For release 10:00 a.m. (ET) Thursday, May 26, 2022 USDL-22-0993

Technical information: (202) 691-5606 • productivity@bls.gov • www.bls.gov/productivity

Media contact: (202) 691-5902 • PressOffice@bls.gov

PRODUCTIVITY BY STATE – 2021

Labor productivity in the private nonfarm sector rose in 39 states and the District of Columbia in 2021, 

the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today. Output increased in all 50 states and the District of 

Columbia in 2021, following a year of decline for all areas. Hours worked increased in all 50 states but 

declined in the District of Columbia. Washington and New Hampshire experienced the highest growth 

in labor productivity of 6.4 percent and 5.2 percent, respectively. (See chart 1 and table 1.)

Chart 1. Labor productivity by state, percent change, 2021
Chart 2 displays the states with the largest productivity gains and losses and their respective changes in 

output and hours worked in 2021.

• Two states saw productivity growth over 5.0 percent: Washington (6.4 percent) and New 

Hampshire (5.2 percent).

• Output growth exceeded 9.0 percent in three states: California (9.8 percent), Tennessee (9.8 

percent), and New Hampshire (9.3 percent).

• Nevada and Florida saw the highest growth in hours worked (9.8 percent and 9.1 percent, 

respectively).

• Two states, Arkansas and Oklahoma, saw no change to labor productivity due to gains in output 

that matched gains in hours worked. 

• Labor productivity declined in nine states (Alaska, Wyoming, Nevada, Hawaii, Rhode Island, 

Delaware, Florida, Georgia, and New Jersey) due to a more rapid increase in hours worked than in 

output. 

Chart 2. Labor productivity, output, and hours worked for select states, percent change, 2021

-4 -2 0 2 4 6 8 10

Percent Change

Output Hours

-4 -2 0 2 4 6 8 10

Alaska

Wyoming

Nevada

Rhode Island

Hawaii

Delaware

Florida

Georgia

New Jersey

Oklahoma

Illinois

Mississippi

Arizona

Utah

Minnesota

Tennessee

California

District of Columbia

New Hampshire

Washington

Percent Change

Productivity

Each state’s annual contribution to national productivity growth is calculated by multiplying the state’s 

productivity growth rate by its average share of total current dollar national output. The economic size of 

each state influences its contribution to national and regional estimates. For 2021, California had the 

largest contribution to national growth. The state’s 4.2-percent growth in labor productivity in 2021

contributed nearly one third of the 2.1-percent growth of the nation. (See chart 3.)

2
Chart 3. Contributions to national labor productivity, 2021

0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5

North Carolina

Minnesota

Massachusetts

Tennessee

Ohio

Pennsylvania

Illinois

New York

Washington

California

National

National productivity growth equals the sum of the 

contributions of each state. This chart shows the 10 states 

with the largest contributions.

2019-21 trends

While increases in output and hours worked were widespread in 2021, not all areas have fully recovered 

to levels seen before the COVID-19 pandemic.

• Output surpassed 2019 levels in 37 states in 2021. 

• Idaho and Utah share the highest average annual output growth rate (3.7 percent). 

• Hours worked were still below 2019 levels in 40 states and the District of Columbia. 

• Hawaii saw the largest decrease in hours worked (-5.8 percent); Idaho experienced the largest 

increase (3.7 percent).

• Labor productivity increased in all but two states – Oklahoma and Wyoming. (See table 3).

Seventeen states and the District of Columbia experienced average annual labor productivity growth 

faster than the national rate of 2.5 percent. Chart 4 shows the changes in labor productivity, output, and 

hours worked for these states. 

• Of these 17 states, Utah was the only state that also experienced an increase in hours worked. 

• The remaining 16 areas had declines in hours worked that outpaced that of the nation (-1.3

percent). 

• Three areas – California, Washington, and the District of Columbia – saw productivity growth of 

more than 5.0 percent.

• North Dakota, Vermont, and the District of Columbia had declines in both output and hours 

worked. 

