For release 10:00 a.m. (ET) Wednesday, March 31, 2021 USDL-21-0581

Technical information: (202) 691-6569 • oewsinfo@bls.gov • www.bls.gov/oes 

Media contact: (202) 691-5902 • PressOffice@bls.gov

OCCUPATIONAL EMPLOYMENT AND WAGES — MAY 2020

Healthcare support occupations had employment of 6.4 million in May 2020, representing 4.6 percent of 

total national employment, the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today. The largest healthcare 

support occupation was home health and personal care aides (3.2 million) and the highest paying 

healthcare support occupation was occupational therapy assistants ($63,420). (See charts 1 and 2.) The 

annual mean wage across all healthcare support occupations was $32,250, compared with the U.S. 

average wage of $56,310. (See table 1 and chart 2.)

The Occupational Employment and Wage Statistics (OEWS) program provides employment and wage 

estimates for nearly 800 occupations in the nation, states, and approximately 530 areas. National data are 

available by industry for approximately 415 industry classifications and by ownership across all 

industries and for the educational services and hospitals industries. This news release features healthcare 

support, educational instruction and library, and food preparation and serving related occupations, in 

addition to STEM (science, technology, engineering, and mathematics) occupations and employment 

and wages by typical entry-level educational requirement. National employment and wage information 

for all occupations is shown in table 1.

Notes on Occupational Employment and Wage Statistics (OEWS) Data

The BLS Occupational Employment Statistics (OES) program has changed its name to Occupational 

Employment and Wage Statistics (OEWS). See box notes at the end of this news release for information

on the following topics: the OEWS name change, the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on OEWS 

data, the use of a hybrid 2010 and 2018 Standard Occupational Classification (SOC) system, and 

upcoming changes to OEWS methodology.
- 2 -

Healthcare support occupations

• The largest healthcare support occupations were home health and personal care aides (3.2

million), nursing assistants (1.4 million), and medical assistants (710,200). Healthcare support 

workers assist healthcare practitioners and technical occupations, such as physicians and nurses. 

(See table 1 and chart 1.)

• The largest healthcare support occupation, home health and personal care aides, was also the 

lowest paying, with an annual mean wage of $28,060. The lowest paying healthcare support 

occupations also included physical therapist aides ($30,110) and veterinary assistants and 

laboratory animal caretakers ($30,980). (See table 1.)

• The highest paying healthcare support occupations were occupational therapy assistants 

($63,420) and physical therapist assistants ($59,440). Both occupations typically require an 

associate’s degree for entry. (See table 1 and chart 2.) 

• Industries with the largest employment of healthcare support occupations were individual and 

family services (1.5 million), home health care services (959,870), general medical and surgical 

hospitals (702,320), and nursing care facilities (skilled nursing facilities) (630,550).

• Alaska ($42,080) and Washington ($38,330) were the states with the highest wages for 

healthcare support occupations.

0 1,000,000 2,000,000 3,000,000 4,000,000

Home health and personal care aides

Nursing assistants

Medical assistants

Dental assistants

Phlebotomists

Veterinary assistants and laboratory animal caretakers

Healthcare support workers, all other

Physical therapist assistants

Massage therapists

Medical equipment preparers

Employment

Chart 1. Employment for the largest healthcare support occupations, May 2020

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Occupational Employment and Wage Statistics.
- 3 -

National industry-specific data are available at www.bls.gov/oes/current/oessrci.htm.

State data are available at www.bls.gov/oes/current/oessrcst.htm.

Educational instruction and library occupations

• Educational instruction and library occupations had employment of 8.4 million, representing 6.1 

percent of U.S. employment, and an annual mean wage of $59,810. (See table 1.)

• Seventy-four percent of educational instruction and library jobs were in the public sector, 

compared with 15 percent of overall employment. Almost 88 percent of elementary school 

teachers, except special education were employed in local government.

• The highest paying educational instruction and library occupations included postsecondary law 

teachers ($134,760) and postsecondary health specialties teachers ($124,890). The lowest 

paying occupations in this group included teaching assistants, except postsecondary ($30,630) 

and short-term substitute teachers ($36,090). (See table 1.)

• Elementary school teachers, except special education had an annual mean wage of $65,420 

nationally. California ($85,110) and Massachusetts ($84,810) were among the highest paying 

$0 $25,000 $50,000 $75,000

Occupational therapy assistants

Physical therapist assistants

All occupations

Massage therapists

Dental assistants

Healthcare support workers, all other

Medical equipment preparers

Medical transcriptionists

Phlebotomists

Medical assistants

Occupational therapy aides

All healthcare support occupations

Annual mean wage

Chart 2. Highest paying healthcare support occupations, May 2020

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Occupational Employment and Wage Statistics.
- 4 -

states for this occupation; Mississippi ($43,280) and South Dakota ($44,790) were the lowest 

paying states.

Public/private sector ownership data are available at www.bls.gov/oes/current/oessrci.htm.

Food preparation and serving related occupations

• Food preparation and serving related occupations had total employment of 11.3 million, 

representing 8.1 percent of U.S. employment. This was the lowest paying occupational group

overall, with an annual mean wage of $27,650. (See table 1.)

• The largest food preparation and serving related occupations were fast food and counter workers 

(3.5 million), waiters and waitresses (1.9 million), and restaurant cooks (1.1 million). (See table 

1.)

• Chefs and head cooks ($58,740) was the only food preparation and serving related occupation 

with a mean wage above the U.S. average of $56,310. The lowest paying food preparation and 

serving related occupations were fast food cooks ($24,300) and fast food and counter workers

($24,540). (See table 1.)

• Nearly 8.1 million food preparation and serving related jobs were in restaurants and other eating 

places, representing 72 percent of employment in this occupational group. After restaurants and 

other eating places, the industries with the largest employment of food preparation and serving 

related occupations were special food services (447,500), which includes food service 

contractors and caterers, and food and beverage stores (401,770).

• Food preparation and serving related occupations made up 16.7 percent of employment in Myrtle 

Beach-Conway-North Myrtle Beach, SC-NC, compared with 8.1 percent of U.S. employment. 

Metropolitan areas with the highest shares of food preparation and serving related occupations 

also included Hilton Head Island-Bluffton-Beaufort, SC, and Kahului-Wailuku-Lahaina, HI

(both 15.5 percent).

Metropolitan area data are available at www.bls.gov/oes/current/oessrcma.htm.

Science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) occupations

• There were over 9.3 million STEM jobs representing 6.7 percent of total U.S. employment.

• Six of the 10 largest STEM occupations were related to computers and included software 

developers and software quality assurance analysts and testers (1.5 million) and computer user 

support specialists (634,820). (See table 1.)
- 5 -

• Areas with the highest employment shares of STEM occupations were California-Lexington

Park, MD (26.0 percent), and San Jose-Sunnyvale-Santa Clara, CA (22.2 percent). (See chart 3.)

• Industries with the highest shares of STEM occupations included computer systems design and 

related services (63.9 percent); architectural, engineering, and related services (63.2 percent); 

and software publishers (59.1 percent). 

• STEM occupations had an annual mean wage of $98,340, compared with $53,220 for nonSTEM occupations. Eighty-eight of the 98 STEM occupations had mean wages significantly 

above the all-occupations average of $56,310. (See table 1.)

• The highest paying STEM occupations were the three STEM-related management 

occupations—computer and information systems managers ($161,730), architectural and 

engineering managers ($158,100), and natural sciences managers ($154,930)—and petroleum 

engineers ($154,330). (See table 1.)

• The lowest paying STEM occupations were forest and conservation technicians ($42,780) and 

agricultural and food science technicians ($45,920). (See table 1.)

0 10 20 30

California-Lexington Park, MD

San Jose-Sunnyvale-Santa Clara, CA

Boulder, CO

Huntsville, AL

Bloomington, IL

Seattle-Tacoma-Bellevue, WA

Durham-Chapel Hill, NC

Columbus, IN

Washington-Arlington-Alexandria, DC-VA-MD-WV

San Francisco-Oakland-Hayward, CA

United States

Percent 

Chart 3. Metropolitan areas with the highest employment shares of STEM 

occupations, May 2020

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Occupational Employment and Wage Statistics.
- 6 -

Occupations included in the STEM definition used for this news release are available at

www.bls.gov/oes/stem_list_2020.xlsx. Additional STEM charts are available at

www.bls.gov/oes/current/overview_2020.htm.

Largest occupations

• The largest occupations overall were retail salespersons (3.7 million), fast food and counter 

workers (3.5 million), cashiers (3.3 million), and home health and personal care aides (3.2 

million). (See table 1.) 

• Eight of the 10 largest occupations had below-average wages, including retail salespersons 

($30,940) and fast food and counter workers ($24,540). (See table 1.)

• Of the 10 largest occupations, registered nurses ($80,010) and general and operations managers 

($125,740) were the only occupations with above-average wages. (See table 1.)

Public sector occupations

• The public sector made up 15 percent of employment and had a different occupational mix from 

the private sector. 

• Many of the largest public sector occupations were related to education. These occupations 

included elementary school teachers, except special education (public sector employment of 1.2

million); teaching assistants, except postsecondary (1.0 million); secondary school teachers, 

except special and career/technical education (856,990); and middle school teachers, except 

special and career/technical education (531,970).

• Outside of the educational instruction and library group, the occupations with the highest public 

sector employment included police and sheriff’s patrol officers (648,040); registered nurses 

(508,420); and secretaries and administrative assistants, except legal, medical, and executive 

(483,020).

Typical entry-level education

• Occupations typically requiring no formal educational credential for entry made up 23 percent 

of employment. The largest occupations in this category were retail salespersons (3.7 million) 

and fast food and counter workers (3.5 million). These were also the two largest occupations 

overall.

• Home health and personal care aides (3.2 million) was the largest occupation typically requiring 

a high school diploma or the equivalent for entry, followed by customer service representatives 

and general office clerks (each 2.8 million). Occupations in this educational category made up 

about 38 percent of total employment.

• Occupations typically requiring postsecondary education for entry made up 39 percent of 

employment. The largest postsecondary category, occupations typically requiring a bachelor’s 
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degree for entry, made up nearly 24 percent of employment. This educational category includes 

registered nurses; teachers at the kindergarten through secondary levels; and many management, 

business and financial operations, computer, and engineering occupations.

• Average wages were generally higher for occupations requiring more education. Annual mean 

wages were $30,590 for occupations typically requiring no formal educational credential for 

entry, $45,630 for occupations typically requiring a high school diploma or the equivalent, 

$60,430 for occupations typically requiring an associate’s degree, and $91,140 for occupations 

typically requiring a bachelor’s degree.

• The highest paying occupations typically requiring a high school diploma or equivalent for 

entry were commercial pilots ($110,830); transportation, storage, and distribution managers 

($105,100); and nuclear power reactor operators ($104,470). (See chart 4.)

The typical education level required to enter an occupation is based on education and training categories 

from the BLS Employment Projections program. More information about the system of education and 

training categories is available at www.bls.gov/emp/documentation/education/tech.htm. Typical entrylevel educational requirements assigned to each occupation in the May 2020 OEWS estimates are 

available at www.bls.gov/oes/educ_list_2020.xlsx. Additional charts are available at 

www.bls.gov/oes/current/overview_2020.htm.

$0 $25,000 $50,000 $75,000 $100,000 $125,000

Commercial pilots

Transportation, storage, and distribution managers

Nuclear power reactor operators

First-line supervisors of police and detectives

Power distributors and dispatchers

First-line supervisors of non-retail sales workers

Detectives and criminal investigators

Elevator and escalator installers and repairers

Gambling managers

Power plant operators

All occupations

All high school diploma or equivalent occupations

Annual mean wage

Chart 4. Highest paying occupations typically requiring a high school diploma 

or equivalent for entry, May 2020

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Occupational Employment and Wage Statistics and 

Employment Projections.
- 8 -

Occupational Employment and Wage Statistics (OEWS) Name Change

The Occupational Employment Statistics (OES) program has changed its name to Occupational 

Employment and Wage Statistics (OEWS) to better reflect the range of data available from the program. 

Data released on or after March 31, 2021, will reflect the new program name. Webpages, publications, 

and other materials associated with previous data releases will retain the Occupational Employment 

Statistics name.

Coronavirus (COVID-19) Impact on May 2020 Occupational Employment and Wage Statistics 

Due to features of the OEWS methodology, the May 2020 OEWS estimates do not fully reflect the 

impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. The May 2020 OEWS estimates are based on survey panels 

collected for May 2020, November 2019, May 2019, November 2018, May 2018, and November 2017. 

Because 5 of the 6 survey panels used to produce the estimates date from before the COVID-19 

pandemic, only the most recent (May 2020) survey panel reflects changes in occupational proportions 

related to the COVID-19 pandemic. 

The May 2020 OEWS employment estimates are benchmarked to the average of May 2020 and 

November 2019 employment from the Quarterly Census of Employment and Wages (QCEW). Although 

the May 2020 QCEW data reflect the early employment effects of the COVID-19 pandemic, the 

November 2019 QCEW employment data precede the pandemic, and therefore do not reflect its impact.

In addition, as a result of the pandemic, response rates for the November 2019 and May 2020 panels 

were lower in some areas. Lower response rates may negatively affect data availability and data quality. 

More information is available at www.bls.gov/covid19/effects-of-covid-19-pandemic-on-occupationalemployment-and-wage-statistics.htm.

Implementing the 2018 Standard Occupational Classification (SOC) System

With the May 2019 estimates, the OEWS program began implementing the 2018 Standard Occupational 

Classification (SOC) system. Because the May 2019 and May 2020 estimates are based on a 

combination of survey data collected using the 2010 SOC and survey data collected using the 2018 

SOC, these estimates use a hybrid of the two classification systems that contains some combinations of 

occupations that are not found in either the 2010 or 2018 SOC. This is the second and final year that the 

hybrid occupational structure will be used. The May 2021 estimates, to be published in Spring 2022, 

will be the first OEWS estimates based entirely on survey data collected using the 2018 SOC. 

For more information on the occupational classification system used in the May 2019 and May 2020 

estimates, please see www.bls.gov/oes/soc_2018.htm and www.bls.gov/oes/oes_ques.htm#qf10. 
- 9 -

Upcoming Changes to the Occupational Employment and Wage Statistics Methodology

With the May 2021 estimates, to be released in Spring 2022, the OEWS program plans to begin using a 

new estimation methodology. The new model-based methodology, called MB3, has advantages over the 

existing methodology, as described in the Monthly Labor Review article at 

www.bls.gov/opub/mlr/2019/article/model-based-estimates-for-the-occupational-employment-statisticsprogram.htm. OEWS estimates for the years 2015-2018 were recalculated using the new estimation 

methodology and are available as research estimates at www.bls.gov/oes/oes-mb3-methods.htm. 
Technical Note

Scope of the survey

The Occupational Employment and Wage Statistics (OEWS) 

survey is a semiannual survey measuring occupational 

employment and wage rates for wage and salary workers in 

nonfarm establishments in the United States. The OEWS data 

available from BLS include cross-industry occupational 

employment and wage estimates for the nation; over 580 areas, 

including states and the District of Columbia, metropolitan 

statistical areas (MSAs), nonmetropolitan areas, and territories; 

national industry-specific estimates at the NAICS sector, 3-digit, 

most 4-digit, and selected 5- and 6-digit industry levels; and 

national estimates by ownership across all industries and for 

schools and hospitals.

