U.S. IMPORT AND EXPORT PRICE INDEXES – AUGUST 2022 

Prices for U.S. imports declined 1.0 percent in August following a 1.5-percent decrease in July, the U.S. 

Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today. Lower fuel and nonfuel prices in August contributed to the 

decline in U.S. import prices. U.S. export prices fell 1.6 percent in August, after declining 3.7 percent the 

previous month. 

Chart 1. One-month and 12-month percent changes in the Import Price Index: August 2021 – August 2022

Imports 

The price index for U.S. imports declined 1.0 percent in August and 1.5 percent in July, the first time import 

prices have decreased in consecutive months since February, March, and April 2020. Prices for U.S. imports 

advanced 7.8 percent for the year ended in August, the smallest 12-month increase since the index rose 7.1 

percent from March 2020 to March 2021. (See table 1.)

Fuel Imports: Import fuel prices decreased 6.8 percent in August, after a 7.5-percent decline the previous 

month. The declines in August and July were the first consecutive 1-month drops since the index decreased 

in October and September 2020. Despite the recent declines, import fuel prices rose 48.5 percent from 

August 2021 to August 2022. Lower petroleum prices in August, down 7.1 percent, led the decrease in fuel 

prices. The decline followed a 6.9-percent drop in July and was the largest monthly decrease since 

petroleum prices fell 7.7 percent in December 2021. Natural gas prices also declined in August, decreasing 

2.8 percent, after falling 20.4 percent in July. The price indexes for petroleum and natural gas each 

increased over the past year, rising 48.1 percent and 66.5 percent, respectively. 

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Aug'21 Sep Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug'22

1-month percent change 12-month percent change

Transmission of material in this release is embargoed until

8:30 a.m. (ET) Thursday, September 15, 2022 

Technical information: (202) 691-7101 • MXPinfo@bls.gov • www.bls.gov/mxp

Media contact: (202) 691-5902 • PressOffice@bls.gov

USDL-22-1837
2

All Imports Excluding Fuel: Prices for nonfuel imports declined 0.2 percent in August following a 0.5-

percent decrease in July. Nonfuel import prices have not recorded a monthly advance since April 2022.

Lower August prices for foods, feeds, and beverages; nonfuel industrial supplies and materials; and 

automotive vehicles more than offset higher consumer goods prices. Despite declining in each of the past 4 

months, nonfuel import prices rose 3.9 percent over the past 12 months. 

Foods, Feeds, and Beverages: The price index for foods, feeds, and beverages fell 1.6 percent in August, 

after decreasing 2.2 percent from April to July. The August drop was the largest 1-month decrease since 

November 2020. The August decline was driven by lower prices for fruit, meat, and fish and shellfish. 

Nonfuel Industrial Supplies and Materials: The price index for nonfuel industrial supplies and materials 

declined 0.2 percent in August, after decreasing 6.4 percent from April to July. The August drop was led by 

lower prices for unfinished metals and selected building materials which more than offset higher finished 

metal prices. 

Finished Goods: Prices were mixed for the major finished goods categories in August. Consumer goods 

prices ticked up 0.1 percent, the first 1-month advance since a 0.3-percent increase in March 2022. The 

August rise was led by higher furniture prices. In contrast, automotive vehicles prices declined 0.1 percent 

in August, the first monthly drop since the index fell 0.1 percent in November 2020. The August decrease 

was driven by lower parts prices. Prices for capital goods were unchanged in August, after ticking up 0.1 

percent in July. 

Table A. Percent change in Import and Export Price Indexes, selected categories
3

Chart 2. One-month and 12-month percent changes in the Export Price Index: August 2021 – August 2022

Exports 

U.S. export prices declined 1.6 percent in August, after decreasing 3.7 percent in July. The revised July drop 

was the largest decrease since the monthly percent change series was first published in January 1989. Lower 

agricultural and nonagricultural prices each contributed to the August decline. Despite the recent drops, 

prices for U.S. exports advanced 10.8 percent over the past 12 months. (See table 2.)

Agricultural Exports: Prices for agricultural exports decreased 0.4 percent in August, after declining 3.2 

percent the previous month. Lower August prices for corn, fruit, meat, and wheat more than offset higher 

prices for soybeans and vegetables. Export agricultural prices advanced 12.1 percent over the past year, the 

smallest 12-month increase since January 2021. Higher soybeans prices were the largest contributor to the 

advance in agricultural prices over the past year.

All Exports Excluding Agriculture: The price index for nonagricultural exports decreased 1.8 percent in 

August following a 3.8-percent drop in July. The August and July declines were the first monthly drops 

since the index fell 1.9 percent in December 2021. Lower August prices for nonagricultural industrial 

supplies and materials and nonagricultural foods more than offset higher consumer goods prices. Prices for 

nonagricultural exports advanced 10.7 percent for the year ended in August. 

Nonagricultural Industrial Supplies and Materials: Nonagricultural industrial supplies and materials export 

prices fell 3.6 percent in August, after declining 7.9 percent the previous month. Both decreases were driven 

by lower fuel prices, down 5.6 percent in August and 13.4 percent in July. 

Finished Goods: Prices were mixed for the major finished goods categories in August. Consumer goods 

prices advanced 0.3 percent after remaining unchanged in July and June. The August increase was led by a 

2.9-percent rise in nonmanufactured consumer goods. Consumer goods prices advanced 4.0 percent from 

August 2021 to August 2022. The price indexes for capital goods and automotive vehicles were both 

unchanged in August following 0.6-percent advances the previous month. 

More information for the major import and export price indexes can be found at 

www.bls.gov/web/ximpim/largest.htm. 

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Aug'21 Sep Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug'22

1-month percent change 12-month percent change
4

Measures of Import and Export Prices by Locality

Imports by Locality of Origin: Import prices from China fell 0.2 percent in August, after being unchanged 

the previous month. Prices for imports from China have not recorded a monthly advance since the index 

ticked up 0.1 percent in April 2022. The price index for imports from China increased 2.1 percent over the 

past year. Import prices from Japan were unchanged in August following a 0.2-percent decline in July. 

Prices for imports from Japan advanced 1.2 percent for the year ended in August, the smallest 12-month 

increase since March 2021. The price index for imports from Canada fell 2.6 percent in August and import 

prices from Mexico declined 1.5 percent over the same period. Both indexes were driven by lower prices for 

nonmanufactured imports. Import prices from the European Union decreased 0.4 percent in August, the 

largest 1-month drop since the index fell 0.7 percent in April 2020. (See table 7.)

Exports by Locality of Destination: Prices for exports to China fell 1.7 percent in August, after decreasing 

4.4 percent in July. The July drop was the largest monthly decline since the 1-month percent change series 

was first published in January 2018. Export prices to China rose 7.5 percent over the past 12 months, the 

smallest over-the-year increase since February 2021. The price index for exports to Japan fell 2.9 percent for 

the second consecutive month in August. The August and July monthly declines were the largest since the 

index decreased 3.5 percent in April 2020. Despite the recent drops, prices for exports to Japan advanced 

9.5 percent for the year ended in August. Export prices to Canada and Mexico also fell in August, declining 

0.1 percent and 1.4 percent, respectively. The price index for exports to the European Union decreased 1.9 

percent in August following a 2.2-percent drop the previous month. (See table 8.)

