1

Technical information: (202) 691-6392

http://www.bls.gov/mls/

Media contact: 691-5902

USDL 04-70

For release: 10:00 A.M. EST

Thursday, January 22, 2004

MASS LAYOFFS IN DECEMBER 2003 AND ANNUAL AVERAGES FOR 2003

Employers initiated 1,929 mass layoff actions in December 2003, as measured by new filings for

unemployment insurance benefits during the month, according to data from the U.S. Department of Labor’s

Bureau of Labor Statistics. Each action involved at least 50 persons from a single establishment, and the

number of workers involved totaled 192,633. (See table 1.) The number of layoff events and initial claims

were sharply lower than a year ago, with both measures at the lowest levels for December since 1999.

Fewer mass-layoff initial claims were filed against employers in motion picture and video production, in

highway, street, and bridge construction, and in temporary help services in December 2003 compared with

December 2002.

The total of layoff events for all of 2003 was 18,963 and the total of initial claimants was 1,888,926.

The annual totals were lower than in 2002 (20,277 and 2,245,051, respectively). Additional information on

the annual data is provided starting on page 3 of this release.

Industry Distribution

School and employee bus transportation, with 12,178 initial claimants, and highway, street, and bridge

construction, with 11,254 initial claimants, together accounted for 12 percent of all initial claims in December.

(See table A.) The 10 industries reporting the highest number of mass-layoff initial claims accounted for

29 percent of the total.

The manufacturing sector recorded 34 percent of all mass layoff events and 40 percent of all initial claims

filed in December. A year ago, manufacturing reported 40 percent of events and 48 percent of initial claims.

Within manufacturing, the number of claimants was highest in transportation equipment (21,061) and food

processing (9,285). (See table 2.)

Construction accounted for 17 percent of events and 13 percent of initial claims filed in December, with

layoffs mostly in highway, street, and bridge construction. Administrative and waste services accounted for

10 percent of events and 9 percent of initial claims during the month, mainly in temporary help services.

Seven percent of the events and 8 percent of the initial claims were from the transportation and warehousing

sector, largely among school and employee bus transportation. An additional 7 percent of all layoff events

and 8 percent of initial claims filed during December were from accommodation and food services, primarily

among food services contractors.

Government establishments accounted for 4 percent of events and 3 percent of initial claims filed during

the month, particularly in executive, legislative and general government.
2

Table A. Industries with the largest mass-layoff initial claims in December 2003

Industry Initial claims Year Initial claims

School and employee bus transportation................ 12,178 1996 13,146

Highway, street, and bridge construction ............... 11,254 2000 17,277

Food service contractors....................................... 9,229 2003 9,229

Temporary help services........................................ 7,661 2001 14,929

Professional employer organizations ....................... 2,822 2000 4,032

Misc. plastics product manufacturing ..................... 2,713 2002 5,563

Misc. transportation equipment mfg. ...................... 2,659 2003 2,659

Light truck and utility vehicle mfg. .......................... 2,597 2000 7,338

Manufactured home, mobile home, mfg. ................ 2,380 2002 2,601

Household refrigerator and home freezer

 manufacturing ...................................................... 2,324 2000 5,758

December peak

p=preliminary.

p

Compared with December 2002, the largest decreases in initial claims were reported in plastics and

rubber products manufacturing (-8,197), motion picture and sound recording industries (-5,454), and

computer and electronic product manufacturing (-5,294). The largest over-the-year increase in initial claims

was in professional and technical services (+1,500).

Geographic Distribution

Among the four regions, the highest number of initial claims in December due to mass layoffs was

reported in the Midwest, 87,806. (See table 3.) Transportation equipment manufacturing and heavy and

civil engineering construction accounted for 33 percent of all initial claims in that region during the month.

The West region was next, with 37,923 initial claims, followed by the Northeast, with 34,437, and the

South, with 32,467.

The number of initial claimants in mass layoffs declined over the year in all four of the regions, with the

largest decrease in the South (-28,193). This was the first December in which all four regions had over-theyear declines since the mass layoffs program began in 1995. Eight of the nine geographic divisions had overthe-year decreases in the number of initial claims associated with mass layoffs, with the largest decreases in

the Pacific (-20,430) and South Atlantic (-14,776) divisions. The Mountain division had the only increase

(+144).

