2

Technical information:

Household data: (202) 691-6378

http://www.bls.gov/cps/

Establishment data: 691-6555

http://www.bls.gov/ces/

Media contact: 691-5902

USDL 04-818

Transmission of material in this release is

embargoed until 8:30 A.M. (EDT),

Friday, May 7, 2004.

THE EMPLOYMENT SITUATION: APRIL 2004

Nonfarm payroll employment increased by 288,000 in April, and the unemployment rate was about

unchanged at 5.6 percent, the Bureau of Labor Statistics of the U.S. Department of Labor reported today.

The April increase in payroll employment follows a gain of 337,000 in March, and job growth again was

widespread. In April, employment rose substantially in several service-providing industries, construction

continued to add jobs, and there was a noteworthy job gain in durable goods manufacturing.

Unemployment (Household Survey Data)

Both the unemployment rate, 5.6 percent, and the number of unemployed persons, 8.2 million, were essentially unchanged in April. The unemployment rate has been either 5.6 or 5.7 percent since last December.

The unemployment rates for the major worker groups—adult men (5.0 percent), adult women (5.0 percent),

teenagers (16.9 percent), whites (4.9 percent), blacks (9.7 percent), and Hispanics or Latinos (7.2 percent)—were little changed over the month. The unemployment rate for Asians was 4.4 percent in April, not

seasonally adjusted. (See tables A-1, A-2, and A-3.)

The number of persons unemployed for 27 weeks or longer declined by 188,000 to 1.8 million in April.

These long-term unemployed persons accounted for 22.1 percent of the total unemployed. (See table A-9.)

Total Employment and the Labor Force (Household Survey Data)

Total employment was 138.6 million in April, and the employment-population ratio—the proportion of the

population age 16 and over with jobs—was about unchanged at 62.2 percent. The civilian labor force held

Percent

124.0

126.0

128.0

130.0

132.0

134.0

136.0

2002 2003 2004

Millions

Chart 2. Nonfarm payroll employment, seasonally adjusted, 

May 2001 – April 2004

3.5

4.0

4.5

5.0

5.5

6.0

6.5

2002 2003 2004

Chart 1. Unemployment rate, seasonally adjusted,

May 2001 – April 2004 Percent

124.0

126.0

128.0

130.0

132.0

134.0

136.0

2002 2003 2004

Millions

Chart 2. Nonfarm payroll employment, seasonally adjusted, 

May 2001 – April 2004

3.5

4.0

4.5

5.0

5.5

6.0

6.5

2002 2003 2004

Chart 1. Unemployment rate, seasonally adjusted,

May 2001 – April 2004
2

Table A. Major indicators of labor market activity, seasonally adjusted

(Numbers in thousands)

Quarterly averages Monthly data Mar.-

Category 2003 2004 1 Apr.

IV I Feb. Mar. Apr. change 

Labor force status

Civilian labor force.................................... 146,986 146,661 146,471 146,650 146,741 91

Employment....................................... 138,369 138,388 138,301 138,298 138,576 278 

Unemployment.................................... 8,616 8,273 8,170 8,352 8,164 -188

Not in labor force.................................... 75,290 75,695 75,886 75,900 76,016 116

All workers........................................... 5.9 5.6 5.6 5.7 5.6 -0.1

Adult men.......................................... 5.5 5.1 5.1 5.2 5.0 -.2

Adult women....................................... 5.1 5.0 4.9 5.1 5.0 -.1

Teenagers.......................................... 16.3 16.6 16.6 16.5 16.9 .4

White .............................................. 5.1 5.0 4.9 5.1 4.9 -.2

Black or African American ..................... 10.7 10.1 9.8 10.2 9.7 -.5

Hispanic or Latino ethnicity..................... 7.1 7.4 7.4 7.4 7.2 -.2

ESTABLISHMENT DATA 

Nonfarm employment................................. 130,002 p130,362 130,277 p130,614 p130,902 p288

Goods-producing 2................................. 21,676 p21,715 21,684 p21,766 p21,808 p42

Construction.................................... 6,766 p6,820 6,791 p6,856 p6,874 p18

Manufacturing................................. 14,340 p14,322 14,321 p14,330 p14,351 p21

Service-providing 2.............................. 108,326 p108,646 108,593 p108,848 p109,094 p246

Retail trade.................................... 14,915 p14,972 14,963 p15,009 p15,033 3 p23 

Professional and business services......... 16,114 p16,206 16,196 p16,250 p16,373 p123

Education and health services............... 16,705 p16,772 16,764 p16,805 p16,836 p31

Leisure and hospitality........................ 12,172 p12,237 12,229 p12,263 p12,299 p36

Government.................................... 21,549 p21,544 21,539 p21,566 p21,574 p8

Total private............................................. 33.7 p33.8 33.8 p33.7 p33.7 p0.0

Manufacturing..................................... 40.6 p41.0 41.0 p40.9 p40.6 p-.3

Overtime....................................... 4.4 p4.6 4.6 p4.6 p4.5 p-.1

 

Total private............................................. 98.7 p99.2 99.2 p99.2 p99.5 p0.3

Average hourly earnings, total private............ $15.45 p$15.52 $15.52 p$15.54 p$15.59 p$0.05

Average weekly earnings, total private............ 520.55 p523.95 524.58 p523.70 p525.38 p1.68

 1 Beginning in January 2004, household data reflect revised population controls used in the Current 

Population Survey.

 2 Includes other industries, not shown separately.

 3 Change calculated based on unrounded data.

 4 Data relate to private production or nonsupervisory workers.

 p=preliminary.

Unemployment rates 

Employment

2004

Earnings 4

Hours of work 4

HOUSEHOLD DATA

Indexes of aggregate weekly hours (2002=100) 4
3

at 146.7 million in April, and the civilian labor force participation rate was 65.9 percent for the third straight

month. (See table A-1.)

Persons Not in the Labor Force (Household Survey Data)

The number of persons who were marginally attached to the labor force was 1.5 million in April, about

the same as a year earlier. (Data are not seasonally adjusted.) These individuals wanted and were available

to work and had looked for a job sometime in the prior 12 months. They were not counted as unemployed,

however, because they did not actively search for work in the 4 weeks preceding the survey. There were

492,000 discouraged workers in April, also about the same as a year earlier. Discouraged workers, a subset of the marginally attached, were not currently looking for work specifically because they believed no jobs

were available for them. The other 1.0 million marginally attached had not searched for work for reasons

such as school or family responsibilities. (See table A-13.)

Industry Payroll Employment (Establishment Survey Data)

Total nonfarm payroll employment increased by 288,000 in April to 130.9 million, seasonally adjusted.

This followed a gain of 337,000 jobs (as revised) in March. Since August 2003, payroll employment has

risen by 1.1 million. Over the month, job growth was widespread, including large gains in several serviceproviding industries, and smaller gains in both construction and manufacturing. (See table B-1.)

In April, employment growth in manufacturing was concentrated in durable goods, which added 20,000

jobs. Most of the gain in durable goods employment occurred in fabricated metal products (10,000) and

machinery (4,000). Since January, manufacturing employment has edged up by 37,000 (as revised). Employment in this industry had declined each month from August 2000 through January 2004.

Construction employment edged higher in April, after a substantial gain in the prior month. Since March

2003, the industry has added 213,000 jobs, bringing construction employment slightly above its most recent

peak in March 2001.

Employment in a number of service-providing industries grew substantially over the month. Professional

and business services employment rose by 123,000 in April. Within this sector, increases occurred in employment services (60,000), services to buildings and dwellings (30,000), management and technical consulting services (8,000), and architectural and engineering services (7,000). Within employment services, temporary help services added 35,000 jobs in April and 261,000 over the year.

Retail trade employment edged up in April, with gains in building material and garden supply stores,

general merchandise stores, and motor vehicle and parts dealers. Over the year, retail trade has added

103,000 jobs, with much of the gain (72,000) occurring in building material and garden supply stores.

Wholesale trade employment was little changed in April, but has risen by 49,000 since October.

Employment increased by 30,000 in health care and social assistance over the month. Since April 2003,

this industry has gained 252,000 jobs. In comparison, the industry added 381,000 jobs from April 2002 to

April 2003. Over the month, employment rose in hospitals and in ambulatory health care services (such as

doctors’ offices and outpatient care centers).

In the leisure and hospitality sector, food services added 34,000 jobs in April. Since December, growth

in food services employment has averaged 28,000 per month, about twice the average monthly gain of 2003.
4

Weekly Hours (Establishment Survey Data)

The average workweek for production or nonsupervisory workers on private nonfarm payrolls was unchanged in April, at 33.7 hours, seasonally adjusted. The manufacturing workweek declined by 0.3 hour to

40.6 hours. Manufacturing overtime edged down over the month to 4.5 hours. (See table B-2.)

The index of aggregate weekly hours of production or nonsupervisory workers on private nonfarm payrolls increased by 0.3 percent in April to 99.5 (2002=100). The manufacturing index was down by 0.5 percent over the month to 93.8. (See table B-5.)

Hourly and Weekly Earnings (Establishment Survey Data)

Average hourly earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers on private nonfarm payrolls increased

by 5 cents in April to $15.59, seasonally adjusted. Average weekly earnings increased by 0.3 percent over

the month to $525.38. Over the year, average hourly earnings grew by 2.2 percent, and average weekly

earnings increased by 2.5 percent. (See table B-3.)

______________________________

The Employment Situation for May 2004 is scheduled to be released on Friday, June 4,

at 8:30 A.M. (EDT).
Explanatory Note

This news release presents statistics from two major surveys, the

Current Population Survey (household survey) and the Current

Employment Statistics survey (establishment survey). The household survey provides the information on the labor force, employment, and unemployment that appears in the A tables, marked

HOUSEHOLD DATA. It is a sample survey of about 60,000 households conducted by the U.S. Census Bureau for the Bureau of Labor

Statistics (BLS).

The establishment survey provides the information on the

employment, hours, and earnings of workers on nonfarm payrolls that

appears in the B tables, marked ESTABLISHMENT DATA. This

information is collected from payroll records by BLS in cooperation

with State agencies. The sample includes about 160,000 businesses

and government agencies covering approximately 400,000 individual

worksites. The active sample includes about one-third of all nonfarm

payroll workers. The sample is drawn from a sampling frame of

unemployment insurance tax accounts.

For both surveys, the data for a given month relate to a particular

week or pay period. In the household survey, the reference week is

generally the calendar week that contains the 12th day of the month. In

the establishment survey, the reference period is the pay period including the 12th, which may or may not correspond directly to the

calendar week.

Coverage, definitions, and differences

between surveys

Household survey. The sample is selected to reflect the entire

civilian noninstitutional population. Based on responses to a series of

questions on work and job search activities, each person 16 years and

over in a sample household is classified as employed, unemployed, or

not in the labor force.

People are classified as employed if they did any work at all as

paid employees during the reference week; worked in their own business, profession, or on their own farm; or worked without pay at least

15 hours in a family business or farm. People are also counted as

employed if they were temporarily absent from their jobs because of

illness, bad weather, vacation, labor-management disputes, or personal

reasons.

People are classified as unemployed if they meet all of the following

criteria: They had no employment during the reference week; they were

available for work at that time; and they made specific efforts to find

employment sometime during the 4-week period ending with the

reference week. Persons laid off from a job and expecting recall need

not be looking for work to be counted as unemployed. The unemployment data derived from the household survey in no way depend upon

the eligibility for or receipt of unemployment insurance benefits.

The civilian labor force is the sum of employed and unemployed

persons. Those not classified as employed or unemployed are not

 in the labor force. The unemployment rate is the number unemployed

as a percent of the labor force. The labor force participation rate is

the labor force as a percent of the population, and the employmentpopulation ratio is the employed as a percent of the population.

Establishment survey. The sample establishments are drawn

from private nonfarm businesses such as factories, offices, and stores,

as well as Federal, State, and local government entities. Employees on

nonfarm payrolls are those who received pay for any part of the reference pay period, including persons on paid leave. Persons are counted

in each job they hold. Hours and earnings data are for private businesses and relate only to production workers in the goods-producing

sector and nonsupervisory workers in the service-providing sector.

Industries are classified on the basis of their principal activity in

accordance with the 2002 version of the North American Industry

Classification System.

Differences in employment estimates. The numerous conceptual and methodological differences between the household and

establishment surveys result in important distinctions in the employment estimates derived from the surveys. Among these are:

• The household survey includes agricultural workers, the self-employed, unpaid family workers, and private household workers among

the employed. These groups are excluded from the establishment survey.

• The household survey includes people on unpaid leave among the

employed. The establishment survey does not.