Terms of Trade Indexes: Terms of trade indexes are based on country, region, or grouping and measure 

the change in the purchasing power of exports relative to imports. U.S. terms of trade with China declined 

1.5 percent in August following a 4.4-percent decrease in July. Lower export prices to China in August 

more than offset lower import prices from China. Despite the recent drops, U.S. terms of trade with China 

increased 5.5 percent over the past 12 months. The index for U.S. terms of trade with Japan fell 2.8 percent 

in August, after declining 2.7 percent the previous month. The August decrease was the largest monthly 

decline since a 3.4-percent drop in April 2020. U.S. terms of trade with Japan rose 8.1 percent over the past 

year, the smallest 12-month increase since February 2021. U.S. terms of trade with the European Union also 

fell in August, declining 1.4 percent. In contrast, the indexes for U.S. terms of trade with Canada and 

Mexico increased in August, rising 2.6 percent and 0.2 percent, respectively. (See table 9.)

Import and Export Services

Imports: Import air passenger fares decreased 9.9 percent in August, after declining 0.2 percent the 

previous month. The August drop was the largest 1-month decrease since a 19.4-percent drop in January 

2022. Lower European, Asian, and Latin American/Caribbean fares all contributed to the August decline in 

import air passenger fares. Import air passenger fares rose 7.0 percent over the past year. Import air freight 

prices increased 4.0 percent in August following a 12.9-percent drop in July. The August advance was led 

by a 5.5-percent rise in air freight prices from Asia. The price index for import air freight declined 0.3 

percent for the year ended in August. (See table 10.)

Exports: Export air passenger fares fell 2.4 percent in August, after rising 8.3 percent in July. The August 

decline was the first monthly drop in export air passenger fares since an 11.2-percent decrease in February 

2022. Lower European and Latin American/Caribbean fares more than offset higher Asian fares. Despite the 

August decline, export air passenger fares rose 7.7 percent over the past year. Export air freight prices

advanced 2.2 percent in August and 25.3 percent over the past year. 

 

U.S. Import and Export Price Index data for September 2022 are scheduled for release on Friday, 

October 14, 2022 at 8:30 a.m. (ET). 
Table 1. U.S. import price indexes and percent changes for selected categories of goods: August 2021 to

August 2022

[2000=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description End Use

Relative

importance

Jul.

20221

Index Percent change

Jul.

2022

Aug.

2022

Annual Monthly

Aug.

2021 to

Aug.

2022

Apr.

2022 to

May

2022

May

2022 to

Jun.

2022

Jun.

2022 to

Jul.

2022

Jul.

2022 to

Aug.

2022

All commodities................................... 100.000 146.3 144.8 7.8 0.5 0.2 -1.5 -1.0

All imports excluding food and fuels (Dec.

2010=100)........................................ 80.477 109.3 109.2 3.8 -0.2 -0.6 -0.5 -0.1

All imports excluding petroleum.............. 88.124 125.2 124.9 4.3 -0.1 -0.5 -0.7 -0.2

All imports excluding fuels (Dec.

2001=100)........................................ 87.247 128.6 128.3 3.9 -0.3 -0.6 -0.5 -0.2

Foods, feeds, & beverages................... 0 6.770 208.0 204.6 4.6 -0.6 -0.7 -1.0 -1.6

Agricultural foods, feeds & beverages,

excluding distilled beverages............. 00 5.414 227.1 223.3 5.8 -0.9 -0.1 -0.7 -1.7

Nonagricultural foods (fish, distilled

beverages).................................. 01 1.355 164.1 161.9 -0.1 0.6 -2.9 -2.4 -1.3

Industrial supplies & materials.............. 1 31.119 291.2 282.7 21.7 1.3 0.9 -4.6 -2.9

Industrial supplies & materials excluding

petroleum.................................... 19.199 221.6 220.9 10.6 -0.7 -1.7 -3.4 -0.3

Industrial supplies & materials excluding

fuels (Dec. 2001=100)..................... 18.091 243.0 242.5 8.6 -1.6 -2.3 -2.6 -0.2

Industrial supplies & materials, durable. . .. 12.097 231.6 230.9 3.9 -2.4 -3.5 -4.1 -0.3

Industrial supplies & materials nondurable

excluding petroleum....................... 7.147 210.6 209.8 22.4 2.4 1.6 -2.2 -0.4

Fuels & lubricants............................. 10 12.753 399.3 372.2 48.5 6.1 5.7 -7.5 -6.8

Petroleum & petroleum products......... 100 11.876 425.6 395.3 48.1 5.3 5.5 -6.9 -7.1

Crude petroleum........................... 10000 7.910 424.3 393.2 43.6 2.9 5.9 -10.3 -7.3

Fuels, n.e.s.-coals & gas.................. 101 0.763 309.7 301.1 59.6 19.1 10.4 -17.6 -2.8

Natural gas.................................. 10110 0.633 304.1 295.6 66.5 22.9 11.1 -20.4 -2.8

Paper & paper base stocks.................. 11 0.551 148.1 150.0 17.7 1.2 3.8 8.2 1.3

Materials associated with nondurable

supplies & materials....................... 12 5.718 221.9 221.4 18.2 0.1 -0.2 -0.1 -0.2

Selected building materials.................. 13 1.937 213.1 209.3 11.4 1.1 -6.7 -2.4 -1.8

Unfinished metals related to durable

goods........................................ 14 5.237 354.5 351.4 -1.7 -3.9 -4.3 -7.2 -0.9

Finished metals related to durable

goods........................................ 15 3.189 210.0 213.3 7.2 -3.5 -2.0 -2.4 1.6

Nonmetals related to durable goods. . . . . .. 16 1.734 129.5 129.1 7.9 0.7 0.7 0.4 -0.3

Capital goods................................... 2 25.248 93.0 93.0 3.3 0.3 0.0 0.1 0.0

Electric generating equipment............... 20 3.177 129.4 129.6 6.0 0.3 0.2 0.4 0.2

Nonelectrical machinery...................... 21 20.490 84.3 84.2 2.9 0.1 0.0 0.1 -0.1

Transportation equipment excluding motor

vehicles (Dec. 2001=100)................. 22 1.582 144.0 144.3 4.0 1.3 0.3 0.3 0.2

Automotive vehicles, parts & engines..... 3 12.273 116.8 116.7 3.3 0.5 0.2 0.6 -0.1

Consumer goods, excluding

automotives.................................. 4 24.589 110.0 110.1 1.8 -0.1 -0.4 0.0 0.1

Nondurables, manufactured................. 40 12.441 124.6 124.7 0.2 -0.2 -0.2 -0.2 0.1

Durables, manufactured...................... 41 11.430 95.5 95.6 2.8 -0.1 -0.4 0.2 0.1

Nonmanufactured consumer goods. . . . . . .. 42 0.718 131.9 131.0 8.5 0.0 -2.1 -0.3 -0.7

1 Relative importance figures are based on 2020 trade values.

NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication.

Dash = Not available

5
Table 2. U.S. export price indexes and percent changes for selected categories of goods: August 2021 to

August 2022

[2000=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description End Use

Relative

importance

Jul.

20221

Index Percent change

Jul.

2022

Aug.

2022

Annual Monthly

Aug.

2021 to

Aug.

2022

Apr.

2022 to

May

2022

May

2022 to

Jun.

2022

Jun.

2022 to

Jul.

2022

Jul.

2022 to

Aug.

2022

All commodities................................... 100.000 160.4 157.8 10.8 2.7 1.0 -3.7 -1.6

Agricultural commodities....................... 12.152 256.7 255.7 12.1 2.4 -0.1 -3.2 -0.4

All exports excluding food and fuels (Dec.

