For release 10:00 a.m. (EST) Friday, November 16, 2018 USDL-18-1826 

Technical information: 

 Employment: (202) 691-6559 • sminfo@bls.gov • www.bls.gov/sae 

 Unemployment: (202) 691-6392 • lausinfo@bls.gov • www.bls.gov/lau 

Media contact: (202) 691-5902 • PressOffice@bls.gov 

STATE EMPLOYMENT AND UNEMPLOYMENT — OCTOBER 2018

Unemployment rates were lower in October in 6 states, higher in 2 states, and stable in 42 states and the 

District of Columbia, the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today. Eighteen states had jobless rate 

decreases from a year earlier and 32 states and the District had little or no change. The national 

unemployment rate was unchanged from September at 3.7 percent but was 0.4 percentage point lower 

than in October 2017. 

Nonfarm payroll employment increased in 9 states in October 2018 and was essentially unchanged in 41 

states and the District of Columbia. Over the year, 36 states added nonfarm payroll jobs and 14 states 

and the District were essentially unchanged.

Unemployment

Hawaii had the lowest unemployment rate in October, 2.3 percent. The rates in Texas (3.7 percent) and 

Washington (4.3 percent) set new series lows. (All state series begin in 1976.) Alaska had the highest 

jobless rate, 6.4 percent. In total, 14 states had unemployment rates lower than the U.S. figure of 3.7 

percent, 11 states and the District of Columbia had higher rates, and 25 states had rates that were not 

appreciably different from that of the nation. (See tables A and 1 and map 1.) 

In October, six states had unemployment rate decreases, the largest of which was in North Carolina (-0.2 

percentage point). Two states had over-the-month rate increases: Colorado and Hawaii (+0.1 percentage 

point each). The remaining 42 states and the District of Columbia had jobless rates that were not notably 

different from those of a month earlier, though some had changes that were at least as large numerically 

as the significant changes. (See table B.)

Hurricane Michael

Hurricane Michael made landfall in the Florida Panhandle on October 10, 2018, during the reference 

periods for both the establishment and household surveys. Response rates for the two surveys were 

within normal ranges for the affected areas. 
- 2 - 

Eighteen states had unemployment rate changes from October 2017, all of which were decreases. The 

largest decline occurred in New Mexico (-1.4 percentage points). (See table C.) 

Nonfarm Payroll Employment 

Nonfarm payroll employment increased in nine states in October 2018. The largest job gains occurred in 

California (+36,400), Texas (+32,300), and North Carolina (+27,900). In percentage terms, the largest 

gains occurred in South Carolina (+0.9 percent), Alaska (+0.7 percent), and New Hampshire and North 

Carolina (+0.6 percent each). (See tables D and 3.) 

Thirty-six states had over-the-year increases in nonfarm payroll employment in October. The largest job 

gains occurred in Texas (+384,800), California (+308,700), and Florida (+232,600). The largest 

percentage gain occurred in Nevada (+3.4 percent), followed by Utah and Washington (+3.3 percent 

each). (See table E and map 2.)

_____________ 

The Metropolitan Area Employment and Unemployment news release for October is scheduled to 

be released on Thursday, November 29, 2018, at 10:00 a.m. (EST). The State Employment and 

Unemployment news release for November is scheduled to be released on Friday, December 21, 

2018, at 10:00 a.m. (EST). 
- 3 - 

State Rate p

United States 1 ................................................ 3.7

Alaska ............................................................ 6.4

Arizona ........................................................... 4.7

California ......................................................... 4.1

Colorado ......................................................... 3.2

District of Columbia .......................................... 5.6

Hawaii ............................................................. 2.3

Idaho .............................................................. 2.7

Iowa ................................................................ 2.4

Kentucky ........................................................ 4.5

Louisiana ........................................................ 5.0

Minnesota ....................................................... 2.8

Mississippi ...................................................... 4.7

Missouri .......................................................... 3.1

Nebraska ........................................................ 2.8

Nevada ............................................................ 4.4

New Hampshire ............................................... 2.6

New Mexico .................................................... 4.6

North Dakota ................................................... 2.8

Ohio ............................................................... 4.6

South Dakota .................................................. 3.0

Utah ............................................................... 3.2

Vermont .......................................................... 2.8

Virginia ........................................................... 2.9

Washington ..................................................... 4.3

West Virginia ................................................... 5.2

Wisconsin ....................................................... 3.0

1

 Data are not preliminary.

p

 = preliminary.

Table A. States with unemployment rates significantly different from that

of the U.S., October 2018, seasonally adjusted
- 4 - 

Table B. States with statistically significant unemployment rate changes from September 2018

to October 2018, seasonally adjusted

September 2018 October 2018 p

Alaska ....................................... 6.5 6.4 -0.1

Colorado .................................... 3.1 3.2 .1

Florida ....................................... 3.5 3.4 -.1

Hawaii ....................................... 2.2 2.3 .1

New York ................................... 4.1 4.0 -.1

North Carolina ............................ 3.8 3.6 -.2

Oklahoma .................................. 3.5 3.4 -.1

Vermont ..................................... 2.9 2.8 -.1

p

 = preliminary.

State

Rate Over-the-month 

change p

Table C. States with statistically significant unemployment rate changes from October 2017

to October 2018, seasonally adjusted

October 2017 October 2018 p

Alaska ....................................... 7.2 6.4 -0.8

California .................................... 4.5 4.1 -.4

Delaware .................................... 4.5 3.9 -.6

Florida ....................................... 3.9 3.4 -.5

Georgia ...................................... 4.5 3.6 -.9

Illinois ........................................ 4.9 4.2 -.7

Iowa .......................................... 2.9 2.4 -.5

Michigan .................................... 4.7 3.9 -.8

Minnesota .................................. 3.3 2.8 -.5

New Jersey ................................ 4.7 4.1 -.6

New Mexico ............................... 6.0 4.6 -1.4

New York ................................... 4.7 4.0 -.7

North Carolina ............................ 4.5 3.6 -.9

Oklahoma .................................. 4.1 3.4 -.7

Pennsylvania .............................. 4.8 4.1 -.7

South Carolina ............................ 4.2 3.3 -.9

South Dakota ............................. 3.4 3.0 -.4

Virginia ...................................... 3.6 2.9 -.7

p

 = preliminary.

State

Rate Over-the-year 

change p
- 5 - 

Table D. States with statistically significant employment changes from September 2018 to

October 2018, seasonally adjusted

September October

2018 2018 p Level Percent

Alaska ....................................... 327,200 329,500 2,300 0.7

California ................................... 17,200,200 17,236,600 36,400 .2

New Hampshire .......................... 690,900 694,800 3,900 .6

New Jersey ................................ 4,195,900 4,213,300 17,400 .4

North Carolina ............................ 4,511,000 4,538,900 27,900 .6

Pennsylvania .............................. 6,044,900 6,063,400 18,500 .3

South Carolina ........................... 2,115,100 2,134,100 19,000 .9

Texas ........................................ 12,653,400 12,685,700 32,300 .3

Washington ............................... 3,448,300 3,460,700 12,400 .4

p

 = preliminary.

State Over-the-month change p
- 6 - 

Table E. States with statistically significant employment changes from October 2017 to

October 2018, seasonally adjusted

October October

2017 2018 p Level Percent

Alabama .................................... 2,018,500 2,052,100 33,600 1.7

Arizona ...................................... 2,793,600 2,880,300 86,700 3.1

California ................................... 16,927,900 17,236,600 308,700 1.8

Colorado .................................... 2,675,100 2,747,100 72,000 2.7

Connecticut ............................... 1,679,600 1,701,900 22,300 1.3

Florida ....................................... 8,614,700 8,847,300 232,600 2.7

Georgia ..................................... 4,482,200 4,575,800 93,600 2.1

Hawaii ....................................... 653,800 664,700 10,900 1.7

Idaho ......................................... 723,800 739,100 15,300 2.1

Illinois ........................................ 6,074,800 6,134,100 59,300 1.0

 

Iowa .......................................... 1,573,500 1,595,300 21,800 1.4

Kansas ...................................... 1,405,900 1,425,400 19,500 1.4

Maryland ................................... 2,723,100 2,761,600 38,500 1.4

Massachusetts .......................... 3,619,100 3,683,500 64,400 1.8

Michigan .................................... 4,379,700 4,441,500 61,800 1.4

Minnesota .................................. 2,942,500 2,978,100 35,600 1.2

Missouri .................................... 2,872,600 2,917,200 44,600 1.6

Nebraska ................................... 1,016,100 1,032,200 16,100 1.6

Nevada ...................................... 1,352,100 1,397,900 45,800 3.4

New Hampshire .......................... 679,500 694,800 15,300 2.3

 

New Jersey ................................ 4,144,800 4,213,300 68,500 1.7

New Mexico ............................... 832,900 855,200 22,300 2.7

New York ................................... 9,546,000 9,668,800 122,800 1.3

North Carolina ............................ 4,435,400 4,538,900 103,500 2.3

Ohio .......................................... 5,531,800 5,647,200 115,400 2.1

Oklahoma .................................. 1,675,900 1,699,100 23,200 1.4

Oregon ...................................... 1,885,100 1,931,600 46,500 2.5

Pennsylvania .............................. 5,971,100 6,063,400 92,300 1.5

South Carolina ........................... 2,096,300 2,134,100 37,800 1.8

South Dakota ............................. 436,500 443,800 7,300 1.7

 

Tennessee ................................. 3,025,100 3,084,400 59,300 2.0

Texas ........................................ 12,300,900 12,685,700 384,800 3.1

Utah .......................................... 1,480,000 1,528,600 48,600 3.3

Virginia ...................................... 3,956,300 4,027,700 71,400 1.8

Washington ............................... 3,351,100 3,460,700 109,600 3.3

Wisconsin ................................. 2,947,200 2,978,700 31,500 1.1

p

 = preliminary.

State Over-the-year change p
Technical Note

This news release presents civilian labor force and 

unemployment data for states and selected substate areas from 

the Local Area Unemployment Statistics (LAUS) program 

(tables 1 and 2). Also presented are nonfarm payroll

employment estimates by state and industry supersector from 

the Current Employment Statistics (CES) program (tables 3 and 

4). The LAUS and CES programs are both federal-state 

cooperative endeavors.

Civilian labor force and unemployment—from the 

LAUS program 

 Definitions. The civilian labor force and unemployment 

data are based on the same concepts and definitions as those 

used for the official national estimates obtained from the 

Current Population Survey (CPS), a sample survey of 

households that is conducted for the Bureau of Labor Statistics 

(BLS) by the U.S. Census Bureau. The LAUS program 

measures employed people and unemployed people on a placeof-residence basis. The universe for each is the civilian 

noninstitutional population 16 years of age and older. 

Employed people are those who did any work at all for pay or 

profit in the reference week (typically the week including the 

12th of the month) or worked 15 hours or more without pay in 

a family business or farm, plus those not working who had a job 

from which they were temporarily absent, whether or not paid, 

for such reasons as bad weather, labor-management dispute, 

illness, or vacation. 

 Unemployed people are those who were not employed during 

the reference week (based on the definition above), had actively 

looked for a job sometime in the 4-week period ending with the 

reference week, and were currently available for work; people

on layoff expecting recall need not be looking for work to be 

counted as unemployed. The civilian labor force is the sum of 

employed and unemployed people. The unemployment rate is 

the number of unemployed as a percent of the civilian labor 

force.

 Method of estimation. Estimates for 48 states, the District 

of Columbia, the Los Angeles-Long Beach-Glendale 

metropolitan division, New York City, and the balances of 

California and New York State are produced using time-series 

models. This method, which underwent substantial 

enhancement at the beginning of 2015, utilizes data from 

several sources, including the CPS, the CES, and state 

unemployment insurance (UI) programs. Estimates for the state 

of California are derived by summing the estimates for the Los 

Angeles-Long Beach-Glendale metropolitan division and the 

balance of California. Similarly, estimates for New York State

are derived by summing the estimates for New York City and 

the balance of New York State. Estimates for the five additional 

substate areas contained in this release (the Cleveland-Elyria 

and Detroit-Warren-Dearborn metropolitan areas and the 

Chicago-Naperville-Arlington Heights, Miami-Miami BeachKendall, and Seattle-Bellevue-Everett metropolitan divisions) 

and their respective balances of state are produced using a 

similar model-based approach.