• The household survey is limited to workers 16 years of age and older.

The establishment survey is not limited by age.

• The household survey has no duplication of individuals, because

individuals are counted only once, even if they hold more than one job.

In the establishment survey, employees working at more than one job

and thus appearing on more than one payroll would be counted separately for each appearance.

Seasonal adjustment

Over the course of a year, the size of the nation’s labor force and the

levels of employment and unemployment undergo sharp fluctuations

due to such seasonal events as changes in weather, reduced or expanded

production, harvests, major holidays, and the opening and closing of

schools. The effect of such seasonal variation can be very large; seasonal fluctuations may account for as much as 95 percent of the monthto-month changes in unemployment.

Because these seasonal events follow a more or less regular pattern

each year, their influence on statistical trends can be eliminated by

adjusting the statistics from month to month. These adjustments make

nonseasonal developments, such as declines in economic activity or

increases in the participation of women in the labor force, easier to

spot. For example, the large number of youth entering the labor force

each June is likely to obscure any other changes that have taken place

relative to May, making it difficult to determine if the level of economic activity has risen or declined. However, because the effect of

students finishing school in previous years is known, the statistics

for the current year can be adjusted to allow for a comparable change.

Insofar as the seasonal adjustment is made correctly, the adjusted figure provides a more useful tool with which to analyze changes in

economic activity.

Most seasonally adjusted series are independently adjusted in both

the household and establishment surveys. However, the ad-
justed series for many major estimates, such as total payroll employment, employment in most supersectors, total employment, and

unemployment are computed by aggregating independently adjusted

component series. For example, total unemployment is derived by

summing the adjusted series for four major age-sex components;

this differs from the unemployment estimate that would be obtained

by directly adjusting the total or by combining the duration, reasons,

or more detailed age categories.

For both the household and establishment surveys, a concurrent

seasonal adjustment methodology is used in which new seasonal

factors are calculated each month, using all relevant data, up to and

including the data for the current month. In the household survey, new

seasonal factors are used to adjust only the current month’s data. In

the establishment survey, however, new seasonal factors are used each

month to adjust the three most recent monthly estimates. In both

surveys, revisions to historical data are made once a year.

Reliability of the estimates

Statistics based on the household and establishment surveys are

subject to both sampling and nonsampling error. When a sample rather

than the entire population is surveyed, there is a chance that the sample

estimates may differ from the “true” population values they represent.

The exact difference, or sampling error, varies depending on the

particular sample selected, and this variability is measured by the

standard error of the estimate. There is about a 90-percent chance, or

level of confidence, that an estimate based on a sample will differ by no

more than 1.6 standard errors from the “true” population value because

of sampling error. BLS analyses are generally conducted at the 90-

percent level of confidence.

For example, the confidence interval for the monthly change in total

employment from the household survey is on the order of plus or

minus 290,000. Suppose the estimate of total employment increases

by 100,000 from one month to the next. The 90-percent confidence

interval on the monthly change would range from -190,000 to 390,000

(100,000 +/- 290,000). These figures do not mean that the sample

results are off by these magnitudes, but rather that there is about a

90-percent chance that the “true” over-the-month change lies within

this interval. Since this range includes values of less than zero, we

could not say with confidence that employment had, in fact, increased.

If, however, the reported employment rise was half a million, then

all of the values within the 90-percent confidence interval would be

greater than zero. In this case, it is likely (at least a 90-percent chance)

that an employment rise had, in fact, occurred. At an unemployment

rate of around 4 percent, the 90-percent confidence interval for the

monthly change in unemployment is about +/- 270,000, and for the

monthly change in the unemployment rate it is about +/- .19 percentage

point.

In general, estimates involving many individuals or establishments

have lower standard errors (relative to the size of the estimate) than

estimates which are based on a small number of observations. The

precision of estimates is also improved when the data are cumulated

over time such as for quarterly and annual averages. The seasonal

adjustment process can also improve the stability of the monthly

estimates.

The household and establishment surveys are also affected by

nonsampling error. Nonsampling errors can occur for many reasons,

including the failure to sample a segment of the population, inability to

obtain information for all respondents in the sample, inability or

unwillingness of respondents to provide correct information on a

timely basis, mistakes made by respondents, and errors made in the

collection or processing of the data.

For example, in the establishment survey, estimates for the most

recent 2 months are based on substantially incomplete returns; for this

reason, these estimates are labeled preliminary in the tables. It is only

after two successive revisions to a monthly estimate, when nearly all

sample reports have been received, that the estimate is considered final.

Another major source of nonsampling error in the establishment

survey is the inability to capture, on a timely basis, employment

generated by new firms. To correct for this systematic underestimation

of employment growth, an estimation procedure with two components

is used to account for business births. The first component uses business

deaths to impute employment for business births. This is incorporated

into the sample-based link relative estimate procedure by simply not

reflecting sample units going out of business, but imputing to them the

same trend as the other firms in the sample. The second component is

an ARIMA time series model designed to estimate the residual net birth/

death employment not accounted for by the imputation. The historical

time series used to create and test the ARIMA model was derived from

the unemployment insurance universe micro-level database, and reflects

the actual residual net of births and deaths over the past five years.

The sample-based estimates from the establishment survey are

adjusted once a year (on a lagged basis) to universe counts of payroll

employment obtained from administrative records of the unemployment insurance program. The difference between the March samplebased employment estimates and the March universe counts is known

as a benchmark revision, and serves as a rough proxy for total survey

error. The new benchmarks also incorporate changes in the classification of industries. Over the past decade, the benchmark revision for

total nonfarm employment has averaged 0.3 percent, ranging from

zero to 0.7 percent.

Additional statistics and other information

More comprehensive statistics are contained in Employment and

Earnings, published each month by BLS. It is available for $27.00 per

issue or $53.00 per year from the U.S. Government Printing Office,

Washington, DC 20402. All orders must be prepaid by sending a check

or money order payable to the Superintendent of Documents, or by

charging to Mastercard or Visa.

Employment and Earnings also provides measures of sampling error

for the household and establishment survey data published in this

release. For unemployment and other labor force categories, these

measures appear in tables 1-B through 1-D of its “Explanatory Notes.”

For the establishment survey data, the sampling error measures and the

actual size of revisions due to benchmark adjustments appear in tables

2-B through 2-F of Employment and Earnings.

Information in this release will be made available to sensory impaired individuals upon request. Voice phone: 202-691-5200; TDD

message referral phone: 1-800-877-8339.
HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-1. Employment status of the civilian population by sex and age

(Numbers in thousands)

Employment status, sex, and age

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted 1

Apr.

2003

Mar.

2004

Apr.

2004

Apr.

2003

Dec.

2003

Jan.

2004

Feb.

2004

Mar.

2004

Apr.

2004 

TOTAL

Civilian noninstitutional population ........................................... 220,540 222,550 222,757 220,540 222,509 222,161 222,357 222,550 222,757

 Civilian labor force .................................................................. 145,925 146,525 146,260 146,377 146,878 146,863 146,471 146,650 146,741

 Participation rate ............................................................... 66.2 65.8 65.7 66.4 66.0 66.1 65.9 65.9 65.9

 Employed .............................................................................. 137,424 137,691 138,423 137,578 138,479 138,566 138,301 138,298 138,576

 Employment-population ratio ............................................ 62.3 61.9 62.1 62.4 62.2 62.4 62.2 62.1 62.2

 Unemployed ......................................................................... 8,501 8,834 7,837 8,799 8,398 8,297 8,170 8,352 8,164

 Unemployment rate .......................................................... 5.8 6.0 5.4 6.0 5.7 5.6 5.6 5.7 5.6

 Not in labor force .................................................................... 74,615 76,025 76,497 74,163 75,631 75,298 75,886 75,900 76,016

 Persons who currently want a job ......................................... 4,373 4,667 4,598 4,462 4,714 4,747 4,746 4,843 4,744

Men, 16 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population ........................................... 106,123 107,281 107,392 106,123 107,123 107,072 107,177 107,281 107,392

 Civilian labor force .................................................................. 77,796 78,283 78,147 78,095 78,661 78,823 78,337 78,542 78,501

 Participation rate ............................................................... 73.3 73.0 72.8 73.6 73.4 73.6 73.1 73.2 73.1

 Employed .............................................................................. 72,905 73,244 73,774 73,150 74,085 74,343 73,901 74,006 74,053

 Employment-population ratio ............................................ 68.7 68.3 68.7 68.9 69.2 69.4 69.0 69.0 69.0

 Unemployed ......................................................................... 4,891 5,039 4,373 4,945 4,576 4,480 4,436 4,536 4,448

 Unemployment rate .......................................................... 6.3 6.4 5.6 6.3 5.8 5.7 5.7 5.8 5.7

 Not in labor force .................................................................... 28,327 28,998 29,244 28,028 28,462 28,249 28,840 28,739 28,891

Men, 20 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population ........................................... 97,979 99,065 99,170 97,979 98,927 98,866 98,966 99,065 99,170

 Civilian labor force .................................................................. 74,504 74,991 74,806 74,510 75,044 75,171 74,797 75,018 74,871

 Participation rate ............................................................... 76.0 75.7 75.4 76.0 75.9 76.0 75.6 75.7 75.5

 Employed .............................................................................. 70,259 70,586 71,060 70,290 71,099 71,329 70,969 71,128 71,118

 Employment-population ratio ............................................ 71.7 71.3 71.7 71.7 71.9 72.1 71.7 71.8 71.7

 Unemployed ......................................................................... 4,245 4,405 3,746 4,220 3,945 3,842 3,828 3,890 3,753

 Unemployment rate .......................................................... 5.7 5.9 5.0 5.7 5.3 5.1 5.1 5.2 5.0

 Not in labor force .................................................................... 23,475 24,074 24,364 23,469 23,882 23,694 24,168 24,047 24,299

Women, 16 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population ........................................... 114,417 115,269 115,365 114,417 115,386 115,089 115,180 115,269 115,365

 Civilian labor force .................................................................. 68,130 68,241 68,112 68,282 68,217 68,040 68,134 68,108 68,240

 Participation rate ............................................................... 59.5 59.2 59.0 59.7 59.1 59.1 59.2 59.1 59.2

 Employed .............................................................................. 64,519 64,447 64,649 64,427 64,394 64,223 64,400 64,292 64,523

 Employment-population ratio ............................................ 56.4 55.9 56.0 56.3 55.8 55.8 55.9 55.8 55.9

 Unemployed ......................................................................... 3,610 3,794 3,464 3,854 3,823 3,817 3,734 3,816 3,717

 Unemployment rate .......................................................... 5.3 5.6 5.1 5.6 5.6 5.6 5.5 5.6 5.4

 Not in labor force .................................................................... 46,288 47,028 47,253 46,135 47,169 47,050 47,046 47,161 47,126

Women, 20 years and over

Civilian noninstitutional population ........................................... 106,510 107,299 107,389 106,510 107,404 107,131 107,216 107,299 107,389

 Civilian labor force .................................................................. 64,696 65,036 64,853 64,632 64,846 64,515 64,629 64,687 64,785

 Participation rate ............................................................... 60.7 60.6 60.4 60.7 60.4 60.2 60.3 60.3 60.3

 Employed .............................................................................. 61,595 61,703 61,841 61,343 61,521 61,260 61,456 61,373 61,571

 Employment-population ratio ............................................ 57.8 57.5 57.6 57.6 57.3 57.2 57.3 57.2 57.3

 Unemployed ......................................................................... 3,101 3,333 3,012 3,289 3,326 3,255 3,172 3,314 3,215

 Unemployment rate .......................................................... 4.8 5.1 4.6 5.1 5.1 5.0 4.9 5.1 5.0

 Not in labor force .................................................................... 41,814 42,264 42,536 41,878 42,558 42,617 42,587 42,613 42,604

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

Civilian noninstitutional population ........................................... 16,051 16,186 16,198 16,051 16,178 16,164 16,175 16,186 16,198

 Civilian labor force .................................................................. 6,726 6,498 6,600 7,235 6,987 7,177 7,045 6,945 7,085

 Participation rate ............................................................... 41.9 40.1 40.7 45.1 43.2 44.4 43.6 42.9 43.7

 Employed .............................................................................. 5,570 5,402 5,522 5,945 5,859 5,977 5,875 5,797 5,888

 Employment-population ratio ............................................ 34.7 33.4 34.1 37.0 36.2 37.0 36.3 35.8 36.3

 Unemployed ......................................................................... 1,155 1,096 1,078 1,290 1,128 1,200 1,170 1,148 1,197

 Unemployment rate .......................................................... 17.2 16.9 16.3 17.8 16.1 16.7 16.6 16.5 16.9

 Not in labor force .................................................................... 9,325 9,688 9,597 8,816 9,191 8,987 9,130 9,240 9,113

1 The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns.

 NOTE: Beginning in January 2004, data reflect revised population controls used in the household survey.
HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-2. Employment status of the civilian population by race, sex, and age

(Numbers in thousands)

Employment status, race, sex, and age

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted 1

Apr.

