U.S. IMPORT AND EXPORT PRICE INDEXES – AUGUST 2023

U.S. import prices rose 0.5 percent in August, after ticking up 0.1 percent the previous month, the U.S. 

Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today. The August advance was led by higher fuel prices. Prices for U.S. 

exports increased 1.3 percent in August following a 0.5-percent rise in July. 

Chart 1. One-month and 12-month percent changes in the Import Price Index: August 2022 – August 2023

Imports 

The price index for U.S. imports advanced 0.5 percent in August, the largest monthly increase since May 

2022. Despite the August increase, U.S. import prices fell 3.0 percent over the past year. (See table 1.)

Fuel Imports: Import fuel prices rose 6.7 percent in August following a 2.2-percent advance in July. The 

August increase was the largest 1-month advance since March 2022. Higher prices for import petroleum and 

for natural gas in August contributed to the overall increase in fuel prices. In spite of the recent rises, prices 

for import fuel declined 19.0 percent over the past 12 months. The price index for import petroleum 

advanced 6.5 percent in August, after increasing 1.9 percent the previous month. Import petroleum prices 

fell 17.6 percent for the year ended in August. Prices for import natural gas rose 19.1 percent in August 

following a 13.7-percent advance in July. Import natural gas prices declined 51.8 percent over the past year. 

BLS is seeking feedback on an upcoming methodological change to U.S. Import and Export Price Indexes. 

More information is available in the Federal Register Notice at 

www.federalregister.gov/documents/2023/09/11/2023-19486/comment-request. Please share your thoughts 

by emailing ipp_frn@bls.gov.

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Transmission of material in this release is embargoed until

8:30 a.m. (ET) Friday, September 15, 2023 

Technical information: (202) 691-7101 • MXPinfo@bls.gov • www.bls.gov/mxp

Media contact: (202) 691-5902 • PressOffice@bls.gov

USDL-23-1975
2

All Imports Excluding Fuel: Prices for nonfuel imports edged down 0.1 percent for the second consecutive 

month in August. Nonfuel import prices have not recorded a monthly increase since February 2023. Lower 

prices in August for nonfuel industrial supplies and materials; capital goods; and automotive vehicles more 

than offset higher prices for foods, feeds, and beverages and consumer goods. Nonfuel import prices 

decreased 0.8 percent for the year ended in August. 

Foods, Feeds, and Beverages: The price index for import foods, feeds, and beverages increased 0.7 percent 

in August following a 2.4-percent advance the previous month. Higher prices for feedstuff and foodgrains in 

August led the increase. 

Nonfuel Industrial Supplies and Materials: Nonfuel industrial supplies and materials prices fell 0.8 percent 

in August, after decreasing 1.4 percent in July. The August decline was driven by lower prices for chemicals 

and unfinished metals. 

Finished Goods: Prices for the major finished goods import categories were mixed in August. Capital goods 

prices declined 0.2 percent, the largest 1-month decrease since the index fell 0.3 percent in November 2019. 

The August decline was led by a 0.8-percent drop in the price index for computers, peripherals, and 

semiconductors. Prices for automotive vehicles edged down 0.1 percent in August following a 0.5-percent 

advance in July. Lower parts prices in August drove the decrease. In contrast, the price index for consumer 

goods ticked up 0.1 percent in August, after declining 0.2 percent the previous month. 

Table A. Percent change in Import and Export Price Indexes, selected categories
3

Chart 2. One-month and 12-month percent changes in the Export Price Index: August 2022 – August 2023

Exports 

Prices for U.S. exports advanced 1.3 percent in August, after increasing 0.5 percent the previous month. The 

August rise was the largest 1-month advance since the index increased 2.7 percent in May 2022. Higher 

nonagricultural prices in August more than offset lower agricultural prices. Despite the advance in August, 

U.S. export prices declined 5.5 percent over the past year. (See table 2.) 

Agricultural Exports: Export agricultural prices decreased 2.2 percent in August following a 0.5-percent 

increase in July. The August decline was driven by lower prices for soybeans, corn, wheat, and nuts. Prices 

for agricultural exports fell 7.8 percent for the year ended in August. Lower prices for corn and soybeans 

were the primary contributors to the 12-month drop in export agricultural prices. 

All Exports Excluding Agriculture: The price index for nonagricultural exports rose 1.7 percent in 

August, after advancing 0.6 percent the previous month. The August increase was the largest monthly 

advance since the index rose 2.7 percent in May 2022. Higher prices in August for nonagricultural industrial 

supplies and materials; capital goods; and automotive vehicles more than offset lower prices for consumer 

goods and nonagricultural foods. In spite of the recent increase, nonagricultural prices fell 5.3 percent from 

August 2022 to August 2023. 

Nonagricultural Industrial Supplies and Materials: Prices for nonagricultural industrial supplies and 

materials advanced 4.2 percent in August following a 1.1-percent increase in July. The August rise was the 

largest 1-month advance since May 2022 and was driven by higher fuel prices. 

Finished Goods: Prices for the major finished goods export categories were mixed in August. Prices for 

export capital goods ticked up 0.1 percent for the second consecutive month in August. Both the August and 

July increases were led by 0.3-percent advances in industrial and service machinery prices. The price index 

for automotive vehicles rose 0.2 percent in August, after increasing 0.2 percent in July. Higher prices for 

parts and passenger cars in August drove the advance. In contrast, consumer goods prices edged down 0.1 

percent in August, the first monthly drop since a 0.3-percent decrease in November 2022. Lower prices in 

August for nonmanufactured consumer goods led the decline. 

More information for the major import and export price indexes can be found at 

www.bls.gov/web/ximpim/largest.htm. 

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4

Measures of Import and Export Prices by Locality

Imports by Locality of Origin: Import prices from China increased 0.1 percent in August following a 0.3-

percent drop the previous month. The August rise was the first monthly advance since the index increased 

0.4 percent in October 2022. Despite the advance, prices for imports from China declined 2.2 percent for the 

year ended in August. Import prices from Japan were unchanged in August, after increasing 0.4 percent in 

July. The price index for imports from Japan rose 1.2 percent from August 2022 to August 2023. Prices for 

imports from Canada advanced 2.0 percent in August, the largest 1-month increase since the index rose 2.6 

percent in May 2022. Import prices from Canada decreased 11.0 percent over the past 12 months. Prices for 

imports from the European Union increased 0.6 percent in August, the largest monthly advance since 

January 2023. The price index for imports from Mexico rose 0.3 percent in August following a 2.3-percent 

increase the previous month. (See table 7.)

Exports by Locality of Destination: Prices for exports to China declined 0.3 percent in August, after 

increasing 1.3 percent the previous month. Export prices to China fell 7.9 percent for the year ended in 

August. The price index for exports to Japan was unchanged in August and has not recorded a 1-month 

advance since February 2023. Prices for exports to Japan decreased 10.4 percent over the past year. Export 

prices to Mexico rose 1.9 percent in August, the largest monthly advance since the index increased 2.1 

percent in June 2022. Despite the August rise, the price index for exports to Mexico fell 8.2 percent over the 

past 12 months. Prices for exports to Canada and the European Union also increased in August, advancing 

0.8 percent and 0.4 percent, respectively. (See table 8.)

