For release 10:00 a.m. (EDT) Tuesday, May 8, 2018 USDL-18-0742 

Technical information: (202) 691-5870 • JoltsInfo@bls.gov • www.bls.gov/jlt 

Media contact: (202) 691-5902 • PressOffice@bls.gov

JOB OPENINGS AND LABOR TURNOVER – MARCH 2018 

The number of job openings increased to 6.6 million on the last business day of March, the U.S. Bureau 

of Labor Statistics reported today. Over the month, hires and separations were little changed at 5.4

million and 5.3 million, respectively. Within separations, the quits rate was little changed at 2.3 percent 

and the layoffs and discharges rate was unchanged at 1.1 percent. This release includes estimates of the 

number and rate of job openings, hires, and separations for the nonfarm sector by industry and by four 

geographic regions. 

Job Openings 

On the last business day of March, the job openings level increased to a series high of 6.6 million. The 

series began in December 2000. The job openings rate was 4.2 percent in March. The number of job 

openings increased for total private and edged up for government. Job openings increased in a number 

of industries, with the largest increases in professional and business services (+112,000), construction 

(+68,000), and transportation, warehousing, and utilities (+37,000). The number of job openings 

increased in the Northeast and Midwest regions. (See table 1.) 

Hires 

The number of hires was little changed at 5.4 million in March. The hires rate was 3.7 percent. The 

number of hires was little changed for total private and for government. Hires decreased in finance and 

insurance (-32,000). The number of hires was little changed in all four regions. (See table 2.) 

 2.0

 2.2

 2.4

 2.6

 2.8

 3.0

 3.2

 3.4

 3.6

 3.8

 4.0

 4.2

 4.4

Mar-15 Sep-15 Mar-16 Sep-16 Mar-17 Sep-17 Mar-18

Percent

Chart 1. Job openings rate, seasonally adjusted, March 2015 - March 2018

2.0

2.2

2.4

2.6

2.8

3.0

3.2

3.4

3.6

3.8

4.0

4.2

4.4

Mar-15 Sep-15 Mar-16 Sep-16 Mar-17 Sep-17 Mar-18

Hires

Separations

Percent

Chart 2. Hires and total separations rates, seasonally adjusted, March 2015 - March 2018
- 2 -

Separations

Total separations includes quits, layoffs and discharges, and other separations. Total separations is 

referred to as turnover. Quits are generally voluntary separations initiated by the employee. Therefore, 

the quits rate can serve as a measure of workers’ willingness or ability to leave jobs. Layoffs and 

discharges are involuntary separations initiated by the employer. Other separations includes separations 

due to retirement, death, disability, and transfers to other locations of the same firm.

The number of total separations was little changed at 5.3 million in March. The total separations rate 

was 3.6 percent. The number of total separations was little changed for total private and for government. 

Total separations decreased in finance and insurance (-34,000). The number of total separations was 

little changed in all four regions. (See table 3.)

The number of quits edged up to 3.3 million in March. The quits rate was 2.3 percent. The number of 

quits edged up for total private and was unchanged for government. Quits increased in other services 

(+71,000). The number of quits increased in the Midwest region. (See table 4.)

There were 1.6 million layoffs and discharges in March, little changed from February. The layoffs and 

discharges rate was 1.1 percent in March. The number of layoffs and discharges was little changed for

total private and for government. Layoffs and discharges decreased in health care and social assistance 

(-35,000). The number of layoffs and discharges was little changed in all four regions. (See table 5.)

The number of other separations was little changed in March at 382,000. The number of other 

separations was little changed for total private and for government. Other separations increased in retail 

trade (+20,000) but decreased in educational services (-5,000). The number of other separations was 

little changed in all four regions. (See table 6.)

Net Change in Employment

Large numbers of hires and separations occur every month throughout the business cycle. Net 

employment change results from the relationship between hires and separations. When the number of 

hires exceeds the number of separations, employment rises, even if the hires level is steady or declining. 

Conversely, when the number of hires is less than the number of separations, employment declines, even 

if the hires level is steady or rising. Over the 12 months ending in March, hires totaled 65.7 million and 

separations totaled 63.4 million, yielding a net employment gain of 2.3 million. These totals include 

workers who may have been hired and separated more than once during the year.

The Job Openings and Labor Turnover Survey results for April 2018 are scheduled to be released 

on Tuesday, June 5, 2018 at 10:00 a.m. (EDT).
Table A. Job openings, hires, and total separations by industry, seasonally adjusted

Category

Job openings Hires Total separations

Mar.

2017

Feb.

2018

Mar.

2018p

Mar.

2017

Feb.

2018

Mar.

2018p

Mar.

2017

Feb.

2018

Mar.

2018p

LEVELS BY INDUSTRY

(in thousands)

Total................................................... 5,607 6,078 6,550 5,297 5,511 5,425 5,172 5,173 5,291

Total private....................................... 5,090 5,489 5,928 4,965 5,178 5,101 4,860 4,844 4,967

Mining and logging1............................ 21 24 22 25 36 37 25 32 36

Construction1................................... 179 180 248 367 352 324 368 305 343

Manufacturing.................................. 394 414 391 323 382 364 321 350 352

Durable goods1.............................. 217 261 248 171 215 217 175 192 203

Nondurable goods1

.......................... 178 153 143 153 167 146 146 159 148

Trade, transportation, and utilities........... 943 1,093 1,192 1,053 1,080 1,052 1,066 1,010 1,049

Wholesale trade1............................ 181 174 177 130 139 139 133 135 130

Retail trade................................... 583 663 723 723 724 699 749 672 719

Transportation, warehousing, and

utilities1

..................................... 179 256 293 200 216 214 184 202 201

Information1

..................................... 95 118 131 80 82 83 78 84 78

Financial activities.............................. 338 406 396 207 227 189 198 199 180

Finance and insurance..................... 265 339 310 131 153 121 120 148 114

Real estate and rental and leasing1. . . . .. 73 67 85 76 73 68 78 51 66

Professional and business services......... 935 1,016 1,128 1,026 1,150 1,164 992 1,081 1,144

Education and health services............... 1,117 1,192 1,271 669 673 657 624 644 610

Educational services1

....................... 89 81 105 85 88 82 80 96 82

Health care and social assistance. . . . . . .. 1,028 1,111 1,167 584 584 574 544 548 529

Leisure and hospitality........................ 751 812 879 1,007 1,028 1,014 992 984 975

Arts, entertainment, and recreation. . . . . .. 80 84 85 131 167 165 145 157 155

Accommodation and food services. . . . . .. 671 728 794 876 861 849 847 827 820

Other services1................................. 317 234 270 206 170 218 196 155 199

Government....................................... 517 590 622 332 333 324 312 330 324

Federal1

......................................... 81 69 83 36 37 37 38 41 39

State and local................................. 435 520 539 295 296 287 274 288 285

State and local education.................. 151 180 185 142 145 146 129 142 144

State and local, excluding education1

. . .. 284 340 354 154 151 141 144 147 141

RATES BY INDUSTRY

(percent)

Total................................................... 3.7 3.9 4.2 3.6 3.7 3.7 3.5 3.5 3.6

Total private....................................... 4.0 4.2 4.5 4.0 4.1 4.1 3.9 3.9 3.9

Mining and logging1

............................ 3.1 3.2 3.0 3.8 5.1 5.2 3.8 4.4 4.9

Construction1

................................... 2.5 2.4 3.4 5.3 4.9 4.5 5.3 4.3 4.8

Manufacturing.................................. 3.1 3.2 3.0 2.6 3.0 2.9 2.6 2.8 2.8

