For release 10:00 a.m. (ET) Friday, November 19, 2021 USDL-21-2021

Technical information: (202) 691-5870 • JoltsInfo@bls.gov • www.bls.gov/jlt 

Media contact: (202) 691-5902 • PressOffice@bls.gov 

STATE JOB OPENINGS AND LABOR TURNOVER – SEPTEMBER 2021 

Job openings rates decreased in 12 states, increased in 8 states, and were little changed in 30 states and 

the District of Columbia on the last business day of September, the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics 

reported today. The hires rates increased in 6 states, decreased in 4 states, and was little changed in 40 

states and the District of Columbia. Total separations rates increased in 14 states, decreased in 4 states, 

and were little changed in 32 states and the District of Columbia. Nationally, the job openings, hires, and 

total separations rates were little changed in September. (See table A-E.) 

This release includes estimates of the number and rate of job openings, hires, total separations, quits, and 

layoffs and discharges for the total nonfarm sector and for all states and the District of Columbia. 

Job Openings 

In September, job openings rates decreased in 12 states and increased in 8 states. The largest decreases 

in job openings rates occurred in Kentucky and Wyoming (-1.3 percentage points each), and Nevada 

(-1.1 points). The largest increases in job openings rates occurred in South Dakota (+1.0 percentage 

point), and Ohio, Oklahoma, and West Virginia (+0.8 point each). The national job openings rate was 

little changed. (See table A.) 

The number of job openings decreased in 11 states and increased in 8 states on the last business day of 

September. The largest decreases occurred in Texas (-80,000), Florida (-76,000), and Arizona (-35,000). 

The largest increases in the job openings level occurred in Ohio (+46,000), Massachusetts (+29,000), 

and Virginia (+25,000). Nationally, the number of job openings was little changed. (See table A.) 

Hires 

In September, hires rates increased in 6 states and decreased in 4 states. The largest increases in hires 

rates occurred in Maine (+0.7 percentage point), and Illinois, Iowa, Ohio, and Wisconsin (+0.6 point 

each). The largest decreases in hires rates were in Nevada (-1.1 percentage points), and Michigan and 

North Dakota (-1.0 point each). The national hires rate was little changed. (See table B.) 

The number of hires increased in 4 states and decreased in 3 states in September. The largest increases 

occurred in Illinois (+32,000), Ohio (+31,000), and Wisconsin (+16,000). The decreases in hires levels 

occurred in Michigan (-39,000), Nevada (-15,000), and North Dakota (-4,000). Nationally, the number 

of hires was little changed. (See table B.) 
- 2 - 

Total Separations 

In September, total separations rates increased in 14 states and decreased in 4 states. The largest 

increases occurred in Hawaii (+5.2 percentage points), Louisiana (+1.2 points), and Montana 

(+1.0 point). The decreases in the total separations rates occurred in Iowa and South Dakota (-0.9 

percentage point each), as well as New Jersey (-0.6 point). The national total separations rate was little 

changed over the month. (See table C.) 

The number of total separations increased in 12 states and decreased in 5 states in September. The 

largest increases occurred in Texas (+80,000), Hawaii (+30,000), and Louisiana (+22,000). The largest 

decreases occurred in Michigan and New Jersey (-21,000 each), and Iowa (-13,000). Nationally, the 

number of total separations was little changed. (See table C.) 

 

Quits 

In September, quits rates increased in 15 states and decreased in 10 states. The largest increases in quits 

rates occurred in Hawaii (+3.8 percentage points), Montana (+1.5 points), as well as Nevada and New 

Hampshire (+1.1 points each). The largest decreases in quits rates occurred in Kentucky (-1.1 percentage 

points), Iowa (-1.0 point), and South Dakota (-0.7 point). Over the month, the national quits rate 

increased (+0.1 percentage point). (See table D.) 

The number of quits increased in 13 states and decreased in 8 states in September. The largest increases 

in the quits level occurred in Texas (+69,000), California (+40,000), and Colorado (+25,000). The 

largest decreases in quits levels occurred in Georgia (-27,000), Kentucky (-21,000), and New Jersey 

(-19,000). Nationally, the number of quits increased (+164,000). (See table D.) 

 

Layoffs and Discharges 

In September, layoffs and discharges rates increased in 6 states and decreased in 5 states. The largest 

increases in layoffs and discharges rates occurred in Hawaii (+1.0 percentage point), and Alabama and 

Maryland (+0.7 point each). The largest decreases in layoffs and discharges rates occurred in Colorado 

(-1.5 percentage points), Wyoming (-0.7 point), and Oregon (-0.6 point). The national layoffs and 

discharges rate was unchanged. (See table E.) 

The number of layoffs and discharges increased in 7 states and decreased in 4 states in September. The 

largest increases in layoffs and discharges were in Georgia, Maryland, and Ohio (+17,000 each). The 

largest layoffs and discharges level decreases were in Colorado (-42,000), Oregon (-10,000), and New 

Mexico (-4,000). Nationally, the number of layoffs and discharges was little changed over the month. 

(See table E.) 

For more information, please see the JOLTS interactive charts at /www.bls.gov/charts/state-jobopenings-and-labor-turnover/state-job-openings-rates.htm#. 

 

The Job Openings and Labor Turnover Survey State estimates for October 2021 are scheduled to 

be released on Friday, December 17, 2021 at 10:00 a.m. (ET). 

 
- 3 - 

   

State August

2021

September

2021p

Over-themonth 

changep

August

2021

September

2021p

Over-themonth 

changep

TOTAL U.S.................................................................................... 10,629 10,438 -191 6.7 6.6 -0.1

Arizona.......................................................................................... 242 207 -35 7.5 6.5 -1.0

Colorado........................................................................................ 210 185 -25 7.1 6.3 -0.8

Florida........................................................................................... 685 609 -76 7.2 6.4 -0.8

Idaho............................................................................................. 59 52 -7 7.0 6.2 -0.8

Iowa.............................................................................................. 98 111 13 6.0 6.7 0.7

Kentucky....................................................................................... 170 142 -28 8.3 7.0 -1.3

Maine............................................................................................ 47 52 5 7.1 7.8 0.7

Massachusetts.............................................................................. 280 309 29 7.4 8.1 0.7

Michigan........................................................................................ 364 345 -19* 8.0 7.6 -0.4

Nevada.......................................................................................... 119 102 -17 8.1 7.0 -1.1

North Carolina............................................................................... 360 341 -19 7.4 7.0 -0.4

Ohio............................................................................................... 343 389 46 6.0 6.8 0.8

Oklahoma...................................................................................... 101 117 16 5.8 6.6 0.8

Oregon.......................................................................................... 152 141 -11 7.5 7.0 -0.5

South Dakota................................................................................. 27 32 5 5.8 6.8 1.0

Texas............................................................................................. 887 807 -80 6.5 5.9 -0.6

Utah............................................................................................... 120 111 -9 6.9 6.4 -0.5

Virginia.......................................................................................... 303 328 25 7.2 7.7 0.5

West Virginia................................................................................. 54 60 6 7.2 8.0 0.8

Wyoming....................................................................................... 23 19 -4 7.8 6.5 -1.3

Table A. States with significant changes in job openings from August 2021 to September 2021, seasonally 

adjusted

Level (in thousands) Rate

p Preliminary

* Not significant
- 4 - 

   

State August

2021

September

2021p

Over-themonth 

changep

August

2021

September

2021p

Over-themonth 

changep

TOTAL U.S.................................................................................... 6,497 6,459 -38 4.4 4.4 0.0

Illinois............................................................................................ 235 267 32 4.0 4.6 0.6

Iowa.............................................................................................. 57 66 9 3.7 4.3 0.6

Maine............................................................................................ 26 30 4* 4.2 4.9 0.7

Michigan........................................................................................ 220 181 -39 5.3 4.3 -1.0

Nevada.......................................................................................... 98 83 -15 7.3 6.2 -1.1

North Dakota................................................................................. 24 20 -4 5.8 4.8 -1.0

Ohio............................................................................................... 208 239 31 3.9 4.5 0.6

Pennsylvania................................................................................. 189 210 21* 3.3 3.7 0.4

Wisconsin...................................................................................... 107 123 16 3.7 4.3 0.6

Wyoming....................................................................................... 16 14 -2* 5.9 5.1 -0.8

Table B. States with significant changes in hires from August 2021 to September 2021, seasonally adjusted

Level (in thousands) Rate

p Preliminary

* Not significant
- 5 - 

   

State August

2021

September

2021p

Over-themonth 

changep

August

2021

September

2021p

Over-themonth 

changep

TOTAL U.S.................................................................................... 6,032 6,218 186 4.1 4.2 0.1

Alabama........................................................................................ 90 105 15 4.4 5.1 0.7

Arkansas....................................................................................... 55 66 11 4.3 5.2 0.9

Connecticut................................................................................... 50 59 9* 3.1 3.7 0.6

Hawaii........................................................................................... 28 58 30 4.9 10.1 5.2