Terms of Trade Indexes: Terms of trade indexes are based on country, region, or grouping and measure 

the change in the purchasing power of exports relative to imports. U.S. terms of trade with China fell 0.4 

percent in August, after increasing 1.6 percent in July. Lower export prices to China and higher import 

prices from China each contributed to the August decline. The index for U.S. terms of trade with China 

decreased 5.8 percent over the past 12 months. U.S. terms of trade with Japan was unchanged in August 

following a 1.9-percent decline in July. U.S. terms of trade with Japan fell 11.4 percent for the year ended in 

August. The U.S. terms of trade with Canada declined 1.2 percent in August, after decreasing 1.1 percent 

the previous month. U.S. terms of trade with Mexico increased 1.6 percent in August and U.S. terms of 

trade with the European Union decreased 0.2 percent over the same period. (See table 9.)

Import and Export Services

Imports: The index for import air passenger fares decreased 14.1 percent in August, after declining 9.2 

percent in July. The August drop was the largest 1-month decrease since January 2022 and was led by lower 

European fares. Asian and Latin American/Caribbean fares also declined in August. Import air passenger 

fares fell 8.0 percent over the past year, the largest 12-month decrease since February 2021. Prices for 

import air freight declined 11.8 percent in August following a 0.8-percent drop the previous month. The 

August decrease was the largest monthly decline since January 2023 and was driven by lower Asian air 

freight prices. Import air freight prices fell 35.2 percent for the year ended in August. (See table 10.)

Exports: Export air passenger fares declined 8.8 percent in August, after increasing 4.2 percent the previous 

month. Lower European and Latin American/Caribbean fares in August more than offset higher Asian fares. 

Export air passenger fares fell 6.4 percent from August 2022 to August 2023, the first 12-month decrease 

since the index declined 1.0 percent for the year ended November 2021. Export air freight prices rose 5.5 

percent in August following a 0.6-percent advance in July. The August increase was the largest 1-month rise 

since February 2022. Prices for export air freight fell 10.8 percent over the past 12 months. 

 

U.S. Import and Export Price Index data for September 2023 are scheduled for release on Friday, 

October 13, 2023, at 8:30 a.m. (ET).
Table 1. U.S. import price indexes and percent changes for selected categories of goods: August 2022 to

August 2023

[2000=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description End Use

Relative

importance

Jul.

20231

Index Percent change

Jul.

2023

Aug.

2023

Annual Monthly

Aug.

2022 to

Aug.

2023

Apr.

2023 to

May

2023

May

2023 to

Jun.

2023

Jun.

2023 to

Jul.

2023

Jul.

2023 to

Aug.

2023

All commodities................................... 100.000 139.6 140.3 -3.0 -0.4 -0.2 0.1 0.5

All imports excluding food and fuels (Dec.

2010=100)........................................ 83.793 108.0 107.8 -1.3 0.0 -0.4 -0.2 -0.2

All imports excluding petroleum.............. 91.511 123.5 123.5 -1.1 -0.2 -0.3 0.0 0.0

All imports excluding fuels (Dec.

2001=100)........................................ 91.003 127.4 127.3 -0.8 0.0 -0.3 -0.1 -0.1

Foods, feeds, & beverages................... 0 7.210 213.9 215.5 5.0 -0.9 -0.2 2.4 0.7

Agricultural foods, feeds & beverages,

excluding distilled beverages............. 00 5.790 237.8 239.6 6.9 -0.8 0.2 3.2 0.8

Nonagricultural foods (fish, distilled

beverages).................................. 01 1.420 157.3 158.3 -2.2 -0.9 -1.7 -0.3 0.6

Industrial supplies & materials.............. 1 24.502 241.7 246.5 -12.2 -1.9 -0.4 -0.1 2.0

Industrial supplies & materials excluding

petroleum.................................... 16.124 200.5 199.6 -9.7 -0.7 -1.2 -1.1 -0.4

Industrial supplies & materials excluding

fuels (Dec. 2001=100)..................... 15.519 224.7 222.9 -7.9 -0.2 -1.2 -1.4 -0.8

Industrial supplies & materials, durable. . .. 9.770 218.3 217.1 -6.2 0.1 -1.9 -1.4 -0.5

Industrial supplies & materials nondurable

excluding petroleum....................... 6.244 179.9 179.5 -14.4 -1.8 -0.2 -0.6 -0.2

Fuels & lubricants............................. 10 8.997 278.6 297.3 -19.0 -5.0 1.1 2.2 6.7

Petroleum & petroleum products......... 100 8.489 300.2 319.7 -17.6 -4.5 1.2 1.9 6.5

Crude petroleum........................... 10000 5.409 310.6 327.1 -14.7 -3.3 -0.5 5.1 5.3

Fuels, n.e.s.-coals & gas.................. 101 0.374 154.0 174.8 -44.9 -17.6 -1.3 9.3 13.5

Natural gas.................................. 10110 0.265 127.2 151.5 -51.8 -23.9 -1.5 13.7 19.1

Paper & paper base stocks.................. 11 0.541 143.6 140.7 -5.1 0.9 3.3 -1.5 -2.0

Materials associated with nondurable

supplies & materials....................... 12 5.194 196.4 194.2 -11.5 -0.7 -0.5 -1.3 -1.1

Selected building materials.................. 13 1.753 190.7 191.3 -8.6 0.4 -0.6 1.7 0.3

Unfinished metals related to durable

goods........................................ 14 3.891 319.2 314.6 -10.8 0.2 -3.4 -3.5 -1.4

Finished metals related to durable

goods........................................ 15 2.349 217.4 217.0 1.4 0.0 -0.1 -0.6 -0.2

Nonmetals related to durable goods. . . . . .. 16 1.776 123.9 124.0 -4.0 -0.5 -1.9 -0.6 0.1

Capital goods................................... 2 27.900 93.6 93.4 0.5 0.0 -0.1 0.0 -0.2

Electric generating equipment............... 20 3.749 129.2 129.9 0.3 0.2 -0.2 -0.2 0.5

Nonelectrical machinery...................... 21 22.733 84.5 84.3 0.2 0.0 -0.1 0.0 -0.2

Transportation equipment excluding motor

vehicles (Dec. 2001=100)................. 22 1.419 154.1 154.3 6.9 0.3 0.1 0.7 0.1

Automotive vehicles, parts & engines..... 3 12.931 118.5 118.4 1.7 0.3 -0.1 0.5 -0.1

Consumer goods, excluding

automotives.................................. 4 27.457 109.9 110.0 -0.3 0.1 -0.3 -0.2 0.1

Nondurables, manufactured................. 40 12.841 125.1 125.1 0.2 0.2 -0.1 -0.3 0.0

Durables, manufactured...................... 41 13.652 95.4 95.6 -0.3 0.1 -0.2 0.0 0.2

Nonmanufactured consumer goods. . . . . . .. 42 0.963 123.9 123.2 -5.9 0.0 -2.2 -2.1 -0.6

1 Relative importance figures are based on 2021 trade values.

NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication.

Dash = Not available

5
Table 2. U.S. export price indexes and percent changes for selected categories of goods: August 2022 to

August 2023

[2000=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description End Use

Relative

importance

Jul.

20231

Index Percent change

Jul.

2023

Aug.

2023

Annual Monthly

Aug.

2022 to

Aug.

2023

Apr.

2023 to

May

2023

May

2023 to

Jun.

2023

Jun.

2023 to

Jul.

2023

Jul.

2023 to

Aug.

2023

All commodities................................... 100.000 147.7 149.6 -5.5 -2.1 -0.6 0.5 1.3

Agricultural commodities....................... 11.005 240.9 235.6 -7.8 -2.3 -1.5 0.5 -2.2

All exports excluding food and fuels (Dec.

