For release 10:00 a.m. (EDT) Wednesday, August 10, 2016 USDL-16-1653

Technical information: (202) 691-5870 • JoltsInfo@bls.gov • www.bls.gov/jlt

Media contact: (202) 691-5902 • PressOffice@bls.gov

JOB OPENINGS AND LABOR TURNOVER – JUNE 2016

The number of job openings was little changed at 5.6 million on the last business day of June, the U.S. 

Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today. Hires and separations were little changed at 5.1 million and 

4.9 million, respectively. Within separations, the quits rate was 2.0 percent and the layoffs and 

discharges rate was 1.1 percent. This release includes estimates of the number and rate of job openings, 

hires, and separations for the nonfarm sector by industry and by four geographic regions.

Job Openings

In June, there were 5.6 million job openings, little changed from May. The job openings rate in June 

was 3.8 percent. The number of job openings was essentially unchanged for total nonfarm, total private, 

and government. Job openings increased in durable goods manufacturing (+37,000) and decreased in 

federal government (-15,000). In the regions, job openings increased in the South. (See table 1.)

Hires

The number of hires was 5.1 million in June, essentially the same as May. The hires rate was 3.6

percent in June. The number of hires was little changed for total private and for government. Hires was 

also little changed in all industries. The number of hires increased in the Northeast region. (See table 2.)

Separations

Total separations includes quits, layoffs and discharges, and other separations. Total separations is 

referred to as turnover. Quits are generally voluntary separations initiated by the employee. Therefore, 

the quits rate can serve as a measure of workers’ willingness or ability to leave jobs. Layoffs and 

 2.0

 2.2

 2.4

 2.6

 2.8

 3.0

 3.2

 3.4

 3.6

 3.8

 4.0

 4.2

 4.4

Jun-13 Sep-13 Dec-13 Mar-14 Jun-14 Sep-14 Dec-14 Mar-15 Jun-15 Sep-15 Dec-15 Mar-16 Jun-16

Percent

Chart 1. Job openings rate, seasonally adjusted,

June 2013 - June 2016

2.0

2.2

2.4

2.6

2.8

3.0

3.2

3.4

3.6

3.8

4.0

4.2

4.4

Jun-13 Sep-13 Dec-13 Mar-14 Jun-14 Sep-14 Dec-14 Mar-15 Jun-15 Sep-15 Dec-15 Mar-16 Jun-16

Hires

Separations

Percent

Chart 2. Hires and total separations rates, seasonally adjusted,

June 2013 - June 2016
- 2 -

discharges are involuntary separations initiated by the employer. Other separations includes separations 

due to retirement, death, disability, and transfers to other locations of the same firm.

There were 4.9 million total separations in June, little changed from May. The total separations rate in 

June was 3.4 percent. The number of total separations was essentially unchanged over the month for 

total private and for government. The number of total separations was little changed over the month at 

the industry level and in all four regions. (See table 3.)

The number of quits held steady in June at 2.9 million. The quits rate was 2.0 percent. Over the month, 

the number of quits was little changed for total private and increased for government (+18,000). The 

number of quits increased in state and local government education (+20,000) and was little changed in 

all other industries. The number of quits was little changed in all four regions. (See table 4.)

There were 1.6 million layoffs and discharges in June, essentially unchanged from May. The layoffs 

and discharges rate was 1.1 percent. The number of layoffs and discharges held steady over the month 

for total private and edged down for government (-19,000). Layoffs and discharges decreased in state 

and local government education (-14,000). The number of layoffs and discharges was little changed over 

the month in all four regions. (See table 5.)

The number of other separations was little changed for total nonfarm, total private, and government in 

June. Other separations increased in educational services (+8,000). Other separations was essentially 

unchanged over the month in all four regions. (See table 6.)

Net Change in Employment

Large numbers of hires and separations occur every month throughout the business cycle. Net 

employment change results from the relationship between hires and separations. When the number of 

hires exceeds the number of separations, employment rises, even if the hires level is steady or declining. 

Conversely, when the number of hires is less than the number of separations, employment declines, even 

if the hires level is steady or rising. Over the 12 months ending in June, hires totaled 62.3 million and 

separations totaled 59.8 million, yielding a net employment gain of 2.5 million. These totals include 

workers who may have been hired and separated more than once during the year.

The Job Openings and Labor Turnover Survey results for July 2016 are scheduled to be released 

on Wednesday, September 7, 2016 at 10:00 a.m. (EDT).
Table A. Job openings, hires, and total separations by industry, seasonally adjusted

Category

Job openings Hires Total separations

June

2015

May

2016

June

2016p

June

2015

May

2016

June

2016p

June

2015

May

2016

June

2016p

LEVELS BY INDUSTRY

(in thousands)

Total................................................... 5,168 5,514 5,624 5,147 5,047 5,131 4,937 4,978 4,909

Total private....................................... 4,718 4,986 5,106 4,823 4,695 4,776 4,599 4,642 4,569

Mining and logging1............................ 19 11 13 24 20 24 25 26 26

Construction1................................... 156 193 208 322 325 282 343 338 298

Manufacturing.................................. 284 350 377 268 268 283 268 294 270

Durable goods1.............................. 182 180 217 155 160 165 159 183 165

Nondurable goods1

.......................... 103 170 160 113 108 118 109 111 105

Trade, transportation, and utilities........... 898 970 987 1,126 1,019 1,034 1,064 1,010 1,037

Wholesale trade1............................ 164 162 179 165 142 147 154 132 135

Retail trade................................... 534 605 589 774 710 707 739 706 696

Transportation, warehousing, and

utilities1

..................................... 200 202 219 186 167 180 171 173 206

Information1

..................................... 98 95 94 79 69 76 75 75 66

Financial activities.............................. 260 305 309 203 192 200 186 186 178

Finance and insurance..................... 188 249 236 142 130 134 129 126 120

Real estate and rental and leasing1. . . . .. 72 56 73 62 62 65 57 60 58

Professional and business services......... 1,143 1,032 1,054 1,039 987 988 969 966 954

Education and health services............... 1,015 1,073 1,119 594 644 641 553 593 599

Educational services1

....................... 92 87 97 86 102 89 88 92 96

Health care and social assistance. . . . . . .. 924 985 1,021 508 541 551 465 501 504

Leisure and hospitality........................ 691 791 770 932 986 1,022 881 969 935

Arts, entertainment, and recreation. . . . . .. 61 87 81 149 146 175 140 155 144

Accommodation and food services. . . . . .. 630 704 689 783 840 847 741 815 791

Other services1................................. 153 167 174 237 187 227 235 184 207

Government....................................... 450 528 518 324 352 355 338 335 340

Federal1

......................................... 65 93 78 34 41 37 36 32 33

State and local................................. 385 435 441 290 311 319 302 303 307

State and local education.................. 146 144 136 133 160 155 150 146 155

State and local, excluding education1

. . .. 239 291 305 157 151 163 152 157 153

RATES BY INDUSTRY

(percent)

Total................................................... 3.5 3.7 3.8 3.6 3.5 3.6 3.5 3.5 3.4

Total private....................................... 3.8 3.9 4.0 4.0 3.9 3.9 3.8 3.8 3.7

Mining and logging1

............................ 2.3 1.5 1.9 2.9 2.9 3.4 3.0 3.7 3.8

Construction1

................................... 2.4 2.8 3.0 5.0 4.9 4.2 5.3 5.1 4.5

Manufacturing.................................. 2.3 2.8 3.0 2.2 2.2 2.3 2.2 2.4 2.2

