Bureau of Labor Statistics Washington, D.C. 20212 

Technical information: 

 Household data: (202) 691-6378 USDL 09-0328 

 http://www.bls.gov/cps/ 

 Establishment data: (202) 691-6555 Transmission of material in this release 

 http://www.bls.gov/ces/ is embargoed until 8:30 A.M. (EDT), 

Media contact: (202) 691-5902 Friday, April 3, 2009. 

THE EMPLOYMENT SITUATION: MARCH 2009 

Nonfarm payroll employment continued to decline sharply in March (-663,000), and the unemployment rate rose from 8.1 to 8.5 percent, the Bureau of Labor Statistics of the U.S. Department of Labor 

reported today. Since the recession began in December 2007, 5.1 million jobs have been lost, with almost two-thirds (3.3 million) of the decrease occurring in the last 5 months. In March, job losses were 

large and widespread across the major industry sectors. 

Unemployment (Household Survey Data)

In March, the number of unemployed persons increased by 694,000 to 13.2 million, and the unemployment rate rose to 8.5 percent. Over the past 12 months, the number of unemployed persons has 

grown by about 5.3 million, and the unemployment rate has risen by 3.4 percentage points. Half of the 

increase in both the number of unemployed and the unemployment rate occurred in the last 4 months. 

(See table A-1.) 

The unemployment rates continued to trend upward in March for adult men (8.8 percent), adult 

women (7.0 percent), whites (7.9 percent), and Hispanics (11.4 percent). The jobless rates for blacks 

(13.3 percent) and teenagers (21.7 percent) were little changed over the month. The unemployment rate 

for Asians was 6.4 percent in March, not seasonally adjusted, up from 3.6 percent a year earlier. (See 

tables A-1, A-2, and A-3.) 

News United States 

Department 

of Labor 

Chart 1. Unemployment rate, seasonally adjusted,

April 2006 – March 2009

4.0

4.5

5.0

5.5

6.0

6.5

7.0

7.5

8.0

8.5

9.0

9.5

10.0

Percent Millions

Chart 2. Nonfarm payroll employment, seasonally adjusted, 

April 2006 – March 2009

2007 2008 2009

122.0

124.0

126.0

128.0

130.0

132.0

134.0

136.0

138.0

140.0

142.0

2007 2008 2009
2

Table A. Major indicators of labor market activity, seasonally adjusted

(Numbers in thousands)

HOUSEHOLD DATA

Civilian labor force ............................... 154,648 153,993 153,716 154,214 154,048 -166

Employment ..................................... 144,046 141,578 142,099 141,748 140,887 -861

Unemployment .................................. 10,602 12,415 11,616 12,467 13,161 694

Not in labor force .................................. 80,177 80,920 81,023 80,699 81,038 339

All workers ......................................... 6.9 8.1 7.6 8.1 8.5 0.4

Adult men ........................................ 6.8 8.2 7.6 8.1 8.8 .7

Adult women ..................................... 5.6 6.7 6.2 6.7 7.0 .3

Teenagers ........................................ 20.7 21.3 20.8 21.6 21.7 .1

White ............................................ 6.3 7.4 6.9 7.3 7.9 .6

Black or African American 

................... 11.5 13.1 12.6 13.4 13.3 -.1

Hispanic or Latino ethnicity ................. 8.9 10.7 9.7 10.9 11.4 .5

ESTABLISHMENT DATA 

Nonfarm employment ............................ 135,727 p 133,678 134,333 p 133,682 p 133,019 p -663

Goods-producing 1.............................. 20,803 p 19,835 20,127 p 19,842 p 19,537 p -305

Construction .................................... 6,949 p 6,593 6,706 p 6,599 p 6,473 p -126

Manufacturing ............................... 13,062 p 12,474 12,640 p 12,471 p 12,310 p -161

Service-providing 1 ............................. 114,924 p 113,843 114,206 p 113,840 p 113,482 p -358

 Retail trade 2 ................................. 15,127 p 14,942 14,992 p 14,941 p 14,893 p -48

Professional and business service ........... 17,485 p 17,042 17,205 p 17,027 p 16,894 p -133

Education and health services ............... 19,035 p 19,136 19,119 p 19,141 p 19,149 p 8

Leisure and hospitality ...................... 13,348 p 13,236 13,268 p 13,240 p 13,200 p -40

Government .................................... 22,538 p 22,540 22,540 p 22,543 p 22,538 p -5

Total private ....................................... 33.4 p 33.3 33.3 p 33.3 p 33.2 p -0.1

Manufacturing .................................. 40.2 p 39.5 39.8 p 39.5 p 39.3 p -.2

 Overtime ....................................... 3.2 p 2.8 2.9 p 2.7 p 2.7 p .0

Total private ........................................ 104.1 p 101.8 102.5 p 101.9 p 100.9 p -1.0

Average hourly earnings, total private ......... $18.34 p $18.47 $18.43 p $18.47 p $18.50 p $0.03

Average weekly earnings, total private ....... 612.55 p 614.32 613.72 p 615.05 p 614.20 p -.85

Earnings 3

 Employment

Labor force status

Unemployment rates 

p = preliminary.

Feb.-Mar. 

change

Hours of work 3

1

 Includes other industries, not shown separately.

2

 Quarterly averages and the over-the-month change are calculated using unrounded data.

3

 Data relate to private production and nonsupervisory workers.

Category

Quarterly averages Monthly data

Indexes of aggregate weekly hours (2002=100) 3

IV 2008 I 2009 Jan. 2009 Feb. 2009 Mar. 2009
3

Among the unemployed, the number of job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs 

increased by 547,000 to 8.2 million in March. This group has nearly doubled in size over the past 12 

months. (See table A-8.) 

The number of long-term unemployed (those jobless for 27 weeks or more) rose to 3.2 million over 

the month and has increased by about 1.9 million since the start of the recession in December 2007. 

(See table A-9.) 

Total Employment and the Labor Force (Household Survey Data)

The civilian labor force participation rate (65.5 percent) was little changed in March. The employment-population ratio fell by 0.4 percentage point to 59.9 percent. The employment-population ratio for 

adult men was 68.2 percent in March, down 4.3 percentage points since December 2007. The employment-population ratio for adult women was 56.8 percent, down 1.3 percentage points since the beginning of the recession. (See table A-1.) 

In March, the number of persons working part time for economic reasons (sometimes referred to as 

involuntary part-time workers) climbed by 423,000 to 9.0 million. (See table A-5.) 

Persons Not in the Labor Force (Household Survey Data)

About 2.1 million persons (not seasonally adjusted) were marginally attached to the labor force in 

March, 754,000 more than a year earlier. These individuals wanted and were available for work and had 

looked for a job sometime in the prior 12 months. They were not counted as unemployed because they 

had not searched for work in the 4 weeks preceding the survey. Among the marginally attached, there 

were 685,000 discouraged workers in March, up by 284,000 from a year earlier. Discouraged workers 

are persons not currently looking for work because they believe no jobs are available for them. The 

other 1.4 million persons marginally attached to the labor force in March had not searched for work in 

the 4 weeks preceding the survey for reasons such as school attendance or family responsibilities. (See 

table A-13.) 

Industry Payroll Employment (Establishment Survey Data)

Total nonfarm payroll employment continued to fall sharply (-663,000) in March. Payroll employment has declined by 3.3 million in the past 5 months. In March, job losses were large and 

extended across nearly all major industry sectors. (See table B-1.) 

Manufacturing employment fell by 161,000 in March, with widespread job losses occurring among 

the component industries. Factory employment has declined by 1.0 million over the past 6 months. In 

March, the largest decreases occurred in fabricated metal products (-28,000), machinery (-27,000), and 

transportation equipment (-26,000). 

The construction industry lost 126,000 jobs in March, with declines occurring throughout the 

industry. Employment in construction has fallen by 1.3 million since peaking in January 2007; nearly 

half of that decline occurred over the last 5 months. In March, employment fell in specialty trade 

contractors (-83,000) and construction of buildings (-33,000). These declines were split about evenly 

between the residential and nonresidential portions of these industries. Heavy and civil engineering 

construction also lost 10,000 jobs. Employment in mining and logging declined by 18,000 in March. 
4

Employment in professional and business services fell by 133,000 in March, with declines throughout most of the sector. More than half of the loss occurred in temporary help services, which cut 72,000 

jobs in March and 767,000 since December 2007. In March, architectural and engineering services lost 

16,000 jobs. 

Retail trade employment fell by 48,000 over the month. Since peaking in November 2007, employment in the industry has declined by an average of 44,000 per month. In March, employment decreased in building material and garden supply stores (-13,000), automobile dealerships (-12,000), and 

electronics and appliance stores (-10,000). Employment in wholesale trade fell by 31,000 in March, 

with nearly all of the decline occurring in durable goods. 

Employment in financial activities continued to decline in March (-43,000). The number of jobs in 

this industry has dropped by 495,000 since an employment peak in December 2006. More than half of 

this loss occurred in the past 7 months. In March, job losses occurred in credit intermediation (-15,000); 

real estate (-12,000); and securities, commodity contracts, and investments (-7,000). 

Leisure and hospitality shed 40,000 jobs in March, with most of the decrease in the accommodation 

industry (-23,000). The leisure and hospitality industry has lost 351,000 jobs since an employment peak 

in December 2007. 

Transportation and warehousing lost 34,000 jobs in March, raising total job losses to 265,000 

since employment peaked in December 2007. In March, employment declined in truck transportation 

(-15,000), support activities for transportation (-7,000), and couriers and messengers (-5,000). Health 

care employment continued to trend up in March (14,000); however, monthly job growth in the first 

quarter averaged 17,000 compared with 30,000 per month in 2008. 

The change in total nonfarm employment for January was revised from -655,000 to -741,000, while 

the change for February remained -651,000. Monthly revisions result from additional sample reports 

and the monthly recalculation of seasonal factors. 

Weekly Hours (Establishment Survey Data)

In March, the average workweek for production and nonsupervisory workers on private nonfarm 

payrolls fell by 0.1 hour to 33.2 hours, seasonally adjusted—the lowest level on record for the series, 

which began in 1964. The manufacturing workweek decreased by 0.2 hour to 39.3 hours, and factory 

overtime was unchanged at 2.7 hours. (See table B-2.) 

The index of aggregate weekly hours of production and nonsupervisory workers on private nonfarm 

payrolls fell by 1.0 percent in March. The manufacturing index declined by 2.1 percent over the month. 

(See table B-5.) 

Hourly and Weekly Earnings (Establishment Survey Data)

In March, average hourly earnings of production and nonsupervisory workers on private nonfarm 

payrolls rose by 3 cents, or 0.2 percent, seasonally adjusted. This followed a gain of 4 cents in February. 
5

Over the past 12 months, average hourly earnings increased by 3.4 percent, and average weekly earnings 

rose by 1.5 percent. (See table B-3.) 

______________________________ 

The Employment Situation for April 2009 is scheduled to be released on Friday, May 8, 

at 8:30 A.M. (EDT). 
6

Frequently Asked Questions about Employment and Unemployment Estimates 

Why are there two monthly measures of employment? 

The household survey and establishment survey both produce sample-based estimates of employment and both have strengths and limitations. The establishment survey employment series has a 

smaller margin of error on the measurement of month-to-month change than the household survey 

because of its much larger sample size. An over-the-month employment change of 107,000 is statistically significant in the establishment survey, while the threshold for a statistically significant change in 

the household survey is about 400,000. However, the household survey has a more expansive scope 

than the establishment survey because it includes the self-employed, unpaid family workers, agricultural workers, and private household workers, who are excluded by the establishment survey. The 

household survey also provides estimates of employment for demographic groups. 

Are undocumented immigrants counted in the surveys? 

Neither the establishment nor household survey is designed to identify the legal status of workers. 

Thus, while it is likely that both surveys include at least some undocumented immigrants, it is not 

possible to determine how many are counted in either survey. The household survey does include 

questions about whether respondents were born outside the United States. Data from these questions 

show that foreign-born workers accounted for 15.6 percent of the labor force in 2008.

Why does the establishment survey have revisions? 

The establishment survey revises published estimates to improve its data series by incorporating 

additional information that was not available at the time of the initial publication of the estimates. 

The establishment survey revises its initial monthly estimates twice, in the immediately succeeding 

2 months, to incorporate additional sample receipts from respondents in the survey and recalculated 

seasonal adjustment factors. For more information on the monthly revisions, please visit 

http://www.bls.gov/ces/cesrevinfo.htm. 

On an annual basis, the establishment survey incorporates a benchmark revision that re-anchors 

estimates to nearly complete employment counts available from unemployment insurance tax records. 

The benchmark helps to control for sampling and modeling errors in the estimates. For more information on the annual benchmark revision, please visit http://www.bls.gov/web/cesbmart.htm. 

Does the establishment survey sample include small firms? 

Yes; about 40 percent of the establishment survey sample is comprised of business establishments 

with fewer than 20 employees. The establishment survey sample is designed to maximize the reliability 

of the total nonfarm employment estimate; firms from all size classes and industries are appropriately 

sampled to achieve that goal. 

Does the establishment survey account for employment from new businesses? 

Yes; monthly establishment survey estimates include an adjustment to account for the net employment change generated by business births and deaths. The adjustment comes from an econometric 

model that forecasts the monthly net jobs impact of business births and deaths based on the actual past 
7

values of the net impact that can be observed with a lag from the Quarterly Census of Employment and 

Wages. The establishment survey uses modeling rather than sampling for this purpose because the survey is not immediately able to bring new businesses into the sample. There is an unavoidable lag between the birth of a new firm and its appearance on the sampling frame and availability for selection. 

BLS adds new businesses to the survey twice a year. 

Is the count of unemployed persons limited to just those people receiving unemployment insurance 

benefits? 

No; the estimate of unemployment is based on a monthly sample survey of households. All persons 

who are without jobs and are actively seeking and available to work are included among the unemployed. 

(People on temporary layoff are included even if they do not actively seek work.) There is no requirement or question relating to unemployment insurance benefits in the monthly survey. 

Does the official unemployment rate exclude people who have stopped looking for work? 

Yes; however, there are separate estimates of persons outside the labor force who want a job, 

including those who have stopped looking because they believe no jobs are available (discouraged 

workers). In addition, alternative measures of labor underutilization (discouraged workers and other 

groups not officially counted as unemployed) are published each month in the Employment Situation 

news release. 
Technical Note 

This news release presents statistics from two major 

surveys, the Current Population Survey (household survey) 

and the Current Employment Statistics survey (establishment 

survey). The household survey provides the information on 

the labor force, employment, and unemployment that appears 

in the A tables, marked HOUSEHOLD DATA. It is a sample 

survey of about 60,000 households conducted by the U.S. 

Census Bureau for the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS). 

The establishment survey provides the information on 

the employment, hours, and earnings of workers on nonfarm 

payrolls that appears in the B tables, marked ESTABLISHMENT DATA. This information is collected from payroll 

records by BLS in cooperation with state agencies. The 

sample includes about 160,000 businesses and government 

agencies covering approximately 400,000 individual worksites. The active sample includes about one-third of all nonfarm payroll workers. The sample is drawn from a sampling 

frame of unemployment insurance tax accounts. 

For both surveys, the data for a given month relate to a 

particular week or pay period. In the household survey, the 

reference week is generally the calendar week that contains 

the 12th day of the month. In the establishment survey, the 

reference period is the pay period including the 12th, which 

may or may not correspond directly to the calendar week. 

Coverage, definitions, and differences between surveys 

Household survey. The sample is selected to reflect 

the entire civilian noninstitutional population. Based on 

responses to a series of questions on work and job search 

activities, each person 16 years and over in a sample 

household is classified as employed, unemployed, or not in 

the labor force. 

