For release 10:00 a.m. (EST) Thursday, November 10, 2016 USDL-16-2130

Technical information: (202) 691-6170 • iifstaff@bls.gov • www.bls.gov/iif/oshcdnew.htm 

Media contact: (202) 691-5902 • PressOffice@bls.gov 

NONFATAL OCCUPATIONAL INJURIES AND ILLNESSES REQUIRING DAYS AWAY FROM WORK, 2015 

The overall incidence rate of nonfatal occupational injury and illness cases requiring days away from 

work to recuperate was 104.0 cases per 10,000 full-time workers in 2015, down from 107.1 cases in 2014, 

the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today. In 2015, there were 1,153,490 days-away-from-work 

cases in private industry, state government, and local government—essentially unchanged from the 

number of cases reported in 2014. The median days away from work to recuperate—a key measure of 

severity of injuries and illnesses—was 8 days in 2015, 1 day fewer than reported in 2014. (See table 1.) 

Private sector occupations 

In the private sector, the incidence rate per 10,000 full-time workers was 93.9 cases in 2015, down from 

97.8 cases in 2014. (See table 1.)

 Occupations that had among the highest number of cases in 2015 resulting in days away from work 

included heavy and tractor-trailer truck drivers; laborers and freight, stock, and material movers; and 

nursing assistants. (See table 3.) 

 The incidence rates decreased for heavy and tractor-trailer truck drivers (298.7 cases per 10,000 fulltime workers in 2015, down from 355.4) and nursing assistants (327.8 in 2015, down from 353.6). 

 Private sector laborers and freight, stock, and material movers had 56,550 days-away-from-work cases 

in 2015, an increase from 2014 levels. However, the incidence rate of 289.4 cases was not 

significantly different from the rate reported in 2014 (284.5 cases). (See table 3 and chart A). 

Chart A. Incidence rates for occupational injuries and illnesses with days away from work by selected occupations, 2011‐15  

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

Heavy and tractor‐

trailer truck drivers

(private industry)

Laborers and

freight, stock, and

material movers

(private industry)

Nursing assistants

(private industry)

Correctional

officers and jailers

(state gov.)

Police and sheriff's

patrol officers

(local gov.)

Firefighters (local

gov.)

Janitors and

cleaners (local

gov.)

Incidence

rate

per

10,000

full‐time

workers

2011 2012 2013 2014 2015

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics

Note: These occupations had at least 0.1 percent of employment and among the highest case counts in their respective ownership classes.
State and local government occupations 

The incidence rates for nonfatal occupational injuries and illnesses with days away from work for state 

(149.2 cases per 10,000 full-time workers) and local government (177.5) were essentially unchanged in 

2015. (See table 1.) 

 In state or local government, there were five occupations with at least 10,000 cases: police and 

sheriff’s patrol officers; firefighters; janitors and cleaners; and teacher assistants in local government 

and correctional officers and jailers in state government. (See table 3.) 

 The incidence rate of injuries and illnesses to janitors and cleaners in local government increased to 

657.4 cases per 10,000 full-time workers in 2015 from 434.0 cases in 2014. (See chart A.) 

 The incidence rate of injuries and illnesses to firefighters in local government decreased to 422.2 cases 

per 10,000 full-time workers in 2015 from a rate of 495.2 in 2014. (See chart A.) 

Musculoskeletal disorders 

In 2015, musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs), such as sprains or strains resulting from overexertion in 

lifting, accounted for 31 percent (356,910 cases) of the total cases for all workers. Of the total MSD cases, 

80 percent occurred to private industry workers. This resulted in an incidence rate of 29.8 cases per 

10,000 full-time workers in 2015, down from 31.9 cases in 2014. Private industry workers who sustained 

an MSD required a median of 12 days (down from 13 days in 2014) to recuperate before returning to 

work in 2015, compared to 8 days for all days-away-from-work cases. (See chart B and table 9.) 

 Laborers and freight, stock, and material movers (20,990), nursing assistants (16,860), and heavy and 

tractor-trailer truck drivers (14,900) each incurred at least 5 percent of the total private sector MSD 

cases in 2015. 

 The MSD incidence rate for nursing assistants was 171.0 cases per 10,000 full-time workers in 2015, 

down from 191.1 in 2014.

 For heavy and tractor-trailer truck drivers, both the MSD rate (94.0) and number (14,900) of MSD 

cases in 2015 decreased from 2014 figures. However, the median days away from work increased to 

30 days, up from 20 days in 2014. (See table 9 and chart B.)

Chart B. Incidence rates and median days away from work for musculoskeletal disorders, private industry, 2013‐15

 

50100150200250 0 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35

2013

2014

2015

Heavy and tractor‐trailer

truck drivers

Nursing assistants

Laborers and freight,

stock, and material

movers

Total

Incidence rates per 10,000

full‐time workers

Median days  

away from work Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics

1
Event or exposure leading to injury or illness 

The leading major event or exposure resulting in occupational injuries or illnesses for all ownerships in 

2015 was overexertion and bodily reaction with 376,190 cases accounting for 33 percent of total cases. 

The 2015 incidence rate for overexertion or bodily reaction was 33.9 cases per 10,000 full-time workers, 

down from 35.6 in 2014. (See table 4.) 

Falls, slips, and trips accounted for 27 percent (309,060 cases) of the total occupational injuries and 

illnesses in 2015 and decreased from 2014 levels. The incidence rate for falls, slips, and trips was 27.9 

cases per 10,000 full-time workers and was a decrease from the rate reported in 2014 (29.3). 

Chart C. Incidence rates for occupational injuries and illnesses with days away from work by selected detailed events or

exposures, all ownerships, 2011‐15

 The leading detailed types of event or exposure in 2015 included falls on the same level (197,260 

cases), struck by object or equipment (157,490 cases), and overexertion in lifting or lowering 

(113,260 cases). (See table 4.) 

 The incidence rate of workers being struck by an object or equipment increased to 14.2 cases per 

10,000 full-time workers in 2015 from 13.4 cases in 2014. (See chart C.) The number of struck by 

object or equipment cases for laborers and freight, stock, and material movers increased to 12,240 

cases in 2015 and contributed to the overall increase. 

Nature of injury or illness 

The leading nature (type) of injury or illness in 2015 for all ownerships was sprains, strains, or tears with 

421,610 days-away-from-work cases accounting for 37 percent of total cases. The 2015 rate was 38.0 

cases per 10,000 full-time workers, down from a rate of 38.9 in 2014. Workers who sustained sprains, 

strains, or tears required a median of 10 days away from work compared to 8 days for all types of injuries 

or illnesses. (See table 4 and chart D.) 

Chart D. Percent distribution for occupational injuries and illnesses with days away from work by selected nature of injury

or illness, all ownerships, 2015

0

4

8

12

16

20

Falls on the same level Struck by object or equipment Overexertion in lifting, lowering

Incidence

rate

per

10,000

full‐time

workers

2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics

Sprains, strains, tears

37%

Soreness, pain

16%

Cuts, lacerations, punctures

9%

Bruise, contusions

9%

Fractures

9%

All other nature of injury or illness

21%

Total cases = 1,153,490

Note:  Percentages may not add to 100 due to rounding.

Source:  U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics

2
 The rate of injuries and illnesses resulting from cuts, lacerations, or punctures was 9.6 cases per 

10,000 full-time workers in 2015, up from 8.8 cases in 2014. (See table 7.) Laborers and freight, 

stock, and material movers; maintenance and repair workers, general; and janitors and cleaners were 

among the occupations that had increases in the number of cuts, lacerations, or punctures cases in 

2015. 

 Fractures (31 days), carpal tunnel syndrome (28 days), and amputations (22 days) required 14 or more 

additional median days away from work to recuperate than all types (8 days) of injuries or illnesses in 

2015. (See table 4.) However, less than 1 percent of total cases resulted in carpal tunnel syndrome or 

amputation. Occupational injuries and illnesses with days away from work resulted in a fractured bone 

in 9 percent of total cases. (See chart D.)

Industry 

Three private industry sectors had more than 100,000 days-away-from-work incidents in 2015: health care 

and social assistance (158,410), retail trade (123,770), and manufacturing (122,610). These 3 industries 

also had rates greater than the total rate of 93.9 cases per 10,000 full-time workers. (See tables 1 and 2.) 

Health care and social assistance 

 The incidence rate was 113.6 cases in 2015, down from 121.3 cases in 2014. (See table 1.) 

 The rate of fractures was 7.4 cases in 2015, up from 6.9 cases in 2014. (See table 2.) 

 The median days away from work was 6 days in 2015, the same as reported in 2014. 

Retail trade 

 The incidence rate was 105.3 cases per 10,000 full-time workers in 2015, which was not 

statistically different from the rate of 104.5 reported in 2014. (See table 1.) 

 Cuts and lacerations accounted for 11 percent (13,490) of the total cases in retail trade in 2015. 

 The rate of cuts and lacerations was 11.5 cases in 2015, up from 10.6 cases in 2014. (See table 2.) 

Manufacturing 

 The incidence rate in manufacturing was 99.0 cases per 10,000 full-time workers in 2015, down 

from 103.1 in 2014. (See table 1.) 

 The rate of amputations in manufacturing increased to 2.1 cases in 2015 from 1.7 cases in 2014. 

(See table 2.) 

 The median days away from work in manufacturing decreased to 9 days in 2015 from 10 days in 

2014. 

Demographics 

Gender 

 The incidence rate for men in private sector, state government, and local government (all 

ownerships) was 113.5 cases per 10,000 full-time workers in 2015, down from 116.5 cases 

reported for 2014. (See table 5.) 

 Injuries and illnesses to men accounted for 61 percent (702,400) of all cases and required a median 

of 10 days away from work, 3 days more than the median for women. 

 The leading nature of injury or illness for both men and women was sprains, strains, or tears in 

2015. The rate for men was 41.1 cases per 10,000 full-time workers and 34.1 cases for women. 

Age 

 Workers in the age group 45-54 for all ownerships had the highest number (280,100) of daysaway-from work cases in 2015. This resulted in a rate of 112.8 cases per 10,000 full-time workers, 

down from 117.2 in 2014. (See table 5.) 

3
 Workers in age group 55-64 had among the highest incidence rate in 2015 with 115.8 cases per 

10,000 full-time workers. This was not significantly different from the rate of 116.3 reported in 

2014. 

Race or ethnicity 

 There were 434,250 days-away-from-work cases reported among white workers in 2015, which 

accounted for 38 percent of all cases for all ownerships. (See table 5.) 

 Hispanic or Latino workers had 142,170 occupational injuries or illnesses in 2015, accounting for 

12 percent of the total cases. 

 Black or African-American workers had 91,190 cases in 2015, accounting for 8 percent of total 

days-away-from-work cases. 

 Race or ethnicity were unreported in 40 percent of all cases. 

Notes 

This release is the second in a series of releases from the BLS covering occupational safety and health 

statistics for 2015. The first release, in October 2016, covered the Survey of Occupational Injuries and 

Illnesses-Annual Summary (SOII-AS) and reported counts and rates of injuries and illnesses by detailed 

industry and case type for 2015. A third release is scheduled in December 2016 for the 2015 Census of 

Fatal Occupational Injuries. 

Data in this release are a subset of the SOII-AS data and include additional detail about the case 

circumstances and worker characteristics for occupational injury and illness cases that required at least 1 

day away from work to recuperate. While the data come from the same survey, they are reported at 

different levels of precision. For example, in this release, injury and illness incidence rates for days-awayfrom-work cases are reported as 104 cases per 10,000 full-time workers. However, the same incidence 

rate in the SOII annual summary news release is reported as 1.0 cases per 100 full-time workers. Data 

users are cautioned to take into account the different levels of precision when analyzing the data. 

Additional background and methodological information regarding the BLS occupational safety and health 

statistics program can be found in Chapter 9 of the BLS Handbook of Methods at 

www.bls.gov/opub/hom/pdf/homch9.pdf. 

In 2014, the SOII began using the 2012 North American Industry Classification System (NAICS). 

Comparison of SOII estimates for 2014 to prior years is not advised below the sector level due to this 

change. For additional detailed information regarding NAICS revisions, visit www.bls.gov/bls/naics.htm. 

This release does not present all the publishable estimates for days-away-from-work cases. Additional 

detailed data are available from BLS staff at (202) 691-6170, iifstaff@bls.gov, and the BLS website at 

www.bls.gov/iif/home.htm. Information in this release is available to sensory-impaired individuals upon 

request. Voice phone: (202) 691-5200; Federal relay service: (800) 877-8339. 

Days of job transfer or restriction pilot study In January of 2012, the BLS Survey of Occupational 

Injuries and Illnesses (SOII) began to collect information on case circumstances and worker 

characteristics for days-of-job-transfer-or-restriction (DJTR) cases. The pilot included six industries: 

specialty trade contractors; food manufacturing; building material and garden equipment supplies dealers; 

air transportation; warehousing and storage; and nursing and residential care facilities. The 2011-13 data 

from this study were published in July 2015 in BLS Report 1056: www.bls.gov/opub/reports/iif/a-pilotstudy-of-job-transfer-or-work-restriction-cases-2011-2013.pdf. 

Beginning in January 2015, for the DJTR study a new set of six industries replaced the original pilot 

industries. The new industries for which detailed DJTR data are being collected are beverage and tobacco 

product manufacturing; general merchandise stores; couriers and messengers; waste management and 

remediation services; hospitals; and accommodation. The 2015 DJTR data for these industries will be 

4
released in 2017. Data for the details of days of job transfer or restriction cases can be found at 

http://www.bls.gov/iif/days-of-job-transfer-or-restriction.htm. 

Completeness of SOII 

BLS has long acknowledged that some conditions that are difficult for employers to relate to the 

workplace are not adequately recognized and reported during a calendar year (for example, long-term 

latent illnesses) and are believed to be understated in SOII illness measures. Following several studies in 

the mid-2000s questioning the completeness of SOII injury and illness counts, BLS began internal 

research in 2007 and, at the request of Congress, established an ongoing research program. 

