U.S. IMPORT AND EXPORT PRICE INDEXES – JANUARY 2019 

U.S. import prices fell 0.5 percent in January, the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today, following 

a 1.0-percent drop in December and a 1.7-percent decrease in November. Both fuel and nonfuel prices 

contributed to the January decline. Prices for U.S. exports decreased 0.6 percent for the second consecutive 

month in January. 

Chart 1. One-month and 12-month percent changes in the Import Price Index: January 2018 – January 2019

Imports 

Prices for U.S. imports declined 0.5 percent in January and 3.1 percent over the last 3 months. The 3-month 

drop was the largest decrease since the index fell 3.1 percent from July 2015 to October 2015. Import prices 

decreased 1.7 percent over the past 12 months, the largest over-the-year decline since the index fell 2.2 

percent in August 2016. (See table 1.) 

Impact of the Temporary Lapse in Government Spending 

The temporary lapse in government appropriations for some federal agencies resulted in an interruption of 

data collected by the U.S. Department of Agriculture that impacted the collection of export price data for the 

January 2019 release. For more information, please see page 5.

0.8

0.2

-0.2

0.5

0.9

0.0

-0.1 -0.4

0.1

0.5

-1.7

-1.0

-0.5

3.4 3.3 3.3 3.5

4.5 4.7 4.8

3.8

3.1 3.4

0.6

-0.5

-1.7

-3.0

-2.0

-1.0

0.0

1.0

2.0

3.0

4.0

5.0

6.0

Jan'18 Feb Mar Apr May Jun July Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Jan'19

1-month percent change 12-month percent change

Transmission of material in this release is embargoed until 

8:30 a.m. (EST) Friday, February 15, 2019 

Technical information: (202) 691-7101 • MXPinfo@bls.gov • www.bls.gov/mxp 

Media contact: (202) 691-5902 • PressOffice@bls.gov 

USDL-19-0245
2

Fuel Imports: Import fuel prices decreased 3.2 percent in January and 22.5 percent over the past 3 months, 

the largest drop over a 3-month period since the index fell 29.2 percent for the 3 months ended in February 

2016. The January drop was primarily driven by a 44.2-percent drop in natural gas prices; petroleum prices 

edged down 0.1 percent. The decline in natural gas prices followed a 138.8-percent increase over the fourth 

quarter of 2018. Fuel prices decreased 14.4 percent over the past year. A 14.5-percent drop in petroleum 

prices and a 20.0-percent decline in prices for natural gas each contributed to the overall decrease in fuel 

prices from January 2018 to January 2019. 

All Imports Excluding Fuel: The price index for nonfuel imports fell 0.2 percent in January. The January 

decrease was led by falling prices for nonfuel industrial supplies and materials; consumer goods; automotive 

vehicles; and foods, feeds, and beverages which more than offset higher prices for capital goods. Import 

prices excluding fuel also declined 0.2 percent over the past year. 

Nonfuel Industrial Supplies and Materials: Prices for nonfuel industrial supplies and materials decreased 0.7 

percent in January, driven by lower prices for unfinished metals and chemicals. 

 

Finished Goods: Finished goods prices were mostly down in January. Consumer goods prices fell 0.3 

percent and prices for automotive vehicles declined 0.2 percent. Capital goods prices ticked up 0.1 percent. 

Foods, Feeds, and Beverages: The price index for foods, feeds, and beverages declined 0.3 percent in 

January. An 11.2-percent drop in vegetable prices more than offset an 8.2-percent rise in fruit prices. 

Table A. Percent change in Import and Export Price Indexes, selected categories 
3

Chart 2. One-month and 12-month percent change in the Export Price Index: January 2018 – January 2019 

Exports 

Prices for U.S. exports decreased 0.6 percent in January, after falling 0.6 percent in December and 0.8 

percent in November. Export prices have only recorded one monthly advance since June. In January, both 

nonagricultural prices and agricultural prices contributed to the decline. The price index for overall exports 

decreased 0.2 percent for the year ended in January, the first 12-month decline since the index fell 0.2 

percent in November 2016. (See table 2.)

Agricultural Exports: Agricultural export prices declined 2.1 percent in January, the largest monthly 

decrease since the index fell 5.2 percent in July. The January drop followed increases of 3.8 percent in 

December and 1.7 percent in November. A 34.6-percent fall in export vegetable prices drove the January 

decline in agricultural prices. Despite the January drop, export agricultural prices advanced 0.2 percent over 

the past year. 

All Exports Excluding Agriculture: The price index for nonagricultural exports declined 0.3 percent in 

January, after falling 1.1 percent in December and 1.0 percent in November. Decreasing prices for 

nonagricultural industrial supplies and materials and consumer goods more than offset higher prices for 

capital goods and automotive vehicles. Prices for nonagricultural exports fell 0.2 percent from January 2018 

to January 2019, the first decrease over a 12-month period since the index declined 0.2 percent in November 

2016. The drop over the past 12 months was driven by a 2.4-percent decrease in nonagricultural industrial 

supplies and materials prices. 

Nonagricultural Industrial Supplies and Materials: Prices for nonagricultural industrial supplies and 

materials decreased 1.4 percent in January following a 3.4-percent decline the previous month. The January 

drop was led by a 3.4-percent decline in fuel prices.

Finished Goods: Finished goods prices were mixed in January. Prices for capital goods advanced 0.4 

percent, the largest monthly increase for the index since a 0.6-percent rise in April. The price index for 

automotive vehicles ticked up 0.1 percent. In contrast, consumer goods prices fell 0.4 percent, the largest 

decline since the index decreased 1.0 percent in January 2017. 

0.7

0.2 0.4 0.5 0.7

0.2

-0.5

-0.1

0.0

0.5

-0.8

-0.6 -0.6

3.3 3.1 3.4 3.7

5.0 5.3

4.3

3.6

2.7

3.1

1.8

1.1

-0.2

-2.0

-1.0

0.0

1.0

2.0

3.0

4.0

5.0

6.0

7.0

Jan'18 Feb Mar Apr May Jun July Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Jan'19

1-month percent change 12-month percent change
4

Measures of Import and Export Prices by Locality 

Imports by Locality of Origin: Prices for imports from China declined 0.3 percent in January, after edging 

down 0.1 percent in each of the 2 previous months. The January decline was the largest monthly drop since 

the index fell 0.3 percent in September 2017. The price index for imports from Canada fell 1.5 percent and 

import prices from Mexico decreased 1.0 percent in January. Lower fuel prices factored into the declines for 

imports from both countries. In contrast, import prices from Japan ticked up 0.1 percent in January 

following 0.1-percent declines in December and November. Prices for imports from the European Union 

increased 0.2 percent in January following declines of 0.1 percent in December and 0.4 percent in 

November. (See table 7.) 

Exports by Locality of Destination: Export prices to China declined 0.5 percent in January, after 

decreasing 0.8 percent the previous month. Lower prices for manufactured exports more than offset higher 

nonmanufactured export prices. Prices for exports to Japan fell 1.0 percent in January following a 0.4-

percent drop in December. The January decline was the largest monthly decrease since the index was 

introduced in December 2017. The price index for exports to Canada decreased 2.8 percent in January and 

prices for exports to Mexico declined 1.3 percent over the same period. In contrast, export prices to the 

European Union increased 0.5 percent in January, after falling 0.6 percent the previous month. (See table 8.) 