The OEWS survey is a cooperative effort between BLS and 

the State Workforce Agencies (SWAs). BLS funds the survey and 

provides the procedures and technical support, while the State 

Workforce Agencies collect most of the data. OEWS estimates are 

constructed from a sample of about 1.1 million establishments. 

Each year, two semiannual panels of approximately 180,000 to 

185,000 sampled establishments are contacted, one panel in May 

and the other in November. Responses are obtained by mail, 

Internet or other electronic means, email, telephone, or personal 

visit. The May 2020 estimates are based on responses from six 

semiannual panels collected over a 3-year period: May 2020, 

November 2019, May 2019, November 2018, May 2018, and 

November 2017. The unweighted sampled employment of 83 

million across all six semiannual panels represents approximately 

56 percent of total national employment. The overall national 

response rate for the six panels, based on the 50 states and the 

District of Columbia, is 69 percent based on establishments 

and 66 percent based on weighted sampled employment.

The occupational coding system

The May 2020 OEWS estimates contain nearly 800 

occupational categories based on the Office of Management and 

Budget’s Standard Occupational Classification (SOC) system. 

Together, these occupations make up 22 of the 23 SOC major 

occupational groups. Major group 55, Military Specific 

Occupations, is not included.

For more information about the SOC system, please see the 

BLS website at www.bls.gov/soc/.

The May 2020 OEWS estimates use a hybrid of the 2010 and 

2018 SOC systems. For more information on the hybrid 

classification system, please see the “Changes and special 

procedures in the May 2020 estimates”section of this technical note.

The industry coding system

The May 2020 OEWS estimates use the 2017 North 

American Industry Classification System (NAICS). For more 

information about NAICS, see the BLS website at 

www.bls.gov/bls/naics.htm.

 The OEWS survey excludes the majority of the 

agricultural sector, with the exception of logging (NAICS 

113310), support activities for crop production (NAICS 1151), and 

support activities for animal production (NAICS 1152). Private 

households (NAICS 814) also are excluded. OEWS federal 

government data include the U.S. Postal Service and the federal 

executive branch only. All other industries, including state and local 

government, are covered by the survey.

Survey sample

The OEWS survey draws its sample from state 

unemployment insurance (UI) files. Supplemental sources are 

used for rail transportation (NAICS 4821) and Guam because they 

do not report to the UI program. The OEWS survey sample is 

stratified by metropolitan and nonmetropolitan area, industry, and

size.

To provide the most occupational coverage, larger 

employers are more likely to be selected than smaller employers. 

A census is taken of the executive branch of the federal 

government, the U.S. Postal Service, and state government.

Concepts

Occupational employment is the estimate of total wage and 

salary employment in an occupation. The OEWS survey defines 

employment as the number of workers who can be classified as 

full- or part-time employees, including workers on paid vacations 

or other types of paid leave; workers on unpaid short-term 

absences; salaried officers, executives, and staff members of 

incorporated firms; employees temporarily assigned to other units; 

and employees for whom the reporting unit is their permanent duty 

station, regardless of whether that unit prepares their paycheck. 

The survey does not include the self-employed, owners and

partners in unincorporated firms, household workers, or unpaid

family workers.

Wages for the OEWS survey are straight-time, gross pay, 

exclusive of premium pay. Base rate; cost-of-living allowances; 

guaranteed pay; hazardous-duty pay; incentive pay, including 

commissions and production bonuses; and tips are included. 

Excluded are overtime pay, severance pay, shift differentials, 

nonproduction bonuses, employer cost for supplementary 

benefits, and tuition reimbursements.

OEWS receives wage rate data for the federal government, 

the U.S. Postal Service, and most state governments. For the 

remaining establishments, the OEWS survey data are placed into 

12 intervals. The intervals are defined both as hourly rates and the 

corresponding annual rates, where the annual rate for an 

occupation is calculated by multiplying the hourly wage rate by a 

typical work year of 2,080 hours. The responding establishments 

are instructed to report the hourly rate for part-time workers, and 

to report annual rates for occupations that are typically paid at an 

annual rate but do not work 2,080 hours per year, such as teachers, 

pilots, and flight attendants. Other workers, such as some 

entertainment workers, are paid hourly rates, but generally do not 

work 40 hours per week, year round. For these workers, only an 

hourly wage is reported.
Estimation methodology

The OEWS survey is designed to produce estimates by 

combining six panels of data collected over a 3-year period. Each 

OEWS panel contains approximately 180,000 to 185,000 

establishments. The full six-panel sample of 1.1 million 

establishments allows the production of estimates at detailed levels 

of geography, industry, and occupation.

Wage updating. Significant reductions in sampling errors are 

obtained by combining six panels of data, particularly for small 

geographic areas and occupations. Wages for the current panel 

need no adjustment. However, wages in the five previous panels 

need to be updated to the current panel’s reference period.

The OEWS program uses the BLS Employment Cost Index 

(ECI) to adjust survey data from prior panels before combining 

them with the current panel’s data. The wage updating procedure 

adjusts each detailed occupation’s wage rate, as measured in the 

earlier panel, according to the average movement of its broader 

occupational division.

Imputation. Some establishments do not respond for a given 

panel. For most employers, a “nearest neighbor” hot deck 

imputation procedure is used to impute missing occupational 

employment totals. A variant of mean imputation is used to impute 

missing wage distributions. In some cases, data for nonrespondents 

are available from earlier panels. In those cases, the older data may

be used and aged to represent the current reference period.

Weighting and benchmarking. The sampled establishments 

are weighted to represent all establishments for the reference 

period. Weights are further adjusted by the ratio of employment 

totals (the average of November 2019 and May 2020 employment) 

from the BLS Quarterly Census of Employment and Wages

(QCEW) to employment totals from the OEWS survey.

Changes and special procedures in the May 2020 estimates

Due to features of the OEWS methodology, the May 2020 

estimates do not fully reflect the impact of the COVID-19 

pandemic. Because 5 of the 6 survey panels used to produce the 

estimates date from before the COVID-19 pandemic, only the 

most recent (May 2020) survey panel will reflect changes in 

occupational proportions related to the pandemic.

In addition, because the OEWS employment estimates are 

benchmarked to the average of QCEW employment for November 

2019 and May 2020, the estimates will reflect only part of the 

pandemic’s impact on employment as of May 2020. Although the 

May 2020 QCEW data reflect the early employment effects of the 

COVID-19 pandemic, the November 2019 QCEW employment 

data precede the COVID-19 pandemic, and therefore do not reflect 

its impact.

As a result of the pandemic, response rates for the November 

2019 and May 2020 panels were lower in some areas. Lower 

response rates may negatively affect data availability and data 

quality.

For more information about the impact of the COVID-19 

pandemic on OEWS, see www.bls.gov/covid19/effects-of-covid19-pandemic-on-occupational-employment-and-wagestatistics.htm.

With the May 2019 estimates, the OEWS program began 

implementing the 2018 Standard Occupational Classification 

(SOC) system. Because the May 2020 estimates are based on a 

combination of survey data collected using the 2010 SOC and 

survey data collected using the 2018 SOC, these estimates use a 

hybrid of the two classification systems that contains some 

combinations of occupations that are not found in either the 2010 

or 2018 SOC. These combinations may include occupations from 

more than one 2018 SOC minor group or broad occupation. 

Therefore, OEWS will not publish data for some 2018 SOC minor 

groups and broad occupations in the May 2020 estimates. The May 

2021 estimates, to be published in Spring 2022, will be the first 

OEWS estimates based entirely on survey data collected using the 

2018 SOC. 

In addition, the OEWS program has replaced some 2018 

SOC detailed occupations with SOC broad occupations or OEWSspecific aggregations. These include home health aides and 

personal care aides, for which OEWS will publish only the 2018 

SOC broad occupation 31-1120 Home Health and Personal Care 

Aides.

More information on the occupational classification system 

used in the May 2020 OEWS estimates is available at

www.bls.gov/oes/soc_2018.htm and in the OEWS frequently 

asked questions at www.bls.gov/oes/oes_ques.htm#qf10.

The May 2020 OEWS estimates use the metropolitan area 

definitions delineated in Office of Management and Budget 

(OMB) Bulletin 17-01. For more information, please see 

www.bls.gov/oes/current/msa_def.htm.

For more information

Answers to frequently asked questions about the OEWS 

data are available at www.bls.gov/oes/oes_ques.htm.
Table 1. National employment and wage data from the Occupational Employment and Wage Statistics survey by occupation, May 2020

Hourly Annual1

All occupations 139,099,570 $27.07 $56,310 $20.17

Management occupations 7,947,300 60.81 126,480 52.77

2,601,070 62.46 129,920 51.05

202,360 95.12 197,840 89.40

2,347,420 60.45 125,740 49.83

51,290 (2) 53,560 (2)

763,970 71.51 148,740 64.48

22,490 70.94 147,560 64.16

660,380 72.31 150,400 65.55

Marketing managers............................................................................................................................. 270,200 74.27 154,470 68.35

Sales managers.................................................................................................................................... 390,170 70.95 147,580 63.60

81,110 65.18 135,580 56.94

2,012,370 66.63 138,590 60.12

307,620 51.98 108,120 47.54

457,290 77.76 161,730 72.67

653,080 72.84 151,510 64.51

179,570 56.82 118,190 52.30

70,960 63.78 132,660 60.55

132,210 50.53 105,100 46.34

16,340 65.94 137,160 60.16

156,600 64.70 134,580 58.28

38,710 60.54 125,920 55.60

2,569,880 51.40 106,910 45.76

5,670 36.93 76,810 32.73

285,640 51.57 107,260 46.72

493,350 48.64 101,160 44.94

Education and childcare administrators, preschool and daycare........................................................... 46,410 26.41 54,940 23.63

Education administrators, kindergarten through secondary................................................................... 262,480 (2) 103,010 (2)

Education administrators, postsecondary.............................................................................................. 140,880 55.38 115,200 46.87

Education administrators, all other........................................................................................................ 43,580 45.11 93,830 42.11

195,900 76.01 158,100 71.89

197,010 29.33 61,000 27.21

3,240 41.08 85,440 36.28

31,790 31.38 65,270 27.25

402,540 57.12 118,800 50.13

75,870 74.49 154,930 66.32

13,880 38.30 79,660 37.53

219,800 35.20 73,210 28.68

155,800 36.13 75,140 33.46

10,210 40.53 84,310 36.66

10,010 44.01 91,530 35.67

469,160 59.61 123,980 55.94

Business and financial operations occupations 8,387,490 38.79 80,680 34.73

5,632,020 37.66 78,320 34.35

16,240 47.15 98,070 36.26

419,920 34.80 72,370 32.06

300,380 33.92 70,560 32.76

Claims adjusters, examiners, and investigators.................................................................................... 287,150 33.97 70,650 32.82

Insurance appraisers, auto damage...................................................................................................... 13,220 32.95 68,540 31.52

327,360 36.35 75,620 34.18

199,360 35.08 72,960 32.03

718,120 33.63 69,950 30.81

Human resources specialists................................................................................................................ 647,810 33.38 69,430 30.52

Farm labor contractors.......................................................................................................................... (

4

) 24.18 50,300 22.97

Labor relations specialists..................................................................................................................... 70,050 36.00 74,870 35.21

184,230 38.38 79,830 36.67

734,000 46.91 97,580 42.14

109,800 26.87 55,890 24.79

82,140 31.03 64,550 28.66

87,870 34.91 72,610 32.30

318,040 32.43 67,440 30.14

690,160 35.56 73,970 31.64

1,444,420 40.53 84,290 37.22

2,755,470 41.11 85,510 35.50

1,274,620 39.26 81,660 35.37

55,990 31.55 65,630 28.20

49,260 39.75 82,690 37.97

72,090 41.43 86,170 36.05

218,050 58.89 122,490 42.95

101,790 38.65 80,390 34.51

68,210 44.58 92,730 39.15

339,470 35.81 74,490 29.63

Credit counselors.................................................................................................................................. 30,770 24.01 49,940 22.20

Loan officers......................................................................................................................................... 308,700 36.99 76,930 30.75

115,750 27.40 57,000 24.32

Tax examiners and collectors, and revenue agents............................................................................... 53,150 29.83 62,040 26.75

See footnotes at end of table.

Market research analysts and marketing specialists...................................................................................

Project management specialists and business operations specialists, all other..........................................

Tax examiners, collectors and preparers, and revenue agents..................................................................

Insurance underwriters..............................................................................................................................

Financial examiners...................................................................................................................................

 and managers, all other......................................................................................................................

Cost estimators..........................................................................................................................................

Human resources workers.........................................................................................................................

Credit counselors and loan officers............................................................................................................

Personal financial advisors........................................................................................................................

Credit analysts...........................................................................................................................................

Budget analysts.........................................................................................................................................

Property appraisers and assessors............................................................................................................

Accountants and auditors..........................................................................................................................

Financial specialists........................................................................................................................................

Logisticians................................................................................................................................................

Management analysts................................................................................................................................

Meeting, convention, and event planners...................................................................................................

Fundraisers...............................................................................................................................................

Compensation, benefits, and job analysis specialists.................................................................................

Training and development specialists........................................................................................................

Personal service managers, all other; entertainment and recreation managers, except gambling;

Funeral home managers............................................................................................................................

Food service managers.............................................................................................................................

Gambling managers..................................................................................................................................

Lodging managers.....................................................................................................................................

Medical and health services managers......................................................................................................

Natural sciences managers........................................................................................................................

Postmasters and mail superintendents......................................................................................................

Property, real estate, and community association managers......................................................................

Social and community service managers...................................................................................................

Emergency management directors............................................................................................................

Occupation

Advertising and promotions managers.......................................................................................................

Marketing and sales managers..................................................................................................................

Operations specialties managers....................................................................................................................

Administrative services and facilities managers.........................................................................................

Top executives...............................................................................................................................................

Chief executives........................................................................................................................................

General and operations managers.............................................................................................................

Legislators.................................................................................................................................................

Advertising, marketing, promotions, public relations, and sales managers......................................................

Education and childcare administrators......................................................................................................

Architectural and engineering managers....................................................................................................

Mean wages

Employment

Public relations and fundraising managers.................................................................................................

Compensation and benefits managers.......................................................................................................

Human resources managers......................................................................................................................

Training and development managers.........................................................................................................

Other management occupations.....................................................................................................................

Farmers, ranchers, and other agricultural managers..................................................................................

Computer and information systems managers...........................................................................................

Financial managers...................................................................................................................................

Industrial production managers..................................................................................................................

Purchasing managers................................................................................................................................

Transportation, storage, and distribution managers...................................................................................

Business operations specialists......................................................................................................................

Agents and business managers of artists, performers, and athletes...........................................................

Buyers and purchasing agents...................................................................................................................

Claims adjusters, appraisers, examiners, and investigators.......................................................................

Compliance officers...................................................................................................................................

Construction managers..............................................................................................................................