2010=100)........................................ 73.700 113.7 113.9 -1.0 -0.1 -0.5 -0.5 0.2

All exports excluding fuels (June

2022=100)........................................ 83.808 98.9 98.8 -0.7 -0.4 -0.6 -0.3 -0.1

Nonagricultural commodities.................. 88.995 140.6 143.0 -5.3 -2.1 -0.5 0.6 1.7

Foods, feeds, & beverages................... 0 10.108 243.5 237.4 -7.7 -2.3 -1.5 0.6 -2.5

Agricultural foods, feeds & beverages,

excluding distilled beverages............. 00 9.721 246.1 239.8 -7.4 -2.4 -1.5 0.7 -2.6

Nonagricultural foods (fish, distilled

beverages).................................. 01 0.387 194.5 192.0 -13.8 -0.6 -2.6 -3.1 -1.3

Industrial supplies & materials.............. 1 37.495 195.6 203.5 -13.3 -4.9 -1.5 1.1 4.0

Industrial supplies & materials, durable. . .. 10.829 208.3 208.8 -2.5 -0.6 -1.8 -1.7 0.2

Industrial supplies & materials,

nondurable.................................. 26.666 188.1 198.6 -16.4 -6.7 -1.3 2.2 5.6

Agricultural industrial supplies &

materials..................................... 10 1.252 215.7 217.1 -10.4 -1.9 -1.5 -1.2 0.6

Nonagricultural industrial supplies &

materials..................................... 36.243 195.0 203.1 -13.4 -5.0 -1.4 1.1 4.2

Fuels & lubricants............................. 11 16.192 237.2 257.4 -18.9 -10.6 -0.6 5.8 8.5

Nonagricultural supplies & materials

excluding fuels & building materials. . . .. 12 19.249 189.1 190.3 -7.4 -0.5 -2.1 -2.4 0.6

Selected building materials.................. 13 0.802 146.0 148.1 -10.6 -0.3 -1.2 -0.5 1.4

Capital goods................................... 2 31.147 121.4 121.5 2.1 0.0 0.2 0.1 0.1

Electrical generating equipment............. 20 3.479 137.7 137.4 3.3 0.1 -0.1 0.1 -0.2

Nonelectrical machinery...................... 21 22.730 101.4 101.6 0.9 0.0 -0.1 0.0 0.2

Transportation equipment excluding motor

vehicles (Dec. 2001=100)................. 22 4.937 211.8 212.1 7.4 0.1 2.2 0.2 0.1

Automotive vehicles, parts & engines..... 3 8.276 124.1 124.3 2.1 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.2

Consumer goods, excluding

automotives.................................. 4 12.974 119.8 119.7 2.5 0.3 0.1 0.0 -0.1

Nondurables, manufactured................. 40 6.856 111.1 111.1 1.8 0.3 0.0 0.1 0.0

Durables, manufactured...................... 41 4.854 120.1 120.1 4.4 0.3 0.4 0.1 0.0

Nonmanufactured consumer goods (Dec.

2018=100)................................... 42 1.264 129.5 128.2 -1.0 -0.1 -0.8 -0.7 -1.0

1 Relative importance figures are based on 2021 trade values.

NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication.

Dash = Not available

6
Table 3. U.S. import price indexes and percent changes for selected industries: August 2022 to August 2023

[December 2005=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description NAICS

Relative

importance

Jul.

20231

Index Percent change

Jul.

2023

Aug.

2023

Annual Monthly

Aug.

2022 to

Aug.

2023

Apr.

2023 to

May

2023

May

2023 to

Jun.

2023

Jun.

2023 to

Jul.

2023

Jul.

2023 to

Aug.

2023

Nonmanufacturing................................ 8.292 146.9 153.8 -12.1 -4.1 -0.8 4.6 4.7

Agriculture, forestry, fishing and

hunting........................................ 11 2.227 220.6 222.6 7.7 -2.0 -0.8 5.6 0.9

Crop production............................... 111 1.780 229.2 231.4 6.4 -2.2 -0.7 5.9 1.0

Animal production (Dec. 2022=100)........ 112 0.273 115.7 118.2 – 0.9 -1.2 5.8 2.2

Mining............................................ 21 6.065 141.1 149.7 -17.3 -4.9 -0.8 4.1 6.1

Oil and gas extraction........................ 211 5.801 139.7 148.3 -18.1 -4.5 -0.7 5.2 6.2

Mining (except oil and gas) (Dec.

2022=100)................................... 212 0.265 105.7 110.0 – -11.6 -1.7 -14.5 4.1

Manufacturing..................................... 91.377 122.0 122.1 -2.0 -0.2 -0.2 -0.2 0.1

Manufacturing, part 1......................... 31 11.446 138.6 139.0 1.0 0.1 -0.3 -0.2 0.3

Food manufacturing.......................... 311 4.241 187.5 188.5 1.9 0.0 -0.5 -0.4 0.5

Beverage and tobacco product

manufacturing............................... 312 1.185 140.3 141.0 4.9 0.1 0.0 0.3 0.5

Apparel manufacturing....................... 315 3.219 118.9 118.7 0.0 -0.1 -0.2 -0.1 -0.2

Leather and allied product

manufacturing............................... 316 1.377 127.0 127.0 -0.6 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.0

Manufacturing, part 2......................... 32 19.847 142.3 143.6 -8.1 -0.9 0.5 -0.9 0.9

Paper manufacturing......................... 322 0.984 124.2 123.1 -3.7 0.3 1.5 -0.7 -0.9

Petroleum and coal products

manufacturing............................... 324 2.922 134.7 146.0 -20.4 -6.6 4.8 -3.0 8.4

Chemical manufacturing..................... 325 11.110 150.1 149.4 -6.6 0.0 -0.3 -0.9 -0.5

Plastics and rubber products

manufacturing............................... 326 2.649 133.7 133.7 0.2 0.6 -0.1 -0.3 0.0

Nonmetallic mineral product

manufacturing............................... 327 1.081 146.3 146.0 2.7 0.6 -0.8 -0.2 -0.2

Manufacturing, part 3......................... 33 60.084 112.6 112.4 -0.3 0.1 -0.4 -0.1 -0.2

Primary metal manufacturing................ 331 4.760 221.0 218.7 -6.7 0.4 -2.8 -2.1 -1.0

Fabricated metal product manufacturing... 332 3.319 148.3 147.8 -2.8 -0.2 -0.3 -0.5 -0.3

Machinery manufacturing.................... 333 7.765 132.0 132.0 3.1 0.3 -0.2 0.2 0.0

Computer and electronic product

manufacturing............................... 334 16.785 72.6 72.5 -1.8 -0.3 -0.1 -0.1 -0.1

Electrical equipment, appliance, and

component manufacturing................. 335 6.006 127.8 127.9 0.5 0.2 -0.1 0.0 0.1

Transportation equipment manufacturing... 336 13.156 117.6 117.6 2.2 0.3 -0.1 0.6 0.0

Furniture and related product

manufacturing............................... 337 2.026 129.4 128.8 -0.5 0.3 0.2 0.0 -0.5

Miscellaneous manufacturing............... 339 6.266 127.9 128.1 0.8 0.5 -0.2 -0.2 0.2

1 Relative importance figures are based on 2021 trade values.

NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication.

Dash = Not available

7
Table 4. U.S. export price indexes and percent changes for selected industries: August 2022 to August 2023

[December 2005=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description NAICS

Relative

importance

Jul.

20231

Index Percent change

Jul.

2023

Aug.

2023

Annual Monthly

Aug.