3
Chart 4. Labor productivity, output, and hours worked for select states, percent change, 2019-21

-8 -4 0 4 8

National

Kansas

Missouri

New Mexico

North Dakota

Mississippi

Iowa

Maine

Utah

Pennsylvania

Michigan

Vermont

Oregon

New York

Massachusetts

New Hampshire

California

Washington

District of Columbia

Average Annual Percent Change

Productivity Output Hours

Long term trends

Chart 5 shows the average annual percent change in labor productivity for all 50 states and the District of 

Columbia for the period 2007-21. (See table 2.)

Chart 5. Labor productivity by state, average annual percent change, 2007-21

4
• From 2007 to 2021, labor productivity rose in 47 states and the District of Columbia. 

• Output grew in 46 states and the District of Columbia while hours worked grew in 25 states and 

the District of Columbia. 

• North Dakota experienced the highest rate of labor productivity growth of 3.4 percent. Louisiana 

and Wyoming posted slight declines over the long term and Alaska saw no growth.

• In 2020, every state saw declines in output and all but one state saw declines in hours worked, 

closely mirroring the recession years of 2007-09. Chart 6 shows that 2021 was a year of recovery 

with all areas experiencing growth in output and hours worked increased in all states.

Chart 6. Number of states with increases in labor productivity, output, and hours worked, 2007-21

0

10

20

30

40

50

2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021

Labor productivity Output Hours worked

Note: Shaded areas denote years that include recessions 

Number of States

Chart 7 shows states with the highest contribution to the national average annual percent change in labor 

productivity from 2007 to 2021. California, New York, and Texas, which have the largest economies, 

contributed the most to national productivity growth, over 40 percent of the 1.4-percent increase. (See 

Table 4.)

Chart 7. Contributions to national labor productivity, average annual percent change, 2007-21

0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2 1.4 1.6

Georgia

Virginia

Florida

Illinois

Massachusetts

Pennsylvania

Washington

Texas

New York

California

National

National productivity growth equals the sum of the 

contributions of each state. This chart shows the 10 states 

with the largest contributions.

5
Additional Information

Output and compensation measures for 2020 and earlier years reflect revisions to GDP by state and 

industry data published by the Bureau of Economic Analysis. Hours and employment data through 2020

have been revised to incorporate the BLS 2021 Current Employment Statistics benchmark.

Access the following productivity data at www.bls.gov/productivity/tables/labor-productivity-by-stateand-region.xlsx:

• Detailed data series: indexes of productivity and related measures; rates of change; and levels of state

employment, hours worked, value-added output, and labor compensation 

• Additional years and long-term data

Subscribe to productivity news releases on the BLS website at 

https://public.govdelivery.com/accounts/USDOLBLS/subscriber/new.

If you are deaf, hard of hearing, or have a speech disability, please dial 7-1-1 to access 

telecommunications relay services.

6
Technical Note

Labor Productivity: Labor productivity describes the relationship between real output and the labor 

hours involved in its production. These measures show the changes from period to period in the amount 

of goods and services produced per hour worked. Although the labor productivity measures relate output 

in a state to hours worked of all persons in that state, they do not measure the specific contribution of labor 

to growth in output. Rather, they reflect the joint effects of many influences, including: changes in 

technology; capital investment; utilization of capacity, energy, and materials; the use of purchased services 

inputs, including contract employment services; the organization of production; the characteristics and 

effort of the workforce; and managerial skill. 

Output: Measures of real value-added output for the private nonfarm sector are created using GDP by 

state and industry data published by the Bureau of Economic Analysis (BEA). BEA does not produce a 

private nonfarm sector measure of real output by state. To create the necessary output series, several 

industry components are subtracted — the farm sector, private households, and owner-occupied housing 

— from GDP by state using a Fisher ideal index formula. 

Labor Hours: Hours are the number of hours worked by all employed persons, including wage and salary 

workers, self-employed persons, and unpaid family workers. Hours for wage and salary workers are 

primarily from BLS Current Employment Statistics (CES) and hours for self-employed and unpaid family

workers are from the BLS Current Population Survey (CPS). The hours are adjusted from an hours paid 

basis to an hours worked basis using data from the BLS National Compensation Survey (NCS).