Median 

hourly 

wages
Hourly Annual1

Business and financial operations occupations (Continued)

Tax preparers....................................................................................................................................... 62,600 $25.34 $52,710 $21.30

460,250 46.46 96,630 40.22

4,587,700 46.53 96,770 43.92

4,368,000 46.46 96,630 43.87

712,460 48.40 100,680 45.91

Computer systems analysts.................................................................................................................. 574,450 47.61 99,020 45.06

Information security analysts................................................................................................................. 138,000 51.72 107,580 49.80

30,220 62.93 130,890 60.97

819,040 28.92 60,160 26.69

Computer network support specialists................................................................................................... 184,220 34.16 71,040 31.47

Computer user support specialists........................................................................................................ 634,820 27.40 57,000 25.33

632,540 47.80 99,420 45.37

Computer network architects................................................................................................................ 159,350 57.32 119,230 56.14

Network and computer systems administrators..................................................................................... 339,560 43.01 89,460 40.77

Database administrators and architects................................................................................................ 133,630 48.60 101,090 47.53

1,811,160 52.86 109,950 50.63

Computer programmers........................................................................................................................ 178,140 45.98 95,640 42.88

Software developers and software quality assurance analysts and testers............................................ 1,476,800 54.94 114,270 52.95

Web developers and digital interface designers.................................................................................... 156,220 41.10 85,490 37.12

362,580 46.51 96,740 44.65

219,700 47.93 99,700 44.79

22,480 59.22 123,180 53.38

2,460 54.10 112,530 53.30

96,220 44.37 92,280 41.44

38,860 46.72 97,170 44.36

59,680 49.97 103,930 47.23

2,515,040 43.41 90,300 39.98

180,930 39.44 82,030 36.63

124,630 41.89 87,130 38.63

Architects, except landscape and naval................................................................................................ 103,900 43.01 89,470 39.58

Landscape architects............................................................................................................................ 20,730 36.27 75,440 33.96

56,310 34.01 70,740 31.85

Cartographers and photogrammetrists.................................................................................................. 12,600 34.82 72,420 32.88

Surveyors............................................................................................................................................. 43,710 33.78 70,260 31.54

1,673,440 49.28 102,500 46.30

60,630 58.23 121,110 57.02

1,440 48.86 101,620 40.58

18,660 47.28 98,340 44.53

25,770 55.20 114,820 52.18

300,850 45.88 95,440 42.58

64,710 60.65 126,140 57.48

307,540 52.17 108,510 49.71

Electrical engineers............................................................................................................................... 185,220 50.96 105,990 48.48

Electronics engineers, except computer................................................................................................ 122,320 54.00 112,320 51.70

50,260 46.58 96,890 44.29

313,980 45.14 93,890 42.93

Health and safety engineers, except mining safety engineers and inspectors....................................... 23,780 46.80 97,330 45.31

Industrial engineers............................................................................................................................... 290,190 45.01 93,610 42.76

8,700 47.88 99,590 45.89

24,740 48.34 100,550 45.98

293,960 45.94 95,560 43.35

6,270 48.15 100,140 45.10

15,700 60.16 125,130 55.84

27,850 74.20 154,330 66.02

152,380 51.47 107,060 49.70

660,660 29.64 61,660 28.32

187,670 29.03 60,390 27.87

Architectural and civil drafters............................................................................................................... 99,180 28.42 59,120 27.64

Electrical and electronics drafters.......................................................................................................... 23,020 31.59 65,720 29.85

Mechanical drafters............................................................................................................................... 51,620 29.56 61,490 28.01

Drafters, all other.................................................................................................................................. 13,850 27.18 56,530 26.20

419,620 30.64 63,740 29.33

Aerospace engineering and operations technologists and technicians.................................................. 11,900 33.98 70,680 32.97

Civil engineering technologists and technicians.................................................................................... 67,270 27.21 56,590 26.00

Electrical and electronic engineering technologists and technicians...................................................... 115,270 32.84 68,310 32.48

Electro-mechanical and mechatronics technologists and technicians.................................................... 13,160 30.19 62,800 28.75

Environmental engineering technologists and technicians..................................................................... 17,070 27.20 56,570 24.82

Industrial engineering technologists and technicians............................................................................. 62,980 28.81 59,920 27.56

Mechanical engineering technologists and technicians......................................................................... 39,880 29.27 60,880 28.00

Calibration technologists and technicians and engineering technologists and technicians, except

 drafters, all other............................................................................................................................ 92,100 32.52 67,640 30.86

53,370 23.93 49,770 22.21

Life, physical, and social science occupations 1,296,060 38.15 79,360 33.54

311,840 44.09 91,710 39.01

29,710 36.69 76,320 33.09

Animal scientists................................................................................................................................... 2,680 35.84 74,540 30.52

See footnotes at end of table.

Architecture and engineering occupations

Architects, surveyors, and cartographers........................................................................................................

Architects, except naval.............................................................................................................................

Surveyors, cartographers, and photogrammetrists.....................................................................................

Agricultural and food scientists..................................................................................................................

Life scientists..................................................................................................................................................

Environmental engineers...........................................................................................................................

Industrial engineers, including health and safety........................................................................................

Marine engineers and naval architects.......................................................................................................

Materials engineers...................................................................................................................................

Mechanical engineers................................................................................................................................

Surveying and mapping technicians............................................................................................................

Engineering technologists and technicians, except drafters.......................................................................

Drafters.....................................................................................................................................................

Drafters, engineering technicians, and mapping technicians...........................................................................

Nuclear engineers......................................................................................................................................

Petroleum engineers..................................................................................................................................

Engineers, all other....................................................................................................................................

Engineers.......................................................................................................................................................

Aerospace engineers.................................................................................................................................

Agricultural engineers................................................................................................................................

Bioengineers and biomedical engineers.....................................................................................................

Chemical engineers...................................................................................................................................

Civil engineers...........................................................................................................................................

Computer hardware engineers...................................................................................................................

Electrical and electronics engineers...........................................................................................................

Mining and geological engineers, including mining safety engineers..........................................................

Mathematicians.........................................................................................................................................

Operations research analysts....................................................................................................................

Statisticians...............................................................................................................................................

Data scientists and mathematical science occupations, all other................................................................

Financial and investment analysts, financial risk specialists, and financial specialists, all other..................

Computer and mathematical occupations

Computer occupations....................................................................................................................................

Computer and information analysts............................................................................................................

Computer support specialists.....................................................................................................................

Computer and information research scientists...........................................................................................

Database and network administrators and architects.................................................................................

Software and web developers, programmers, and testers..........................................................................

Computer occupations, all other.................................................................................................................

Mathematical science occupations.................................................................................................................

Actuaries...................................................................................................................................................

Occupation

Median 

hourly 

wages

Table 1. National employment and wage data from the Occupational Employment and Wage Statistics survey by occupation, May 2020- Continued

Mean wages

Employment
Hourly Annual1

Life, physical, and social science occupations (Continued)

Food scientists and technologists......................................................................................................... 13,080 $38.55 $80,190 $35.31

Soil and plant scientists......................................................................................................................... 13,950 35.12 73,040 31.79

110,600 44.01 91,550 40.01

Biochemists and biophysicists.............................................................................................................. 32,010 50.39 104,810 45.32

Microbiologists...................................................................................................................................... 19,710 44.15 91,840 40.58

Zoologists and wildlife biologists............................................................................................................ 17,200 33.90 70,510 31.90

Biological scientists, all other................................................................................................................ 41,680 43.22 89,910 41.00

31,380 32.75 68,120 30.78

Conservation scientists......................................................................................................................... 22,020 33.18 69,020 30.78

Foresters.............................................................................................................................................. 9,360 31.73 66,000 30.76

133,620 48.45 100,780 43.28

Epidemiologists..................................................................................................................................... 7,500 40.20 83,620 35.84

Medical scientists, except epidemiologists............................................................................................ 126,110 48.94 101,800 43.99

6,540 44.31 92,170 39.42

255,860 44.98 93,560 40.03

18,080 65.62 136,480 62.00

Astronomers......................................................................................................................................... 1,910 60.70 126,250 57.56

Physicists.............................................................................................................................................. 16,160 66.20 137,700 62.43

10,210 48.34 100,550 47.95

89,860 42.21 87,800 38.79

Chemists.............................................................................................................................................. 82,940 41.54 86,410 38.13

Materials scientists............................................................................................................................... 6,930 50.21 104,450 47.82

118,660 42.37 88,140 37.27

Environmental scientists and specialists, including health..................................................................... 84,610 38.50 80,090 35.21

Geoscientists, except hydrologists and geographers............................................................................. 27,890 53.90 112,110 44.99

Hydrologists.......................................................................................................................................... 6,170 43.34 90,150 40.41

19,050 52.93 110,100 51.55

247,580 43.34 90,150 39.56

17,520 58.11 120,880 52.09

10,350 32.19 66,960 28.79

127,070 43.61 90,710 39.51

Clinical, counseling, and school psychologists....................................................................................... 111,320 42.93 89,290 38.37

Industrial-organizational psychologists.................................................................................................. 780 54.18 112,690 46.28

Psychologists, all other.......................................................................................................................... 14,960 48.14 100,130 50.86

2,470 44.91 93,420 41.40

38,190 38.18 79,410 36.52

51,980 43.63 90,750 41.29

Anthropologists and archeologists......................................................................................................... 7,180 33.64 69,960 31.79

Geographers......................................................................................................................................... 1,450 41.16 85,620 41.07

Historians............................................................................................................................................. 2,770 32.88 68,400 30.33

Political scientists.................................................................................................................................. 6,010 59.66 124,100 60.27

Social scientists and related workers, all other...................................................................................... 34,570 43.88 91,280 41.95

363,880 25.49 53,010 23.29

21,940 22.08 45,920 20.18

80,640 23.79 49,490 22.28

63,490 25.82 53,700 23.95

47,440 26.11 54,300 22.95

Environmental science and protection technicians, including health...................................................... 31,860 24.50 50,960 22.53

Geological and hydrologic technicians................................................................................................... 15,580 29.39 61,130 24.34

6,160 40.29 83,810 40.48

35,330 25.75 53,560 23.66

30,150 20.57 42,780 18.72

78,720 28.14 58,530 25.95

Forensic science technicians................................................................................................................ 16,640 31.20 64,890 29.13

Life, physical, and social science technicians, all other......................................................................... 62,080 27.32 56,830 25.22

116,910 35.81 74,480 34.87

116,910 35.81 74,480 34.87

Occupational health and safety specialists............................................................................................ 95,960 37.55 78,110 36.70

Occupational health and safety technicians........................................................................................... 20,950 27.82 57,870 25.65

2,231,070 25.09 52,180 22.85

2,150,050 25.06 52,120 22.83

774,270 26.34 54,780 24.17

Educational, guidance, and career counselors and advisors................................................................. 292,230 29.96 62,320 27.94

Marriage and family therapists.............................................................................................................. 60,850 27.35 56,890 24.69

Rehabilitation counselors...................................................................................................................... 100,260 20.23 42,080 18.05

Substance abuse, behavioral disorder, and mental health counselors................................................... 293,620 24.78 51,550 22.91

Counselors, all other............................................................................................................................. 27,310 24.42 50,800 22.00

681,400 26.90 55,950 24.88

Child, family, and school social workers................................................................................................ 328,120 25.18 52,370 23.28

Healthcare social workers..................................................................................................................... 176,110 29.07 60,470 27.71

Mental health and substance abuse social workers............................................................................... 116,780 26.22 54,540 23.42

Social workers, all other........................................................................................................................ 60,390 31.22 64,940 30.87

694,380 21.82 45,390 19.39

Health education specialists.................................................................................................................. 57,920 29.86 62,120 27.16

Probation officers and correctional treatment specialists....................................................................... 90,070 29.76 61,900 26.77

Social and human service assistants.................................................................................................... 399,920 18.38 38,230 17.29

Community health workers.................................................................................................................... 58,670 22.12 46,000 20.19

Community and social service specialists, all other............................................................................... 87,800 23.85 49,600 22.48

See footnotes at end of table.

Community and social service occupations

Miscellaneous community and social service specialists............................................................................

Social workers...........................................................................................................................................

Counselors................................................................................................................................................

Counselors, social workers, and other community and social service specialists............................................

Biological technicians.................................................................................................................................

Chemical technicians.................................................................................................................................

Environmental science and geoscience technicians...................................................................................

Social science research assistants............................................................................................................

Forest and conservation technicians..........................................................................................................

Miscellaneous life, physical, and social science technicians.......................................................................

Occupational health and safety specialists and technicians........................................................................

Occupational health and safety specialists and technicians............................................................................

Miscellaneous social scientists and related workers...................................................................................

Life, physical, and social science technicians..................................................................................................

Agricultural and food science technicians...................................................................................................

Physical scientists, all other.......................................................................................................................

Social scientists and related workers..............................................................................................................

Economists................................................................................................................................................

Survey researchers....................................................................................................................................

Psychologists.............................................................................................................................................

Nuclear technicians...................................................................................................................................

Chemists and materials scientists..............................................................................................................

Environmental scientists and geoscientists................................................................................................

Biological scientists....................................................................................................................................

Conservation scientists and foresters........................................................................................................

Medical scientists......................................................................................................................................

Life scientists, all other..............................................................................................................................

Sociologists...............................................................................................................................................

Urban and regional planners......................................................................................................................

Physical scientists..........................................................................................................................................

Astronomers and physicists.......................................................................................................................

Atmospheric and space scientists..............................................................................................................