2022 to

Aug.

2023

Apr.

2023 to

May

2023

May

2023 to

Jun.

2023

Jun.

2023 to

Jul.

2023

Jul.

2023 to

Aug.

2023

Nonmanufacturing................................ 14.856 176.3 179.1 -22.1 -7.4 -2.0 4.9 1.6

Agriculture, forestry, fishing and

hunting........................................ 11 5.489 206.3 197.2 -14.2 -3.8 -2.9 1.8 -4.4

Crop production............................... 111 5.173 219.0 208.7 -14.8 -3.8 -3.0 1.8 -4.7

Mining............................................ 21 9.367 106.7 112.2 -26.0 -9.5 -1.5 6.8 5.2

Oil and gas extraction (Dec. 2021=100). .. 211 8.005 94.1 100.3 -27.7 -10.0 -0.2 8.0 6.6

Mining (except oil and gas).................. 212 1.362 137.8 132.8 -8.9 -6.8 -7.0 -0.3 -3.6

Manufacturing..................................... 83.503 133.1 134.8 -2.0 -1.2 -0.2 -0.2 1.3

Manufacturing, part 1......................... 31 6.970 172.7 172.7 -3.1 -0.7 -0.2 -0.7 0.0

Food manufacturing.......................... 311 5.160 203.9 204.1 -3.4 -0.9 0.0 -0.6 0.1

Beverage and tobacco product

manufacturing............................... 312 0.521 139.9 140.6 -3.0 -1.3 -2.6 -3.2 0.5

Manufacturing, part 2......................... 32 25.855 134.1 139.6 -7.1 -3.4 -0.7 -0.1 4.1

Wood product manufacturing (Dec.

2017=100)................................... 321 0.402 113.7 114.2 -14.8 -0.3 -1.6 -0.8 0.4

Paper manufacturing......................... 322 1.520 140.8 139.6 -10.9 -2.5 -5.7 2.1 -0.9

Petroleum and coal products

manufacturing............................... 324 6.400 145.4 167.0 -8.6 -12.7 0.4 2.8 14.9

Chemical manufacturing..................... 325 14.261 132.0 132.9 -6.9 0.1 -0.7 -1.7 0.7

Plastics and rubber products

manufacturing............................... 326 2.299 133.6 133.8 1.7 0.2 0.0 0.3 0.1

Nonmetallic mineral product

manufacturing............................... 327 0.777 133.0 136.1 0.8 0.2 0.2 1.2 2.3

Manufacturing, part 3......................... 33 50.678 128.8 128.8 1.3 0.1 0.0 -0.1 0.0

Primary metal manufacturing................ 331 4.267 200.6 199.9 -6.8 -0.4 -1.8 -2.2 -0.3

Machinery manufacturing.................... 333 9.612 149.6 150.2 4.7 0.1 0.1 0.3 0.4

Computer and electronic product

manufacturing............................... 334 12.876 83.0 82.9 -2.4 -0.2 -0.2 -0.2 -0.1

Electrical equipment, appliance, and

component manufacturing................. 335 3.614 136.2 136.0 3.7 0.2 -0.1 0.3 -0.1

Transportation equipment manufacturing... 336 12.235 144.1 144.3 4.1 0.1 0.8 0.2 0.1

Miscellaneous manufacturing............... 339 5.004 139.3 138.9 3.5 0.4 0.4 0.1 -0.3

1 Relative importance figures are based on 2021 trade values.

NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication.

Dash = Not available

8
Table 5. U.S. import price indexes and percent changes for selected categories of goods: August 2022 to

August 2023

[2000=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description

Harmonized

system

Relative

importance

Jul.

20231

Index Percent change

Jul.

2023

Aug.

2023

Annual Monthly

Aug.

2022 to

Aug.

2023

Apr.

2023 to

May

2023

May

2023 to

Jun.

2023

Jun.

2023 to

Jul.

2023

Jul.

2023 to

Aug.

2023

Live animals; animal products................. I 1.575 236.6 240.1 3.9 0.0 -0.9 1.0 1.5

Meat and edible meat offal..................... 02 0.423 335.2 334.9 0.0 2.3 1.4 2.8 -0.1

Fish and crustaceans, molluscs and other

aquatic invertebrates......................... 03 0.781 150.2 152.2 -3.0 -1.8 -3.1 -1.1 1.3

Vegetable products............................... II 2.236 256.1 258.5 6.4 -1.7 -0.8 4.2 0.9

Edible vegetables, roots, and tubers.......... 07 0.590 526.9 522.3 16.5 5.2 -1.3 10.5 -0.9

Edible fruit and nuts; peel of citrus fruit or

melons.......................................... 08 0.799 126.5 127.1 9.1 -7.4 0.7 9.0 0.5

Coffee, tea, mate and spices.................. 09 0.380 293.2 297.9 -7.0 -0.7 -0.7 -2.7 1.6

Animal or vegetable fats and oils (Dec.

2009=100)........................................ III 0.373 143.4 149.3 -1.3 -1.2 -1.2 -0.9 4.1

Prepared foodstuffs, beverages, and

tobacco........................................... IV 3.398 196.3 197.0 5.1 0.1 0.2 0.5 0.4

Sugars and sugar confectionary (Dec.

2021=100)..................................... 17 0.214 114.4 114.8 6.9 0.5 -0.4 0.5 0.3

Cocoa and cocoa preparations (Dec.

2009=100)..................................... 18 0.250 123.7 125.0 22.3 -2.8 2.3 2.1 1.1

Miscellaneous edible preparations (Dec.

2022=100)..................................... 21 0.393 97.7 97.8 – 0.5 0.4 -0.5 0.1

Beverages, spirits, and vinegar................ 22 1.116 154.0 154.8 4.9 0.2 -0.1 0.3 0.5

Mineral products.................................. V 9.106 285.7 304.8 -18.4 -5.5 1.0 1.7 6.7

Mineral fuels, oils and residuals, bituminous

substances and mineral waxes............. 27 8.772 278.9 298.3 -19.0 -5.3 1.2 2.3 7.0

Products of the chemical or allied

industries........................................ VI 10.527 170.8 171.5 -3.8 0.2 -0.5 -0.9 0.4

Inorganic chemicals............................. 28 0.619 509.0 493.0 -8.2 0.0 -0.2 -1.8 -3.1

Organic chemicals............................... 29 2.366 143.1 142.5 -5.7 0.5 -1.3 -1.0 -0.4

Pharmaceutical products....................... 30 5.251 147.4 147.4 -0.3 0.1 -0.1 -0.7 0.0

Fertilizers (Dec. 2022=100).................... 31 0.337 62.8 74.2 – -4.0 -1.2 -6.0 18.2

Tanning extracts; dye, pigments, varnish,

paints & putty (Dec. 2022=100)............. 32 0.204 101.0 101.4 – 2.2 -0.9 -1.0 0.4

Miscellaneous chemical products............. 38 0.821 118.7 118.1 -0.5 0.3 -1.2 -1.2 -0.5

Plastics and articles thereof; rubber and

articles thereof.................................. VII 4.158 157.5 154.8 -4.2 -0.1 0.2 -0.6 -1.7

Plastics and articles thereof.................... 39 2.700 156.8 153.0 -7.3 -0.5 0.1 -0.8 -2.4

Rubber and articles thereof.................... 40 1.458 162.2 161.4 2.3 0.6 0.2 -0.1 -0.5

Woodpulp, recovered paper, and paper

products......................................... X 0.983 130.8 129.5 -4.1 0.6 2.0 -0.9 -1.0