Durable goods1

.............................. 2.7 3.2 3.0 2.2 2.7 2.8 2.3 2.4 2.6

Nondurable goods1.......................... 3.6 3.1 2.9 3.3 3.5 3.1 3.1 3.3 3.1

Trade, transportation, and utilities........... 3.3 3.8 4.1 3.8 3.9 3.8 3.9 3.6 3.8

Wholesale trade1

............................ 3.0 2.8 2.9 2.2 2.3 2.3 2.3 2.3 2.2

Retail trade................................... 3.5 4.0 4.3 4.6 4.5 4.4 4.7 4.2 4.5

Transportation, warehousing, and

utilities1

..................................... 3.1 4.2 4.8 3.5 3.7 3.7 3.2 3.5 3.4

Information1

..................................... 3.3 4.1 4.5 2.9 3.0 3.0 2.8 3.0 2.8

Financial activities.............................. 3.9 4.5 4.4 2.5 2.7 2.2 2.4 2.3 2.1

Finance and insurance..................... 4.1 5.1 4.7 2.1 2.4 1.9 1.9 2.3 1.8

Real estate and rental and leasing1. . . . .. 3.3 2.9 3.7 3.5 3.3 3.0 3.6 2.3 3.0

Professional and business services......... 4.4 4.7 5.1 5.1 5.5 5.6 4.9 5.2 5.5

Education and health services............... 4.6 4.8 5.1 2.9 2.9 2.8 2.7 2.7 2.6

Educational services1

....................... 2.4 2.1 2.8 2.3 2.4 2.2 2.2 2.6 2.2

Health care and social assistance. . . . . . .. 5.0 5.3 5.6 3.0 3.0 2.9 2.8 2.8 2.7

Leisure and hospitality........................ 4.5 4.8 5.1 6.3 6.3 6.2 6.2 6.1 6.0

Arts, entertainment, and recreation. . . . . .. 3.3 3.4 3.5 5.7 7.1 7.0 6.3 6.7 6.6

Accommodation and food services. . . . . .. 4.7 5.0 5.4 6.4 6.2 6.1 6.2 5.9 5.9

Other services1

................................. 5.2 3.9 4.4 3.6 2.9 3.7 3.4 2.7 3.4

See footnotes at end of table.
Table A. Job openings, hires, and total separations by industry, seasonally adjusted — Continued

Category

Job openings Hires Total separations

Mar.

2017

Feb.

2018

Mar.

2018p

Mar.

2017

Feb.

2018

Mar.

2018p

Mar.

2017

Feb.

2018

Mar.

2018p

Government....................................... 2.3 2.6 2.7 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.4 1.5 1.5

Federal1

......................................... 2.8 2.4 2.9 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.4

State and local................................. 2.2 2.6 2.7 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.4 1.5 1.5

State and local education.................. 1.4 1.7 1.7 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.2 1.4 1.4

State and local, excluding education1

. . .. 3.0 3.6 3.7 1.7 1.7 1.5 1.6 1.6 1.5

1 No regular seasonal movements could be identified in the job openings series, therefore, the seasonally adjusted and not seasonally adjusted data

are identical.

p Preliminary
Technical Note 

This news release presents statistics from the Job 

Openings and Labor Turnover Survey (JOLTS). The 

Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) collects and compiles 

JOLTS data monthly from a sample of nonfarm 

establishments. A more detailed discussion of JOLTS 

concepts and methodology is available online at 

www.bls.gov/opub/hom/pdf/homch18.pdf. 

Coverage and collection

The JOLTS program covers all private nonfarm establishments, as well as federal, state, and local government 

entities in the 50 states and the District of Columbia. Data 

are collected for total employment, job openings, hires, 

quits, layoffs and discharges, other separations, and total 

separations. 

Concepts

Industry classification. The industry classifications in 

this release are in accordance with the 2017 version of the 

North American Industry Classification System (NAICS). 

Employment. Employment includes persons on the 

payroll who worked or received pay for the pay period 

that includes the 12th day of the reference month. Fulltime, part-time, permanent, short-term, seasonal, salaried, 

and hourly employees are included, as are employees on 

paid vacations or other paid leave. Proprietors or partners 

of unincorporated businesses, unpaid family workers, or 

persons on leave without pay or on strike for the entire 

pay period, are not counted as employed. Employees of 

temporary help agencies, employee leasing companies, 

outside contractors, and consultants are counted by their 

employer of record, not by the establishment where they 

are working. 

Job openings. Job openings information is collected for 

the last business day of the reference month. A job 

opening requires that: 1) a specific position exists and 

there is work available for that position, 2) work could 

start within 30 days whether or not the employer found a 

suitable candidate, and 3) the employer is actively 

recruiting from outside the establishment to fill the 

position. Included are full-time, part-time, permanent, 

short-term, and seasonal openings. Active recruiting 

means that the establishment is taking steps to fill a 

position by advertising in newspapers or on the Internet, 

posting help-wanted signs, accepting applications, or 

using other similar methods. 

Jobs to be filled only by internal transfers, promotions, 

demotions, or recall from layoffs are excluded. Also 

excluded are jobs with start dates more than 30 days in 

the future, jobs for which employees have been hired but 

have not yet reported for work, and jobs to be filled by 

employees of temporary help agencies, employee leasing 

companies, outside contractors, or consultants. The job 

openings rate is computed by dividing the number of job 

openings by the sum of employment and job openings and 

multiplying that quotient by 100. 

Hires. The hires level is the total number of additions to 

the payroll occurring at any time during the reference 

month, including both new and rehired employees, fulltime and part-time, permanent, short-term and seasonal 

employees, employees recalled to the location after a 

layoff lasting more than 7 days, on-call or intermittent 

employees who returned to work after having been 

formally separated, and transfers from other locations. 

The hires count does not include transfers or promotions 

within the reporting site, employees returning from strike, 

employees of temporary help agencies or employee 

leasing companies, outside contractors, or consultants. 

The hires rate is computed by dividing the number of 

hires by employment and multiplying that quotient by 

100.

Separations. The separations level is the total number of 

employment terminations occurring at any time during the 

reference month, and is reported by type of separation—

quits, layoffs and discharges, and other separations. 

(Some respondents are only able to report total 

separations.) The quits count includes voluntary 

separations by employees (except for retirements, which 

are reported as other separations). The layoffs and 

discharges count is comprised of involuntary separations 

initiated by the employer and includes layoffs with no 

intent to rehire; formal layoffs lasting or expected to last 

more than 7 days; discharges resulting from mergers, 

downsizing, or closings; firings or other discharges for 

cause; terminations of permanent or short-term 

employees; and terminations of seasonal employees. The 

other separations count includes retirements, transfers to 

other locations, deaths, and separations due to disability. 

The separations count does not include transfers within 

the same location or employees on strike. The separations 

rate is computed by dividing the number of separations by 

employment and multiplying that quotient by 100. The 

quits, layoffs and discharges, and other separations rates 

are computed similarly. 

Annual estimates. Annual levels for hires, quits, layoffs 

and discharges, other separations, and total separations 

are the sum of the 12 published monthly levels. Annual 

rates are computed by dividing the annual level by the 

Current Employment Statistics (CES) annual average 

employment level, and multiplying that quotient by 100. 

This figure will be approximately equal to the sum of the 

12 monthly rates. Consistent with BLS practice, annual 

estimates are published only for not seasonally adjusted 

data and are released with the January news release each 

year. Annual estimates are not calculated for job openings 

because job openings are a stock, or point-in-time, 

measurement for the last business day of each month. 
Sample and estimation methodology

The JOLTS survey design is a stratified random sample of 

16,000 nonfarm business and government establishments. 