Table 1. National employment and wage data from the Occupational Employment and Wage Statistics survey by occupation, May 2020- Continued

Median 

hourly 

wages

Occupation

Mean wages

Employment
Hourly Annual1

81,020 $25.86 $53,790 $23.28

52,260 27.19 56,560 24.97

19,860 25.32 52,660 21.69

8,900 19.26 40,070 16.12

1,154,740 54.00 112,320 40.82

721,750 69.70 144,970 59.79

672,820 70.70 147,050 60.12

Lawyers................................................................................................................................................ 658,120 71.59 148,910 61.03

Judicial law clerks................................................................................................................................. 14,690 30.70 63,860 27.65

48,930 55.96 116,390 55.36

Administrative law judges, adjudicators, and hearing officers................................................................ 14,570 49.06 102,050 46.89

Arbitrators, mediators, and conciliators................................................................................................. 5,810 36.75 76,440 31.79

Judges, magistrate judges, and magistrates......................................................................................... 28,550 63.39 131,850 67.83

432,990 27.83 57,890 25.46

332,720 27.22 56,610 25.44

100,270 29.88 62,150 25.53

Title examiners, abstractors, and searchers.......................................................................................... 54,960 25.45 52,950 23.47

Legal support workers, all other............................................................................................................ 45,310 35.25 73,320 28.62

Educational instruction and library occupations 8,446,910 28.75 59,810 25.18

1,369,930 (2) 93,330 (2)

79,810 (2) 107,270 (2)

81,780 (2) 91,450 (2)

Computer science teachers, postsecondary.......................................................................................... 32,230 (2) 98,680 (2)

Mathematical science teachers, postsecondary.................................................................................... 49,550 (2) 86,760 (2)

45,430 (2) 112,110 (2)

Architecture teachers, postsecondary................................................................................................... 6,910 (2) 100,820 (2)

Engineering teachers, postsecondary................................................................................................... 38,520 (2) 114,130 (2)

61,480 (2) 100,400 (2)

Agricultural sciences teachers, postsecondary...................................................................................... 8,520 (2) 96,200 (2)

Biological science teachers, postsecondary.......................................................................................... 51,500 (2) 101,320 (2)

Forestry and conservation science teachers, postsecondary................................................................. 1,460 (2) 92,420 (2)

52,810 (2) 98,580 (2)

Atmospheric, earth, marine, and space sciences teachers, postsecondary........................................... 11,750 (2) 104,710 (2)

Chemistry teachers, postsecondary...................................................................................................... 21,530 (2) 94,630 (2)

Environmental science teachers, postsecondary................................................................................... 5,860 (2) 94,520 (2)

Physics teachers, postsecondary.......................................................................................................... 13,670 (2) 101,290 (2)

115,040 (2) 94,270 (2)

Anthropology and archeology teachers, postsecondary......................................................................... 5,590 (2) 98,740 (2)

Area, ethnic, and cultural studies teachers, postsecondary................................................................... 9,960 (2) 88,790 (2)

Economics teachers, postsecondary..................................................................................................... 13,080 (2) 123,720 (2)

Geography teachers, postsecondary..................................................................................................... 3,720 (2) 87,160 (2)

Political science teachers, postsecondary............................................................................................. 15,130 (2) 100,970 (2)

Psychology teachers, postsecondary.................................................................................................... 36,520 (2) 89,960 (2)

Sociology teachers, postsecondary....................................................................................................... 13,420 (2) 85,180 (2)

Social sciences teachers, postsecondary, all other................................................................................ 17,620 (2) 85,670 (2)

261,130 (2) 115,330 (2)

Health specialties teachers, postsecondary........................................................................................... 200,040 (2) 124,890 (2)

Nursing instructors and teachers, postsecondary.................................................................................. 61,100 (2) 84,060 (2)

61,790 (2) 75,180 (2)

Education teachers, postsecondary...................................................................................................... 57,560 (2) 75,010 (2)

Library science teachers, postsecondary.............................................................................................. 4,230 (2) 77,560 (2)

42,540 (2) 96,870 (2)

Criminal justice and law enforcement teachers, postsecondary............................................................. 14,030 (2) 74,740 (2)

Law teachers, postsecondary................................................................................................................ 14,930 (2) 134,760 (2)

Social work teachers, postsecondary.................................................................................................... 13,580 (2) 78,110 (2)

250,550 (2) 83,620 (2)

Art, drama, and music teachers, postsecondary.................................................................................... 91,170 (2) 84,780 (2)

Communications teachers, postsecondary............................................................................................ 28,430 (2) 80,940 (2)

English language and literature teachers, postsecondary...................................................................... 64,800 (2) 81,340 (2)

Foreign language and literature teachers, postsecondary..................................................................... 22,790 (2) 80,410 (2)

History teachers, postsecondary........................................................................................................... 20,450 (2) 85,630 (2)

Philosophy and religion teachers, postsecondary.................................................................................. 22,900 (2) 90,160 (2)

317,580 (2) 77,650 (2)

Family and consumer sciences teachers, postsecondary...................................................................... 2,270 (2) 81,580 (2)

Recreation and fitness studies teachers, postsecondary....................................................................... 14,730 (2) 75,430 (2)

Career/technical education teachers, postsecondary............................................................................ 105,830 29.67 61,710 26.74

Postsecondary teachers, all other......................................................................................................... 194,740 (2) 86,430 (2)

3,998,620 (2) 63,100 (2)

491,020 20.47 42,570 17.70

Preschool teachers, except special education....................................................................................... 370,940 17.57 36,550 15.35

Kindergarten teachers, except special education.................................................................................. 120,080 (2) 61,170 (2)

1,976,050 (2) 65,300 (2)

Elementary school teachers, except special education.......................................................................... 1,364,870 (2) 65,420 (2)

Middle school teachers, except special and career/technical education................................................. 599,520 (2) 64,990 (2)

Career/technical education teachers, middle school.............................................................................. 11,670 (2) 66,950 (2)

1,064,540 (2) 67,240 (2)

Secondary school teachers, except special and career/technical education.......................................... 991,000 (2) 67,340 (2)

Career/technical education teachers, secondary school........................................................................ 73,530 (2) 65,870 (2)

See footnotes at end of table.

Judges, magistrates, and other judicial workers.........................................................................................

Legal support workers.....................................................................................................................................

Paralegals and legal assistants..................................................................................................................

Miscellaneous legal support workers..........................................................................................................

Lawyers, judges, and related workers.............................................................................................................

Lawyers and judicial law clerks..................................................................................................................

Legal occupations

Directors, religious activities and education...............................................................................................

Religious workers, all other........................................................................................................................

Religious workers...........................................................................................................................................

Clergy........................................................................................................................................................

Arts, communications, history, and humanities teachers, postsecondary...................................................

Law, criminal justice, and social work teachers, postsecondary.................................................................

Elementary and middle school teachers.....................................................................................................

Secondary school teachers........................................................................................................................

Mean wages

Occupation

Median 

hourly 

wages

Table 1. National employment and wage data from the Occupational Employment and Wage Statistics survey by occupation, May 2020- Continued

Employment

Postsecondary teachers.................................................................................................................................

Business teachers, postsecondary.............................................................................................................

Health teachers, postsecondary.................................................................................................................

Social sciences teachers, postsecondary...................................................................................................

Physical sciences teachers, postsecondary...............................................................................................

Life sciences teachers, postsecondary.......................................................................................................

Engineering and architecture teachers, postsecondary..............................................................................

Math and computer science teachers, postsecondary................................................................................

Education and library science teachers, postsecondary.............................................................................

Preschool, elementary, middle, secondary, and special education teachers....................................................

Preschool and kindergarten teachers.........................................................................................................

Miscellaneous postsecondary teachers......................................................................................................

Community and social service occupations (Continued)
Hourly Annual1

Educational instruction and library occupations (Continued)

467,020 (2) $65,920 (2)

Special education teachers, preschool.................................................................................................. 20,300 (2) 68,110 (2)

Special education teachers, kindergarten and elementary school.......................................................... 191,170 (2) 64,790 (2)

Special education teachers, middle school............................................................................................ 80,110 (2) 66,300 (2)

Special education teachers, secondary school...................................................................................... 142,500 (2) 66,490 (2)

Special education teachers, all other..................................................................................................... 32,950 (2) 67,670 (2)

1,086,850 20.92 43,520 16.33

42,910 28.75 59,810 26.61

222,700 23.05 47,930 19.21

512,030 17.35 36,090 14.12

309,220 (2) 50,390 (2)

254,360 26.15 54,400 24.45

30,230 27.38 56,960 25.07

Archivists.............................................................................................................................................. 6,550 29.43 61,210 27.29

Curators................................................................................................................................................ 11,750 29.64 61,650 27.40

Museum technicians and conservators................................................................................................. 11,930 24.04 49,990 21.98

135,070 30.56 63,560 29.24

89,070 19.05 39,630 17.79

1,737,130 (2) 36,790 (2)

8,090 26.38 54,870 24.78

174,900 33.73 70,160 32.20

1,411,590 (2) 31,500 (2)

Teaching assistants, postsecondary..................................................................................................... 138,740 (2) 39,460 (2)

Teaching assistants, except postsecondary.......................................................................................... 1,272,840 (2) 30,630 (2)

142,550 22.70 47,210 19.98

1,857,500 30.96 64,400 25.55

594,670 28.44 59,150 23.85

89,800 44.97 93,530 38.64

Art directors.......................................................................................................................................... 40,950 55.04 114,490 46.77

Craft artists........................................................................................................................................... 4,090 18.39 38,260 16.92

Fine artists, including painters, sculptors, and illustrators...................................................................... 11,070 31.26 65,020 25.16

Special effects artists and animators..................................................................................................... 26,460 42.35 88,080 37.36

Artists and related workers, all other..................................................................................................... 7,220 33.48 69,650 31.63

504,880 25.50 53,030 22.11

Commercial and industrial designers.................................................................................................... 30,100 36.68 76,290 34.44

Fashion designers................................................................................................................................ 21,050 41.93 87,210 36.45

Floral designers.................................................................................................................................... 36,810 14.74 30,670 14.01

Graphic designers................................................................................................................................. 201,440 28.06 58,370 25.66

Interior designers.................................................................................................................................. 59,170 29.52 61,400 27.43

Merchandise displayers and window trimmers...................................................................................... 134,660 16.61 34,550 14.81

Set and exhibit designers...................................................................................................................... 10,980 31.06 64,610 27.97

Designers, all other............................................................................................................................... 10,680 34.30 71,340 30.65

465,780 31.59 65,700 22.63

163,950 42.40 88,190 31.62

Actors................................................................................................................................................... 44,460 31.42 (2) 21.88

Producers and directors........................................................................................................................ 119,490 46.49 96,690 36.73

233,160 (2) 48,310 (2)

Athletes and sports competitors............................................................................................................ 8,380 (2) 94,740 (2)

Coaches and scouts............................................................................................................................. 208,180 (2) 47,100 (2)

Umpires, referees, and other sports officials......................................................................................... 16,590 (2) 40,140 (2)

10,950 25.05 52,110 19.11

Dancers................................................................................................................................................ 7,370 25.08 (2) 18.58

Choreographers.................................................................................................................................... 3,580 25.00 52,000 21.00

43,970 39.61 (2) 29.56

Music directors and composers............................................................................................................ 9,200 31.60 65,720 25.12

Musicians and singers.......................................................................................................................... 34,770 41.72 (2) 31.40

13,760 23.99 (2) 15.70

591,650 33.74 70,180 29.48

27,290 27.55 57,300 17.68

41,580 31.73 66,000 23.70

244,550 34.58 71,940 30.20

186,490 36.67 76,270 32.56

Editors.................................................................................................................................................. 93,370 35.53 73,910 30.48

Technical writers................................................................................................................................... 48,880 37.78 78,590 35.89

Writers and authors.............................................................................................................................. 44,240 37.82 78,680 32.27

91,740 28.29 58,840 25.64

Interpreters and translators................................................................................................................... 56,920 27.95 58,140 25.16

Court reporters and simultaneous captioners........................................................................................ 13,880 32.07 66,710 29.64

Media and communication workers, all other......................................................................................... 20,940 26.70 55,540 23.91

205,400 28.84 59,990 24.46

62,360 25.67 53,390 23.04

25,960 23.68 49,250 20.95

10,870 32.31 67,210 25.73

41,600 24.18 50,290 19.85

42,750 36.60 76,130 29.76

Camera operators, television, video, and film........................................................................................ 20,340 32.50 67,590 27.50

Film and video editors........................................................................................................................... 22,410 40.33 83,880 32.33

21,860 36.00 74,880 34.12

See footnotes at end of table.

Special education teachers........................................................................................................................

Other teachers and instructors........................................................................................................................

Adult basic education, adult secondary education, and English as a second language instructors.............

Audio and video technicians......................................................................................................................

Media and communication equipment workers...............................................................................................

Miscellaneous media and communication workers.....................................................................................

Public relations specialists.........................................................................................................................

Writers and editors....................................................................................................................................

News analysts, reporters, and journalists...................................................................................................

Broadcast announcers and radio disc jockeys...........................................................................................

Media and communication workers.................................................................................................................

Self-enrichment teachers...........................................................................................................................

Tutors and teachers and instructors, all other............................................................................................

Photographers...........................................................................................................................................

Television, video, and film camera operators and editors...........................................................................

Mean wages

Occupation

Teaching assistants...................................................................................................................................

Arts, design, entertainment, sports, and media occupations

Instructional coordinators...........................................................................................................................

Educational instruction and library workers, all other..................................................................................

Miscellaneous entertainers and performers, sports and related workers....................................................

Musicians, singers, and related workers....................................................................................................

Dancers and choreographers.....................................................................................................................

Athletes, coaches, umpires, and related workers.......................................................................................

Actors, producers, and directors................................................................................................................

Entertainers and performers, sports and related workers................................................................................

Designers..................................................................................................................................................

Artists and related workers.........................................................................................................................

Art and design workers...................................................................................................................................

Substitute teachers, short-term..................................................................................................................

Librarians, curators, and archivists.................................................................................................................

Archivists, curators, and museum technicians...........................................................................................

Librarians and media collections specialists...............................................................................................

Library technicians.....................................................................................................................................

Other educational instruction and library occupations.....................................................................................

Table 1. National employment and wage data from the Occupational Employment and Wage Statistics survey by occupation, May 2020- Continued

Employment

Farm and home management educators...................................................................................................

Median 

hourly 

wages

Broadcast technicians................................................................................................................................

Sound engineering technicians..................................................................................................................

Lighting technicians and media and communication equipment workers, all other.....................................
Hourly Annual1

8,579,180 $41.30 $85,900 $33.59

5,611,620 50.58 105,220 40.59

34,760 40.30 83,830 34.00

111,210 89.57 186,300 78.85

Dentists, general................................................................................................................................... 95,920 86.94 180,830 76.41

Oral and maxillofacial surgeons............................................................................................................ 4,120 112.98 234,990 (3)

Orthodontists........................................................................................................................................ 5,040 114.42 237,990 (3)

Prosthodontists..................................................................................................................................... 530 103.30 214,870 (3)

Dentists, all other specialists................................................................................................................. 5,610 93.72 194,930 88.12

66,330 30.84 64,150 30.33

36,690 60.31 125,440 56.76

315,470 60.32 125,460 61.88

125,280 55.81 116,080 55.48

9,710 72.65 151,110 64.57

684,330 39.44 82,030 38.45

Occupational therapists........................................................................................................................ 126,610 42.06 87,480 41.48

Physical therapists................................................................................................................................ 220,870 44.08 91,680 43.75

Radiation therapists.............................................................................................................................. 17,390 45.34 94,300 41.76

Recreational therapists......................................................................................................................... 20,080 24.64 51,260 22.94

Respiratory therapists........................................................................................................................... 131,890 31.56 65,640 30.20

Speech-language pathologists.............................................................................................................. 148,450 40.02 83,240 38.69

Exercise physiologists........................................................................................................................... 7,330 25.97 54,020 24.17

Therapists, all other.............................................................................................................................. 11,710 29.85 62,090 27.55

73,710 52.09 108,350 47.72

2,986,500 38.47 80,010 36.22

41,960 90.96 189,190 88.26

7,120 55.55 115,540 53.43

211,280 55.05 114,510 53.69

13,300 42.90 89,230 38.95

28,590 130.50 271,440 (3)

98,590 103.06 214,370 99.70

50,600 101.42 210,960 (3)

18,900 114.96 239,120 (3)

27,550 88.74 184,570 85.16

25,540 104.38 217,100 (3)

375,390 105.22 218,850 (3)

37,900 120.99 251,650 (3)

230,900 38.97 81,060 37.25

Dental hygienists................................................................................................................................... 194,830 37.53 78,050 37.06

Acupuncturists and healthcare diagnosing or treating practitioners, all other......................................... 36,070 46.77 97,270 39.63

2,861,180 23.55 48,990 21.93

326,220 26.92 55,990 26.05

55,980 29.30 60,940 28.41

73,920 37.40 77,790 36.50

17,510 39.46 82,080 38.27

206,720 31.17 64,840 29.76

39,270 36.52 75,960 35.91

257,700 19.41 40,370 17.62

803,920 18.74 38,970 17.63

Dietetic technicians............................................................................................................................... 26,430 15.83 32,920 14.48

Pharmacy technicians........................................................................................................................... 415,310 17.52 36,450 16.87

Psychiatric technicians.......................................................................................................................... 85,330 18.31 38,080 16.84

Surgical technologists........................................................................................................................... 107,400 24.77 51,510 23.90

Veterinary technologists and technicians.............................................................................................. 109,490 18.20 37,860 17.43

Ophthalmic medical technicians............................................................................................................ 59,960 19.24 40,010 18.24

676,440 24.08 50,090 23.47

68,180 19.89 41,380 18.53

9,550 35.63 74,120 33.75

7,770 26.26 54,630 25.30

318,010 23.21 48,270 21.20

106,380 28.50 59,280 24.79

27,430 (2) 52,230 (2)

2,280 43.13 89,710 41.20

76,670 29.28 60,900 24.92

6,440,880 15.50 32,250 14.40

4,677,760 14.10 29,320 13.59

3,211,590 13.49 28,060 13.02

1,466,170 15.43 32,090 14.83

Nursing assistants................................................................................................................................ 1,371,050 15.41 32,050 14.83

Orderlies............................................................................................................................................... 43,570 15.28 31,780 14.44

Psychiatric aides................................................................................................................................... 51,550 16.01 33,300 15.18

186,900 25.19 52,400 26.08

48,380 28.85 60,010 29.30

Occupational therapy assistants........................................................................................................... 42,750 30.49 63,420 30.26

Occupational therapy aides................................................................................................................... 5,630 16.42 34,160 14.51

138,520 23.92 49,750 24.02

Physical therapist assistants................................................................................................................. 92,740 28.58 59,440 28.74

Physical therapist aides........................................................................................................................ 45,790 14.47 30,110 13.68

1,576,220 18.53 38,540 17.68

85,040 22.77 47,350 20.97

See footnotes at end of table.

