survey sample is comprised of business establishments 

with fewer than 20 employees. The establishment survey sample is designed to maximize the 

reliability of the statewide total nonfarm employment estimate; firms from all states, size classes, and 

industries are appropriately sampled to achieve that goal. 

 
5. Does the establishment survey account for employment from new businesses? 

Yes; monthly establishment survey estimates include an adjustment to account for the net 

employment change generated by business births and deaths. The adjustment comes from an 

econometric model that forecasts the monthly net jobs impact of business births and deaths based 

on the actual past values of the net impact that can be observed with a lag from the Quarterly Census 

of Employment and Wages. The establishment survey uses modeling rather than sampling for this 

purpose because the survey is not immediately able to bring new businesses into the sample. There 

is an unavoidable lag between the birth of a new firm and its appearance on the sampling frame and 

availability for selection. BLS adds new businesses to the survey twice a year. 

6. Is the count of unemployed persons limited to just those people receiving unemployment 

insurance benefits? 

No; the estimate of unemployment is based on a monthly sample survey of households. All persons 

who are without jobs and are actively seeking and available to work are included among the 

unemployed. (People on temporary layoff are included even if they do not actively seek work.) There 

is no requirement or question relating to unemployment insurance benefits in the monthly survey. 

7. Does the official unemployment rate exclude people who want a job but are not currently 

looking for work? 

Yes; however, there are separate estimates of persons outside the labor force who want a job, 

including those who are not currently looking because they believe no jobs are available (discouraged 

workers). In addition, alternative measures of labor underutilization (some of which include 

discouraged workers and other groups not officially counted as unemployed) are published each 

month in table A-15 of The Employment Situation news release. For more information about these 

alternative measures, please visit www.bls.gov/cps/lfcharacteristics.htm#altmeasures. 

8. How can unusually severe weather affect employment and hours estimates? 

In the establishment survey, the reference period is the pay period that includes the 12th of the 

month. Unusually severe weather is more likely to have an impact on average weekly hours than 

on employment. Average weekly hours are estimated for paid time during the pay period, including 

pay for holidays, sick leave, or other time off. The impact of severe weather on hours estimates 

typically, but not always, results in a reduction in average weekly hours. For example, some 

employees may be off work for part of the pay period and not receive pay for the time missed, 

while some workers, such as those dealing with cleanup or repair, may work extra hours. 

Typically, it is not possible to precisely quantify the effect of extreme weather on payroll 

employment estimates. In order for severe weather conditions to reduce employment estimates, 

employees have to be off work without pay for the entire pay period. Employees 

who receive pay for any part of the pay period, even 1 hour, are counted in the payroll 

employment figures. For more information on how often employees are paid, please visit 

www.bls.gov/opub/btn/volume-3/how-frequently-do-private-businesses-pay-workers.htm. 

In the household survey, the reference period is generally the calendar week that includes the 12th 

of the month. Persons who miss the entire week's work for weather-related events are counted as 

employed whether or not they are paid for the time off. The household survey collects data on the 

number of persons who had a job but were not at work due to bad weather. It also provides a measure 

of the number of persons who usually work full time but had reduced hours due to bad weather. 

Current and historical data are available on the household survey's most requested statistics page, 

please visit http://data.bls.gov/cgi-bin/surveymost?ln.
Technical Note 

This news release presents statistics from two major 

surveys, the Current Population Survey (CPS; household 

survey) and the Current Employment Statistics survey (CES; 

establishment survey). The household survey provides 

information on the labor force, employment, and 

unemployment that appears in the "A" tables, marked 

HOUSEHOLD DATA. It is a sample survey of about 60,000 

eligible households conducted by the U.S. Census Bureau for 

the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS). 

The establishment survey provides information on 

employment, hours, and earnings of employees on nonfarm 

payrolls; the data appear in the "B" tables, marked 

ESTABLISHMENT DATA. BLS collects these data each 

month from the payroll records of a sample of 

nonagricultural business establishments. Each month the 

CES program surveys about 146,000 businesses and 

government agencies, representing approximately 623,000 

individual worksites, in order to provide detailed industry 

data on employment, hours, and earnings of workers on 

nonfarm payrolls. The active sample includes approximately 

one-third of all nonfarm payroll employees. 

For both surveys, the data for a given month relate to a 

particular week or pay period. In the household survey, the 

reference period is generally the calendar week that contains 

the 12th day of the month. In the establishment survey, the 

reference period is the pay period including the 12th, which 

may or may not correspond directly to the calendar week. 

Coverage, definitions, and differences between surveys 

Household survey. The sample is selected to reflect 

the entire civilian noninstitutional population. Based on 

responses to a series of questions on work and job search 

activities, each person 16 years and over in a sample 

household is classified as employed, unemployed, or not in 

the labor force. 

People are classified as employed if they did any work 

at all as paid employees during the reference week; worked 

in their own business, profession, or on their own farm; or 

worked without pay at least 15 hours in a family business or 

farm. People are also counted as employed if they were 

temporarily absent from their jobs because of illness, bad 

weather, vacation, labor-management disputes, or personal 

reasons. 

People are classified as unemployed if they meet all of 

the following criteria: they had no employment during the 

reference week; they were available for work at that time; 

and they made specific efforts to find employment sometime 

during the 4-week period ending with the reference week. 

Persons laid off from a job and expecting recall need not be 

looking for work to be counted as unemployed. The 

unemployment data derived from the household survey in no 

way depend upon the eligibility for or receipt of 

unemployment insurance benefits. 

The civilian labor force is the sum of employed and 

unemployed persons. Those persons not classified as 

employed or unemployed are not in the labor force. The 

unemployment rate is the number unemployed as a percent 

of the labor force. The labor force participation rate is the 

labor force as a percent of the population, and 

the employment-population ratio is the employed as a 

percent of the population. Additional information 

about the household survey can be found at 

www.bls.gov/cps/documentation.htm. 

Establishment survey. The sample establishments are 

drawn from private nonfarm businesses such as factories, 

offices, and stores, as well as from federal, state, and local 

government entities. Employees on nonfarm payrolls are 

those who received pay for any part of the reference pay 

period, including persons on paid leave. Persons are counted 

in each job they hold. Hours and earnings data are produced 

for the private sector for all employees and for production 

and nonsupervisory employees. Production and

nonsupervisory employees are defined as production and 

related employees in manufacturing and mining and logging, 

construction workers in construction, and non-supervisory 

employees in private service-providing industries. 

Industries are classified on the basis of an 

establishment’s principal activity in accordance with the 

2012 version of the North American Industry Classification 

System. Additional information about the establishment 

survey can be found at www.bls.gov/ces/. 

Differences in employment estimates. The numerous 

conceptual and methodological differences between the 

household and establishment surveys result in important 

distinctions in the employment estimates derived from the 

surveys. Among these are: 

 The household survey includes agricultural 

workers, self-employed workers whose businesses 

are unincorporated, unpaid family workers, and 

private household workers among the employed. 

These groups are excluded from the establishment 

survey. 

 The household survey includes people on unpaid 

leave among the employed. The establishment 

survey does not. 

 The household survey is limited to workers 16 years 

of age and older. The establishment survey is not 

limited by age. 

 The household survey has no duplication of 

individuals, because individuals are counted only 

once, even if they hold more than one job. In the 

establishment survey, employees working at more 

than one job and thus appearing on more than one 

payroll are counted separately for each appearance. 
Seasonal adjustment 

Over the course of a year, the size of the nation's labor 

force and the levels of employment and unemployment 

undergo regularly occurring fluctuations. These events may 

result from seasonal changes in weather, major holidays, and 

the opening and closing of schools. The effect of such 

seasonal variation can be very large. 

Because these seasonal events follow a more or less 

regular pattern each year, their influence on the level of a 

series can be tempered by adjusting for regular seasonal 

variation. These adjustments make nonseasonal 

developments, such as declines in employment or increases 

in the participation of women in the labor force, easier to 

spot. For example, in the household survey, the large number 

of youth entering the labor force each June is likely to 

obscure any other changes that have taken place relative to 

May, making it difficult to determine if the level of economic 

activity has risen or declined. Similarly, in the establishment 

survey, payroll employment in education declines by about 

20 percent at the end of the spring term and later rises with 

the start of the fall term, obscuring the underlying 

employment trends in the industry. Because seasonal 

employment changes at the end and beginning of the school 

year can be estimated, the statistics can be adjusted to make 

underlying employment patterns more discernable. The 

seasonally adjusted figures provide a more useful tool with 

which to analyze changes in month-to-month economic 

activity. 

Many seasonally adjusted series are independently 

adjusted in both the household and establishment surveys. 

However, the adjusted series for many major estimates, such 

as total payroll employment, employment in most major 

sectors, total employment, and unemployment are computed 

by aggregating independently adjusted component series. 

For example, total unemployment is derived by summing the 

adjusted series for four major age-sex components; this 

differs from the unemployment estimate that would be 

obtained by directly adjusting the total or by combining the 

duration, reasons, or more detailed age categories. 

For both the household and establishment surveys, a 

concurrent seasonal adjustment methodology is used in 

which new seasonal factors are calculated each month using 

all relevant data, up to and including the data for the current 

month. In the household survey, new seasonal factors are 

used to adjust only the current month's data. In the 

establishment survey, however, new seasonal factors are 

used each month to adjust the three most recent monthly 

estimates. The prior 2 months are routinely revised to 

incorporate additional sample reports and recalculated 

seasonal adjustment factors. In both surveys, 5-year 

revisions to historical data are made once a year. 

Reliability of the estimates 

Statistics based on the household and establishment 

surveys are subject to both sampling and nonsampling error. 

When a sample, rather than the entire population, is 

surveyed, there is a chance that the sample estimates may 

differ from the true population values they represent. The 

component of this difference that occurs because samples 

differ by chance is known as sampling error, and its 

variability is measured by the standard error of the estimate. 

There is about a 90-percent chance, or level of confidence, 

that an estimate based on a sample will differ by no more 

than 1.6 standard errors from the true population value 

because of sampling error. BLS analyses are generally 

conducted at the 90-percent level of confidence. 

For example, the confidence interval for the monthly 

change in total nonfarm employment from the establishment 

survey is on the order of plus or minus 115,000. Suppose the 

estimate of nonfarm employment increases by 50,000 from 

one month to the next. The 90-percent confidence interval on 

the monthly change would range from -65,000 to +165,000 

(50,000 +/- 115,000). These figures do not mean that the 

sample results are off by these magnitudes, but rather that 

there is about a 90-percent chance that the true over-themonth change lies within this interval. Since this range 

includes values of less than zero, we could not say with 

confidence that nonfarm employment had, in fact, increased 

that month. If, however, the reported nonfarm employment 

rise was 250,000, then all of the values within the 90-percent 

confidence interval would be greater than zero. In this case, 

it is likely (at least a 90-percent chance) that nonfarm 

employment had, in fact, risen that month. At an 

unemployment rate of around 6.0 percent, the 90-percent 

confidence interval for the monthly change in unemployment 

as measured by the household survey is about +/- 300,000, 

and for the monthly change in the unemployment rate it is 

about +/- 0.2 percentage point. 

In general, estimates involving many individuals or 

establishments have lower standard errors (relative to the 

size of the estimate) than estimates which are based on a 

small number of observations. The precision of estimates 

also is improved when the data are cumulated over time, such 

as for quarterly and annual averages. 

The household and establishment surveys are also 

affected by nonsampling error, which can occur for many 

reasons, including the failure to sample a segment of the 

population, inability to obtain information for all respondents 

in the sample, inability or unwillingness of respondents to 

provide correct information on a timely basis, mistakes made 

by respondents, and errors made in the collection or 

processing of the data. 

For example, in the establishment survey, estimates for 

the most recent 2 months are based on incomplete returns; 

for this reason, these estimates are labeled preliminary in the 

tables. It is only after two successive revisions to a monthly 

estimate, when nearly all sample reports have been received, 

that the estimate is considered final. 

Another major source of nonsampling error in the 

establishment survey is the inability to capture, on a timely 

basis, employment generated by new firms. To correct for 

this systematic underestimation of employment growth, an 

estimation procedure with two components is used to 

account for business births. The first component excludes 

employment losses from business deaths from sample-based 
estimation in order to offset the missing employment gains 

from business births. This is incorporated into the samplebased estimation procedure by simply not reflecting sample 

units going out of business, but imputing to them the same 

employment trend as the other firms in the sample. This 

procedure accounts for most of the net birth/death 

employment. 

The second component is an ARIMA time series model 

designed to estimate the residual net birth/death employment 

not accounted for by the imputation. The historical time 

series used to create and test the ARIMA model was derived 

from the unemployment insurance universe micro-level 

database, and reflects the actual residual net of births and 

deaths over the past 5 years. 

The sample-based estimates from the establishment 

survey are adjusted once a year (on a lagged basis) to 

universe counts of payroll employment obtained from 

administrative records of the unemployment insurance 

program. The difference between the March sample-based 

employment estimates and the March universe counts is 

known as a benchmark revision, and serves as a rough proxy 

for total survey error. The new benchmarks also incorporate 

changes in the classification of industries. Over the past 

decade, absolute benchmark revisions for total nonfarm 

employment have averaged 0.3 percent, with a range from 

-0.7 percent to 0.6 percent. 

Other information 

Information in this release will be made available to 

sensory impaired individuals upon request. Voice phone: 

(202) 691-5200; Federal Relay Service: (800) 877-8339. 
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-1. Employment status of the civilian population by sex and age

[Numbers in thousands]

Employment status, sex, and age

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted1

Feb.

