For release 10:00 a.m. (EDT) Tuesday, March 22, 2016 USDL-16-0611 

Technical information: (202) 691-6378 • cpsinfo@bls.gov • www.bls.gov/cps

Media contact: (202) 691-5902 • PressOffice@bls.gov 

EMPLOYMENT SITUATION OF VETERANS — 2015

The unemployment rate for veterans who served on active duty in the U.S. Armed Forces at any time 

since September 2001—a group referred to as Gulf War-era II veterans—declined by 1.4 percentage 

points over the year to 5.8 percent in 2015, the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today. The 

jobless rate for all veterans, at 4.6 percent, also declined from a year earlier. About 33 percent of Gulf 

War-era II veterans reported having a service-connected disability in August 2015, compared with 20 

percent of all veterans.

This information was obtained from the Current Population Survey (CPS), a monthly sample survey of 

about 60,000 households that provides data on employment and unemployment in the United States. 

Data about veterans are collected monthly in the CPS; those monthly data are the source of the 2015 

annual averages presented in this news release. In August 2015, a supplement to the CPS collected 

additional information about veterans on topics such as service-connected disability and veterans’ 

current or past Reserve or National Guard membership. Information from the supplement is also 

presented in this release. The supplement was co-sponsored by the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs 

and by the U.S. Department of Labor’s Veterans’ Employment and Training Service. For more 

information, see the Technical Note, which provides definitions of terms used in this release. 

Estimates from the August 2015 veterans supplement shown in tables 7 through 10 of this release reflect 

a change in the weighting methodology. See the note on page 5 for more information.

Highlights from the 2015 data: 

• The unemployment rate for male veterans overall was lower than the rate for female veterans in 

2015. The unemployment rate for male veterans declined to 4.5 percent. The rate for female 

veterans changed little at 5.4 percent. (See table A.)

• Among the 495,000 unemployed veterans in 2015, 57 percent were age 45 and over. About 37 

percent were age 25 to 44, and 5 percent were age 18 to 24. (See table 2A.) 

• Veterans with a service-connected disability had an unemployment rate of 5.4 percent in August 

2015, not statistically different from veterans with no disability. (See table 7.) 

• More than 1 in 3 employed veterans with a service-connected disability worked in the public 

sector in August 2015, compared with about 1 in 5 veterans with no disability. (See table 8.) 
- 2 - 

• In 2015, the unemployment rate of veterans varied across the country, ranging from 1.9 percent 

in Iowa to 7.7 percent in the District of Columbia. (See table 6A.) 

The Veteran Population

In 2015, 21.2 million men and women were veterans, accounting for about 9 percent of the civilian 

noninstitutional population age 18 and over. In the survey, veterans are defined as men and women who 

have previously served on active duty in the U.S. Armed Forces and who were civilians at the time these 

data were collected. Veterans are more likely to be men and older than nonveterans. In part, this reflects 

the characteristics of veterans who served during World War II, the Korean War, and the Vietnam era. 

Veterans who served during these wartime periods accounted for 42 percent (8.9 million) of the total 

veteran population in 2015. One-third of veterans (7.0 million) served during Gulf War era I (August 

1990 to August 2001) or Gulf War era II (September 2001 forward). Another quarter (5.3 million) 

served outside the designated wartime periods. About 9 percent of all veterans are women. (See table 1.) 

Gulf War-era II Veterans

In 2015, there were 3.6 million veterans who had served during Gulf War era II. Eighteen percent of 

these veterans were women, compared with about 4 percent of veterans from World War II, the Korean 

War, and the Vietnam era. Nearly half of all Gulf War-era II veterans were between the ages of 25 and 

34. (See tables 1 and 2A.) 

Among Gulf War-era II veterans, the unemployment rate for men was not statistically different from the 

rate for women in 2015. The unemployment rate for men was 5.7 percent in 2015, down from 6.9 

percent in 2014. The unemployment rate for women, at 6.4 percent in 2015, was not statistically 

different from the prior year (8.5 percent). (See table A.) 

The unemployment rate for male Gulf War-era II veterans (5.7 percent) was little different than the rate 

for male nonveterans (5.3 percent) in 2015. For most age groups, unemployment rates of male veterans 

and nonveterans were not statistically different. Among men age 25 to 34, Gulf War-era II veterans had 

a higher unemployment rate (6.8 percent) than did nonveterans (5.4 percent). Among men age 45 to 54, 

however, Gulf War-era II veterans had a lower unemployment rate (2.6 percent) than did nonveterans 

(3.7 percent). (See table 2B.)

Among women, the unemployment rate for Gulf War-era II veterans (6.4 percent) was not statistically 

different from the rate for nonveterans (5.0 percent) in 2015. By age, unemployment rates for female 

veterans and nonveterans were similar. (See table 2C.)

A higher proportion of employed Gulf War-era II veterans worked in the public sector in 2015 than 

employed nonveterans—26 percent and 14 percent, respectively. Among the employed, 14 percent of 

Gulf War-era II veterans worked for the federal government, compared with 2 percent of nonveterans. 

(See table 5.)

In August 2015, 46 percent of Gulf War-era II veterans reported serving in Iraq, Afghanistan, or both 

locations. These veterans had an unemployment rate of 4.4 percent, not statistically different from Gulf 

War-era II veterans who served elsewhere (5.5 percent). (Beginning with data for August 2015, these 

estimates from the veterans supplement reflect a change in the weighting methodology; see the note on 

page 5.) (See table 10.) 
- 3 - 

Gulf War-era I Veterans

Of the 3.4 million veterans who served during Gulf War era I (August 1990 to August 2001), the 

proportion who were women (15 percent in 2015) was similar to that of Gulf War-era II veterans 

(18 percent). Almost all (97 percent) Gulf War-era I veterans were age 35 and over in 2015, compared 

with 46 percent of Gulf War-era II veterans. (See tables 1 and 2A.)

In 2015, the unemployment rate for male Gulf War-era I veterans was 3.5 percent, lower than the rate 

for their Gulf War-era II veteran counterparts (5.7 percent). The difference in the unemployment rates 

reflects, at least in part, the older age profile of veterans who served during Gulf War era I. Younger 

people—whether veterans or nonveterans—tend to have higher unemployment rates than older people. 

Among women, the rates for Gulf War-era I veterans (5.5 percent) and Gulf War-era II veterans 

(6.4 percent) were not statistically different. (See tables 2B and 2C.) 

Veterans of Other Service Periods

In 2015, 5.3 million veterans had served on active duty during "other service periods," mainly between 

the Korean War and the Vietnam era and between the Vietnam era and Gulf War era I. All veterans for 

this period of service were 40 years or older at the time of the survey. Thirty percent of these veterans 

were age 45 to 54 in 2015, another 29 percent were age 55 to 64, and another 40 percent were age 65 

and over. (See table 2A.)

In 2015, 9 in 10 veterans of other service periods were men. Among veterans of other service periods, 

the unemployment rate for men was 4.5 percent, higher than the rate of 3.3 percent for women. 

(See table 1.)

Veterans with a Service-connected Disability 

In August 2015, about 4.3 million veterans, or 20 percent of the total, had a service-connected disability. 

(Beginning with data for August 2015, these estimates from the veterans supplement reflect a change in 

the weighting methodology. This change resulted in a higher estimate of veterans with a serviceconnected disability than in past years. See the note on page 5 for more information about the change in 

methodology.) Veterans with a service-connected disability are assigned a disability rating by the U.S. 

Department of Veterans Affairs or the U.S. Department of Defense. Ratings range from 0 to 100 

percent, in increments of 10 percentage points, depending on the severity of the condition. (See table 7.) 

The unemployment rate for veterans with a service-connected disability was 5.4 percent in August 2015, 

not statistically different from those with no disability (4.3 percent). The labor force participation rate 

for veterans with a service-connected disability (45.8 percent) was lower than the rate for those with no 

disability (51.2 percent). 

Among veterans with a service-connected disability, about 29 percent reported a disability rating of less 

than 30 percent, while another 37 percent had a rating of 60 percent or higher. In August 2015, veterans 

with a service-connected disability rating of less than 30 percent were much more likely to be in the 

labor force than those with a rating of 60 percent or higher (53.6 percent and 30.7 percent, respectively). 

The unemployment rate for veterans with a disability rating of less than 30 percent was 4.0 percent, 

much lower than for those with a disability rating of 60 percent or higher (9.6 percent). 
- 4 - 

Among veterans who served during Gulf War era II, about 1 in 3 (1.2 million) reported having a serviceconnected disability. Of these, 73.2 percent were in the labor force in August 2015, lower than the 87.3 

percent for veterans from this period with no service-connected disability. Among Gulf War-era II 

veterans, the unemployment rate of those with a service-connected disability was 5.5 percent, not 

statistically different from those with no disability (4.8 percent).

In August 2015, about a quarter (853,000) of veterans who served during Gulf War era I reported a 

service-connected disability. Their labor force participation rate (68.8 percent) was lower than the rate 

for veterans from the era who did not have a disability (87.2 percent). The unemployment rate for Gulf 

War-era I veterans with a service-connected disability was not statistically different than that for Gulf 

War-era I veterans without a service-connected disability. 

Among the 1.7 million veterans with a service-connected disability from World War II, the Korean War, 

and the Vietnam era, 13.2 percent were in the labor force in August 2015, lower than the 26.8 percent of 

veterans from these periods who did not have a service-connected disability. The unemployment rate of 

veterans with a disability from these wartime periods was 6.1 percent, not statistically different from 

their counterparts with no disability (4.2 percent). 

About 11 percent of veterans who served during other service periods reported a service-connected 

disability in August 2015. Neither the labor force participation rate nor the unemployment rate for these 

veterans were different from their counterparts without a service-connected disability.

Regardless of period of service, many veterans with a service-connected disability worked in the public 

sector. In August 2015, 36 percent of employed veterans with a disability worked in federal, state, or 

local government, compared with 20 percent of veterans with no disability and 13 percent of 

nonveterans. Among the employed, 25 percent of veterans with a disability worked for the federal 

government, compared with 7 percent of veterans with no disability and 2 percent of nonveterans. 

(See table 8.)

Reserve and National Guard Membership

In August 2015, 35 percent of Gulf War-era veterans (August 1990 to present) were reported to be 

current or past members of the Reserve or National Guard. (Beginning with data for August 2015, these 

estimates from the veterans supplement reflect a change in the weighting methodology. This resulted in 

more veterans counted among Reserve or National Guard members than in past years. See the note on 

page 5 for more information about the change in methodology.) Labor force participation rates were not 

statistically different for veterans who were current or past members of the Reserve or National Guard 

compared with veterans who were never members. Among Gulf War-era II veterans, those who were 

current or past members of the Reserve or National Guard had a lower unemployment rate than those 

who had never been members (3.5 percent and 6.2 percent, respectively). For veterans of Gulf War era I, 

unemployment rates were similar for members and nonmembers. (See table 9.)
- 5 - 

Change in the weighting methodology for August 2015 veterans supplement data 

Beginning with data for August 2015, estimates from the veterans supplement reflect a change in the 

weighting methodology. The veterans supplement data in this release use a weight that accounts for 

supplement nonresponse—that is, people who completed the supplement are weighted to represent those 

who did not respond to the supplement at all. This methodology is consistent with how data for many 

other supplements to the Current Population Survey (CPS) are weighted. 

The change in the weighting methodology resulted in only minor differences in the number of veterans 

overall and by period of service. The impact of the new weighting methodology on unemployment rates 

and other ratios was negligible. There was no statistical difference in these rates as calculated under the 

old or new weighting methodology. 