The sample is stratified by ownership, region, industry 

sector, and establishment size class. The establishments 

are drawn from a universe of over 9.1 million 

establishments compiled by the Quarterly Census of 

Employment and Wages (QCEW) program which

includes all employers subject to state unemployment 

insurance laws and federal agencies subject to the 

Unemployment Compensation for Federal Employees

program.

JOLTS total employment estimates are benchmarked, or 

ratio adjusted, monthly to the strike-adjusted employment 

estimates of the CES survey. A ratio of CES to JOLTS 

employment is used to adjust the levels for all other 

JOLTS data elements.

JOLTS business birth/death model

As with any sample survey, the JOLTS sample can only 

be as current as its sampling frame. The time lag from the 

birth of an establishment until its appearance on the 

sampling frame is approximately one year. In addition, 

many of these new units may fail within the first year. 

Since these universe units cannot be reflected on the 

sampling frame immediately, the JOLTS sample cannot 

capture job openings, hires, and separations from these 

units during their early existence. To compensate for the 

inability to capture data from these establishments, BLS 

has developed a birth/death model that uses birth and 

death activity from previous years. The estimates of job 

openings, hires, and separations produced by the 

birth/death model are added to the sample-based estimates 

produced from the survey to arrive at the estimates for 

openings, hires, and separations.

Seasonal adjustment

BLS uses X-13 ARIMA to seasonally adjust several 

JOLTS series utilizing moving averages as seasonal 

filters. A concurrent seasonal adjustment methodology is 

used in which new seasonal adjustment factors are 

calculated each month, using all relevant data, up to and 

including current month data. JOLTS seasonal adjustment 

includes both additive and multiplicative models and 

REGARIMA (regression with auto-correlated errors) 

modeling to improve the seasonal adjustment factors at 

the beginning and end of the series and to detect and 

adjust for outliers in the series.

Alignment procedure

The JOLTS measures for hires minus separations can be 

used to derive a measure of net employment change. This 

change should be comparable to the net employment 

change from the much larger CES survey. However, 

definitional differences as well as sampling and nonsampling errors between the two surveys historically 

caused JOLTS to diverge from CES over time. To limit 

the divergence, and improve the quality of the JOLTS 

hires and separations series, BLS implemented the 

Monthly Alignment Method.

This method applies the CES employment trends to the 

seasonally adjusted JOLTS implied employment trend 

(hires minus separations) forcing them to be 

approximately the same, while preserving the seasonality 

of the JOLTS data. First, the two series are seasonally 

adjusted and the difference between the JOLTS implied 

employment change and the CES net employment change 

is calculated. Next, the JOLTS implied employment 

change is adjusted to equal the CES net employment 

change through a proportional adjustment. This procedure 

adjusts the two components (hires, separations) 

proportionally to their contribution to the total churn 

(hires plus separations). The adjusted hires and 

separations are converted back to not seasonally adjusted 

data by reversing the application of the original seasonal 

factors. After the Monthly Alignment Method has been 

used to adjust the level estimates, rate estimates are 

computed from the adjusted levels. 

Reliability of the estimates

JOLTS estimates are subject to both sampling and 

nonsampling error. When a sample is surveyed rather than 

the entire population, there is a chance that the sample 

estimates may differ from the "true" population values 

they represent. The exact difference, or sampling error, 

varies depending on the particular sample selected, and 

this variability is measured by the standard error of the 

estimate. BLS analysis is generally conducted at the 90-

percent level of confidence. That means that there is a 90-

percent chance, or level of confidence, that an estimate 

based on a sample will differ by no more than 1.6 

standard errors from the "true" population value because 

of sampling error. Sampling error estimates are available

at www.bls.gov/jlt/jolts_median_standard_errors.htm.

The JOLTS estimates also are affected by non-sampling 

error. Nonsampling error can occur for many reasons, 

including the failure to include a segment of the 

population, the inability to obtain data from all units in 

the sample, the inability or unwillingness of respondents 

to provide data on a timely basis, mistakes made by 

respondents, errors made in the collection or processing 

of the data, and errors from the employment benchmark 

data used in estimation.

Other information

Information in this release will be made available to 

sensory impaired individuals upon request. Voice phone: 

(202) 691-5200; Federal Relay Service: (800) 877-8339.
Table 1. Job openings levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted1

Industry and region

Levels (in thousands) Rates2

Mar.

2017

Nov.

2017

Dec.

2017

Jan.

2018

Feb.

2018

Mar.

2018p

Mar.

2017

Nov.

2017

Dec.

2017

Jan.

2018

Feb.

2018

Mar.

2018p

Total............................................... 5,607 5,933 5,667 6,228 6,078 6,550 3.7 3.9 3.7 4.0 3.9 4.2

INDUSTRY

Total private................................... 5,090 5,427 5,143 5,675 5,489 5,928 4.0 4.2 3.9 4.3 4.2 4.5

Mining and logging3

....................... 21 19 20 27 24 22 3.1 2.7 2.8 3.7 3.2 3.0

Construction3............................... 179 225 149 252 180 248 2.5 3.1 2.1 3.4 2.4 3.4

Manufacturing.............................. 394 391 374 424 414 391 3.1 3.0 2.9 3.3 3.2 3.0

Durable goods3

.......................... 217 248 239 273 261 248 2.7 3.1 3.0 3.4 3.2 3.0

Nondurable goods3

...................... 178 143 135 152 153 143 3.6 2.9 2.8 3.1 3.1 2.9

Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . .. 943 1,187 1,087 1,217 1,093 1,192 3.3 4.1 3.8 4.2 3.8 4.1

Wholesale trade3

........................ 181 168 188 224 174 177 3.0 2.8 3.1 3.6 2.8 2.9

Retail trade............................... 583 853 707 709 663 723 3.5 5.1 4.3 4.3 4.0 4.3

Transportation, warehousing, and

utilities3

................................. 179 166 192 283 256 293 3.1 2.8 3.2 4.7 4.2 4.8

Information3................................. 95 88 103 112 118 131 3.3 3.1 3.6 3.9 4.1 4.5

Financial activities......................... 338 349 332 355 406 396 3.9 3.9 3.8 4.0 4.5 4.4

Finance and insurance................. 265 271 253 265 339 310 4.1 4.1 3.9 4.0 5.1 4.7

Real estate and rental and leasing3

... 73 77 79 90 67 85 3.3 3.4 3.4 3.9 2.9 3.7

Professional and business services. . . .. 935 976 874 1,028 1,016 1,128 4.4 4.5 4.1 4.7 4.7 5.1

Education and health services........... 1,117 1,095 1,107 1,175 1,192 1,271 4.6 4.5 4.5 4.8 4.8 5.1

Educational services3

................... 89 100 84 106 81 105 2.4 2.6 2.2 2.8 2.1 2.8

Health care and social assistance. . .. 1,028 995 1,023 1,069 1,111 1,167 5.0 4.8 4.9 5.1 5.3 5.6

Leisure and hospitality.................... 751 865 902 878 812 879 4.5 5.1 5.3 5.1 4.8 5.1

Arts, entertainment, and recreation. .. 80 77 90 77 84 85 3.3 3.2 3.7 3.2 3.4 3.5

Accommodation and food services. .. 671 789 812 801 728 794 4.7 5.4 5.5 5.5 5.0 5.4

Other services3

............................. 317 234 196 206 234 270 5.2 3.9 3.3 3.4 3.9 4.4

Government................................... 517 506 524 553 590 622 2.3 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.6 2.7

Federal3

..................................... 81 73 79 88 69 83 2.8 2.5 2.7 3.0 2.4 2.9

State and local............................. 435 432 445 465 520 539 2.2 2.2 2.2 2.3 2.6 2.7

State and local education.............. 151 157 165 165 180 185 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.6 1.7 1.7

State and local, excluding

education3

............................. 284 275 280 300 340 354 3.0 2.9 3.0 3.2 3.6 3.7

REGION4

Northeast...................................... 1,018 973 968 1,007 1,019 1,144 3.6 3.5 3.4 3.6 3.6 4.0

South........................................... 2,092 2,138 2,011 2,216 2,182 2,292 3.8 3.8 3.6 3.9 3.9 4.1

Midwest........................................ 1,258 1,474 1,350 1,507 1,465 1,603 3.8 4.3 4.0 4.4 4.3 4.7

West............................................ 1,239 1,348 1,338 1,499 1,412 1,510 3.6 3.8 3.8 4.2 4.0 4.2

1

Job openings are the number of job openings on the last business day of the month.