Massage therapists....................................................................................................................................

Table 1. National employment and wage data from the Occupational Employment and Wage Statistics survey by occupation, May 2020- Continued

Occupation

Median 

hourly 

wages

Employment

Mean wages

Registered nurses......................................................................................................................................

Nurse anesthetists.....................................................................................................................................

Nurse midwives.........................................................................................................................................

Nurse practitioners....................................................................................................................................

Audiologists...............................................................................................................................................

Obstetricians and gynecologists.................................................................................................................

Optometrists..............................................................................................................................................

Pharmacists...............................................................................................................................................

Healthcare practitioners and technical occupations

Healthcare diagnosing or treating practitioners...............................................................................................

Chiropractors.............................................................................................................................................

Dentists.....................................................................................................................................................

Dietitians and nutritionists..........................................................................................................................

Anesthesiologists.......................................................................................................................................

Family medicine physicians.......................................................................................................................

General internal medicine physicians.........................................................................................................

Diagnostic medical sonographers..............................................................................................................

Nuclear medicine technologists..................................................................................................................

Nursing assistants, orderlies, and psychiatric aides...................................................................................

Radiologic technologists and technicians...................................................................................................

Magnetic resonance imaging technologists................................................................................................

Health practitioner support technologists and technicians..........................................................................

Licensed practical and licensed vocational nurses.....................................................................................

Emergency medical technicians and paramedics.......................................................................................

Opticians, dispensing.................................................................................................................................

Occupational therapy and physical therapist assistants and aides..................................................................

Occupational therapy assistants and aides................................................................................................

Physical therapist assistants and aides......................................................................................................

Other healthcare support occupations............................................................................................................

 and technical workers, all other...........................................................................................................

Home health and personal care aides........................................................................................................

Healthcare support occupations

Home health and personal care aides; and nursing assistants, orderlies, and psychiatric aides......................

Orthotists and prosthetists.........................................................................................................................

Hearing aid specialists...............................................................................................................................

Medical dosimetrists, medical records specialists, and health technologists and technicians, all other.......

Genetic counselors....................................................................................................................................

Health information technologists, medical registrars, surgical assistants, and healthcare practitioners

Other healthcare practitioners and technical occupations...............................................................................

Athletic trainers..........................................................................................................................................

Clinical laboratory technologists and technicians........................................................................................

Health technologists and technicians..............................................................................................................

Veterinarians.............................................................................................................................................

Physician assistants..................................................................................................................................

Podiatrists..................................................................................................................................................

Therapists..................................................................................................................................................

Physicians, all other; and ophthalmologists, except pediatric.....................................................................

Surgeons, except ophthalmologists............................................................................................................

Miscellaneous healthcare diagnosing or treating practitioners....................................................................

Pediatricians, general................................................................................................................................

Psychiatrists..............................................................................................................................................

Cardiovascular technologists and technicians............................................................................................
Hourly Annual1

1,491,180 $18.29 $38,030 $17.60

Dental assistants.................................................................................................................................. 312,140 20.34 42,310 19.80

Medical assistants................................................................................................................................ 710,200 17.75 36,930 17.23

Medical equipment preparers................................................................................................................ 56,870 19.75 41,070 18.65

Medical transcriptionists........................................................................................................................ 49,530 17.94 37,310 16.96

Pharmacy aides.................................................................................................................................... 38,900 15.50 32,250 14.08

Veterinary assistants and laboratory animal caretakers......................................................................... 98,810 14.89 30,980 14.39

Phlebotomists....................................................................................................................................... 128,020 17.92 37,280 17.46

Healthcare support workers, all other.................................................................................................... 96,720 19.92 41,430 19.00

3,351,180 25.11 52,220 21.02

323,580 38.02 79,080 34.79

175,730 42.40 88,190 39.85

First-line supervisors of correctional officers......................................................................................... 53,420 32.50 67,600 29.28

First-line supervisors of police and detectives....................................................................................... 122,310 46.72 97,180 44.70

69,000 39.99 83,170 37.92

78,860 26.54 55,210 25.31

328,260 27.31 56,800 25.51

311,350 27.09 56,360 25.24

16,920 31.26 65,010 29.87

Fire inspectors and investigators.......................................................................................................... 14,010 32.54 67,680 31.06

Forest fire inspectors and prevention specialists................................................................................... 2,900 25.06 52,130 20.26

1,203,450 31.37 65,240 28.53

423,980 25.15 52,310 22.81

Bailiffs................................................................................................................................................... 18,120 24.87 51,730 23.08

Correctional officers and jailers............................................................................................................. 405,870 25.16 52,340 22.79

105,980 42.93 89,300 41.80

7,230 27.79 57,810 27.90

7,560 21.57 44,870 20.23

658,700 33.66 70,010 31.54

Police and sheriff's patrol officers.......................................................................................................... 654,900 33.66 70,000 31.51

Transit and railroad police..................................................................................................................... 3,800 34.13 71,000 34.89

1,495,880 16.80 34,940 15.02

11,580 19.56 40,680 18.48

32,200 28.89 60,100 25.64

1,062,740 16.54 34,410 14.94

Gambling surveillance officers and gambling investigators.................................................................... 8,340 19.19 39,910 16.97

Security guards..................................................................................................................................... 1,054,400 16.52 34,360 14.93

389,350 16.41 34,140 14.78

Crossing guards and flaggers............................................................................................................... 85,050 16.45 34,220 14.80

Lifeguards, ski patrol, and other recreational protective service workers............................................... 113,150 13.00 27,050 12.03

Transportation security screeners......................................................................................................... 46,850 21.60 44,920 21.30

School bus monitors and protective service workers, all other............................................................... 144,310 17.38 36,140 15.37

11,262,850 13.30 27,650 12.26

993,030 19.24 40,010 17.26

993,030 19.24 40,010 17.26

Chefs and head cooks.......................................................................................................................... 101,490 28.24 58,740 25.66

First-line supervisors of food preparation and serving workers.............................................................. 891,540 18.21 37,880 16.62

2,977,730 13.38 27,820 13.02

2,184,130 13.55 28,180 13.10

Cooks, fast food.................................................................................................................................... 544,420 11.68 24,300 11.72

Cooks, institution and cafeteria............................................................................................................. 387,300 14.40 29,940 13.78

Cooks, private household...................................................................................................................... 320 22.51 46,810 15.69

Cooks, restaurant................................................................................................................................. 1,109,650 14.20 29,530 13.84

Cooks, short order................................................................................................................................ 123,350 12.99 27,030 12.77

Cooks, all other..................................................................................................................................... 19,080 15.55 32,350 14.65

793,590 12.90 26,820 12.53

6,135,730 12.47 25,930 11.57

486,720 13.90 28,910 12.00

3,450,120 11.80 24,540 11.47

1,944,240 13.20 27,470 11.42

254,650 13.20 27,460 12.46

1,156,370 12.38 25,740 12.03

374,940 12.64 26,300 12.03

395,660 12.31 25,600 12.15

316,700 11.92 24,800 11.48

69,070 13.41 27,880 13.02

4,090,370 15.75 32,760 14.39

244,990 23.61 49,110 22.25

244,990 23.61 49,110 22.25

First-line supervisors of housekeeping and janitorial workers................................................................ 141,260 21.87 45,500 20.21

First-line supervisors of landscaping, lawn service, and groundskeeping workers................................. 103,730 25.98 54,040 24.52

2,882,710 14.79 30,760 13.64

2,803,150 14.66 30,490 13.54

Janitors and cleaners, except maids and housekeeping cleaners......................................................... 1,990,510 15.10 31,410 13.98

Maids and housekeeping cleaners........................................................................................................ 795,590 13.47 28,010 12.61

Building cleaning workers, all other....................................................................................................... 17,050 18.68 38,860 16.59

79,560 19.40 40,350 18.18

See footnotes at end of table.

First-line supervisors of building and grounds cleaning and maintenance workers.....................................

Building cleaning and pest control workers.....................................................................................................

Building cleaning workers..........................................................................................................................

Pest control workers..................................................................................................................................

Fire inspectors...........................................................................................................................................

Miscellaneous healthcare support occupations..........................................................................................

Firefighters................................................................................................................................................

Table 1. National employment and wage data from the Occupational Employment and Wage Statistics survey by occupation, May 2020- Continued

Median 

hourly 

wages

Employment

Mean wages

Protective service occupations

Supervisors of protective service workers.......................................................................................................

First-line supervisors of firefighting and prevention workers.......................................................................

Occupation

Food preparation workers..........................................................................................................................

Food and beverage serving workers...............................................................................................................

Bartenders.................................................................................................................................................

Fast food and counter workers...................................................................................................................

Waiters and waitresses..............................................................................................................................

Food servers, nonrestaurant......................................................................................................................

Other food preparation and serving related workers.......................................................................................

Supervisors of food preparation and serving workers.................................................................................

Law enforcement workers...............................................................................................................................

Bailiffs, correctional officers, and jailers.....................................................................................................

Detectives and criminal investigators.........................................................................................................

Fish and game wardens.............................................................................................................................

Parking enforcement workers....................................................................................................................

Healthcare support occupations (Continued)

Miscellaneous first-line supervisors, protective service workers.................................................................

First-line supervisors of law enforcement workers......................................................................................

Dining room and cafeteria attendants and bartender helpers.....................................................................

Dishwashers..............................................................................................................................................

Hosts and hostesses, restaurant, lounge, and coffee shop........................................................................

Building and grounds cleaning and maintenance occupations

Supervisors of building and grounds cleaning and maintenance workers........................................................

Firefighting and prevention workers................................................................................................................

Police officers............................................................................................................................................

Animal control workers...............................................................................................................................

Security guards and gambling surveillance officers....................................................................................

Other protective service workers....................................................................................................................

Private detectives and investigators..........................................................................................................

Miscellaneous protective service workers..................................................................................................

Cooks and food preparation workers..............................................................................................................

Cooks........................................................................................................................................................

Food preparation and serving related occupations

Supervisors of food preparation and serving workers.....................................................................................

Food preparation and serving related workers, all other.............................................................................
Hourly Annual1

962,670 $16.63 $34,590 $15.49

962,670 16.63 34,590 15.49

Landscaping and groundskeeping workers........................................................................................... 872,370 16.25 33,800 15.26

Pesticide handlers, sprayers, and applicators, vegetation..................................................................... 23,950 18.81 39,130 17.61

Tree trimmers and pruners................................................................................................................... 52,040 21.18 44,040 19.88

Grounds maintenance workers, all other............................................................................................... 14,310 19.36 40,270 16.45

2,696,340 15.68 32,610 13.52

193,950 22.28 46,350 20.60

19,100 24.60 51,160 24.25

174,860 22.03 45,820 20.19

208,540 13.97 29,060 12.68

14,880 18.25 37,950 15.16

193,660 13.65 28,380 12.54

450,630 12.77 26,560 12.01

83,400 12.95 26,940 11.92

Gambling dealers.................................................................................................................................. 67,330 12.55 26,110 11.41

Gambling and sports book writers and runners..................................................................................... 7,500 13.05 27,130 12.13

Gambling service workers, all other...................................................................................................... 8,570 16.03 33,340 14.12

2,270 16.53 34,380 13.22

95,600 12.69 26,390 12.07

269,370 12.71 26,430 12.02

Amusement and recreation attendants.................................................................................................. 248,190 12.31 25,610 11.90

Costume attendants.............................................................................................................................. 5,750 24.89 51,780 20.63

Locker room, coatroom, and dressing room attendants......................................................................... 11,530 14.10 29,320 12.84

Entertainment attendants and related workers, all other........................................................................ 3,900 15.66 32,580 13.09

3,860 24.14 50,220 22.90

32,300 14.97 31,130 14.01

24,560 28.36 59,000 26.01

448,020 16.08 33,460 13.61

317,290 15.86 32,990 13.28

Barbers................................................................................................................................................. 14,880 18.29 38,050 15.61

Hairdressers, hairstylists, and cosmetologists....................................................................................... 302,410 15.74 32,740 13.16

130,730 16.63 34,580 14.21

Makeup artists, theatrical and performance........................................................................................... 2,780 48.07 99,990 51.40

Manicurists and pedicurists................................................................................................................... 73,010 13.95 29,010 13.40

Shampooers......................................................................................................................................... 8,310 11.69 24,320 11.63

Skincare specialists.............................................................................................................................. 46,640 19.82 41,230 17.55

65,240 15.67 32,580 14.48

65,240 15.67 32,580 14.48

Baggage porters and bellhops............................................................................................................... 28,440 13.97 29,060 13.00

Concierges........................................................................................................................................... 36,800 16.97 35,310 15.57

38,030 15.48 32,200 14.16

38,030 15.48 32,200 14.16

494,360 12.88 26,790 12.24

573,720 17.94 37,310 15.03

248,070 21.95 45,650 19.48

325,640 14.88 30,960 13.67

102,450 16.07 33,430 14.99

60,650 14.58 30,330 13.66

13,120,320 22.00 45,750 15.15

1,303,400 26.54 55,200 22.15

1,303,400 26.54 55,200 22.15

First-line supervisors of retail sales workers.......................................................................................... 1,063,110 22.74 47,300 19.99

First-line supervisors of non-retail sales workers................................................................................... 240,290 43.33 90,120 37.77

7,628,920 13.95 29,010 12.63

3,347,090 12.37 25,730 12.03

Cashiers............................................................................................................................................... 3,333,100 12.36 25,710 12.03

Gambling change persons and booth cashiers...................................................................................... 14,000 13.99 29,110 13.02

622,160 17.01 35,380 15.13

Counter and rental clerks...................................................................................................................... 368,300 16.68 34,700 14.84

Parts salespersons............................................................................................................................... 253,870 17.48 36,350 15.61

3,659,670 14.87 30,940 13.02

1,992,540 36.14 75,170 27.77

110,040 32.71 68,040 26.41

409,950 33.22 69,100 25.08

440,300 46.41 96,540 31.14

55,180 22.43 46,650 20.36

977,070 33.89 70,490 28.25

1,566,820 37.65 78,310 31.45

1,566,820 37.65 78,310 31.45

Sales representatives, wholesale and manufacturing, technical and scientific products......................... 288,150 47.92 99,680 41.66

Sales representatives, wholesale and manufacturing, except technical and scientific products............. 1,278,670 35.34 73,500 29.84

628,640 26.39 54,890 18.06

72,340 18.09 37,630 15.62

Demonstrators and product promoters.................................................................................................. 69,990 17.83 37,080 15.62

Models.................................................................................................................................................. 2,350 25.99 54,050 15.34

See footnotes at end of table.