2010=100)........................................ 66.785 115.7 115.2 4.3 -0.2 -0.3 -0.2 -0.4

All exports excluding fuels (June

2022=100)........................................ 77.828 99.8 99.5 – – – -0.2 -0.3

Nonagricultural commodities.................. 87.848 153.2 150.4 10.7 2.7 1.2 -3.8 -1.8

Foods, feeds, & beverages................... 0 11.043 258.3 257.2 10.4 2.1 -0.5 -3.1 -0.4

Agricultural foods, feeds & beverages,

excluding distilled beverages............. 00 10.620 260.2 259.1 10.9 2.1 -0.1 -3.2 -0.4

Nonagricultural foods (fish, distilled

beverages).................................. 01 0.423 222.1 221.1 -2.1 0.9 -9.1 -1.6 -0.5

Industrial supplies & materials.............. 1 44.650 241.6 233.1 18.6 5.3 2.4 -7.8 -3.5

Industrial supplies & materials, durable. . .. 9.887 214.1 213.7 1.0 -2.4 -2.5 -4.4 -0.2

Industrial supplies & materials,

nondurable.................................. 34.763 247.0 235.9 25.0 7.7 3.8 -8.6 -4.5

Agricultural industrial supplies &

materials..................................... 10 1.503 243.9 243.2 20.4 3.5 0.2 -3.0 -0.3

Nonagricultural industrial supplies &

materials..................................... 43.147 241.7 232.9 18.5 5.3 2.5 -7.9 -3.6

Fuels & lubricants............................. 11 22.172 330.5 312.0 39.3 11.7 5.6 -13.4 -5.6

Nonagricultural supplies & materials

excluding fuels & building materials. . . .. 12 20.068 209.6 206.5 2.8 -1.1 -1.1 -1.3 -1.5

Selected building materials.................. 13 0.906 171.3 165.3 7.8 -0.2 -0.5 0.3 -3.5

Capital goods................................... 2 27.285 119.1 119.1 4.4 0.3 0.0 0.6 0.0

Electrical generating equipment............. 20 3.052 133.2 133.5 8.4 -0.1 0.2 1.2 0.2

Nonelectrical machinery...................... 21 19.802 100.8 100.7 4.1 0.2 -0.1 0.5 -0.1

Transportation equipment excluding motor

vehicles (Dec. 2001=100)................. 22 4.431 197.2 197.5 3.2 0.2 0.1 0.8 0.2

Automotive vehicles, parts & engines..... 3 7.197 121.2 121.2 4.6 0.3 0.1 0.6 0.0

Consumer goods, excluding

automotives.................................. 4 9.825 116.5 116.8 4.0 -0.3 0.0 0.0 0.3

Nondurables, manufactured................. 40 5.140 109.4 109.2 -0.2 -0.4 -0.3 -0.5 -0.2

Durables, manufactured...................... 41 3.778 114.9 115.1 5.0 -0.1 0.4 1.0 0.2

Nonmanufactured consumer goods (Dec.

2018=100)................................... 42 0.907 126.1 129.7 26.8 0.2 0.0 -0.2 2.9

1 Relative importance figures are based on 2020 trade values.

NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication.

Dash = Not available

6
Table 3. U.S. import price indexes and percent changes for selected industries: August 2021 to August 2022

[December 2005=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description NAICS

Relative

importance

Jul.

20221

Index Percent change

Jul.

2022

Aug.

2022

Annual Monthly

Aug.

2021 to

Aug.

2022

Apr.

2022 to

May

2022

May

2022 to

Jun.

2022

Jun.

2022 to

Jul.

2022

Jul.

2022 to

Aug.

2022

Nonmanufacturing................................ 11.088 189.1 177.4 34.9 3.0 4.4 -8.8 -6.2

Agriculture, forestry, fishing and

hunting........................................ 11 2.191 214.4 207.0 6.1 -0.5 -2.9 0.3 -3.5

Crop production............................... 111 1.804 227.2 217.4 5.9 0.0 -1.8 0.6 -4.3

Mining............................................ 21 8.897 197.6 184.1 44.7 3.8 6.2 -10.8 -6.8

Oil and gas extraction........................ 211 8.628 198.0 184.2 45.8 3.9 6.2 -11.1 -7.0

Manufacturing..................................... 88.609 125.1 124.7 5.6 0.2 -0.3 -0.4 -0.3

Manufacturing, part 1......................... 31 10.872 137.7 137.2 3.8 -0.1 0.1 -0.4 -0.4

Food manufacturing.......................... 311 4.060 186.2 184.7 6.5 -0.7 0.5 -1.3 -0.8

Beverage and tobacco product

manufacturing............................... 312 1.057 134.6 134.5 1.5 -0.1 0.0 0.1 -0.1

Textile mills (Dec. 2011=100)............... 313 0.396 126.6 126.7 17.4 0.8 -0.3 0.1 0.1

Textile product mills.......................... 314 1.415 110.0 108.9 -2.0 -0.2 -0.9 -0.3 -1.0

Apparel manufacturing....................... 315 2.814 117.4 117.8 3.7 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.3

Leather and allied product

manufacturing............................... 316 1.130 127.7 127.7 1.0 0.0 -0.2 0.3 0.0

Manufacturing, part 2......................... 32 21.362 159.1 157.2 13.6 1.9 -0.1 0.0 -1.2

Wood product manufacturing (Dec.

2019=100)................................... 321 1.194 176.8 170.9 9.9 1.9 -12.7 -3.7 -3.3

Paper manufacturing......................... 322 0.996 127.4 128.5 8.3 0.5 2.2 3.8 0.9

Petroleum and coal products

manufacturing............................... 324 3.626 198.3 184.9 60.9 12.7 4.4 1.6 -6.8

Chemical manufacturing..................... 325 12.027 160.8 161.1 7.6 -0.1 -0.2 -0.5 0.2

Plastics and rubber products

manufacturing............................... 326 2.445 133.6 133.5 5.4 0.2 0.3 0.5 -0.1

Nonmetallic mineral product

manufacturing............................... 327 0.909 142.2 142.2 5.8 0.2 0.2 0.4 0.0

Manufacturing, part 3......................... 33 56.375 112.7 112.7 3.2 -0.3 -0.5 -0.5 0.0

Primary metal manufacturing................ 331 6.762 232.8 233.5 0.8 -4.0 -3.1 -6.4 0.3

Fabricated metal product manufacturing... 332 3.143 152.6 151.9 7.3 0.6 -1.4 0.9 -0.5

Machinery manufacturing.................... 333 6.644 127.8 128.0 4.1 0.2 -0.1 0.7 0.2

Computer and electronic product

manufacturing............................... 334 15.397 74.0 73.9 1.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 -0.1

Electrical equipment, appliance, and

component manufacturing................. 335 5.205 127.2 127.1 6.0 0.1 -0.1 0.2 -0.1

Transportation equipment manufacturing... 336 12.702 115.4 115.4 2.9 0.4 0.2 0.5 0.0

Furniture and related product

manufacturing............................... 337 1.783 128.5 129.6 9.5 0.2 -0.6 1.9 0.9

Miscellaneous manufacturing............... 339 4.739 126.8 126.2 4.6 0.0 -0.2 -0.1 -0.5

1 Relative importance figures are based on 2020 trade values.

NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication.

Dash = Not available

7
Table 4. U.S. export price indexes and percent changes for selected industries: August 2021 to August 2022

[December 2005=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description NAICS

Relative

importance

Jul.

20221

Index Percent change

Jul.

2022

Aug.

2022

Annual Monthly

Aug.

2021 to

Aug.

2022

Apr.