2015

Jan.

2016

Feb.

2016

Feb.

2015

Oct.

2015

Nov.

2015

Dec.

2015

Jan.

2016

Feb.

2016

TOTAL

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 249,899 252,397 252,577 249,899 251,541 251,747 251,936 252,397 252,577

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 156,213 157,347 158,279 156,878 157,096 157,367 157,833 158,335 158,890

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62.5 62.3 62.7 62.8 62.5 62.5 62.6 62.7 62.9

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 147,118 149,037 150,060 148,231 149,197 149,444 149,929 150,544 151,074

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58.9 59.0 59.4 59.3 59.3 59.4 59.5 59.6 59.8

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9,095 8,309 8,219 8,646 7,899 7,924 7,904 7,791 7,815

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.8 5.3 5.2 5.5 5.0 5.0 5.0 4.9 4.9

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93,686 95,051 94,298 93,022 94,446 94,380 94,103 94,062 93,688

Persons who currently want a job. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,575 6,166 5,949 6,488 6,039 5,637 5,886 5,973 5,870

Men, 16 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 120,647 121,926 122,017 120,647 121,474 121,577 121,671 121,926 122,017

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83,040 83,360 84,052 83,690 83,505 83,503 83,876 84,238 84,673

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68.8 68.4 68.9 69.4 68.7 68.7 68.9 69.1 69.4

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77,824 78,792 79,415 78,978 79,225 79,182 79,546 80,104 80,491

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64.5 64.6 65.1 65.5 65.2 65.1 65.4 65.7 66.0

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,216 4,569 4,637 4,712 4,279 4,321 4,330 4,134 4,181

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.3 5.5 5.5 5.6 5.1 5.2 5.2 4.9 4.9

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37,607 38,566 37,965 36,957 37,969 38,074 37,795 37,688 37,344

Men, 20 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112,209 113,483 113,566 112,209 113,049 113,149 113,241 113,483 113,566

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80,394 80,731 81,306 80,769 80,660 80,623 80,927 81,333 81,667

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71.6 71.1 71.6 72.0 71.3 71.3 71.5 71.7 71.9

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75,671 76,644 77,148 76,575 76,857 76,823 77,119 77,704 77,991

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67.4 67.5 67.9 68.2 68.0 67.9 68.1 68.5 68.7

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,723 4,087 4,158 4,194 3,803 3,800 3,808 3,629 3,677

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.9 5.1 5.1 5.2 4.7 4.7 4.7 4.5 4.5

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31,816 32,753 32,260 31,440 32,389 32,526 32,314 32,151 31,898

Women, 16 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 129,252 130,471 130,561 129,252 130,067 130,170 130,265 130,471 130,561

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73,173 73,986 74,227 73,187 73,591 73,865 73,957 74,097 74,217

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56.6 56.7 56.9 56.6 56.6 56.7 56.8 56.8 56.8

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69,294 70,246 70,646 69,253 69,971 70,262 70,383 70,440 70,583

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53.6 53.8 54.1 53.6 53.8 54.0 54.0 54.0 54.1

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,879 3,741 3,582 3,934 3,620 3,603 3,574 3,657 3,634

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.3 5.1 4.8 5.4 4.9 4.9 4.8 4.9 4.9

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56,079 56,485 56,333 56,065 56,476 56,305 56,308 56,374 56,344

Women, 20 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121,060 122,263 122,345 121,060 121,880 121,979 122,071 122,263 122,345

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70,526 71,242 71,518 70,335 70,833 71,139 71,069 71,171 71,313

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58.3 58.3 58.5 58.1 58.1 58.3 58.2 58.2 58.3

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67,058 67,904 68,305 66,866 67,624 67,891 67,911 67,940 68,094

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55.4 55.5 55.8 55.2 55.5 55.7 55.6 55.6 55.7

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,468 3,338 3,213 3,469 3,209 3,249 3,157 3,231 3,219

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.9 4.7 4.5 4.9 4.5 4.6 4.4 4.5 4.5

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50,534 51,022 50,828 50,725 51,047 50,840 51,002 51,092 51,032

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16,630 16,651 16,666 16,630 16,612 16,619 16,624 16,651 16,666

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,293 5,375 5,456 5,774 5,603 5,605 5,837 5,832 5,909

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31.8 32.3 32.7 34.7 33.7 33.7 35.1 35.0 35.5

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,389 4,490 4,608 4,790 4,715 4,729 4,899 4,901 4,990

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26.4 27.0 27.6 28.8 28.4 28.5 29.5 29.4 29.9

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 904 885 848 984 887 875 938 931 920

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17.1 16.5 15.5 17.0 15.8 15.6 16.1 16.0 15.6

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11,337 11,276 11,211 10,856 11,010 11,014 10,787 10,819 10,757

1 The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns.

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-2. Employment status of the civilian population by race, sex, and age

[Numbers in thousands]

Employment status, race, sex, and age

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted1

Feb.

2015

Jan.

2016

Feb.

2016

Feb.

2015

Oct.

2015

Nov.

2015

Dec.

2015

Jan.

2016

Feb.

2016

WHITE

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 196,392 197,639 197,718 196,392 197,271 197,377 197,471 197,639 197,718

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123,224 123,578 124,262 123,806 123,375 123,496 123,815 124,362 124,748

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62.7 62.5 62.8 63.0 62.5 62.6 62.7 62.9 63.1

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116,944 117,800 118,584 117,948 117,978 118,115 118,295 119,029 119,442

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59.5 59.6 60.0 60.1 59.8 59.8 59.9 60.2 60.4

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,279 5,779 5,678 5,858 5,396 5,381 5,520 5,333 5,306

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.1 4.7 4.6 4.7 4.4 4.4 4.5 4.3 4.3

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73,169 74,061 73,456 72,586 73,896 73,881 73,656 73,277 72,970

Men, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64,559 64,515 64,988 64,913 64,563 64,503 64,691 65,002 65,304

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72.0 71.5 71.9 72.4 71.7 71.6 71.7 72.0 72.3

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61,228 61,611 62,078 62,025 61,921 61,884 61,988 62,482 62,787

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68.3 68.2 68.7 69.2 68.7 68.7 68.7 69.2 69.5

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,330 2,904 2,910 2,888 2,642 2,619 2,702 2,520 2,517

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.2 4.5 4.5 4.4 4.1 4.1 4.2 3.9 3.9

Women, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54,499 54,811 54,984 54,358 54,431 54,638 54,521 54,753 54,803

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57.7 57.7 57.8 57.6 57.4 57.6 57.4 57.6 57.6

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52,186 52,570 52,830 52,059 52,284 52,466 52,391 52,603 52,659

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55.3 55.3 55.6 55.1 55.1 55.3 55.2 55.4 55.4

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,312 2,242 2,153 2,298 2,147 2,172 2,130 2,150 2,144

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.2 4.1 3.9 4.2 3.9 4.0 3.9 3.9 3.9

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,166 4,252 4,290 4,536 4,381 4,355 4,603 4,607 4,641

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33.8 34.5 34.8 36.8 35.6 35.4 37.4 37.4 37.7

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,529 3,619 3,676 3,864 3,773 3,765 3,916 3,944 3,995

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28.6 29.4 29.8 31.3 30.7 30.6 31.8 32.0 32.4

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 637 633 614 672 608 590 687 663 645

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15.3 14.9 14.3 14.8 13.9 13.5 14.9 14.4 13.9

BLACK OR AFRICAN AMERICAN

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31,222 31,679 31,716 31,222 31,518 31,557 31,594 31,679 31,716

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18,941 19,355 19,387 19,116 19,402 19,447 19,442 19,536 19,569

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60.7 61.1 61.1 61.2 61.6 61.6 61.5 61.7 61.7

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16,975 17,602 17,665 17,150 17,623 17,628 17,819 17,821 17,851

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54.4 55.6 55.7 54.9 55.9 55.9 56.4 56.3 56.3

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,966 1,753 1,721 1,966 1,779 1,819 1,623 1,716 1,718

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10.4 9.1 8.9 10.3 9.2 9.4 8.3 8.8 8.8

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12,281 12,324 12,329 12,106 12,116 12,110 12,152 12,143 12,147

Men, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8,628 8,778 8,826 8,711 8,770 8,752 8,780 8,844 8,910

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66.6 66.6 66.9 67.3 66.9 66.7 66.8 67.1 67.5

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7,685 7,983 8,014 7,823 7,964 7,885 8,017 8,101 8,146

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59.4 60.6 60.7 60.4 60.8 60.1 61.0 61.5 61.7

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 943 795 812 889 806 867 763 743 764

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10.9 9.1 9.2 10.2 9.2 9.9 8.7 8.4 8.6

Women, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9,656 9,927 9,897 9,681 9,956 10,009 9,928 9,970 9,938

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61.2 62.0 61.8 61.4 62.5 62.8 62.2 62.3 62.0

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8,820 9,134 9,129 8,820 9,154 9,218 9,241 9,179 9,152

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55.9 57.1 57.0 55.9 57.5 57.8 57.9 57.4 57.1

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 835 792 767 861 802 791 686 791 786

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.7 8.0 7.8 8.9 8.1 7.9 6.9 7.9 7.9

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 658 650 664 724 677 686 734 722 720

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26.4 26.0 26.6 29.0 27.2 27.6 29.5 28.9 28.8

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 471 484 522 507 505 525 560 540 552

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18.8 19.4 20.9 20.3 20.3 21.1 22.5 21.7 22.1

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 188 166 142 216 172 161 174 182 168

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28.5 25.5 21.4 29.9 25.4 23.5 23.7 25.2 23.3

See footnotes at end of table.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-2. Employment status of the civilian population by race, sex, and age — Continued

[Numbers in thousands]

Employment status, race, sex, and age

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted1

Feb.

2015

Jan.

2016

Feb.

2016

Feb.

2015

Oct.

2015

Nov.

2015

Dec.

2015

Jan.

2016

Feb.

2016

ASIAN

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14,291 14,816 14,974 14,291 14,440 14,476 14,553 14,816 14,974

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9,042 9,189 9,483 9,031 8,955 9,132 9,168 9,192 9,426

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63.3 62.0 63.3 63.2 62.0 63.1 63.0 62.0 62.9

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8,672 8,846 9,115 8,674 8,637 8,778 8,805 8,856 9,070

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60.7 59.7 60.9 60.7 59.8 60.6 60.5 59.8 60.6

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 369 343 368 357 318 354 363 337 355

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.1 3.7 3.9 4.0 3.5 3.9 4.0 3.7 3.8

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,249 5,627 5,491 5,260 5,485 5,344 5,385 5,623 5,548

1 The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns.

NOTE: Estimates for the above race groups will not sum to totals shown in table A-1 because data are not presented for all races. Updated population controls are

introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-3. Employment status of the Hispanic or Latino population by sex and age

[Numbers in thousands]

Employment status, sex, and age

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted1

Feb.

2015

Jan.

2016

Feb.

2016

Feb.

2015

Oct.

2015

Nov.

2015

Dec.

2015

Jan.

2016

Feb.

2016

HISPANIC OR LATINO ETHNICITY

Civilian noninstitutional population................ 39,244 40,215 40,302 39,244 39,916 40,005 40,090 40,215 40,302

Civilian labor force................................ 25,850 26,353 26,528 25,977 26,200 26,225 26,270 26,451 26,642

Participation rate............................... 65.9 65.5 65.8 66.2 65.6 65.6 65.5 65.8 66.1

Employed....................................... 23,975 24,605 24,967 24,239 24,535 24,543 24,614 24,893 25,193

Employment-population ratio............... 61.1 61.2 61.9 61.8 61.5 61.3 61.4 61.9 62.5

Unemployed.................................... 1,875 1,747 1,561 1,739 1,665 1,682 1,655 1,558 1,449

Unemployment rate......................... 7.3 6.6 5.9 6.7 6.4 6.4 6.3 5.9 5.4

Not in labor force................................. 13,395 13,862 13,774 13,267 13,716 13,780 13,821 13,764 13,660

Men, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force................................ 14,388 14,532 14,639 14,461 14,464 14,377 14,454 14,590 14,705

Participation rate............................... 81.4 80.2 80.6 81.8 80.4 79.7 79.9 80.5 80.9

Employed....................................... 13,397 13,658 13,834 13,599 13,723 13,601 13,659 13,878 14,018

Employment-population ratio............... 75.8 75.3 76.1 76.9 76.2 75.4 75.6 76.5 77.2

Unemployed.................................... 991 874 806 862 741 776 795 712 688

Unemployment rate......................... 6.9 6.0 5.5 6.0 5.1 5.4 5.5 4.9 4.7

Women, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force................................ 10,333 10,655 10,754 10,332 10,643 10,754 10,646 10,649 10,742

Participation rate............................... 57.8 58.1 58.5 57.8 58.5 59.0 58.2 58.0 58.4

Employed....................................... 9,667 9,993 10,163 9,690 9,961 10,031 9,978 10,022 10,167

Employment-population ratio............... 54.1 54.5 55.3 54.2 54.7 55.0 54.6 54.6 55.3

Unemployed.................................... 666 662 591 642 682 723 668 627 576

Unemployment rate......................... 6.4 6.2 5.5 6.2 6.4 6.7 6.3 5.9 5.4

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

Civilian labor force................................ 1,129 1,166 1,135 1,184 1,093 1,095 1,170 1,212 1,194

Participation rate............................... 30.6 31.2 30.3 32.1 29.4 29.4 31.3 32.5 31.9

Employed....................................... 911 955 970 950 851 912 977 994 1,008

Employment-population ratio............... 24.7 25.6 25.9 25.7 22.9 24.5 26.2 26.6 26.9

Unemployed.................................... 218 211 165 234 242 183 193 218 186

Unemployment rate......................... 19.3 18.1 14.5 19.8 22.1 16.7 16.5 18.0 15.6

1 The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted

columns.