Iowa.............................................................................................. 73 60 -13 4.8 3.9 -0.9

Kansas.......................................................................................... 60 51 -9 4.3 3.7 -0.6*

Louisiana....................................................................................... 75 97 22 4.1 5.3 1.2

Maryland....................................................................................... 92 111 19 3.4 4.2 0.8

Massachusetts.............................................................................. 139 158 19 4.0 4.5 0.5

Michigan........................................................................................ 201 180 -21 4.8 4.3 -0.5

Montana........................................................................................ 25 30 5 5.2 6.2 1.0

Nevada.......................................................................................... 72 85 13 5.4 6.3 0.9

New Hampshire............................................................................. 28 33 5 4.2 5.0 0.8

New Jersey................................................................................... 150 129 -21 3.8 3.2 -0.6

Ohio............................................................................................... 216 235 19* 4.0 4.4 0.4

Oregon.......................................................................................... 84 96 12 4.5 5.1 0.6*

South Carolina............................................................................... 88 100 12* 4.1 4.7 0.6

South Dakota................................................................................. 21 17 -4 4.8 3.9 -0.9

Texas............................................................................................. 480 560 80 3.8 4.4 0.6

Utah............................................................................................... 64 78 14 4.0 4.8 0.8

Table C. States with significant changes in total separations from August 2021 to September 2021, 

seasonally adjusted

Level (in thousands) Rate

p Preliminary

* Not significant
- 6 - 

   

State August

2021

September

2021p

Over-themonth 

changep

August

2021

September

2021p

Over-themonth 

changep

TOTAL U.S.................................................................................... 4,270 4,434 164 2.9 3.0 0.1

Arizona.......................................................................................... 87 100 13 2.9 3.4 0.5

California....................................................................................... 403 443 40 2.4 2.7 0.3

Colorado........................................................................................ 94 119 25 3.4 4.3 0.9

Georgia......................................................................................... 195 168 -27 4.3 3.7 -0.6

Hawaii........................................................................................... 19 41 22 3.3 7.1 3.8

Indiana.......................................................................................... 113 103 -10* 3.7 3.4 -0.3

Iowa.............................................................................................. 53 39 -14 3.5 2.5 -1.0

Kansas.......................................................................................... 43 37 -6 3.1 2.7 -0.4*

Kentucky....................................................................................... 83 62 -21 4.4 3.3 -1.1

Louisiana....................................................................................... 55 69 14 3.0 3.8 0.8

Massachusetts.............................................................................. 89 99 10 2.5 2.8 0.3*

Michigan........................................................................................ 137 120 -17 3.3 2.9 -0.4

Minnesota...................................................................................... 74 64 -10 2.6 2.2 -0.4

Montana........................................................................................ 16 23 7 3.3 4.8 1.5

Nebraska....................................................................................... 33 29 -4* 3.2 2.8 -0.4

Nevada.......................................................................................... 46 61 15 3.4 4.5 1.1

New Hampshire............................................................................. 18 25 7 2.7 3.8 1.1

New Jersey................................................................................... 106 87 -19 2.7 2.2 -0.5

New York....................................................................................... 197 183 -14* 2.2 2.0 -0.2

Oregon.......................................................................................... 55 74 19 2.9 3.9 1.0

Rhode Island................................................................................. 12 15 3 2.5 3.1 0.6

South Carolina............................................................................... 61 68 7* 2.8 3.2 0.4

South Dakota................................................................................. 15 12 -3 3.4 2.7 -0.7

Texas............................................................................................. 370 439 69 2.9 3.4 0.5

Utah............................................................................................... 42 58 16 2.6 3.6 1.0

Virginia.......................................................................................... 111 123 12* 2.8 3.1 0.3

West Virginia................................................................................. 23 26 3* 3.3 3.8 0.5

Table D. States with significant changes in quits from August 2021 to September 2021, seasonally adjusted

Level (in thousands) Rate

p Preliminary

* Not significant
- 7 - 

State August

2021

September

2021p

Over-themonth 

changep

August

2021

September

2021p

Over-themonth 

changep

TOTAL U.S.................................................................................... 1,385 1,375 -10 0.9 0.9 0.0

Alabama........................................................................................ 17 30 13 0.8 1.5 0.7

Arkansas....................................................................................... 12 17 5 0.9 1.3 0.4

Colorado........................................................................................ 72 30 -42 2.6 1.1 -1.5

Georgia......................................................................................... 42 59 17 0.9 1.3 0.4

Hawaii........................................................................................... 8 14 6 1.4 2.4 1.0

Maryland....................................................................................... 20 37 17 0.7 1.4 0.7

Massachusetts.............................................................................. 41 53 12 1.2 1.5 0.3

Montana........................................................................................ 7 5 -2* 1.5 1.0 -0.5

New Mexico.................................................................................. 13 9 -4 1.6 1.1 -0.5

Ohio............................................................................................... 47 64 17 0.9 1.2 0.3*

Oregon.......................................................................................... 24 14 -10 1.3 0.7 -0.6

Wyoming....................................................................................... 6 4 -2 2.2 1.5 -0.7

Table E. States with significant changes in layoffs and discharges from August 2021 to September 2021, 

seasonally adjusted

Level (in thousands) Rate

p Preliminary

* Not significant
Technical Note 

 This news release presents statistics from the Job 

Openings and Labor Turnover Survey (JOLTS). The 

JOLTS program provides information on labor 

demand and turnover. Additional information about 

the JOLTS program can be found at 

www.bls.gov/jlt/. Estimates are published for job 

openings, hires, quits, layoffs and discharges, and 

total separations. The JOLTS program covers all 

private nonfarm establishments, as well as civilian 

federal, state, and local government entities in the 50 

states and the District of Columbia. Industries are 

classified in accordance with the North American 

Industry Classification System. 

Definitions and Methodology (National/State) 

Shared definitions and procedures for National and 

State JOLTS Estimates can be found at: 

www.bls.gov/news.release/jolts.tn.htm 

Data Element Definitions

 Employment. Employment includes persons on 

the payroll who worked or received pay for the pay 

period that includes the 12th day of the reference 

month. Full-time, part-time, permanent, short-term, 

seasonal, salaried, and hourly employees are 

included, as are employees on paid vacation or other 

paid leave. Proprietors or partners of unincorporated 

businesses, unpaid family workers, or employees on 

strike for the entire pay period, and employees on 

leave without pay for the entire pay period are not 

counted as employed. Employees of temporary help 

agencies, employee leasing companies, outside 

contractors, and consultants are counted by their 

employer of record, not by the establishment where 

they are working. JOLTS does not publish 

employment estimates but uses the reported 

employment for validation of the other reported data 

elements. 

Job Openings. Job openings include all 

positions that are open on the last business day of the 

reference month. A job is open only if it meets all 

three of these conditions: 

 A specific position exists and there is work 

available for that position. The position can be 

full-time or part-time, and it can be permanent, 

short-term, or seasonal. 

 The job could start within 30 days, whether or 

not the employer can find a suitable candidate 

during that time. 

 The employer is actively recruiting workers from 

outside the establishment to fill the position. 

Active recruiting means that the establishment is 

taking steps to fill a position. It may include 

advertising in newspapers, on television, or on 

the radio; posting Internet notices, posting “help 

wanted” signs, networking or making “word-ofmouth” announcements; accepting applications; 

interviewing candidates; contacting employment 

agencies; or soliciting employees at job fairs, 

state or local employment offices, or similar 

sources. 

 Excluded are positions open only to internal 

transfers, promotions or demotions, or recall from 

layoffs. Also excluded are openings for positions 

with start dates more than 30 days in the future, 

positions for which employees have been hired but 

the employees have not yet reported for work, and 

positions to be filled by employees of temporary help 

agencies, employee leasing companies, outside 

contractors, or consultants. The job openings rate is 

computed by dividing the number of job openings by 

the sum of employment and job openings and 

multiplying that quotient by 100. 

Hires. Hires include all additions to the payroll 

during the entire reference month, including newly 

hired and rehired employees; full-time and part-time 

employees; permanent, short-term, and seasonal 

employees; employees who were recalled to a job at 

the location following a layoff (formal suspension 

from pay status) lasting more than 7 days; on-call or 

intermittent employees who returned to work after 

having been formally separated; workers who were 

hired and separated during the month, and transfers 

from other locations. Excluded are transfers or 

promotions within the reporting location, employees 

returning from strike, employees of temporary help 

agencies, employee leasing companies, outside 

contractors, or consultants. The hires rate is 

computed by dividing the number of hires by 

employment and multiplying that quotient by 100. 

 Separations. Total Separations include all 

separations from the payroll during the entire 

reference month and is reported by type of 

separation: quits, layoffs and discharges, and other 

separations. Quits include employees who left 

voluntarily with the exception of retirements or 
transfers to other locations. Layoffs and discharges 

includes involuntary separations initiated by the 

employer including layoffs with no intent to rehire; 

layoffs (formal suspensions from pay status) lasting 

or expected to last more than 7 days; discharges 

resulting from mergers, downsizing, or closings; 

firings or other discharges for cause; terminations of 

permanent or short-term employees; and terminations 

of seasonal employees (whether or not they are 

expected to return the next season). Other separations 

include retirements, transfers to other locations, 

separations due to employee disability; and deaths. 