Initial research conducted between 2009 and 2012 found that the SOII failed to capture some cases but 

could not determine the magnitude or leading cause of an undercount. Researchers determined that the 

ability to match injury and illness data across different data sources was impacted by various factors, such 

as establishment type, the time of case filing, and the type of injury. 

BLS initiated additional research from 2012 to 2014 that included interviews with employers in four 

states to learn more about their injury and illness recordkeeping practices. Following the four state study, 

BLS conducted a nationwide follow-back survey with SOII respondents in 2015 and 2016. Analysis of 

the results of this study will help BLS learn more about recordkeeping practices and timing issues that 

may negatively affect employer injury and illness reporting to the SOII. BLS also continues to conduct 

exploratory research on the collection of occupational injury and illness data directly from employees and 

will pilot test collection of these data beginning in 2017. For more information on undercount research, 

please see www.bls.gov/iif/undercount.htm.

5
TABLE 1. Number, median days away from work1, and incidence rate2 for nonfatal occupational injuries and illnesses involving days away from

work3 by ownership, industry, musculoskeletal disorders4, and event or exposure, 2015

Industry Number

Median

days

away

from

work

Musculoskeletal

disorders

(incidence

rate)

Incidence

rate

Event or exposure leading to injury or illness5

Contact

with

objects

Falls,

Slips,

Trips

Overexertion

in lifting

lowering

Repetitive

motion

Exposure

to

harmful

substances

or

environments

Transportation

incidents

Fires

and

explosions

Violence

and

other

injuries

by

persons

or

animal

Total private, state and local government ............... 1,153,490 8 32.2 104.0 24.3 27.9 10.2 2.2 4.7 5.7 0.2 6.8

Total private industry6,7,8 ...................................... 902,160 8 29.8 93.9 24.2 24.8 9.8 2.2 4.2 4.8 .1 4.0

Total goods producing ........................................... 226,320 10 33.1 112.1 39.2 26.8 9.9 4.0 5.2 3.6 .3 1.5

Natural resources and mining6,7 ........................ 23,830 8 26.9 126.8 38.4 35.8 8.4 2.1 7.0 6.4 .8 8.1

Agriculture, forestry, fishing, and hunting6 ..... 18,660 6 39.6 189.0 53.5 54.4 11.2 3.8 10.9 10.1 .9 15.0

Mining7 .......................................................... 5,160 29 12.9 57.9 21.7 15.2 5.3 – 2.5 2.3 .7 .5

Construction ...................................................... 79,890 13 34.6 134.8 44.8 40.3 10.6 1.2 4.7 5.7 .2 1.3

Manufacturing .................................................... 122,610 9 33.4 99.0 36.7 19.0 9.7 5.7 5.2 2.1 .2 .5

Total service providing ........................................... 675,840 8 28.9 89.1 20.1 24.3 9.8 1.7 3.9 5.2 .1 4.7

Trade, transportation and utilities8 ..................... 279,150 11 44.5 124.5 33.1 30.8 17.3 2.0 3.1 9.0 .2 1.6

Wholesale trade ............................................. 60,340 9 38.4 106.5 31.8 24.1 14.7 1.9 2.6 6.8 .2 .8

Retail trade .................................................... 123,770 7 36.2 105.3 32.0 26.6 16.1 1.9 3.2 3.7 .1 1.7

Transportation and warehousing ................... 90,990 20 76.4 204.3 40.1 51.4 25.2 2.3 3.6 26.5 .1 2.6

Utilities ........................................................... 4,060 19 27.7 73.4 12.3 22.0 5.1 3.0 2.1 5.3 1.4 1.1

Information ......................................................... 14,050 18 21.3 56.3 9.1 15.7 3.0 2.0 1.8 4.9 – 1.2

Financial activities ............................................. 30,110 7 11.7 41.3 7.5 15.3 4.8 2.3 1.5 3.0 – 1.1

Real estate and rental and leasing ................ 20,630 7 34.5 111.0 26.8 31.5 17.0 2.1 4.4 8.3 – 3.0

Professional and business services .................. 67,320 7 11.3 44.5 9.4 14.6 3.6 1.0 1.7 3.6 – 2.8

Professional, scientific, and technical

services ....................................................... 18,030 5 5.6 22.8 3.4 7.1 1.6 .5 1.1 1.4 – 3.2

Management of companies and enterprises 5,700 8 7.0 26.6 5.1 11.2 2.5 .7 1.1 1.3 – .2

Administrative and support and waste

management and remediation services ....... 43,590 9 21.9 85.7 20.6 27.5 7.1 2.0 3.0 7.8 .1 3.1

Education and health services ........................... 168,940 6 39.3 106.8 13.4 29.2 10.9 1.7 4.8 4.2 .1 13.7

Educational services ...................................... 10,530 5 12.8 56.3 10.5 18.8 3.4 .9 1.3 1.4 – 10.8

Health care and social assistance ................. 158,410 6 42.9 113.6 13.8 30.6 11.9 1.8 5.2 4.6 .1 14.0

Leisure and hospitality ....................................... 92,670 6 20.3 96.2 29.7 27.6 6.9 1.8 10.5 2.0 .1 3.7

Arts, entertainment, and recreation ............... 14,110 6 28.8 105.8 24.6 30.9 8.5 2.5 6.4 2.8 .1 8.4

Accommodation and food services ................ 78,560 6 19.0 94.7 30.5 27.1 6.7 1.6 11.1 1.8 .1 2.9

Other services ................................................... 23,600 6 22.0 75.9 21.9 17.9 6.5 1.7 3.4 4.9 .3 4.6

See footnotes at end of table.
TABLE 1. Number, median days away from work1, and incidence rate2 for nonfatal occupational injuries and illnesses involving days away from

work3 by ownership, industry, musculoskeletal disorders4, and event or exposure, 2015 — Continued

Industry Number

Median

days

away

from

work

Musculoskeletal

disorders

(incidence

rate)

Incidence

rate

Event or exposure leading to injury or illness5

Contact

with

objects

Falls,

Slips,

Trips

Overexertion

in lifting

lowering

Repetitive

motion

Exposure

to

harmful

substances

or

environments

Transportation

incidents

Fires

and

explosions

Violence

and

other

injuries

by

persons

or

animal

Total state government6,7,8 ................................... 59,590 11 41.0 149.2 17.8 38.3 8.4 2.3 6.5 10.8 0.1 31.2

Total service providing ........................................... 57,960 11 40.5 147.8 17.3 37.9 8.2 2.3 6.4 10.4 .1 31.7

Education and health services ........................... 25,980 10 36.8 127.2 14.4 30.5 9.1 1.8 3.4 4.3 – 35.6

Educational services ...................................... 7,520 10 17.3 50.5 7.1 18.6 5.4 1.2 2.5 1.6 – 1.4

Health care and social assistance ................. 18,460 10 89.4 334.4 34.0 62.5 19.2 3.5 5.9 11.7 – 127.7

Public administration ......................................... 27,500 12 40.7 157.5 17.1 45.5 6.5 2.6 9.6 10.3 .2 29.0

Justice, public order, and safety activities ..... 18,620 13 67.2 261.6 26.2 67.3 10.5 2.5 11.4 13.6 – 66.6

Total local government6,7,8 ................................... 191,750 9 50.2 177.5 28.4 51.1 14.4 2.1 8.2 11.6 .5 23.0

Total goods producing ........................................... 3,250 20 112.7 320.9 69.1 102.8 35.9 5.8 5.6 24.9 – –

Construction ...................................................... 3,250 20 113.2 322.0 69.2 103.0 36.0 5.8 5.6 25.0 – –

Total service providing ........................................... 188,490 9 49.6 176.1 28.0 50.6 14.1 2.1 8.2 11.5 .5 23.2

Trade, transportation and utilities8 ..................... 14,920 17 123.5 315.2 49.6 55.1 26.3 8.9 13.9 44.3 – 24.6

Transportation and warehousing ................... 9,790 19 148.0 391.0 60.1 48.9 15.0 9.1 12.9 80.2 – 35.1

Utilities ........................................................... 5,130 10 96.8 232.1 38.0 62.8 39.3 8.8 15.1 4.1 – 12.8

Education and health services ........................... 80,810 8 34.2 124.7 21.2 43.1 10.7 1.1 4.6 3.4 – 15.4

Educational services ...................................... 69,800 8 31.0 121.7 21.7 43.8 10.1 .9 4.2 3.5 – 14.8

Health care and social assistance ................. 11,010 7 58.8 148.5 16.7 37.3 15.9 2.7 7.4 2.7 – 20.1

Public administration ......................................... 84,380 9 66.8 248.2 34.7 63.6 17.5 2.8 13.7 20.3 1.4 39.4

Justice, public order, and safety activities ..... 38,200 10 103.6 414.0 56.2 93.6 20.8 2.4 26.1 31.6 2.1 85.2

1 Median days away from work is the measure used to summarize the varying lengths of absences from work among the cases with days away from work. Half the cases

involved more days and half involved fewer days than a specified median. Median days away from work are represented in actual values. 2 The incidence rates represent the number of injuries and illnesses per 10,000 full-time workers and were calculated as (N/EH) x 20,000,000, where

N = number of injuries and illnesses

EH = total hours worked by all employees during the calendar year

20,000,000 = base for 10,000 equivalent full-time workers

(working 40 hours per week, 50 weeks per year). 3 Days-away-from-work cases include those that resulted in days away from work, some of which also included job transfer or restriction. 4 Musculoskeletal disorders include cases in which the nature of the injury or illness is pinched nerve; herniated disc; meniscus tear; sprains, strains, tears; hernia (traumatic

and nontraumatic); pain, swelling, and numbness; carpal or tarsal tunnel syndrome; Raynaud’s syndrome or phenomenon; musculoskeletal system and connective tissue

diseases and disorders, and when the event or exposure leading to the injury or illness is overexertion and bodily reaction, unspecified; overexertion involving outside sources;

repetitive motion involving microtasks; other and multiple exertions or bodily reactions; and rubbed, abraded, or jarred by vibration. 5 Data shown in columns correspond to Event codes based on the Occupational Injury and Illness Classification System 2.01 developed by the Bureau of Labor Statistics. 6 Excludes farms with fewer than 11 employees. 7 Data for Mining (Sector 21 in the North American Industry Classification System United States, 2012) include establishments not governed by the Mine Safety and Health

Administration rules and reporting, such as those in Oil and Gas Extraction and related support activities. Data for mining operators in coal, metal, and nonmetal mining are

provided to BLS by the Mine Safety and Health Administration, U.S. Department of Labor. Independent mining contractors are excluded from the coal, metal, and nonmetal mining

industries. These data do not reflect the changes the Occupational Safety and Health Administration made to its recordkeeping requirements effective January 1, 2002; therefore,

estimates for these industries are not comparable to estimates in other industries. 8 Data for employers in rail transportation are provided to BLS by the Federal Railroad Administration, U.S. Department of Transportation. 

Note: Dash indicates data do not meet publication guidelines. Because of rounding and data exclusion of nonclassifiable responses, data may not sum to the totals.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Survey of Occupational Injuries and Illnesses, in cooperation with participating state agencies.
TABLE 2. Number, median days away from work1, and incidence rate2 for nonfatal occupational injuries and illnesses involving

days away from work3 by ownership, industry, and nature of injury, 2015

Industry Number

Median

days away

from work

Incidence

rate

Nature of injury or illness4

Sprains,

strains,

tears

Fractures Cuts,

lacerations

AmputationsBruises,

contusions

Total private, state and local government .. 1,153,490 8 104.0 38.0 8.9 8.1 0.5 9.1

Total private industry6,7,8 ......................... 902,160 8 93.9 33.8 8.4 8.2 .6 7.9

Total goods producing .............................. 226,320 10 112.1 33.4 13.2 12.6 1.6 7.7

Natural resources and mining6,7 ........... 23,830 8 126.8 36.5 15.1 9.1 1.4 13.2

Agriculture, forestry, fishing, and

hunting6 .......................................... 18,660 6 189.0 51.9 17.3 15.4 1.4 20.9

Mining7 .............................................. 5,160 29 57.9 19.4 12.7 2.1 1.4 4.7

Construction ......................................... 79,890 13 134.8 38.8 19.8 17.2 .7 6.7

Manufacturing ....................................... 122,610 9 99.0 30.3 9.8 10.9 2.1 7.4

Total service providing .............................. 675,840 8 89.1 33.9 7.2 7.0 .3 8.0

Trade, transportation and utilities8 ........ 279,150 11 124.5 51.8 10.3 9.8 .5 12.5

Wholesale trade ................................ 60,340 9 106.5 41.4 9.8 9.1 .6 9.1

Retail trade ....................................... 123,770 7 105.3 41.0 7.7 11.5 .4 11.4

Transportation and warehousing ...... 90,990 20 204.3 96.1 17.8 7.2 .6 20.7

Utilities .............................................. 4,060 19 73.4 31.6 8.1 4.0 – 4.7

Information ............................................ 14,050 18 56.3 22.5 5.4 2.2 – 3.4

Financial activities ................................ 30,110 7 41.3 12.8 4.4 4.1 – 2.2

Real estate and rental and leasing ... 20,630 7 111.0 35.7 12.0 15.1 – 4.3

Professional and business services ..... 67,320 7 44.5 14.5 4.4 3.3 .2 3.2

Professional, scientific, and technical

services .......................................... 18,030 5 22.8 6.2 2.2 1.1 – 1.6

Management of companies and

enterprises ...................................... 5,700 8 26.6 8.7 4.0 2.4 – 2.1

Administrative and support and

waste management and

remediation services ....................... 43,590 9 85.7 29.9 7.8 7.0 .4 6.2

Education and health services .............. 168,940 6 106.8 46.5 7.2 3.0 .1 10.7

Educational services ......................... 10,530 5 56.3 18.6 5.9 3.0 .1 6.2

Health care and social assistance .... 158,410 6 113.6 50.3 7.4 3.0 .1 11.2

Leisure and hospitality .......................... 92,670 6 96.2 24.2 6.9 16.9 .4 7.2