People are classified as employed if they did any work 

at all as paid employees during the reference week; worked in 

their own business, profession, or on their own farm; or 

worked without pay at least 15 hours in a family business or 

farm. People are also counted as employed if they were 

temporarily absent from their jobs because of illness, bad 

weather, vacation, labor-management disputes, or personal 

reasons. 

People are classified as unemployed if they meet all of 

the following criteria: They had no employment during the 

reference week; they were available for work at that time; and 

they made specific efforts to find employment sometime 

during the 4-week period ending with the reference week. 

Persons laid off from a job and expecting recall need not be 

looking for work to be counted as unemployed. The 

unemployment data derived from the household survey in no 

way depend upon the eligibility for or receipt of 

unemployment insurance benefits. 

The civilian labor force is the sum of employed and 

unemployed persons. Those not classified as employed or 

unemployed are not in the labor force. The unemployment 

rate is the number unemployed as a percent of the labor 

force. The labor force participation rate is the labor force as 

a percent of the population, and the employment-population 

ratio is the employed as a percent of the population. 

Establishment survey. The sample establishments are 

drawn from private nonfarm businesses such as factories, 

offices, and stores, as well as federal, state, and local 

government entities. Employees on nonfarm payrolls are 

those who received pay for any part of the reference pay 

period, including persons on paid leave. Persons are counted 

in each job they hold. Hours and earnings data are for 

private businesses and relate only to production workers in 

the goods-producing sector and nonsupervisory workers in 

the service-providing sector. Industries are classified on the 

basis of their principal activity in accordance with the 2007 

version of the North American Industry Classification 

System. 

Differences in employment estimates. The numerous 

conceptual and methodological differences between the 

household and establishment surveys result in important 

distinctions in the employment estimates derived from the 

surveys. Among these are: 

• The household survey includes agricultural workers, 

the self-employed, unpaid family workers, and 

private household workers among the employed. 

These groups are excluded from the establishment 

survey. 

• The household survey includes people on unpaid 

leave among the employed. The establishment 

survey does not. 

• The household survey is limited to workers 16 years 

of age and older. The establishment survey is not 

limited by age. 

• The household survey has no duplication of 

individuals, because individuals are counted only 

once, even if they hold more than one job. In the 

establishment survey, employees working at more 

than one job and thus appearing on more than one 

payroll would be counted separately for each 

appearance. 

Seasonal adjustment 

Over the course of a year, the size of the nation's labor 

force and the levels of employment and unemployment 

undergo sharp fluctuations due to such seasonal events as 

changes in weather, reduced or expanded production, 

harvests, major holidays, and the opening and closing of 

schools. The effect of such seasonal variation can be very 

large; seasonal fluctuations may account for as much as 95 

percent of the month-to-month changes in unemployment. 
Because these seasonal events follow a more or less 

regular pattern each year, their influence on statistical trends 

can be eliminated by adjusting the statistics from month to 

month. These adjustments make nonseasonal developments, 

such as declines in economic activity or increases in the 

participation of women in the labor force, easier to spot. For 

example, the large number of youth entering the labor force 

each June is likely to obscure any other changes that have 

taken place relative to May, making it difficult to determine if 

the level of economic activity has risen or declined. 

However, because the effect of students finishing school in 

previous years is known, the statistics for the current year can 

be adjusted to allow for a comparable change. Insofar as the 

seasonal adjustment is made correctly, the adjusted figure 

provides a more useful tool with which to analyze changes in 

economic activity. 

Most seasonally adjusted series are independently 

adjusted in both the household and establishment surveys. 

However, the adjusted series for many major estimates, such 

as total payroll employment, employment in most 

supersectors, total employment, and unemployment are 

computed by aggregating independently adjusted component 

series. For example, total unemployment is derived by 

summing the adjusted series for four major age-sex 

components; this differs from the unemployment estimate 

that would be obtained by directly adjusting the total or by 

combining the duration, reasons, or more detailed age 

categories. 

For both the household and establishment surveys, a 

concurrent seasonal adjustment methodology is used in which 

new seasonal factors are calculated each month, using all 

relevant data, up to and including the data for the current 

month. In the household survey, new seasonal factors are 

used to adjust only the current month's data. In the 

establishment survey, however, new seasonal factors are used 

each month to adjust the three most recent monthly estimates. 

In both surveys, revisions to historical data are made once a 

year. 

Reliability of the estimates 

Statistics based on the household and establishment 

surveys are subject to both sampling and nonsampling error. 

When a sample rather than the entire population is surveyed, 

there is a chance that the sample estimates may differ from 

the "true" population values they represent. The exact 

difference, or sampling error, varies depending on the 

particular sample selected, and this variability is measured by 

the standard error of the estimate. There is about a 90-

percent chance, or level of confidence, that an estimate based 

on a sample will differ by no more than 1.6 standard errors 

from the "true" population value because of sampling error. 

BLS analyses are generally conducted at the 90-percent level 

of confidence. 

For example, the confidence interval for the monthly 

change in total employment from the household survey is on 

the order of plus or minus 430,000. Suppose the estimate of 

total employment increases by 100,000 from one month to 

the next. The 90-percent confidence interval on the monthly 

change would range from -330,000 to 530,000 (100,000 +/-

430,000). These figures do not mean that the sample results 

are off by these magnitudes, but rather that there is about a 

90-percent chance that the "true" over-the-month change lies 

within this interval. Since this range includes values of less 

than zero, we could not say with confidence that employment 

had, in fact, increased. If, however, the reported employment 

rise was half a million, then all of the values within the 90-

percent confidence interval would be greater than zero. In 

this case, it is likely (at least a 90-percent chance) that an 

employment rise had, in fact, occurred. At an unemployment 

rate of around 5.5 percent, the 90-percent confidence interval 

for the monthly change in unemployment is about 

+/-280,000, and for the monthly change in the unemployment 

rate it is about +/-.19 percentage point. 

In general, estimates involving many individuals or 

establishments have lower standard errors (relative to the size 

of the estimate) than estimates which are based on a small 

number of observations. The precision of estimates is also 

improved when the data are cumulated over time such as for 

quarterly and annual averages. The seasonal adjustment 

process can also improve the stability of the monthly 

estimates. 

The household and establishment surveys are also 

affected by nonsampling error. Nonsampling errors can 

occur for many reasons, including the failure to sample a 

segment of the population, inability to obtain information for 

all respondents in the sample, inability or unwillingness of 

respondents to provide correct information on a timely basis, 

mistakes made by respondents, and errors made in the 

collection or processing of the data. 

For example, in the establishment survey, estimates for 

the most recent 2 months are based on incomplete returns; for 

this reason, these estimates are labeled preliminary in the 

tables. It is only after two successive revisions to a monthly 

estimate, when nearly all sample reports have been received, 

that the estimate is considered final. 

Another major source of nonsampling error in the 

establishment survey is the inability to capture, on a timely 

basis, employment generated by new firms. To correct for 

this systematic underestimation of employment growth, an 

estimation procedure with two components is used to account 

for business births. The first component uses business deaths 

to impute employment for business births. This is incorporated into the sample-based link relative estimate 

procedure by simply not reflecting sample units going out of 

business, but imputing to them the same trend as the other 

firms in the sample. The second component is an ARIMA 

time series model designed to estimate the residual net 

birth/death employment not accounted for by the imputation. 

The historical time series used to create and test the ARIMA 

model was derived from the unemployment insurance 

universe micro-level database, and reflects the actual residual 

net of births and deaths over the past 5 years. 

The sample-based estimates from the establishment 

survey are adjusted once a year (on a lagged basis) to 

universe counts of payroll employment obtained from 

administrative records of the unemployment insurance 

program. The difference between the March sample-based 

employment estimates and the March universe counts is 
known as a benchmark revision, and serves as a rough proxy 

for total survey error. The new benchmarks also incorporate 

changes in the classification of industries. Over the past 

decade, absolute benchmark revisions for total nonfarm 

employment have averaged 0.2 percent, with a range from 0.1 

percent to 0.6 percent. 

Other information 

Information in this release will be made available to 

sensory impaired individuals upon request. Voice phone: 

(202) 691-5200; TDD message referral phone: 1-800-877-

8339. 
HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-1. Employment status of the civilian population by sex and age

(Numbers in thousands)

Employment status, sex, and age

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted 1

Mar.

2008

Feb.

2009

Mar.

2009

Mar.

2008

Nov.

2008

Dec.

2008

Jan.

2009

Feb.

2009

Mar.

2009

TOTAL

Civilian noninstitutional population ................................. 232,995 234,913 235,086 232,995 234,828 235,035 234,739 234,913 235,086

 Civilian labor force ........................................................ 153,135 153,804 153,728 153,843 154,620 154,447 153,716 154,214 154,048

 Participation rate ..................................................... 65.7 65.5 65.4 66.0 65.8 65.7 65.5 65.6 65.5

 Employed .................................................................... 145,108 140,105 139,833 146,023 144,144 143,338 142,099 141,748 140,887

 Employment-population ratio .................................. 62.3 59.6 59.5 62.7 61.4 61.0 60.5 60.3 59.9

 Unemployed ............................................................... 8,027 13,699 13,895 7,820 10,476 11,108 11,616 12,467 13,161

 Unemployment rate ................................................ 5.2 8.9 9.0 5.1 6.8 7.2 7.6 8.1 8.5

 Not in labor force .......................................................... 79,860 81,109 81,358 79,152 80,208 80,588 81,023 80,699 81,038

 Persons who currently want a job ............................... 4,492 5,588 5,535 4,747 5,393 5,488 5,643 5,645 5,814

Men, 16 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population ................................. 112,695 113,666 113,758 112,695 113,660 113,769 113,573 113,666 113,758

 Civilian labor force ........................................................ 81,849 81,959 81,839 82,235 82,666 82,338 81,863 81,994 81,804

 Participation rate ..................................................... 72.6 72.1 71.9 73.0 72.7 72.4 72.1 72.1 71.9

 Employed .................................................................... 77,198 73,441 73,195 77,985 76,577 75,847 75,092 74,777 74,053

 Employment-population ratio .................................. 68.5 64.6 64.3 69.2 67.4 66.7 66.1 65.8 65.1

 Unemployed ............................................................... 4,651 8,517 8,644 4,250 6,089 6,491 6,771 7,217 7,751

 Unemployment rate ................................................ 5.7 10.4 10.6 5.2 7.4 7.9 8.3 8.8 9.5

 Not in labor force .......................................................... 30,846 31,707 31,919 30,460 30,994 31,431 31,710 31,672 31,954

Men, 20 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population ................................. 104,052 104,999 105,095 104,052 104,978 105,083 104,902 104,999 105,095

 Civilian labor force ........................................................ 78,691 78,879 78,826 78,866 79,335 78,998 78,585 78,687 78,578

 Participation rate ..................................................... 75.6 75.1 75.0 75.8 75.6 75.2 74.9 74.9 74.8

 Employed .................................................................... 74,620 71,217 70,984 75,216 74,045 73,285 72,613 72,293 71,655

 Employment-population ratio .................................. 71.7 67.8 67.5 72.3 70.5 69.7 69.2 68.9 68.2

 Unemployed ............................................................... 4,071 7,662 7,842 3,650 5,290 5,714 5,972 6,394 6,923

 Unemployment rate ................................................ 5.2 9.7 9.9 4.6 6.7 7.2 7.6 8.1 8.8

 Not in labor force .......................................................... 25,362 26,120 26,269 25,186 25,643 26,085 26,318 26,312 26,516

Women, 16 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population ................................. 120,300 121,247 121,328 120,300 121,168 121,266 121,166 121,247 121,328

 Civilian labor force ........................................................ 71,286 71,846 71,889 71,608 71,954 72,109 71,853 72,220 72,244

 Participation rate ..................................................... 59.3 59.3 59.3 59.5 59.4 59.5 59.3 59.6 59.5

 Employed .................................................................... 67,911 66,664 66,638 68,038 67,567 67,491 67,007 66,970 66,834

 Employment-population ratio .................................. 56.5 55.0 54.9 56.6 55.8 55.7 55.3 55.2 55.1

 Unemployed ............................................................... 3,376 5,182 5,251 3,570 4,387 4,618 4,845 5,250 5,410

 Unemployment rate ................................................ 4.7 7.2 7.3 5.0 6.1 6.4 6.7 7.3 7.5

 Not in labor force .......................................................... 49,014 49,401 49,438 48,692 49,214 49,157 49,313 49,027 49,084

Women, 20 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population ................................. 111,902 112,824 112,908 111,902 112,731 112,825 112,738 112,824 112,908

 Civilian labor force ........................................................ 68,115 68,738 68,883 68,174 68,753 68,891 68,584 68,917 68,977

 Participation rate ..................................................... 60.9 60.9 61.0 60.9 61.0 61.1 60.8 61.1 61.1

 Employed .................................................................... 65,142 64,106 64,123 65,079 64,902 64,860 64,298 64,271 64,148

 Employment-population ratio .................................. 58.2 56.8 56.8 58.2 57.6 57.5 57.0 57.0 56.8

 Unemployed ............................................................... 2,974 4,632 4,760 3,095 3,851 4,031 4,286 4,646 4,828

 Unemployment rate ................................................ 4.4 6.7 6.9 4.5 5.6 5.9 6.2 6.7 7.0

 Not in labor force .......................................................... 43,786 44,086 44,025 43,728 43,978 43,935 44,154 43,907 43,931

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

Civilian noninstitutional population ................................. 17,041 17,090 17,083 17,041 17,118 17,126 17,098 17,090 17,083

 Civilian labor force ........................................................ 6,329 6,187 6,019 6,803 6,531 6,557 6,547 6,610 6,493

 Participation rate ..................................................... 37.1 36.2 35.2 39.9 38.2 38.3 38.3 38.7 38.0

 Employed .................................................................... 5,347 4,783 4,726 5,729 5,196 5,194 5,188 5,184 5,083

 Employment-population ratio .................................. 31.4 28.0 27.7 33.6 30.4 30.3 30.3 30.3 29.8

 Unemployed ............................................................... 982 1,405 1,293 1,075 1,335 1,363 1,359 1,427 1,410

 Unemployment rate ................................................ 15.5 22.7 21.5 15.8 20.4 20.8 20.8 21.6 21.7

 Not in labor force .......................................................... 10,712 10,903 11,064 10,237 10,587 10,568 10,551 10,480 10,590

1 The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns.

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-2. Employment status of the civilian population by race, sex, and age

(Numbers in thousands)

Employment status, race, sex, and age

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted 1

Mar.

2008

Feb.

2009

Mar.

2009

Mar.

2008

Nov.

2008

Dec.

2008

Jan.

2009

Feb.

2009

Mar.