Excluded from other separations are transfers within 

the same location; employees on strike; employees of 

temporary help agencies, employee leasing 

companies, outside contractors, or consultants. The 

other separations component is not published for 

states due to its comparatively high error, and 

because it comprises less than 8% of total 

separations. The separations rate is computed by 

dividing the number of separations by employment 

and multiplying that quotient by 100. The quits and 

layoffs and discharges rates are computed similarly. 

State Estimates Methodology

The JOLTS sample of 21,000 establishments 

does not directly support the production of sample 

based state estimates. However, state estimates have 

been produced by combining the available sample 

with model-based estimates. 

 These estimates consist of four major estimating 

models; the Composite Regional model, the 

Synthetic model, the Composite Synthetic model, 

and the Extended Composite Synthetic model. The 

Composite Regional model uses JOLTS microdata, 

JOLTS regional published estimates, and Current 

Employment Statistics (CES) employment data. The 

Composite Synthetic model uses JOLTS microdata 

and Synthetic model estimates derived from monthly 

employment changes in microdata from the Quarterly 

Census of Employment and Wages (QCEW), and 

JOLTS published regional data. The Extended 

Composite Synthetic extends the Composite 

Synthetic estimates by ratio-adjusting the Composite 

Synthetic by the ratio of the current Composite 

Regional model estimate to the Composite Regional 

model estimate from one year ago. 

 The Extended Composite Synthetic model (and 

its major component—the Composite Regional 

model) is used to extend the Composite Synthetic 

estimates because all of the inputs required by this 

model are available at the time monthly estimate are 

produced. In contrast, the Composite Synthetic model 

(and its major component—the Synthetic model) can 

only be produced when the latest QCEW data are 

available. The current model uses the Extended 

Composite Synthetic model estimates to extend the 

Composite Synthetic model estimates during the 

annual JOLTS re-tabulation process. The extension 

of the Composite Synthetic model using current databased Composite Regional model estimates will 

ensure that the Composite Synthetic model estimates 

reflect current economic trends. 

 The Composite Regional model calculates statelevel JOLTS estimates from JOLTS microdata using 

sample weights, and the adjustments for nonresponse (NRAF). The Composite Regional estimate 

is then benchmarked to CES state-supersector 

employment to produce state-supersector estimates. 

The JOLTS sample, by itself, cannot ensure a 

reasonably sized sample for each state-supersector 

cell. The small JOLTS sample results in quite a 

number of state-supersector cells that lack enough 

data to produce a reasonable estimate. To overcome 

this issue, the state-level estimates derived directly 

from the JOLTS sample are augmented using JOLTS 

regional estimates when the number of respondents is 

low (that is, less than 30). This approach is known as 

a composite estimate which leverages the small 

JOLTS sample to the greatest extent possible and 

supplements that with a model-based estimate. 

 In this approach, the JOLTS microdata-based 

estimate is used, without model augmentation, in all 

state-supersector cells that have 30 or more 

respondents. The JOLTS regional estimate will be 

used, without a sample-based component, in all statesupersector cells that have fewer than five 

respondents. In all state-supersector cells with 5–30 

respondents an estimate is calculated that is a 

composition of a weighted estimate of the microdatabased estimate and a weighted estimate of the JOLTS 

regional estimate. The weight assigned to the JOLTS 

data in those cells is proportional the number of 

JOLTS respondents in the cell (weight=n∕30, where n 

is the number of respondents). 

 Benchmarking. The JOLTS State estimates 

utilize and leverage data from three BLS programs; 

JOLTS, CES, and QCEW. These state estimates are 

published as a historical series comprised of an 

historical annually revised benchmark component for 
the Composite Synthetic model and a current 

component Extended Composite Synthetic model 

which provides monthly "real-time" estimates 

between lagged benchmarks.

 Seasonal adjustment. BLS uses X-13 ARIMA 

for seasonal adjustment. A concurrent seasonal 

adjustment methodology is used in which new 

seasonal adjustment factors are calculated each 

month, using all relevant data, up to and including 

current month data. JOLTS state seasonal adjustment 

includes both additive and multiplicative models and 

REGARIMA (regression with auto-correlated errors) 

modeling to improve the seasonal adjustment factors 

at the beginning and end of the series and to detect 

and adjust for outliers in the series. The seasonally 

adjusted CES over-the-month employment trends are 

applied to the seasonally adjusted JOLTS state 

implied employment trends (hires minus separations) 

forcing them to be approximately the same, while 

preserving the seasonality of the JOLTS data. 

Reliability of the estimates 

 JOLTS estimates are subject to both sampling 

and nonsampling error. Sampling error occurs when a 

sample is surveyed rather than the entire population. 

There is a chance that the sample estimates may 

differ from the true population values they represent. 

The difference, or sampling error, varies depending 

on the particular sample selected. This variability is 

measured by the standard error of the estimate. BLS 

analysis is generally conducted at the 90-percent 

level of confidence. That means that there is a 90-

percent chance, or level of confidence, that an 

estimate based on a sample will differ by no more 

than 1.6 standard errors from the true population 

value because of sampling error. Sampling error 

estimates are available on the JOLTS Median 

Standard Errors page: 

http://www.bls.gov/jlt/jolts_median_standard_errors.

htm 

The JOLTS estimates also are affected by 

nonsampling error. Nonsampling error can occur for 

many reasons including: the failure to include a 

segment of the population; the inability to obtain data 

from all units in the sample; the inability or 

unwillingness of respondents to provide data on a 

timely basis; mistakes made by respondents; errors 

made in the collection or processing of the data; and 

errors from the employment benchmark data used in 

estimation. 

 The JOLTS State variance estimates account for 

both sampling error and the error attributable to 

modeling. A small area domain model uses a 

Bayesian model to develop estimates of JOLTS State 

variance. The small area model uses QCEW-based 

JOLTS synthetic model data to generate a Bayesian 

prior distribution, then updates the prior distribution 

using JOLTS microdata and sample-based variance 

estimates at the State and US Census Regional level 

to generate a Bayesian posterior distribution. Once 

the Bayesian posterior distribution has been 

generated, an estimate of JOLTS State variance 

estimates is made by drawing 2,500 estimates from 

the Bayesian posterior distribution. This Bayesian 

approach thus indirectly accounts for sampling error 

and directly for model error. 

Other information 

Detailed information about the JOLTS State 

methodology can be found at: 

 www.bls.gov/jlt/jlt_statedata_methodology.htm 

 Information in this release will be made available 

to sensory impaired individuals upon request. Voice 

phone: (202) 691-5200; Federal Relay Service: (800) 

877-8339. 
Table 1. Job openings levels and rates for total nonfarm by state, seasonally adjusted

State

Levels (in thousands) Rates

Sept.

2020

June

2021

July

2021

Aug.

2021

Sept.

2021p

Sept.

2020

June

2021

July

2021

Aug.

2021

Sept.

2021p

TOTAL U.S...................................... 6,611 10,185 11,098 10,629 10,438 4.5 6.5 7.0 6.7 6.6

Alabama.......................................... 101 137 141 146 144 4.9 6.3 6.5 6.7 6.6

Alaska............................................ 22 23 36 30 30 6.9 7.1 10.6 8.9 8.9

Arizona........................................... 154 200 221 242 207 5.1 6.3 6.9 7.5 6.5

Arkansas......................................... 58 79 89 98 93 4.5 5.9 6.5 7.2 6.8

California......................................... 687 1,039 1,054 1,123 1,155 4.1 6.0 6.0 6.3 6.5

Colorado......................................... 107 228 228 210 185 3.9 7.7 7.7 7.1 6.3

Connecticut...................................... 59 104 106 103 104 3.6 6.1 6.2 6.0 6.1

Delaware......................................... 23 35 35 33 31 4.9 7.3 7.2 6.8 6.5

District of Columbia............................. 25 39 46 39 40 3.3 5.0 5.8 4.9 5.0

Florida............................................ 393 574 715 685 609 4.4 6.2 7.5 7.2 6.4

Georgia........................................... 246 364 383 416 415 5.3 7.4 7.7 8.4 8.3

Hawaii............................................ 16 37 46 33 29 3.0 6.1 7.3 5.4 4.8

Idaho............................................. 35 60 67 59 52 4.4 7.1 7.8 7.0 6.2

Illinois............................................. 239 399 429 387 388 4.1 6.5 6.9 6.3 6.3

Indiana........................................... 150 232 227 230 227 4.8 7.1 6.9 7.0 6.9

Iowa............................................... 69 91 103 98 111 4.4 5.6 6.3 6.0 6.7

Kansas........................................... 60 75 87 82 82 4.2 5.2 5.9 5.6 5.6