Terms of Trade Indexes: Terms of Trade indexes are based on country, region, or grouping and measure 

the change in the purchasing power of exports relative to imports. The U.S. terms of trade with China fell 

0.2 percent in January following a 0.7-percent drop in December. For both months, the terms of trade fell 

because export prices to China declined at a higher rate than import prices from China. The U.S. terms of 

trade with Japan decreased 1.1 percent in January, the largest monthly decline since the index was first 

published in December 2017. Lower export prices to Japan and rising import prices from Japan both 

contributed to the January drop in the terms of trade. The index of U.S. terms of trade with Canada fell 1.4 

percent in January following a 4.7-percent increase in December and a 7.7-percent rise in November. The 

U.S. terms of trade with Mexico declined 0.2 percent in January. In contrast, the U.S. terms of trade with the 

European Union rose 0.2 percent in January. (See table 9.) 

Import and Export Services 

Imports: Import air passenger fares declined 3.8 percent in January, after a 7.6-percent advance the 

previous month. In January, the decrease was driven by a 12.3-percent drop in Asian fares and a 16.7-

percent fall in Latin American/Caribbean fares. Despite the January drop, import air passenger fares rose 1.2 

percent over the past 12 months. The price index for import air freight fell 1.1 percent in January following 

a 3.2-percent drop in December. Despite the recent declines, import air freight prices increased 4.7 percent 

for the year ended in January. (See table 10.)

Exports: The index for export air passenger fares rose 7.0 percent in January, the largest monthly advance 

since the index rose 7.9 percent in December 2016. The increase was led by a 14.6-percent rise in Latin 

American/Caribbean fares and a 12.5-percent advance in Asian fares. Export air passenger fares fell 2.9 

percent over the past year. Export air freight prices increased 1.5 percent in January and 5.2 percent over the 

past 12 months. 

 

Import and Export Price Index data for February are scheduled for release on Thursday, March 14, 2019 at 

8:30 a.m. (EDT). 
5

Impact of the Temporary Lapse in Government Spending 

The temporary lapse in government appropriations impacted some of the prices collected by the 

International Price Program. Farm Services Data published monthly by the U.S. Department of Agriculture 

(USDA) and used to calculate export price indexes were not available for soybeans, corn, wheat, sorghum, 

and barley. The January prices for those products were estimated using price data from another USDA 

survey produced by the Agricultural Marketing Service. The related detailed price indexes for January thus 

do not meet the International Price Program criteria for publication. The estimates will not impact the 

accuracy of the price indexes at broader product categories. 

The following detailed product category indexes are solely or mostly derived from estimated prices and will 

not be published in January. The indexes for export grains will resume publication with the February 

indexes released on March 14, 2019. 

Bureau of Economic Analysis End Use Classification System 

Q000 – Wheat and Rice 

Q00000 – Wheat 

Q001 – Soybeans & Other Oil Seeds 

Q00100 – Soybeans and Soybean by-Products, Prior to the Extraction of Oil 

Q00200 – Corn 

Q00210 – Other Feedgrains 

Harmonized Classification System 

D10 – Cereals 

D1001 – Wheat and Meslin 

D1005 – Corn (Maize) 

D12 – Oilseeds and Miscellaneous Grains, Seeds, Fruits, Plants, Straw and Fodder 

D1201 – Soybeans, Whether or not Broken 

North American Industry Classification System 

Y1111 – Oilseed and Grain Farming 

Y11111 – Soybean Farming 

Y11114 – Wheat Farming 

Y11115 – Corn Farming 
Table 1. U.S. import price indexes and percent changes for selected categories of goods: January 2018 to

January 2019

[2000=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description End Use

Relative

importance

Dec.

20181

Index Percent change

Dec.

2018

Jan.

2019

Annual Monthly

Jan.

2018 to

Jan.

2019

Sept.

2018 to

Oct.

2018

Oct.

2018 to

Nov.

2018

Nov.

2018 to

Dec.

2018

Dec.

2018 to

Jan.

2019

All commodities................................... 100.000 124.9 124.3 -1.7 0.5 -1.7 -1.0 -0.5

All imports excluding food and fuels (Dec.

2010=100)........................................ 84.606 100.1 99.9 0.0 -0.1 -0.1 0.0 -0.2

All imports excluding petroleum.............. 91.399 113.7 112.9 -0.4 0.2 0.0 0.3 -0.7

All imports excluding fuels (Dec.

2001=100)........................................ 90.645 117.2 117.0 -0.2 0.1 -0.3 0.0 -0.2

Foods, feeds, & beverages................... 0 6.039 179.3 178.7 -2.0 1.9 -2.1 0.1 -0.3

Agricultural foods, feeds & beverages,

excluding distilled beverages............. 00 4.707 196.7 195.6 -2.5 2.4 -2.7 0.5 -0.6

Nonagricultural foods (fish, distilled

beverages).................................. 01 1.332 139.9 140.6 -0.1 -0.1 0.1 -1.5 0.5

Industrial supplies & materials.............. 1 23.606 181.3 178.2 -6.4 1.5 -5.8 -3.8 -1.7

Industrial supplies & materials excluding

petroleum.................................... 15.295 161.2 155.8 -0.9 0.5 1.4 1.3 -3.3

Industrial supplies & materials excluding

fuels (Dec. 2001=100)..................... 14.247 177.9 176.6 -0.1 0.0 -0.3 -0.1 -0.7

Industrial supplies & materials, durable. . .. 8.886 167.3 166.1 -1.2 -0.4 -0.6 0.2 -0.7

Industrial supplies & materials nondurable

excluding petroleum....................... 6.057 153.6 143.2 -0.2 2.0 4.3 2.7 -6.8

Fuels & lubricants............................. 10 9.355 188.2 182.2 -14.4 3.3 -12.3 -8.6 -3.2

Petroleum & petroleum products......... 100 8.601 196.3 196.2 -14.5 2.9 -15.1 -10.7 -0.1

Crude........................................ 10000 5.892 192.7 194.8 -19.2 2.8 -18.7 -12.6 1.1

Fuels, n.e.s.-coals & gas.................. 101 0.754 171.6 104.6 -18.9 14.6 43.7 19.9 -39.0

Gas-natural.................................. 10110 0.652 161.4 90.0 -20.0 17.9 60.1 26.5 -44.2

Paper & paper base stocks.................. 11 0.598 124.9 124.7 12.0 0.6 0.2 1.0 -0.2

Materials associated with nondurable

supplies & materials....................... 12 4.766 162.7 161.1 0.4 0.9 0.1 -0.9 -1.0

Selected building materials.................. 13 1.515 144.5 143.6 -4.5 -4.8 -1.4 0.8 -0.6

Unfinished metals related to durable

goods........................................ 14 3.796 232.7 229.5 -2.0 1.1 -0.7 0.5 -1.4

Finished metals related to durable

goods........................................ 15 1.804 160.0 159.7 -0.4 0.0 -0.2 -0.2 -0.2

Nonmetals related to durable goods. . . . . .. 16 1.772 113.9 114.2 3.3 -0.5 0.2 -0.3 0.3

Capital goods................................... 2 28.200 89.1 89.2 -0.1 0.0 -0.1 -0.1 0.1

Electric generating equipment............... 20 3.412 118.3 118.6 1.4 -0.1 0.1 0.2 0.3

Nonelectrical machinery...................... 21 22.513 81.5 81.4 -0.5 0.1 -0.2 -0.1 -0.1

Transportation equipment excluding motor

vehicles (Dec. 2001=100)................. 22 2.275 134.7 136.2 0.5 0.0 0.0 0.1 1.1

Automotive vehicles, parts & engines..... 3 15.861 110.5 110.3 -0.4 0.0 -0.1 0.1 -0.2

Consumer goods, excluding

automotives.................................. 4 26.294 107.4 107.1 0.3 -0.2 0.0 0.1 -0.3

Nondurables, manufactured................. 40 12.456 123.2 123.2 1.5 -0.3 0.0 0.0 0.0

Durables, manufactured...................... 41 12.562 92.4 92.1 -0.9 -0.1 0.1 -0.1 -0.3

Nonmanufactured consumer goods. . . . . . .. 42 1.276 117.7 117.0 1.1 -0.2 0.4 1.8 -0.6

1 Relative importance figures are based on 2017 trade values.

NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication.