2022 to

May

2022

May

2022 to

Jun.

2022

Jun.

2022 to

Jul.

2022

Jul.

2022 to

Aug.

2022

Nonmanufacturing................................ 19.767 227.2 225.6 27.3 6.4 3.8 -12.1 -0.7

Agriculture, forestry, fishing and

hunting........................................ 11 6.687 232.0 229.6 13.3 3.0 -0.8 -5.7 -1.0

Crop production............................... 111 6.362 247.1 244.8 14.8 3.2 -0.4 -6.0 -0.9

Mining............................................ 21 13.080 148.4 147.6 35.9 8.2 6.1 -15.0 -0.5

Oil and gas extraction (Dec. 2021=100). .. 211 11.674 133.6 134.8 – 9.5 7.4 -15.7 0.9

Mining (except oil and gas).................. 212 1.406 166.2 144.7 23.0 -1.5 -4.3 -8.1 -12.9

Manufacturing..................................... 78.640 140.1 137.5 8.3 2.0 0.4 -1.3 -1.9

Manufacturing, part 1......................... 31 6.883 178.5 178.8 9.4 1.6 -0.2 0.1 0.2

Food manufacturing.......................... 311 5.229 211.0 211.8 10.8 1.9 -0.5 0.2 0.4

Beverage and tobacco product

manufacturing............................... 312 0.530 146.4 144.9 6.9 0.6 2.1 -0.6 -1.0

Manufacturing, part 2......................... 32 27.972 158.8 150.3 14.5 5.5 1.5 -3.8 -5.4

Wood product manufacturing (Dec.

2017=100)................................... 321 0.496 141.2 134.4 0.1 0.2 -0.3 -1.3 -4.8

Paper manufacturing......................... 322 1.578 154.2 154.9 14.3 1.1 3.1 2.5 0.5

Petroleum and coal products

manufacturing............................... 324 9.118 209.2 183.2 46.8 17.1 4.2 -12.5 -12.4

Chemical manufacturing..................... 325 13.996 146.7 143.0 3.1 0.1 -0.3 1.4 -2.5

Plastics and rubber products

manufacturing............................... 326 1.951 130.8 131.3 7.9 -0.2 0.8 0.2 0.4

Nonmetallic mineral product

manufacturing............................... 327 0.687 135.8 135.4 9.3 0.4 0.1 0.4 -0.3

Manufacturing, part 3......................... 33 43.785 126.9 127.1 4.8 -0.2 -0.2 0.2 0.2

Primary metal manufacturing................ 331 4.030 213.9 214.5 0.8 -3.0 -3.2 -4.2 0.3

Fabricated metal product manufacturing... 332 2.415 171.1 171.0 8.2 1.6 0.1 0.6 -0.1

Machinery manufacturing.................... 333 7.817 143.3 143.7 6.8 0.3 0.1 1.1 0.3

Computer and electronic product

manufacturing............................... 334 11.454 85.1 84.8 2.3 0.0 0.0 0.2 -0.4

Electrical equipment, appliance, and

component manufacturing................. 335 3.086 131.2 131.4 9.6 0.1 0.3 1.1 0.2

Transportation equipment manufacturing... 336 10.688 138.1 138.2 3.9 0.3 0.1 0.6 0.1

Miscellaneous manufacturing............... 339 3.991 133.2 134.2 8.5 0.1 0.1 0.6 0.8

1 Relative importance figures are based on 2020 trade values.

NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication.

Dash = Not available

8
Table 5. U.S. import price indexes and percent changes for selected categories of goods: August 2021 to

August 2022

[2000=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description

Harmonized

system

Relative

importance

Jul.

20221

Index Percent change

Jul.

2022

Aug.

2022

Annual Monthly

Aug.

2021 to

Aug.

2022

Apr.

2022 to

May

2022

May

2022 to

Jun.

2022

Jun.

2022 to

Jul.

2022

Jul.

2022 to

Aug.

2022

Live animals; animal products................. I 1.476 233.4 229.2 0.8 -0.9 -3.4 -1.7 -1.8

Meat and edible meat offal..................... 02 0.442 338.1 324.6 -5.1 -0.8 -0.9 -0.8 -4.0

Fish and crustaceans, molluscs and other

aquatic invertebrates......................... 03 0.747 160.3 156.8 0.8 1.0 -5.2 -2.9 -2.2

Vegetable products............................... II 2.202 250.5 243.0 8.3 0.0 -1.1 -0.2 -3.0

Edible vegetables, roots, and tubers.......... 07 0.461 438.9 448.2 12.4 0.7 -5.5 4.8 2.1

Edible fruit and nuts; peel of citrus fruit or

melons.......................................... 08 0.875 126.9 115.9 -3.0 0.0 -1.3 -0.8 -8.7

Coffee, tea, mate and spices.................. 09 0.463 314.9 320.5 23.6 -2.1 1.1 -2.1 1.8

Animal or vegetable fats and oils (Dec.

2009=100)........................................ III 0.419 150.7 151.2 5.1 -4.9 1.6 -6.0 0.3

Prepared foodstuffs, beverages, and

tobacco........................................... IV 3.135 187.8 187.9 6.3 -0.1 0.8 0.3 0.1

Sugars and sugar confectionary (Dec.

2021=100)..................................... 17 0.211 107.5 107.9 – -1.1 1.0 2.3 0.4

Cocoa and cocoa preparations (Dec.

2009=100)..................................... 18 0.194 102.4 102.2 5.0 0.0 -0.6 0.7 -0.2

Beverages, spirits, and vinegar................ 22 1.033 147.7 147.6 1.7 0.0 -0.1 -0.1 -0.1

Mineral products.................................. V 12.636 405.2 379.0 48.9 6.0 5.5 -7.7 -6.5

Mineral fuels, oils and residuals, bituminous

substances and mineral waxes............. 27 12.271 400.3 373.5 50.2 6.2 5.7 -7.9 -6.7

Products of the chemical or allied

industries........................................ VI 11.202 179.8 178.9 6.9 -0.3 0.0 0.2 -0.5

Inorganic chemicals............................. 28 0.750 546.6 530.6 29.0 1.7 0.7 -1.9 -2.9

Organic chemicals............................... 29 2.693 156.5 151.3 7.6 0.1 1.1 1.9 -3.3

Pharmaceutical products....................... 30 5.095 148.2 148.1 -2.1 -0.5 -0.1 -0.3 -0.1

Miscellaneous chemical products............. 38 0.803 118.5 118.0 4.1 0.3 -0.2 0.6 -0.4

Plastics and articles thereof; rubber and

articles thereof.................................. VII 3.746 163.1 161.6 3.4 0.2 0.3 0.4 -0.9

Plastics and articles thereof.................... 39 2.606 166.6 165.5 3.0 -0.1 0.2 0.4 -0.7

Rubber and articles thereof.................... 40 1.140 159.3 156.8 4.3 1.2 0.5 0.4 -1.6

Articles of leather; travel goods, bags, etc.

of various materials........................... 42 0.425 142.5 142.6 5.4 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.1

Wood, wood charcoal, cork, straw,

basketware and wickerwork................. IX 1.260 266.3 257.1 12.2 1.7 -11.5 -3.9 -3.5

Wood and articles of wood; wood charcoal

(Dec. 2019=100).............................. 44 1.238 186.7 180.1 12.5 1.8 -11.7 -4.1 -3.5

Woodpulp, recovered paper, and paper

products......................................... X 0.982 135.1 135.8 9.2 0.6 2.3 3.8 0.5

Paper and paperboard; articles of paper

pulp, paper or paperboard................... 48 0.647 123.2 123.0 10.5 0.8 1.3 2.2 -0.2

Textile and textile articles....................... XI 4.474 120.1 119.9 2.8 0.2 -0.1 0.0 -0.2

Articles of apparel and clothing accessories,

not knitted or crocheted...................... 62 1.246 126.4 126.3 3.0 0.5 0.3 0.2 -0.1

Made-up or worn textile articles............... 63 1.161 103.6 102.5 -2.4 -0.8 -0.9 -0.3 -1.1

Headgear, umbrellas, artificial flowers,

etc................................................. XII 0.984 126.4 126.5 0.5 0.0 -0.2 0.2 0.1

Footwear and parts of such articles........... 64 0.806 123.5 123.5 -0.4 0.1 -0.2 0.2 0.0

Stone, plaster, cement, asbestos,

ceramics, glass etc............................ XIII 0.778 134.8 134.4 2.1 -0.1 0.2 0.1 -0.3

See footnotes at end of table.