2009

WHITE 

Civilian noninstitutional population ................................. 189,019 190,331 190,436 189,019 190,221 190,351 190,225 190,331 190,436

 Civilian labor force ........................................................ 124,679 125,528 125,433 125,208 126,029 125,634 125,312 125,703 125,599

 Participation rate ....................................................... 66.0 66.0 65.9 66.2 66.3 66.0 65.9 66.0 66.0

 Employed .................................................................... 118,827 115,182 114,831 119,580 118,226 117,357 116,692 116,481 115,693

 Employment-population ratio .................................... 62.9 60.5 60.3 63.3 62.2 61.7 61.3 61.2 60.8

 Unemployed ............................................................... 5,853 10,346 10,602 5,628 7,803 8,277 8,621 9,222 9,906

 Unemployment rate .................................................. 4.7 8.2 8.5 4.5 6.2 6.6 6.9 7.3 7.9

 Not in labor force .......................................................... 64,339 64,803 65,003 63,811 64,193 64,718 64,913 64,628 64,837

Men, 20 years and over

 Civilian labor force ........................................................ 65,292 65,342 65,363 65,326 65,762 65,331 65,126 65,180 65,032

 Participation rate ....................................................... 76.1 75.6 75.5 76.2 76.1 75.5 75.4 75.4 75.2

 Employed .................................................................... 62,214 59,471 59,307 62,635 61,761 61,101 60,683 60,361 59,811

 Employment-population ratio .................................... 72.5 68.8 68.5 73.0 71.5 70.7 70.2 69.8 69.1

 Unemployed ............................................................... 3,078 5,872 6,056 2,691 4,001 4,230 4,443 4,819 5,221

 Unemployment rate .................................................. 4.7 9.0 9.3 4.1 6.1 6.5 6.8 7.4 8.0

Women, 20 years and over

 Civilian labor force ........................................................ 54,201 54,995 54,997 54,303 54,810 54,878 54,786 54,967 55,115

 Participation rate ....................................................... 60.1 60.6 60.5 60.2 60.4 60.5 60.4 60.5 60.7

 Employed .................................................................... 52,093 51,585 51,462 52,101 52,014 51,846 51,601 51,624 51,519

 Employment-population ratio .................................... 57.8 56.8 56.6 57.8 57.3 57.1 56.9 56.9 56.7

 Unemployed ............................................................... 2,108 3,411 3,535 2,202 2,796 3,031 3,185 3,344 3,596

 Unemployment rate .................................................. 3.9 6.2 6.4 4.1 5.1 5.5 5.8 6.1 6.5

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

 Civilian labor force ........................................................ 5,187 5,190 5,073 5,579 5,457 5,425 5,400 5,556 5,452

 Participation rate ....................................................... 39.7 39.7 38.8 42.7 41.6 41.4 41.3 42.5 41.7

 Employed .................................................................... 4,519 4,126 4,062 4,845 4,451 4,409 4,408 4,497 4,363

 Employment-population ratio .................................... 34.6 31.5 31.1 37.1 34.0 33.6 33.7 34.4 33.4

 Unemployed ............................................................... 667 1,064 1,010 734 1,006 1,016 993 1,059 1,089

 Unemployment rate .................................................. 12.9 20.5 19.9 13.2 18.4 18.7 18.4 19.1 20.0

BLACK OR AFRICAN AMERICAN 

Civilian noninstitutional population ................................. 27,709 28,085 28,118 27,709 28,021 28,059 28,052 28,085 28,118

 Civilian labor force ........................................................ 17,601 17,534 17,429 17,688 17,708 17,796 17,791 17,703 17,542

 Participation rate ....................................................... 63.5 62.4 62.0 63.8 63.2 63.4 63.4 63.0 62.4

 Employed .................................................................... 16,010 15,108 15,074 16,090 15,703 15,674 15,546 15,336 15,212

 Employment-population ratio .................................... 57.8 53.8 53.6 58.1 56.0 55.9 55.4 54.6 54.1

 Unemployed ............................................................... 1,591 2,426 2,355 1,598 2,005 2,122 2,245 2,368 2,330

 Unemployment rate .................................................. 9.0 13.8 13.5 9.0 11.3 11.9 12.6 13.4 13.3

 Not in labor force .......................................................... 10,109 10,551 10,689 10,022 10,313 10,263 10,261 10,382 10,576

Men, 20 years and over

 Civilian labor force ........................................................ 7,839 7,904 7,850 7,913 7,954 7,999 7,979 7,949 7,917

 Participation rate ....................................................... 70.4 70.0 69.4 71.1 70.5 70.8 70.7 70.4 70.0

 Employed .................................................................... 7,140 6,632 6,566 7,237 6,989 6,930 6,850 6,762 6,700

 Employment-population ratio .................................... 64.1 58.7 58.0 65.0 62.0 61.4 60.7 59.9 59.2

 Unemployed ............................................................... 698 1,273 1,284 676 965 1,069 1,129 1,187 1,218

 Unemployment rate .................................................. 8.9 16.1 16.4 8.5 12.1 13.4 14.1 14.9 15.4

Women, 20 years and over

 Civilian labor force ........................................................ 9,032 8,944 8,935 9,012 9,069 9,060 9,022 9,006 8,932

 Participation rate ....................................................... 64.9 63.4 63.3 64.8 64.5 64.4 64.1 63.9 63.3

 Employed .................................................................... 8,368 8,052 8,071 8,326 8,249 8,256 8,194 8,115 8,045

 Employment-population ratio .................................... 60.2 57.1 57.2 59.8 58.7 58.7 58.2 57.6 57.0

 Unemployed ............................................................... 664 891 864 686 820 804 828 890 887

 Unemployment rate .................................................. 7.3 10.0 9.7 7.6 9.0 8.9 9.2 9.9 9.9

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

 Civilian labor force ........................................................ 730 686 644 762 685 736 790 749 692

 Participation rate ....................................................... 27.4 25.5 23.9 28.6 25.5 27.4 29.4 27.8 25.7

 Employed .................................................................... 501 424 437 527 464 488 502 459 467

 Employment-population ratio .................................... 18.8 15.8 16.2 19.8 17.3 18.1 18.6 17.0 17.4

 Unemployed ............................................................... 229 262 207 235 221 248 288 290 225

 Unemployment rate .................................................. 31.3 38.2 32.2 30.8 32.2 33.7 36.5 38.8 32.5

See footnotes at end of table.
HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-2. Employment status of the civilian population by race, sex, and age — Continued

(Numbers in thousands)

Employment status, race, sex, and age

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted 1

Mar.

2008

Feb.

2009

Mar.

2009

Mar.

2008

Nov.

2008

Dec.

2008

Jan.

2009

Feb.

2009

Mar.

2009

ASIAN 

Civilian noninstitutional population ................................. 10,645 10,753 10,778 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

 Civilian labor force ........................................................ 7,184 7,086 7,111 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

 Participation rate ....................................................... 67.5 65.9 66.0 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

 Employed .................................................................... 6,928 6,597 6,656 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

 Employment-population ratio .................................... 65.1 61.4 61.8 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

 Unemployed ............................................................... 256 489 455 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

 Unemployment rate .................................................. 3.6 6.9 6.4 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

 Not in labor force .......................................................... 3,462 3,667 3,667 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

1 The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore,

identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns. 2 Data not available.

NOTE: Estimates for the above race groups will not sum to totals shown in

table A-1 because data are not presented for all races. Updated population

controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

Table A-3. Employment status of the Hispanic or Latino population by sex and age

(Numbers in thousands)

Employment status, sex, and age

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted 1

Mar.

2008

Feb.

2009

Mar.

2009

Mar.

2008

Nov.

2008

Dec.

2008

Jan.

2009

Feb.

2009

Mar.

2009

HISPANIC OR LATINO ETHNICITY

Civilian noninstitutional population ................................. 31,820 32,501 32,585 31,820 32,558 32,649 32,417 32,501 32,585

 Civilian labor force ........................................................ 21,750 22,044 22,188 21,778 22,074 22,134 21,931 22,100 22,175

 Participation rate ....................................................... 68.4 67.8 68.1 68.4 67.8 67.8 67.7 68.0 68.1

 Employed .................................................................... 20,162 19,388 19,485 20,251 20,168 20,096 19,800 19,684 19,640

 Employment-population ratio .................................... 63.4 59.7 59.8 63.6 61.9 61.6 61.1 60.6 60.3

 Unemployed ............................................................... 1,588 2,657 2,703 1,527 1,906 2,038 2,132 2,416 2,536

 Unemployment rate .................................................. 7.3 12.1 12.2 7.0 8.6 9.2 9.7 10.9 11.4

 Not in labor force .......................................................... 10,071 10,457 10,397 10,042 10,484 10,515 10,486 10,401 10,410

Men, 20 years and over

 Civilian labor force ........................................................ 12,554 12,557 12,648 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

 Participation rate ....................................................... 84.7 83.1 83.4 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

 Employed .................................................................... 11,655 11,027 11,110 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

 Employment-population ratio .................................... 78.6 72.9 73.3 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

 Unemployed ............................................................... 899 1,530 1,538 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

 Unemployment rate .................................................. 7.2 12.2 12.2 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

Women, 20 years and over

 Civilian labor force ........................................................ 8,100 8,438 8,567 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

 Participation rate ....................................................... 57.9 59.0 59.8 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

 Employed .................................................................... 7,606 7,578 7,645 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

 Employment-population ratio .................................... 54.4 53.0 53.3 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

 Unemployed ............................................................... 494 860 922 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

 Unemployment rate .................................................. 6.1 10.2 10.8 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

 Civilian labor force ........................................................ 1,096 1,050 974 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

 Participation rate ....................................................... 36.5 34.0 31.4 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

 Employed .................................................................... 900 782 731 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

 Employment-population ratio .................................... 30.0 25.3 23.6 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

 Unemployed ............................................................... 195 267 243 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

 Unemployment rate .................................................. 17.8 25.5 24.9 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

1 The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore,

identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns. 2 Data not available.

NOTE: Persons whose ethnicity is identified as Hispanic or Latino may be of

any race. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of

January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-4. Employment status of the civilian population 25 years and over by educational attainment

(Numbers in thousands)

Educational attainment

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

Mar.

2008

Feb.

2009

Mar.

2009

Mar.

2008

Nov.

2008

Dec.

2008

Jan.

2009

Feb.

2009

Mar.

2009

Less than a high school diploma

Civilian labor force .......................................................... 12,032 11,898 12,102 12,043 12,185 12,108 12,024 11,955 11,997

 Participation rate ......................................................... 45.9 46.1 46.1 46.0 47.2 46.4 45.9 46.4 45.7

 Employed ...................................................................... 10,894 10,097 10,220 11,050 10,899 10,793 10,577 10,445 10,399

 Employment-population ratio ...................................... 41.6 39.2 38.9 42.2 42.2 41.4 40.4 40.5 39.6

 Unemployed ................................................................. 1,138 1,801 1,882 993 1,286 1,315 1,446 1,510 1,598

 Unemployment rate .................................................... 9.5 15.1 15.5 8.2 10.6 10.9 12.0 12.6 13.3

High school graduates, no college 1

Civilian labor force .......................................................... 38,148 38,497 38,516 38,021 38,271 38,656 38,675 38,463 38,434

 Participation rate ......................................................... 62.7 62.3 62.4 62.4 62.3 62.5 62.4 62.2 62.3

 Employed ...................................................................... 36,027 34,791 34,661 36,099 35,643 35,683 35,599 35,270 34,981

 Employment-population ratio ...................................... 59.2 56.3 56.2 59.3 58.1 57.6 57.4 57.1 56.7

 Unemployed ................................................................. 2,121 3,706 3,854 1,922 2,628 2,972 3,075 3,193 3,454

 Unemployment rate .................................................... 5.6 9.6 10.0 5.1 6.9 7.7 8.0 8.3 9.0

Some college or associate degree

Civilian labor force .......................................................... 36,489 37,267 36,872 36,528 37,120 37,049 36,693 37,362 36,921

 Participation rate ......................................................... 72.0 71.9 71.7 72.0 71.6 72.0 72.0 72.1 71.8

 Employed ...................................................................... 34,990 34,421 34,011 35,099 35,077 34,969 34,433 34,738 34,267

 Employment-population ratio ...................................... 69.0 66.4 66.1 69.2 67.7 68.0 67.6 67.1 66.6

 Unemployed ................................................................. 1,498 2,846 2,861 1,428 2,043 2,080 2,260 2,624 2,653

 Unemployment rate .................................................... 4.1 7.6 7.8 3.9 5.5 5.6 6.2 7.0 7.2

Bachelor’s degree and higher 2

Civilian labor force .......................................................... 45,375 45,078 45,304 45,377 45,232 45,182 45,208 45,027 45,401

 Participation rate ......................................................... 78.5 77.7 77.9 78.5 77.7 77.9 77.8 77.6 78.1

 Employed ...................................................................... 44,451 43,190 43,377 44,410 43,794 43,517 43,474 43,177 43,431

 Employment-population ratio ...................................... 76.9 74.5 74.6 76.8 75.3 75.0 74.8 74.4 74.7

 Unemployed ................................................................. 923 1,888 1,927 967 1,438 1,665 1,735 1,850 1,970

 Unemployment rate .................................................... 2.0 4.2 4.3 2.1 3.2 3.7 3.8 4.1 4.3

1 Includes persons with a high school diploma or equivalent. 2 Includes persons with bachelor’s, master’s, professional, and doctoral degrees. 

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-5. Employed persons by class of worker and part-time status

(In thousands)

Category

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

Mar.

2008

Feb.

2009

Mar.

2009

Mar.

2008

Nov.

2008

Dec.

2008

Jan.

2009

Feb.

2009

Mar.

2009

CLASS OF WORKER

Agriculture and related industries ................................... 2,057 1,961 1,930 2,191 2,206 2,191 2,149 2,148 2,050

 Wage and salary workers ............................................. 1,218 1,126 1,061 1,326 1,267 1,264 1,233 1,244 1,167

 Self-employed workers ................................................. 816 817 847 848 915 925 903 875 875

 Unpaid family workers .................................................. 23 18 22 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( )

Nonagricultural industries ............................................... 143,051 138,144 137,903 143,821 141,901 141,047 139,952 139,579 138,842

 Wage and salary workers ............................................. 133,849 129,232 128,782 134,449 132,983 132,082 131,110 130,465 129,478

 Government ................................................................ 21,484 21,158 21,072 21,245 21,431 21,395 21,237 21,192 20,904

 Private industries ........................................................ 112,365 108,075 107,711 113,192 111,542 110,684 109,997 109,311 108,674

 Private households ................................................... 744 719 738 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( )

 Other industries ........................................................ 111,621 107,356 106,972 112,422 110,677 109,863 109,217 108,574 107,898

 Self-employed workers ................................................. 9,103 8,859 9,063 9,242 8,816 8,940 8,816 8,962 9,184

 Unpaid family workers .................................................. 99 53 57 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( )

PERSONS AT WORK PART TIME 2

All industries:

Part time for economic reasons .................................. 5,038 9,170 9,305 4,937 7,323 8,038 7,839 8,626 9,049

 Slack work or business conditions ........................... 3,404 7,067 7,103 3,349 5,399 6,020 5,766 6,443 6,857

 Could only find part-time work ................................. 1,382 1,827 1,969 1,364 1,585 1,617 1,667 1,764 1,839

Part time for noneconomic reasons ............................ 19,853 19,296 19,228 19,402 18,886 18,922 18,864 18,855 18,833

Nonagricultural industries:

Part time for economic reasons .................................. 4,911 9,053 9,168 4,826 7,209 7,932 7,705 8,543 8,942

 Slack work or business conditions ........................... 3,313 6,989 7,005 3,276 5,304 5,938 5,660 6,390 6,773

 Could only find part-time work ................................. 1,370 1,822 1,957 1,354 1,579 1,619 1,658 1,760 1,850

Part time for noneconomic reasons ............................ 19,553 18,977 18,892 19,078 18,635 18,642 18,567 18,562 18,493

1 Data not available. 2 Persons at work excludes employed persons who were absent from their

jobs during the entire reference week for reasons such as vacation, illness, or

industrial dispute. Part time for noneconomic reasons excludes persons who

usually work full time but worked only 1 to 34 hours during the reference week for

reasons such as holidays, illness, and bad weather.

NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not

necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the

various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the

release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-6. Selected employment indicators

(In thousands)

Characteristic

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

Mar.

2008

Feb.

2009

Mar.

2009

Mar.

2008

Nov.

2008

Dec.

2008

Jan.

2009

Feb.

2009

Mar.