Dash = Not available

6
Table 2. U.S. export price indexes and percent changes for selected categories of goods: January 2018 to

January 2019

[2000=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description End Use

Relative

importance

Dec.

20181

Index Percent change

Dec.

2018

Jan.

2019

Annual Monthly

Jan.

2018 to

Jan.

2019

Sept.

2018 to

Oct.

2018

Oct.

2018 to

Nov.

2018

Nov.

2018 to

Dec.

2018

Dec.

2018 to

Jan.

2019

All commodities................................... 100.000 126.1 125.4 -0.2 0.5 -0.8 -0.6 -0.6

Agricultural commodities....................... 9.789 182.7 178.8 0.2 -0.1 1.7 3.8 -2.1

All exports excluding food and fuels (Dec.

2010=100)........................................ 80.326 101.3 101.3 0.8 0.0 0.1 -0.2 0.0

Nonagricultural commodities.................. 90.181 121.7 121.3 -0.2 0.5 -1.0 -1.1 -0.3

Foods, feeds, & beverages................... 0 9.085 185.3 181.4 0.7 0.2 1.9 3.8 -2.1

Agricultural foods, feeds & beverages,

excluding distilled beverages............. 00 8.470 183.7 179.6 0.5 0.2 2.0 4.0 -2.2

Nonagricultural foods (fish, distilled

beverages).................................. 01 0.615 215.7 216.3 3.9 -0.1 0.3 -0.7 0.3

Industrial supplies & materials.............. 1 32.388 156.1 154.0 -2.3 1.4 -2.8 -3.2 -1.3

Industrial supplies & materials, durable. . .. 10.143 162.8 163.3 -0.7 0.1 0.4 -0.1 0.3

Industrial supplies & materials,

nondurable.................................. 22.246 153.2 150.0 -3.0 2.1 -4.3 -4.6 -2.1

Agricultural industrial supplies &

materials..................................... 10 1.319 181.9 179.1 -2.1 -2.5 0.1 2.2 -1.5

Nonagricultural industrial supplies &

materials...................................... 31.069 155.3 153.2 -2.4 1.5 -2.9 -3.4 -1.4

Fuels & lubricants............................. 11 10.589 183.3 177.0 -8.0 4.0 -8.6 -8.4 -3.4

Nonagricultural supplies & materials

excluding fuels & building materials. . . .. 12 19.494 158.2 157.7 0.5 0.3 0.2 -0.9 -0.3

Selected building materials.................. 13 0.986 120.7 122.0 0.4 -1.0 -0.4 -0.5 1.1

Capital goods................................... 2 35.892 110.0 110.4 1.4 -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.4

Electrical generating equipment............. 20 3.747 117.1 117.1 1.5 -0.5 0.0 0.1 0.0

Nonelectrical machinery...................... 21 23.632 94.8 95.0 0.5 0.0 -0.1 -0.1 0.2

Transportation equipment excluding motor

vehicles (Dec. 2001=100)................. 22 8.513 177.7 179.2 3.4 0.1 0.1 0.3 0.8

Automotive vehicles, parts & engines..... 3 10.158 114.0 114.1 0.4 -0.1 -0.1 0.0 0.1

Consumer goods, excluding

automotives.................................. 4 12.477 109.8 109.4 -0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.4

Nondurables, manufactured................. 40 5.855 106.4 106.3 0.3 0.2 -0.1 -0.2 -0.1

Durables, manufactured...................... 41 5.171 107.6 106.7 -0.8 -0.2 0.1 0.2 -0.8

Nonmanufactured consumer goods (Dec.

2018=100)................................... 42 1.451 100.0 100.0 – – – – 0.0

1 Relative importance figures are based on 2017 trade values.

NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication.

Dash = Not available

7
Table 3. U.S. import price indexes and percent changes for selected industries: January 2018 to January 2019

[December 2005=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description NAICS

Relative

importance

Dec.

20181

Index Percent change

Dec.

2018

Jan.

2019

Annual Monthly

Jan.

2018 to

Jan.

2019

Sept.

2018 to

Oct.

2018

Oct.

2018 to

Nov.

2018

Nov.

2018 to

Dec.

2018

Dec.

2018 to

Jan.

2019

Nonmanufacturing................................ 8.683 100.2 98.5 -14.6 3.7 -12.9 -7.1 -1.7

Agriculture, forestry, fishing and

hunting........................................ 11 1.960 182.0 179.4 -4.9 5.4 -5.0 1.7 -1.4

Crop production............................... 111 1.593 196.1 192.1 -5.2 6.8 -6.0 2.3 -2.0

Mining............................................ 21 6.723 90.8 89.2 -17.0 3.3 -14.9 -9.3 -1.8

Oil and gas extraction........................ 211 6.486 90.3 88.6 -17.7 3.4 -15.4 -9.5 -1.9

Manufacturing..................................... 90.989 111.7 111.4 0.0 0.1 -0.3 -0.3 -0.3

Manufacturing, part 1......................... 31 11.253 124.9 125.0 0.2 0.0 0.0 -0.1 0.1

Food manufacturing.......................... 311 3.392 154.3 154.2 -1.5 -0.1 -0.4 -0.5 -0.1

Beverage and tobacco product

manufacturing............................... 312 1.125 122.1 121.8 1.4 0.2 0.1 0.0 -0.2

Textile mills (Dec. 2011=100)............... 313 0.370 100.2 99.9 -0.1 -0.1 -0.2 0.3 -0.3

Textile product mills.......................... 314 0.941 109.1 109.2 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.1

Apparel manufacturing....................... 315 3.774 112.2 112.6 1.2 0.0 0.3 0.0 0.4

Leather and allied product

manufacturing............................... 316 1.650 123.6 123.9 0.8 0.0 0.2 0.1 0.2

Manufacturing, part 2......................... 32 17.686 126.3 125.3 0.9 0.1 -1.1 -1.3 -0.8

Paper manufacturing......................... 322 1.084 116.4 116.2 9.0 0.3 -0.4 0.6 -0.2

Petroleum and coal products

manufacturing............................... 324 2.455 95.4 93.6 0.0 3.1 -5.6 -6.3 -1.9

Chemical manufacturing..................... 325 9.745 140.5 139.5 1.1 0.0 0.0 -0.8 -0.7

Plastics and rubber products

manufacturing............................... 326 2.302 120.1 119.6 1.2 0.2 0.5 -0.2 -0.4

Nonmetallic mineral product

manufacturing............................... 327 1.040 130.8 130.5 0.7 -0.1 -0.2 -0.1 -0.2

Manufacturing, part 3......................... 33 62.050 104.5 104.3 -0.3 0.1 -0.2 0.1 -0.2

Primary metal manufacturing................ 331 4.395 155.3 153.9 -0.3 1.2 -0.6 0.6 -0.9

Fabricated metal product manufacturing... 332 3.146 126.9 126.7 0.1 -0.3 -0.2 -0.3 -0.2

Machinery manufacturing.................... 333 7.325 118.4 118.9 0.8 0.0 -0.1 0.0 0.4

Computer and electronic product

manufacturing............................... 334 17.812 74.5 74.2 -1.7 -0.1 -0.1 -0.3 -0.4

Electrical equipment, appliance, and

component manufacturing................. 335 5.156 116.5 116.8 1.6 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.3

Transportation equipment manufacturing... 336 16.864 109.6 109.5 -0.4 0.0 0.0 0.1 -0.1

Furniture and related product

manufacturing............................... 337 1.897 117.7 117.6 1.3 0.0 0.1 0.2 -0.1

Miscellaneous manufacturing............... 339 5.453 119.0 119.2 0.8 0.3 0.1 0.3 0.2

1 Relative importance figures are based on 2017 trade values.

NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication.