Arts, entertainment, and recreation .. 14,110 6 105.8 35.7 8.8 8.8 .6 7.3

Accommodation and food services ... 78,560 6 94.7 22.3 6.6 18.2 .4 7.2

Other services ...................................... 23,600 6 75.9 23.3 7.3 5.9 1.2 5.0

See footnotes at end of table.
TABLE 2. Number, median days away from work1, and incidence rate2 for nonfatal occupational injuries and

illnesses involving days away from work3 by ownership, industry, and nature of injury, 2015 — Continued

Industry

Nature of injury or illness4

Heat

(thermal)

burns

Chemical

burns

Carpal

tunnel

syndrome

Tendonitis

(other or unspecified)

Multiple

traumatic injuries and

disorders

Soreness,

pain, including

back

All

other

natures5

Total private, state and local government .. 1.6 0.3 0.5 0.2 2.8 16.6 15.8

Total private industry6,7,8 ......................... 1.6 .3 .5 .3 2.4 14.2 14.2

Total goods producing .............................. 1.4 .8 1.1 .3 2.7 14.9 19.8

Natural resources and mining6,7 ........... 1.7 1.2 .6 .2 3.6 18.8 23.9

Agriculture, forestry, fishing, and

hunting6 .......................................... 2.4 1.2 1.1 .4 5.9 32.9 35.6

Mining7 .............................................. 1.0 1.2 – – 1.0 3.2 11.0

Construction ......................................... .5 .7 .2 .1 2.8 20.1 22.7

Manufacturing ....................................... 1.7 .8 1.6 .4 2.6 11.9 17.8

Total service providing .............................. 1.6 .2 .4 .2 2.3 14.0 12.8

Trade, transportation and utilities8 ........ .9 .3 .3 .2 2.9 16.6 16.9

Wholesale trade ................................ .5 .6 .4 .1 3.0 15.0 15.4

Retail trade ....................................... 1.4 .3 .3 .2 1.6 14.0 14.4

Transportation and warehousing ...... .4 .2 .3 .5 6.1 26.6 26.4

Utilities .............................................. .5 – .3 – 3.6 10.2 9.5

Information ............................................ .2 – .3 .2 1.8 9.3 10.4

Financial activities ................................ .2 .1 .8 .3 1.7 7.6 6.5

Real estate and rental and leasing ... .5 .6 .2 .5 2.8 20.5 17.7

Professional and business services ..... .5 .1 .2 .3 1.0 7.7 7.8

Professional, scientific, and technical

services .......................................... .1 – .2 .1 .3 4.0 5.2

Management of companies and

enterprises ...................................... .5 – .2 – .7 3.6 4.3

Administrative and support and

waste management and

remediation services ....................... 1.0 .3 .4 .9 2.2 15.3 13.2

Education and health services .............. .8 .2 .3 .3 2.9 19.6 14.2

Educational services ......................... .6 – .3 – 2.3 9.9 8.7

Health care and social assistance .... .8 .2 .3 .3 3.0 20.9 15.0

Leisure and hospitality .......................... 7.9 .2 .3 .2 2.7 14.9 13.8

Arts, entertainment, and recreation .. 2.2 .3 .2 .2 3.8 17.3 19.5

Accommodation and food services ... 8.8 .2 .3 .1 2.5 14.5 12.9

Other services ...................................... 1.2 .1 .6 – 1.6 12.6 12.9

See footnotes at end of table.
TABLE 2. Number, median days away from work1, and incidence rate2 for nonfatal occupational injuries and illnesses involving

days away from work3 by ownership, industry, and nature of injury, 2015 — Continued

Industry Number

Median

days away

from work

Incidence

rate

Nature of injury or illness4

Sprains,

strains,

tears

Fractures Cuts,

lacerations

AmputationsBruises,

contusions

Total state government6,7,8 ...................... 59,590 11 149.2 56.4 8.2 4.5 0.1 13.3

Total service providing .............................. 57,960 11 147.8 56.0 8.1 4.3 .1 13.1

Education and health services .............. 25,980 10 127.2 47.8 5.3 4.1 – 13.6

Educational services ......................... 7,520 10 50.5 18.7 4.0 3.3 – 3.9

Health care and social assistance .... 18,460 10 334.4 126.1 8.9 6.1 – 39.8

Public administration ............................ 27,500 12 157.5 56.3 11.4 3.8 – 10.3

Justice, public order, and safety

activities .......................................... 18,620 13 261.6 97.3 13.0 5.8 – 17.3

Total local government6,7,8 ...................... 191,750 9 177.5 68.9 13.0 8.1 .3 17.5

Total goods producing .............................. 3,250 20 320.9 129.9 48.7 20.0 – 24.7

Construction ......................................... 3,250 20 322.0 130.5 48.8 20.1 – 24.7

Total service providing .............................. 188,490 9 176.1 68.3 12.7 8.0 .3 17.4

Trade, transportation and utilities8 ........ 14,920 17 315.2 146.1 11.1 14.4 .7 19.0

Transportation and warehousing ...... 9,790 19 391.0 184.3 10.3 8.0 – 30.3

Utilities .............................................. 5,130 10 232.1 104.2 12.1 21.6 – 6.4

Education and health services .............. 80,810 8 124.7 47.3 12.3 3.8 – 15.7

Educational services ......................... 69,800 8 121.7 45.0 12.9 3.9 – 15.4

Health care and social assistance .... 11,010 7 148.5 65.2 6.9 3.5 – 17.9

Public administration ............................ 84,380 9 248.2 96.1 14.2 12.9 .7 20.2

Justice, public order, and safety

activities .......................................... 38,200 10 414.0 166.0 24.0 16.9 2.0 41.0

See footnotes at end of table.
TABLE 2. Number, median days away from work1, and incidence rate2 for nonfatal occupational injuries and

illnesses involving days away from work3 by ownership, industry, and nature of injury, 2015 — Continued

Industry

Nature of injury or illness4

Heat

(thermal)

burns

Chemical

burns

Carpal

tunnel

syndrome

Tendonitis

(other or unspecified)

Multiple

traumatic injuries and

disorders

Soreness,

pain, including

back

All

other

natures5

Total state government6,7,8 ...................... 1.3 0.2 0.6 0.1 5.8 35.0 22.1

Total service providing .............................. 1.3 .2 .7 .1 5.8 34.8 21.9

Education and health services .............. .8 .3 .4 .1 4.7 33.7 15.4

Educational services ......................... .5 .3 .2 .1 1.5 10.0 7.6

Health care and social assistance .... 1.8 .4 1.2 – 13.4 97.8 36.6

Public administration ............................ 1.8 – .9 .1 5.9 36.1 28.9

Justice, public order, and safety

activities .......................................... 1.3 – 1.3 – 11.2 63.2 48.2

Total local government6,7,8 ...................... 1.8 .2 .4 .1 6.0 31.6 27.6

Total goods producing .............................. – – 3.8 – 9.5 35.8 41.8

Construction ......................................... – – 3.9 – 9.5 36.0 41.9

Total service providing .............................. 1.8 .2 .4 .1 5.9 31.6 27.5

Trade, transportation and utilities8 ........ – 1.0 .9 – 17.4 45.5 56.5

Transportation and warehousing ...... – – 1.1 – 26.9 62.5 62.3

Utilities .............................................. – 2.1 – – 6.9 26.7 50.4

Education and health services .............. .8 .1 .2 .2 3.8 22.9 16.9

Educational services ......................... .5 – .1 .1 3.8 22.2 16.9

Health care and social assistance .... 2.9 .7 .4 .3 4.2 28.5 16.8

Public administration ............................ 3.2 .1 .8 – 8.6 43.6 43.2

Justice, public order, and safety

activities .......................................... 4.9 – .6 – 14.0 59.9 76.2

1 Median days away from work is the measure used to summarize the varying lengths of absences from work among the cases with days

away from work. Half the cases involved more days and half involved fewer days than a specified median. Median days away from work are

represented in actual values. 2 The incidence rates represent the number of injuries and illnesses per 10,000 full-time workers and were calculated as (N/EH) x

20,000,000, where

N = number of injuries and illnesses

EH = total hours worked by all employees during the calendar year

20,000,000 = base for 10,000 equivalent full-time workers

(working 40 hours per week, 50 weeks per year). 3 Days-away-from-work cases include those that resulted in days away from work, some of which also included job transfer or restriction. 4 Data shown in columns correspond to Nature codes based on the Occupational Injury and Illness Classification System 2.01 developed

by the Bureau of Labor Statistics. 5 Includes nonclassifiable responses. 6 Excludes farms with fewer than 11 employees. 7 Data for Mining (Sector 21 in the North American Industry Classification System United States, 2012) include establishments not

governed by the Mine Safety and Health Administration rules and reporting, such as those in Oil and Gas Extraction and related support

activities. Data for mining operators in coal, metal, and nonmetal mining are provided to BLS by the Mine Safety and Health Administration,

U.S. Department of Labor. Independent mining contractors are excluded from the coal, metal, and nonmetal mining industries. These data do

not reflect the changes the Occupational Safety and Health Administration made to its recordkeeping requirements effective January 1, 2002;

therefore, estimates for these industries are not comparable to estimates in other industries. 8 Data for employers in rail transportation are provided to BLS by the Federal Railroad Administration, U.S. Department of Transportation. 

Note: Dash indicates data do not meet publication guidelines. Because of rounding and data exclusion of nonclassifiable responses, data

may not sum to the totals.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Survey of Occupational Injuries and Illnesses, in cooperation with participating state agencies.
TABLE 3. Number, incidence rate1, and median days away from work2 for nonfatal occupational injuries and illnesses

involving days away from work3 by selected worker occupation4 and ownership, 2015

Occupation4

Total private,

state, and local government5,6,7

Private

industry5,6,7

Number Incidence

rate

Median

days away

from work

Number Incidence

rate

Median

days away

from work

Total ....................................................................................... 1,153,490 104.0 8 902,160 93.9 8

Police and Sheriffs Patrol Officers ................................................. 29,670 497.7 8 200 401.1 16

Correctional Officers and Jailers .................................................... 16,080 420.2 11 610 345.4 7

Firefighters ..................................................................................... 13,280 397.5 11 200 143.0 14

Nursing Assistants ......................................................................... 37,370 348.5 6 32,320 327.8 5

Heating, Air Conditioning, and Refrigeration Mechanics and

Installers ...................................................................................... 7,880 319.5 9 7,420 318.7 8

Light Truck or Delivery Services Drivers ........................................ 24,780 314.0 14 23,330 298.0 15

Emergency Medical Technicians and Paramedics ........................ 6,670 313.5 9 4,160 291.0 8

Heavy and Tractor-Trailer Truck Drivers ....................................... 49,260 307.5 22 47,350 298.7 21

Laborers and Freight, Stock, and Material Movers, Hand ............. 59,010 297.8 9 56,550 289.4 9

Food Preparation Workers ............................................................. 15,860 290.8 6 14,310 277.0 6

Sheet Metal Workers ..................................................................... 3,360 289.9 7 3,340 289.5 7

Nonfarm Animal Caretakers .......................................................... 3,320 278.0 3 3,080 264.6 3

Janitors and Cleaners, Except Maids and Housekeeping

Cleaners ...................................................................................... 42,740 277.4 10 20,200 172.0 9

Construction Laborers ................................................................... 19,960 265.3 11 18,530 256.0 11

Maintenance and Repair Workers, General .................................. 30,020 262.4 9 22,820 240.2 8

Maids and Housekeeping Cleaners ............................................... 17,440 255.6 7 16,390 248.6 7

Bus and Truck Mechanics and Diesel Engine Specialists ............. 5,870 246.0 18 4,080 199.6 18

Painters, Construction and Maintenance ....................................... 4,140 235.9 9 3,490 208.8 10

Taxi Drivers and Chauffeurs .......................................................... 3,100 213.6 11 2,990 213.6 11

Automotive Service Technicians and Mechanics .......................... 11,920 207.2 8 11,450 206.3 7

Food Servers, Nonrestaurant ........................................................ 3,360 201.0 5 2,700 165.3 5

Landscaping and Groundskeeping Workers .................................. 14,180 194.1 7 10,100 157.2 7

Plumbers, Pipefitters, and Steamfitters ......................................... 6,860 193.7 22 6,410 190.0 23

Teacher Assistants ........................................................................ 15,590 185.9 5 2,840 156.5 5

Bus Drivers, School or Special Client ............................................ 6,680 185.8 13 3,130 176.4 12

Cooks, Institution and Cafeteria ..................................................... 5,450 184.9 8 2,970 161.6 5

Chefs and Head Cooks .................................................................. 2,180 182.7 5 2,120 181.9 5

Counter Attendants, Cafeteria, Food Concession, and Coffee

Shop ............................................................................................ 4,400 182.6 13 3,130 137.2 19

Carpenters ..................................................................................... 9,990 179.6 12 9,710 178.2 12

Laundry and Dry-Cleaning Workers .............................................. 2,770 175.5 11 2,600 169.4 10

Telecommunications Equipment Installers and Repairers, Except

Line Installers ............................................................................... 3,510 175.3 20 3,490 177.5 20

Welders, Cutters, Solderers, and Brazers ..................................... 5,950 163.9 7 5,800 160.4 7

Reservation and Transportation Ticket Agents and Travel Clerks 1,810 158.0 13 1,780 156.6 13

First-Line Supervisors of Housekeeping and Janitorial Workers ... 2,350 156.8 7 1,560 130.2 4

First-Line Supervisors of Helpers, Laborers, and Material Movers,

Hand ............................................................................................ 2,650 155.7 10 2,340 140.2 8

Stock Clerks and Order Fillers ....................................................... 21,420 154.4 8 21,160 154.7 8

Dining Room and Cafeteria Attendants and Bartender Helpers .... 3,450 151.4 5 2,800 130.2 5

Personal Care Aides ...................................................................... 14,640 149.4 8 12,800 132.0 8

Dishwashers .................................................................................. 4,600 145.6 6 4,510 144.3 6

Medical and Clinical Laboratory Technicians ................................ 1,830 144.5 8 1,640 143.8 8

