Transmission of material in this release is embargoed until USDL-10-0394 

8:30 a.m. (EDT) Friday, April 2, 2010 

Technical information: 

Household data: (202) 691-6378 • cpsinfo@bls.gov • www.bls.gov/cps 

Establishment data: (202) 691-6555 • cesinfo@bls.gov • www.bls.gov/ces 

Media contact: (202) 691-5902 • PressOffice@bls.gov 

THE EMPLOYMENT SITUATION – MARCH 2010 

Nonfarm payroll employment increased by 162,000 in March, and the unemployment rate held at 

9.7 percent, the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today. Temporary help services and health care 

continued to add jobs over the month. Employment in federal government also rose, reflecting the hiring 

of temporary workers for Census 2010. Employment continued to decline in financial activities and in 

information. 

Household Survey Data 

In March, the number of unemployed persons was little changed at 15.0 million, and the unemployment rate remained at 9.7 percent. (See table A-1.) 

Among the major worker groups, the unemployment rates for adult men (10.0 percent), adult women 

(8.0 percent), teenagers (26.1 percent), whites (8.8 percent), blacks (16.5 percent), and Hispanics (12.6 

percent) showed little or no change in March. The jobless rate for Asians was 7.5 percent, not seasonally 

adjusted. (See tables A-1, A-2, and A-3.) 

-800

-600

-400

-200

0

200

400

600

M ar-08 Jun-08 Sep-08 Dec-08 M ar-09 Jun-09 Sep-09 Dec-09 M ar-10

Thousands

Chart 2. Nonfarm payroll employment over-the-month 

change, seasonally adjusted, March 2008 – March 2010

Percent

4.0

5.0

6.0

7.0

8.0

9.0

10.0

11.0

M ar-08 Jun-08 Sep-08 Dec-08 M ar-09 Jun-09 Sep-09 Dec-09 M ar-10

Chart 1. Unemployment rate, seasonally adjusted, 

March 2008 – March 2010
- 2 - 

The number of long-term unemployed (those jobless for 27 weeks and over) increased by 414,000 over 

the month to 6.5 million. In March, 44.1 percent of unemployed persons were jobless for 27 weeks or 

more. (See table A-12.) 

The civilian labor force participation rate (64.9 percent) and the employment-population ratio (58.6 

percent) continued to edge up in March. (See table A-1.) 

The number of persons working part time for economic reasons (sometimes referred to as involuntary 

part-time workers) increased to 9.1 million in March. These individuals were working part time because 

their hours had been cut back or because they were unable to find a full-time job. (See table A-8.) 

About 2.3 million persons were marginally attached to the labor force in March, compared with 2.1 

million a year earlier. (The data are not seasonally adjusted.) These individuals were not in the labor 

force, wanted and were available for work, and had looked for a job sometime in the prior 12 months. 

They were not counted as unemployed because they had not searched for work in the 4 weeks preceding 

the survey. (See table A-16.) 

Among the marginally attached, there were 1.0 million discouraged workers in March, up by 309,000 

from a year earlier. (The data are not seasonally adjusted.) Discouraged workers are persons not currently looking for work because they believe no jobs are available for them. The remaining 1.3 million 

persons marginally attached to the labor force had not searched for work in the 4 weeks preceding the 

survey for reasons such as school attendance or family responsibilities. (See table A-16.) 

Establishment Survey Data 

In March, nonfarm payroll employment rose by 162,000. Job growth continued in temporary help 

services and in health care. Federal government employment increased due to the hiring of temporary 

workers for Census 2010. Job losses continued in financial activities and in information. (See table B-1.) 

Temporary help services added 40,000 jobs in March. Since September 2009, temporary help services 

employment has risen by 313,000. 

Employment in health care continued to increase in March (27,000), with the largest gains occurring in 

ambulatory health care services (16,000) and in nursing and residential care facilities (9,000). 

In March, employment in mining increased by 8,000. Monthly job gains in mining have averaged 6,000 

over the past 5 months. 

Employment in federal government was up over the month, reflecting the hiring of 48,000 temporary 

workers for the decennial census. 

Manufacturing employment continued to trend up in March (17,000); the industry has added 45,000 

jobs in the first 3 months of 2010. Over the month, job gains were concentrated in fabricated metal products (9,000) and in machinery (6,000). 

Employment in construction held steady (15,000) in March. The industry had lost an average of 72,000 

jobs per month in the prior 12 months. 
- 3 - 

Over the month, employment changed little in transportation and warehousing, leisure and 

hospitality, retail trade, and wholesale trade. 

In March, financial activities shed 21,000 jobs, with the largest losses occurring in insurance carriers 

and related activities (-9,000). Employment in the information industry decreased by 12,000. 

The average workweek for all employees on private nonfarm payrolls was up by 0.1 hour to 34.0 

hours in March. The manufacturing workweek for all employees increased by 0.2 hour to 39.9 hours, 

and factory overtime was up by 0.1 hour over the month. In March, the average workweek for production and nonsupervisory employees on private nonfarm payrolls increased by 0.2 hour to 33.3 

hours. (See tables B-2 and B-7.) 

In March, average hourly earnings of all employees on private nonfarm payrolls fell by 2 cents, or 

0.1 percent, to $22.47, following a 4-cent gain in February. Over the past 12 months, average hourly 

earnings have risen by 1.8 percent. In March, average hourly earnings of private production and 

nonsupervisory employees fell by 2 cents, or 0.1 percent, to $18.90. (See tables B-3 and B-8.) 

The change in total nonfarm payroll employment for January was revised from -26,000 to +14,000, and 

the change for February was revised from -36,000 to -14,000. 

The Employment Situation for April is scheduled to be released on Friday, May 7, 2010, 

at 8:30 a.m. (EDT).
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Summary table A. Household data, seasonally adjusted

[Numbers in thousands]

Category Mar.

2009

Jan.

2010

Feb.

2010

Mar.

2010

Change from:

Feb. 2010-

Mar. 2010

Employment status

Civilian noninstitutional population............................................ 235,086 236,832 236,998 237,159 161

Civilian labor force............................................................ 154,164 153,170 153,512 153,910 398

Participation rate........................................................... 65.6 64.7 64.8 64.9 0.1

Employed.................................................................... 140,854 138,333 138,641 138,905 264

Employment-population ratio........................................... 59.9 58.4 58.5 58.6 0.1

Unemployed................................................................. 13,310 14,837 14,871 15,005 134

Unemployment rate..................................................... 8.6 9.7 9.7 9.7 0.0

Not in labor force............................................................. 80,922 83,663 83,487 83,249 -238

Unemployment rates

Total, 16 years and over....................................................... 8.6 9.7 9.7 9.7 0.0

Adult men (20 years and over).............................................. 8.9 10.0 10.0 10.0 0.0

Adult women (20 years and over).......................................... 7.1 7.9 8.0 8.0 0.0

Teenagers (16 to 19 years)................................................. 22.0 26.4 25.0 26.1 1.1

White........................................................................... 8.0 8.7 8.8 8.8 0.0

Black or African American................................................... 13.5 16.5 15.8 16.5 0.7

Asian (not seasonally adjusted)............................................. 6.4 8.4 8.4 7.5 –

Hispanic or Latino ethnicity.................................................. 11.6 12.6 12.4 12.6 0.2

Total, 25 years and over....................................................... 7.3 8.2 8.3 8.3 0.0

Less than a high school diploma........................................... 13.8 15.2 15.6 14.5 -1.1

High school graduates, no college......................................... 9.1 10.1 10.5 10.8 0.3

Some college or associate degree......................................... 7.3 8.5 8.0 8.2 0.2

Bachelor’s degree and higher............................................... 4.4 4.9 5.0 4.9 -0.1

Reason for unemployment

Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs................... 8,434 9,323 9,550 9,354 -196

Job leavers....................................................................... 884 914 866 894 28

Reentrants........................................................................ 3,017 3,585 3,451 3,544 93

New entrants..................................................................... 881 1,235 1,238 1,197 -41

Duration of unemployment

Less than 5 weeks.............................................................. 3,314 3,008 2,748 2,646 -102

5 to 14 weeks.................................................................... 4,032 3,362 3,412 3,228 -184

15 to 26 weeks.................................................................. 2,574 2,632 2,696 2,436 -260

27 weeks and over.............................................................. 3,241 6,313 6,133 6,547 414

Employed persons at work part time

Part time for economic reasons............................................... 9,023 8,316 8,791 9,054 263

Slack work or business conditions.......................................... 6,839 5,873 6,185 6,177 -8

Could only find part-time work.............................................. 1,847 2,295 2,212 2,388 176

Part time for noneconomic reasons........................................... 18,829 18,563 18,360 18,379 19

Persons not in the labor force (not seasonally adjusted)

Marginally attached to the labor force........................................ 2,106 2,539 2,527 2,255 –

Discouraged workers......................................................... 685 1,065 1,204 994 –

- Over-the-month changes are not displayed for not seasonally adjusted data.

NOTE: Persons whose ethnicity is identified as Hispanic or Latino may be of any race. Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not

necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with

the release of January data.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Summary table B. Establishment data, seasonally adjusted

Category Mar.

2009

Jan.

2010

Feb.

2010p

Mar.

2010p

EMPLOYMENT BY SELECTED INDUSTRY

(Over-the-month change, in thousands)

Total nonfarm. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -753 14 -14 162

Total private. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -744 16 8 123

Goods-producing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -326 -30 -47 41

Mining and logging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -19 8 6 9

Construction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -142 -60 -59 15

Manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -165 22 6 17

Durable goods1

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -122 26 3 21

Motor vehicles and parts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -10.8 26.6 -10.0 2.5

Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -43 -4 3 -4

Private service-providing1

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -418 46 55 82

Wholesale trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -38.4 -7.7 3.6 9.0

Retail trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -87.4 49.1 8.3 14.9

Transportation and warehousing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -29.4 -29.3 -9.2 7.8

Information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -12 -3 -7 -12

Financial activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -42 -22 -15 -21

Professional and business services1

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -146 23 40 11

Temporary help services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -61.3 49.2 36.7 40.2

Education and health services1

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 20 27 45

Health care and social assistance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16.5 15.7 19.2 36.7

Leisure and hospitality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -46 12 16 22

Other services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -26 3 -9 6

Government. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -9 -2 -22 39

WOMEN AND PRODUCTION AND NONSUPERVISORY EMPLOYEES

AS A PERCENT OF ALL EMPLOYEES2

Total nonfarm women employees. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49.7 49.9 49.9 49.9

Total private women employees. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48.2 48.4 48.4 48.4

Total private production and nonsupervisory employees. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82.4 82.4 82.4 82.5

HOURS AND EARNINGS

ALL EMPLOYEES

Total private

Average weekly hours. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34.0 34.0 33.9 34.0

Average hourly earnings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 22.08 $ 22.45 $ 22.49 $ 22.47

Average weekly earnings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 750.72 $763.30 $762.41 $763.98

Index of aggregate weekly hours (2007=100)3

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93.3 91.3 91.0 91.4

Over-the-month percent change. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -1.0 0.7 -0.3 0.4

Index of aggregate weekly payrolls (2007=100)4

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98.2 97.7 97.6 97.9

Over-the-month percent change. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -0.9 0.9 -0.1 0.3

HOURS AND EARNINGS

PRODUCTION AND NONSUPERVISORY EMPLOYEES

Total private

Average weekly hours. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33.1 33.3 33.1 33.3

Average hourly earnings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 18.52 $ 18.90 $ 18.92 $ 18.90

Average weekly earnings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 613.01 $629.37 $626.25 $629.37

Index of aggregate weekly hours (2002=100)3

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99.8 98.2 97.7 98.4

Over-the-month percent change. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -1.0 0.3 -0.5 0.7

Index of aggregate weekly payrolls (2002=100)4

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123.5 124.1 123.5 124.3

Over-the-month percent change. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -0.7 0.6 -0.5 0.6

DIFFUSION INDEX

(Over 1-month span)5

Total private. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16.5 48.9 50.0 60.0

Manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.1 42.7 54.3 58.5

1 Includes other industries, not shown separately.

2 Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in the service-providing

industries.

3 The indexes of aggregate weekly hours are calculated by dividing the current month’s estimates of aggregate hours by the corresponding annual average aggregate hours.

4 The indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls are calculated by dividing the current month’s estimates of aggregate weekly payrolls by the corresponding annual average

aggregate weekly payrolls.

5 Figures are the percent of industries with employment increasing plus one-half of the industries with unchanged employment, where 50 percent indicates an equal balance

between industries with increasing and decreasing employment.

p = preliminary.
Frequently Asked Questions about Employment and Unemployment Estimates

Why are there two monthly measures of employment? 

The household survey and establishment survey both produce sample-based estimates of employment 

and both have strengths and limitations. The establishment survey employment series has a smaller 

margin of error on the measurement of month-to-month change than the household survey because of its 

much larger sample size. An over-the-month employment change of about 100,000 is statistically 

significant in the establishment survey, while the threshold for a statistically significant change in the 

household survey is about 400,000. However, the household survey has a more expansive scope than the 

establishment survey because it includes the self-employed, unpaid family workers, agricultural 

workers, and private household workers, who are excluded by the establishment survey. The household 

survey also provides estimates of employment for demographic groups.

Are undocumented immigrants counted in the surveys?

It is likely that both surveys include at least some undocumented immigrants. However, neither the 

establishment nor the household survey is designed to identify the legal status of workers. Therefore, it 

is not possible to determine how many are counted in either survey. The establishment survey does not 

collect data on the legal status of workers. The household survey does include questions which identify 

the foreign and native born, but it does not include questions about the legal status of the foreign born. 

Why does the establishment survey have revisions? 

The establishment survey revises published estimates to improve its data series by incorporating 

additional information that was not available at the time of the initial publication of the estimates. 

The establishment survey revises its initial monthly estimates twice, in the immediately succeeding 

2 months, to incorporate additional sample receipts from respondents in the survey and recalculated 

seasonal adjustment factors. For more information on the monthly revisions, please visit 

www.bls.gov/ces/cesrevinfo.htm. 

On an annual basis, the establishment survey incorporates a benchmark revision that re-anchors 

estimates to nearly complete employment counts available from unemployment insurance tax records.

The benchmark helps to control for sampling and modeling errors in the estimates. For more information on the annual benchmark revision, please visit www.bls.gov/web/cesbmart.htm. 

Does the establishment survey sample include small firms?

Yes; about 40 percent of the establishment survey sample is comprised of business establishments with 

fewer than 20 employees. The establishment survey sample is designed to maximize the reliability of the 

total nonfarm employment estimate; firms from all size classes and industries are appropriately sampled 

to achieve that goal. 

