U.S. IMPORT AND EXPORT PRICE INDEXES – JULY 2016 

Prices for U.S. imports advanced 0.1 percent in July, the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today, 

following a 0.6-percent rise the previous month. In July, increasing nonfuel prices more than offset a 

downturn in fuel prices. The price index for U.S. exports rose 0.2 percent in July, after advancing 0.8 

percent in June. 

Chart 1. One-month percent change in the Import Price Index: July 2015 – July 2016 

 Percent change 

Chart 2. 12-month percent change in the Import Price Index: July 2015 – July 2016 

 Percent change 

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Transmission of material in this release is embargoed until 

8:30 a.m. (EDT) Thursday, August 11, 2016 

Technical information: (202) 691-7101 • MXPinfo@bls.gov • www.bls.gov/mxp 

Media contact: (202) 691-5902 • PressOffice@bls.gov 

USDL-16-1655
2

All Imports: U.S. import prices continued to advance in July, ticking up 0.1 percent. Prices for imports 

have not recorded a monthly decrease over the past 5 months and increased 3.0 percent since last declining 

in February. Prior to July, the increases were driven by rising fuel prices. In contrast, in July, nonfuel prices 

led the advance and fuel prices recorded a decrease. Despite the recent increases, import prices remain down 

on an over-the-year basis, falling 3.7 percent over the past 12 months. Import prices have not recorded a 12-

month advance since 2 years ago when the index rose 0.9 percent between July 2013 and July 2014. 

All Imports Excluding Fuel: The price index for nonfuel imports rose 0.3 percent in July following a 0.2-

percent drop in June and a 0.3-percent advance in May. The 0.3-percent increases were the largest 1-month 

advances since the index rose 0.3 percent in March 2014. The last time the index increased more than 0.3 

percent was a 0.4-percent rise in March 2012. The July advance was led by higher prices for nonfuel 

industrial supplies and materials; and foods, feeds, and beverages. In contrast, import finished goods prices 

decreased in July. Prices for nonfuel imports declined 1.2 percent over the past year. 

 

Fuel Imports: Fuel prices decreased 2.5 percent in July, the first monthly decline since the index fell 6.8 

percent in February. Before the downturn, import fuel prices rose 47.1 percent from February to June. In 

July, a 3.6-percent drop in petroleum prices drove the downturn in fuel prices and more than offset a 31.4 

percent increase in the price index for natural gas. Prices for import fuel decreased 22.3 percent for the year 

ended in July. A 23.1-percent decline in petroleum prices over the period and a 17.5-percent drop in natural 

gas prices each contributed to the overall fall in fuel prices. 

Table A. Percent change in Import and Export Price Indexes, selected categories 

 
3

Chart 3. One-month percent change in the Export Price Index: July 2015 – July 2016 

 Percent change 

Chart 4. 12-month percent change in the Export Price Index: July 2015 – July 2016 

 Percent change

All Exports: Prices for U.S. exports increased 0.2 percent in July, after rising 2.4 percent over the 3 

previous months. In July, higher nonagricultural prices more than offset a decrease in agricultural prices. 

The price index for exports last recorded a 1-month decline when the index edged down 0.1 percent in 

March. Even accounting for the recent advances, export prices declined 3.0 percent over the past 12 months 

and have not increased on an over-the-year basis since the index advanced 0.4 percent in August 2014. 

All Exports Excluding Agriculture: Nonagricultural prices increased 0.3 percent in July following a 0.5 

percent advance the previous month. In July, rising prices for nonagricultural industrial supplies and 

materials as well as consumer goods drove the overall rise. Prices for nonagricultural exports fell 3.0 percent 

over the past 12 months and declines for each of the major end-use categories contributed to the decrease 

from July 2015 to July 2016. 

Agricultural Exports: The price index for agricultural exports declined 0.4 percent in July, after rising 2.6 

percent in June, 3.0 percent in May, and 0.8 percent in April. The downturn in July was led by an 8.5-

percent decrease in corn prices; lower wheat prices also contributed to the overall decrease. Agricultural 

export prices fell 2.6 percent for the year ended in July, driven primarily by falling prices for nuts, wheat, 

and corn. 

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4

 SELECTED JULY HIGHLIGHTS 

Import Prices 

Imports by Locality of Origin: Prices for imports from China edged down 0.1 percent in July, after 

decreasing 0.2 percent in June. The price index for imports from China has not recorded a monthly advance 

since ticking up 0.1 percent in December 2014 and decreased 1.8 percent on a 12-month basis for the second 

consecutive month in July. Import prices from the European Union and Mexico also declined in July, falling 

0.3 percent and 0.2 percent, respectively. In contrast, prices for imports from Japan rose 0.2 percent in July. 

The last time the price index for imports from Japan recorded a monthly advance larger than 0.2 percent was 

a 0.3-percent increase in August 2011. Import prices from Canada rose 0.2 percent in July following a 2.7-

percent advance in June. 

Nonfuel Industrial Supplies and Materials: Nonfuel industrial supplies and materials prices rose 1.6 

percent in July, after a 0.2-percent drop in June. The July advance was led by higher prices for gold, other 

precious metals, and iron and steel mill products. 

 

Finished Goods: Each of the major finished goods categories recorded declines in July. Automotive 

vehicles prices fell 0.3 percent, driven by lower passenger car prices. The price indexes for capital goods 

and consumer goods each edged down 0.1 percent in July. Capital goods prices last rose on a monthly basis 

in June 2014. 

 

Foods, Feeds, and Beverages: Prices for foods, feeds, and beverages increased 3.3 percent in July, driven 

by a 32.0-percent jump in import fruit prices. The July advance in foods, feeds, and beverages prices was 

the largest monthly advance since the index rose 3.6 percent in March 2014. 

Transportation Services: Import air passenger fares declined 3.9 percent in July following monthly 

increases in each of the past 3 months. An 8.4-percent drop in European fares was the main contributor to 

the July downturn, while Asian fares also fell, declining 3.1 percent. Import air passenger fares decreased 

8.3 percent over the past year. The price index for import air freight rose 2.5 percent in July, the largest 1-

month rise for the index since a 5.0-percent advance in October 2015. Despite the July rise, import air 

freight prices fell 7.7 percent over the past 12 months. 

Export Prices 

Nonagricultural Industrial Supplies and Materials: Nonagricultural industrial supplies and materials rose 

0.6 percent in July, after advancing 1.8 percent in June. The July increase was led by a 6.7-percent rise in 

nonferrous metal prices. 

 

Finished Goods: Finished goods prices were mixed in July. Prices for consumer goods rose 0.5 percent, 

driven by a 1.7-percent advance in the price index for medicinal, dental, and pharmaceutical materials. The 

last time consumer goods prices increased by more than 0.5 percent was a 1.2-percent advance in June 2011. 

