For release 10:00 a.m. (EDT) Tuesday, September 11, 2012 USDL-12-1831

Technical information: (202) 691-5870 • JoltsInfo@bls.gov • www.bls.gov/jlt

Media contact: (202) 691-5902 • PressOffice@bls.gov

JOB OPENINGS AND LABOR TURNOVER – JULY 2012

There were 3.7 million job openings on the last business day of July, little changed from June, the U.S. 

Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today. The hires rate (3.2 percent) and separations rate (3.0 percent)

were also little changed in July. This release includes estimates of the number and rate of job openings, 

hires, and separations for the nonfarm sector by industry and by geographic region.

Job Openings

The number of job openings in July was 3.7 million, little changed from June. (See table 1.) The number 

of openings was little changed in all industries except health care and social assistance, where the 

number decreased. The number of openings was also little changed in all four regions in July. The level

of total nonfarm job openings in July was up from 2.4 million at the end of the recession in June 2009.

(Recession dates are determined by the National Bureau of Economic Research.)

The number of job openings in July (not seasonally adjusted) increased over the year for total nonfarm, 

total private, and government. Job openings increased over the year for several industries but fell in

mining and logging and arts, entertainment, and recreation. Three of the four regions – Midwest, 

Northeast, and South – experienced a rise in job openings over the year. (See table 7.)

1.0

1.2

1.4

1.6

1.8

2.0

2.2

2.4

2.6

2.8

3.0

3.2

3.4

3.6

Percent

2010 2011 2012

Chart 1. Job openings rate, seasonally adjusted, August 2009 - July 2012

2.0

2.2

2.4

2.6

2.8

3.0

3.2

3.4

3.6

3.8

4.0

Hires

Separations

Percent

2010 2011 2012

Chart 2. Hires and separations rates, seasonally adjusted, August 2009 - July 2012
- 2 -

Hires

In July, the hires rate was unchanged at 3.2 percent. The hires rate was little changed in all industries

and regions. (See table 2.) The number of hires in July was 4.2 million, up from 3.7 million at the end of 

the recession in June 2009.

Over the 12 months ending in July, the hires rate (not seasonally adjusted) was unchanged for total 

nonfarm and total private but increased for government. The hires rate was little changed in all 

Table A. Job openings, hires, and total separations by industry, seasonally adjusted

Industry July June July July June July July June July

2011 2012 2012p2011 2012 2012p2011 2012 2012p

Total .........................................................3,366 3,722 3,664 4,112 4,284 4,229 4,023 4,249 4,058

Total private 1................................................... 3,044 3,346 3,277 3,866 4,000 3,933 3,723 3,943 3,760

Construction................................................77 68 76 337 355 362 339 342 364

Manufacturing..........................................246 296 271 260 270 243 231 263 226

Trade, transportation, and utilities 2..................... 589 588 607 806 821 834 788 827 805

Retail trade..................................... 337 348 347 568 556 569 551 558 554

Professional and business services......................... 667 693 660 821 931 830 790 921 782

Education and health services 3.....................606 713 694 479 494 502 437 493 463

 Health care and social assistance...... 533 660 603 395 425 426 365 409 399

Leisure and hospitality .................................... 362 460 477 727 700 709 702 679 687

Arts, entertainment, and recreation.......... 71 47 49 108 108 103 102 101 109

Accommodation and food services..........291 413 428 619 592 606 600 578 578

Government 4........................................ 322 376 388 246 284 296 300 306 298

State and local government..................................... 268 304 326 223 256 270 270 276 273

Total ...................................................... 2.5 2.7 2.7 3.1 3.2 3.2 3.1 3.2 3.0

Total private 1................................................... 2.7 2.9 2.9 3.5 3.6 3.5 3.4 3.5 3.4

Construction..........................................1.4 1.2 1.4 6.1 6.4 6.6 6.2 6.2 6.6

Manufacturing................................................ 2.0 2.4 2.2 2.2 2.3 2.0 2.0 2.2 1.9

Trade, transportation, and utilities 2........................ 2.3 2.3 2.3 3.2 3.2 3.3 3.1 3.3 3.2

Retail trade.................................... 2.2 2.3 2.3 3.9 3.8 3.9 3.8 3.8 3.8

Professional and business services......................... 3.7 3.7 3.6 4.7 5.2 4.6 4.6 5.1 4.4

Education and health services 3.....................3.0 3.4 3.3 2.4 2.4 2.5 2.2 2.4 2.3

 Health care and social assistance...... 3.1 3.7 3.4 2.4 2.5 2.5 2.2 2.4 2.3

Leisure and hospitality .................................... 2.6 3.3 3.4 5.5 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.0 5.0

Arts, entertainment, and recreation.......... 3.6 2.4 2.5 5.6 5.7 5.4 5.3 5.3 5.7

Accommodation and food services..........2.5 3.4 3.5 5.4 5.1 5.2 5.3 4.9 4.9

Government 4........................................ 1.4 1.7 1.7 1.1 1.3 1.3 1.4 1.4 1.4

State and local government..................................... 1.4 1.6 1.7 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.4

 1 Includes mining and logging, information, financial activities, and other services, not show n separately.

 2 Includes w holesale trade and transportation, w arehousing, and utilities, not show n separately.

 3 Includes educational services, not show n separately.

 4 Includes federal government, not show n separately.

 p Preliminary

Rates (percent)

Job openings Hires Total separations

Levels (in thousands)
- 3 -

industries over the year but increased in state and local government. The rate was little changed in all 

four regions over the year. (See table 8.)

Separations

The total separations figure includes quits, layoffs and discharges, and other separations. Total 

separations is also referred to as turnover. Quits are generally voluntary separations initiated by the 

employee. Therefore, the quits rate can serve as a measure of workers’ willingness or ability to leave 

jobs. Layoffs and discharges are involuntary separations initiated by the employer. Other separations 

include separations due to retirement, death, and disability, as well as transfers to other locations of the 

same firm.

The total separations rate was essentially unchanged for total nonfarm and total private, and unchanged 

for government in July. (See table 3.) Over the year, the total separations rate (not seasonally adjusted) 

was unchanged for total nonfarm, total private, and government. (See table 9.)

In July, the quits rate was unchanged for total nonfarm, total private, and government. (See table 4.) The 

number of quits was 2.2 million in July, up from 1.8 million at the end of the recession in June 2009.

The number of quits (not seasonally adjusted) in July rose over the year for total nonfarm and total 

private but was little changed for government. Quits also increased over the year in several industries

and in the South; quits declined in finance and insurance. (See table 10.)

The layoffs and discharges rate was little changed in July for total nonfarm and total private and

unchanged for government. The layoffs and discharges rate was essentially unchanged in all four 

regions in July. (See table 5.) The number of layoffs and discharges for total nonfarm was 1.6 million in 

July, down from 2.1 million at the end of the recession in June 2009.

The layoffs and discharges level (not seasonally adjusted) was little changed for total nonfarm and total 

private but decreased for government over the 12 months ending in July 2012. The number of layoffs 

and discharges was essentially unchanged over the year in all four regions. (See table 11.)