The biggest impact of the change in the weighting methodology was to greatly reduce the number of 

people in the “did not report” category for items like the presence of a service-connected disability, 

membership in the Reserve or National Guard, and location of service for Gulf War-era II veterans. As a 

result, estimates of the number of veterans in other categories for these items increased. For example, 

under the former weighting methodology about 16 percent of veterans had a service-connected 

disability, compared with 20 percent under the new methodology. While much lower, there are still a 

relatively small number of veterans in the “did not report” categories because a small number of people 

responded to some, but not all, of the questions in the supplement. The effect of the change in the 

weighting methodology is shown in the comparison table on the next page. 

This change in the weighting methodology affects only the data for veterans from the August 2015 

veterans supplement shown in tables 7 through 10 in this news release. The annual averages displayed in 

table A and tables 1 through 6B, which are based on the monthly CPS, are not affected. Data for 

nonveterans are not affected. Data from the August 2015 veterans supplement are not strictly 

comparable to data from veteran supplements in prior years. 
- 6 - 

Comparison table. Effect of the change in weighting methodology on estimates of veterans

from the August 2015 veterans supplement

[Numbers in thousands]

New methodology Former methodology

(supplement weight) (basic monthly weight)

Civilian

noninstitutional

population

Percent 

distribution

Civilian

noninstitutional

population

Percent 

distribution

Civilian

noninstitutional

population

Percent 

distribution1

Total veterans, 18 years and over 21,170 100.0 21,171 100.0 -1 0.0

With service-connected disability 4,309 20.4 3,485 16.5 824 3.9

Less than 30 percent disability rating 1,239 5.9 1,000 4.7 239 1.1

30 to 50 percent disability rating 1,041 4.9 842 4.0 199 0.9

60 percent or higher disability rating 1,595 7.5 1,291 6.1 304 1.4

Disability rating not reported 434 2.1 352 1.7 82 0.4

Without service-connected disability 16,310 77.0 13,221 62.4 3,089 14.6

Presence of disability not reported 551 2.6 4,465 21.1 -3,914 -18.5

Total, Gulf War-era veterans 7,059 100.0 7,060 100.0 -1 0.0

Current or past member of Reserve or National Guard 2,470 35.0 1,954 27.7 516 7.3

Never a member of Reserve or National Guard 4,363 61.8 3,459 49.0 904 12.8

Reserve or National Guard membership not reported 226 3.2 1,647 23.3 -1,421 -20.1

Total, Gulf War-era II veterans 3,609 100.0 3,581 100.0 28 0.0

Served in Iraq, Afghanistan, or both 1,665 46.1 1,304 36.4 361 9.7

Served in Iraq 1,412 39.1 1,109 31.0 303 8.2

Served in Afghanistan 643 17.8 507 14.2 136 3.7

Served in both locations 390 10.8 312 8.7 78 2.1

Served elsewhere 1,944 53.9 1,508 42.1 436 11.8

Location of service not reported 0 0.0 769 21.5 -769 -21.5

1 Differences are calculated from unrounded estimates.

NOTE: Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding.

Characteristic

Difference
Table A. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population 18 years and over by veteran status,

period of service, and sex, 2014-2015 annual averages

[Numbers in thousands]

Veteran status and period of service

2014 2015

Total Men Women Total Men Women

TOTAL VETERANS

Civilian noninstitutional population................................... 21,229 19,023 2,206 21,209 19,212 1,997

Civilian labor force.................................................. 10,744 9,358 1,386 10,757 9,517 1,241

Participation rate.................................................. 50.6 49.2 62.8 50.7 49.5 62.1

Employed.......................................................... 10,171 8,868 1,303 10,263 9,089 1,174

Employment-population ratio................................. 47.9 46.6 59.0 48.4 47.3 58.8

Unemployed....................................................... 573 490 83 495 428 67

Unemployment rate............................................ 5.3 5.2 6.0 4.6 4.5 5.4

Not in labor force.................................................... 10,485 9,664 821 10,452 9,695 757

Gulf War-era II veterans

Civilian noninstitutional population................................... 3,185 2,549 635 3,594 2,959 635

Civilian labor force.................................................. 2,535 2,096 439 2,913 2,462 451

Participation rate.................................................. 79.6 82.2 69.2 81.0 83.2 71.0

Employed.......................................................... 2,353 1,952 402 2,745 2,322 422

Employment-population ratio................................. 73.9 76.6 63.3 76.4 78.5 66.4

Unemployed....................................................... 182 144 37 168 140 29

Unemployment rate............................................ 7.2 6.9 8.5 5.8 5.7 6.4

Not in labor force.................................................... 649 453 196 681 497 184

NONVETERANS

Civilian noninstitutional population................................... 217,820 96,213 121,607 220,740 97,380 123,360

Civilian labor force.................................................. 143,207 72,565 70,641 144,385 73,107 71,278

Participation rate.................................................. 65.7 75.4 58.1 65.4 75.1 57.8

Employed.......................................................... 134,589 68,095 66,494 136,947 69,243 67,704

Employment-population ratio................................. 61.8 70.8 54.7 62.0 71.1 54.9

Unemployed....................................................... 8,618 4,470 4,148 7,439 3,864 3,574

Unemployment rate............................................ 6.0 6.2 5.9 5.2 5.3 5.0

Not in labor force.................................................... 74,613 23,647 50,966 76,355 24,273 52,082

NOTE: Veterans are men and women who served on active duty in the U.S. Armed Forces and were not on active duty at the time of the survey. Gulf

War-era II veterans served on active duty anywhere in the world sometime since September 2001. Nonveterans never served on active duty in the

U.S. Armed Forces.
Technical Note

The data in this release were collected through the 

Current Population Survey (CPS). The CPS—a monthly 

survey of about 60,000 eligible households conducted by the 

U.S. Census Bureau for the Bureau of Labor Statistics—

obtains information on employment and unemployment 

among the nation's civilian noninstitutional population age 

16 and over.

Most of the data in this release are annual averages for 

2015, compiled from the results of the monthly survey. In 

August 2015, a supplement to the CPS collected additional 

information about veterans on topics such as serviceconnected disability, veterans' Reserve or National Guard 

status, and veterans who served in Iraq and/or Afghanistan. 

The supplement was co-sponsored by the U.S. Department 

of Veterans Affairs and by the U.S. Department of Labor's 

Veterans' Employment and Training Service. Questions were 

asked of persons 17 years of age and older regarding their 

prior service in the U.S. Armed Forces. Data are tabulated 

for persons 18 years of age and older.

Information in this release will be made available to 

sensory impaired individuals upon request. Voice phone: 

(202) 691-5200; Federal Relay Service: (800) 877-8339.

Definitions

The definitions underlying the data in this release are 

as follows:

Veterans are men and women who previously served 

on active duty in the U.S. Armed Forces and who were 

civilians at the time they were surveyed. Members of the 

Reserve and National Guard are counted as veterans if they 

had ever been called to active duty. Persons who are on 

active duty at the time of the survey are outside the scope of 

the survey and thus not in the estimates shown here, as are 

persons who reside in institutions, such as nursing homes and 

prisons.

Nonveterans are men and women who never served on 

active duty in the U.S. Armed Forces.

World War II, Korean War, Vietnam-era, and Gulf 

War-era veterans are men and women who served in the U.S. 

Armed Forces during these periods of service, regardless of 

where in the world they served. Veterans who served in more 

than one wartime period are classified in the most recent one.

Veterans of other service periods are men and women 

who served in the U.S. Armed Forces at any time other than 

World War II, the Korean War, the Vietnam era, or the Gulf

War era. Although U.S. Armed Forces were engaged in 

several armed conflicts during other service periods, these 

conflicts were more limited in scope and included a smaller 

proportion of the Armed Forces than the selected wartime 

periods. Veterans who served during one of the selected 

wartime periods and during another period are classified in 

the wartime period.

Veteran status is obtained from responses to the 

question, "Did you ever serve on active duty in the U.S. 

Armed Forces?"

Period of service identifies when a veteran served in the 

Armed Forces, but not the location of their service. It is 

obtained from answers to the question asked of veterans, 

"When did you serve on active duty in the U.S. Armed 

Forces?" The following service periods are identified:

Gulf War era II — September 2001-present

Gulf War era I — August 1990-August 2001

Vietnam era — August 1964-April 1975

Korean War — July 1950-January 1955

World War II — December 1941-December 1946

Other service periods — All other time periods

Veterans could have served anywhere in the world 

during these periods of service. Veterans are counted only in

one period of service, their most recent wartime period.

Veterans who served in more than one wartime period are 

classified in the most recent one. Veterans who served in 

both a wartime period and any other service period are 

classified in the wartime period. The period-of-service

definitions are modified occasionally to reflect changes in 

law, regulations, and program needs of the survey sponsors.

Veterans who served in Iraq, Afghanistan, or both are 

individuals who served in Iraq at any time since March 2003, 

in Afghanistan at any time since October 2001, or in both 

locations. Service in Iraq or Afghanistan is determined by 

answers to two questions: "Did you serve in Iraq, off the 

coast of Iraq, or did you fly missions over Iraq at any time 

since March 2003?" and "Did you serve in Afghanistan, or 

did you fly missions over Afghanistan, at any time since 

October 2001?" 

Presence of service-connected disability is determined 

by answers to the question, "Has the Department of Veterans 

Affairs (VA) or Department of Defense (DoD) determined 

that you have a service-connected disability, that is, a health 

condition or impairment caused or made worse by any of 

your military service?"

Service-connected disability rating is based on answers 

to the question, "What is your current service-connected 

disability rating?" Answers can range from 0 to 100 percent, 

in increments of 10 percentage points. Ratings are 

determined by the VA or DoD from a rating schedule 

published in the Code of Federal Regulations, Title 38, 

"Pensions, Bonuses, and Veterans' Relief," Part 4—

"Schedule for Rating Disabilities." The rating schedule is 

"primarily a guide in the evaluation of disability resulting 

from all types of diseases and injuries encountered as a result 

of or incident to military service. The percentage ratings 

represent as far as can practicably be determined the average 

impairment in earning capacity resulting from such diseases 

and injuries and their residual conditions in civil 
occupations." Part 4 contains a listing of hundreds of possible 

disorders and assigns ratings of 0 through 100 percent, with 

instructions for rating multiple disorders.

Reserve and National Guard membership refers only to 

Gulf War-era veterans who are current or past members of 

the Reserve or National Guard. Members of the Reserve and 

National Guard are counted as veterans if they had ever been 

called to active duty. These data do not refer to all persons 

who may have ever served in the Reserve or National Guard.

Reserve or National Guard status is obtained from answers 

to two questions. Gulf War-era veterans were asked: "Was 

any of your active service the result of a call-up from the 

Reserve or National Guard?" If the answer was no, they were 

asked, "Have you ever been a member of the Reserve or 

National Guard?" A 'yes' response to either question 

classified persons as "Current or past member of the Reserve 

or National Guard." A 'no' response to the latter question 

classified persons as "Never a member of the Reserve or 

National Guard." 

Reliability of the estimates

Statistics based on the CPS are subject to both sampling 

and nonsampling error. When a sample, rather than the entire 

population, is surveyed, there is a chance that the sample 

estimates will differ from the true population values they

represent. The component of this difference that occurs 

because samples differ by chance is known as sampling 

error, and its variability is measured by the standard error of 

the estimate. There is about a 90-percent chance, or level of 

confidence, that an estimate based on a sample will differ by 

no more than 1.6 standard errors from the true population 

value because of sampling error. BLS analyses are generally 

conducted at the 90-percent level of confidence.

The CPS data also are affected by nonsampling error. 