2003

Mar.

2004

Apr.

2004

Apr.

2003

Dec.

2003

Jan.

2004

Feb.

2004

Mar.

2004

Apr.

2004 

WHITE 

Civilian noninstitutional population ........................................... 180,873 182,121 182,252 180,873 182,185 181,879 182,001 182,121 182,252

 Civilian labor force .................................................................. 120,195 120,455 120,317 120,514 120,751 120,723 120,540 120,542 120,675

 Participation rate ................................................................. 66.5 66.1 66.0 66.6 66.3 66.4 66.2 66.2 66.2

 Employed .............................................................................. 114,057 113,921 114,557 114,220 114,678 114,765 114,602 114,433 114,712

 Employment-population ratio .............................................. 63.1 62.6 62.9 63.1 62.9 63.1 63.0 62.8 62.9

 Unemployed ......................................................................... 6,138 6,533 5,760 6,294 6,073 5,958 5,938 6,109 5,963

 Unemployment rate ............................................................ 5.1 5.4 4.8 5.2 5.0 4.9 4.9 5.1 4.9

 Not in labor force .................................................................... 60,679 61,666 61,935 60,359 61,434 61,156 61,460 61,579 61,577

Men, 20 years and over

 Civilian labor force .................................................................. 62,432 62,622 62,620 62,438 62,752 62,799 62,603 62,672 62,660

 Participation rate ................................................................. 76.5 76.1 76.0 76.5 76.2 76.4 76.1 76.1 76.0

 Employed .............................................................................. 59,263 59,245 59,787 59,296 59,794 59,969 59,763 59,736 59,831

 Employment-population ratio .............................................. 72.6 72.0 72.6 72.6 72.6 73.0 72.6 72.6 72.6

 Unemployed ......................................................................... 3,168 3,377 2,833 3,141 2,957 2,830 2,840 2,936 2,829

 Unemployment rate ............................................................ 5.1 5.4 4.5 5.0 4.7 4.5 4.5 4.7 4.5

Women, 20 years and over

 Civilian labor force .................................................................. 52,151 52,388 52,097 52,080 52,199 51,954 51,993 52,016 52,035

 Participation rate ................................................................. 60.1 60.1 59.7 60.1 59.8 59.6 59.7 59.6 59.6

 Employed .............................................................................. 50,013 50,053 50,020 49,845 49,941 49,668 49,797 49,710 49,839

 Employment-population ratio .............................................. 57.7 57.4 57.3 57.5 57.2 57.0 57.1 57.0 57.1

 Unemployed ......................................................................... 2,137 2,335 2,077 2,235 2,258 2,286 2,197 2,306 2,196

 Unemployment rate ............................................................ 4.1 4.5 4.0 4.3 4.3 4.4 4.2 4.4 4.2

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

 Civilian labor force .................................................................. 5,612 5,445 5,600 5,997 5,800 5,970 5,944 5,854 5,981

 Participation rate ................................................................. 44.9 43.3 44.5 48.0 46.1 47.5 47.3 46.5 47.5

 Employed .............................................................................. 4,780 4,623 4,749 5,079 4,942 5,128 5,042 4,987 5,042

 Employment-population ratio .............................................. 38.2 36.7 37.7 40.6 39.3 40.8 40.1 39.6 40.0

 Unemployed ......................................................................... 832 822 851 918 857 842 902 867 939

 Unemployment rate ............................................................ 14.8 15.1 15.2 15.3 14.8 14.1 15.2 14.8 15.7

BLACK OR AFRICAN AMERICAN 

Civilian noninstitutional population ........................................... 25,587 25,932 25,967 25,587 25,894 25,867 25,900 25,932 25,967

 Civilian labor force .................................................................. 16,417 16,531 16,374 16,521 16,365 16,602 16,404 16,595 16,485

 Participation rate ................................................................. 64.2 63.7 63.1 64.6 63.2 64.2 63.3 64.0 63.5

 Employed .............................................................................. 14,726 14,793 14,856 14,739 14,679 14,866 14,804 14,909 14,878

 Employment-population ratio .............................................. 57.6 57.0 57.2 57.6 56.7 57.5 57.2 57.5 57.3

 Unemployed ......................................................................... 1,691 1,738 1,518 1,782 1,686 1,736 1,600 1,686 1,607

 Unemployment rate ............................................................ 10.3 10.5 9.3 10.8 10.3 10.5 9.8 10.2 9.7

 Not in labor force .................................................................... 9,169 9,402 9,593 9,066 9,529 9,265 9,495 9,337 9,482

Men, 20 years and over

 Civilian labor force .................................................................. 7,279 7,357 7,256 7,304 7,382 7,450 7,305 7,367 7,302

 Participation rate ................................................................. 71.1 70.7 69.7 71.4 71.2 71.8 70.3 70.8 70.1

 Employed .............................................................................. 6,538 6,620 6,602 6,546 6,695 6,737 6,620 6,689 6,626

 Employment-population ratio .............................................. 63.9 63.7 63.4 63.9 64.6 65.0 63.7 64.3 63.6

 Unemployed ......................................................................... 740 737 654 759 687 713 684 678 676

 Unemployment rate ............................................................ 10.2 10.0 9.0 10.4 9.3 9.6 9.4 9.2 9.3

Women, 20 years and over

 Civilian labor force .................................................................. 8,432 8,491 8,512 8,430 8,276 8,358 8,418 8,492 8,502

 Participation rate ................................................................. 65.0 64.7 64.8 65.0 63.1 63.8 64.2 64.7 64.7

 Employed .............................................................................. 7,700 7,702 7,809 7,666 7,471 7,595 7,674 7,700 7,763

 Employment-population ratio .............................................. 59.3 58.7 59.4 59.1 56.9 58.0 58.5 58.7 59.1

 Unemployed ......................................................................... 732 789 703 765 805 762 745 792 739

 Unemployment rate ............................................................ 8.7 9.3 8.3 9.1 9.7 9.1 8.8 9.3 8.7

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

 Civilian labor force .................................................................. 707 683 606 786 707 794 682 737 681

 Participation rate ................................................................. 29.8 28.3 25.1 33.1 29.4 33.1 28.3 30.6 28.2

 Employed .............................................................................. 488 471 445 527 514 533 510 521 489

 Employment-population ratio .............................................. 20.6 19.6 18.4 22.2 21.4 22.2 21.2 21.6 20.3

 Unemployed ......................................................................... 219 212 161 259 193 261 171 217 193

 Unemployment rate ............................................................ 30.9 31.0 26.6 32.9 27.3 32.9 25.1 29.4 28.3

ASIAN 

Civilian noninstutional population ............................................. 9,086 9,395 9,444 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

 Civilian labor force .................................................................. 6,029 6,235 6,230 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

 Participation rate ................................................................. 66.4 66.4 66.0 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

 Employed .............................................................................. 5,681 5,971 5,956 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

 Employment-population ratio .............................................. 62.5 63.6 63.1 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

 Unemployed ......................................................................... 348 264 274 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

 Unemployment rate ............................................................ 5.8 4.2 4.4 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

 Not in labor force .................................................................... 3,057 3,160 3,214 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

1 The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical

numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns. 2 Data not available.

 NOTE: Estimates for the above race groups will not sum to totals shown in table A-1

because data are not presented for all races. Beginning in January 2004, data reflect

revised population controls used in the household survey.
HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-3. Employment status of the Hispanic or Latino population by sex and age

(Numbers in thousands)

Employment status, sex, and age

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted 1

Apr.

2003

Mar.

2004

Apr.

2004

Apr.

2003

Dec.

2003

Jan.

2004

Feb.

2004

Mar.

2004

Apr.

2004 

HISPANIC OR LATINO ETHNICITY

Civilian noninstitutional population ........................................... 27,291 27,791 27,879 27,291 28,116 27,619 27,705 27,791 27,879

 Civilian labor force .................................................................. 18,794 19,053 19,080 18,779 19,035 18,811 18,693 19,010 19,064

 Participation rate ................................................................. 68.9 68.6 68.4 68.8 67.7 68.1 67.5 68.4 68.4

 Employed .............................................................................. 17,443 17,534 17,798 17,350 17,784 17,441 17,303 17,596 17,693

 Employment-population ratio .............................................. 63.9 63.1 63.8 63.6 63.3 63.2 62.5 63.3 63.5

 Unemployed ......................................................................... 1,351 1,519 1,283 1,428 1,250 1,370 1,389 1,414 1,371

 Unemployment rate ............................................................ 7.2 8.0 6.7 7.6 6.6 7.3 7.4 7.4 7.2

 Not in labor force .................................................................... 8,497 8,738 8,798 8,512 9,082 8,807 9,012 8,781 8,815

Men, 20 years and over

 Civilian labor force .................................................................. 10,786 10,857 10,963 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

 Participation rate ................................................................. 85.1 84.0 84.5 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

 Employed .............................................................................. 10,085 10,125 10,304 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

 Employment-population ratio .............................................. 79.6 78.4 79.5 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

 Unemployed ......................................................................... 701 732 658 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

 Unemployment rate ............................................................ 6.5 6.7 6.0 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

Women, 20 years and over

 Civilian labor force .................................................................. 7,092 7,261 7,242 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

 Participation rate ................................................................. 58.6 59.1 58.8 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

 Employed .............................................................................. 6,591 6,689 6,780 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

 Employment-population ratio .............................................. 54.5 54.5 55.0 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

 Unemployed ......................................................................... 500 572 462 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

 Unemployment rate ............................................................ 7.1 7.9 6.4 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

Both sexes, 16 to 19 years

 Civilian labor force .................................................................. 917 935 876 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

 Participation rate ................................................................. 36.3 36.2 33.8 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

 Employed .............................................................................. 767 720 714 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

 Employment-population ratio .............................................. 30.4 27.8 27.5 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

 Unemployed ......................................................................... 150 215 162 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

 Unemployment rate ............................................................ 16.4 23.0 18.5 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( )

1 The population figures are not adjusted for seasonal variation; therefore, identical

numbers appear in the unadjusted and seasonally adjusted columns. 2 Data not available.

 NOTE: Persons whose ethnicity is identified as Hispanic or Latino may be of any race. 

Beginning in January 2004, data reflect revised population controls used in the household

survey.

Table A-4. Employment status of the civilian population 25 years and over by educational attainment

(Numbers in thousands)

Educational attainment

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

Apr.

2003

Mar.

2004

Apr.

2004

Apr.

2003

Dec.

2003

Jan.

2004

Feb.

2004

Mar.

2004

Apr.

2004 

Less than a high school diploma

Civilian labor force .................................................................... 13,005 12,397 12,258 12,665 12,712 12,356 12,526 12,390 12,019

 Participation rate ................................................................... 45.5 45.1 45.1 44.3 44.9 44.3 45.4 45.1 44.2

 Employed ................................................................................ 11,974 11,155 11,271 11,594 11,678 11,271 11,455 11,302 10,977

 Employment-population ratio ................................................ 41.9 40.6 41.5 40.5 41.2 40.4 41.5 41.1 40.4

 Unemployed ........................................................................... 1,031 1,242 987 1,072 1,034 1,085 1,071 1,088 1,042

 Unemployment rate .............................................................. 7.9 10.0 8.1 8.5 8.1 8.8 8.5 8.8 8.7

High school graduates, no college 1

Civilian labor force .................................................................... 37,913 37,778 37,627 37,960 37,958 37,662 37,898 37,749 37,724

 Participation rate ................................................................... 64.1 63.3 62.6 64.1 63.5 63.0 63.3 63.2 62.8

 Employed ................................................................................ 35,763 35,576 35,651 35,800 35,868 35,829 35,998 35,765 35,745

 Employment-population ratio ................................................ 60.4 59.6 59.3 60.5 60.0 59.9 60.1 59.9 59.5

 Unemployed ........................................................................... 2,150 2,202 1,976 2,160 2,090 1,832 1,900 1,984 1,979

 Unemployment rate .............................................................. 5.7 5.8 5.3 5.7 5.5 4.9 5.0 5.3 5.2

Some college or associate degree

Civilian labor force .................................................................... 33,910 34,475 34,446 34,200 33,932 33,810 34,026 34,354 34,580

 Participation rate ................................................................... 73.1 73.0 72.8 73.7 72.2 72.5 72.1 72.8 73.0

 Employed ................................................................................ 32,304 32,794 33,051 32,583 32,400 32,276 32,536 32,726 33,152

 Employment-population ratio ................................................ 69.6 69.5 69.8 70.2 69.0 69.2 68.9 69.3 70.0

 Unemployed ........................................................................... 1,606 1,681 1,394 1,617 1,532 1,535 1,489 1,628 1,428

 Unemployment rate .............................................................. 4.7 4.9 4.0 4.7 4.5 4.5 4.4 4.7 4.1

Bachelor’s degree and higher 2

Civilian labor force .................................................................... 39,652 40,535 40,359 39,422 40,515 40,450 39,917 40,371 40,185

 Participation rate ................................................................... 78.5 78.2 78.0 78.0 79.0 78.4 77.7 77.9 77.6

 Employed ................................................................................ 38,511 39,414 39,265 38,198 39,291 39,277 38,748 39,197 39,006

 Employment-population ratio ................................................ 76.2 76.1 75.8 75.6 76.6 76.1 75.5 75.6 75.3

 Unemployed ........................................................................... 1,142 1,120 1,094 1,224 1,224 1,173 1,169 1,174 1,179

 Unemployment rate .............................................................. 2.9 2.8 2.7 3.1 3.0 2.9 2.9 2.9 2.9

1 Includes persons with a high school diploma or equivalent. 2 Includes persons with bachelor’s, master’s, professional, and doctoral degrees. 