Durable goods1

.............................. 2.3 2.3 2.7 2.0 2.1 2.1 2.0 2.4 2.1

Nondurable goods1.......................... 2.2 3.6 3.4 2.5 2.3 2.6 2.4 2.4 2.3

Trade, transportation, and utilities........... 3.2 3.4 3.5 4.2 3.7 3.8 4.0 3.7 3.8

Wholesale trade1

............................ 2.7 2.7 2.9 2.8 2.4 2.5 2.6 2.2 2.3

Retail trade................................... 3.3 3.7 3.6 5.0 4.5 4.4 4.7 4.4 4.4

Transportation, warehousing, and

utilities1

..................................... 3.6 3.6 3.9 3.5 3.1 3.3 3.2 3.2 3.8

Information1

..................................... 3.4 3.3 3.3 2.9 2.5 2.7 2.7 2.7 2.4

Financial activities.............................. 3.1 3.6 3.6 2.5 2.3 2.4 2.3 2.2 2.1

Finance and insurance..................... 3.0 3.9 3.7 2.3 2.1 2.2 2.1 2.0 2.0

Real estate and rental and leasing1. . . . .. 3.3 2.5 3.3 3.0 2.9 3.1 2.7 2.8 2.7

Professional and business services......... 5.5 4.9 5.0 5.3 4.9 4.9 4.9 4.8 4.7

Education and health services............... 4.4 4.5 4.7 2.7 2.8 2.8 2.5 2.6 2.6

Educational services1

....................... 2.6 2.4 2.7 2.5 2.9 2.5 2.6 2.6 2.7

Health care and social assistance. . . . . . .. 4.7 4.9 5.1 2.7 2.8 2.9 2.5 2.6 2.6

Leisure and hospitality........................ 4.4 4.9 4.7 6.2 6.4 6.6 5.8 6.3 6.0

Arts, entertainment, and recreation. . . . . .. 2.7 3.8 3.5 6.9 6.6 7.8 6.5 7.0 6.4

Accommodation and food services. . . . . .. 4.6 5.1 4.9 6.1 6.3 6.4 5.7 6.2 6.0

Other services1

................................. 2.7 2.9 3.0 4.2 3.3 4.0 4.2 3.2 3.6

See footnotes at end of table.
Table A. Job openings, hires, and total separations by industry, seasonally adjusted — Continued

Category

Job openings Hires Total separations

June

2015

May

2016

June

2016p

June

2015

May

2016

June

2016p

June

2015

May

2016

June

2016p

Government....................................... 2.0 2.3 2.3 1.5 1.6 1.6 1.5 1.5 1.5

Federal1

......................................... 2.3 3.2 2.7 1.2 1.5 1.3 1.3 1.2 1.2

State and local................................. 2.0 2.2 2.2 1.5 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6

State and local education.................. 1.4 1.4 1.3 1.3 1.6 1.5 1.5 1.4 1.5

State and local, excluding education1

. . .. 2.6 3.1 3.3 1.7 1.7 1.8 1.7 1.7 1.7

1 No regular seasonal movements could be identified in this series; therefore, identical numbers appear for the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted

series.

p Preliminary
Technical Note

This news release presents statistics from the Job 

Openings and Labor Turnover Survey (JOLTS). The 

Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) collects and compiles 

JOLTS data monthly from a sample of nonfarm 

establishments. A more detailed discussion of JOLTS 

concepts and methodology is available online at

www.bls.gov/opub/hom/pdf/homch18.pdf.

Coverage and collection

The JOLTS program covers all private nonfarm establishments, as well as federal, state, and local government 

entities in the 50 states and the District of Columbia. Data 

are collected for total employment, job openings, hires, 

quits, layoffs and discharges, other separations, and total 

separations.

Concepts

Industry classification. The industry classifications in 

this release are in accordance with the 2012 version of the 

North American Industry Classification System (NAICS).

Employment. Employment includes persons on the 

payroll who worked or received pay for the pay period 

that includes the 12th day of the reference month. Fulltime, part-time, permanent, short-term, seasonal, salaried, 

and hourly employees are included, as are employees on 

paid vacations or other paid leave. Proprietors or partners 

of unincorporated businesses, unpaid family workers, or 

persons on leave without pay or on strike for the entire 

pay period, are not counted as employed. Employees of 

temporary help agencies, employee leasing companies, 

outside contractors, and consultants are counted by their 

employer of record, not by the establishment where they 

are working.

Job openings. Job openings information is collected for 

the last business day of the reference month. A job 

opening requires that: 1) a specific position exists and 

there is work available for that position, 2) work could 

start within 30 days whether or not the employer found a 

suitable candidate, and 3) the employer is actively 

recruiting from outside the establishment to fill the 

position. Included are full-time, part-time, permanent, 

short-term, and seasonal openings. Active recruiting 

means that the establishment is taking steps to fill a 

position by advertising in newspapers or on the Internet, 

posting help-wanted signs, accepting applications, or 

using other similar methods.

Jobs to be filled only by internal transfers, promotions, 

demotions, or recall from layoffs are excluded. Also 

excluded are jobs with start dates more than 30 days in 

the future, jobs for which employees have been hired but 

have not yet reported for work, and jobs to be filled by 

employees of temporary help agencies, employee leasing 

companies, outside contractors, or consultants. The job 

openings rate is computed by dividing the number of job 

openings by the sum of employment and job openings and 

multiplying that quotient by 100.

Hires. The hires level is the total number of additions to 

the payroll occurring at any time during the reference 

month, including both new and rehired employees, fulltime and part-time, permanent, short-term and seasonal 

employees, employees recalled to the location after a 

layoff lasting more than 7 days, on-call or intermittent 

employees who returned to work after having been 

formally separated, and transfers from other locations. 

The hires count does not include transfers or promotions 

within the reporting site, employees returning from strike, 

employees of temporary help agencies or employee 

leasing companies, outside contractors, or consultants. 

The hires rate is computed by dividing the number of 

hires by employment and multiplying that quotient by 

100.

Separations. The separations level is the total number of 

employment terminations occurring at any time during the 

reference month, and is reported by type of separation—

quits, layoffs and discharges, and other separations. 

(Some respondents are only able to report total 

separations.) The quits count includes voluntary 

separations by employees (except for retirements, which 

are reported as other separations). The layoffs and 

discharges count is comprised of involuntary separations 

initiated by the employer and includes layoffs with no 

intent to rehire; formal layoffs lasting or expected to last 

more than 7 days; discharges resulting from mergers, 

downsizing, or closings; firings or other discharges for 

cause; terminations of permanent or short-term 

employees; and terminations of seasonal employees. The 

other separations count includes retirements, transfers to 

other locations, deaths, and separations due to disability. 

The separations count does not include transfers within 

the same location or employees on strike. The separations 

rate is computed by dividing the number of separations by 

employment and multiplying that quotient by 100. The 

quits, layoffs and discharges, and other separations rates 

are computed similarly.

Annual estimates. Annual levels for hires, quits, layoffs 

and discharges, other separations, and total separations 

are the sum of the 12 published monthly levels. Annual 

rates are computed by dividing the annual level by the 

Current Employment Statistics (CES) annual average 

employment level, and multiplying that quotient by 100. 

This figure will be approximately equal to the sum of the 

12 monthly rates. Consistent with BLS practice, annual 

estimates are published only for not seasonally adjusted 

data and are released with the January news release each 

year. Annual estimates are not calculated for job openings 

because job openings are a stock, or point-in-time, 

measurement for the last business day of each month.
Sample and estimation methodology

The JOLTS survey design is a stratified random sample of 

16,000 nonfarm business and government establishments. 