Dash = Not available

8
Table 4. U.S. export price indexes and percent changes for selected industries: January 2018 to January 2019

[December 2005=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description NAICS

Relative

importance

Dec.

20181

Index Percent change

Dec.

2018

Jan.

2019

Annual Monthly

Jan.

2018 to

Jan.

2019

Sept.

2018 to

Oct.

2018

Oct.

2018 to

Nov.

2018

Nov.

2018 to

Dec.

2018

Dec.

2018 to

Jan.

2019

Nonmanufacturing................................ 9.595 140.6 135.6 -3.1 -0.2 -1.0 3.6 -3.6

Agriculture, forestry, fishing and

hunting........................................ 11 5.030 158.1 152.6 -1.5 -0.3 2.6 6.1 -3.5

Crop production............................... 111 4.695 166.2 160.0 -0.5 -0.1 3.1 6.7 -3.7

Mining............................................ 21 4.565 91.3 88.0 -5.4 0.0 -6.1 -0.1 -3.6

Mining (except oil and gas).................. 212 1.339 117.2 118.6 7.4 0.4 1.5 1.1 1.2

Manufacturing..................................... 89.098 115.8 115.7 0.5 0.5 -0.8 -1.0 -0.1

Manufacturing, part 1......................... 31 6.766 140.3 140.1 1.0 -0.2 0.2 0.4 -0.1

Food manufacturing.......................... 311 4.583 156.8 156.5 -0.3 -0.2 0.3 0.1 -0.2

Beverage and tobacco product

manufacturing............................... 312 0.674 125.9 125.7 8.1 -0.6 -0.2 3.2 -0.2

Manufacturing, part 2......................... 32 24.966 113.9 112.8 -1.3 1.8 -2.9 -4.0 -1.0

Wood product manufacturing (Dec.

2017=100)................................... 321 0.543 101.5 102.9 2.5 -1.2 0.3 -0.3 1.4

Paper manufacturing......................... 322 1.809 134.0 131.2 4.7 0.3 0.0 0.8 -2.1

Petroleum and coal products

manufacturing............................... 324 5.886 103.7 100.3 -10.4 5.8 -9.7 -12.7 -3.3

Chemical manufacturing..................... 325 13.401 118.7 118.6 1.5 0.4 -0.3 -1.2 -0.1

Plastics and rubber products

manufacturing............................... 326 2.261 115.8 115.8 1.6 0.0 -0.1 0.1 0.0

Nonmetallic mineral product

manufacturing............................... 327 0.838 116.6 116.6 1.9 -0.4 0.4 -0.2 0.0

Manufacturing, part 3......................... 33 57.365 114.2 114.5 1.2 -0.1 0.1 0.1 0.3

Primary metal manufacturing................ 331 3.952 143.6 144.7 1.4 0.0 0.7 0.6 0.8

Fabricated metal product manufacturing... 332 2.900 143.2 145.8 5.4 0.6 0.8 0.1 1.8

Machinery manufacturing.................... 333 9.440 128.1 128.6 2.2 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.4

Computer and electronic product

manufacturing............................... 334 13.974 82.8 82.7 -1.0 -0.4 -0.1 -0.2 -0.1

Electrical equipment, appliance, and

component manufacturing................. 335 3.807 117.8 117.9 2.0 -0.3 0.0 -0.1 0.1

Transportation equipment manufacturing... 336 17.508 127.4 127.9 1.8 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.4

Furniture and related product

manufacturing (Dec. 2011=100).......... 337 0.391 120.7 120.7 1.9 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Miscellaneous manufacturing............... 339 5.393 120.7 119.8 0.1 0.1 -0.1 0.3 -0.7

1 Relative importance figures are based on 2017 trade values.

NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication.

Dash = Not available

9
Table 5. U.S. import price indexes and percent changes for selected categories of goods: January 2018 to

January 2019

[2000=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description

Harmonized

system

Relative

importance

Dec.

20181

Index Percent change

Dec.

2018

Jan.

2019

Annual Monthly

Jan.

2018 to

Jan.

2019

Sept.

2018 to

Oct.

2018

Oct.

2018 to

Nov.

2018

Nov.

2018 to

Dec.

2018

Dec.

2018 to

Jan.

2019

Live animals; animal products................. I 1.369 191.2 191.4 -1.1 0.1 -0.3 -0.9 0.1

Meat and edible meat offal..................... 02 0.352 243.0 246.0 -0.4 -0.4 -0.2 1.5 1.2

Fish and crustaceans, molluscs and other

aquatic invertebrates......................... 03 0.731 138.7 138.8 -1.2 0.3 -0.3 -2.2 0.1

Vegetable products............................... II 1.918 215.5 210.9 -6.0 6.5 -5.9 1.9 -2.1

Edible vegetables, roots, and tubers.......... 07 0.542 555.9 474.6 -6.3 40.2 -8.0 12.3 -14.6

Edible fruit and nuts; peel of citrus fruit or

melons.......................................... 08 0.639 112.3 122.5 -6.3 -2.4 -11.3 -4.2 9.1

Coffee, tea, mate and spices.................. 09 0.348 207.3 204.5 -6.3 1.5 2.1 -0.7 -1.4

Animal or vegetable fats and oils (Dec.

2009=100)........................................ III 0.239 89.8 90.9 -20.5 -2.3 -3.4 -2.6 1.2

Prepared foodstuffs, beverages, and

tobacco........................................... IV 2.856 165.6 165.8 2.0 -0.3 0.1 -0.1 0.1

Cocoa and cocoa preparations (Dec.

2009=100)..................................... 18 0.224 96.8 96.0 1.7 -1.7 0.5 -0.4 -0.8

Preparations of vegetables, fruit, nuts, or

other parts of plants.......................... 20 0.374 174.8 174.6 4.1 0.1 -0.1 0.1 -0.1

Beverages, spirits, and vinegar................ 22 1.077 132.3 132.0 1.4 0.2 0.1 -0.1 -0.2

Mineral products.................................. V 9.362 188.8 182.9 -13.6 3.2 -12.3 -8.4 -3.1

Mineral fuels, oils and residuals, bituminous

substances and mineral waxes............. 27 9.069 185.9 179.9 -14.3 3.4 -12.7 -8.6 -3.2

Products of the chemical or allied

industries........................................ VI 9.061 158.3 157.0 0.9 -0.1 -0.1 -0.6 -0.8

Inorganic chemicals............................. 28 0.607 343.5 322.0 4.0 2.4 2.9 -0.2 -6.3

Organic chemicals............................... 29 2.059 128.6 127.5 -1.8 -1.0 -0.8 -2.0 -0.9

Pharmaceutical products....................... 30 4.343 151.9 150.9 1.3 -0.7 -0.1 0.0 -0.7

Fertilizers (Dec. 2009=100).................... 31 0.303 91.4 90.8 11.5 8.0 1.9 -0.5 -0.7

Essential oils and resinoids (Dec.