See footnotes at end of table.
TABLE 3. Number, incidence rate1, and median days away from work2 for nonfatal occupational injuries and illnesses

involving days away from work3 by selected worker occupation4 and ownership, 2015 — Continued

Occupation4

State

government6,7

Local

government6,7

Number Incidence

rate

Median

days away

from work

Number Incidence

rate

Median

days away

from work

Total ....................................................................................... 59,590 149.2 11 191,750 177.5 9

Police and Sheriffs Patrol Officers ................................................. 2,790 393.9 13 26,680 530.2 7

Correctional Officers and Jailers .................................................... 10,790 457.5 14 4,680 333.0 5

Firefighters ..................................................................................... 690 624.4 4 12,390 422.2 12

Nursing Assistants ......................................................................... 2,220 737.9 8 2,830 494.5 6

Heating, Air Conditioning, and Refrigeration Mechanics and

Installers ...................................................................................... 180 368.5 9 280 303.8 16

Light Truck or Delivery Services Drivers ........................................ 60 – 14 1,390 1,975.9 8

Emergency Medical Technicians and Paramedics ........................ – – – 2,500 387.5 10

Heavy and Tractor-Trailer Truck Drivers ....................................... 110 – 16 1,790 896.5 30

Laborers and Freight, Stock, and Material Movers, Hand ............. 240 296.0 9 2,210 957.6 8

Food Preparation Workers ............................................................. 310 853.1 10 1,240 490.5 6

Sheet Metal Workers ..................................................................... 20 – 43 – – –

Nonfarm Animal Caretakers .......................................................... 60 – 24 170 – 3

Janitors and Cleaners, Except Maids and Housekeeping

Cleaners ...................................................................................... 2,400 405.7 15 20,140 657.4 10

Construction Laborers ................................................................... 130 – 25 1,310 485.8 7

Maintenance and Repair Workers, General .................................. 1,400 320.3 10 5,810 390.4 10

Maids and Housekeeping Cleaners ............................................... 340 687.5 6 710 365.9 6

Bus and Truck Mechanics and Diesel Engine Specialists ............. 350 863.1 22 1,430 486.3 15

Painters, Construction and Maintenance ....................................... 120 – 6 540 834.2 9

Taxi Drivers and Chauffeurs .......................................................... 20 – 14 90 215.6 14

Automotive Service Technicians and Mechanics .......................... 180 310.6 10 290 193.1 10

Food Servers, Nonrestaurant ........................................................ 370 – 13 290 547.7 3

Landscaping and Groundskeeping Workers .................................. 710 557.1 7 3,370 451.0 7

Plumbers, Pipefitters, and Steamfitters ......................................... 120 295.5 13 330 246.4 9

Teacher Assistants ........................................................................ 120 53.7 9 12,630 207.7 5

Bus Drivers, School or Special Client ............................................ – – – 3,530 206.7 13

Cooks, Institution and Cafeteria ..................................................... 500 576.5 20 1,980 210.2 12

Chefs and Head Cooks .................................................................. 50 – 180 – – –

Counter Attendants, Cafeteria, Food Concession, and Coffee

Shop ............................................................................................ 60 – 12 1,200 1,505.8 7

Carpenters ..................................................................................... 140 378.4 10 140 155.2 21

Laundry and Dry-Cleaning Workers .............................................. 100 – 85 80 275.5 15

Telecommunications Equipment Installers and Repairers, Except

Line Installers ............................................................................... ––––––

Welders, Cutters, Solderers, and Brazers ..................................... 30 – 5 120 – 6

Reservation and Transportation Ticket Agents and Travel Clerks – – – 20 – 1

First-Line Supervisors of Housekeeping and Janitorial Workers ... 130 216.2 10 650 284.0 20

First-Line Supervisors of Helpers, Laborers, and Material Movers,

Hand ............................................................................................ 120 – 25 200 721.5 34

Stock Clerks and Order Fillers ....................................................... 150 132.4 7 120 96.9 26

Dining Room and Cafeteria Attendants and Bartender Helpers .... 60 – 7 590 619.0 6

Personal Care Aides ...................................................................... 1,180 894.1 9 660 698.4 13

Dishwashers .................................................................................. – – – 90 – 4

Medical and Clinical Laboratory Technicians ................................ 110 182.0 15 80 108.8 4

1 The incidence rates represent the number of injuries and illnesses per 10,000 full-time workers and were calculated as (N/EH) x 20,000,000,

where

N = number of injuries and illnesses

EH = total hours worked by all employees during the calendar year

20,000,000 = base for 10,000 equivalent full-time workers

(working 40 hours per week, 50 weeks per year). 2 Median days away from work is the measure used to summarize the varying lengths of absences from work among the cases with days away

from work. Half the cases involved more days and half involved fewer days than a specified median. Median days away from work are represented in

actual values. 3 Days-away-from-work cases include those that resulted in days away from work, some of which also included job transfer or restriction. 4 These occupations have at least 0.1% of full-time equivalent employment. 5 Excludes farms with fewer than 11 employees. 6 Data for Mining (Sector 21 in the North American Industry Classification System United States, 2012) include establishments not governed by

the Mine Safety and Health Administration rules and reporting, such as those in Oil and Gas Extraction and related support activities. Data for mining

operators in coal, metal, and nonmetal mining are provided to BLS by the Mine Safety and Health Administration, U.S. Department of Labor.

Independent mining contractors are excluded from the coal, metal, and nonmetal mining industries. These data do not reflect the changes the

Occupational Safety and Health Administration made to its recordkeeping requirements effective January 1, 2002; therefore, estimates for these

industries are not comparable to estimates in other industries. 7 Data for employers in rail transportation are provided to BLS by the Federal Railroad Administration, U.S. Department of Transportation. 

Note: Dash indicates data do not meet publication guidelines. Because of rounding and data exclusion of nonclassifiable responses, data may not

sum to the totals.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Survey of Occupational Injuries and Illnesses, in cooperation with participating state agencies.
TABLE 4. Number, incidence rate1, and median days away from work2 for nonfatal occupational injuries and

illnesses involving days away from work3 by injury or illness characteristics and ownership, 2015

Characteristic

Total private, state, and local

government4,5,6

Private

 industry4,5,6

Number Incidence

rate

Median

days away

from work

Number Incidence

rate

Median

days away

from work

Total .............................................................................. 1,153,490 104.0 8 902,160 93.9 8

Musculoskeletal disorders7 ............................................... 356,910 32.2 12 286,350 29.8 12

Nature of injury or illness:

Fractures ........................................................................... 98,530 8.9 31 81,180 8.4 32

Sprains, strains, tears ....................................................... 421,610 38.0 10 324,700 33.8 10

Amputations ...................................................................... 5,700 .5 22 5,360 .6 26

Cuts, lacerations, punctures ............................................. 106,410 9.6 4 93,090 9.7 3

Cuts, lacerations ........................................................... 89,300 8.1 4 78,790 8.2 3

Punctures (except gunshot wounds) ............................ 17,110 1.5 3 14,300 1.5 3

Bruises, contusions ........................................................... 100,480 9.1 5 76,290 7.9 4

Chemical burns and corrosions ........................................ 3,490 .3 3 3,200 .3 3

Heat (thermal) burns ......................................................... 17,520 1.6 5 15,010 1.6 4

Multiple traumatic injuries ................................................. 31,570 2.8 10 22,800 2.4 10

With sprains .................................................................. 14,600 1.3 9 10,110 1.1 11

With fractures ................................................................ 4,540 .4 31 3,970 .4 32

Soreness, pain .................................................................. 184,400 16.6 8 136,300 14.2 7

Carpal tunnel syndrome .................................................... 5,650 .5 28 4,920 .5 28

Tendonitis (other or unspecified) ...................................... 2,650 .2 14 2,470 .3 14

All other natures ................................................................ 175,500 15.8 7 136,840 14.2 7

Event or exposure leading to injury or illness:

Violence and other injuries by persons or animal ............. 75,720 6.8 5 38,440 4.0 4

Intentional injury by other person .................................... 34,750 3.1 7 16,160 1.7 5

Injury by person unintentional or intent unknown ........... 25,450 2.3 7 9,930 1.0 5

Animal and insect related incidents ................................ 14,740 1.3 3 12,020 1.3 3

Transportation incidents ................................................... 63,210 5.7 10 46,360 4.8 11

Roadway incidents involving motorized land vehicles .... 44,490 4.0 8 31,130 3.2 10

Fires and explosions ......................................................... 1,850 .2 9 1,270 .1 11

Falls, slips, trips ................................................................ 309,060 27.9 12 238,610 24.8 12

Slips, trips without fall ..................................................... 45,170 4.1 11 34,140 3.6 10

Fall on same level ........................................................... 197,260 17.8 10 149,180 15.5 10

Fall to lower level ............................................................ 60,490 5.5 18 50,490 5.3 19

Exposure to harmful substances or environments ............ 51,650 4.7 4 40,250 4.2 3

Contact with object, equipment ......................................... 269,910 24.3 5 232,120 24.2 5

Struck by object or equipment ........................................ 157,490 14.2 5 135,280 14.1 5

Struck against object or equipment ................................ 59,010 5.3 5 50,160 5.2 5

Caught in or compressed by object or equipment .......... 36,870 3.3 10 33,400 3.5 10

Overexertion and bodily reaction ...................................... 376,190 33.9 12 300,600 31.3 12

Overexertion in lifting or lowering ................................... 113,260 10.2 11 94,420 9.8 11

Repetitive motion involving microtasks ........................... 24,410 2.2 22 21,230 2.2 22

All other event or exposures ............................................. 5,900 .5 8 4,520 .5 7

See footnotes at end of table.
TABLE 4. Number, incidence rate1, and median days away from work2 for nonfatal occupational injuries and

illnesses involving days away from work3 by injury or illness characteristics and ownership, 2015 — Continued

Characteristic

State

 government5,6

Local

 government5,6

Number Incidence

rate

Median

days away

from work

Number Incidence

rate

Median

days away

from work

Total .............................................................................. 59,590 149.2 11 191,750 177.5 9

Musculoskeletal disorders7 ............................................... 16,380 41.0 15 54,190 50.2 10

Nature of injury or illness:

Fractures ........................................................................... 3,270 8.2 46 14,070 13.0 30

Sprains, strains, tears ....................................................... 22,530 56.4 13 74,390 68.9 10

Amputations ...................................................................... 40 .1 16 290 .3 12

Cuts, lacerations, punctures ............................................. 2,360 5.9 4 10,950 10.1 4

Cuts, lacerations ........................................................... 1,790 4.5 4 8,720 8.1 4

Punctures (except gunshot wounds) ............................ 570 1.4 3 2,230 2.1 5

Bruises, contusions ........................................................... 5,330 13.3 6 18,870 17.5 5

Chemical burns and corrosions ........................................ 90 .2 2 210 .2 5

Heat (thermal) burns ......................................................... 540 1.3 6 1,970 1.8 9

Multiple traumatic injuries ................................................. 2,330 5.8 6 6,440 6.0 9

With sprains .................................................................. 1,300 3.3 5 3,190 2.9 6

With fractures ................................................................ 140 .3 15 430 .4 22

Soreness, pain .................................................................. 13,970 35.0 11 34,130 31.6 9

Carpal tunnel syndrome .................................................... 260 .6 35 470 .4 21

Tendonitis (other or unspecified) ...................................... 50 .1 30 130 .1 29

All other natures ................................................................ 8,820 22.1 8 29,830 27.6 9

Event or exposure leading to injury or illness:

Violence and other injuries by persons or animal ............. 12,470 31.2 10 24,810 23.0 7

Intentional injury by other person .................................... 7,090 17.7 9 11,510 10.7 9

Injury by person unintentional or intent unknown ........... 4,660 11.7 15 10,860 10.1 8

Animal and insect related incidents ................................ 600 1.5 4 2,120 2.0 3

Transportation incidents ................................................... 4,300 10.8 7 12,550 11.6 8

Roadway incidents involving motorized land vehicles .... 3,640 9.1 7 9,720 9.0 6

Fires and explosions ......................................................... 60 .1 33 530 .5 3

Falls, slips, trips ................................................................ 15,290 38.3 14 55,160 51.1 11

Slips, trips without fall ..................................................... 2,270 5.7 9 8,760 8.1 14

Fall on same level ........................................................... 10,500 26.3 14 37,580 34.8 10

Fall to lower level ............................................................ 2,310 5.8 51 7,700 7.1 10

Exposure to harmful substances or environments ............ 2,590 6.5 4 8,810 8.2 7

Contact with object, equipment ......................................... 7,120 17.8 6 30,680 28.4 6

Struck by object or equipment ........................................ 3,910 9.8 6 18,300 16.9 6

Struck against object or equipment ................................ 1,770 4.4 8 7,090 6.6 5

Caught in or compressed by object or equipment .......... 860 2.2 7 2,600 2.4 6

Overexertion and bodily reaction ...................................... 17,360 43.5 15 58,230 53.9 10

Overexertion in lifting or lowering ................................... 3,340 8.4 14 15,500 14.4 13

Repetitive motion involving microtasks ........................... 920 2.3 21 2,260 2.1 19

All other event or exposures ............................................. 400 1.0 15 980 .9 10

See footnotes at end of table.
TABLE 4. Number, incidence rate1, and median days away from work2 for nonfatal occupational injuries and

illnesses involving days away from work3 by injury or illness characteristics and ownership, 2015 — Continued

Characteristic

Total private, state, and local

government4,5,6

Private

 industry4,5,6

Number Incidence

rate

Median

days away

from work

Number Incidence

rate

Median

days away

from work

Part of body affected by the injury or illness:

Head ................................................................................. 94,360 8.5 3 74,180 7.7 3

Eye(s) ........................................................................... 25,080 2.3 2 20,600 2.1 2

Neck .................................................................................. 15,950 1.4 8 12,430 1.3 9

Trunk ................................................................................. 258,000 23.3 8 209,360 21.8 8

Back .............................................................................. 191,450 17.3 7 155,740 16.2 7