Among the states, California recorded the largest number of initial claims filed in mass layoff events in

December, 25,953, mostly in administrative and support services, followed by professional and technical

services and educational services. Indiana reported 15,330 initial claims, followed by Illinois (15,006) and

Michigan (12,275). These four states accounted for 37 percent of all layoff events and 36 percent of initial

claims for unemployment insurance. (See table 4.)

California registered the largest over-the-year decrease in the number of initial claims (-16,272), followed

by South Carolina (-11,205). The largest over-the-year increase occurred in Michigan (+5,775).
3

Table B. Number of mass layoff events and initial claimants

for unemployment insurance, 1996-2003

Year Layoff events

1996 ............... 14,111 1,437,628

1997 ............... 14,960 1,542,543

1998 ............... 15,904 1,771,069

1999 ............... 14,909 1,572,399

2000 ............... 15,738 1,835,592

2001 ............... 21,467 2,514,862

2002 ............... 20,277 2,245,051

2003 ............... 18,963 1,888,926

r

Initial claimants for

unemployment insurance

r=revised.

Review of 2003

During 2003, 18,963 layoff events occurred, resulting in 1,888,926 initial claim filings for unemployment

insurance. In 2002, there were 20,277 events and 2,245,051 initial claimants. (See table B.)

The 10 industries with the highest number of mass-layoff initial claims accounted for 25 percent of the

total in 2003. (See table C.) In 2002, they comprised 23 percent of the total. The top five industries had

the same rankings in both years.

Manufacturing accounted for 32 percent of all mass layoff events and 39 percent of initial claims filed

during 2003. A year earlier, manufacturing accounted for 35 percent of events and 40 percent of initial

claims. Initial claim filings were most numerous in transportation equipment, 178,282, followed by food

processing, 87,353, and machinery manufacturing, 60,370. Compared with 2002, the largest decrease in

initial claims occurred in computer and electronic products (-39,070) and machinery manufacturing (-27,340).

The largest over-the-year increase in initial claims occurred in transportation equipment (+1,777).

The number of initial claims filed in 2003 due to mass layoffs was higher in the West, 594,937, than in

any other region. Layoffs in administrative and support services, motion picture and sound recording, and

agricultural and forestry support activities accounted for 32 percent of the claims in the West. The fewest

number of mass-layoff initial claims was reported in the Northeast region, 306,462. For the second

consecutive year, over-the-year decreases in mass-layoff initial claims occurred in each of the four regions.

The largest decreases in initial claims were in the West (-151,121) and South (-110,520).

Among the 50 states and the District of Columbia, California recorded the largest number of initial claims

filed in mass layoff events for the period (467,573), 25 percent of the national total. The states with the next

highest numbers of initial claims were Pennsylvania (112,356), Ohio (102,864), New York (93,583), and

Illinois (90,181). Half of all events and 46 percent of all initial claims were from these five states.

California reported the largest over-the-year decrease in initial claims (-108,537), followed by Texas

(-36,208), and South Carolina (-30,005). The largest over-the-year increases occurred in New York

(+8,005) and Georgia (+7,121).
4

Temporary help services ................................ 119,738 1 154,797 1

School and employee bus transportation ........ 61,465 2 64,559 2

Motion picture and video production ............. 46,006 3 51,255 3

Highway, street, and bridge contruction ......... 38,635 4 42,700 4

Food service contractors ............................... 37,446 5 37,363 5

Automobile manufacturing .............................. 36,152 6 24,464 11

Elementary and secondary schools ................. 35,494 7 27,443 10

Professional employer organizations ............... 32,031 8 36,951 6

Supermarkets and other grocery stores.......... 31,713 9 20,183 15

Farm labor contractors and crew leaders....... 28,967 10 35,926 7

Table C. Industries with largest mass layoff initial claims in 2003

Industry

 p=preliminary.

Initial claims

2003

Rank Initial claims

p

Rank

2002

Note

The monthly data series in this release cover mass layoffs of 50 or more workers beginning in a given

month, regardless of the duration of the layoffs. Information on the length of the layoff is obtained later and

issued in a quarterly release that reports on mass layoffs lasting more than 30 days (referred to as “extended

mass layoffs”). The quarterly release provides more information on the industry classification and location of

the establishment and on the demographics of the laid-off workers. Because monthly figures include shortterm layoffs of 30 days or less, the sum of the figures for the 3 months in a quarter will be higher than the

quarterly figure for mass layoffs of more than 30 days. (See table 1.) See the Technical Note for more

detailed definitions.