2016=100)..................................... 33 0.601 102.9 102.6 -0.3 0.2 -0.2 -0.5 -0.3

Miscellaneous chemical products............. 38 0.599 105.5 107.2 0.2 -0.1 -0.2 -1.1 1.6

Plastics and articles thereof; rubber and

articles thereof.................................. VII 3.519 141.2 141.0 0.8 0.2 0.2 -0.5 -0.1

Plastics and articles thereof.................... 39 2.376 145.4 144.9 1.5 0.3 0.6 -0.5 -0.3

Rubber and articles thereof.................... 40 1.144 135.1 135.5 -0.7 -0.2 -0.4 -0.4 0.3

Raw hides, skins, leather, furskins, travel

goods, etc....................................... VIII 0.625 125.0 125.5 1.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.4

Articles of leather; travel goods, bags, etc.

of various materials........................... 42 0.595 131.2 131.9 1.8 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.5

Wood, wood charcoal, cork, straw,

basketware and wickerwork................. IX 0.875 148.9 147.3 -8.4 -7.3 -3.7 1.2 -1.1

Woodpulp, recovered paper, and paper

products......................................... X 1.130 122.5 122.7 9.2 0.2 0.1 0.6 0.2

Paper and paperboard; articles of paper

pulp, paper or paperboard................... 48 0.744 111.9 111.6 7.5 0.5 -0.2 0.4 -0.3

Textile and textile articles....................... XI 4.917 114.6 114.8 0.9 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.2

Articles of apparel and clothing accessories,

knitted or crocheted.......................... 61 1.983 104.8 105.3 1.3 0.1 0.3 0.0 0.5

Articles of apparel and clothing accessories,

not knitted or crocheted...................... 62 1.645 120.5 120.6 1.3 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.1

Made-up or worn textile articles............... 63 0.652 103.7 103.7 -0.3 0.0 -0.1 -0.3 0.0

See footnotes at end of table.

10
Table 5. U.S. import price indexes and percent changes for selected categories of goods: January 2018 to

January 2019 — Continued

[2000=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description

Harmonized

system

Relative

importance

Dec.

20181

Index Percent change

Dec.

2018

Jan.

2019

Annual Monthly

Jan.

2018 to

Jan.

2019

Sept.

2018 to

Oct.

2018

Oct.

2018 to

Nov.

2018

Nov.

2018 to

Dec.

2018

Dec.

2018 to

Jan.

2019

Headgear, umbrellas, artificial flowers,

etc................................................. XII 1.372 122.8 123.0 0.8 0.0 0.2 0.1 0.2

Footwear and parts of such articles........... 64 1.139 121.8 122.0 0.8 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2

Stone, plaster, cement, asbestos,

ceramics, glass etc............................ XIII 0.950 131.6 131.2 -0.2 0.0 -0.3 -0.2 -0.3

Ceramic products................................ 69 0.269 136.1 135.8 -0.5 0.1 0.7 0.0 -0.2

Pearls, stones, precious metals, imitation

jewelry, and coins.............................. XIV 2.649 172.5 176.8 1.0 0.8 1.1 1.1 2.5

Base metals and articles of base metals. . .. XV 5.995 178.8 176.4 -0.5 0.5 -0.9 -0.2 -1.3

Iron and steel.................................... 72 1.419 228.2 221.7 5.9 -0.2 -0.7 -0.2 -2.8

Articles of iron or steel.......................... 73 1.741 150.9 150.6 -0.1 -0.5 -0.1 -0.4 -0.2

Copper and articles thereof.................... 74 0.455 285.4 277.1 -9.5 5.6 -1.3 1.1 -2.9

Aluminum and articles thereof................. 76 1.036 135.1 132.8 -3.3 0.7 -2.6 -0.3 -1.7

Tools, implements, cutlery, spoons and

forks, of base metal; parts thereof.......... 82 0.446 124.1 123.9 1.5 0.3 0.1 0.2 -0.2

Miscellaneous articles of base metal. . . . . . . .. 83 0.525 137.3 137.8 0.7 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.4

Machinery, electrical equipment, TV image

and sound recorders, parts, etc............. XVI 30.480 80.2 80.1 -0.4 0.0 -0.2 0.0 -0.1

Machinery and mechanical appliances;

parts thereof................................... 84 15.169 86.6 86.7 0.2 0.0 -0.2 0.0 0.1

Electrical machinery and equip, sound and

TV recorders & reproducers, parts......... 85 15.310 74.2 74.0 -0.9 -0.1 -0.1 -0.1 -0.3

Vehicles, aircraft, vessels and associated

transport equipment........................... XVII 14.066 114.2 113.9 -0.7 0.1 -0.1 0.0 -0.3

Motor vehicles and their parts................. 87 12.872 113.2 113.0 -0.5 0.0 -0.1 0.0 -0.2

Aircraft, spacecraft, and parts thereof (Dec.

2002=100)..................................... 88 1.085 115.1 114.9 -1.3 -0.1 0.1 0.0 -0.2

Optical, photo, measuring, medical &

musical instruments; & timepieces. . . . . . .. XVIII 4.035 102.4 101.9 -1.5 0.4 -0.1 -0.1 -0.5

Optical, photographic, measuring and

medical instruments.......................... 90 3.765 99.0 98.4 -1.6 0.4 -0.1 0.0 -0.6

Clocks and watches and parts thereof. . . . . .. 91 0.209 141.4 142.1 -0.3 0.8 -1.0 -0.4 0.5

Miscellaneous manufactured articles......... XX 4.503 113.0 113.1 1.5 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.1

Furniture & stuffed furnishings; lamps &

lighting fittings, nesoi; prefab bldgs......... 94 2.822 118.8 118.8 1.3 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.0

Toys, games and sports equipment; parts

and accessories thereof...................... 95 1.407 103.5 103.7 2.1 0.2 0.0 0.1 0.2

Miscellaneous manufactured articles. . . . . . . .. 96 0.275 130.1 129.6 0.8 0.5 0.0 0.0 -0.4

1 Relative importance figures are based on 2017 trade values.

NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication.

Dash = Not available

11
Table 6. U.S. export price indexes and percent changes for selected categories of goods: January 2018 to

January 2019

[2000=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description

Harmonized

system

Relative

importance

Dec.

20181

Index Percent change

Dec.

2018

Jan.

2019

Annual Monthly

Jan.

2018 to

Jan.

2019

Sept.

2018 to

Oct.

2018

Oct.

2018 to

Nov.

2018

Nov.

2018 to

Dec.

2018

Dec.

2018 to

Jan.

2019

Live animals; animal products................. I 1.914 208.1 208.2 0.5 0.3 0.0 0.0 0.0

Meat & edible meat offal (Dec. 2006=100)... 02 1.120 161.5 161.2 -3.3 0.1 -0.1 0.4 -0.2

Fish and crustaceans, mollusks and aquatic

invertebrates (Dec. 2016=100).............. 03 0.404 119.3 120.0 4.6 0.2 0.6 -0.7 0.6

Vegetable products............................... II 4.752 206.4 197.0 1.0 0.4 3.4 8.3 -4.6

Edible fruit and nuts; peel of citrus fruit or

melons.......................................... 08 0.959 136.4 141.6 -3.7 -1.5 6.3 -0.7 3.8

Cereals............................................ 10 – 194.7 – – 0.2 0.8 1.2 –

Oilseeds and misc. grains, seeds, fruits,

plants, straw and fodder..................... 12 – 188.7 – – 0.2 2.2 3.1 –

Prepared foodstuffs, beverages, and

tobacco........................................... IV 2.979 151.7 152.6 1.9 -0.1 0.5 -0.2 0.6

Miscellaneous edible preparations (Dec.

2017=100)..................................... 21 0.550 95.2 95.6 -6.1 -0.1 -1.1 -1.4 0.4

Beverages, spirits, and vinegar (Dec.