Unit Labor Costs: Unit labor costs represent the cost of labor required to produce one unit of output. The 

unit labor cost indexes are computed by dividing an index of nominal industry labor compensation by an 

index of real industry output. Unit labor costs also describe the relationship between compensation per 

hour worked (hourly compensation) and real output per hour worked (labor productivity). When hourly 

compensation growth outpaces productivity, unit labor costs increase. Alternatively, when productivity 

growth exceeds hourly compensation, unit labor costs decrease.

Labor Compensation: Labor compensation, defined as payroll plus supplemental payments, is a 

measure of the cost to the employer of securing the services of labor. Labor compensation measures are 

constructed using BEA nonfarm compensation less private household compensation. Compensation for 

self-employed and unpaid family workers are imputed by assuming that hourly compensation for these 

workers is the same as the average wage and salary worker in each state. 

Contributions to Labor Productivity: Each state’s contribution to national productivity growth is 

calculated by multiplying the state’s productivity growth rate by its average share of total current dollar 

national output. Adding up these contributions will approximate, but may not exactly equal, growth rates 

of national productivity. Contributions measures used in this release capture the effects of within-state 

productivity changes but do not include the effects of shifting shares of output and labor among states.

7
Table 1. Recent labor productivity and related data, private nonfarm sector

2021 Percent change, 2020-21

Area Name Employment

(thousands)

Labor

productivity Output Hours Unit laborworked costs

Labor

compensation

Hourly

compensation

States

Alabama......................................

Alaska........................................

Arizona.......................................

Arkansas.....................................

California.....................................

Colorado......................................

Connecticut..................................

Delaware.....................................

District of Columbia..........................

Florida........................................

Georgia.......................................

Hawaii........................................

Idaho..........................................

Illinois.........................................

Indiana........................................

Iowa...........................................

Kansas.......................................

Kentucky.....................................

Louisiana.....................................

Maine.........................................

Maryland.....................................

Massachusetts...............................

Michigan......................................

Minnesota....................................

Mississippi....................................

Missouri......................................

Montana......................................

Nebraska.....................................

Nevada.......................................

New Hampshire..............................

New Jersey...................................

New Mexico..................................

New York.....................................

North Carolina...............................

North Dakota.................................

Ohio...........................................

Oklahoma....................................

Oregon.......................................

Pennsylvania.................................

Rhode Island.................................

South Carolina...............................

South Dakota................................

Tennessee...................................

Texas.........................................

Utah...........................................

Vermont......................................

Virginia.......................................

Washington..................................

West Virginia.................................

Wisconsin....................................

Wyoming.....................................

Regions

Midwest.......................................

Northeast.....................................

South.........................................

West..........................................