Kentucky......................................... 91 182 170 170 142 4.7 8.9 8.4 8.3 7.0

Louisiana......................................... 93 125 132 136 135 4.9 6.4 6.7 6.9 6.9

Maine............................................. 34 43 56 47 52 5.4 6.5 8.3 7.1 7.8

Maryland......................................... 141 199 227 212 209 5.2 7.0 7.9 7.4 7.3

Massachusetts.................................. 144 226 286 280 309 4.1 6.1 7.6 7.4 8.1

Michigan......................................... 212 433 377 364 345 4.9 9.5 8.3 8.0 7.6

Minnesota........................................ 107 181 206 190 189 3.7 6.0 6.7 6.2 6.2

Mississippi....................................... 60 83 84 87 86 5.1 6.8 6.9 7.1 7.0

Missouri.......................................... 110 168 201 211 199 3.8 5.6 6.6 6.9 6.5

Montana.......................................... 26 37 40 39 37 5.2 7.1 7.6 7.5 7.1

Nebraska......................................... 46 59 70 67 69 4.4 5.5 6.5 6.2 6.3

Nevada........................................... 73 158 156 119 102 5.5 10.6 10.4 8.1 7.0

New Hampshire................................. 31 56 60 56 54 4.6 7.9 8.3 7.8 7.5

New Jersey...................................... 198 284 323 306 307 4.9 6.7 7.5 7.1 7.1

New Mexico..................................... 42 57 61 64 65 5.1 6.7 7.0 7.3 7.4

New York........................................ 326 537 693 554 543 3.6 5.7 7.2 5.8 5.7

North Carolina................................... 228 354 354 360 341 4.9 7.3 7.2 7.4 7.0

North Dakota.................................... 18 26 27 29 30 4.2 5.9 6.1 6.5 6.7

Ohio............................................... 247 332 409 343 389 4.5 5.9 7.1 6.0 6.8

Oklahoma........................................ 73 115 108 101 117 4.3 6.6 6.2 5.8 6.6

Oregon........................................... 99 137 178 152 141 5.2 6.9 8.7 7.5 7.0

Pennsylvania.................................... 260 427 448 427 420 4.4 7.0 7.2 6.9 6.8

Rhode Island.................................... 20 46 38 37 37 4.1 8.9 7.4 7.2 7.2

South Carolina.................................. 123 163 180 181 179 5.6 7.1 7.8 7.8 7.7

South Dakota.................................... 22 23 30 27 32 4.9 5.0 6.4 5.8 6.8

Tennessee....................................... 142 206 221 227 227 4.5 6.2 6.7 6.8 6.8

Texas............................................. 609 902 928 887 807 4.8 6.7 6.8 6.5 5.9

Utah............................................... 69 105 131 120 111 4.3 6.2 7.5 6.9 6.4

Vermont.......................................... 16 23 21 24 25 5.3 7.2 6.5 7.4 7.8

Virginia........................................... 194 271 320 303 328 4.8 6.5 7.6 7.2 7.7

Washington...................................... 125 226 231 210 224 3.7 6.3 6.4 5.8 6.1

West Virginia.................................... 45 60 69 54 60 6.3 8.0 9.1 7.2 8.0

Wisconsin........................................ 128 208 230 211 205 4.3 6.8 7.4 6.8 6.7

Wyoming......................................... 14 16 24 23 19 4.9 5.5 8.1 7.8 6.5

p Preliminary
Table 2. Hires levels and rates for total nonfarm by state, seasonally adjusted

State

Levels (in thousands) Rates

Sept.

2020

June

2021

July

2021

Aug.

2021

Sept.

2021p

Sept.

2020

June

2021

July

2021

Aug.

2021

Sept.

2021p

TOTAL U.S...................................... 5,932 6,827 6,761 6,497 6,459 4.2 4.7 4.6 4.4 4.4

Alabama.......................................... 88 95 96 102 104 4.4 4.7 4.7 5.0 5.1

Alaska............................................ 22 9 24 21 21 7.5 3.0 7.9 6.9 6.9

Arizona........................................... 142 126 135 138 143 5.0 4.3 4.5 4.6 4.8

Arkansas......................................... 55 59 61 65 67 4.4 4.7 4.8 5.1 5.3

California......................................... 677 624 624 661 660 4.3 3.8 3.8 4.0 4.0

Colorado......................................... 113 151 142 140 126 4.3 5.6 5.2 5.1 4.6

Connecticut...................................... 59 81 58 60 62 3.8 5.1 3.6 3.7 3.9

Delaware......................................... 20 26 24 24 23 4.5 5.8 5.3 5.3 5.1

District of Columbia............................. 15 20 23 22 20 2.0 2.7 3.1 2.9 2.7

Florida............................................ 341 394 422 431 414 4.0 4.5 4.8 4.9 4.7

Georgia........................................... 201 251 240 255 253 4.6 5.5 5.3 5.6 5.5

Hawaii............................................ 17 26 26 23 22 3.3 4.5 4.5 4.0 3.8

Idaho............................................. 39 47 44 44 39 5.1 6.0 5.6 5.6 5.0

Illinois............................................. 235 293 351 235 267 4.2 5.1 6.1 4.0 4.6

Indiana........................................... 115 178 161 157 149 3.8 5.8 5.3 5.1 4.9

Iowa............................................... 65 73 66 57 66 4.3 4.8 4.3 3.7 4.3

Kansas........................................... 46 69 63 55 51 3.4 5.0 4.6 4.0 3.7

Kentucky......................................... 102 143 105 107 97 5.5 7.7 5.6 5.7 5.2

Louisiana......................................... 77 93 92 95 89 4.3 5.1 5.0 5.1 4.9

Maine............................................. 27 27 27 26 30 4.5 4.4 4.4 4.2 4.9

Maryland......................................... 69 114 119 104 104 2.7 4.3 4.5 3.9 3.9

Massachusetts.................................. 113 153 152 127 143 3.4 4.4 4.3 3.6 4.1

Michigan......................................... 175 258 230 220 181 4.3 6.2 5.5 5.3 4.3

Minnesota........................................ 74 121 119 97 88 2.7 4.3 4.2 3.4 3.1

Mississippi....................................... 53 72 58 57 63 4.8 6.4 5.1 5.0 5.5

Missouri.......................................... 112 151 136 123 117 4.0 5.4 4.8 4.3 4.1

Montana.......................................... 27 25 29 27 27 5.7 5.2 6.0 5.6 5.6

Nebraska......................................... 36 45 48 45 40 3.6 4.5 4.7 4.4 3.9

Nevada........................................... 86 140 120 98 83 6.8 10.5 9.0 7.3 6.2

New Hampshire................................. 26 33 31 30 31 4.0 5.0 4.7 4.5 4.7

New Jersey...................................... 172 152 195 167 170 4.5 3.9 4.9 4.2 4.2

New Mexico..................................... 38 40 43 40 41 4.8 5.0 5.3 4.9 5.1

New York........................................ 315 300 321 337 315 3.6 3.4 3.6 3.8 3.5

North Carolina................................... 237 300 236 235 232 5.4 6.7 5.2 5.2 5.1

North Dakota.................................... 16 20 21 24 20 3.9 4.8 5.0 5.8 4.8

Ohio............................................... 206 286 237 208 239 3.9 5.4 4.4 3.9 4.5

Oklahoma........................................ 66 68 91 73 76 4.1 4.2 5.6 4.5 4.6

Oregon........................................... 77 101 98 96 86 4.2 5.4 5.2 5.1 4.6

Pennsylvania.................................... 218 205 195 189 210 3.9 3.6 3.4 3.3 3.7

Rhode Island.................................... 20 39 23 22 22 4.3 8.3 4.8 4.6 4.6

South Carolina.................................. 102 120 111 116 108 4.9 5.7 5.2 5.4 5.0

South Dakota.................................... 17 20 21 19 20 4.0 4.6 4.8 4.3 4.6

Tennessee....................................... 141 152 163 157 150 4.7 4.9 5.3 5.1 4.8

Texas............................................. 569 536 573 600 613 4.7 4.2 4.5 4.7 4.8

Utah............................................... 70 72 79 75 70 4.5 4.5 4.9 4.6 4.3

Vermont.......................................... 14 32 13 14 14 4.9 10.8 4.3 4.7 4.7

Virginia........................................... 158 167 179 184 190 4.1 4.3 4.6 4.7 4.8

Washington...................................... 115 150 150 139 134 3.5 4.4 4.4 4.1 3.9

West Virginia.................................... 32 38 42 31 32 4.8 5.5 6.1 4.5 4.6

Wisconsin........................................ 110 126 127 107 123 3.9 4.4 4.4 3.7 4.3

Wyoming......................................... 15 8 16 16 14 5.5 2.9 5.9 5.9 5.1

p Preliminary
Table 3. Total separations levels and rates for total nonfarm by state, seasonally adjusted

State

Levels (in thousands) Rates

Sept.