2008=100)..................................... 22 0.521 104.5 104.7 -0.5 0.3 -1.3 -0.6 0.2

Residues and waste from the food

industries; prepared animal feed............ 23 0.721 222.2 223.8 8.9 -1.9 3.4 1.4 0.7

Mineral products.................................. V 10.660 220.1 212.5 -8.3 3.8 -8.2 -8.1 -3.5

Ores, slag and ash (Dec. 2012=100)......... 26 0.403 97.0 95.4 -12.5 0.0 1.0 0.6 -1.6

Mineral fuels, oils and residuals, bituminous

substances and mineral waxes............. 27 10.058 211.6 204.1 -8.2 4.1 -8.8 -8.8 -3.5

Products of the chemical or allied

industries........................................ VI 10.923 138.5 138.5 1.4 0.3 -0.1 -0.9 0.0

Inorganic chemicals............................. 28 0.714 143.9 142.7 -14.2 -2.8 -0.7 -2.0 -0.8

Organic chemicals............................... 29 2.657 146.5 149.4 8.0 0.9 -0.1 -2.7 2.0

Pharmaceutical products....................... 30 3.029 106.0 103.9 -2.4 0.2 -0.3 -0.4 -2.0

Tanning or dyeing extracts, dyes, paints

varnish, putty, & inks (Dec. 2015=100). . .. 32 0.531 101.1 101.6 1.8 0.1 -1.9 0.5 0.5

Essential oils and resinoids; perfumery

cosmetic or toilet preparations.............. 33 0.851 130.9 131.9 1.3 -0.2 0.1 0.1 0.8

Soap; lubricants; waxes, polishing or

scouring products; candles, pastes......... 34 0.483 122.1 123.1 4.1 0.9 0.4 0.6 0.8

Miscellaneous chemical products............. 38 1.971 155.9 155.8 3.3 0.3 0.8 0.1 -0.1

Plastics and articles thereof; rubber and

articles thereof.................................. VII 5.215 143.6 143.7 2.7 0.4 -0.6 -0.8 0.1

Plastics and articles thereof.................... 39 4.331 140.6 140.6 2.9 0.5 -0.4 -0.7 0.0

Rubber and articles thereof.................... 40 0.883 155.0 155.3 1.9 0.1 -1.4 -1.3 0.2

Wood, wood charcoal, cork, straw, baskets

and wickerwork (Dec. 2014=100)............ IX 0.644 99.0 99.9 -3.2 -2.2 -0.8 -0.8 0.9

Woodpulp, recovered paper, and paper

products......................................... X 2.060 135.4 131.8 2.7 2.8 0.6 -1.9 -2.7

Paper and paperboard; articles of paper

pulp, paper or paperboard................... 48 1.131 131.1 128.2 3.4 0.3 0.2 0.7 -2.2

Textile and textile articles....................... XI 1.784 124.9 122.4 0.2 -1.1 0.1 0.2 -2.0

Cotton, including yarns and woven fabrics

thereof.......................................... 52 0.538 131.8 124.4 -6.0 -4.5 1.3 0.9 -5.6

Stone, plaster, cement, asbestos,

ceramics, glass etc............................ XIII 0.803 124.7 125.9 2.0 0.0 0.4 -0.1 1.0

Pearls, stones, precious metals, imitation

jewelry, and coins.............................. XIV 4.082 236.8 240.3 0.3 0.7 0.9 1.2 1.5

Base metals and articles of base metals. . .. XV 4.733 159.6 159.4 0.3 -0.1 0.6 -0.6 -0.1

See footnotes at end of table.

12
Table 6. U.S. export price indexes and percent changes for selected categories of goods: January 2018 to

January 2019 — Continued

[2000=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description

Harmonized

system

Relative

importance

Dec.

20181

Index Percent change

Dec.

2018

Jan.

2019

Annual Monthly

Jan.

2018 to

Jan.

2019

Sept.

2018 to

Oct.

2018

Oct.

2018 to

Nov.

2018

Nov.

2018 to

Dec.

2018

Dec.

2018 to

Jan.

2019

Copper and articles thereof.................... 74 0.497 183.8 176.5 -13.1 2.4 -0.8 0.7 -4.0

Aluminum and articles thereof................. 76 0.739 108.3 107.8 -8.8 -1.2 0.2 -2.4 -0.5

Miscellaneous articles of base metal. . . . . . . .. 83 0.336 152.9 152.9 2.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Machinery, electrical equipment, TV image

and sound recorders, parts, etc............. XVI 28.041 97.6 97.7 0.9 -0.1 -0.1 0.0 0.1

Machinery and mechanical appliances;

parts thereof................................... 84 16.243 115.4 116.0 1.8 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.5

Electrical machinery and equipment and

parts and accessories thereof............... 85 11.799 78.4 78.1 -0.4 -0.5 -0.1 -0.1 -0.4

Vehicles, aircraft, vessels and associated

transport equipment........................... XVII 13.643 135.8 136.0 1.4 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1

Motor vehicles and their parts................. 87 8.328 116.3 116.2 0.4 0.0 -0.1 0.0 -0.1

Optical, photo, measuring, medical &

musical instruments; & timepieces. . . . . . .. XVIII 5.846 109.0 108.5 -0.2 -0.3 -0.1 0.0 -0.5

Miscellaneous manufactured articles......... XX 1.375 112.7 112.7 0.3 0.0 0.0 -0.1 0.0

Furniture; stuffed furnishings; lamps and

lighting fittings nesoi;......................... 94 0.762 129.9 129.9 1.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Toys, games and sports equipment; parts

and accessories thereof...................... 95 0.450 87.3 87.9 -1.3 -0.1 -0.1 -0.2 0.7

1 Relative importance figures are based on 2017 trade values.

NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication.

Dash = Not available

13
Table 7. U.S. import price indexes and percent changes by locality of origin: January 2018 to January 2019

[2000=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description

Relative

importance

Dec.

20181

Index Percent change

Dec.

2018

Jan.

2019

Annual Monthly

Jan.

2018 to

Jan.

2019

Sept.

2018 to

Oct.

2018

Oct.

2018 to

Nov.

2018

Nov.

2018 to

Dec.

2018

Dec.

2018 to

Jan.

2019

Industrialized Countries2

.................... 100.000 120.3 120.0 -3.1 0.2 -2.6 -0.9 -0.2

Nonmanufacturing........................... 7.000 112.1 107.8 -32.8 1.4 -23.4 -7.0 -3.8

Manufacturing................................ 92.363 120.2 120.3 0.0 0.1 -0.6 -0.4 0.1

Canada.......................................... 100.000 121.8 120.0 -10.0 0.5 -6.8 -2.4 -1.5

Nonmanufacturing........................... 19.736 104.1 99.7 -35.0 1.3 -24.7 -7.5 -4.2

Manufacturing................................ 79.130 130.2 129.3 -1.5 0.2 -1.2 -1.1 -0.7

European Union............................... 100.000 136.5 136.8 1.0 0.1 -0.4 -0.1 0.2

Manufacturing................................ 98.730 133.0 133.4 1.0 0.1 -0.4 -0.1 0.3

France (Dec. 2003=100)...................... 100.000 127.0 127.3 -0.2 0.2 -0.9 -0.4 0.2

Germany (Dec. 2003=100)................... 100.000 111.9 112.4 0.7 -0.1 0.0 0.1 0.4

United Kingdom (Dec. 2003=100).......... 100.000 120.2 120.7 0.5 0.7 -1.3 -0.4 0.4

Latin America3

................................. 100.000 148.4 147.1 -2.6 1.2 -1.7 -2.2 -0.9

Nonmanufacturing........................... 16.336 252.7 249.8 -7.6 5.5 -8.4 -9.2 -1.1

Manufacturing................................ 83.375 121.8 120.9 -1.4 0.2 0.0 -0.5 -0.7

Mexico (Dec. 2003=100)...................... 100.000 128.7 127.4 -1.8 0.6 -0.7 -0.7 -1.0