Capital goods prices edged down 0.1 percent in July and automotive vehicles prices recorded no change. 

Transportation Services: Export air passenger fares rose 4.4 percent in July following a 3.4-percent 

advance in June. An 11.5-percent increase in Latin American/Caribbean fares and a 5.9-percent rise in 

Asian fares each contributed to the overall advance for export air passenger fares. Despite the recent 

increase, export air passenger fares fell 9.4 percent over the past 12 months. The price index for export air 

freight fell 0.2 percent in July and 3.2 percent over the past year. 

 

Import and Export Price Index data for August 2016 are scheduled for release on Wednesday, September 14, 

2016 at 8:30 a.m. (EDT). 
Table 1. U.S. import price indexes and percent changes for selected categories of goods: July 2015 to July

2016

[2000=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description End Use

Relative

importance

June

20161

Index Percent change

June

2016

July

2016

Annual Monthly

July

2015 to

July

2016

Mar.

2016 to

Apr.

2016

Apr.

2016 to

May

2016

May

2016 to

June

2016

June

2016 to

July

2016

All commodities................................... 100.000 120.6 120.7 -3.7 0.7 1.2 0.6 0.1

All imports excluding food and fuels (Dec.

2010=100)........................................ 85.367 98.2 98.3 -1.4 0.0 0.3 -0.1 0.1

All imports excluding petroleum.............. 91.957 110.5 111.0 -1.3 0.0 0.4 -0.3 0.5

All imports excluding fuels (Dec.

2001=100)........................................ 91.448 114.8 115.2 -1.2 0.1 0.3 -0.2 0.3

Foods, feeds, & beverages................... 0 6.081 172.3 177.9 1.4 1.3 0.3 -0.6 3.3

Agricultural foods, feeds & beverages,

excluding distilled beverages............. 00 4.675 187.4 195.4 0.2 1.4 0.1 -0.7 4.3

Nonagricultural foods (fish, distilled

beverages).................................. 01 1.406 138.4 138.3 5.9 1.3 1.5 -0.3 -0.1

Industrial supplies & materials.............. 1 21.957 157.8 157.8 -12.2 3.6 5.4 3.3 0.0

Industrial supplies & materials excluding

petroleum.................................... 13.914 139.0 141.9 -3.4 0.6 1.5 -0.4 2.1

Industrial supplies & materials excluding

fuels (Dec. 2001=100)..................... 13.405 159.4 161.9 -2.9 0.4 1.6 -0.2 1.6

Industrial supplies & materials, durable. . .. 8.125 148.0 151.7 -0.8 0.8 2.3 -0.5 2.5

Industrial supplies & materials nondurable

excluding petroleum....................... 5.280 127.6 129.8 -6.7 0.2 0.5 -0.4 1.7

Fuels & lubricants............................. 10 8.551 157.0 153.0 -22.3 9.8 12.7 9.6 -2.5

Petroleum & petroleum products......... 100 8.042 171.8 165.6 -23.1 10.7 13.9 10.6 -3.6

Crude........................................ 10000 5.869 175.7 169.5 -22.5 12.0 14.8 10.2 -3.5

Fuels, n.e.s.-coals & gas.................. 101 0.331 65.7 80.8 -15.4 3.3 -1.0 -7.9 23.0

Gas-natural.................................. 10110 0.241 49.4 64.9 -17.5 4.3 -1.3 -10.3 31.4

Paper & paper base stocks.................. 11 0.576 107.4 106.8 -2.7 -0.3 -0.2 0.4 -0.6

Materials associated with nondurable

supplies & materials....................... 12 4.771 149.9 150.5 -6.4 0.1 0.7 0.1 0.4

Selected building materials.................. 13 1.302 137.3 137.3 -0.2 1.3 0.8 0.1 0.0

Unfinished metals related to durable

goods........................................ 14 3.351 189.7 200.8 0.2 1.6 5.1 -1.3 5.9

Finished metals related to durable

goods........................................ 15 1.683 145.0 146.0 -3.7 -0.2 0.1 0.0 0.7

Nonmetals related to durable goods. . . . . .. 16 1.722 108.9 108.2 -1.3 -0.1 0.1 0.2 -0.6

Capital goods................................... 2 28.494 89.0 88.9 -1.9 -0.2 0.0 -0.2 -0.1

Electric generating equipment............... 20 3.456 115.8 115.7 -1.8 -0.4 0.1 -0.2 -0.1

Nonelectrical machinery...................... 21 22.333 81.5 81.4 -2.0 -0.1 0.0 -0.2 -0.1

Transportation equipment excluding motor

vehicles (Dec. 2001=100)................. 22 2.705 136.6 136.2 -0.6 -0.1 0.0 -0.5 -0.3

Automotive vehicles, parts & engines..... 3 16.131 110.6 110.3 -0.8 0.1 0.3 0.0 -0.3

Consumer goods, excluding

automotives.................................. 4 27.337 106.9 106.8 -0.4 -0.3 0.2 -0.2 -0.1

Nondurables, manufactured................. 40 13.055 119.7 119.7 0.6 -0.1 0.1 -0.2 0.0

Durables, manufactured...................... 41 12.788 94.2 94.2 -1.4 -0.3 0.1 -0.2 0.0

Nonmanufactured consumer goods. . . . . . .. 42 1.494 119.0 118.3 0.6 -0.3 0.8 -0.3 -0.6

1 Relative importance figures are based on 2014 trade values.

NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication.

Dash = Not available

5
Table 2. U.S. export price indexes and percent changes for selected categories of goods: July 2015 to July

2016

[2000=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description End Use

Relative

importance

June

20161

Index Percent change

June

2016

July

2016

Annual Monthly

July

2015 to

July

2016

Mar.

2016 to

Apr.

2016

Apr.

2016 to

May

2016

May

2016 to

June

2016

June

2016 to

July

2016

All commodities................................... 100.000 120.9 121.1 -3.0 0.5 1.1 0.8 0.2

Agricultural commodities....................... 9.359 182.1 181.3 -2.6 0.8 3.0 2.6 -0.4

All exports excluding food and fuels (Dec.