9
Table 5. U.S. import price indexes and percent changes for selected categories of goods: August 2021 to

August 2022 — Continued

[2000=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description

Harmonized

system

Relative

importance

Jul.

20221

Index Percent change

Jul.

2022

Aug.

2022

Annual Monthly

Aug.

2021 to

Aug.

2022

Apr.

2022 to

May

2022

May

2022 to

Jun.

2022

Jun.

2022 to

Jul.

2022

Jul.

2022 to

Aug.

2022

Articles of stone, plaster, cement, asbestos,

or mica (Dec. 2020=100).................... 68 0.289 102.0 101.9 3.6 -0.2 1.0 0.0 -0.1

Glass and glassware (Dec. 2021=100)....... 70 0.267 101.4 101.3 – 0.3 0.0 -0.4 -0.1

Pearls, stones, precious metals, imitation

jewelry, and coins.............................. XIV 4.321 225.4 230.4 -3.6 -4.9 -2.0 -4.2 2.2

Base metals and articles of base metals. . .. XV 5.964 244.5 240.0 8.8 -1.0 -2.9 -3.9 -1.8

Iron and steel.................................... 72 1.187 341.9 328.6 12.0 -1.4 -3.2 -2.8 -3.9

Articles of iron or steel.......................... 73 1.825 207.3 207.1 15.0 0.5 -2.6 0.1 -0.1

Copper and articles thereof.................... 74 0.418 345.7 347.5 -15.5 -7.7 2.4 -17.2 0.5

Aluminum and articles thereof................. 76 1.085 200.9 195.0 6.8 0.4 -5.7 -4.6 -2.9

Tools, implements, cutlery, spoons and

forks, of base metal; parts thereof.......... 82 0.402 130.0 129.8 3.3 1.1 -0.4 -0.2 -0.2

Miscellaneous articles of base metal. . . . . . . .. 83 0.518 153.1 153.1 7.1 0.6 0.1 0.7 0.0

Machinery, electrical equipment, TV image

and sound recorders, parts, etc............. XVI 27.422 82.8 82.8 2.6 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.0

Machinery and mechanical appliances;

parts thereof................................... 84 14.102 89.4 89.3 2.6 0.1 -0.2 0.3 -0.1

Electrical machinery and equip, sound and

TV recorders & reproducers, parts......... 85 13.320 76.7 76.6 2.4 0.3 0.1 0.0 -0.1

Vehicles, aircraft, vessels and associated

transport equipment........................... XVII 10.705 120.0 120.0 2.9 0.4 0.3 0.5 0.0

Motor vehicles and their parts................. 87 9.943 119.3 119.3 2.9 0.5 0.3 0.5 0.0

Aircraft, spacecraft, and parts thereof (Dec.

2020=100)..................................... 88 0.674 103.4 103.6 3.0 -0.3 0.4 0.2 0.2

Optical, photo, measuring, medical &

musical instruments; & timepieces. . . . . . .. XVIII 3.660 105.3 105.3 3.0 -0.3 -0.3 0.0 0.0

Optical, photographic, measuring and

medical instruments.......................... 90 3.457 101.3 101.2 3.0 -0.2 -0.2 -0.1 -0.1

Miscellaneous manufactured articles......... XX 4.118 119.4 120.0 6.1 0.2 -0.1 1.1 0.5

Furniture & stuffed furnishings; lamps &

lighting fittings, nesoi; prefab bldgs......... 94 2.495 127.4 128.3 7.1 0.0 -0.6 1.4 0.7

Toys, games and sports equipment; parts

and accessories thereof...................... 95 1.372 106.5 106.4 4.4 0.8 0.8 0.8 -0.1

Miscellaneous manufactured articles. . . . . . . .. 96 0.251 135.2 135.5 4.6 -1.0 0.2 0.0 0.2

1 Relative importance figures are based on 2020 trade values.

NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication.

Dash = Not available

10
Table 6. U.S. export price indexes and percent changes for selected categories of goods: August 2021 to

August 2022

[2000=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description

Harmonized

system

Relative

importance

Jul.

20221

Index Percent change

Jul.

2022

Aug.

2022

Annual Monthly

Aug.

2021 to

Aug.

2022

Apr.

2022 to

May

2022

May

2022 to

Jun.

2022

Jun.

2022 to

Jul.

2022

Jul.

2022 to

Aug.

2022

Live animals; animal products................. I 2.269 288.7 283.9 5.2 2.1 -1.6 -0.5 -1.7

Meat & edible meat offal (Dec. 2006=100)... 02 1.455 231.6 227.1 0.8 0.9 -0.8 -1.1 -1.9

Vegetable products............................... II 6.266 303.4 301.9 14.7 2.9 0.2 -5.1 -0.5

Edible fruit and nuts; peel of citrus fruit or

melons.......................................... 08 0.891 141.8 137.6 -5.8 1.4 0.8 -3.3 -3.0

Cereals............................................ 10 1.935 346.5 333.5 13.1 4.3 -3.3 -7.3 -3.8

Oilseeds and misc. grains, seeds, fruits,

plants, straw and fodder..................... 12 2.826 326.2 332.7 19.5 2.3 2.5 -6.0 2.0

Prepared foodstuffs, beverages, and

tobacco........................................... IV 2.860 182.2 182.6 6.8 0.2 -1.3 0.6 0.2

Miscellaneous edible preparations (Dec.

2017=100)..................................... 21 0.549 105.6 108.1 3.6 1.2 -0.6 -1.3 2.4

Beverages, spirits, and vinegar (Dec.