In July, there were 344,000 other separations for total nonfarm, little changed from the previous month.

(See table 6.) The number of other separations (not seasonally adjusted) was also little changed over the 

12 months ending in July. (See table 12.)

Net Change in Employment

Large numbers of hires and separations occur every month throughout the business cycle. Net 

employment change results from the relationship between hires and separations. When the number of 

hires exceeds the number of separations, employment rises, even if the hires level is steady or declining. 

Conversely, when the number of hires is less than the number of separations, employment declines, even 

if the hires level is steady or rising. Over the 12 months ending in July 2012, hires totaled 51.4 million

and separations totaled 49.6 million, yielding a net employment gain of 1.8 million. These figures 

include workers who may have been hired and separated more than once during the year.

The Job Openings and Labor Turnover Survey results for August 2012 are scheduled to be 

released on Wednesday, October 10, 2012 at 10:00 a.m. (EDT).
Technical Note

 The data for the Job Openings and Labor Turnover 

Survey (JOLTS) are collected and compiled monthly 

from a sample of business establishments by the 

Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS).

Collection

 In a monthly survey of business establishments, data 

are collected for total employment, job openings, hires, 

quits, layoffs and discharges, and other separations. 

Data collection methods include computer-assisted 

telephone interviewing, touchtone data entry, web, fax, 

e-mail, and mail.

Coverage

 The JOLTS program covers all private nonfarm establishments such as factories, offices, and stores, as well 

as federal, state, and local government entities in the 50 

states and the District of Columbia.

Concepts

 Industry classification. The industry classifications 

in this release are in accordance with the 2012 version 

of the North American Industry Classification System 

(NAICS). In order to ensure the highest possible quality of data, State Workforce Agencies verify with 

employers and update, if necessary, the industry code, 

location, and ownership classification of all establishments on a 3-year cycle. Changes in establishment 

characteristics resulting from the verification process 

are always introduced into the JOLTS sampling frame

with the data reported for the first month of the year.

 Employment. Employment includes persons on the 

payroll who worked or received pay for the pay period 

that includes the 12th day of the reference month. Fulltime, part-time, permanent, short-term, seasonal, salaried, and hourly employees are included, as are employees on paid vacations or other paid leave. 

Proprietors or partners of unincorporated businesses, 

unpaid family workers, or persons on leave without pay 

or on strike for the entire pay period, are not counted as 

employed. Employees of temporary help agencies, employee leasing companies, outside contractors, and 

consultants are counted by their employer of record, 

not by the establishment where they are working.

 Job openings. Establishments submit job openings 

information for the last business day of the reference 

month. A job opening requires that: 1) a specific position exists and there is work available for that position, 

2) work could start within 30 days regardless of 

whether a suitable candidate is found, and 3) the 

employer is actively recruiting from outside the 

establishment to fill the position. Included are fulltime, part-time, permanent, short-term, and seasonal 

openings. Active recruiting means that the establishment is taking steps to fill a position by advertising in 

newspapers or on the Internet, posting help-wanted 

signs, accepting applications, or using other similar 

methods.

 Jobs to be filled only by internal transfers, promotions, demotions, or recall from layoffs are excluded. 

Also excluded are jobs with start dates more than 30 

days in the future, jobs for which employees have been 

hired but have not yet reported for work, and jobs to be 

filled by employees of temporary help agencies, employee leasing companies, outside contractors, or 

consultants. The job openings rate is computed by 

dividing the number of job openings by the sum of 

employment and job openings and multiplying that 

quotient by 100.

 Hires. Hires are the total number of additions to the 

payroll occurring at any time during the reference 

month, including both new and rehired employees, fulltime and part-time, permanent, short-term and seasonal 

employees, employees recalled to the location after a 

layoff lasting more than 7 days, on-call or intermittent 

employees who returned to work after having been 

formally separated, and transfers from other locations. 

The hires count does not include transfers or promotions within the reporting site, employees returning 

from strike, employees of temporary help agencies or 

employee leasing companies, outside contractors, or 

consultants. The hires rate is computed by dividing the 

number of hires by employment and multiplying that 

quotient by 100.

 Separations. Separations are the total number of 

terminations of employment occurring at any time 

during the reference month, and are reported by type of 

separation—quits, layoffs and discharges, and other 

separations. Quits are voluntary separations by employees (except for retirements, which are reported as 

other separations). Layoffs and discharges are involuntary separations initiated by the employer and 

include layoffs with no intent to rehire; formal layoffs 

lasting or expected to last more than 7 days; discharges 

resulting from mergers, downsizing, or closings; firings 

or other discharges for cause; terminations of permanent or short-term employees; and terminations of 

seasonal employees. Other separations include retirements, transfers to other locations, deaths, and separations due to disability. Separations do not include 

transfers within the same location or employees on 

strike.
 The separations rate is computed by dividing the 

number of separations by employment and multiplying 

that quotient by 100. The quits, layoffs and discharges, 

and other separations rates are computed similarly, 

dividing the number by employment and multiplying 

by 100.

 Annual estimates. Annual estimates of rates and 

levels of hires, quits, layoffs and discharges, other separations, and total separations are released with the 

January news release each year.

 The JOLTS annual level estimates for hires, quits, 

layoffs and discharges, other separations, and total 

separations are the sum of the 12 published monthly 

levels. The annual rate estimates are computed by 

dividing the annual level by the Current Employment 

Statistics (CES) annual average employment level, and 

multiplying that quotient by 100. This figure will be 

approximately equal to the sum of the 12 monthly 

rates. Note that both the JOLTS and CES annual levels 

are rounded to the nearest thousand before the annual 

estimates are calculated. Consistent with BLS practices, annual estimates are published only for not seasonally adjusted data.

 Annual estimates are not calculated for job openings 

because job openings are a stock, or point-in-time, 

measurement for the last business day of each month. 

Only jobs still open on the last day of the month are 

counted. For the same reason job openings cannot be 

cumulated throughout each month, annual figures for 

job openings cannot be created by summing the 

monthly estimates. Hires and separations are flow 

measures and are cumulated over the month with a 

total reported for the month. Therefore, the annual figures can be created by summing the monthly estimates.

Special collection procedures

 An implied measure of employment change can be 

derived from the JOLTS data by subtracting separations from hires for a given month. Aggregating 

these monthly changes historically produced employment levels that overstated employment change as 

measured by CES at the total nonfarm level. Research 

into this problem showed that a significant amount of 

the divergence between the CES employment levels 

and the derived JOLTS employment levels was traceable to the Employment Services industry and to the 

State Government Education industry. In the former 

industry, businesses have a difficult time reporting 

hires and separations of temporary help workers. In 

the latter industry, employers have difficulty reporting 

hires and separations of student workers. BLS now devotes additional resources to the collection, editing, and 

review of data for these industries. BLS analysts more 

closely examine reported data that do not provide a 

consistent picture over time, and re-contact the 

respondents as necessary. Analysts work with the 

respondents to adjust their reporting practices as 

possible. Units that cannot be reconciled but are clearly incorrect on a consistent basis are not used; they are 

replaced by imputed values using standard techniques.