NOTE: Persons whose ethnicity is identified as Hispanic or Latino may be of any race. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the

release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-4. Employment status of the civilian population 25 years and over by educational attainment

[Numbers in thousands]

Educational attainment

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

Feb.

2015

Jan.

2016

Feb.

2016

Feb.

2015

Oct.

2015

Nov.

2015

Dec.

2015

Jan.

2016

Feb.

2016

Less than a high school diploma

Civilian labor force.................................. 10,867 11,030 10,386 11,106 10,729 10,958 10,847 11,037 10,648

Participation rate.................................. 45.2 46.0 45.0 46.2 45.7 45.7 45.4 46.0 46.2

Employed.......................................... 9,842 10,079 9,530 10,169 9,946 10,210 10,125 10,221 9,871

Employment-population ratio................. 41.0 42.0 41.3 42.3 42.4 42.6 42.4 42.6 42.8

Unemployed....................................... 1,025 951 856 936 784 748 722 816 777

Unemployment rate............................ 9.4 8.6 8.2 8.4 7.3 6.8 6.7 7.4 7.3

High school graduates, no college1

Civilian labor force.................................. 35,142 35,195 35,489 35,447 35,354 35,224 34,744 35,347 35,626

Participation rate.................................. 57.0 57.5 57.3 57.5 57.1 57.2 57.0 57.8 57.5

Employed.......................................... 33,037 33,121 33,425 33,538 33,492 33,315 32,812 33,475 33,747

Employment-population ratio................. 53.6 54.1 54.0 54.4 54.1 54.1 53.8 54.7 54.5

Unemployed....................................... 2,106 2,073 2,063 1,908 1,861 1,910 1,933 1,872 1,878

Unemployment rate............................ 6.0 5.9 5.8 5.4 5.3 5.4 5.6 5.3 5.3

Some college or associate degree

Civilian labor force.................................. 37,457 37,952 38,156 37,423 37,464 37,610 37,869 38,098 38,106

Participation rate.................................. 66.7 66.2 66.8 66.7 66.2 66.7 66.5 66.5 66.7

Employed.......................................... 35,441 36,220 36,412 35,544 35,838 35,957 36,304 36,493 36,496

Employment-population ratio................. 63.1 63.2 63.7 63.3 63.3 63.8 63.8 63.7 63.9

Unemployed....................................... 2,015 1,732 1,744 1,879 1,626 1,653 1,565 1,605 1,610

Unemployment rate............................ 5.4 4.6 4.6 5.0 4.3 4.4 4.1 4.2 4.2

Bachelor’s degree and higher2

Civilian labor force.................................. 51,996 52,806 53,563 51,578 52,697 52,757 53,054 52,674 53,112

Participation rate.................................. 74.9 73.9 74.4 74.3 74.2 74.0 74.0 73.8 73.8

Employed.......................................... 50,576 51,458 52,237 50,180 51,366 51,451 51,746 51,358 51,805

Employment-population ratio................. 72.9 72.1 72.6 72.3 72.3 72.1 72.2 71.9 72.0

Unemployed....................................... 1,421 1,348 1,326 1,398 1,331 1,306 1,307 1,316 1,307

Unemployment rate............................ 2.7 2.6 2.5 2.7 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5

1

Includes persons with a high school diploma or equivalent.

2

Includes persons with bachelor’s, master’s, professional, and doctoral degrees.

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-5. Employment status of the civilian population 18 years and over by veteran status, period of service,

and sex, not seasonally adjusted

[Numbers in thousands]

Employment status, veteran status, and period of service

Total Men Women

Feb.

2015

Feb.

2016

Feb.

2015

Feb.

2016

Feb.

2015

Feb.

2016

VETERANS, 18 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21,326 21,007 19,335 18,999 1,991 2,008

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10,903 10,657 9,577 9,412 1,326 1,245

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51.1 50.7 49.5 49.5 66.6 62.0

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10,325 10,221 9,076 9,029 1,250 1,193

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48.4 48.7 46.9 47.5 62.8 59.4

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 578 435 502 383 76 52

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.3 4.1 5.2 4.1 5.7 4.2

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10,423 10,350 9,758 9,587 665 763

Gulf War-era II veterans

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,421 3,752 2,838 3,125 584 627

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,825 3,063 2,404 2,593 421 470

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82.6 81.6 84.7 83.0 72.2 75.0

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,635 2,918 2,230 2,465 405 453

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77.0 77.8 78.6 78.9 69.3 72.3

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 190 145 174 128 17 17

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.7 4.7 7.2 4.9 4.0 3.6

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 596 689 434 533 163 157

Gulf War-era I veterans

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,533 3,417 2,965 2,859 567 558

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,885 2,774 2,450 2,364 435 410

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81.7 81.2 82.6 82.7 76.6 73.5

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,777 2,690 2,378 2,289 400 401

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78.6 78.7 80.2 80.1 70.5 71.8

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107 85 72 76 35 9

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.7 3.1 2.9 3.2 8.1 2.2

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 648 643 515 495 132 148

World War II, Korean War, and Vietnam-era veterans

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9,057 8,639 8,735 8,330 322 309

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,419 2,205 2,293 2,134 127 70

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26.7 25.5 26.2 25.6 39.4 22.7

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,293 2,105 2,177 2,042 116 63

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25.3 24.4 24.9 24.5 36.0 20.4

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 126 100 115 92 11 7

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.2 4.5 5.0 4.3 8.5 –

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,638 6,434 6,442 6,196 195 239

Veterans of other service periods

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,315 5,199 4,797 4,685 518 514

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,774 2,615 2,431 2,320 343 294

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52.2 50.3 50.7 49.5 66.2 57.2

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,620 2,508 2,290 2,233 330 276

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49.3 48.2 47.7 47.7 63.7 53.6

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 154 106 141 88 13 19

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.6 4.1 5.8 3.8 3.9 6.3

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,541 2,584 2,366 2,365 175 220

NONVETERANS, 18 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 219,793 222,623 96,888 98,561 122,906 124,062

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 143,572 145,746 72,636 73,736 70,936 72,010

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65.3 65.5 75.0 74.8 57.7 58.0

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135,360 138,309 68,082 69,685 67,278 68,624

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61.6 62.1 70.3 70.7 54.7 55.3

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8,212 7,437 4,554 4,051 3,658 3,386

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.7 5.1 6.3 5.5 5.2 4.7

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76,222 76,877 24,252 24,825 51,970 52,052

NOTE: Veterans served on active duty in the U.S. Armed Forces and were not on active duty at the time of the survey. Nonveterans never served on active duty in the

U.S. Armed Forces. Veterans could have served anywhere in the world during these periods of service: Gulf War era II (September 2001-present), Gulf War era I (August

1990-August 2001), Vietnam era (August 1964-April 1975), Korean War (July 1950-January 1955), World War II (December 1941-December 1946), and other service

periods (all other time periods). Veterans who served in more than one wartime period are classified only in the most recent one. Veterans who served during one of the

selected wartime periods and another period are classified only in the wartime period.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-6. Employment status of the civilian population by sex, age, and disability status, not seasonally

adjusted

[Numbers in thousands]

Employment status, sex, and age

Persons with a disability Persons with no disability

Feb.

2015

Feb.

2016

Feb.

2015

Feb.

2016

TOTAL, 16 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population...................................................... 29,316 28,915 220,584 223,662

Civilian labor force..................................................................... 5,806 5,643 150,407 152,636

Participation rate..................................................................... 19.8 19.5 68.2 68.2

Employed............................................................................. 5,153 4,936 141,965 145,125

Employment-population ratio.................................................... 17.6 17.1 64.4 64.9

Unemployed.......................................................................... 653 707 8,442 7,511

Unemployment rate............................................................... 11.2 12.5 5.6 4.9

Not in labor force....................................................................... 23,510 23,272 70,177 71,026

Men, 16 to 64 years

Civilian labor force..................................................................... 2,637 2,487 75,718 76,563

Participation rate..................................................................... 34.3 33.2 81.8 82.0

Employed............................................................................. 2,321 2,122 71,047 72,490

Employment-population ratio.................................................... 30.1 28.4 76.8 77.7

Unemployed.......................................................................... 316 365 4,671 4,073

Unemployment rate............................................................... 12.0 14.7 6.2 5.3

Not in labor force....................................................................... 5,061 4,998 16,820 16,782

Women, 16 to 64 years

Civilian labor force..................................................................... 2,201 2,128 66,993 67,999

Participation rate..................................................................... 28.0 27.3 69.9 70.4

Employed............................................................................. 1,925 1,853 63,564 64,825

Employment-population ratio.................................................... 24.5 23.8 66.3 67.2

Unemployed.......................................................................... 276 275 3,429 3,174

Unemployment rate............................................................... 12.5 12.9 5.1 4.7

Not in labor force....................................................................... 5,647 5,664 28,886 28,533

Both sexes, 65 years and over

Civilian labor force..................................................................... 967 1,028 7,696 8,075

Participation rate..................................................................... 7.0 7.5 23.9 23.9

Employed............................................................................. 907 961 7,354 7,810

Employment-population ratio.................................................... 6.6 7.0 22.9 23.1

Unemployed.......................................................................... 60 67 342 264

Unemployment rate............................................................... 6.2 6.5 4.4 3.3

Not in labor force....................................................................... 12,802 12,610 24,471 25,712

NOTE: A person with a disability has at least one of the following conditions: is deaf or has serious difficulty hearing; is blind or has serious difficulty

seeing even when wearing glasses; has serious difficulty concentrating, remembering, or making decisions because of a physical, mental, or

emotional condition; has serious difficulty walking or climbing stairs; has difficulty dressing or bathing; or has difficulty doing errands alone such as

visiting a doctor’s office or shopping because of a physical, mental, or emotional condition. Updated population controls are introduced annually with

the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-7. Employment status of the civilian population by nativity and sex, not seasonally adjusted

[Numbers in thousands]

Employment status and nativity

Total Men Women

Feb.

2015

Feb.

2016

Feb.

2015

Feb.

2016

Feb.

2015

Feb.

2016

Foreign born, 16 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population................................... 40,300 40,960 19,540 19,976 20,760 20,984

Civilian labor force.................................................. 26,276 26,602 15,233 15,402 11,043 11,200

Participation rate.................................................. 65.2 64.9 78.0 77.1 53.2 53.4

Employed.......................................................... 24,741 25,391 14,326 14,743 10,414 10,648

Employment-population ratio................................. 61.4 62.0 73.3 73.8 50.2 50.7

Unemployed....................................................... 1,536 1,211 907 659 629 553

Unemployment rate............................................ 5.8 4.6 6.0 4.3 5.7 4.9

Not in labor force.................................................... 14,023 14,358 4,306 4,574 9,717 9,784

Native born, 16 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population................................... 209,600 211,618 101,108 102,041 108,492 109,577

Civilian labor force.................................................. 129,937 131,677 67,807 68,650 62,130 63,027

Participation rate.................................................. 62.0 62.2 67.1 67.3 57.3 57.5

Employed.......................................................... 122,378 124,670 63,497 64,672 58,880 59,998

Employment-population ratio................................. 58.4 58.9 62.8 63.4 54.3 54.8

Unemployed....................................................... 7,559 7,007 4,309 3,978 3,250 3,029

Unemployment rate............................................ 5.8 5.3 6.4 5.8 5.2 4.8

Not in labor force.................................................... 79,663 79,941 33,301 33,391 46,362 46,550

NOTE: The foreign born are those residing in the United States who were not U.S. citizens at birth. That is, they were born outside the United States

or one of its outlying areas such as Puerto Rico or Guam, to parents neither of whom was a U.S. citizen. The native born are persons who were born

in the United States or one of its outlying areas such as Puerto Rico or Guam or who were born abroad of at least one parent who was a U.S. citizen.

Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-8. Employed persons by class of worker and part-time status

[In thousands]

Category

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

Feb.

2015

Jan.

2016

Feb.

2016

Feb.

2015

Oct.

2015

Nov.

2015

Dec.

2015

Jan.

2016

Feb.