 NOTE: Beginning in January 2004, data reflect revised population controls used in the

household survey.
HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-5. Employed persons by class of worker and part-time status

(In thousands)

Category

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

Apr.

2003

Mar.

2004

Apr.

2004

Apr.

2003

Dec.

2003

Jan.

2004

Feb.

2004

Mar.

2004

Apr.

2004 

CLASS OF WORKER

Agriculture and related industries ............................................. 2,129 2,025 2,220 2,162 2,245 2,163 2,190 2,161 2,245

 Wage and salary workers ....................................................... 1,182 1,125 1,252 1,203 1,294 1,220 1,246 1,234 1,268

 Self-employed workers ........................................................... 933 880 944 925 919 929 912 896 934

 Unpaid family workers ............................................................ 15 20 24 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( )

Nonagricultural industries ......................................................... 135,295 135,666 136,203 135,486 136,180 136,306 136,166 136,122 136,384

 Wage and salary workers ....................................................... 126,031 126,595 126,989 126,180 126,661 126,664 126,572 126,811 127,094

 Government .......................................................................... 19,760 20,137 20,117 19,589 19,694 19,681 19,497 19,936 19,917

 Private industries .................................................................. 106,271 106,458 106,872 106,599 107,110 107,019 107,008 106,833 107,142

 Private households ............................................................. 715 767 727 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( )

 Other industries .................................................................. 105,556 105,691 106,145 105,853 106,382 106,204 106,173 106,035 106,377

 Self-employed workers ........................................................... 9,161 8,955 9,139 9,184 9,477 9,501 9,498 9,210 9,228

 Unpaid family workers ............................................................ 103 116 75 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( )

PERSONS AT WORK PART TIME 2

All industries:

 Part time for economic reasons .............................................. 4,609 4,868 4,411 4,758 4,788 4,714 4,437 4,733 4,574

 Slack work or business conditions ........................................ 3,119 3,163 2,745 3,172 3,205 2,996 2,865 3,011 2,819

 Could only find part-time work .............................................. 1,233 1,430 1,429 1,255 1,295 1,380 1,347 1,427 1,439

 Part time for noneconomic reasons ........................................ 19,785 19,616 19,568 18,933 18,561 18,905 18,900 19,006 19,000

Nonagricultural industries:

 Part time for economic reasons .............................................. 4,518 4,750 4,325 4,643 4,727 4,613 4,328 4,622 4,471

 Slack work or business conditions ........................................ 3,055 3,081 2,687 3,098 3,144 2,911 2,778 2,927 2,756

 Could only find part-time work .............................................. 1,224 1,423 1,419 1,249 1,279 1,399 1,340 1,414 1,431

 Part time for noneconomic reasons ........................................ 19,431 19,276 19,263 18,571 18,367 18,636 18,691 18,693 18,664

1 Data not available. 2 Persons at work excludes employed persons who were absent from their jobs during

the entire reference week for reasons such as vacation, illness, or industrial dispute. Part

time for noneconomic reasons excludes persons who usually work full time but worked

only 1 to 34 hours during the reference week for reasons such as holidays, illness, and

bad weather.

 NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily

add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. 

Beginning in January 2004, data reflect revised population controls used in the household

survey.
HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-6. Selected employment indicators

(In thousands)

Characteristic

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

Apr.

2003

Mar.

2004

Apr.

2004

Apr.

2003

Dec.

2003

Jan.

2004

Feb.

2004

Mar.

2004

Apr.

2004 

Total, 16 years and over ........................................................... 137,424 137,691 138,423 137,578 138,479 138,566 138,301 138,298 138,576

 16 to 19 years ......................................................................... 5,570 5,402 5,522 5,945 5,859 5,977 5,875 5,797 5,888

 16 to 17 years ....................................................................... 2,087 1,944 2,032 2,310 2,292 2,367 2,330 2,191 2,256

 18 to 19 years ....................................................................... 3,484 3,459 3,490 3,633 3,562 3,605 3,573 3,590 3,634

 20 years and over ................................................................... 131,854 132,289 132,901 131,633 132,620 132,589 132,426 132,501 132,689

 20 to 24 years ....................................................................... 13,302 13,350 13,662 13,431 13,413 13,609 13,582 13,602 13,767

 25 years and over ................................................................. 118,552 118,939 119,239 118,212 119,168 118,930 118,869 118,832 118,886

 25 to 54 years ..................................................................... 97,483 96,855 97,387 97,230 97,436 97,161 96,982 96,871 97,124

 25 to 34 years ................................................................... 30,530 30,163 30,376 30,494 30,340 30,326 30,178 30,260 30,316

 35 to 44 years ................................................................... 35,143 34,460 34,606 34,955 34,819 34,506 34,486 34,425 34,421

 45 to 54 years ................................................................... 31,810 32,232 32,406 31,781 32,277 32,328 32,319 32,186 32,388

 55 years and over ............................................................... 21,068 22,084 21,851 20,982 21,732 21,769 21,886 21,961 21,762

Men, 16 years and over ............................................................ 72,905 73,244 73,774 73,150 74,085 74,343 73,901 74,006 74,053

 16 to 19 years ......................................................................... 2,646 2,658 2,714 2,860 2,986 3,014 2,931 2,878 2,935

 16 to 17 years ....................................................................... 952 871 925 1,064 1,153 1,157 1,105 999 1,044

 18 to 19 years ....................................................................... 1,694 1,787 1,789 1,790 1,817 1,862 1,850 1,858 1,886

 20 years and over ................................................................... 70,259 70,586 71,060 70,290 71,099 71,329 70,969 71,128 71,118

 20 to 24 years ....................................................................... 7,022 7,027 7,171 7,101 7,048 7,198 7,155 7,202 7,235

 25 years and over ................................................................. 63,237 63,559 63,889 63,205 64,061 64,167 63,903 63,879 63,839

 25 to 54 years ..................................................................... 51,994 51,795 52,288 51,997 52,441 52,416 52,179 52,107 52,283

 25 to 34 years ................................................................... 16,722 16,522 16,693 16,714 16,740 16,773 16,608 16,693 16,685

 35 to 44 years ................................................................... 18,763 18,529 18,680 18,737 18,857 18,712 18,683 18,632 18,656

 45 to 54 years ................................................................... 16,510 16,743 16,915 16,546 16,843 16,931 16,889 16,781 16,942

 55 years and over ............................................................... 11,242 11,764 11,601 11,208 11,620 11,751 11,724 11,772 11,556

Women, 16 years and over ...................................................... 64,519 64,447 64,649 64,427 64,394 64,223 64,400 64,292 64,523

 16 to 19 years ......................................................................... 2,924 2,744 2,808 3,084 2,873 2,963 2,944 2,919 2,952

 16 to 17 years ....................................................................... 1,135 1,073 1,106 1,246 1,139 1,210 1,225 1,192 1,212

 18 to 19 years ....................................................................... 1,789 1,671 1,701 1,843 1,745 1,743 1,723 1,732 1,747

 20 years and over ................................................................... 61,595 61,703 61,841 61,343 61,521 61,260 61,456 61,373 61,571

 20 to 24 years ....................................................................... 6,280 6,322 6,491 6,329 6,365 6,411 6,427 6,400 6,532

 25 years and over ................................................................. 55,315 55,380 55,350 55,007 55,107 54,763 54,966 54,953 55,047

 25 to 54 years ..................................................................... 45,489 45,061 45,100 45,233 44,996 44,745 44,803 44,764 44,841

 25 to 34 years ................................................................... 13,808 13,641 13,682 13,780 13,599 13,554 13,570 13,566 13,631

 35 to 44 years ................................................................... 16,381 15,931 15,926 16,218 15,962 15,794 15,803 15,793 15,765

 45 to 54 years ................................................................... 15,300 15,488 15,492 15,234 15,434 15,397 15,430 15,405 15,446

 55 years and over ............................................................... 9,826 10,320 10,250 9,774 10,112 10,018 10,162 10,189 10,205

Married men, spouse present ................................................... 44,486 44,793 44,637 44,525 45,431 45,490 45,128 45,043 44,735

Married women, spouse present .............................................. 34,817 34,533 34,488 34,634 35,034 34,585 34,502 34,256 34,339

Women who maintain families .................................................. 8,590 8,768 8,765 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( )

Full-time workers 2 ................................................................... 112,470 112,756 113,386 113,155 114,597 113,976 114,037 113,951 114,094

Part-time workers 3 ................................................................... 24,955 24,935 25,037 24,345 24,023 24,306 24,081 24,273 24,397

1 Data not available. 2 Employed full-time workers are persons who usually work 35 hours or more per

week. 3 Employed part-time workers are persons who usually work less than 35 hours per

week.

 NOTE: Detail for the seasonally adjusted data shown in this table will not necessarily

add to totals because of the independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. 

Beginning in January 2004, data reflect revised population controls used in the household

survey.
HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-7. Selected unemployment indicators, seasonally adjusted

Characteristic

Number of

unemployed persons

(in thousands)

Unemployment rates 1

Apr.

2003

Mar.

2004

Apr.

2004

Apr.

2003

Dec.

2003

Jan.

2004

Feb.

2004

Mar.

2004

Apr.

2004 

Total, 16 years and over ........................................................... 8,799 8,352 8,164 6.0 5.7 5.6 5.6 5.7 5.6

 16 to 19 years ......................................................................... 1,290 1,148 1,197 17.8 16.1 16.7 16.6 16.5 16.9

 16 to 17 years ....................................................................... 539 529 573 18.9 18.3 18.2 17.6 19.4 20.2

 18 to 19 years ....................................................................... 760 608 624 17.3 14.7 15.7 15.7 14.5 14.7

 20 years and over ................................................................... 7,509 7,204 6,967 5.4 5.2 5.1 5.0 5.2 5.0

 20 to 24 years ....................................................................... 1,496 1,437 1,392 10.0 9.6 9.8 9.5 9.6 9.2

 25 years and over ................................................................. 6,043 5,758 5,578 4.9 4.7 4.5 4.5 4.6 4.5

 25 to 54 years ..................................................................... 5,066 4,953 4,679 5.0 4.9 4.7 4.7 4.9 4.6

 25 to 34 years ................................................................... 1,903 1,895 1,760 5.9 6.0 5.7 5.6 5.9 5.5

 35 to 44 years ................................................................... 1,771 1,712 1,597 4.8 4.8 4.5 4.5 4.7 4.4

 45 to 54 years ................................................................... 1,391 1,346 1,321 4.2 4.0 4.0 3.9 4.0 3.9

 55 years and over ............................................................... 908 859 851 4.1 3.9 3.7 3.8 3.8 3.8

Men, 16 years and over ............................................................ 4,945 4,536 4,448 6.3 5.8 5.7 5.7 5.8 5.7

 16 to 19 years ......................................................................... 725 646 695 20.2 17.4 17.5 17.2 18.3 19.1

 16 to 17 years ....................................................................... 287 287 319 21.3 18.4 19.3 19.4 22.3 23.4

 18 to 19 years ....................................................................... 436 349 373 19.6 16.9 16.2 15.7 15.8 16.5