Upper extremities .............................................................. 358,890 32.4 10 294,420 30.6 9

Shoulder ....................................................................... 92,850 8.4 23 72,270 7.5 23

Arm ............................................................................... 56,390 5.1 10 45,760 4.8 8

Wrist .............................................................................. 41,790 3.8 14 34,210 3.6 14

Hand ............................................................................. 143,900 13.0 5 124,540 13.0 5

Lower extremities .............................................................. 266,470 24.0 12 202,460 21.1 13

Knee ............................................................................. 100,880 9.1 16 73,810 7.7 17

Ankle ............................................................................. 59,350 5.4 9 45,780 4.8 10

Foot ............................................................................... 53,530 4.8 10 43,310 4.5 10

Body systems ................................................................... 24,620 2.2 5 16,560 1.7 3

Multiple ............................................................................. 127,180 11.5 9 86,410 9.0 9

All other parts of body ....................................................... 8,020 .7 6 6,350 .7 5

Source of injury or illness:

Chemicals and chemical products .................................... 14,280 1.3 3 11,050 1.1 3

Containers ........................................................................ 117,440 10.6 9 101,690 10.6 9

Furniture and fixtures ........................................................ 49,080 4.4 7 39,520 4.1 7

Machinery ......................................................................... 59,830 5.4 7 53,400 5.6 7

Parts and materials ........................................................... 81,670 7.4 9 73,250 7.6 9

Person, injured or ill worker .............................................. 178,620 16.1 12 135,790 14.1 12

Worker motion or position ............................................. 167,620 15.1 12 128,270 13.3 13

Person, other than injured or ill worker ............................. 110,520 10.0 7 64,340 6.7 6

Patient ........................................................................... 56,090 5.1 7 41,820 4.4 6

Floors, walkways, ground surfaces ................................... 202,150 18.2 11 152,830 15.9 11

Handtools .......................................................................... 52,030 4.7 5 45,630 4.7 5

Ladder ............................................................................... 23,920 2.2 21 20,490 2.1 18

Vehicles ............................................................................ 116,430 10.5 10 91,410 9.5 12

Trucks ........................................................................... 27,480 2.5 14 24,000 2.5 16

Cart, dolly, hand truck nonpowered .............................. 15,490 1.4 9 13,140 1.4 10

All other sources ............................................................... 147,530 13.3 5 112,770 11.7 5

See footnotes at end of table.
TABLE 4. Number, incidence rate1, and median days away from work2 for nonfatal occupational injuries and

illnesses involving days away from work3 by injury or illness characteristics and ownership, 2015 — Continued

Characteristic

State

 government5,6

Local

 government5,6

Number Incidence

rate

Median

days away

from work

Number Incidence

rate

Median

days away

from work

Part of body affected by the injury or illness:

Head ................................................................................. 5,140 12.9 4 15,040 13.9 5

Eye(s) ........................................................................... 1,010 2.5 3 3,460 3.2 4

Neck .................................................................................. 920 2.3 10 2,600 2.4 7

Trunk ................................................................................. 12,500 31.3 10 36,150 33.5 8

Back .............................................................................. 9,240 23.1 8 26,480 24.5 8

Upper extremities .............................................................. 14,640 36.6 14 49,830 46.1 10

Shoulder ....................................................................... 4,470 11.2 25 16,110 14.9 23

Arm ............................................................................... 2,140 5.4 11 8,490 7.9 11

Wrist .............................................................................. 1,690 4.2 13 5,890 5.5 13

Hand ............................................................................. 4,560 11.4 8 14,800 13.7 6

Lower extremities .............................................................. 12,620 31.6 13 51,400 47.6 10

Knee ............................................................................. 5,610 14.0 18 21,470 19.9 12

Ankle ............................................................................. 2,980 7.5 9 10,590 9.8 7

Foot ............................................................................... 1,700 4.3 11 8,520 7.9 11

Body systems ................................................................... 1,960 4.9 5 6,100 5.6 7

Multiple ............................................................................. 11,060 27.7 12 29,710 27.5 9

All other parts of body ....................................................... 750 1.9 21 920 .9 8

Source of injury or illness:

Chemicals and chemical products .................................... 600 1.5 3 2,630 2.4 8

Containers ........................................................................ 2,630 6.6 19 13,130 12.2 10

Furniture and fixtures ........................................................ 2,000 5.0 7 7,560 7.0 7

Machinery ......................................................................... 1,100 2.7 9 5,340 4.9 7

Parts and materials ........................................................... 1,580 3.9 15 6,840 6.3 11

Person, injured or ill worker .............................................. 9,820 24.6 13 33,000 30.6 10

Worker motion or position ............................................. 9,070 22.7 14 30,280 28.0 10

Person, other than injured or ill worker ............................. 15,180 38.0 11 31,000 28.7 8

Patient ........................................................................... 8,010 20.1 10 6,250 5.8 8

Floors, walkways, ground surfaces ................................... 10,600 26.5 14 38,720 35.8 10

Handtools .......................................................................... 1,340 3.3 8 5,070 4.7 12

Ladder ............................................................................... 1,100 2.8 54 2,320 2.2 24

Vehicles ............................................................................ 5,920 14.8 7 19,100 17.7 8

Trucks ........................................................................... 640 1.6 10 2,850 2.6 9

Cart, dolly, hand truck nonpowered .............................. 810 2.0 20 1,540 1.4 6

All other sources ............................................................... 7,710 19.3 6 27,050 25.0 6

1 The incidence rates represent the number of injuries and illnesses per 10,000 full-time workers and were calculated as (N/EH) x

20,000,000, where

N = number of injuries and illnesses

EH = total hours worked by all employees during the calendar year

20,000,000 = base for 10,000 equivalent full-time workers

(working 40 hours per week, 50 weeks per year). 2 Median days away from work is the measure used to summarize the varying lengths of absences from work among the cases with

days away from work. Half the cases involved more days and half involved fewer days than a specified median. Median days away from

work are represented in actual values. 3 Days-away-from-work cases include those that resulted in days away from work, some of which also included job transfer or

restriction. 4 Excludes farms with fewer than 11 employees. 5 Data for Mining (Sector 21 in the North American Industry Classification System United States, 2012) include establishments not

governed by the Mine Safety and Health Administration rules and reporting, such as those in Oil and Gas Extraction and related support

activities. Data for mining operators in coal, metal, and nonmetal mining are provided to BLS by the Mine Safety and Health

Administration, U.S. Department of Labor. Independent mining contractors are excluded from the coal, metal, and nonmetal mining

industries. These data do not reflect the changes the Occupational Safety and Health Administration made to its recordkeeping

requirements effective January 1, 2002; therefore, estimates for these industries are not comparable to estimates in other industries. 6 Data for employers in rail transportation are provided to BLS by the Federal Railroad Administration, U.S. Department of

Transportation. 7 Musculoskeletal disorders include cases in which the nature of the injury or illness is pinched nerve; herniated disc; meniscus tear;

sprains, strains, tears; hernia (traumatic and nontraumatic); pain, swelling, and numbness; carpal or tarsal tunnel syndrome; Raynaud’s

syndrome or phenomenon; musculoskeletal system and connective tissue diseases and disorders, and when the event or exposure

leading to the injury or illness is overexertion and bodily reaction, unspecified; overexertion involving outside sources; repetitive motion

involving microtasks; other and multiple exertions or bodily reactions; and rubbed, abraded, or jarred by vibration.

Note: Dash indicates data do not meet publication guidelines. Because of rounding and data exclusion of nonclassifiable responses,

data may not sum to the totals.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Survey of Occupational Injuries and Illnesses, in cooperation with participating state agencies.
TABLE 5. Number, incidence rate1, and median days away from work2 for nonfatal occupational injuries

and illnesses involving days away from work3 by gender, age groups, length of service, race or ethnic

origin, by ownership, 2015

Characteristic

Total private, state, and local

government4,5,6

Private

 industry4,5,6

Number Incidence

rate

Median

days away

from work

Number Incidence

rate

Median

days away

from work

Total ............................................................ 1,153,490 104.0 8 902,160 93.9 8

Gender:

Male .................................................................. 702,400 113.5 10 556,370 100.5 9

Female .............................................................. 445,970 91.9 7 341,130 84.8 7

Age:

14 - 15 .............................................................. 140 – 4 130 – 3

16 - 19 .............................................................. 24,910 110.5 4 23,560 109.2 4

20 - 24 .............................................................. 93,940 98.3 4 86,590 97.5 4

25 - 34 .............................................................. 233,940 92.9 6 190,500 85.2 6

35 - 44 .............................................................. 245,450 102.6 9 187,950 91.4 9

45 - 54 .............................................................. 280,100 112.8 12 210,200 99.6 12

55 - 64 .............................................................. 207,250 115.8 13 152,590 101.3 14

65 and over ....................................................... 43,390 89.2 14 33,850 81.0 17

Length of service with employer:

Less than 3 months .......................................... 111,110 – 6 103,010 – 6

3 - 11 months .................................................... 200,000 – 6 183,470 – 7

1 - 5 years ......................................................... 352,170 – 7 293,100 – 7

More than 5 years ............................................. 465,720 – 12 306,050 – 13

Race or ethnic origin:7

White only ......................................................... 434,250 – 7 347,200 – 7

Black only ......................................................... 91,190 – 8 73,590 – 8

Hispanic or Latino only ..................................... 142,170 – 7 125,360 – 7

Asian only ......................................................... 16,190 – 7 14,530 – 7

Native Hawaiian or Pacific Islander only .......... 3,050 – 9 2,490 – 7

American Indian or Alaskan Native only ........... 4,830 – 4 4,040 – 4

Hispanic or Latino and other race ..................... 630 – 5 460 – 5

Multi-race .......................................................... 1,240 – 2 1,130 – 2

Not reported ...................................................... 459,960 – 10 333,370 – 10

See footnotes at end of table.
TABLE 5. Number, incidence rate1, and median days away from work2 for nonfatal occupational injuries

and illnesses involving days away from work3 by gender, age groups, length of service, race or ethnic

origin, by ownership, 2015 — Continued

Characteristic

State

 government5,6

Local

 government5,6

Number Incidence

rate

Median

days away

from work

Number Incidence

rate

Median

days away

from work

Total ............................................................ 59,590 149.2 11 191,750 177.5 9

Gender:

Male .................................................................. 31,420 188.0 12 114,600 237.9 10

Female .............................................................. 28,060 121.1 9 76,780 128.7 8

Age:

14 - 15 .............................................................. – – – – – –

16 - 19 .............................................................. 360 138.4 4 1,000 128.3 4

20 - 24 .............................................................. 2,160 93.3 6 5,200 112.3 5

25 - 34 .............................................................. 10,280 132.3 8 33,170 158.1 6

35 - 44 .............................................................. 13,560 150.8 10 43,940 176.1 9

45 - 54 .............................................................. 17,740 180.0 13 52,170 188.5 10

55 - 64 .............................................................. 12,720 158.3 14 41,940 205.5 11

65 and over ....................................................... 1,710 85.1 12 7,830 158.5 8

Length of service with employer:

Less than 3 months .......................................... 2,230 – 5 5,870 – 5

3 - 11 months .................................................... 4,130 – 5 12,390 – 6

1 - 5 years ......................................................... 13,690 – 9 45,380 – 7

More than 5 years ............................................. 37,570 – 13 122,100 – 10

Race or ethnic origin:7

White only ......................................................... 17,350 – 10 69,700 – 7

Black only ......................................................... 6,380 – 9 11,230 – 10

Hispanic or Latino only ..................................... 2,030 – 18 14,770 – 9

Asian only ......................................................... 500 – 7 1,160 – 5

Native Hawaiian or Pacific Islander only .......... 130 – 22 430 – 30

American Indian or Alaskan Native only ........... 230 – 7 570 – 7

Hispanic or Latino and other race ..................... 40 – 6 130 – 5

Multi-race .......................................................... 40 – 5 70 – 43

Not reported ...................................................... 32,900 – 11 93,690 – 10

1 The incidence rates represent the number of injuries and illnesses per 10,000 full-time workers and were calculated as

(N/EH) x 20,000,000, where

N = number of injuries and illnesses

EH = total hours worked by all employees during the calendar year

20,000,000 = base for 10,000 equivalent full-time workers

(working 40 hours per week, 50 weeks per year). 2 Median days away from work is the measure used to summarize the varying lengths of absences from work among the

cases with days away from work. Half the cases involved more days and half involved fewer days than a specified median.

Median days away from work are represented in actual values. 3 Days-away-from-work cases include those that resulted in days away from work, some of which also included job transfer

or restriction. 4 Excludes farms with fewer than 11 employees. 5 Data for Mining (Sector 21 in the North American Industry Classification System United States, 2012) include

establishments not governed by the Mine Safety and Health Administration rules and reporting, such as those in Oil and Gas

Extraction and related support activities. Data for mining operators in coal, metal, and nonmetal mining are provided to BLS by

the Mine Safety and Health Administration, U.S. Department of Labor. Independent mining contractors are excluded from the

coal, metal, and nonmetal mining industries. These data do not reflect the changes the Occupational Safety and Health

Administration made to its recordkeeping requirements effective January 1, 2002; therefore, estimates for these industries are

not comparable to estimates in other industries. 6 Data for employers in rail transportation are provided to BLS by the Federal Railroad Administration, U.S. Department of

Transportation. 7 Race and ethnicity data do not add to total. Some cases may be counted as both multi-race and Hispanic and other race.