2009

AGE AND SEX

Total, 16 years and over ................................................. 145,108 140,105 139,833 146,023 144,144 143,338 142,099 141,748 140,887

 16 to 19 years ............................................................... 5,347 4,783 4,726 5,729 5,196 5,194 5,188 5,184 5,083

 16 to 17 years ............................................................. 1,904 1,667 1,569 2,116 1,791 1,779 1,741 1,854 1,755

 18 to 19 years ............................................................. 3,443 3,116 3,157 3,585 3,408 3,413 3,441 3,348 3,300

 20 years and over ......................................................... 139,762 135,323 135,107 140,294 138,948 138,144 136,911 136,564 135,804

 20 to 24 years ............................................................. 13,399 12,823 12,838 13,665 13,443 13,374 13,050 13,157 13,090

 25 years and over ....................................................... 126,363 122,500 122,269 126,503 125,422 124,748 123,911 123,302 122,662

 25 to 54 years ........................................................... 99,686 95,530 95,268 99,894 98,373 97,651 96,693 96,255 95,720

 25 to 34 years ......................................................... 31,388 30,003 29,942 31,523 31,070 30,864 30,449 30,369 30,211

 35 to 44 years ......................................................... 33,731 31,844 31,654 33,776 32,883 32,691 32,308 31,999 31,746

 45 to 54 years ......................................................... 34,567 33,683 33,672 34,595 34,420 34,097 33,936 33,888 33,763

 55 years and over ..................................................... 26,677 26,970 27,000 26,610 27,049 27,096 27,218 27,047 26,942

Men, 16 years and over .................................................. 77,198 73,441 73,195 77,985 76,577 75,847 75,092 74,777 74,053

 16 to 19 years ............................................................... 2,578 2,224 2,211 2,769 2,531 2,562 2,479 2,484 2,398

 16 to 17 years ............................................................. 864 716 709 970 800 847 818 837 803

 18 to 19 years ............................................................. 1,714 1,508 1,502 1,784 1,728 1,712 1,654 1,640 1,579

 20 years and over ......................................................... 74,620 71,217 70,984 75,216 74,045 73,285 72,613 72,293 71,655

 20 to 24 years ............................................................. 7,099 6,565 6,478 7,265 6,965 6,863 6,723 6,784 6,656

 25 years and over ....................................................... 67,521 64,652 64,506 67,896 67,039 66,456 65,879 65,479 65,031

 25 to 54 years ........................................................... 53,455 50,461 50,369 53,802 52,740 52,128 51,480 51,125 50,865

 25 to 34 years ......................................................... 17,051 16,111 16,010 17,211 16,979 16,789 16,461 16,449 16,288

 35 to 44 years ......................................................... 18,245 16,989 16,909 18,352 17,816 17,663 17,452 17,144 17,027

 45 to 54 years ......................................................... 18,159 17,360 17,450 18,239 17,944 17,676 17,567 17,532 17,550

 55 years and over ..................................................... 14,066 14,191 14,137 14,094 14,299 14,328 14,399 14,354 14,166

Women, 16 years and over ............................................ 67,911 66,664 66,638 68,038 67,567 67,491 67,007 66,970 66,834

 16 to 19 years ............................................................... 2,769 2,559 2,515 2,959 2,665 2,632 2,709 2,699 2,685

 16 to 17 years ............................................................. 1,039 951 860 1,146 990 932 923 1,017 952

 18 to 19 years ............................................................. 1,729 1,607 1,655 1,801 1,680 1,701 1,787 1,708 1,721

 20 years and over ......................................................... 65,142 64,106 64,123 65,079 64,902 64,860 64,298 64,271 64,148

 20 to 24 years ............................................................. 6,300 6,258 6,360 6,400 6,478 6,510 6,327 6,372 6,434

 25 years and over ....................................................... 58,842 57,848 57,763 58,607 58,383 58,292 58,032 57,823 57,631

 25 to 54 years ........................................................... 46,231 45,069 44,899 46,091 45,634 45,523 45,213 45,131 44,855

 25 to 34 years ......................................................... 14,337 13,892 13,932 14,312 14,091 14,075 13,988 13,920 13,922

 35 to 44 years ......................................................... 15,486 14,854 14,745 15,423 15,067 15,027 14,856 14,855 14,719

 45 to 54 years ......................................................... 16,409 16,322 16,223 16,356 16,476 16,421 16,369 16,356 16,214

 55 years and over ..................................................... 12,611 12,778 12,864 12,516 12,750 12,769 12,819 12,693 12,776

MARITAL STATUS

Married men, spouse present ......................................... 45,916 44,248 44,356 45,975 45,610 45,182 44,712 44,502 44,470

Married women, spouse present .................................... 35,864 35,550 35,507 35,825 35,649 35,632 35,375 35,563 35,481

Women who maintain families ........................................ 9,093 8,705 8,749 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( )

FULL- OR PART-TIME STATUS

Full-time workers 2 ......................................................... 119,875 112,947 112,215 121,241 118,413 116,865 115,794 114,853 113,665

Part-time workers 3 ......................................................... 25,233 27,158 27,617 24,755 25,577 26,250 26,200 26,590 26,963

MULTIPLE JOBHOLDERS

Total multiple jobholders ................................................. 7,499 7,676 7,723 7,478 7,410 7,352 7,441 7,626 7,656

 Percent of total employed ........................................... 5.2 5.5 5.5 5.1 5.1 5.1 5.2 5.4 5.4

1 Data not available. 2 Employed full-time workers are persons who usually work 35 hours or more

per week. 3 Employed part-time workers are persons who usually work less than 35

hours per week.

NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not

necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the

various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the

release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-7. Selected unemployment indicators, seasonally adjusted

Characteristic

Number of

unemployed persons

(in thousands)

Unemployment rates 1

Mar.

2008

Feb.

2009

Mar.

2009

Mar.

2008

Nov.

2008

Dec.

2008

Jan.

2009

Feb.

2009

Mar.

2009

AGE AND SEX

Total, 16 years and over ................................................. 7,820 12,467 13,161 5.1 6.8 7.2 7.6 8.1 8.5

 16 to 19 years ............................................................... 1,075 1,427 1,410 15.8 20.4 20.8 20.8 21.6 21.7

 16 to 17 years ............................................................. 487 552 544 18.7 24.1 24.1 21.4 22.9 23.7

 18 to 19 years ............................................................. 592 888 870 14.2 18.3 19.1 20.2 21.0 20.9

 20 years and over ......................................................... 6,745 11,040 11,751 4.6 6.2 6.6 7.0 7.5 8.0

 20 to 24 years ............................................................. 1,416 1,943 2,128 9.4 11.1 12.1 12.1 12.9 14.0

 25 years and over ....................................................... 5,314 9,076 9,572 4.0 5.6 6.0 6.4 6.9 7.2

 25 to 54 years ........................................................... 4,359 7,466 7,832 4.2 5.8 6.3 6.7 7.2 7.6

 25 to 34 years ......................................................... 1,770 2,883 2,984 5.3 7.0 7.5 7.9 8.7 9.0

 35 to 44 years ......................................................... 1,337 2,346 2,447 3.8 5.4 5.9 6.5 6.8 7.2

 45 to 54 years ......................................................... 1,252 2,237 2,401 3.5 5.1 5.5 5.9 6.2 6.6

 55 years and over ..................................................... 943 1,603 1,784 3.4 4.8 4.9 5.2 5.6 6.2

Men, 16 years and over .................................................. 4,250 7,217 7,751 5.2 7.4 7.9 8.3 8.8 9.5

 16 to 19 years ............................................................... 600 823 828 17.8 24.0 23.3 24.4 24.9 25.7

 16 to 17 years ............................................................. 280 301 315 22.4 28.8 27.0 26.5 26.5 28.2

 18 to 19 years ............................................................. 321 537 514 15.2 21.2 21.5 22.8 24.7 24.6

 20 years and over ......................................................... 3,650 6,394 6,923 4.6 6.7 7.2 7.6 8.1 8.8

 20 to 24 years ............................................................. 834 1,160 1,335 10.3 12.9 14.2 14.1 14.6 16.7

 25 years and over ....................................................... 2,822 5,275 5,566 4.0 5.9 6.4 6.9 7.5 7.9

 25 to 54 years ........................................................... 2,338 4,356 4,607 4.2 6.1 6.7 7.3 7.9 8.3

 25 to 34 years ......................................................... 976 1,720 1,833 5.4 7.5 8.3 8.8 9.5 10.1

 35 to 44 years ......................................................... 702 1,323 1,426 3.7 5.4 5.9 6.6 7.2 7.7

 45 to 54 years ......................................................... 660 1,313 1,348 3.5 5.6 6.1 6.7 7.0 7.1

 55 years and over ..................................................... 484 919 959 3.3 5.1 5.1 5.3 6.0 6.3

Women, 16 years and over ............................................ 3,570 5,250 5,410 5.0 6.1 6.4 6.7 7.3 7.5

 16 to 19 years ............................................................... 475 604 582 13.8 16.7 18.2 17.1 18.3 17.8

 16 to 17 years ............................................................. 207 250 229 15.3 19.7 21.2 16.2 19.8 19.4

 18 to 19 years ............................................................. 271 351 357 13.1 15.1 16.6 17.5 17.0 17.2

 20 years and over ......................................................... 3,095 4,646 4,828 4.5 5.6 5.9 6.2 6.7 7.0

 20 to 24 years ............................................................. 582 783 793 8.3 9.2 9.8 10.0 10.9 11.0

 25 years and over ....................................................... 2,492 3,801 4,006 4.1 5.2 5.4 5.8 6.2 6.5

 25 to 54 years ........................................................... 2,020 3,110 3,225 4.2 5.4 5.7 6.0 6.4 6.7

 25 to 34 years ......................................................... 794 1,163 1,151 5.3 6.4 6.5 6.8 7.7 7.6

 35 to 44 years ......................................................... 635 1,023 1,021 4.0 5.4 5.8 6.4 6.4 6.5

 45 to 54 years ......................................................... 592 924 1,054 3.5 4.6 4.9 5.0 5.3 6.1

 55 years and over 2 .................................................. 438 717 789 3.4 4.3 4.3 5.4 5.3 5.8

MARITAL STATUS

Married men, spouse present ......................................... 1,338 2,574 2,718 2.8 4.2 4.4 5.0 5.5 5.8

Married women, spouse present .................................... 1,247 1,918 2,022 3.4 4.3 4.5 4.7 5.1 5.4

Women who maintain families 2 ..................................... 694 1,003 1,058 7.1 9.3 9.5 10.3 10.3 10.8

FULL- OR PART-TIME STATUS

Full-time workers 3 ......................................................... 6,417 10,839 11,535 5.0 7.0 7.5 8.0 8.6 9.2

Part-time workers 4 ......................................................... 1,380 1,635 1,676 5.3 5.8 5.9 5.9 5.8 5.9

1 Unemployment as a percent of the civilian labor force. 2 Not seasonally adjusted. 3 Full-time workers are unemployed persons who have expressed a desire to

work full time (35 hours or more per week) or are on layoff from full-time jobs. 4 Part-time workers are unemployed persons who have expressed a desire to

work part time (less than 35 hours per week) or are on layoff from part-time jobs.

NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not

necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the

various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the

release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-8. Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment

(Numbers in thousands)

Reason

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

Mar.

2008

Feb.

2009

Mar.

2009

Mar.

2008

Nov.

2008

Dec.

2008

Jan.

2009

Feb.

2009

Mar.

2009

NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED

Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs 4,555 9,098 9,315 4,161 6,156 6,471 6,980 7,696 8,243

On temporary layoff .................................................... 1,341 2,052 1,990 1,064 1,413 1,524 1,441 1,488 1,557

Not on temporary layoff .............................................. 3,214 7,047 7,325 3,097 4,744 4,946 5,539 6,208 6,686

Permanent job losers .............................................. 2,276 5,466 5,880 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( )

Persons who completed temporary jobs ................ 938 1,581 1,445 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( )

Job leavers ..................................................................... 768 841 850 792 940 1,007 917 820 887

Reentrants ...................................................................... 2,103 2,929 2,984 2,126 2,655 2,777 2,751 2,834 2,974

New entrants .................................................................. 601 830 747 695 760 829 780 1,005 868

PERCENT DISTRIBUTION

Total unemployed ........................................................... 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

Job losers and persons who completed temporary

jobs ............................................................................. 56.7 66.4 67.0 53.5 58.6 58.4 61.1 62.3 63.5

On temporary layoff .................................................. 16.7 15.0 14.3 13.7 13.4 13.8 12.6 12.0 12.0

Not on temporary layoff ............................................ 40.0 51.4 52.7 39.8 45.1 44.6 48.5 50.2 51.5

Job leavers ................................................................... 9.6 6.1 6.1 10.2 8.9 9.1 8.0 6.6 6.8

Reentrants .................................................................... 26.2 21.4 21.5 27.3 25.3 25.1 24.1 22.9 22.9

New entrants ................................................................ 7.5 6.1 5.4 8.9 7.2 7.5 6.8 8.1 6.7

UNEMPLOYED AS A PERCENT OF THE

 CIVILIAN LABOR FORCE

Job losers and persons who completed temporary

jobs ............................................................................. 3.0 5.9 6.1 2.7 4.0 4.2 4.5 5.0 5.4

Job leavers ................................................................... .5 .5 .6 .5 .6 .7 .6 .5 .6

Reentrants .................................................................... 1.4 1.9 1.9 1.4 1.7 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.9

New entrants ................................................................ .4 .5 .5 .5 .5 .5 .5 .7 .6

1 Data not available.

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-9. Unemployed persons by duration of unemployment

(Numbers in thousands)

Duration

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

Mar.

2008

Feb.

2009

Mar.

2009

Mar.

2008

Nov.

2008

Dec.

2008

Jan.

2009

Feb.

2009

Mar.

2009

NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED

Less than 5 weeks .............................................................................. 2,550 3,247 3,067 2,797 3,255 3,267 3,658 3,404 3,371

5 to 14 weeks ..................................................................................... 2,782 4,778 4,523 2,549 3,141 3,398 3,519 3,969 4,041

15 weeks and over ............................................................................. 2,696 5,673 6,305 2,444 3,964 4,517 4,634 5,264 5,715

 15 to 26 weeks ................................................................................ 1,339 2,611 2,971 1,143 1,757 1,927 1,987 2,347 2,534

 27 weeks and over .......................................................................... 1,357 3,063 3,334 1,300 2,207 2,591 2,647 2,917 3,182

Average (mean) duration, in weeks .................................................... 16.9 19.9 21.2 16.1 18.9 19.7 19.8 19.8 20.1

Median duration, in weeks .................................................................. 9.4 11.7 13.1 8.2 10.0 10.6 10.3 11.0 11.2

PERCENT DISTRIBUTION

Total unemployed ............................................................................... 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

 Less than 5 weeks ............................................................................ 31.8 23.7 22.1 35.9 31.4 29.2 31.0 26.9 25.7

 5 to 14 weeks ................................................................................... 34.7 34.9 32.5 32.7 30.3 30.4 29.8 31.4 30.8

 15 weeks and over ........................................................................... 33.6 41.4 45.4 31.4 38.3 40.4 39.2 41.7 43.5

 15 to 26 weeks ............................................................................... 16.7 19.1 21.4 14.7 17.0 17.2 16.8 18.6 19.3

 27 weeks and over ......................................................................... 16.9 22.4 24.0 16.7 21.3 23.2 22.4 23.1 24.2

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

Table A-10. Employed and unemployed persons by occupation, not seasonally adjusted

(Numbers in thousands)

Occupation

Employed Unemployed Unemployment

rates

Mar.

2008

Mar.

2009

Mar.

2008

Mar.

2009

Mar.

2008

Mar.