1,775.796

262.635

2,790.263

1,158.640

15,875.602

2,540.081

1,538.798

404.929

518.028

8,524.066

4,221.017

511.816

747.266

5,326.186

2,873.899

1,372.511

1,202.725

1,709.814

1,698.722

588.965

2,313.167

3,288.895

3,834.613

2,612.443

975.093

2,588.684

452.731

903.020

1,290.577

626.895

3,655.523

697.339

8,106.782

4,221.382

353.521

4,914.708

1,447.856

1,768.132

5,392.391

444.997

1,927.745

395.987

2,924.910

11,749.004

1,445.634

269.890

3,437.901

3,071.488

573.943

2,705.469

233.358

29,083.765

23,913.137

49,582.014

31,686.923

1.5

-3.0

3.0

0.0

4.2

1.4

1.5

-0.7

4.6

-0.5

-0.4

-0.8

2.3

2.8

2.2

2.1

1.4

1.4

0.8

0.5

1.3

2.5

1.9

3.7

2.9

2.7

1.7

0.5

-1.0

5.2

-0.1

1.0

1.8

2.3

0.4

2.5

0.0

2.4

2.6

-0.8

0.7

2.0

4.2

0.7

3.1

2.6

2.5

6.4

0.1

0.2

-2.9

2.2

1.8

1.0

3.6

4.9

0.2

6.8

5.7

9.8

7.1

5.0

4.5

3.5

8.5

6.7

6.9

8.8

5.8

8.1

4.4

3.2

5.6

2.9

6.3

4.3

7.7

7.3

6.6

5.1

5.2

8.1

3.2

8.7

9.3

6.0

4.4

6.0

8.5

1.4

5.1

2.5

6.4

5.6

6.5

6.9

5.8

9.8

6.4

7.8

5.1

5.1

8.3

4.3

4.6

1.4

5.7

6.2

6.5

8.7

3.4

3.3

3.8

5.7

5.3

5.6

3.5

5.2

-1.0

9.1

7.1

7.7

6.4

3.0

5.8

2.3

1.8

4.2

2.2

5.8

2.9

5.0

5.4

2.8

2.1

2.4

6.3

2.7

9.8

3.9

6.2

3.4

4.1

6.0

1.0

2.5

2.5

3.9

2.9

7.4

6.2

3.6

5.5

5.7

4.6

2.5

2.6

1.8

4.2

4.4

4.4

3.5

4.3

5.5

4.9

3.7

4.6

2.7

5.0

5.2

4.7

2.8

4.6

1.6

7.5

5.8

5.4

4.9

2.8

3.3

1.6

3.1

4.0

5.5

4.6

4.7

2.3

1.7

0.7

2.2

2.6

4.9

4.5

6.5

6.1

3.7

3.8

2.1

4.0

2.9

2.2

3.8

5.0

2.3

2.7

5.2

2.8

2.5

4.4

2.7

3.0

2.1

2.6

4.0

5.0

6.8

2.6

2.6

4.7

4.6

8.7

4.8

9.7

11.1

15.5

12.1

7.9

9.3

5.2

16.7

12.9

12.7

14.1

8.8

11.6

6.1

6.4

9.9

8.6

11.2

9.2

10.1

9.1

7.4

7.4

7.8

13.4

7.8

15.8

16.0

10.0

8.4

8.3

12.8

4.4

7.3

6.4

11.7

8.0

9.4

12.5

8.7

12.5

11.1

10.7

8.2

7.3

11.1

8.5

9.8

8.3

8.4

9.0

11.5

13.7

5.2

1.5

5.7

5.1

9.7

6.1

4.3

3.9

6.2

7.0

5.4

4.6

7.3

5.7

5.5

3.8

4.5

5.5

6.3

5.1

6.1

4.8

3.6

4.4

5.2

5.3

6.7

5.0

5.4

11.6

3.6

4.9

4.0

6.4

3.4

4.7

3.8

7.5

5.0

1.9

5.9

4.9

6.7

5.2

5.9

5.6

4.6

9.2

4.1

5.1

3.7

4.8

4.5

5.7

8.4

8
Table 2. Long run labor productivity and related data, private nonfarm sector

2021 Average annual percent change, 2007-21

Area Name Employment

(thousands)

Labor

productivity Output Hours Unit labor Labor

worked costs compensation

Hourly

compensation

States

Alabama......................................

Alaska........................................

Arizona.......................................

Arkansas.....................................

California.....................................

Colorado......................................

Connecticut..................................

Delaware.....................................

District of Columbia..........................

Florida........................................

Georgia.......................................

Hawaii........................................

Idaho..........................................

Illinois.........................................

Indiana........................................

Iowa...........................................

Kansas.......................................

Kentucky.....................................

Louisiana.....................................

Maine.........................................

Maryland.....................................

Massachusetts...............................

Michigan......................................

Minnesota....................................

Mississippi....................................

Missouri......................................

Montana......................................

Nebraska.....................................

Nevada.......................................

New Hampshire..............................

New Jersey...................................

New Mexico..................................

New York.....................................

North Carolina...............................

North Dakota.................................

Ohio...........................................

Oklahoma....................................

Oregon.......................................

Pennsylvania.................................

Rhode Island.................................

South Carolina...............................

South Dakota................................

Tennessee...................................

Texas.........................................

Utah...........................................

Vermont......................................

Virginia.......................................

Washington..................................

West Virginia.................................

Wisconsin....................................

Wyoming.....................................

Regions

Midwest.......................................

Northeast.....................................