2020

June

2021

July

2021

Aug.

2021

Sept.

2021p

Sept.

2020

June

2021

July

2021

Aug.

2021

Sept.

2021p

TOTAL U.S...................................... 5,235 5,612 5,792 6,032 6,218 3.7 3.8 3.9 4.1 4.2

Alabama.......................................... 87 86 92 90 105 4.4 4.2 4.5 4.4 5.1

Alaska............................................ 13 17 19 19 19 4.4 5.7 6.2 6.2 6.2

Arizona........................................... 122 113 124 124 137 4.3 3.8 4.2 4.2 4.6

Arkansas......................................... 52 52 53 55 66 4.2 4.1 4.2 4.3 5.2

California......................................... 550 556 551 577 600 3.5 3.4 3.3 3.5 3.6

Colorado......................................... 114 136 144 172 160 4.3 5.0 5.3 6.3 5.8

Connecticut...................................... 52 51 58 50 59 3.3 3.2 3.6 3.1 3.7

Delaware......................................... 17 18 20 21 20 3.8 4.0 4.4 4.6 4.5

District of Columbia............................. 21 23 20 19 24 2.9 3.1 2.7 2.5 3.2

Florida............................................ 330 312 356 395 388 3.9 3.6 4.1 4.5 4.4

Georgia........................................... 192 268 228 254 245 4.4 5.9 5.0 5.6 5.4

Hawaii............................................ 39 24 29 28 58 7.6 4.2 5.0 4.9 10.1

Idaho............................................. 30 32 33 44 43 3.9 4.1 4.2 5.6 5.5

Illinois............................................. 234 221 236 259 262 4.1 3.8 4.1 4.5 4.5

Indiana........................................... 124 137 138 148 135 4.1 4.5 4.5 4.8 4.4

Iowa............................................... 52 61 58 73 60 3.5 4.0 3.8 4.8 3.9

Kansas........................................... 45 58 56 60 51 3.3 4.2 4.1 4.3 3.7

Kentucky......................................... 85 83 86 108 99 4.6 4.5 4.6 5.7 5.3

Louisiana......................................... 105 82 78 75 97 5.8 4.5 4.2 4.1 5.3

Maine............................................. 19 26 29 27 24 3.2 4.2 4.7 4.4 3.9

Maryland......................................... 70 96 94 92 111 2.7 3.6 3.5 3.4 4.2

Massachusetts.................................. 100 107 119 139 158 3.0 3.1 3.4 4.0 4.5

Michigan......................................... 156 159 191 201 180 3.8 3.8 4.6 4.8 4.3

Minnesota........................................ 67 119 103 108 101 2.4 4.2 3.6 3.8 3.5

Mississippi....................................... 51 51 43 53 59 4.6 4.5 3.8 4.7 5.2

Missouri.......................................... 115 124 119 127 117 4.1 4.4 4.2 4.5 4.1

Montana.......................................... 21 20 22 25 30 4.4 4.2 4.5 5.2 6.2

Nebraska......................................... 37 42 45 45 41 3.7 4.2 4.4 4.4 4.0

Nevada........................................... 61 71 72 72 85 4.8 5.3 5.4 5.4 6.3

New Hampshire................................. 20 29 29 28 33 3.1 4.4 4.4 4.2 5.0

New Jersey...................................... 152 162 152 150 129 3.9 4.1 3.8 3.8 3.2

New Mexico..................................... 27 35 33 41 36 3.4 4.4 4.1 5.1 4.4

New York........................................ 230 230 292 271 266 2.6 2.6 3.3 3.0 3.0

North Carolina................................... 174 209 245 232 227 4.0 4.6 5.4 5.1 5.0

North Dakota.................................... 18 20 20 21 20 4.4 4.8 4.8 5.0 4.8

Ohio............................................... 216 232 213 216 235 4.1 4.4 4.0 4.0 4.4

Oklahoma........................................ 57 69 77 72 74 3.5 4.2 4.7 4.4 4.5

Oregon........................................... 73 76 70 84 96 4.0 4.1 3.7 4.5 5.1

Pennsylvania.................................... 151 182 204 192 179 2.7 3.2 3.6 3.3 3.1

Rhode Island.................................... 16 17 20 19 22 3.5 3.6 4.2 4.0 4.6

South Carolina.................................. 85 85 89 88 100 4.1 4.0 4.2 4.1 4.7

South Dakota.................................... 15 19 17 21 17 3.5 4.4 3.9 4.8 3.9

Tennessee....................................... 136 119 127 147 148 4.5 3.8 4.1 4.7 4.8

Texas............................................. 488 487 488 480 560 4.0 3.9 3.8 3.8 4.4

Utah............................................... 68 66 67 64 78 4.4 4.1 4.2 4.0 4.8

Vermont.......................................... 12 12 15 13 12 4.2 4.1 5.0 4.4 4.1

Virginia........................................... 109 152 140 157 162 2.8 3.9 3.6 4.0 4.1

Washington...................................... 95 122 123 111 121 2.9 3.6 3.6 3.2 3.5

West Virginia.................................... 31 27 34 32 36 4.6 3.9 4.9 4.6 5.2

Wisconsin........................................ 87 105 107 122 116 3.1 3.7 3.7 4.2 4.0

Wyoming......................................... 12 13 13 16 15 4.4 4.8 4.8 5.9 5.5

p Preliminary
Table 4. Quits levels and rates for total nonfarm by state, seasonally adjusted

State

Levels (in thousands) Rates

Sept.

2020

June

2021

July

2021

Aug.

2021

Sept.

2021p

Sept.

2020

June

2021

July

2021

Aug.

2021

Sept.

2021p

TOTAL U.S...................................... 3,307 3,870 4,028 4,270 4,434 2.3 2.7 2.7 2.9 3.0

Alabama.......................................... 64 60 58 62 69 3.2 3.0 2.9 3.0 3.4

Alaska............................................ 8 12 13 12 13 2.7 4.0 4.3 3.9 4.3

Arizona........................................... 83 87 94 87 100 2.9 2.9 3.2 2.9 3.4

Arkansas......................................... 36 39 39 40 45 2.9 3.1 3.1 3.2 3.5

California......................................... 309 401 421 403 443 1.9 2.4 2.5 2.4 2.7

Colorado......................................... 67 79 91 94 119 2.5 2.9 3.3 3.4 4.3

Connecticut...................................... 27 34 38 36 41 1.7 2.1 2.4 2.2 2.5

Delaware......................................... 11 12 14 14 14 2.5 2.7 3.1 3.1 3.1

District of Columbia............................. 13 14 13 13 16 1.8 1.9 1.7 1.7 2.1

Florida............................................ 224 222 269 269 279 2.6 2.6 3.1 3.1 3.1

Georgia........................................... 128 184 157 195 168 2.9 4.1 3.4 4.3 3.7

Hawaii............................................ 24 16 19 19 41 4.7 2.8 3.3 3.3 7.1

Idaho............................................. 19 23 24 30 32 2.5 2.9 3.0 3.8 4.1

Illinois............................................. 128 163 169 197 194 2.3 2.8 2.9 3.4 3.3

Indiana........................................... 80 94 98 113 103 2.7 3.1 3.2 3.7 3.4

Iowa............................................... 31 43 41 53 39 2.1 2.8 2.7 3.5 2.5

Kansas........................................... 30 40 40 43 37 2.2 2.9 2.9 3.1 2.7

Kentucky......................................... 58 59 58 83 62 3.1 3.2 3.1 4.4 3.3

Louisiana......................................... 66 59 56 55 69 3.7 3.2 3.0 3.0 3.8

Maine............................................. 11 16 18 18 19 1.8 2.6 2.9 2.9 3.1

Maryland......................................... 43 64 69 66 66 1.7 2.4 2.6 2.5 2.5

Massachusetts.................................. 55 66 78 89 99 1.6 1.9 2.2 2.5 2.8

Michigan......................................... 105 103 139 137 120 2.6 2.5 3.3 3.3 2.9

Minnesota........................................ 42 89 74 74 64 1.5 3.1 2.6 2.6 2.2

Mississippi....................................... 37 36 30 38 42 3.3 3.2 2.6 3.4 3.7

Missouri.......................................... 77 90 88 94 90 2.8 3.2 3.1 3.3 3.2

Montana.......................................... 13 14 15 16 23 2.7 2.9 3.1 3.3 4.8

Nebraska......................................... 24 28 30 33 29 2.4 2.8 3.0 3.2 2.8

Nevada........................................... 39 43 42 46 61 3.1 3.2 3.1 3.4 4.5

New Hampshire................................. 11 17 19 18 25 1.7 2.6 2.9 2.7 3.8

New Jersey...................................... 90 102 100 106 87 2.3 2.6 2.5 2.7 2.2

New Mexico..................................... 18 23 22 25 25 2.3 2.9 2.7 3.1 3.1

New York........................................ 123 164 199 197 183 1.4 1.8 2.2 2.2 2.0