The sample is stratified by ownership, region, industry 

sector, and establishment size class. The establishments 

are drawn from a universe of over 9.1 million 

establishments compiled by the Quarterly Census of 

Employment and Wages (QCEW) program which

includes all employers subject to state unemployment 

insurance laws and federal agencies subject to the 

Unemployment Compensation for Federal Employees

program.

JOLTS total employment estimates are benchmarked, or 

ratio adjusted, monthly to the strike-adjusted employment 

estimates of the CES survey. A ratio of CES to JOLTS 

employment is used to adjust the levels for all other 

JOLTS data elements.

JOLTS business birth/death model

As with any sample survey, the JOLTS sample can only 

be as current as its sampling frame. The time lag from the 

birth of an establishment until its appearance on the 

sampling frame is approximately one year. In addition, 

many of these new units may fail within the first year. 

Since these universe units cannot be reflected on the 

sampling frame immediately, the JOLTS sample cannot 

capture job openings, hires, and separations from these 

units during their early existence. To compensate for the 

inability to capture data from these establishments, BLS 

has developed a birth/death model that uses birth and 

death activity from previous years. The estimates of job 

openings, hires, and separations produced by the 

birth/death model are added to the sample-based estimates 

produced from the survey to arrive at the estimates for 

openings, hires, and separations.

Seasonal adjustment

BLS uses X-13 ARIMA to seasonally adjust several 

JOLTS series utilizing moving averages as seasonal 

filters. A concurrent seasonal adjustment methodology is 

used in which new seasonal adjustment factors are 

calculated each month, using all relevant data, up to and 

including current month data. JOLTS seasonal adjustment 

includes both additive and multiplicative models and 

REGARIMA (regression with auto-correlated errors) 

modeling to improve the seasonal adjustment factors at 

the beginning and end of the series and to detect and 

adjust for outliers in the series.

Alignment procedure

The JOLTS measures for hires minus separations can be 

used to derive a measure of net employment change. This 

change should be comparable to the net employment 

change from the much larger CES survey. However, 

definitional differences as well as sampling and nonsampling errors between the two surveys historically 

caused JOLTS to diverge from CES over time. To limit 

the divergence, and improve the quality of the JOLTS 

hires and separations series, BLS implemented the 

Monthly Alignment Method.

This method applies the CES employment trends to the 

seasonally adjusted JOLTS implied employment trend 

(hires minus separations) forcing them to be 

approximately the same, while preserving the seasonality 

of the JOLTS data. First, the two series are seasonally 

adjusted and the difference between the JOLTS implied 

employment change and the CES net employment change 

is calculated. Next, the JOLTS implied employment 

change is adjusted to equal the CES net employment 

change through a proportional adjustment. This procedure 

adjusts the two components (hires, separations) 

proportionally to their contribution to the total churn 

(hires plus separations). The adjusted hires and 

separations are converted back to not seasonally adjusted 

data by reversing the application of the original seasonal 

factors. After the Monthly Alignment Method has been 

used to adjust the level estimates, rate estimates are 

computed from the adjusted levels. 

Reliability of the estimates

JOLTS estimates are subject to both sampling and 

nonsampling error. When a sample is surveyed rather than 

the entire population, there is a chance that the sample 

estimates may differ from the "true" population values 

they represent. The exact difference, or sampling error, 

varies depending on the particular sample selected, and 

this variability is measured by the standard error of the 

estimate. BLS analysis is generally conducted at the 90-

percent level of confidence. That means that there is a 90-

percent chance, or level of confidence, that an estimate 

based on a sample will differ by no more than 1.6 

standard errors from the "true" population value because 

of sampling error. Sampling error estimates are available

at www.bls.gov/jlt/jolts_median_standard_errors.htm.

The JOLTS estimates also are affected by non-sampling 

error. Nonsampling error can occur for many reasons, 

including the failure to include a segment of the 

population, the inability to obtain data from all units in 

the sample, the inability or unwillingness of respondents 

to provide data on a timely basis, mistakes made by 

respondents, errors made in the collection or processing 

of the data, and errors from the employment benchmark 

data used in estimation.

Other information

Information in this release will be made available to 

sensory impaired individuals upon request. Voice phone: 

(202) 691-5200; Federal Relay Service: (800) 877-8339.
Table 1. Job openings levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted1

Industry and region

Levels (in thousands) Rates2

June

2015

Feb.

2016

Mar.

2016

Apr.

2016

May

2016

June

2016p

June

2015

Feb.

2016

Mar.

2016

Apr.

2016

May

2016

June

2016p

Total............................................... 5,168 5,608 5,670 5,845 5,514 5,624 3.5 3.8 3.8 3.9 3.7 3.8

INDUSTRY

Total private................................... 4,718 5,132 5,175 5,311 4,986 5,106 3.8 4.1 4.1 4.2 3.9 4.0

Mining and logging3

....................... 19 10 9 14 11 13 2.3 1.3 1.3 2.0 1.5 1.9

Construction3............................... 156 201 215 193 193 208 2.4 2.9 3.1 2.8 2.8 3.0

Manufacturing.............................. 284 320 337 397 350 377 2.3 2.5 2.7 3.1 2.8 3.0

Durable goods3

.......................... 182 169 167 208 180 217 2.3 2.1 2.1 2.6 2.3 2.7

Nondurable goods3

...................... 103 151 170 190 170 160 2.2 3.2 3.6 4.0 3.6 3.4

Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . .. 898 1,026 975 1,060 970 987 3.2 3.6 3.5 3.7 3.4 3.5

Wholesale trade3

........................ 164 216 189 255 162 179 2.7 3.5 3.1 4.1 2.7 2.9

Retail trade............................... 534 649 605 589 605 589 3.3 3.9 3.7 3.6 3.7 3.6

Transportation, warehousing, and

utilities3

................................. 200 161 181 215 202 219 3.6 2.9 3.2 3.8 3.6 3.9

Information3................................. 98 87 75 101 95 94 3.4 3.1 2.6 3.5 3.3 3.3

Financial activities......................... 260 351 326 387 305 309 3.1 4.1 3.8 4.5 3.6 3.6

Finance and insurance................. 188 261 257 278 249 236 3.0 4.1 4.0 4.3 3.9 3.7

Real estate and rental and leasing3

... 72 91 69 109 56 73 3.3 4.1 3.2 4.9 2.5 3.3

Professional and business services. . . .. 1,143 1,101 1,145 961 1,032 1,054 5.5 5.2 5.4 4.6 4.9 5.0

Education and health services........... 1,015 1,047 1,042 1,112 1,073 1,119 4.4 4.4 4.4 4.7 4.5 4.7

Educational services3

................... 92 113 85 126 87 97 2.6 3.1 2.4 3.5 2.4 2.7

Health care and social assistance. . .. 924 934 957 986 985 1,021 4.7 4.7 4.8 4.9 4.9 5.1

Leisure and hospitality.................... 691 751 781 793 791 770 4.4 4.6 4.8 4.9 4.9 4.7

Arts, entertainment, and recreation. .. 61 69 80 76 87 81 2.7 3.0 3.5 3.3 3.8 3.5

Accommodation and food services. .. 630 682 701 717 704 689 4.6 4.9 5.0 5.1 5.1 4.9

Other services3

............................. 153 238 269 293 167 174 2.7 4.0 4.5 4.9 2.9 3.0

Government................................... 450 475 494 534 528 518 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.4 2.3 2.3

Federal3

..................................... 65 88 90 84 93 78 2.3 3.1 3.2 2.9 3.2 2.7

State and local............................. 385 387 404 449 435 441 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.3 2.2 2.2

State and local education.............. 146 147 145 146 144 136 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.3

State and local, excluding

education3

............................. 239 240 259 303 291 305 2.6 2.6 2.8 3.2 3.1 3.3

REGION4

Northeast...................................... 805 895 898 915 966 904 3.0 3.3 3.3 3.3 3.5 3.3

South........................................... 2,027 2,110 2,152 2,171 1,995 2,196 3.8 3.9 4.0 4.0 3.7 4.0

Midwest........................................ 1,168 1,283 1,308 1,323 1,243 1,257 3.6 3.8 3.9 4.0 3.7 3.8

West............................................ 1,168 1,319 1,311 1,435 1,310 1,267 3.5 3.9 3.9 4.2 3.9 3.7

1

Job openings are the number of job openings on the last business day of the month.