_____________________________

The report on Extended Mass Layoffs in the Fourth Quarter of 2003 is scheduled to be released on

Thursday, February 12, 2004. The report on Mass Layoffs in January 2004 is scheduled to be released on

Wednesday, February 25, 2004.
Technical Note

The Mass Layoff Statistics (MLS) program is a federal-state

program that uses a standardized, automated approach to identifying,

describing, and tracking the effects of major job cutbacks, using data

from each state’s unemployment insurance database. Each month,

states report on establishments which have at least 50 initial claims

filed against them during a consecutive 5-week period. These

establishments then are contacted by the state agency to determine

whether these separations lasted 31 days or longer, and, if so, other

information concerning the layoff is collected. States report on layoffs

lasting more than 1 month on a quarterly basis.

A given month contains an aggregation of the weekly unemployment

insurance claims filings for the Sunday through Saturday weeks in that

month. All weeks are included for the particular month, except if the

first day of the month falls on Saturday. In this case, the week is

included in the prior month's tabulations. This means that some

months will contain 4 weeks and others 5 weeks, and the number of

weeks in a given month may be different from year to year. Therefore,

analysis of over-the-month and over-the-year change should take this

calendar effect into consideration.

The MLS program resumed operations in April 1995 after it

had been terminated in November 1992 due to lack of funding. Prior

to April 1995, monthly layoff statistics were not available.

Information in this release will be made available to sensory

impaired individuals upon request. Voice phone: 202-691-5200;

TDD message referral phone number: 1-800-877-8339.

Definitions

Initial claimant. A person who files any notice of unemployment to initiate a request either for a determination of entitlement to and eligibility for compensation, or for a subsequent

period of unemployment within a benefit year or period of

eligibility.

Mass layoff event. Fifty or more initial claims for unemployment

insurance benefits filed against an establishment during a 5-week

period, regardless of duration.
Table 1. Mass layoff events and initial claimants for unemployment insurance, October 2001 to December 2003

Date

Total mass layoffs Extended mass layoffs 

lasting more than 30 days Realization rates1

Events Initial

claimants Events Initial

claimants Events Initial

claimants

2001

October ....................................................................... 1,831 215,483 

November ................................................................... 2,721 295,956 

December ................................................................... 2,440 268,893 

Fourth Quarter ............................................................ 6,992 780,332 2,697 502,502 38.6 64.4 

2002

January ....................................................................... 2,146 263,777 

February ..................................................................... 1,382 138,808 

March ......................................................................... 1,460 161,316 

First Quarter ............................................................... 4,988 563,901 1,750 316,489 35.1 56.1 

April ............................................................................ 1,506 165,814 

May ............................................................................. 1,723 179,799 

June ............................................................................ 1,584 162,189 

Second Quarter .......................................................... 4,813 507,802 1,905 353,017 39.6 69.5 

July ............................................................................. 2,042 245,294 

August ........................................................................ 1,248 128,103 

September .................................................................. 1,062 124,522 

Third Quarter .............................................................. 4,352 497,919 1,383 284,629 31.8 57.2 

October ....................................................................... 1,497 171,100 

November ................................................................... 2,153 240,171 

December ................................................................... 2,474 264,158 

Fourth Quarter ............................................................ 6,124 675,429 2,257 421,570 36.9 62.4 

2003

January ....................................................................... 2,315 225,430 

February ..................................................................... 1,363 124,965 

March ......................................................................... 1,207 113,026 

First Quarter ............................................................... 4,885 463,421 1,700 333,197 34.8 71.9 

April ............................................................................ 1,581 161,412 

May ............................................................................. 1,703 174,204 

June ............................................................................ 1,691 157,552 

Second Quarter .......................................................... 4,975 493,168 2,131 415,316 42.8 84.2 

July ............................................................................. 2,087 226,435 

August ........................................................................ 1,258 133,839 

September .................................................................. 868 82,647 

Third Quarter .............................................................. 4,213 442,921 2, p1,375 2, p181,793 p32.6 p41.0

October ....................................................................... 1,523 158,240 

November p

 ............................................................... 1,438 138,543 

December p

 .............................................................. 1,929 192,633 

Fourth Quarter p

 ......................................................... 4,890 489,416 

 1 The event realization rate is the percentage of total mass layoff data on these layoffs become avaliable. Recent experience suggests

events lasting more than 30 days. The initial claimant realization rate that the number of extended mass layoff events is generally revised

is the percentage of total mass-layoff initial claimants associated with upwards by less than 10 percent and the number of initial claimants

layoffs lasting more than 30 days. associated with such events increases by 25-40 percent.