 Each month, estimates for the nine census divisions first are

modeled using inputs from the CPS only and controlled to the 

national totals. State estimates then are controlled to their 

respective census division totals. Substate and balance-of-state 

estimates for the five areas noted above also are controlled to 

their respective state totals. This tiered process of controlling 

model-based estimates to the U.S. totals is called real-time 

benchmarking. Estimates for Puerto Rico are derived from a 

monthly household survey similar to the CPS. A more detailed 

description of the estimation procedures is available from BLS 

upon request.

 Annual revisions. Civilian labor force and unemployment 

data for prior years reflect adjustments made after the end of 

each year. The adjusted estimates reflect updated population 

data from the U.S. Census Bureau, any revisions in the other 

data sources, and model re-estimation. In most years, historical 

data for the most recent five years are revised near the 

beginning of each calendar year, prior to the release of January 

estimates. With the introduction of a new generation of timesseries models in early 2015, historical data were re-estimated 

back to the series beginnings in 1976, 1990, or 1994.

 Seasonal adjustment. The LAUS models decompose the 

estimates of employed and unemployed people into trend, 

seasonal, and irregular components. Prior to 2018, the 

benchmarked trend component of each measure had been

smoothed using a Trend-Cycle Cascade Filter. With changes 

implemented in early 2018, the benchmarked signals of 

employed and unemployed people first are adjusted using an X11 type of seasonal adjustment filter. The adjusted data then are 

smoothed using a Reproducing Kernel Hilbert Space (RKHS) 

filter. The smoothed-seasonally adjusted estimates of employed 

and unemployed people are summed to derive the civilian labor 

force, and the unemployment rate then is calculated as the 

unemployed percent of the civilian labor force. The resulting 

smoothed-seasonally adjusted unemployment rate estimates are 

analyzed in this news release and published on the BLS website. 

 During estimation for the current year, the smoothedseasonally adjusted estimates for a given month are created 

using an asymmetric filter that incorporates information from 

previous observations only. For annual revisions, historical data 

are smoothed using a two-sided filter.

 In early 2018, historical data were re-estimated back to the 

series beginnings in 1976, 1990, or 1994 to incorporate the 

changes to the seasonal adjustment and smoothing procedures 

described above.

 Area definitions. The substate area data published in this 

release reflect the delineations that were issued by the U.S. 

Office of Management and Budget on July 15, 2015. A detailed 

list of the geographic definitions is available online at 

www.bls.gov/lau/lausmsa.htm. 

Employment—from the CES program

 Definitions. Employment data refer to persons on 

establishment payrolls who receive pay for any part of the pay 

period that includes the 12th of the month. Persons are counted 

at their place of work rather than at their place of residence; 

those appearing on more than one payroll are counted on each 
payroll. Industries are classified on the basis of their principal 

activity in accordance with the 2017 version of the North 

American Industry Classification System. 

 Method of estimation. CES State and Area employment

data are produced using several estimation procedures. Where 

possible these data are produced using a "weighted link 

relative" estimation technique in which a ratio of current month 

weighted employment to that of the previous-month weighted 

employment is computed from a sample of establishments 

reporting for both months. The estimates of employment for the 

current month are then obtained by multiplying these ratios by 

the previous month’s employment estimates. The weighted link 

relative technique is utilized for data series where the sample 

size meets certain statistical criteria. 

 For some employment series, the sample of establishments is 

very small or highly variable. In these cases, a model-based 

approach is used in estimation. These models use the direct 

sample estimates (described above), combined with forecasts of 

historical (benchmarked) data to decrease volatility in 

estimation. Two different models (Fay-Herriot Model and 

Small Domain Model) are used depending on the industry level 

being estimated. For more detailed information about each 

model, refer to the BLS Handbook of Methods.

 Annual revisions. Employment estimates are adjusted 

annually to a complete count of jobs, called benchmarks, 

derived principally from tax reports that are submitted by 

employers who are covered under state unemployment 

insurance (UI) laws. The benchmark information is used to 

adjust the monthly estimates between the new benchmark and 

the preceding one and also to establish the level of employment 

for the new benchmark month. Thus, the benchmarking process 

establishes the level of employment, and the sample is used to 

measure the month-to-month changes in the level for the 

subsequent months. Information on recent benchmark revisions 

is available online at www.bls.gov/web/laus/benchmark.pdf.

 Seasonal adjustment. Payroll employment data are 

seasonally adjusted at the statewide expanded supersector level. 

In some cases, the seasonally adjusted payroll employment total 

is computed by aggregating the independently adjusted 

supersector series. In other cases, the seasonally adjusted 

payroll employment total is independently adjusted. Revisions 

to historical data for the most recent five years are made once a 

year, coincident with annual benchmark adjustments.

 Beginning with the release of January 2018 preliminary 

estimates, payroll employment data are seasonally adjusted 

concurrently, using all available estimates including those for 

the current month, to develop sample-based seasonal factors.

Concurrent sample-based factors are created every month for 

the current month’s preliminary estimate as well as the previous 

month’s final estimate in order to incorporate real-time 

estimates. Previously, the sample-based seasonal factors were 

forecasted once annually at the beginning of the year and 

applied to the sample-based estimates for the 12 months of the 

year. 

 

 Caution on aggregating state data. State estimation 

procedures are designed to produce accurate data for each 

individual state. BLS independently develops a national 

employment series; state estimates are not forced to sum to 

national totals. Because each state series is subject to larger 

sampling and nonsampling errors than the national series, 

summing them cumulates individual state-level errors and can 

cause significant distortions at an aggregate level. Due to these 

statistical limitations, BLS does not compile a "sum-of-states" 

employment series, and cautions users that such a series is 

subject to a relatively large and volatile error structure.

Reliability of the estimates

 The estimates presented in this release are based on sample 

surveys, administrative data, and modeling and, thus, are 

subject to sampling and other types of errors. Sampling error is 

a measure of sampling variability—that is, variation that occurs 

by chance because a sample rather than the entire population is 

surveyed. Survey data also are subject to nonsampling errors, 

such as those which can be introduced into the data collection 

and processing operations. Estimates not directly derived from 

sample surveys are subject to additional errors resulting from 

the specific estimation processes used.

 Use of error measures. Changes in state unemployment 

rates and state nonfarm payroll employment are cited in the 

analysis of this release only if they have been determined to be 

statistically significant at the 90-percent confidence level. 

Furthermore, state unemployment rates for the current month 

generally are cited only if they have been determined to be 

significantly different from the U.S. rate at the 90-percent 

confidence level. The underlying model-based standard error 

measures for unemployment rates and over-the-month and 

over-the-year changes in rates are available at 

www.bls.gov/lau/lastderr.htm. The underlying standard error 

measures for over-the-month and over-the-year changes in state 

payroll employment data at the total nonfarm and supersector 

levels are available at www.bls.gov/web/laus/790stderr.htm. 

Measures of nonsampling error are not available.

Additional information

 Estimates of civilian labor force and unemployment from the 

LAUS program, as well as nonfarm payroll employment from 

the CES program, for metropolitan areas and metropolitan 

divisions are available in the news release Metropolitan Area 

Employment and Unemployment. Estimates of civilian labor 

force, employed people, unemployed people, and 

unemployment rates for approximately 7,000 subnational areas 

are available online at www.bls.gov/lau/. Employment data 

from the CES program for states and metropolitan areas are 

available online at www.bls.gov/sae/. Information in this 

release will be made available to sensory impaired individuals 

upon request. Voice phone: (202) 691-5200; Federal Relay 

Service: (800) 877-8339.
LABOR FORCE DATA

SEASONALLY ADJUSTED

Table 1. Civilian labor force and unemployment by state and selected area, seasonally adjusted

State and area

Civilian labor force Unemployed

Oct.

2017

Aug.

2018

Sept.

2018

Oct.

2018p

Number Percent of labor force

Oct.

2017

Aug.

2018

Sept.

2018

Oct.

2018p

Oct.

2017

Aug.

2018

Sept.

2018

Oct.

2018p

Alabama. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,164,470 2,203,282 2,208,177 2,212,724 81,877 91,183 90,818 89,754 3.8 4.1 4.1 4.1

Alaska. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 362,514 358,293 356,985 356,487 26,265 24,098 23,337 22,779 7.2 6.7 6.5 6.4

Arizona. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,340,425 3,374,642 3,384,701 3,401,010 156,837 156,162 157,347 158,154 4.7 4.6 4.6 4.7

Arkansas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,357,679 1,346,866 1,345,675 1,346,556 50,504 48,135 47,230 47,441 3.7 3.6 3.5 3.5

California. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19,392,851 19,351,060 19,384,803 19,441,049 866,585 803,256 802,744 804,349 4.5 4.2 4.1 4.1

Los Angeles-Long Beach-Glendale1. . . . 5,148,947 5,151,275 5,153,516 5,158,865 231,997 233,403 236,506 239,722 4.5 4.5 4.6 4.6

Colorado. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,031,110 3,090,695 3,095,724 3,101,187 92,291 90,508 94,519 98,176 3.0 2.9 3.1 3.2

Connecticut. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,912,024 1,899,242 1,903,469 1,909,250 86,071 80,869 80,049 79,992 4.5 4.3 4.2 4.2

Delaware. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 477,983 486,397 486,631 486,675 21,669 18,997 19,264 19,126 4.5 3.9 4.0 3.9

District of Columbia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 401,373 408,116 406,600 405,232 23,784 23,033 23,021 22,866 5.9 5.6 5.7 5.6

Florida. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10,139,339 10,243,298 10,240,585 10,245,720 395,836 375,331 358,608 345,083 3.9 3.7 3.5 3.4

Miami-Miami Beach-Kendall1. . . . . . . . . . . 1,387,395 1,393,640 1,387,076 1,378,667 64,982 57,958 54,803 52,413 4.7 4.2 4.0 3.8

Georgia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,093,754 5,161,624 5,155,254 5,152,204 227,253 196,959 188,376 184,554 4.5 3.8 3.7 3.6

Hawaii. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 682,569 687,369 686,851 686,117 14,571 14,633 15,067 15,742 2.1 2.1 2.2 2.3

Idaho. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 841,857 852,920 853,045 853,444 25,131 24,012 23,282 22,828 3.0 2.8 2.7 2.7

Illinois. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,501,975 6,480,152 6,478,147 6,488,157 319,561 268,689 266,832 270,057 4.9 4.1 4.1 4.2

Chicago-Naperville-Arlington Heights1. . . 3,811,762 3,736,636 3,732,569 3,738,752 197,703 144,396 142,298 143,805 5.2 3.9 3.8 3.8

Indiana. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,322,852 3,392,408 3,397,226 3,402,529 115,058 117,759 117,344 119,755 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5

Iowa. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,675,041 1,685,186 1,686,130 1,688,263 49,246 42,723 41,764 41,170 2.9 2.5 2.5 2.4

Kansas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,478,910 1,479,442 1,481,564 1,484,916 52,289 49,115 48,444 48,443 3.5 3.3 3.3 3.3

Kentucky. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,055,308 2,071,442 2,073,661 2,075,251 93,683 91,024 92,597 93,994 4.6 4.4 4.5 4.5

Louisiana. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,115,366 2,130,849 2,122,778 2,117,019 99,134 106,806 106,412 105,971 4.7 5.0 5.0 5.0

Maine. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 700,529 706,530 706,160 705,463 22,306 22,434 23,189 23,831 3.2 3.2 3.3 3.4

Maryland. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,223,061 3,233,747 3,229,082 3,227,761 130,227 136,102 134,095 131,469 4.0 4.2 4.2 4.1

Massachusetts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,658,063 3,806,037 3,822,056 3,832,872 128,837 137,270 135,803 134,068 3.5 3.6 3.6 3.5

Michigan. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,902,141 4,898,068 4,891,713 4,891,598 231,992 201,383 193,398 191,302 4.7 4.1 4.0 3.9