Nonsampling error can occur for many reasons, including the 

failure to sample a segment of the population, the inability to 

obtain information for all respondents in the sample, the 

inability or unwillingness of respondents to provide correct 

information, and errors made in the collection or processing 

of the data.

Information about the reliability of national data from 

the CPS and estimating standard errors is available at

www.bls.gov/cps/documentation.htm#reliability. 

For a discussion of the reliability of state estimates 

from the CPS, such as those in tables 6A and 6B of this 

release, see www.bls.gov/opub/gp/gpapndb.htm. 

Comparability of the estimates

 Beginning with data for August 2015, estimates from 

the veterans supplement shown in tables 7 through 10 of this 

release reflect a change in the weighting methodology. As a 

result of this change, the August 2015 estimates of the 

number of veterans with a service-connected disability, 

veteran Reserve or National Guard members, and veterans 

who served in Iraq or Afghanistan were higher than in 

previous years. The supplement data presented in this release 

are not strictly comparable with data for earlier years due to

the change. See the note on page 5 for more information 

about the change in weighting methodology.
Table 1. Employment status of persons 18 years and over by veteran status, period of service, sex, race, and

Hispanic or Latino ethnicity, 2015 annual averages

[Numbers in thousands]

Veteran status, period of service,

sex, race, and Hispanic or Latino ethnicity

Civilian

noninstitutional

population

Civilian labor force

Not in

labor

force Total

Percent

of

population

Employed Unemployed

Total

Percent

of

population

Total

Percent

of

labor

force

TOTAL

Total, 18 years and over................................. 241,949 155,143 64.1 147,209 60.8 7,933 5.1 86,807

Veterans................................................. 21,209 10,757 50.7 10,263 48.4 495 4.6 10,452

Gulf War era, total.................................. 7,035 5,681 80.8 5,407 76.9 274 4.8 1,354

Gulf War era II.................................... 3,594 2,913 81.0 2,745 76.4 168 5.8 681

Gulf War era I..................................... 3,440 2,768 80.4 2,662 77.4 105 3.8 673

WW II, Korean War, and Vietnam era............ 8,901 2,350 26.4 2,248 25.3 102 4.3 6,551

Other service periods............................... 5,273 2,726 51.7 2,608 49.5 119 4.4 2,547

Nonveterans............................................ 220,740 144,385 65.4 136,947 62.0 7,439 5.2 76,355

Men

Total, 18 years and over................................. 116,591 82,624 70.9 78,332 67.2 4,292 5.2 33,968

Veterans................................................. 19,212 9,517 49.5 9,089 47.3 428 4.5 9,695

Gulf War era, total.................................. 5,870 4,840 82.5 4,617 78.6 224 4.6 1,030

Gulf War era II.................................... 2,959 2,462 83.2 2,322 78.5 140 5.7 497

Gulf War era I..................................... 2,911 2,378 81.7 2,294 78.8 84 3.5 533

WW II, Korean War, and Vietnam era............ 8,585 2,264 26.4 2,168 25.3 96 4.2 6,320

Other service periods............................... 4,756 2,412 50.7 2,303 48.4 108 4.5 2,345

Nonveterans............................................ 97,380 73,107 75.1 69,243 71.1 3,864 5.3 24,273

Women

Total, 18 years and over................................. 125,358 72,519 57.8 68,878 54.9 3,641 5.0 52,839

Veterans................................................. 1,997 1,241 62.1 1,174 58.8 67 5.4 757

Gulf War era, total.................................. 1,164 840 72.2 790 67.8 50 6.0 324

Gulf War era II.................................... 635 451 71.0 422 66.4 29 6.4 184

Gulf War era I..................................... 529 389 73.6 368 69.5 21 5.5 140

WW II, Korean War, and Vietnam era............ 317 86 27.2 80 25.3 6 6.8 231

Other service periods............................... 516 314 60.9 304 58.9 10 3.3 202

Nonveterans............................................ 123,360 71,278 57.8 67,704 54.9 3,574 5.0 52,082

White

Total, 18 years and over................................. 190,329 122,028 64.1 116,625 61.3 5,402 4.4 68,302

Veterans................................................. 17,822 8,770 49.2 8,416 47.2 353 4.0 9,053

Gulf War era, total.................................. 5,483 4,474 81.6 4,282 78.1 192 4.3 1,009

Gulf War era II.................................... 2,847 2,328 81.8 2,208 77.6 119 5.1 519

Gulf War era I..................................... 2,637 2,146 81.4 2,074 78.6 73 3.4 490

WW II, Korean War, and Vietnam era............ 7,932 2,096 26.4 2,019 25.4 77 3.7 5,837

Other service periods............................... 4,407 2,200 49.9 2,115 48.0 84 3.8 2,207

Nonveterans............................................ 172,507 113,258 65.7 108,209 62.7 5,049 4.5 59,249

Black or African American

Total, 18 years and over................................. 30,112 19,144 63.6 17,365 57.7 1,779 9.3 10,969

Veterans................................................. 2,475 1,437 58.1 1,328 53.7 110 7.6 1,038

Gulf War era, total.................................. 1,109 856 77.2 793 71.5 64 7.4 252

Gulf War era II.................................... 515 398 77.3 361 70.1 37 9.3 117

Gulf War era I..................................... 594 458 77.2 432 72.7 27 5.8 135

WW II, Korean War, and Vietnam era............ 706 181 25.7 162 23.0 19 10.7 524

Other service periods............................... 660 399 60.5 373 56.5 26 6.6 261

Nonveterans............................................ 27,638 17,706 64.1 16,037 58.0 1,669 9.4 9,931

Asian

Total, 18 years and over................................. 13,885 8,922 64.3 8,587 61.8 335 3.8 4,963

Veterans................................................. 301 192 63.6 186 61.7 6 3.1 110

Gulf War era, total.................................. 150 123 81.7 120 79.9 3 2.2 28

Gulf War era II.................................... 85 66 78.3 65 76.6 1 2.1 18

Gulf War era I..................................... 66 57 86.1 55 84.2 1 2.3 9
Table 1. Employment status of persons 18 years and over by veteran status, period of service, sex, race, and

Hispanic or Latino ethnicity, 2015 annual averages — Continued

[Numbers in thousands]

Veteran status, period of service,

sex, race, and Hispanic or Latino ethnicity

Civilian

noninstitutional

population

Civilian labor force

Not in

labor

force Total

Percent

of

population

Employed Unemployed

Total

Percent

of

population

Total

Percent

of

labor

force

WW II, Korean War, and Vietnam era............ 89 31 34.5 29 33.2 1 – 58

Other service periods............................... 62 38 61.6 36 58.0 2 5.8 24

Nonveterans............................................ 13,583 8,730 64.3 8,401 61.8 329 3.8 4,853

Hispanic or Latino ethnicity

Total, 18 years and over................................. 37,504 25,678 68.5 24,031 64.1 1,647 6.4 11,826

Veterans................................................. 1,468 958 65.3 899 61.2 60 6.2 509

Gulf War era, total.................................. 773 638 82.6 598 77.3 41 6.4 135

Gulf War era II.................................... 493 406 82.3 379 77.0 26 6.5 87

Gulf War era I..................................... 280 233 83.1 218 77.9 15 6.3 47

WW II, Korean War, and Vietnam era............ 381 122 32.1 119 31.1 4 3.0 259

Other service periods............................... 314 198 63.0 183 58.2 15 7.5 116

Nonveterans............................................ 36,036 24,720 68.6 23,132 64.2 1,588 6.4 11,317

NOTE: Veterans are men and women who served on active duty in the U.S. Armed Forces and were not on active duty at the time of the survey.

Nonveterans never served on active duty in the U.S. Armed Forces. Veterans could have served anywhere in the world during these periods of

service: Gulf War era II (September 2001-present), Gulf War era I (August 1990-August 2001), Vietnam era (August 1964-April 1975), Korean War

(July 1950-January 1955), World War II (December 1941-December 1946), and other service periods (all other time periods). Veterans are counted in

only one period of service, their most recent wartime period. Veterans who served in more than one wartime period are classified in the most recent

one. Veterans who served in both a wartime period and any other service period are classified in the wartime period. Estimates for the above race

groups (white, black or African American, and Asian) do not sum to totals because data are not presented for all races. Persons whose ethnicity is

identified as Hispanic or Latino may be of any race. Dash indicates no data or data that do not meet publication criteria (values not shown where

base is less than 35,000).
Table 2A. Employment status of persons 18 years and over by veteran status, age, and period of service, 2015

annual averages

[Numbers in thousands]

Veteran status, age, and period of service

Civilian

noninstitutional

population

Civilian labor force

Not in

labor

Total force

Percent

of

population

Employed Unemployed

Total Percent of

population Total Percent of

labor force

TOTAL VETERANS

Total, 18 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21,209 10,757 50.7 10,263 48.4 495 4.6 10,452

18 to 24 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 264 199 75.3 173 65.6 26 13.0 65

25 to 34 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,764 1,457 82.6 1,356 76.9 101 6.9 307

35 to 44 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,332 2,020 86.6 1,936 83.1 83 4.1 312

45 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,334 2,779 83.4 2,684 80.5 95 3.4 554

55 to 64 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,871 2,382 61.5 2,270 58.6 112 4.7 1,489

65 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9,645 1,921 19.9 1,843 19.1 77 4.0 7,724

Gulf War era, total

Total, 18 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7,035 5,681 80.8 5,407 76.9 274 4.8 1,354

18 to 24 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 264 199 75.3 173 65.6 26 13.0 65

25 to 34 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,764 1,457 82.6 1,356 76.9 101 6.9 307

35 to 44 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,274 1,970 86.6 1,888 83.0 83 4.2 304

45 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,759 1,492 84.8 1,448 82.3 44 3.0 267

55 to 64 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 740 502 67.8 484 65.5 17 3.4 238

65 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 234 61 26.1 58 24.8 3 5.0 173

Gulf War era II

Total, 18 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,594 2,913 81.0 2,745 76.4 168 5.8 681

18 to 24 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 264 199 75.3 173 65.6 26 13.0 65

25 to 34 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,669 1,381 82.7 1,287 77.1 94 6.8 288

35 to 44 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 829 700 84.5 672 81.1 28 4.0 129

45 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 565 469 83.1 456 80.7 14 2.9 95

55 to 64 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 210 144 68.7 138 65.8 6 4.3 66

65 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58 19 33.9 19 32.3 1 – 38

Gulf War era I

Total, 25 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,440 2,768 80.4 2,662 77.4 105 3.8 673

25 to 34 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95 76 80.4 69 72.4 8 9.9 19

35 to 44 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,446 1,270 87.9 1,216 84.1 54 4.3 175

45 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,194 1,023 85.6 992 83.1 30 3.0 171

55 to 64 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 530 357 67.4 346 65.4 11 3.1 173

65 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 176 41 23.5 39 22.3 2 5.2 135

WW II, Korean War, and Vietnam era

Total, 55 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8,901 2,350 26.4 2,248 25.3 102 4.3 6,551

55 to 64 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,580 818 51.8 776 49.1 42 5.1 762

65 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7,321 1,532 20.9 1,472 20.1 60 3.9 5,789

Other service periods

Total, 35 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,273 2,726 51.7 2,608 49.5 119 4.4 2,547

35 to 44 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57 50 86.9 49 85.4 1 1.7 8

45 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,575 1,287 81.7 1,236 78.5 51 4.0 288

55 to 64 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,551 1,062 68.4 1,009 65.1 52 4.9 489

65 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,090 328 15.7 313 15.0 14 4.4 1,762