Sample and estimation methodology

 The JOLTS survey design is a stratified random 

sample of 16,400 nonfarm business establishments, 

including factories, offices, and stores, as well as 

federal, state, and local governments in the 50 states 

and the District of Columbia. The establishments are 

drawn from a universe of over 9.1 million 

establishments compiled as part of the operations of the 

Quarterly Census of Employment and Wages (QCEW)

program. This program includes all employers subject 

to state Unemployment Insurance (UI) laws and federal 

agencies subject to Unemployment Compensation for 

Federal Employees (UCFE).

 The sampling frame is stratified by ownership, region, 

industry sector, and establishment size class. The 

JOLTS sample is constructed from individual panels of 

sample units drawn on an annual basis. The full annual 

sample consists of one certainty panel composed of 

only large units selected with virtual certainty based on 

their size and 24 non-certainty panels. Each month a 

new non-certainty panel is rolled into collection, and 

the oldest non-certainty panel is rolled out. This means 

that at any given time the JOLTS sample is constructed 

from panels from three different annual sampling 

frames. The entire sample of old plus new panels is 

post-stratified and re-weighted annually to represent 

the most recent sampling frame. Additionally, the outof-business establishments are removed from the old 

panels. The annual sample is supplemented with a 

quarterly sample of birth establishments (i.e., new 

establishments) to better reflect the impact of younger 

establishments in the JOLTS sample.

 JOLTS total employment estimates are benchmarked

or ratio adjusted monthly to the strike-adjusted 

employment estimates of the Current Employment 

Statistics (CES) survey. A ratio of CES to JOLTS 

employment is used to adjust the levels for all other 

JOLTS data elements. 

JOLTS business birth/death model

 As with any sample survey, the JOLTS sample can 

only be as current as its sampling frame. The time lag 

from the birth of an establishment until its appearance 

on the sampling frame is approximately one year. In 

addition, many of these new units may fail within the 

first year. Since these universe units cannot be reflected on the sampling frame immediately, the JOLTS 
sample cannot capture job openings, hires, and separations from these units during their early existence. 

BLS has developed a model to estimate birth/death 

activity for current months by examining the birth/

death activity from previous years on the QCEW and 

projecting forward using the ratio of over-the-year CES 

employment change. The birth/death model also uses 

historical JOLTS data to estimate the amount of 

“churn” (hires and separations) that exists in 

establishments of various sizes. The model then 

combines the estimated churn with the projected 

employment change to estimate the number of hires 

and separations taking place in these units that cannot 

be measured through sampling. 

 The model-based estimate of total separations is 

distributed to the three components—quits; layoffs and 

discharges; and other separations—in proportion to 

their contribution to the sample-based estimate of total 

separations. Additionally, job openings for the modeled units are estimated by computing the ratio of 

openings to hires in the collected data and applying that 

ratio to the modeled hires. The estimates of job openings, hires, and separations produced by the birth/death 

model are then added to the sample-based estimates 

produced from the survey to arrive at the estimates for 

openings, hires, and separations.

Seasonal adjustment

 BLS seasonally adjusts several JOLTS series using 

the X-12 ARIMA seasonal adjustment program. 

Seasonal adjustment is the process of estimating and 

removing periodic fluctuations caused by events such 

as weather, holidays, and the beginning and ending of 

the school year. Seasonal adjustment makes it easier to 

observe fundamental changes in the level of the series, 

particularly those associated with general economic 

expansions and contractions. A concurrent seasonal 

adjustment methodology is used in which new seasonal 

adjustment factors are calculated each month, using all 

relevant data, up to and including the data for the 

current month.

 JOLTS uses moving averages as seasonal filters in 

seasonal adjustment. JOLTS seasonal adjustment includes both additive and multiplicative seasonal adjustment models and REGARIMA (regression with autocorrelated errors) modeling to improve the seasonal 

adjustment factors at the beginning and end of the 

series and to detect and adjust for outliers in the series.

Alignment procedure

JOLTS hires minus separations should be comparable 

to the CES net employment change. However, definitional differences as well as sampling and nonsampling errors between the two surveys historically 

caused JOLTS to diverge from CES over time. To limit 

the divergence, and improve the quality of the JOLTS 

hires and separations series, BLS implemented the 

Monthly Alignment Method. The Monthly Alignment 

Method applies the CES employment trends to the 

seasonally adjusted JOLTS implied employment trend 

(hires minus separations) forcing them to be 

approximately the same, while preserving the seasonality of the JOLTS data. First, the two series are 

seasonally adjusted and the difference between the 

JOLTS implied employment trend and the CES net 

employment change is calculated. Next, the JOLTS 

implied employment trend is adjusted to equal the CES 

net employment change through a proportional adjustment. This proportional adjustment procedure adjusts 

the two components (hires, separations) proportionally 

to their contribution to the total churn (hires plus separations). For example, if hires are 40 percent of the 

churn for a given month, they will receive 40 percent 

of the needed adjustment and separations will receive 

60 percent of the needed adjustment. The adjusted hires 

and separations are converted back to not seasonally 

adjusted data by reversing the application of the original seasonal factors. After the Monthly Alignment 

Method has been used to adjust the level estimates, rate 

estimates are computed from the adjusted levels. The 

monthly alignment procedure assures a close match of 

the JOLTS implied employment trend with the CES 

trend. The CES series is considered a highly accurate 

measure of net employment change owing to its very

large sample size and annual benchmarking to universe 

counts of employment from the QCEW program.

Historical changes in JOLTS data

 The JOLTS data series on job openings, hires, and 

separations are relatively new. The full sample is divided into panels, with one panel enrolled each month. 

A full complement of panels for the original data series 

based on the 1987 Standard Industrial Classification 

(SIC) system was not completely enrolled in the survey 

until January 2002. The supplemental panels of establishments needed to create NAICS estimates were not 

completely enrolled until May 2003. The data collected up until those points are from less than a full 

sample. Therefore, estimates from earlier months 

should be used with caution, as fewer sampled units 

were reporting data at that time.

In March 2002, BLS procedures for collecting hires 

and separations data were revised to address possible 

underreporting. As a result, JOLTS hires and separations estimates for months prior to March 2002 may 

not be comparable to estimates for March 2002 and 

later.

 The federal government reorganization that involved 

transferring approximately 180,000 employees to the 

new Department of Homeland Security is not reflected 
in the JOLTS hires and separations estimates for the 

federal government. The Office of Personnel Management's record shows these transfers were completed in 

March 2003. The inclusion of transfers in the JOLTS 

definitions of hires and separations is intended to cover 

ongoing movements of workers between establishments. The Department of Homeland Security reorganization was a massive one-time event, and the 

inclusion of these intergovernmental transfers would 

distort the federal government time series.