Does the establishment survey account for employment from new businesses?

Yes; monthly establishment survey estimates include an adjustment to account for the net employment 

change generated by business births and deaths. The adjustment comes from an econometric model that 

forecasts the monthly net jobs impact of business births and deaths based on the actual past values of the 

net impact that can be observed with a lag from the Quarterly Census of Employment and Wages. The 

establishment survey uses modeling rather than sampling for this purpose because the survey is not 
immediately able to bring new businesses into the sample. There is an unavoidable lag between the birth 

of a new firm and its appearance on the sampling frame and availability for selection. BLS adds new 

businesses to the survey twice a year. 

Is the count of unemployed persons limited to just those people receiving unemployment insurance 

benefits? 

No; the estimate of unemployment is based on a monthly sample survey of households. All persons who 

are without jobs and are actively seeking and available to work are included among the unemployed. 

(People on temporary layoff are included even if they do not actively seek work.) There is no requirement 

or question relating to unemployment insurance benefits in the monthly survey. 

Does the official unemployment rate exclude people who have stopped looking for work? 

Yes; however, there are separate estimates of persons outside the labor force who want a job, including 

those who have stopped looking because they believe no jobs are available (discouraged workers). In 

addition, alternative measures of labor underutilization (discouraged workers and other groups not 

officially counted as unemployed) are published each month in The Employment Situation news release. 
Technical Note 

This news release presents statistics from two major 

surveys, the Current Population Survey (household survey) 

and the Current Employment Statistics survey (establishment survey). The household survey provides information on the labor force, employment, and unemployment 

that appears in the "A" tables, marked HOUSEHOLD 

DATA. It is a sample survey of about 60,000 households 

conducted by the U.S. Census Bureau for the U.S. Bureau 

of Labor Statistics (BLS). 

The establishment survey provides information on 

employment, hours, and earnings of employees on nonfarm payrolls; the data appear in the "B" tables, marked 

ESTABLISHMENT DATA. BLS collects these data each 

month from the payroll records of a sample of nonagricultural business establishments. The sample includes about 

140,000 businesses and government agencies representing 

approximately 410,000 worksites and is drawn from a sampling frame of roughly 8.9 million unemployment insurance 

tax accounts. The active sample includes approximately 

one-third of all nonfarm payroll employees. 

For both surveys, the data for a given month relate to a 

particular week or pay period. In the household survey, the 

reference period is generally the calendar week that 

contains the 12th day of the month. In the establishment 

survey, the reference period is the pay period including the 

12th, which may or may not correspond directly to the 

calendar week. 

Coverage, definitions, and differences between 

surveys 

Household survey. The sample is selected to reflect 

the entire civilian noninstitutional population. Based on 

responses to a series of questions on work and job search 

activities, each person 16 years and over in a sample 

household is classified as employed, unemployed, or not in 

the labor force. 

People are classified as employed if they did any work 

at all as paid employees during the reference week; worked 

in their own business, profession, or on their own farm; or 

worked without pay at least 15 hours in a family business or 

farm. People are also counted as employed if they were 

temporarily absent from their jobs because of illness, bad 

weather, vacation, labor-management disputes, or personal 

reasons. 

People are classified as unemployed if they meet all of 

the following criteria: they had no employment during the 

reference week; they were available for work at that time; 

and they made specific efforts to find employment 

sometime during the 4-week period ending with the 

reference week. Persons laid off from a job and expecting 

recall need not be looking for work to be counted as 

unemployed. The unemployment data derived from the 

household survey in no way depend upon the eligibility for 

or receipt of unemployment insurance benefits. 

The civilian labor force is the sum of employed and 

unemployed persons. Those not classified as employed or 

unemployed are not in the labor force. The unemployment 

rate is the number unemployed as a percent of the labor 

force. The labor force participation rate is the labor force 

as a percent of the population, and the employment-population ratio is the employed as a percent of the population. 

Additional information about the household survey can be 

found at www.bls.gov/cps/documentation.htm. 

Establishment survey. The sample establishments are 

drawn from private nonfarm businesses such as factories, 

offices, and stores, as well as from federal, state, and local 

government entities. Employees on nonfarm payrolls are 

those who received pay for any part of the reference pay 

period, including persons on paid leave. Persons are 

counted in each job they hold. Hours and earnings data are 

produced for the private sector for all employees and for 

production and nonsupervisory employees. Production and 

nonsupervisory employees are defined as production and 

related employees in manufacturing and mining and 

logging, construction workers in construction, and nonsupervisory employees in private service-providing industries. 

Industries are classified on the basis of an establishment's principal activity in accordance with the 2007 

version of the North American Industry Classification 

System. Additional information about the establishment 

survey can be found at www.bls.gov/ces/#technical. 

Differences in employment estimates. The numerous conceptual and methodological differences between 

the household and establishment surveys result in important distinctions in the employment estimates derived from 

the surveys. Among these are: 

 The household survey includes agricultural 

workers, the self-employed, unpaid family 

workers, and private household workers among the 

employed. These groups are excluded from the 

establishment survey. 

 The household survey includes people on unpaid 

leave among the employed. The establishment 

survey does not. 

 The household survey is limited to workers 16 

years of age and older. The establishment survey is 

not limited by age. 

 The household survey has no duplication of 

individuals, because individuals are counted only 

once, even if they hold more than one job. In the 

establishment survey, employees working at more 

than one job and thus appearing on more than one 

payroll are counted separately for each appearance. 
Seasonal adjustment 

Over the course of a year, the size of the nation's labor 

force and the levels of employment and unemployment 

undergo regularly occurring fluctuations. These events may 

result from seasonal changes in weather, major holidays, 

and the opening and closing of schools. The effect of such 

seasonal variation can be very large. 

Because these seasonal events follow a more or less 

regular pattern each year, their influence on the level of a 

series can be tempered by adjusting for regular seasonal 

variation. These adjustments make nonseasonal 

developments, such as declines in employment or increases 

in the participation of women in the labor force, easier to 

spot. For example, in the household survey, the large 

number of youth entering the labor force each June is likely 

to obscure any other changes that have taken place relative 

to May, making it difficult to determine if the level of 

economic activity has risen or declined. Similarly, in the 

establishment survey, payroll employment in education 

declines by about 20 percent at the end of the spring term 

and later rises with the start of the fall term, obscuring the 

underlying employment trends in the industry. Because 

seasonal employment changes at the end and beginning of 

the school year can be estimated, the statistics can be 

adjusted to make underlying employment patterns more 

discernable. The seasonally adjusted figures provide a 

more useful tool with which to analyze changes in monthto-month economic activity. 

Many seasonally adjusted series are independently 

adjusted in both the household and establishment surveys. 

However, the adjusted series for many major estimates, 

such as total payroll employment, employment in most 

major sectors, total employment, and unemployment are 

computed by aggregating independently adjusted 

component series. For example, total unemployment is 

derived by summing the adjusted series for four major agesex components; this differs from the unemployment 

estimate that would be obtained by directly adjusting the 

total or by combining the duration, reasons, or more 

detailed age categories. 

For both the household and establishment surveys, a 

concurrent seasonal adjustment methodology is used in 

which new seasonal factors are calculated each month using 

all relevant data, up to and including the data for the current 

month. In the household survey, new seasonal factors are 

used to adjust only the current month's data. In the 

establishment survey, however, new seasonal factors are 

used each month to adjust the three most recent monthly 

estimates. The prior 2 months are routinely revised to 

incorporate additional sample reports and recalculated 

seasonal adjustment factors. In both surveys, 5-year 

revisions to historical data are made once a year. 

Reliability of the estimates 

Statistics based on the household and establishment 

surveys are subject to both sampling and nonsampling 

error. When a sample rather than the entire population is 

surveyed, there is a chance that the sample estimates may 

differ from the "true" population values they represent. The 

exact difference, or sampling error, varies depending on the 

particular sample selected, and this variability is measured 

by the standard error of the estimate. There is about a 90-

percent chance, or level of confidence, that an estimate 

based on a sample will differ by no more than 1.6 standard 

errors from the "true" population value because of sampling 

error. BLS analyses are generally conducted at the 90-

percent level of confidence. 

For example, the confidence interval for the monthly 

change in total nonfarm employment from the 

establishment survey is on the order of plus or minus 

100,000. Suppose the estimate of nonfarm employment 

increases by 50,000 from one month to the next. The 90-

percent confidence interval on the monthly change would 

range from -50,000 to +150,000 (50,000 +/- 100,000). 

These figures do not mean that the sample results are off by 

these magnitudes, but rather that there is about a 90-percent 

chance that the "true" over-the-month change lies within 

this interval. Since this range includes values of less than 

zero, we could not say with confidence that nonfarm 

employment had, in fact, increased that month. If, however, 

the reported nonfarm employment rise was 250,000, then 

all of the values within the 90-percent confidence interval 

would be greater than zero. In this case, it is likely (at least 

a 90-percent chance) that nonfarm employment had, in fact, 

risen that month. At an unemployment rate of around 5.5 

percent, the 90-percent confidence interval for the monthly 

change in unemployment as measured by the household 

survey is about +/- 280,000, and for the monthly change in 

the unemployment rate it is about +/- 0.19 percentage point. 

In general, estimates involving many individuals or 

establishments have lower standard errors (relative to the 

size of the estimate) than estimates which are based on a 

small number of observations. The precision of estimates 

also is improved when the data are cumulated over time, 

such as for quarterly and annual averages. 

The household and establishment surveys are also 

affected by nonsampling error, which can occur for many 

reasons, including the failure to sample a segment of the 

population, inability to obtain information for all 

respondents in the sample, inability or unwillingness of 

respondents to provide correct information on a timely 

basis, mistakes made by respondents, and errors made in 

the collection or processing of the data. 

For example, in the establishment survey, estimates 

for the most recent 2 months are based on incomplete 

returns; for this reason, these estimates are labeled 

preliminary in the tables. It is only after two successive 

revisions to a monthly estimate, when nearly all sample 

reports have been received, that the estimate is considered 

final. 

Another major source of nonsampling error in the 

establishment survey is the inability to capture, on a timely 

basis, employment generated by new firms. To correct for 

this systematic underestimation of employment growth, an 

estimation procedure with two components is used to 
account for business births. The first component excludes 

employment losses from business deaths from samplebased estimation in order to offset the missing employment 

gains from business births. This is incorporated into the 

sample-based estimation procedure by simply not reflecting 

sample units going out of business, but imputing to them 

the same employment trend as the other firms in the 

sample. This procedure accounts for most of the net 

birth/death employment. 

The second component is an ARIMA time series 

model designed to estimate the residual net birth/death 

employment not accounted for by the imputation. The 

historical time series used to create and test the ARIMA 

model was derived from the unemployment insurance 

universe micro-level database, and reflects the actual 

residual net of births and deaths over the past 5 years. 

The sample-based estimates from the establishment 

survey are adjusted once a year (on a lagged basis) to 

universe counts of payroll employment obtained from 

administrative records of the unemployment insurance 

program. The difference between the March sample-based 

employment estimates and the March universe counts is 

known as a benchmark revision, and serves as a rough 

proxy for total survey error. The new benchmarks also 

incorporate changes in the classification of industries. Over 

the past decade, absolute benchmark revisions for total 

nonfarm employment have averaged 0.3 percent, with a 

range from -0.7 to 0.6 percent. 

Other information 

Information in this release will be made available to 

sensory impaired individuals upon request. Voice phone: 

(202) 691-5200; Federal Relay Service: (800) 877-8339.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-1. Employment status of the civilian population by sex and age

[Numbers in thousands]

Employment status, sex, and age

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted1

Mar.

2009

Feb.

2010

Mar.

2010

Mar.

2009

Nov.

2009

Dec.

2009

Jan.

2010

Feb.

2010

Mar.

2010

TOTAL

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 235,086 236,998 237,159 235,086 236,743 236,924 236,832 236,998 237,159

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 153,728 153,194 153,660 154,164 153,720 153,059 153,170 153,512 153,910

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65.4 64.6 64.8 65.6 64.9 64.6 64.7 64.8 64.9

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139,833 137,203 137,983 140,854 138,381 137,792 138,333 138,641 138,905

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59.5 57.9 58.2 59.9 58.5 58.2 58.4 58.5 58.6

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13,895 15,991 15,678 13,310 15,340 15,267 14,837 14,871 15,005

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.0 10.4 10.2 8.6 10.0 10.0 9.7 9.7 9.7

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81,358 83,804 83,499 80,922 83,022 83,865 83,663 83,487 83,249

Persons who currently want a job. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,535 6,086 5,719 5,830 6,043 6,306 5,965 6,170 6,044

Men, 16 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113,758 114,735 114,821 113,758 114,632 114,728 114,648 114,735 114,821

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81,839 81,488 81,949 81,924 81,964 81,454 81,290 81,496 81,895

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71.9 71.0 71.4 72.0 71.5 71.0 70.9 71.0 71.3

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73,195 71,566 72,253 74,072 72,794 72,499 72,516 72,813 73,092

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64.3 62.4 62.9 65.1 63.5 63.2 63.3 63.5 63.7

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8,644 9,923 9,696 7,852 9,171 8,955 8,774 8,683 8,803

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10.6 12.2 11.8 9.6 11.2 11.0 10.8 10.7 10.7

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31,919 33,247 32,872 31,834 32,667 33,274 33,358 33,239 32,926

Men, 20 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105,095 106,100 106,198 105,095 106,018 106,125 105,998 106,100 106,198

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78,826 78,678 79,059 78,680 78,901 78,402 78,225 78,471 78,796

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75.0 74.2 74.4 74.9 74.4 73.9 73.8 74.0 74.2

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70,984 69,606 70,238 71,667 70,662 70,391 70,390 70,623 70,913

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67.5 65.6 66.1 68.2 66.7 66.3 66.4 66.6 66.8

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7,842 9,072 8,821 7,013 8,239 8,011 7,835 7,848 7,882

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.9 11.5 11.2 8.9 10.4 10.2 10.0 10.0 10.0

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26,269 27,422 27,139 26,415 27,117 27,723 27,774 27,628 27,403

Women, 16 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121,328 122,263 122,339 121,328 122,111 122,197 122,185 122,263 122,339

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71,889 71,706 71,712 72,240 71,756 71,605 71,880 72,015 72,015

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59.3 58.6 58.6 59.5 58.8 58.6 58.8 58.9 58.9

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66,638 65,638 65,730 66,782 65,587 65,293 65,817 65,828 65,813

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54.9 53.7 53.7 55.0 53.7 53.4 53.9 53.8 53.8

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,251 6,068 5,982 5,458 6,169 6,312 6,064 6,187 6,203

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.3 8.5 8.3 7.6 8.6 8.8 8.4 8.6 8.6

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49,438 50,557 50,627 49,088 50,355 50,591 50,305 50,247 50,323

Women, 20 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112,908 113,886 113,974 112,908 113,737 113,832 113,796 113,886 113,974

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68,883 68,940 68,967 68,972 68,742 68,620 68,949 69,069 69,027

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61.0 60.5 60.5 61.1 60.4 60.3 60.6 60.6 60.6

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64,123 63,459 63,537 64,110 63,269 62,998 63,527 63,538 63,495

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56.8 55.7 55.7 56.8 55.6 55.3 55.8 55.8 55.7

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,760 5,481 5,430 4,863 5,473 5,622 5,422 5,531 5,532

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.9 8.0 7.9 7.1 8.0 8.2 7.9 8.0 8.0

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44,025 44,947 45,007 43,936 44,994 45,212 44,848 44,818 44,947

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17,083 17,012 16,987 17,083 16,988 16,967 17,038 17,012 16,987

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,019 5,577 5,635 6,512 6,077 6,037 5,996 5,972 6,087

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35.2 32.8 33.2 38.1 35.8 35.6 35.2 35.1 35.8

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,726 4,139 4,207 5,077 4,450 4,403 4,416 4,480 4,496

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27.7 24.3 24.8 29.7 26.2 25.9 25.9 26.3 26.5

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,293 1,438 1,427 1,435 1,627 1,634 1,580 1,491 1,591

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21.5 25.8 25.3 22.0 26.8 27.1 26.4 25.0 26.1

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11,064 11,436 11,352 10,571 10,911 10,930 11,041 11,041 10,899

1 The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns.

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-2. Employment status of the civilian population by race, sex, and age

[Numbers in thousands]

Employment status, race, sex, and age

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted1

Mar.