North Carolina................................... 101 139 149 151 153 2.3 3.1 3.3 3.3 3.4

North Dakota.................................... 11 13 13 13 13 2.7 3.1 3.1 3.1 3.1

Ohio............................................... 130 137 140 158 162 2.5 2.6 2.6 3.0 3.0

Oklahoma........................................ 41 45 57 51 53 2.5 2.8 3.5 3.1 3.2

Oregon........................................... 40 50 49 55 74 2.2 2.7 2.6 2.9 3.9

Pennsylvania.................................... 109 114 118 133 126 1.9 2.0 2.1 2.3 2.2

Rhode Island.................................... 10 11 11 12 15 2.2 2.3 2.3 2.5 3.1

South Carolina.................................. 62 60 64 61 68 3.0 2.8 3.0 2.8 3.2

South Dakota.................................... 9 12 11 15 12 2.1 2.8 2.5 3.4 2.7

Tennessee....................................... 86 82 81 104 101 2.9 2.6 2.6 3.4 3.3

Texas............................................. 352 363 360 370 439 2.9 2.9 2.8 2.9 3.4

Utah............................................... 37 46 43 42 58 2.4 2.9 2.7 2.6 3.6

Vermont.......................................... 6 7 9 8 9 2.1 2.4 3.0 2.7 3.0

Virginia........................................... 84 105 98 111 123 2.2 2.7 2.5 2.8 3.1

Washington...................................... 54 85 80 82 85 1.7 2.5 2.4 2.4 2.5

West Virginia.................................... 22 18 24 23 26 3.3 2.6 3.5 3.3 3.8

Wisconsin........................................ 56 77 77 95 90 2.0 2.7 2.7 3.3 3.1

Wyoming......................................... 7 8 9 9 10 2.6 2.9 3.3 3.3 3.7

p Preliminary
Table 5. Layoffs and discharges levels and rates for total nonfarm by state, seasonally adjusted

State

Levels (in thousands) Rates

Sept.

2020

June

2021

July

2021

Aug.

2021

Sept.

2021p

Sept.

2020

June

2021

July

2021

Aug.

2021

Sept.

2021p

TOTAL U.S...................................... 1,555 1,354 1,423 1,385 1,375 1.1 0.9 1.0 0.9 0.9

Alabama.......................................... 15 20 28 17 30 0.8 1.0 1.4 0.8 1.5

Alaska............................................ 4 4 5 5 5 1.4 1.3 1.6 1.6 1.6

Arizona........................................... 32 16 24 27 24 1.1 0.5 0.8 0.9 0.8

Arkansas......................................... 11 10 10 12 17 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.9 1.3

California......................................... 199 126 97 129 117 1.3 0.8 0.6 0.8 0.7

Colorado......................................... 36 33 49 72 30 1.4 1.2 1.8 2.6 1.1

Connecticut...................................... 23 13 15 8 13 1.5 0.8 0.9 0.5 0.8

Delaware......................................... 4 5 5 5 5 0.9 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1

District of Columbia............................. 7 6 6 5 6 1.0 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.8

Florida............................................ 88 76 70 97 87 1.0 0.9 0.8 1.1 1.0

Georgia........................................... 41 60 65 42 59 0.9 1.3 1.4 0.9 1.3

Hawaii............................................ 12 5 9 8 14 2.4 0.9 1.5 1.4 2.4

Idaho............................................. 9 7 8 11 8 1.2 0.9 1.0 1.4 1.0

Illinois............................................. 96 48 57 52 51 1.7 0.8 1.0 0.9 0.9

Indiana........................................... 36 31 30 28 27 1.2 1.0 1.0 0.9 0.9

Iowa............................................... 18 12 14 15 17 1.2 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.1

Kansas........................................... 12 15 12 12 11 0.9 1.1 0.9 0.9 0.8

Kentucky......................................... 21 20 21 20 24 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.3

Louisiana......................................... 31 17 17 15 22 1.7 0.9 0.9 0.8 1.2

Maine............................................. 7 8 8 6 4 1.2 1.3 1.3 1.0 0.7

Maryland......................................... 21 28 19 20 37 0.8 1.1 0.7 0.7 1.4

Massachusetts.................................. 38 32 25 41 53 1.1 0.9 0.7 1.2 1.5

Michigan......................................... 44 44 45 51 50 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.2 1.2

Minnesota........................................ 19 22 22 27 23 0.7 0.8 0.8 0.9 0.8

Mississippi....................................... 9 12 10 11 13 0.8 1.1 0.9 1.0 1.1

Missouri.......................................... 32 27 24 27 22 1.2 1.0 0.8 1.0 0.8

Montana.......................................... 6 5 6 7 5 1.3 1.0 1.2 1.5 1.0

Nebraska......................................... 11 10 11 9 10 1.1 1.0 1.1 0.9 1.0

Nevada........................................... 18 22 29 22 20 1.4 1.7 2.2 1.6 1.5

New Hampshire................................. 7 7 8 7 7 1.1 1.1 1.2 1.1 1.1

New Jersey...................................... 60 47 42 34 38 1.6 1.2 1.1 0.9 0.9

New Mexico..................................... 7 10 9 13 9 0.9 1.3 1.1 1.6 1.1

New York........................................ 79 46 79 58 56 0.9 0.5 0.9 0.6 0.6

North Carolina................................... 55 56 86 70 62 1.3 1.2 1.9 1.5 1.4

North Dakota.................................... 6 6 6 6 6 1.5 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.4

Ohio............................................... 73 82 60 47 64 1.4 1.5 1.1 0.9 1.2

Oklahoma........................................ 12 19 15 15 16 0.7 1.2 0.9 0.9 1.0

Oregon........................................... 29 20 19 24 14 1.6 1.1 1.0 1.3 0.7

Pennsylvania.................................... 31 56 70 42 38 0.6 1.0 1.2 0.7 0.7

Rhode Island.................................... 6 5 6 6 5 1.3 1.1 1.3 1.3 1.0

South Carolina.................................. 19 21 19 20 25 0.9 1.0 0.9 0.9 1.2

South Dakota.................................... 5 5 5 5 4 1.2 1.1 1.1 1.1 0.9

Tennessee....................................... 37 30 37 30 36 1.2 1.0 1.2 1.0 1.2

Texas............................................. 108 94 97 91 92 0.9 0.7 0.8 0.7 0.7

Utah............................................... 27 15 21 17 15 1.8 0.9 1.3 1.0 0.9

Vermont.......................................... 6 3 4 3 3 2.1 1.0 1.3 1.0 1.0

Virginia........................................... 17 37 27 38 31 0.4 0.9 0.7 1.0 0.8

Washington...................................... 34 29 36 23 25 1.0 0.9 1.1 0.7 0.7

West Virginia.................................... 7 7 8 7 7 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.0 1.0

Wisconsin........................................ 26 23 24 21 17 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.6

Wyoming......................................... 4 4 4 6 4 1.5 1.5 1.5 2.2 1.5

p Preliminary
Table 6. Job openings levels and rates for total nonfarm by state, not seasonally adjusted

State

Levels (in thousands) Rates

Sept.

2020

Aug.

2021

Sept.

2021p

Sept.

2020

Aug.

2021

Sept.

2021p

TOTAL U.S............................................................. 6,649 10,913 10,507 4.5 6.9 6.6

Alabama................................................................. 102 147 146 4.9 6.8 6.7

Alaska................................................................... 17 30 25 5.4 8.4 7.5

Arizona.................................................................. 152 261 202 5.1 8.1 6.4

Arkansas................................................................ 65 106 101 4.9 7.8 7.3

California................................................................ 680 1,142 1,165 4.1 6.4 6.5

Colorado................................................................ 107 218 185 3.9 7.4 6.3

Connecticut............................................................. 60 105 103 3.7 6.2 6.0

Delaware................................................................ 22 30 30 4.7 6.1 6.2

District of Columbia.................................................... 28 37 41 3.7 4.7 5.2

Florida................................................................... 380 692 611 4.3 7.3 6.5

Georgia.................................................................. 240 415 414 5.2 8.3 8.3

Hawaii................................................................... 19 35 31 3.5 5.8 5.1

Idaho.................................................................... 34 58 50 4.3 6.8 6.0

Illinois.................................................................... 233 381 382 3.9 6.1 6.1

Indiana.................................................................. 150 237 229 4.8 7.2 6.9

Iowa..................................................................... 71 90 115 4.5 5.6 6.9

Kansas.................................................................. 63 83 83 4.4 5.7 5.6

Kentucky................................................................ 94 177 146 4.9 8.6 7.2

Louisiana................................................................ 91 146 136 4.8 7.4 7.0

Maine.................................................................... 32 48 49 4.9 7.0 7.4

Maryland................................................................ 140 210 206 5.2 7.3 7.2

Massachusetts......................................................... 145 289 314 4.2 7.5 8.1

Michigan................................................................ 211 390 343 4.9 8.5 7.5

Minnesota............................................................... 109 193 190 3.8 6.3 6.2