TOTAL NONVETERANS

Total, 18 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 220,740 144,385 65.4 136,947 62.0 7,439 5.2 76,355

18 to 24 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29,474 19,037 64.6 16,959 57.5 2,078 10.9 10,438

25 to 34 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41,007 33,190 80.9 31,386 76.5 1,803 5.4 7,818

35 to 44 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37,369 30,583 81.8 29,316 78.4 1,267 4.1 6,786

45 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39,303 31,123 79.2 29,959 76.2 1,164 3.7 8,180

55 to 64 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36,725 23,574 64.2 22,706 61.8 869 3.7 13,151

65 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36,862 6,879 18.7 6,621 18.0 258 3.7 29,984

NOTE: Veterans are men and women who served on active duty in the U.S. Armed Forces and were not on active duty at the time of the survey. Nonveterans never

served on active duty in the U.S. Armed Forces. Veterans could have served anywhere in the world during these periods of service: Gulf War era II (September

2001-present), Gulf War era I (August 1990-August 2001), Vietnam era (August 1964-April 1975), Korean War (July 1950-January 1955), World War II (December

1941-December 1946), and other service periods (all other time periods). Veterans are counted in only one period of service, their most recent wartime period. Veterans

who served in more than one wartime period are classified in the most recent one. Veterans who served in both a wartime period and any other service period are

classified in the wartime period. Dash indicates no data or data that do not meet publication criteria (values not shown where base is less than 35,000).
Table 2B. Employment status of men 18 years and over by veteran status, age, and period of service, 2015

annual averages

[Numbers in thousands]

Veteran status, age, and period of service

Civilian

noninstitutional

population

Civilian labor force

Not in

labor

Total force

Percent

of

population

Employed Unemployed

Total Percent of

population Total Percent of

labor force

VETERANS, MEN

Total, 18 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19,212 9,517 49.5 9,089 47.3 428 4.5 9,695

18 to 24 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 209 159 75.7 137 65.5 21 13.6 51

25 to 34 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,440 1,231 85.5 1,146 79.6 85 6.9 209

35 to 44 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,923 1,701 88.4 1,637 85.1 64 3.8 223

45 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,858 2,418 84.6 2,335 81.7 83 3.4 440

55 to 64 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,472 2,144 61.8 2,043 58.8 102 4.7 1,328

65 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9,309 1,864 20.0 1,791 19.2 74 4.0 7,444

Gulf War era, total

Total, 18 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,870 4,840 82.5 4,617 78.6 224 4.6 1,030

18 to 24 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 209 159 75.7 137 65.5 21 13.6 51

25 to 34 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,440 1,231 85.5 1,146 79.6 85 6.9 209

35 to 44 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,880 1,664 88.5 1,600 85.1 64 3.8 216

45 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,498 1,291 86.2 1,255 83.8 35 2.7 207

55 to 64 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 642 445 69.3 429 66.8 16 3.6 197

65 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 201 51 25.4 49 24.3 2 4.4 150

Gulf War era II

Total, 18 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,959 2,462 83.2 2,322 78.5 140 5.7 497

18 to 24 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 209 159 75.7 137 65.5 21 13.6 51

25 to 34 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,367 1,169 85.6 1,090 79.8 79 6.8 197

35 to 44 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 685 593 86.6 571 83.3 22 3.8 92

45 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 476 402 84.4 391 82.2 11 2.6 74

55 to 64 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 177 126 70.8 120 67.8 5 4.3 52

65 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44 13 29.6 13 28.3 1 – 31

Gulf War era I

Total, 25 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,911 2,378 81.7 2,294 78.8 84 3.5 533

25 to 34 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73 61 84.3 56 76.8 5 8.9 11

35 to 44 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,195 1,071 89.6 1,029 86.2 41 3.9 124

45 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,022 889 87.0 864 84.6 25 2.8 133

55 to 64 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 465 319 68.7 309 66.4 11 3.4 146

65 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 157 38 24.2 36 23.1 2 4.4 119

WW II, Korean War, and Vietnam era

Total, 55 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8,585 2,264 26.4 2,168 25.3 96 4.2 6,320

55 to 64 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,484 770 51.9 732 49.3 39 5.0 714

65 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7,100 1,494 21.0 1,437 20.2 57 3.8 5,606

Other service periods

Total, 35 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,756 2,412 50.7 2,303 48.4 108 4.5 2,345

35 to 44 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43 37 84.8 36 84.0 0 0.9 7

45 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,360 1,127 82.8 1,080 79.4 47 4.2 233

55 to 64 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,346 929 69.0 882 65.6 47 5.0 417

65 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,007 319 15.9 305 15.2 14 4.4 1,688

NONVETERANS, MEN

Total, 18 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97,380 73,107 75.1 69,243 71.1 3,864 5.3 24,273

18 to 24 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14,723 9,767 66.3 8,591 58.4 1,177 12.0 4,955

25 to 34 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19,703 17,545 89.1 16,600 84.3 946 5.4 2,157

35 to 44 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17,520 15,856 90.5 15,225 86.9 631 4.0 1,665

45 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17,980 15,475 86.1 14,909 82.9 566 3.7 2,505

55 to 64 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16,048 11,486 71.6 11,049 68.8 437 3.8 4,563

65 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11,406 2,978 26.1 2,870 25.2 108 3.6 8,428

NOTE: Veterans are men and women who served on active duty in the U.S. Armed Forces and were not on active duty at the time of the survey. Nonveterans never

served on active duty in the U.S. Armed Forces. Veterans could have served anywhere in the world during these periods of service: Gulf War era II (September

2001-present), Gulf War era I (August 1990-August 2001), Vietnam era (August 1964-April 1975), Korean War (July 1950-January 1955), World War II (December

1941-December 1946), and other service periods (all other time periods). Veterans are counted in only one period of service, their most recent wartime period. Veterans

who served in more than one wartime period are classified in the most recent one. Veterans who served in both a wartime period and any other service period are

classified in the wartime period. Dash indicates no data or data that do not meet publication criteria (values not shown where base is less than 35,000).
Table 2C. Employment status of women 18 years and over by veteran status, age, and period of service, 2015

annual averages

[Numbers in thousands]

Veteran status, age, and period of service

Civilian

noninstitutional

population

Civilian labor force

Not in

labor

Total force

Percent

of

population

Employed Unemployed

Total Percent of

population Total Percent of

labor force

VETERANS, WOMEN

Total, 18 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,997 1,241 62.1 1,174 58.8 67 5.4 757

18 to 24 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55 40 73.9 36 66.0 4 10.7 14

25 to 34 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 324 226 69.7 210 64.6 17 7.3 98

35 to 44 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 408 319 78.2 300 73.4 19 6.1 89

45 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 476 361 76.0 349 73.4 12 3.5 114

55 to 64 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 398 237 59.5 227 57.0 10 4.2 161

65 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 336 57 16.8 53 15.7 4 6.6 280

Gulf War era, total

Total, 18 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,164 840 72.2 790 67.8 50 6.0 324

18 to 24 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55 40 73.9 36 66.0 4 10.7 14

25 to 34 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 324 226 69.7 210 64.6 17 7.3 98

35 to 44 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 394 306 77.6 287 72.9 19 6.2 88

45 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 261 201 77.1 192 73.7 9 4.4 60

55 to 64 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97 57 58.0 55 56.9 1 1.8 41

65 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32 10 – 9 – 1 – 23

Gulf War era II

Total, 18 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 635 451 71.0 422 66.4 29 6.4 184

18 to 24 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55 40 73.9 36 66.0 4 10.7 14

25 to 34 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 302 212 69.9 197 65.1 14 6.8 91

35 to 44 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 143 106 74.3 101 70.2 6 5.4 37

45 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89 67 76.1 64 72.6 3 4.6 21

55 to 64 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33 19 – 18 – 1 – 14

65 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 6 – 6 – 0 – 7

Gulf War era I

Total, 25 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 529 389 73.6 368 69.5 21 5.5 140

25 to 34 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 15 – 13 – 2 – 7

35 to 44 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 251 200 79.6 187 74.3 13 6.6 51

45 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 172 134 77.6 128 74.3 6 4.3 39

55 to 64 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65 38 58.3 38 58.1 0 0.3 27

65 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 3 – 3 – 0 – 16

WW II, Korean War, and Vietnam era

Total, 55 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 317 86 27.2 80 25.3 6 6.8 231

55 to 64 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96 48 50.0 45 46.6 3 6.7 48

65 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 221 38 17.3 36 16.1 3 6.8 183

Other service periods

Total, 35 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 516 314 60.9 304 58.9 10 3.3 202

35 to 44 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 13 – 12 – 1 – 1

45 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 215 160 74.7 157 73.0 4 2.3 54

55 to 64 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 205 133 64.7 127 61.8 6 4.4 73

65 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83 9 10.3 8 10.0 0 – 74

NONVETERANS, WOMEN

Total, 18 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123,360 71,278 57.8 67,704 54.9 3,574 5.0 52,082

18 to 24 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14,751 9,269 62.8 8,368 56.7 901 9.7 5,482

25 to 34 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21,305 15,644 73.4 14,787 69.4 858 5.5 5,660

35 to 44 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19,849 14,728 74.2 14,091 71.0 636 4.3 5,121

45 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21,323 15,648 73.4 15,050 70.6 598 3.8 5,675

55 to 64 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20,677 12,089 58.5 11,657 56.4 432 3.6 8,588

65 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25,456 3,900 15.3 3,751 14.7 149 3.8 21,556

NOTE: Veterans are men and women who served on active duty in the U.S. Armed Forces and were not on active duty at the time of the survey. Nonveterans never

served on active duty in the U.S. Armed Forces. Veterans could have served anywhere in the world during these periods of service: Gulf War era II (September

2001-present), Gulf War era I (August 1990-August 2001), Vietnam era (August 1964-April 1975), Korean War (July 1950-January 1955), World War II (December

1941-December 1946), and other service periods (all other time periods). Veterans are counted in only one period of service, their most recent wartime period. Veterans

who served in more than one wartime period are classified in the most recent one. Veterans who served in both a wartime period and any other service period are

classified in the wartime period. Dash indicates no data or data that do not meet publication criteria (values not shown where base is less than 35,000).
Table 3. Employment status of persons 25 years and over by veteran status, period of service, and educational

attainment, 2015 annual averages

[Numbers in thousands]

Veteran status,

period of service, and educational attainment

Civilian

noninstitutional

population

Civilian labor force

Not in

labor

force Total

Percent

of

population

Employed Unemployed

Total

Percent

of

population

Total

Percent

of

labor

force

VETERANS

Total, 25 years and over................................. 20,945 10,558 50.4 10,090 48.2 469 4.4 10,386

Less than a high school diploma.................... 1,089 260 23.8 243 22.3 16 6.3 829

High school graduates, no college.................. 6,294 2,823 44.9 2,687 42.7 137 4.8 3,471

Some college or associate degree.................. 7,295 3,968 54.4 3,773 51.7 195 4.9 3,326

Bachelor’s degree and higher........................ 6,267 3,507 56.0 3,386 54.0 121 3.5 2,760

Gulf War era, total

Total, 25 years and over................................. 6,771 5,482 81.0 5,234 77.3 248 4.5 1,289

Less than a high school diploma.................... 97 64 66.2 60 61.8 4 6.6 33

High school graduates, no college.................. 1,554 1,244 80.0 1,178 75.8 65 5.2 311

Some college or associate degree.................. 2,855 2,256 79.0 2,142 75.0 114 5.0 599

Bachelor’s degree and higher........................ 2,264 1,917 84.7 1,853 81.8 65 3.4 347