2016

CLASS OF WORKER

Agriculture and related industries................. 2,234 2,200 2,274 2,424 2,394 2,424 2,411 2,385 2,456

Wage and salary workers1

...................... 1,397 1,381 1,402 1,566 1,568 1,557 1,562 1,538 1,571

Self-employed workers, unincorporated. . . . . .. 808 792 857 841 804 822 814 827 878

Unpaid family workers........................... 29 27 15 – – – – – –

Nonagricultural industries.......................... 144,884 146,838 147,787 145,801 146,864 147,110 147,587 148,115 148,620

Wage and salary workers1

...................... 136,577 138,298 139,112 137,351 138,182 138,478 139,054 139,371 139,815

Government..................................... 20,893 20,956 21,104 20,583 20,597 21,088 20,824 20,715 20,775

Private industries............................... 115,683 117,342 118,008 116,782 117,509 117,368 118,193 118,690 119,024

Private households.......................... 817 714 685 – – – – – –

Other industries.............................. 114,866 116,628 117,322 115,934 116,711 116,626 117,432 118,025 118,332

Self-employed workers, unincorporated. . . . . .. 8,238 8,500 8,606 8,400 8,639 8,593 8,551 8,699 8,735

Unpaid family workers........................... 69 39 69 – – – – – –

PERSONS AT WORK PART TIME2

All industries

Part time for economic reasons3

.................. 6,772 6,406 6,106 6,630 5,761 6,085 6,022 5,988 5,988

Slack work or business conditions............. 4,011 3,941 3,726 3,847 3,289 3,536 3,548 3,544 3,579

Could only find part-time work.................. 2,355 2,054 2,062 2,395 2,189 2,221 2,172 2,134 2,104

Part time for noneconomic reasons4

.............. 20,437 20,554 21,347 19,850 20,179 20,171 20,243 20,311 20,615

Nonagricultural industries

Part time for economic reasons3

.................. 6,669 6,234 6,005 6,542 5,702 5,970 5,910 5,851 5,897

Slack work or business conditions............. 3,941 3,851 3,654 3,794 3,264 3,469 3,482 3,467 3,519

Could only find part-time work.................. 2,345 2,038 2,053 2,394 2,176 2,208 2,161 2,116 2,099

Part time for noneconomic reasons4

.............. 20,079 20,265 20,991 19,502 19,817 19,783 19,932 19,973 20,238

1

Includes self-employed workers whose businesses are incorporated.

2 Refers to those who worked 1 to 34 hours during the survey reference week and excludes employed persons who were absent from their jobs for

the entire week.

3 Refers to those who worked 1 to 34 hours during the reference week for an economic reason such as slack work or unfavorable business

conditions, inability to find full-time work, or seasonal declines in demand.

4 Refers to persons who usually work part time for noneconomic reasons such as childcare problems, family or personal obligations, school or

training, retirement or Social Security limits on earnings, and other reasons. This excludes persons who usually work full time but worked only 1 to

34 hours during the reference week for reasons such as vacations, holidays, illness, and bad weather.

- Data not available.

NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment

of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-9. Selected employment indicators

[Numbers in thousands]

Characteristic

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

Feb.

2015

Jan.

2016

Feb.

2016

Feb.

2015

Oct.

2015

Nov.

2015

Dec.

2015

Jan.

2016

Feb.

2016

AGE AND SEX

Total, 16 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 147,118 149,037 150,060 148,231 149,197 149,444 149,929 150,544 151,074

16 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,389 4,490 4,608 4,790 4,715 4,729 4,899 4,901 4,990

16 to 17 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,433 1,515 1,530 1,638 1,577 1,559 1,648 1,669 1,731

18 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,956 2,975 3,078 3,188 3,130 3,142 3,232 3,222 3,279

20 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142,729 144,547 145,453 143,441 144,481 144,714 145,030 145,644 146,085

20 to 24 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13,833 13,669 13,848 14,121 14,034 13,920 14,061 14,056 14,109

25 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 128,896 130,878 131,605 129,357 130,518 130,837 130,995 131,597 131,922

25 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96,086 97,047 97,380 96,572 96,721 96,960 96,976 97,583 97,736

25 to 34 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32,559 33,096 33,322 32,679 32,793 32,814 32,891 33,320 33,370

35 to 44 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30,909 31,366 31,370 31,093 31,360 31,361 31,466 31,511 31,548

45 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32,618 32,584 32,688 32,800 32,568 32,785 32,620 32,752 32,818

55 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32,810 33,832 34,225 32,786 33,796 33,877 34,019 34,014 34,186

Men, 16 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77,824 78,792 79,415 78,978 79,225 79,182 79,546 80,104 80,491

16 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,153 2,148 2,267 2,403 2,368 2,358 2,427 2,400 2,501

16 to 17 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 666 713 701 795 778 781 780 813 830

18 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,487 1,435 1,565 1,637 1,595 1,571 1,631 1,587 1,681

20 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75,671 76,644 77,148 76,575 76,857 76,823 77,119 77,704 77,991

20 to 24 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7,102 6,915 7,107 7,331 7,151 7,026 7,173 7,191 7,293

25 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68,569 69,728 70,041 69,234 69,766 69,767 69,945 70,500 70,637

25 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51,312 51,865 52,013 51,880 51,836 51,862 51,935 52,436 52,513

25 to 34 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17,560 17,823 17,905 17,742 17,730 17,732 17,785 18,069 18,056

35 to 44 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16,595 16,853 16,895 16,784 16,914 16,829 16,933 17,010 17,075

45 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17,157 17,189 17,213 17,355 17,192 17,302 17,217 17,357 17,382

55 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17,256 17,864 18,027 17,353 17,931 17,905 18,010 18,064 18,125

Women, 16 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69,294 70,246 70,646 69,253 69,971 70,262 70,383 70,440 70,583

16 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,236 2,342 2,341 2,387 2,347 2,371 2,472 2,501 2,489

16 to 17 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 767 801 829 843 799 778 868 856 901

18 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,470 1,540 1,512 1,551 1,535 1,571 1,601 1,635 1,598

20 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67,058 67,904 68,305 66,866 67,624 67,891 67,911 67,940 68,094

20 to 24 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,731 6,754 6,741 6,789 6,883 6,894 6,888 6,865 6,817

25 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60,328 61,150 61,564 60,124 60,752 61,070 61,051 61,096 61,285

25 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44,774 45,182 45,367 44,691 44,886 45,098 45,042 45,147 45,224

25 to 34 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14,999 15,273 15,417 14,937 15,064 15,082 15,106 15,250 15,315

35 to 44 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14,314 14,514 14,475 14,309 14,445 14,533 14,533 14,501 14,474

45 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15,461 15,396 15,475 15,445 15,377 15,483 15,403 15,395 15,435

55 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15,553 15,968 16,197 15,432 15,866 15,972 16,009 15,950 16,061

MARITAL STATUS

Married men, spouse present. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44,575 44,942 44,874 44,904 44,858 44,816 45,187 45,231 45,175

Married women, spouse present. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35,146 35,046 35,344 34,908 35,146 35,185 35,080 34,997 35,100

Women who maintain families. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9,137 9,753 9,638 – – – – – –

FULL- OR PART-TIME STATUS

Full-time workers1

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119,313 121,411 121,757 120,788 122,054 122,099 122,603 123,141 123,206

Part-time workers2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27,805 27,627 28,303 27,415 27,209 27,332 27,359 27,364 27,853

MULTIPLE JOBHOLDERS

Total multiple jobholders. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7,221 7,314 7,454 7,062 7,452 7,414 7,738 7,504 7,339

Percent of total employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.9 4.9 5.0 4.8 5.0 5.0 5.2 5.0 4.9

SELF-EMPLOYMENT

Self-employed workers, incorporated. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,425 5,796 5,793 – – – – – –

Self-employed workers, unincorporated. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9,047 9,291 9,463 9,241 9,443 9,415 9,364 9,526 9,613

1 Employed full-time workers are persons who usually work 35 hours or more per week.

2 Employed part-time workers are persons who usually work less than 35 hours per week.

- Data not available.

NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series.

Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-10. Selected unemployment indicators, seasonally adjusted

Characteristic

Number of

unemployed persons

(in thousands)

Unemployment rates

Feb.

2015

Jan.

2016

Feb.

2016

Feb.

2015

Oct.

2015

Nov.

2015

Dec.

2015

Jan.

2016

Feb.

2016

AGE AND SEX

Total, 16 years and over........................... 8,646 7,791 7,815 5.5 5.0 5.0 5.0 4.9 4.9

16 to 19 years..................................... 984 931 920 17.0 15.8 15.6 16.1 16.0 15.6

16 to 17 years.................................. 366 364 401 18.3 18.0 17.1 17.4 17.9 18.8

18 to 19 years.................................. 617 566 525 16.2 14.8 15.2 15.2 14.9 13.8

20 years and over................................ 7,663 6,860 6,895 5.1 4.6 4.6 4.6 4.5 4.5

20 to 24 years.................................. 1,558 1,252 1,328 9.9 9.4 9.6 9.4 8.2 8.6

25 years and over.............................. 6,109 5,554 5,571 4.5 4.1 4.1 4.0 4.0 4.1

25 to 54 years............................... 4,628 4,287 4,229 4.6 4.4 4.3 4.3 4.2 4.1

25 to 34 years............................. 1,865 1,783 1,775 5.4 5.3 5.5 5.3 5.1 5.1

35 to 44 years............................. 1,451 1,301 1,257 4.5 4.1 3.9 4.0 4.0 3.8

45 to 54 years............................. 1,312 1,203 1,196 3.8 3.6 3.3 3.6 3.5 3.5

55 years and over........................... 1,474 1,290 1,344 4.3 3.5 3.7 3.2 3.7 3.8

Men, 16 years and over............................ 4,712 4,134 4,181 5.6 5.1 5.2 5.2 4.9 4.9

16 to 19 years..................................... 518 505 504 17.7 16.7 18.1 17.7 17.4 16.8

16 to 17 years.................................. 183 200 226 18.7 20.2 19.1 20.6 19.8 21.4

18 to 19 years.................................. 339 305 285 17.2 15.1 17.8 15.8 16.1 14.5

20 years and over................................ 4,194 3,629 3,677 5.2 4.7 4.7 4.7 4.5 4.5

20 to 24 years.................................. 888 712 745 10.8 10.6 11.2 10.3 9.0 9.3

25 years and over.............................. 3,304 2,881 2,938 4.6 4.1 4.0 4.1 3.9 4.0

25 to 54 years............................... 2,482 2,181 2,182 4.6 4.3 4.2 4.3 4.0 4.0

25 to 34 years............................. 1,041 945 959 5.5 5.5 5.6 5.6 5.0 5.0

35 to 44 years............................. 747 639 637 4.3 3.8 3.7 3.9 3.6 3.6

45 to 54 years............................. 694 597 586 3.8 3.5 3.2 3.5 3.3 3.3

55 years and over........................... 822 700 756 4.5 3.4 3.7 3.5 3.7 4.0

Women, 16 years and over........................ 3,934 3,657 3,634 5.4 4.9 4.9 4.8 4.9 4.9

16 to 19 years..................................... 465 425 415 16.3 14.9 13.0 14.4 14.5 14.3

16 to 17 years.................................. 183 164 176 17.9 15.8 15.1 14.2 16.1 16.3

18 to 19 years.................................. 278 261 240 15.2 14.4 12.5 14.7 13.8 13.1

20 years and over................................ 3,469 3,231 3,219 4.9 4.5 4.6 4.4 4.5 4.5

20 to 24 years.................................. 670 540 583 9.0 8.1 7.9 8.5 7.3 7.9

25 years and over.............................. 2,804 2,672 2,632 4.5 4.1 4.2 4.0 4.2 4.1

25 to 54 years............................... 2,146 2,106 2,047 4.6 4.4 4.4 4.4 4.5 4.3

25 to 34 years............................. 824 838 817 5.2 5.1 5.4 5.0 5.2 5.1

35 to 44 years............................. 704 662 619 4.7 4.5 4.3 4.2 4.4 4.1

45 to 54 years............................. 617 606 610 3.8 3.7 3.4 3.8 3.8 3.8

55 years and over........................... 640 580 577 4.0 3.4 3.6 3.1 3.5 3.5

MARITAL STATUS

Married men, spouse present...................... 1,408 1,219 1,182 3.0 2.8 2.7 2.7 2.6 2.6

Married women, spouse present.................. 1,168 1,081 1,077 3.2 3.0 3.1 3.0 3.0 3.0

Women who maintain families1

.................... 760 744 729 7.7 7.5 6.9 5.8 7.1 7.0

FULL- OR PART-TIME STATUS

Full-time workers2................................... 7,250 6,340 6,380 5.7 5.1 5.1 5.1 4.9 4.9

Part-time workers3.................................. 1,402 1,444 1,430 4.9 4.6 4.9 4.6 5.0 4.9

1 Not seasonally adjusted.

2 Full-time workers are unemployed persons who have expressed a desire to work full time (35 hours or more per week) or are on layoff from full-time

jobs.

3 Part-time workers are unemployed persons who have expressed a desire to work part time (less than 35 hours per week) or are on layoff from

part-time jobs.

NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment

of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-11. Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment

[Numbers in thousands]

Reason

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

Feb.

2015

Jan.

2016

Feb.

2016

Feb.

2015

Oct.

2015

Nov.

2015

Dec.

2015

Jan.

2016

Feb.

2016

NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED

Job losers and persons who completed

temporary jobs.................................... 4,721 4,287 4,244 4,177 3,944 3,873 3,796 3,664 3,749

On temporary layoff.............................. 1,349 1,314 1,282 1,027 936 939 937 923 960

Not on temporary layoff.......................... 3,372 2,974 2,962 3,150 3,007 2,934 2,859 2,741 2,790

Permanent job losers.......................... 2,316 1,986 2,049 2,206 2,115 2,112 2,044 1,876 1,969

Persons who completed temporary jobs. . .. 1,056 988 912 944 893 822 815 865 821

Job leavers........................................... 894 774 766 880 790 800 821 766 760

Reentrants............................................ 2,635 2,537 2,467 2,632 2,435 2,449 2,476 2,468 2,467

New entrants......................................... 845 711 742 949 812 847 858 827 833

PERCENT DISTRIBUTION

Job losers and persons who completed

temporary jobs.................................... 51.9 51.6 51.6 48.4 49.4 48.6 47.7 47.4 48.0

On temporary layoff.............................. 14.8 15.8 15.6 11.9 11.7 11.8 11.8 11.9 12.3

Not on temporary layoff.......................... 37.1 35.8 36.0 36.5 37.7 36.8 36.0 35.5 35.7

Job leavers........................................... 9.8 9.3 9.3 10.2 9.9 10.0 10.3 9.9 9.7

Reentrants............................................ 29.0 30.5 30.0 30.5 30.5 30.7 31.1 31.9 31.6

New entrants......................................... 9.3 8.6 9.0 11.0 10.2 10.6 10.8 10.7 10.7

UNEMPLOYED AS A PERCENT OF THE

CIVILIAN LABOR FORCE

Job losers and persons who completed

temporary jobs.................................... 3.0 2.7 2.7 2.7 2.5 2.5 2.4 2.3 2.4

Job leavers........................................... 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5

Reentrants............................................ 1.7 1.6 1.6 1.7 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6

New entrants......................................... 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-12. Unemployed persons by duration of unemployment

[Numbers in thousands]

Duration

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

Feb.