Median 

hourly 

wages

Employment

Mean wages

Grounds maintenance workers..................................................................................................................

Tour and travel guides...............................................................................................................................

Recreation and fitness workers.......................................................................................................................

Sales representatives of services, except advertising, insurance, financial services, and travel.................

Grounds maintenance workers.......................................................................................................................

Occupation

First-line supervisors of personal service and entertainment and recreation workers, except gambling

Animal caretakers......................................................................................................................................

Motion picture projectionists......................................................................................................................

Embalmers.....................................................................................................................................................

Personal appearance workers.........................................................................................................................

Barbers, hairdressers, hairstylists and cosmetologists...............................................................................

Miscellaneous personal appearance workers.............................................................................................

Personal care and service occupations

Supervisors of personal care and service workers..........................................................................................

Crematory operators and personal care and service workers, all other...........................................................

Childcare workers...........................................................................................................................................

First-line supervisors of gambling services workers...................................................................................

Table 1. National employment and wage data from the Occupational Employment and Wage Statistics survey by occupation, May 2020- Continued

Exercise trainers and group fitness instructors...........................................................................................

Recreation workers....................................................................................................................................

 services..............................................................................................................................................

Animal care and service workers....................................................................................................................

Animal trainers...........................................................................................................................................

Entertainment attendants and related workers................................................................................................

Gambling services workers........................................................................................................................

Residential advisors.......................................................................................................................................

Morticians, undertakers, and funeral arrangers...............................................................................................

Sales representatives, wholesale and manufacturing......................................................................................

Baggage porters, bellhops, and concierges....................................................................................................

First-line supervisors of sales workers.......................................................................................................

Retail sales workers........................................................................................................................................

Baggage porters, bellhops, and concierges................................................................................................

Tour and travel guides....................................................................................................................................

Ushers, lobby attendants, and ticket takers................................................................................................

Miscellaneous entertainment attendants and related workers....................................................................

Building and grounds cleaning and maintenance occupations (Continued)

Insurance sales agents..............................................................................................................................

Sales and related occupations

Supervisors of sales workers..........................................................................................................................

Cashiers....................................................................................................................................................

Counter and rental clerks and parts salespersons......................................................................................

Retail salespersons....................................................................................................................................

Sales representatives, services......................................................................................................................

Securities, commodities, and financial services sales agents.....................................................................

Travel agents.............................................................................................................................................

Sales representatives, wholesale and manufacturing.................................................................................

Other sales and related workers.....................................................................................................................

Models, demonstrators, and product promoters.........................................................................................

Funeral attendants..........................................................................................................................................

Advertising sales agents............................................................................................................................
Hourly Annual1

Sales and related occupations (Continued)

213,350 $32.16 $66,890 $24.63

Real estate brokers............................................................................................................................... 44,610 39.25 81,630 29.02

Real estate sales agents....................................................................................................................... 168,740 30.28 62,990 23.58

63,780 56.38 117,270 52.32

117,610 14.87 30,930 13.42

161,550 19.04 39,590 14.67

Door-to-door sales workers, news and street vendors, and related workers.......................................... 8,360 17.66 36,740 14.29

Sales and related workers, all other....................................................................................................... 153,180 19.11 39,750 14.69

18,548,360 20.38 42,390 18.62

1,427,260 29.81 62,010 28.10

1,427,260 29.81 62,010 28.10

66,960 16.85 35,050 15.41

59,270 16.34 33,980 15.11

4,630 18.91 39,340 18.13

3,070 23.68 49,260 22.44

2,770,580 20.15 41,920 19.02

222,030 19.53 40,630 18.32

445,160 20.01 41,610 19.03

1,443,940 21.20 44,100 20.39

10,560 14.28 29,700 13.77

133,870 23.21 48,290 22.61

61,000 21.83 45,400 21.51

423,570 15.85 32,960 15.68

30,470 22.27 46,310 21.23

5,480,860 18.22 37,900 16.97

44,720 28.11 58,460 26.57

6,150 19.26 40,070 18.46

156,100 20.91 43,490 19.68

24,600 20.95 43,580 20.06

2,833,250 18.51 38,510 17.23

138,820 23.07 47,990 22.65

91,560 17.38 36,140 16.39

222,550 12.93 26,900 12.26

173,800 18.10 37,640 17.39

84,560 14.78 30,740 13.81

204,100 20.57 42,780 19.89

45,250 19.17 39,870 18.15

119,640 18.10 37,660 17.11

108,470 21.24 44,170 20.79

968,420 15.58 32,410 14.96

110,020 21.98 45,710 18.96

148,870 21.10 43,880 20.59

2,149,050 21.60 44,930 19.79

96,510 22.68 47,170 21.04

70,700 15.87 33,010 14.89

281,740 21.72 45,170 20.07

Public safety telecommunicators........................................................................................................... 93,290 22.02 45,800 20.82

Dispatchers, except police, fire, and ambulance................................................................................... 188,450 21.57 44,860 19.70

26,490 22.19 46,160 20.16

525,920 25.24 52,500 24.59

Postal service clerks............................................................................................................................. 86,950 24.62 51,200 24.11

Postal service mail carriers................................................................................................................... 333,570 25.57 53,180 24.56

Postal service mail sorters, processors, and processing machine operators......................................... 105,400 24.73 51,440 25.55

362,090 25.00 52,000 23.86

727,640 17.89 37,210 16.95

57,960 18.31 38,080 17.62

3,111,790 21.54 44,800 19.71

3,111,790 21.54 44,800 19.71

Executive secretaries and executive administrative assistants.............................................................. 503,390 31.36 65,230 30.34

Legal secretaries and administrative assistants.................................................................................... 160,950 25.36 52,750 23.55

Medical secretaries and administrative assistants................................................................................. 597,100 18.75 39,000 17.96

Secretaries and administrative assistants, except legal, medical, and executive................................... 1,850,360 19.43 40,420 18.68

3,541,850 18.41 38,290 17.25

194,440 17.96 37,350 17.22

Data entry keyers.................................................................................................................................. 151,520 17.24 35,850 16.56

Word processors and typists................................................................................................................. 42,920 20.50 42,630 19.73

7,090 24.33 50,600 22.86

240,740 21.67 45,070 20.22

79,310 16.20 33,700 15.35

2,788,090 18.16 37,770 16.98

40,640 17.59 36,580 16.70

6,610 21.48 44,670 19.78

9,320 25.06 52,120 24.21

175,600 18.91 39,340 17.25

478,770 16.02 33,310 14.27

22,640 26.16 54,420 24.08

22,640 26.16 54,420 24.08

See footnotes at end of table.

Court, municipal, and license clerks...........................................................................................................

Credit authorizers, checkers, and clerks....................................................................................................

Employment

Median 

hourly 

wages

Correspondence clerks..............................................................................................................................

Tellers........................................................................................................................................................

Financial clerks, all other............................................................................................................................

Financial clerks...............................................................................................................................................

Information and record clerks.........................................................................................................................

Switchboard operators, including answering service..................................................................................

Telephone operators..................................................................................................................................

Occupation

Brokerage clerks........................................................................................................................................

First-line supervisors of office and administrative support workers.............................................................

Supervisors of office and administrative support workers...............................................................................

Communications equipment operators............................................................................................................

Customer service representatives..............................................................................................................

Eligibility interviewers, government programs............................................................................................

Communications equipment operators, all other........................................................................................

File clerks..................................................................................................................................................

Hotel, motel, and resort desk clerks...........................................................................................................

Interviewers, except eligibility and loan......................................................................................................

Other office and administrative support workers.............................................................................................

Secretaries and administrative assistants..................................................................................................

Production, planning, and expediting clerks...............................................................................................

Shipping, receiving, and inventory clerks...................................................................................................

Weighers, measurers, checkers, and samplers, recordkeeping.................................................................

Secretaries and administrative assistants.......................................................................................................

Order clerks...............................................................................................................................................

Human resources assistants, except payroll and timekeeping....................................................................

Meter readers, utilities...............................................................................................................................

Postal service workers...............................................................................................................................

Material recording, scheduling, dispatching, and distributing workers.............................................................

Couriers and messengers..........................................................................................................................

Dispatchers...............................................................................................................................................

Cargo and freight agents...........................................................................................................................

Library assistants, clerical..........................................................................................................................

Loan interviewers and clerks......................................................................................................................

New accounts clerks..................................................................................................................................

Office clerks, general.................................................................................................................................

Office machine operators, except computer...............................................................................................

Proofreaders and copy markers.................................................................................................................

Statistical assistants..................................................................................................................................

Office and administrative support workers, all other...................................................................................

Data entry and information processing workers.........................................................................................

Farming, fishing, and forestry occupations

Supervisors of farming, fishing, and forestry workers......................................................................................

First-line supervisors of farming, fishing, and forestry workers...................................................................

Insurance claims and policy processing clerks...........................................................................................

Mail clerks and mail machine operators, except postal service...................................................................

Desktop publishers....................................................................................................................................

Mean wages

Telemarketers............................................................................................................................................

Miscellaneous sales and related workers...................................................................................................

Office and administrative support occupations

Receptionists and information clerks..........................................................................................................

Reservation and transportation ticket agents and travel clerks...................................................................

Information and record clerks, all other......................................................................................................

Bill and account collectors..........................................................................................................................

Billing and posting clerks............................................................................................................................

Bookkeeping, accounting, and auditing clerks............................................................................................

Gambling cage workers.............................................................................................................................

Payroll and timekeeping clerks...................................................................................................................

Procurement clerks....................................................................................................................................

Table 1. National employment and wage data from the Occupational Employment and Wage Statistics survey by occupation, May 2020- Continued

Real estate brokers and sales agents........................................................................................................

Sales engineers.........................................................................................................................................
Hourly Annual1

409,420 $14.99 $31,180 $13.95

13,450 23.38 48,620 22.45

920 21.12 43,930 19.60

28,640 14.24 29,620 13.57

366,410 14.72 30,620 13.89

Agricultural equipment operators........................................................................................................... 29,220 16.38 34,070 15.75

Farmworkers and laborers, crop, nursery, and greenhouse................................................................... 293,910 14.49 30,140 13.78

Farmworkers, farm, ranch, and aquacultural animals............................................................................ 36,820 14.93 31,060 14.01

Agricultural workers, all other................................................................................................................ 6,460 16.51 34,330 14.49

44,120 20.30 42,230 19.33

6,490 16.11 33,520 14.73

37,630 21.03 43,740 20.36

Fallers................................................................................................................................................... 4,820 23.81 49,520 20.76

Logging equipment operators............................................................................................................... 25,560 20.95 43,570 20.78

Log graders and scalers........................................................................................................................ 3,390 18.72 38,940 17.74

Logging workers, all other..................................................................................................................... 3,850 20.11 41,830 19.91

Construction and extraction occupations 5,937,830 25.93 53,940 23.37

614,080 35.09 72,990 32.61

614,080 35.09 72,990 32.61

4,430,270 25.28 52,580 22.83

14,020 32.42 67,430 31.42

71,770 27.29 56,750 25.52

Brickmasons and blockmasons............................................................................................................. 59,940 28.09 58,420 26.48

Stonemasons........................................................................................................................................ 11,830 23.22 48,290 20.99

699,300 26.06 54,200 23.81

82,980 22.91 47,650 20.77

Carpet installers.................................................................................................................................... 23,020 22.19 46,150 19.94

Floor layers, except carpet, wood, and hard tiles................................................................................... 16,720 23.91 49,740 21.89

Floor sanders and finishers................................................................................................................... 5,100 19.90 41,400 18.68

Tile and stone setters............................................................................................................................ 38,150 23.31 48,490 21.26

198,550 23.80 49,490 22.14

Cement masons and concrete finishers................................................................................................ 195,580 23.74 49,390 22.12

Terrazzo workers and finishers............................................................................................................. 2,970 27.13 56,440 24.73

971,330 20.67 43,000 18.22

451,250 26.22 54,540 23.61

Paving, surfacing, and tamping equipment operators............................................................................ 44,560 22.31 46,400 19.97

Pile driver operators.............................................................................................................................. 3,820 34.56 71,880 30.47

Operating engineers and other construction equipment operators........................................................ 402,870 26.58 55,280 23.93

116,010 25.66 53,360 23.47

Drywall and ceiling tile installers............................................................................................................ 99,700 24.97 51,930 22.82

Tapers.................................................................................................................................................. 16,320 29.87 62,140 28.58

656,510 29.59 61,550 27.36

52,190 24.50 50,970 22.15

60,480 24.42 50,800 22.03

Insulation workers, floor, ceiling, and wall.............................................................................................. 32,780 22.53 46,860 20.04

Insulation workers, mechanical............................................................................................................. 27,700 26.67 55,470 24.05

220,700 22.36 46,500 20.27

Painters, construction and maintenance............................................................................................... 217,880 22.33 46,460 20.25

Paperhangers....................................................................................................................................... 2,820 23.95 49,820 20.94

451,390 28.79 59,890 26.43

Pipelayers............................................................................................................................................. 33,950 21.66 45,060 19.46

Plumbers, pipefitters, and steamfitters.................................................................................................. 417,440 29.37 61,100 27.08

25,210 25.05 52,100 22.61

18,680 26.30 54,700 23.75

128,680 22.60 47,010 20.95

128,220 26.60 55,320 24.70

71,490 28.20 58,650 26.36

11,490 23.08 48,020 22.34

227,710 17.13 35,640 16.35

227,710 17.13 35,640 16.35

Helpers--brickmasons, blockmasons, stonemasons, and tile and marble setters................................... 21,410 19.32 40,190 17.78

Helpers--carpenters.............................................................................................................................. 30,900 17.00 35,360 16.48

Helpers--electricians............................................................................................................................. 73,920 17.04 35,440 16.27

Helpers--painters, paperhangers, plasterers, and stucco masons......................................................... 9,500 16.12 33,520 15.21

Helpers--pipelayers, plumbers, pipefitters, and steamfitters.................................................................. 55,740 16.82 34,990 16.15

Helpers--roofers.................................................................................................................................... 8,390 16.86 35,080 15.99

Helpers, construction trades, all other................................................................................................... 27,850 16.89 35,140 16.04

438,940 25.36 52,750 22.87

113,770 31.96 66,470 30.22

24,730 41.44 86,200 42.57

27,010 19.29 40,120 18.05

44,010 23.64 49,170 21.77

149,890 20.77 43,200 20.03

17,590 27.61 57,430 27.10

29,880 21.12 43,930 19.77

32,050 21.24 44,180 19.07

226,840 23.81 49,520 22.12

68,840 25.80 53,670 23.47

See footnotes at end of table.