2 The job openings rate is the number of job openings on the last business day of the month as a percent of total employment plus job openings.

3 No regular seasonal movements could be identified in this series; therefore, identical numbers appear for the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted

series.

4 The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New

Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia,

Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest:

Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona,

California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.

p Preliminary
Table 2. Hires levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted1

Industry and region

Levels (in thousands) Rates2

Mar.

2017

Nov.

2017

Dec.

2017

Jan.

2018

Feb.

2018

Mar.

2018p

Mar.

2017

Nov.

2017

Dec.

2017

Jan.

2018

Feb.

2018

Mar.

2018p

Total............................................... 5,297 5,514 5,524 5,574 5,511 5,425 3.6 3.7 3.7 3.8 3.7 3.7

INDUSTRY

Total private................................... 4,965 5,151 5,173 5,236 5,178 5,101 4.0 4.1 4.1 4.2 4.1 4.1

Mining and logging......................... 25 34 31 32 36 37 3.8 4.8 4.4 4.5 5.1 5.2

Construction................................ 367 357 321 353 352 324 5.3 5.1 4.5 5.0 4.9 4.5

Manufacturing.............................. 323 344 348 360 382 364 2.6 2.7 2.8 2.9 3.0 2.9

Durable goods........................... 171 197 201 212 215 217 2.2 2.5 2.6 2.7 2.7 2.8

Nondurable goods....................... 153 146 147 149 167 146 3.3 3.1 3.1 3.1 3.5 3.1

Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . .. 1,053 1,058 1,076 1,089 1,080 1,052 3.8 3.8 3.9 3.9 3.9 3.8

Wholesale trade......................... 130 142 148 151 139 139 2.2 2.4 2.5 2.5 2.3 2.3

Retail trade............................... 723 698 698 728 724 699 4.6 4.4 4.4 4.6 4.5 4.4

Transportation, warehousing, and

utilities.................................. 200 218 230 210 216 214 3.5 3.8 4.0 3.6 3.7 3.7

Information.................................. 80 79 83 79 82 83 2.9 2.8 3.0 2.9 3.0 3.0

Financial activities......................... 207 192 187 223 227 189 2.5 2.3 2.2 2.6 2.7 2.2

Finance and insurance................. 131 125 122 152 153 121 2.1 2.0 1.9 2.4 2.4 1.9

Real estate and rental and leasing. .. 76 67 65 71 73 68 3.5 3.0 2.9 3.2 3.3 3.0

Professional and business services. . . .. 1,026 1,156 1,218 1,160 1,150 1,164 5.1 5.6 5.9 5.6 5.5 5.6

Education and health services........... 669 691 666 709 673 657 2.9 3.0 2.8 3.0 2.9 2.8

Educational services.................... 85 107 111 119 88 82 2.3 2.9 3.0 3.2 2.4 2.2

Health care and social assistance. . .. 584 584 556 591 584 574 3.0 3.0 2.8 3.0 3.0 2.9

Leisure and hospitality.................... 1,007 1,038 1,021 1,027 1,028 1,014 6.3 6.4 6.3 6.3 6.3 6.2

Arts, entertainment, and recreation. .. 131 168 153 164 167 165 5.7 7.2 6.5 7.0 7.1 7.0

Accommodation and food services. .. 876 870 869 863 861 849 6.4 6.3 6.3 6.2 6.2 6.1

Other services.............................. 206 204 222 204 170 218 3.6 3.5 3.8 3.5 2.9 3.7

Government................................... 332 363 351 339 333 324 1.5 1.6 1.6 1.5 1.5 1.5

Federal...................................... 36 39 28 38 37 37 1.3 1.4 1.0 1.3 1.3 1.3

State and local............................. 295 324 322 301 296 287 1.5 1.7 1.6 1.5 1.5 1.5

State and local education.............. 142 162 167 147 145 146 1.4 1.6 1.6 1.4 1.4 1.4

State and local, excluding

education.............................. 154 162 155 154 151 141 1.7 1.8 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.5

REGION3

Northeast...................................... 846 808 790 817 802 778 3.1 3.0 2.9 3.0 2.9 2.9

South........................................... 2,080 2,264 2,221 2,266 2,138 2,155 3.9 4.2 4.1 4.2 4.0 4.0

Midwest........................................ 1,169 1,167 1,219 1,203 1,238 1,234 3.6 3.6 3.7 3.7 3.8 3.8

West............................................ 1,202 1,274 1,293 1,288 1,333 1,258 3.6 3.8 3.8 3.8 3.9 3.7

1 Hires are the number of hires during the entire month.

2 The hires rate is the number of hires during the entire month as a percent of total employment.

3 The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New

Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia,

Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest:

Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona,

California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.

p Preliminary
Table 3. Total separations levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted1

Industry and region

Levels (in thousands) Rates2

Mar.

2017

Nov.

2017

Dec.

2017

Jan.

2018

Feb.

2018

Mar.

2018p

Mar.

2017

Nov.

2017

Dec.

2017

Jan.

2018

Feb.

2018

Mar.

2018p

Total............................................... 5,172 5,254 5,314 5,319 5,173 5,291 3.5 3.6 3.6 3.6 3.5 3.6

INDUSTRY

Total private................................... 4,860 4,897 4,959 4,989 4,844 4,967 3.9 3.9 4.0 4.0 3.9 3.9

Mining and logging......................... 25 29 31 31 32 36 3.8 4.2 4.5 4.4 4.4 4.9

Construction................................ 368 330 291 337 305 343 5.3 4.7 4.1 4.7 4.3 4.8

Manufacturing.............................. 321 325 337 343 350 352 2.6 2.6 2.7 2.7 2.8 2.8

Durable goods........................... 175 177 189 195 192 203 2.3 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.4 2.6

Nondurable goods....................... 146 148 148 148 159 148 3.1 3.1 3.1 3.1 3.3 3.1

Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . .. 1,066 1,015 1,050 1,061 1,010 1,049 3.9 3.7 3.8 3.8 3.6 3.8

Wholesale trade......................... 133 121 143 149 135 130 2.3 2.0 2.4 2.5 2.3 2.2

Retail trade............................... 749 696 686 714 672 719 4.7 4.4 4.3 4.5 4.2 4.5

Transportation, warehousing, and

utilities.................................. 184 198 221 198 202 201 3.2 3.4 3.8 3.4 3.5 3.4

Information.................................. 78 73 88 93 84 78 2.8 2.6 3.2 3.4 3.0 2.8

Financial activities......................... 198 173 172 212 199 180 2.4 2.0 2.0 2.5 2.3 2.1

Finance and insurance................. 120 133 121 147 148 114 1.9 2.1 1.9 2.3 2.3 1.8