2015

Jan.

2016

Feb.

2016

Feb.

2015

Oct.

2015

Nov.

2015

Dec.

2015

Jan.

2016

Feb.

2016

NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED

Less than 5 weeks.................................. 2,185 2,574 2,057 2,432 2,339 2,412 2,405 2,249 2,297

5 to 14 weeks........................................ 2,662 2,438 2,636 2,251 2,295 2,253 2,192 2,282 2,236

15 weeks and over.................................. 4,248 3,297 3,525 3,993 3,359 3,324 3,320 3,224 3,297

15 to 26 weeks.................................... 1,485 1,144 1,277 1,317 1,227 1,270 1,235 1,135 1,132

27 weeks and over............................... 2,763 2,153 2,248 2,677 2,132 2,054 2,085 2,089 2,165

Average (mean) duration, in weeks............... 31.1 27.6 29.0 31.4 28.0 27.9 27.6 28.9 29.0

Median duration, in weeks......................... 13.1 10.5 11.7 13.0 11.1 10.7 10.5 10.9 11.2

PERCENT DISTRIBUTION

Less than 5 weeks.................................. 24.0 31.0 25.0 28.0 29.3 30.2 30.4 29.0 29.3

5 to 14 weeks........................................ 29.3 29.3 32.1 25.9 28.7 28.2 27.7 29.4 28.6

15 weeks and over.................................. 46.7 39.7 42.9 46.0 42.0 41.6 41.9 41.6 42.1

15 to 26 weeks.................................... 16.3 13.8 15.5 15.2 15.4 15.9 15.6 14.6 14.5

27 weeks and over............................... 30.4 25.9 27.4 30.8 26.7 25.7 26.3 26.9 27.7

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-13. Employed and unemployed persons by occupation, not seasonally adjusted

[Numbers in thousands]

Occupation

Employed Unemployed Unemployment

rates

Feb.

2015

Feb.

2016

Feb.

2015

Feb.

2016

Feb.

2015

Feb.

2016

Total, 16 years and over1

............................................. 147,118 150,060 9,095 8,219 5.8 5.2

Management, professional, and related occupations........... 57,596 59,583 1,601 1,456 2.7 2.4

Management, business, and financial operations

occupations..................................................... 23,630 24,769 674 672 2.8 2.6

Professional and related occupations.......................... 33,966 34,815 927 784 2.7 2.2

Service occupations................................................ 24,802 25,678 1,971 1,792 7.4 6.5

Sales and office occupations...................................... 34,054 33,766 1,821 1,769 5.1 5.0

Sales and related occupations.................................. 15,838 16,146 868 751 5.2 4.4

Office and administrative support occupations............... 18,216 17,619 953 1,018 5.0 5.5

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance

occupations........................................................ 13,258 13,351 1,454 1,227 9.9 8.4

Farming, fishing, and forestry occupations.................... 966 978 170 146 15.0 13.0

Construction and extraction occupations...................... 7,323 7,595 959 834 11.6 9.9

Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations........... 4,968 4,778 325 247 6.1 4.9

Production, transportation, and material moving

occupations........................................................ 17,409 17,683 1,380 1,193 7.3 6.3

Production occupations.......................................... 8,481 8,472 639 546 7.0 6.1

Transportation and material moving occupations............ 8,928 9,211 741 647 7.7 6.6

1 Persons with no previous work experience and persons whose last job was in the U.S. Armed Forces are included in the unemployed total.

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-14. Unemployed persons by industry and class of worker, not seasonally adjusted

Industry and class of worker

Number of

unemployed

persons

(in thousands)

Unemployment

rates

Feb.

2015

Feb.

2016

Feb.

2015

Feb.

2016

Total, 16 years and over1

................................................................ 9,095 8,219 5.8 5.2

Nonagricultural private wage and salary workers.................................. 7,046 6,295 5.7 5.1

Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction.................................... 90 85 8.6 9.2

Construction.......................................................................... 906 749 10.6 8.7

Manufacturing........................................................................ 814 729 5.2 4.7

Durable goods..................................................................... 456 454 4.7 4.7

Nondurable goods................................................................ 357 275 6.2 4.8

Wholesale and retail trade......................................................... 1,193 1,086 5.7 5.3

Transportation and utilities......................................................... 308 297 5.0 4.4

Information............................................................................ 130 103 4.5 3.7

Financial activities................................................................... 292 349 3.1 3.6

Professional and business services............................................... 911 932 5.8 5.8

Education and health services..................................................... 794 692 3.5 3.0

Leisure and hospitality.............................................................. 1,165 965 8.8 7.1

Other services........................................................................ 443 307 6.7 4.7

Agriculture and related private wage and salary workers......................... 196 164 12.7 10.8

Government workers................................................................... 513 596 2.4 2.7

Self-employed workers, unincorporated, and unpaid family workers............ 495 422 5.1 4.2

1 Persons with no previous work experience and persons whose last job was in the U.S. Armed Forces are included in the unemployed total.

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-15. Alternative measures of labor underutilization

[Percent]

Measure

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

Feb.

2015

Jan.

2016

Feb.

2016

Feb.

2015

Oct.

2015

Nov.

2015

Dec.

2015

Jan.

2016

Feb.

2016

U-1 Persons unemployed 15 weeks or longer,

as a percent of the civilian labor force......... 2.7 2.1 2.2 2.5 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.0 2.1

U-2 Job losers and persons who completed

temporary jobs, as a percent of the civilian

labor force......................................... 3.0 2.7 2.7 2.7 2.5 2.5 2.4 2.3 2.4

U-3 Total unemployed, as a percent of the

civilian labor force (official unemployment

rate)................................................ 5.8 5.3 5.2 5.5 5.0 5.0 5.0 4.9 4.9

U-4 Total unemployed plus discouraged

workers, as a percent of the civilian labor

force plus discouraged workers................. 6.3 5.7 5.6 6.0 5.4 5.4 5.4 5.3 5.3

U-5 Total unemployed, plus discouraged

workers, plus all other persons marginally

attached to the labor force, as a percent of

the civilian labor force plus all persons

marginally attached to the labor force. . . . . . . .. 7.1 6.5 6.3 6.8 6.2 6.1 6.1 6.2 6.0

U-6 Total unemployed, plus all persons

marginally attached to the labor force, plus

total employed part time for economic

reasons, as a percent of the civilian labor

force plus all persons marginally attached to

the labor force..................................... 11.4 10.5 10.1 11.0 9.8 9.9 9.9 9.9 9.7

NOTE: Persons marginally attached to the labor force are those who currently are neither working nor looking for work but indicate that they want and

are available for a job and have looked for work sometime in the past 12 months. Discouraged workers, a subset of the marginally attached, have

given a job-market related reason for not currently looking for work. Persons employed part time for economic reasons are those who want and are

available for full-time work but have had to settle for a part-time schedule. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of

January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-16. Persons not in the labor force and multiple jobholders by sex, not seasonally adjusted

[Numbers in thousands]

Category

Total Men Women

Feb.

2015

Feb.

2016

Feb.

2015

Feb.

2016

Feb.

2015

Feb.

2016

NOT IN THE LABOR FORCE

Total not in the labor force........................................... 93,686 94,298 37,607 37,965 56,079 56,333

Persons who currently want a job................................ 6,575 5,949 3,054 2,759 3,521 3,189

Marginally attached to the labor force1

........................ 2,159 1,803 1,108 943 1,052 860

Discouraged workers2

......................................... 732 599 430 363 302 236

Other persons marginally attached to the labor force3. .. 1,428 1,204 678 580 750 624

MULTIPLE JOBHOLDERS

Total multiple jobholders4

............................................. 7,221 7,454 3,585 3,592 3,636 3,862

Percent of total employed.......................................... 4.9 5.0 4.6 4.5 5.2 5.5

Primary job full time, secondary job part time................... 3,824 3,891 2,105 2,092 1,720 1,799

Primary and secondary jobs both part time..................... 1,983 2,146 687 734 1,296 1,412

Primary and secondary jobs both full time....................... 231 255 143 164 88 91

Hours vary on primary or secondary job......................... 1,132 1,107 621 570 511 537

1 Data refer to persons who want a job, have searched for work during the prior 12 months, and were available to take a job during the reference

week, but had not looked for work in the past 4 weeks.

2

Includes those who did not actively look for work in the prior 4 weeks for reasons such as thinks no work available, could not find work, lacks

schooling or training, employer thinks too young or old, and other types of discrimination.

3

Includes those who did not actively look for work in the prior 4 weeks for such reasons as school or family responsibilities, ill health, and

transportation problems, as well as a number for whom reason for nonparticipation was not determined.

4

Includes a small number of persons who work part time on their primary job and full time on their secondary job(s), not shown separately.

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-1. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and selected industry detail

[In thousands]

Industry

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

Feb.

2015

Dec.

2015

Jan.

2016p

Feb.

2016p

Feb.

2015

Dec.

2015

Jan.

2016p

Feb.

2016p

Change

from:

Jan.2016 -

Feb.2016p

Total nonfarm. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139,343 144,116 141,155 142,005 140,888 143,146 143,318 143,560 242

Total private. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117,084 121,710 119,271 119,678 118,921 121,106 121,288 121,518 230

Goods-producing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19,042 19,595 19,198 19,171 19,568 19,678 19,707 19,692 -15

Mining and logging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 861 765 741 717 875 761 752 734 -18

Logging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50.9 51.1 49.4 49.8 52.9 50.8 50.4 51.5 1.1

Mining. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 809.8 714.0 691.8 667.5 822.4 710.3 701.2 682.0 -19.2

Oil and gas extraction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 196.2 184.3 181.8 178.8 197.2 182.9 181.6 179.8 -1.8

Mining, except oil and gas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 196.0 188.6 182.2 180.8 204.7 191.3 190.6 189.1 -1.5

Coal mining. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68.2 60.7 58.9 57.0 68.5 60.6 59.4 57.7 -1.7

Metal ore mining. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42.9 39.8 39.1 38.9 43.3 39.8 39.3 39.2 -0.1

Nonmetallic mineral mining and

quarrying. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84.9 88.1 84.2 84.9 93.0 91.0 91.9 92.2 0.3

Support activities for mining. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 417.6 341.1 327.8 307.9 420.5 336.1 329.0 313.1 -15.9

Construction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,962 6,507 6,210 6,215 6,378 6,597 6,612 6,631 19

Construction of buildings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,346.3 1,433.8 1,393.5 1,392.6 1,411.6 1,438.8 1,451.5 1,457.9 6.4

Residential building. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 648.4 706.0 682.2 679.6 683.3 707.6 713.4 715.5 2.1

Nonresidential building. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 697.9 727.8 711.3 713.0 728.3 731.2 738.1 742.4 4.3

Heavy and civil engineering construction. . . . . . 826.6 908.4 831.1 834.3 930.4 943.7 937.6 938.3 0.7

Specialty trade contractors. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,788.7 4,164.4 3,985.3 3,988.1 4,035.7 4,214.0 4,222.6 4,234.9 12.3

Residential specialty trade contractors. . . . . . 1,629.9 1,812.7 1,738.8 1,750.9 1,745.8 1,843.0 1,854.9 1,868.7 13.8

Nonresidential specialty trade contractors. . . 2,158.8 2,351.7 2,246.5 2,237.2 2,289.9 2,371.0 2,367.7 2,366.2 -1.5

Manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12,219 12,323 12,247 12,239 12,315 12,320 12,343 12,327 -16

Durable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7,721 7,735 7,698 7,691 7,769 7,731 7,747 7,735 -12

Wood products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 372.7 385.2 377.8 377.7 377.8 385.6 383.6 383.0 -0.6

Nonmetallic mineral products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 376.8 397.4 387.2 386.4 392.6 400.7 401.6 402.6 1.0

Primary metals. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 399.6 384.8 383.3 380.2 401.0 383.9 382.8 381.2 -1.6

Fabricated metal products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,463.7 1,442.7 1,438.3 1,430.1 1,472.2 1,440.0 1,445.5 1,436.0 -9.5

Machinery. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,135.8 1,103.5 1,098.7 1,097.6 1,137.6 1,102.3 1,100.5 1,098.8 -1.7

Computer and electronic products. . . . . . . . . . . 1,050.1 1,041.4 1,043.4 1,042.0 1,054.9 1,042.3 1,046.3 1,045.9 -0.4

Computer and peripheral equipment. . . . . . 158.9 156.2 161.5 161.6 160.0 157.2 161.0 162.1 1.1

Communications equipment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89.3 86.1 85.5 84.6 89.7 85.8 85.5 84.9 -0.6