Reliability of the estimates

 JOLTS estimates are subject to both sampling and 

nonsampling error. When a sample rather than the entire population is surveyed, there is a chance that the 

sample estimates may differ from the "true" population 

values they represent. The exact difference, or sampling error, varies depending on the particular sample 

selected, and this variability is measured by the standard error of the estimate. BLS analysis is generally 

conducted at the 90-percent level of confidence. That 

means that there is a 90-percent chance, or level of 

confidence, that an estimate based on a sample will 

differ by no more than 1.6 standard errors from the 

"true" population value because of sampling error. 

Estimates of sampling errors are available upon request.

 The JOLTS estimates also are affected by nonsampling error. Nonsampling error can occur for many 

reasons, including the failure to include a segment of 

the population, the inability to obtain data from all 

units in the sample, the inability or unwillingness of 

respondents to provide data on a timely basis, mistakes 

made by respondents, errors made in the collection or 

processing of the data, and errors from the employment 

benchmark data used in estimation.

Other information

 Information in this release will be made available to 

sensory impaired individuals upon request. Voice 

phone: (202) 691-5200; Federal Relay Service: (800) 

877-8339.
Table 1. Job openings levels 1

 and rates 2 by industry and region, seasonally adjusted

July Feb. Mar. Apr. May June July July Feb. Mar. Apr. May June July

2011 2012 2012 2012 2012 2012 2012p 2011 2012 2012 2012 2012 2012 2012p

Total ........................................................................................................... 3,366 3,565 3,741 3,447 3,657 3,722 3,664 2.5 2.6 2.7 2.5 2.7 2.7 2.7

INDUSTRY

Total private 4............................................................................................ 3,044 3,163 3,362 3,093 3,285 3,346 3,277 2.7 2.8 2.9 2.7 2.9 2.9 2.9

Construction........................................................................ 77 73 92 69 69 68 76 1.4 1.3 1.6 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.4

Manufacturing................................................................ 246 271 308 259 297 296 271 2.0 2.2 2.5 2.1 2.4 2.4 2.2

Trade, transportation, and utilities 5.............................. 589 584 598 562 591 588 607 2.3 2.3 2.3 2.2 2.3 2.3 2.3

Retail trade................................................................................. 337 365 368 338 348 348 347 2.2 2.4 2.4 2.2 2.3 2.3 2.3

Professional and business services......................... 667 710 787 660 718 693 660 3.7 3.8 4.2 3.6 3.9 3.7 3.6

Education and health services 6........................................... 606 655 670 665 687 713 694 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.3

 Health care and social assistance... 533 598 605 610 629 660 603 3.1 3.4 3.5 3.5 3.6 3.7 3.4

Leisure and hospitality ...................................................... 362 408 431 419 432 460 477 2.6 2.9 3.1 3.0 3.1 3.3 3.4

Arts, entertainment, and recreation..................................... 71 48 57 61 52 47 49 3.6 2.5 2.8 3.1 2.6 2.4 2.5

Accommodation and food services......................... 291 360 375 358 381 413 428 2.5 3.0 3.1 3.0 3.2 3.4 3.5

Government 7......................................................................................... 322 402 378 354 372 376 388 1.4 1.8 1.7 1.6 1.7 1.7 1.7

State and local government.................................................................................... 268 338 310 282 302 304 326 1.4 1.7 1.6 1.5 1.6 1.6 1.7

REGION 8

Northeast ......................................................................... 583 671 688 679 675 664 670 2.3 2.6 2.6 2.6 2.6 2.6 2.6

South ............................................................................................... 1,244 1,402 1,453 1,370 1,474 1,490 1,409 2.5 2.8 2.9 2.8 3.0 3.0 2.8

Midwest ......................................................................................... 737 791 853 666 755 777 809 2.4 2.6 2.7 2.2 2.4 2.5 2.6

West ...................................................................................... 802 702 746 732 754 792 776 2.7 2.4 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.6 2.6

1

 Job openings are the number of job openings on the last business day of the 

8

 The States (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the 

month. regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New

 2 The job openings rate is the number of job openings on the last business day Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and 

of the month as a percent of total employment plus job openings. Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, 

 

3

 Detail will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North 

adjustment of the various series and because not all series are shown. Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and 

 

4

 Includes mining and logging, information, financial activities, and West Virginia; Midwest: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, 

other services, not shown separately. Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and 

 

5

 Includes wholesale trade and transportation, warehousing, and utilities, not Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, 

shown separately. Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and 

 

6

 Includes educational services, not shown separately. Wyoming.

 

7

 Includes federal government, not shown separately. 

p

 Preliminary

Table 2. Hires levels 1 and rates 2 by industry and region, seasonally adjusted

July Feb. Mar. Apr. May June July July Feb. Mar. Apr. May June July

2011 2012 2012 2012 2012 2012 2012p 2011 2012 2012 2012 2012 2012 2012p

Total ........................................................................................................... 4,112 4,444 4,335 4,213 4,461 4,284 4,229 3.1 3.3 3.3 3.2 3.4 3.2 3.2

INDUSTRY

Total private 4............................................................................................ 3,866 4,128 4,041 3,916 4,176 4,000 3,933 3.5 3.7 3.6 3.5 3.8 3.6 3.5

Construction........................................................................ 337 318 286 276 314 355 362 6.1 5.7 5.1 5.0 5.7 6.4 6.6

Manufacturing................................................................ 260 260 263 260 262 270 243 2.2 2.2 2.2 2.2 2.2 2.3 2.0

Trade, transportation, and utilities 5.............................. 806 815 827 826 872 821 834 3.2 3.2 3.3 3.3 3.4 3.2 3.3

Retail trade................................................................................. 568 551 550 556 577 556 569 3.9 3.7 3.7 3.8 3.9 3.8 3.9

Professional and business services......................... 821 973 888 888 982 931 830 4.7 5.5 5.0 5.0 5.5 5.2 4.6

Education and health services 6........................................... 479 527 523 495 540 494 502 2.4 2.6 2.6 2.4 2.7 2.4 2.5

 Health care and social assistance... 395 455 442 427 466 425 426 2.4 2.7 2.6 2.5 2.7 2.5 2.5

Leisure and hospitality ...................................................... 727 794 795 717 715 700 709 5.5 5.9 5.8 5.3 5.3 5.1 5.2

Arts, entertainment, and recreation..................................... 108 156 154 123 115 108 103 5.6 8.1 7.9 6.4 6.0 5.7 5.4

Accommodation and food services......................... 619 639 640 594 600 592 606 5.4 5.5 5.5 5.1 5.1 5.1 5.2

Government 7......................................................................................... 246 316 294 297 285 284 296 1.1 1.4 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3

State and local government.................................................................................... 223 284 264 263 254 256 270 1.2 1.5 1.4 1.4 1.3 1.3 1.4

REGION 8

Northeast ......................................................................... 716 756 711 673 696 701 674 2.9 3.0 2.8 2.7 2.7 2.8 2.7

South ............................................................................................... 1,525 1,748 1,677 1,676 1,781 1,691 1,656 3.2 3.6 3.5 3.5 3.7 3.5 3.4

Midwest ......................................................................................... 945 985 1,004 938 1,030 985 972 3.2 3.3 3.3 3.1 3.4 3.3 3.2

West ...................................................................................... 926 955 943 925 953 908 927 3.2 3.3 3.2 3.2 3.3 3.1 3.2

 1 Hires are the number of hires during the entire month. 6

 Includes educational services, not shown separately.