2009

Feb.

2010

Mar.

2010

Mar.

2009

Nov.

2009

Dec.

2009

Jan.

2010

Feb.

2010

Mar.

2010

WHITE

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 190,436 191,552 191,648 190,436 191,516 191,628 191,454 191,552 191,648

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125,433 124,790 124,950 125,659 125,258 124,605 124,579 124,847 125,054

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65.9 65.1 65.2 66.0 65.4 65.0 65.1 65.2 65.3

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114,831 112,712 113,339 115,663 113,669 113,339 113,797 113,865 114,108

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60.3 58.8 59.1 60.7 59.4 59.1 59.4 59.4 59.5

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10,602 12,079 11,611 9,996 11,589 11,266 10,782 10,982 10,945

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.5 9.7 9.3 8.0 9.3 9.0 8.7 8.8 8.8

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65,003 66,762 66,698 64,777 66,258 67,024 66,875 66,705 66,594

Men, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65,363 65,128 65,277 65,120 65,387 64,804 64,682 64,889 64,973

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75.5 74.7 74.8 75.3 75.0 74.3 74.3 74.4 74.5

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59,307 58,183 58,701 59,828 58,996 58,782 58,813 59,021 59,208

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68.5 66.7 67.3 69.2 67.7 67.4 67.5 67.7 67.9

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,056 6,945 6,576 5,292 6,390 6,022 5,869 5,868 5,765

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.3 10.7 10.1 8.1 9.8 9.3 9.1 9.0 8.9

Women, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54,997 55,087 55,033 55,086 54,908 54,822 55,017 55,061 55,104

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60.5 60.3 60.2 60.6 60.1 60.0 60.2 60.2 60.3

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51,462 51,032 51,079 51,489 50,852 50,753 51,248 51,048 51,103

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56.6 55.8 55.9 56.7 55.6 55.5 56.1 55.8 55.9

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,535 4,055 3,954 3,597 4,056 4,069 3,769 4,014 4,000

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.4 7.4 7.2 6.5 7.4 7.4 6.8 7.3 7.3

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,073 4,575 4,640 5,453 4,963 4,978 4,880 4,897 4,977

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38.8 35.2 35.8 41.7 38.2 38.4 37.5 37.7 38.4

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,062 3,497 3,559 4,346 3,820 3,804 3,736 3,797 3,797

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31.1 26.9 27.5 33.3 29.4 29.3 28.7 29.2 29.3

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,010 1,078 1,081 1,107 1,142 1,174 1,145 1,100 1,180

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19.9 23.6 23.3 20.3 23.0 23.6 23.5 22.5 23.7

BLACK OR AFRICAN AMERICAN

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28,118 28,559 28,591 28,118 28,404 28,437 28,526 28,559 28,591

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17,429 17,599 17,795 17,543 17,660 17,600 17,749 17,748 17,871

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62.0 61.6 62.2 62.4 62.2 61.9 62.2 62.1 62.5

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15,074 14,752 14,837 15,176 14,904 14,758 14,820 14,936 14,920

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53.6 51.7 51.9 54.0 52.5 51.9 52.0 52.3 52.2

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,355 2,847 2,957 2,367 2,757 2,843 2,929 2,812 2,951

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13.5 16.2 16.6 13.5 15.6 16.2 16.5 15.8 16.5

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10,689 10,960 10,796 10,575 10,744 10,837 10,777 10,811 10,720

Men, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7,850 7,971 8,124 7,915 7,915 7,907 7,970 7,985 8,134

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69.4 69.1 70.3 70.0 69.0 68.8 69.2 69.2 70.4

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,566 6,448 6,479 6,683 6,584 6,591 6,566 6,561 6,592

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58.0 55.9 56.1 59.1 57.4 57.4 57.0 56.9 57.0

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,284 1,523 1,645 1,232 1,331 1,316 1,405 1,424 1,542

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16.4 19.1 20.2 15.6 16.8 16.6 17.6 17.8 19.0

Women, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8,935 8,995 9,004 8,940 9,001 8,959 9,034 9,074 9,021

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63.3 62.7 62.7 63.3 63.1 62.7 63.1 63.3 62.8

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8,071 7,934 7,954 8,033 7,946 7,788 7,836 7,975 7,907

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57.2 55.3 55.4 56.9 55.7 54.5 54.7 55.6 55.1

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 864 1,062 1,050 907 1,055 1,171 1,198 1,099 1,115

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.7 11.8 11.7 10.1 11.7 13.1 13.3 12.1 12.4

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 644 633 666 689 743 734 745 689 716

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23.9 23.6 24.9 25.6 27.8 27.5 27.7 25.7 26.7

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 437 371 404 461 373 379 418 399 421

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16.2 13.8 15.1 17.1 14.0 14.2 15.6 14.9 15.7

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 207 262 262 228 370 356 326 290 294

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32.2 41.4 39.3 33.1 49.8 48.4 43.8 42.0 41.1

ASIAN

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10,778 11,020 11,089 – – – – – –

See footnotes at end of table.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-2. Employment status of the civilian population by race, sex, and age — Continued

[Numbers in thousands]

Employment status, race, sex, and age

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted1

Mar.

2009

Feb.

2010

Mar.

2010

Mar.

2009

Nov.

2009

Dec.

2009

Jan.

2010

Feb.

2010

Mar.

2010

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7,111 7,074 7,174 – – – – – –

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66.0 64.2 64.7 – – – – – –

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,656 6,483 6,633 – – – – – –

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61.8 58.8 59.8 – – – – – –

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 455 592 541 – – – – – –

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.4 8.4 7.5 – – – – – –

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,667 3,946 3,915 – – – – – –

1 The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns.

- Data not available.

NOTE: Estimates for the above race groups will not sum to totals shown in table A-1 because data are not presented for all races. Updated population controls are introduced

annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-3. Employment status of the Hispanic or Latino population by sex and age

[Numbers in thousands]

Employment status, sex, and age

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted1

Mar.

2009

Feb.

2010

Mar.

2010

Mar.

2009

Nov.

2009

Dec.

2009

Jan.

2010

Feb.

2010

Mar.

2010

HISPANIC OR LATINO ETHNICITY

Civilian noninstitutional population.................. 32,585 33,335 33,414 32,585 33,291 33,379 33,251 33,335 33,414

Civilian labor force................................. 22,188 22,582 22,656 22,236 22,564 22,404 22,578 22,648 22,707

Participation rate................................. 68.1 67.7 67.8 68.2 67.8 67.1 67.9 67.9 68.0

Employed......................................... 19,485 19,554 19,650 19,664 19,692 19,513 19,730 19,848 19,848

Employment-population ratio................ 59.8 58.7 58.8 60.3 59.2 58.5 59.3 59.5 59.4

Unemployed...................................... 2,703 3,027 3,006 2,571 2,872 2,891 2,848 2,800 2,859

Unemployment rate........................... 12.2 13.4 13.3 11.6 12.7 12.9 12.6 12.4 12.6

Not in labor force................................... 10,397 10,753 10,758 10,350 10,727 10,976 10,674 10,687 10,706

Men, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force................................. 12,648 12,863 12,857 – – – – – –

Participation rate................................. 83.4 83.0 82.7 – – – – – –

Employed......................................... 11,110 11,128 11,211 – – – – – –

Employment-population ratio................ 73.3 71.8 72.1 – – – – – –

Unemployed...................................... 1,538 1,735 1,647 – – – – – –

Unemployment rate........................... 12.2 13.5 12.8 – – – – – –

Women, 20 years and over

Civilian labor force................................. 8,567 8,743 8,763 – – – – – –

Participation rate................................. 59.8 59.9 59.9 – – – – – –

Employed......................................... 7,645 7,759 7,716 – – – – – –

Employment-population ratio................ 53.3 53.1 52.7 – – – – – –

Unemployed...................................... 922 984 1,047 – – – – – –

Unemployment rate........................... 10.8 11.3 12.0 – – – – – –

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

Civilian labor force................................. 974 976 1,035 – – – – – –

Participation rate................................. 31.4 30.2 32.0 – – – – – –

Employed......................................... 731 667 724 – – – – – –

Employment-population ratio................ 23.6 20.7 22.4 – – – – – –

Unemployed...................................... 243 308 311 – – – – – –

Unemployment rate........................... 24.9 31.6 30.1 – – – – – –

1 The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns.

- Data not available.

NOTE: Persons whose ethnicity is identified as Hispanic or Latino may be of any race. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release

of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-4. Employment status of the civilian population 25 years and over by educational attainment

[Numbers in thousands]

Educational attainment

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

Mar.

2009

Feb.

2010

Mar.

2010

Mar.

2009

Nov.

2009

Dec.

2009

Jan.

2010

Feb.

2010

Mar.

2010

Less than a high school diploma

Civilian labor force.................................... 12,102 11,415 11,803 12,051 12,003 11,977 11,835 11,518 11,775

Participation rate.................................... 46.1 45.8 46.2 45.9 46.3 45.6 45.4 46.2 46.1

Employed............................................ 10,220 9,369 9,889 10,390 10,202 10,144 10,033 9,722 10,067

Employment-population ratio................... 38.9 37.6 38.7 39.5 39.3 38.6 38.5 39.0 39.4

Unemployed......................................... 1,882 2,046 1,914 1,661 1,802 1,833 1,802 1,795 1,708

Unemployment rate.............................. 15.5 17.9 16.2 13.8 15.0 15.3 15.2 15.6 14.5

High school graduates, no college1

Civilian labor force.................................... 38,516 39,089 39,202 38,426 37,759 37,607 37,738 38,801 38,855

Participation rate.................................... 62.4 62.4 62.6 62.3 61.6 61.4 61.1 61.9 62.0

Employed............................................ 34,661 34,425 34,527 34,927 33,851 33,649 33,920 34,737 34,654

Employment-population ratio................... 56.2 54.9 55.1 56.6 55.2 55.0 54.9 55.4 55.3

Unemployed......................................... 3,854 4,664 4,674 3,498 3,908 3,958 3,818 4,064 4,201

Unemployment rate.............................. 10.0 11.9 11.9 9.1 10.4 10.5 10.1 10.5 10.8

Some college or associate degree

Civilian labor force.................................... 36,872 36,793 36,579 36,893 36,946 36,892 36,761 36,575 36,582

Participation rate.................................... 71.7 70.6 70.8 71.7 70.4 70.6 71.5 70.2 70.8

Employed............................................ 34,011 33,685 33,410 34,213 33,629 33,560 33,629 33,660 33,586

Employment-population ratio................... 66.1 64.7 64.7 66.5 64.1 64.2 65.4 64.6 65.0

Unemployed......................................... 2,861 3,108 3,170 2,681 3,318 3,332 3,132 2,915 2,996

Unemployment rate.............................. 7.8 8.4 8.7 7.3 9.0 9.0 8.5 8.0 8.2

Bachelor’s degree and higher2

Civilian labor force.................................... 45,304 45,598 45,742 45,317 45,992 45,994 45,939 45,694 45,800

Participation rate.................................... 77.9 76.8 77.1 77.9 77.4 77.3 77.0 77.0 77.2

Employed............................................ 43,377 43,313 43,570 43,328 43,743 43,707 43,704 43,418 43,549

Employment-population ratio................... 74.6 73.0 73.4 74.5 73.6 73.4 73.3 73.1 73.4

Unemployed......................................... 1,927 2,285 2,172 1,989 2,249 2,288 2,235 2,276 2,251

Unemployment rate.............................. 4.3 5.0 4.7 4.4 4.9 5.0 4.9 5.0 4.9

1 Includes persons with a high school diploma or equivalent.

2 Includes persons with bachelor’s, master’s, professional, and doctoral degrees.

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-5. Employment status of the civilian population 18 years and over by veteran status, period of service,

and sex, not seasonally adjusted

[Numbers in thousands]

Employment status, veteran status, and period of service

Total Men Women

Mar.

2009

Mar.

2010

Mar.

2009

Mar.

2010

Mar.

2009

Mar.