2008=100)..................................... 22 0.442 108.4 108.3 -1.8 -0.5 -0.2 -0.4 -0.1

Residues and waste from the food

industries; prepared animal feed............ 23 0.892 326.9 321.4 11.5 0.2 -3.7 0.6 -1.7

Mineral products.................................. V 22.162 396.7 375.5 39.9 11.5 5.3 -14.0 -5.3

Ores, slag and ash (Dec. 2012=100)......... 26 0.481 123.8 125.1 -2.6 -2.5 -6.2 -15.9 1.1

Mineral fuels, oils and residuals, bituminous

substances and mineral waxes............. 27 21.511 385.4 364.0 41.4 12.0 5.7 -14.0 -5.6

Products of the chemical or allied

industries........................................ VI 11.546 171.1 166.6 7.8 0.4 0.4 2.6 -2.6

Organic chemicals............................... 29 2.921 215.0 192.8 7.5 2.0 2.0 2.5 -10.3

Pharmaceutical products....................... 30 2.954 105.9 105.8 -2.3 -0.6 -0.6 -0.9 -0.1

Essential oils and resinoids; perfumery

cosmetic or toilet preparations.............. 33 0.761 141.1 140.8 3.0 0.2 -0.3 0.9 -0.2

Soap; lubricants; waxes, polishing or

scouring products; candles, pastes......... 34 0.418 135.2 135.2 6.5 0.0 0.0 2.2 0.0

Miscellaneous chemical products............. 38 2.094 187.8 187.5 -0.6 -0.2 -1.1 0.6 -0.2

Plastics and articles thereof; rubber and

articles thereof.................................. VII 4.918 173.0 170.8 -2.2 -0.1 -0.2 -2.3 -1.3

Plastics and articles thereof.................... 39 4.223 172.8 170.5 -3.5 -0.1 -0.2 -2.8 -1.3

Rubber and articles thereof.................... 40 0.696 168.3 166.9 5.6 0.4 0.3 0.7 -0.8

Wood, wood charcoal, cork, straw, baskets

and wickerwork (Dec. 2014=100)............ IX 0.604 138.3 130.1 0.5 0.4 -1.1 -1.1 -5.9

Woodpulp, recovered paper, and paper

products......................................... X 1.808 157.0 157.8 8.2 0.7 2.9 0.3 0.5

Woodpulp and recovered paper (Dec.

2019=100)..................................... 47 0.683 183.6 186.4 4.2 1.3 6.7 -2.4 1.5

Paper and paperboard; articles of paper

pulp, paper or paperboard................... 48 0.926 148.1 147.9 12.9 0.2 0.8 2.3 -0.1

Textile and textile articles....................... XI 1.654 154.1 154.1 16.7 3.6 -0.8 -2.8 0.0

Cotton, including yarns and woven fabrics

thereof.......................................... 52 0.742 199.2 199.4 37.4 7.0 -1.5 -5.9 0.1

Stone, plaster, cement, asbestos,

ceramics, glass etc............................ XIII 0.655 147.4 147.3 10.7 0.3 0.1 0.1 -0.1

Glass and glassware (Dec. 2019=100)....... 70 0.389 110.9 110.9 11.2 0.5 0.5 0.2 0.0

Pearls, stones, precious metals, imitation

jewelry, and coins.............................. XIV 3.681 315.2 321.3 -0.7 -2.9 -3.0 -4.4 1.9

Base metals and articles of base metals. . .. XV 4.278 209.0 207.6 3.4 -2.7 -2.6 -4.9 -0.7

Iron and steel (Dec. 2020=100)............... 72 1.136 155.8 157.1 2.3 -5.6 -6.6 -10.5 0.8

See footnotes at end of table.

11
Table 6. U.S. export price indexes and percent changes for selected categories of goods: August 2021 to

August 2022 — Continued

[2000=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description

Harmonized

system

Relative

importance

Jul.

20221

Index Percent change

Jul.

2022

Aug.

2022

Annual Monthly

Aug.

2021 to

Aug.

2022

Apr.

2022 to

May

2022

May

2022 to

Jun.

2022

Jun.

2022 to

Jul.

2022

Jul.

2022 to

Aug.

2022

Copper and articles thereof.................... 74 0.480 241.9 242.3 -11.8 -4.8 3.0 -16.8 0.2

Aluminum and articles thereof................. 76 0.775 152.0 144.8 2.9 -4.8 -6.4 -1.6 -4.7

Machinery, electrical equipment, TV image

and sound recorders, parts, etc............. XVI 22.675 104.7 104.7 4.9 0.3 0.1 0.6 0.0

Machinery and mechanical appliances;

parts thereof................................... 84 13.150 125.8 125.5 5.4 0.3 0.1 0.8 -0.2

Electrical machinery and equipment and

parts and accessories thereof............... 85 9.526 82.2 82.5 4.2 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.4

Vehicles, aircraft, vessels and associated

transport equipment........................... XVII 7.906 147.1 147.3 4.2 0.2 0.1 0.3 0.1

Motor vehicles and their parts................. 87 5.940 123.7 123.7 4.0 0.2 0.1 0.3 0.0

Optical, photo, measuring, medical &

musical instruments; & timepieces. . . . . . .. XVIII 4.958 114.7 114.5 2.7 0.1 0.0 0.6 -0.2

Miscellaneous manufactured articles......... XX 1.065 131.8 131.9 10.1 0.5 0.3 2.1 0.1

Furniture; stuffed furnishings; lamps and

lighting fittings nesoi.......................... 94 0.560 150.7 150.7 8.5 -0.1 0.0 0.3 0.0

Toys, games and sports equipment; parts

and accessories thereof...................... 95 0.361 106.7 106.8 13.6 0.3 1.1 6.0 0.1

1 Relative importance figures are based on 2020 trade values.

NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication.

Dash = Not available

12
Table 7. U.S. import price indexes and percent changes by locality of origin: August 2021 to August 2022

[2000=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description

Relative

importance

Jul.

20221

Index Percent change

Jul.

2022

Aug.

2022

Annual Monthly

Aug.

2021 to

Aug.

2022

Apr.

2022 to

May

2022

May

2022 to

Jun.

2022

Jun.

2022 to

Jul.

2022

Jul.

2022 to

Aug.

2022

Industrialized Countries2

.................... 100.000 154.2 152.5 10.1 0.6 0.4 -2.2 -1.1

Nonmanufacturing........................... 15.176 349.2 327.9 43.3 3.8 5.0 -8.9 -6.1

Manufacturing................................ 84.125 139.1 139.0 6.4 0.2 -0.3 -0.7 -0.1

Canada.......................................... 100.000 208.5 203.0 22.1 2.6 1.0 -4.7 -2.6

Nonmanufacturing........................... 37.915 349.4 327.7 44.9 3.9 5.3 -9.3 -6.2

Manufacturing................................ 61.212 173.4 172.6 12.7 2.0 -1.5 -1.3 -0.5

European Union............................... 100.000 155.1 154.5 5.4 0.4 1.2 0.0 -0.4

Manufacturing................................ 98.756 150.4 150.0 5.4 0.4 1.2 0.1 -0.3

France (Dec. 2003=100)...................... 100.000 142.7 142.1 4.3 -0.2 1.8 -1.8 -0.4

Germany (Dec. 2003=100)................... 100.000 125.0 124.8 5.4 -0.2 0.7 1.2 -0.2

United Kingdom (Dec. 2003=100).......... 100.000 137.8 136.1 4.5 0.9 0.6 -0.9 -1.2

Latin America3

................................. 100.000 173.9 171.6 8.7 1.1 0.1 -1.4 -1.3

Nonmanufacturing........................... 18.100 377.1 355.7 24.5 2.8 3.0 -6.6 -5.7

Manufacturing................................ 81.637 136.8 136.3 6.0 0.7 -0.6 -0.1 -0.4

Mexico (Dec. 2003=100)...................... 100.000 144.4 142.2 6.3 0.8 0.4 -0.5 -1.5

Nonmanufacturing (Dec. 2008=100). . . . .. 11.797 195.9 170.0 13.9 1.6 1.5 -6.0 -13.2

Manufacturing (Dec. 2008=100)........... 87.943 96.8 96.8 5.4 0.6 0.3 0.3 0.0

Pacific Rim (Dec. 2003=100)4............... 100.000 105.0 104.7 3.3 0.1 0.0 -0.4 -0.3

China (Dec. 2003=100)....................... 100.000 104.3 104.1 2.1 -0.2 -0.3 0.0 -0.2

Japan............................................ 100.000 100.1 100.1 1.2 0.1 0.0 -0.2 0.0

Taiwan (Dec. 2018=100)...................... 100.000 112.6 112.2 7.8 0.8 0.3 0.4 -0.4

Asian NICs5

..................................... 100.000 100.5 99.9 7.8 1.5 0.0 -0.9 -0.6

ASEAN (Dec. 2003=100)6

.................... 100.000 105.1 104.8 4.3 1.2 0.2 -1.0 -0.3

Asia Near East (Dec. 2003=100)7

........... 100.000 260.4 250.5 26.6 2.0 0.5 -4.5 -3.8

1 Relative importance figures are based on 2020 trade values.

2 Western Europe, Canada, Japan, Australia, New Zealand, and South Africa.

3 Mexico, Central America, South America, and the Caribbean.

4 China, Japan, Australia, Brunei, Indonesia, Macao, Malaysia, New Zealand, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, and the Asian Newly Industrialized

Countries.