 2 The hires rate is the number of hires during the entire month as a percent of 7

 Includes federal government, not shown separately.

total employment. 8

 See footnote 8, table 1. 

3

 Detail will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal p Preliminary

adjustment of the various series and because not all series are shown.

4

 Includes mining and logging, information, financial activities, and 

other services, not shown separately.

5

 Includes wholesale trade and transportation, warehousing, and utilities, 

not shown separately.

Industry and region

Industry and region

Levels Rates 3 (in thousands)

Levels 3 (in thousands) Rates
Table 3. Total separations levels 1

 and rates 2 by industry and region, seasonally adjusted

July Feb. Mar. Apr. May June July July Feb. Mar. Apr. May June July

2011 2012 2012 2012 2012 2012 2012p 2011 2012 2012 2012 2012 2012 2012p

Total ........................................................................................................... 4,023 4,124 4,167 4,142 4,463 4,249 4,058 3.1 3.1 3.1 3.1 3.4 3.2 3.0

INDUSTRY

Total private 4............................................................................................ 3,723 3,823 3,869 3,838 4,163 3,943 3,760 3.4 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.7 3.5 3.4

Construction........................................................................ 339 317 281 290 359 342 364 6.2 5.7 5.1 5.2 6.5 6.2 6.6

Manufacturing................................................................ 231 235 234 239 248 263 226 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.1 2.2 1.9

Trade, transportation, and utilities 5.............................. 788 780 832 817 835 827 805 3.1 3.1 3.3 3.2 3.3 3.3 3.2

Retail trade................................................................................. 551 543 566 560 586 558 554 3.8 3.7 3.8 3.8 4.0 3.8 3.8

Professional and business services......................... 790 850 835 855 1,035 921 782 4.6 4.8 4.7 4.8 5.8 5.1 4.4

Education and health services 6........................................... 437 458 473 470 479 493 463 2.2 2.3 2.3 2.3 2.4 2.4 2.3

 Health care and social assistance.... 365 396 414 408 414 409 399 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.4 2.4 2.4 2.3

Leisure and hospitality ...................................................... 702 747 753 710 712 679 687 5.3 5.5 5.5 5.2 5.2 5.0 5.0

Arts, entertainment, and recreation..................................... 102 153 128 133 135 101 109 5.3 7.9 6.6 6.9 7.0 5.3 5.7

Accommodation and food services......................... 600 594 625 577 577 578 578 5.3 5.1 5.4 4.9 4.9 4.9 4.9

Government 7......................................................................................... 300 301 299 304 300 306 298 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.4

State and local government.................................................................................... 270 269 267 271 270 276 273 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.4

REGION 8

Northeast......................................................................... 694 703 624 697 690 668 690 2.8 2.8 2.5 2.8 2.7 2.6 2.7

South............................................................................................... 1,510 1,571 1,678 1,556 1,772 1,690 1,579 3.2 3.3 3.5 3.2 3.7 3.5 3.3

Midwest......................................................................................... 926 970 943 971 1,038 912 862 3.1 3.2 3.1 3.2 3.4 3.0 2.8

West...................................................................................... 893 880 923 918 963 979 926 3.1 3.0 3.2 3.1 3.3 3.4 3.2

 1 Total separations are the number of total separations during the entire 6

 Includes educational services, not shown separately.

month. 7

 Includes federal government, not shown separately.

 2 The total separations rate is the number of total separations during the 8

 See footnote 8, table 1. 

entire month as a percent of total employment. p

 Preliminary

3

 Detail will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent 

seasonal adjustment of the various series and because not all series are shown.

4

 Includes mining and logging, information, financial activities, 

and other services, not shown separately.

5

 Includes wholesale trade and transportation, warehousing, and utilities, 

not shown separately.

Table 4. Quits levels 1 and rates 2 by industry and region, seasonally adjusted

July Feb. Mar. Apr. May June July July Feb. Mar. Apr. May June July

2011 2012 2012 2012 2012 2012 2012p 2011 2012 2012 2012 2012 2012 2012p

Total ........................................................................................................... 2,002 2,072 2,159 2,114 2,176 2,133 2,160 1.5 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6

INDUSTRY

Total private 4............................................................................................ 1,880 1,947 2,025 1,969 2,041 1,998 2,028 1.7 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.8

Construction........................................................................ 74 75 74 70 79 86 89 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.4 1.6 1.6

Manufacturing................................................................ 104 102 112 114 117 108 104 .9 .9 .9 1.0 1.0 .9 .9

Trade, transportation, and utilities 5.............................. 425 461 472 455 440 465 475 1.7 1.8 1.9 1.8 1.7 1.8 1.9

Retail trade................................................................................. 321 345 343 332 318 330 333 2.2 2.3 2.3 2.3 2.2 2.2 2.3

Professional and business services......................... 392 371 380 396 439 400 378 2.3 2.1 2.1 2.2 2.5 2.2 2.1

Education and health services 6........................................... 241 287 284 266 269 269 276 1.2 1.4 1.4 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.4

 Health care and social assistance.... 209 256 253 238 239 229 245 1.3 1.5 1.5 1.4 1.4 1.3 1.4

Leisure and hospitality ...................................................... 406 425 471 445 448 440 435 3.0 3.1 3.5 3.3 3.3 3.2 3.2

Arts, entertainment, and recreation..................................... 44 58 47 47 52 49 46 2.3 3.0 2.4 2.5 2.7 2.6 2.4

Accommodation and food services......................... 362 368 425 398 396 391 389 3.2 3.2 3.6 3.4 3.4 3.3 3.3

Government 7......................................................................................... 122 125 134 145 136 135 131 .6 .6 .6 .7 .6 .6 .6

State and local government.................................................................................... 113 113 122 132 124 126 122 .6 .6 .6 .7 .6 .7 .6

REGION 8

Northeast ......................................................................... 270 314 278 309 305 300 298 1.1 1.2 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2

South ............................................................................................... 796 825 908 855 899 925 951 1.7 1.7 1.9 1.8 1.9 1.9 2.0

Midwest ......................................................................................... 483 493 508 495 521 474 443 1.6 1.6 1.7 1.6 1.7 1.6 1.5

West ...................................................................................... 453 440 465 456 452 434 468 1.6 1.5 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.5 1.6

 1 Quits are the number of quits during the entire month. 6

 Includes educational services, not shown separately.

 2 The quits rate is the number of quits during the entire month as a 7

 Includes federal government, not shown separately.

percent of total employment. 8

 See footnote 8, table 1. 

3

 Detail will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent p Preliminary

seasonal adjustment of the various series and because not all series are shown.

4

 Includes mining and logging, information, financial activities, 

and other services, not shown separately.