Detroit-Warren-Dearborn2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,120,442 2,113,476 2,111,777 2,113,552 93,828 88,063 84,470 84,054 4.4 4.2 4.0 4.0

Minnesota. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,070,582 3,104,981 3,098,407 3,094,904 101,388 89,810 87,156 86,118 3.3 2.9 2.8 2.8

Mississippi. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,277,620 1,287,792 1,288,211 1,286,548 61,067 61,679 61,624 60,839 4.8 4.8 4.8 4.7

Missouri. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,048,881 3,060,860 3,061,961 3,065,576 110,667 100,522 96,853 94,398 3.6 3.3 3.2 3.1

Montana. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 527,027 523,002 523,380 524,257 21,579 19,095 19,096 19,143 4.1 3.7 3.6 3.7

Nebraska. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,007,035 1,015,038 1,016,175 1,018,381 29,272 28,839 28,600 28,691 2.9 2.8 2.8 2.8

Nevada. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,473,938 1,502,167 1,506,524 1,512,119 71,839 68,000 67,459 67,118 4.9 4.5 4.5 4.4

New Hampshire. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 746,893 760,558 761,794 762,467 19,498 20,512 20,246 19,727 2.6 2.7 2.7 2.6

New Jersey. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,515,353 4,485,541 4,487,632 4,492,792 214,264 188,301 187,032 184,042 4.7 4.2 4.2 4.1

New Mexico. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 931,539 939,866 941,119 943,165 55,736 43,345 43,011 43,148 6.0 4.6 4.6 4.6

New York. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9,715,583 9,690,939 9,709,285 9,735,860 456,122 408,920 397,637 387,713 4.7 4.2 4.1 4.0

New York City. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,229,615 4,228,902 4,227,055 4,230,223 187,964 172,850 170,846 168,476 4.4 4.1 4.0 4.0

North Carolina. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,968,481 5,002,552 4,993,059 4,992,392 221,322 196,916 187,346 181,435 4.5 3.9 3.8 3.6

North Dakota. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 413,648 405,865 404,220 403,098 10,923 10,727 10,948 11,103 2.6 2.6 2.7 2.8

Ohio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,785,775 5,789,423 5,775,488 5,770,624 282,447 267,764 265,755 265,827 4.9 4.6 4.6 4.6

Cleveland-Elyria2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,028,655 1,034,016 1,035,184 1,037,477 56,043 53,121 53,050 53,033 5.4 5.1 5.1 5.1

Oklahoma. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,842,332 1,864,493 1,863,224 1,861,601 76,070 68,324 65,294 62,609 4.1 3.7 3.5 3.4

Oregon. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,121,693 2,112,282 2,110,339 2,111,492 88,215 80,612 79,841 80,960 4.2 3.8 3.8 3.8

Pennsylvania. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,418,284 6,381,093 6,396,578 6,420,101 308,828 262,391 262,160 265,302 4.8 4.1 4.1 4.1

Rhode Island. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 556,339 562,187 561,911 561,169 25,071 22,567 22,072 21,325 4.5 4.0 3.9 3.8

South Carolina. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,319,409 2,306,520 2,304,338 2,307,247 97,934 78,758 76,741 76,220 4.2 3.4 3.3 3.3

South Dakota. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 456,331 458,770 458,661 458,803 15,605 13,957 13,677 13,599 3.4 3.0 3.0 3.0

Tennessee. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,220,679 3,255,943 3,253,703 3,253,393 105,961 116,202 117,337 119,019 3.3 3.6 3.6 3.7

Texas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13,592,091 13,821,915 13,816,243 13,833,511 534,702 535,928 525,550 516,731 3.9 3.9 3.8 3.7

Utah. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,573,918 1,592,018 1,589,104 1,584,643 50,159 49,781 50,359 49,968 3.2 3.1 3.2 3.2

Vermont. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 344,945 348,192 347,167 346,040 10,059 9,895 9,901 9,635 2.9 2.8 2.9 2.8

Virginia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,320,772 4,356,573 4,353,016 4,353,510 156,117 130,071 126,469 124,790 3.6 3.0 2.9 2.9

Washington. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,756,619 3,765,672 3,770,743 3,782,175 177,116 169,006 165,027 162,889 4.7 4.5 4.4 4.3

Seattle-Bellevue-Everett1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,666,158 1,683,054 1,684,811 1,687,732 64,567 58,821 57,604 56,483 3.9 3.5 3.4 3.3

West Virginia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 781,886 782,117 781,017 780,892 42,187 41,265 40,700 40,507 5.4 5.3 5.2 5.2

Wisconsin. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,159,757 3,178,087 3,170,493 3,163,819 101,782 95,109 95,127 95,096 3.2 3.0 3.0 3.0

Wyoming. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 292,348 285,694 285,315 285,519 12,159 11,253 11,593 11,725 4.2 3.9 4.1 4.1

Puerto Rico. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,090,766 1,103,638 1,099,876 1,092,360 116,954 96,905 92,504 87,305 10.7 8.8 8.4 8.0

1 Metropolitan division.

2 Metropolitan statistical area.

p Preliminary

NOTE: Data refer to place of residence. Data for Puerto Rico are derived from a monthly household survey similar to the Current Population Survey. Area definitions are based on Office of

Management and Budget Bulletin No. 15-01, dated July 15, 2015, and are available on the BLS website at https://www.bls.gov/lau/lausmsa.htm. Estimates for the latest month are subject to revision

the following month.
LABOR FORCE DATA

NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED

Table 2. Civilian labor force and unemployment by state and selected area, not seasonally adjusted

State and area

Civilian labor force Unemployed

September October Number Percent of labor force

2017 2018 2017 2018p

September October September October

2017 2018 2017 2018p 2017 2018 2017 2018p

Alabama. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,166,431 2,208,369 2,168,171 2,226,304 79,571 84,194 78,653 84,746 3.7 3.8 3.6 3.8

Alaska. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 363,815 355,369 359,848 354,834 24,193 19,801 24,543 20,510 6.6 5.6 6.8 5.8

Arizona. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,351,088 3,437,172 3,336,707 3,455,227 162,539 168,265 155,387 156,127 4.9 4.9 4.7 4.5

Arkansas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,363,077 1,347,699 1,359,086 1,353,649 48,345 44,798 43,597 44,635 3.5 3.3 3.2 3.3

California. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19,462,033 19,549,346 19,374,412 19,627,398 841,531 767,720 816,310 780,472 4.3 3.9 4.2 4.0

Los Angeles-Long Beach-Glendale1. . . . 5,171,660 5,167,470 5,146,520 5,179,859 237,000 248,024 224,494 242,739 4.6 4.8 4.4 4.7

Colorado. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,035,955 3,112,289 3,034,052 3,118,902 82,092 95,928 83,759 96,425 2.7 3.1 2.8 3.1

Connecticut. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,903,588 1,904,067 1,900,360 1,914,839 80,486 73,161 78,219 73,471 4.2 3.8 4.1 3.8

Delaware. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 474,481 481,487 476,851 484,392 21,221 19,801 20,735 17,177 4.5 4.1 4.3 3.5

District of Columbia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 399,944 399,003 401,245 402,104 25,089 23,790 23,895 22,405 6.3 6.0 6.0 5.6

Florida. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10,202,985 10,263,010 10,128,026 10,261,846 411,122 313,992 390,619 312,597 4.0 3.1 3.9 3.0

Miami-Miami Beach-Kendall1. . . . . . . . . . . 1,387,270 1,364,440 1,386,660 1,357,854 67,082 49,458 65,325 48,791 4.8 3.6 4.7 3.6

Georgia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,099,501 5,119,499 5,082,865 5,137,434 227,050 165,304 223,205 185,183 4.5 3.2 4.4 3.6

Hawaii. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 679,436 681,272 678,823 679,733 15,297 17,069 13,948 17,189 2.3 2.5 2.1 2.5

Idaho. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 839,287 852,381 843,654 855,429 22,497 18,111 21,928 19,126 2.7 2.1 2.6 2.2

Illinois. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,496,827 6,462,858 6,483,672 6,527,645 299,985 245,989 294,392 273,133 4.6 3.8 4.5 4.2

Chicago-Naperville-Arlington Heights1. . . 3,797,676 3,702,559 3,788,939 3,751,182 184,964 133,726 183,508 148,095 4.9 3.6 4.8 3.9

Indiana. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,326,645 3,386,095 3,315,355 3,404,398 109,414 101,932 103,227 120,871 3.3 3.0 3.1 3.6

Iowa. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,677,793 1,683,405 1,675,691 1,697,159 46,234 35,881 39,065 31,932 2.8 2.1 2.3 1.9

Kansas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,476,680 1,483,138 1,477,351 1,495,759 48,648 43,531 45,079 44,785 3.3 2.9 3.1 3.0

Kentucky. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,056,757 2,069,558 2,038,572 2,063,185 88,035 88,257 81,100 86,744 4.3 4.3 4.0 4.2

Louisiana. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,120,750 2,099,174 2,117,409 2,107,987 105,383 104,744 91,126 98,627 5.0 5.0 4.3 4.7

Maine. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 702,255 702,804 702,650 704,726 19,418 21,006 19,379 22,292 2.8 3.0 2.8 3.2

Maryland. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,229,574 3,207,608 3,224,637 3,229,798 124,509 123,648 127,143 121,618 3.9 3.9 3.9 3.8

Massachusetts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,639,953 3,814,745 3,637,788 3,820,853 126,627 120,367 111,544 109,703 3.5 3.2 3.1 2.9

Michigan. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,914,046 4,884,529 4,884,824 4,907,170 221,097 169,211 204,681 185,438 4.5 3.5 4.2 3.8

Detroit-Warren-Dearborn2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,140,148 2,126,331 2,121,865 2,137,075 98,430 79,170 91,876 93,014 4.6 3.7 4.3 4.4

Minnesota. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,071,191 3,073,214 3,059,916 3,084,915 87,539 68,528 73,290 66,585 2.9 2.2 2.4 2.2

Mississippi. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,276,196 1,279,584 1,272,072 1,273,283 59,527 58,078 56,161 53,982 4.7 4.5 4.4 4.2

Missouri. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,052,192 3,056,664 3,031,234 3,070,323 99,677 80,603 82,841 71,387 3.3 2.6 2.7 2.3

Montana. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 525,710 523,111 524,892 524,858 18,235 16,520 19,394 17,279 3.5 3.2 3.7 3.3

Nebraska. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,000,098 1,012,180 1,005,465 1,024,158 27,212 25,895 25,672 27,008 2.7 2.6 2.6 2.6

Nevada. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,473,917 1,519,245 1,474,068 1,526,445 72,059 67,150 68,899 63,591 4.9 4.4 4.7 4.2

New Hampshire. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 743,350 758,780 744,206 758,608 18,490 17,479 17,199 15,562 2.5 2.3 2.3 2.1

New Jersey. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,505,265 4,457,867 4,498,988 4,486,971 210,108 182,302 198,549 160,343 4.7 4.1 4.4 3.6

New Mexico. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 930,215 943,589 933,360 951,378 55,508 43,462 53,585 42,945 6.0 4.6 5.7 4.5

New York. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9,743,446 9,740,425 9,683,391 9,787,056 446,739 365,727 429,759 352,282 4.6 3.8 4.4 3.6

New York City. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,243,249 4,215,371 4,226,863 4,242,780 191,105 169,156 184,876 166,806 4.5 4.0 4.4 3.9

North Carolina. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,989,623 4,957,232 4,972,021 5,013,870 211,307 152,193 211,534 170,887 4.2 3.1 4.3 3.4

North Dakota. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 414,703 401,220 413,442 401,062 8,221 9,029 7,532 7,920 2.0 2.3 1.8 2.0

Ohio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,800,421 5,728,075 5,780,912 5,784,462 270,887 233,676 252,102 247,409 4.7 4.1 4.4 4.3

Cleveland-Elyria2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,037,329 1,039,724 1,022,335 1,039,643 53,335 46,123 48,185 46,414 5.1 4.4 4.7 4.5