 20 years and over ................................................................... 4,220 3,890 3,753 5.7 5.3 5.1 5.1 5.2 5.0

 20 to 24 years ....................................................................... 850 809 800 10.7 10.4 10.5 10.0 10.1 10.0

 25 years and over ................................................................. 3,372 3,100 2,947 5.1 4.7 4.5 4.5 4.6 4.4

 25 to 54 years ..................................................................... 2,837 2,632 2,477 5.2 4.9 4.7 4.7 4.8 4.5

 25 to 34 years ................................................................... 1,050 1,048 980 5.9 5.9 5.6 6.0 5.9 5.5

 35 to 44 years ................................................................... 1,004 904 817 5.1 4.6 4.4 4.5 4.6 4.2

 45 to 54 years ................................................................... 783 680 680 4.5 4.1 4.0 3.8 3.9 3.9

 55 years and over ............................................................... 535 468 470 4.6 4.0 3.6 3.7 3.8 3.9

Women, 16 years and over ...................................................... 3,854 3,816 3,717 5.6 5.6 5.6 5.5 5.6 5.4

 16 to 19 years ......................................................................... 565 502 502 15.5 14.7 15.9 16.0 14.7 14.5

 16 to 17 years ....................................................................... 252 242 254 16.8 18.2 17.1 15.9 16.9 17.3

 18 to 19 years ....................................................................... 324 259 251 14.9 12.2 15.2 15.6 13.0 12.6

 20 years and over ................................................................... 3,289 3,314 3,215 5.1 5.1 5.0 4.9 5.1 5.0

 20 to 24 years ....................................................................... 646 628 592 9.3 8.8 8.9 8.9 8.9 8.3

 25 years and over ................................................................. 2,672 2,658 2,631 4.6 4.6 4.6 4.4 4.6 4.6

 25 to 54 years ..................................................................... 2,229 2,321 2,202 4.7 5.0 4.8 4.5 4.9 4.7

 25 to 34 years ................................................................... 853 847 781 5.8 6.1 5.9 5.2 5.9 5.4

 35 to 44 years ................................................................... 767 808 780 4.5 5.0 4.6 4.5 4.9 4.7

 45 to 54 years ................................................................... 609 666 641 3.8 3.9 4.0 4.0 4.1 4.0

 55 years and over 2 ............................................................ 344 372 349 3.4 3.5 4.1 3.9 3.5 3.3

Married men, spouse present ................................................... 1,746 1,509 1,445 3.8 3.3 3.3 3.4 3.2 3.1

Married women, spouse present .............................................. 1,312 1,311 1,322 3.7 3.9 3.7 3.6 3.7 3.7

Women who maintain families 2 ............................................... 795 800 710 8.5 8.4 8.3 8.1 8.4 7.5

Full-time workers 3 ................................................................... 7,401 6,961 6,775 6.1 5.8 5.7 5.6 5.8 5.6

Part-time workers 4 ................................................................... 1,391 1,376 1,368 5.4 5.3 5.4 5.2 5.4 5.3

1 Unemployment as a percent of the civilian labor force. 2 Not seasonally adjusted. 3 Full-time workers are unemployed persons who have expressed a desire to work full

time (35 hours or more per week) or are on layoff from full-time jobs. 4 Part-time workers are unemployed persons who have expressed a desire to work

part time (less than 35 hours per week) or are on layoff from part-time jobs.

 NOTE: Detail shown in this table will not necessarily add to totals because of the

independent seasonal adjustment of the various series. Beginning in January 2004, data

reflect revised population controls used in the household survey.
HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-8. Unemployed persons by reason for unemployment

(Numbers in thousands)

Reason

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

Apr.

2003

Mar.

2004

Apr.

2004

Apr.

2003

Dec.

2003

Jan.

2004

Feb.

2004

Mar.

2004

Apr.

2004 

NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED

Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs .......... 4,716 4,920 4,253 4,851 4,618 4,382 4,323 4,607 4,399

 On temporary layoff ................................................................ 1,076 1,266 943 1,112 1,060 1,028 1,064 1,040 994

 Not on temporary layoff .......................................................... 3,640 3,654 3,311 3,739 3,558 3,353 3,258 3,567 3,405

 Permanent job losers ............................................................ 2,786 2,784 2,560 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( )

 Persons who completed temporary jobs .............................. 854 870 750 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( )

Job leavers ............................................................................... 786 866 796 818 783 804 827 836 822

Reentrants ................................................................................ 2,421 2,491 2,199 2,517 2,366 2,509 2,424 2,424 2,314

New entrants ............................................................................ 578 556 589 633 694 681 676 627 645

PERCENT DISTRIBUTION

Total unemployed ..................................................................... 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

 Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs ......... 55.5 55.7 54.3 55.0 54.6 52.3 52.4 54.2 53.8

 On temporary layoff ............................................................... 12.7 14.3 12.0 12.6 12.5 12.3 12.9 12.2 12.1

 Not on temporary layoff ......................................................... 42.8 41.4 42.2 42.4 42.0 40.0 39.5 42.0 41.6

 Job leavers .............................................................................. 9.2 9.8 10.2 9.3 9.3 9.6 10.0 9.8 10.1

 Reentrants ............................................................................... 28.5 28.2 28.1 28.5 28.0 30.0 29.4 28.5 28.3

 New entrants ........................................................................... 6.8 6.3 7.5 7.2 8.2 8.1 8.2 7.4 7.9

UNEMPLOYED AS A PERCENT OF THE

 CIVILIAN LABOR FORCE

 Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs ......... 3.2 3.4 2.9 3.3 3.1 3.0 3.0 3.1 3.0

 Job leavers .............................................................................. .5 .6 .5 .6 .5 .5 .6 .6 .6

 Reentrants ............................................................................... 1.7 1.7 1.5 1.7 1.6 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.6

 New entrants ........................................................................... .4 .4 .4 .4 .5 .5 .5 .4 .4

1 Data not available.

 NOTE: Beginning in January 2004, data reflect revised population controls used in the household survey.

Table A-9. Unemployed persons by duration of unemployment

(Numbers in thousands)

Duration

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

Apr.

2003

Mar.

2004

Apr.

2004

Apr.

2003

Dec.

2003

Jan.

2004

Feb.

2004

Mar.

2004

Apr.

2004 

NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED

Less than 5 weeks .................................................................... 2,443 2,413 2,439 2,815 2,627 2,612 2,468 2,589 2,792

5 to 14 weeks ........................................................................... 2,408 2,666 2,159 2,625 2,450 2,394 2,412 2,414 2,369

15 weeks and over ................................................................... 3,650 3,754 3,239 3,318 3,403 3,365 3,274 3,320 2,969

 15 to 26 weeks ...................................................................... 1,644 1,683 1,363 1,399 1,513 1,467 1,403 1,332 1,170

 27 weeks and over ................................................................ 2,005 2,071 1,876 1,919 1,890 1,898 1,871 1,988 1,800

Average (mean) duration, in weeks .......................................... 20.6 20.8 21.0 19.4 19.6 19.8 20.3 20.1 19.7

Median duration, in weeks ........................................................ 12.0 11.8 11.0 10.1 10.4 10.7 10.3 10.3 9.5

PERCENT DISTRIBUTION

Total unemployed ..................................................................... 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

 Less than 5 weeks .................................................................. 28.7 27.3 31.1 32.1 31.0 31.2 30.3 31.1 34.3

 5 to 14 weeks ......................................................................... 28.3 30.2 27.5 30.0 28.9 28.6 29.6 29.0 29.1

 15 weeks and over ................................................................. 42.9 42.5 41.3 37.9 40.1 40.2 40.2 39.9 36.5

 15 to 26 weeks ..................................................................... 19.3 19.1 17.4 16.0 17.8 17.5 17.2 16.0 14.4

 27 weeks and over ............................................................... 23.6 23.4 23.9 21.9 22.3 22.7 22.9 23.9 22.1

 NOTE: Beginning in January 2004, data reflect revised population controls used in the household survey.
HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-10. Employed and unemployed persons by occupation, not seasonally adjusted

(Numbers in thousands)

Occupation

Employed Unemployed Unemployment

rates

Apr.

2003

Apr.

2004

Apr.

2003

Apr.

2004

Apr.

2003

Apr.

2004

 Total, 16 years and over 1 .......................................................................... 137,424 138,423 8,501 7,837 5.8 5.4

Management, professional, and related occupations ............................... 48,050 48,667 1,438 1,300 2.9 2.6

 Management, business, and financial operations occupations ............ 20,022 20,100 558 557 2.7 2.7

 Professional and related occupations ........................................................ 28,027 28,567 879 743 3.0 2.5

Service occupations .......................................................................................... 22,073 22,482 1,687 1,518 7.1 6.3

Sales and office occupations .......................................................................... 35,696 35,141 1,988 1,848 5.3 5.0

 Sales and related occupations ..................................................................... 15,965 15,809 886 800 5.3 4.8

 Office and administrative support occupations ........................................ 19,731 19,332 1,103 1,048 5.3 5.1

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance occupations ........... 13,552 14,145 1,230 1,172 8.3 7.6

 Farming, fishing, and forestry occupations ............................................... 922 977 133 114 12.6 10.5

 Construction and extraction occupations ................................................... 7,761 8,170 829 844 9.6 9.4

 Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations .................................. 4,870 4,998 268 214 5.2 4.1

Production, transportation, and material moving occupations ................ 18,054 17,988 1,562 1,397 8.0 7.2

 Production occupations .................................................................................. 9,771 9,487 817 709 7.7 6.9

 Transportation and material moving occupations .................................... 8,283 8,501 745 689 8.3 7.5

1 Persons with no previous work experience and persons whose last job was in the Armed Forces are included in the unemployed total.

 NOTE: Beginning in January 2004, data reflect revised population controls used in the household survey.

Table A-11. Unemployed persons by industry, not seasonally adjusted

Industry

Number of

unemployed

persons

(in thousands)

Unemployment

rates

Apr.

2003

Apr.

2004

Apr.

2003

Apr.

2004

 Total, 16 years and over 1 ....................................................................... 8,501 7,837 5.8 5.4

Nonagricultural private wage and salary workers ...................................... 7,082 6,466 6.2 5.7

 Mining ................................................................................................................. 41 34 7.7 6.4

 Construction ...................................................................................................... 772 849 9.3 9.5

 Manufacturing ................................................................................................... 1,199 1,004 6.7 5.8

 Durable goods ................................................................................................ 799 598 7.3 5.6

 Nondurable goods ......................................................................................... 400 406 5.8 6.2

 Wholesale and retail trade ............................................................................ 1,201 1,248 6.0 6.1

 Transportation and utilities ............................................................................ 274 239 5.0 4.5

 Information ........................................................................................................ 268 168 7.3 5.0

 Financial activities ........................................................................................... 323 312 3.6 3.4

 Professional and business services ............................................................ 1,076 752 8.3 6.0

 Education and health services ..................................................................... 611 589 3.4 3.3

 Leisure and hospitality ................................................................................... 986 925 8.5 7.9

 Other services .................................................................................................. 331 347 5.5 5.6

Agriculture and related private wage and salary workers ........................ 154 107 12.0 8.3

Government workers ......................................................................................... 440 433 2.2 2.1

Self employed and unpaid family workers ................................................... 248 242 2.4 2.3

1 Persons with no previous work experience are included in the unemployed total.

 NOTE: Beginning in January 2004, data reflect revised population controls used in the household survey.
HOUSEHOLD DATA HOUSEHOLD DATA

Table A-12. Alternative measures of labor underutilization

(Percent)

Measure

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

Apr.

2003

Mar.

2004

Apr.

2004

Apr.

2003

Dec.

2003

Jan.

2004

Feb.

2004

Mar.

2004

Apr.