2010=100)........................................ 84.284 98.3 98.6 -1.5 0.2 0.2 -0.1 0.3

Nonagricultural commodities.................. 90.640 116.3 116.6 -3.0 0.4 1.0 0.5 0.3

Foods, feeds, & beverages................... 0 8.781 184.2 182.8 -2.5 0.9 3.0 2.6 -0.8

Agricultural foods, feeds & beverages,

excluding distilled beverages............. 00 8.108 184.9 183.2 -2.9 1.0 3.3 2.8 -0.9

Nonagricultural foods (fish, distilled

beverages).................................. 01 0.673 184.8 186.4 1.5 0.6 -1.1 1.6 0.9

Industrial supplies & materials.............. 1 28.790 140.8 141.9 -7.5 1.4 3.0 1.8 0.8

Industrial supplies & materials, durable. . .. 10.498 151.7 154.6 -1.5 0.5 1.8 -1.2 1.9

Industrial supplies & materials,

nondurable.................................. 18.291 135.9 135.9 -10.7 1.9 3.8 3.6 0.0

Agricultural industrial supplies &

materials..................................... 10 1.251 171.0 175.4 -1.0 -0.1 0.4 1.8 2.6

Nonagricultural industrial supplies &

materials...................................... 27.539 139.9 140.8 -7.7 1.4 3.2 1.8 0.6

Fuels & lubricants............................. 11 6.934 148.0 147.7 -18.7 3.8 11.1 9.7 -0.2

Nonagricultural supplies & materials

excluding fuels & building materials. . . .. 12 19.573 148.1 149.6 -4.0 0.8 0.9 -0.7 1.0

Selected building materials.................. 13 1.032 115.4 115.6 0.0 0.8 0.6 0.2 0.2

Capital goods................................... 2 38.915 107.1 107.0 -0.5 0.1 0.0 0.0 -0.1

Electrical generating equipment............. 20 3.969 112.7 112.7 -1.1 0.1 -0.1 0.3 0.0

Nonelectrical machinery...................... 21 26.256 94.3 94.2 -0.9 0.1 0.0 0.0 -0.1

Transportation equipment excluding motor

vehicles (Dec. 2001=100)................. 22 8.690 164.2 164.0 1.5 0.2 0.1 0.1 -0.1

Automotive vehicles, parts & engines..... 3 10.692 113.2 113.2 -0.5 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0

Consumer goods, excluding

automotives.................................. 4 12.821 110.1 110.6 -1.8 -0.1 0.2 -0.4 0.5

Nondurables, manufactured................. 40 5.827 106.0 107.0 -1.4 0.3 0.4 -0.1 0.9

Durables, manufactured...................... 41 5.372 107.7 107.7 -2.6 -0.3 -0.1 -0.6 0.0

1 Relative importance figures are based on 2014 trade values.

NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication.

Dash = Not available

6
Table 3. U.S. import price indexes and percent changes for selected categories of goods: July 2015 to July

2016

[December 2005=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description NAICS

Relative

importance

June

20161

Index Percent change

June

2016

July

2016

Annual Monthly

July

2015 to

July

2016

Mar.

2016 to

Apr.

2016

Apr.

2016 to

May

2016

May

2016 to

June

2016

June

2016 to

July

2016

Nonmanufactured articles...................... 8.304 85.8 85.7 -17.6 7.9 9.5 6.2 -0.1

Agriculture, forestry, fishing and

hunting........................................ 11 1.892 163.8 175.1 -0.3 0.9 -0.8 -1.9 6.9

Crop production............................... 111 1.511 173.7 189.0 1.8 0.6 -0.4 -2.1 8.8

Animal production (Dec. 2014=100)........ 112 0.209 80.3 78.2 -14.2 1.2 -4.9 -0.1 -2.6

Mining............................................ 21 6.412 76.7 75.0 -21.5 10.9 13.2 8.9 -2.2

Mining (except oil and gas) (Dec.

2006=100)................................... 212 0.239 95.0 93.5 -4.8 2.8 -0.6 -0.1 -1.6

Manufactured articles............................ 91.387 109.0 109.1 -2.1 0.2 0.6 0.1 0.1

Manufactured goods, part 1................. 31 12.199 123.9 124.0 -0.2 0.4 0.4 0.1 0.1

Food manufacturing.......................... 311 3.505 153.4 154.3 1.6 1.6 1.6 0.4 0.6

Beverage and tobacco product

manufacturing............................... 312 1.098 118.8 117.8 -0.4 0.0 0.2 -0.1 -0.8

Textile mills (Dec. 2011=100)............... 313 0.406 98.7 99.2 -1.6 -0.1 0.0 0.1 0.5

Textile product mills.......................... 314 0.895 108.8 108.8 -2.8 -0.2 -0.2 -0.3 0.0

Apparel manufacturing....................... 315 4.371 111.3 111.2 -0.6 0.0 -0.1 -0.1 -0.1

Leather and allied product

manufacturing............................... 316 1.924 123.3 123.3 -0.9 -0.1 0.0 -0.2 0.0

Manufactured goods, part 2................. 32 16.878 116.4 116.0 -5.8 0.6 1.5 1.5 -0.3

Wood product manufacturing................ 321 0.790 115.6 115.6 0.1 1.9 1.0 0.7 0.0

Paper manufacturing......................... 322 1.077 105.5 105.3 -2.4 -0.3 -0.1 0.2 -0.2

Petroleum and coal products

manufacturing............................... 324 2.034 76.4 73.4 -26.5 7.9 11.6 11.9 -3.9

Chemical manufacturing..................... 325 9.467 130.9 131.3 -2.2 -0.2 0.5 0.1 0.3

Plastics and rubber products

manufacturing............................... 326 2.276 117.3 117.8 -0.8 -0.3 0.3 0.3 0.4

Nonmetallic mineral product

manufacturing............................... 327 1.034 129.7 129.2 -1.4 0.0 0.3 -0.5 -0.4

Manufactured goods, part 3................. 33 62.310 103.3 103.5 -1.4 0.0 0.3 -0.2 0.2

Primary metal manufacturing................ 331 4.098 126.5 132.7 -1.3 0.9 4.1 -0.8 4.9

Fabricated metal product manufacturing... 332 3.106 122.2 122.3 -2.9 -0.2 -0.2 -0.1 0.1

Machinery manufacturing.................... 333 7.706 116.5 116.5 -1.8 0.1 0.0 -0.1 0.0

Computer and electronic product

manufacturing............................... 334 18.041 76.5 76.3 -2.1 -0.3 0.0 -0.3 -0.3

Electrical equipment, appliance, and

component manufacturing................. 335 4.828 114.5 114.3 -2.3 -0.9 0.3 -0.5 -0.2

Transportation equipment manufacturing... 336 17.332 109.8 109.5 -0.7 0.2 0.2 -0.1 -0.3

Furniture and related product

manufacturing............................... 337 1.664 115.0 114.9 -0.9 0.0 0.1 -0.2 -0.1

Miscellaneous manufacturing............... 339 5.535 119.8 120.1 0.2 -0.1 0.2 -0.1 0.3

1 Relative importance figures are based on 2014 trade values.

NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication.

Dash = Not available

7
Table 4. U.S. export price indexes and percent changes for selected categories of goods: July 2015 to July

2016

[December 2005=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description NAICS

Relative

importance

June

20161

Index Percent change

June

2016

July

2016

Annual Monthly

July

2015 to

July

2016

Mar.

2016 to

Apr.

2016

Apr.