2010

VETERANS, 18 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22,293 22,124 20,542 20,342 1,751 1,782

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12,255 11,819 11,124 10,727 1,132 1,092

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55.0 53.4 54.2 52.7 64.6 61.3

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11,205 10,656 10,185 9,663 1,021 993

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50.3 48.2 49.6 47.5 58.3 55.7

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,050 1,163 939 1,064 111 99

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.6 9.8 8.4 9.9 9.8 9.1

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10,038 10,305 9,418 9,615 619 690

Gulf War-era II veterans

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,869 2,103 1,553 1,743 317 360

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,567 1,713 1,343 1,451 223 262

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83.8 81.4 86.5 83.3 70.5 72.7

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,399 1,461 1,210 1,236 189 225

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74.9 69.5 78.0 70.9 59.7 62.4

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 167 252 133 215 34 37

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10.7 14.7 9.9 14.8 15.4 14.2

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 302 390 209 292 93 98

Gulf War-era I veterans

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,849 2,996 2,428 2,545 421 451

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,484 2,608 2,138 2,272 347 336

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87.2 87.0 88.0 89.3 82.3 74.4

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,255 2,360 1,939 2,037 316 323

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79.2 78.8 79.8 80.1 75.2 71.6

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 229 248 199 235 30 13

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.2 9.5 9.3 10.3 8.7 3.8

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 365 388 290 273 74 115

World War II, Korean War, and Vietnam-era veterans

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11,526 11,113 11,137 10,743 388 370

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,501 4,014 4,369 3,904 131 110

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39.1 36.1 39.2 36.3 33.8 29.9

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,178 3,705 4,051 3,599 127 106

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36.3 33.3 36.4 33.5 32.7 28.7

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 323 309 318 305 4 4

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.2 7.7 7.3 7.8 3.3 3.8

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7,025 7,098 6,768 6,839 257 259

Veterans of other service periods

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,049 5,912 5,424 5,311 625 601

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,703 3,484 3,273 3,100 431 384

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61.2 58.9 60.3 58.4 68.9 63.9

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,373 3,130 2,984 2,791 388 339

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55.8 52.9 55.0 52.5 62.1 56.4

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 331 354 288 309 42 45

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.9 10.2 8.8 10.0 9.8 11.7

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,346 2,428 2,151 2,211 195 217

NONVETERANS, 18 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 203,841 206,214 88,664 89,984 115,176 116,230

Civilian labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139,418 140,085 69,713 70,338 69,706 69,747

Participation rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68.4 67.9 78.6 78.2 60.5 60.0

Employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 127,058 126,083 62,301 61,987 64,757 64,096

Employment-population ratio. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62.3 61.1 70.3 68.9 56.2 55.1

Unemployed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12,360 14,002 7,412 8,351 4,949 5,651

Unemployment rate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.9 10.0 10.6 11.9 7.1 8.1

Not in labor force. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64,422 66,129 18,952 19,646 45,471 46,483

NOTE: Veterans served on active duty in the U.S. Armed Forces and were not on active duty at the time of the survey. Nonveterans never served on active duty in the U.S.

Armed Forces. Veterans could have served anywhere in the world during these periods of service: Gulf War era II (September 2001-present), Gulf War era I (August 1990-August

2001), Vietnam era (August 1964-April 1975), Korean War (July 1950-January 1955), World War II (December 1941-December 1946), and other service periods (all other time

periods). Veterans who served in more than one wartime period are classified only in the most recent one. Veterans who served during one of the selected wartime periods and

another period are classified only in the wartime period. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-6. Employment status of the civilian population by sex, age, and disability status, not seasonally

adjusted

[Numbers in thousands]

Employment status, sex, and age

Persons with a disability Persons with no disability

Mar.

2009

Mar.

2010

Mar.

2009

Mar.

2010

TOTAL, 16 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population....................................................... 26,842 26,945 208,244 210,214

Civilian labor force...................................................................... 6,114 6,054 147,614 147,607

Participation rate...................................................................... 22.8 22.5 70.9 70.2

Employed.............................................................................. 5,312 5,215 134,521 132,767

Employment-population ratio..................................................... 19.8 19.4 64.6 63.2

Unemployed........................................................................... 802 839 13,093 14,839

Unemployment rate................................................................ 13.1 13.9 8.9 10.1

Not in labor force........................................................................ 20,728 20,891 60,630 62,608

Men, 16 to 64 years

Civilian labor force...................................................................... 2,769 2,835 75,523 75,455

Participation rate...................................................................... 37.9 38.7 83.8 83.1

Employed.............................................................................. 2,335 2,363 67,555 66,499

Employment-population ratio..................................................... 32.0 32.2 74.9 73.2

Unemployed........................................................................... 434 472 7,968 8,956

Unemployment rate................................................................ 15.7 16.6 10.6 11.9

Not in labor force........................................................................ 4,531 4,495 14,640 15,359

Women, 16 to 64 years

Civilian labor force...................................................................... 2,535 2,413 66,445 66,307

Participation rate...................................................................... 33.4 31.8 72.0 71.4

Employed.............................................................................. 2,206 2,115 61,683 60,814

Employment-population ratio..................................................... 29.1 27.8 66.9 65.4

Unemployed........................................................................... 330 298 4,762 5,493

Unemployment rate................................................................ 13.0 12.4 7.2 8.3

Not in labor force........................................................................ 5,050 5,183 25,811 26,614

Both sexes, 65 years and over

Civilian labor force...................................................................... 810 806 5,647 5,845

Participation rate...................................................................... 6.8 6.7 21.9 22.1

Employed.............................................................................. 771 737 5,284 5,455

Employment-population ratio..................................................... 6.4 6.1 20.5 20.6

Unemployed........................................................................... 38 69 363 390

Unemployment rate................................................................ 4.7 8.5 6.4 6.7

Not in labor force........................................................................ 11,147 11,213 20,179 20,635

NOTE: A person with a disability has at least one of the following conditions: is deaf or has serious difficulty hearing; is blind or has serious difficulty seeing

even when wearing glasses; has serious difficulty concentrating, remembering, or making decisions because of a physical, mental, or emotional condition;

has serious difficulty walking or climbing stairs; has difficulty dressing or bathing; or has difficulty doing errands alone such as visiting a doctor’s office or

shopping because of a physical, mental, or emotional condition. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-7. Employment status of the civilian population by nativity and sex, not seasonally adjusted

[Numbers in thousands]

Employment status and nativity

Total Men Women

Mar.

2009

Mar.

2010

Mar.

2009

Mar.

2010

Mar.

2009

Mar.

2010

Foreign born, 16 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population.................................... 34,675 34,991 17,176 17,428 17,499 17,564

Civilian labor force................................................... 23,529 23,855 13,811 14,093 9,718 9,762

Participation rate................................................... 67.9 68.2 80.4 80.9 55.5 55.6

Employed........................................................... 21,274 21,239 12,403 12,501 8,870 8,739

Employment-population ratio.................................. 61.4 60.7 72.2 71.7 50.7 49.8

Unemployed........................................................ 2,256 2,616 1,408 1,592 848 1,024

Unemployment rate............................................. 9.6 11.0 10.2 11.3 8.7 10.5

Not in labor force..................................................... 11,146 11,136 3,365 3,334 7,781 7,802

Native born, 16 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population.................................... 200,411 202,168 96,582 97,393 103,829 104,775

Civilian labor force................................................... 130,198 129,805 68,027 67,856 62,171 61,949

Participation rate................................................... 65.0 64.2 70.4 69.7 59.9 59.1

Employed........................................................... 118,559 116,743 60,792 59,752 57,767 56,991

Employment-population ratio.................................. 59.2 57.7 62.9 61.4 55.6 54.4

Unemployed........................................................ 11,639 13,062 7,236 8,104 4,404 4,958

Unemployment rate............................................. 8.9 10.1 10.6 11.9 7.1 8.0

Not in labor force..................................................... 70,212 72,363 28,555 29,537 41,657 42,825

NOTE: The foreign born are those residing in the United States who were not U.S. citizens at birth. That is, they were born outside the United States or

one of its outlying areas such as Puerto Rico or Guam, to parents neither of whom was a U.S. citizen. The native born are persons who were born in the

United States or one of its outlying areas such as Puerto Rico or Guam or who were born abroad of at least one parent who was a U.S. citizen. Updated

population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-8. Employed persons by class of worker and part-time status

[In thousands]

Category

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

Mar.

2009

Feb.

2010

Mar.

2010

Mar.

2009

Nov.

2009

Dec.

2009

Jan.

2010

Feb.

2010

Mar.

2010

CLASS OF WORKER

Agriculture and related industries................... 1,930 2,132 2,103 2,051 2,086 2,056 2,115 2,313 2,217

Wage and salary workers......................... 1,061 1,261 1,242 1,179 1,331 1,308 1,342 1,362 1,374

Self-employed workers............................ 847 849 835 874 752 755 781 908 851

Unpaid family workers............................. 22 22 26 – – – – – –

Nonagricultural industries............................ 137,903 135,071 135,880 138,830 136,357 135,717 136,276 136,398 136,715

Wage and salary workers......................... 128,782 126,091 127,009 129,544 127,160 126,539 127,269 127,261 127,712

Government...................................... 21,072 21,297 21,472 20,894 21,233 21,110 21,227 21,292 21,281

Private industries................................ 107,711 104,794 105,537 108,710 105,856 105,428 106,031 105,942 106,447

Private households............................ 738 666 733 – – – – – –

Other industries............................... 106,972 104,127 104,804 107,927 105,097 104,666 105,329 105,243 105,682

Self-employed workers............................ 9,063 8,900 8,797 9,190 9,111 9,135 9,007 9,029 8,949

Unpaid family workers............................. 57 80 74 – – – – – –

PERSONS AT WORK PART TIME1

All industries

Part time for economic reasons2................... 9,305 9,282 9,343 9,023 9,225 9,165 8,316 8,791 9,054

Slack work or business conditions............... 7,103 6,708 6,443 6,839 6,684 6,453 5,873 6,185 6,177

Could only find part-time work.................... 1,969 2,252 2,611 1,847 2,238 2,346 2,295 2,212 2,388

Part time for noneconomic reasons3

.............. 19,228 18,718 18,739 18,829 18,354 18,364 18,563 18,360 18,379

Nonagricultural industries

Part time for economic reasons2

................... 9,168 9,108 9,210 8,910 9,137 9,055 8,193 8,651 8,946

Slack work or business conditions............... 7,005 6,584 6,343 6,761 6,616 6,378 5,792 6,079 6,099

Could only find part-time work.................... 1,957 2,237 2,606 1,848 2,241 2,349 2,288 2,199 2,406

Part time for noneconomic reasons3

.............. 18,892 18,387 18,430 18,494 18,066 18,056 18,218 18,043 18,066

1 Refers to those who worked 1 to 34 hours during the survey reference week and excludes employed persons who were absent from their jobs for the

entire week.

2 Refers to those who worked 1 to 34 hours during the reference week for an economic reason such as slack work or unfavorable business conditions,

inability to find full-time work, or seasonal declines in demand.

3 Refers to persons who usually work part time for noneconomic reasons such as childcare problems, family or personal obligations, school or training,

retirement or Social Security limits on earnings, and other reasons. This excludes persons who usually work full time but worked only 1 to 34 hours during

the reference week for reasons such as vacations, holidays, illness, and bad weather.

- Data not available.

NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of

the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-9. Selected employment indicators

[Numbers in thousands]

Characteristic

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

Mar.

2009

Feb.

2010

Mar.

2010

Mar.

2009

Nov.

2009

Dec.

2009

Jan.

2010

Feb.

2010

Mar.

2010

AGE AND SEX

Total, 16 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139,833 137,203 137,983 140,854 138,381 137,792 138,333 138,641 138,905

16 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,726 4,139 4,207 5,077 4,450 4,403 4,416 4,480 4,496

16 to 17 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,569 1,301 1,243 1,755 1,409 1,425 1,484 1,456 1,402

18 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,157 2,838 2,964 3,300 3,036 2,987 2,938 3,043 3,093

20 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135,107 133,064 133,775 135,777 133,931 133,389 133,916 134,161 134,409

20 to 24 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12,838 12,273 12,380 13,053 12,446 12,389 12,435 12,539 12,601

25 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122,269 120,792 121,396 122,665 121,539 121,012 121,404 121,471 121,731

25 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95,268 93,348 93,620 95,709 94,318 93,791 94,004 94,001 94,053

25 to 34 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29,942 29,831 29,860 30,178 29,793 29,794 30,022 30,123 30,080

35 to 44 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31,654 30,375 30,623 31,805 31,031 30,744 30,683 30,560 30,730

45 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33,672 33,142 33,137 33,726 33,494 33,254 33,299 33,318 33,244

55 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27,000 27,444 27,776 26,956 27,221 27,221 27,399 27,470 27,678

Men, 16 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73,195 71,566 72,253 74,072 72,794 72,499 72,516 72,813 73,092

16 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,211 1,960 2,014 2,405 2,131 2,108 2,126 2,190 2,179

16 to 17 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 709 583 602 810 673 672 706 686 689

18 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,502 1,377 1,412 1,585 1,453 1,434 1,415 1,496 1,492

20 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70,984 69,606 70,238 71,667 70,662 70,391 70,390 70,623 70,913

20 to 24 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,478 6,116 6,248 6,654 6,301 6,234 6,211 6,282 6,410

25 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64,506 63,490 63,990 65,087 64,375 64,166 64,091 64,267 64,503

25 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50,369 49,198 49,510 50,901 50,090 49,921 49,807 49,868 50,003

25 to 34 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16,010 15,992 15,999 16,275 16,157 16,118 16,148 16,281 16,261

35 to 44 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16,909 16,218 16,475 17,077 16,719 16,629 16,479 16,404 16,593

45 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17,450 16,988 17,036 17,549 17,214 17,174 17,180 17,183 17,149

55 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14,137 14,292 14,481 14,187 14,285 14,245 14,284 14,399 14,500

Women, 16 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66,638 65,638 65,730 66,782 65,587 65,293 65,817 65,828 65,813

16 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,515 2,179 2,193 2,673 2,318 2,294 2,290 2,290 2,317

16 to 17 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 860 718 640 945 736 753 777 770 713

18 to 19 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,655 1,461 1,552 1,715 1,583 1,553 1,523 1,546 1,601

20 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64,123 63,459 63,537 64,110 63,269 62,998 63,527 63,538 63,495

20 to 24 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6,360 6,157 6,132 6,399 6,145 6,155 6,224 6,258 6,191

25 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57,763 57,302 57,405 57,578 57,164 56,846 57,313 57,204 57,229

25 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44,899 44,150 44,110 44,809 44,229 43,870 44,197 44,134 44,050

25 to 34 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13,932 13,839 13,861 13,903 13,637 13,676 13,874 13,843 13,819

35 to 44 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14,745 14,157 14,148 14,728 14,312 14,115 14,203 14,156 14,137

45 to 54 years. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16,223 16,154 16,101 16,178 16,280 16,080 16,119 16,135 16,094

55 years and over. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12,864 13,152 13,295 12,769 12,936 12,976 13,116 13,071 13,179

MARITAL STATUS

Married men, spouse present. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44,356 42,951 42,954 44,451 43,336 43,312 43,126 43,168 43,083

Married women, spouse present. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35,507 35,286 34,900 35,465 34,867 35,004 35,073 35,248 34,887

Women who maintain families. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8,749 8,445 8,688 – – – – – –

FULL- OR PART-TIME STATUS

Full-time workers1

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112,215 109,100 109,877 113,656 110,901 110,254 110,497 110,840 111,256

Part-time workers2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27,617 28,103 28,106 27,022 27,400 27,466 27,718 27,596 27,549

MULTIPLE JOBHOLDERS

Total multiple jobholders. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7,723 7,161 7,063 7,609 7,060 6,910 6,961 7,060 6,959

Percent of total employed. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.5 5.2 5.1 5.4 5.1 5.0 5.0 5.1 5.0

1 Employed full-time workers are persons who usually work 35 hours or more per week.

2 Employed part-time workers are persons who usually work less than 35 hours per week.

- Data not available.

NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Updated

population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-10. Selected unemployment indicators, seasonally adjusted

Characteristic

Number of

unemployed persons

(in thousands)

Unemployment rates

Mar.

2009

Feb.

2010

Mar.

2010

Mar.

2009

Nov.

2009

Dec.

2009

Jan.

2010

Feb.

2010

Mar.

2010

AGE AND SEX

Total, 16 years and over............................. 13,310 14,871 15,005 8.6 10.0 10.0 9.7 9.7 9.7

16 to 19 years...................................... 1,435 1,491 1,591 22.0 26.8 27.1 26.4 25.0 26.1

16 to 17 years.................................... 551 573 589 23.9 28.8 29.9 27.9 28.2 29.6

18 to 19 years.................................... 885 947 1,000 21.1 26.1 25.8 25.4 23.7 24.4

20 years and over.................................. 11,876 13,379 13,414 8.0 9.3 9.3 9.0 9.1 9.1

20 to 24 years.................................... 2,126 2,384 2,367 14.0 15.9 15.6 15.8 16.0 15.8

25 years and over............................... 9,729 11,004 11,043 7.3 8.5 8.5 8.2 8.3 8.3

25 to 54 years................................. 7,956 8,885 9,029 7.7 8.9 8.9 8.6 8.6 8.8

25 to 34 years.............................. 3,044 3,276 3,338 9.2 10.3 10.2 9.9 9.8 10.0

35 to 44 years.............................. 2,484 2,946 2,886 7.2 8.6 8.8 8.5 8.8 8.6

45 to 54 years.............................. 2,428 2,663 2,805 6.7 7.8 7.9 7.6 7.4 7.8

55 years and over............................. 1,786 2,107 2,039 6.2 7.1 7.2 6.8 7.1 6.9

Men, 16 years and over.............................. 7,852 8,683 8,803 9.6 11.2 11.0 10.8 10.7 10.7

16 to 19 years...................................... 840 835 920 25.9 30.4 30.9 30.6 27.6 29.7

16 to 17 years.................................... 318 300 308 28.2 30.5 33.1 30.8 30.4 30.9

18 to 19 years.................................... 523 563 612 24.8 30.5 30.2 30.3 27.3 29.1

20 years and over.................................. 7,013 7,848 7,882 8.9 10.4 10.2 10.0 10.0 10.0

20 to 24 years.................................... 1,314 1,440 1,442 16.5 18.3 18.4 19.2 18.7 18.4

25 years and over............................... 5,669 6,432 6,413 8.0 9.5 9.2 9.0 9.1 9.0

25 to 54 years................................. 4,696 5,222 5,252 8.4 10.0 9.6 9.4 9.5 9.5

25 to 34 years.............................. 1,874 1,968 2,045 10.3 11.2 11.0 10.8 10.8 11.2

35 to 44 years.............................. 1,450 1,709 1,593 7.8 9.3 8.9 9.0 9.4 8.8

45 to 54 years.............................. 1,372 1,545 1,614 7.3 9.5 9.0 8.5 8.2 8.6

55 years and over............................. 973 1,211 1,160 6.4 7.8 7.9 7.5 7.8 7.4

Women, 16 years and over.......................... 5,458 6,187 6,203 7.6 8.6 8.8 8.4 8.6 8.6

16 to 19 years...................................... 595 656 671 18.2 23.1 23.1 21.9 22.3 22.4

16 to 17 years.................................... 232 273 281 19.7 27.1 26.8 25.0 26.2 28.3

18 to 19 years.................................... 362 384 388 17.4 21.5 21.3 20.1 19.9 19.5

20 years and over.................................. 4,863 5,531 5,532 7.1 8.0 8.2 7.9 8.0 8.0

20 to 24 years.................................... 812 944 925 11.3 13.3 12.5 12.2 13.1 13.0

25 years and over............................... 4,059 4,572 4,631 6.6 7.3 7.6 7.3 7.4 7.5

25 to 54 years................................. 3,260 3,663 3,777 6.8 7.5 8.1 7.7 7.7 7.9

25 to 34 years.............................. 1,170 1,308 1,293 7.8 9.3 9.2 8.8 8.6 8.6

35 to 44 years.............................. 1,034 1,238 1,293 6.6 7.7 8.6 7.9 8.0 8.4

45 to 54 years.............................. 1,055 1,118 1,192 6.1 5.9 6.6 6.7 6.5 6.9

55 years and over1

........................... 789 911 841 5.8 6.2 5.8 6.1 6.5 6.0

MARITAL STATUS

Married men, spouse present....................... 2,823 3,149 3,097 6.0 7.5 7.3 6.6 6.8 6.7

Married women, spouse present.................... 2,056 2,278 2,242 5.5 5.7 5.8 5.8 6.1 6.0

Women who maintain families1

.................... 1,058 1,112 1,102 10.8 11.4 13.0 12.3 11.6 11.3

FULL- OR PART-TIME STATUS

Full-time workers2.................................... 11,623 13,053 13,079 9.3 11.0 10.9 10.4 10.5 10.5

Part-time workers3................................... 1,696 1,828 1,977 5.9 5.6 6.0 6.4 6.2 6.7

1 Not seasonally adjusted.

2 Full-time workers are unemployed persons who have expressed a desire to work full time (35 hours or more per week) or are on layoff from full-time jobs.

3 Part-time workers are unemployed persons who have expressed a desire to work part time (less than 35 hours per week) or are on layoff from part-time

jobs.

NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of

the various series. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-11. Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment

[Numbers in thousands]

Reason

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

Mar.

2009

Feb.

2010

Mar.

2010

Mar.

2009

Nov.

2009

Dec.

2009

Jan.

2010

Feb.

2010

Mar.

2010

NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED

Job losers and persons who completed

temporary jobs...................................... 9,315 10,664 10,311 8,434 9,965 9,701 9,323 9,550 9,354

On temporary layoff................................ 1,990 2,100 2,015 1,581 1,548 1,558 1,454 1,558 1,595

Not on temporary layoff............................ 7,325 8,564 8,296 6,853 8,418 8,143 7,869 7,992 7,758

Permanent job losers............................ 5,880 7,129 6,837 5,455 6,920 6,773 6,424 6,666 6,393

Persons who completed temporary jobs...... 1,445 1,435 1,459 1,364 1,439 1,448 1,445 1,326 1,366

Job leavers............................................. 850 874 856 884 929 932 914 866 894

Reentrants............................................. 2,984 3,449 3,521 3,017 3,221 3,334 3,585 3,451 3,544

New entrants.......................................... 747 1,005 991 881 1,270 1,270 1,235 1,238 1,197

PERCENT DISTRIBUTION

Job losers and persons who completed

temporary jobs...................................... 67.0 66.7 65.8 63.8 64.8 63.7 61.9 63.2 62.4

On temporary layoff................................ 14.3 13.1 12.9 12.0 10.1 10.2 9.7 10.3 10.6

Not on temporary layoff............................ 52.7 53.6 52.9 51.9 54.7 53.4 52.3 52.9 51.8

Job leavers............................................. 6.1 5.5 5.5 6.7 6.0 6.1 6.1 5.7 6.0

Reentrants............................................. 21.5 21.6 22.5 22.8 20.9 21.9 23.8 22.8 23.6

New entrants.......................................... 5.4 6.3 6.3 6.7 8.3 8.3 8.2 8.2 8.0

UNEMPLOYED AS A PERCENT OF THE

CIVILIAN LABOR FORCE

Job losers and persons who completed

temporary jobs...................................... 6.1 7.0 6.7 5.5 6.5 6.3 6.1 6.2 6.1

Job leavers............................................. 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6

Reentrants............................................. 1.9 2.3 2.3 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.2 2.3

New entrants.......................................... 0.5 0.7 0.6 0.6 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.8

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-12. Unemployed persons by duration of unemployment

[Numbers in thousands]

Duration

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

Mar.

2009

Feb.

2010

Mar.

2010

Mar.

2009

Nov.

2009

Dec.

2009

Jan.

2010

Feb.

2010

Mar.

2010

NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED

Less than 5 weeks.................................... 3,067 2,607 2,402 3,314 2,774 2,929 3,008 2,748 2,646

5 to 14 weeks......................................... 4,523 4,139 3,599 4,032 3,517 3,486 3,362 3,412 3,228

15 weeks and over.................................... 6,305 9,245 9,676 5,815 8,976 8,969 8,945 8,829 8,983

15 to 26 weeks..................................... 2,971 2,959 2,966 2,574 3,075 2,840 2,632 2,696 2,436

27 weeks and over................................. 3,334 6,286 6,711 3,241 5,901 6,130 6,313 6,133 6,547

Average (mean) duration, in weeks................ 21.2 29.3 32.1 20.8 28.6 29.1 30.2 29.7 31.2

Median duration, in weeks........................... 13.1 19.6 21.6 11.9 20.2 20.5 19.9 19.4 20.0

PERCENT DISTRIBUTION

Less than 5 weeks.................................... 22.1 16.3 15.3 25.2 18.2 19.0 19.6 18.3 17.8

5 to 14 weeks......................................... 32.5 25.9 23.0 30.6 23.0 22.7 22.0 22.8 21.7

15 weeks and over.................................... 45.4 57.8 61.7 44.2 58.8 58.3 58.4 58.9 60.5

15 to 26 weeks..................................... 21.4 18.5 18.9 19.6 20.1 18.5 17.2 18.0 16.4

27 weeks and over................................. 24.0 39.3 42.8 24.6 38.7 39.8 41.2 40.9 44.1

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-13. Employed and unemployed persons by occupation, not seasonally adjusted

[Numbers in thousands]

Occupation

Employed Unemployed Unemployment

rates

Mar.

2009

Mar.

2010

Mar.

2009

Mar.

2010

Mar.

2009

Mar.

2010

Total, 16 years and over1

............................................. 139,833 137,983 13,895 15,678 9.0 10.2

Management, professional, and related occupations............ 52,345 52,163 2,292 2,600 4.2 4.7

Management, business, and financial operations

occupations...................................................... 21,813 21,267 1,038 1,212 4.5 5.4

Professional and related occupations........................... 30,533 30,896 1,254 1,387 3.9 4.3

Service occupations.................................................. 24,074 24,229 2,495 2,770 9.4 10.3

Sales and office occupations....................................... 33,967 33,527 3,020 3,352 8.2 9.1

Sales and related occupations................................... 15,531 15,366 1,511 1,655 8.9 9.7

Office and administrative support occupations................. 18,436 18,161 1,509 1,697 7.6 8.5

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance

occupations......................................................... 13,223 12,758 2,727 3,028 17.1 19.2

Farming, fishing, and forestry occupations..................... 803 852 216 238 21.2 21.8

Construction and extraction occupations....................... 7,196 6,968 2,067 2,275 22.3 24.6

Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations............. 5,224 4,938 445 515 7.8 9.4

Production, transportation, and material moving

occupations......................................................... 16,223 15,305 2,585 2,888 13.7 15.9

Production occupations........................................... 7,647 7,544 1,343 1,449 14.9 16.1

Transportation and material moving occupations.............. 8,575 7,761 1,242 1,440 12.7 15.6

1 Persons with no previous work experience and persons whose last job was in the U.S. Armed Forces are included in the unemployed total.

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-14. Unemployed persons by industry and class of worker, not seasonally adjusted

Industry and class of worker

Number of

unemployed

persons

(in thousands)

Unemployment

rates

Mar.

2009

Mar.

2010

Mar.

2009

Mar.

2010

Total, 16 years and over1................................................................ 13,895 15,678 9.0 10.2

Nonagricultural private wage and salary workers................................... 11,685 12,901 9.8 10.9

Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction..................................... 105 73 12.6 10.1

Construction........................................................................... 1,979 2,251 21.1 24.9

Manufacturing......................................................................... 1,912 1,898 12.2 12.6

Durable goods...................................................................... 1,307 1,289 13.1 13.6

Nondurable goods................................................................. 605 608 10.6 10.7

Wholesale and retail trade.......................................................... 1,852 2,097 9.0 10.1

Transportation and utilities.......................................................... 558 569 9.0 9.7

Information............................................................................ 252 322 7.8 10.4

Financial activities.................................................................... 639 717 6.8 7.7

Professional and business services................................................ 1,597 1,785 11.4 12.4

Education and health services...................................................... 931 1,101 4.5 5.2

Leisure and hospitality............................................................... 1,484 1,571 11.6 12.5

Other services........................................................................ 377 517 6.0 8.4

Agriculture and related private wage and salary workers.......................... 241 266 19.0 18.0

Government workers.................................................................... 598 881 2.8 3.9

Self-employed and unpaid family workers........................................... 625 639 5.9 6.2

1 Persons with no previous work experience and persons whose last job was in the U.S. Armed Forces are included in the unemployed total.

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-15. Alternative measures of labor underutilization

[Percent]

Measure

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

Mar.

2009

Feb.

2010

Mar.

2010

Mar.

2009

Nov.

2009

Dec.

2009

Jan.

2010

Feb.

2010

Mar.