South.........................................

West..........................................

1,775.796

262.635

2,790.263

1,158.640

15,875.602

2,540.081

1,538.798

404.929

518.028

8,524.066

4,221.017

511.816

747.266

5,326.186

2,873.899

1,372.511

1,202.725

1,709.814

1,698.722

588.965

2,313.167

3,288.895

3,834.613

2,612.443

975.093

2,588.684

452.731

903.020

1,290.577

626.895

3,655.523

697.339

8,106.782

4,221.382

353.521

4,914.708

1,447.856

1,768.132

5,392.391

444.997

1,927.745

395.987

2,924.910

11,749.004

1,445.634

269.890

3,437.901

3,071.488

573.943

2,705.469

233.358

29,083.765

23,913.137

49,582.014

31,686.923

1.0

0.0

0.9

0.7

2.6

1.7

0.1

0.7

1.2

0.8

1.3

1.1

1.2

1.0

0.9

1.0

1.7

1.2

-0.1

1.1

1.5

1.9

0.9

1.3

0.8

1.1

1.3

1.8

0.6

1.7

0.8

1.6

1.7

0.9

3.4

1.1

1.3

2.0

1.4

0.9

1.3

1.1

1.2

1.3

1.7

1.6

1.5

2.7

1.3

0.8

-0.5

1.1

1.4

1.2

2.1

0.7

-0.4

1.5

1.1

2.9

2.5

-0.3

0.4

1.5

1.6

1.9

0.5

2.4

0.8

1.1

0.9

1.4

1.0

-0.3

1.0

1.4

2.3

0.6

1.6

0.3

0.8

1.4

1.9

0.6

1.8

0.8

1.0

1.8

1.6

4.7

1.1

1.7

2.3

1.4

0.6

1.7

1.9

1.8

2.7

3.2

0.9

1.3

3.5

0.6

1.1

-1.1

1.1

1.4

1.7

2.6

-0.3

-0.4

0.7

0.4

0.4

0.7

-0.3

-0.3

0.3

0.8

0.6

-0.6

1.2

-0.2

0.3

0.0

-0.3

-0.2

-0.2

-0.1

-0.2

0.4

-0.3

0.3

-0.5

-0.3

0.1

0.1

0.0

0.2

0.0

-0.6

0.1

0.7

1.3

0.0

0.4

0.2

-0.1

-0.2

0.4

0.8

0.6

1.4

1.4

-0.8

-0.2

0.7

-0.6

0.2

-0.7

0.0

0.0

0.6

0.4

2.1

2.8

2.2

2.1

1.4

1.8

2.2

2.0

2.0

2.4

1.9

2.1

1.8

1.7

2.0

2.0

1.2

2.1

2.8

2.1

1.6

1.4

1.7

1.6

2.0

1.9

2.7

1.4

2.4

1.8

1.8

1.3

1.1

2.2

0.4

1.5

1.4

1.4

1.5

1.9

2.0

2.4

1.7

1.7

1.8

1.6

1.7

1.6

1.4

2.0

2.8

1.7

1.4

1.9

1.6

2.8

2.4

3.8

3.2

4.3

4.3

1.9

2.4

3.6

4.1

3.8

2.6

4.3

2.5

3.1

3.0

2.6

3.1

2.5

3.1

2.9

3.7

2.4

3.2

2.3

2.8

4.1

3.3

3.0

3.7

2.6

2.3

2.9

3.9

5.1

2.6

3.2

3.7

2.8

2.6

3.8

4.3

3.6

4.4

5.0

2.5

3.0

5.1

2.0

3.1

1.7

2.8

2.9

3.7

4.2

3.1

2.9

3.1

2.8

4.0

3.6

2.2

2.7

3.2

3.3

3.1

3.3

3.0

2.8

2.8

3.0

2.9

3.3

2.7

3.2

3.1

3.3

2.7

2.9

2.8

3.1

4.0

3.2

3.0

3.5

2.7

2.9

2.8

3.2

3.8

2.7

2.8

3.5

2.9

2.8

3.3

3.5

2.9

3.0

3.5

3.3

3.1

4.3

2.7

2.8

2.3

2.8

2.9

3.1

3.8

9
Table 3. Labor productivity in selected periods, private nonfarm sector

Area Name Average annual percent change

2007-19 2019-21 2007-21

States

Alabama......................................