Oklahoma. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,846,157 1,854,750 1,848,467 1,861,101 75,274 55,582 73,847 55,951 4.1 3.0 4.0 3.0

Oregon. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,134,310 2,122,489 2,130,000 2,128,399 85,082 78,804 84,155 85,675 4.0 3.7 4.0 4.0

Pennsylvania. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,421,837 6,423,332 6,383,896 6,455,032 283,990 250,856 274,047 252,191 4.4 3.9 4.3 3.9

Rhode Island. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 555,698 559,261 556,526 558,063 22,433 19,529 22,789 17,191 4.0 3.5 4.1 3.1

South Carolina. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,317,579 2,297,655 2,316,025 2,316,491 98,002 76,269 96,947 76,757 4.2 3.3 4.2 3.3

South Dakota. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 454,086 456,501 457,090 459,632 13,828 11,773 13,567 11,995 3.0 2.6 3.0 2.6

Tennessee. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,222,941 3,234,140 3,213,444 3,251,426 105,030 119,695 101,958 120,258 3.3 3.7 3.2 3.7

Texas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13,619,456 13,802,138 13,536,215 13,869,529 548,848 517,036 501,634 478,909 4.0 3.7 3.7 3.5

Utah. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,571,088 1,576,960 1,574,321 1,571,635 46,718 47,651 46,298 43,192 3.0 3.0 2.9 2.7

Vermont. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 343,810 342,964 344,217 342,283 9,919 9,567 7,783 6,224 2.9 2.8 2.3 1.8

Virginia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,327,531 4,323,618 4,302,973 4,345,779 155,426 118,444 146,155 119,863 3.6 2.7 3.4 2.8

Washington. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,761,882 3,792,019 3,757,972 3,823,627 168,840 147,755 163,671 152,043 4.5 3.9 4.4 4.0

Seattle-Bellevue-Everett1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,669,438 1,696,604 1,656,221 1,684,471 67,548 58,721 64,004 55,166 4.0 3.5 3.9 3.3

West Virginia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 785,351 782,682 783,319 785,538 35,865 34,947 36,014 36,147 4.6 4.5 4.6 4.6

Wisconsin. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,166,604 3,147,177 3,159,058 3,148,847 92,134 80,668 86,267 81,663 2.9 2.6 2.7 2.6

Wyoming. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 292,678 285,812 292,185 287,291 10,386 10,605 10,771 10,094 3.5 3.7 3.7 3.5

Puerto Rico. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,091,617 1,088,594 1,055,201 1,082,287 120,527 93,171 120,289 89,486 11.0 8.6 11.4 8.3

1 Metropolitan division.

2 Metropolitan statistical area.

p Preliminary

NOTE: Data refer to place of residence. Data for Puerto Rico are derived from a monthly household survey similar to the Current Population Survey. Area definitions are based on Office of

Management and Budget Bulletin No. 15-01, dated July 15, 2015, and are available on the BLS website at https://www.bls.gov/lau/lausmsa.htm. Estimates for the latest month are subject to revision

the following month.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

SEASONALLY ADJUSTED

Table 3. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by state and selected industry sector, seasonally adjusted

[In thousands]

State

Total1 Construction Manufacturing

Oct.

2017

Aug.

2018

Sept.

2018

Oct.

2018p

Oct.

2017

Aug.

2018

Sept.

2018

Oct.

2018p

Oct.

2017

Aug.

2018

Sept.

2018

Oct.

2018p

Alabama. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,018.5 2,039.8 2,046.2 2,052.1 85.2 86.2 87.1 87.3 263.0 270.9 271.7 273.2

Alaska. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 329.1 326.2 327.2 329.5 14.8 15.2 15.4 15.6 14.7 13.2 13.0 13.5

Arizona. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,793.6 2,869.8 2,875.3 2,880.3 148.4 162.1 163.9 166.4 166.8 173.1 174.6 175.3

Arkansas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,243.9 1,250.5 1,253.5 1,252.3 51.2 51.8 52.1 52.2 157.9 160.0 160.5 160.1

California. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16,927.9 17,189.7 17,200.2 17,236.6 828.2 855.9 855.2 858.2 1,313.8 1,311.9 1,311.3 1,317.9

Colorado. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,675.1 2,743.0 2,742.3 2,747.1 164.5 172.4 171.7 171.5 142.9 146.5 147.5 147.7

Connecticut. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,679.6 1,701.8 1,700.4 1,701.9 59.0 62.4 62.9 62.9 160.4 164.0 164.4 164.7

Delaware2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 458.8 462.6 463.0 463.7 22.2 23.1 23.4 23.5 25.6 26.1 26.1 26.1

District of Columbia2

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 794.0 796.8 795.5 795.9 15.6 15.9 16.0 16.1 1.3 1.4 1.4 1.4

Florida. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8,614.7 8,825.5 8,829.5 8,847.3 509.3 548.4 549.7 552.7 365.6 379.5 377.3 377.4

Georgia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,482.2 4,554.9 4,573.4 4,575.8 186.2 201.7 205.3 207.8 400.9 405.2 405.5 403.8

Hawaii2

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 653.8 667.1 664.4 664.7 36.8 36.3 36.1 36.5 13.9 13.7 13.5 13.7

Idaho. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 723.8 739.9 738.5 739.1 46.2 47.7 47.8 48.2 67.5 70.6 70.9 70.8

Illinois. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,074.8 6,122.1 6,123.8 6,134.1 219.2 226.7 227.9 229.0 581.5 590.5 593.0 594.3

Indiana. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,114.0 3,138.4 3,136.0 3,139.4 135.1 144.9 144.7 146.2 531.6 533.4 531.3 531.5

Iowa. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,573.5 1,593.5 1,591.4 1,595.3 75.3 79.8 80.0 81.6 218.8 226.5 226.7 227.8

Kansas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,405.9 1,430.8 1,425.0 1,425.4 59.1 61.6 60.2 59.8 162.1 166.3 166.3 165.9

Kentucky. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,921.6 1,936.3 1,934.2 1,932.0 76.6 75.2 76.6 76.7 248.3 249.9 249.7 251.3

Louisiana. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,970.3 1,987.3 1,989.7 1,989.7 142.7 149.7 149.3 147.4 133.7 140.0 139.8 139.2

Maine. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 621.2 628.3 629.1 629.1 27.8 29.0 29.0 29.0 51.2 52.1 51.9 51.7

Maryland2

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,723.1 2,751.4 2,750.9 2,761.6 163.4 164.2 163.6 164.1 106.4 108.7 108.2 108.5

Massachusetts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,619.1 3,683.6 3,679.1 3,683.5 155.1 163.1 162.9 163.4 244.2 248.4 247.6 247.7

Michigan. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,379.7 4,437.0 4,438.0 4,441.5 164.4 177.4 175.3 174.4 615.2 623.4 623.7 625.7

Minnesota. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,942.5 2,974.2 2,974.7 2,978.1 119.9 125.1 125.5 127.0 318.9 325.9 324.8 325.0

Mississippi. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,155.1 1,169.5 1,168.1 1,168.9 42.5 43.6 42.9 42.2 143.6 144.8 144.8 145.1

Missouri. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,872.6 2,907.5 2,913.2 2,917.2 123.5 122.2 123.5 123.3 265.5 268.8 271.1 271.9

Montana. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 473.0 479.3 479.6 480.1 27.2 29.3 29.3 28.9 19.9 20.5 20.4 20.5

Nebraska2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,016.1 1,033.1 1,033.3 1,032.2 50.5 52.7 52.5 52.6 98.4 102.4 103.0 102.8

Nevada. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,352.1 1,391.3 1,392.8 1,397.9 83.4 92.3 92.3 92.9 50.0 55.2 56.2 56.9

New Hampshire. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 679.5 689.5 690.9 694.8 27.1 29.4 29.5 29.9 69.9 72.0 72.3 72.4

New Jersey. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,144.8 4,194.9 4,195.9 4,213.3 153.1 148.5 147.5 149.3 245.3 253.5 252.8 255.0

New Mexico. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 832.9 848.1 852.6 855.2 46.3 49.0 49.6 49.7 26.9 27.2 27.4 27.3

New York. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9,546.0 9,634.2 9,646.8 9,668.8 383.9 396.5 397.0 399.5 442.8 443.2 444.0 443.1

North Carolina. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,435.4 4,526.6 4,511.0 4,538.9 209.6 220.0 219.6 220.2 467.0 474.2 474.0 474.4

North Dakota. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 429.8 435.5 435.0 434.9 25.8 27.6 27.4 27.6 24.7 25.3 25.2 25.4

Ohio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,531.8 5,634.6 5,636.3 5,647.2 216.1 225.9 225.3 225.2 689.0 698.2 700.8 702.2

Oklahoma. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,675.9 1,698.1 1,699.7 1,699.1 78.1 77.6 78.5 77.6 129.5 130.9 130.8 130.5

Oregon. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,885.1 1,922.3 1,927.0 1,931.6 98.8 108.0 108.6 109.2 190.8 193.6 194.0 194.6

Pennsylvania. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,971.1 6,027.9 6,044.9 6,063.4 250.3 250.1 254.7 256.6 561.1 565.9 566.1 569.1

Rhode Island. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 496.8 502.1 502.6 503.1 18.3 19.0 19.1 19.4 40.5 41.1 41.6 41.3

South Carolina. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,096.3 2,127.5 2,115.1 2,134.1 100.7 99.0 99.2 99.0 239.7 244.2 244.3 245.3

South Dakota2

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 436.5 440.5 442.3 443.8 23.7 24.7 24.8 24.7 43.1 44.7 44.8 45.1

Tennessee2

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,025.1 3,072.2 3,078.4 3,084.4 124.6 126.1 127.5 129.4 349.1 353.6 355.1 355.1

Texas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12,300.9 12,622.9 12,653.4 12,685.7 721.4 766.7 769.8 771.3 852.6 880.2 883.0 882.5

Utah. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,480.0 1,525.3 1,524.8 1,528.6 99.6 101.2 102.4 103.0 129.0 134.7 134.5 135.2

Vermont. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 315.0 313.0 312.7 312.2 15.2 15.4 15.4 15.3 29.1 29.3 29.3 29.3

Virginia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,956.3 4,019.6 4,025.0 4,027.7 194.9 202.2 202.9 203.6 233.6 242.1 243.1 243.0

Washington. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,351.1 3,440.0 3,448.3 3,460.7 203.8 211.6 211.6 214.1 281.9 288.6 290.1 291.1

West Virginia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 746.6 752.0 752.0 753.5 33.4 34.0 34.0 34.5 46.9 46.9 47.2 47.5

Wisconsin. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,947.2 2,986.3 2,982.2 2,978.7 116.3 124.0 124.9 125.5 469.9 489.2 489.9 489.9

Wyoming. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 282.5 287.6 288.5 288.5 19.4 20.6 20.5 20.9 9.5 9.8 9.9 9.8

Puerto Rico2

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 836.2 852.9 853.5 853.2 20.1 20.5 20.1 20.2 70.0 70.1 70.5 70.7

Virgin Islands3

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36.0 36.9 37.3 37.4 – – – – – – – –

1

Includes mining and logging, information, and other services (except public administration), not shown separately.

2 Mining and logging is combined with construction.

3 Missing series (denoted by ’-’) are not published seasonally adjusted because the seasonal component, which is small relative to the trend-cycle and irregular components,

cannot be separated with sufficient precision.

p Preliminary

NOTE: Data are counts of jobs by place of work. Estimates are currently estimated from 2017 benchmark levels. Estimates subsequent to the current benchmarks are

preliminary and will be revised when new information becomes available.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

SEASONALLY ADJUSTED

Table 3. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by state and selected industry sector, seasonally adjusted-Continued

[In thousands]

State

Trade, transportation, and utilities Financial activities Professional and business services

Oct.

2017

Aug.

2018

Sept.

2018

Oct.

2018p

Oct.

2017

Aug.

2018

Sept.

2018

Oct.

2018p

Oct.

2017

Aug.

2018

Sept.

2018

Oct.