2009

 Total, 16 years and over 1 ....................................................... 145,108 139,833 8,027 13,895 5.2 9.0

Management, professional, and related occupations ............. 52,681 52,345 1,121 2,292 2.1 4.2

Management, business, and financial operations

occupations ................................................................................ 21,810 21,813 485 1,038 2.2 4.5

 Professional and related occupations ...................................... 30,871 30,533 636 1,254 2.0 3.9

Service occupations ....................................................................... 23,672 24,074 1,603 2,495 6.3 9.4

Sales and office occupations ....................................................... 36,014 33,967 1,759 3,020 4.7 8.2

 Sales and related occupations .................................................. 16,352 15,531 825 1,511 4.8 8.9

 Office and administrative support occupations ...................... 19,662 18,436 935 1,509 4.5 7.6

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance

occupations .................................................................................... 14,473 13,223 1,581 2,727 9.8 17.1

 Farming, fishing, and forestry occupations ............................. 965 803 160 216 14.2 21.2

 Construction and extraction occupations ................................ 8,473 7,196 1,232 2,067 12.7 22.3

 Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations ................ 5,035 5,224 190 445 3.6 7.8

Production, transportation, and material moving

occupations .................................................................................... 18,268 16,223 1,337 2,585 6.8 13.7

 Production occupations .............................................................. 9,327 7,647 659 1,343 6.6 14.9

 Transportation and material moving occupations ................. 8,940 8,575 678 1,242 7.1 12.7

1 Persons with no previous work experience and persons whose last job was in the Armed Forces are included in the unemployed total.

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-11. Unemployed persons by industry and class of worker, not seasonally adjusted

Industry and class of worker

Number of

unemployed

persons

(in thousands)

Unemployment

rates

Mar.

2008

Mar.

2009

Mar.

2008

Mar.

2009

 Total, 16 years and over 1 .................................................... 8,027 13,895 5.2 9.0

Nonagricultural private wage and salary workers .................... 6,480 11,685 5.5 9.8

 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction ......................... 28 105 3.7 12.6

 Construction .................................................................................. 1,170 1,979 12.0 21.1

 Manufacturing ............................................................................... 831 1,912 5.0 12.2

 Durable goods ............................................................................ 507 1,307 4.8 13.1

 Nondurable goods ..................................................................... 324 605 5.4 10.6

 Wholesale and retail trade ......................................................... 992 1,852 4.9 9.0

 Transportation and utilities ......................................................... 267 558 4.3 9.0

 Information ..................................................................................... 155 252 4.8 7.8

 Financial activities ........................................................................ 323 639 3.4 6.8

 Professional and business services ......................................... 876 1,597 6.2 11.4

 Education and health services .................................................. 609 931 3.1 4.5

 Leisure and hospitality ................................................................ 944 1,484 7.6 11.6

 Other services ............................................................................... 283 377 4.6 6.0

Agriculture and related private wage and salary workers ...... 175 241 13.2 19.0

Government workers ..................................................................... 425 598 1.9 2.8

Self employed and unpaid family workers ................................. 346 625 3.3 5.9

1 Persons with no previous work experience are included in the unemployed total.

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data. Effective with January 2009 data, industries reflect the introduction of the 2007

Census industry classification system into the Current Population Survey. This industry classification system is derived from the 2007 North American Industry Classification

System. No historical data have been revised.

Table A-12. Alternative measures of labor underutilization

(Percent)

Measure

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

Mar.

2008

Feb.

2009

Mar.

2009

Mar.

2008

Nov.

2008

Dec.

2008

Jan.

2009

Feb.

2009

Mar.

2009

U-1 Persons unemployed 15 weeks or longer, as a percent of the

civilian labor force ..................................................................... 1.8 3.7 4.1 1.6 2.6 2.9 3.0 3.4 3.7

U-2 Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs, as a

percent of the civilian labor force .............................................. 3.0 5.9 6.1 2.7 4.0 4.2 4.5 5.0 5.4

U-3 Total unemployed, as a percent of the civilian labor force

(official unemployment rate) ................................................. 5.2 8.9 9.0 5.1 6.8 7.2 7.6 8.1 8.5

U-4 Total unemployed plus discouraged workers, as a percent of the

civilian labor force plus discouraged workers ........................... 5.5 9.3 9.4 5.3 7.1 7.6 8.0 8.5 8.9

U-5 Total unemployed, plus discouraged workers, plus all other

marginally attached workers, as a percent of the civilian labor

force plus all marginally attached workers ................................ 6.1 10.1 10.3 5.9 7.9 8.3 8.8 9.3 9.8

U-6 Total unemployed, plus all marginally attached workers, plus

total employed part time for economic reasons, as a percent

of the civilian labor force plus all marginally attached workers 9.3 16.0 16.2 9.1 12.6 13.5 13.9 14.8 15.6

NOTE: Marginally attached workers are persons who currently are neither

working nor looking for work but indicate that they want and are available for a job

and have looked for work sometime in the recent past. Discouraged workers, a

subset of the marginally attached, have given a job-market related reason for not

looking currently for a job. Persons employed part time for economic reasons are

those who want and are available for full-time work but have had to settle for a

part-time schedule. For more information, see "BLS introduces new range of

alternative unemployment measures," in the October 1995 issue of the Monthly

Labor Review. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the

release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-13. Persons not in the labor force and multiple jobholders by sex, not seasonally adjusted

(Numbers in thousands)

Category

Total Men Women

Mar.

2008

Mar.

2009

Mar.

2008

Mar.

2009

Mar.

2008

Mar.

2009

NOT IN THE LABOR FORCE

Total not in the labor force .................................................................. 79,860 81,358 30,846 31,919 49,014 49,438

 Persons who currently want a job ...................................................... 4,492 5,535 2,051 2,674 2,442 2,861

Marginally attached to the labor force 1 ........................................ 1,352 2,106 722 1,136 631 970

Reason not currently looking:

Discouragement over job prospects 2 .................................. 401 685 245 433 156 252

Reasons other than discouragement 3 ................................. 951 1,421 477 703 474 717

MULTIPLE JOBHOLDERS

Total multiple jobholders 4 .................................................................. 7,499 7,723 3,691 3,732 3,808 3,991

 Percent of total employed ............................................................... 5.2 5.5 4.8 5.1 5.6 6.0

 Primary job full time, secondary job part time ................................. 4,198 4,204 2,276 2,234 1,922 1,970

 Primary and secondary jobs both part time .................................... 1,693 1,949 481 604 1,212 1,345

 Primary and secondary jobs both full time ...................................... 281 242 197 158 83 84

 Hours vary on primary or secondary job ......................................... 1,288 1,277 724 698 564 579

1 Data refer to persons who have searched for work during the prior 12 months and

were available to take a job during the reference week. 2 Includes thinks no work available, could not find work, lacks schooling or training,

employer thinks too young or old, and other types of discrimination. 3 Includes those who did not actively look for work in the prior 4 weeks for such

reasons as school or family responsibilities, ill health, and transportation problems, as

well as a small number for which reason for nonparticipation was not determined. 4 Includes persons who work part time on their primary job and full time on their

secondary job(s), not shown separately.

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of

January data.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-1. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and selected industry detail

(In thousands)

Industry

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

 Mar. 

2008

 Jan. 

2009

 Feb. 

2009p

 Mar. 

2009p

 Mar. 

2008

 Nov. 

2008

 Dec. 

2008

 Jan. 

2009

 Feb. 

2009p

 Mar. 

2009p

Change

from:

Feb. 2009-

Mar. 2009p

Total nonfarm ............................. 136,944 132,302 132,130 132,072 137,814 135,755 135,074 134,333 133,682 133,019 -663

Total private ........................................ 114,104 109,855 109,286 109,147 115,373 113,212 112,542 111,793 111,139 110,481 -658

Goods-producing ............................................ 21,347 19,580 19,250 19,059 21,800 20,814 20,532 20,127 19,842 19,537 -305

Mining and logging ................................................... 741 766 754 736 756 793 789 781 772 754 -18

Logging ........................................................... 55.0 54.5 54.3 49.0 57.8 56.6 55.7 55.2 54.7 51.7 -3.0

Mining .................................................................... 685.9 711.4 699.5 686.6 697.7 736.8 733.3 725.3 717.3 702.2 -15.1

Oil and gas extraction ........................................ 155.1 168.3 166.6 165.7 156.2 167.4 169.4 167.7 167.9 167.6 -.3

Mining, except oil and gas1................................. 215.1 216.4 212.9 215.1 223.6 230.7 229.2 227.9 226.1 224.8 -1.3

Coal mining ...................................................... 77.6 84.5 83.8 84.1 77.9 84.3 84.5 84.9 84.6 84.6 .0

Support activities for mining .............................. 315.7 326.7 320.0 305.8 317.9 338.7 334.7 329.7 323.3 309.8 -13.5

Construction ............................................................. 7,047 6,295 6,152 6,113 7,401 6,939 6,841 6,706 6,599 6,473 -126

Construction of buildings ................................... 1,650.7 1,475.9 1,439.1 1,412.2 1,712.6 1,588.4 1,572.9 1,536.9 1,509.7 1,476.3 -33.4

Residential building ......................................... 832.9 718.8 698.7 685.5 868.2 781.7 769.4 755.2 740.6 722.6 -18.0

Nonresidential building .................................... 817.8 757.1 740.4 726.7 844.4 806.7 803.5 781.7 769.1 753.7 -15.4

Heavy and civil engineering construction ........ 909.3 822.8 816.2 827.2 993.6 942.5 933.2 926.6 920.5 910.1 -10.4

Specialty trade contractors ............................... 4,486.9 3,996.7 3,896.4 3,873.1 4,694.5 4,408.5 4,335.2 4,242.2 4,168.8 4,086.2 -82.6

Residential specialty trade contractors ........... 1,995.3 1,725.2 1,683.1 1,671.2 2,096.9 1,921.6 1,883.6 1,838.3 1,800.2 1,759.5 -40.7

Nonresidential specialty trade contractors ..... 2,491.6 2,271.5 2,213.3 2,201.9 2,597.6 2,486.9 2,451.6 2,403.9 2,368.6 2,326.7 -41.9

Manufacturing ........................................................... 13,559 12,519 12,344 12,210 13,643 13,082 12,902 12,640 12,471 12,310 -161

Production workers ....................................... 9,782 8,849 8,701 8,571 9,853 9,322 9,174 8,946 8,800 8,654 -146

Durable goods ....................................................... 8,599 7,812 7,686 7,583 8,637 8,216 8,085 7,881 7,753 7,628 -125

Production workers ....................................... 6,114 5,407 5,301 5,198 6,146 5,741 5,633 5,458 5,348 5,233 -115

Wood products ................................................... 470.6 393.4 373.5 379.5 479.8 429.8 416.2 403.9 389.4 389.2 -.2

Nonmetallic mineral products ............................ 467.8 416.2 406.6 402.7 479.4 450.1 441.2 434.3 424.5 415.2 -9.3

Primary metals .................................................... 450.7 410.2 393.7 386.2 450.9 429.8 419.6 409.3 395.5 387.0 -8.5

Fabricated metal products ................................. 1,550.7 1,419.5 1,391.0 1,364.2 1,557.5 1,486.3 1,461.5 1,425.3 1,398.5 1,370.8 -27.7

Machinery ........................................................... 1,192.8 1,123.8 1,097.1 1,071.3 1,193.8 1,162.7 1,150.2 1,126.0 1,100.6 1,073.6 -27.0

1 Computer and electronic products .................... 1,253.5 1,211.8 1,193.7 1,188.0 1,257.9 1,233.3 1,223.7 1,212.9 1,198.6 1,193.3 -5.3

Computer and peripheral equipment ............. 183.3 179.9 174.9 174.3 183.8 181.8 180.0 180.3 176.6 175.1 -1.5

Communications equipment ........................... 127.7 130.8 130.0 129.7 128.3 129.5 129.1 129.6 129.4 130.0 .6

Semiconductors and electronic components . 437.3 409.3 401.2 398.1 439.2 423.2 417.4 410.5 403.8 400.6 -3.2

Electronic instruments ..................................... 442.7 433.3 430.5 429.6 443.6 438.8 437.5 433.8 431.6 430.8 -.8

Electrical equipment and appliances ................ 425.7 406.4 398.9 389.4 427.4 417.5 412.0 406.1 400.3 391.3 -9.0

1 Transportation equipment .................................. 1,655.5 1,398.9 1,419.3 1,399.4 1,653.8 1,532.5 1,501.8 1,423.5 1,424.2 1,398.3 -25.9

Motor vehicles and parts2................................. 922.1 688.3 716.5 704.1 918.3 809.6 781.5 711.2 718.1 700.6 -17.5

Furniture and related products .......................... 498.9 424.0 412.0 404.3 501.4 449.6 440.6 428.6 416.6 406.4 -10.2

Miscellaneous manufacturing ............................ 633.0 607.3 600.2 598.1 635.2 624.2 618.4 611.0 604.5 602.4 -2.1

Nondurable goods ................................................. 4,960 4,707 4,658 4,627 5,006 4,866 4,817 4,759 4,718 4,682 -36

Production workers ....................................... 3,668 3,442 3,400 3,373 3,707 3,581 3,541 3,488 3,452 3,421 -31

Food manufacturing ........................................... 1,458.6 1,447.5 1,438.6 1,435.7 1,485.7 1,489.0 1,477.6 1,470.7 1,467.0 1,464.2 -2.8

Beverages and tobacco products ...................... 193.0 189.3 185.4 186.7 198.9 196.4 195.8 194.2 191.5 192.8 1.3

Textile mills ......................................................... 158.7 133.7 129.0 127.5 158.5 140.6 136.8 133.6 130.2 128.2 -2.0

Textile product mills ........................................... 151.4 137.5 133.3 128.7 151.0 143.5 141.2 137.4 134.3 129.4 -4.9

Apparel ................................................................ 202.9 173.3 174.4 173.0 203.8 187.1 183.5 178.9 177.2 174.8 -2.4

Leather and allied products ............................... 33.3 32.4 31.3 31.4 33.2 32.6 32.6 32.4 31.8 31.6 -.2

Paper and paper products ................................. 447.4 426.4 418.6 414.8 449.9 437.1 433.4 427.3 422.0 418.6 -3.4

Printing and related support activities ............... 605.9 555.6 546.1 540.1 607.4 574.1 567.0 558.1 550.0 542.1 -7.9

Petroleum and coal products ............................. 113.5 109.9 110.5 111.3 116.3 117.2 116.9 114.2 114.6 114.4 -.2

Chemicals ........................................................... 852.3 828.8 827.0 823.4 854.0 842.6 837.1 832.7 829.7 825.8 -3.9

Plastics and rubber products ............................. 742.9 672.8 664.1 654.3 747.3 705.9 694.9 679.7 669.5 659.7 -9.8

See footnotes at the end of table.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-1. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and selected industry detail Continued

(In thousands)

Industry

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

 Mar. 

2008

 Jan. 

2009

 Feb. 

2009p

 Mar. 

2009p

 Mar. 

2008

 Nov. 

2008

 Dec. 

2008

 Jan. 

2009

 Feb. 

2009p

 Mar. 