Gulf War era II

Total, 25 years and over................................. 3,330 2,714 81.5 2,571 77.2 143 5.3 616

Less than a high school diploma.................... 47 32 68.0 28 60.7 3 – 15

High school graduates, no college.................. 689 570 82.8 533 77.3 38 6.6 119

Some college or associate degree.................. 1,467 1,140 77.7 1,076 73.3 64 5.6 327

Bachelor’s degree and higher........................ 1,127 972 86.2 935 82.9 37 3.8 156

Gulf War era I

Total, 25 years and over................................. 3,440 2,768 80.4 2,662 77.4 105 3.8 673

Less than a high school diploma.................... 51 33 64.6 32 62.9 1 – 18

High school graduates, no college.................. 865 673 77.8 646 74.6 27 4.1 192

Some college or associate degree.................. 1,388 1,116 80.4 1,067 76.8 49 4.4 272

Bachelor’s degree and higher........................ 1,136 946 83.2 918 80.8 28 2.9 191

WWII, Korean War, and Vietnam era

Total, 25 years and over................................. 8,901 2,350 26.4 2,248 25.3 102 4.3 6,551

Less than a high school diploma.................... 666 92 13.8 86 12.9 6 6.3 574

High school graduates, no college.................. 2,880 674 23.4 647 22.5 27 4.0 2,206

Some college or associate degree.................. 2,737 768 28.1 731 26.7 37 4.8 1,969

Bachelor’s degree and higher........................ 2,619 816 31.2 784 29.9 32 3.9 1,803

Other service periods

Total, 25 years and over................................. 5,273 2,726 51.7 2,608 49.5 119 4.4 2,547

Less than a high school diploma.................... 326 103 31.7 97 29.8 6 6.1 222

High school graduates, no college.................. 1,860 905 48.7 861 46.3 44 4.9 954

Some college or associate degree.................. 1,703 944 55.4 900 52.8 44 4.7 759

Bachelor’s degree and higher........................ 1,385 774 55.9 749 54.1 24 3.1 611

NONVETERANS

Total, 25 years and over................................. 191,266 125,349 65.5 119,988 62.7 5,361 4.3 65,917

Less than a high school diploma.................... 22,894 10,580 46.2 9,734 42.5 846 8.0 12,314

High school graduates, no college.................. 55,317 32,436 58.6 30,659 55.4 1,777 5.5 22,880

Some college or associate degree.................. 49,288 33,749 68.5 32,234 65.4 1,514 4.5 15,539

Bachelor’s degree and higher........................ 63,768 48,584 76.2 47,360 74.3 1,223 2.5 15,185

NOTE: Veterans are men and women who served on active duty in the U.S. Armed Forces and were not on active duty at the time of the survey.

Nonveterans never served on active duty in the U.S. Armed Forces. Veterans could have served anywhere in the world during these periods of

service: Gulf War era II (September 2001-present), Gulf War era I (August 1990-August 2001), Vietnam era (August 1964-April 1975), Korean War

(July 1950-January 1955), World War II (December 1941-December 1946), and other service periods (all other time periods). Veterans are counted in

only one period of service, their most recent wartime period. Veterans who served in more than one wartime period are classified in the most recent

one. Veterans who served in both a wartime period and any other service period are classified in the wartime period. Dash indicates no data or data

that do not meet publication criteria (values not shown where base is less than 35,000).
Table 4. Employed persons 18 years and over by occupation, sex, veteran status, and period of service, 2015

annual averages

[Percent distribution]

Occupation and sex

Veterans

NonTotal veterans

Gulf War era

WW II,

Korean

War,

and

Vietnam

era

Other

service

periods Total Gulf War

era II

Gulf War

era I

TOTAL

Total employed (in thousands)................................................... 10,263 5,407 2,745 2,662 2,248 2,608 136,947

Occupation as a percent of total employed

Total employed..................................................................... 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

Management, professional, and related occupations....................... 38.5 39.3 37.5 41.1 39.2 36.4 39.4

Management, business, and financial operations occupations......... 18.7 18.2 17.1 19.3 21.2 17.7 16.2

Professional and related occupations...................................... 19.8 21.1 20.4 21.9 17.9 18.7 23.2

Service occupations............................................................ 14.2 15.3 16.9 13.6 12.9 13.2 17.3

Sales and office occupations.................................................. 16.8 16.6 16.7 16.5 18.0 16.2 22.9

Sales and related occupations.............................................. 8.6 7.8 7.2 8.4 11.6 7.8 10.5

Office and administrative support occupations........................... 8.2 8.8 9.5 8.1 6.4 8.5 12.4

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance occupations.......... 13.5 13.5 13.9 13.1 12.1 14.5 8.9

Farming, fishing, and forestry occupations................................ 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.8 0.4 0.7

Construction and extraction occupations.................................. 5.8 5.5 5.5 5.4 5.5 6.8 5.1

Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations....................... 7.2 7.7 8.1 7.4 5.8 7.4 3.1

Production, transportation, and material moving occupations............. 17.0 15.3 14.9 15.7 17.9 19.7 11.5

Production occupations...................................................... 6.7 6.8 6.7 7.0 5.7 7.5 5.7

Transportation and material moving occupations........................ 10.2 8.5 8.3 8.7 12.1 12.2 5.8

MEN

Total employed (in thousands)................................................... 9,089 4,617 2,322 2,294 2,168 2,303 69,243

Occupation as a percent of total employed

Total employed..................................................................... 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

Management, professional, and related occupations....................... 36.9 37.3 35.8 38.8 38.7 34.3 35.6

Management, business, and financial operations occupations......... 18.5 17.9 16.7 19.1 21.1 17.4 17.2

Professional and related occupations...................................... 18.4 19.4 19.1 19.7 17.6 16.9 18.5

Service occupations............................................................ 14.0 15.0 16.4 13.5 12.8 13.0 13.8

Sales and office occupations.................................................. 15.6 15.0 15.0 15.0 17.6 14.7 16.4

Sales and related occupations.............................................. 8.8 7.7 6.9 8.6 11.7 8.0 10.1

Office and administrative support occupations........................... 6.8 7.3 8.1 6.5 5.9 6.8 6.2

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance occupations.......... 15.0 15.6 16.1 15.1 12.5 16.3 16.8

Farming, fishing, and forestry occupations................................ 0.5 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.8 0.4 1.1

Construction and extraction occupations.................................. 6.5 6.4 6.5 6.2 5.7 7.6 9.8

Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations....................... 8.1 8.9 9.3 8.5 6.1 8.3 5.9

Production, transportation, and material moving occupations............. 18.5 17.1 16.6 17.6 18.4 21.6 17.4

Production occupations...................................................... 7.2 7.4 7.2 7.6 5.9 8.1 7.8

Transportation and material moving occupations........................ 11.3 9.7 9.4 9.9 12.5 13.5 9.6

WOMEN

Total employed (in thousands)................................................... 1,174 790 422 368 80 304 67,704

Occupation as a percent of total employed

Total employed..................................................................... 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

Management, professional, and related occupations....................... 51.4 51.1 47.1 55.7 51.4 51.9 43.2

Management, business, and financial operations occupations......... 20.3 19.9 19.6 20.4 24.7 20.3 15.2

Professional and related occupations...................................... 31.0 31.2 27.6 35.4 26.7 31.7 28.0

Service occupations............................................................ 16.2 17.0 19.7 13.9 16.3 14.0 20.8

Sales and office occupations.................................................. 26.4 25.8 26.2 25.4 27.2 27.9 29.6

Sales and related occupations.............................................. 7.7 8.2 8.9 7.4 7.9 6.4 10.9

Office and administrative support occupations........................... 18.7 17.6 17.3 18.0 19.3 21.5 18.7

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance occupations.......... 1.2 1.3 1.3 1.2 1.3 1.0 0.9

Farming, fishing, and forestry occupations................................ 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.4

Construction and extraction occupations.................................. 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.6 1.3 0.4 0.3

Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations....................... 0.7 0.8 1.0 0.6 0.0 0.6 0.2
Table 4. Employed persons 18 years and over by occupation, sex, veteran status, and period of service, 2015

annual averages — Continued

[Percent distribution]

Occupation and sex

Veterans

NonTotal veterans

Gulf War era

WW II,

Korean

War,

and

Vietnam

era

Other

service

periods Total Gulf War

era II

Gulf War

era I

Production, transportation, and material moving occupations............. 4.9 4.8 5.7 3.8 3.9 5.2 5.5

Production occupations...................................................... 3.0 3.2 3.6 2.8 1.3 2.7 3.5

Transportation and material moving occupations........................ 1.9 1.6 2.1 1.0 2.6 2.5 2.0

NOTE: Veterans are men and women who served on active duty in the U.S. Armed Forces and were not on active duty at the time of the survey.

Nonveterans never served on active duty in the U.S. Armed Forces. Veterans could have served anywhere in the world during these periods of

service: Gulf War era II (September 2001-present), Gulf War era I (August 1990-August 2001), Vietnam era (August 1964-April 1975), Korean War

(July 1950-January 1955), World War II (December 1941-December 1946), and other service periods (all other time periods). Veterans are counted in

only one period of service, their most recent wartime period. Veterans who served in more than one wartime period are classified in the most recent

one. Veterans who served in both a wartime period and any other service period are classified in the wartime period.
Table 5. Employed persons 18 years and over by industry, class of worker, sex, veteran status, and period of

service, 2015 annual averages

[Percent distribution]

Industry, class of worker, and sex

Veterans

NonTotal veterans

Gulf War era WW II,

Korean

War, and

Vietnam

era

Other

service

Total periods Gulf War

era II

Gulf War

era I

TOTAL

Total employed (in thousands)1

............................... 10,263 5,407 2,745 2,662 2,248 2,608 136,947

As a percent of total employed

Total employed1

................................................ 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

Agriculture and related industries.......................... 1.9 0.7 0.7 0.7 4.8 1.8 1.6

Wage and salary workers2............................... 0.9 0.5 0.5 0.5 1.7 0.9 1.0

Self-employed workers, unincorporated................ 1.0 0.2 0.2 0.1 3.0 0.8 0.5

Nonagricultural industries................................... 98.1 99.3 99.3 99.3 95.2 98.2 98.4

Wage and salary workers2............................... 92.0 96.2 97.1 95.3 82.8 91.2 92.6

Private industries....................................... 70.6 70.7 70.8 70.6 68.6 72.0 79.0

Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction. . .. 1.0 1.2 1.2 1.1 0.7 0.8 0.6

Construction.......................................... 5.8 5.5 5.8 5.1 5.4 6.6 5.3

Manufacturing........................................ 12.7 12.7 11.7 13.7 11.0 14.2 9.9

Wholesale trade...................................... 2.5 2.4 2.3 2.4 2.7 2.5 2.3

Retail trade........................................... 8.5 8.5 9.1 7.9 9.3 7.9 10.7

Transportation and utilities.......................... 7.5 7.1 6.9 7.3 6.4 9.1 3.8

Information............................................ 1.9 2.2 2.0 2.4 1.3 2.0 1.8

Financial activities................................... 4.7 4.1 3.9 4.2 6.0 4.7 6.4

Professional and business services............... 10.9 11.6 11.7 11.4 10.5 9.7 10.1

Education and health services..................... 8.2 8.5 8.9 8.1 7.9 8.0 15.5

Leisure and hospitality.............................. 3.8 4.1 4.5 3.7 3.5 3.2 8.4

Other services........................................ 3.2 3.0 2.7 3.2 3.9 3.0 4.3

Government............................................. 21.4 25.5 26.4 24.7 14.1 19.2 13.5

Federal................................................ 9.2 12.3 14.3 10.2 4.2 7.0 2.0