Mississippi.............................................................. 62 96 89 5.3 7.8 7.3

Missouri................................................................. 113 213 199 3.9 7.0 6.5

Montana................................................................. 26 39 37 5.2 7.4 7.1

Nebraska................................................................ 48 67 71 4.6 6.1 6.5

Nevada.................................................................. 72 121 104 5.4 8.3 7.1

New Hampshire........................................................ 29 59 51 4.3 8.1 7.1

New Jersey............................................................. 207 317 313 5.1 7.4 7.2

New Mexico............................................................ 42 73 65 5.0 8.2 7.4

New York............................................................... 329 581 539 3.6 6.1 5.7

North Carolina.......................................................... 230 366 342 5.0 7.5 7.0

North Dakota........................................................... 19 30 32 4.4 6.7 7.0

Ohio..................................................................... 240 342 386 4.4 6.0 6.7

Oklahoma............................................................... 77 106 122 4.5 6.1 6.9

Oregon.................................................................. 106 159 148 5.5 7.8 7.3

Pennsylvania........................................................... 274 442 424 4.7 7.2 6.9

Rhode Island........................................................... 21 40 37 4.3 7.7 7.2

South Carolina......................................................... 121 182 176 5.5 7.8 7.6

South Dakota........................................................... 22 30 32 4.9 6.3 6.8

Tennessee.............................................................. 143 240 229 4.6 7.2 6.9

Texas.................................................................... 622 936 821 4.9 6.9 6.0

Utah..................................................................... 67 121 109 4.2 6.9 6.3

Vermont................................................................. 15 24 24 4.8 7.6 7.6

Virginia.................................................................. 196 301 339 4.8 7.1 7.9

Washington............................................................. 123 214 220 3.6 5.9 6.0

West Virginia........................................................... 54 55 71 7.4 7.4 9.3

Wisconsin............................................................... 131 216 209 4.4 6.9 6.7

Wyoming................................................................ 13 23 18 4.5 7.5 6.1

p Preliminary
Table 7. Hires levels and rates for total nonfarm by state, not seasonally adjusted

State

Levels (in thousands) Rates

Sept.

2020

Aug.

2021

Sept.

2021p

Sept.

2020

Aug.

2021

Sept.

2021p

TOTAL U.S............................................................. 6,033 7,120 6,493 4.3 4.8 4.4

Alabama................................................................. 83 109 102 4.2 5.4 5.0

Alaska................................................................... 18 21 17 5.9 6.4 5.5

Arizona.................................................................. 155 171 154 5.5 5.8 5.2

Arkansas................................................................ 62 83 75 4.9 6.6 5.8

California................................................................ 711 755 683 4.5 4.6 4.1

Colorado................................................................ 109 148 117 4.1 5.4 4.2

Connecticut............................................................. 62 62 63 3.9 3.9 3.9

Delaware................................................................ 18 22 20 4.0 4.8 4.4

District of Columbia.................................................... 20 21 25 2.7 2.9 3.3

Florida................................................................... 325 471 398 3.9 5.4 4.5

Georgia.................................................................. 195 279 244 4.5 6.1 5.3

Hawaii................................................................... 17 23 20 3.4 4.1 3.5

Idaho.................................................................... 39 43 38 5.1 5.5 4.9

Illinois.................................................................... 227 256 262 4.0 4.4 4.5

Indiana.................................................................. 115 178 143 3.8 5.8 4.6

Iowa..................................................................... 70 57 71 4.6 3.7 4.6

Kansas.................................................................. 48 64 52 3.5 4.6 3.7

Kentucky................................................................ 103 127 97 5.6 6.8 5.1

Louisiana................................................................ 76 107 87 4.2 5.8 4.8

Maine.................................................................... 24 24 27 3.9 3.8 4.3

Maryland................................................................ 73 101 105 2.9 3.8 3.9

Massachusetts......................................................... 133 126 159 4.0 3.6 4.5

Michigan................................................................ 194 236 190 4.7 5.6 4.5

Minnesota............................................................... 82 110 88 3.0 3.8 3.1

Mississippi.............................................................. 53 69 64 4.7 6.1 5.6

Missouri................................................................. 114 135 118 4.1 4.8 4.1

Montana................................................................. 28 28 27 5.8 5.7 5.5

Nebraska................................................................ 38 49 41 3.8 4.8 4.0

Nevada.................................................................. 87 100 81 6.9 7.4 6.0

New Hampshire........................................................ 23 35 28 3.5 5.2 4.1

New Jersey............................................................. 197 159 191 5.1 4.0 4.8

New Mexico............................................................ 37 51 38 4.6 6.2 4.7

New York............................................................... 335 337 326 3.8 3.8 3.6

North Carolina.......................................................... 224 261 219 5.1 5.8 4.8

North Dakota........................................................... 18 25 21 4.4 5.9 5.0

Ohio..................................................................... 201 231 248 3.8 4.3 4.6

Oklahoma............................................................... 69 85 79 4.3 5.2 4.7

Oregon.................................................................. 86 98 89 4.7 5.2 4.7

Pennsylvania........................................................... 213 194 201 3.8 3.4 3.5

Rhode Island........................................................... 21 22 22 4.4 4.6 4.5

South Carolina......................................................... 96 128 102 4.6 6.0 4.7

South Dakota........................................................... 17 21 20 3.8 4.8 4.5

Tennessee.............................................................. 136 179 144 4.5 5.8 4.6

Texas.................................................................... 569 691 627 4.7 5.4 4.9

Utah..................................................................... 71 83 67 4.6 5.2 4.1

Vermont................................................................. 13 13 13 4.5 4.5 4.4

Virginia.................................................................. 148 208 187 3.8 5.3 4.8

Washington............................................................. 124 159 133 3.8 4.6 3.9

West Virginia........................................................... 36 36 37 5.4 5.3 5.4

Wisconsin............................................................... 109 113 125 3.8 3.9 4.3

Wyoming................................................................ 14 16 13 5.1 5.5 4.6

p Preliminary
Table 8. Total separations levels and rates for total nonfarm by state, not seasonally adjusted

State

Levels (in thousands) Rates

Sept.

2020

Aug.

2021

Sept.

2021p

Sept.

2020

Aug.

2021

Sept.

2021p

TOTAL U.S............................................................. 5,479 7,107 6,597 3.9 4.8 4.5

Alabama................................................................. 88 98 116 4.4 4.9 5.7

Alaska................................................................... 23 28 31 7.4 8.6 10.0

Arizona.................................................................. 108 138 130 3.8 4.7 4.4

Arkansas................................................................ 48 63 64 3.8 5.0 5.0

California................................................................ 550 671 626 3.5 4.0 3.7

Colorado................................................................ 131 210 179 5.0 7.6 6.5

Connecticut............................................................. 58 63 67 3.7 3.9 4.2

Delaware................................................................ 19 26 23 4.4 5.7 5.2

District of Columbia.................................................... 20 26 25 2.8 3.5 3.3

Florida................................................................... 316 441 391 3.8 5.0 4.4

Georgia.................................................................. 196 288 249 4.5 6.3 5.5

Hawaii................................................................... 38 35 59 7.5 6.1 10.2

Idaho.................................................................... 36 51 49 4.7 6.4 6.3

Illinois.................................................................... 233 303 265 4.1 5.2 4.5

Indiana.................................................................. 130 175 141 4.3 5.7 4.6

Iowa..................................................................... 59 88 67 3.9 5.8 4.3

Kansas.................................................................. 47 71 52 3.5 5.1 3.7

Kentucky................................................................ 81 121 99 4.4 6.4 5.3

Louisiana................................................................ 102 89 99 5.7 4.8 5.4

Maine.................................................................... 28 32 33 4.5 5.0 5.3

Maryland................................................................ 77 111 122 3.0 4.2 4.6

Massachusetts......................................................... 132 172 198 3.9 4.9 5.6

Michigan................................................................ 164 232 185 4.0 5.5 4.4

Minnesota............................................................... 74 119 106 2.7 4.1 3.7

Mississippi.............................................................. 49 64 59 4.4 5.6 5.2

Missouri................................................................. 120 148 123 4.3 5.2 4.3

Montana................................................................. 27 30 36 5.7 6.1 7.3

Nebraska................................................................ 37 52 41 3.8 5.1 4.0

Nevada.................................................................. 59 90 82 4.7 6.7 6.1

New Hampshire........................................................ 25 34 40 3.9 5.0 6.0

New Jersey............................................................. 189 178 165 4.9 4.5 4.1

New Mexico............................................................ 26 52 35 3.3 6.4 4.2

New York............................................................... 250 358 291 2.9 4.0 3.2

North Carolina.......................................................... 176 276 233 4.0 6.1 5.2

North Dakota........................................................... 19 25 20 4.5 5.9 4.8

Ohio..................................................................... 212 252 244 4.0 4.7 4.5

Oklahoma............................................................... 57 85 76 3.5 5.2 4.6

Oregon.................................................................. 82 99 102 4.5 5.2 5.4

Pennsylvania........................................................... 163 226 188 2.9 4.0 3.3

Rhode Island........................................................... 19 21 24 4.2 4.3 5.0

South Carolina......................................................... 91 103 110 4.4 4.8 5.1

South Dakota........................................................... 20 25 22 4.6 5.6 5.0

Tennessee.............................................................. 132 168 150 4.4 5.4 4.8

Texas.................................................................... 515 563 598 4.2 4.4 4.7

Utah..................................................................... 68 72 80 4.4 4.5 4.9

Vermont................................................................. 14 13 14 4.7 4.5 4.8

Virginia.................................................................. 125 187 177 3.3 4.8 4.5

Washington............................................................. 100 146 126 3.1 4.3 3.6

West Virginia........................................................... 29 38 37 4.3 5.5 5.3

Wisconsin............................................................... 99 136 126 3.5 4.7 4.4

Wyoming................................................................ 16 18 20 5.8 6.6 7.1

p Preliminary
Table 9. Quits levels and rates for total nonfarm by state, not seasonally adjusted

State

Levels (in thousands) Rates

Sept.