2009p

Change

from:

Feb. 2009-

Mar. 2009p

Service-providing .............................................. 115,597 112,722 112,880 113,013 116,014 114,941 114,542 114,206 113,840 113,482 -358

Private service-providing ............................... 92,757 90,275 90,036 90,088 93,573 92,398 92,010 91,666 91,297 90,944 -353

Trade, transportation, and utilities ........................... 26,330 25,534 25,212 25,199 26,629 26,005 25,843 25,735 25,614 25,502 -112

Wholesale trade .................................................... 5,980.8 5,771.5 5,724.4 5,712.2 6,012.5 5,890.3 5,850.7 5,819.3 5,778.9 5,747.7 -31.2

Durable goods .................................................... 3,086.7 2,944.5 2,906.8 2,888.7 3,099.8 3,004.9 2,978.6 2,959.6 2,928.3 2,901.9 -26.4

Nondurable goods .............................................. 2,048.1 1,984.9 1,981.1 1,987.6 2,063.0 2,033.6 2,025.1 2,013.9 2,009.2 2,006.0 -3.2

Electronic markets and agents and brokers ..... 846.0 842.1 836.5 835.9 849.7 851.8 847.0 845.8 841.4 839.8 -1.6

Retail trade ............................................................ 15,278.9 14,878.5 14,649.1 14,669.5 15,506.0 15,126.0 15,037.9 14,991.5 14,940.7 14,892.9 -47.8

Motor vehicle and parts dealers1........................ 1,874.6 1,694.9 1,689.1 1,683.7 1,890.9 1,770.5 1,745.6 1,730.1 1,716.4 1,700.3 -16.1

Automobile dealers ......................................... 1,219.6 1,070.8 1,066.8 1,059.7 1,227.6 1,121.2 1,099.9 1,088.6 1,078.8 1,066.9 -11.9

Furniture and home furnishings stores ............. 542.3 511.2 493.5 489.7 550.4 522.6 514.2 508.3 500.0 497.7 -2.3

Electronics and appliance stores ....................... 549.4 538.5 533.6 521.6 552.9 541.5 538.6 535.5 536.4 526.2 -10.2

Building material and garden supply stores ...... 1,241.6 1,161.0 1,156.4 1,168.6 1,264.9 1,235.8 1,227.8 1,214.9 1,206.4 1,193.0 -13.4

Food and beverage stores ................................. 2,849.1 2,822.7 2,801.7 2,801.7 2,874.7 2,843.5 2,835.1 2,835.3 2,827.1 2,826.7 -.4

Health and personal care stores ....................... 1,003.2 986.0 980.1 979.6 1,007.7 989.4 991.2 985.7 986.0 985.1 -.9

Gasoline stations ................................................ 844.4 824.1 820.9 822.0 854.2 836.9 834.4 833.0 832.2 831.3 -.9

Clothing and clothing accessories stores ......... 1,445.6 1,440.7 1,388.5 1,385.1 1,498.2 1,462.2 1,448.5 1,445.0 1,443.6 1,437.4 -6.2

Sporting goods, hobby, book, and music

stores ................................................................ 636.6 634.4 600.3 592.9 653.8 633.1 624.3 620.8 613.8 611.4 -2.4

1 General merchandise stores ............................. 3,022.8 3,033.4 2,964.5 3,028.7 3,060.7 3,024.5 3,029.2 3,040.7 3,043.4 3,057.2 13.8

Department stores .......................................... 1,544.8 1,540.2 1,489.6 1,501.3 1,583.5 1,517.5 1,521.2 1,529.1 1,533.7 1,533.4 -.3

Miscellaneous store retailers ............................. 834.1 805.1 805.4 786.6 854.5 838.3 825.0 819.5 815.7 808.3 -7.4

Nonstore retailers ............................................... 435.2 426.5 415.1 409.3 443.1 427.7 424.0 422.7 419.7 418.3 -1.4

Transportation and warehousing .......................... 4,514.9 4,315.9 4,270.3 4,247.8 4,553.4 4,424.4 4,389.9 4,354.4 4,324.0 4,290.0 -34.0

Air transportation ................................................ 502.5 472.5 471.9 471.6 505.4 481.6 477.8 476.8 475.1 473.0 -2.1

Rail transportation .............................................. 230.1 225.9 223.6 223.6 231.4 229.0 226.8 227.1 225.3 224.9 -.4

Water transportation ........................................... 62.8 58.0 57.2 56.7 66.0 62.6 60.3 59.7 60.5 59.8 -.7

Truck transportation ........................................... 1,389.4 1,292.8 1,275.7 1,269.5 1,414.6 1,358.0 1,340.8 1,323.3 1,310.4 1,295.5 -14.9

Transit and ground passenger transportation ... 433.6 418.5 418.9 417.8 420.0 411.7 410.1 408.1 406.6 405.0 -1.6

Pipeline transportation ....................................... 40.5 42.9 42.7 42.3 40.8 43.2 43.3 43.1 43.0 42.8 -.2

Scenic and sightseeing transportation .............. 23.1 20.8 20.3 20.8 28.7 27.2 27.2 26.9 26.6 26.4 -.2

Support activities for transportation ................... 587.8 564.3 557.0 547.5 591.2 582.2 579.5 569.3 560.4 553.2 -7.2

Couriers and messengers .................................. 572.7 565.0 558.3 553.4 577.5 565.7 564.6 563.2 563.7 558.6 -5.1

Warehousing and storage .................................. 672.4 655.2 644.7 644.6 677.8 663.2 659.5 656.9 652.4 650.8 -1.6

Utilities ................................................................... 555.2 568.4 568.0 569.0 557.4 564.0 564.6 569.3 570.0 570.9 .9

Information ................................................................ 3,016 2,895 2,903 2,904 3,023 2,965 2,940 2,924 2,917 2,907 -10

Publishing industries, except Internet ............... 891.8 840.5 832.4 825.5 893.3 863.6 857.8 846.3 834.8 827.2 -7.6

Motion picture and sound recording industries . 380.8 360.5 380.7 393.5 385.2 385.0 377.2 376.7 389.0 395.0 6.0

Broadcasting, except Internet ............................ 317.9 304.8 299.8 298.5 319.0 313.1 308.1 306.5 302.3 299.7 -2.6

Telecommunications .......................................... 1,027.2 1,001.8 1,001.9 995.6 1,028.0 1,010.2 1,004.0 1,001.6 1,000.3 996.4 -3.9

Data processing, hosting and related services . 264.7 252.2 253.3 256.7 263.4 257.5 256.4 257.0 255.4 255.2 -.2

Other information services ................................. 133.9 135.0 134.9 133.8 134.2 135.1 136.5 135.7 134.9 133.7 -1.2

Financial activities .................................................... 8,171 7,901 7,863 7,823 8,204 8,043 8,010 7,954 7,910 7,867 -43

Finance and insurance .......................................... 6,056.4 5,875.3 5,856.1 5,832.8 6,055.8 5,948.7 5,924.0 5,890.4 5,863.3 5,838.0 -25.3

Monetary authorities - central bank ................... 22.5 20.8 20.8 20.8 22.4 21.5 21.3 21.0 21.0 20.8 -.2

1 Credit intermediation and related activities ....... 2,765.2 2,661.1 2,651.9 2,636.3 2,763.3 2,692.8 2,680.8 2,665.3 2,652.9 2,637.7 -15.2

1 Depository credit intermediation ..................... 1,823.3 1,799.2 1,791.0 1,781.2 1,824.9 1,806.9 1,804.9 1,798.1 1,792.7 1,785.2 -7.5

Commercial banking .................................... 1,361.3 1,346.7 1,340.2 1,333.4 1,362.0 1,352.7 1,351.8 1,346.6 1,342.4 1,336.0 -6.4

Securities, commodity contracts, investments .. 868.4 823.8 818.6 812.0 867.5 842.1 839.9 826.5 819.7 812.4 -7.3

Insurance carriers and related activities ........... 2,310.6 2,279.4 2,276.0 2,275.5 2,313.3 2,300.9 2,292.0 2,287.4 2,281.1 2,279.0 -2.1

Funds, trusts, and other financial vehicles ........ 89.7 90.2 88.8 88.2 89.3 91.4 90.0 90.2 88.6 88.1 -.5

Real estate and rental and leasing ....................... 2,114.6 2,025.3 2,006.6 1,990.2 2,148.5 2,093.8 2,085.8 2,063.2 2,047.0 2,029.1 -17.9

Real estate .......................................................... 1,468.7 1,418.8 1,408.8 1,398.6 1,489.4 1,461.7 1,458.2 1,444.9 1,435.1 1,423.4 -11.7

Rental and leasing services ............................... 618.0 578.5 569.8 563.5 630.6 603.8 599.3 589.9 583.6 577.1 -6.5

Lessors of nonfinancial intangible assets ......... 27.9 28.0 28.0 28.1 28.5 28.3 28.3 28.4 28.3 28.6 .3

See footnotes at the end of table.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-1. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and selected industry detail Continued

(In thousands)

Industry

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

 Mar. 

2008

 Jan. 

2009

 Feb. 

2009p

 Mar. 

2009p

 Mar. 

2008

 Nov. 

2008

 Dec. 

2008

 Jan. 

2009

 Feb. 

2009p

 Mar. 

2009p

Change

from:

Feb. 2009-

Mar. 2009p

Professional and business services ........................ 17,733 16,877 16,741 16,678 17,954 17,488 17,356 17,205 17,027 16,894 -133

1 Professional and technical services ..................... 7,882.5 7,787.7 7,797.5 7,750.9 7,818.8 7,827.7 7,797.2 7,765.5 7,728.8 7,697.5 -31.3

Legal services .................................................. 1,162.9 1,144.1 1,139.5 1,139.0 1,168.8 1,157.7 1,156.8 1,154.1 1,149.2 1,146.5 -2.7

Accounting and bookkeeping services ........... 1,064.1 1,021.4 1,063.5 1,042.0 948.8 941.0 933.7 927.5 926.3 927.9 1.6

Architectural and engineering services .......... 1,430.5 1,391.3 1,370.7 1,353.9 1,450.9 1,428.6 1,419.4 1,411.1 1,392.5 1,376.2 -16.3

Computer systems design and related

services .......................................................... 1,426.5 1,459.7 1,459.7 1,454.0 1,432.4 1,467.9 1,466.8 1,462.4 1,463.9 1,460.0 -3.9

Management and technical consulting

services .......................................................... 988.5 1,011.8 1,009.1 1,003.7 997.1 1,024.9 1,020.5 1,025.7 1,020.6 1,014.5 -6.1

Management of companies and enterprises ....... 1,895.5 1,866.9 1,854.0 1,848.9 1,906.7 1,882.0 1,872.1 1,871.7 1,865.3 1,859.0 -6.3

Administrative and waste services ....................... 7,955.2 7,222.4 7,089.8 7,078.3 8,228.2 7,778.3 7,686.3 7,567.5 7,432.9 7,337.3 -95.6

1 Administrative and support services ................. 7,603.6 6,863.0 6,735.5 6,724.3 7,870.7 7,414.2 7,324.4 7,203.1 7,070.9 6,976.6 -94.3

1 Employment services ...................................... 3,176.0 2,561.4 2,485.3 2,433.8 3,304.7 2,896.7 2,829.5 2,720.5 2,628.4 2,540.0 -88.4

Temporary help services ............................. 2,372.2 1,829.4 1,767.7 1,728.8 2,486.8 2,128.5 2,055.6 1,965.7 1,888.5 1,816.8 -71.7

Business support services .............................. 836.5 814.0 806.8 807.6 831.1 823.7 816.0 817.6 806.8 804.4 -2.4

Services to buildings and dwellings ............... 1,721.0 1,652.2 1,628.9 1,657.6 1,853.7 1,829.4 1,818.1 1,812.5 1,798.7 1,791.1 -7.6

Waste management and remediation services 351.6 359.4 354.3 354.0 357.5 364.1 361.9 364.4 362.0 360.7 -1.3

Education and health services ................................ 18,833 19,013 19,239 19,269 18,698 19,044 19,080 19,119 19,141 19,149 8

Educational services ............................................. 3,153.1 3,017.5 3,221.5 3,219.9 3,006.5 3,066.0 3,063.1 3,088.4 3,087.1 3,080.3 -6.8

Health care and social assistance ........................15,679.4 15,995.7 16,017.7 16,048.7 15,691.1 15,977.8 16,017.0 16,030.3 16,053.5 16,068.3 14.8

3 Health care ......................................................... 13,168.7 13,455.3 13,471.0 13,492.4 13,199.7 13,442.4 13,475.9 13,490.2 13,512.9 13,526.4 13.5

1 Ambulatory health care services .................... 5,587.5 5,734.3 5,749.3 5,761.5 5,599.3 5,727.7 5,742.6 5,753.3 5,768.2 5,775.9 7.7

Offices of physicians .................................... 2,238.0 2,295.7 2,298.0 2,301.5 2,243.7 2,289.8 2,294.5 2,300.4 2,304.9 2,308.1 3.2

Outpatient care centers ................................ 527.6 536.7 537.5 538.6 527.5 536.9 536.7 538.0 538.5 539.2 .7

Home health care services .......................... 941.7 976.3 985.2 990.9 943.3 975.6 980.7 981.4 989.5 992.2 2.7

Hospitals .......................................................... 4,587.5 4,699.5 4,699.5 4,697.5 4,599.1 4,692.4 4,703.7 4,707.5 4,710.6 4,709.9 -.7

1 Nursing and residential care facilities ............ 2,993.7 3,021.5 3,022.2 3,033.4 3,001.3 3,022.3 3,029.6 3,029.4 3,034.1 3,040.6 6.5

Nursing care facilities ................................... 1,610.7 1,612.9 1,611.6 1,617.3 1,614.7 1,614.5 1,617.3 1,616.6 1,617.7 1,620.7 3.0

1 Social assistance ................................................ 2,510.7 2,540.4 2,546.7 2,556.3 2,491.4 2,535.4 2,541.1 2,540.1 2,540.6 2,541.9 1.3

Child day care services ................................... 879.0 869.5 872.8 873.5 861.7 863.2 864.3 862.7 861.4 858.8 -2.6

Leisure and hospitality ............................................. 13,156 12,667 12,678 12,813 13,528 13,344 13,304 13,268 13,240 13,200 -40

Arts, entertainment, and recreation ...................... 1,837.2 1,732.9 1,747.3 1,776.1 1,996.1 1,944.0 1,947.1 1,943.8 1,943.7 1,935.1 -8.6

Performing arts and spectator sports ................ 385.0 366.8 373.5 379.4 409.3 398.8 401.4 405.7 403.7 403.1 -.6

Museums, historical sites, zoos, and parks ...... 124.0 119.3 118.8 120.0 133.2 130.6 130.8 130.3 130.6 129.5 -1.1

Amusements, gambling, and recreation ........... 1,328.2 1,246.8 1,255.0 1,276.7 1,453.6 1,414.6 1,414.9 1,407.8 1,409.4 1,402.5 -6.9

Accommodation and food services ...................... 11,318.5 10,933.9 10,930.8 11,037.1 11,532.0 11,399.6 11,356.5 11,323.7 11,296.2 11,264.7 -31.5

Accommodation .................................................. 1,825.0 1,685.5 1,677.1 1,668.0 1,883.9 1,812.1 1,794.3 1,768.4 1,750.9 1,728.3 -22.6

Food services and drinking places .................... 9,493.5 9,248.4 9,253.7 9,369.1 9,648.1 9,587.5 9,562.2 9,555.3 9,545.3 9,536.4 -8.9

Other services .......................................................... 5,518 5,388 5,400 5,402 5,537 5,509 5,477 5,461 5,448 5,425 -23

Repair and maintenance .................................... 1,242.5 1,168.8 1,165.5 1,163.1 1,242.2 1,204.7 1,189.9 1,184.7 1,176.7 1,166.4 -10.3

Personal and laundry services .......................... 1,317.1 1,292.9 1,296.0 1,295.6 1,324.2 1,323.2 1,320.9 1,313.6 1,313.3 1,304.7 -8.6

Membership associations and organizations .... 2,958.1 2,926.5 2,938.2 2,943.6 2,970.2 2,980.7 2,965.7 2,963.1 2,958.1 2,953.8 -4.3

Government .............................................................. 22,840 22,447 22,844 22,925 22,441 22,543 22,532 22,540 22,543 22,538 -5

Federal ................................................................... 2,732 2,779 2,780 2,784 2,751 2,783 2,778 2,793 2,795 2,802 7

Federal, except U.S. Postal Service ................. 1,976.7 2,042.0 2,057.8 2,066.5 1,989.6 2,052.4 2,057.3 2,065.8 2,070.7 2,079.1 8.4

U.S. Postal Service ............................................ 755.6 736.5 722.0 717.7 761.5 730.1 720.9 726.9 724.0 722.8 -1.2

State government .................................................. 5,293 5,119 5,302 5,320 5,152 5,197 5,196 5,192 5,187 5,184 -3

State government education .............................. 2,482.5 2,320.4 2,503.3 2,524.3 2,334.7 2,380.3 2,381.3 2,380.2 2,378.8 2,379.2 .4

State government, excluding education ............ 2,810.1 2,798.6 2,798.8 2,795.9 2,817.3 2,816.4 2,814.8 2,811.6 2,808.5 2,804.6 -3.9

Local government .................................................. 14,815 14,549 14,762 14,821 14,538 14,563 14,558 14,555 14,561 14,552 -9

Local government education ............................. 8,440.8 8,173.3 8,392.1 8,445.4 8,076.4 8,067.6 8,060.5 8,070.7 8,081.1 8,080.3 -.8

Local government, excluding education ........... 6,373.9 6,375.2 6,370.3 6,375.5 6,461.5 6,495.6 6,497.7 6,484.7 6,479.5 6,471.8 -7.7

1

Includes other industries, not shown separately.