Real estate and rental and leasing. .. 78 40 51 65 51 66 3.6 1.8 2.3 2.9 2.3 3.0

Professional and business services. . . .. 992 1,158 1,180 1,074 1,081 1,144 4.9 5.6 5.7 5.2 5.2 5.5

Education and health services........... 624 637 626 656 644 610 2.7 2.7 2.7 2.8 2.7 2.6

Educational services.................... 80 85 98 89 96 82 2.2 2.3 2.6 2.4 2.6 2.2

Health care and social assistance. . .. 544 552 529 566 548 529 2.8 2.8 2.7 2.9 2.8 2.7

Leisure and hospitality.................... 992 992 981 988 984 975 6.2 6.1 6.0 6.1 6.1 6.0

Arts, entertainment, and recreation. .. 145 165 142 157 157 155 6.3 7.1 6.0 6.7 6.7 6.6

Accommodation and food services. .. 847 827 839 831 827 820 6.2 6.0 6.1 6.0 5.9 5.9

Other services.............................. 196 166 204 195 155 199 3.4 2.8 3.5 3.3 2.7 3.4

Government................................... 312 357 354 330 330 324 1.4 1.6 1.6 1.5 1.5 1.5

Federal...................................... 38 39 36 32 41 39 1.4 1.4 1.3 1.1 1.5 1.4

State and local............................. 274 318 319 298 288 285 1.4 1.6 1.6 1.5 1.5 1.5

State and local education.............. 129 156 165 156 142 144 1.2 1.5 1.6 1.5 1.4 1.4

State and local, excluding

education.............................. 144 162 153 141 147 141 1.6 1.8 1.7 1.5 1.6 1.5

REGION3

Northeast...................................... 836 830 771 813 758 778 3.1 3.1 2.8 3.0 2.8 2.9

South........................................... 2,012 2,169 2,116 2,186 2,123 2,159 3.8 4.0 3.9 4.1 3.9 4.0

Midwest........................................ 1,179 1,096 1,164 1,116 1,045 1,088 3.7 3.4 3.6 3.4 3.2 3.3

West............................................ 1,145 1,159 1,263 1,204 1,248 1,265 3.4 3.4 3.7 3.5 3.7 3.7

1 Total separations are the number of total separations during the entire month.

2 The total separations rate is the number of total separations during the entire month as a percent of total employment.

3 The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New

Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia,

Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest:

Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona,

California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.

p Preliminary
Table 4. Quits levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted1

Industry and region

Levels (in thousands) Rates2

Mar.

2017

Nov.

2017

Dec.

2017

Jan.

2018

Feb.

2018

Mar.

2018p

Mar.

2017

Nov.

2017

Dec.

2017

Jan.

2018

Feb.

2018

Mar.

2018p

Total............................................... 3,144 3,195 3,340 3,191 3,208 3,344 2.2 2.2 2.3 2.2 2.2 2.3

INDUSTRY

Total private................................... 2,971 3,011 3,164 3,023 3,045 3,181 2.4 2.4 2.5 2.4 2.4 2.5

Mining and logging......................... 13 15 17 19 21 22 1.9 2.2 2.5 2.6 2.9 3.0

Construction................................ 166 148 152 156 150 150 2.4 2.1 2.2 2.2 2.1 2.1

Manufacturing.............................. 186 196 217 214 215 219 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7

Durable goods........................... 96 108 120 117 122 128 1.2 1.4 1.5 1.5 1.6 1.6

Nondurable goods....................... 90 88 97 97 93 90 1.9 1.9 2.1 2.0 2.0 1.9

Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . .. 678 629 682 643 626 661 2.5 2.3 2.5 2.3 2.3 2.4

Wholesale trade......................... 74 84 101 88 86 86 1.3 1.4 1.7 1.5 1.4 1.4

Retail trade............................... 501 432 475 452 424 460 3.2 2.7 3.0 2.8 2.7 2.9

Transportation, warehousing, and

utilities.................................. 103 113 106 102 116 116 1.8 2.0 1.8 1.8 2.0 2.0

Information.................................. 39 46 50 50 49 45 1.4 1.6 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.6

Financial activities......................... 103 115 114 118 118 109 1.2 1.4 1.3 1.4 1.4 1.3

Finance and insurance................. 70 93 83 76 83 69 1.1 1.5 1.3 1.2 1.3 1.1

Real estate and rental and leasing3... 33 22 30 43 35 40 1.5 1.0 1.4 1.9 1.6 1.8

Professional and business services. . . .. 590 712 747 641 690 697 2.9 3.5 3.6 3.1 3.3 3.4

Education and health services........... 422 427 423 400 406 426 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.7 1.7 1.8

Educational services.................... 44 50 52 45 48 42 1.2 1.4 1.4 1.2 1.3 1.1

Health care and social assistance. . .. 377 377 370 355 358 384 1.9 1.9 1.9 1.8 1.8 1.9

Leisure and hospitality.................... 677 652 676 672 694 705 4.2 4.0 4.2 4.1 4.3 4.3

Arts, entertainment, and recreation. .. 83 64 64 79 67 78 3.6 2.7 2.7 3.4 2.9 3.3

Accommodation and food services. .. 594 588 611 593 627 627 4.4 4.3 4.4 4.3 4.5 4.5

Other services3

............................. 97 71 87 111 76 147 1.7 1.2 1.5 1.9 1.3 2.5

Government................................... 174 184 176 168 163 163 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.7

Federal...................................... 16 18 13 13 14 14 0.6 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5

State and local............................. 158 166 163 155 149 149 0.8 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8

State and local education.............. 73 84 83 80 78 77 0.7 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.7

State and local, excluding

education.............................. 85 82 80 75 71 72 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.8

REGION4

Northeast...................................... 431 438 422 431 422 426 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.5 1.6

South........................................... 1,298 1,337 1,322 1,330 1,376 1,411 2.4 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.6

Midwest........................................ 700 685 758 687 647 708 2.2 2.1 2.3 2.1 2.0 2.2

West............................................ 715 735 837 743 764 798 2.1 2.2 2.5 2.2 2.2 2.3

1 Quits are the number of quits during the entire month.

2 The quits rate is the number of quits during the entire month as a percent of total employment.

3 No regular seasonal movements could be identified in this series; therefore, identical numbers appear for the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted

series.

4 The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New

Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia,

Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest:

Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona,

California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.

p Preliminary
Table 5. Layoffs and discharges levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted1

Industry and region

Levels (in thousands) Rates2

Mar.

2017

Nov.

2017

Dec.

2017

Jan.

2018

Feb.

2018

Mar.

2018p

Mar.

2017

Nov.

2017

Dec.

2017

Jan.

2018

Feb.

2018

Mar.