 2

 These quarterly numbers are provisional and will increase as more p = preliminary.
Table 2. Industry distribution: Mass layoff events and initial claimants for unemployment insurance

Industry

Mass layoff events Initial claimants for

unemployment insurance

December October November December December October November December

2002 2003 2003p 2003p 2002 2003 2003p 2003p

 Total1 ..................................................................... 2,474 1,523 1,438 1,929 264,158 158,240 138,543 192,633 

Total, private ............................................................... 2,396 1,453 1,380 1,846 257,470 150,713 133,818 185,928 

 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting ................ 72 188 146 53 4,663 13,007 10,294 3,178 

 Mining ..................................................................... 26 5 8 21 1,981 343 568 1,937 

 Utilities .................................................................... 4 ( 2 ) 4 3 401 ( 2 ) 308 160 

 Construction ........................................................... 408 143 263 335 31,998 11,422 20,999 25,684 

 Manufacturing.......................................................... 984 438 408 648 126,826 53,741 48,419 77,915 

 Food ................................................................... 89 96 70 89 10,597 10,034 8,410 9,285 

 Beverage and tobacco products ......................... 9 16 9 5 1,032 1,237 938 781 

 Textile mills ......................................................... 46 9 13 31 6,676 1,533 1,178 4,299 

 Textile product mills ............................................ 23 8 8 14 3,014 881 483 2,102 

 Apparel ............................................................... 42 25 14 32 5,101 2,592 1,269 3,232 

 Leather and allied products ................................ 10 ( 2 ) ( 2 ) 7 854 ( 2 ) ( 2 ) 842 

 Wood products ................................................... 64 15 29 55 7,219 1,163 3,852 5,000 

 Paper .................................................................. 21 12 12 12 1,540 1,049 856 934 

 Printing and related support activities ................ 11 11 8 7 1,186 998 570 627 

 Petroleum and coal products .............................. 9 ( 2 ) ( 2 ) 10 932 ( 2 ) ( 2 ) 863 

 Chemicals ........................................................... 11 7 10 9 1,523 546 908 735 

 Plastics and rubber products .............................. 77 16 27 40 11,776 1,390 2,085 3,579 

 Nonmetallic mineral products ............................. 54 13 21 49 5,366 1,193 2,089 4,079 

 Primary metals ................................................... 65 29 22 33 7,179 3,444 2,470 3,421 

 Fabricated metal products .................................. 72 23 31 39 8,249 2,093 2,696 4,045 

 Machinery ........................................................... 57 35 28 24 7,547 7,212 4,642 3,629 

 Computer and electronic products ..................... 69 26 19 19 6,702 2,361 1,468 1,408 

 Electrical equipment and appliances .................. 39 11 12 20 8,304 2,493 2,671 4,726 

 Transportation equipment .................................. 158 55 51 122 25,408 10,229 9,696 21,061 

 Furniture and related products ........................... 35 15 10 14 3,868 1,995 856 1,607 

 Miscellaneous manufacturing ............................. 23 11 8 17 2,753 883 891 1,660 

 Wholesale trade ..................................................... 36 22 23 27 2,748 1,760 2,421 2,443 

 Retail trade ............................................................. 113 115 76 98 11,417 21,870 6,877 9,203 

 Transportation and warehousing ............................ 141 37 42 131 15,874 3,003 4,127 15,528 

 Information ............................................................. 54 52 37 40 10,396 7,755 5,918 3,839 

 Finance and insurance ........................................... 27 35 19 27 2,095 2,541 1,485 1,764 

 Real estate and rental and leasing ......................... 7 12 8 4 431 718 432 562 

 Professional and technical services ....................... 56 30 33 57 4,595 2,447 3,175 6,095 

 Management of companies and enterprises .......... 3 ( 2 ) ( 2 ) 3 1,458 ( 2 ) ( 2 ) 296 

 Administrative and waste services ......................... 228 233 163 200 20,106 21,380 13,925 17,256 

 Educational services............................................... 8 ( 2 ) ( 2 ) 6 475 ( 2 ) ( 2 ) 327 

 Health care and social assistance .......................... 28 37 28 27 3,337 2,407 2,243 2,075 