2016 to

May

2016

May

2016 to

June

2016

June

2016 to

July

2016

Nonmanufactured articles...................... 7.159 126.7 129.1 -4.4 2.7 4.5 5.2 1.9

Agriculture, forestry, fishing and

hunting........................................ 11 4.866 162.1 158.5 -5.9 1.1 4.0 4.6 -2.2

Crop production............................... 111 4.591 170.1 166.2 -5.1 1.1 5.0 4.8 -2.3

Mining............................................ 21 2.293 65.6 72.5 -1.6 6.4 5.5 6.7 10.5

Mining (except oil and gas).................. 212 1.116 77.0 78.4 -9.5 0.8 1.8 -0.6 1.8

Manufactured articles............................ 91.525 111.4 111.5 -2.7 0.4 0.7 0.5 0.1

Manufactured goods, part 1................. 31 6.781 135.8 137.1 -0.4 0.2 1.1 1.1 1.0

Food manufacturing.......................... 311 4.556 152.6 154.4 -0.3 0.4 1.5 1.3 1.2

Beverage and tobacco product

manufacturing............................... 312 0.634 110.9 114.5 3.2 0.6 1.0 2.2 3.2

Manufactured goods, part 2................. 32 23.222 106.2 105.6 -8.3 1.4 2.4 2.2 -0.6

Paper manufacturing......................... 322 1.726 120.9 120.5 -3.0 -0.2 0.2 -0.7 -0.3

Printing and related support activities

(Dec. 2015=100)........................... 323 0.268 100.0 100.0 – 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Petroleum and coal products

manufacturing............................... 324 4.552 87.1 84.3 -22.4 4.4 13.1 12.1 -3.2

Chemical manufacturing..................... 325 12.915 114.1 114.3 -5.1 1.2 0.3 0.3 0.2

Plastics and rubber products

manufacturing............................... 326 2.378 115.4 114.2 -3.0 0.0 0.2 -0.1 -1.0

Nonmetallic mineral product

manufacturing............................... 327 0.860 112.2 112.2 -0.1 0.1 0.4 -0.2 0.0

Manufactured goods, part 3................. 33 61.521 111.1 111.4 -0.6 0.0 0.2 -0.2 0.3

Primary metal manufacturing................ 331 4.150 131.4 138.1 0.4 -0.2 2.4 -2.4 5.1

Fabricated metal product manufacturing... 332 3.281 130.1 130.3 0.9 -0.2 0.5 0.0 0.2

Machinery manufacturing.................... 333 11.598 126.3 126.5 1.0 0.3 0.0 0.2 0.2

Computer and electronic product

manufacturing............................... 334 14.413 83.7 83.5 -2.6 0.0 -0.1 -0.1 -0.2

Electrical equipment, appliance, and

component manufacturing................. 335 3.838 112.8 112.6 -1.2 0.0 0.1 0.3 -0.2

Transportation equipment manufacturing... 336 18.268 122.1 122.0 0.3 0.2 0.0 0.1 -0.1

Furniture and related product

manufacturing (Dec. 2011=100).......... 337 0.406 115.0 116.6 6.6 0.4 0.2 1.1 1.4

Miscellaneous manufacturing............... 339 5.567 119.6 119.3 -3.2 -0.5 -0.2 -0.9 -0.3

1 Relative importance figures are based on 2014 trade values.

NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication.

Dash = Not available

8
Table 5. U.S. import price indexes and percent changes for selected categories of goods: July 2015 to July

2016

[2000=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description

Harmonized

system

Relative

importance

June

20161

Index Percent change

June

2016

July

2016

Annual Monthly

July

2015 to

July

2016

Mar.

2016 to

Apr.

2016

Apr.

2016 to

May

2016

May

2016 to

June

2016

June

2016 to

July

2016

Live animals; animal products................. I 1.479 189.4 189.9 3.1 2.6 1.9 -0.8 0.3

Meat and edible meat offal..................... 02 0.386 236.6 237.3 0.0 5.4 6.1 -3.2 0.3

Fish and crustaceans, molluscs and other

aquatic invertebrates......................... 03 0.773 139.5 141.1 11.5 2.7 1.7 -0.7 1.1

Vegetable products............................... II 1.876 186.0 204.1 1.4 1.0 -0.5 -3.7 9.7

Edible vegetables, roots, and tubers.......... 07 0.449 407.4 411.9 -12.3 4.8 -7.7 -0.9 1.1

Edible fruit and nuts; peel of citrus fruit or

melons.......................................... 08 0.500 82.1 111.9 15.4 -1.7 -0.4 -10.9 36.3

Coffee, tea, mate and spices.................. 09 0.364 229.6 234.8 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.6 2.3

Oilseeds & misc grains, seeds, plants, straw

& fodder (Dec. 2015=100)................... 12 0.175 107.3 106.3 – 1.9 3.5 0.3 -0.9

Animal or vegetable fats and oils (Dec.

2009=100)........................................ III 0.280 106.7 106.9 2.5 6.3 -1.9 -0.3 0.2

Prepared foodstuffs, beverages, and

tobacco........................................... IV 2.835 163.5 163.5 1.2 0.3 0.5 1.9 0.0

Sugars and sugar confectionary (Dec.

2012=100)..................................... 17 0.193 86.8 86.2 -4.9 -0.1 -0.2 1.2 -0.7

Cocoa and cocoa preparations (Dec.

2009=100)..................................... 18 0.248 115.1 115.2 1.7 0.7 2.9 0.4 0.1

Preparations of cereals, flour, starch or milk;

bakers’ wares (Dec. 2007=100)............. 19 0.287 133.2 133.0 0.5 0.5 0.1 0.0 -0.2

Preparations of vegetables, fruit, nuts, or

other parts of plants.......................... 20 0.323 154.6 157.8 1.2 0.2 -0.6 0.1 2.1

Beverages, spirits, and vinegar................ 22 1.035 128.7 127.6 -0.5 0.1 0.2 -0.1 -0.9

Mineral products.................................. V 8.596 156.6 152.4 -23.0 9.8 12.5 9.4 -2.7

Mineral fuels, oils and residuals, bituminous

substances and mineral waxes............. 27 8.434 154.1 150.0 -23.2 10.2 13.0 9.8 -2.7

Products of the chemical or allied

industries........................................ VI 8.879 146.9 147.1 -1.1 -0.1 0.3 -0.1 0.1

Inorganic chemicals............................. 28 0.562 261.6 257.4 -12.6 -1.1 0.7 -1.2 -1.6

Organic chemicals............................... 29 2.388 120.8 121.2 -3.9 0.4 0.2 0.2 0.3

Pharmaceutical products....................... 30 3.856 142.0 141.9 3.7 -0.2 0.6 -0.4 -0.1

Fertilizers (Dec. 2009=100).................... 31 0.288 78.1 78.6 -28.5 1.0 -0.8 1.2 0.6