2 The job openings rate is the number of job openings on the last business day of the month as a percent of total employment plus job openings.

3 No regular seasonal movements could be identified in this series; therefore, identical numbers appear for the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted

series.

4 The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New

Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia,

Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest:

Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona,

California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.

p Preliminary
Table 2. Hires levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted1

Industry and region

Levels (in thousands) Rates2

June

2015

Feb.

2016

Mar.

2016

Apr.

2016

May

2016

June

2016p

June

2015

Feb.

2016

Mar.

2016

Apr.

2016

May

2016

June

2016p

Total............................................... 5,147 5,510 5,290 5,085 5,047 5,131 3.6 3.8 3.7 3.5 3.5 3.6

INDUSTRY

Total private................................... 4,823 5,154 4,912 4,734 4,695 4,776 4.0 4.2 4.0 3.9 3.9 3.9

Mining and logging......................... 24 23 26 22 20 24 2.9 3.2 3.6 3.1 2.9 3.4

Construction................................ 322 341 346 339 325 282 5.0 5.1 5.2 5.1 4.9 4.2

Manufacturing.............................. 268 276 251 269 268 283 2.2 2.2 2.0 2.2 2.2 2.3

Durable goods........................... 155 163 145 154 160 165 2.0 2.1 1.9 2.0 2.1 2.1

Nondurable goods....................... 113 113 106 115 108 118 2.5 2.4 2.3 2.5 2.3 2.6

Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . .. 1,126 1,182 1,094 1,031 1,019 1,034 4.2 4.3 4.0 3.8 3.7 3.8

Wholesale trade......................... 165 147 164 148 142 147 2.8 2.5 2.8 2.5 2.4 2.5

Retail trade............................... 774 856 769 714 710 707 5.0 5.4 4.8 4.5 4.5 4.4

Transportation, warehousing, and

utilities.................................. 186 178 161 169 167 180 3.5 3.3 3.0 3.1 3.1 3.3

Information.................................. 79 80 74 85 69 76 2.9 2.9 2.7 3.0 2.5 2.7

Financial activities......................... 203 234 218 202 192 200 2.5 2.8 2.7 2.5 2.3 2.4

Finance and insurance................. 142 164 135 132 130 134 2.3 2.7 2.2 2.1 2.1 2.2

Real estate and rental and leasing. .. 62 70 83 71 62 65 3.0 3.3 3.9 3.3 2.9 3.1

Professional and business services. . . .. 1,039 1,110 1,071 1,031 987 988 5.3 5.5 5.3 5.1 4.9 4.9

Education and health services........... 594 651 615 605 644 641 2.7 2.9 2.7 2.7 2.8 2.8

Educational services.................... 86 101 82 96 102 89 2.5 2.9 2.3 2.7 2.9 2.5

Health care and social assistance. . .. 508 550 534 509 541 551 2.7 2.9 2.8 2.7 2.8 2.9

Leisure and hospitality.................... 932 1,062 1,001 959 986 1,022 6.2 6.9 6.5 6.2 6.4 6.6

Arts, entertainment, and recreation. .. 149 152 150 127 146 175 6.9 6.9 6.7 5.7 6.6 7.8

Accommodation and food services. .. 783 909 852 832 840 847 6.1 6.9 6.4 6.3 6.3 6.4

Other services.............................. 237 195 215 191 187 227 4.2 3.4 3.8 3.4 3.3 4.0

Government................................... 324 357 379 351 352 355 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.6 1.6 1.6

Federal...................................... 34 43 40 37 41 37 1.2 1.6 1.4 1.3 1.5 1.3

State and local............................. 290 313 339 315 311 319 1.5 1.6 1.8 1.6 1.6 1.6

State and local education.............. 133 152 174 152 160 155 1.3 1.5 1.7 1.5 1.6 1.5

State and local, excluding

education.............................. 157 161 165 162 151 163 1.7 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.7 1.8

REGION3

Northeast...................................... 775 850 829 814 777 871 2.9 3.2 3.1 3.1 2.9 3.3

South........................................... 2,052 2,083 2,069 1,969 1,907 1,854 4.0 4.0 4.0 3.8 3.6 3.5

Midwest........................................ 1,140 1,276 1,254 1,075 1,152 1,179 3.6 4.0 3.9 3.3 3.6 3.7

West............................................ 1,180 1,302 1,138 1,227 1,211 1,227 3.7 4.0 3.5 3.8 3.7 3.7

1 Hires are the number of hires during the entire month.

2 The hires rate is the number of hires during the entire month as a percent of total employment.

3 The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New

Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia,

Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest:

Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona,

California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.

p Preliminary
Table 3. Total separations levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted1

Industry and region

Levels (in thousands) Rates2

June

2015

Feb.

2016

Mar.

2016

Apr.

2016

May

2016

June

2016p

June

2015

Feb.

2016

Mar.

2016

Apr.

2016

May

2016

June

2016p

Total............................................... 4,937 5,159 5,096 5,015 4,978 4,909 3.5 3.6 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.4

INDUSTRY

Total private................................... 4,599 4,812 4,747 4,660 4,642 4,569 3.8 4.0 3.9 3.8 3.8 3.7

Mining and logging......................... 25 42 40 35 26 26 3.0 5.8 5.6 4.9 3.7 3.8

Construction................................ 343 325 334 354 338 298 5.3 4.9 5.0 5.3 5.1 4.5

Manufacturing.............................. 268 304 288 279 294 270 2.2 2.5 2.3 2.3 2.4 2.2

Durable goods........................... 159 187 171 160 183 165 2.0 2.4 2.2 2.1 2.4 2.1

Nondurable goods....................... 109 117 116 119 111 105 2.4 2.5 2.5 2.6 2.4 2.3

Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . .. 1,064 1,052 1,043 1,012 1,010 1,037 4.0 3.9 3.8 3.7 3.7 3.8

Wholesale trade......................... 154 137 145 144 132 135 2.6 2.3 2.4 2.4 2.2 2.3

Retail trade............................... 739 751 747 702 706 696 4.7 4.7 4.7 4.4 4.4 4.4

Transportation, warehousing, and

utilities.................................. 171 164 151 166 173 206 3.2 3.0 2.8 3.0 3.2 3.8

Information.................................. 75 70 67 82 75 66 2.7 2.5 2.4 2.9 2.7 2.4

Financial activities......................... 186 219 191 188 186 178 2.3 2.7 2.3 2.3 2.2 2.1

Finance and insurance................. 129 156 116 113 126 120 2.1 2.6 1.9 1.9 2.0 2.0