Structural iron and steel workers................................................................................................................

Electricians................................................................................................................................................

Glaziers.....................................................................................................................................................

Insulation workers......................................................................................................................................

Helpers, construction trades...........................................................................................................................

Other construction and related workers..........................................................................................................

Construction and building inspectors.........................................................................................................

Elevator and escalator installers and repairers...........................................................................................

Extraction workers..........................................................................................................................................

Helpers, construction trades......................................................................................................................

Fence erectors...........................................................................................................................................

Hazardous materials removal workers.......................................................................................................

Highway maintenance workers..................................................................................................................

Rail-track laying and maintenance equipment operators............................................................................

Septic tank servicers and sewer pipe cleaners...........................................................................................

Miscellaneous construction and related workers........................................................................................

Median 

hourly 

wages

Employment

Table 1. National employment and wage data from the Occupational Employment and Wage Statistics survey by occupation, May 2020- Continued

Mean wages

Forest and conservation workers...............................................................................................................

Agricultural workers........................................................................................................................................

Agricultural inspectors................................................................................................................................

Animal breeders.........................................................................................................................................

Graders and sorters, agricultural products.................................................................................................

Miscellaneous agricultural workers.............................................................................................................

Forest, conservation, and logging workers......................................................................................................

Farming, fishing, and forestry occupations (Continued)

Occupation

Logging workers........................................................................................................................................

Boilermakers..............................................................................................................................................

Construction trades workers...........................................................................................................................

Reinforcing iron and rebar workers............................................................................................................

Roofers......................................................................................................................................................

Sheet metal workers..................................................................................................................................

Supervisors of construction and extraction workers........................................................................................

First-line supervisors of construction trades and extraction workers...........................................................

Brickmasons, blockmasons, and stonemasons..........................................................................................

Carpenters.................................................................................................................................................

Carpet, floor, and tile installers and finishers..............................................................................................

Cement masons, concrete finishers, and terrazzo workers........................................................................

Construction laborers.................................................................................................................................

Construction equipment operators.............................................................................................................

Drywall installers, ceiling tile installers, and tapers......................................................................................

Painters and paperhangers........................................................................................................................

Pipelayers, plumbers, pipefitters, and steamfitters.....................................................................................

Plasterers and stucco masons...................................................................................................................

Derrick, rotary drill, and service unit operators, oil and gas........................................................................

Solar photovoltaic installers........................................................................................................................
Hourly Annual1

Derrick operators, oil and gas............................................................................................................... 9,350 $24.17 $50,280 $23.04

Rotary drill operators, oil and gas.......................................................................................................... 15,650 28.34 58,940 25.88

Service unit operators, oil and gas........................................................................................................ 43,840 25.25 52,510 22.78

40,240 23.32 48,500 21.70

14,990 28.05 58,340 27.37

2,080 29.76 61,900 29.42

3,520 26.97 56,100 27.23

4,640 18.48 38,430 17.85

44,710 20.27 42,160 18.95

12,740 18.82 39,150 18.20

22,540 24.54 51,040 23.32

12,540 25.83 53,730 25.19

Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations 5,486,930 25.17 52,360 23.44

475,000 35.14 73,100 33.77

475,000 35.14 73,100 33.77

526,000 27.60 57,400 26.59

91,930 21.05 43,790 19.76

203,730 29.76 61,900 29.45

Radio, cellular, and tower equipment installers and repairers................................................................ 13,210 29.23 60,790 27.75

Telecommunications equipment installers and repairers, except line installers...................................... 190,510 29.80 61,980 29.55

230,350 28.29 58,850 27.29

Avionics technicians............................................................................................................................. 21,390 33.26 69,180 32.61

Electric motor, power tool, and related repairers................................................................................... 15,380 23.68 49,250 22.40

Electrical and electronics installers and repairers, transportation equipment......................................... 10,390 33.87 70,440 33.75

Electrical and electronics repairers, commercial and industrial equipment............................................. 55,200 30.46 63,350 29.81

Electrical and electronics repairers, powerhouse, substation, and relay................................................ 23,070 39.98 83,150 41.03

Electronic equipment installers and repairers, motor vehicles............................................................... 10,230 19.83 41,250 19.02

Audiovisual equipment installers and repairers..................................................................................... 25,760 21.57 44,850 19.93

Security and fire alarm systems installers.............................................................................................. 68,920 25.07 52,150 24.49

1,553,160 23.76 49,420 22.37

128,300 33.19 69,040 31.94

775,710 22.63 47,060 21.19

Automotive body and related repairers.................................................................................................. 137,120 23.77 49,430 21.80

Automotive glass installers and repairers.............................................................................................. 18,490 19.07 39,660 18.13

Automotive service technicians and mechanics.................................................................................... 620,110 22.48 46,760 21.18

253,010 25.04 52,090 24.13

205,720 26.50 55,110 25.66

Farm equipment mechanics and service technicians............................................................................ 35,720 21.81 45,350 21.09

Mobile heavy equipment mechanics, except engines............................................................................ 147,680 27.40 57,000 26.61

Rail car repairers.................................................................................................................................. 22,310 28.01 58,250 27.74

65,430 19.88 41,360 18.76

Motorboat mechanics and service technicians...................................................................................... 20,440 21.87 45,490 20.83

Motorcycle mechanics........................................................................................................................... 13,490 19.42 40,390 18.28

Outdoor power equipment and other small engine mechanics............................................................... 31,500 18.79 39,090 18.04

124,990 16.06 33,400 14.91

Bicycle repairers................................................................................................................................... 11,290 16.12 33,530 15.69

Recreational vehicle service technicians............................................................................................... 15,150 21.05 43,790 19.48

Tire repairers and changers.................................................................................................................. 98,560 15.28 31,790 14.45

2,932,770 23.87 49,650 22.26

73,340 27.46 57,120 25.27

Mechanical door repairers..................................................................................................................... 22,680 21.80 45,350 20.78

Control and valve installers and repairers, except mechanical door....................................................... 50,660 30.00 62,400 29.13

344,020 25.68 53,410 24.32

27,640 21.06 43,810 20.00

496,380 27.30 56,790 26.40

Industrial machinery mechanics............................................................................................................ 385,980 27.57 57,350 26.68

Maintenance workers, machinery.......................................................................................................... 65,240 24.98 51,960 24.08

Millwrights............................................................................................................................................. 44,400 28.40 59,080 27.53

Refractory materials repairers, except brickmasons.............................................................................. 760 26.48 55,080 26.26

237,420 32.66 67,940 32.71

Electrical power-line installers and repairers.......................................................................................... 114,930 35.78 74,410 36.07

Telecommunications line installers and repairers.................................................................................. 122,480 29.74 61,860 28.30

71,430 25.88 53,830 24.40

Camera and photographic equipment repairers.................................................................................... 3,320 20.55 42,740 19.39

Medical equipment repairers................................................................................................................. 48,510 26.49 55,090 24.81

Musical instrument repairers and tuners............................................................................................... 7,070 19.12 39,770 17.70

Watch and clock repairers.................................................................................................................... 2,430 23.35 48,560 21.77

Precision instrument and equipment repairers, all other........................................................................ 10,100 30.05 62,500 29.53

1,357,630 21.05 43,790 19.64

5,860 28.53 59,340 27.03

319,050 20.91 43,490 18.80

Coin, vending, and amusement machine servicers and repairers......................................................... 25,080 19.09 39,710 18.07

Commercial divers................................................................................................................................ 3,460 34.54 71,850 26.35

Locksmiths and safe repairers.............................................................................................................. 16,180 22.23 46,240 21.00

Manufactured building and mobile home installers................................................................................ 2,900 17.48 36,360 16.89

Riggers................................................................................................................................................. 21,700 25.49 53,020 24.45

Signal and track switch repairers.......................................................................................................... 7,250 36.53 75,970 36.64

Helpers--installation, maintenance, and repair workers......................................................................... 91,430 16.33 33,960 15.27

Installation, maintenance, and repair workers, all other......................................................................... 151,050 22.19 46,160 20.42

See footnotes at end of table.

Continuous mining machine operators.......................................................................................................

Loading and moving machine operators, underground mining...................................................................

Median 

hourly 

wages

Mean wages

Occupation Employment

Miscellaneous electrical and electronic equipment mechanics, installers, and repairers.............................

Construction and extraction occupations (Continued)

Table 1. National employment and wage data from the Occupational Employment and Wage Statistics survey by occupation, May 2020- Continued

Excavating and loading machine and dragline operators, surface mining...................................................

Precision instrument and equipment repairers...........................................................................................

Maintenance and repair workers, general..................................................................................................

Wind turbine service technicians...............................................................................................................

Miscellaneous installation, maintenance, and repair workers.....................................................................

Helpers--extraction workers.......................................................................................................................

Underground mining machine operators and extraction workers, all other..................................................

Electrical and electronic equipment mechanics, installers, and repairers.........................................................

Computer, automated teller, and office machine repairers.........................................................................

Supervisors of installation, maintenance, and repair workers..........................................................................

First-line supervisors of mechanics, installers, and repairers.....................................................................

Radio and telecommunications equipment installers and repairers............................................................

Home appliance repairers..........................................................................................................................

Industrial machinery installation, repair, and maintenance workers............................................................

Line installers and repairers.......................................................................................................................

Heating, air conditioning, and refrigeration mechanics and installers.........................................................

Vehicle and mobile equipment mechanics, installers, and repairers................................................................

Aircraft mechanics and service technicians...............................................................................................

Automotive technicians and repairers........................................................................................................

Bus and truck mechanics and diesel engine specialists.............................................................................

Heavy vehicle and mobile equipment service technicians and mechanics.................................................

Small engine mechanics............................................................................................................................

Miscellaneous vehicle and mobile equipment mechanics, installers, and repairers.....................................

Other installation, maintenance, and repair occupations.................................................................................

Control and valve installers and repairers..................................................................................................

Roustabouts, oil and gas...........................................................................................................................

Earth drillers, except oil and gas; and explosives workers, ordnance handling experts, and blasters..........

Rock splitters, quarry.................................................................................................................................

Roof bolters, mining...................................................................................................................................
Hourly Annual1

8,519,410 $20.08 $41,760 $18.00

599,900 32.12 66,800 30.22

599,900 32.12 66,800 30.22

1,724,470 18.05 37,550 16.81

38,460 26.69 55,510 25.56

296,380 18.66 38,810 17.53

Coil winders, tapers, and finishers........................................................................................................ 12,580 19.37 40,280 18.26

Electrical, electronic, and electromechanical assemblers, except coil winders, tapers,

 and finishers.................................................................................................................................. 283,800 18.63 38,750 17.49

41,510 22.69 47,190 22.00

69,550 21.51 44,750 20.09

18,800 18.41 38,280 17.76

1,000 18.96 39,430 17.39

1,258,780 17.30 35,980 16.13

777,500 15.69 32,640 14.88

168,890 14.93 31,060 14.13

367,970 15.56 32,370 14.94

Butchers and meat cutters.................................................................................................................... 142,220 16.65 34,630 15.82

Meat, poultry, and fish cutters and trimmers......................................................................................... 147,760 14.81 30,800 14.51

Slaughterers and meat packers............................................................................................................ 77,980 15.00 31,210 14.76

240,640 16.43 34,170 15.36

Food and tobacco roasting, baking, and drying machine operators and tenders................................... 19,010 17.01 35,370 15.62

Food batchmakers................................................................................................................................ 153,270 16.81 34,970 15.72

Food cooking machine operators and tenders....................................................................................... 26,530 16.43 34,180 15.87

Food processing workers, all other........................................................................................................ 41,840 14.75 30,680 14.24

1,691,060 20.93 43,540 19.60

117,530 19.86 41,310 18.96

Extruding and drawing machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic............................... 69,300 18.75 38,990 18.05

Forging machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic...................................................... 13,730 20.90 43,480 19.92

Rolling machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic....................................................... 34,500 21.69 45,110 20.96

297,430 18.99 39,500 18.07

Cutting, punching, and press machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic..................... 179,300 18.58 38,650 17.78

Drilling and boring machine tool setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic............................... 9,090 20.58 42,800 19.13

Grinding, lapping, polishing, and buffing machine tool setters, operators, and tenders, 

 metal and plastic............................................................................................................................ 69,570 18.65 38,800 17.73

Lathe and turning machine tool setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic................................ 23,710 20.72 43,100 19.90

Milling and planing machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic..................................... 15,760 21.60 44,920 20.74

360,340 22.98 47,800 22.04

22,490 21.57 44,860 20.67

Metal-refining furnace operators and tenders........................................................................................ 15,290 22.12 46,000 21.45

Pourers and casters, metal................................................................................................................... 7,200 20.41 42,440 19.31

5,800 26.26 54,630 24.83

Model makers, metal and plastic........................................................................................................... 3,400 27.97 58,180 26.33

Patternmakers, metal and plastic.......................................................................................................... 2,400 23.83 49,570 23.16

171,110 17.40 36,190 16.14

Foundry mold and coremakers.............................................................................................................. 16,090 18.45 38,370 17.86

Molding, coremaking, and casting machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic.............. 155,020 17.29 35,960 15.91

134,660 19.13 39,800 18.03

61,190 26.69 55,520 26.33

430,700 22.25 46,280 21.05

Welders, cutters, solderers, and brazers............................................................................................... 397,550 22.45 46,690 21.25

Welding, soldering, and brazing machine setters, operators, and tenders............................................. 33,150 19.86 41,320 18.95

89,810 19.26 40,060 17.89

Heat treating equipment setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic........................................... 16,550 20.04 41,680 19.00

Layout workers, metal and plastic......................................................................................................... 7,570 24.51 50,980 25.14

Plating machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic....................................................... 38,470 17.76 36,950 16.75

Tool grinders, filers, and sharpeners..................................................................................................... 6,080 21.00 43,670 19.74

Metal workers and plastic workers, all other.......................................................................................... 21,140 18.98 39,490 17.08

230,720 19.18 39,890 18.08

230,720 19.18 39,890 18.08

Prepress technicians and workers......................................................................................................... 28,010 20.85 43,370 19.91

Printing press operators........................................................................................................................ 160,270 19.32 40,200 18.21

Print binding and finishing workers........................................................................................................ 42,450 17.51 36,430 16.47

491,520 14.38 29,920 13.47

179,890 12.79 26,600 12.24

31,980 12.53 26,050 12.30

116,520 14.14 29,420 13.57

11,450 15.12 31,460 14.70

Shoe and leather workers and repairers................................................................................................ 7,380 15.13 31,480 14.69

Shoe machine operators and tenders................................................................................................... 4,080 15.11 31,430 14.72

24,260 16.97 35,300 15.44

Sewers, hand........................................................................................................................................ 3,410 14.80 30,790 14.42

Tailors, dressmakers, and custom sewers............................................................................................ 20,860 17.33 36,040 15.69

64,220 15.33 31,900 14.75

Textile bleaching and dyeing machine operators and tenders............................................................... 7,260 15.19 31,600 14.55

Textile cutting machine setters, operators, and tenders........................................................................ 12,650 14.85 30,890 14.38

Textile knitting and weaving machine setters, operators, and tenders................................................... 18,830 15.56 32,370 14.95

Textile winding, twisting, and drawing out machine setters, operators, and tenders.............................. 25,480 15.45 32,130 14.85

63,200 18.22 37,890 16.69

Extruding and forming machine setters, operators, and tenders, synthetic and glass fibers.................. 15,840 18.83 39,170 17.87

Fabric and apparel patternmakers......................................................................................................... 4,670 27.83 57,880 23.88

See footnotes at end of table.