2004 

U-1 Persons unemployed 15 weeks or longer, as a percent of the civilian labor force .............. 2.5 2.6 2.2 2.3 2.3 2.3 2.2 2.3 2.0

U-2 Job losers and persons who completed temporary jobs, as a percent of the civilian labor

force ...................................................................................................................................... 3.2 3.4 2.9 3.3 3.1 3.0 3.0 3.1 3.0

U-3 Total unemployed, as a percent of the civilian labor force (official unemployment

rate) ...................................................................................................................................... 5.8 6.0 5.4 6.0 5.7 5.6 5.6 5.7 5.6

U-4 Total unemployed plus discouraged workers, as a percent of the civilian labor force plus

discouraged workers ............................................................................................................ 6.1 6.4 5.7 6.3 6.0 5.9 5.9 6.0 5.9

U-5 Total unemployed, plus discouraged workers, plus all other marginally

 attached workers, as a percent of the civilian labor force plus all marginally

 attached workers ................................................................................................................. 6.7 7.1 6.3 6.9 6.7 6.7 6.7 6.7 6.5

U-6 Total unemployed, plus all marginally attached workers, plus total employed

 part time for economic reasons, as a percent of the civilian labor force plus

 all marginally attached workers ........................................................................................... 9.8 10.4 9.3 10.1 9.9 9.9 9.6 9.9 9.6

 NOTE: Marginally attached workers are persons who currently are neither working nor

looking for work but indicate that they want and are available for a job and have looked for

work sometime in the recent past. Discouraged workers, a subset of the marginally attached,

have given a job-market related reason for not currently looking for a job. Persons employed

part time for economic reasons are those who want and are available for full-time work but

have had to settle for a part-time schedule. For further information, see "BLS introduces new

range of alternative unemployment measures," in the October 1995 issue of the Monthly

Labor Review. Beginning in January 2004, data reflect revised population controls used in the

household survey.

Table A-13. Persons not in the labor force and multiple jobholders by sex, not seasonally adjusted

(Numbers in thousands)

Category

Total Men Women

Apr.

2003

Apr.

2004

Apr.

2003

Apr.

2004

Apr.

2003

Apr.

2004

NOT IN THE LABOR FORCE

Total not in the labor force ............................................................................ 74,615 76,497 28,327 29,244 46,288 47,253

 Persons who currently want a job ............................................................... 4,373 4,598 1,953 2,131 2,421 2,466

Searched for work and available to work now 1 ..................................... 1,399 1,526 695 782 704 743

 Reason not currently looking:

 Discouragement over job prospects 2 ......................................... 437 492 254 313 183 179

 Reasons other than discouragement 3 ........................................ 962 1,034 440 469 521 565

MULTIPLE JOBHOLDERS

Total multiple jobholders 4 ............................................................................ 7,181 7,239 3,756 3,675 3,425 3,564

 Percent of total employed ......................................................................... 5.2 5.2 5.2 5.0 5.3 5.5

 Primary job full time, secondary job part time ........................................... 3,758 3,869 2,190 2,142 1,569 1,727

 Primary and secondary jobs both part time .............................................. 1,652 1,633 572 551 1,080 1,082

 Primary and secondary jobs both full time ................................................ 279 275 185 188 94 87

 Hours vary on primary or secondary job ................................................... 1,443 1,417 783 760 660 657

1 Data refer to persons who have searched for work during the prior 12 months and

were available to take a job during the reference week. 2 Includes thinks no work available, could not find work, lacks schooling or training,

employer thinks too young or old, and other types of discrimination. 3 Includes those who did not actively look for work in the prior 4 weeks for such

reasons as school or family responsibilities, ill health, and transportation problems, as well

as a small number for which reason for nonparticipation was not determined. 4 Includes persons who work part time on their primary job and full time on their

secondary job(s), not shown separately.

 NOTE: Beginning in January 2004, data reflect revised population controls used in the

household survey.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-1. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and selected industry detail

(In thousands)

Industry

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

Apr.

2003

Feb.

2004

Mar.

2004p

Apr.

2004p

Apr.

2003

Dec.

2003

Jan.

2004

Feb.

2004

Mar.

2004p

Apr.

2004p

Change

from:

Mar. 2004-

Apr. 2004p

Total nonfarm ............................. 129,781 128,786 129,820 130,929 129,901 130,035 130,194 130,277 130,614 130,902 288

Total private ........................................ 107,783 106,962 107,845 108,972 108,304 108,491 108,667 108,738 109,048 109,328 280

Goods-producing ............................................ 21,651 21,132 21,343 21,620 21,880 21,668 21,696 21,684 21,766 21,808 42

Natural resources and mining .................................. 555 557 565 573 568 570 570 572 580 583 3

Logging ............................................................ 61.8 62.2 61.5 60.4 68.4 65.9 65.1 64.2 66.2 66.4 .2

Mining .................................................................... 493.4 495.1 503.9 512.5 499.9 504.3 505.1 508.1 513.7 516.9 3.2

Oil and gas extraction ........................................ 121.0 128.5 129.0 130.8 122.3 124.6 126.9 128.9 129.9 131.1 1.2

Mining, except oil and gas1................................. 199.8 191.9 196.8 203.4 201.9 202.0 200.0 200.6 202.7 204.5 1.8

Coal mining ...................................................... 70.2 69.6 70.1 71.1 70.8 69.8 69.6 70.2 70.5 71.4 .9

Support activities for mining .............................. 172.6 174.7 178.1 178.3 175.7 177.7 178.2 178.6 181.1 181.3 .2

Construction ............................................................. 6,530 6,356 6,510 6,737 6,689 6,774 6,812 6,791 6,856 6,874 18

Construction of buildings ................................... 1,540.7 1,523.6 1,546.5 1,572.4 1,578.1 1,585.1 1,593.3 1,590.9 1,606.2 1,603.5 -2.7

Heavy and civil engineering construction ......... 868.9 806.3 841.7 904.3 900.0 920.7 928.0 924.0 926.8 928.2 1.4

Specialty trade contractors ................................ 4,120.6 4,025.9 4,122.0 4,260.2 4,211.3 4,268.4 4,290.2 4,276.5 4,322.8 4,342.6 19.8

Manufacturing ........................................................... 14,566 14,219 14,268 14,310 14,623 14,324 14,314 14,321 14,330 14,351 21

Production workers ....................................... 10,224 9,958 10,001 10,046 10,263 10,044 10,035 10,038 10,044 10,066 22

Durable goods ....................................................... 9,010 8,836 8,866 8,907 9,025 8,868 8,869 8,882 8,889 8,909 20

Production workers ....................................... 6,181 6,054 6,080 6,117 6,188 6,079 6,081 6,088 6,091 6,109 18

Wood products ................................................... 534.3 528.8 529.9 534.3 537.8 536.6 536.3 538.4 538.2 538.1 -.1

Nonmetallic mineral products ............................ 489.9 472.0 480.8 492.5 494.1 487.5 492.7 490.5 492.3 494.2 1.9

Primary metals .................................................... 485.7 461.5 461.3 462.6 485.8 464.6 462.2 462.4 461.6 462.1 .5

Fabricated metal products ................................. 1,485.3 1,472.1 1,472.2 1,484.1 1,487.6 1,471.2 1,471.8 1,476.6 1,475.5 1,485.1 9.6

Machinery ........................................................... 1,162.2 1,141.7 1,146.5 1,149.3 1,161.2 1,140.4 1,138.7 1,141.2 1,144.9 1,148.9 4.0

1 Computer and electronic products .................... 1,374.8 1,332.5 1,333.8 1,332.6 1,377.5 1,332.2 1,333.2 1,333.9 1,334.6 1,334.8 .2

Computer and peripheral equipment ............. 230.4 218.2 218.7 217.8 231.1 217.8 219.4 219.0 218.6 218.1 -.5

Communications equipment ........................... 159.0 155.0 154.7 155.0 158.7 153.0 154.8 154.8 154.9 154.7 -.2

Semiconductors and electronic components . 468.2 450.9 451.1 452.6 468.6 451.3 450.2 451.4 451.4 452.9 1.5

Electronic instruments ..................................... 430.0 423.5 424.4 422.0 430.9 425.3 423.7 423.3 424.4 423.1 -1.3

Electrical equipment and appliances ................ 465.4 448.0 447.8 447.9 465.7 451.2 449.8 448.6 446.9 445.7 -1.2

Transportation equipment .................................. 1,771.5 1,762.1 1,768.8 1,770.0 1,772.3 1,762.7 1,760.6 1,766.5 1,768.3 1,769.5 1.2

Furniture and related products .......................... 572.7 567.8 574.0 577.8 574.6 569.3 571.3 571.2 574.7 577.1 2.4

Miscellaneous manufacturing ............................ 668.1 649.7 651.2 655.9 668.7 651.9 652.0 653.0 652.3 653.0 .7

Nondurable goods ................................................. 5,556 5,383 5,402 5,403 5,598 5,456 5,445 5,439 5,441 5,442 1

Production workers ....................................... 4,043 3,904 3,921 3,929 4,075 3,965 3,954 3,950 3,953 3,957 4

Food manufacturing ........................................... 1,486.6 1,475.2 1,474.8 1,469.7 1,517.3 1,506.3 1,500.7 1,502.4 1,502.0 1,501.7 -.3

Beverages and tobacco products ...................... 196.4 190.3 191.6 192.5 200.6 198.3 197.7 195.9 196.4 196.1 -.3

Textile mills ......................................................... 271.6 235.2 237.9 238.1 270.4 241.0 239.2 237.3 237.2 236.1 -1.1

Textile product mills ........................................... 185.3 173.8 179.2 182.4 184.8 174.3 176.9 176.6 179.4 180.8 1.4

Apparel ................................................................ 320.1 292.8 297.2 295.9 321.7 297.7 296.1 297.1 296.8 296.6 -.2

Leather and allied products ............................... 46.6 44.3 45.0 46.4 46.3 44.3 44.6 44.8 45.0 45.3 .3

Paper and paper products ................................. 520.4 504.7 505.5 506.3 523.0 510.3 509.8 508.0 508.7 508.7 .0

Printing and related support activities ............... 681.0 661.4 661.0 659.3 683.7 670.1 667.6 665.0 662.5 660.6 -1.9

Petroleum and coal products ............................. 114.8 109.6 110.8 111.0 115.5 112.4 114.3 112.9 112.8 111.9 -.9

Chemicals ........................................................... 913.1 893.8 895.0 893.9 913.9 895.9 893.7 894.7 894.7 895.6 .9

Plastics and rubber products ............................. 819.9 801.6 804.0 807.7 820.7 805.8 804.8 803.9 805.9 808.1 2.2

Service-providing ............................................ 108,130 107,654 108,477 109,309 108,021 108,367 108,498 108,593 108,848 109,094 246

Private service-providing ............................ 86,132 85,830 86,502 87,352 86,424 86,823 86,971 87,054 87,282 87,520 238

Trade, transportation, and utilities ........................... 25,076 24,955 25,090 25,224 25,326 25,211 25,312 25,331 25,408 25,436 28

Wholesale trade .................................................... 5,611.6 5,569.6 5,598.9 5,621.3 5,625.8 5,598.4 5,611.4 5,612.2 5,624.3 5,630.4 6.1

Durable goods .................................................... 2,951.3 2,938.1 2,951.9 2,962.2 2,958.1 2,945.8 2,954.9 2,953.8 2,962.5 2,966.5 4.0

Nondurable goods .............................................. 2,007.7 1,971.4 1,982.5 1,991.2 2,013.1 1,991.8 1,993.7 1,994.5 1,995.4 1,995.0 -.4

Electronic markets and agents and brokers ..... 652.6 660.1 664.5 667.9 654.6 660.8 662.8 663.9 666.4 668.9 2.5

See footnotes at end of table.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-1. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and selected industry detail Continued

(In thousands)

Industry

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

Apr.

2003

Feb.

2004

Mar.

2004p

Apr.

2004p

Apr.

2003

Dec.

2003

Jan.

2004

Feb.

2004

Mar.

2004p

Apr.