Real estate and rental and leasing. .. 57 63 76 74 60 58 2.7 3.0 3.6 3.5 2.8 2.7

Professional and business services. . . .. 969 1,072 1,042 1,004 966 954 4.9 5.4 5.2 5.0 4.8 4.7

Education and health services........... 553 552 557 570 593 599 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.6 2.6

Educational services.................... 88 86 73 83 92 96 2.6 2.4 2.1 2.4 2.6 2.7

Health care and social assistance. . .. 465 466 484 486 501 504 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.6 2.6 2.6

Leisure and hospitality.................... 881 1,011 972 950 969 935 5.8 6.6 6.3 6.2 6.3 6.0

Arts, entertainment, and recreation. .. 140 132 144 131 155 144 6.5 6.0 6.5 5.9 7.0 6.4

Accommodation and food services. .. 741 879 828 819 815 791 5.7 6.7 6.3 6.2 6.2 6.0

Other services.............................. 235 165 213 187 184 207 4.2 2.9 3.7 3.3 3.2 3.6

Government................................... 338 348 349 355 335 340 1.5 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.5 1.5

Federal...................................... 36 40 39 38 32 33 1.3 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.2 1.2

State and local............................. 302 308 310 317 303 307 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.6

State and local education.............. 150 167 171 165 146 155 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.6 1.4 1.5

State and local, excluding

education.............................. 152 141 139 153 157 153 1.7 1.6 1.5 1.7 1.7 1.7

REGION3

Northeast...................................... 732 808 797 783 749 754 2.8 3.0 3.0 2.9 2.8 2.8

South........................................... 1,891 2,000 1,891 1,917 1,946 1,849 3.7 3.8 3.6 3.7 3.7 3.5

Midwest........................................ 1,086 1,181 1,287 1,118 1,139 1,133 3.4 3.7 4.0 3.5 3.5 3.5

West............................................ 1,227 1,170 1,121 1,197 1,143 1,173 3.8 3.6 3.4 3.7 3.5 3.6

1 Total separations are the number of total separations during the entire month.

2 The total separations rate is the number of total separations during the entire month as a percent of total employment.

3 The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New

Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia,

Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest:

Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona,

California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.

p Preliminary
Table 4. Quits levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted1

Industry and region

Levels (in thousands) Rates2

June

2015

Feb.

2016

Mar.

2016

Apr.

2016

May

2016

June

2016p

June

2015

Feb.

2016

Mar.

2016

Apr.

2016

May

2016

June

2016p

Total............................................... 2,746 2,955 2,948 2,909 2,942 2,909 1.9 2.1 2.1 2.0 2.0 2.0

INDUSTRY

Total private................................... 2,575 2,793 2,780 2,738 2,775 2,723 2.2 2.3 2.3 2.2 2.3 2.2

Mining and logging......................... 13 11 15 11 12 13 1.6 1.6 2.1 1.6 1.7 1.9

Construction................................ 108 111 158 118 120 102 1.7 1.7 2.4 1.8 1.8 1.5

Manufacturing.............................. 138 154 142 139 142 142 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.1 1.2 1.2

Durable goods........................... 81 89 79 79 80 83 1.0 1.1 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.1

Nondurable goods....................... 58 65 63 59 62 59 1.3 1.4 1.4 1.3 1.3 1.3

Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . .. 620 618 656 624 623 640 2.3 2.3 2.4 2.3 2.3 2.3

Wholesale trade......................... 74 86 88 83 67 86 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.4 1.1 1.5

Retail trade............................... 458 446 492 447 462 446 2.9 2.8 3.1 2.8 2.9 2.8

Transportation, warehousing, and

utilities.................................. 87 87 77 94 94 108 1.6 1.6 1.4 1.7 1.7 2.0

Information.................................. 41 38 36 41 36 34 1.5 1.4 1.3 1.5 1.3 1.2

Financial activities......................... 98 130 98 106 112 104 1.2 1.6 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.3

Finance and insurance................. 73 93 53 66 74 73 1.2 1.5 0.9 1.1 1.2 1.2

Real estate and rental and leasing3... 25 37 45 40 38 31 1.2 1.8 2.2 1.9 1.8 1.5

Professional and business services. . . .. 498 577 545 558 547 536 2.5 2.9 2.7 2.8 2.7 2.7

Education and health services........... 354 379 386 382 405 380 1.6 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.8 1.7

Educational services.................... 41 43 35 38 53 46 1.2 1.2 1.0 1.1 1.5 1.3

Health care and social assistance. . .. 313 335 351 344 352 335 1.7 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.7

Leisure and hospitality.................... 582 683 644 645 678 644 3.9 4.4 4.2 4.2 4.4 4.2

Arts, entertainment, and recreation. .. 54 77 56 63 65 59 2.5 3.5 2.5 2.8 3.0 2.6

Accommodation and food services. .. 528 606 588 582 612 585 4.1 4.6 4.4 4.4 4.6 4.4

Other services3

............................. 122 91 101 115 100 128 2.2 1.6 1.8 2.0 1.8 2.2

Government................................... 171 162 168 171 168 186 0.8 0.7 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8

Federal...................................... 12 14 14 14 11 12 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.4 0.4

State and local............................. 159 149 154 157 156 174 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.9

State and local education.............. 83 78 74 73 70 90 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.9

State and local, excluding

education.............................. 77 71 79 84 86 84 0.9 0.8 0.9 0.9 1.0 0.9

REGION4

Northeast...................................... 372 415 399 339 394 388 1.4 1.6 1.5 1.3 1.5 1.5

South........................................... 1,133 1,167 1,165 1,194 1,197 1,172 2.2 2.2 2.2 2.3 2.3 2.2

Midwest........................................ 595 725 684 673 691 658 1.9 2.3 2.1 2.1 2.1 2.0

West............................................ 646 647 700 703 661 691 2.0 2.0 2.1 2.1 2.0 2.1

1 Quits are the number of quits during the entire month.

2 The quits rate is the number of quits during the entire month as a percent of total employment.

3 No regular seasonal movements could be identified in this series; therefore, identical numbers appear for the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted

series.

4 The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New

Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia,

Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest:

Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona,

California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.

p Preliminary
Table 5. Layoffs and discharges levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted1

Industry and region

Levels (in thousands) Rates2

June

2015

Feb.

2016

Mar.

2016

Apr.

2016

May

2016

June

2016p

June

2015

Feb.

2016

Mar.

2016

Apr.

2016

May

2016

June

2016p

Total............................................... 1,783 1,808 1,768 1,708 1,701 1,643 1.3 1.3 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.1

INDUSTRY

Total private................................... 1,676 1,687 1,650 1,586 1,594 1,555 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.3 1.3 1.3

Mining and logging3

....................... 9 27 21 20 10 9 1.1 3.7 2.9 2.8 1.4 1.4

Construction................................ 222 202 165 217 204 183 3.5 3.0 2.5 3.3 3.1 2.7

Manufacturing.............................. 105 121 116 115 131 107 0.9 1.0 0.9 0.9 1.1 0.9

Durable goods........................... 64 83 71 66 92 69 0.8 1.1 0.9 0.9 1.2 0.9

Nondurable goods....................... 41 38 44 49 39 38 0.9 0.8 1.0 1.1 0.9 0.8

Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . .. 351 320 287 283 301 311 1.3 1.2 1.1 1.0 1.1 1.1

Wholesale trade3

........................ 72 42 44 49 59 38 1.2 0.7 0.7 0.8 1.0 0.6

Retail trade............................... 212 211 183 177 177 188 1.4 1.3 1.2 1.1 1.1 1.2