Note: Dash indicates data do not meet publication guidelines. Because of rounding and data exclusion of nonclassifiable

responses, data may not sum to the totals.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Survey of Occupational Injuries and Illnesses, in cooperation with participating state

agencies.
TABLE 6. Incidence rates1 for nonfatal occupational injuries and illnesses involving days away from work2 per 10,000

full-time workers by injury or illness characteristics, gender, and age groups, all ownerships, 2015

Characteristic

Total

Incidence

rate

Gender Age

Male Female 16-19 20-24 25-34 35-44 45-54 55-64 65 and

over

Total .............................................................. 104.0 113.5 91.9 110.5 98.3 92.9 102.6 112.8 115.8 89.2

Musculoskeletal disorders3 ............................... 32.2 35.9 27.4 17.6 25.1 28.0 35.5 38.6 35.0 17.5

Nature of injury or illness:

Fractures .......................................................... 8.9 10.2 7.2 6.8 6.6 6.7 7.1 9.5 13.5 16.2

Sprains, strains, tears ....................................... 38.0 41.1 34.1 23.0 29.9 33.8 42.1 43.4 42.5 24.4

Amputations ...................................................... .5 .8 .1 .6 .6 .6 .5 .6 .5 .2

Cuts, lacerations, punctures ............................. 9.6 12.9 5.5 22.4 15.1 10.6 8.1 8.9 7.5 5.0

Cuts, lacerations ........................................... 8.1 11.0 4.3 20.4 13.2 8.7 6.8 7.3 6.1 4.7

Punctures (except gunshot wounds) ............ 1.5 1.9 1.1 1.9 1.9 1.9 1.3 1.5 1.4 .4

Bruises, contusions .......................................... 9.1 8.3 10.0 11.4 9.8 8.4 8.2 9.4 9.8 10.8

Chemical burns and corrosions ........................ .3 .5 .1 .6 .4 .3 .4 .3 .3 .1

Heat (thermal) burns ......................................... 1.6 1.8 1.3 7.4 3.6 2.0 1.5 .8 .8 .4

Multiple traumatic injuries ................................. 2.8 2.8 2.9 1.5 1.6 2.0 2.8 3.4 3.8 4.8

With sprains .................................................. 1.3 1.2 1.5 .4 .7 1.0 1.3 1.7 1.7 1.5

With fractures ............................................... .4 .5 .3 .1 .2 .2 .5 .4 .7 .5

Soreness, pain .................................................. 16.6 16.5 16.8 15.0 12.3 14.7 16.5 18.4 19.7 15.3

Carpal tunnel syndrome ................................... .5 .3 .8 .1 .1 .2 .4 1.0 .7 .3

Tendonitis (other or unspecified) ...................... .2 .2 .3 – .1 .3 .3 .3 .2 .1

All other natures ............................................... 15.8 18.2 12.8 21.6 18.0 13.3 14.7 16.8 16.4 11.5

Event or exposure leading to injury or illness:

Violence and other injuries by persons or

animal ............................................................. 6.8 5.8 8.1 6.0 6.5 8.5 7.6 6.3 5.5 3.4

Intentional injury by other person ................... 3.1 2.3 4.2 1.7 2.9 3.9 3.4 3.2 2.4 1.8

Injury by person unintentional or intent

unknown ....................................................... 2.3 2.2 2.5 1.3 1.9 3.0 2.9 2.1 1.6 .9

Animal and insect related incidents ................ 1.3 1.3 1.3 2.9 1.6 1.6 1.2 1.0 1.4 .6

Transportation incidents ................................... 5.7 6.7 4.4 5.4 4.5 5.0 6.6 5.9 6.3 5.1

Roadway incidents involving motorized land

vehicles ......................................................... 4.0 4.5 3.4 2.3 2.7 3.5 4.8 4.4 4.3 3.9

Fires and explosions ......................................... .2 .3 – .1 .2 .2 .1 .2 .1 .1

Falls, slips, trips ................................................ 27.9 26.2 30.0 17.6 16.6 19.1 24.0 32.2 42.5 47.6

Slips, trips without fall ..................................... 4.1 4.6 3.4 2.7 2.7 3.3 4.3 4.9 4.9 3.8

Fall on same level ........................................... 17.8 13.6 23.3 10.8 10.0 11.1 13.9 20.3 29.5 36.3

Fall to lower level ............................................ 5.5 7.5 2.9 3.3 3.5 4.1 5.3 6.3 7.6 7.3

Exposure to harmful substances or

environments .................................................. 4.7 5.2 4.0 11.4 8.9 4.3 4.7 4.1 3.2 1.2

Contact with object, equipment ........................ 24.3 31.0 15.8 50.5 34.9 25.8 22.2 23.1 20.8 12.5

Struck by object or equipment ........................ 14.2 17.8 9.7 33.4 20.8 15.7 12.7 13.1 11.9 7.4

Struck against object or equipment ................ 5.3 6.5 3.8 9.4 7.6 5.1 5.0 5.6 4.5 3.1

Caught in or compressed by object or

equipment ..................................................... 3.3 4.6 1.7 6.0 4.6 3.4 3.4 2.9 3.2 1.2

Overexertion and bodily reaction ...................... 33.9 37.7 29.1 19.2 26.4 29.4 37.1 40.6 36.9 19.2

Overexertion in lifting or lowering ................... 10.2 12.4 7.5 6.5 9.2 9.3 11.7 12.1 9.6 5.1

Repetitive motion involving microtasks ........... 2.2 1.5 3.1 .7 1.0 1.5 2.1 3.3 2.9 1.2

All other event or exposures ............................. .5 .6 .4 .3 .3 .4 .3 .4 .5 .1

See footnotes at end of table.
TABLE 6. Incidence rates1 for nonfatal occupational injuries and illnesses involving days away from work2 per 10,000

full-time workers by injury or illness characteristics, gender, and age groups, all ownerships, 2015 — Continued

Characteristic

Total

Incidence

rate

Gender Age

Male Female 16-19 20-24 25-34 35-44 45-54 55-64 65 and

over

Part of body affected by the injury or illness:

Head ................................................................. 8.5 9.3 7.5 12.5 11.6 8.7 8.0 7.5 8.0 9.1

Eye(s) ........................................................... 2.3 3.2 1.1 2.8 3.0 2.7 2.4 1.8 1.7 .9

Neck ................................................................. 1.4 1.3 1.6 .4 1.0 1.3 1.8 1.5 1.4 .7

Trunk ................................................................ 23.3 27.0 18.5 13.7 19.9 22.8 25.6 24.4 24.2 17.4

Back .............................................................. 17.3 19.4 14.6 10.5 15.0 18.3 20.0 18.0 15.8 9.2

Upper extremities ............................................. 32.4 36.2 27.5 49.4 32.8 28.4 31.4 34.7 35.7 26.2

Shoulder ....................................................... 8.4 9.6 6.8 4.6 4.3 5.7 8.8 10.2 11.8 9.1

Arm ............................................................... 5.1 5.5 4.6 4.8 4.1 4.0 5.0 6.1 6.1 4.2

Wrist ............................................................. 3.8 3.1 4.6 2.7 3.4 3.3 3.6 4.3 4.5 3.4

Hand ............................................................. 13.0 16.1 9.0 35.2 19.7 13.8 11.8 11.2 10.7 7.4

Lower extremities ............................................. 24.0 26.8 20.5 25.5 23.6 21.1 22.3 26.8 28.0 19.6

Knee ............................................................. 9.1 9.8 8.2 5.9 6.7 6.6 8.4 10.7 13.1 9.2

Ankle ............................................................. 5.4 5.7 4.9 5.6 6.4 5.4 5.2 6.0 4.6 3.5

Foot .............................................................. 4.8 5.5 4.0 8.7 6.6 4.5 4.3 4.9 5.0 2.6

Body systems ................................................... 2.2 2.3 2.1 1.9 2.6 1.9 2.0 2.8 2.0 1.5

Multiple ............................................................. 11.5 10.0 13.3 6.6 6.1 8.3 10.9 14.3 15.9 14.5

All other parts of body ....................................... .7 .7 .7 .6 .6 .5 .6 .8 .7 .3

Source of injury or illness:

Chemicals and chemical products .................... 1.3 1.5 1.0 1.7 1.7 1.1 1.3 1.6 1.1 .5

Containers ........................................................ 10.6 12.5 8.3 14.0 11.2 9.9 11.2 11.6 9.8 5.9

Furniture and fixtures ........................................ 4.4 4.0 5.0 3.7 4.4 3.8 4.0 5.1 5.1 4.9

Machinery ......................................................... 5.4 7.5 2.8 10.8 7.1 5.1 5.2 5.4 5.5 3.0

Parts and materials ........................................... 7.4 11.6 2.0 7.0 7.4 7.1 7.7 8.2 7.2 4.0

Person, injured or ill worker .............................. 16.1 17.5 14.4 9.5 11.4 13.3 16.8 19.5 19.0 11.5

Worker motion or position ............................. 15.1 16.4 13.5 8.8 10.8 12.5 15.9 18.3 17.9 10.3

Person, other than injured or ill worker ............. 10.0 6.1 14.9 6.0 10.8 11.4 11.2 9.9 7.4 4.7

Patient .......................................................... 5.1 2.0 9.0 2.7 6.1 5.5 5.5 5.4 4.1 2.0

Floors, walkways, ground surfaces .................. 18.2 14.6 23.0 11.5 10.3 11.6 14.9 20.9 29.4 35.0

Handtools ......................................................... 4.7 6.8 2.0 13.2 7.3 5.3 4.4 4.1 3.4 1.7

Ladder .............................................................. 2.2 3.2 .8 1.3 1.3 1.8 2.2 2.2 2.9 2.8

Vehicles ............................................................ 10.5 13.1 7.1 10.6 9.6 8.9 11.3 11.2 11.9 8.9

Trucks ........................................................... 2.5 4.2 .4 1.3 1.5 1.6 2.8 3.1 3.3 2.0

Cart, dolly, hand truck nonpowered .............. 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.1 1.5 1.5 1.6 1.2

All other sources ............................................... 13.3 15.2 10.7 21.1 15.6 13.4 12.5 13.0 13.0 6.1

1 The incidence rates represent the number of injuries and illnesses per 10,000 full-time workers and were calculated as (N/EH) x 20,000,000,

where

N = number of injuries and illnesses

EH = total hours worked by all employees during the calendar year

20,000,000 = base for 10,000 equivalent full-time workers

(working 40 hours per week, 50 weeks per year). 2 Days-away-from-work cases include those that resulted in days away from work, some of which also included job transfer or restriction. 3 Musculoskeletal disorders include cases in which the nature of the injury or illness is pinched nerve; herniated disc; meniscus tear; sprains,

strains, tears; hernia (traumatic and nontraumatic); pain, swelling, and numbness; carpal or tarsal tunnel syndrome; Raynaud’s syndrome or

phenomenon; musculoskeletal system and connective tissue diseases and disorders, and when the event or exposure leading to the injury or illness is

overexertion and bodily reaction, unspecified; overexertion involving outside sources; repetitive motion involving microtasks; other and multiple

exertions or bodily reactions; and rubbed, abraded, or jarred by vibration.

Note: Dash indicates data do not meet publication guidelines. Because of rounding and data exclusion of nonclassifiable responses, data may not

sum to the totals.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Survey of Occupational Injuries and Illnesses, in cooperation with participating state agencies.
TABLE 7. Incidence rates1 for nonfatal occupational injuries and illnesses involving days away from work2 per 10,000

full-time workers by selected worker occupation3 and nature of injury or illness, all ownerships, 2015

Occupation3

Total

incidence

rate

Nature of injury or illness4

Sprains,

strains,

tears

Fractures

Cuts,

lacerations,

punctures

Bruises,

contusions

Heat

burns

Chemical

burns

Total ........................................................................................... 104.0 38.0 8.9 9.6 9.1 1.6 0.3

Police and Sheriffs Patrol Officers ..................................................... 497.7 187.5 27.2 28.6 45.4 4.3 –

Correctional Officers and Jailers ....................................................... 420.2 138.8 22.3 28.3 44.8 .7 .6

Firefighters ......................................................................................... 397.5 212.7 8.8 15.7 15.1 8.6 –

Nursing Assistants ............................................................................. 348.5 187.1 10.8 5.9 31.6 .5 –

Heating, Air Conditioning, and Refrigeration Mechanics and

Installers .......................................................................................... 319.5 93.1 32.5 56.8 29.0 5.4 3.1

Light Truck or Delivery Services Drivers ........................................... 314.0 144.8 20.4 14.7 23.0 1.2 –

Emergency Medical Technicians and Paramedics ............................ 313.5 177.7 7.6 5.4 18.1 1.5 –

Heavy and Tractor-Trailer Truck Drivers ........................................... 307.5 132.9 36.1 12.6 26.0 .9 1.1

Laborers and Freight, Stock, and Material Movers, Hand ................. 297.8 119.9 23.5 30.9 29.2 1.3 .9

Food Preparation Workers ................................................................ 290.8 68.7 14.8 94.5 27.1 24.5 .9

Sheet Metal Workers ......................................................................... 289.9 117.0 15.6 86.5 11.2 – –

Nonfarm Animal Caretakers .............................................................. 278.0 103.0 6.4 81.2 5.1 – –

Janitors and Cleaners, Except Maids and Housekeeping Cleaners .. 277.4 113.1 23.3 20.0 26.5 1.6 2.0

Construction Laborers ....................................................................... 265.3 72.2 38.1 46.1 18.7 1.8 1.8

Maintenance and Repair Workers, General ...................................... 262.4 92.9 23.7 31.6 13.9 3.3 2.6

Maids and Housekeeping Cleaners ................................................... 255.6 106.2 14.6 12.1 29.8 .3 1.7

Bus and Truck Mechanics and Diesel Engine Specialists ................. 246.0 93.6 23.8 24.6 21.6 1.2 –

Painters, Construction and Maintenance ........................................... 235.9 82.6 67.9 28.1 17.0 – –

Taxi Drivers and Chauffeurs .............................................................. 213.6 104.2 14.4 5.7 10.1 – –

Automotive Service Technicians and Mechanics .............................. 207.2 66.5 16.2 34.0 8.2 4.0 .9

Food Servers, Nonrestaurant ............................................................ 201.0 63.7 11.6 34.5 21.8 11.6 –

Landscaping and Groundskeeping Workers ..................................... 194.1 72.2 21.1 25.7 7.1 .5 .3

Plumbers, Pipefitters, and Steamfitters ............................................. 193.7 58.2 20.8 26.0 6.1 2.1 3.6