2004p

Change

from:

Mar. 2004-

Apr. 2004p

Retail trade ............................................................ 14,720.3 14,672.8 14,749.0 14,848.9 14,929.4 14,876.0 14,944.8 14,963.0 15,009.2 15,032.6 23.4

Motor vehicle and parts dealers1........................ 1,869.8 1,876.2 1,893.7 1,909.3 1,875.9 1,893.7 1,895.4 1,900.9 1,908.4 1,914.3 5.9

Automobile dealers ......................................... 1,246.7 1,255.5 1,262.0 1,264.0 1,249.8 1,259.5 1,261.3 1,262.9 1,265.5 1,267.6 2.1

Furniture and home furnishings stores ............. 537.3 540.5 540.6 540.2 543.8 547.2 546.4 544.5 544.5 545.4 .9

Electronics and appliance stores ....................... 506.8 508.7 509.4 510.7 513.3 511.9 509.3 508.2 511.8 514.4 2.6

Building material and garden supply stores ...... 1,198.9 1,166.0 1,209.1 1,272.6 1,180.5 1,209.5 1,221.4 1,231.4 1,242.1 1,252.5 10.4

Food and beverage stores ................................. 2,822.8 2,808.2 2,803.4 2,795.3 2,853.2 2,813.9 2,826.3 2,831.3 2,835.2 2,829.6 -5.6

Health and personal care stores ....................... 932.3 950.9 952.7 950.1 940.3 952.6 954.1 954.9 958.2 957.9 -.3

Gasoline stations ................................................ 877.0 860.0 862.7 862.7 884.7 871.1 875.1 871.8 872.3 870.1 -2.2

Clothing and clothing accessories stores ......... 1,269.4 1,273.2 1,285.4 1,292.5 1,303.4 1,301.0 1,304.3 1,311.3 1,320.6 1,324.6 4.0

Sporting goods, hobby, book, and music

 stores................................................................ 629.5 623.7 621.3 617.2 649.0 633.2 635.9 636.8 636.0 634.7 -1.3

1 General merchandise stores ............................. 2,734.5 2,729.1 2,744.0 2,767.2 2,816.8 2,793.4 2,822.7 2,822.5 2,828.5 2,838.9 10.4

Department stores .......................................... 1,559.2 1,545.5 1,550.5 1,563.2 1,618.8 1,601.3 1,603.4 1,602.7 1,606.8 1,613.2 6.4

Miscellaneous store retailers ............................. 922.2 913.8 905.9 913.4 938.7 924.4 929.6 924.6 926.2 924.8 -1.4

Nonstore retailers ............................................... 419.8 422.5 420.8 417.7 429.8 424.1 424.3 424.8 425.4 425.4 .0

Transportation and warehousing .......................... 4,163.1 4,135.3 4,162.1 4,175.6 4,187.7 4,157.0 4,175.9 4,175.8 4,193.3 4,191.9 -1.4

Air transportation ................................................ 532.7 506.8 510.1 515.1 537.1 512.9 510.2 511.6 513.3 515.2 1.9

Rail transportation .............................................. 215.3 213.8 214.5 216.4 215.4 215.5 215.4 215.7 216.0 216.1 .1

Water transportation ........................................... 52.1 46.3 47.4 49.6 52.7 50.0 50.6 48.8 49.0 50.1 1.1

Truck transportation ........................................... 1,303.3 1,312.8 1,319.2 1,334.1 1,322.0 1,338.7 1,343.6 1,344.1 1,345.7 1,349.6 3.9

Transit and ground passenger transportation ... 398.1 390.0 394.5 389.6 383.2 385.0 382.3 380.1 379.7 375.8 -3.9

Pipeline transportation ....................................... 40.8 37.9 37.7 37.9 40.9 38.8 38.3 38.2 38.0 38.0 .0

Scenic and sightseeing transportation .............. 24.6 24.3 25.9 27.8 27.6 29.4 28.7 29.7 30.1 30.0 -.1

Support activities for transportation ................... 513.4 512.8 514.2 514.9 514.8 511.6 514.1 515.5 518.5 518.4 -.1

Couriers and messengers .................................. 564.3 565.7 569.7 563.7 570.5 559.0 566.9 567.7 571.5 567.2 -4.3

Warehousing and storage .................................. 518.5 524.9 528.9 526.5 523.5 516.1 525.8 524.4 531.5 531.5 .0

Utilities ................................................................... 580.7 577.0 579.7 578.3 582.8 579.3 580.2 580.0 581.3 581.5 .2

Information ................................................................ 3,203 3,156 3,160 3,160 3,214 3,175 3,163 3,169 3,169 3,171 2

Publishing industries, except Internet ............... 929.2 913.3 914.7 913.4 932.4 917.4 914.0 915.1 916.0 916.3 .3

Motion picture and sound recording industries . 364.7 377.1 375.0 375.2 371.6 385.2 379.7 382.7 380.5 383.0 2.5

Broadcasting, except Internet ............................ 326.3 330.5 333.2 333.7 327.1 329.5 329.7 331.8 333.5 334.3 .8

Internet publishing and broadcasting ................ 29.8 31.7 31.8 32.5 29.9 30.4 30.8 31.9 32.0 32.5 .5

Telecommunications .......................................... 1,093.7 1,056.0 1,054.7 1,053.2 1,095.4 1,061.2 1,061.3 1,058.2 1,056.9 1,055.2 -1.7

ISPs, search portals, and data processing ....... 410.3 399.6 401.8 402.6 408.6 402.6 400.1 401.1 401.4 400.8 -.6

Other information services ................................. 48.8 47.5 48.4 49.1 48.6 48.2 47.8 48.0 48.5 49.2 .7

Financial activities .................................................... 7,945 7,939 7,955 7,985 7,968 7,981 7,981 7,989 7,994 8,002 8

Finance and insurance .......................................... 5,908.9 5,911.3 5,920.8 5,928.8 5,919.4 5,916.5 5,917.1 5,924.7 5,930.5 5,936.8 6.3

Monetary authorities - central bank ................... 22.7 22.3 22.3 22.3 22.8 22.5 22.4 22.4 22.4 22.4 .0

1 Credit intermediation and related activities ....... 2,771.5 2,778.2 2,786.5 2,790.7 2,777.0 2,783.3 2,785.3 2,787.2 2,794.5 2,798.4 3.9

1 Depository credit intermediation ..................... 1,744.2 1,757.8 1,759.9 1,761.1 1,748.0 1,757.1 1,758.7 1,762.6 1,763.8 1,764.6 .8

Commercial banking .................................... 1,277.1 1,279.3 1,280.5 1,283.4 1,280.0 1,278.9 1,280.4 1,283.5 1,284.5 1,286.2 1.7

Securities, commodity contracts, investments .. 759.8 777.1 778.9 777.9 762.6 771.9 773.8 778.2 781.0 780.1 -.9

Insurance carriers and related activities ........... 2,272.4 2,254.1 2,254.0 2,258.9 2,274.2 2,258.1 2,255.8 2,257.4 2,253.4 2,256.9 3.5

Funds, trusts, and other financial vehicles ........ 82.5 79.6 79.1 79.0 82.8 80.7 79.8 79.5 79.2 79.0 -.2

Real estate and rental and leasing ....................... 2,036.2 2,027.2 2,034.5 2,056.0 2,048.8 2,064.0 2,063.6 2,064.5 2,063.0 2,064.9 1.9

Real estate .......................................................... 1,374.8 1,377.0 1,385.0 1,401.4 1,382.2 1,395.7 1,397.7 1,400.2 1,401.9 1,405.6 3.7

Rental and leasing services ............................... 634.0 620.2 620.3 626.0 638.9 638.3 636.0 634.2 631.5 630.2 -1.3

Lessors of nonfinancial intangible assets ......... 27.4 30.0 29.2 28.6 27.7 30.0 29.9 30.1 29.6 29.1 -.5

Professional and business services ........................ 15,850 15,881 16,044 16,353 15,897 16,159 16,172 16,196 16,250 16,373 123

1 Professional and technical services ..................... 6,692.1 6,727.0 6,754.4 6,760.8 6,631.3 6,669.3 6,657.9 6,658.1 6,688.3 6,701.5 13.2

Legal services .................................................. 1,130.5 1,132.3 1,132.3 1,135.4 1,138.3 1,140.5 1,138.7 1,139.2 1,138.8 1,141.4 2.6

Accounting and bookkeeping services ........... 911.2 944.0 927.3 907.3 818.1 826.6 815.2 813.3 820.0 820.6 .6

Architectural and engineering services .......... 1,217.5 1,215.9 1,228.6 1,244.5 1,227.5 1,235.2 1,236.0 1,240.0 1,247.2 1,254.4 7.2

Computer systems design and related

 services.......................................................... 1,120.2 1,099.4 1,105.3 1,100.3 1,117.9 1,105.7 1,104.6 1,099.8 1,102.8 1,098.9 -3.9

Management and technical consulting

 services.......................................................... 737.3 760.1 768.9 777.7 741.5 764.0 765.4 767.9 774.2 781.9 7.7

See footnotes at end of table.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-1. Employees on nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and selected industry detail Continued

(In thousands)

Industry

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

Apr.

2003

Feb.

2004

Mar.

2004p

Apr.

2004p

Apr.

2003

Dec.

2003

Jan.

2004

Feb.

2004

Mar.

2004p

Apr.

2004p

Change

from:

Mar. 2004-

Apr. 2004p

Professional and business services--Continued

Management of companies and enterprises ....... 1,670.7 1,658.6 1,663.4 1,675.0 1,679.1 1,670.2 1,675.1 1,675.6 1,675.6 1,681.0 5.4

Administrative and waste services ....................... 7,487.4 7,495.1 7,625.9 7,917.6 7,586.6 7,819.2 7,838.5 7,862.4 7,886.1 7,990.3 104.2

1 Administrative and support services ................. 7,165.7 7,180.1 7,308.9 7,595.2 7,262.8 7,496.3 7,517.5 7,539.6 7,562.9 7,665.4 102.5

1 Employment services ...................................... 3,138.6 3,296.8 3,353.1 3,479.7 3,229.3 3,461.3 3,473.8 3,493.8 3,494.4 3,554.5 60.1

Temporary help services ............................. 2,090.1 2,216.2 2,272.2 2,361.6 2,159.1 2,355.3 2,344.3 2,370.4 2,384.3 2,419.6 35.3

Business support services .............................. 747.2 738.7 747.7 750.7 746.8 745.1 739.0 739.8 744.7 747.5 2.8

Services to buildings and dwellings ............... 1,622.6 1,492.4 1,544.9 1,684.8 1,621.5 1,635.9 1,637.1 1,639.5 1,649.0 1,678.8 29.8

Waste management and remediation services 321.7 315.0 317.0 322.4 323.8 322.9 321.0 322.8 323.2 324.9 1.7

Education and health services ................................ 16,695 16,863 16,949 17,009 16,538 16,731 16,746 16,764 16,805 16,836 31

Educational services ............................................. 2,835.0 2,860.0 2,880.9 2,886.7 2,687.1 2,728.0 2,729.3 2,727.4 2,731.4 2,733.1 1.7

Health care and social assistance ........................13,860.4 14,002.6 14,068.0 14,122.0 13,851.0 14,003.2 14,017.1 14,036.8 14,073.2 14,103.2 30.0

1 Ambulatory health care services ....................... 4,747.0 4,835.4 4,857.9 4,883.9 4,751.8 4,831.0 4,840.3 4,855.3 4,868.0 4,884.8 16.8

Offices of physicians ....................................... 1,987.4 2,029.6 2,040.3 2,043.0 1,992.1 2,030.0 2,032.3 2,034.4 2,043.5 2,046.9 3.4

Outpatient care centers ................................... 423.3 431.0 430.7 434.4 422.4 425.0 427.8 431.1 429.9 432.7 2.8

Home health care services ............................. 723.6 732.5 739.3 748.7 722.9 739.9 740.2 741.5 743.9 747.9 4.0

Hospitals ............................................................. 4,237.3 4,276.4 4,292.3 4,294.6 4,244.1 4,283.9 4,287.8 4,284.1 4,296.0 4,299.7 3.7

1 Nursing and residential care facilities ............... 2,777.8 2,779.3 2,792.6 2,798.7 2,781.4 2,793.0 2,792.1 2,791.1 2,797.8 2,802.6 4.8

Nursing care facilities ...................................... 1,580.1 1,572.6 1,579.2 1,580.7 1,582.3 1,581.7 1,580.3 1,578.7 1,582.0 1,583.9 1.9

1 Social assistance ................................................ 2,098.3 2,111.5 2,125.2 2,144.8 2,073.7 2,095.3 2,096.9 2,106.3 2,111.4 2,116.1 4.7

Child day care services ................................... 777.7 783.5 788.6 795.0 757.9 770.0 766.3 772.2 773.4 773.0 -.4

Leisure and hospitality ............................................. 11,971 11,699 11,927 12,225 12,084 12,192 12,218 12,229 12,263 12,299 36

Arts, entertainment, and recreation ...................... 1,748.3 1,609.0 1,656.0 1,747.9 1,792.9 1,795.2 1,801.4 1,796.7 1,795.0 1,790.3 -4.7

Performing arts and spectator sports ................ 381.8 343.9 347.0 362.0 377.3 368.8 369.4 366.5 362.6 359.4 -3.2

Museums, historical sites, zoos, and parks ...... 111.1 104.6 108.0 114.2 113.3 113.1 113.4 113.7 114.1 115.1 1.0

Amusements, gambling, and recreation ........... 1,255.4 1,160.5 1,201.0 1,271.7 1,302.3 1,313.3 1,318.6 1,316.5 1,318.3 1,315.8 -2.5

Accommodations and food services .................... 10,223.0 10,090.2 10,271.2 10,477.0 10,290.7 10,396.3 10,416.5 10,432.3 10,467.8 10,508.8 41.0

Accommodations ................................................ 1,716.0 1,672.7 1,694.9 1,722.3 1,759.4 1,763.0 1,752.1 1,754.4 1,756.7 1,763.8 7.1