Semiconductors and electronic

components. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 368.6 365.5 365.0 364.9 369.4 365.5 366.2 365.7 -0.5

Electronic instruments. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 397.2 398.3 396.8 396.0 399.3 398.8 398.7 398.0 -0.7

Miscellaneous computer and electronic

products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36.1 35.3 34.6 34.9 36.5 35.0 34.8 35.2 0.4

Electrical equipment and appliances. . . . . . . . 382.1 384.9 384.9 385.1 382.5 384.3 385.7 385.4 -0.3

Transportation equipment1

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,588.2 1,608.1 1,602.6 1,607.6 1,588.7 1,605.4 1,610.1 1,608.9 -1.2

Motor vehicles and parts2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 896.2 919.6 917.5 921.9 897.2 918.1 922.5 924.5 2.0

Furniture and related products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 371.9 386.3 385.1 387.6 376.7 387.2 390.2 392.7 2.5

Miscellaneous durable goods

manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 580.5 600.3 596.7 596.6 584.8 598.8 600.4 600.8 0.4

Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,498 4,588 4,549 4,548 4,546 4,589 4,596 4,592 -4

Food manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,478.4 1,511.8 1,498.6 1,495.7 1,503.4 1,512.2 1,522.3 1,517.5 -4.8

Textile mills. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117.0 115.2 115.0 114.7 117.6 115.2 116.3 115.1 -1.2

Textile product mills. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114.5 117.3 116.3 116.8 115.9 116.9 118.0 118.2 0.2

Apparel. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 137.6 136.9 134.5 135.2 137.2 136.1 134.4 134.9 0.5

Paper and paper products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 370.1 373.6 372.3 370.5 372.0 373.1 373.0 372.3 -0.7

Printing and related support activities. . . . . . . 448.6 451.4 446.3 443.6 450.5 448.5 447.7 445.7 -2.0

Petroleum and coal products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105.3 114.8 111.5 111.2 109.3 116.7 115.9 115.5 -0.4

Chemicals. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 805.9 815.1 813.2 815.4 807.8 814.5 815.3 816.8 1.5

Plastics and rubber products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 680.9 689.3 686.5 687.4 684.2 690.5 690.3 690.1 -0.2

Miscellaneous nondurable goods

manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 239.3 262.5 254.6 257.1 248.0 265.6 262.6 265.8 3.2

Private service-providing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98,042 102,115 100,073 100,507 99,353 101,428 101,581 101,826 245

Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26,344 27,867 27,000 26,814 26,750 27,114 27,167 27,220 53

Wholesale trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,815.5 5,907.7 5,863.0 5,867.4 5,860.0 5,901.1 5,911.0 5,911.7 0.7

Durable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,915.9 2,948.3 2,933.2 2,935.4 2,929.8 2,945.6 2,948.2 2,949.2 1.0

Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,999.8 2,049.8 2,027.4 2,028.8 2,024.5 2,050.3 2,053.2 2,053.5 0.3

See footnotes at end of table.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-1. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and selected industry detail

— Continued

[In thousands]

Industry

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

Feb.

2015

Dec.

2015

Jan.

2016p

Feb.

2016p

Feb.

2015

Dec.

2015

Jan.

2016p

Feb.

2016p

Change

from:

Jan.2016 -

Feb.2016p

Wholesale trade - Continued

Electronic markets and agents and

brokers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 899.8 909.6 902.4 903.2 905.7 905.2 909.6 909.0 -0.6

Retail trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15,238.9 16,303.2 15,725.4 15,583.0 15,539.2 15,760.8 15,822.9 15,877.8 54.9

Motor vehicle and parts dealers. . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,886.8 1,963.8 1,957.1 1,962.6 1,910.0 1,973.9 1,982.1 1,984.7 2.6

Automobile dealers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,214.0 1,268.7 1,264.8 1,268.5 1,222.0 1,271.2 1,273.6 1,275.9 2.3

Other motor vehicle dealers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 134.1 143.1 141.7 143.1 143.0 150.7 152.4 152.2 -0.2

Auto parts, accessories, and tire stores. . . 538.7 552.0 550.6 551.0 545.0 552.0 556.1 556.6 0.5

Furniture and home furnishings stores. . . . . . 463.1 490.1 476.6 472.1 469.1 467.4 474.5 477.4 2.9

Electronics and appliance stores. . . . . . . . . . . . 511.7 553.7 547.3 525.4 514.8 524.5 527.9 528.8 0.9

Building material and garden supply

stores. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,185.9 1,221.0 1,198.5 1,221.9 1,234.2 1,258.4 1,262.7 1,268.6 5.9

Food and beverage stores. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,025.1 3,089.8 3,051.9 3,054.7 3,057.2 3,067.5 3,071.3 3,086.4 15.1

Health and personal care stores. . . . . . . . . . . . 1,029.0 1,051.5 1,038.0 1,035.5 1,033.4 1,033.2 1,035.5 1,038.7 3.2

Gasoline stations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 880.7 912.6 905.7 901.9 897.4 915.4 917.2 918.4 1.2

Clothing and clothing accessories stores. . . . 1,301.2 1,517.5 1,386.8 1,338.5 1,354.0 1,359.1 1,378.8 1,389.9 11.1

Sporting goods, hobby, book, and music

stores. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 610.9 692.0 631.3 623.4 629.2 628.4 631.3 638.0 6.7

General merchandise stores. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,042.9 3,387.1 3,182.1 3,108.6 3,112.4 3,164.4 3,172.6 3,180.9 8.3

Department stores. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,308.5 1,466.9 1,341.3 1,281.0 1,339.6 1,313.1 1,316.9 1,312.8 -4.1

Other general merchandise stores. . . . . . . . 1,734.4 1,920.2 1,840.8 1,827.6 1,772.8 1,851.3 1,855.6 1,868.1 12.5

Miscellaneous store retailers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 806.0 863.6 821.1 816.9 821.9 844.3 839.1 834.0 -5.1

Nonstore retailers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 495.6 560.5 529.0 521.5 505.6 524.3 529.9 532.0 2.1

Transportation and warehousing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,738.2 5,093.4 4,849.0 4,800.4 4,796.0 4,888.8 4,869.3 4,864.0 -5.3

Air transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 447.6 460.9 460.4 459.8 450.5 462.0 462.8 462.7 -0.1

Rail transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 245.7 228.9 222.9 219.9 246.8 229.1 223.7 220.8 -2.9

Water transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65.0 60.8 59.8 59.0 66.6 61.5 61.5 60.8 -0.7

Truck transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,417.4 1,462.5 1,436.9 1,431.8 1,451.6 1,463.8 1,466.3 1,465.7 -0.6

Transit and ground passenger

transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 484.5 490.9 484.1 485.1 472.7 473.8 472.3 473.4 1.1

Pipeline transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47.9 50.3 50.3 49.4 48.1 50.2 50.3 49.5 -0.8

Scenic and sightseeing transportation. . . . . . . 24.5 24.4 20.9 21.3 31.4 29.5 28.7 28.8 0.1

Support activities for transportation. . . . . . . . . . 632.1 658.1 648.1 648.1 637.1 654.5 653.0 653.2 0.2

Couriers and messengers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 589.6 792.3 631.9 591.2 599.0 623.7 610.0 606.0 -4.0

Warehousing and storage. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 783.9 864.3 833.7 834.8 792.2 840.7 840.7 843.1 2.4

Utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 551.6 563.1 562.1 563.5 554.8 563.7 564.0 566.0 2.0

Information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,729 2,768 2,730 2,773 2,738 2,763 2,767 2,779 12

Publishing industries, except Internet. . . . . . . . . . 723.3 727.0 723.7 724.9 726.6 724.0 726.3 727.9 1.6

Motion picture and sound recording

industries. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 390.7 401.5 376.5 414.7 393.1 406.2 406.5 413.6 7.1

Broadcasting, except Internet. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 278.4 281.3 277.6 278.4 279.4 279.7 278.9 279.3 0.4

Telecommunications. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 811.3 807.5 803.3 801.4 811.3 804.0 804.1 801.9 -2.2

Data processing, hosting and related

services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 290.8 300.0 296.2 297.7 291.9 298.9 298.4 299.3 0.9

Other information services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 234.4 250.2 252.3 256.3 235.4 249.7 252.3 257.0 4.7

Financial activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8,016 8,201 8,154 8,159 8,070 8,190 8,206 8,212 6

Finance and insurance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,983.8 6,101.2 6,085.0 6,092.1 5,995.6 6,084.7 6,094.6 6,102.9 8.3

Monetary authorities - central bank. . . . . . . . . . 17.8 17.9 17.8 17.8 18.0 17.9 17.9 17.9 0.0

Credit intermediation and related

activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,555.8 2,579.1 2,577.6 2,574.8 2,561.1 2,572.7 2,579.1 2,579.3 0.2

Depository credit intermediation1

. . . . . . . . . . 1,682.0 1,677.8 1,677.4 1,674.6 1,683.9 1,676.2 1,676.1 1,676.0 -0.1

Commercial banking. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,279.7 1,265.0 1,263.7 1,260.8 1,280.4 1,264.0 1,262.2 1,261.0 -1.2

Nondepository credit intermediation. . . . . . . 584.1 602.0 600.9 601.0 586.9 599.1 602.5 603.5 1.0

Activities related to credit intermediation.. . 289.7 299.3 299.3 299.2 290.3 297.4 300.5 299.7 -0.8

Securities, commodity contracts,

investments, and funds and trusts. . . . . . . . 897.0 922.9 916.6 917.4 899.1 920.7 919.3 919.5 0.2

Insurance carriers and related activities. . . . . 2,513.2 2,581.3 2,573.0 2,582.1 2,517.4 2,573.4 2,578.3 2,586.2 7.9

Real estate and rental and leasing. . . . . . . . . . . . 2,031.7 2,099.5 2,068.7 2,066.5 2,074.5 2,104.8 2,111.2 2,108.7 -2.5

Real estate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,480.6 1,540.9 1,517.0 1,516.6 1,505.2 1,537.7 1,541.0 1,541.2 0.2

Rental and leasing services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 527.9 534.7 528.7 526.7 545.7 543.5 546.6 543.9 -2.7

Lessors of nonfinancial intangible assets. . . . 23.2 23.9 23.0 23.2 23.6 23.6 23.6 23.6 0.0

See footnotes at end of table.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-1. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and selected industry detail

— Continued

[In thousands]

Industry

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

Feb.

2015

Dec.

2015

Jan.

2016p

Feb.

2016p

Feb.

2015

Dec.

2015

Jan.

2016p

Feb.

2016p

Change

from:

Jan.2016 -

Feb.2016p

Private service-providing - Continued

Professional and business services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19,137 20,079 19,669 19,742 19,409 19,981 19,996 20,019 23

Professional and technical services. . . . . . . . . . . . 8,568.4 8,787.6 8,795.2 8,865.1 8,507.9 8,756.5 8,788.0 8,805.6 17.6

Legal services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,112.0 1,130.0 1,115.1 1,114.8 1,118.3 1,124.2 1,123.1 1,121.6 -1.5

Accounting and bookkeeping services. . . . . . 1,090.3 1,000.8 1,088.6 1,136.0 963.4 1,004.1 1,009.8 1,009.9 0.1

Architectural and engineering services. . . . . . 1,373.9 1,423.3 1,414.5 1,415.7 1,395.1 1,425.3 1,432.1 1,437.6 5.5

Specialized design services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 129.1 141.9 136.9 137.3 130.8 139.6 140.0 139.4 -0.6

Computer systems design and related

services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,863.8 1,953.8 1,949.9 1,954.0 1,868.7 1,950.8 1,955.4 1,959.8 4.4

Management and technical consulting

services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,244.8 1,314.4 1,289.1 1,296.9 1,255.8 1,299.7 1,304.2 1,307.6 3.4

Scientific research and development

services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 644.3 662.2 657.3 657.5 649.4 662.1 663.4 662.5 -0.9

Advertising and related services. . . . . . . . . . . . . 475.3 493.5 489.8 490.6 478.4 490.9 493.9 493.5 -0.4

Other professional and technical services. . . 634.9 667.7 654.0 662.3 648.0 659.7 666.1 673.9 7.8

Management of companies and enterprises. . . 2,179.5 2,251.1 2,243.8 2,245.8 2,192.0 2,246.8 2,251.1 2,257.9 6.8

Administrative and waste services. . . . . . . . . . . . . 8,388.6 9,039.9 8,629.8 8,630.9 8,709.1 8,977.6 8,956.4 8,955.7 -0.7

Administrative and support services. . . . . . . . . 8,003.6 8,639.6 8,235.6 8,237.3 8,315.5 8,573.8 8,554.3 8,553.0 -1.3

Office administrative services. . . . . . . . . . . . . 463.1 482.0 480.3 483.0 466.8 482.3 483.5 485.5 2.0

Facilities support services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 137.4 143.5 141.1 142.9 137.0 143.9 142.7 143.0 0.3

Employment services1

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,338.8 3,744.3 3,458.7 3,451.0 3,474.7 3,619.5 3,596.6 3,589.0 -7.6

Temporary help services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,708.8 3,057.3 2,805.3 2,793.6 2,826.6 2,944.1 2,922.4 2,912.6 -9.8

Business support services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 893.8 921.9 903.9 898.8 890.7 897.3 900.3 896.5 -3.8

Travel arrangement and reservation

services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 196.0 201.0 195.6 198.6 199.7 202.4 200.5 202.4 1.9