Teacher Assistants ............................................................................ 185.9 54.3 12.7 4.2 29.9 – –

Bus Drivers, School or Special Client ................................................ 185.8 93.5 10.3 2.2 17.7 – –

Cooks, Institution and Cafeteria ........................................................ 184.9 54.5 8.1 26.2 21.1 19.2 .8

Chefs and Head Cooks ..................................................................... 182.7 42.0 5.3 39.5 11.7 28.5 –

Counter Attendants, Cafeteria, Food Concession, and Coffee Shop 182.6 62.2 24.0 19.1 8.3 25.2 –

Carpenters ......................................................................................... 179.6 42.2 26.4 50.8 5.3 – –

Laundry and Dry-Cleaning Workers .................................................. 175.5 63.9 6.7 5.4 18.6 5.8 1.4

Telecommunications Equipment Installers and Repairers, Except

Line Installers .................................................................................. 175.3 93.7 9.1 12.8 10.2 – –

Welders, Cutters, Solderers, and Brazers ......................................... 163.9 41.7 19.5 28.3 7.2 4.1 –

Reservation and Transportation Ticket Agents and Travel Clerks .... 158.0 98.1 6.7 3.3 13.0 – –

First-Line Supervisors of Housekeeping and Janitorial Workers ....... 156.8 47.5 8.7 12.7 9.1 19.5 –

First-Line Supervisors of Helpers, Laborers, and Material Movers,

Hand ................................................................................................ 155.7 65.4 15.4 2.6 14.6 1.5 –

Stock Clerks and Order Fillers ........................................................... 154.4 75.3 8.2 12.0 19.5 .2 –

Dining Room and Cafeteria Attendants and Bartender Helpers ........ 151.4 37.1 9.1 30.3 26.7 7.2 –

Personal Care Aides .......................................................................... 149.4 67.2 9.4 3.4 13.3 1.2 –

Dishwashers ...................................................................................... 145.6 29.5 7.0 53.4 9.2 5.0 1.6

Medical and Clinical Laboratory Technicians .................................... 144.5 61.6 7.0 5.5 10.2 – –

See footnotes at end of table.
TABLE 7. Incidence rates1 for nonfatal occupational injuries and illnesses involving days away from work2 per

10,000 full-time workers by selected worker occupation3 and nature of injury or illness, all ownerships, 2015 —

Continued

Occupation3

Nature of injury or illness4

Amputations

Carpal

tunnel

syndrome

Tendonitis

Multiple

traumatic

injuries

and 

disorders

Soreness, pain

All

other

natures5

Total ........................................................................................... 0.5 0.5 0.2 2.8 16.6 15.8

Police and Sheriffs Patrol Officers ..................................................... – .8 – 25.5 87.0 91.1

Correctional Officers and Jailers ....................................................... – 1.6 – 21.8 94.0 67.0

Firefighters ......................................................................................... – – – 6.1 52.0 78.4

Nursing Assistants ............................................................................. – – .4 6.9 72.9 32.3

Heating, Air Conditioning, and Refrigeration Mechanics and

Installers .......................................................................................... 1.8 1.3 – 5.8 39.6 50.9

Light Truck or Delivery Services Drivers ........................................... .6 – 1.1 9.1 48.7 50.1

Emergency Medical Technicians and Paramedics ............................ – – 1.0 3.7 55.0 43.0

Heavy and Tractor-Trailer Truck Drivers ........................................... 1.8 .4 .3 11.2 46.9 37.1

Laborers and Freight, Stock, and Material Movers, Hand ................. 2.2 .8 .4 6.4 41.5 40.7

Food Preparation Workers ................................................................ 1.9 1.1 .5 3.5 30.9 22.4

Sheet Metal Workers ......................................................................... – – – 9.0 11.0 38.5

Nonfarm Animal Caretakers .............................................................. –––– 29.1 50.2

Janitors and Cleaners, Except Maids and Housekeeping Cleaners .. .3 .7 .4 5.0 42.9 41.6

Construction Laborers ....................................................................... 1.2 .3 .2 5.4 34.7 44.7

Maintenance and Repair Workers, General ...................................... 2.3 .7 .2 5.0 38.8 47.3

Maids and Housekeeping Cleaners ................................................... – 1.0 1.3 6.3 50.1 32.1

Bus and Truck Mechanics and Diesel Engine Specialists ................. – – – 6.3 36.7 37.1

Painters, Construction and Maintenance ........................................... – – – 2.1 19.8 17.3

Taxi Drivers and Chauffeurs .............................................................. – – – 13.9 45.2 19.9

Automotive Service Technicians and Mechanics .............................. 6.4 .6 – 1.3 27.9 41.0

Food Servers, Nonrestaurant ............................................................ – – – 6.9 27.1 23.4

Landscaping and Groundskeeping Workers ..................................... 1.4 .4 – 3.6 24.2 37.5

Plumbers, Pipefitters, and Steamfitters ............................................. 1.8 – .6 2.1 37.7 34.7

Teacher Assistants ............................................................................ – – – 5.6 55.4 23.6

Bus Drivers, School or Special Client ................................................ – – – 6.5 41.8 13.2

Cooks, Institution and Cafeteria ........................................................ – – – 2.6 41.2 10.4

Chefs and Head Cooks ..................................................................... – – – 23.6 12.0 11.5

Counter Attendants, Cafeteria, Food Concession, and Coffee Shop – – – 2.6 17.5 22.9

Carpenters ......................................................................................... .6 .4 – 3.0 33.8 16.9

Laundry and Dry-Cleaning Workers .................................................. – 1.2 – 7.1 41.7 23.5

Telecommunications Equipment Installers and Repairers, Except

Line Installers .................................................................................. – – – 4.7 23.1 21.6

Welders, Cutters, Solderers, and Brazers ......................................... 1.0 .5 .6 1.7 20.0 39.3

Reservation and Transportation Ticket Agents and Travel Clerks .... – – – 3.4 11.9 21.4

First-Line Supervisors of Housekeeping and Janitorial Workers ....... – – – 3.1 40.9 14.5

First-Line Supervisors of Helpers, Laborers, and Material Movers,

Hand ................................................................................................ 2.3 – – 4.7 24.8 24.2

Stock Clerks and Order Fillers ........................................................... .4 .5 .3 2.6 18.7 16.5

Dining Room and Cafeteria Attendants and Bartender Helpers ........ – – – 3.5 18.4 18.3

Personal Care Aides .......................................................................... – – – 4.1 32.8 17.8

Dishwashers ...................................................................................... – – – 3.7 10.8 24.8

Medical and Clinical Laboratory Technicians .................................... – 1.4 2.7 3.5 22.1 30.1

1 The incidence rates represent the number of injuries and illnesses per 10,000 full-time workers and were calculated as (N/EH) x

20,000,000, where

N = number of injuries and illnesses

EH = total hours worked by all employees during the calendar year

20,000,000 = base for 10,000 equivalent full-time workers

(working 40 hours per week, 50 weeks per year). 2 Days-away-from-work cases include those that resulted in days away from work, some of which also included job transfer or

restriction. 3 These occupations have at least 0.1% of full-time equivalent employment. 4 Data shown in columns correspond to Nature codes based on the Occupational Injury and Illness Classification System 2.01

developed by the Bureau of Labor Statistics. 5 Includes nonclassifiable responses.

Note: Dash indicates data do not meet publication guidelines. Because of rounding and data exclusion of nonclassifiable responses,

data may not sum to the totals.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Survey of Occupational Injuries and Illnesses, in cooperation with participating state

agencies.
TABLE 8. Incidence rates1 for nonfatal occupational injuries and illnesses involving days away from work2 per 10,000 full-time workers by

selected worker occupation3 and events or exposures, all ownerships, 2015

Occupation3

Total

incidence

rate

Event or exposure leading to injury or illness4

Contact

with

objects

Falls,

Slips,

Trips

Overexertion and bodily

reaction Exposure

to

harmful

substances or

environments

Transportation

incidents

Total

Overexertion

in lifting

lowering

Repetitive

motion

Total Roadway

incidents

Total ........................................................................................... 104.0 24.3 27.9 33.9 10.2 2.2 4.7 5.7 4.0

Police and Sheriffs Patrol Officers ..................................................... 497.7 42.4 108.8 98.8 10.5 2.0 23.8 78.4 66.1

Correctional Officers and Jailers ....................................................... 420.2 50.5 100.4 93.9 13.1 2.5 18.1 6.6 3.1

Firefighters ......................................................................................... 397.5 53.4 102.8 189.3 44.6 – 28.8 6.1 4.4

Nursing Assistants ............................................................................. 348.5 31.0 64.7 186.3 42.5 1.7 5.6 2.8 2.6

Heating, Air Conditioning, and Refrigeration Mechanics and

Installers .......................................................................................... 319.5 111.8 88.7 87.7 21.3 3.3 18.1 8.2 7.5

Light Truck or Delivery Services Drivers ........................................... 314.0 42.3 82.8 144.4 47.7 2.0 4.2 36.7 30.3

Emergency Medical Technicians and Paramedics ............................ 313.5 33.9 40.3 193.7 95.0 1.9 8.2 21.2 18.8

Heavy and Tractor-Trailer Truck Drivers ........................................... 307.5 52.1 101.1 97.0 21.4 1.8 4.3 48.0 40.7

Laborers and Freight, Stock, and Material Movers, Hand ................. 297.8 102.9 55.8 115.3 49.5 5.0 5.2 14.6 2.5

Food Preparation Workers ................................................................ 290.8 133.1 71.0 54.5 26.7 5.5 29.3 1.0 –

Sheet Metal Workers ......................................................................... 289.9 124.5 27.5 107.6 28.6 – 2.5 – –

Nonfarm Animal Caretakers .............................................................. 278.0 22.7 27.5 116.5 19.2 2.3 6.5 – –

Janitors and Cleaners, Except Maids and Housekeeping Cleaners .. 277.4 62.0 79.8 106.9 36.8 3.3 19.0 4.8 2.8

Construction Laborers ....................................................................... 265.3 102.8 59.3 70.4 20.6 2.0 14.0 16.0 6.8

Maintenance and Repair Workers, General ...................................... 262.4 75.1 69.6 92.7 28.2 2.8 14.8 7.3 4.6

Maids and Housekeeping Cleaners ................................................... 255.6 49.1 83.3 103.0 27.8 5.3 12.0 3.8 3.4

Bus and Truck Mechanics and Diesel Engine Specialists ................. 246.0 83.9 42.9 95.1 25.3 2.0 7.9 11.4 5.2

Painters, Construction and Maintenance ........................................... 235.9 65.3 116.8 49.0 13.6 4.2 2.4 – –

Taxi Drivers and Chauffeurs .............................................................. 213.6 10.7 54.9 71.8 44.3 – 1.2 66.3 62.6

Automotive Service Technicians and Mechanics .............................. 207.2 90.4 20.0 79.4 29.7 2.7 5.9 8.8 3.8

Food Servers, Nonrestaurant ............................................................ 201.0 66.3 66.0 50.3 18.9 1.1 14.5 – –

Landscaping and Groundskeeping Workers ..................................... 194.1 63.1 44.6 54.9 19.4 1.5 9.4 13.1 6.5

Plumbers, Pipefitters, and Steamfitters ............................................. 193.7 56.1 44.4 72.1 15.3 2.7 12.1 5.1 4.6

Teacher Assistants ............................................................................ 185.9 23.9 64.9 35.3 9.6 – .5 2.8 2.5

Bus Drivers, School or Special Client ................................................ 185.8 14.2 60.4 43.9 5.7 1.3 1.8 58.5 50.2

Cooks, Institution and Cafeteria ........................................................ 184.9 49.8 55.8 53.2 21.7 2.0 22.0 .9 –

Chefs and Head Cooks ..................................................................... 182.7 60.5 43.8 44.6 15.0 – 28.4 1.4 –

Counter Attendants, Cafeteria, Food Concession, and Coffee Shop 182.6 35.3 66.2 51.5 17.4 6.6 27.2 1.4 –

Carpenters ......................................................................................... 179.6 80.2 49.7 41.3 14.5 2.0 3.2 2.3 1.2

Laundry and Dry-Cleaning Workers .................................................. 175.5 37.5 43.4 75.7 16.8 4.7 17.0 – –

Telecommunications Equipment Installers and Repairers, Except

Line Installers .................................................................................. 175.3 26.2 45.9 75.2 8.7 1.8 6.9 13.4 12.1

Welders, Cutters, Solderers, and Brazers ......................................... 163.9 77.1 35.6 36.2 13.6 2.3 11.8 1.4 –

Reservation and Transportation Ticket Agents and Travel Clerks .... 158.0 26.8 42.5 81.3 41.6 2.3 1.8 – –

First-Line Supervisors of Housekeeping and Janitorial Workers ....... 156.8 33.0 38.3 50.0 18.0 2.0 3.2 21.8 2.1

First-Line Supervisors of Helpers, Laborers, and Material Movers,

Hand ................................................................................................ 155.7 43.6 37.5 63.5 19.7 – 2.8 8.1 1.1

Stock Clerks and Order Fillers ........................................................... 154.4 44.7 25.9 75.1 38.2 5.1 2.3 4.4 .6

Dining Room and Cafeteria Attendants and Bartender Helpers ........ 151.4 65.5 34.8 37.9 16.1 1.5 11.2 – –

Personal Care Aides .......................................................................... 149.4 11.8 36.0 56.1 18.5 .7 3.0 9.2 7.7

Dishwashers ...................................................................................... 145.6 79.9 25.0 24.5 10.0 1.9 14.2 1.6 –

Medical and Clinical Laboratory Technicians .................................... 144.5 19.4 42.8 62.3 8.9 17.1 12.7 2.8 2.6

See footnotes at end of table.
TABLE 8. Incidence rates1 for nonfatal occupational injuries and illnesses involving days away from work2 per

10,000 full-time workers by selected worker occupation3 and events or exposures, all ownerships, 2015 —