5

 Includes wholesale trade and transportation, warehousing, and utilities, 

not shown separately.

Industry and region

Industry and region

Levels 3 (in thousands) Rates

Levels 3 (in thousands) Rates
Table 5. Layoffs and discharges levels 1

 and rates 2 by industry and region, seasonally adjusted

July Feb. Mar. Apr. May June July July Feb. Mar. Apr. May June July

2011 2012 2012 2012 2012 2012 2012p 2011 2012 2012 2012 2012 2012 2012p

Total ........................................................................................................... 1,681 1,728 1,652 1,743 1,956 1,761 1,554 1.3 1.3 1.2 1.3 1.5 1.3 1.2

INDUSTRY

Total private 4............................................................................................ 1,566 1,610 1,552 1,644 1,852 1,655 1,454 1.4 1.5 1.4 1.5 1.7 1.5 1.3

Construction........................................................................ – – – – – – – – – – – – – –

Manufacturing................................................................ – – – – – – – – – – – – – –

Trade, transportation, and utilities 5.............................. – – – – – – – – – – – – – –

Retail trade................................................................................. – – – – – – – – – – – – – –

Professional and business services......................... – – – – – – – – – – – – – –

Education and health services 6........................................... – – – – – – – – – – – – – –

 Health care and social assistance... – – – – – – – – – – – – – –

Leisure and hospitality ...................................................... – – – – – – – – – – – – – –

Arts, entertainment, and recreation..................................... – – – – – – – – – – – – – –

Accommodation and food services......................... – – – – – – – – – – – – – –

Government 7......................................................................................... 115 117 100 98 104 106 100 .5 .5 .5 .4 .5 .5 .5

State and local government.................................................................................... – – – – – – – – – – – – – –

REGION 8

Northeast......................................................................... 343 327 277 334 331 298 318 1.4 1.3 1.1 1.3 1.3 1.2 1.3

South............................................................................................... 590 623 648 614 761 633 516 1.2 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.6 1.3 1.1

Midwest......................................................................................... 375 409 364 406 443 366 345 1.3 1.4 1.2 1.3 1.5 1.2 1.1

West...................................................................................... 373 369 364 388 421 464 374 1.3 1.3 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.6 1.3

 1 Layoffs and discharges are the number of layoffs and discharges during the 6

 Includes educational services, not shown separately.

entire month. 7

 Includes federal government, not shown separately.

 2 The layoffs and discharges rate is the number of layoffs and discharges during 8

 See footnote 8, table 1. 

the entire month as a percent of total employment. p

 Preliminary

3

 Detail will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent – Data not available.

seasonal adjustment of the various series and because not all series are shown.

4

 Includes mining and logging, information, financial activities, 

and other services, not shown separately.

5

 Includes wholesale trade and transportation, warehousing, and utilities, 

not shown separately.

Table 6. Other separations levels 1 and rates 2 by industry and region, seasonally adjusted

July Feb. Mar. Apr. May June July July Feb. Mar. Apr. May June July

2011 2012 2012 2012 2012 2012 2012p 2011 2012 2012 2012 2012 2012 2012p

Total ........................................................................................................... 340 325 356 285 331 355 344 .3 .2 .3 .2 .2 .3 .3

INDUSTRY

Total private 4............................................................................................ 277 266 292 224 270 290 277 .3 .2 .3 .2 .2 .3 .2

Construction........................................................................ – – – – – – – – – – – – – –

Manufacturing................................................................ – – – – – – – – – – – – – –

Trade, transportation, and utilities 5.............................. – – – – – – – – – – – – – –

Retail trade................................................................................. – – – – – – – – – – – – – –

Professional and business services......................... – – – – – – – – – – – – – –

Education and health services 6........................................... – – – – – – – – – – – – – –

 Health care and social assistance... – – – – – – – – – – – – – –

Leisure and hospitality ...................................................... – – – – – – – – – – – – – –

Arts, entertainment, and recreation..................................... – – – – – – – – – – – – – –

Accommodation and food services......................... – – – – – – – – – – – – – –

Government 7......................................................................................... 63 58 64 61 61 65 67 .3 .3 .3 .3 .3 .3 .3

State and local government.................................................................................... – – – – – – – – – – – – – –

REGION 8

Northeast ......................................................................... – – – – – – – – – – – – – –

South ............................................................................................... – – – – – – – – – – – – – –

Midwest ......................................................................................... – – – – – – – – – – – – – –

West ...................................................................................... – – – – – – – – – – – – – –

 1 Other separations are the number of other separations during the entire month. 6

 Includes educational services, not shown separately.

 2 The other separations rate is the number of other separations during the entire 7

 Includes federal government, not shown separately.

month as a percent of total employment. 8

 See footnote 8, table 1. 

3

 Detail will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent p Preliminary

seasonal adjustment of the various series and because not all series are shown. – Data not available.

4

 Includes mining and logging, information, financial activities, 

and other services, not shown separately.

5

 Includes wholesale trade and transportation, warehousing, and utilities, 

not shown separately.

Industry and region

Levels 3 (in thousands) Rates

Industry and region

Levels 3 (in thousands) Rates
Table 7. Job openings levels 1

 and rates 2 by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted

July June July July June July

2011 2012 2012p 2011 2012 2012p

Total........................................................................................................... 3,642 3,667 3,988 2.7 2.7 2.9

INDUSTRY

Total private............................................................................................ 3,303 3,264 3,574 2.9 2.8 3.1

Mining and logging...................................................41 17 16 4.9 2.0 1.9

Construction...................................................................................................... 93 71 93 1.6 1.2 1.6

Manufacturing..................................................................................... 275 308 299 2.3 2.5 2.4

Durable goods.............................................................................. 193 203 206 2.6 2.6 2.7

Nondurable goods....................................................................... 82 105 93 1.8 2.3 2.0

Trade, transportation, and utilities.................................................... 656 576 687 2.5 2.2 2.6

Wholesale trade........................................................................... 128 134 165 2.2 2.3 2.8

Retail trade................................................................................. 395 349 401 2.6 2.3 2.6

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities...................... 134 92 121 2.7 1.8 2.4

Information...................................................................................... 115 105 104 4.1 3.8 3.8

Financial activities........................................................................... 239 238 280 3.0 3.0 3.5

Finance and insurance..................................................................................... 175 190 173 2.9 3.2 2.9

Real estate and rental and leasing................................... 64 48 107 3.1 2.4 5.1

Professional and business services........................................ 693 634 685 3.8 3.4 3.7

Education and health services................................................................. 655 677 741 3.2 3.3 3.6

Educational services................................................................ 81 51 99 2.7 1.6 3.2

Health care and social assistance.................................. 574 626 642 3.3 3.6 3.6

Leisure and hospitality.................................................................. 391 478 531 2.7 3.3 3.6

Arts, entertainment, and recreation..................................... 71 48 49 3.1 2.2 2.2

Accommodation and food services............................... 320 431 482 2.6 3.5 3.8

Other services................................................................................. 146 160 139 2.6 2.9 2.5

Government......................................................................................... 339 403 413 1.6 1.8 2.0

Federal................................................................................................ 53 68 59 1.8 2.3 2.0

State and local.................................................................................... 286 336 354 1.6 1.7 1.9

REGION 3

Northeast......................................................................................... 625 659 719 2.4 2.5 2.8

South............................................................................................... 1,361 1,417 1,528 2.8 2.8 3.1

Midwest................................................................................................. 811 763 912 2.7 2.4 2.9

West....................................................................................................... 845 828 829 2.9 2.7 2.8

 1 Job openings are the number of job openings on the last business day of the month.

 2 The job openings rate is the number of job openings on the last business day of the month as a percent of total employment 

plus job openings.