2018p

Alabama. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 378.1 379.6 379.6 380.3 97.2 97.1 97.7 98.4 240.4 248.8 250.9 252.3

Alaska. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63.6 63.4 63.7 63.1 11.6 11.4 11.3 11.4 27.7 27.6 27.9 28.8

Arizona. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 524.9 534.6 534.1 532.9 216.8 220.4 221.2 221.6 426.9 436.5 438.6 440.3

Arkansas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 251.7 252.2 252.3 251.6 52.7 54.2 54.3 54.1 145.2 149.8 150.6 150.6

California. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,060.0 3,084.3 3,081.0 3,077.9 831.8 834.7 836.0 835.9 2,572.6 2,643.4 2,652.9 2,672.0

Colorado. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 462.7 470.3 470.8 471.8 168.3 170.2 169.2 168.9 417.3 431.6 431.3 435.1

Connecticut. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 297.4 297.1 296.2 295.8 127.6 127.7 128.8 129.7 217.7 222.8 222.3 223.0

Delaware. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81.4 82.2 82.3 82.4 47.9 47.8 47.7 47.6 64.2 64.4 64.8 65.7

District of Columbia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33.8 33.8 34.0 34.2 30.1 31.4 31.5 31.6 167.0 167.8 168.5 167.2

Florida. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,749.2 1,772.3 1,770.9 1,774.5 567.8 582.8 581.5 584.5 1,337.4 1,358.7 1,363.2 1,367.5

Georgia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 944.5 962.8 967.3 965.9 242.1 241.7 240.4 240.8 673.1 681.2 685.9 691.2

Hawaii. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121.3 122.7 122.7 122.3 28.3 30.0 29.9 30.0 81.3 83.8 85.0 85.1

Idaho. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 140.9 141.6 142.0 141.6 35.7 36.4 36.5 36.2 90.9 94.0 94.0 94.4

Illinois. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,216.1 1,215.3 1,213.9 1,219.2 393.8 399.7 400.6 400.0 937.1 948.3 944.0 942.0

Indiana. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 598.7 608.2 610.7 612.0 138.1 139.8 140.1 140.2 340.7 343.3 343.7 344.1

Iowa. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 314.0 314.9 313.9 314.0 109.2 111.6 111.6 112.0 139.8 141.9 142.6 142.4

Kansas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 268.4 272.4 272.4 273.7 78.0 79.8 80.0 80.3 179.0 181.8 182.6 183.3

Kentucky. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 406.3 413.1 413.7 413.7 92.6 94.3 94.4 95.0 215.2 217.7 217.4 215.1

Louisiana. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 380.1 382.8 382.7 381.6 92.3 92.6 92.5 93.7 214.1 212.5 211.5 210.7

Maine. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119.2 119.8 120.3 120.4 31.5 31.8 31.8 31.8 66.6 66.6 66.8 66.9

Maryland. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 467.9 472.6 470.6 471.9 145.7 139.7 138.8 138.0 443.6 463.3 459.9 462.2

Massachusetts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 579.9 580.8 582.2 582.3 222.1 222.9 222.9 222.5 568.4 595.2 596.0 597.6

Michigan. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 788.7 791.9 790.0 791.3 219.1 219.9 221.0 221.1 646.6 659.5 659.4 660.1

Minnesota. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 537.5 543.4 543.8 544.6 179.7 180.6 181.5 181.9 374.8 377.8 378.6 377.9

Mississippi. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 232.8 232.7 232.3 232.1 44.4 46.0 45.2 44.8 109.1 113.4 114.3 115.8

Missouri. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 545.0 548.0 547.9 546.9 173.6 177.3 176.0 175.8 386.4 396.0 397.6 399.0

Montana. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94.6 93.6 93.5 94.0 24.4 24.4 24.5 24.5 41.3 42.6 43.0 43.1

Nebraska. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 203.0 202.7 201.4 200.7 74.0 75.5 75.6 75.7 117.3 120.8 121.2 122.1

Nevada. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 250.7 255.2 255.1 254.6 65.7 66.1 65.8 65.3 181.8 188.3 187.7 191.0

New Hampshire. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 141.3 142.5 142.6 143.4 35.5 35.5 35.9 36.0 81.5 82.4 81.1 81.8

New Jersey. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 892.6 905.3 905.3 910.3 248.5 247.1 247.7 247.0 665.0 678.6 686.4 690.8

New Mexico. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135.8 138.6 138.1 138.7 34.2 35.7 35.6 35.3 104.4 108.8 109.5 109.7

New York. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,578.8 1,576.0 1,576.6 1,584.3 719.9 722.4 723.4 723.6 1,323.5 1,334.2 1,333.8 1,339.4

North Carolina. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 833.4 849.8 848.6 853.1 234.0 238.5 240.2 242.0 624.7 646.7 647.1 654.1

North Dakota. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94.4 93.4 93.4 93.2 24.6 24.4 24.8 24.6 34.5 35.5 35.2 35.2

Ohio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,023.5 1,044.1 1,044.6 1,046.8 307.1 312.2 311.8 311.0 720.8 725.4 725.2 728.8

Oklahoma. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 305.5 310.1 310.3 311.5 79.8 79.3 79.5 79.6 186.5 193.0 193.2 191.8

Oregon. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 351.2 358.4 357.0 358.7 100.4 102.4 102.3 101.4 245.2 245.5 247.4 248.9

Pennsylvania. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,127.3 1,130.5 1,130.2 1,130.7 321.5 324.4 325.4 326.8 807.1 814.7 826.2 831.2

Rhode Island. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76.7 76.6 76.3 76.8 36.5 36.6 36.5 36.5 69.0 69.5 69.9 69.3

South Carolina. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 396.1 407.4 405.6 409.3 101.7 101.9 102.0 102.4 278.3 278.0 277.6 285.0

South Dakota. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86.5 86.6 86.5 86.8 29.4 29.3 29.4 29.4 31.5 33.3 33.5 33.9

Tennessee. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 624.3 630.6 632.7 635.1 159.0 161.5 161.2 160.4 408.1 418.3 418.1 417.3

Texas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,464.4 2,523.4 2,528.2 2,537.1 763.5 776.5 783.1 785.2 1,684.9 1,758.3 1,763.1 1,762.5

Utah. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 280.6 293.1 293.3 292.9 84.6 87.4 87.3 88.1 207.2 214.4 212.8 213.2

Vermont. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55.0 54.2 54.0 53.8 12.1 12.5 12.5 12.3 28.4 28.4 28.4 28.2

Virginia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 662.2 672.9 675.4 674.5 205.6 211.6 210.9 211.1 733.8 751.9 750.8 754.0

Washington. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 633.6 655.0 656.2 655.5 155.7 159.0 161.1 162.1 420.6 440.3 439.8 440.8

West Virginia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 132.3 133.8 134.2 134.4 26.9 26.5 26.6 26.9 65.8 66.3 65.8 65.5

Wisconsin. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 537.3 544.1 540.2 536.4 152.4 149.8 149.6 151.1 325.3 322.2 323.2 322.9

Wyoming. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52.3 52.7 52.9 53.0 10.8 11.4 11.3 11.2 18.9 18.8 18.8 18.5

Puerto Rico. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 159.6 168.7 169.9 169.6 41.9 42.2 42.0 42.2 111.3 111.7 111.9 111.8

Virgin Islands1

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.0 7.4 7.4 7.3 – – – – – – – –

1 Missing series (denoted by ’-’) are not published seasonally adjusted because the seasonal component, which is small relative to the trend-cycle and irregular

components, cannot be separated with sufficient precision.

p Preliminary

NOTE: Data are counts of jobs by place of work. Estimates are currently estimated from 2017 benchmark levels. Estimates subsequent to the current benchmarks are

preliminary and will be revised when new information becomes available.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

SEASONALLY ADJUSTED

Table 3. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by state and selected industry sector, seasonally adjusted-Continued

[In thousands]

State

Education and health services Leisure and hospitality Government

Oct.

2017

Aug.

2018

Sept.

2018

Oct.

2018p

Oct.

2017

Aug.

2018

Sept.

2018

Oct.

2018p

Oct.

2017

Aug.

2018

Sept.

2018

Oct.

2018p

Alabama. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 243.4 242.3 243.3 243.9 202.2 204.3 203.0 204.1 384.5 385.4 387.5 386.5

Alaska. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50.0 50.1 50.4 50.5 35.9 35.6 35.6 36.1 80.9 80.3 80.3 80.7

Arizona. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 430.4 441.8 444.0 443.8 322.2 331.4 332.8 334.6 412.1 422.5 417.8 416.2

Arkansas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 187.3 188.2 189.8 190.0 118.8 116.3 116.7 116.9 211.5 211.6 211.4 211.5

California. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,661.4 2,733.8 2,731.1 2,730.0 1,962.6 2,006.1 2,007.9 2,009.5 2,570.5 2,593.2 2,601.4 2,607.0

Colorado. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 334.4 338.1 340.1 340.4 339.5 350.4 349.4 350.7 436.7 449.4 447.7 446.4

Connecticut. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 335.4 342.8 341.8 341.9 154.9 161.1 159.7 159.5 231.2 227.1 227.5 227.8

Delaware. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78.4 78.7 78.9 79.3 49.3 50.5 49.6 48.8 66.5 66.6 66.9 67.1

District of Columbia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 136.7 135.4 134.0 134.1 77.7 79.1 78.9 78.9 239.5 237.5 237.3 237.3

Florida. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,273.6 1,313.6 1,320.4 1,324.9 1,212.2 1,263.7 1,262.9 1,263.3 1,108.0 1,106.2 1,102.5 1,099.1

Georgia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 574.2 588.7 592.4 591.8 481.2 491.5 495.2 492.2 691.2 695.1 693.1 692.7

Hawaii. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85.2 86.6 86.6 86.9 125.0 129.0 128.3 127.8 125.4 127.8 125.2 125.1

Idaho. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104.3 105.5 104.7 105.6 76.2 78.5 77.6 76.8 124.0 127.4 126.7 126.9

Illinois. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 927.3 928.0 929.7 930.4 612.9 618.9 619.5 620.3 831.9 843.2 845.4 846.7

Indiana. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 473.7 475.1 474.2 476.7 306.3 305.8 305.3 302.8 426.3 430.0 426.2 426.2

Iowa. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 230.0 233.1 233.2 232.9 144.6 143.0 143.3 145.4 259.9 263.6 260.0 259.0

Kansas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 197.8 197.7 198.0 198.0 129.4 131.9 130.3 131.6 256.6 263.5 260.3 259.0

Kentucky. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 272.8 273.4 273.2 273.1 195.9 196.0 194.1 193.1 314.8 316.9 315.6 314.3

Louisiana. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 315.2 317.9 318.9 319.8 234.8 234.9 237.3 237.9 326.6 323.7 323.8 323.8

Maine. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 128.0 129.1 129.2 129.5 66.0 68.3 68.2 67.9 99.8 100.7 100.6 100.4

Maryland. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 467.1 474.4 474.9 476.4 275.8 279.2 282.1 283.2 503.0 499.0 501.7 503.4

Massachusetts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 795.5 806.3 808.2 810.4 370.6 378.6 372.5 372.1 451.9 453.2 452.5 452.2

Michigan. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 669.1 678.6 679.2 677.0 435.3 443.1 443.3 444.6 609.5 606.2 610.8 612.4

Minnesota. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 537.8 540.6 540.7 540.8 272.1 276.5 275.9 278.4 427.9 430.8 431.7 431.2

Mississippi. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 145.0 146.5 145.9 146.0 135.9 139.5 138.8 139.0 243.1 244.2 245.3 244.8

Missouri. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 466.9 477.8 477.8 479.4 306.2 310.9 313.1 315.3 433.5 434.3 434.6 434.3

Montana. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76.6 76.7 76.8 76.8 65.5 66.3 66.1 66.4 91.7 93.0 92.7 92.3

Nebraska. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 154.7 157.6 156.8 156.9 91.6 95.5 95.8 95.3 172.1 171.9 173.3 172.6

Nevada. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135.1 140.3 141.0 141.2 351.4 353.7 354.7 357.0 163.8 167.5 167.3 166.3

New Hampshire. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124.4 125.8 126.9 127.2 72.2 72.8 74.0 74.8 90.1 90.6 90.7 91.2