Investigation and security services. . . . . . . . 860.6 887.6 876.9 880.6 869.1 882.6 884.0 887.8 3.8

Services to buildings and dwellings. . . . . . . 1,812.0 1,948.9 1,865.0 1,865.7 1,972.7 2,029.7 2,029.4 2,029.8 0.4

Other support services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 301.9 310.4 314.1 316.7 304.7 316.0 317.3 319.0 1.7

Waste management and remediation

services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 385.0 400.3 394.2 393.6 393.6 403.8 402.1 402.7 0.6

Education and health services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21,887 22,559 22,257 22,588 21,790 22,378 22,402 22,488 86

Educational services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,591.1 3,614.2 3,382.2 3,658.4 3,447.7 3,501.8 3,482.3 3,510.5 28.2

Health care and social assistance. . . . . . . . . . . . . 18,296.0 18,945.0 18,874.6 18,929.5 18,342.7 18,876.0 18,919.8 18,977.2 57.4

Health care3

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14,847.4 15,354.5 15,296.0 15,327.0 14,897.4 15,302.5 15,340.2 15,378.3 38.1

Ambulatory health care services. . . . . . . . . . 6,745.3 7,020.4 6,983.3 7,007.4 6,770.3 6,991.9 7,007.2 7,030.8 23.6

Offices of physicians. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,497.5 2,582.9 2,569.7 2,576.9 2,503.2 2,568.7 2,574.2 2,581.7 7.5

Offices of dentists. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 895.2 927.6 923.4 926.2 899.6 926.4 926.1 928.9 2.8

Offices of other health practitioners. . . . . 799.5 829.7 829.1 834.7 802.4 827.3 832.7 836.7 4.0

Outpatient care centers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 730.4 763.0 759.0 760.9 731.9 760.8 760.7 762.7 2.0

Medical and diagnostic laboratories. . . . 255.2 260.8 256.2 256.3 255.1 259.7 257.1 256.8 -0.3

Home health care services. . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,287.1 1,363.2 1,356.2 1,361.9 1,295.6 1,355.5 1,363.4 1,370.5 7.1

Other ambulatory health care

services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 280.4 293.2 289.7 290.5 282.5 293.5 293.0 293.5 0.5

Hospitals. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,838.7 5,009.3 5,011.9 5,018.0 4,846.8 4,998.5 5,017.4 5,028.0 10.6

Nursing and residential care facilities. . . . . 3,263.4 3,324.8 3,300.8 3,301.6 3,280.3 3,312.1 3,315.6 3,319.5 3.9

Nursing care facilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,641.8 1,664.8 1,650.6 1,647.9 1,650.8 1,659.7 1,657.8 1,657.6 -0.2

Residential mental health facilities. . . . . . 602.3 609.8 607.7 608.8 605.7 608.8 610.5 611.9 1.4

Community care facilities for the

elderly. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 858.5 887.1 882.2 883.8 861.0 880.9 885.0 887.2 2.2

Other residential care facilities. . . . . . . . . . 160.8 163.1 160.3 161.1 162.9 162.7 162.3 162.9 0.6

Social assistance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,448.6 3,590.5 3,578.6 3,602.5 3,445.3 3,573.5 3,579.6 3,598.9 19.3

Individual and family services. . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,087.5 2,198.6 2,187.7 2,201.6 2,090.1 2,193.2 2,191.8 2,205.7 13.9

Emergency and other relief services. . . . . . 151.7 157.0 156.6 156.7 153.0 155.7 157.2 157.7 0.5

Vocational rehabilitation services. . . . . . . . . 331.1 334.7 331.6 333.6 336.3 335.7 336.3 338.6 2.3

Child day care services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 878.3 900.2 902.7 910.6 865.8 888.9 894.2 896.9 2.7

Leisure and hospitality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14,374 15,000 14,675 14,808 14,989 15,342 15,387 15,435 48

Arts, entertainment, and recreation. . . . . . . . . . . . 1,916.4 2,029.7 1,950.4 1,981.6 2,128.3 2,195.5 2,196.6 2,202.2 5.6

Performing arts and spectator sports. . . . . . . . 406.0 446.7 411.1 426.7 439.5 464.3 462.7 463.7 1.0

Museums, historical sites, and similar

institutions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 137.9 145.6 141.7 140.4 149.1 152.5 153.3 152.2 -1.1

Amusements, gambling, and recreation. . . . . 1,372.5 1,437.4 1,397.6 1,414.5 1,539.7 1,578.7 1,580.6 1,586.3 5.7

Accommodation and food services. . . . . . . . . . . . 12,457.6 12,969.8 12,724.5 12,825.9 12,860.2 13,146.4 13,190.4 13,232.8 42.4

See footnotes at end of table.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-1. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and selected industry detail

— Continued

[In thousands]

Industry

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

Feb.

2015

Dec.

2015

Jan.

2016p

Feb.

2016p

Feb.

2015

Dec.

2015

Jan.

2016p

Feb.

2016p

Change

from:

Jan.2016 -

Feb.2016p

Accommodation and food services -

Continued

Accommodation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,831.9 1,859.2 1,831.3 1,846.6 1,917.6 1,926.4 1,928.6 1,930.8 2.2

Food services and drinking places. . . . . . . . . . 10,625.7 11,110.6 10,893.2 10,979.3 10,942.6 11,220.0 11,261.8 11,302.0 40.2

Other services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,555 5,641 5,588 5,623 5,607 5,660 5,656 5,673 17

Repair and maintenance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,260.8 1,283.3 1,270.9 1,284.4 1,271.4 1,290.9 1,286.2 1,295.0 8.8

Personal and laundry services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,369.0 1,417.4 1,395.2 1,402.7 1,385.5 1,417.2 1,413.6 1,419.7 6.1

Membership associations and organizations. . . 2,925.0 2,940.6 2,921.7 2,935.9 2,949.7 2,952.3 2,956.2 2,958.6 2.4

Government. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22,259 22,406 21,884 22,327 21,967 22,040 22,030 22,042 12

Federal. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,730.0 2,785.0 2,748.0 2,754.0 2,747.0 2,768.0 2,764.0 2,769.0 5.0

Federal, except U.S. Postal Service. . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,136.5 2,163.2 2,152.6 2,152.4 2,151.2 2,164.3 2,166.0 2,166.3 0.3

U.S. Postal Service. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 593.1 621.6 595.4 602.0 595.5 603.6 597.5 602.5 5.0

State government. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,227.0 5,231.0 4,987.0 5,205.0 5,096.0 5,108.0 5,087.0 5,082.0 -5.0

State government education. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,565.3 2,568.6 2,329.0 2,550.0 2,423.0 2,435.2 2,416.4 2,413.6 -2.8

State government, excluding education. . . . . . . . . . 2,661.2 2,662.6 2,657.8 2,655.1 2,672.6 2,672.5 2,670.4 2,668.1 -2.3

Local government. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14,302.0 14,390.0 14,149.0 14,368.0 14,124.0 14,164.0 14,179.0 14,191.0 12.0

Local government education. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8,129.6 8,123.6 7,921.2 8,121.4 7,825.1 7,813.5 7,816.5 7,817.5 1.0

Local government, excluding education. . . . . . . . . . 6,172.5 6,265.9 6,228.2 6,246.9 6,298.6 6,350.3 6,362.7 6,373.0 10.3

1

Includes other industries, not shown separately.

2

Includes motor vehicles, motor vehicle bodies and trailers, and motor vehicle parts.

3

Includes ambulatory health care services, hospitals, and nursing and residential care facilities.

p Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2015 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-2. Average weekly hours and overtime of all employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry

sector, seasonally adjusted

Industry Feb.

2015

Dec.

2015

Jan.

2016p

Feb.

2016p

AVERAGE WEEKLY HOURS

Total private............................................................................. 34.6 34.5 34.6 34.4

Goods-producing.................................................................... 40.5 40.4 40.4 40.2

Mining and logging................................................................ 44.5 44.0 43.5 42.9

Construction....................................................................... 39.0 39.6 39.3 38.9

Manufacturing..................................................................... 40.9 40.6 40.8 40.8

Durable goods.................................................................. 41.3 41.0 41.2 41.3

Nondurable goods.............................................................. 40.3 39.8 40.0 39.9

Private service-providing............................................................ 33.4 33.4 33.4 33.3

Trade, transportation, and utilities.............................................. 34.6 34.6 34.7 34.5

Wholesale trade................................................................ 38.9 38.9 39.0 39.0

Retail trade...................................................................... 31.4 31.3 31.4 31.2

Transportation and warehousing............................................. 39.0 39.1 39.1 38.9

Utilities........................................................................... 42.4 42.4 42.5 41.5

Information......................................................................... 36.4 36.0 36.2 36.0

Financial activities................................................................ 37.4 37.7 37.7 37.6

Professional and business services............................................ 36.2 36.2 36.3 36.1

Education and health services.................................................. 32.8 32.9 32.9 32.8

Leisure and hospitality........................................................... 26.4 26.2 26.2 26.1

Other services..................................................................... 31.9 31.9 31.9 31.9

AVERAGE OVERTIME HOURS

Manufacturing........................................................................... 3.4 3.3 3.3 3.3

Durable goods....................................................................... 3.4 3.3 3.3 3.3

Nondurable goods................................................................... 3.4 3.3 3.3 3.4

p Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2015 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-3. Average hourly and weekly earnings of all employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry

sector, seasonally adjusted

Industry

Average hourly earnings Average weekly earnings

Feb.

2015

Dec.

2015

Jan.

2016p

Feb.

2016p

Feb.

2015

Dec.

2015

Jan.

2016p

Feb.

2016p

Total private............................................... $24.80 $25.26 $25.38 $25.35 $858.08 $871.47 $878.15 $872.04

Goods-producing....................................... 25.94 26.44 26.51 26.51 1,050.57 1,068.18 1,071.00 1,065.70

Mining and logging.................................. 30.88 31.30 31.70 31.51 1,374.16 1,377.20 1,378.95 1,351.78

Construction.......................................... 27.04 27.60 27.62 27.69 1,054.56 1,092.96 1,085.47 1,077.14

Manufacturing........................................ 25.02 25.51 25.60 25.58 1,023.32 1,035.71 1,044.48 1,043.66

Durable goods.................................... 26.37 26.83 26.93 26.89 1,089.08 1,100.03 1,109.52 1,110.56

Nondurable goods................................ 22.64 23.21 23.29 23.32 912.39 923.76 931.60 930.47

Private service-providing.............................. 24.52 24.99 25.11 25.08 818.97 834.67 838.67 835.16

Trade, transportation, and utilities................. 21.67 22.03 22.09 22.10 749.78 762.24 766.52 762.45

Wholesale trade.................................. 28.37 28.80 28.99 28.99 1,103.59 1,120.32 1,130.61 1,130.61

Retail trade........................................ 17.35 17.73 17.73 17.74 544.79 554.95 556.72 553.49

Transportation and warehousing............... 22.89 23.06 23.14 23.20 892.71 901.65 904.77 902.48

Utilities............................................. 36.59 37.66 37.75 37.55 1,551.42 1,596.78 1,604.38 1,558.33

Information........................................... 34.65 35.90 36.06 36.25 1,261.26 1,292.40 1,305.37 1,305.00

Financial activities................................... 31.23 31.87 32.12 31.98 1,168.00 1,201.50 1,210.92 1,202.45

Professional and business services.............. 29.79 30.26 30.47 30.36 1,078.40 1,095.41 1,106.06 1,096.00

Education and health services..................... 25.07 25.51 25.58 25.59 822.30 839.28 841.58 839.35

Leisure and hospitality.............................. 14.21 14.49 14.61 14.59 375.14 379.64 382.78 380.80

Other services....................................... 22.29 22.70 22.82 22.80 711.05 724.13 727.96 727.32

p Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2015 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-4. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours and payrolls for all employees on private nonfarm payrolls by

industry sector, seasonally adjusted

[2007=100]

Industry

Index of aggregate weekly hours1

Index of aggregate weekly payrolls2

Feb.

2015

Dec.

2015

Jan.

2016p

Feb.

2016p

Percent

change

from:

Jan.

2016 -

Feb.

2016p

Feb.

2015

Dec.

2015

Jan.

2016p

Feb.

2016p

Percent

change

from:

Jan.

2016 -

Feb.