Tanning extracts; dye, pigments, varnish,

paints & putty (Dec. 2011=100)............. 32 0.190 98.5 101.6 3.0 0.3 0.5 0.5 3.1

Miscellaneous chemical products............. 38 0.664 100.9 101.8 13.2 -1.3 0.0 -0.4 0.9

Plastics and articles thereof; rubber and

articles thereof.................................. VII 3.503 136.7 137.1 -2.6 0.2 0.4 0.1 0.3

Plastics and articles thereof.................... 39 2.251 140.4 140.3 -3.2 0.0 0.3 0.2 -0.1

Rubber and articles thereof.................... 40 1.252 131.6 133.0 -1.6 0.5 0.5 0.0 1.1

Raw hides, skins, leather, furskins, travel

goods, etc....................................... VIII 0.706 123.5 123.5 -3.5 -0.3 -0.1 -0.6 0.0

Articles of leather; travel goods, bags, etc.

of various materials........................... 42 0.673 128.9 128.8 -1.5 -0.1 0.0 -0.3 -0.1

Wood, wood charcoal, cork, straw,

basketware and wickerwork................. IX 0.825 140.5 140.7 0.4 1.8 0.9 0.6 0.1

Wood and articles of wood; wood charcoal

(Dec. 2014=100).............................. 44 0.786 96.5 96.7 0.4 1.8 1.1 0.5 0.2

Woodpulp, recovered paper, and paper

products......................................... X 1.155 109.9 109.6 -1.7 -0.4 0.0 0.1 -0.3

Paper and paperboard; articles of paper

pulp, paper or paperboard................... 48 0.783 104.5 104.5 -0.9 0.1 0.0 -0.1 0.0

See footnotes at end of table.

9
Table 5. U.S. import price indexes and percent changes for selected categories of goods: July 2015 to July

2016 — Continued

[2000=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description

Harmonized

system

Relative

importance

June

20161

Index Percent change

June

2016

July

2016

Annual Monthly

July

2015 to

July

2016

Mar.

2016 to

Apr.

2016

Apr.

2016 to

May

2016

May

2016 to

June

2016

June

2016 to

July

2016

Printed matter (Dec. 2015=100)............... 49 0.211 100.3 100.8 – 0.0 -0.1 0.0 0.5

Textile and textile articles....................... XI 5.493 113.3 113.3 -0.9 0.0 0.0 -0.1 0.0

Articles of apparel and clothing accessories,

knitted or crocheted.......................... 61 2.271 103.4 103.5 -0.6 0.0 -0.2 -0.1 0.1

Articles of apparel and clothing accessories,

not knitted or crocheted...................... 62 1.908 119.9 119.6 -0.1 -0.1 0.1 -0.1 -0.3

Made-up or worn textile articles............... 63 0.635 103.0 102.9 -2.7 -0.1 -0.2 -0.1 -0.1

Headgear, umbrellas, artifical flowers, etc... XII 1.535 122.9 122.8 -0.4 -0.1 0.0 -0.1 -0.1

Footwear and parts of such articles........... 64 1.334 122.0 122.0 -0.3 -0.1 0.0 -0.1 0.0

Stone, plaster, cement, asbestos,

ceramics, glass etc............................ XIII 0.964 131.7 130.9 -1.4 0.2 0.4 -0.5 -0.6

Articles of stone, plaster, cement, asbestos,

or mica (Dec. 2015=100).................... 68 0.334 99.4 97.9 – 0.4 0.7 -1.1 -1.5

Ceramic products................................ 69 0.282 137.1 136.8 -1.3 0.0 0.0 -0.3 -0.2

Glass and glassware............................ 70 0.348 130.0 129.9 0.2 0.2 0.3 -0.2 -0.1

Pearls, stones, precious metals, imitation

jewelry, and coins.............................. XIV 3.026 167.6 177.0 5.5 -0.2 2.9 -2.7 5.6

Base metals and articles of base metals. . .. XV 5.443 155.3 156.9 -5.1 0.7 1.5 0.3 1.0

Iron and steel.................................... 72 1.340 170.3 174.4 -2.1 3.7 5.7 3.6 2.4

Articles of iron or steel.......................... 73 1.718 138.0 138.2 -6.2 -0.3 -0.2 -0.1 0.1

Copper and articles thereof.................... 74 0.359 241.1 241.2 -14.7 -0.2 -0.8 -2.2 0.0

Aluminum and articles thereof................. 76 0.725 120.9 120.9 -6.8 0.1 1.3 -1.1 0.0

Tools, implements, cutlery, spoons and

forks, of base metal; parts thereof.......... 82 0.445 122.2 122.3 -4.8 -0.8 -1.0 -0.2 0.1

Miscellaneous articles of base metal. . . . . . . .. 83 0.528 136.7 137.0 -1.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.2

Machinery, electrical equipment, TV image

and sound recorders, parts, etc............. XVI 30.663 80.8 80.7 -1.9 -0.2 0.0 -0.2 -0.1

Machinery and mechanical appliances;

parts thereof................................... 84 15.582 85.9 85.7 -1.9 -0.2 0.2 -0.3 -0.2

Electrical machinery and equip, sound and

TV recorders & reproducers, parts......... 85 15.081 76.0 75.9 -1.9 -0.4 0.0 -0.1 -0.1

Vehicles, aircraft, vessels and associated

transport equipment........................... XVII 14.416 114.2 113.8 -0.8 0.2 0.1 -0.1 -0.4

Motor vehicles and their parts................. 87 12.923 112.8 112.4 -0.9 0.2 0.2 -0.1 -0.4

Aircraft, spacecraft, and parts thereof (Dec.

2002=100)..................................... 88 1.422 119.0 119.0 -0.8 -0.1 0.0 -1.0 0.0

Optical, photo, measuring, medical &

musical instruments; & timepieces. . . . . . .. XVIII 4.031 103.4 103.2 -0.5 -0.2 0.1 0.0 -0.2

Optical, photographic, measuring and

medical instruments.......................... 90 3.700 100.2 100.0 -0.4 -0.2 0.1 0.0 -0.2

Clocks and watches and parts thereof. . . . . .. 91 0.267 141.5 141.5 -0.6 0.2 -0.1 -0.1 0.0

Miscellaneous manufactured articles......... XX 4.208 112.1 111.9 -0.9 0.1 0.0 -0.1 -0.2

Furniture & stuffed furnishings; lamps &

lighting fittings, nesoi; prefab bldgs......... 94 2.573 116.6 116.4 -0.9 0.1 0.2 -0.3 -0.2

Toys, games and sports equipment; parts

and accessories thereof...................... 95 1.355 103.7 103.4 -1.3 0.0 -0.1 0.2 -0.3

Miscellaneous manufactured articles. . . . . . . .. 96 0.280 135.2 135.2 0.7 0.0 -0.1 0.0 0.0

1 Relative importance figures are based on 2014 trade values.

NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication.