Nonmanufacturing (Dec. 2008=100). . . . .. 8.654 143.4 133.3 -5.7 5.9 -9.0 -5.5 -7.0

Manufacturing (Dec. 2008=100)........... 91.085 88.2 87.8 -1.5 0.0 0.2 -0.1 -0.5

Pacific Rim (Dec. 2003=100)4

............... 100.000 98.9 98.7 0.2 -0.1 0.0 -0.1 -0.2

China (Dec. 2003=100)....................... 100.000 99.8 99.5 -0.6 -0.2 -0.1 -0.1 -0.3

Japan............................................ 100.000 96.5 96.6 0.6 0.1 -0.1 -0.1 0.1

Taiwan (Dec. 2018=100)...................... 100.000 100.0 99.8 – – – – -0.2

Asian NICs5

..................................... 100.000 88.4 87.9 -0.2 0.2 -0.2 -0.5 -0.6

ASEAN (Dec. 2003=100)6

.................... 100.000 98.0 97.9 -0.3 -0.4 -0.1 -0.2 -0.1

Asia Near East (Dec. 2003=100)7

........... 100.000 182.2 183.0 1.6 2.1 -6.7 -3.3 0.4

1 Relative importance figures are based on 2017 trade values.

2 Western Europe, Canada, Japan, Australia, New Zealand, and South Africa.

3 Mexico, Central America, South America, and the Caribbean.

4 China, Japan, Australia, Brunei, Indonesia, Macao, Malaysia, New Zealand, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, and the Asian Newly Industrialized

Countries.

5 Asian Newly Industrialized Countries - Hong Kong, Singapore, South Korea, and Taiwan.

6 Association of Southeast Asian Nations - Brunei, Cambodia, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, Philippines, Singapore, Thailand, and Vietnam.

7 Bahrain, Iran, Iraq, Israel, Jordan, Kuwait, Lebanon, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Syria, United Arab Emirates, and Yemen.

NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication.

Regions are not mutually exclusive.

Dash = Not available

14
Table 8. U.S. export price indexes and percent changes by locality of destination: January 2018 to January

2019

[December 2017=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description

Relative

importance

Dec.

20181

Index Percent change

Dec.

2018

Jan.

2019

Annual Monthly

Jan.

2018 to

Jan.

2019

Sept.

2018 to

Oct.

2018

Oct.

2018 to

Nov.

2018

Nov.

2018 to

Dec.

2018

Dec.

2018 to

Jan.

2019

Industrialized Countries2

.................... 100.000 103.3 102.3 0.7 0.1 -0.1 0.7 -1.0

Nonmanufacturing........................... 9.376 121.2 108.2 1.0 -1.7 2.8 18.4 -10.7

Manufacturing................................ 89.569 102.1 102.1 0.9 0.2 -0.4 -0.5 0.0

Canada.......................................... 100.000 107.3 104.3 1.8 0.4 0.3 2.2 -2.8

European Union............................... 100.000 103.3 103.8 1.9 0.4 0.1 -0.6 0.5

Nonmanufacturing........................... 7.327 104.9 108.1 6.8 -2.9 2.5 3.7 3.1

Manufacturing................................ 91.582 103.3 103.6 1.7 0.5 0.1 -0.9 0.3

Germany........................................ 100.000 101.4 101.7 0.6 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3

Latin America3

................................. 100.000 101.6 100.6 -0.9 1.3 -1.5 -1.9 -1.0

Nonmanufacturing........................... 7.684 115.5 107.6 -1.8 2.1 1.2 6.6 -6.8

Manufacturing................................ 91.900 100.7 100.1 -0.9 1.2 -1.8 -2.4 -0.6

Mexico........................................... 100.000 101.6 100.3 -0.9 1.1 -1.2 -1.0 -1.3

Nonmanufacturing........................... 7.089 115.5 102.5 -8.0 1.6 1.5 8.7 -11.3

Manufacturing................................ 92.430 100.6 100.1 -0.5 1.0 -1.4 -1.7 -0.5

Pacific Rim4

.................................... 100.000 100.0 99.8 -0.7 0.2 0.2 -0.1 -0.2

Nonmanufacturing........................... 13.833 95.7 96.9 -2.8 -2.1 2.1 3.8 1.3

Manufacturing................................ 83.929 100.8 100.5 0.0 0.4 -0.1 -0.4 -0.3

China............................................ 100.000 98.2 97.7 -3.1 0.8 0.1 -0.8 -0.5

Nonmanufacturing........................... 20.020 94.5 95.5 -4.7 0.6 2.3 2.9 1.1

Manufacturing................................ 75.734 99.4 98.7 -2.2 0.4 -0.6 -1.0 -0.7

Japan............................................ 100.000 100.2 99.2 -1.8 0.2 -0.1 -0.4 -1.0

Nonmanufacturing........................... 18.258 100.0 100.7 -3.2 0.4 0.6 0.4 0.7

Manufacturing................................ 80.744 100.2 98.7 -1.8 0.1 -0.3 -0.5 -1.5

1 Relative importance figures are based on 2017 trade values.

2 Western Europe, Canada, Japan, Australia, New Zealand, and South Africa.

3 Mexico, Central America, South America, and the Caribbean.

4 China, Japan, Australia, Brunei, Indonesia, Macao, Malaysia, New Zealand, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, and the Asian Newly Industrialized

Countries.

NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication.

Regions are not mutually exclusive.

Dash = Not available

15
Table 9. U.S. terms of trade indexes and percent changes by locality: January 2018 to January 20191

[December 2017=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description

Index Percent change

Dec.

2018

Jan.

2019

Annual Monthly

Jan.

2018 to

Jan.

2019

Sept.

2018 to

Oct.

2018

Oct.

2018 to

Nov.

2018

Nov.

2018 to

Dec.

2018

Dec.

2018 to

Jan.

2019

Industrialized Countries2

............................ 105.1 104.3 3.8 -0.1 2.5 1.6 -0.8

Canada.................................................. 115.8 114.2 13.1 -0.1 7.7 4.7 -1.4

European Union...................................... 101.9 102.1 0.9 0.2 0.5 -0.4 0.2

Germany................................................ 104.3 104.1 -0.2 0.3 0.2 0.1 -0.2

Latin America3

........................................ 101.9 101.8 1.8 0.1 0.2 0.2 -0.1

Mexico.................................................. 101.8 101.6 1.0 0.5 -0.5 -0.3 -0.2

Pacific Rim4

............................................ 99.5 99.5 -0.9 0.3 0.2 0.0 0.0

China................................................... . 98.5 98.3 -2.5 1.0 0.2 -0.7 -0.2

Japan.................................................... 99.2 98.1 -2.4 0.1 0.0 -0.3 -1.1

1 Terms of trade indexes are derived by dividing the export price index by the corresponding import price index and multiplying by 100.

2 Western Europe, Canada, Japan, Australia, New Zealand, and South Africa.

3 Mexico, Central America, South America, and the Caribbean.

4 China, Japan, Australia, Brunei, Indonesia, Macao, Malaysia, New Zealand, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, and the Asian Newly Industrialized

Countries.

NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication.

Regions are not mutually exclusive.

Dash = Not available

16
Table 10. U.S. international price indexes and percent changes for selected transportation services: January

2018 to January 2019

[2000=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description

Relative

importance

Dec.

20181

Index Percent change

Dec.

2018

Jan.

2019

Annual Monthly

Jan.

2018 to

Jan.

2019

Sept.

2018 to

Oct.

2018

Oct.

2018 to

Nov.

2018

Nov.

2018 to

Dec.

2018

Dec.

2018 to

Jan.