2 Includes motor vehicles, motor vehicle bodies and trailers, and motor

vehicle parts.

3

Includes ambulatory health care services, hospitals, and nursing

and residential care facilities.

p = preliminary.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-2. Average weekly hours of production and nonsupervisory workers1on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and

selected industry detail

Industry

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

 Mar. 

2008

 Jan. 

2009

 Feb. 

2009p

 Mar. 

2009p

 Mar. 

2008

 Nov. 

2008

 Dec. 

2008

 Jan. 

2009

 Feb. 

2009p

 Mar. 

2009p

Change

from:

Feb. 2009-

Mar. 2009p

Total private ....................................... 33.8 32.9 33.2 33.2 33.8 33.4 33.3 33.3 33.3 33.2 -0.1

Goods-producing .......................................... 40.4 38.8 38.6 38.7 40.6 39.5 39.4 39.3 39.2 38.9 -.3

Mining and logging ................................................. 45.7 43.6 43.4 42.6 46.2 45.3 44.3 44.2 44.0 43.2 -.8

Construction ............................................................ 38.5 37.1 37.0 37.3 38.9 37.7 38.0 37.9 38.1 37.8 -.3

Manufacturing ......................................................... 41.1 39.5 39.2 39.2 41.2 40.2 39.9 39.8 39.5 39.3 -.2

Overtime hours ............................................ 3.9 2.7 2.5 2.5 4.0 3.2 2.9 2.9 2.7 2.7 .0

Durable goods ..................................................... 41.4 39.5 39.2 39.2 41.5 40.4 40.0 39.8 39.5 39.3 -.2

Overtime hours ............................................ 4.0 2.5 2.3 2.4 4.1 3.1 2.8 2.7 2.5 2.5 .0

Wood products .................................................. 38.3 35.7 36.0 36.2 38.7 37.6 36.8 36.9 37.0 36.8 -.2

Nonmetallic mineral products ......................... 42.6 38.9 38.6 39.2 43.2 40.9 40.9 40.2 40.0 39.8 -.2

Primary metals .................................................. 43.0 40.3 39.6 40.1 43.0 40.9 40.5 40.4 39.9 40.1 .2

Fabricated metal products .............................. 41.7 39.5 39.2 38.8 41.8 40.8 40.3 39.7 39.4 38.9 -.5

Machinery .......................................................... 42.8 40.8 40.5 40.1 42.8 41.4 41.1 40.9 40.5 40.2 -.3

Computer and electronic products ................ 41.0 40.4 40.3 39.9 41.0 41.3 40.4 40.7 40.5 39.9 -.6

Electrical equipment and appliances ............ 41.2 39.3 38.5 38.0 41.3 40.2 39.7 39.4 38.8 38.2 -.6

Transportation equipment ............................... 42.5 40.3 40.1 40.1 42.4 40.9 40.9 40.4 40.1 40.1 .0

Motor vehicles and parts 2.............................. 42.0 38.2 38.0 38.1 41.9 40.0 39.9 38.6 38.1 38.2 .1

Furniture and related products ....................... 38.5 37.4 36.9 37.8 38.7 37.2 37.3 37.7 37.5 37.9 .4

Miscellaneous manufacturing ......................... 39.4 38.3 37.9 38.3 39.2 38.5 38.3 38.4 38.2 38.2 .0

Nondurable goods ............................................... 40.5 39.4 39.1 39.2 40.7 39.9 39.7 39.7 39.4 39.4 .0

Overtime hours ............................................ 3.8 3.0 2.8 2.8 3.9 3.4 3.1 3.2 3.0 3.0 .0

Food manufacturing ......................................... 40.3 39.7 39.3 39.6 40.8 39.9 39.8 40.1 39.9 40.0 .1

Beverages and tobacco products .................. 39.9 36.3 36.4 35.4 40.1 37.9 36.7 37.0 36.8 35.7 -1.1

Textile mills ........................................................ 38.8 36.7 36.0 36.5 38.8 37.7 37.0 37.1 36.5 36.6 .1

Textile product mills ......................................... 39.4 36.5 36.9 37.1 39.3 37.9 37.1 37.0 37.0 37.0 .0

Apparel ............................................................... 36.9 35.6 35.3 36.3 36.7 36.2 36.0 36.0 35.6 36.1 .5

Leather and allied products ............................ 39.0 33.4 32.5 33.4 38.6 34.4 34.7 34.0 33.1 33.3 .2

Paper and paper products .............................. 43.3 41.4 41.2 40.7 43.6 42.1 41.9 41.6 41.5 41.1 -.4

Printing and related support activities ........... 38.7 37.4 37.3 37.6 38.6 38.2 38.0 37.7 37.5 37.5 .0

Petroleum and coal products .......................... 42.8 44.9 43.5 42.7 43.7 44.4 45.3 45.1 43.8 43.9 .1

Chemicals .......................................................... 41.9 40.8 41.0 40.8 41.9 41.3 41.1 41.1 41.0 40.9 -.1

Plastics and rubber products .......................... 41.1 39.9 39.3 39.2 41.2 40.6 40.0 39.9 39.5 39.4 -.1

Private service-providing ............................. 32.5 31.8 32.3 32.2 32.4 32.2 32.2 32.2 32.1 32.1 .0

Trade, transportation, and utilities ....................... 33.3 32.4 32.7 32.8 33.3 33.0 32.9 32.9 32.8 32.8 .0

Wholesale trade ................................................... 38.6 37.7 38.1 37.8 38.4 38.1 37.8 38.1 37.9 37.7 -.2

Retail trade ........................................................... 30.0 29.2 29.6 29.6 30.2 29.8 29.7 29.7 29.8 29.7 -.1

Transportation and warehousing ...................... 36.7 35.5 35.4 36.1 36.6 36.1 36.2 36.0 35.7 36.0 .3

Utilities ................................................................... 43.0 42.5 43.2 42.0 43.2 42.4 42.9 42.6 43.1 42.2 -.9

Information ............................................................... 36.7 36.8 37.1 36.9 36.5 37.0 37.0 37.2 36.9 36.8 -.1

Financial activities .................................................. 36.2 35.9 36.8 36.5 35.8 36.1 35.9 36.2 36.2 36.1 -.1

Professional and business services .................... 35.1 34.4 34.9 34.9 34.8 34.9 34.8 34.9 34.8 34.7 -.1

Education and health services ............................. 32.7 32.3 32.5 32.4 32.7 32.4 32.4 32.4 32.3 32.4 .1

Leisure and hospitality ........................................... 25.3 24.0 25.0 24.8 25.3 25.0 25.0 24.8 25.0 24.8 -.2

Other services ......................................................... 30.9 30.5 30.7 30.6 30.9 30.7 30.6 30.7 30.6 30.6 .0

1 Data relate to production workers in mining and logging and manufacturing,

construction workers in construction, and nonsupervisory workers

in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately

four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm payrolls.

2

Includes motor vehicles, motor vehicle bodies and trailers, and motor

vehicle parts.

p = preliminary.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-3. Average hourly and weekly earnings of production and nonsupervisory workers1on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and 

selected industry detail

Industry

Average hourly earnings Average weekly earnings

 Mar. 

2008

 Jan. 

2009

 Feb. 

2009p

 Mar. 

2009p

 Mar. 

2008

 Jan. 

2009

 Feb. 

2009p

 Mar. 

2009p

Total private ....................................... $17.97 $18.49 $18.57 $18.56 $607.39 $608.32 $616.52 $616.19

Seasonally adjusted ..................... 17.90 18.43 18.47 18.50 605.02 613.72 615.05 614.20

Goods-producing .......................................... 19.06 19.64 19.64 19.72 770.02 762.03 758.10 763.16

Mining and logging ................................................. 22.29 23.41 23.20 23.28 1,018.65 1,020.68 1,006.88 991.73

Construction ............................................................ 21.44 22.32 22.26 22.48 825.44 828.07 823.62 838.50

Manufacturing ......................................................... 17.62 18.03 18.07 18.07 724.18 712.19 708.34 708.34

Durable goods ..................................................... 18.56 18.99 19.08 19.16 768.38 750.11 747.94 751.07

Wood products .................................................. 13.92 14.69 14.76 14.70 533.14 524.43 531.36 532.14

Nonmetallic mineral products ......................... 16.79 16.82 17.05 17.23 715.25 654.30 658.13 675.42

Primary metals .................................................. 20.23 19.80 19.68 19.62 869.89 797.94 779.33 786.76

Fabricated metal products .............................. 16.86 17.24 17.29 17.31 703.06 680.98 677.77 671.63

Machinery .......................................................... 17.87 18.16 18.21 18.32 764.84 740.93 737.51 734.63

Computer and electronic products ................ 20.76 21.46 21.37 21.60 851.16 866.98 861.21 861.84

Electrical equipment and appliances ............ 15.64 15.81 15.94 15.99 644.37 621.33 613.69 607.62

Transportation equipment ............................... 23.52 24.66 24.68 24.79 999.60 993.80 989.67 994.08

Furniture and related products ....................... 14.42 14.95 14.86 14.96 555.17 559.13 548.33 565.49

Miscellaneous manufacturing ......................... 15.08 15.66 15.97 15.97 594.15 599.78 605.26 611.65

Nondurable goods ............................................... 16.01 16.51 16.49 16.39 648.41 650.49 644.76 642.49

Food manufacturing ......................................... 13.85 14.34 14.29 14.25 558.16 569.30 561.60 564.30

Beverages and tobacco products .................. 19.73 20.07 20.33 20.37 787.23 728.54 740.01 721.10

Textile mills ........................................................ 13.45 13.90 13.71 13.77 521.86 510.13 493.56 502.61

Textile product mills ......................................... 11.77 11.59 11.53 11.33 463.74 423.04 425.46 420.34

Apparel ............................................................... 11.35 11.46 11.44 11.27 418.82 407.98 403.83 409.10

Leather and allied products ............................ 12.81 14.10 14.31 14.25 499.59 470.94 465.08 475.95

Paper and paper products .............................. 18.70 19.27 18.99 18.86 809.71 797.78 782.39 767.60

Printing and related support activities ........... 16.64 16.79 16.85 16.76 643.97 627.95 628.51 630.18

Petroleum and coal products .......................... 27.06 29.13 29.57 29.66 1,158.17 1,307.94 1,286.30 1,266.48

Chemicals .......................................................... 19.31 19.89 19.92 19.76 809.09 811.51 816.72 806.21

Plastics and rubber products .......................... 15.72 16.24 16.23 16.17 646.09 647.98 637.84 633.86

Private service-providing ............................. 17.70 18.23 18.33 18.31 575.25 579.71 592.06 589.58

Trade, transportation, and utilities ....................... 16.14 16.37 16.47 16.43 537.46 530.39 538.57 538.90

Wholesale trade ................................................... 20.08 20.44 20.64 20.63 775.09 770.59 786.38 779.81

Retail trade ........................................................... 12.88 12.96 12.98 13.02 386.40 378.43 384.21 385.39

Transportation and warehousing ...................... 18.20 18.68 18.77 18.62 667.94 663.14 664.46 672.18

Utilities ................................................................... 28.90 29.27 29.68 29.38 1,242.70 1,243.98 1,282.18 1,233.96

Information ............................................................... 24.62 25.03 25.11 25.26 903.55 921.10 931.58 932.09

Financial activities .................................................. 20.17 20.48 20.67 20.69 730.15 735.23 760.66 755.19

Professional and business services .................... 21.00 22.16 22.52 22.56 737.10 762.30 785.95 787.34

Education and health services ............................. 18.74 19.26 19.25 19.22 612.80 622.10 625.63 622.73

Leisure and hospitality ........................................... 10.77 11.03 11.07 10.99 272.48 264.72 276.75 272.55

Other services ......................................................... 16.11 16.34 16.33 16.37 497.80 498.37 501.33 500.92

1 See footnote 1, table B-2.

p = preliminary.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-4. Average hourly earnings of production and nonsupervisory workers1 on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector 

and selected industry detail, seasonally adjusted

Industry

Total private:

 Mar. 

2008

 Nov. 

2008

 Dec. 

2008

 Jan. 

2009

 Feb. 

2009p

 Mar. 

2009p

Percent

change from:

Feb. 2009-

Mar. 2009 p

Current dollars ................................................ $17.90 $18.34 $18.40 $18.43 $18.47 $18.50 0.2

Constant (1982) dollars 2................................. 8.28 8.54 8.65 8.64 8.62 N.A.

Goods-producing .......................................................... 19.17 19.63 19.69 19.72 19.78 19.84 .3

Mining and logging ................................................................. 22.28 23.28 23.23 23.14 23.12 23.30 .8

Construction ............................................................................ 21.58 22.28 22.41 22.43 22.44 22.61 .8

Manufacturing ......................................................................... 17.64 17.94 17.96 17.99 18.06 18.08 .1

.....................................................

4 Excluding overtime 16.82 17.25 17.33 17.36 17.46 17.48 .1

Durable goods ..................................................................... 18.58 18.91 18.94 18.99 19.07 19.16 .5

Nondurable goods ............................................................... 16.05 16.37 16.39 16.43 16.50 16.44 -.4

Private service-providing ............................................. 17.58 18.03 18.10 18.14 18.17 18.20 .2

Trade, transportation, and utilities ....................................... 16.07 16.29 16.31 16.36 16.38 16.38 .0

Wholesale trade ................................................................... 20.04 20.29 20.31 20.41 20.49 20.56 .3

Retail trade ........................................................................... 12.83 12.93 12.94 12.97 12.96 12.98 .2

Transportation and warehousing ...................................... 18.25 18.66 18.66 18.72 18.72 18.69 -.2

Utilities ................................................................................... 28.79 28.91 29.16 29.22 29.67 29.25 -1.4

Information ............................................................................... 24.58 24.94 24.91 24.98 25.07 25.19 .5

Financial activities .................................................................. 20.12 20.41 20.53 20.53 20.56 20.64 .4

Professional and business services .................................... 20.78 21.78 21.97 22.04 22.20 22.33 .6

Education and health services ............................................. 18.69 19.13 19.20 19.18 19.23 19.21 -.1

Leisure and hospitality ........................................................... 10.75 10.90 10.94 10.97 10.98 10.98 .0

Other services ......................................................................... 15.94 16.29 16.29 16.30 16.25 16.24 -.1

3( )

1 See footnote 1, table B-2.

2 The Consumer Price Index for Urban Wage Earners and Clerical Workers

(CPI-W) is used to deflate this series.

3 Change was -0.1 percent from Dec. 2008 to Jan. 2009, the latest month

available.