Textile and textile articles....................... XI 4.439 120.6 120.6 0.0 0.2 -0.2 -0.2 0.0

Articles of apparel and clothing accessories,

not knitted or crocheted...................... 62 1.220 126.6 126.6 0.2 -0.2 -0.2 -0.4 0.0

Headgear, umbrellas, artificial flowers,

etc................................................. XII 1.209 127.0 126.8 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.2 -0.2

Footwear and parts of such articles........... 64 0.958 123.9 123.7 0.0 0.2 0.2 0.2 -0.2

Stone, plaster, cement, asbestos,

ceramics, glass etc............................ XIII 0.942 138.3 138.2 2.8 0.5 -0.4 -0.2 -0.1

Articles of stone, plaster, cement, asbestos,

or mica (Dec. 2020=100).................... 68 0.345 102.9 102.9 0.6 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.0

Glass and glassware (Dec. 2021=100)....... 70 0.332 109.0 108.3 6.8 0.5 -0.5 -0.4 -0.6

Pearls, stones, precious metals, imitation

jewelry, and coins.............................. XIV 3.181 223.1 225.4 -2.8 1.6 -2.4 -3.9 1.0

See footnotes at end of table.

9
Table 5. U.S. import price indexes and percent changes for selected categories of goods: August 2022 to

August 2023 — Continued

[2000=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description

Harmonized

system

Relative

importance

Jul.

20231

Index Percent change

Jul.

2023

Aug.

2023

Annual Monthly

Aug.

2022 to

Aug.

2023

Apr.

2023 to

May

2023

May

2023 to

Jun.

2023

Jun.

2023 to

Jul.

2023

Jul.

2023 to

Aug.

2023

Base metals and articles of base metals. . .. XV 6.272 233.6 230.8 -4.6 -0.5 -1.1 -0.3 -1.2

Articles of iron or steel.......................... 73 1.860 203.1 200.9 -3.0 -0.9 -1.3 0.0 -1.1

Copper and articles thereof.................... 74 0.527 370.7 380.4 8.7 -2.5 -2.0 -0.2 2.6

Aluminum and articles thereof................. 76 1.062 190.0 186.3 -5.1 -0.3 -0.7 -0.1 -1.9

Tools, implements, cutlery, spoons and

forks, of base metal; parts thereof.......... 82 0.448 132.6 133.2 2.6 0.0 0.0 0.4 0.5

Miscellaneous articles of base metal. . . . . . . .. 83 0.544 147.2 146.8 -4.1 -0.3 -0.5 -0.1 -0.3

Machinery, electrical equipment, TV image

and sound recorders, parts, etc............. XVI 30.003 82.6 82.6 -0.1 0.0 -0.1 0.0 0.0

Machinery and mechanical appliances;

parts thereof................................... 84 15.318 89.7 89.7 0.4 0.2 -0.1 0.0 0.0

Electrical machinery and equip, sound and

TV recorders & reproducers, parts......... 85 14.685 75.9 75.9 -0.7 -0.1 -0.3 -0.1 0.0

Vehicles, aircraft, vessels and associated

transport equipment........................... XVII 10.949 122.3 122.1 1.9 0.2 -0.1 0.7 -0.2

Motor vehicles and their parts................. 87 10.319 121.3 121.1 1.7 0.2 0.0 0.6 -0.2

Aircraft, spacecraft, and parts thereof (Dec.

2020=100)..................................... 88 0.519 108.7 108.8 4.9 0.0 -0.3 0.6 0.1

Optical, photo, measuring, medical &

musical instruments; & timepieces. . . . . . .. XVIII 4.165 108.2 108.5 3.0 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.3

Optical, photographic, measuring and

medical instruments.......................... 90 3.871 103.8 103.9 2.6 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.1

Miscellaneous manufactured articles......... XX 4.850 120.1 120.1 0.2 0.0 0.0 -0.2 0.0

Furniture & stuffed furnishings; lamps &

lighting fittings, nesoi; prefab bldgs......... 94 2.765 127.7 127.2 -0.9 -0.1 0.0 0.0 -0.4

Toys, games and sports equipment; parts

and accessories thereof...................... 95 1.783 106.0 106.7 0.3 0.3 -0.2 -0.5 0.7

Miscellaneous manufactured articles. . . . . . . .. 96 0.302 147.6 148.0 9.2 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.3

1 Relative importance figures are based on 2021 trade values.

NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication.

Dash = Not available

10
Table 6. U.S. export price indexes and percent changes for selected categories of goods: August 2022 to

August 2023

[2000=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description

Harmonized

system

Relative

importance

Jul.

20231

Index Percent change

Jul.

2023

Aug.

2023

Annual Monthly

Aug.

2022 to

Aug.

2023

Apr.

2023 to

May

2023

May

2023 to

Jun.

2023

Jun.

2023 to

Jul.

2023

Jul.

2023 to

Aug.

2023

Live animals; animal products................. I 2.066 257.9 257.4 -9.5 -0.3 -0.9 -1.2 -0.2

Meat & edible meat offal (Dec. 2006=100)... 02 1.360 220.4 222.2 -2.2 1.3 0.6 0.4 0.8

Fish and crustaceans, mollusks and aquatic

invertebrates (Dec. 2022=100).............. 03 0.241 80.7 78.6 – -0.9 -3.9 -4.6 -2.6

Vegetable products............................... II 5.250 274.2 260.3 -13.6 -4.0 -2.9 1.7 -5.1

Edible fruit and nuts; peel of citrus fruit or

melons.......................................... 08 0.795 131.9 129.2 -5.7 3.2 -3.7 -4.1 -2.0

Cereals............................................ 10 1.790 288.9 268.5 -19.5 -6.9 -0.6 -4.1 -7.1

Oilseeds and misc. grains, seeds, fruits,

plants, straw and fodder..................... 12 2.120 308.8 290.3 -12.1 -3.8 -6.0 10.5 -6.0

Prepared foodstuffs, beverages, and

tobacco........................................... IV 3.049 186.3 186.8 2.2 -0.8 0.2 -0.9 0.3

Miscellaneous edible preparations (Dec.

2017=100)..................................... 21 0.691 118.9 119.6 10.5 0.3 0.8 0.4 0.6

Beverages, spirits, and vinegar (Dec.

2008=100)..................................... 22 0.477 109.3 109.7 1.3 0.2 -0.1 -0.1 0.4

Residues and waste from the food

industries; prepared animal feed............ 23 0.744 290.1 289.0 -10.4 -3.6 -1.9 -4.7 -0.4

Mineral products.................................. V 15.827 282.2 307.6 -19.4 -10.8 -0.7 5.3 9.0

Ores, slag and ash (Dec. 2012=100)......... 26 0.462 121.9 126.1 -1.4 -5.3 -4.9 -7.2 3.4

Mineral fuels, oils and residuals, bituminous

substances and mineral waxes............. 27 15.142 270.5 295.7 -20.1 -11.1 -0.5 5.7 9.3

Products of the chemical or allied

industries........................................ VI 12.860 161.5 163.0 -2.8 0.2 -0.4 -1.1 0.9

Pharmaceutical products....................... 30 4.518 108.8 109.0 3.1 0.6 0.0 0.4 0.2

Essential oils and resinoids; perfumery

cosmetic or toilet preparations.............. 33 0.878 148.9 148.5 5.5 0.0 0.1 -0.3 -0.3

Soap; lubricants; waxes, polishing or

scouring products; candles, pastes......... 34 0.489 139.0 139.0 2.3 0.2 0.7 0.7 0.0

Miscellaneous chemical products............. 38 2.325 192.5 192.7 2.9 0.3 0.1 0.1 0.1

Plastics and articles thereof; rubber and

articles thereof.................................. VII 4.554 156.3 156.4 -7.7 -0.2 -0.9 -1.1 0.1

Plastics and articles thereof.................... 39 3.748 153.1 153.1 -9.5 -0.3 -1.0 -1.5 0.0

Rubber and articles thereof.................... 40 0.807 169.9 170.3 2.0 0.4 -0.4 0.8 0.2

Wood, wood charcoal, cork, straw, baskets

and wickerwork (Dec. 2014=100)............ IX 0.460 104.4 105.8 -18.6 -0.9 -2.7 -1.5 1.3

Woodpulp, recovered paper, and paper

products......................................... X 1.662 140.5 140.4 -11.9 -2.6 -4.8 2.1 -0.1

Woodpulp and recovered paper (Dec.