 3 See footnote 8, table 1.

 p Preliminary

Industry and region

Levels (in thousands) Rates
Table 8. Hires levels 1

 and rates 2 by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted

July June July July June July

2011 2012 2012p 2011 2012 2012p

Total........................................................................................................... 4,578 4,988 4,703 3.5 3.7 3.5

INDUSTRY

Total private............................................................................................ 4,293 4,591 4,356 3.9 4.1 3.9

Mining and logging...................................................32 32 35 4.0 3.8 4.0

Construction...................................................................................................... 389 433 427 6.7 7.6 7.4

Manufacturing..................................................................................... 299 310 277 2.5 2.6 2.3

Durable goods.............................................................................. 162 187 153 2.2 2.5 2.0

Nondurable goods....................................................................... 138 123 124 3.1 2.7 2.7

Trade, transportation, and utilities.................................................... 831 846 861 3.3 3.3 3.4

Wholesale trade........................................................................... 115 119 138 2.1 2.1 2.4

Retail trade................................................................................. 564 567 572 3.8 3.8 3.9

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities...................... 151 159 151 3.1 3.2 3.1

Information...................................................................................... 54 68 67 2.0 2.6 2.5

Financial activities........................................................................... 179 213 201 2.3 2.7 2.6

Finance and insurance..................................................................................... 124 142 129 2.1 2.5 2.2

Real estate and rental and leasing................................... 55 71 72 2.8 3.6 3.6

Professional and business services........................................ 880 1,025 867 5.1 5.7 4.8

Education and health services................................................................. 563 585 589 2.9 2.9 2.9

Educational services................................................................ 111 77 104 3.8 2.5 3.4

Health care and social assistance.................................. 452 508 485 2.7 3.0 2.9

Leisure and hospitality.................................................................. 810 846 792 5.8 6.0 5.5

Arts, entertainment, and recreation..................................... 121 157 108 5.5 7.3 4.9

Accommodation and food services............................... 689 689 685 5.8 5.7 5.7

Other services................................................................................. 257 234 241 4.7 4.3 4.4

Government......................................................................................... 285 396 347 1.4 1.8 1.7

Federal................................................................................................ 24 41 25 .8 1.4 .9

State and local.................................................................................... 261 356 321 1.5 1.9 1.8

REGION 3

Northeast......................................................................................... 856 900 810 3.4 3.5 3.2

South............................................................................................... 1,651 1,845 1,779 3.5 3.8 3.7

Midwest................................................................................................. 993 1,182 1,019 3.3 3.9 3.4

West....................................................................................................... 1,078 1,061 1,095 3.7 3.6 3.8

 1 Hires are the number of hires during the entire month.

 2 The hires rate is the number of hires during the entire month as a percent of total employment.

 3 See footnote 8, table 1.

 p Preliminary

Industry and region

Levels (in thousands) Rates
Table 9. Total separations levels 1

 and rates 2 by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted

July June July July June July

2011 2012 2012p 2011 2012 2012p

Total........................................................................................................... 4,511 4,456 4,510 3.4 3.3 3.4

INDUSTRY

Total private............................................................................................ 4,108 3,947 4,118 3.7 3.5 3.7

Mining and logging...................................................22 25 32 2.7 3.0 3.7

Construction...................................................................................................... 340 294 379 5.9 5.1 6.6

Manufacturing..................................................................................... 244 257 236 2.1 2.1 2.0

Durable goods.............................................................................. 129 148 127 1.8 2.0 1.7

Nondurable goods....................................................................... 116 109 109 2.6 2.4 2.4

Trade, transportation, and utilities.................................................... 820 803 845 3.3 3.2 3.3

Wholesale trade........................................................................... 118 107 141 2.1 1.9 2.5

Retail trade................................................................................. 554 548 568 3.8 3.7 3.8

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities...................... 149 148 136 3.1 3.0 2.8

Information...................................................................................... 65 55 58 2.4 2.1 2.2

Financial activities........................................................................... 172 171 190 2.2 2.2 2.4

Finance and insurance..................................................................................... 121 120 118 2.1 2.1 2.0

Real estate and rental and leasing................................... 50 51 71 2.5 2.5 3.6

Professional and business services........................................ 879 898 848 5.0 5.0 4.7

Education and health services................................................................. 551 611 569 2.8 3.0 2.8

Educational services................................................................ 114 145 102 3.9 4.7 3.4

Health care and social assistance.................................. 436 466 467 2.6 2.7 2.8

Leisure and hospitality.................................................................. 765 676 743 5.5 4.8 5.2

Arts, entertainment, and recreation..................................... 93 80 90 4.2 3.7 4.1

Accommodation and food services............................... 672 596 653 5.7 5.0 5.4

Other services................................................................................. 251 158 217 4.6 2.9 4.0

Government......................................................................................... 403 509 392 1.9 2.3 1.9

Federal................................................................................................ 33 31 26 1.1 1.1 .9

State and local.................................................................................... 370 478 366 2.1 2.5 2.1

REGION 3

Northeast......................................................................................... 760 722 754 3.0 2.8 3.0

South............................................................................................... 1,714 1,763 1,786 3.6 3.6 3.7

Midwest................................................................................................. 1,017 957 916 3.4 3.1 3.0

West....................................................................................................... 1,021 1,014 1,054 3.5 3.4 3.6

 1 Total separations are the number of total separations during the entire month.

 2 The total separations rate is the number of total separations during the entire month as a percent of total employment.