2010

U-1 Persons unemployed 15 weeks or longer, as

a percent of the civilian labor force.............. 4.1 6.0 6.3 3.8 5.8 5.9 5.8 5.8 5.8

U-2 Job losers and persons who completed

temporary jobs, as a percent of the civilian

labor force........................................... 6.1 7.0 6.7 5.5 6.5 6.3 6.1 6.2 6.1

U-3 Total unemployed, as a percent of the

civilian labor force (official unemployment

rate).................................................. 9.0 10.4 10.2 8.6 10.0 10.0 9.7 9.7 9.7

U-4 Total unemployed plus discouraged workers,

as a percent of the civilian labor force plus

discouraged workers............................... 9.4 11.1 10.8 9.0 10.5 10.5 10.3 10.4 10.3

U-5 Total unemployed, plus discouraged workers,

plus all other persons marginally attached to

the labor force, as a percent of the civilian

labor force plus all persons marginally attached

to the labor force................................... 10.3 11.9 11.5 9.9 11.3 11.4 11.2 11.1 11.1

U-6 Total unemployed, plus all persons

marginally attached to the labor force, plus

total employed part time for economic reasons,

as a percent of the civilian labor force plus all

persons marginally attached to the labor

force.................................................. 16.2 17.9 17.5 15.6 17.2 17.3 16.5 16.8 16.9

NOTE: Persons marginally attached to the labor force are those who currently are neither working nor looking for work but indicate that they want and are

available for a job and have looked for work sometime in the past 12 months. Discouraged workers, a subset of the marginally attached, have given a

job-market related reason for not currently looking for work. Persons employed part time for economic reasons are those who want and are available for

full-time work but have had to settle for a part-time schedule. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-16. Persons not in the labor force and multiple jobholders by sex, not seasonally adjusted

[Numbers in thousands]

Category

Total Men Women

Mar.

2009

Mar.

2010

Mar.

2009

Mar.

2010

Mar.

2009

Mar.

2010

NOT IN THE LABOR FORCE

Total not in the labor force............................................. 81,358 83,499 31,919 32,872 49,438 50,627

Persons who currently want a job.................................. 5,535 5,719 2,674 2,795 2,861 2,924

Marginally attached to the labor force1........................ 2,106 2,255 1,136 1,263 970 992

Discouraged workers2

......................................... 685 994 433 624 252 370

Other persons marginally attached to the labor force3. . .. 1,421 1,261 703 639 717 622

MULTIPLE JOBHOLDERS

Total multiple jobholders4............................................. 7,723 7,063 3,732 3,536 3,991 3,527

Percent of total employed........................................... 5.5 5.1 5.1 4.9 6.0 5.4

Primary job full time, secondary job part time.................... 4,204 3,821 2,234 2,110 1,970 1,712

Primary and secondary jobs both part time....................... 1,949 1,823 604 613 1,345 1,210

Primary and secondary jobs both full time........................ 242 258 158 174 84 84

Hours vary on primary or secondary job.......................... 1,277 1,126 698 618 579 508

1 Data refer to persons who want a job, have searched for work during the prior 12 months, and were available to take a job during the reference week,

but had not looked for work in the past 4 weeks.

2 Includes those who did not actively look for work in the prior 4 weeks for reasons such as thinks no work available, could not find work, lacks schooling

or training, employer thinks too young or old, and other types of discrimination.

3 Includes those who did not actively look for work in the prior 4 weeks for such reasons as school or family responsibilities, ill health, and transportation

problems, as well as a number for whom reason for nonparticipation was not determined.

4 Includes a small number of persons who work part time on their primary job and full time on their secondary job(s), not shown separately.

NOTE: Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-1. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and selected industry detail

[In thousands]

Industry

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

Mar.

2009

Jan.

2010

Feb.

2010p

Mar.

2010p

Mar.

2009

Jan.

2010

Feb.

2010p

Mar.

2010p

Change

from:

Feb.2010 -

Mar.2010p

Total nonfarm. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131,175 127,614 128,083 128,926 132,070 129,602 129,588 129,750 162

Total private. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 108,215 105,252 105,337 106,046 109,510 107,123 107,131 107,254 123

Goods-producing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18,776 17,375 17,272 17,447 19,233 17,876 17,829 17,870 41

Mining and logging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 714 669 676 687 728 684 690 699 9

Logging. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47.7 46.1 46.4 44.8 50.3 47.0 47.0 47.2 0.2

Mining. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 666.2 622.4 629.7 642.0 677.9 637.2 643.2 651.3 8.1

Oil and gas extraction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 161.4 161.3 160.7 161.6 162.8 160.9 161.5 162.9 1.4

Mining, except oil and gas1

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 207.9 198.1 199.4 205.0 217.3 209.3 211.0 213.1 2.1

Coal mining. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85.2 79.4 80.3 80.6 85.3 79.6 80.3 80.5 0.2

Support activities for mining. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 296.9 263.0 269.6 275.4 297.8 267.0 270.7 275.3 4.6

Construction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,950 5,252 5,152 5,276 6,293 5,636 5,577 5,592 15

Construction of buildings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,363.9 1,209.9 1,187.4 1,212.5 1,422.5 1,266.3 1,251.7 1,260.3 8.6

Residential building. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 638.0 560.1 551.3 557.7 671.8 592.7 586.0 585.2 -0.8

Nonresidential building. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 725.9 649.8 636.1 654.8 750.7 673.6 665.7 675.1 9.4

Heavy and civil engineering construction. . . . . . . 808.0 699.3 686.6 719.4 887.8 800.8 792.1 798.1 6.0

Specialty trade contractors. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,778.4 3,342.8 3,278.4 3,343.7 3,982.8 3,568.4 3,533.0 3,533.1 0.1

Residential specialty trade contractors. . . . . . . 1,588.3 1,450.2 1,437.5 1,448.8 1,690.1 1,557.6 1,552.1 1,542.8 -9.3

Nonresidential specialty trade contractors. . . . 2,190.1 1,892.6 1,840.9 1,894.9 2,292.7 2,010.8 1,980.9 1,990.3 9.4

Manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12,112 11,454 11,444 11,484 12,212 11,556 11,562 11,579 17

Durable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7,532 7,010 7,004 7,040 7,580 7,062 7,065 7,086 21

Wood products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 365.4 338.0 337.2 340.0 375.4 348.3 348.5 350.0 1.5

Nonmetallic mineral products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 393.9 365.4 363.5 368.2 407.1 382.2 382.3 380.6 -1.7

Primary metals. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 381.1 354.3 356.9 361.3 381.9 353.5 358.2 361.8 3.6

Fabricated metal products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,359.8 1,266.6 1,263.0 1,272.3 1,367.3 1,268.4 1,272.9 1,282.0 9.1

Machinery. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,074.7 973.4 975.7 980.9 1,079.3 975.6 979.5 985.4 5.9

Computer and electronic products1

. . . . . . . . . . 1,173.2 1,091.6 1,088.5 1,089.3 1,175.0 1,091.6 1,090.9 1,090.9 0.0

Computer and peripheral equipment. . . . . . . 174.7 158.7 157.2 157.5 174.8 158.2 157.8 157.4 -0.4

Communication equipment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122.7 119.2 119.5 118.9 123.0 118.1 118.6 119.2 0.6

Semiconductors and electronic

components. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 394.4 359.0 360.3 361.3 394.8 360.0 361.2 361.8 0.6

Electronic instruments. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 428.5 407.7 405.2 404.7 429.2 408.2 406.7 405.5 -1.2

Electrical equipment and appliances. . . . . . . . . 385.6 362.2 363.2 364.0 387.7 362.5 364.2 365.6 1.4

Transportation equipment1

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,407.4 1,330.6 1,327.8 1,335.6 1,408.3 1,343.6 1,332.9 1,335.4 2.5

Motor vehicles and parts2

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 703.6 666.5 666.9 672.2 702.8 678.8 668.8 671.3 2.5

Furniture and related products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 400.3 356.6 356.3 355.7 403.6 361.0 360.6 358.7 -1.9

Miscellaneous manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 590.8 571.5 572.2 572.5 594.5 575.1 575.2 575.1 -0.1

Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,580 4,444 4,440 4,444 4,632 4,494 4,497 4,493 -4

Food manufacturing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,422.5 1,423.9 1,423.2 1,429.4 1,451.1 1,450.6 1,455.2 1,457.8 2.6

Beverages and tobacco products. . . . . . . . . . . . 183.8 177.3 177.0 178.1 189.6 182.3 183.4 183.9 0.5

Textile mills. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 127.9 120.9 122.4 121.8 128.6 121.1 122.8 121.8 -1.0

Textile product mills. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 127.7 121.3 121.0 121.2 128.4 121.6 122.0 121.8 -0.2

Apparel. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 174.0 164.9 166.6 167.1 175.5 168.9 168.2 168.0 -0.2

Leather and allied products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29.8 28.4 28.4 28.4 30.0 28.5 28.7 28.5 -0.2

Paper and paper products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 412.2 396.8 396.6 392.7 415.6 397.2 398.0 395.4 -2.6

Printing and related support activities. . . . . . . . 538.7 497.6 496.3 493.3 541.0 499.6 499.3 495.2 -4.1

Petroleum and coal products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112.6 107.8 108.5 110.1 115.7 113.3 113.2 113.4 0.2

Chemicals. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 812.2 787.0 782.2 780.0 813.7 788.7 783.7 781.5 -2.2

Plastics and rubber products. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 638.2 617.7 617.6 622.0 643.2 622.4 622.2 625.9 3.7

Private service-providing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89,439 87,877 88,065 88,599 90,277 89,247 89,302 89,384 82

Trade, transportation, and utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24,873 24,465 24,280 24,426 25,174 24,666 24,669 24,700 31

Wholesale trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,638.4 5,506.9 5,506.5 5,535.4 5,671.9 5,556.3 5,559.9 5,568.9 9.0

Durable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,856.4 2,745.9 2,744.4 2,750.5 2,868.1 2,761.9 2,763.8 2,763.0 -0.8

Nondurable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,968.1 1,946.8 1,943.5 1,961.4 1,986.2 1,975.1 1,972.0 1,978.6 6.6

Electronic markets and agents and brokers.. . 813.9 814.2 818.6 823.5 817.6 819.3 824.1 827.3 3.2

Retail trade. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14,404.8 14,300.0 14,135.9 14,227.1 14,635.2 14,409.1 14,417.4 14,432.3 14.9

Motor vehicle and parts dealers1

. . . . . . . . . . . . 1,641.1 1,589.9 1,593.7 1,606.5 1,657.8 1,622.5 1,621.0 1,622.5 1.5

Automobile dealers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,029.0 999.1 1,001.3 1,006.6 1,036.6 1,013.6 1,012.8 1,013.5 0.7

Furniture and home furnishings stores. . . . . . . 451.9 444.0 435.1 433.1 461.6 439.8 441.3 441.9 0.6

See footnotes at end of table.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-1. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and selected industry detail

— Continued

[In thousands]

Industry

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

Mar.

2009

Jan.

2010

Feb.

2010p

Mar.

2010p

Mar.

2009

Jan.

2010

Feb.

2010p

Mar.

2010p

Change

from:

Feb.2010 -

Mar.2010p

Retail trade - Continued

Electronics and appliance stores. . . . . . . . . . . . . 484.6 487.8 478.2 478.0 489.6 481.0 481.8 481.0 -0.8

Building material and garden supply stores.. . 1,152.1 1,099.3 1,112.5 1,153.3 1,176.8 1,154.6 1,163.1 1,174.6 11.5

Food and beverage stores. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,813.5 2,801.4 2,776.4 2,779.0 2,839.6 2,813.3 2,804.9 2,804.2 -0.7

Health and personal care stores. . . . . . . . . . . . . 981.6 981.9 971.7 970.8 987.4 980.9 977.0 976.5 -0.5

Gasoline stations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 817.3 811.8 808.3 809.9 827.1 820.9 820.1 819.9 -0.2

Clothing and clothing accessories stores. . . . . 1,327.2 1,369.2 1,322.5 1,334.2 1,379.6 1,371.6 1,373.0 1,378.3 5.3

Sporting goods, hobby, book, and music

stores. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 605.1 621.7 603.5 591.2 623.7 608.8 611.9 609.2 -2.7

General merchandise stores1

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,945.0 2,918.3 2,863.0 2,907.7 2,976.1 2,927.8 2,934.5 2,933.9 -0.6

Department stores. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,445.8 1,482.8 1,439.3 1,448.0 1,479.1 1,471.0 1,477.1 1,476.5 -0.6

Miscellaneous store retailers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 770.7 759.0 762.2 752.7 791.6 772.6 772.0 771.2 -0.8

Nonstore retailers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 414.7 415.7 408.8 410.7 424.3 415.3 416.8 419.1 2.3

Transportation and warehousing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,267.4 4,100.6 4,082.0 4,106.9 4,303.6 4,142.5 4,133.3 4,141.1 7.8

Air transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 466.2 451.3 451.2 450.7 466.8 454.1 452.9 450.9 -2.0

Rail transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 224.1 212.8 213.1 213.9 225.0 213.2 213.6 214.2 0.6

Water transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63.0 61.4 58.7 59.6 65.6 62.9 62.3 62.3 0.0

Truck transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,268.4 1,201.6 1,194.6 1,204.9 1,293.4 1,232.1 1,229.1 1,229.7 0.6

Transit and ground passenger

transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 435.9 424.8 422.7 427.6 422.1 414.8 410.7 414.2 3.5

Pipeline transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41.7 40.9 40.6 40.6 41.9 41.0 40.9 40.9 0.0

Scenic and sightseeing transportation. . . . . . . . 20.9 20.6 20.5 21.6 27.0 27.5 27.5 27.6 0.1

Support activities for transportation. . . . . . . . . . . 556.3 533.7 532.9 535.0 560.7 538.2 535.5 538.6 3.1

Couriers and messengers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 546.7 521.8 517.7 515.9 551.2 523.8 522.8 521.6 -1.2

Warehousing and storage. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 644.2 631.7 630.0 637.1 649.9 634.9 638.0 641.1 3.1

Utilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 561.9 557.6 556.0 556.1 563.3 558.5 558.0 557.7 -0.3

Information. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,860 2,719 2,734 2,727 2,861 2,745 2,738 2,726 -12

Publishing industries, except Internet. . . . . . . . . . . 819.0 766.4 761.6 760.6 820.4 770.8 763.5 761.4 -2.1

Motion picture and sound recording

industries. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 360.2 324.1 345.0 344.8 359.3 341.9 346.1 342.6 -3.5

Broadcasting, except Internet. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 306.5 293.8 294.7 296.2 307.4 295.2 296.1 296.7 0.6

Telecommunications. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 990.1 953.3 948.3 943.3 989.4 951.9 946.8 943.0 -3.8

Data processing, hosting and related

services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 250.8 246.1 248.1 247.5 250.2 249.7 249.6 247.3 -2.3

Other information services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133.8 135.6 136.0 135.0 133.9 135.8 135.7 135.2 -0.5