Dash = Not available

10
Table 6. U.S. export price indexes and percent changes for selected categories of goods: July 2015 to July

2016

[2000=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description

Harmonized

system

Relative

importance

June

20161

Index Percent change

June

2016

July

2016

Annual Monthly

July

2015 to

July

2016

Mar.

2016 to

Apr.

2016

Apr.

2016 to

May

2016

May

2016 to

June

2016

June

2016 to

July

2016

Live animals; animal products................. I 1.733 186.9 189.7 0.2 0.1 0.8 1.1 1.5

Meat & edible meat offal (Dec. 2006=100)... 02 1.045 150.3 151.2 3.2 -0.2 2.3 0.8 0.6

Vegetable products............................... II 4.610 208.0 203.5 -4.5 1.2 4.7 4.2 -2.2

Edible fruit and nuts; peel of citrus fruit or

melons.......................................... 08 0.940 158.2 155.5 -9.1 -2.2 1.7 1.2 -1.7

Cereals............................................ 10 1.336 192.4 175.6 -16.7 0.6 3.9 4.2 -8.7

Oilseeds and misc. grains, seeds, fruits,

plants, straw and fodder..................... 12 1.756 220.3 227.9 4.8 3.3 9.2 7.6 3.4

Prepared foodstuffs, beverages,and

tobacco........................................... IV 2.990 150.4 151.9 -0.7 0.8 1.4 1.3 1.0

Preparations of vegetables, fruit, nuts or

other parts of plants (Dec. 2009=100). . . .. 20 0.377 118.9 118.8 0.4 0.1 0.0 -0.1 -0.1

Beverages, spirits, and vinegar (Dec.

2008=100)..................................... 22 0.549 111.3 112.3 3.6 1.0 2.9 1.8 0.9

Residues and waste from the food

industries; prepared animal feed............ 23 0.697 211.4 220.2 1.0 0.7 3.7 5.8 4.2

Mineral products.................................. V 6.801 167.6 170.0 -17.7 3.5 9.3 9.1 1.4

Ores, slag and ash (Dec. 2012=100)......... 26 0.480 75.9 75.7 -6.0 3.2 1.1 1.7 -0.3

Mineral fuels, oils and residuals, bituminous

substances and mineral waxes............. 27 6.119 160.1 162.6 -18.9 3.6 10.4 10.1 1.6

Products of the chemical or allied

industries........................................ VI 10.757 136.4 136.8 -4.5 0.9 0.4 0.1 0.3

Inorganic chemicals............................. 28 0.908 173.6 174.9 -5.3 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.7

Organic chemicals............................... 29 2.458 132.9 132.5 -8.6 1.5 0.5 0.2 -0.3

Pharmaceutical products....................... 30 2.918 107.3 109.4 -1.8 0.5 0.8 0.0 2.0

Tanning or dyeing extracts, dyes, paints

varnish, putty, & inks (Dec. 2015=100). . .. 32 0.547 99.1 99.2 – 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.1

Essential oils and resinoids; perfumery

cosmetic or toilet preparations.............. 33 0.831 134.5 134.6 -1.3 0.1 0.1 -0.1 0.1

Soap; lubricants; waxes, polishing or

scouring products; candles, pastes......... 34 0.516 116.5 115.0 -0.2 0.3 -0.1 0.1 -1.3

Miscellaneous chemical products............. 38 1.866 148.4 148.3 -2.1 2.2 0.5 0.5 -0.1

Plastics and articles thereof; rubber and

articles thereof.................................. VII 5.080 136.3 135.4 -4.7 0.5 0.1 -0.2 -0.7

Plastics and articles thereof.................... 39 4.100 131.7 131.0 -5.0 0.5 -0.1 0.0 -0.5

Rubber and articles thereof.................... 40 0.980 156.0 153.9 -3.5 0.4 0.8 -1.1 -1.3

Raw hides, skins, leather, furskins, travel

goods, etc........................................ VIII 0.328 119.4 119.9 -6.8 0.7 0.1 0.7 0.4

Raw hides and skins other than furskins

and leather (Dec.2014=100)................. 41 0.181 69.6 70.1 -8.1 1.3 0.3 0.3 0.7

Wood, wood charcoal, cork, straw, baskets

and wickerwork (Dec. 2014=100)............ IX 0.651 95.7 95.5 -0.5 1.1 0.3 0.3 -0.2

Woodpulp, recovered paper, and paper

products......................................... X 2.117 121.2 122.4 -1.6 0.2 0.2 -0.2 1.0

Woodpulp and recovered paper............... 47 0.607 122.5 127.7 -1.2 1.9 0.9 -0.9 4.2

Paper and paperboard; articles of paper

pulp, paper or paperboard................... 48 1.130 119.7 119.1 -3.1 -0.5 0.0 0.0 -0.5

Printed material (Dec. 2014=100)............. 49 0.380 100.4 100.4 1.7 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Textile and textile articles....................... XI 1.705 119.5 120.6 -1.6 0.5 0.1 0.1 0.9

Cotton, including yarns and woven fabrics

thereof.......................................... 52 0.395 117.9 124.9 3.3 2.5 2.3 2.3 5.9

See footnotes at end of table.

11
Table 6. U.S. export price indexes and percent changes for selected categories of goods: July 2015 to July

2016 — Continued

[2000=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description

Harmonized

system

Relative

importance

June

20161

Index Percent change

June

2016

July

2016

Annual Monthly

July

2015 to

July

2016

Mar.

2016 to

Apr.

2016

Apr.

2016 to

May

2016

May

2016 to

June

2016

June

2016 to

July

2016

Stone, plaster, cement, asbestos,

ceramics, glass etc............................ XIII 0.867 122.7 122.7 0.4 -0.2 0.1 0.1 0.0

Articles of stone, plaster, cement, asbestos,

or mica (Dec. 2015=100).................... 68 0.293 100.5 100.5 – 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Glass and glassware............................ 70 0.439 99.7 99.7 0.8 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.0

Pearls, stones, precious metals, imitation

jewelry, and coins.............................. XIV 4.351 229.6 240.6 4.3 -0.1 1.6 -2.1 4.8

Base metals and articles of base metals. . .. XV 4.961 143.3 143.9 -4.2 0.4 2.1 -1.0 0.4

Iron and steel.................................... 72 1.021 144.7 144.3 -8.7 3.4 7.0 -2.9 -0.3

Copper and articles thereof.................... 74 0.417 150.1 154.2 -15.2 -0.3 -0.7 -0.2 2.7

Aluminum and articles thereof................. 76 0.775 104.7 104.8 -6.9 0.3 2.8 -0.9 0.1