Miscellaneous assemblers and fabricators.................................................................................................

Butchers and other meat, poultry, and fish processing workers..................................................................

Tool and die makers..................................................................................................................................

Welding, soldering, and brazing workers....................................................................................................

Forming machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic..........................................................

Machine tool cutting setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic......................................................

Machinists.................................................................................................................................................

Shoe and leather workers..........................................................................................................................

Pressers, textile, garment, and related materials........................................................................................

Sewing machine operators.........................................................................................................................

Miscellaneous textile, apparel, and furnishings workers.............................................................................

Supervisors of production workers..................................................................................................................

First-line supervisors of production and operating workers.........................................................................

Laundry and dry-cleaning workers.............................................................................................................

Tailors, dressmakers, and sewers..............................................................................................................

Textile machine setters, operators, and tenders.........................................................................................

Metal workers and plastic workers..................................................................................................................

Aircraft structure, surfaces, rigging, and systems assemblers....................................................................

Molders and molding machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic......................................

Multiple machine tool setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic....................................................

Miscellaneous metal workers and plastic workers......................................................................................

Printing workers..............................................................................................................................................

Printing workers.........................................................................................................................................

Model makers and patternmakers, metal and plastic..................................................................................

Structural metal fabricators and fitters........................................................................................................

Textile, apparel, and furnishings workers........................................................................................................

Production occupations

Table 1. National employment and wage data from the Occupational Employment and Wage Statistics survey by occupation, May 2020- Continued

Occupation Employment

Mean wages Median 

hourly 

wages

Metal furnace operators, tenders, pourers, and casters.............................................................................

Electrical, electronics, and electromechanical assemblers..........................................................................

Engine and other machine assemblers......................................................................................................

Food processing workers................................................................................................................................

Bakers.......................................................................................................................................................

Miscellaneous food processing workers.....................................................................................................

Assemblers and fabricators............................................................................................................................

Fiberglass laminators and fabricators.........................................................................................................

Timing device assemblers and adjusters...................................................................................................
Hourly Annual1

Production occupations (Continued)

Upholsterers......................................................................................................................................... 26,180 $18.21 $37,870 $17.43

Textile, apparel, and furnishings workers, all other................................................................................ 16,510 14.94 31,070 13.77

240,750 17.24 35,850 16.25

93,300 18.70 38,900 17.65

15,590 16.84 35,040 15.85

990 29.93 62,250 30.88

Model makers, wood............................................................................................................................. 800 30.10 62,600 30.79

Patternmakers, wood............................................................................................................................ 190 29.21 60,750 31.31

123,560 16.08 33,440 15.35

Sawing machine setters, operators, and tenders, wood........................................................................ 48,400 16.01 33,290 15.17

Woodworking machine setters, operators, and tenders, except sawing................................................. 75,160 16.13 33,540 15.46

7,300 17.17 35,710 16.17

297,000 31.48 65,490 30.07

48,210 41.69 86,720 42.83

Nuclear power reactor operators........................................................................................................... 5,310 50.23 104,470 50.02

Power distributors and dispatchers....................................................................................................... 9,940 44.84 93,260 45.72

Power plant operators........................................................................................................................... 32,960 39.37 81,890 40.70

29,550 32.77 68,170 31.09

119,380 24.95 51,890 23.60

99,870 33.99 70,700 34.04

Chemical plant and system operators................................................................................................... 29,710 31.47 65,460 31.71

Gas plant operators.............................................................................................................................. 14,990 35.24 73,290 35.08

Petroleum pump system operators, refinery operators, and gaugers..................................................... 40,480 37.31 77,610 37.90

Plant and system operators, all other.................................................................................................... 14,680 28.65 59,600 28.35

2,466,480 19.48 40,510 17.89

141,000 24.58 51,120 23.02

Chemical equipment operators and tenders.......................................................................................... 93,060 25.64 53,330 24.29

Separating, filtering, clarifying, precipitating, and still machine setters, operators, and tenders............. 47,930 22.52 46,850 20.72

172,710 19.28 40,110 18.20

Crushing, grinding, and polishing machine setters, operators, and tenders........................................... 32,460 19.85 41,290 18.93

Grinding and polishing workers, hand................................................................................................... 24,050 16.53 34,380 15.26

Mixing and blending machine setters, operators, and tenders............................................................... 116,190 19.69 40,960 18.60

60,740 18.12 37,690 17.46

Cutters and trimmers, hand.................................................................................................................. 7,980 16.44 34,190 15.21

Cutting and slicing machine setters, operators, and tenders................................................................. 52,760 18.37 38,220 17.78

63,730 18.48 38,440 17.58

16,880 20.15 41,910 19.56

549,200 21.43 44,580 19.45

18,650 23.10 48,050 20.14

70,650 20.25 42,130 18.57

Dental laboratory technicians................................................................................................................ 30,800 21.75 45,230 20.24

Medical appliance technicians............................................................................................................... 13,710 21.94 45,630 20.07

Ophthalmic laboratory technicians........................................................................................................ 26,140 17.62 36,640 16.56

370,910 16.94 35,220 15.69

149,370 20.08 41,770 18.63

Painting, coating, and decorating workers............................................................................................. 11,860 18.05 37,540 16.72

Coating, painting, and spraying machine setters, operators, and tenders.............................................. 137,510 20.26 42,140 18.78

31,080 21.74 45,210 19.47

8,880 18.94 39,390 16.69

174,650 22.47 46,740 21.26

Computer numerically controlled tool operators..................................................................................... 149,120 21.30 44,300 20.32

Computer numerically controlled tool programmers............................................................................... 25,530 29.33 61,010 27.76

638,030 17.15 35,660 15.67

Adhesive bonding machine operators and tenders................................................................................ 12,400 18.10 37,640 17.44

Cleaning, washing, and metal pickling equipment operators and tenders.............................................. 14,060 16.64 34,600 15.49

Cooling and freezing equipment operators and tenders........................................................................ 8,020 19.05 39,610 18.10

Etchers and engravers.......................................................................................................................... 9,490 16.94 35,230 15.28

Molders, shapers, and casters, except metal and plastic....................................................................... 41,660 17.97 37,370 17.04

Paper goods machine setters, operators, and tenders.......................................................................... 99,890 19.94 41,480 19.15

Tire builders.......................................................................................................................................... 18,820 22.11 45,980 22.25

Helpers--production workers................................................................................................................. 239,340 15.39 32,000 14.66

Production workers, all other................................................................................................................. 194,360 17.13 35,620 15.10

12,163,360 19.08 39,680 16.38

487,450 28.04 58,330 26.37

487,450 28.04 58,330 26.37

Aircraft cargo handling supervisors....................................................................................................... 10,020 28.66 59,620 25.77

First-line supervisors of transportation and material moving workers, except aircraft cargo

 handling supervisors....................................................................................................................... 477,430 28.03 58,300 26.38

269,710 (2) 111,420 (2)

120,670 (2) 163,480 (2)

Airline pilots, copilots, and flight engineers............................................................................................ 83,550 (2) 186,870 (2)

Commercial pilots................................................................................................................................. 37,120 (2) 110,830 (2)

32,780 50.54 105,120 47.91

Air traffic controllers.............................................................................................................................. 22,190 61.27 127,440 62.70

Airfield operations specialists................................................................................................................ 10,590 28.06 58,360 24.68

116,260 (2) 59,150 (2)

3,976,410 20.56 42,770 19.52

14,120 14.76 30,700 13.43

3,148,070 21.25 44,200 20.40

Driver/sales workers............................................................................................................................. 420,890 15.32 31,870 13.44

See footnotes at end of table.

Stationary engineers and boiler operators..................................................................................................

Water and wastewater treatment plant and system operators....................................................................

Miscellaneous plant and system operators.................................................................................................

Other production occupations.........................................................................................................................

Chemical processing machine setters, operators, and tenders..................................................................

Crushing, grinding, polishing, mixing, and blending workers......................................................................

Cutting workers..........................................................................................................................................

Extruding, forming, pressing, and compacting machine setters, operators, and tenders............................

Furnace, kiln, oven, drier, and kettle operators and tenders.......................................................................

Inspectors, testers, sorters, samplers, and weighers..................................................................................

Air transportation workers...............................................................................................................................

Air traffic controllers and airfield operations specialists..............................................................................

Flight attendants........................................................................................................................................

Motor vehicle operators..................................................................................................................................

Ambulance drivers and attendants, except emergency medical technicians...............................................

Driver/sales workers and truck drivers.......................................................................................................

Woodworkers.................................................................................................................................................

Cabinetmakers and bench carpenters........................................................................................................

Furniture finishers......................................................................................................................................

Model makers and patternmakers, wood....................................................................................................

Woodworking machine setters, operators, and tenders..............................................................................

Woodworkers, all other..............................................................................................................................

Plant and system operators............................................................................................................................

Jewelers and precious stone and metal workers........................................................................................

Table 1. National employment and wage data from the Occupational Employment and Wage Statistics survey by occupation, May 2020- Continued

Occupation

Mean wages

Employment

Median 

hourly 

wages

Dental and ophthalmic laboratory technicians and medical appliance technicians......................................

Packaging and filling machine operators and tenders................................................................................

Painting workers........................................................................................................................................

Semiconductor processing technicians......................................................................................................

Aircraft pilots and flight engineers..............................................................................................................

Photographic process workers and processing machine operators............................................................

Power plant operators, distributors, and dispatchers..................................................................................

First-line supervisors of transportation and material moving workers.........................................................

Computer numerically controlled tool operators and programmers.............................................................

Transportation and material moving occupations

Miscellaneous production workers.............................................................................................................

Supervisors of transportation and material moving workers............................................................................
Hourly Annual1

Transportation and material moving occupations (Continued)

Heavy and tractor-trailer truck drivers................................................................................................... 1,797,710 $23.42 $48,710 $22.66

Light truck drivers................................................................................................................................. 929,470 19.74 41,050 17.81

762,820 17.93 37,300 16.67

Bus drivers, transit and intercity............................................................................................................ 162,850 23.13 48,110 22.07

Passenger vehicle drivers, except bus drivers, transit and intercity....................................................... 599,980 16.52 34,360 15.54

51,390 19.33 40,200 17.87

114,040 31.42 65,360 30.97

41,690 33.15 68,960 33.58

Locomotive engineers........................................................................................................................... 37,110 33.97 70,660 34.55

Rail yard engineers, dinkey operators, and hostlers.............................................................................. 4,580 26.54 55,200 24.86

14,630 26.87 55,890 27.82

44,920 31.46 65,440 30.78

11,250 31.48 65,480 33.38

1,540 26.28 54,670 23.06

63,020 35.35 73,530 28.48

25,570 26.77 55,680 21.60

29,980 41.76 86,860 35.39

Captains, mates, and pilots of water vessels......................................................................................... 27,590 43.14 89,740 37.08

Motorboat operators............................................................................................................................. 2,380 25.72 53,500 26.88

7,480 38.99 81,110 36.53

330,830 16.81 34,970 13.83

3,080 23.85 49,610 25.16

123,790 13.42 27,910 13.02

112,750 13.53 28,150 12.76

7,430 25.55 53,140 22.98

27,360 39.10 81,320 37.69

22,990 14.62 30,410 13.83

33,430 21.12 43,920 18.17

6,921,900 16.00 33,290 14.77

23,160 18.05 37,540 17.20

44,060 30.77 64,010 28.71

1,750 25.86 53,790 23.66

4,460 30.16 62,730 30.10

640,950 18.85 39,210 18.06

6,021,330 15.40 32,040 14.38

Cleaners of vehicles and equipment..................................................................................................... 341,660 14.14 29,400 13.29

Laborers and freight, stock, and material movers, hand........................................................................ 2,805,200 16.21 33,710 14.96

Machine feeders and offbearers............................................................................................................ 64,240 16.57 34,470 15.87

Packers and packagers, hand............................................................................................................... 599,270 14.07 29,270 13.49

Stockers and order fillers...................................................................................................................... 2,210,960 14.91 31,010 14.03

26,430 27.65 57,500 27.21

Gas compressor and gas pumping station operators............................................................................ 3,800 30.66 63,770 32.62

Pump operators, except wellhead pumpers........................................................................................... 10,580 24.92 51,830 23.12

Wellhead pumpers................................................................................................................................ 12,050 29.09 60,500 29.19

120,850 20.49 42,620 18.80

12,610 24.36 50,670 21.93

26,300 18.16 37,770 15.80

3

 Represents a wage equal to or greater than $100.00 per hour.

4

 Estimate not released.

Refuse and recyclable material collectors...................................................................................................

Other transportation workers..........................................................................................................................

Bridge and lock tenders.............................................................................................................................

Traffic technicians......................................................................................................................................

Transportation inspectors..........................................................................................................................

Passenger attendants................................................................................................................................

Material moving workers.................................................................................................................................

Conveyor operators and tenders................................................................................................................

Hoist and winch operators.........................................................................................................................

Pumping station operators.........................................................................................................................

Laborers and material movers...................................................................................................................

Industrial truck and tractor operators..........................................................................................................

Automotive and watercraft service attendants............................................................................................

Aircraft service attendants and transportation workers, all other................................................................

Crane and tower operators........................................................................................................................

Dredge operators.......................................................................................................................................

Subway and streetcar operators................................................................................................................

1

 Annual wages have been calculated by multiplying the hourly mean wage by a "year-round, full-time" hours figure of 2,080 hours; for those 

occupations where there is not an hourly mean wage published, the annual wage has been directly calculated from the reported survey data.

2

 Wages for some occupations that do not generally work year-round, full time, are reported either as hourly wages or annual salaries depending on 

how they are typically paid.

Mean wages

Employment

Tank car, truck, and ship loaders...............................................................................................................

Material moving workers, all other..............................................................................................................

Ship and boat captains and operators........................................................................................................

Rail transportation workers, all other..........................................................................................................

Parking attendants.....................................................................................................................................

Ship engineers...........................................................................................................................................

Railroad conductors and yardmasters........................................................................................................

Water transportation workers..........................................................................................................................

Sailors and marine oilers...........................................................................................................................

Passenger vehicle drivers..........................................................................................................................

Motor vehicle operators, all other...............................................................................................................

Rail transportation workers.............................................................................................................................

Locomotive engineers and operators.........................................................................................................

Railroad brake, signal, and switch operators and locomotive firers............................................................

Median 

hourly 

wages

Occupation

Table 1. National employment and wage data from the Occupational Employment and Wage Statistics survey by occupation, May 2020- Continued