Financial activities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7,814 7,592 7,581 7,564 7,852 7,635 7,620 7,599 -21

Finance and insurance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,825.6 5,669.5 5,662.3 5,646.8 5,827.9 5,677.0 5,663.7 5,646.6 -17.1

Monetary authorities - central bank. . . . . . . . . . . 21.4 21.1 21.1 21.2 21.5 21.2 21.2 21.2 0.0

Credit intermediation and related

activities1

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,624.3 2,564.7 2,568.2 2,562.4 2,625.0 2,565.5 2,565.4 2,560.9 -4.5

Depository credit intermediation1

. . . . . . . . . . 1,766.0 1,749.9 1,748.1 1,747.0 1,769.6 1,748.5 1,749.3 1,750.3 1.0

Commercial banking. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,323.9 1,311.8 1,310.4 1,309.2 1,326.0 1,310.1 1,310.9 1,311.1 0.2

Securities, commodity contracts,

investments. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 826.2 792.7 789.9 787.1 825.7 792.6 789.5 786.4 -3.1

Insurance carriers and related activities. . . . . . 2,265.2 2,204.9 2,198.6 2,191.8 2,267.3 2,212.1 2,202.8 2,193.6 -9.2

Funds, trusts, and other financial vehicles. . . 88.5 86.1 84.5 84.3 88.4 85.6 84.8 84.5 -0.3

Real estate and rental and leasing. . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,988.4 1,922.2 1,918.7 1,917.0 2,024.2 1,958.3 1,956.1 1,951.9 -4.2

Real estate. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,411.5 1,376.4 1,375.8 1,370.2 1,432.3 1,399.4 1,397.7 1,391.6 -6.1

Rental and leasing services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 550.4 521.0 518.3 522.2 565.0 533.7 533.5 535.3 1.8

Lessors of nonfinancial intangible assets. . . . . 26.5 24.8 24.6 24.6 26.9 25.2 24.9 25.0 0.1

Professional and business services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16,554 16,220 16,284 16,350 16,774 16,511 16,551 16,562 11

Professional and technical services1

. . . . . . . . . . . 7,651.5 7,456.8 7,500.4 7,468.0 7,583.7 7,417.7 7,416.1 7,403.6 -12.5

Legal services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,131.4 1,096.0 1,099.2 1,101.5 1,136.5 1,105.0 1,105.7 1,105.2 -0.5

Accounting and bookkeeping services. . . . . . . 1,040.9 1,024.9 1,057.9 1,020.8 925.7 919.0 915.1 908.7 -6.4

Architectural and engineering services. . . . . . . 1,338.9 1,266.3 1,262.1 1,263.7 1,358.6 1,283.7 1,281.9 1,281.7 -0.2

Computer systems design and related

services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,417.2 1,431.5 1,435.8 1,426.2 1,423.0 1,433.4 1,438.3 1,432.5 -5.8

Management and technical consulting

services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 983.7 972.9 973.7 974.9 991.5 986.3 984.9 986.0 1.1

Management of companies and enterprises. . . . 1,881.5 1,813.2 1,811.8 1,816.9 1,885.5 1,819.2 1,818.6 1,817.7 -0.9

Administrative and waste services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7,020.6 6,950.2 6,971.7 7,065.1 7,304.4 7,273.6 7,316.5 7,340.8 24.3

See footnotes at end of table.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-1. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and selected industry detail

— Continued

[In thousands]

Industry

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

Mar.

2009

Jan.

2010

Feb.

2010p

Mar.

2010p

Mar.

2009

Jan.

2010

Feb.

2010p

Mar.

2010p

Change

from:

Feb.2010 -

Mar.2010p

Administrative and waste services - Continued

Administrative and support services1

. . . . . . . . 6,678.3 6,608.8 6,633.2 6,723.9 6,955.7 6,927.0 6,969.3 6,992.5 23.2

Employment services1

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,412.1 2,479.9 2,510.1 2,578.7 2,554.5 2,629.3 2,669.8 2,712.4 42.6

Temporary help services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,753.9 1,846.4 1,866.8 1,927.0 1,871.2 1,960.2 1,996.9 2,037.1 40.2

Business support services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 833.4 802.4 798.7 795.2 826.4 801.5 795.9 790.4 -5.5

Services to buildings and dwellings. . . . . . . . 1,634.1 1,558.3 1,560.5 1,575.6 1,763.9 1,710.9 1,716.4 1,701.5 -14.9

Waste management and remediation

services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 342.3 341.4 338.5 341.2 348.7 346.6 347.2 348.3 1.1

Education and health services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19,230 19,260 19,496 19,579 19,095 19,370 19,397 19,442 45

Educational services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,232.7 3,037.1 3,258.1 3,279.5 3,084.8 3,111.5 3,119.2 3,127.6 8.4

Health care and social assistance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15,997.6 16,222.8 16,237.8 16,299.3 16,010.4 16,258.2 16,277.4 16,314.1 36.7

Health care3

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13,438.6 13,618.5 13,623.4 13,663.4 13,468.4 13,654.0 13,668.1 13,694.9 26.8

Ambulatory health care services1. . . . . . . . . 5,717.9 5,837.3 5,843.4 5,863.9 5,731.7 5,855.0 5,862.7 5,878.2 15.5

Offices of physicians. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,260.4 2,307.0 2,305.2 2,310.2 2,266.2 2,309.7 2,311.4 2,315.4 4.0

Outpatient care centers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 539.4 543.7 543.9 544.5 539.7 544.7 544.8 545.5 0.7

Home health care services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,003.0 1,045.4 1,045.3 1,053.1 1,005.6 1,050.9 1,052.2 1,056.5 4.3

Hospitals. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,660.6 4,696.7 4,694.3 4,696.3 4,670.0 4,702.5 4,703.8 4,705.7 1.9

Nursing and residential care facilities1

. . . . 3,060.1 3,084.5 3,085.7 3,103.2 3,066.7 3,096.5 3,101.6 3,111.0 9.4

Nursing care facilities. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,633.4 1,638.6 1,637.8 1,646.5 1,637.4 1,644.9 1,646.8 1,651.1 4.3

Social assistance1

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,559.0 2,604.3 2,614.4 2,635.9 2,542.0 2,604.2 2,609.3 2,619.2 9.9

Child day care services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 874.3 867.2 873.0 882.1 857.7 859.8 860.9 864.1 3.2

Leisure and hospitality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12,748 12,381 12,433 12,662 13,137 13,003 13,019 13,041 22

Arts, entertainment, and recreation. . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,778.0 1,672.1 1,693.5 1,747.8 1,931.8 1,884.8 1,893.2 1,900.6 7.4

Performing arts and spectator sports. . . . . . . . . 375.4 350.7 367.4 370.1 398.2 390.1 396.4 393.0 -3.4

Museums, historical sites, zoos, and parks. . . 120.2 116.5 117.0 121.4 129.5 128.2 129.5 130.5 1.0

Amusements, gambling, and recreation. . . . . . 1,282.4 1,204.9 1,209.1 1,256.3 1,404.1 1,366.5 1,367.3 1,377.1 9.8

Accommodation and food services. . . . . . . . . . . . . 10,969.6 10,708.6 10,739.5 10,914.2 11,205.5 11,117.7 11,125.8 11,140.3 14.5

Accommodation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,709.2 1,643.5 1,651.2 1,667.0 1,771.4 1,726.1 1,726.6 1,726.4 -0.2

Food services and drinking places. . . . . . . . . . . 9,260.4 9,065.1 9,088.3 9,247.2 9,434.1 9,391.6 9,399.2 9,413.9 14.7

Other services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,360 5,240 5,257 5,291 5,384 5,317 5,308 5,314 6

Repair and maintenance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,159.6 1,122.5 1,124.2 1,138.0 1,162.6 1,138.5 1,135.6 1,138.7 3.1

Personal and laundry services. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,281.3 1,246.9 1,256.1 1,262.2 1,290.7 1,268.4 1,271.3 1,270.7 -0.6

Membership associations and organizations. . . . 2,919.2 2,871.0 2,876.4 2,890.5 2,930.8 2,910.5 2,901.2 2,905.0 3.8

Government. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22,960 22,362 22,746 22,880 22,560 22,479 22,457 22,496 39

Federal. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,779.0 2,834.0 2,834.0 2,892.0 2,797.0 2,857.0 2,863.0 2,911.0 48.0

Federal, except U.S. Postal Service. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,061.3 2,149.6 2,171.9 2,231.9 2,077.0 2,181.4 2,196.3 2,247.6 51.3

U.S. Postal Service. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 717.5 684.6 662.0 660.5 719.5 675.9 666.9 663.4 -3.5

State government. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,320.0 5,081.0 5,287.0 5,302.0 5,183.0 5,169.0 5,171.0 5,166.0 -5.0

State government education. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,510.5 2,309.2 2,517.2 2,534.2 2,365.3 2,383.2 2,389.4 2,389.0 -0.4

State government, excluding education. . . . . . . . . . . 2,809.0 2,771.8 2,769.9 2,768.0 2,817.6 2,785.8 2,781.4 2,777.2 -4.2

Local government. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14,861.0 14,447.0 14,625.0 14,686.0 14,580.0 14,453.0 14,423.0 14,419.0 -4.0

Local government education. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8,471.4 8,133.9 8,323.7 8,378.5 8,092.4 8,025.1 8,002.8 8,005.3 2.5

Local government, excluding education. . . . . . . . . . . 6,389.6 6,312.6 6,301.0 6,307.8 6,487.3 6,427.9 6,420.5 6,414.0 -6.5

1 Includes other industries, not shown separately.

2 Includes motor vehicles, motor vehicle bodies and trailers, and motor vehicle parts.

3 Includes ambulatory health care services, hospitals, and nursing and residential care facilities.

p = preliminary.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-2. Average weekly hours and overtime of all employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry

sector, seasonally adjusted

Industry Mar.

2009

Jan.

2010

Feb.

2010p

Mar.

2010p

AVERAGE WEEKLY HOURS

Total private.............................................................................. 34.0 34.0 33.9 34.0

Goods-producing..................................................................... 38.4 39.2 38.9 39.2

Mining and logging................................................................ 42.4 43.0 42.7 43.0

Construction........................................................................ 37.3 37.3 36.7 37.1

Manufacturing...................................................................... 38.7 39.9 39.7 39.9

Durable goods................................................................... 38.9 40.1 39.9 40.3

Nondurable goods............................................................... 38.5 39.7 39.2 39.4

Private service-providing............................................................ 33.1 32.9 32.9 33.0

Trade, transportation, and utilities............................................... 34.3 34.0 33.9 34.0

Wholesale trade................................................................. 38.0 37.8 37.8 37.9

Retail trade....................................................................... 31.4 31.2 31.1 31.2

Transportation and warehousing.............................................. 38.3 37.9 37.7 37.8

Utilities............................................................................ 41.1 40.5 40.7 40.8

Information.......................................................................... 36.3 36.7 36.7 36.8

Financial activities................................................................. 36.5 36.8 36.8 36.9

Professional and business services............................................. 35.1 35.3 35.2 35.2

Education and health services................................................... 33.3 32.8 32.8 32.8

Leisure and hospitality............................................................ 25.7 25.6 25.6 25.7

Other services...................................................................... 31.9 31.5 31.5 31.7

AVERAGE OVERTIME HOURS

Manufacturing............................................................................ 2.1 2.8 2.8 2.9

Durable goods........................................................................ 1.9 2.6 2.6 2.8

Nondurable goods.................................................................... 2.5 3.0 3.0 3.0

p = preliminary.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-3. Average hourly and weekly earnings of all employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry

sector, seasonally adjusted

Industry

Average hourly earnings Average weekly earnings

Mar.

2009

Jan.

2010

Feb.

2010p

Mar.

2010p

Mar.

2009

Jan.

2010

Feb.

2010p

Mar.

2010p

Total private................................................. $22.08 $22.45 $22.49 $22.47 $ 750.72 $ 763.30 $ 762.41 $ 763.98

Goods-producing........................................ 23.71 23.91 23.95 23.86 910.46 937.27 931.66 935.31

Mining and logging................................... 27.51 26.90 27.09 26.95 1,166.42 1,156.70 1,156.74 1,158.85

Construction........................................... 24.76 25.21 25.28 25.27 923.55 940.33 927.78 937.52

Manufacturing......................................... 22.94 23.13 23.16 23.03 887.78 922.89 919.45 918.90

Durable goods...................................... 24.36 24.68 24.70 24.51 947.60 989.67 985.53 987.75

Nondurable goods................................. 20.60 20.66 20.70 20.64 793.10 820.20 811.44 813.22

Private service-providing............................... 21.67 22.10 22.15 22.14 717.28 727.09 728.74 730.62

Trade, transportation, and utilities.................. 19.19 19.63 19.68 19.71 658.22 667.42 667.15 670.14

Wholesale trade.................................... 25.01 26.13 26.27 26.30 950.38 987.71 993.01 996.77

Retail trade.......................................... 15.33 15.51 15.52 15.53 481.36 483.91 482.67 484.54

Transportation and warehousing................. 20.41 20.83 20.90 20.97 781.70 789.46 787.93 792.67

Utilities............................................... 32.95 32.78 32.36 32.46 1,354.25 1,327.59 1,317.05 1,324.37

Information............................................. 28.82 30.14 30.35 30.42 1,046.17 1,106.14 1,113.85 1,119.46

Financial activities.................................... 26.28 26.90 26.94 26.97 959.22 989.92 991.39 995.19

Professional and business services................ 26.92 27.14 27.25 27.21 944.89 958.04 959.20 957.79

Education and health services...................... 22.31 22.62 22.64 22.62 742.92 741.94 742.59 741.94

Leisure and hospitality............................... 12.88 13.09 13.08 13.08 331.02 335.10 334.85 336.16

Other services......................................... 19.11 20.02 20.02 20.01 609.61 630.63 630.63 634.32

p = preliminary.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-4. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours and payrolls for all employees on private nonfarm payrolls by

industry sector, seasonally adjusted

[2007=100]

Industry

Index of aggregate weekly hours1

Index of aggregate weekly payrolls2

Mar.

2009

Jan.

2010

Feb.

2010p

Mar.

2010p

Percent

change

from:

Feb.

2010 -

Mar.

2010p

Mar.

2009

Jan.

2010

Feb.

2010p

Mar.

2010p

Percent

change

from:

Feb.

2010 -

Mar.