2019

Air Freight

Import Air Freight.................................... 100.000 188.4 186.4 4.7 2.4 0.7 -3.2 -1.1

Europe (Dec. 2003=100).......................... 25.597 147.9 151.5 4.6 3.2 -0.8 -0.9 2.4

Asia.................................................. 61.948 182.5 177.6 4.9 2.6 1.5 -4.9 -2.7

Export Air Freight................................... 100.000 164.8 167.3 5.2 0.6 -0.2 -0.1 1.5

Europe (Dec. 2006=100).......................... 31.375 148.8 151.9 3.2 0.1 -0.9 0.5 2.1

Inbound Air Freight................................. 100.000 174.1 173.6 3.4 1.7 0.9 -1.7 -0.3

Europe (Dec. 2003=100).......................... 26.952 135.6 141.5 6.3 1.4 -0.4 -1.0 4.4

Asia.................................................. 58.743 166.6 161.9 1.8 2.2 1.8 -2.6 -2.8

Outbound Air Freight............................... 100.000 146.0 142.9 1.6 -0.6 1.5 -0.3 -2.1

Europe (Dec. 2003=100).......................... 32.153 149.0 152.1 5.1 0.5 -0.2 -0.3 2.1

Asia.................................................. 45.902 144.9 135.9 -0.6 -1.8 3.3 0.0 -6.2

Air Passenger Fares

Import Air Passenger Fares....................... 100.000 197.5 189.9 1.2 0.7 0.7 7.6 -3.8

Europe............................................... 53.098 219.7 228.9 -2.2 2.8 2.2 -1.1 4.2

Asia.................................................. 20.926 157.3 137.9 2.1 0.7 -0.8 19.1 -12.3

Latin America/Caribbean.......................... 6.672 177.8 148.1 -5.4 1.7 6.3 10.4 -16.7

Export Air Passenger Fares....................... 100.000 150.8 161.3 -2.9 -1.8 0.1 1.4 7.0

Europe............................................... 30.269 204.7 199.1 3.1 -0.2 1.3 1.9 -2.7

Asia.................................................. 27.666 133.3 150.0 -0.7 -6.0 1.0 4.1 12.5

Latin America/Caribbean.......................... 23.807 147.9 169.5 -6.8 -2.0 1.7 -3.1 14.6

1 Relative importance figures are based on 2017 trade values.

NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication.

Dash = Not available

17
18 

TECHNICAL NOTE

Import and Export Goods and Services Price Indexes - All indexes use a modified Laspeyres 

formula and are not seasonally adjusted. Price indexes are reweighted annually, with a 2-year lag in the 

weights. Published series use a base year of 2000=100 where possible. More detailed index series and 

additional information may be obtained at www.bls.gov/mxp or by calling (202) 691-7101. 

Merchandise Goods Classification Systems - The merchandise price indexes are published using three 

classification systems. Items are classified by end use according to the Bureau of Economic Analysis 

Classification System, by industry according to the North American Industry Classification System 

(NAICS), and by product category according to the Harmonized System (HS). While classification by 

end use and product category are self-explanatory, some notes are in order for classifying items by 

industry. In the NAICS imports and exports tables, items are classified by output industry, not input 

industry. As an example, NAICS import index 326 (plastics and rubber products manufacturing) 

includes outputs such as manufactured plastic rather than inputs such as petroleum. The NAICS 

classification structure also matches the classification system used by the Producer Price Index (PPI) to 

produce the NAICS primary products indexes.

Import Price Goods Indexes - Items are classified by the Harmonized Tariff Schedule of the United 

States Annotated (TSUSA). Import prices are based on U.S. dollar prices paid by the U.S. importer. The 

prices are generally either "free on board" (f.o.b.) foreign port or "cost, insurance, and freight" (c.i.f.) 

U.S. port transaction prices, depending on the practices of the individual industry. The index for crude 

petroleum is calculated from data collected by the U.S. Department of Energy. 

Export Price Goods Indexes - Items are classified by the Harmonized Schedule B classification system 

of the U.S. Bureau of the Census. The prices used are generally either "free alongside ship" (f.a.s.) 

factory or "free on board" (f.o.b.) transaction prices, depending on the practices of the individual 

industry. Prices used in the grain index, excluding rice, are obtained from the U.S. Department of 

Agriculture. 

Services Price Indexes - Indexes for import and export air passenger fares calculate changes in the 

average revenue received per passenger by foreign carriers from U.S. residents and by U.S. carriers from 

foreign residents, respectively. Data are obtained from an airline consulting service and report on tickets 

sold by travel agencies, travel websites, and directly by the airlines. Taxes and fees are included in both 

the import and export air passenger fares indexes. Import air passenger fares data have used the airline 

consulting service source since September 2008. Before April 2018, the export air passenger fares data 

were collected directly by BLS from U.S. airlines. The air freight indexes are calculated from data 

collected directly from airlines. These data exclude mail and passenger baggage. The scope of the 

service being priced is the movement of freight from airport to airport only, and does not include any 

ground transportation or port service. The air freight indexes are presented using two definitions: 

balance of payments (which represents transactions between U.S. and foreign residents) and 

international (which represents transactions inbound to and outbound from the United States.) Fact 

sheets specifying detailed information for each services industry are available at www.bls.gov/mxp 

under "MXP Publications." 
19 

Import Price Indexes by Locality of Origin - Prices used in these indexes are a subset of the data 

collected for the import price indexes. The indexes are specific to a country, region, or grouping and, 

beginning with January 2002, are based on the North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 

covering goods-producing industries. Nonmanufactured goods are defined as NAICS 11 and 21, and 

manufactured goods are defined as NAICS 31-33. 

Export Price Indexes by Locality of Destination - Prices used in these indexes are a subset of the data 

collected for the export price indexes. The indexes are specific to a country, region, or grouping and are 

based on the North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) covering goods-producing 

industries. Nonmanufactured goods are defined as NAICS 11 and 21, and manufactured goods are 

defined as NAICS 31-33. 

Terms of Trade Indexes - Terms of trade indexes measure the relative price of exports in terms of 

import prices for a specific country, region, or grouping. The indexes are calculated as one country, 

region, or grouping’s all-export goods price index divided by the corresponding all-import goods price 

index on a scale of 100. 

 

Relative Importance - A relative importance is a specific index’s price-updated value share (expressed 

as a percentage) of overall imports or exports at a specific point in time. Relative importance values are 

affected by the trade weights at the point indexes are reweighted and index changes relative to other 

indexes since the reweight point. If an index is rising in value relative to other indexes over time, the 

relative importance will increase as well. 

Revision Policy - To reflect the availability of late reports and corrections by respondents, monthly data 

may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication. After 3 months, no further data 

revisions take place. For example, data first published in the January release will be subject to revision 

in the releases for February, March, and April. 

Rounding Policy - Index values are rounded to the tenth decimal place after being calculated. All 

percent changes are then derived from the rounded index values and subsequently rounded to the tenth 

decimal place. 

Uses of the Data - The primary use of the indexes is to deflate trade statistics, notably the foreign trade 

sector of the National Income and Product Accounts (NIPA) constructed by the Department of 

Commerce. Other published indexes are useful for general market analysis. For trade in international 

services, balance of payments indexes are used for deflating NIPA, while international indexes are more 

appropriate for market analysis. 

Email Subscription - The U.S. import and export price indexes news release is available through an 

email subscription service at www.bls.gov/bls/list.htm. 

 

Additional Information - More detailed data are available on the Import/Export Price Indexes home 

page at www.bls.gov/mxp. For import and export price indexes data requests, send an email to 

mxpinfo@bls.gov. 

Information from this release will be made available to sensory impaired individuals upon request. 

Voice phone: (202)-691-5200; Federal Relay Service: 1-(800)-877-8339.