 3 See footnote 8, table 1.

 p Preliminary

Industry and region

Levels (in thousands) Rates
Table 10. Quits levels 1

 and rates 2 by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted

July June July July June July

2011 2012 2012p 2011 2012 2012p

Total........................................................................................................... 2,323 2,324 2,504 1.8 1.7 1.9

INDUSTRY

Total private............................................................................................ 2,172 2,117 2,343 2.0 1.9 2.1

Mining and logging...................................................15 15 21 1.8 1.7 2.5

Construction...................................................................................................... 95 96 117 1.6 1.7 2.0

Manufacturing..................................................................................... 119 120 118 1.0 1.0 1.0

Durable goods.............................................................................. 55 62 59 .7 .8 .8

Nondurable goods....................................................................... 64 58 59 1.4 1.3 1.3

Trade, transportation, and utilities.................................................... 461 479 520 1.8 1.9 2.1

Wholesale trade........................................................................... 50 65 88 .9 1.1 1.5

Retail trade................................................................................. 341 339 358 2.3 2.3 2.4

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities...................... 71 74 75 1.5 1.5 1.5

Information...................................................................................... 35 33 44 1.3 1.3 1.6

Financial activities........................................................................... 113 94 104 1.5 1.2 1.3

Finance and insurance..................................................................................... 87 65 60 1.5 1.1 1.0

Real estate and rental and leasing................................... 26 29 44 1.3 1.5 2.2

Professional and business services........................................ 460 419 438 2.6 2.3 2.4

Education and health services................................................................. 282 292 321 1.4 1.5 1.6

Educational services................................................................ 44 54 43 1.5 1.7 1.4

Health care and social assistance.................................. 238 238 278 1.4 1.4 1.6

Leisure and hospitality.................................................................. 482 468 518 3.4 3.3 3.6

Arts, entertainment, and recreation..................................... 56 52 57 2.5 2.4 2.6

Accommodation and food services............................... 426 416 461 3.6 3.5 3.8

Other services................................................................................. 110 100 142 2.0 1.8 2.6

Government......................................................................................... 152 207 161 .7 .9 .8

Federal................................................................................................ 10 10 10 .4 .4 .3

State and local.................................................................................... 142 197 151 .8 1.0 .8

REGION 3

Northeast......................................................................................... 313 337 339 1.3 1.3 1.3

South............................................................................................... 923 987 1,107 1.9 2.0 2.3

Midwest................................................................................................. 565 523 510 1.9 1.7 1.7

West....................................................................................................... 523 478 549 1.8 1.6 1.9

 1 Quits are the number of quits during the entire month.

 2 The quits rate is the number of quits during the entire month as a percent of total employment.

 3 See footnote 8, table 1.

 p Preliminary

Industry and region

Levels (in thousands) Rates
Table 11. Layoffs and discharges levels 1

 and rates 2 by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted

July June July July June July

2011 2012 2012p 2011 2012 2012p

Total........................................................................................................... 1,786 1,712 1,587 1.4 1.3 1.2

INDUSTRY

Total private............................................................................................ 1,624 1,542 1,457 1.5 1.4 1.3

Mining and logging...................................................6 9 7 .7 1.0 .8

Construction...................................................................................................... 233 188 250 4.0 3.3 4.3

Manufacturing..................................................................................... 101 120 98 .9 1.0 .8

Durable goods.............................................................................. 60 74 59 .8 1.0 .8

Nondurable goods....................................................................... 41 46 38 .9 1.0 .8

Trade, transportation, and utilities.................................................... 266 248 245 1.1 1.0 1.0

Wholesale trade........................................................................... 49 32 41 .9 .6 .7

Retail trade................................................................................. 161 159 155 1.1 1.1 1.0

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities...................... 56 57 50 1.2 1.1 1.0

Information...................................................................................... 26 15 13 1.0 .6 .5

Financial activities........................................................................... 50 44 49 .6 .6 .6

Finance and insurance..................................................................................... 29 24 27 .5 .4 .5

Real estate and rental and leasing................................... 21 20 22 1.1 1.0 1.1

Professional and business services........................................ 375 418 334 2.2 2.3 1.9

Education and health services................................................................. 215 267 213 1.1 1.3 1.1

Educational services................................................................ 62 80 53 2.1 2.6 1.7

Health care and social assistance.................................. 153 188 160 .9 1.1 .9

Leisure and hospitality.................................................................. 222 177 188 1.6 1.2 1.3

Arts, entertainment, and recreation..................................... 34 26 31 1.5 1.2 1.4

Accommodation and food services............................... 188 151 157 1.6 1.3 1.3

Other services................................................................................. 131 56 61 2.4 1.0 1.1

Government......................................................................................... 162 169 130 .8 .8 .6

Federal................................................................................................ 10 9 6 .3 .3 .2

State and local.................................................................................... 153 161 124 .9 .8 .7

REGION 3

Northeast......................................................................................... 351 297 318 1.4 1.2 1.3

South............................................................................................... 644 621 542 1.4 1.3 1.1

Midwest................................................................................................. 373 349 322 1.3 1.1 1.1

West....................................................................................................... 419 444 405 1.5 1.5 1.4

 1 Layoffs and discharges are the number of layoffs and discharges during the entire month.

 2 The layoffs and discharges rate is the number of layoffs and discharges during the entire month as a percent of total 

employment.

 3 See footnote 8, table 1.

 p Preliminary

Industry and region

Levels (in thousands) Rates
Table 12. Other separations levels 1

 and rates 2 by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted

July June July July June July

2011 2012 2012p 2011 2012 2012p

Total........................................................................................................... 401 420 419 0.3 0.3 0.3

INDUSTRY

Total private............................................................................................ 313 288 317 .3 .3 .3

Mining and logging...................................................2 2 4 .2 .2 .4

Construction...................................................................................................... 13 10 13 .2 .2 .2

Manufacturing..................................................................................... 24 17 20 .2 .1 .2

Durable goods.............................................................................. 14 11 9 .2 .1 .1

Nondurable goods....................................................................... 10 6 11 .2 .1 .3

Trade, transportation, and utilities.................................................... 93 76 79 .4 .3 .3

Wholesale trade........................................................................... 19 9 12 .3 .2 .2

Retail trade................................................................................. 53 49 56 .4 .3 .4

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities...................... 22 17 12 .4 .3 .2

Information...................................................................................... 4 7 2 .2 .3 .1

Financial activities........................................................................... 9 32 37 .1 .4 .5

Finance and insurance..................................................................................... 6 31 31 .1 .5 .5

Real estate and rental and leasing................................... 3 2 6 .2 .1 .3

Professional and business services........................................ 44 61 77 .3 .3 .4

Education and health services................................................................. 54 52 34 .3 .3 .2

Educational services................................................................ 8 12 6 .3 .4 .2

Health care and social assistance.................................. 46 40 28 .3 .2 .2

Leisure and hospitality.................................................................. 60 30 38 .4 .2 .3

Arts, entertainment, and recreation..................................... 3 1 2 .1 .1 .1

Accommodation and food services............................... 58 29 36 .5 .2 .3

Other services................................................................................. 10 1 14 .2 (

4

) .3

Government......................................................................................... 89 132 102 .4 .6 .5

Federal................................................................................................ 13 12 10 .4 .4 .4

State and local.................................................................................... 76 120 91 .4 .6 .5

REGION 3

Northeast......................................................................................... 96 88 98 .4 .3 .4

South............................................................................................... 147 154 136 .3 .3 .3

Midwest................................................................................................. 79 85 84 .3 .3 .3

West....................................................................................................... 79 92 101 .3 .3 .3

 1 Other separations are the number of other separations during the entire month.

 2 The other separations rate is the number of other separations during the entire month as a percent of total employment.

 3 See footnote 8, table 1.

 4 Data round to zero.

 p Preliminary

Industry and region

Levels (in thousands) Rates