Transportation, warehousing, and

utilities.................................. 67 67 59 57 65 85 1.2 1.2 1.1 1.0 1.2 1.6

Information.................................. 28 21 22 29 30 24 1.0 0.8 0.8 1.1 1.1 0.8

Financial activities......................... 65 64 65 53 53 51 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.6 0.6 0.6

Finance and insurance................. 37 41 42 28 36 31 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.5 0.6 0.5

Real estate and rental and leasing. .. 28 23 23 25 17 21 1.4 1.1 1.1 1.2 0.8 1.0

Professional and business services. . . .. 403 427 438 384 368 360 2.1 2.1 2.2 1.9 1.8 1.8

Education and health services........... 137 145 145 151 157 174 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.8

Educational services.................... 40 40 36 43 33 36 1.2 1.2 1.0 1.2 0.9 1.0

Health care and social assistance. . .. 97 104 109 109 123 138 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.7

Leisure and hospitality.................... 264 295 295 266 261 265 1.8 1.9 1.9 1.7 1.7 1.7

Arts, entertainment, and recreation. .. 82 53 84 65 84 83 3.8 2.4 3.8 2.9 3.8 3.7

Accommodation and food services. .. 182 243 211 200 177 182 1.4 1.8 1.6 1.5 1.3 1.4

Other services.............................. 91 66 97 67 80 70 1.6 1.2 1.7 1.2 1.4 1.2

Government................................... 107 121 118 122 107 88 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.5 0.4

Federal...................................... 11 8 12 11 11 11 0.4 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4

State and local............................. 96 113 107 111 97 77 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.5 0.4

State and local education.............. 43 68 73 65 49 35 0.4 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.5 0.3

State and local, excluding

education.............................. 53 45 34 46 47 42 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.5

REGION4

Northeast...................................... 278 346 326 375 307 320 1.1 1.3 1.2 1.4 1.2 1.2

South........................................... 601 669 569 554 615 521 1.2 1.3 1.1 1.1 1.2 1.0

Midwest........................................ 413 384 519 363 372 405 1.3 1.2 1.6 1.1 1.2 1.3

West............................................ 491 408 354 416 408 398 1.5 1.3 1.1 1.3 1.2 1.2

1

Layoffs and discharges are the number of layoffs and discharges during the entire month.

2 The layoffs and discharges rate is the number of layoffs and discharges during the entire month as a percent of total employment.

3 No regular seasonal movements could be identified in this series; therefore, identical numbers appear for the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted

series.

4 The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New

Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia,

Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest:

Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona,

California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.

p Preliminary
Table 6. Other separations levels and rates by industry and region, seasonally adjusted1

Industry and region

Levels (in thousands) Rates2

June

2015

Feb.

2016

Mar.

2016

Apr.

2016

May

2016

June

2016p

June

2015

Feb.

2016

Mar.

2016

Apr.

2016

May

2016

June

2016p

Total............................................... 407 397 380 398 334 357 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.2

INDUSTRY

Total private................................... 348 332 317 336 274 290 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.2

Mining and logging......................... 2 4 4 4 5 3 0.3 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.5

Construction3

............................... 13 13 11 20 15 14 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.2

Manufacturing.............................. 25 29 30 25 21 21 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2

Durable goods........................... 14 15 21 15 11 13 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.1 0.2

Nondurable goods3...................... 10 14 9 10 10 8 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2

Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . .. 93 113 101 105 87 85 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.3

Wholesale trade......................... 7 9 13 12 6 11 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.2

Retail trade............................... 69 94 73 78 68 61 0.4 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.4 0.4

Transportation, warehousing, and

utilities3

................................. 17 10 15 15 13 13 0.3 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.2

Information3................................. 6 11 9 12 9 8 0.2 0.4 0.3 0.4 0.3 0.3

Financial activities......................... 23 25 29 28 21 23 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3

Finance and insurance................. 19 22 21 19 16 17 0.3 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3

Real estate and rental and leasing3... 4 3 8 9 5 6 0.2 0.1 0.4 0.4 0.2 0.3

Professional and business services. . . .. 67 68 59 61 51 58 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3

Education and health services........... 62 29 26 36 31 45 0.3 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.2

Educational services3................... 7 2 2 3 6 14 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.4

Health care and social assistance3

. .. 55 27 24 34 26 31 0.3 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.2

Leisure and hospitality.................... 35 32 32 39 31 26 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.2

Arts, entertainment, and recreation3

... 4 2 4 3 5 2 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.1

Accommodation and food services3... 30 30 29 37 26 24 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.2

Other services3............................. 22 8 15 5 4 9 0.4 0.1 0.3 0.1 0.1 0.2

Government................................... 59 65 62 63 60 66 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3

Federal...................................... 12 18 13 13 10 10 0.4 0.7 0.5 0.5 0.4 0.4

State and local............................. 47 47 49 49 50 56 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3

State and local education.............. 25 22 24 27 27 30 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.3

State and local, excluding

education.............................. 22 24 25 23 23 26 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3

REGION4

Northeast...................................... 82 46 72 69 48 46 0.3 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.2

South........................................... 157 163 157 168 134 156 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3

Midwest........................................ 78 72 84 82 77 70 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.2

West............................................ 90 116 67 78 75 85 0.3 0.4 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3

1 Other separations are the number of other separations during the entire month.

2 The other separations rate is the number of other separations during the entire month as a percent of total employment.

3 No regular seasonal movements could be identified in this series; therefore, identical numbers appear for the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted

series.

4 The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New

Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia,

Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest:

Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona,

California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.

p Preliminary

NOTE: Levels are rounded to the nearest thousand and rates are rounded to the nearest tenth. Levels and rates may round down to zero.
Table 7. Job openings levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted1

Industry and region

Levels (in thousands) Rates2

June

2015

May

2016

June

2016p

June

2015

May

2016

June

2016p

Total..................................................................... 5,162 5,532 5,607 3.5 3.7 3.7

INDUSTRY

Total private.......................................................... 4,670 5,000 5,056 3.7 3.9 3.9

Mining and logging............................................... 19 11 13 2.3 1.6 1.9

Construction....................................................... 156 193 208 2.3 2.8 3.0

Manufacturing..................................................... 284 350 377 2.2 2.8 3.0

Durable goods.................................................. 182 180 217 2.3 2.3 2.7

Nondurable goods............................................. 103 170 160 2.2 3.6 3.3

Trade, transportation, and utilities.............................. 895 975 985 3.2 3.5 3.5

Wholesale trade................................................ 164 162 179 2.7 2.7 2.9

Retail trade..................................................... 531 610 587 3.3 3.7 3.5

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities.................. 200 202 219 3.6 3.6 3.9

Information........................................................ 98 95 94 3.4 3.3 3.3

Financial activities................................................ 268 297 311 3.2 3.5 3.6

Finance and insurance........................................ 196 241 238 3.1 3.8 3.7

Real estate and rental and leasing.......................... 72 56 73 3.3 2.5 3.2

Professional and business services............................ 1,126 1,020 1,048 5.4 4.8 4.9

Education and health services.................................. 955 1,055 1,060 4.2 4.4 4.5

Educational services.......................................... 92 87 97 2.7 2.4 2.8

Health care and social assistance........................... 863 968 963 4.4 4.8 4.8

Leisure and hospitality........................................... 716 837 785 4.4 5.1 4.6

Arts, entertainment, and recreation.......................... 56 117 73 2.3 4.8 2.8

Accommodation and food services.......................... 660 720 711 4.7 5.1 5.0

Other services.................................................... 153 167 174 2.6 2.8 2.9

Government.......................................................... 492 532 551 2.2 2.3 2.4

Federal............................................................. 65 93 78 2.3 3.2 2.7

State and local.................................................... 427 439 474 2.2 2.2 2.4

State and local education..................................... 188 148 169 1.9 1.4 1.7

State and local, excluding education........................ 239 291 305 2.5 3.1 3.2

REGION3

Northeast............................................................. 810 971 909 3.0 3.5 3.3

South................................................................. 2,010 1,988 2,191 3.7 3.6 4.0

Midwest............................................................... 1,153 1,249 1,227 3.5 3.7 3.6

West.................................................................. 1,189 1,324 1,280 3.5 3.9 3.7

1

Job openings are the number of job openings on the last business day of the month.