State................................................... 4.9 5.4 4.9 6.0 3.8 4.7 4.7

Local................................................... 7.4 7.8 7.2 8.5 6.1 7.6 6.8

Self-employed workers, unincorporated................ 6.1 3.1 2.2 4.0 12.3 7.0 5.8

MEN

Total employed (in thousands)1

............................... 9,089 4,617 2,322 2,294 2,168 2,303 69,243

As a percent of total employed

Total employed1................................................ 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

Agriculture and related industries.......................... 2.0 0.7 0.7 0.8 4.9 1.9 2.3

Wage and salary workers2............................... 1.0 0.6 0.6 0.6 1.8 0.9 1.5

Self-employed workers, unincorporated................ 1.1 0.2 0.2 0.2 3.1 0.9 0.7

Nonagricultural industries................................... 98.0 99.3 99.3 99.2 95.1 98.1 97.7

Wage and salary workers2

............................... 91.4 96.1 97.1 95.1 82.4 90.7 91.0

Private industries....................................... 71.0 71.2 70.8 71.7 68.5 72.9 80.7

Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction. . .. 1.1 1.3 1.5 1.2 0.7 0.9 1.0

Construction.......................................... 6.4 6.3 6.7 5.8 5.6 7.3 9.4

Manufacturing........................................ 13.6 13.9 12.8 15.0 11.2 15.2 13.5

Wholesale trade...................................... 2.6 2.6 2.6 2.6 2.7 2.6 3.2

Retail trade........................................... 8.5 8.4 8.9 7.8 9.2 8.2 10.5

Transportation and utilities.......................... 8.1 7.8 7.4 8.2 6.6 10.0 5.8

Information............................................ 1.9 2.2 2.1 2.3 1.3 2.1 2.1

Financial activities................................... 4.5 4.0 3.8 4.1 6.0 4.3 5.5

Professional and business services............... 11.0 11.9 11.9 11.9 10.6 9.7 11.2

Education and health services..................... 6.4 6.0 6.2 5.8 7.3 6.4 6.7

Leisure and hospitality.............................. 3.6 3.8 4.0 3.6 3.3 3.3 7.9

Other services........................................ 3.2 3.1 2.7 3.4 4.0 2.9 3.9

Government............................................. 20.4 24.8 26.3 23.4 13.8 17.8 10.3

Federal................................................ 8.4 11.6 13.8 9.3 4.0 6.3 1.9

State................................................... 4.6 5.1 4.9 5.3 3.8 4.3 3.4

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 5. Employed persons 18 years and over by industry, class of worker, sex, veteran status, and period of

service, 2015 annual averages — Continued

[Percent distribution]

Industry, class of worker, and sex

Veterans

NonTotal veterans

Gulf War era WW II,

Korean

War, and

Vietnam

era

Other

service

Total periods Gulf War

era II

Gulf War

era I

Local................................................... 7.4 8.2 7.6 8.7 6.0 7.2 5.0

Self-employed workers, unincorporated................ 6.5 3.2 2.2 4.2 12.5 7.5 6.7

WOMEN

Total employed (in thousands)1

............................... 1,174 790 422 368 80 304 67,704

As a percent of total employed

Total employed1................................................ 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

Agriculture and related industries.......................... 0.5 0.3 0.4 0.1 0.3 1.2 0.9

Wage and salary workers2............................... 0.3 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.3 0.8 0.5

Self-employed workers, unincorporated................ 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.0 0.0 0.4 0.3

Nonagricultural industries................................... 99.5 99.7 99.6 99.9 99.7 98.8 99.1

Wage and salary workers2

............................... 96.5 97.3 97.6 96.8 94.1 95.1 94.1

Private industries....................................... 67.2 67.7 70.8 64.2 71.5 64.9 77.3

Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction. . .. 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.2

Construction.......................................... 1.0 0.7 0.8 0.6 0.0 1.9 1.2

Manufacturing........................................ 6.0 5.8 5.5 6.1 7.1 6.5 6.3

Wholesale trade...................................... 1.4 1.1 0.7 1.6 4.2 1.3 1.5

Retail trade........................................... 8.7 9.4 9.7 9.0 12.0 6.0 10.8

Transportation and utilities.......................... 2.5 2.7 3.7 1.6 0.5 2.4 1.9

Information............................................ 1.9 2.1 1.2 3.2 0.3 1.7 1.4

Financial activities................................... 5.6 4.7 4.7 4.7 5.4 8.1 7.2

Professional and business services............... 9.6 9.8 11.0 8.3 7.8 9.8 8.9

Education and health services..................... 22.3 22.9 23.4 22.2 24.4 20.3 24.4

Leisure and hospitality.............................. 5.2 5.9 7.0 4.7 6.7 2.9 8.9

Other services........................................ 3.0 2.6 3.1 2.0 3.1 3.9 4.6

Government............................................. 29.2 29.5 26.8 32.7 22.6 30.2 16.8

Federal................................................ 14.7 16.2 17.0 15.4 9.9 11.9 2.2

State................................................... 7.3 7.3 4.9 10.1 6.0 7.5 6.1

Local................................................... 7.3 6.0 4.9 7.2 6.6 10.8 8.5

Self-employed workers, unincorporated................ 3.0 2.5 1.9 3.0 5.1 3.7 4.9

1 Total includes a small number of unpaid family workers, not shown separately.

2

Includes self-employed workers whose business are incorporated.

NOTE: Veterans are men and women who served on active duty in the U.S. Armed Forces and were not on active duty at the time of the survey.

Nonveterans never served on active duty in the U.S. Armed Forces. Veterans could have served anywhere in the world during these periods of

service: Gulf War era II (September 2001-present), Gulf War era I (August 1990-August 2001), Vietnam era (August 1964-April 1975), Korean War

(July 1950-January 1955), World War II (December 1941-December 1946), and other service periods (all other time periods). Veterans are counted in

only one period of service, their most recent wartime period. Veterans who served in more than one wartime period are classified in the most recent

one. Veterans who served in both a wartime period and any other service period are classified in the wartime period.
Table 6A. Employment status of veterans 18 years and over by state, 2015 annual averages

[Numbers in thousands]

State

Civilian

noninstitutional

population

Civilian labor force

Not in

labor

Total force

Percent

of

population

Employed Unemployed

Total

Percent

of

population

Total

Percent

of

labor force

TOTAL VETERANS

Total, 18 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21,209 10,757 50.7 10,263 48.4 495 4.6 10,452

Alabama. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 381 189 49.5 183 48.0 6 3.1 193

Alaska. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73 46 62.9 44 60.2 2 4.3 27

Arizona. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 510 244 47.8 235 46.1 9 3.7 266

Arkansas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 228 103 45.3 98 43.1 5 4.7 125

California. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,820 902 49.6 840 46.2 62 6.8 918

Colorado. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 428 225 52.6 217 50.8 8 3.5 203

Connecticut. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 194 97 49.9 92 47.7 4 4.6 97

Delaware. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76 34 45.6 33 43.9 1 3.6 41

District of Columbia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28 15 54.3 14 50.1 1 7.7 13

Florida. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,613 784 48.6 742 46.0 43 5.4 829

Georgia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 716 384 53.6 365 51.0 19 4.9 332

Hawaii. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105 54 51.8 53 50.5 1 2.5 50

Idaho. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 126 63 49.8 60 47.8 2 4.0 63

Illinois. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 676 338 50.0 321 47.5 17 5.0 338

Indiana. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 465 238 51.1 232 49.9 6 2.4 227

Iowa. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 244 131 53.8 129 52.8 2 1.9 113

Kansas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 202 99 49.0 93 46.0 6 6.1 103

Kentucky. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 304 137 45.1 129 42.6 8 5.6 167

Louisiana. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 311 171 55.1 163 52.6 8 4.6 140

Maine. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 127 61 47.8 58 45.7 3 4.5 67

Maryland. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 428 251 58.5 233 54.3 18 7.2 178

Massachusetts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 368 160 43.5 151 41.2 9 5.3 208

Michigan. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 617 275 44.6 260 42.2 15 5.3 342

Minnesota. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 381 197 51.6 186 48.8 11 5.5 185

Mississippi. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 204 101 49.4 95 46.3 6 6.2 103

Missouri. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 479 244 50.8 232 48.4 12 4.8 236

Montana. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106 52 48.6 49 46.1 3 5.2 55

Nebraska. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 144 76 53.2 74 51.4 3 3.4 67

Nevada. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 232 125 53.9 118 50.8 7 5.8 107

New Hampshire. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119 65 54.2 62 52.2 2 3.7 55

New Jersey. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 397 182 45.8 172 43.4 10 5.4 215

New Mexico. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 196 96 49.1 91 46.4 5 5.5 100

New York. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 837 387 46.2 372 44.5 14 3.7 450

North Carolina. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 724 398 54.9 385 53.1 13 3.2 327

North Dakota. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54 33 60.9 32 59.2 1 2.8 21

Ohio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 817 398 48.7 385 47.1 13 3.3 420

Oklahoma. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 309 167 53.9 161 52.2 5 3.2 143

Oregon. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 353 158 44.8 149 42.3 9 5.6 195

Pennsylvania. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 886 413 46.6 393 44.4 19 4.7 473

Rhode Island. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70 33 47.1 31 44.3 2 5.8 37

South Carolina. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 394 205 52.1 196 49.8 9 4.4 189

South Dakota. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68 39 57.6 38 56.2 1 2.5 29

Tennessee. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 503 244 48.6 234 46.5 10 4.2 259

Texas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,740 967 55.6 926 53.2 41 4.3 772

Utah. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 149 87 58.5 85 56.9 2 2.6 62

Vermont. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45 22 48.6 21 46.7 1 3.9 23

Virginia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 795 491 61.8 473 59.5 19 3.8 303

Washington. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 558 268 48.1 258 46.3 10 3.8 290

West Virginia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 152 64 41.9 60 39.7 3 5.1 88

Wisconsin. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 404 214 53.1 207 51.2 8 3.6 189

Wyoming. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52 30 58.1 29 56.2 1 3.3 22

NOTE: Veterans are men and women who served on active duty in the U.S. Armed Forces and were not on active duty at the time of the survey.
Table 6B. Employment status of nonveterans 18 years and over by state, 2015 annual averages

[Numbers in thousands]

State

Civilian

noninstitutional

population

Civilian labor force

Not in

labor

Total force

Percent

of

population

Employed Unemployed

Total

Percent

of

population

Total

Percent

of

labor force

TOTAL NONVETERANS

Total, 18 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 220,740 144,385 65.4 136,947 62.0 7,439 5.2 76,355

Alabama. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,285 1,954 59.5 1,834 55.8 120 6.1 1,332

Alaska. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 454 316 69.8 295 64.9 22 6.9 137

Arizona. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,566 2,874 62.9 2,701 59.2 173 6.0 1,692

Arkansas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,986 1,218 61.3 1,155 58.2 63 5.1 768

California. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27,509 17,855 64.9 16,783 61.0 1,072 6.0 9,654

Colorado. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,644 2,547 69.9 2,451 67.3 96 3.8 1,097

Connecticut. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,546 1,766 69.4 1,671 65.6 95 5.4 780

Delaware. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 649 428 65.9 406 62.6 21 5.0 221

District of Columbia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 507 368 72.6 343 67.7 25 6.7 139

Florida. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14,140 8,693 61.5 8,233 58.2 460 5.3 5,447

Georgia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,770 4,323 63.9 4,076 60.2 247 5.7 2,447

Hawaii. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 949 619 65.2 596 62.8 23 3.7 330