2019=100)..................................... 47 0.447 132.8 130.7 -31.6 -6.6 -14.8 6.9 -1.6

Paper and paperboard; articles of paper

pulp, paper or paperboard................... 48 0.973 145.6 146.5 -0.9 -1.2 -1.0 0.6 0.6

Cotton, including yarns and woven fabrics

thereof.......................................... 52 0.494 158.2 163.1 -18.2 -1.7 0.3 -0.6 3.1

Stone, plaster, cement, asbestos,

ceramics, glass etc............................ XIII 0.760 149.0 151.8 3.0 0.1 0.2 1.4 1.9

Glass and glassware (Dec. 2019=100)....... 70 0.470 114.3 114.3 2.9 0.1 0.1 2.8 0.0

Pearls, stones, precious metals, imitation

jewelry, and coins.............................. XIV 4.561 309.9 308.4 -4.0 0.3 -2.1 -2.7 -0.5

Base metals and articles of base metals. . .. XV 4.528 209.7 209.2 0.5 -0.9 -1.2 -0.2 -0.2

Copper and articles thereof.................... 74 0.585 258.2 265.5 9.8 -2.9 -2.2 0.2 2.8

Aluminum and articles thereof................. 76 0.665 142.1 141.6 -2.9 -0.3 -1.2 -2.7 -0.4

See footnotes at end of table.

11
Table 6. U.S. export price indexes and percent changes for selected categories of goods: August 2022 to

August 2023 — Continued

[2000=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description

Harmonized

system

Relative

importance

Jul.

20231

Index Percent change

Jul.

2023

Aug.

2023

Annual Monthly

Aug.

2022 to

Aug.

2023

Apr.

2023 to

May

2023

May

2023 to

Jun.

2023

Jun.

2023 to

Jul.

2023

Jul.

2023 to

Aug.

2023

Miscellaneous articles of base metal (Dec.

2022=100)..................................... 83 0.326 103.6 103.6 – 0.2 0.1 1.8 0.0

Machinery, electrical equipment, TV image

and sound recorders, parts, etc............. XVI 26.138 106.6 106.6 1.9 0.0 0.2 0.0 0.0

Machinery and mechanical appliances;

parts thereof................................... 84 15.217 130.6 130.8 4.3 0.0 0.8 0.1 0.2

Electrical machinery and equipment and

parts and accessories thereof............... 85 10.921 81.6 81.4 -1.3 -0.2 -0.4 -0.1 -0.2

Vehicles, aircraft, vessels and associated

transport equipment........................... XVII 9.166 150.6 150.9 2.1 0.1 0.1 0.3 0.2

Motor vehicles and their parts................. 87 6.902 125.2 125.4 1.0 0.1 0.0 0.3 0.2

Optical, photo, measuring, medical &

musical instruments; & timepieces. . . . . . .. XVIII 5.694 118.2 118.5 3.6 0.3 0.2 0.6 0.3

Miscellaneous manufactured articles......... XX 1.218 135.9 135.3 2.7 0.0 0.0 -0.6 -0.4

Furniture; stuffed furnishings; lamps and

lighting fittings nesoi.......................... 94 0.580 148.7 148.7 -1.2 0.0 0.0 -0.8 0.0

Toys, games and sports equipment; parts

and accessories thereof...................... 95 0.492 117.7 117.8 10.2 0.3 0.0 -0.4 0.1

1 Relative importance figures are based on 2021 trade values.

NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication.

Dash = Not available

12
Table 7. U.S. import price indexes and percent changes by locality of origin: August 2022 to August 2023

[2000=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description

Relative

importance

Jul.

20231

Index Percent change

Jul.

2023

Aug.

2023

Annual Monthly

Aug.

2022 to

Aug.

2023

Apr.

2023 to

May

2023

May

2023 to

Jun.

2023

Jun.

2023 to

Jul.

2023

Jul.

2023 to

Aug.

2023

Industrialized Countries2

.................... 100.000 144.9 146.0 -3.4 -0.4 -0.4 0.6 0.8

Nonmanufacturing........................... 10.906 245.2 260.5 -16.3 -4.2 -1.0 4.0 6.2

Manufacturing................................ 88.584 136.7 136.8 -1.4 0.1 -0.3 0.1 0.1

Canada.......................................... 100.000 172.7 176.2 -11.0 -1.9 -0.6 1.8 2.0

Nonmanufacturing........................... 30.746 240.1 256.2 -17.4 -4.5 -1.1 4.0 6.7

Manufacturing................................ 68.363 158.3 158.1 -7.7 -0.6 -0.3 0.8 -0.1

European Union............................... 100.000 156.0 157.0 2.1 0.3 -0.1 0.3 0.6

Manufacturing................................ 99.204 151.7 152.7 2.3 0.3 -0.1 0.2 0.7

France (Dec. 2003=100)...................... 100.000 151.7 152.6 7.2 0.4 0.4 -0.1 0.6

Germany (Dec. 2003=100)................... 100.000 124.8 125.3 0.7 0.4 -0.5 0.0 0.4

United Kingdom (Dec. 2003=100).......... 100.000 136.3 136.6 0.1 -0.7 -0.3 0.6 0.2

Latin America3

................................. 100.000 170.5 169.7 -0.9 -0.6 0.1 0.9 -0.5

Nonmanufacturing........................... 14.089 326.3 334.5 -5.7 -3.1 0.4 5.5 2.5

Manufacturing................................ 85.645 137.8 136.5 0.3 -0.1 0.1 0.1 -0.9

Mexico (Dec. 2003=100)...................... 100.000 146.4 146.9 3.7 -0.1 0.4 2.3 0.3

Nonmanufacturing (Dec. 2008=100). . . . .. 10.182 197.1 199.9 20.0 -0.3 2.6 23.9 1.4

Manufacturing (Dec. 2008=100)........... 89.560 98.7 98.9 2.4 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.2

Pacific Rim (Dec. 2003=100)4............... 100.000 102.8 102.9 -1.6 -0.1 -0.3 -0.1 0.1

China (Dec. 2003=100)....................... 100.000 101.7 101.8 -2.2 -0.3 -0.4 -0.3 0.1

Japan............................................ 100.000 101.3 101.3 1.2 -0.2 0.1 0.4 0.0

Taiwan (Dec. 2018=100)...................... 100.000 109.6 109.7 -2.0 -0.5 -0.2 -0.2 0.1

Asian NICs5

..................................... 100.000 95.3 95.8 -3.5 -0.7 0.3 -0.2 0.5

ASEAN (Dec. 2003=100)6

.................... 100.000 101.6 101.5 -2.5 -0.8 -0.5 -0.4 -0.1

Asia Near East (Dec. 2003=100)7

........... 100.000 214.0 225.4 -9.5 -4.2 -0.8 2.4 5.3

1 Relative importance figures are based on 2021 trade values.

2 Western Europe, Canada, Japan, Australia, New Zealand, and South Africa.

3 Mexico, Central America, South America, and the Caribbean.

4 China, Japan, Australia, Brunei, Indonesia, Macao, Malaysia, New Zealand, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, and the Asian Newly Industrialized

Countries.