Alaska........................................

Arizona.......................................

Arkansas.....................................

California.....................................

Colorado......................................

Connecticut..................................

Delaware.....................................

District of Columbia..........................

Florida........................................

Georgia.......................................

Hawaii........................................

Idaho..........................................

Illinois.........................................

Indiana........................................

Iowa...........................................

Kansas.......................................

Kentucky.....................................

Louisiana.....................................

Maine.........................................

Maryland.....................................

Massachusetts...............................

Michigan......................................

Minnesota....................................

Mississippi....................................

Missouri......................................

Montana......................................

Nebraska.....................................

Nevada.......................................

New Hampshire..............................

New Jersey...................................

New Mexico..................................

New York.....................................

North Carolina...............................

North Dakota.................................

Ohio...........................................

Oklahoma....................................

Oregon.......................................

Pennsylvania.................................

Rhode Island.................................

South Carolina...............................

South Dakota................................

Tennessee...................................

Texas.........................................

Utah...........................................

Vermont......................................

Virginia.......................................

Washington..................................

West Virginia.................................

Wisconsin....................................

Wyoming.....................................

Regions

Midwest.......................................

Northeast.....................................

South.........................................

West..........................................

1.0

0.0

0.7

0.6

2.1

1.8

0.1

0.4

0.5

0.8

1.4

1.1

1.4

0.9

0.7

0.6

1.6

1.2

-0.4

0.8

1.5

1.6

0.5

1.1

0.4

0.9

1.3

1.7

0.5

1.2

0.6

1.4

1.3

0.8

3.5

0.9

1.6

1.8

1.1

0.7

1.1

1.2

1.1

1.3

1.4

1.3

1.3

2.3

1.2

0.9

-0.4

0.9

1.1

1.1

1.8

0.9

0.1

2.0

1.3

5.1

1.5

0.0

2.3

5.2

1.1

0.6

1.2

0.0

1.7

2.1

3.1

2.5

1.4

1.9

3.1

1.5

4.0

3.5

2.1

3.0

2.5

1.3

1.9

1.1

4.4

2.0

2.7

3.9

1.5

2.7

2.2

-0.5

3.6

3.2

2.1

2.4

0.6

2.0

1.0

3.2

3.5

2.4

5.2

1.7

0.6

-1.0

2.2

3.2

1.3

4.0

1.0

0.0

0.9

0.7

2.6

1.7

0.1

0.7

1.2

0.8

1.3

1.1

1.2

1.0

0.9

1.0

1.7

1.2

-0.1

1.1

1.5

1.9

0.9

1.3

0.8

1.1

1.3

1.8

0.6

1.7

0.8

1.6

1.7

0.9

3.4

1.1

1.3

2.0

1.4

0.9

1.3

1.1

1.2

1.3

1.7

1.6

1.5

2.7

1.3

0.8

-0.5

1.1

1.4

1.2

2.1

10
Table 4. Contributions to national labor productivity, private nonfarm sector

Area Name Share Weight (percent) Average annual percent change, 2007-21

Labor Productivity Contribution to National

National......................................

Alabama...................................

Alaska......................................

Arizona.....................................

Arkansas...................................

California...................................

Colorado...................................

Connecticut................................

Delaware...................................

District of Columbia.......................

Florida......................................

Georgia....................................

Hawaii......................................

Idaho.......................................

Illinois......................................

Indiana.....................................

Iowa........................................

Kansas.....................................

Kentucky...................................

Louisiana..................................

Maine......................................

Maryland...................................

Massachusetts............................

Michigan...................................

Minnesota..................................

Mississippi.................................

Missouri....................................

Montana...................................

Nebraska..................................

Nevada.....................................

New Hampshire...........................

New Jersey................................

New Mexico...............................

New York..................................

North Carolina.............................

North Dakota..............................

Ohio........................................

Oklahoma..................................

Oregon.....................................