Idaho. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,073 723 67.4 694 64.6 29 4.0 350

Illinois. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9,022 6,061 67.2 5,714 63.3 347 5.7 2,961

Indiana. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,484 2,991 66.7 2,852 63.6 139 4.6 1,493

Iowa. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,119 1,534 72.4 1,480 69.9 53 3.5 585

Kansas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,928 1,370 71.1 1,313 68.1 57 4.1 558

Kentucky. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,029 1,790 59.1 1,697 56.0 93 5.2 1,240

Louisiana. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,153 1,978 62.7 1,856 58.9 122 6.2 1,175

Maine. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 933 608 65.1 583 62.5 25 4.1 325

Maryland. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,139 2,901 70.1 2,761 66.7 141 4.8 1,238

Massachusetts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,942 3,362 68.0 3,204 64.8 158 4.7 1,579

Michigan. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7,008 4,413 63.0 4,184 59.7 229 5.2 2,595

Minnesota. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,752 2,756 73.4 2,658 70.8 98 3.6 996

Mississippi. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,994 1,172 58.8 1,097 55.0 74 6.4 822

Missouri. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,092 2,800 68.4 2,665 65.1 135 4.8 1,292

Montana. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 684 464 67.8 446 65.2 18 3.9 220

Nebraska. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,251 904 72.3 879 70.2 25 2.8 347

Nevada. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,950 1,298 66.5 1,210 62.1 88 6.7 652

New Hampshire. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 930 664 71.4 642 69.1 22 3.3 265

New Jersey. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,426 4,290 66.8 4,044 62.9 246 5.7 2,136

New Mexico. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,347 822 61.0 767 56.9 55 6.7 525

New York. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14,433 9,132 63.3 8,658 60.0 474 5.2 5,301

North Carolina. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,794 4,350 64.0 4,096 60.3 254 5.8 2,444

North Dakota. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 512 375 73.2 365 71.3 10 2.6 137

Ohio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7,977 5,193 65.1 4,952 62.1 241 4.6 2,784

Oklahoma. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,563 1,677 65.4 1,606 62.7 71 4.3 886

Oregon. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,754 1,779 64.6 1,683 61.1 96 5.4 975

Pennsylvania. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9,019 5,915 65.6 5,611 62.2 304 5.1 3,104

Rhode Island. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 760 518 68.2 489 64.4 29 5.6 241

South Carolina. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,291 2,066 62.8 1,944 59.1 121 5.9 1,225

South Dakota. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 567 409 72.2 395 69.7 14 3.5 157

Tennessee. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,519 2,814 62.3 2,654 58.7 159 5.7 1,706

Texas. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17,965 11,920 66.4 11,404 63.5 516 4.3 6,044

Utah. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,888 1,327 70.3 1,284 68.0 44 3.3 561

Vermont. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 453 315 69.5 304 67.2 11 3.4 138

Virginia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,519 3,718 67.4 3,557 64.5 161 4.3 1,801

Washington. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,812 3,227 67.1 3,048 63.3 178 5.5 1,586

West Virginia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,293 720 55.6 670 51.8 50 6.9 574

Wisconsin. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,976 2,798 70.4 2,674 67.2 124 4.4 1,178

Wyoming. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 386 272 70.5 261 67.7 11 4.0 114

NOTE: Nonveterans never served on active duty in the U.S. Armed Forces.
Table 7. Employment status of veterans 18 years and over by presence of service-connected disability, reported disability

rating, period of service, and sex, August 2015, not seasonally adjusted

[Numbers in thousands]

Presence of disability, reported disability

rating, period of service, and sex

Civilian

noninstitutional

population

Civilian labor force

Total

Percent

of

population

Employed

Total

Percent

of

population

Unemployed

Total

Percent

of

labor force

Not in

labor

force

TOTAL

VETERANS

Total 21,170 10,593 50.0 10,121 47.8 472 4.5 10,576

With service-connected disability 4,309 1,972 45.8 1,866 43.3 106 5.4 2,337

Less than 30 percent disability rating 1,239 664 53.6 637 51.4 27 4.0 575

30 to 50 percent disability rating 1,041 648 62.2 627 60.2 21 3.3 393

60 percent or higher disability rating 1,595 490 30.7 443 27.8 47 9.6 1,105

Disability rating not reported 434 170 39.2 159 36.7 11 6.4 264

Without service-connected disability 16,310 8,349 51.2 7,987 49.0 362 4.3 7,961

Presence of disability not reported 551 272 49.4 268 48.7 4 1.4 279

Gulf War era, total

Total 7,059 5,804 82.2 5,536 78.4 268 4.6 1,255

With service-connected disability 2,033 1,451 71.3 1,368 67.3 83 5.7 583

Less than 30 percent disability rating 544 428 78.7 410 75.3 19 4.3 116

30 to 50 percent disability rating 570 477 83.7 459 80.6 17 3.6 93

60 percent or higher disability rating 728 420 57.6 381 52.4 38 9.1 308

Disability rating not reported 192 126 65.6 117 61.2 8 6.7 66

Without service-connected disability 4,839 4,221 87.2 4,040 83.5 182 4.3 617

Presence of disability not reported 187 132 70.5 128 68.5 4 2.9 55

Gulf War era II

Total 3,609 2,959 82.0 2,812 77.9 148 5.0 649

With service-connected disability 1,181 864 73.2 816 69.1 48 5.5 317

Less than 30 percent disability rating 228 176 77.1 171 74.7 5 3.0 52

30 to 50 percent disability rating 318 290 91.1 284 89.3 6 1.9 28

60 percent or higher disability rating 528 329 62.3 300 56.9 28 8.6 199

Disability rating not reported 106 69 65.0 61 57.1 8 - 37

Without service-connected disability 2,304 2,012 87.3 1,916 83.2 96 4.8 292

Presence of disability not reported 124 83 67.1 79 64.0 4 4.5 41

Gulf War era I

Total 3,450 2,845 82.4 2,724 79.0 120 4.2 606

With service-connected disability 853 587 68.8 552 64.7 35 5.9 266

Less than 30 percent disability rating 316 253 79.9 239 75.8 13 5.2 63

30 to 50 percent disability rating 251 187 74.3 175 69.6 12 6.3 65

60 percent or higher disability rating 200 91 45.4 81 40.5 10 10.8 109

Disability rating not reported 85 57 66.4 57 66.4 - - 29

Without service-connected disability 2,535 2,209 87.2 2,123 83.8 86 3.9 326

Presence of disability not reported 63 49 - 49 - 0 - 14

WW II, Korean War, and Vietnam era

Total 8,852 2,164 24.4 2,072 23.4 92 4.2 6,688

With service-connected disability 1,671 220 13.2 207 12.4 13 6.1 1,451

Less than 30 percent disability rating 490 104 21.3 98 20.1 6 5.6 386

30 to 50 percent disability rating 312 72 23.0 68 21.7 4 - 240

60 percent or higher disability rating 700 23 3.3 20 2.8 4 - 677

Disability rating not reported 169 21 12.5 21 12.5 - - 148

Without service-connected disability 6,919 1,857 26.8 1,779 25.7 78 4.2 5,062

Presence of disability not reported 262 87 33.1 87 33.1 0 0.0 175

Other service periods

Total 5,259 2,626 49.9 2,513 47.8 113 4.3 2,633

With service-connected disability 604 301 49.8 291 48.1 10 3.4 303

Less than 30 percent disability rating 205 131 64.0 129 62.9 2 1.7 74

30 to 50 percent disability rating 160 100 62.3 100 62.3 - - 60

60 percent or higher disability rating 167 47 28.2 42 25.0 5 - 120

Disability rating not reported 73 23 - 21 - 2 - 50

Without service-connected disability 4,553 2,271 49.9 2,168 47.6 103 4.5 2,281

Presence of disability not reported 102 54 52.5 54 52.5 0 - 49

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 7. Employment status of veterans 18 years and over by presence of service-connected disability, reported disability

rating, period of service, and sex, August 2015, not seasonally adjusted -- Continued

[Numbers in thousands]

Presence of disability, reported disability

rating, period of service, and sex

Civilian

noninstitutional

population

Civilian labor force

Total

Percent

of

population

Employed

Total

Percent

of

population

Unemployed

Total

Percent

of

labor force

Not in

labor

force

MEN

VETERANS

Total 19,171 9,340 48.7 8,932 46.6 408 4.4 9,830

With service-connected disability 3,857 1,710 44.3 1,616 41.9 94 5.5 2,146

Less than 30 percent disability rating 1,120 599 53.4 577 51.5 21 3.6 522

30 to 50 percent disability rating 943 574 60.9 553 58.6 21 3.7 369

60 percent or higher disability rating 1,395 382 27.4 340 24.4 42 10.9 1,013

Disability rating not reported 398 155 39.0 146 36.6 10 6.1 242

Without service-connected disability 14,823 7,383 49.8 7,069 47.7 314 4.3 7,440

Presence of disability not reported 491 247 50.4 247 50.4 0 0.0 244

Gulf War era, total

Total 5,891 4,916 83.4 4,702 79.8 213 4.3 975

With service-connected disability 1,699 1,221 71.9 1,145 67.4 76 6.2 478

Less than 30 percent disability rating 451 371 82.2 358 79.3 13 3.6 80

30 to 50 percent disability rating 492 414 84.2 397 80.6 17 4.2 78

60 percent or higher disability rating 588 321 54.6 284 48.3 37 11.6 267

Disability rating not reported 168 115 68.5 106 63.4 8 7.4 53

Without service-connected disability 4,040 3,580 88.6 3,443 85.2 137 3.8 459

Presence of disability not reported 152 114 75.1 114 75.1 0 0.0 38

Gulf War era II

Total 2,972 2,493 83.9 2,368 79.7 125 5.0 480

With service-connected disability 972 715 73.5 672 69.1 42 5.9 258

Less than 30 percent disability rating 189 149 79.2 149 79.2 - - 39

30 to 50 percent disability rating 268 243 90.8 238 88.7 6 2.3 25

60 percent or higher disability rating 415 253 61.0 225 54.1 28 11.2 162

Disability rating not reported 100 68 68.3 60 59.8 8 - 32

Without service-connected disability 1,898 1,701 89.6 1,619 85.3 82 4.8 197

Presence of disability not reported 102 77 75.9 77 75.9 0 0.0 24

Gulf War era I

Total 2,919 2,423 83.0 2,334 80.0 89 3.7 496

With service-connected disability 727 506 69.7 473 65.0 34 6.7 220

Less than 30 percent disability rating 263 222 84.4 208 79.3 13 6.0 41

30 to 50 percent disability rating 224 171 76.2 159 71.0 12 6.9 53

60 percent or higher disability rating 172 67 39.1 59 34.1 9 - 105

Disability rating not reported 68 46 - 46 - - - 21

Without service-connected disability 2,141 1,880 87.8 1,825 85.2 55 2.9 262

Presence of disability not reported 51 37 - 37 - 0 - 13

WW II, Korean War, and Vietnam era

Total 8,537 2,081 24.4 1,990 23.3 92 4.4 6,456

With service-connected disability 1,619 214 13.2 201 12.4 13 6.2 1,405

Less than 30 percent disability rating 479 104 21.7 98 20.5 6 5.6 375

30 to 50 percent disability rating 305 69 22.6 65 21.2 4 - 237

60 percent or higher disability rating 666 20 3.0 16 2.5 4 - 646

Disability rating not reported 169 21 12.5 21 12.5 - - 148

Without service-connected disability 6,669 1,785 26.8 1,707 25.6 78 4.4 4,884

Presence of disability not reported 248 82 32.9 82 32.9 0 0.0 167

Other service periods

Total 4,743 2,343 49.4 2,240 47.2 103 4.4 2,400

With service-connected disability 538 275 51.1 271 50.3 4 1.6 263

Less than 30 percent disability rating 190 123 65.0 121 63.8 2 1.9 66

30 to 50 percent disability rating 146 91 62.6 91 62.6 - - 54

60 percent or higher disability rating 142 41 29.1 40 28.4 1 - 101

Disability rating not reported 60 19 - 18 - 1 - 41

Without service-connected disability 4,114 2,017 49.0 1,918 46.6 99 4.9 2,097

Presence of disability not reported 91 51 56.7 51 56.7 0 - 39

See footnotes at end of table.
Table 7. Employment status of veterans 18 years and over by presence of service-connected disability, reported disability

rating, period of service, and sex, August 2015, not seasonally adjusted -- Continued