2020

Aug.

2021

Sept.

2021p

Sept.

2020

Aug.

2021

Sept.

2021p

TOTAL U.S............................................................. 3,453 5,191 4,681 2.4 3.5 3.2

Alabama................................................................. 64 69 74 3.2 3.4 3.6

Alaska................................................................... 14 18 21 4.6 5.7 6.5

Arizona.................................................................. 77 102 100 2.7 3.5 3.3

Arkansas................................................................ 33 47 43 2.7 3.7 3.4

California................................................................ 324 497 474 2.0 3.0 2.8

Colorado................................................................ 78 129 132 2.9 4.7 4.8

Connecticut............................................................. 29 46 44 1.8 2.9 2.7

Delaware................................................................ 13 18 16 2.9 4.0 3.5

District of Columbia.................................................... 11 18 16 1.5 2.4 2.1

Florida................................................................... 214 298 278 2.6 3.4 3.2

Georgia.................................................................. 128 228 164 2.9 5.0 3.6

Hawaii................................................................... 25 25 42 4.9 4.3 7.3

Idaho.................................................................... 23 38 37 3.0 4.7 4.7

Illinois.................................................................... 130 243 202 2.3 4.2 3.5

Indiana.................................................................. 82 130 107 2.7 4.2 3.5

Iowa..................................................................... 34 64 42 2.3 4.2 2.7

Kansas.................................................................. 31 52 38 2.3 3.7 2.7

Kentucky................................................................ 57 93 64 3.1 4.9 3.4

Louisiana................................................................ 63 67 68 3.5 3.6 3.8

Maine.................................................................... 15 23 24 2.5 3.6 3.8

Maryland................................................................ 46 82 71 1.8 3.1 2.7

Massachusetts......................................................... 70 109 118 2.1 3.1 3.3

Michigan................................................................ 113 175 125 2.8 4.2 3.0

Minnesota............................................................... 50 87 71 1.8 3.0 2.5

Mississippi.............................................................. 35 47 42 3.1 4.2 3.7

Missouri................................................................. 81 110 95 2.9 3.9 3.3

Montana................................................................. 17 21 27 3.6 4.2 5.5

Nebraska................................................................ 24 38 29 2.5 3.7 2.9

Nevada.................................................................. 38 63 60 3.0 4.7 4.4

New Hampshire........................................................ 14 22 28 2.2 3.3 4.3

New Jersey............................................................. 113 125 107 2.9 3.1 2.7

New Mexico............................................................ 17 34 24 2.1 4.1 3.0

New York............................................................... 134 266 195 1.5 3.0 2.2

North Carolina.......................................................... 100 184 153 2.3 4.1 3.4

North Dakota........................................................... 12 17 14 2.9 4.1 3.3

Ohio..................................................................... 139 186 179 2.6 3.5 3.3

Oklahoma............................................................... 40 60 53 2.5 3.7 3.2

Oregon.................................................................. 44 71 78 2.4 3.8 4.2

Pennsylvania........................................................... 109 168 132 1.9 2.9 2.3

Rhode Island........................................................... 11 15 17 2.4 3.0 3.4

South Carolina......................................................... 67 75 77 3.2 3.5 3.6

South Dakota........................................................... 13 17 16 2.9 3.9 3.6

Tennessee.............................................................. 84 122 102 2.8 4.0 3.3

Texas.................................................................... 355 442 453 2.9 3.5 3.5

Utah..................................................................... 39 52 61 2.5 3.2 3.8

Vermont................................................................. 6 9 10 2.1 3.2 3.2

Virginia.................................................................. 86 133 129 2.2 3.4 3.3

Washington............................................................. 62 107 94 1.9 3.1 2.7

West Virginia........................................................... 20 28 26 3.0 4.1 3.7

Wisconsin............................................................... 60 108 97 2.1 3.7 3.3

Wyoming................................................................ 10 11 13 3.6 4.1 4.9

p Preliminary
Table 10. Layoffs and discharges levels and rates for total nonfarm by state, not seasonally adjusted

State

Levels (in thousands) Rates

Sept.

2020

Aug.

2021

Sept.

2021p

Sept.

2020

Aug.

2021

Sept.

2021p

TOTAL U.S............................................................. 1,663 1,502 1,503 1.2 1.0 1.0

Alabama................................................................. 16 19 34 0.8 0.9 1.7

Alaska................................................................... 7 8 9 2.4 2.5 2.9

Arizona.................................................................. 27 27 18 0.9 0.9 0.6

Arkansas................................................................ 10 12 16 0.8 1.0 1.3

California................................................................ 187 131 114 1.2 0.8 0.7

Colorado................................................................ 42 75 36 1.6 2.7 1.3

Connecticut............................................................. 27 11 19 1.7 0.7 1.2

Delaware................................................................ 5 6 6 1.1 1.2 1.3

District of Columbia.................................................... 8 6 7 1.0 0.8 1.0

Florida................................................................... 86 113 93 1.0 1.3 1.0

Georgia.................................................................. 47 40 67 1.1 0.9 1.5

Hawaii................................................................... 11 9 13 2.2 1.5 2.3

Idaho.................................................................... 11 11 10 1.5 1.3 1.2

Illinois.................................................................... 94 49 47 1.7 0.8 0.8

Indiana.................................................................. 40 36 29 1.3 1.2 1.0

Iowa..................................................................... 22 18 21 1.4 1.2 1.4

Kansas.................................................................. 13 13 11 1.0 1.0 0.8

Kentucky................................................................ 18 22 23 1.0 1.2 1.2

Louisiana................................................................ 31 16 24 1.7 0.9 1.3

Maine.................................................................... 11 7 7 1.8 1.0 1.2

Maryland................................................................ 26 21 44 1.0 0.8 1.6

Massachusetts......................................................... 54 52 74 1.6 1.5 2.1

Michigan................................................................ 43 40 51 1.0 1.0 1.2

Minnesota............................................................... 18 24 20 0.7 0.8 0.7

Mississippi.............................................................. 10 13 14 0.9 1.1 1.2

Missouri................................................................. 33 31 22 1.2 1.1 0.8

Montana................................................................. 9 8 7 1.8 1.7 1.5

Nebraska................................................................ 11 10 9 1.1 1.0 0.9

Nevada.................................................................. 19 23 19 1.5 1.7 1.4

New Hampshire........................................................ 9 8 9 1.4 1.3 1.4

New Jersey............................................................. 68 44 50 1.8 1.1 1.2

New Mexico............................................................ 8 15 8 1.0 1.9 1.0

New York............................................................... 87 74 64 1.0 0.8 0.7

North Carolina.......................................................... 58 81 67 1.3 1.8 1.5

North Dakota........................................................... 5 6 5 1.3 1.4 1.1

Ohio..................................................................... 59 51 55 1.1 1.0 1.0

Oklahoma............................................................... 13 19 17 0.8 1.2 1.0

Oregon.................................................................. 35 24 17 1.9 1.3 0.9

Pennsylvania........................................................... 45 40 45 0.8 0.7 0.8

Rhode Island........................................................... 7 5 6 1.5 0.9 1.3

South Carolina......................................................... 19 22 26 0.9 1.0 1.2

South Dakota........................................................... 6 5 5 1.5 1.2 1.1

Tennessee.............................................................. 36 32 37 1.2 1.0 1.2

Texas.................................................................... 128 94 112 1.1 0.7 0.9

Utah..................................................................... 26 16 15 1.7 1.0 0.9

Vermont................................................................. 7 3 4 2.5 0.9 1.4

Virginia.................................................................. 30 44 40 0.8 1.1 1.0

Washington............................................................. 33 33 22 1.0 1.0 0.6

West Virginia........................................................... 7 7 8 1.0 1.1 1.1

Wisconsin............................................................... 34 22 21 1.2 0.8 0.7

Wyoming................................................................ 5 6 5 2.0 2.2 1.8

p Preliminary