Pennsylvania..............................

Rhode Island..............................

South Carolina............................

South Dakota..............................

Tennessee.................................

Texas......................................

Utah........................................

Vermont....................................

Virginia.....................................

Washington................................

West Virginia..............................

Wisconsin..................................

Wyoming...................................

1.1

0.3

1.7

0.7

13.5

1.8

1.5

0.4

0.5

5.0

2.9

0.4

0.4

4.5

1.9

0.9

0.8

1.1

1.4

0.3

1.8

2.8

2.7

1.9

0.6

1.7

0.2

0.6

0.8

0.4

3.2

0.4

8.3

2.8

0.3

3.4

1.0

1.1

4.0

0.3

1.1

0.2

1.8

9.1

0.9

0.2

2.5

2.5

0.4

1.7

0.2

1.4

1.0

0.0

0.9

0.7

2.6

1.7

0.1

0.7

1.2

0.8

1.3

1.1

1.2

1.0

0.9

1.0

1.7

1.2

-0.1

1.1

1.5

1.9

0.9

1.3

0.8

1.1

1.3

1.8

0.6

1.7

0.8

1.6

1.7

0.9

3.4

1.1

1.3

2.0

1.4

0.9

1.3

1.1

1.2

1.3

1.7

1.6

1.5

2.7

1.3

0.8

-0.5

0.011

0.000

0.015

0.005

0.352

0.030

0.002

0.003

0.006

0.040

0.038

0.004

0.004

0.045

0.017

0.009

0.014

0.013

-0.001

0.004

0.027

0.054

0.024

0.024

0.004

0.018

0.003

0.011

0.005

0.007

0.025

0.007

0.141

0.025

0.009

0.038

0.013

0.022

0.057

0.003

0.014

0.003

0.022

0.118

0.014

0.003

0.038

0.069

0.005

0.014

-0.001

11
Table 5. Contributions to national labor productivity in selected periods, private nonfarm sector

Area Name Average annual percent change

2007-19 2019-21 2007-21 2020-21

National......................................

Alabama...................................

Alaska......................................

Arizona.....................................

Arkansas...................................

California...................................

Colorado...................................

Connecticut................................

Delaware...................................

District of Columbia.......................

Florida......................................

Georgia....................................

Hawaii......................................

Idaho.......................................

Illinois......................................

Indiana.....................................

Iowa........................................

Kansas.....................................

Kentucky...................................

Louisiana..................................

Maine......................................

Maryland...................................

Massachusetts............................

Michigan...................................

Minnesota..................................

Mississippi.................................

Missouri....................................

Montana...................................

Nebraska..................................

Nevada.....................................

New Hampshire...........................

New Jersey................................

New Mexico...............................

New York..................................

North Carolina.............................

North Dakota..............................

Ohio........................................

Oklahoma..................................

Oregon.....................................

Pennsylvania..............................

Rhode Island..............................

South Carolina............................

South Dakota..............................

Tennessee.................................

Texas......................................

Utah........................................

Vermont....................................

Virginia.....................................

Washington................................

West Virginia..............................

Wisconsin..................................

Wyoming...................................