 Arts, entertainment, and recreation ........................ 25 28 26 20 1,724 2,039 1,920 1,795 

 Accommodation and food services ........................ 155 62 75 131 15,302 5,176 7,348 14,701 

 Other services, except public administration........... 15 7 15 12 1,174 459 1,081 955 

 Unclassified ........................................................... 6 5 2 3 469 343 1,646 215 

Government ................................................................ 78 70 58 83 6,688 7,527 4,725 6,705 

 Federal ................................................................... 6 20 9 13 672 1,649 820 1,419 

 State ....................................................................... 14 16 22 10 1,031 1,383 1,917 830 

 Local ....................................................................... 58 34 27 60 4,985 4,495 1,988 4,456 

 1 Data were reported by all states and the District of Columbia. NOTE: Industry data reflect the North American Industry

 2 Data do not meet BLS or state agency disclosure standards. Classification System (NAICS), 2002. 

 p = preliminary.
Table 3. Mass layoff events and initial claimants for unemployment insurance by census region and division

Census region and division

Mass layoff events Initial claimants for

unemployment insurance

December October November December December October November December

2002 2003 2003p 2003p 2002 2003 2003p 2003p

 United States1 ..................................................... 2,474 1,523 1,438 1,929 264,158 158,240 138,543 192,633 

Northeast .................................................................... 444 184 210 350 43,796 17,061 21,478 34,437 

 New England .......................................................... 119 16 29 66 13,823 1,157 2,282 6,904 

 Middle Atlantic ........................................................ 325 168 181 284 29,973 15,904 19,196 27,533 

South .......................................................................... 557 278 265 335 60,660 29,371 27,438 32,467 

 South Atlantic ......................................................... 290 134 135 192 32,679 13,270 13,822 17,903 

 East South Central ................................................. 140 44 35 59 16,041 5,310 4,212 6,510 

 West South Central ................................................ 127 100 95 84 11,940 10,791 9,404 8,054 

Midwest ...................................................................... 830 325 426 780 101,493 43,432 46,298 87,806 

 East North Central .................................................. 609 264 313 596 71,477 27,841 31,687 64,802 

 West North Central ................................................. 221 61 113 184 30,016 15,591 14,611 23,004 

West ........................................................................... 643 736 537 464 58,209 68,376 43,329 37,923 

 Mountain ................................................................. 76 47 51 63 6,881 4,038 4,606 7,025 

 Pacific ..................................................................... 567 689 486 401 51,328 64,338 38,723 30,898 

 1

 See footnote 1, table 2. Carolina, South Carolina, Virginia, and West Virginia; East South Central: p

 = preliminary. Alabama, Kentucky, Mississippi, and Tennessee; West South Central: Arkansas, NOTE: The States (including the District of Columbia) that comprise Louisiana, Oklahoma, and Texas; East North Central: Illinois, Indiana, Michigan, 

the census divisions are: New England: Connecticut, Maine, Ohio, and Wisconsin; West North Central: Iowa, Kansas, Minnesota, Missouri, 

Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Rhode Island, and Vermont; Middle Nebraska, North Dakota, and South Dakota; Mountain: Arizona, Colorado, Idaho, 

Atlantic: New Jersey, New York, and Pennsylvania; South Atlantic: Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Utah, and Wyoming; and Pacific: Alaska, 

Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Maryland, North California, Hawaii, Oregon, and Washington.
Table 4. State distribution: Mass layoff events and initial claimants for unemployment insurance

State Mass layoff events Initial claimants for

unemployment insurance

December October November December December October November December

2002 2003 2003p 2003p 2002 2003 2003p 2003p

 Total1 ....................................................................... 2,474 1,523 1,438 1,929 264,158 158,240 138,543 192,633 

Alabama ..................................................................... 32 13 10 27 3,532 1,671 1,384 3,728 

Alaska ......................................................................... 3 3 6 3 175 295 561 213 

Arizona ....................................................................... 10 8 4 8 852 700 257 551 

Arkansas .................................................................... 8 6 3 6 773 1,140 777 656 

California .................................................................... 485 616 420 346 42,225 57,322 32,200 25,953 

Colorado ..................................................................... 9 8 7 11 1,013 581 549 1,107 

Connecticut ................................................................ 8 3 4 13 801 200 312 1,166 