2018p

Total............................................... 1,669 1,735 1,655 1,784 1,620 1,564 1.1 1.2 1.1 1.2 1.1 1.1

INDUSTRY

Total private................................... 1,590 1,627 1,534 1,677 1,516 1,470 1.3 1.3 1.2 1.3 1.2 1.2

Mining and logging3

....................... 9 13 13 12 9 13 1.3 1.8 1.9 1.7 1.3 1.7

Construction................................ 191 174 127 173 149 175 2.8 2.5 1.8 2.4 2.1 2.4

Manufacturing.............................. 112 106 101 101 114 108 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.9 0.9

Durable goods........................... 68 54 56 62 58 61 0.9 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.7 0.8

Nondurable goods....................... 44 52 44 40 57 47 0.9 1.1 0.9 0.8 1.2 1.0

Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . .. 303 310 302 329 306 288 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.2 1.1 1.0

Wholesale trade3

........................ 44 31 30 49 41 31 0.8 0.5 0.5 0.8 0.7 0.5

Retail trade............................... 190 207 171 196 193 183 1.2 1.3 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.2

Transportation, warehousing, and

utilities.................................. 68 72 101 84 73 73 1.2 1.2 1.7 1.4 1.3 1.3

Information.................................. 27 21 29 31 26 29 1.0 0.8 1.1 1.1 0.9 1.0

Financial activities......................... 66 44 42 68 52 44 0.8 0.5 0.5 0.8 0.6 0.5

Finance and insurance................. 28 27 24 47 37 24 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.7 0.6 0.4

Real estate and rental and leasing. .. 38 17 18 21 15 20 1.8 0.8 0.8 0.9 0.7 0.9

Professional and business services. . . .. 349 387 394 405 344 382 1.7 1.9 1.9 2.0 1.7 1.8

Education and health services........... 157 168 149 189 183 144 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.8 0.8 0.6

Educational services.................... 31 33 39 39 40 36 0.9 0.9 1.0 1.1 1.1 1.0

Health care and social assistance. . .. 126 136 111 150 143 108 0.6 0.7 0.6 0.8 0.7 0.5

Leisure and hospitality.................... 282 318 273 295 270 253 1.8 2.0 1.7 1.8 1.7 1.6

Arts, entertainment, and recreation. .. 59 96 75 76 87 74 2.6 4.1 3.2 3.2 3.7 3.1

Accommodation and food services. .. 223 221 198 219 183 179 1.6 1.6 1.4 1.6 1.3 1.3

Other services.............................. 94 86 104 75 63 36 1.6 1.5 1.8 1.3 1.1 0.6

Government................................... 79 108 121 106 104 95 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.4

Federal...................................... 12 13 12 12 14 12 0.4 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.4

State and local............................. 67 95 109 94 90 82 0.3 0.5 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.4

State and local education.............. 32 47 58 54 40 40 0.3 0.5 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.4

State and local, excluding

education.............................. 35 48 51 41 50 43 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.4 0.6 0.5

REGION4

Northeast...................................... 326 331 287 334 280 285 1.2 1.2 1.1 1.2 1.0 1.0

South........................................... 580 709 678 733 620 606 1.1 1.3 1.3 1.4 1.1 1.1

Midwest........................................ 415 345 336 355 334 309 1.3 1.1 1.0 1.1 1.0 0.9

West............................................ 348 350 353 361 385 365 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.1 1.1 1.1

1

Layoffs and discharges are the number of layoffs and discharges during the entire month.

2 The layoffs and discharges rate is the number of layoffs and discharges during the entire month as a percent of total employment.

3 No regular seasonal movements could be identified in this series; therefore, identical numbers appear for the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted

series.

4 The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New

Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia,

Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest:

Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona,

California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.

p Preliminary
Table 6. Other separations levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted1

Industry and region

Levels (in thousands) Rates2

Mar.

2017

Nov.

2017

Dec.

2017

Jan.

2018

Feb.

2018

Mar.

2018p

Mar.

2017

Nov.

2017

Dec.

2017

Jan.

2018

Feb.

2018

Mar.

2018p

Total............................................... 359 325 318 344 346 382 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3

INDUSTRY

Total private................................... 299 260 261 289 283 315 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3

Mining and logging......................... 4 1 1 1 1 1 0.6 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.1

Construction3

............................... 11 8 12 8 7 19 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.3

Manufacturing.............................. 23 24 19 28 21 25 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2

Durable goods........................... 11 15 12 16 12 14 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2

Nondurable goods3...................... 11 9 7 12 8 11 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.3 0.2 0.2

Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . .. 85 77 66 90 77 100 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.4

Wholesale trade......................... 14 6 13 12 8 13 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.2

Retail trade............................... 58 57 39 66 56 76 0.4 0.4 0.2 0.4 0.3 0.5

Transportation, warehousing, and

utilities3

................................. 13 13 14 12 13 11 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2

Information3................................. 12 6 8 11 9 5 0.4 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.3 0.2

Financial activities......................... 28 14 17 26 30 27 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.3

Finance and insurance................. 22 13 13 24 28 21 0.4 0.2 0.2 0.4 0.4 0.3

Real estate and rental and leasing3... 6 1 3 2 2 6 0.3 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.3

Professional and business services. . . .. 53 58 39 29 47 65 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.3

Education and health services........... 45 41 55 66 55 40 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.2

Educational services3................... 4 2 7 5 8 3 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.1

Health care and social assistance3

. .. 41 39 48 61 47 37 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.2

Leisure and hospitality.................... 33 22 32 21 20 17 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1

Arts, entertainment, and recreation3

... 3 5 3 2 3 3 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1

Accommodation and food services3... 30 17 29 19 17 14 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1

Other services3............................. 5 9 13 9 16 16 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.3 0.3

Government................................... 59 65 57 56 63 67 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.3 0.3

Federal...................................... 11 8 11 7 14 13 0.4 0.3 0.4 0.2 0.5 0.4

State and local............................. 49 57 47 49 49 54 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.3

State and local education.............. 24 24 25 23 24 27 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3

State and local, excluding

education.............................. 24 33 22 26 25 27 0.3 0.4 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.3

REGION4

Northeast...................................... 79 61 61 48 56 67 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2

South........................................... 134 124 115 123 127 142 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3

Midwest........................................ 65 66 70 74 64 71 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2

West............................................ 82 74 72 100 99 102 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.3

1 Other separations are the number of other separations during the entire month.

2 The other separations rate is the number of other separations during the entire month as a percent of total employment.

3 No regular seasonal movements could be identified in this series; therefore, identical numbers appear for the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted

series.

4 The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New

Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia,

Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest:

Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona,

California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.

p Preliminary

NOTE: Levels are rounded to the nearest thousand and rates are rounded to the nearest tenth. Levels and rates may round down to zero.
Table 7. Job openings levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted1

Industry and region

Levels (in thousands) Rates2

Mar.

2017

Feb.

2018

Mar.

2018p

Mar.

2017

Feb.

2018

Mar.

2018p

Total..................................................................... 5,476 5,897 6,469 3.6 3.9 4.2

INDUSTRY

Total private.......................................................... 4,972 5,323 5,853 3.9 4.1 4.5

Mining and logging............................................... 21 24 22 3.1 3.3 3.0

Construction....................................................... 179 180 248 2.6 2.6 3.5

Manufacturing..................................................... 394 414 391 3.1 3.2 3.0

Durable goods.................................................. 217 261 248 2.7 3.2 3.1

Nondurable goods............................................. 178 153 143 3.7 3.2 3.0

Trade, transportation, and utilities.............................. 917 1,021 1,169 3.3 3.6 4.1

Wholesale trade................................................ 181 174 177 3.0 2.9 2.9

Retail trade..................................................... 557 591 700 3.4 3.6 4.3

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities.................. 179 256 293 3.1 4.3 4.8

Information........................................................ 95 118 131 3.3 4.1 4.5

Financial activities................................................ 314 399 378 3.6 4.5 4.3

Finance and insurance........................................ 241 332 292 3.7 5.0 4.4

Real estate and rental and leasing.......................... 73 67 85 3.3 3.0 3.7

Professional and business services............................ 893 941 1,100 4.3 4.4 5.1

Education and health services.................................. 1,060 1,178 1,226 4.4 4.8 4.9

Educational services.......................................... 89 81 105 2.3 2.1 2.6

Health care and social assistance........................... 971 1,097 1,121 4.8 5.3 5.4

Leisure and hospitality........................................... 781 813 918 4.8 5.0 5.5

Arts, entertainment, and recreation.......................... 87 77 97 3.9 3.5 4.3

Accommodation and food services.......................... 694 736 821 4.9 5.2 5.7

Other services.................................................... 317 234 270 5.3 3.9 4.5

Government.......................................................... 504 574 616 2.2 2.5 2.6

Federal............................................................. 81 69 83 2.8 2.4 2.9

State and local.................................................... 423 505 533 2.1 2.5 2.6

State and local education..................................... 139 164 179 1.3 1.5 1.6

State and local, excluding education........................ 284 340 354 3.1 3.6 3.8

REGION3

Northeast............................................................. 973 971 1,111 3.5 3.5 3.9

South................................................................. 2,067 2,128 2,284 3.8 3.8 4.1

Midwest............................................................... 1,245 1,435 1,610 3.7 4.2 4.7

West.................................................................. 1,190 1,364 1,464 3.4 3.9 4.1

1

Job openings are the number of job openings on the last business day of the month.