1.3

0.011

0.000

0.012

0.004

0.281

0.032

0.002

0.002

0.003

0.040

0.041

0.004

0.005

0.041

0.014

0.006

0.013

0.013

-0.006

0.003

0.027

0.045

0.013

0.021

0.002

0.015

0.003

0.010

0.004

0.005

0.019

0.006

0.108

0.022

0.009

0.031

0.016

0.019

0.045

0.002

0.012

0.003

0.020

0.118

0.012

0.002

0.033

0.057

0.005

0.015

-0.001

2.5

0.009

0.000

0.035

0.008

0.742

0.027

0.000

0.009

0.027

0.058

0.018

0.004

0.000

0.073

0.040

0.028

0.021

0.014

0.022

0.010

0.026

0.116

0.089

0.039

0.015

0.040

0.003

0.012

0.009

0.019

0.060

0.011

0.330

0.043

0.007

0.073

-0.004

0.041

0.123

0.006

0.027

0.002

0.037

0.089

0.031

0.005

0.058

0.149

0.006

0.010

-0.002

1.4

0.011

0.000

0.015

0.005

0.352

0.030

0.002

0.003

0.006

0.040

0.038

0.004

0.004

0.045

0.017

0.009

0.014

0.013

-0.001

0.004

0.027

0.054

0.024

0.024

0.004

0.018

0.003

0.011

0.005

0.007

0.025

0.007

0.141

0.025

0.009

0.038

0.013

0.022

0.057

0.003

0.014

0.003

0.022

0.118

0.014

0.003

0.038

0.069

0.005

0.014

-0.001

2.0

0.016

-0.006

0.053

0.000

0.616

0.025

0.020

-0.003

0.024

-0.026

-0.012

-0.003

0.009

0.119

0.042

0.019

0.012

0.014

0.009

0.002

0.022

0.073

0.048

0.068

0.015

0.043

0.004

0.003

-0.008

0.022

-0.003

0.004

0.151

0.066

0.001

0.083

0.000

0.027

0.100

-0.002

0.008

0.005

0.078

0.062

0.030

0.004

0.061

0.186

0.000

0.003

-0.005

12
Table 6. Contributions to regional labor productivity, private nonfarm sector

Area Name Share Weight (percent) Percent change, 2020-21

Labor Productivity Contribution to Region

Northeast....................................

Connecticut................................

Maine......................................

Massachusetts............................

New Hampshire...........................

New Jersey................................

New York..................................

Pennsylvania..............................

Rhode Island..............................

Vermont....................................

South.........................................

Alabama...................................

Arkansas...................................

Delaware...................................

District of Columbia.......................

Florida......................................

Georgia....................................

Kentucky...................................

Louisiana..................................

Maryland...................................

Mississippi.................................

North Carolina.............................

Oklahoma..................................

South Carolina............................

Tennessee.................................

Texas......................................

Virginia.....................................

West Virginia..............................

Midwest......................................

Illinois......................................

Indiana.....................................

Iowa........................................

Kansas.....................................

Michigan...................................

Minnesota..................................

Missouri....................................

Nebraska..................................

North Dakota..............................

Ohio........................................

South Dakota..............................

Wisconsin..................................

West..........................................

Alaska......................................

Arizona.....................................

California...................................

Colorado...................................

Hawaii......................................

Idaho.......................................

Montana...................................

Nevada.....................................

New Mexico...............................

Oregon.....................................

Utah........................................

Washington................................

Wyoming...................................

6.6

1.6

14.0

2.1

14.4

40.7

18.5

1.4

0.7

3.1

1.9

1.1

1.6

15.7

9.1

3.0

3.4

5.1

1.5

8.5

2.5

3.4

5.5

26.3

7.2

1.1

21.3

9.5

4.6

4.1

12.7

9.2

8.0

3.1

1.3

16.7

1.3

8.2

0.8

6.9

56.7

7.0

1.3

1.5

0.9

3.3

1.6

4.4

3.8

11.2

0.6

1.8

1.5

0.5

2.5

5.2

-0.1

1.8

2.6

-0.8

2.6

1.0

1.5

0.0

-0.7

4.6

-0.5

-0.4

1.4

0.8

1.3

2.9

2.3

0.0

0.7

4.2

0.7

2.5

0.1

2.2

2.8

2.2

2.1

1.4

1.9

3.7

2.7

0.5

0.4

2.5

2.0

0.2

3.6

-3.0

3.0

4.2

1.4

-0.8

2.3

1.7

-1.0

1.0

2.4

3.1

6.4

-2.9

0.099

0.008

0.351

0.108

-0.014

0.732

0.482

-0.011

0.019

0.046

0.000

-0.008

0.072

-0.079

-0.036

0.042

0.027

0.066

0.044

0.196

0.000

0.024

0.233

0.184

0.181

0.001

0.596

0.209

0.097

0.058

0.241

0.342

0.216

0.015

0.005

0.418

0.025

0.016

-0.025

0.206

2.383

0.098

-0.010

0.034

0.015

-0.033

0.016

0.105

0.117

0.719

-0.019

13