2 The job openings rate is the number of job openings on the last business day of the month as a percent of total employment plus job openings.

3 The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New

Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia,

Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest:

Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona,

California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.

p Preliminary
Table 8. Hires levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted1

Industry and region

Levels (in thousands) Rates2

June

2015

May

2016

June

2016p

June

2015

May

2016

June

2016p

Total..................................................................... 5,918 5,629 5,908 4.1 3.9 4.1

INDUSTRY

Total private.......................................................... 5,475 5,251 5,439 4.5 4.3 4.4

Mining and logging............................................... 29 20 29 3.6 2.9 4.1

Construction....................................................... 410 417 348 6.2 6.2 5.1

Manufacturing..................................................... 325 305 349 2.6 2.5 2.8

Durable goods.................................................. 185 183 200 2.4 2.4 2.6

Nondurable goods............................................. 141 121 148 3.1 2.6 3.2

Trade, transportation, and utilities.............................. 1,139 1,086 1,040 4.2 4.0 3.8

Wholesale trade................................................ 187 149 165 3.2 2.5 2.8

Retail trade..................................................... 770 779 697 4.9 4.9 4.4

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities.................. 182 158 179 3.4 2.9 3.3

Information........................................................ 94 69 90 3.4 2.5 3.2

Financial activities................................................ 237 212 231 2.9 2.6 2.8

Finance and insurance........................................ 166 143 156 2.8 2.3 2.5

Real estate and rental and leasing.......................... 71 69 75 3.3 3.2 3.5

Professional and business services............................ 1,135 1,035 1,070 5.7 5.1 5.3

Education and health services.................................. 650 615 715 3.0 2.7 3.2

Educational services.......................................... 99 71 107 3.0 2.0 3.2

Health care and social assistance........................... 551 545 608 3.0 2.8 3.2

Leisure and hospitality........................................... 1,156 1,265 1,270 7.3 8.1 7.8

Arts, entertainment, and recreation.......................... 233 246 282 9.5 10.7 11.1

Accommodation and food services.......................... 923 1,019 988 6.9 7.6 7.2

Other services.................................................... 299 227 298 5.2 4.0 5.2

Government.......................................................... 443 378 469 2.0 1.7 2.1

Federal............................................................. 48 55 46 1.7 2.0 1.7

State and local.................................................... 395 323 423 2.1 1.6 2.2

State and local education..................................... 116 101 129 1.2 1.0 1.3

State and local, excluding education........................ 279 222 294 3.0 2.5 3.2

REGION3

Northeast............................................................. 919 882 1,040 3.5 3.3 3.9

South................................................................. 2,274 2,071 2,029 4.4 3.9 3.8

Midwest............................................................... 1,329 1,389 1,378 4.2 4.3 4.3

West.................................................................. 1,396 1,287 1,461 4.3 3.9 4.4

1 Hires are the number of hires during the entire month.

2 The hires rate is the number of hires during the entire month as a percent of total employment.

3 The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New

Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia,

Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest:

Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona,

California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.

p Preliminary
Table 9. Total separations levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted1

Industry and region

Levels (in thousands) Rates2

June

2015

May

2016

June

2016p

June

2015

May

2016

June

2016p

Total..................................................................... 5,097 4,918 5,059 3.6 3.4 3.5

INDUSTRY

Total private.......................................................... 4,575 4,521 4,523 3.8 3.7 3.7

Mining and logging............................................... 25 26 26 3.0 3.7 3.7

Construction....................................................... 298 320 258 4.5 4.8 3.8

Manufacturing..................................................... 277 281 276 2.2 2.3 2.2

Durable goods.................................................. 161 174 167 2.1 2.3 2.2

Nondurable goods............................................. 115 107 109 2.5 2.3 2.3

Trade, transportation, and utilities.............................. 1,014 984 981 3.8 3.6 3.6

Wholesale trade................................................ 155 129 137 2.6 2.2 2.3

Retail trade..................................................... 705 699 657 4.5 4.4 4.1

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities.................. 154 156 186 2.9 2.9 3.4

Information........................................................ 73 72 64 2.7 2.6 2.3

Financial activities................................................ 188 178 179 2.3 2.2 2.1

Finance and insurance........................................ 128 121 119 2.1 2.0 1.9

Real estate and rental and leasing.......................... 60 57 60 2.8 2.7 2.8

Professional and business services............................ 976 934 934 4.9 4.6 4.6

Education and health services.................................. 632 618 697 2.9 2.7 3.1

Educational services.......................................... 151 105 165 4.6 2.9 5.0

Health care and social assistance........................... 481 512 532 2.6 2.7 2.8

Leisure and hospitality........................................... 855 927 899 5.4 5.9 5.6

Arts, entertainment, and recreation.......................... 97 124 101 4.0 5.4 4.0

Accommodation and food services.......................... 759 803 798 5.7 6.0 5.8

Other services.................................................... 237 181 208 4.2 3.2 3.6

Government.......................................................... 522 397 536 2.4 1.8 2.4

Federal............................................................. 34 30 30 1.2 1.1 1.1

State and local.................................................... 488 366 506 2.5 1.9 2.6

State and local education..................................... 335 226 355 3.4 2.1 3.6

State and local, excluding education........................ 153 140 152 1.7 1.5 1.6

REGION3

Northeast............................................................. 747 664 758 2.8 2.5 2.8

South................................................................. 1,994 1,988 1,928 3.8 3.8 3.6

Midwest............................................................... 1,089 1,108 1,136 3.4 3.4 3.5

West.................................................................. 1,267 1,157 1,237 3.9 3.5 3.7

1 Total separations are the number of total separations during the entire month.

2 The total separations rate is the number of total separations during the entire month as a percent of total employment.