5 Asian Newly Industrialized Countries - Hong Kong, Singapore, South Korea, and Taiwan.

6 Association of Southeast Asian Nations - Brunei, Cambodia, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, Philippines, Singapore, Thailand, and Vietnam.

7 Bahrain, Iran, Iraq, Israel, Jordan, Kuwait, Lebanon, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Syria, United Arab Emirates, and Yemen.

NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication.

Regions are not mutually exclusive.

Dash = Not available

13
Table 8. U.S. export price indexes and percent changes by locality of destination: August 2022 to August 2023

[December 2017=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description

Relative

importance

Jul.

20231

Index Percent change

Jul.

2023

Aug.

2023

Annual Monthly

Aug.

2022 to

Aug.

2023

Apr.

2023 to

May

2023

May

2023 to

Jun.

2023

Jun.

2023 to

Jul.

2023

Jul.

2023 to

Aug.

2023

Industrialized Countries2

.................... 100.000 119.5 120.3 -2.3 -1.8 -0.3 1.0 0.7

Nonmanufacturing........................... 12.694 139.5 141.4 -15.7 -9.4 -1.9 8.6 1.4

Manufacturing................................ 85.553 117.5 118.1 0.3 -0.8 0.0 0.1 0.5

Canada.......................................... 100.000 127.3 128.3 -1.3 -1.7 -0.1 0.6 0.8

Nonmanufacturing (Dec. 2020=100). . . . .. 7.649 133.4 137.2 -21.5 -5.4 -1.7 5.7 2.8

Manufacturing (Dec. 2020=100)........... 90.649 119.2 119.9 0.9 -1.5 0.2 0.3 0.6

European Union............................... 100.000 117.9 118.4 -2.1 -1.6 -0.4 1.4 0.4

Nonmanufacturing........................... 15.591 139.0 143.8 -9.6 -8.8 -2.1 6.8 3.5

Manufacturing................................ 82.707 114.2 114.1 0.0 -0.4 0.0 0.6 -0.1

Germany........................................ 100.000 117.6 117.9 3.1 -0.3 -0.6 1.6 0.3

Latin America3

................................. 100.000 121.9 125.3 -9.5 -3.4 -0.1 0.6 2.8

Nonmanufacturing........................... 9.312 139.9 140.6 -40.7 -7.5 -1.9 6.1 0.5

Manufacturing................................ 90.043 120.7 124.5 -4.2 -3.0 0.1 0.0 3.1

Mexico........................................... 100.000 123.2 125.6 -8.2 -2.1 -0.4 0.9 1.9

Nonmanufacturing........................... 8.139 123.2 121.5 -48.1 -6.5 -3.5 10.5 -1.4

Manufacturing................................ 91.220 124.2 127.1 -1.8 -1.7 -0.1 0.2 2.3

Pacific Rim4.................................... 100.000 113.3 113.5 -6.2 -2.1 -0.9 0.3 0.2

Nonmanufacturing........................... 21.399 122.0 123.0 -17.8 -8.1 -3.0 3.7 0.8

Manufacturing................................ 77.525 112.9 112.8 -1.5 -0.5 -0.1 -0.5 -0.1

China............................................ 100.000 109.3 109.0 -7.9 -2.1 -1.6 1.3 -0.3

Nonmanufacturing........................... 28.169 112.8 112.4 -18.2 -6.4 -3.8 4.5 -0.4

Manufacturing................................ 70.757 110.4 110.1 -2.4 -0.4 -0.6 0.0 -0.3

Japan............................................ 100.000 110.5 110.5 -10.4 -3.1 -0.7 -1.5 0.0

Nonmanufacturing........................... 24.123 119.5 119.9 -28.8 -11.9 -2.1 -1.7 0.3

Manufacturing................................ 74.850 108.4 108.3 -0.7 0.0 0.0 -1.3 -0.1

1 Relative importance figures are based on 2021 trade values.

2 Western Europe, Canada, Japan, Australia, New Zealand, and South Africa.

3 Mexico, Central America, South America, and the Caribbean.

4 China, Japan, Australia, Brunei, Indonesia, Macao, Malaysia, New Zealand, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, and the Asian Newly Industrialized

Countries.

NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication.

Regions are not mutually exclusive.

Dash = Not available

14
Table 9. U.S. terms of trade indexes and percent changes by locality: August 2022 to August 20231

[December 2017=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description

Index Percent change

Jul.

2023

Aug.

2023

Annual Monthly

Aug.

2022 to

Aug.

2023

Apr.

2023 to

May

2023

May

2023 to

Jun.

2023

Jun.

2023 to

Jul.

2023

Jul.

2023 to

Aug.

2023

Industrialized Countries2

............................ 100.9 100.9 1.2 -1.4 0.1 0.4 0.0

Canada.................................................. 96.9 95.7 10.9 0.2 0.5 -1.1 -1.2

European Union...................................... 101.7 101.5 -4.1 -1.9 -0.3 1.1 -0.2

Germany................................................ 108.5 108.3 2.4 -0.7 -0.1 1.6 -0.2

Latin America3

........................................ 106.5 109.9 -8.7 -2.8 -0.3 -0.3 3.2

Mexico.................................................. 108.6 110.3 -11.4 -2.0 -0.8 -1.4 1.6

Pacific Rim4............................................ 108.5 108.5 -4.7 -2.1 -0.6 0.4 0.0

China.................................................... 107.6 107.2 -5.8 -1.9 -1.2 1.6 -0.4

Japan.................................................... 104.2 104.2 -11.4 -2.9 -0.8 -1.9 0.0

1 Terms of trade indexes are derived by dividing the export price index by the corresponding import price index and multiplying by 100.

2 Western Europe, Canada, Japan, Australia, New Zealand, and South Africa.

3 Mexico, Central America, South America, and the Caribbean.

4 China, Japan, Australia, Brunei, Indonesia, Macao, Malaysia, New Zealand, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, and the Asian Newly Industrialized

Countries.

NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication.

Regions are not mutually exclusive.

Dash = Not available

15
Table 10. U.S. international price indexes and percent changes for selected transportation services: August

2022 to August 2023

[2000=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description

Relative

importance

Jul.

20231

Index Percent change

Jul.

2023

Aug.

2023

Annual Monthly

Aug.

2022 to

Aug.

2023

Apr.

2023 to

May

2023

May

2023 to

Jun.

2023

Jun.

2023 to

Jul.

2023

Jul.

2023 to

Aug.