2010p

Total private....................................... 93.3 91.3 91.0 91.4 0.4 98.2 97.7 97.6 97.9 0.3

Goods-producing............................... 84.1 79.8 79.0 79.8 1.0 90.2 86.3 85.5 86.1 0.7

Mining and logging.......................... 97.0 92.4 92.6 94.4 1.9 107.1 99.8 100.7 102.2 1.5

Construction.................................. 80.9 72.4 70.5 71.5 1.4 87.0 79.4 77.5 78.5 1.3

Manufacturing................................ 85.0 83.0 82.6 83.1 0.6 90.7 89.2 88.9 89.0 0.1

Durable goods............................ 83.0 79.7 79.4 80.4 1.3 89.8 87.4 87.1 87.5 0.5

Nondurable goods........................ 89.0 89.1 88.0 88.4 0.5 93.0 93.3 92.4 92.5 0.1

Private service-providing...................... 96.0 94.3 94.4 94.7 0.3 100.8 101.0 101.3 101.6 0.3

Trade, transportation, and utilities......... 93.8 91.1 90.9 91.3 0.4 96.9 96.3 96.3 96.8 0.5

Wholesale trade........................... 94.0 91.6 91.7 92.1 0.4 98.2 99.9 100.5 101.1 0.6

Retail trade................................ 93.3 91.3 91.1 91.4 0.3 94.6 93.6 93.4 93.9 0.5

Transportation and warehousing. . . . . .. 94.3 89.9 89.2 89.6 0.4 97.7 95.0 94.6 95.3 0.7

Utilities..................................... 100.1 97.8 98.2 98.4 0.2 109.0 106.0 105.0 105.6 0.6

Information................................... 94.8 92.0 91.8 91.6 -0.2 97.3 98.7 99.2 99.2 0.0

Financial activities........................... 94.4 92.6 92.4 92.4 0.0 96.9 97.2 97.2 97.3 0.1

Professional and business services....... 92.6 91.7 91.6 91.7 0.1 101.0 100.8 101.2 101.1 -0.1

Education and health services............. 103.5 103.4 103.6 103.8 0.2 108.2 109.6 109.8 110.0 0.2

Leisure and hospitality...................... 96.3 95.0 95.1 95.6 0.5 100.1 100.3 100.4 100.9 0.5

Other services............................... 95.2 92.8 92.6 93.3 0.8 103.2 105.4 105.3 106.0 0.7

1 The indexes of aggregate weekly hours are calculated by dividing the current month’s estimates of aggregate hours by the corresponding 2007 annual

average aggregate hours. Aggregate hours estimates are the product of estimates of average weekly hours and employment.

2 The indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls are calculated by dividing the current month’s estimates of aggregate weekly payrolls by the corresponding

2007 annual average aggregate weekly payrolls. Aggregate payrolls estimates are the product of estimates of average hourly earnings, average weekly

hours, and employment.

p = preliminary.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-5. Employment of women on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted

Industry

Women employees (in thousands) Percent of all employees

Mar.

2009

Jan.

2010

Feb.

2010p

Mar.

2010p

Mar.

2009

Jan.

2010

Feb.

2010p

Mar.

2010p

Total nonfarm............................................... 65,696 64,690 64,646 64,695 49.7 49.9 49.9 49.9

Total private.............................................. 52,761 51,873 51,845 51,887 48.2 48.4 48.4 48.4

Goods-producing...................................... 4,420 4,146 4,146 4,153 23.0 23.2 23.3 23.2

Mining and logging................................. 100 98 98 98 13.7 14.3 14.2 14.0

Construction........................................ 830 748 745 742 13.2 13.3 13.4 13.3

Manufacturing....................................... 3,490 3,300 3,303 3,313 28.6 28.6 28.6 28.6

Durable goods................................... 1,877 1,744 1,744 1,750 24.8 24.7 24.7 24.7

Nondurable goods............................... 1,613 1,556 1,559 1,563 34.8 34.6 34.7 34.8

Private service-providing............................. 48,341 47,727 47,699 47,734 53.5 53.5 53.4 53.4

Trade, transportation, and utilities............... 10,386 10,072 10,072 10,082 41.3 40.8 40.8 40.8

Wholesale trade................................. 1,741.3 1,679.2 1,685.8 1,689.9 30.7 30.2 30.3 30.3

Retail trade....................................... 7,449.2 7,257.3 7,258.9 7,264.4 50.9 50.4 50.3 50.3

Transportation and warehousing.............. 1,050.3 997.6 989.3 992.0 24.4 24.1 23.9 24.0

Utilities............................................ 144.7 137.5 137.5 136.0 25.7 24.6 24.6 24.4

Information.......................................... 1,201 1,128 1,122 1,117 42.0 41.1 41.0 41.0

Financial activities.................................. 4,653 4,518 4,504 4,488 59.3 59.2 59.1 59.1

Professional and business services............. 7,572 7,414 7,397 7,389 45.1 44.9 44.7 44.6

Education and health services................... 14,784 14,974 14,980 15,012 77.4 77.3 77.2 77.2

Leisure and hospitality............................. 6,914 6,819 6,821 6,846 52.6 52.4 52.4 52.5

Other services...................................... 2,831 2,802 2,803 2,800 52.6 52.7 52.8 52.7

Government.............................................. 12,935 12,817 12,801 12,808 57.3 57.0 57.0 56.9

p = preliminary.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-6. Employment of production and nonsupervisory employees on private nonfarm payrolls by industry

sector, seasonally adjusted1

[In thousands]

Industry Mar.

2009

Jan.

2010

Feb.

2010p

Mar.

2010p

Total private................................................................................ 90,247 88,300 88,301 88,449

Goods-producing........................................................................ 13,942 12,901 12,862 12,893

Mining and logging................................................................... 543 501 505 513

Construction........................................................................... 4,806 4,287 4,241 4,250

Manufacturing......................................................................... 8,593 8,113 8,116 8,130

Durable goods...................................................................... 5,211 4,828 4,829 4,847

Nondurable goods................................................................. 3,382 3,285 3,287 3,283

Private service-providing............................................................... 76,305 75,399 75,439 75,556

Trade, transportation, and utilities.................................................. 21,392 20,887 20,903 20,961

Wholesale trade.................................................................... 4,587.1 4,472.7 4,478.2 4,484.1

Retail trade......................................................................... 12,593.8 12,372.2 12,388.6 12,429.9

Transportation and warehousing................................................. 3,757.0 3,596.6 3,590.3 3,601.1

Utilities............................................................................... 454.0 445.6 445.4 445.8

Information............................................................................ 2,292 2,188 2,190 2,177

Financial activities.................................................................... 6,069 5,912 5,898 5,880

Professional and business services................................................ 13,688 13,507 13,537 13,562

Education and health services...................................................... 16,750 16,982 16,997 17,026

Leisure and hospitality............................................................... 11,614 11,475 11,478 11,508

Other services........................................................................ 4,500 4,448 4,436 4,442

1 Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees

in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm payrolls.

p = preliminary.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-7. Average weekly hours and overtime of production and nonsupervisory employees on private

nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted1

Industry Mar.

2009

Jan.

2010

Feb.

2010p

Mar.

2010p

AVERAGE WEEKLY HOURS

Total private.............................................................................. 33.1 33.3 33.1 33.3

Goods-producing..................................................................... 38.9 40.0 39.4 40.1

Mining and logging................................................................ 43.4 44.2 43.5 44.1

Construction........................................................................ 37.6 37.9 37.0 37.8

Manufacturing...................................................................... 39.4 40.9 40.5 41.0

Durable goods................................................................... 39.3 40.9 40.6 41.2

Nondurable goods............................................................... 39.4 40.8 40.3 40.7

Private service-providing............................................................ 32.0 32.2 32.1 32.2

Trade, transportation, and utilities............................................... 32.7 33.1 33.0 33.1

Wholesale trade................................................................. 37.7 37.7 37.6 37.7

Retail trade....................................................................... 29.7 30.1 30.0 30.2

Transportation and warehousing.............................................. 35.7 36.4 36.3 36.6

Utilities............................................................................ 42.4 41.4 41.5 41.6

Information.......................................................................... 36.7 36.6 36.5 36.4

Financial activities................................................................. 36.1 36.1 36.0 36.1

Professional and business services............................................. 34.6 34.9 34.7 34.9

Education and health services................................................... 32.3 32.3 32.2 32.1

Leisure and hospitality............................................................ 24.8 24.8 24.8 25.0

Other services...................................................................... 30.5 30.7 30.6 30.7

AVERAGE OVERTIME HOURS

Manufacturing............................................................................ 2.6 3.6 3.5 3.7

Durable goods........................................................................ 2.4 3.5 3.4 3.7

Nondurable goods.................................................................... 3.0 3.7 3.6 3.6

1 Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees

in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm payrolls.

p = preliminary.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-8. Average hourly and weekly earnings of production and nonsupervisory employees on private

nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted1

Industry

Average hourly earnings Average weekly earnings

Mar.

2009

Jan.

2010

Feb.

2010p

Mar.

2010p

Mar.

2009

Jan.

2010

Feb.

2010p

Mar.

2010p

Total private................................................. $18.52 $18.90 $18.92 $18.90 $ 613.01 $ 629.37 $ 626.25 $ 629.37

Goods-producing........................................ 19.85 20.10 20.14 20.14 772.17 804.00 793.52 807.61

Mining and logging................................... 23.27 23.29 23.63 23.51 1,009.92 1,029.42 1,027.91 1,036.79

Construction........................................... 22.61 23.08 23.17 23.18 850.14 874.73 857.29 876.20

Manufacturing......................................... 18.14 18.42 18.46 18.45 714.72 753.38 747.63 756.45

Durable goods...................................... 19.22 19.63 19.69 19.66 755.35 802.87 799.41 809.99

Nondurable goods................................. 16.47 16.64 16.63 16.64 648.92 678.91 670.19 677.25

Private service-providing............................... 18.22 18.64 18.67 18.64 583.04 600.21 599.31 600.21

Trade, transportation, and utilities.................. 16.40 16.78 16.79 16.79 536.28 555.42 554.07 555.75

Wholesale trade.................................... 20.57 21.49 21.47 21.46 775.49 810.17 807.27 809.04

Retail trade.......................................... 12.95 13.18 13.21 13.21 384.62 396.72 396.30 398.94

Transportation and warehousing................. 18.82 19.14 19.10 19.15 671.87 696.70 693.33 700.89

Utilities............................................... 29.25 29.79 29.88 29.94 1,240.20 1,233.31 1,240.02 1,245.50

Information............................................. 25.33 25.58 25.62 25.62 929.61 936.23 935.13 932.57

Financial activities.................................... 20.66 21.37 21.25 21.37 745.83 771.46 765.00 771.46

Professional and business services................ 22.21 22.62 22.70 22.66 768.47 789.44 787.69 790.83

Education and health services...................... 19.28 19.76 19.82 19.75 622.74 638.25 638.20 633.98

Leisure and hospitality............................... 11.00 11.28 11.30 11.30 272.80 279.74 280.24 282.50

Other services......................................... 16.43 16.85 16.89 16.83 501.12 517.30 516.83 516.68

1 Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees

in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm payrolls.

p = preliminary.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-9. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours and payrolls for production and nonsupervisory employees on

private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector, seasonally adjusted1

[2002=100]

Industry

Index of aggregate weekly hours2

Index of aggregate weekly payrolls3

Mar.

2009

Jan.

2010

Feb.

2010p

Mar.

2010p

Percent

change

from:

Feb.

2010 -

Mar.

2010p

Mar.

2009

Jan.

2010

Feb.

2010p

Mar.

2010p

Percent

change

from:

Feb.

2010 -

Mar.

2010p

Total private....................................... 99.8 98.2 97.7 98.4 0.7 123.5 124.1 123.5 124.3 0.6

Goods-producing............................... 82.9 78.9 77.4 79.0 2.1 100.7 97.1 95.5 97.4 2.0

Mining and logging.......................... 125.2 117.7 116.7 120.2 3.0 169.5 159.4 160.4 164.4 2.5

Construction.................................. 90.5 81.4 78.6 80.4 2.3 110.5 101.4 98.3 100.7 2.4

Manufacturing................................ 77.7 76.2 75.4 76.5 1.5 92.2 91.7 91.1 92.3 1.3

Durable goods............................ 76.9 74.2 73.7 75.0 1.8 92.3 90.9 90.5 92.1 1.8

Nondurable goods........................ 78.5 79.0 78.0 78.7 0.9 91.4 92.9 91.7 92.6 1.0

Private service-providing...................... 104.4 103.8 103.5 104.0 0.5 130.4 132.7 132.5 132.9 0.3

Trade, transportation, and utilities......... 97.5 96.4 96.2 96.7 0.5 114.1 115.4 115.2 115.8 0.5

Wholesale trade........................... 101.8 99.3 99.2 99.6 0.4 123.4 125.7 125.4 125.9 0.4

Retail trade................................ 94.7 94.3 94.1 95.0 1.0 105.1 106.5 106.5 107.6 1.0

Transportation and warehousing. . . . . .. 101.0 98.5 98.1 99.2 1.1 120.5 119.7 118.9 120.5 1.3

Utilities..................................... 98.5 94.4 94.5 94.9 0.4 120.2 117.3 117.9 118.5 0.5

Information................................... 96.0 91.4 91.3 90.5 -0.9 120.4 115.8 115.7 114.7 -0.9

Financial activities........................... 104.8 102.1 101.6 101.6 0.0 133.9 134.9 133.5 134.2 0.5

Professional and business services....... 106.1 105.6 105.3 106.1 0.8 140.3 142.2 142.2 143.0 0.6

Education and health services............. 116.7 118.3 118.1 117.9 -0.2 147.9 153.7 153.8 153.1 -0.5

Leisure and hospitality...................... 105.6 104.3 104.3 105.5 1.2 131.9 133.6 133.9 135.3 1.0

Other services............................... 96.3 95.8 95.2 95.7 0.5 115.3 117.6 117.2 117.3 0.1

1 Data relate to production employees in mining and logging and manufacturing, construction employees in construction, and nonsupervisory employees

in the service-providing industries. These groups account for approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm payrolls.

2 The indexes of aggregate weekly hours are calculated by dividing the current month’s estimates of aggregate hours by the corresponding 2002 annual

average aggregate hours. Aggregate hours estimates are the product of estimates of average weekly hours and employment.

3 The indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls are calculated by dividing the current month’s estimates of aggregate weekly payrolls by the corresponding

2002 annual average aggregate weekly payrolls. Aggregate payrolls estimates are the product of estimates of average hourly earnings, average weekly

hours, and employment.

p = preliminary.