Tools, implements, cutlery, spoons and

forks, of base metal (Dec. 2015=100). . . .. 82 0.391 100.0 100.1 – -0.1 0.3 0.0 0.1

Miscellaneous articles of base metal. . . . . . . .. 83 0.354 147.7 147.7 -0.5 0.0 0.0 -0.3 0.0

Machinery, electrical equipment, TV image

and sound recorders, parts, etc............. XVI 29.784 96.0 95.9 -1.0 -0.1 0.0 0.1 -0.1

Machinery and mechanical appliances;

parts thereof................................... 84 17.824 113.0 113.0 -0.3 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0

Electrical machinery and equipment and

parts and accessories thereof............... 85 11.960 77.5 77.4 -2.3 0.0 0.0 -0.1 -0.1

Vehicles, aircraft, vessels and associated

transport equipment........................... XVII 15.151 131.6 131.4 0.4 0.3 0.1 0.1 -0.2

Motor vehicles and their parts................. 87 9.222 114.9 114.8 -0.2 0.3 0.0 0.0 -0.1

Optical, photo, measuring, medical &

musical instruments; & timepieces. . . . . . .. XVIII 6.191 106.2 106.0 -1.6 0.1 -0.1 -0.7 -0.2

Miscellaneous manufactured articles......... XX 1.546 111.6 112.2 0.6 0.1 -0.7 0.7 0.5

Furniture; stuffed furnishings; lamps and

lighting fittings nesoi;......................... 94 0.922 126.2 127.6 3.0 0.3 -0.4 1.0 1.1

Toys, games and sports equipment; parts

and accessories thereof...................... 95 0.471 89.2 89.2 -0.4 -0.3 -0.3 0.0 0.0

1 Relative importance figures are based on 2014 trade values.

NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication.

Dash = Not available

12
Table 7. U.S. import price indexes and percent changes by locality of origin: July 2015 to July 2016

[2000=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description

Relative

importance

June

20161

Index Percent change

June

2016

July

2016

Annual Monthly

July 2015

to July

2016

Mar. 2016

to Apr.

2016

Apr. 2016

to May

2016

May 2016

to June

2016

June 2016

to July

2016

Industrialized Countries2

.................... 100.000 117.6 117.8 -2.9 0.8 1.4 0.9 0.2

Nonmanufactured articles................... 7.882 128.3 127.3 -14.7 9.3 8.4 9.7 -0.8

Manufactured articles........................ 91.683 116.3 116.6 -1.9 0.1 0.9 0.2 0.3

Other Countries3

.............................. 100.000 118.3 117.7 -4.5 0.6 1.4 0.6 -0.5

Nonmanufactured articles................... 8.607 172.5 171.4 -19.3 6.3 10.7 5.2 -0.6

Manufactured articles........................ 91.154 103.2 102.7 -2.5 0.2 0.6 0.2 -0.5

Canada.......................................... 100.000 120.6 120.9 -5.5 3.3 3.1 2.7 0.2

Nonmanufactured articles................... 22.398 122.6 121.5 -15.2 9.9 8.7 10.4 -0.9

Manufactured articles........................ 76.837 124.0 124.8 -2.6 1.7 1.7 0.7 0.6

European Union4

.............................. 100.000 132.1 131.7 -2.3 0.2 0.6 0.1 -0.3

Manufactured articles........................ 99.517 128.7 128.3 -2.3 0.2 0.5 0.1 -0.3

France (Dec. 2003=100)...................... 100.000 122.6 122.6 0.7 0.1 0.2 -0.2 0.0

Germany (Dec. 2003=100)................... 100.000 113.2 113.1 -3.3 -0.3 0.1 0.0 -0.1

United Kingdom (Dec. 2003=100).......... 100.000 118.9 118.9 -2.2 0.1 0.3 0.1 0.0

Latin America5

................................. 100.000 139.3 139.4 -5.9 0.8 1.8 0.8 0.1

Nonmanufactured articles................... 16.483 195.7 198.0 -14.3 5.1 10.0 4.8 1.2

Manufactured articles........................ 83.049 119.3 119.2 -4.0 0.1 0.4 0.0 -0.1

Mexico (Dec. 2003=100)...................... 100.000 125.9 125.7 -3.9 0.3 1.0 0.2 -0.2

Nonmanufactured articles (Dec.

2008=100).................................. 8.246 104.1 116.1 -10.8 5.0 11.1 3.3 11.5

Manufactured articles (Dec. 2008=100). .. 91.292 88.9 87.8 -2.9 -0.1 0.2 0.0 -1.2

Pacific Rim (Dec. 2003=100)6

............... 100.000 98.5 98.5 -1.6 -0.1 0.0 -0.2 0.0

China (Dec. 2003=100)....................... 100.000 101.0 100.9 -1.8 -0.1 -0.1 -0.2 -0.1

Japan............................................ 100.000 95.2 95.4 -0.2 0.0 0.1 -0.1 0.2

Asian NICs7..................................... 100.000 84.4 83.9 -2.3 -0.1 0.1 -0.4 -0.6

ASEAN (Dec. 2003=100)8.................... 100.000 97.2 96.8 -1.5 0.4 0.1 0.4 -0.4

Asia Near East (Dec. 2003=100)9

........... 100.000 143.1 135.6 -23.4 6.8 6.2 2.9 -5.2

1 Relative importance figures are based on 2014 trade values.

2 Western Europe, Canada, Japan, Australia, New Zealand and South Africa.

3 Eastern Europe, Latin America, OPEC countries, and other countries in Asia, Africa and the Western Hemisphere.

4 European Union countries.

5 Mexico, Central America, South America and the Caribbean.

6 China, Japan, Australia, Brunei, Indonesia, Macao, Malaysia, New Zealand, Papua New Guinea, Philippines and the Asian Newly Industrialized

Countries.

7 Asian Newly Industrialized Countries - Hong Kong, Singapore, South Korea and Taiwan.

8 Association of Southeast Asian Nations - Brunei, Cambodia, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, Philippines, Singapore, Thailand and Vietnam.

9 Bahrain, Iran, Iraq, Israel, Jordan, Kuwait, Lebanon, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Syria, United Arab Emirates and Yemen.

NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication.

Regions are not mutually exclusive.

Dash = Not available

13
Table 8. U.S. international price indexes and percent changes for selected transportation services: July 2015 to

July 2016

[2000=100, unless otherwise noted]

Description

Relative

importance

June

20161

Index Percent change

June

2016

July

2016

Annual Monthly

July 2015

to July

2016

Mar. 2016

to Apr.