2 The job openings rate is the number of job openings on the last business day of the month as a percent of total employment plus job openings.

3 The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New

Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia,

Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest:

Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona,

California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.

p Preliminary
Table 8. Hires levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted1

Industry and region

Levels (in thousands) Rates2

Mar.

2017

Feb.

2018

Mar.

2018p

Mar.

2017

Feb.

2018

Mar.

2018p

Total..................................................................... 4,985 4,612 5,074 3.4 3.1 3.4

INDUSTRY

Total private.......................................................... 4,729 4,364 4,832 3.9 3.5 3.9

Mining and logging............................................... 25 29 38 3.8 4.2 5.3

Construction....................................................... 362 298 314 5.5 4.4 4.6

Manufacturing..................................................... 309 337 348 2.5 2.7 2.8

Durable goods.................................................. 167 192 215 2.2 2.5 2.7

Nondurable goods............................................. 142 145 134 3.0 3.1 2.8

Trade, transportation, and utilities.............................. 1,024 888 1,017 3.8 3.2 3.7

Wholesale trade................................................ 135 123 143 2.3 2.1 2.4

Retail trade..................................................... 720 604 695 4.6 3.9 4.4

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities.................. 168 162 179 3.0 2.8 3.1

Information........................................................ 70 70 73 2.5 2.5 2.6

Financial activities................................................ 198 192 177 2.4 2.3 2.1

Finance and insurance........................................ 121 137 109 2.0 2.2 1.7

Real estate and rental and leasing.......................... 76 56 68 3.6 2.6 3.1

Professional and business services............................ 964 1,017 1,101 4.8 5.0 5.4

Education and health services.................................. 594 563 573 2.6 2.4 2.4

Educational services.......................................... 53 67 48 1.4 1.7 1.2

Health care and social assistance........................... 541 495 525 2.8 2.5 2.7

Leisure and hospitality........................................... 1,004 828 999 6.5 5.3 6.3

Arts, entertainment, and recreation.......................... 123 109 154 5.8 5.2 7.1

Accommodation and food services.......................... 881 719 845 6.6 5.3 6.2

Other services.................................................... 180 141 192 3.1 2.4 3.3

Government.......................................................... 257 248 243 1.1 1.1 1.1

Federal............................................................. 36 29 35 1.3 1.1 1.3

State and local.................................................... 221 219 207 1.1 1.1 1.0

State and local education..................................... 80 109 80 0.7 1.0 0.7

State and local, excluding education........................ 141 110 127 1.6 1.2 1.4

REGION3

Northeast............................................................. 776 613 699 2.9 2.3 2.6

South................................................................. 1,986 1,869 2,044 3.8 3.5 3.8

Midwest............................................................... 1,113 996 1,182 3.5 3.1 3.6

West.................................................................. 1,110 1,135 1,149 3.3 3.4 3.4

1 Hires are the number of hires during the entire month.

2 The hires rate is the number of hires during the entire month as a percent of total employment.

3 The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New

Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia,

Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest:

Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona,

California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.

p Preliminary
Table 9. Total separations levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted1

Industry and region

Levels (in thousands) Rates2

Mar.

2017

Feb.

2018

Mar.

2018p

Mar.

2017

Feb.

2018

Mar.

2018p

Total..................................................................... 4,545 4,175 4,683 3.1 2.8 3.2

INDUSTRY

Total private.......................................................... 4,322 3,973 4,464 3.5 3.2 3.6

Mining and logging............................................... 24 29 33 3.7 4.1 4.7

Construction....................................................... 322 239 305 4.9 3.5 4.4

Manufacturing..................................................... 303 300 333 2.5 2.4 2.6

Durable goods.................................................. 164 165 193 2.1 2.1 2.5

Nondurable goods............................................. 139 134 140 3.0 2.9 3.0

Trade, transportation, and utilities.............................. 958 845 942 3.5 3.1 3.4

Wholesale trade................................................ 133 115 128 2.3 1.9 2.2

Retail trade..................................................... 668 581 643 4.3 3.7 4.1

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities.................. 157 149 171 2.8 2.6 3.0

Information........................................................ 72 71 72 2.6 2.6 2.6

Financial activities................................................ 186 163 169 2.2 1.9 2.0

Finance and insurance........................................ 118 116 108 1.9 1.8 1.7

Real estate and rental and leasing.......................... 68 47 61 3.2 2.1 2.8

Professional and business services............................ 887 926 1,041 4.4 4.5 5.1

Education and health services.................................. 562 514 550 2.4 2.2 2.3

Educational services.......................................... 51 57 51 1.3 1.5 1.3

Health care and social assistance........................... 511 457 499 2.6 2.3 2.5

Leisure and hospitality........................................... 836 747 828 5.4 4.8 5.2

Arts, entertainment, and recreation.......................... 103 80 112 4.9 3.8 5.2

Accommodation and food services.......................... 733 667 716 5.5 4.9 5.2

Other services.................................................... 172 139 189 3.0 2.4 3.3

Government.......................................................... 223 203 219 1.0 0.9 1.0

Federal............................................................. 33 34 33 1.2 1.2 1.2

State and local.................................................... 190 169 186 1.0 0.8 0.9

State and local education..................................... 72 70 77 0.7 0.6 0.7

State and local, excluding education........................ 119 99 108 1.3 1.1 1.2

REGION3

Northeast............................................................. 679 574 624 2.5 2.1 2.3

South................................................................. 1,814 1,747 1,951 3.4 3.3 3.6

Midwest............................................................... 1,026 836 958 3.2 2.6 2.9

West.................................................................. 1,027 1,019 1,149 3.1 3.0 3.4

1 Total separations are the number of total separations during the entire month.

2 The total separations rate is the number of total separations during the entire month as a percent of total employment.

3 The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New

Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia,

Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest:

Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona,

California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.

p Preliminary
Table 10. Quits levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted1

Industry and region

Levels (in thousands) Rates2

Mar.

2017

Feb.

2018

Mar.

2018p

Mar.

2017

Feb.

2018

Mar.