2016p

Total private..................................... 103.3 104.9 105.3 104.9 -0.4 122.4 126.6 127.8 127.1 -0.5

Goods-producing............................. 90.3 90.6 90.7 90.2 -0.6 105.9 108.2 108.7 108.1 -0.6

Mining and logging........................ 122.4 105.2 102.8 98.9 -3.8 151.7 132.2 130.8 125.2 -4.3

Construction................................ 85.7 90.1 89.6 88.9 -0.8 100.7 108.0 107.5 107.0 -0.5

Manufacturing.............................. 90.6 90.0 90.6 90.5 -0.1 105.4 106.8 107.9 107.6 -0.3

Durable goods........................... 90.3 89.2 89.9 89.9 0.0 105.8 106.3 107.5 107.4 -0.1

Nondurable goods...................... 91.4 91.1 91.7 91.4 -0.3 105.0 107.3 108.4 108.2 -0.2

Private service-providing.................... 106.8 109.0 109.2 109.1 -0.1 127.2 132.4 133.2 133.0 -0.2

Trade, transportation, and utilities....... 100.7 102.0 102.5 102.1 -0.4 117.4 121.0 121.9 121.5 -0.3

Wholesale trade......................... 99.5 100.2 100.6 100.6 0.0 117.8 120.4 121.7 121.7 0.0

Retail trade.............................. 99.1 100.2 100.9 100.6 -0.3 113.7 117.5 118.3 118.0 -0.3

Transportation and warehousing...... 107.1 109.4 109.0 108.3 -0.6 124.4 128.0 128.0 127.5 -0.4

Utilities.................................... 101.8 103.4 103.7 101.6 -2.0 123.0 128.7 129.4 126.1 -2.6

Information................................. 91.0 90.8 91.5 91.4 -0.1 112.3 116.1 117.5 117.9 0.3

Financial activities......................... 98.8 101.1 101.3 101.1 -0.2 120.4 125.7 126.9 126.1 -0.6

Professional and business services..... 110.5 113.8 114.2 113.7 -0.4 133.4 139.5 140.9 139.8 -0.8

Education and health services........... 116.7 120.2 120.3 120.4 0.1 140.7 147.5 148.0 148.2 0.1

Leisure and hospitality.................... 112.9 114.7 115.0 114.9 -0.1 129.4 134.1 135.6 135.3 -0.2

Other services............................. 103.1 104.1 104.0 104.3 0.3 126.0 129.5 130.1 130.4 0.2

1 The indexes of aggregate weekly hours are calculated by dividing the current month’s estimates of aggregate hours by the corresponding 2007

annual average aggregate hours. Aggregate hours estimates are the product of estimates of average weekly hours and employment.

2 The indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls are calculated by dividing the current month’s estimates of aggregate weekly payrolls by the

corresponding 2007 annual average aggregate weekly payrolls. Aggregate payrolls estimates are the product of estimates of average hourly

earnings, average weekly hours, and employment.

p Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2015 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-5. Employment of women on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted

Industry

Women employees (in thousands) Percent of all employees

Feb.

2015

Dec.

2015

Jan.

2016p

Feb.

2016p

Feb.

2015

Dec.

2015

Jan.

2016p

Feb.

2016p

Total nonfarm............................................. 69,464 70,682 70,826 70,993 49.3 49.4 49.4 49.5

Total private............................................ 56,902 58,060 58,214 58,365 47.8 47.9 48.0 48.0

Goods-producing.................................... 4,273 4,281 4,296 4,297 21.8 21.8 21.8 21.8

Mining and logging............................... 120 108 107 106 13.7 14.2 14.2 14.4

Construction....................................... 804 815 824 827 12.6 12.4 12.5 12.5

Manufacturing..................................... 3,349 3,358 3,365 3,364 27.2 27.3 27.3 27.3

Durable goods.................................. 1,798 1,798 1,802 1,801 23.1 23.3 23.3 23.3

Nondurable goods............................. 1,551 1,560 1,563 1,563 34.1 34.0 34.0 34.0

Private service-providing........................... 52,629 53,779 53,918 54,068 53.0 53.0 53.1 53.1

Trade, transportation, and utilities.............. 10,822 10,972 11,023 11,047 40.5 40.5 40.6 40.6

Wholesale trade................................ 1,721.9 1,735.2 1,738.8 1,740.5 29.4 29.4 29.4 29.4

Retail trade..................................... 7,828.1 7,928.8 7,995.6 8,015.1 50.4 50.3 50.5 50.5

Transportation and warehousing............. 1,139.3 1,172.9 1,153.3 1,156.8 23.8 24.0 23.7 23.8

Utilities........................................... 133.1 135.1 135.2 135.0 24.0 24.0 24.0 23.9

Information......................................... 1,101 1,106 1,108 1,114 40.2 40.0 40.0 40.1

Financial activities................................ 4,610 4,672 4,685 4,687 57.1 57.0 57.1 57.1

Professional and business services............ 8,618 8,912 8,929 8,940 44.4 44.6 44.7 44.7

Education and health services.................. 16,763 17,229 17,257 17,319 76.9 77.0 77.0 77.0

Leisure and hospitality........................... 7,789 7,936 7,960 7,996 52.0 51.7 51.7 51.8

Other services..................................... 2,926 2,952 2,956 2,965 52.2 52.2 52.3 52.3

Government............................................. 12,562 12,622 12,612 12,628 57.2 57.3 57.2 57.3

p Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2015 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-6. Employment of production and nonsupervisory employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry

sector, seasonally adjusted1

[In thousands]

Industry Feb.

2015

Dec.

2015

Jan.

2016p

Feb.

2016p

Total private............................................................................... 98,091 99,812 99,927 100,117

Goods-producing....................................................................... 14,102 14,212 14,209 14,200

Mining and logging.................................................................. 641 554 543 527

Construction.......................................................................... 4,791 4,990 4,976 4,994

Manufacturing........................................................................ 8,670 8,668 8,690 8,679

Durable goods..................................................................... 5,349 5,330 5,339 5,338

Nondurable goods................................................................ 3,321 3,338 3,351 3,341

Private service-providing.............................................................. 83,989 85,600 85,718 85,917

Trade, transportation, and utilities................................................. 22,552 22,812 22,840 22,897

Wholesale trade................................................................... 4,725.8 4,730.5 4,736.6 4,738.1

Retail trade........................................................................ 13,224.7 13,384.7 13,447.3 13,496.0

Transportation and warehousing................................................ 4,154.5 4,244.1 4,204.4 4,209.7

Utilities.............................................................................. 446.8 452.5 452.0 453.2

Information............................................................................ 2,217 2,234 2,231 2,246

Financial activities................................................................... 6,228 6,335 6,348 6,356

Professional and business services............................................... 16,005 16,385 16,420 16,421

Education and health services..................................................... 19,125 19,636 19,659 19,731

Leisure and hospitality.............................................................. 13,197 13,489 13,518 13,553

Other services........................................................................ 4,665 4,709 4,702 4,713

1 Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory

employees in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm

payrolls.

p Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2015 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-7. Average weekly hours and overtime of production and nonsupervisory employees on private

nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted1

Industry Feb.

2015

Dec.

2015

Jan.

2016p

Feb.

2016p

AVERAGE WEEKLY HOURS

Total private............................................................................. 33.8 33.8 33.8 33.7

Goods-producing.................................................................... 41.6 41.3 41.3 41.3

Mining and logging................................................................ 46.3 45.8 45.7 44.7

Construction....................................................................... 40.3 40.2 39.8 40.0

Manufacturing..................................................................... 42.0 41.7 41.9 41.9

Durable goods.................................................................. 42.2 42.2 42.3 42.3

Nondurable goods.............................................................. 41.5 41.0 41.2 41.2

Private service-providing............................................................ 32.4 32.5 32.5 32.4

Trade, transportation, and utilities.............................................. 33.7 33.7 33.7 33.6

Wholesale trade................................................................ 38.6 38.6 38.6 38.6

Retail trade...................................................................... 30.0 30.0 30.0 29.9

Transportation and warehousing............................................. 38.8 39.2 39.0 39.0

Utilities........................................................................... 42.4 42.5 42.9 41.7

Information......................................................................... 35.9 35.5 35.7 35.5

Financial activities................................................................ 36.9 37.2 37.1 37.1

Professional and business services............................................ 35.5 35.6 35.6 35.4

Education and health services.................................................. 32.0 32.2 32.3 32.2

Leisure and hospitality........................................................... 25.2 25.1 25.0 24.9

Other services..................................................................... 30.7 30.8 30.6 30.7

AVERAGE OVERTIME HOURS

Manufacturing........................................................................... 4.4 4.2 4.3 4.3

Durable goods....................................................................... 4.4 4.3 4.3 4.4

Nondurable goods................................................................... 4.3 4.1 4.2 4.2

1 Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory

employees in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm

payrolls.

p Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2015 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-8. Average hourly and weekly earnings of production and nonsupervisory employees on private

nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted1

Industry

Average hourly earnings Average weekly earnings

Feb.

2015

Dec.

2015

Jan.

2016p

Feb.

2016p

Feb.

2015

Dec.

2015

Jan.

2016p

Feb.

2016p

Total private............................................... $20.83 $21.26 $21.32 $21.32 $704.05 $718.59 $720.62 $718.48

Goods-producing....................................... 21.70 22.21 22.19 22.22 902.72 917.27 916.45 917.69

Mining and logging.................................. 26.47 26.55 26.77 26.77 1,225.56 1,215.99 1,223.39 1,196.62

Construction.......................................... 24.69 25.43 25.39 25.41 995.01 1,022.29 1,010.52 1,016.40

Manufacturing........................................ 19.72 20.12 20.13 20.17 828.24 839.00 843.45 845.12

Durable goods.................................... 20.81 21.16 21.17 21.23 878.18 892.95 895.49 898.03

Nondurable goods................................ 17.92 18.41 18.43 18.41 743.68 754.81 759.32 758.49

Private service-providing.............................. 20.65 21.06 21.13 21.13 669.06 684.45 686.73 684.61

Trade, transportation, and utilities................. 18.51 18.84 18.88 18.87 623.79 634.91 636.26 634.03

Wholesale trade.................................. 23.40 23.85 23.97 23.96 903.24 920.61 925.24 924.86

Retail trade........................................ 14.65 14.96 14.97 14.95 439.50 448.80 449.10 447.01

Transportation and warehousing............... 20.70 20.88 20.99 21.00 803.16 818.50 818.61 819.00

Utilities............................................. 33.46 34.58 34.57 34.62 1,418.70 1,469.65 1,483.05 1,443.65

Information........................................... 28.75 29.62 29.62 29.79 1,032.13 1,051.51 1,057.43 1,057.55

Financial activities................................... 25.11 25.65 25.91 25.90 926.56 954.18 961.26 960.89

Professional and business services.............. 24.50 25.02 25.09 25.05 869.75 890.71 893.20 886.77

Education and health services..................... 21.94 22.31 22.33 22.40 702.08 718.38 721.26 721.28

Leisure and hospitality.............................. 12.33 12.57 12.66 12.64 310.72 315.51 316.50 314.74

Other services....................................... 18.85 19.18 19.21 19.19 578.70 590.74 587.83 589.13

1 Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory

employees in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm

payrolls.

p Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2015 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-9. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours and payrolls for production and nonsupervisory employees on

private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted1

[2002=100]

Industry

Index of aggregate weekly hours2

Index of aggregate weekly payrolls3

Feb.

2015

Dec.

2015

Jan.

2016p

Feb.

2016p

Percent

change

from:

Jan.

2016 -

Feb.

2016p

Feb.

2015

Dec.

2015

Jan.

2016p

Feb.

2016p

Percent

change

from:

Jan.

2016 -

Feb.

2016p

Total private..................................... 110.5 112.4 112.5 112.4 -0.1 153.8 159.7 160.3 160.2 -0.1

Goods-producing............................. 89.6 89.7 89.7 89.6 -0.1 119.1 122.0 121.8 121.9 0.1

Mining and logging........................ 157.7 134.8 131.9 125.2 -5.1 242.8 208.2 205.3 194.9 -5.1

Construction................................ 96.7 100.4 99.2 100.0 0.8 128.9 137.9 135.9 137.2 1.0

Manufacturing.............................. 83.6 83.0 83.6 83.5 -0.1 107.8 109.2 110.0 110.1 0.1

Durable goods........................... 84.8 84.5 84.9 84.8 -0.1 110.2 111.6 112.2 112.5 0.3

Nondurable goods...................... 81.2 80.6 81.3 81.1 -0.2 102.8 104.9 105.9 105.5 -0.4

Private service-providing.................... 115.9 118.5 118.6 118.6 0.0 164.1 171.1 171.9 171.8 -0.1

Trade, transportation, and utilities....... 106.0 107.2 107.3 107.3 0.0 139.9 144.0 144.5 144.4 -0.1

Wholesale trade......................... 107.4 107.5 107.7 107.7 0.0 148.1 151.1 152.0 152.0 0.0

Retail trade.............................. 100.4 101.6 102.1 102.1 0.0 126.1 130.3 131.0 130.9 -0.1

Transportation and warehousing...... 121.3 125.2 123.4 123.6 0.2 159.3 165.9 164.3 164.6 0.2

Utilities.................................... 96.9 98.3 99.2 96.6 -2.6 135.3 142.0 143.1 139.7 -2.4

Information................................. 90.8 90.5 90.9 91.0 0.1 129.3 132.7 133.3 134.2 0.7

Financial activities......................... 108.2 110.9 110.9 111.0 0.1 167.1 175.1 176.7 176.9 0.1

Professional and business services..... 127.3 130.7 131.0 130.3 -0.5 185.7 194.6 195.6 194.2 -0.7

Education and health services........... 130.5 134.8 135.4 135.4 0.0 188.9 198.5 199.5 200.2 0.4

Leisure and hospitality.................... 121.8 124.0 123.8 123.6 -0.2 170.6 177.0 178.0 177.4 -0.3

Other services............................. 100.4 101.7 100.9 101.5 0.6 137.9 142.1 141.2 141.9 0.5

1 Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory

employees in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm

payrolls.

2 The indexes of aggregate weekly hours are calculated by dividing the current month’s estimates of aggregate hours by the corresponding 2002

annual average aggregate hours. Aggregate hours estimates are the product of estimates of average weekly hours and employment.

3 The indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls are calculated by dividing the current month’s estimates of aggregate weekly payrolls by the

corresponding 2002 annual average aggregate weekly payrolls. Aggregate payrolls estimates are the product of estimates of average hourly

earnings, average weekly hours, and employment.

p Preliminary

NOTE: Data have been revised to reflect March 2015 benchmark levels and updated seasonal adjustment factors.