5 Asian Newly Industrialized Countries - Hong Kong, Singapore, South Korea, and Taiwan.

6 Association of Southeast Asian Nations - Brunei, Cambodia, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, Philippines, Singapore, Thailand, and Vietnam.

7 Bahrain, Iran, Iraq, Israel, Jordan, Kuwait, Lebanon, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Syria, United Arab Emirates, and Yemen.

NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication.

Regions are not mutually exclusive.

Dash = Not available

13
Table 8. U.S. export price indexes and percent changes by locality of destination: August 2021 to August 2022

[December 2017=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description

Relative

importance

Jul.

20221

Index Percent change

Jul.

2022

Aug.

2022

Annual Monthly

Aug.

2021 to

Aug.

2022

Apr.

2022 to

May

2022

May

2022 to

Jun.

2022

Jun.

2022 to

Jul.

2022

Jul.

2022 to

Aug.

2022

Industrialized Countries2

.................... 100.000 124.5 123.4 10.0 1.4 0.2 -2.4 -0.9

Nonmanufacturing........................... 17.074 173.6 170.0 32.6 4.3 1.7 -10.0 -2.1

Manufacturing................................ 81.357 118.5 117.7 6.8 0.8 -0.2 -0.4 -0.7

Canada.......................................... 100.000 130.2 130.1 11.5 1.5 0.3 -2.2 -0.1

Nonmanufacturing (Dec. 2020=100). . . . .. 12.594 172.2 174.3 31.5 4.5 2.6 -12.5 1.2

Manufacturing (Dec. 2020=100)........... 86.055 119.2 118.8 9.2 1.0 0.0 -0.4 -0.3

European Union............................... 100.000 123.0 120.7 8.4 1.5 0.7 -2.2 -1.9

Nonmanufacturing........................... 21.162 169.2 157.4 26.3 2.6 1.7 -8.7 -7.0

Manufacturing................................ 77.318 114.9 114.2 5.4 1.1 0.4 -0.1 -0.6

Germany........................................ 100.000 114.9 114.5 6.7 0.8 0.4 0.2 -0.3

Latin America3

................................. 100.000 142.4 138.5 15.0 6.6 2.0 -6.4 -2.7

Nonmanufacturing........................... 12.520 214.8 235.7 38.6 13.4 3.4 -17.4 9.7

Manufacturing................................ 86.892 136.3 130.1 11.9 5.6 1.6 -4.6 -4.5

Mexico........................................... 100.000 138.9 137.0 12.0 4.7 2.1 -5.4 -1.4

Nonmanufacturing........................... 10.958 200.1 234.7 43.5 18.4 4.5 -21.0 17.3

Manufacturing................................ 88.685 134.6 129.6 8.5 3.0 1.8 -3.1 -3.7

Pacific Rim4.................................... 100.000 122.5 123.1 9.6 1.3 0.2 -2.4 0.5

Nonmanufacturing........................... 27.080 155.2 158.5 25.4 3.2 0.2 -7.3 2.1

Manufacturing................................ 71.101 115.1 114.9 6.1 0.7 0.2 0.3 -0.2

China............................................ 100.000 120.5 118.4 7.5 1.4 1.5 -4.4 -1.7

Nonmanufacturing........................... 36.413 142.9 136.6 19.9 3.4 2.7 -9.7 -4.4

Manufacturing................................ 62.361 113.7 113.3 2.9 0.4 0.6 -0.4 -0.4

Japan............................................ 100.000 126.1 122.5 9.5 1.9 -0.6 -2.9 -2.9

Nonmanufacturing........................... 32.851 173.9 164.8 29.8 3.7 1.3 -8.3 -5.2

Manufacturing................................ 65.790 111.1 109.1 2.7 1.0 -1.3 0.1 -1.8

1 Relative importance figures are based on 2020 trade values.

2 Western Europe, Canada, Japan, Australia, New Zealand, and South Africa.

3 Mexico, Central America, South America, and the Caribbean.

4 China, Japan, Australia, Brunei, Indonesia, Macao, Malaysia, New Zealand, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, and the Asian Newly Industrialized

Countries.

NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication.

Regions are not mutually exclusive.

Dash = Not available

14
Table 9. U.S. terms of trade indexes and percent changes by locality: August 2021 to August 20221

[December 2017=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description

Index Percent change

Jul.

2022

Aug.

2022

Annual Monthly

Aug.

2021 to

Aug.

2022

Apr.

2022 to

May

2022

May

2022 to

Jun.

2022

Jun.

2022 to

Jul.

2022

Jul.

2022 to

Aug.

2022

Industrialized Countries2

............................ 98.8 99.0 -0.2 0.7 -0.2 -0.2 0.2

Canada.................................................. 82.1 84.2 -8.7 -1.0 -0.7 2.8 2.6

European Union...................................... 106.7 105.2 2.9 1.1 -0.5 -2.3 -1.4

Germany................................................ 105.8 105.6 1.2 1.0 -0.2 -1.0 -0.2

Latin America3

........................................ 121.9 120.2 5.8 5.5 1.8 -5.1 -1.4

Mexico.................................................. 124.1 124.3 5.4 4.0 1.6 -5.0 0.2

Pacific Rim4............................................ 114.8 115.7 6.1 1.2 0.2 -2.0 0.8

China.................................................... 115.6 113.9 5.5 1.6 1.8 -4.4 -1.5

Japan.................................................... 120.3 116.9 8.1 1.7 -0.6 -2.7 -2.8

1 Terms of trade indexes are derived by dividing the export price index by the corresponding import price index and multiplying by 100.

2 Western Europe, Canada, Japan, Australia, New Zealand, and South Africa.

3 Mexico, Central America, South America, and the Caribbean.

4 China, Japan, Australia, Brunei, Indonesia, Macao, Malaysia, New Zealand, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, and the Asian Newly Industrialized

Countries.

NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication.

Regions are not mutually exclusive.

Dash = Not available

15
Table 10. U.S. international price indexes and percent changes for selected transportation services: August

2021 to August 2022

[2000=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description

Relative

importance

Jul.

20221

Index Percent change

Jul.

2022

Aug.

2022

Annual Monthly

Aug.

2021 to

Aug.

2022

Apr.

2022 to

May

2022

May

2022 to

Jun.

2022

Jun.

2022 to

Jul.

2022

Jul.

2022 to

Aug.