2018p

Total..................................................................... 2,847 2,670 3,058 2.0 1.8 2.1

INDUSTRY

Total private.......................................................... 2,710 2,557 2,934 2.2 2.1 2.4

Mining and logging............................................... 11 19 20 1.7 2.7 2.8

Construction....................................................... 149 120 135 2.3 1.8 2.0

Manufacturing..................................................... 179 181 209 1.5 1.4 1.7

Durable goods.................................................. 90 101 122 1.2 1.3 1.6

Nondurable goods............................................. 89 80 87 1.9 1.7 1.8

Trade, transportation, and utilities.............................. 632 518 618 2.3 1.9 2.3

Wholesale trade................................................ 74 68 84 1.3 1.1 1.4

Retail trade..................................................... 462 354 425 3.0 2.3 2.7

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities.................. 96 97 109 1.7 1.7 1.9

Information........................................................ 34 44 40 1.2 1.6 1.5

Financial activities................................................ 105 100 108 1.3 1.2 1.3

Finance and insurance........................................ 71 65 68 1.1 1.0 1.1

Real estate and rental and leasing.......................... 33 35 40 1.6 1.6 1.8

Professional and business services............................ 530 603 636 2.6 2.9 3.1

Education and health services.................................. 384 333 393 1.7 1.4 1.7

Educational services.......................................... 31 32 28 0.8 0.8 0.7

Health care and social assistance........................... 353 301 365 1.8 1.5 1.8

Leisure and hospitality........................................... 588 564 627 3.8 3.6 4.0

Arts, entertainment, and recreation.......................... 59 41 61 2.8 2.0 2.8

Accommodation and food services.......................... 530 522 566 4.0 3.9 4.1

Other services.................................................... 97 76 147 1.7 1.3 2.5

Government.......................................................... 137 113 124 0.6 0.5 0.5

Federal............................................................. 14 13 13 0.5 0.5 0.5

State and local.................................................... 123 100 112 0.6 0.5 0.6

State and local education..................................... 46 44 48 0.4 0.4 0.4

State and local, excluding education........................ 77 56 64 0.9 0.6 0.7

REGION3

Northeast............................................................. 365 341 356 1.4 1.3 1.3

South................................................................. 1,203 1,159 1,324 2.3 2.2 2.5

Midwest............................................................... 624 535 642 1.9 1.6 2.0

West.................................................................. 654 635 737 2.0 1.9 2.2

1 Quits are the number of quits during the entire month.

2 The quits rate is the number of quits during the entire month as a percent of total employment.

3 The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New

Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia,

Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest:

Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona,

California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.

p Preliminary
Table 11. Layoffs and discharges levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted1

Industry and region

Levels (in thousands) Rates2

Mar.

2017

Feb.

2018

Mar.

2018p

Mar.

2017

Feb.

2018

Mar.

2018p

Total..................................................................... 1,376 1,201 1,278 0.9 0.8 0.9

INDUSTRY

Total private.......................................................... 1,333 1,152 1,234 1.1 0.9 1.0

Mining and logging............................................... 9 9 13 1.4 1.3 1.8

Construction....................................................... 161 113 152 2.4 1.7 2.2

Manufacturing..................................................... 101 100 99 0.8 0.8 0.8

Durable goods.................................................. 62 54 57 0.8 0.7 0.7

Nondurable goods............................................. 39 46 42 0.8 1.0 0.9

Trade, transportation, and utilities.............................. 252 255 235 0.9 0.9 0.9

Wholesale trade................................................ 44 41 31 0.8 0.7 0.5

Retail trade..................................................... 159 175 154 1.0 1.1 1.0

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities.................. 49 39 50 0.9 0.7 0.9

Information........................................................ 25 17 27 0.9 0.6 1.0

Financial activities................................................ 59 40 40 0.7 0.5 0.5

Finance and insurance........................................ 30 30 25 0.5 0.5 0.4

Real estate and rental and leasing.......................... 28 10 14 1.3 0.5 0.6

Professional and business services............................ 308 280 342 1.5 1.4 1.7

Education and health services.................................. 133 127 117 0.6 0.5 0.5

Educational services.......................................... 16 18 20 0.4 0.5 0.5

Health care and social assistance........................... 117 109 97 0.6 0.6 0.5

Leisure and hospitality........................................... 215 164 184 1.4 1.1 1.2

Arts, entertainment, and recreation.......................... 42 36 48 2.0 1.7 2.2

Accommodation and food services.......................... 173 128 136 1.3 0.9 1.0

Other services.................................................... 70 47 26 1.2 0.8 0.5

Government.......................................................... 43 49 45 0.2 0.2 0.2

Federal............................................................. 10 10 10 0.3 0.4 0.4

State and local.................................................... 34 39 35 0.2 0.2 0.2

State and local education..................................... 14 15 16 0.1 0.1 0.1

State and local, excluding education........................ 20 24 19 0.2 0.3 0.2

REGION3

Northeast............................................................. 240 181 206 0.9 0.7 0.8

South................................................................. 500 474 507 0.9 0.9 0.9

Midwest............................................................... 349 252 258 1.1 0.8 0.8

West.................................................................. 288 293 307 0.9 0.9 0.9

1

Layoffs and discharges are the number of layoffs and discharges during the entire month.

2 The layoffs and discharges rate is the number of layoffs and discharges during the entire month as a percent of total employment.

3 The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New

Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia,

Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest:

Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona,

California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.

p Preliminary
Table 12. Other separations levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted1

Industry and region

Levels (in thousands) Rates2

Mar.

2017

Feb.

2018

Mar.

2018p

Mar.

2017

Feb.

2018

Mar.

2018p

Total..................................................................... 322 305 346 0.2 0.2 0.2

INDUSTRY

Total private.......................................................... 279 264 297 0.2 0.2 0.2

Mining and logging............................................... 5 1 1 0.7 0.2 0.2

Construction....................................................... 11 7 19 0.2 0.1 0.3

Manufacturing..................................................... 23 18 25 0.2 0.1 0.2

Durable goods.................................................. 11 10 14 0.1 0.1 0.2

Nondurable goods............................................. 11 8 11 0.2 0.2 0.2

Trade, transportation, and utilities.............................. 74 71 89 0.3 0.3 0.3

Wholesale trade................................................ 14 6 13 0.2 0.1 0.2

Retail trade..................................................... 47 52 64 0.3 0.3 0.4

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities.................. 13 13 11 0.2 0.2 0.2

Information........................................................ 12 9 5 0.4 0.3 0.2

Financial activities................................................ 22 23 22 0.3 0.3 0.3

Finance and insurance........................................ 16 22 15 0.3 0.3 0.2

Real estate and rental and leasing.......................... 6 2 6 0.3 0.1 0.3

Professional and business services............................ 50 43 63 0.2 0.2 0.3

Education and health services.................................. 45 55 40 0.2 0.2 0.2

Educational services.......................................... 4 8 3 0.1 0.2 0.1

Health care and social assistance........................... 41 47 37 0.2 0.2 0.2

Leisure and hospitality........................................... 33 20 17 0.2 0.1 0.1

Arts, entertainment, and recreation.......................... 3 3 3 0.1 0.1 0.2

Accommodation and food services.......................... 30 17 14 0.2 0.1 0.1

Other services.................................................... 5 16 16 0.1 0.3 0.3

Government.......................................................... 43 41 50 0.2 0.2 0.2

Federal............................................................. 9 11 11 0.3 0.4 0.4

State and local.................................................... 34 30 39 0.2 0.2 0.2

State and local education..................................... 12 11 14 0.1 0.1 0.1

State and local, excluding education........................ 22 19 25 0.2 0.2 0.3

REGION3

Northeast............................................................. 73 51 62 0.3 0.2 0.2

South................................................................. 111 114 121 0.2 0.2 0.2

Midwest............................................................... 53 49 58 0.2 0.2 0.2

West.................................................................. 84 91 105 0.3 0.3 0.3

1 Other separations are the number of other separations during the entire month.

2 The other separations rate is the number of other separations during the entire month as a percent of total employment.

3 The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New

Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia,

Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest:

Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona,

California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.

p Preliminary

NOTE: Levels are rounded to the nearest thousand and rates are rounded to the nearest tenth. Levels and rates may round down to zero.