Delaware .................................................................... ( 2 ) ( 2 ) ( 2 ) ( 2 ) ( 2 ) ( 2 ) ( 2 ) ( 2 )

District of Columbia .................................................... ( 2 ) – ( 2 ) 4 ( 2 ) – ( 2 ) 287 

Florida ........................................................................ 77 66 55 63 5,377 4,608 3,533 4,826 

Georgia ....................................................................... 58 23 18 31 5,417 2,838 1,771 3,354 

Hawaii ......................................................................... 7 6 ( 2 ) 6 1,448 462 ( 2 ) 506 

Idaho .......................................................................... 18 10 11 12 1,339 1,203 1,408 1,647 

Illinois ......................................................................... 122 74 57 123 15,469 7,890 5,785 15,006 

Indiana ........................................................................ 119 22 42 108 20,385 2,118 4,269 15,330 

Iowa ............................................................................ 65 18 29 46 8,024 3,680 3,464 5,305 

Kansas ....................................................................... 22 6 6 29 3,942 738 696 3,518 

Kentucky ..................................................................... 79 23 14 9 9,849 3,136 1,649 995 

Louisiana .................................................................... 27 12 23 15 1,691 1,045 1,773 991 

Maine .......................................................................... 8 3 4 5 604 180 306 424 

Maryland ..................................................................... 4 4 9 15 472 256 843 1,119 

Massachusetts ........................................................... 63 9 17 24 7,495 713 1,373 2,568 

Michigan ..................................................................... 71 42 48 135 6,500 4,263 5,058 12,275 

Minnesota ................................................................... 51 17 44 51 6,748 2,845 3,849 6,342 

Mississippi .................................................................. 10 4 3 8 788 200 165 450 

Missouri ...................................................................... 58 18 22 45 8,606 8,165 5,651 6,180 

Montana ..................................................................... 4 5 5 7 538 360 428 918 

Nebraska .................................................................... 18 ( 2 ) 7 10 2,015 ( 2 ) 412 1,411 

Nevada ....................................................................... 26 10 14 20 2,426 835 1,156 2,351 

New Hampshire .......................................................... 11 ( 2 ) ( 2 ) ( 2 ) 1,210 ( 2 ) ( 2 ) ( 2 )

New Jersey ................................................................. 74 27 43 76 7,315 2,906 5,985 6,895 

New Mexico ................................................................ 9 ( 2 ) 4 3 713 ( 2 ) 212 278 

New York .................................................................... 101 44 59 88 9,599 3,855 5,648 9,448 

North Carolina ............................................................ 10 19 23 23 793 2,039 3,635 1,857 

North Dakota .............................................................. 5 – 4 ( 2 ) 483 – 474 ( 2 )

Ohio ............................................................................ 124 66 75 117 11,472 7,316 6,464 10,693 

Oklahoma ................................................................... 23 12 3 12 2,910 1,614 406 1,278 

Oregon ....................................................................... 45 39 26 26 5,250 3,784 3,058 2,498 

Pennsylvania .............................................................. 150 97 79 120 13,059 9,143 7,563 11,190 

Rhode Island .............................................................. 21 – ( 2

 ) 12 2,921 – ( 2 ) 1,775 

South Carolina ............................................................ 91 7 7 17 13,918 706 547 2,713 

South Dakota .............................................................. ( 2 ) – ( 2 ) ( 2 ) ( 2 ) – ( 2 ) ( 2 )

Tennessee .................................................................. 19 4 8 15 1,872 303 1,014 1,337 

Texas .......................................................................... 69 70 66 51 6,566 6,992 6,448 5,129 

Utah ............................................................................ – ( 2 ) 6 ( 2 ) – ( 2 ) 596 ( 2 )

Vermont ...................................................................... 8 – ( 2 ) 10 792 – ( 2 ) 794 

Virginia ....................................................................... 45 14 16 34 6,298 1,376 2,644 3,372 

Washington ................................................................ 27 25 32 20 2,230 2,475 2,751 1,728 

West Virginia .............................................................. ( 2 ) – 5 3 ( 2 ) – 556 176 

Wisconsin ................................................................... 173 60 91 113 17,651 6,254 10,111 11,498 

Wyoming .................................................................... – 3 – – – 216 – –

Puerto Rico ................................................................. 6 7 – 6 698 567 – 486 

 1 See footnote 1, table 2. p = preliminary.

2

 Data do not meet BLS or state agency disclosure standards. NOTE: Dash represents zero.