Continued

Occupation3

Event or exposure leading to injury or illness4

Fires

and

explosions

Violence and other injuries by persons or

animal

All

other

events5

Total

Intentional

injury by

other

person

Injury by

person--

unintentional or

intent

unknown

Animal

and

insect

related

Total ........................................................................................... 0.2 6.8 3.1 2.3 1.3 0.5

Police and Sheriffs Patrol Officers ..................................................... .8 140.4 51.2 76.1 12.8 4.4

Correctional Officers and Jailers ....................................................... – 147.5 72.3 71.0 1.2 3.3

Firefighters ......................................................................................... 10.0 4.6 – 2.3 2.2 2.6

Nursing Assistants ............................................................................. – 56.3 34.5 17.0 4.6 1.8

Heating, Air Conditioning, and Refrigeration Mechanics and

Installers .......................................................................................... – 1.2 – – 1.1 3.5

Light Truck or Delivery Services Drivers ........................................... – 2.7 .4 – 2.2 .9

Emergency Medical Technicians and Paramedics ............................ – 15.5 6.3 8.8 – –

Heavy and Tractor-Trailer Truck Drivers ........................................... .7 2.3 .3 .1 1.8 2.0

Laborers and Freight, Stock, and Material Movers, Hand ................. .5 1.9 .3 .3 1.2 1.6

Food Preparation Workers ................................................................ – .5 – .3 – 1.2

Sheet Metal Workers ......................................................................... ––––––

Nonfarm Animal Caretakers .............................................................. – 102.8 – – 102.5 –

Janitors and Cleaners, Except Maids and Housekeeping Cleaners .. .2 2.9 .6 .2 2.1 1.8

Construction Laborers ....................................................................... .4 1.6 – – 1.4 .8

Maintenance and Repair Workers, General ...................................... – 1.6 .3 – 1.2 1.1

Maids and Housekeeping Cleaners ................................................... – 3.4 .7 .3 2.4 1.0

Bus and Truck Mechanics and Diesel Engine Specialists ................. .8 3.6 – – 2.7 –

Painters, Construction and Maintenance ........................................... – 1.5 ––––

Taxi Drivers and Chauffeurs .............................................................. – 8.8 2.9 – 5.2 –

Automotive Service Technicians and Mechanics .............................. 1.5 .5 – – .4 .7

Food Servers, Nonrestaurant ............................................................ – 1.5 .9 – – –

Landscaping and Groundskeeping Workers ..................................... – 8.2 .3 – 7.8 .9

Plumbers, Pipefitters, and Steamfitters ............................................. – 1.1 – – 1.1 2.8

Teacher Assistants ............................................................................ – 56.6 34.0 21.6 .2 1.9

Bus Drivers, School or Special Client ................................................ – 6.8 4.2 1.6 1.1 –

Cooks, Institution and Cafeteria ........................................................ – 1.7 1.5 – – 1.3

Chefs and Head Cooks ..................................................................... 3.5 –––––

Counter Attendants, Cafeteria, Food Concession, and Coffee Shop – 1.0 – 1.0 – –

Carpenters ......................................................................................... – .6 – – .6 1.9

Laundry and Dry-Cleaning Workers .................................................. – 1.6 – – 1.6 –

Telecommunications Equipment Installers and Repairers, Except

Line Installers .................................................................................. – 7.6 – – 7.3 –

Welders, Cutters, Solderers, and Brazers ......................................... 1.2 – – – – .5

Reservation and Transportation Ticket Agents and Travel Clerks .... – 3.9 – 1.5 1.7 –

First-Line Supervisors of Housekeeping and Janitorial Workers ....... – 10.3 – – 9.4 –

First-Line Supervisors of Helpers, Laborers, and Material Movers,

Hand ................................................................................................ ––––––

Stock Clerks and Order Fillers ........................................................... – 1.6 .8 .2 .6 .4

Dining Room and Cafeteria Attendants and Bartender Helpers ........ – 1.2 .8 – – –

Personal Care Aides .......................................................................... – 32.9 21.2 9.8 1.6 .5

Dishwashers ...................................................................................... ––––––

Medical and Clinical Laboratory Technicians .................................... – 3.2 1.8 – – –

1 The incidence rates represent the number of injuries and illnesses per 10,000 full-time workers and were calculated as (N/EH) x

20,000,000, where

N = number of injuries and illnesses

EH = total hours worked by all employees during the calendar year

20,000,000 = base for 10,000 equivalent full-time workers

(working 40 hours per week, 50 weeks per year). 2 Days-away-from-work cases include those that resulted in days away from work, some of which also included job transfer or

restriction. 3 These occupations have at least 0.1% of full-time equivalent employment. 4 Data shown in columns correspond to Event codes based on the Occupational Injury and Illness Classification System 2.01

developed by the Bureau of Labor Statistics. 5 Includes nonclassifiable responses.

Note: Dash indicates data do not meet publication guidelines. Because of rounding and data exclusion of nonclassifiable responses,

data may not sum to the totals.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Survey of Occupational Injuries and Illnesses, in cooperation with participating state

agencies.
TABLE 9. Number, incidence rate1, and median days2 away from work for nonfatal occupational injuries and

illnesses involving days away from work3 and musculoskeletal disorders4 by selected worker occupation5 and

ownership, 2015

Occupation

Musculoskeletal disorders

(MSDs)

Total private,

state, and local government6,7,8

Private

industry6,7,8

Number Incidence

rate

Median

days

away

from

work

Number Incidence

rate

Median

days

away

from

work

Total ........................................................................................... 356,910 32.2 12 286,350 29.8 12

Laborers and freight, stock, and material movers, hand ................... 21,990 111.0 11 20,990 107.4 11

Nursing assistants ............................................................................. 19,360 180.5 6 16,860 171.0 6

Janitors and cleaners, except maids and housekeeping cleaners .... 15,810 102.6 10 6,730 57.3 12

Heavy and tractor-trailer truck drivers ............................................... 15,320 95.6 30 14,900 94.0 30

Light truck or delivery services drivers .............................................. 10,730 135.9 14 10,040 128.3 17

Registered nurses ............................................................................. 10,290 48.1 9 8,530 46.8 9

Maintenance and repair workers, general ......................................... 10,290 90.0 15 7,210 75.9 13

Stock clerks and order fillers ............................................................. 10,150 73.2 11 10,010 73.2 11

Retail salespersons ........................................................................... 8,920 27.1 13 8,660 26.2 12

Production workers, all other ............................................................. 7,860 – 12 7,830 – 11

Maids and housekeeping cleaners .................................................... 6,680 98.0 10 6,230 94.4 10

Firefighters ......................................................................................... 5,630 168.5 10 30 24.0 15

First-line supervisors of retail sales workers ...................................... 5,550 50.0 10 5,510 49.7 10

Personal care aides ........................................................................... 5,290 54.0 9 4,830 49.8 9

Police and sheriffs patrol officers ....................................................... 5,270 88.4 12 20 42.2 19

Construction laborers ........................................................................ 5,150 68.4 15 4,540 62.7 13

Assemblers and fabricators, all other ................................................ 4,500 – 13 4,490 – 13

Automotive service technicians and mechanics ................................ 4,430 77.0 17 4,290 77.3 17

Emergency medical technicians and paramedics ............................. 3,980 187.4 9 2,600 181.6 8

Landscaping and groundskeeping workers ....................................... 3,820 52.3 8 2,380 37.0 10

Cargo and freight agents ................................................................... 3,730 – 21 3,720 539.4 21

Correctional officers and jailers ......................................................... 3,160 82.5 16 140 80.3 7

Driversales workers ........................................................................... 3,110 – 19 3,110 77.4 19

Home health aides ............................................................................. 2,980 47.7 11 2,940 47.9 11

Cashiers ............................................................................................ 2,980 13.9 10 2,900 13.7 10

Bus drivers, transit and intercity ........................................................ 2,860 – 20 670 113.8 12

Teacher assistants ............................................................................ 2,830 33.7 6 600 32.9 2

Food preparation workers .................................................................. 2,830 51.9 10 2,440 47.3 8

Licensed practical and licensed vocational nurses ............................ 2,570 47.4 10 2,140 43.8 8

Plumbers, pipefitters, and steamfitters .............................................. 2,490 70.3 80 2,340 69.3 84

Installation, maintenance, and repair workers, all other .................... 2,470 – 25 2,160 – 25

Customer service representatives ..................................................... 2,450 12.0 15 2,420 12.2 15

Shipping, receiving, and traffic clerks ................................................ 2,200 38.5 4 2,200 38.6 4

Telecommunications line installers and repairers .............................. 2,190 224.6 52 2,170 224.3 52

Bus and truck mechanics and diesel engine specialists .................... 2,160 90.7 30 1,390 67.9 30

See footnotes at end of table.
TABLE 9. Number, incidence rate1, and median days2 away from work for nonfatal occupational injuries and

illnesses involving days away from work3 and musculoskeletal disorders4 by selected worker occupation5 and

ownership, 2015 — Continued

Occupation

Musculoskeletal disorders

(MSDs)

State

government7,8

Local

government7,8

Number Incidence

rate

Median

days

away

from

work

Number Incidence

rate

Median

days

away

from

work

Total ........................................................................................... 16,380 41.0 15 54,190 50.2 10

Laborers and freight, stock, and material movers, hand ................... 70 85.4 19 930 403.1 24

Nursing assistants ............................................................................. 880 291.4 8 1,620 283.0 6

Janitors and cleaners, except maids and housekeeping cleaners .... 1,090 183.8 21 7,990 260.8 10

Heavy and tractor-trailer truck drivers ............................................... 20 – 21 400 199.9 33

Light truck or delivery services drivers .............................................. 30 – 45 660 938.6 10

Registered nurses ............................................................................. 860 73.3 14 890 43.9 7

Maintenance and repair workers, general ......................................... 630 145.1 14 2,460 165.1 19

Stock clerks and order fillers ............................................................. 80 75.1 8 60 47.9 41

Retail salespersons ........................................................................... 250 – 60 – – –

Production workers, all other ............................................................. – – – 20 – 18

Maids and housekeeping cleaners .................................................... 120 245.0 20 340 173.7 9

Firefighters ......................................................................................... 40 33.1 47 5,560 189.4 10

First-line supervisors of retail sales workers ...................................... ––––––

Personal care aides ........................................................................... 360 270.6 9 100 104.7 9

Police and sheriffs patrol officers ....................................................... 910 129.4 16 4,340 86.2 11

Construction laborers ........................................................................ 90 – 25 520 192.0 16

Assemblers and fabricators, all other ................................................ ––––––

Automotive service technicians and mechanics ................................ 60 95.8 34 80 55.3 6

Emergency medical technicians and paramedics ............................. – – – 1,390 214.9 9

Landscaping and groundskeeping workers ....................................... 280 215.3 7 1,160 156.0 8

Cargo and freight agents ................................................................... ––––––

Correctional officers and jailers ......................................................... 2,500 105.9 19 520 36.9 8

Driversales workers ........................................................................... ––––––

Home health aides ............................................................................. – – – 30 62.4 86

Cashiers ............................................................................................ 40 55.0 6 50 21.8 5

Bus drivers, transit and intercity ........................................................ 240 – 22 1,950 372.3 21

Teacher assistants ............................................................................ – – – 2,220 36.5 8

Food preparation workers .................................................................. 120 321.9 14 270 107.4 10

Licensed practical and licensed vocational nurses ............................ 270 126.5 16 150 48.5 18

Plumbers, pipefitters, and steamfitters .............................................. 30 71.4 31 120 91.7 3

Installation, maintenance, and repair workers, all other .................... 30 – 15 280 – 32

Customer service representatives ..................................................... 20 7.7 30 – – –

Shipping, receiving, and traffic clerks ................................................ ––––––

Telecommunications line installers and repairers .............................. – – – 20 – 51

Bus and truck mechanics and diesel engine specialists .................... 140 352.6 44 630 213.7 19

1 The incidence rates represent the number of injuries and illnesses per 10,000 full-time workers and were calculated as (N/EH) x

20,000,000, where

N = number of injuries and illnesses

EH = total hours worked by all employees during the calendar year

20,000,000 = base for 10,000 equivalent full-time workers

(working 40 hours per week, 50 weeks per year). 2 Median days away from work is the measure used to summarize the varying lengths of absences from work among the cases with

days away from work. Half the cases involved more days and half involved fewer days than a specified median. Median days away from

work are represented in actual values. 3 Days-away-from-work cases include those that resulted in days away from work, some of which also included job transfer or

restriction. 4 Musculoskeletal disorders include cases in which the nature of the injury or illness is pinched nerve; herniated disc; meniscus tear;

sprains, strains, tears; hernia (traumatic and nontraumatic); pain, swelling, and numbness; carpal or tarsal tunnel syndrome; Raynaud’s

syndrome or phenomenon; musculoskeletal system and connective tissue diseases and disorders, and when the event or exposure

leading to the injury or illness is overexertion and bodily reaction, unspecified; overexertion involving outside sources; repetitive motion

involving microtasks; other and multiple exertions or bodily reactions; and rubbed, abraded, or jarred by vibration. 5 Selected occupations ranked in descending musculoskeletal disorder count for private, State, and local government. 6 Excludes farms with fewer than 11 employees. 7 Data for Mining (Sector 21 in the North American Industry Classification System United States, 2012) include establishments not

governed by the Mine Safety and Health Administration rules and reporting, such as those in Oil and Gas Extraction and related support

activities. Data for mining operators in coal, metal, and nonmetal mining are provided to BLS by the Mine Safety and Health

Administration, U.S. Department of Labor. Independent mining contractors are excluded from the coal, metal, and nonmetal mining

industries. These data do not reflect the changes the Occupational Safety and Health Administration made to its recordkeeping

requirements effective January 1, 2002; therefore, estimates for these industries are not comparable to estimates in other industries. 8 Data for employers in rail transportation are provided to BLS by the Federal Railroad Administration, U.S. Department of

Transportation. 

Note: Dash indicates data do not meet publication guidelines. Because of rounding and data exclusion of nonclassifiable responses,

data may not sum to the totals.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Survey of Occupational Injuries and Illnesses, in cooperation with participating state

agencies.