2022

Air Freight

Import Air Freight.................................... 100.000 314.4 327.1 -0.3 4.1 -1.0 -12.9 4.0

Europe (Dec. 2003=100).......................... 25.719 267.4 266.9 7.4 1.5 -12.1 -13.4 -0.2

Asia.................................................. 73.996 310.3 327.5 -3.1 5.3 3.6 -12.8 5.5

Export Air Freight................................... 100.000 209.1 213.7 25.3 3.1 -1.1 -1.5 2.2

Europe (Dec. 2006=100).......................... 28.827 176.0 179.5 22.9 3.7 -4.9 2.6 2.0

Asia (Dec. 2011=100).............................. 49.332 161.4 167.5 31.7 1.8 1.2 -4.0 3.8

Inbound Air Freight................................. 100.000 240.9 238.8 -3.7 2.9 -3.0 -8.3 -0.9

Europe (Dec. 2003=100).......................... 23.740 185.1 180.7 4.1 2.3 -12.1 -8.3 -2.4

Asia.................................................. 67.235 245.9 246.7 -3.2 4.5 0.8 -9.4 0.3

Outbound Air Freight............................... 100.000 217.3 221.3 -8.3 -1.3 3.7 -4.7 1.8

Europe (Dec. 2003=100).......................... 30.018 208.5 210.3 27.9 0.6 -3.5 2.8 0.9

Asia.................................................. 52.838 236.4 243.2 -24.6 -4.3 8.8 -9.2 2.9

Air Passenger Fares

Import Air Passenger Fares....................... 100.000 190.8 172.0 7.0 3.2 10.1 -0.2 -9.9

Europe............................................... 37.553 207.5 177.6 12.8 5.7 9.4 -3.1 -14.4

Asia.................................................. 22.016 215.5 198.0 12.6 8.2 9.1 -0.3 -8.1

Latin America/Caribbean.......................... 13.447 164.8 150.0 20.3 -5.7 24.1 5.4 -9.0

Export Air Passenger Fares....................... 100.000 205.8 200.9 7.7 2.6 5.3 8.3 -2.4

Europe............................................... 27.138 249.6 221.3 9.4 4.3 6.5 9.2 -11.3

Asia.................................................. 22.746 215.5 238.0 5.9 7.3 1.6 6.2 10.4

Latin America/Caribbean.......................... 33.152 206.5 199.7 24.0 0.8 10.1 9.8 -3.3

1 Relative importance figures are based on 2020 trade values.

NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication.

Dash = Not available

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TECHNICAL NOTE

Import and Export Goods and Services Price Indexes - All indexes use a modified Laspeyres 

formula and are not seasonally adjusted. Price indexes are reweighted annually, with a 2-year lag in the 

weights. Published series use a base year of 2000=100 where possible. More detailed index series and 

additional information may be obtained at www.bls.gov/mxp or by calling (202) 691-7101. 

Merchandise Goods Classification Systems - The merchandise price indexes are published using three 

classification systems. Items are classified by end use according to the Bureau of Economic Analysis 

Classification System, by industry according to the North American Industry Classification System 

(NAICS), and by product category according to the Harmonized System (HS). While classification by 

end use and product category are self-explanatory, some notes are in order for classifying items by 

industry. In the NAICS imports and exports tables, items are classified by output industry, not input 

industry. As an example, NAICS import index 326 (plastics and rubber products manufacturing) 

includes outputs such as manufactured plastic rather than inputs such as petroleum. The NAICS 

classification structure also matches the classification system used by the Producer Price Index (PPI) to 

produce the NAICS primary products indexes.

Import Price Goods Indexes - Items are classified by the Harmonized Tariff Schedule of the United 

States Annotated (TSUSA). Import prices are based on U.S. dollar prices paid by the U.S. importer. The 

prices are generally either "free on board" (f.o.b.) foreign port or "cost, insurance, and freight" (c.i.f.) 

U.S. port transaction prices, depending on the practices of the individual industry. The index for crude 

petroleum is calculated from data collected by the U.S. Department of Energy. 

Export Price Goods Indexes - Items are classified by the Harmonized Schedule B classification system 

of the U.S. Bureau of the Census. The prices used are generally either "free alongside ship" (f.a.s.) 

factory or "free on board" (f.o.b.) transaction prices, depending on the practices of the individual 

industry. Prices used in the grain index, excluding rice, are obtained from the U.S. Department of 

Agriculture. 

Services Price Indexes - Indexes for import and export air passenger fares calculate changes in the 

average revenue received per passenger by foreign carriers from U.S. residents and by U.S. carriers from 

foreign residents, respectively. Data are obtained from an airline consulting service and report on tickets 

sold by travel agencies, travel websites, and directly by the airlines. Taxes and fees are included in both 

the import and export air passenger fares indexes. Import air passenger fares data have used the airline 

consulting service source since September 2008. Before April 2018, the export air passenger fares data 

were collected directly by BLS from U.S. airlines. The air freight indexes are calculated from data 

collected directly from airlines. These data exclude mail and passenger baggage. The scope of the 

service being priced is the movement of freight from airport to airport only, and does not include any 

ground transportation or port service. The air freight indexes are presented using two definitions: 

balance of payments (which represents transactions between U.S. and foreign residents) and 

international (which represents transactions inbound to and outbound from the United States.) Fact 

sheets specifying detailed information for each services industry are available at www.bls.gov/mxp 

under "MXP Publications." 
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Import Price Indexes by Locality of Origin - Prices used in these indexes are a subset of the data 

collected for the import price indexes. The indexes are specific to a country, region, or grouping and, 

beginning with January 2002, are based on the North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 

covering goods-producing industries. Nonmanufactured goods are defined as NAICS 11 and 21, and 

manufactured goods are defined as NAICS 31-33. 

Export Price Indexes by Locality of Destination - Prices used in these indexes are a subset of the data 

collected for the export price indexes. The indexes are specific to a country, region, or grouping and are 

based on the North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) covering goods-producing 

industries. Nonmanufactured goods are defined as NAICS 11 and 21, and manufactured goods are 

defined as NAICS 31-33. 

Terms of Trade Indexes - Terms of trade indexes measure the relative price of exports in terms of 

import prices for a specific country, region, or grouping. The indexes are calculated as one country, 

region, or grouping’s all-export goods price index divided by the corresponding all-import goods price 

index on a scale of 100. 

 

Relative Importance - A relative importance is a specific index’s price-updated value share (expressed 

as a percentage) of overall imports or exports at a specific point in time. Relative importance values are 

affected by the trade weights at the point indexes are reweighted and index changes relative to other 

indexes since the reweight point. If an index is rising in value relative to other indexes over time, the 

relative importance will increase as well. 

Revision Policy - To reflect the availability of late reports and corrections by respondents, monthly data 

may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication. After 3 months, no further data 

revisions take place. For example, data first published in the January release will be subject to revision 

in the releases for February, March, and April. 

Rounding Policy - Index values are rounded to the tenth decimal place after being calculated. All 

percent changes are then derived from the rounded index values and subsequently rounded to the tenth 

decimal place. 

Uses of the Data - The primary use of the indexes is to deflate trade statistics, notably the foreign trade 

sector of the National Income and Product Accounts (NIPA) constructed by the Department of 

Commerce. Other published indexes are useful for general market analysis. For trade in international 

services, balance of payments indexes are used for deflating NIPA, while international indexes are more 

appropriate for market analysis. 

Email Subscription - The U.S. import and export price indexes news release is available through an 

email subscription service at www.bls.gov/bls/list.htm. 

 

Additional Information - More detailed data are available on the Import/Export Price Indexes home 

page at www.bls.gov/mxp. For import and export price indexes data requests, send an email to 

mxpinfo@bls.gov. 

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