2023

Air Freight

Import Air Freight.................................... 100.000 239.2 210.9 -35.2 -5.2 6.2 -0.8 -11.8

Europe (Dec. 2003=100).......................... 23.814 187.3 193.7 -27.1 -2.7 1.5 -13.8 3.4

Asia.................................................. 75.725 242.2 199.8 -38.6 -5.6 7.5 4.8 -17.5

Export Air Freight................................... 100.000 176.1 185.7 -10.8 -3.8 -2.7 0.6 5.5

Europe (Dec. 2006=100).......................... 25.860 141.3 153.6 -7.1 -4.8 -0.3 2.7 8.7

Asia (Dec. 2011=100).............................. 53.181 138.9 145.5 -12.4 -4.3 -3.2 2.1 4.8

Inbound Air Freight................................. 100.000 166.2 157.9 -34.3 -3.6 2.6 -1.1 -5.0

Europe (Dec. 2003=100).......................... 27.643 147.6 156.7 -12.0 -1.1 1.4 -7.8 6.2

Asia.................................................. 61.096 155.5 138.3 -44.3 -3.2 2.2 3.2 -11.1

Outbound Air Freight............................... 100.000 168.6 173.3 -20.2 -4.9 3.0 -6.4 2.8

Europe (Dec. 2003=100).......................... 30.621 172.6 180.8 -8.1 -3.1 -0.1 2.1 4.8

Asia.................................................. 51.855 175.4 178.8 -26.3 -7.1 5.9 -12.3 1.9

Air Passenger Fares

Import Air Passenger Fares....................... 100.000 184.2 158.2 -8.0 8.0 10.0 -9.2 -14.1

Europe............................................... 47.228 215.3 175.7 -1.1 14.5 11.6 -11.0 -18.4

Asia.................................................. 5.930 186.2 165.8 -16.3 6.3 7.6 -6.4 -11.0

Latin America/Caribbean.......................... 15.620 158.3 142.6 -4.9 -9.5 6.3 -1.7 -9.9

Export Air Passenger Fares....................... 100.000 206.3 188.1 -6.4 -5.5 9.3 4.2 -8.8

Europe............................................... 22.495 271.0 235.8 6.6 5.8 17.8 3.1 -13.0

Asia.................................................. 11.852 223.2 223.6 -6.1 3.7 6.7 3.9 0.2

Latin America/Caribbean.......................... 52.413 201.7 182.2 -8.8 -13.0 7.6 4.3 -9.7

1 Relative importance figures are based on 2021 trade values.

NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication.

Dash = Not available

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TECHNICAL NOTE

Import and Export Goods and Services Price Indexes - All indexes use a modified Laspeyres 

formula and are not seasonally adjusted. Price indexes are reweighted annually, with a 2-year lag in the 

weights. Published series use a base year of 2000=100 where possible. More detailed index series and 

additional information may be obtained at www.bls.gov/mxp or by calling (202) 691-7101. 

Merchandise Goods Classification Systems - The merchandise price indexes are published using three 

classification systems. Items are classified by end use according to the Bureau of Economic Analysis 

Classification System, by industry according to the North American Industry Classification System 

(NAICS), and by product category according to the Harmonized System (HS). While classification by 

end use and product category are self-explanatory, some notes are in order for classifying items by 

industry. In the NAICS imports and exports tables, items are classified by output industry, not input 

industry. As an example, NAICS import index 326 (plastics and rubber products manufacturing) 

includes outputs such as manufactured plastic rather than inputs such as petroleum. The NAICS 

classification structure also matches the classification system used by the Producer Price Index (PPI) to 

produce the NAICS primary products indexes.

Import Price Goods Indexes - Items are classified by the Harmonized Tariff Schedule of the United 

States Annotated (TSUSA). Import prices are based on U.S. dollar prices paid by the U.S. importer. The 

prices are generally either "free on board" (f.o.b.) foreign port or "cost, insurance, and freight" (c.i.f.) 

U.S. port transaction prices, depending on the practices of the individual industry. The index for crude 

petroleum is calculated from data collected by the U.S. Department of Energy. 

Export Price Goods Indexes - Items are classified by the Harmonized Schedule B classification system 

of the U.S. Bureau of the Census. The prices used are generally either "free alongside ship" (f.a.s.) 

factory or "free on board" (f.o.b.) transaction prices, depending on the practices of the individual 

industry. Prices used in the grain index, excluding rice, are obtained from the U.S. Department of 

Agriculture. 

Services Price Indexes - Indexes for import and export air passenger fares calculate changes in the 

average revenue received per passenger by foreign carriers from U.S. residents and by U.S. carriers from 

foreign residents, respectively. Data are obtained from an airline consulting service and report on tickets 

sold by travel agencies, travel websites, and directly by the airlines. Taxes and fees are included in both 

the import and export air passenger fares indexes. Import air passenger fares data have used the airline 

consulting service source since September 2008. Before April 2018, the export air passenger fares data 

were collected directly by BLS from U.S. airlines. The air freight indexes are calculated from data 

collected directly from airlines. These data exclude mail and passenger baggage. The scope of the 

service being priced is the movement of freight from airport to airport only, and does not include any 

ground transportation or port service. The air freight indexes are presented using two definitions: 

balance of payments (which represents transactions between U.S. and foreign residents) and 

international (which represents transactions inbound to and outbound from the United States.) Fact 

sheets specifying detailed information for each services industry are available at www.bls.gov/mxp 

under "MXP Publications." 
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Import Price Indexes by Locality of Origin - Prices used in these indexes are a subset of the data 

collected for the import price indexes. The indexes are specific to a country, region, or grouping and, 

beginning with January 2002, are based on the North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 

covering goods-producing industries. Nonmanufactured goods are defined as NAICS 11 and 21, and 

manufactured goods are defined as NAICS 31-33. 

Export Price Indexes by Locality of Destination - Prices used in these indexes are a subset of the data 

collected for the export price indexes. The indexes are specific to a country, region, or grouping and are 

based on the North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) covering goods-producing 

industries. Nonmanufactured goods are defined as NAICS 11 and 21, and manufactured goods are 

defined as NAICS 31-33. 

Terms of Trade Indexes - Terms of trade indexes measure the relative price of exports in terms of 

import prices for a specific country, region, or grouping. The indexes are calculated as one country, 

region, or grouping’s all-export goods price index divided by the corresponding all-import goods price 

index on a scale of 100. 

 

Relative Importance - A relative importance is a specific index’s price-updated value share (expressed 

as a percentage) of overall imports or exports at a specific point in time. Relative importance values are 

affected by the trade weights at the point indexes are reweighted and index changes relative to other 

indexes since the reweight point. If an index is rising in value relative to other indexes over time, the 

relative importance will increase as well. 

Revision Policy - To reflect the availability of late reports and corrections by respondents, monthly data 

may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication. After 3 months, no further data 

revisions take place. For example, data first published in the January release will be subject to revision 

in the releases for February, March, and April. 

Rounding Policy - Index values are rounded to the tenth decimal place after being calculated. All 

percent changes are then derived from the rounded index values and subsequently rounded to the tenth 

decimal place. 

Uses of the Data - The primary use of the indexes is to deflate trade statistics, notably the foreign trade 

sector of the National Income and Product Accounts (NIPA) constructed by the Department of 

Commerce. Other published indexes are useful for general market analysis. For trade in international 

services, balance of payments indexes are used for deflating NIPA, while international indexes are more 

appropriate for market analysis. 

Email Subscription - The U.S. import and export price indexes news release is available through an 

email subscription service at https://subscriptions.bls.gov/accounts/USDOLBLS/subscriber/new. 

 

Additional Information - More detailed data are available on the Import/Export Price Indexes home 

page at www.bls.gov/mxp. For import and export price indexes data requests, send an email to 

mxpinfo@bls.gov. 

If you are deaf, hard of hearing, or have a speech disability, please dial 7-1-1 to access 

telecommunications relay services.