2016

Apr. 2016

to May

2016

May 2016

to June

2016

June

2016 to

July 2016

Air Freight

Import Air Freight.................................... 100.000 148.0 151.7 -7.7 0.9 -0.9 -2.1 2.5

Europe (Dec. 2003=100).......................... 24.445 138.0 137.6 -7.5 -3.3 1.4 0.2 -0.3

Asia.................................................. 61.249 128.9 134.3 -8.9 3.0 -2.2 -3.2 4.2

Export Air Freight................................... 100.000 153.5 153.2 -3.2 0.1 0.2 -0.5 -0.2

Europe (Dec. 2006=100).......................... 37.825 145.5 145.5 -4.0 -0.5 0.0 0.0 0.0

Inbound Air Freight................................. 100.000 142.2 143.5 -7.5 1.2 -1.5 -1.4 0.9

Europe (Dec. 2003=100).......................... 29.170 135.4 133.4 -5.1 -0.1 0.7 0.0 -1.5

Asia.................................................. 56.005 123.0 126.6 -10.1 2.4 -3.1 -2.5 2.9

Outbound Air Freight............................... 100.000 138.0 136.9 -9.2 -2.0 0.1 -0.3 -0.8

Europe (Dec. 2003=100).......................... 32.403 141.0 141.6 -10.6 -6.1 0.0 -1.0 0.4

Asia.................................................. 43.714 131.6 129.2 -11.6 0.0 0.0 0.0 -1.8

Air Passenger Fares

Import Air Passenger Fares....................... 100.000 188.8 181.4 -8.3 3.5 1.5 0.3 -3.9

Europe............................................... 45.399 224.0 205.2 -8.9 5.1 0.5 1.1 -8.4

Asia.................................................. 24.674 147.7 143.1 -6.8 3.8 3.0 5.9 -3.1

Latin America/Caribbean.......................... 8.972 152.3 156.9 -4.7 -2.2 -0.7 5.7 3.0

Export Air Passenger Fares....................... 100.000 151.5 158.2 -9.4 -6.0 -0.5 3.4 4.4

Europe............................................... 33.762 208.3 200.4 -15.9 -11.4 -3.4 9.0 -3.8

Asia.................................................. 30.306 134.5 142.5 -0.9 -3.7 7.8 0.8 5.9

Latin America/Caribbean.......................... 23.674 152.8 170.3 -2.8 -4.3 0.1 2.0 11.5

1 Relative importance figures are based on 2014 trade values.

NOTES: Data may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication.

Dash = Not available

14
15 

TECHNICAL NOTE

Import and Export Merchandise and Services Price Indexes - All indexes use a modified Laspeyres 

formula and are not seasonally adjusted. Price indexes are reweighted annually, with a 2-year lag in the 

weights. Published series use a base year of 2000=100 where possible. More detailed index series and 

additional information may be obtained at www.bls.gov/mxp or by calling (202) 691-7101. 

Merchandise Goods Classification Systems - The merchandise price indexes are published using three 

classification systems. Items are classified by end use according to the Bureau of Economic Analysis 

Classification System, by industry according to the North American Industry Classification System 

(NAICS), and by product category according to the Harmonized System (HS). While classification by 

end use and product category are self-explanatory, some notes are in order for classifying items by 

industry. In the NAICS imports and exports tables, items are classified by output industry, not input 

industry. As an example, NAICS import index 326 (plastics and rubber products manufacturing) include 

outputs such as manufactured plastic rather than inputs such as petroleum. The NAICS classification 

structure also matches the classification system used by the Producer Price Index (PPI) to produce the 

NAICS primary products indexes.

Import Price Indexes - Products have been classified by the Harmonized Tariff Schedule of the United 

States Annotated (TSUSA). Import prices are based on U.S. dollar prices paid by the U.S. importer. The 

prices are generally either "free on board" (f.o.b.) foreign port or "cost, insurance, and freight" (c.i.f.) 

U.S. port transaction prices, depending on the practices of the individual industry. The index for crude 

petroleum is calculated from data collected by the U.S. Department of Energy. 

Export Price Indexes - Products have been classified by the Harmonized Schedule B classification 

system of the U.S. Bureau of the Census. The prices used are generally either "free alongside ship" 

(f.a.s.) factory or "free on board" (f.o.b.) transaction prices, depending on the practices of the individual 

industry. Prices used in the grain index, excluding rice, are obtained from the U.S. Department of 

Agriculture. 

Services Price Indexes - Starting in September 2008, the import air passenger fares indexes represent 

changes in the average revenue per passenger received by foreign carriers from U.S. residents and are 

calculated from data obtained from an airline consulting service. These data include tickets sold by 

travel agencies and travel websites. Tickets sold directly by the airlines are excluded, as are frequent 

flyer tickets generally. Starting in January 2008, the export air passenger fares indexes represent changes 

in the average revenue per passenger received by U.S. carriers from foreign residents and are calculated 

from data collected directly from airlines. These data include frequent flyer tickets and those sold by 

consolidators. Taxes and fees are included in the import air passenger fares indexes and excluded from 

the export air passenger fares indexes. The air freight indexes are calculated from data collected directly 

from airlines. These data exclude mail and passenger baggage. The scope of the service being priced is 

the movement of freight from airport to airport only, and does not include any ground transportation or 

port service. The air freight indexes are presented using two definitions: balance of payments (which 

represent transactions between U.S. and foreign residents) and international (which represent 

transactions inbound to and outbound from the U.S.). Fact sheets specifying detailed information for 

each services industry are available at www.bls.gov/mxp under "MXP Publications."
16 

Import Indexes by Locality of Origin - Prices used in these indexes are a subset of the data collected 

for the import price indexes. Beginning with January 2002, the indexes are defined by locality of origin 

using a nomenclature based upon the North American Industry Classification System (NAICS). 

Nonmanufactured goods are defined as NAICS 11 and 21, and manufactured goods are defined as 

NAICS 31-33. 

Revision Policy - To reflect the availability of late reports and corrections by respondents, monthly data 

may be revised in each of the 3 months after original publication. After 3 months, no further data 

revisions take place. For example, data first published in the January release will be subject to revision 

in the releases for February, March, and April. 

Uses of the Data - The primary use of the indexes is to deflate trade statistics, notably the foreign trade 

sector of the National Income and Product Accounts (NIPA) constructed by the Department of 

Commerce. Other published indexes are useful for general market analysis. For trade in international 

services, balance of payments indexes are used for deflating NIPA, while international indexes are more 

appropriate for market analysis. Merchandise and services indexes also can be used to study U.S. 

competitiveness and to compute price elasticities, and the merchandise import indexes by country or 

region of origin are useful in terms of trade analysis. 

Email Subscription - The U.S. import and export price indexes news release is available through an 

email subscription service at www.bls.gov/bls/list.htm. 

 

Additional Information - More detailed data are available on the Import/Export Price Indexes home 

page at www.bls.gov/mxp. For import and export price indexes data requests, send an email to 

mxpinfo@bls.gov. 

Information from this release will be made available to sensory impaired individuals upon request. 

Voice phone: (202)-691-5200; Federal Relay Service: 1-(800)-877-8339.