3 The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New

Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia,

Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest:

Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona,

California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.

p Preliminary
Table 10. Quits levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted1

Industry and region

Levels (in thousands) Rates2

June

2015

May

2016

June

2016p

June

2015

May

2016

June

2016p

Total..................................................................... 2,921 2,980 3,083 2.0 2.1 2.1

INDUSTRY

Total private.......................................................... 2,674 2,784 2,811 2.2 2.3 2.3

Mining and logging............................................... 13 12 13 1.6 1.7 1.8

Construction....................................................... 118 132 109 1.8 2.0 1.6

Manufacturing..................................................... 147 146 150 1.2 1.2 1.2

Durable goods.................................................. 85 82 87 1.1 1.1 1.1

Nondurable goods............................................. 62 64 62 1.4 1.4 1.3

Trade, transportation, and utilities.............................. 622 622 642 2.3 2.3 2.3

Wholesale trade................................................ 77 67 92 1.3 1.1 1.5

Retail trade..................................................... 460 471 444 2.9 3.0 2.8

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities.................. 85 84 106 1.6 1.5 2.0

Information........................................................ 40 34 33 1.4 1.2 1.2

Financial activities................................................ 101 114 108 1.2 1.4 1.3

Finance and insurance........................................ 77 75 77 1.3 1.2 1.3

Real estate and rental and leasing.......................... 25 38 31 1.2 1.8 1.4

Professional and business services............................ 523 549 553 2.6 2.7 2.7

Education and health services.................................. 378 409 408 1.7 1.8 1.8

Educational services.......................................... 59 56 67 1.8 1.6 2.0

Health care and social assistance........................... 319 353 341 1.7 1.8 1.8

Leisure and hospitality........................................... 609 666 667 3.9 4.2 4.1

Arts, entertainment, and recreation.......................... 57 64 62 2.3 2.8 2.4

Accommodation and food services.......................... 551 602 605 4.1 4.5 4.4

Other services.................................................... 122 100 128 2.2 1.8 2.2

Government.......................................................... 247 196 272 1.1 0.9 1.2

Federal............................................................. 12 12 12 0.4 0.4 0.4

State and local.................................................... 235 184 260 1.2 0.9 1.4

State and local education..................................... 153 95 175 1.5 0.9 1.8

State and local, excluding education........................ 82 90 85 0.9 1.0 0.9

REGION3

Northeast............................................................. 391 385 400 1.5 1.4 1.5

South................................................................. 1,217 1,221 1,249 2.3 2.3 2.4

Midwest............................................................... 638 704 694 2.0 2.2 2.1

West.................................................................. 675 670 739 2.1 2.0 2.2

1 Quits are the number of quits during the entire month.

2 The quits rate is the number of quits during the entire month as a percent of total employment.

3 The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New

Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia,

Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest:

Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona,

California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.

p Preliminary
Table 11. Layoffs and discharges levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted1

Industry and region

Levels (in thousands) Rates2

June

2015

May

2016

June

2016p

June

2015

May

2016

June

2016p

Total..................................................................... 1,730 1,601 1,569 1.2 1.1 1.1

INDUSTRY

Total private.......................................................... 1,566 1,469 1,440 1.3 1.2 1.2

Mining and logging............................................... 9 10 9 1.1 1.4 1.4

Construction....................................................... 167 173 135 2.5 2.6 2.0

Manufacturing..................................................... 103 114 104 0.8 0.9 0.8

Durable goods.................................................. 60 80 65 0.8 1.0 0.8

Nondurable goods............................................. 43 33 39 0.9 0.7 0.8

Trade, transportation, and utilities.............................. 308 270 269 1.1 1.0 1.0

Wholesale trade................................................ 72 59 38 1.2 1.0 0.6

Retail trade..................................................... 184 154 164 1.2 1.0 1.0

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities.................. 53 58 67 1.0 1.1 1.2

Information........................................................ 27 28 23 1.0 1.0 0.8

Financial activities................................................ 62 43 47 0.8 0.5 0.6

Finance and insurance........................................ 30 29 24 0.5 0.5 0.4

Real estate and rental and leasing.......................... 31 14 23 1.5 0.7 1.1

Professional and business services............................ 392 346 329 2.0 1.7 1.6

Education and health services.................................. 192 177 245 0.9 0.8 1.1

Educational services.......................................... 85 44 84 2.6 1.2 2.5

Health care and social assistance........................... 107 133 161 0.6 0.7 0.8

Leisure and hospitality........................................... 212 230 207 1.3 1.5 1.3

Arts, entertainment, and recreation.......................... 35 55 37 1.4 2.4 1.5

Accommodation and food services.......................... 177 175 169 1.3 1.3 1.2

Other services.................................................... 92 77 72 1.6 1.4 1.2

Government.......................................................... 164 132 129 0.7 0.6 0.6

Federal............................................................. 10 8 9 0.3 0.3 0.3

State and local.................................................... 155 124 120 0.8 0.6 0.6

State and local education..................................... 109 94 85 1.1 0.9 0.9

State and local, excluding education........................ 45 30 35 0.5 0.3 0.4

REGION3

Northeast............................................................. 261 238 298 1.0 0.9 1.1

South................................................................. 607 625 504 1.2 1.2 1.0

Midwest............................................................... 368 328 366 1.2 1.0 1.1

West.................................................................. 494 410 401 1.5 1.2 1.2

1

Layoffs and discharges are the number of layoffs and discharges during the entire month.

2 The layoffs and discharges rate is the number of layoffs and discharges during the entire month as a percent of total employment.

3 The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New

Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia,

Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest:

Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona,

California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.

p Preliminary
Table 12. Other separations levels and rates by industry and region, not seasonally adjusted1

Industry and region

Levels (in thousands) Rates2

June

2015

May

2016

June

2016p

June

2015

May

2016

June

2016p

Total..................................................................... 445 337 407 0.3 0.2 0.3

INDUSTRY

Total private.......................................................... 335 268 272 0.3 0.2 0.2

Mining and logging............................................... 2 4 4 0.3 0.6 0.5

Construction....................................................... 13 15 14 0.2 0.2 0.2

Manufacturing..................................................... 26 22 22 0.2 0.2 0.2

Durable goods.................................................. 16 12 15 0.2 0.2 0.2

Nondurable goods............................................. 10 10 8 0.2 0.2 0.2

Trade, transportation, and utilities.............................. 83 92 70 0.3 0.3 0.3

Wholesale trade................................................ 6 4 8 0.1 0.1 0.1

Retail trade..................................................... 61 74 49 0.4 0.5 0.3

Transportation, warehousing, and utilities.................. 17 13 13 0.3 0.2 0.2

Information........................................................ 6 9 8 0.2 0.3 0.3

Financial activities................................................ 25 22 23 0.3 0.3 0.3

Finance and insurance........................................ 21 17 18 0.3 0.3 0.3

Real estate and rental and leasing.......................... 4 5 6 0.2 0.2 0.3

Professional and business services............................ 60 38 52 0.3 0.2 0.3

Education and health services.................................. 62 31 45 0.3 0.1 0.2

Educational services.......................................... 7 6 14 0.2 0.2 0.4

Health care and social assistance........................... 55 26 31 0.3 0.1 0.2

Leisure and hospitality........................................... 35 31 26 0.2 0.2 0.2

Arts, entertainment, and recreation.......................... 4 5 2 0.2 0.2 0.1

Accommodation and food services.......................... 30 26 24 0.2 0.2 0.2

Other services.................................................... 22 4 9 0.4 0.1 0.2

Government.......................................................... 110 69 135 0.5 0.3 0.6

Federal............................................................. 12 11 8 0.4 0.4 0.3

State and local.................................................... 99 58 126 0.5 0.3 0.7

State and local education..................................... 73 38 94 0.7 0.4 0.9

State and local, excluding education........................ 26 21 32 0.3 0.2 0.3

REGION3

Northeast............................................................. 96 41 60 0.4 0.2 0.2

South................................................................. 170 143 175 0.3 0.3 0.3

Midwest............................................................... 82 76 75 0.3 0.2 0.2

West.................................................................. 97 77 96 0.3 0.2 0.3

1 Other separations are the number of other separations during the entire month.

2 The other separations rate is the number of other separations during the entire month as a percent of total employment.

3 The states (including the District of Columbia) that comprise the regions are: Northeast: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New

Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, and Vermont; South: Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia,

Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, and West Virginia; Midwest:

Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, and Wisconsin; West: Alaska, Arizona,

California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming.

p Preliminary

NOTE: Levels are rounded to the nearest thousand and rates are rounded to the nearest tenth. Levels and rates may round down to zero.