New Jersey. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 702.7 713.4 711.9 713.0 376.6 383.4 380.8 384.5 615.3 617.4 616.1 615.3

New Mexico. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139.8 138.9 140.8 141.0 97.4 101.6 103.2 104.4 186.7 186.8 187.0 187.2

New York. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,018.0 2,051.3 2,064.9 2,071.4 941.1 961.5 960.0 957.4 1,448.4 1,450.7 1,450.6 1,450.0

North Carolina. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 600.4 610.4 610.5 614.3 496.0 503.8 492.5 504.0 734.4 742.7 740.5 738.2

North Dakota. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63.3 64.1 64.4 64.2 39.3 40.4 40.3 40.4 82.2 81.0 80.5 80.6

Ohio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 930.3 946.5 947.1 950.9 561.7 581.5 578.5 580.5 782.2 793.3 791.3 791.3

Oklahoma. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 235.9 237.8 237.3 236.8 171.4 173.5 174.4 175.3 351.2 351.8 352.3 352.0

Oregon. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 275.5 299.0 298.6 298.3 208.8 216.3 217.4 217.2 308.7 293.2 295.3 296.3

Pennsylvania. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,263.1 1,282.9 1,287.0 1,292.9 568.0 578.2 578.1 580.4 702.2 706.3 702.7 702.2

Rhode Island. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107.4 108.8 109.0 108.9 58.2 59.7 59.4 59.4 60.9 60.5 60.5 60.6

South Carolina. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 248.1 255.6 254.9 253.5 254.9 261.3 252.4 261.3 367.0 368.6 368.7 368.7

South Dakota. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72.7 72.1 72.9 73.0 47.2 46.8 47.1 47.5 79.6 79.9 80.1 80.2

Tennessee. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 434.8 440.0 441.0 440.8 332.7 347.3 348.4 350.3 432.8 434.1 433.9 433.9

Texas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,671.3 1,711.4 1,713.2 1,718.3 1,347.1 1,370.9 1,375.0 1,383.7 1,939.7 1,940.5 1,939.7 1,940.3

Utah. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 200.0 207.4 207.4 207.7 146.1 151.0 150.1 150.6 244.8 248.3 249.8 250.6

Vermont. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66.0 65.7 66.3 66.4 38.0 37.0 36.5 36.4 55.8 55.4 55.6 55.8

Virginia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 531.5 542.4 545.9 546.8 400.8 411.1 414.2 415.6 715.8 703.3 699.9 697.0

Washington. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 479.1 489.1 491.4 491.8 333.1 339.3 337.8 339.2 589.6 594.1 595.5 599.1

West Virginia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 130.4 131.5 132.1 132.0 73.8 75.1 74.4 74.7 153.6 155.2 155.3 155.5

Wisconsin. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 453.6 455.7 457.8 458.0 280.0 284.6 284.0 284.3 408.6 414.5 410.0 408.1

Wyoming. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27.9 28.7 28.8 28.5 35.8 37.2 38.0 38.0 69.9 69.7 69.4 69.3

Puerto Rico. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117.9 117.6 117.0 117.0 67.8 79.9 79.9 80.0 213.0 208.0 208.2 207.7

Virgin Islands. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.4 2.6 2.5 2.5 6.8 6.1 6.7 6.5 10.8 10.7 10.6 10.7

p Preliminary

NOTE: Data are counts of jobs by place of work. Estimates are currently estimated from 2017 benchmark levels. Estimates subsequent to the current benchmarks are

preliminary and will be revised when new information becomes available.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED

Table 4. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by state and selected industry sector, not seasonally adjusted

[In thousands]

State

Total Mining and logging Construction

September October September October September October

2017 2018 2017 2018p2017 2018 2017 2018p2017 2018 2017 2018p

Alabama. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,021.2 2,050.5 2,028.2 2,062.7 9.9 10.1 9.8 10.1 86.0 88.4 87.2 89.4

Alaska. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 340.2 337.5 322.9 324.0 13.2 13.2 13.0 13.3 17.3 17.2 15.8 16.8

Arizona. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,794.5 2,878.3 2,813.8 2,901.6 11.9 11.9 11.8 12.0 148.7 165.0 149.8 168.7

Arkansas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,248.3 1,259.7 1,254.1 1,263.3 5.9 5.5 5.8 5.5 52.2 53.9 52.6 53.7

California. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16,857.9 17,187.9 17,008.5 17,324.2 23.0 22.7 22.9 22.9 837.8 873.8 839.7 869.4

Colorado. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,677.5 2,747.1 2,683.0 2,754.0 26.6 31.2 26.9 31.4 167.9 175.9 169.1 175.4

Connecticut. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,681.9 1,701.0 1,688.0 1,709.7 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 61.0 67.0 62.3 66.1

Delaware1

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 457.5 463.1 460.0 465.3 – – – – 22.2 23.6 22.5 23.8

District of Columbia1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 792.7 794.5 797.5 799.5 – – – – 15.6 16.2 15.6 16.2

Florida. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8,389.9 8,775.4 8,619.2 8,849.4 5.5 5.8 5.6 5.8 485.4 551.6 513.7 555.8

Georgia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,453.9 4,565.5 4,500.8 4,594.8 9.3 9.6 9.4 9.4 184.0 206.1 188.6 210.3

Hawaii1

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 651.8 662.4 656.2 666.7 – – – – 36.0 35.9 36.9 36.7

Idaho. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 727.1 744.5 732.2 746.9 3.8 3.9 3.8 4.0 47.5 49.6 47.6 49.6

Illinois. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,103.6 6,155.0 6,147.9 6,207.0 7.8 7.8 7.7 7.9 235.1 242.5 234.2 243.9

Indiana. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,137.1 3,164.2 3,146.3 3,174.8 6.2 6.4 6.1 6.5 144.1 151.2 141.7 153.5

Iowa. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,577.8 1,593.4 1,588.7 1,611.2 2.5 2.6 2.5 2.6 79.8 84.6 80.0 87.1

Kansas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,410.1 1,430.9 1,422.2 1,441.8 6.8 7.2 6.8 7.2 60.8 62.6 61.2 61.9

Kentucky. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,930.6 1,941.5 1,930.7 1,939.4 10.3 10.4 10.2 10.5 80.3 79.5 79.2 79.2

Louisiana. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,967.2 1,986.8 1,982.0 1,998.6 35.1 36.1 34.4 36.6 146.7 149.7 146.7 150.0

Maine. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 636.5 642.1 629.7 636.7 2.4 2.4 2.4 2.4 29.9 30.4 29.1 30.2

Maryland. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,733.0 2,755.0 2,736.9 2,776.2 1.3 1.2 1.3 1.2 164.6 164.8 164.8 165.5

Massachusetts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,629.2 3,697.7 3,654.3 3,719.4 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 159.2 168.4 160.5 168.7

Michigan. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,401.9 4,459.8 4,423.6 4,483.5 7.4 7.4 7.4 7.3 173.0 184.0 175.1 184.3

Minnesota. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,953.3 2,992.0 2,966.5 3,003.1 6.8 6.7 6.8 6.4 129.8 135.1 127.1 135.4

Mississippi. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,152.9 1,169.2 1,161.2 1,174.9 6.9 6.6 6.8 6.6 44.0 43.8 43.5 42.9

Missouri. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,883.0 2,924.0 2,897.3 2,942.2 4.3 4.2 4.3 4.3 126.3 127.8 127.5 127.4

Montana. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 478.3 485.3 476.0 483.3 7.0 7.3 7.1 7.4 29.0 31.4 29.2 30.9

Nebraska. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,019.5 1,036.7 1,023.6 1,039.2 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 52.9 53.6 51.5 53.6

Nevada. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,354.5 1,400.5 1,362.2 1,409.1 14.4 14.6 14.3 14.5 85.2 94.2 85.6 95.2

New Hampshire. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 678.1 693.7 683.7 700.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 27.6 30.4 27.8 30.8

New Jersey. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,146.3 4,198.3 4,160.3 4,230.8 1.4 1.3 1.4 1.3 160.9 151.9 158.6 154.7

New Mexico. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 834.1 855.2 837.6 860.7 21.4 21.5 21.3 21.8 46.4 50.1 47.4 50.7

New York. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9,534.9 9,646.7 9,624.5 9,747.7 5.4 5.4 5.3 5.3 399.1 413.5 398.6 413.9

North Carolina. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,433.5 4,517.8 4,465.4 4,571.5 5.8 5.5 5.8 5.4 211.3 220.8 212.3 222.9

North Dakota. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 435.7 439.9 436.4 442.0 18.9 21.5 18.5 21.5 29.7 30.8 28.5 30.4

Ohio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,555.2 5,656.4 5,578.3 5,692.5 11.9 13.0 12.1 13.0 229.0 237.1 228.5 236.8

Oklahoma. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,673.0 1,703.1 1,687.1 1,710.6 49.4 55.7 49.7 56.5 79.1 79.5 79.3 78.7

Oregon. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,881.6 1,931.6 1,898.4 1,945.3 7.1 7.0 7.1 7.0 102.3 112.3 101.5 112.1

Pennsylvania. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,986.6 6,070.3 6,022.7 6,117.6 27.6 29.8 27.5 30.2 261.0 266.0 259.7 265.8

Rhode Island. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 499.5 507.8 502.6 509.3 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 19.3 20.2 19.2 20.4

South Carolina. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,085.1 2,114.4 2,102.1 2,140.1 4.2 4.4 4.2 4.4 98.5 98.5 100.7 98.8

South Dakota. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 438.3 446.3 438.7 446.6 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.9 23.7 25.5 23.9 24.9

Tennessee. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,033.1 3,091.0 3,047.8 3,106.7 4.2 4.2 4.1 4.2 122.7 125.2 121.5 126.5

Texas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12,219.4 12,632.8 12,352.5 12,738.7 227.4 263.6 228.8 268.2 715.9 770.9 730.4 779.9

Utah. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,482.7 1,531.6 1,490.9 1,539.2 8.6 8.5 8.6 8.5 101.3 105.0 102.1 105.3

Vermont. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 315.8 313.3 318.6 315.6 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 16.3 16.7 16.3 16.5

Virginia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,964.9 4,032.0 3,977.7 4,048.3 8.1 8.4 8.1 8.4 196.5 205.8 197.0 205.9

Washington. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,355.1 3,458.5 3,374.0 3,486.5 6.3 6.3 6.2 6.4 207.7 216.6 207.8 218.9

West Virginia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 751.4 757.1 756.7 764.0 22.0 22.1 21.9 21.9 35.0 36.3 36.1 37.5

Wisconsin. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,957.0 2,996.9 2,979.5 3,011.0 4.7 4.8 4.7 4.8 124.1 132.2 122.2 131.5

Wyoming. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 287.9 294.1 284.4 290.8 20.1 21.3 20.2 21.4 20.9 21.9 20.8 22.5

Puerto Rico. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 867.0 849.6 836.3 853.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 20.5 19.8 19.7 19.7

Virgin Islands1

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36.8 36.9 35.7 37.2 – – – – 1.7 2.5 1.9 2.5

1 Mining and logging is combined with construction.

p Preliminary

NOTE: Data are counts of jobs by place of work. Estimates are currently estimated from 2017 benchmark levels. Estimates subsequent to the current benchmarks are

preliminary and will be revised when new information becomes available.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED

Table 4. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by state and selected industry sector, not seasonally adjustedContinued

[In thousands]

State

Manufacturing Trade, transportation, and utilities Information

September October September October September October

2017 2018 2017 2018p

2017 2018 2017 2018p2017 2018 2017 2018p

Alabama. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 263.6 272.6 263.2 273.4 376.5 377.7 380.5 382.7 20.5 21.4 20.9 21.5

Alaska. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14.3 13.8 10.9 10.3 67.1 66.1 62.6 61.9 5.9 5.7 5.8 5.7

Arizona. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 165.7 174.6 166.1 174.8 521.6 530.7 525.9 533.2 44.5 46.8 44.7 47.2

Arkansas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 157.9 160.4 157.7 159.9 250.7 250.9 251.9 251.8 13.0 12.0 13.0 12.0

California. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,326.2 1,326.4 1,317.2 1,321.1 3,038.1 3,070.4 3,064.8 3,081.7 533.6 541.2 540.0 548.3

Colorado. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 144.4 147.4 143.5 148.0 460.5 468.7 461.5 470.6 71.1 75.7 72.8 75.1

Connecticut. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 159.0 164.5 159.9 164.3 296.7 293.9 298.1 296.2 31.3 30.4 31.0 30.4

Delaware. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25.8 26.2 25.8 26.3 81.3 82.2 81.2 82.2 4.5 4.2 4.4 4.1

District of Columbia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.3 1.4 1.3 1.4 33.5 33.5 33.6 34.0 18.1 19.1 18.0 19.5

Florida. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 357.8 376.4 365.6 377.0 1,699.7 1,748.0 1,738.7 1,764.7 134.6 135.7 136.8 137.5

Georgia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 397.7 404.9 399.5 402.1 936.8 961.7 945.0 965.4 115.1 117.7 118.5 120.9

Hawaii. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14.2 13.6 14.0 13.8 121.5 122.2 121.5 122.5 9.1 9.0 9.0 9.2

Idaho. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67.7 71.5 68.3 71.7 141.0 143.0 142.3 142.8 9.0 8.8 9.1 8.7

Illinois. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 577.5 591.6 581.2 594.1 1,210.0 1,208.4 1,222.8 1,226.0 94.9 92.1 95.4 94.3

Indiana. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 533.2 531.8 532.6 532.1 595.0 609.9 600.7 615.0 30.4 28.7 30.6 28.5

Iowa. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 217.0 225.7 218.1 227.3 312.5 311.7 314.6 314.6 21.7 21.6 21.7 21.7

Kansas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 162.6 166.4 162.5 166.2 268.5 271.6 270.2 275.8 18.8 17.0 18.8 17.0

Kentucky. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 249.7 250.0 249.1 252.3 402.3 412.7 405.2 412.6 22.6 22.3 22.6 21.9

Louisiana. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 134.3 139.7 135.0 139.9 378.3 380.2 378.8 379.5 21.9 21.2 22.5 22.3

Maine. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51.6 52.3 51.6 52.1 121.3 121.4 120.8 121.8 7.2 7.0 7.3 6.9

Maryland. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106.7 108.1 106.3 108.4 465.5 469.1 467.2 470.9 37.1 35.6 36.4 35.9

Massachusetts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 243.6 247.1 244.0 247.3 579.0 582.0 582.7 585.1 91.9 91.8 90.4 92.3

Michigan. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 614.8 624.8 615.1 625.8 788.0 788.6 790.6 792.8 56.3 55.4 55.8 55.0

Minnesota. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 320.5 327.0 320.5 326.3 534.6 542.8 539.3 546.2 50.0 49.9 50.4 50.1

Mississippi. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 143.7 144.6 143.8 145.3 230.4 230.3 232.6 231.7 11.3 11.1 11.3 11.1

Missouri. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 266.7 271.1 265.5 272.2 543.4 547.0 546.7 547.7 51.3 52.1 51.3 51.8

Montana. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20.1 20.6 20.2 20.8 94.9 93.2 94.4 93.8 6.5 6.5 6.4 6.4

Nebraska. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98.1 103.1 98.4 102.7 201.2 199.8 203.5 200.9 17.9 16.9 18.1 17.0

Nevada. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49.7 56.2 50.1 57.1 249.7 253.7 252.1 255.5 14.4 14.4 14.5 14.6

New Hampshire. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69.1 72.7 70.0 72.5 139.3 141.1 141.2 143.2 12.5 12.1 12.5 12.2

New Jersey. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 245.4 252.9 245.9 255.7 887.2 902.9 893.3 911.8 70.2 69.8 69.5 68.7

New Mexico. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26.8 27.6 27.1 27.6 135.8 138.0 136.0 138.9 11.6 11.2 11.6 11.3

New York. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 447.0 446.9 445.5 445.7 1,569.5 1,570.9 1,583.2 1,590.1 271.3 268.4 270.3 269.0

North Carolina. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 468.5 476.4 468.2 475.5 824.3 842.5 831.8 852.4 78.3 81.8 79.6 82.0

North Dakota. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25.1 25.4 25.1 25.8 94.5 93.1 95.0 93.8 6.5 6.3 6.4 6.3

Ohio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 685.7 698.6 687.5 700.5 1,018.7 1,036.9 1,028.2 1,049.9 71.3 70.8 71.3 71.1

Oklahoma. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 128.9 131.2 129.7 130.6 302.6 309.7 305.4 312.1 19.9 18.5 20.0 18.6

Oregon. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 191.8 196.1 191.6 195.6 351.9 357.4 352.5 359.6 34.4 33.6 34.6 33.5

Pennsylvania. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 561.7 566.5 561.5 569.6 1,123.7 1,126.2 1,132.7 1,136.2 82.2 80.6 81.0 79.7

Rhode Island. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40.4 41.4 40.5 41.3 77.2 76.6 77.2 77.3 6.1 6.0 6.0 6.1

South Carolina. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 241.7 244.3 239.5 245.3 394.2 404.5 395.4 409.1 27.3 27.1 27.8 27.3

South Dakota. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43.4 45.1 43.6 45.6 86.5 86.0 86.4 86.8 5.7 5.6 5.7 5.6

Tennessee. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 348.7 355.9 349.7 355.6 622.4 630.3 624.2 635.3 45.2 44.2 45.1 44.9

Texas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 856.2 884.4 855.2 884.4 2,444.9 2,521.4 2,469.0 2,544.0 200.3 195.2 199.8 195.3

Utah. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 129.6 134.8 129.8 135.9 278.7 292.4 281.2 293.2 38.3 37.9 39.0 38.3

Vermont. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29.4 29.5 29.4 29.7 54.7 53.6 55.1 53.8 4.4 4.1 4.4 4.1

Virginia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 234.4 244.1 234.4 243.7 660.1 672.0 664.4 676.4 67.4 66.7 66.8 66.6

Washington. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 285.5 294.0 283.8 292.9 634.2 658.2 636.4 658.3 128.5 136.9 127.8 137.4

West Virginia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46.6 47.1 46.9 47.6 131.7 133.6 133.3 135.5 8.4 8.1 8.4 8.2

Wisconsin. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 469.1 490.6 470.3 490.5 539.9 540.1 542.3 540.5 47.0 46.8 47.3 47.5

Wyoming. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.6 9.9 9.8 10.1 52.6 53.1 52.1 52.8 3.7 3.7 3.6 3.6

Puerto Rico. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71.7 70.5 70.2 70.9 168.2 167.8 158.4 168.5 17.5 16.7 17.2 16.7

Virgin Islands. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 7.5 7.3 7.0 7.3 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6

p Preliminary

NOTE: Data are counts of jobs by place of work. Estimates are currently estimated from 2017 benchmark levels. Estimates subsequent to the current benchmarks are

preliminary and will be revised when new information becomes available.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED

Table 4. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by state and selected industry sector, not seasonally adjustedContinued

[In thousands]

State

Financial activities Professional and business services Education and health services

September October September October September October

2017 2018 2017 2018p

2017 2018 2017 2018p2017 2018 2017 2018p

Alabama. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97.7 97.7 97.3 98.7 241.4 252.5 242.2 254.7 242.6 243.9 245.2 246.0

Alaska. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.9 11.5 11.7 11.5 28.5 28.7 27.4 28.6 49.6 50.1 49.7 50.2

Arizona. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 215.7 220.1 216.2 221.2 421.7 437.1 430.3 444.7 431.0 442.9 433.4 446.7

Arkansas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52.9 54.3 53.0 54.4 145.2 152.4 147.7 153.2 189.5 190.7 189.0 192.2

California. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 830.7 835.3 832.4 836.8 2,583.9 2,657.1 2,591.9 2,692.4 2,644.8 2,719.4 2,679.0 2,746.9

Colorado. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 167.9 169.3 167.7 168.2 418.2 434.7 422.3 440.6 334.3 339.2 336.4 342.7

Connecticut. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 127.4 128.5 127.1 129.4 218.9 223.3 219.0 224.2 334.4 340.8 339.1 345.5

Delaware. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48.1 48.0 48.0 47.7 61.3 63.5 64.2 66.1 78.3 78.4 78.6 79.5

District of Columbia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30.2 31.8 30.2 31.8 165.9 167.6 167.5 167.7 137.4 134.3 140.0 137.5

Florida. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 559.7 578.9 567.1 583.9 1,292.3 1,359.2 1,345.8 1,377.9 1,260.2 1,315.4 1,278.1 1,330.0

Georgia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 243.4 239.9 244.1 242.6 669.4 684.7 678.0 698.6 571.1 593.5 578.8 596.5

Hawaii. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28.5 29.9 28.3 30.0 82.0 85.3 81.7 85.6 85.3 86.6 85.5 87.1

Idaho. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35.4 36.5 35.9 36.4 92.0 94.8 91.8 95.3 102.7 104.1 105.5 106.7

Illinois. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 391.5 399.3 394.1 399.7 952.8 957.6 958.6 963.0 922.4 926.3 936.6 939.5

Indiana. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 136.2 140.4 137.5 139.9 342.0 347.6 345.3 348.9 472.9 475.5 479.8 484.0

Iowa. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109.0 111.2 109.0 111.7 140.3 142.6 141.7 143.9 231.1 233.0 233.3 236.1

Kansas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77.9 80.0 78.0 80.4 178.4 183.9 181.5 185.6 196.8 197.2 198.7 198.9

Kentucky. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93.3 94.2 92.3 94.8 215.7 217.7 217.5 216.8 273.5 274.0 274.6 274.8

Louisiana. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91.5 92.5 92.2 93.9 209.4 211.1 216.6 212.9 315.4 319.0 317.8 322.2

Maine. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31.7 32.0 31.4 31.7 67.1 67.4 67.4 67.6 128.0 129.2 128.9 130.3

Maryland. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 147.2 138.9 146.3 138.3 447.4 462.9 447.1 466.0 463.5 472.2 471.2 481.3

Massachusetts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 221.7 223.4 222.4 222.3 570.2 600.9 575.8 605.2 794.2 804.4 801.7 817.8

Michigan. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 218.1 221.2 218.5 220.5 648.1 656.9 656.3 668.8 670.9 677.7 675.4 683.0

Minnesota. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 180.1 181.7 179.6 182.0 374.7 378.9 380.1 383.8 535.7 538.0 538.6 541.4

Mississippi. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44.1 45.0 44.8 45.1 106.9 114.9 109.7 116.8 146.1 146.2 146.2 146.8

Missouri. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 173.7 176.0 173.8 175.7 386.0 397.4 390.5 402.9 466.6 475.8 471.1 484.2

Montana. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24.5 24.6 24.5 24.7 41.3 43.2 41.9 43.7 76.5 76.7 76.6 76.8

Nebraska. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74.2 75.5 74.1 75.7 118.2 122.3 118.3 123.2 154.1 156.6 155.6 157.8

Nevada. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65.6 65.5 66.2 65.7 182.4 189.2 184.3 194.5 134.8 141.6 135.0 141.3

New Hampshire. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34.8 36.1 35.2 35.8 82.4 81.5 82.0 82.3 123.0 126.1 125.2 128.3

New Jersey. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 250.7 248.8 247.7 246.1 672.0 691.9 672.3 699.1 694.0 705.4 707.5 717.9

New Mexico. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33.8 35.6 34.3 35.3 105.5 110.1 104.8 110.3 139.1 140.6 140.3 141.8

New York. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 716.7 722.5 719.4 723.0 1,328.9 1,337.6 1,331.2 1,347.1 1,995.3 2,046.1 2,046.8 2,101.8

North Carolina. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 234.7 241.3 234.2 242.5 618.9 647.4 630.4 661.8 598.8 611.5 605.4 620.1

North Dakota. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24.4 24.6 24.5 24.5 34.8 35.9 35.0 35.8 63.3 64.2 63.7 64.6