4 Derived by assuming that overtime hours are paid at the rate of time

and one-half.

N.A. = not available.

p = preliminary.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-5. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours of production and nonsupervisory workers1on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and

selected industry detail

(2002=100)

Industry

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

 Mar. 

2008

 Jan. 

2009

 Feb. 

2009p

 Mar. 

2009p

 Mar. 

2008

 Nov. 

2008

 Dec. 

2008

 Jan. 

2009

 Feb. 

2009p

 Mar. 

2009p

Percent

change from:

Feb. 2009-

Mar. 2009p

Total private ....................................... 106.2 99.3 99.6 99.5 107.5 104.1 103.2 102.5 101.9 100.9 -1.0

Goods-producing .......................................... 97.2 84.0 81.9 81.1 100.2 92.0 90.4 88.1 86.5 84.1 -2.8

Mining and logging ................................................. 134.8 132.5 129.8 123.8 139.7 143.2 139.1 138.3 135.6 128.8 -5.0

Construction ............................................................ 104.1 88.2 85.7 85.9 111.5 100.5 99.8 97.5 96.5 93.4 -3.2

Manufacturing ......................................................... 92.3 80.2 78.3 77.1 93.2 86.0 84.0 81.7 79.8 78.1 -2.1

Durable goods ..................................................... 95.1 80.2 78.1 76.5 95.8 87.1 84.6 81.6 79.4 77.3 -2.6

Wood products .................................................. 78.6 60.9 57.9 59.1 81.2 70.5 66.7 64.6 62.1 62.0 -.2

Nonmetallic mineral products ......................... 92.3 74.5 71.9 72.5 96.3 86.3 84.0 81.0 78.7 76.4 -2.9

Primary metals .................................................. 91.6 75.6 71.0 69.9 91.5 81.5 78.1 75.6 71.9 70.1 -2.5

Fabricated metal products .............................. 104.3 89.1 86.3 83.4 104.9 96.6 93.8 89.8 87.1 84.0 -3.6

Machinery .......................................................... 104.5 91.3 88.5 84.8 104.8 96.7 94.8 91.8 88.6 85.3 -3.7

Computer and electronic products ................ 103.2 95.7 93.3 90.8 103.5 99.7 96.8 96.4 93.9 90.9 -3.2

Electrical equipment and appliances ............ 89.3 81.8 78.2 74.8 89.9 86.1 83.8 81.8 79.0 75.6 -4.3

Transportation equipment ............................... 93.9 71.7 72.3 71.1 93.6 81.0 79.0 73.2 72.6 71.1 -2.1

Motor vehicles and parts 2.............................. 78.7 51.2 52.8 51.9 78.2 63.9 61.3 53.5 53.0 51.8 -2.3

Furniture and related products ....................... 78.8 63.5 60.8 60.9 79.8 67.4 66.1 64.7 62.5 61.5 -1.6

Miscellaneous manufacturing ......................... 91.1 84.2 82.5 81.8 91.0 87.1 85.9 84.8 83.3 82.1 -1.4

Nondurable goods ............................................... 87.5 79.9 78.3 77.9 88.9 84.2 82.8 81.6 80.1 79.4 -.9

Food manufacturing ......................................... 98.7 96.1 94.4 94.8 102.1 99.3 98.6 98.7 98.0 98.0 .0

Beverages and tobacco products .................. 89.2 84.9 82.8 82.8 93.8 91.6 89.3 90.1 88.7 87.1 -1.8

Textile mills ........................................................ 51.2 39.6 37.3 37.4 50.9 42.6 40.7 39.7 38.1 37.4 -1.8

Textile product mills ......................................... 73.8 61.6 60.8 58.7 73.3 67.5 65.0 62.7 61.3 58.6 -4.4

Apparel ............................................................... 58.1 47.7 47.4 48.3 58.2 52.7 51.3 49.7 48.6 48.6 .0

Leather and allied products ............................ 70.3 60.0 56.0 57.8 69.6 62.0 62.5 60.9 58.3 58.3 .0

Paper and paper products .............................. 84.4 77.3 75.2 73.3 85.6 80.9 79.8 77.9 76.3 74.8 -2.0

Printing and related support activities ........... 89.2 77.6 75.9 75.7 89.2 82.5 80.6 78.7 76.9 75.8 -1.4

Petroleum and coal products .......................... 96.0 87.4 83.5 82.5 101.0 98.6 98.4 93.3 88.9 88.1 -.9

Chemicals .......................................................... 96.3 89.7 89.9 89.0 96.4 93.4 91.8 91.0 90.3 89.4 -1.0

Plastics and rubber products .......................... 89.5 77.0 74.9 73.4 90.1 82.9 80.2 78.0 76.1 74.7 -1.8

Private service-providing ............................. 108.8 103.5 104.9 104.7 109.5 107.5 107.0 106.6 105.9 105.5 -.4

Trade, transportation, and utilities ....................... 103.7 97.8 97.3 97.7 105.1 101.4 100.6 100.2 99.4 99.1 -.3

Wholesale trade ................................................... 110.3 103.4 103.6 102.6 110.5 107.0 105.5 105.6 104.3 103.1 -1.2

Retail trade ........................................................... 99.5 94.5 94.1 94.3 101.9 97.9 97.1 96.8 96.8 96.3 -.5

Transportation and warehousing ...................... 108.5 100.4 99.0 100.7 109.4 104.5 104.2 102.8 101.2 101.7 .5

Utilities ................................................................... 97.9 99.7 101.2 98.6 98.9 98.7 100.2 100.1 101.5 99.6 -1.9

Information ............................................................... 101.1 97.5 98.3 97.9 100.7 100.2 99.6 99.4 98.4 97.8 -.6

Financial activities .................................................. 108.6 104.8 106.9 105.5 108.0 107.3 106.2 106.5 105.9 105.0 -.8

Professional and business services .................... 114.6 105.9 106.6 106.2 115.2 112.0 110.8 110.1 108.5 107.2 -1.2

Education and health services ............................. 116.2 116.1 118.2 118.1 115.4 116.6 116.9 117.2 116.9 117.3 .3

Leisure and hospitality ........................................... 107.5 98.2 102.5 102.8 110.7 108.2 107.8 106.7 107.3 106.1 -1.1

Other services ......................................................... 99.8 96.1 97.0 96.7 100.2 99.1 98.3 98.2 97.6 97.2 -.4

1 See footnote 1, table B-2.

2

Includes motor vehicles, motor vehicle bodies and trailers, and

motor vehicle parts.

p = preliminary.

NOTE: The index of aggregate weekly hours are calculated by dividing

the current months estimates of aggregate hours by the

corresponding 2002 annual average levels. Aggregate hours estimates

are the product of estimates of average weekly hours and production

and nonsupervisory worker employment.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-6. Indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls of production and nonsupervisory workers1on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and

selected industry detail

(2002=100)

Industry

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

 Mar. 

2008

 Jan. 

2009

 Feb. 

2009p

 Mar. 

2009p

 Mar. 

2008

 Nov. 

2008

 Dec. 

2008

 Jan. 

2009

 Feb. 

2009p

 Mar. 

2009p

Percent

change from:

Feb. 2009-

Mar. 2009p

Total private ....................................... 127.5 122.6 123.6 123.4 128.6 127.6 126.9 126.2 125.7 124.8 -0.7

Goods-producing .......................................... 113.4 101.0 98.5 98.0 117.6 110.6 109.0 106.4 104.7 102.2 -2.4

Mining and logging ................................................. 174.7 180.4 175.2 167.7 181.0 193.9 188.0 186.2 182.4 174.5 -4.3

Construction ............................................................ 120.5 106.3 103.0 104.3 130.0 120.9 120.8 118.0 116.9 114.0 -2.5

Manufacturing ......................................................... 106.3 94.6 92.5 91.1 107.5 100.9 98.7 96.1 94.2 92.3 -2.0

Durable goods ..................................................... 110.2 95.1 93.0 91.6 111.2 102.9 100.1 96.8 94.5 92.4 -2.2

Nondurable goods ............................................... 99.0 93.2 91.3 90.2 100.8 97.4 95.9 94.7 93.4 92.3 -1.2

Private service-providing ............................. 132.0 129.4 131.8 131.4 132.0 132.8 132.8 132.6 131.9 131.6 -.2

Trade, transportation, and utilities ....................... 119.4 114.2 114.4 114.5 120.5 117.9 117.0 116.9 116.2 115.8 -.3

Wholesale trade ................................................... 130.5 124.6 126.0 124.7 130.5 127.9 126.2 126.9 125.9 124.9 -.8

Retail trade ........................................................... 109.9 105.0 104.7 105.3 112.1 108.5 107.7 107.7 107.6 107.1 -.5

Transportation and warehousing ...................... 125.3 119.0 117.9 118.9 126.6 123.7 123.3 122.1 120.2 120.6 .3

Utilities ................................................................... 118.1 121.9 125.4 120.9 118.9 119.1 121.9 122.1 125.7 121.6 -3.3

Information ............................................................... 123.3 120.8 122.2 122.5 122.5 123.8 122.8 122.9 122.1 122.0 -.1

Financial activities .................................................. 135.5 132.7 136.6 134.9 134.4 135.4 134.9 135.1 134.6 134.0 -.4

Professional and business services .................... 143.2 139.6 142.8 142.5 142.5 145.1 144.9 144.3 143.3 142.4 -.6

Education and health services ............................. 143.2 147.0 149.6 149.2 141.8 146.7 147.5 147.8 147.8 148.1 .2

Leisure and hospitality ........................................... 131.5 123.0 128.8 128.3 135.1 133.9 133.9 132.9 133.8 132.3 -1.1

Other services ......................................................... 117.2 114.4 115.4 115.4 116.4 117.6 116.6 116.6 115.6 115.0 -.5

1 See footnote 1, table B-2.

p = preliminary.

NOTE: The index of aggregate weekly payrolls are calculated by

dividing the current months estimates of aggregate payrolls

by the corresponding 2002 annual average levels. Aggregate

payroll estimates are the product of estimates of average hourly

earnings, average weekly hours, and production and nonsupervisory

worker employment.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-7. Diffusion indexes of employment change

(Percent)

Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May June July Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec.

Private nonfarm payrolls, 271 industries

Manufacturing payrolls, 83 industries

1

1

Over 1-month span:

Over 3-month span:

Over 6-month span:

Over 12-month span:

Over 1-month span:

Over 3-month span:

Over 6-month span:

Over 12-month span:

Time span

2005 ......................................................... 52.6 60.1 54.1 58.1 56.8 58.3 58.5 59.2 54.2 55.9 62.7 57.6

2006 ......................................................... 64.9 62.2 63.8 59.8 49.1 51.8 59.2 55.4 55.7 56.3 59.4 60.7

2007 ......................................................... 53.5 55.5 52.4 49.4 55.9 48.3 50.7 46.5 55.9 57.2 59.4 57.9

2008 ......................................................... 42.1 40.6 44.1 41.1 42.6 36.9 37.6 39.1 34.7 33.0 27.1 20.5

2009 ......................................................... 22.1 p 21.4 p 22.0

2005 ......................................................... 51.7 57.2 59.0 59.8 57.9 62.0 60.5 62.9 60.3 55.5 56.3 62.7

2006 ......................................................... 67.7 68.6 65.1 65.1 60.5 58.9 55.5 57.0 55.0 54.4 59.0 64.2

2007 ......................................................... 62.5 54.8 54.2 54.8 54.1 50.4 52.8 48.7 53.3 53.9 58.3 62.5

2008 ......................................................... 57.7 44.8 40.2 39.7 37.3 33.6 33.6 32.8 34.9 33.2 26.9 20.8

2009 ......................................................... 18.6 p 15.3 p 16.4

2005 ......................................................... 55.4 57.9 58.1 57.0 58.3 60.9 63.1 63.3 61.6 59.6 61.4 62.5

2006 ......................................................... 64.6 63.8 67.5 66.2 65.5 66.6 60.3 61.1 57.9 57.9 62.4 59.0

2007 ......................................................... 60.3 57.2 60.5 58.3 55.5 56.5 52.8 52.4 56.6 54.4 56.8 59.0

2008 ......................................................... 56.6 53.0 50.7 47.4 40.2 33.4 31.0 33.4 30.6 29.0 26.0 24.4

2009 ......................................................... 21.6 p 18.6 p 15.7

2005 ......................................................... 60.9 60.9 60.0 59.2 58.3 60.3 61.3 63.3 60.7 59.2 59.8 61.8

2006 ......................................................... 67.2 65.5 65.9 62.9 65.5 66.8 64.8 64.4 66.6 65.9 64.9 66.2

2007 ......................................................... 63.3 59.4 61.1 59.6 59.2 58.3 56.8 57.2 59.4 58.9 58.1 59.6

2008 ......................................................... 54.4 56.1 52.6 49.1 50.2 47.8 43.7 42.3 38.0 37.8 32.3 28.2

2009 ......................................................... 24.0 p 22.5 p 20.1

2005 ......................................................... 36.7 46.4 42.2 46.4 40.4 33.7 41.0 43.4 45.8 47.6 44.6 47.0

2006 ......................................................... 57.8 49.4 53.6 47.0 37.3 50.6 49.4 42.2 40.4 42.8 41.0 44.0

2007 ......................................................... 44.6 41.0 30.7 24.7 38.0 32.5 43.4 30.7 39.2 42.8 60.8 48.2

2008 ......................................................... 30.7 28.9 37.3 32.5 40.4 25.3 25.9 27.7 22.9 18.7 15.1 10.2

2009 ......................................................... 6.0 p 11.4 p 15.7

2005 ......................................................... 36.7 43.4 41.0 41.6 35.5 36.1 34.9 36.7 42.2 44.0 38.6 48.8

2006 ......................................................... 56.6 57.2 48.2 48.2 44.6 50.0 43.4 45.2 36.7 33.1 35.5 39.2

2007 ......................................................... 40.4 33.1 33.1 28.9 29.5 30.1 31.9 28.9 30.7 30.7 39.2 51.2

2008 ......................................................... 48.8 33.7 28.3 29.5 26.5 22.9 19.9 16.9 22.3 21.1 15.1 11.4

2009 ......................................................... 6.0 p 3.0 p 6.0

2005 ......................................................... 33.7 39.8 38.0 36.1 35.5 34.9 39.8 36.1 36.1 38.0 36.7 39.8

2006 ......................................................... 45.2 45.2 50.6 48.8 50.6 50.0 45.2 47.0 43.4 42.2 39.8 34.3

2007 ......................................................... 37.3 33.1 29.5 28.9 30.7 34.9 28.9 26.5 29.5 28.3 33.7 38.0

2008 ......................................................... 34.3 30.1 37.3 35.5 25.3 20.5 17.5 18.1 16.9 13.3 11.4 9.6

2009 ......................................................... 9.0 p 6.0 p 3.6

2005 ......................................................... 45.2 44.0 42.2 41.0 36.7 35.5 32.5 34.3 33.1 33.7 33.7 38.0

2006 ......................................................... 44.0 41.0 41.0 39.8 39.8 45.2 42.2 42.8 47.0 48.8 45.8 44.6

2007 ......................................................... 39.8 36.7 37.3 30.7 28.9 29.5 30.7 28.9 33.1 28.9 34.3 35.5

2008 ......................................................... 27.7 28.9 25.9 25.3 30.7 27.1 24.7 19.3 21.7 21.7 16.9 15.1

2009 ......................................................... 8.4 p 4.8 p 7.2

1 Based on seasonally adjusted data for 1-, 3-, and 6-month spans and

unadjusted data for the 12-month span.

p = preliminary.

NOTE: Figures are the percent of industries with employment increasing

plus one-half of the industries with unchanged employment, where

50 percent indicates an equal balance between industries with increasing

and decreasing employment.