[Numbers in thousands]

Presence of disability, reported disability

rating, period of service, and sex

Civilian

noninstitutional

population

Civilian labor force

Total

Percent

of

population

Employed

Total

Percent

of

population

Unemployed

Total

Percent

of

labor force

Not in

labor

force

WOMEN

VETERANS

Total 1,999 1,253 62.7 1,189 59.5 64 5.1 746

With service-connected disability 452 262 57.8 249 55.1 12 4.6 191

Less than 30 percent disability rating 119 65 54.8 60 50.3 5 - 54

30 to 50 percent disability rating 98 74 75.2 74 75.2 - - 24

60 percent or higher disability rating 199 108 54.0 102 51.3 5 5.0 92

Disability rating not reported 36 15 - 14 - 1 - 21

Without service-connected disability 1,487 967 65.0 918 61.8 48 5.0 520

Presence of disability not reported 60 25 - 21 - 4 - 35

Gulf War era, total

Total 1,168 888 76.0 833 71.3 55 6.2 280

With service-connected disability 334 230 68.7 223 66.7 6 2.8 105

Without service-connected disability 799 641 80.2 596 74.6 45 7.0 158

Presence of disability not reported 35 18 - 14 - 4 - 17

Gulf War era II

Total 636 467 73.3 443 69.7 23 5.0 170

With service-connected disability 208 149 71.6 144 69.1 5 3.6 59

Without service-connected disability 406 311 76.8 297 73.3 14 4.5 94

Presence of disability not reported 22 6 - 2 - 4 - 16

Gulf War era I

Total 532 421 79.3 390 73.3 32 7.5 110

With service-connected disability 126 80 63.8 79 62.9 1 1.4 46

Without service-connected disability 393 329 83.8 299 76.0 31 9.3 64

Presence of disability not reported 12 12 - 12 - 0 - 1

WW II, Korean War, and Vietnam era

Total 315 83 26.2 83 26.2 - - 232

With service-connected disability 52 6 - 6 - - - 46

Without service-connected disability 250 72 28.7 72 28.7 - - 178

Presence of disability not reported 13 5 - 5 - - - 8

Other service periods

Total 516 282 54.7 273 52.9 9 3.3 234

With service-connected disability 66 26 - 20 - 6 - 40

Without service-connected disability 439 254 58.0 251 57.1 4 1.4 184

Presence of disability not reported 11 2 - 2 - 0 - 9

NOTE: Veterans are men and women who served on active duty in the U.S. Armed Forces and were not on active duty at the time of the survey.

Veterans could have served anywhere in the world during these periods of service: Gulf War era II (September 2001-present), Gulf War era I (August

1990-August 2001), Vietnam era (August 1964-April 1975), Korean War (July 1950-January 1955), World War II (December 1941-December 1946), and

other service periods (all other time periods). Veterans are counted in only one period of service, their most recent wartime period. Veterans who served

in more than one wartime period are classified in the most recent one. Veterans who served in both a wartime period and any other service period are

classified in the wartime period. A service-connected disability is a health condition or impairment caused or made worse by military service. The

associated disability rating, which can range from 0 to 100 percent, is determined from a rating schedule published in the U.S. Code of Federal

Regulations, "Title 38." More information appears in the Technical Note of this release. Dash indicates no data or data that do not meet publication

criteria (values not shown where base is less than 75,000). Beginning with data for August 2015, estimates from the veterans supplement reflect a

change in the weighting methodology.
Table 8. Employed persons 18 years and over by veteran status, presence of service-connected disability, period of service,

and class of worker, August 2015, not seasonally adjusted

Veteran status, presence of

disability, and period of service

Total

employed

(thousands)

Percent distribution by class of worker

Total

Agriculture

and

related

industries

Nonagricultural industries

Total

Wage and salary workers 1

Private

sector

Government

Total Federal State and

local

Selfemployed,

unincorporated, and

unpaid

family

workers

Veterans, total 2 10,121 100.0 1.7 98.3 70.2 22.5 10.2 12.4 5.6

With service-connected disability 1,866 100.0 1.6 98.4 58.5 36.1 25.0 11.1 3.8

Without service-connected disability 7,987 100.0 1.7 98.3 72.6 19.6 6.9 12.7 6.1

Gulf War era, total 2 5,536 100.0 0.7 99.3 70.0 26.6 13.3 13.3 2.7

With service-connected disability 1,368 100.0 0.6 99.4 58.2 38.5 27.6 10.9 2.6

Without service-connected disability 4,040 100.0 0.7 99.3 73.9 22.8 8.7 14.2 2.6

Gulf War era II 2 2,812 100.0 0.8 99.2 70.3 27.2 15.1 12.2 1.6

With service-connected disability 816 100.0 0.8 99.2 60.2 36.2 24.8 11.3 2.9

Without service-connected disability 1,916 100.0 0.9 99.1 74.4 23.5 11.1 12.5 1.2

Gulf War era I 2 2,724 100.0 0.5 99.5 69.7 26.0 11.5 14.5 3.7

With service-connected disability 552 100.0 0.4 99.6 55.3 41.9 31.7 10.2 2.3

Without service-connected disability 2,123 100.0 0.5 99.5 73.3 22.2 6.5 15.7 3.9

WW II, Korean War, and Vietnam era 2 2,072 100.0 4.2 95.8 68.1 14.1 5.4 8.7 13.6

With service-connected disability 207 100.0 8.9 91.1 58.3 18.6 10.9 7.7 14.2

Without service-connected disability 1,779 100.0 3.5 96.5 68.5 13.7 5.0 8.8 14.2

Other service periods 2 2,513 100.0 1.8 98.2 72.4 20.4 7.1 13.2 5.4

With service-connected disability 291 100.0 0.7 99.3 60.2 37.3 22.5 14.8 1.7

Without service-connected disability 2,168 100.0 2.0 98.0 73.5 18.4 5.2 13.2 6.0

Nonveterans 137,213 100.0 1.7 98.3 79.4 13.0 2.0 11.0 5.9

 1 Includes self-employed workers whose businesses are incorporated.

 2 Includes veterans who did not report presence of disability.

NOTE: Veterans are men and women who served on active duty in the U.S. Armed Forces and were not on active duty at the time of the survey.

Nonveterans never served on active duty in the U.S. Armed Forces. Veterans could have served anywhere in the world during these periods of service:

Gulf War era II (September 2001-present), Gulf War era I (August 1990-August 2001), Vietnam era (August 1964-April 1975), Korean War (July 1950-

January 1955), World War II (December 1941-December 1946), and other service periods (all other time periods). Veterans are counted in only one

period of service, their most recent wartime period. Veterans who served in more than one wartime period are classified in the most recent one.

Veterans who served in both a wartime period and any other service period are classified in the wartime period. A service-connected disability is a

health condition or impairment caused or made worse by military service. The associated disability rating, which can range from 0 to 100 percent, is

determined from a rating schedule published in the U.S. Code of Federal Regulations, "Title 38." More information appears in the Technical Note of this

release. Beginning with data for August 2015, estimates from the veterans supplement reflect a change in the weighting methodology.
Table 9. Employment status of Gulf War-era veterans by Reserve or National Guard status, August 2015, not seasonally

adjusted

[Numbers in thousands]

Period of service and

Reserve or National Guard status

Civilian

noninstitutional

population

Civilian labor force

Total

Percent

of

population

Employed

Total

Percent

of

population

Unemployed

Total

Percent

of

labor

force

Not in

labor

force

VETERANS

Gulf War era, total

Total 7,059 5,804 82.2 5,536 78.4 268 4.6 1,255

Current or past member of Reserve or National Guard 2,470 2,052 83.1 1,969 79.7 83 4.1 418

Never a member of Reserve or National Guard 4,363 3,593 82.4 3,409 78.1 185 5.1 769

Reserve or National Guard membership not reported 226 158 69.9 158 69.9 0 0.0 68

Gulf War era II

Total 3,609 2,959 82.0 2,812 77.9 148 5.0 649

Current or past member of Reserve or National Guard 1,393 1,160 83.3 1,119 80.3 41 3.5 233

Never a member of Reserve or National Guard 2,083 1,720 82.6 1,614 77.5 107 6.2 363

Reserve or National Guard membership not reported 132 79 59.6 79 59.6 0 0.0 53

Gulf War era I

Total 3,450 2,845 82.4 2,724 79.0 120 4.2 606

Current or past member of Reserve or National Guard 1,077 892 82.9 850 78.9 42 4.7 184

Never a member of Reserve or National Guard 2,280 1,873 82.2 1,795 78.7 78 4.2 407

Reserve or National Guard membership not reported 94 79 84.3 79 84.3 0 0.0 15

NOTE: Veterans are men and women who served on active duty in the U.S. Armed Forces and were not on active duty at the time of the survey. The

Gulf War era began in August 1990 and continues to the present day. It is divided into two periods of service: Gulf War era II (September 2001-present)

and Gulf War era I (August 1990-August 2001). Veterans are counted in only one period of service, their most recent period. Data do not include

Reserve and National Guard members who have never been called to Active Duty. Beginning with data for August 2015, estimates from the veterans

supplement reflect a change in the weighting methodology.
Table 10. Employment status of Gulf War-era II veterans 18 years and over by location of service, August 2015, not seasonally

adjusted

[Numbers in thousands]

Period of service and location

Civilian

noninstitutional

population

Civilian labor force

Total

Percent

of

population

Employed

Total

Percent

of

population

Unemployed

Number Rate

Not in

labor

force

Total, Gulf War-era II veterans 3,609 2,959 82.0 2,812 77.9 148 5.0 649

Served in Iraq, Afghanistan, or both 1 1,665 1,308 78.6 1,251 75.1 57 4.4 357

Served in Iraq 2 1,412 1,124 79.6 1,078 76.3 46 4.1 288

Served in Afghanistan 3 643 484 75.2 464 72.2 19 4.0 159

Served in both locations 4 390 300 76.8 291 74.6 9 2.9 90

Served elsewhere 1,944 1,651 85.0 1,560 80.3 91 5.5 292

 1 Refers to veterans who served in Iraq at anytime since March 2003 and veterans who served in Afghanistan at anytime since October 2001. Also

includes veterans who served in both countries.

 2 Includes all veterans who served in Iraq at any time since March 2003, whether or not they also served in Afghanistan.

 3 Includes all veterans who served in Afghanistan at any time since October 2001, whether or not they also served in Iraq.

 

4

 Veterans who served in both Iraq and Afghanistan during the designated dates are also included in the totals of each location above.

NOTE: Veterans are men and women who served on active duty in the U.S. Armed Forces and were not on active duty at the time of the survey. Gulf

War-era II veterans served anywhere in the world at any time since September 2001. Beginning with data for August 2015, estimates from the veterans

supplement reflect a change in the weighting methodology.