Ohio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 307.3 312.3 307.4 311.0 726.2 730.8 732.1 740.4 930.6 945.1 937.0 958.9

Oklahoma. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79.6 79.1 79.9 79.6 188.4 194.7 188.0 193.3 236.1 237.8 237.3 238.1

Oregon. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100.7 102.3 100.9 101.5 245.5 249.5 246.8 250.9 274.1 297.7 277.7 300.2

Pennsylvania. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 321.8 326.1 321.1 326.5 807.2 833.4 814.8 840.6 1,255.8 1,282.7 1,277.7 1,308.3

Rhode Island. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36.2 36.4 36.6 36.6 68.4 70.6 70.0 70.1 106.8 108.6 109.5 111.2

South Carolina. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102.4 102.0 102.0 102.7 275.5 276.5 280.5 287.4 246.0 255.8 250.6 256.1

South Dakota. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29.3 29.4 29.2 29.2 31.2 33.7 31.4 34.0 72.2 72.6 72.8 73.2

Tennessee. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 158.8 161.5 159.7 160.9 409.5 420.6 412.4 421.1 434.4 442.7 439.4 445.5

Texas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 763.3 784.0 766.6 789.5 1,683.2 1,767.1 1,697.1 1,772.8 1,667.8 1,712.6 1,681.3 1,727.4

Utah. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84.1 87.3 84.8 88.4 210.1 214.8 210.0 215.7 201.6 208.8 203.2 211.0

Vermont. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12.0 12.6 12.2 12.3 28.8 29.0 29.1 28.7 65.5 65.8 66.4 66.9

Virginia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 206.6 211.3 206.0 211.8 732.5 752.1 737.9 758.9 531.6 547.6 537.6 553.7

Washington. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 154.9 161.5 155.4 162.1 422.0 445.4 424.7 445.3 478.3 488.1 483.0 495.8

West Virginia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27.0 26.7 27.2 27.2 67.2 66.0 66.4 65.9 131.0 133.4 132.2 133.6

Wisconsin. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 152.7 149.4 152.0 151.0 326.3 326.8 330.9 328.0 451.3 457.1 457.1 462.0

Wyoming. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.0 11.3 10.8 11.2 18.7 19.2 19.1 18.7 27.8 28.8 28.2 28.7

Puerto Rico. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42.5 41.9 41.9 42.1 112.2 110.7 111.2 111.8 120.9 116.8 118.3 117.6

Virgin Islands. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.1 3.1 3.6 3.1 3.7 2.4 2.5 2.4 2.5

p Preliminary

NOTE: Data are counts of jobs by place of work. Estimates are currently estimated from 2017 benchmark levels. Estimates subsequent to the current benchmarks are

preliminary and will be revised when new information becomes available.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED

Table 4. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by state and selected industry sector, not seasonally adjustedContinued

[In thousands]

State

Leisure and hospitality Other services Government

September October September October September October

2017 2018 2017 2018p

2017 2018 2017 2018p2017 2018 2017 2018p

Alabama. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 203.8 203.9 200.2 201.7 93.9 94.2 93.5 94.2 385.3 388.1 388.2 390.3

Alaska. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39.7 39.3 32.9 33.1 11.2 10.9 11.2 10.9 81.5 81.0 81.9 81.7

Arizona. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 319.4 329.3 320.5 333.1 88.4 88.5 87.8 89.8 425.9 431.4 427.3 430.2

Arkansas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118.5 117.9 119.1 117.5 48.7 48.2 49.0 47.8 213.8 213.5 215.3 215.3

California. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,954.5 2,016.9 1,962.2 2,008.8 566.9 563.2 569.8 565.4 2,518.4 2,561.5 2,588.6 2,630.5

Colorado. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 334.7 346.7 327.4 338.1 109.3 107.9 109.9 109.3 442.6 450.4 445.5 454.6

Connecticut. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 158.7 161.1 153.7 158.1 65.3 65.8 63.8 65.0 228.6 225.1 233.4 229.9

Delaware. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51.5 51.3 48.7 48.0 18.5 19.0 19.0 19.3 66.0 66.7 67.6 68.3

District of Columbia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77.3 79.1 78.2 79.5 74.2 74.8 74.4 75.2 239.2 236.7 238.7 236.7

Florida. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,142.7 1,238.1 1,192.7 1,241.6 338.7 357.0 348.2 359.8 1,113.3 1,109.3 1,126.9 1,115.4

Georgia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 477.9 493.2 478.6 489.5 158.1 160.1 161.2 160.5 691.1 694.1 699.1 699.0

Hawaii. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123.1 127.9 124.9 127.4 27.8 28.2 27.7 28.2 124.3 123.8 126.7 126.2

Idaho. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78.4 79.7 75.1 75.6 25.1 26.1 25.5 26.2 124.5 126.5 127.3 129.9

Illinois. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 619.6 629.2 615.6 623.4 251.4 248.6 252.0 250.1 840.6 851.6 849.7 865.1

Indiana. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 311.6 310.3 307.1 303.9 126.0 124.2 126.9 124.7 439.5 438.2 438.0 437.8

Iowa. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 145.5 144.4 143.6 144.9 57.5 55.6 57.6 56.0 260.9 260.4 266.6 265.3

Kansas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 129.7 130.5 129.5 131.8 50.7 50.8 50.7 50.2 259.1 263.7 264.3 266.8

Kentucky. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 199.2 197.3 197.1 193.4 65.8 66.7 66.0 66.9 317.9 316.7 316.9 316.2

Louisiana. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 234.2 236.6 233.6 236.7 73.6 76.3 73.9 77.1 326.8 324.4 330.5 327.5

Maine. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74.3 75.8 66.4 68.0 21.7 22.4 21.6 22.6 101.3 101.8 102.8 103.1

Maryland. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 285.4 287.8 272.7 280.5 113.9 115.2 113.4 117.7 500.4 499.2 510.2 510.5

Massachusetts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 378.8 385.6 374.3 375.4 137.0 140.4 139.4 141.8 452.4 452.5 461.9 462.3

Michigan. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 443.2 451.4 433.1 442.1 168.0 173.0 168.7 172.6 614.1 619.4 627.6 631.3

Minnesota. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 280.2 286.9 270.3 276.6 116.8 115.7 117.3 115.2 424.1 429.3 436.5 439.7

Mississippi. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 134.6 139.1 136.2 139.3 40.4 40.8 40.3 41.3 244.5 246.8 246.0 248.0

Missouri. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 309.5 318.8 306.4 316.5 116.5 115.3 116.2 115.0 438.7 438.5 444.0 444.5

Montana. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67.6 69.4 63.7 64.6 18.6 19.7 18.3 19.9 92.3 92.7 93.7 94.3

Nebraska. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92.9 97.7 90.8 94.6 36.6 36.6 36.5 36.5 172.3 173.5 175.7 176.1

Nevada. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 352.1 358.0 351.3 357.3 41.6 43.9 41.9 44.1 164.6 169.2 166.9 169.3

New Hampshire. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73.0 76.0 71.4 74.2 24.1 24.8 24.2 25.1 91.3 91.9 93.2 94.6

New Jersey. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 388.7 395.0 368.3 377.0 172.5 175.3 172.1 175.6 603.3 603.1 623.7 622.9

New Mexico. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97.3 102.9 96.1 103.5 28.2 28.4 28.1 28.4 188.2 189.2 190.6 191.1

New York. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 960.8 985.1 948.0 961.9 412.4 421.7 414.1 427.1 1,428.5 1,428.6 1,462.1 1,462.8

North Carolina. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 499.9 496.0 494.9 502.4 151.5 149.1 150.6 150.9 741.5 745.5 752.2 755.6

North Dakota. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39.8 40.8 39.4 40.6 16.1 16.4 16.4 16.2 82.6 80.9 83.9 82.5

Ohio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 572.7 588.7 560.9 580.6 214.9 226.2 217.2 226.3 786.9 796.9 796.1 804.0

Oklahoma. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 170.0 175.2 171.3 175.5 68.1 69.5 69.2 69.5 350.9 352.2 357.3 358.1

Oregon. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 212.4 223.7 208.0 216.2 63.8 65.7 64.5 67.2 297.6 286.3 313.2 301.5

Pennsylvania. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 576.0 586.9 569.9 583.0 259.7 262.8 260.8 261.9 709.9 709.3 716.0 715.8

Rhode Island. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61.4 63.7 58.7 60.1 23.0 24.0 23.0 24.6 60.5 60.1 61.7 61.4

South Carolina. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 253.2 253.5 253.0 259.0 75.0 78.3 77.4 77.4 367.1 369.5 371.0 372.6

South Dakota. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48.7 49.3 46.8 47.4 16.7 17.4 17.0 17.5 79.9 80.7 80.9 81.5

Tennessee. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 333.6 351.2 334.4 351.6 114.5 115.7 113.9 116.6 439.1 439.5 443.4 444.5

Texas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,319.5 1,371.2 1,338.0 1,376.6 424.9 440.2 427.5 441.8 1,916.0 1,922.2 1,958.8 1,958.8

Utah. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 145.1 149.8 142.8 147.1 40.2 41.0 40.8 41.0 245.1 251.3 248.6 254.8

Vermont. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36.9 35.2 36.1 34.3 10.2 9.9 10.2 9.8 56.8 56.1 58.6 58.7

Virginia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 406.7 420.2 399.5 414.4 202.6 206.5 203.0 206.9 718.4 697.3 723.0 701.6

Washington. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 340.9 346.5 332.0 338.3 120.2 122.6 120.0 124.3 576.6 582.4 596.9 606.8

West Virginia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74.9 75.8 74.4 75.6 53.6 52.3 53.4 52.5 154.0 155.7 156.5 158.5

Wisconsin. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 286.5 292.0 280.5 284.5 150.6 150.8 152.3 151.1 404.8 406.3 419.9 419.6

Wyoming. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39.3 41.2 34.4 36.8 14.1 13.9 14.3 14.4 70.1 69.8 71.1 70.6

Puerto Rico. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80.3 79.4 67.4 79.8 17.5 17.2 17.4 17.3 215.2 208.3 214.1 208.6

Virgin Islands. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.8 6.3 6.5 6.3 0.9 0.9 0.8 1.0 11.1 10.5 10.7 10.6

p Preliminary

NOTE: Data are counts of jobs by place of work. Estimates are currently estimated from 2017 benchmark levels. Estimates subsequent to the current benchmarks are

preliminary and will be revised when new information becomes available.
TEXAS

N.M.

CALIF.

NEV.

MONT.

ARIZ.

ORE.

S.D.

WYO.

KAN. MO.

N.D.

COLO.

NEB.

GA.

UTAH ILL.

MINN.

LA.

PA.

IDAHO

FLA.

N.Y.

KY.

WIS.

N.C.

VA.

OKLA.

ALA.

ARK.

IOWA

WASH.

MISS.

IND.

OHIO

S.C.

MICH.

TENN.

MAINE

W.VA.

VT.

MD.

N.H.

Map 1. Unemployment rates by state, seasonally adjusted, 

October 2018

(U.S. rate = 3.7 percent)

HAWAII

ALASKA

D.C.

!

MASS.

! CONN.

! R.I.

!

DEL.

!

N.J.

6.0% or higher

5.0% to 5.9%

4.0% to 4.9%

3.0% to 3.9%

2.9% or lower
WASH.

ORE.

CALIF.

IDAHO

NEV.

ARIZ.

MONT.

WYO.

COLO.

N.M.

N.D.

S.D.

NEB.

KAN.

OKLA.

TEXAS

MINN.

IOWA

MO.

ARK.

LA.

WIS.

ILL.

MICH.

IND. OHIO

KY.

TENN.

MISS. ALA. GA.

S.C.

N.C.

VA.

W.VA.

PA.

N.Y.

MAINE

N.H.

VT.

MASS.

R.I.

N.J.

CONN.

DEL.

FLA.

MD. UTAH

ALASKA

HAWAII

D.C.

3.1% or higher

2.1% to 3.0%

1.1% to 2.0%

0.1% to 1.0%

0.0% or lower

Map 2. Percentage change in nonfarm employment by state,

seasonally adjusted, October 2017 - October 2018