Food services and drinking places .................... 8,507.0 8,417.5 8,576.3 8,754.7 8,531.3 8,633.3 8,664.4 8,677.9 8,711.1 8,745.0 33.9

Other services .......................................................... 5,392 5,337 5,377 5,396 5,397 5,374 5,379 5,376 5,393 5,403 10

Repair and maintenance .................................... 1,238.1 1,224.4 1,239.5 1,239.3 1,235.9 1,228.5 1,233.5 1,230.5 1,238.9 1,238.5 -.4

Personal and laundry services .......................... 1,260.7 1,231.2 1,246.8 1,256.7 1,260.1 1,250.2 1,251.2 1,247.6 1,255.8 1,256.3 .5

Membership associations and organizations .... 2,892.8 2,881.4 2,890.9 2,900.1 2,901.0 2,895.7 2,894.5 2,898.3 2,898.3 2,908.0 9.7

Government .............................................................. 21,998 21,824 21,975 21,957 21,597 21,544 21,527 21,539 21,566 21,574 8

Federal ................................................................... 2,758 2,699 2,703 2,707 2,768 2,720 2,715 2,716 2,717 2,717 0

Federal, except U.S. Postal Service ................. 1,944.4 1,909.3 1,916.1 1,922.4 1,952.5 1,928.9 1,921.5 1,923.8 1,927.2 1,929.7 2.5

U.S. Postal Service ............................................ 813.1 789.2 787.0 785.0 815.2 791.4 793.1 791.7 789.9 787.7 -2.2

State government .................................................. 5,164 5,119 5,164 5,169 5,020 5,027 5,007 5,018 5,026 5,030 4

State government education .............................. 2,406.6 2,394.5 2,430.2 2,432.5 2,259.7 2,285.7 2,268.0 2,279.6 2,286.4 2,290.9 4.5

State government, excluding education ............ 2,757.1 2,724.8 2,733.9 2,736.9 2,760.4 2,740.9 2,738.9 2,738.4 2,739.1 2,738.6 -.5

Local government .................................................. 14,076 14,006 14,108 14,081 13,809 13,797 13,805 13,805 13,823 13,827 4

Local government education ............................. 8,035.6 7,992.0 8,076.0 8,039.0 7,700.6 7,687.1 7,692.2 7,694.3 7,708.6 7,711.2 2.6

Local government, excluding education ........... 6,040.3 6,014.2 6,031.6 6,042.0 6,107.9 6,109.7 6,112.7 6,110.8 6,114.1 6,115.8 1.7

1

Includes other industries, not shown separately. p= preliminary.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-2. Average weekly hours of production or nonsupervisory workers1on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and

selected industry detail

Industry

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

Apr.

2003

Feb.

2004

Mar.

2004p

Apr.

2004p

Apr.

2003

Dec.

2003

Jan.

2004

Feb.

2004

Mar.

2004p

Apr.

2004p

Change

from:

Mar. 2004-

Apr. 2004p

Total private ....................................... 33.4 33.8 33.5 33.4 33.6 33.6 33.8 33.8 33.7 33.7 0.0

Goods-producing .......................................... 39.3 39.8 40.1 39.7 39.4 39.9 40.2 40.3 40.2 40.0 -.2

Natural resources and mining .............................. 43.0 43.6 44.0 43.9 43.3 43.6 44.5 44.1 44.3 44.2 -.1

Construction ............................................................ 37.5 37.3 38.4 37.7 37.8 38.1 38.5 38.5 38.7 38.3 -.4

Manufacturing ......................................................... 39.9 40.8 40.8 40.5 40.1 40.6 41.0 41.0 40.9 40.6 -.3

Overtime hours ............................................ 3.9 4.3 4.5 4.4 4.0 4.5 4.5 4.6 4.6 4.5 -.1

Durable goods ..................................................... 40.2 41.3 41.4 41.1 40.3 41.2 41.5 41.5 41.3 41.1 -.2

Overtime hours ............................................ 3.9 4.5 4.7 4.6 4.0 4.7 4.7 4.8 4.8 4.7 -.1

Wood products .................................................. 39.9 40.4 40.6 40.8 40.0 41.0 40.9 41.1 40.9 40.9 .0

Nonmetallic mineral products ......................... 41.8 41.5 42.5 42.4 41.9 42.3 42.5 42.5 42.9 42.5 -.4

Primary metals .................................................. 42.2 42.9 43.1 43.2 42.1 42.7 43.1 43.0 43.0 43.1 .1

Fabricated metal products .............................. 40.1 41.1 41.0 40.8 40.3 40.8 41.2 41.2 41.0 41.0 .0

Machinery .......................................................... 40.4 41.9 41.8 41.5 40.5 41.1 41.8 41.8 41.6 41.4 -.2

Computer and electronic products ................ 39.8 41.1 40.8 40.4 40.1 40.4 40.8 41.2 40.7 40.6 -.1

Electrical equipment and appliances ............ 40.0 40.6 40.6 40.0 40.1 40.7 41.1 40.7 40.7 40.4 -.3

Transportation equipment ............................... 41.3 42.9 43.0 42.3 41.1 42.7 42.8 42.9 42.8 42.3 -.5

Furniture and related products ....................... 37.9 39.1 39.4 39.4 38.0 39.7 39.7 39.4 39.5 39.4 -.1

Miscellaneous manufacturing ......................... 37.9 38.8 38.7 38.2 38.0 38.5 39.0 38.7 38.5 38.2 -.3

Nondurable goods ............................................... 39.5 40.0 40.0 39.7 39.7 39.9 40.2 40.3 40.1 39.9 -.2

Overtime hours ............................................ 3.9 4.0 4.1 4.1 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.3 4.2 4.3 .1

Food manufacturing ......................................... 38.8 38.8 38.7 38.2 39.3 39.1 39.5 39.4 39.2 38.9 -.3

Beverages and tobacco products .................. 39.3 39.3 39.1 39.4 39.5 39.1 39.6 40.3 39.6 39.6 .0

Textile mills ........................................................ 39.5 40.1 40.7 39.6 39.0 39.7 40.0 40.0 40.2 39.3 -.9

Textile product mills ......................................... 38.6 39.5 38.8 38.6 38.5 39.8 39.4 39.9 38.8 38.4 -.4

Apparel ............................................................... 35.6 36.1 36.5 36.4 35.6 35.8 35.7 36.2 36.2 36.1 -.1

Leather and allied products ............................ 39.8 39.5 40.0 39.7 39.3 40.3 39.8 39.5 39.6 39.5 -.1

Paper and paper products .............................. 41.3 41.7 41.7 41.7 41.5 41.8 41.9 42.0 41.9 41.8 -.1

Printing and related support activities ........... 37.8 38.4 38.6 38.3 37.9 38.2 38.6 38.6 38.4 38.4 .0

Petroleum and coal products .......................... 44.0 44.2 43.5 43.1 44.0 44.2 43.8 44.1 43.6 43.5 -.1

Chemicals .......................................................... 42.2 43.3 43.1 42.6 42.3 42.5 42.9 43.2 43.0 43.0 .0

Plastics and rubber products .......................... 39.9 40.7 40.8 40.7 39.9 40.4 40.8 40.9 40.9 40.7 -.2

Private service-providing ............................. 32.1 32.6 32.1 32.1 32.3 32.2 32.4 32.4 32.3 32.4 .1

Trade, transportation, and utilities ....................... 33.2 33.5 33.2 33.2 33.5 33.5 33.6 33.7 33.5 33.5 .0

Wholesale trade ................................................... 37.5 38.1 37.6 37.7 37.7 37.8 37.9 38.0 37.9 37.9 .0

Retail trade ........................................................... 30.6 30.6 30.4 30.4 30.9 30.8 31.0 30.9 30.8 30.8 .0

Transportation and warehousing ...................... 36.1 37.0 36.6 36.5 36.5 36.7 36.9 37.2 36.9 36.9 .0

Utilities ................................................................... 41.1 41.1 40.9 40.9 41.0 40.8 40.8 41.0 41.1 41.1 .0

Information ............................................................... 35.9 36.5 35.9 35.9 36.2 36.2 36.2 36.3 36.2 36.2 .0

Financial activities .................................................. 35.2 36.1 35.2 35.3 35.5 35.3 35.7 35.5 35.5 35.6 .1

Professional and business services .................... 34.0 34.5 34.0 34.0 34.0 33.8 34.1 34.2 34.0 34.1 .1

Education and health services ............................. 32.1 32.6 32.2 32.2 32.3 32.4 32.4 32.4 32.4 32.4 .0

Leisure and hospitality ........................................... 25.3 25.8 25.4 25.4 25.6 25.6 25.7 25.8 25.7 25.7 .0

Other services ......................................................... 31.1 31.2 30.9 30.8 31.4 31.0 31.1 31.1 31.1 31.1 .0

1 Data relate to production workers in natural resources and mining and approximately four-fifths of the total employment on private nonfarm payrolls.

manufacturing, construction workers in construction, and nonsupervisory p = preliminary.

workers in the service-providing industries. These groups account for
ESTABLISHMENT DATA ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-3. Average hourly and weekly earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and 

selected industry detail

Industry

Average hourly earnings Average weekly earnings

Apr.

2003

Feb.

2004

Mar.

2004p

Apr.

2004p

Apr.

2003

Feb.

2004

Mar.

2004p

Apr.

2004p

Total private ....................................... $15.27 $15.60 $15.55 $15.59 $510.02 $527.28 $520.93 $520.71

Seasonally adjusted ..................... 15.25 15.52 15.54 15.59 512.40 524.58 523.70 525.38

Goods-producing .......................................... 16.66 16.95 17.00 17.09 654.74 674.61 681.70 678.47

Natural resources and mining .............................. 17.68 18.05 18.15 18.13 760.24 786.98 798.60 795.91

Construction ............................................................ 18.84 19.07 19.06 19.14 706.50 711.31 731.90 721.58

Manufacturing ......................................................... 15.63 15.99 16.01 16.07 623.64 652.39 653.21 650.84

Durable goods ..................................................... 16.32 16.68 16.69 16.72 656.06 688.88 690.97 687.19

Wood products .................................................. 12.49 12.91 12.93 12.99 498.35 521.56 524.96 529.99

Nonmetallic mineral products ......................... 15.69 16.00 16.03 16.33 655.84 664.00 681.28 692.39

Primary metals .................................................. 18.05 18.36 18.34 18.54 761.71 787.64 790.45 800.93

Fabricated metal products .............................. 14.95 15.18 15.25 15.22 599.50 623.90 625.25 620.98

Machinery .......................................................... 16.17 16.50 16.50 16.51 653.27 691.35 689.70 685.17

Computer and electronic products ................ 16.62 16.92 16.92 17.11 661.48 695.41 690.34 691.24

Electrical equipment and appliances ............ 14.26 14.58 14.69 14.80 570.40 591.95 596.41 592.00

Transportation equipment ............................... 20.95 21.37 21.34 21.33 865.24 916.77 917.62 902.26

Furniture and related products ....................... 12.89 12.92 12.95 13.06 488.53 505.17 510.23 514.56

Miscellaneous manufacturing ......................... 13.20 13.75 13.77 13.59 500.28 533.50 532.90 519.14

Nondurable goods ............................................... 14.55 14.88 14.90 15.02 574.73 595.20 596.00 596.29

Food manufacturing ......................................... 12.75 12.87 12.90 13.00 494.70 499.36 499.23 496.60

Beverages and tobacco products .................. 17.86 18.76 19.24 19.90 701.90 737.27 752.28 784.06

Textile mills ........................................................ 11.95 12.13 12.09 12.21 472.03 486.41 492.06 483.52

Textile product mills ......................................... 11.12 11.40 11.37 11.15 429.23 450.30 441.16 430.39

Apparel ............................................................... 9.46 9.58 9.60 9.71 336.78 345.84 350.40 353.44

Leather and allied products ............................ 11.72 11.76 11.68 11.73 466.46 464.52 467.20 465.68

Paper and paper products .............................. 17.25 17.55 17.59 17.86 712.43 731.84 733.50 744.76

Printing and related support activities ........... 15.33 15.57 15.63 15.53 579.47 597.89 603.32 594.80

Petroleum and coal products .......................... 23.86 24.32 24.83 24.69 1,049.84 1,074.94 1,080.11 1,064.14

Chemicals .......................................................... 18.34 18.85 18.83 19.04 773.95 816.21 811.57 811.10

Plastics and rubber products .......................... 14.09 14.45 14.46 14.60 562.19 588.12 589.97 594.22

Private service-providing ............................. 14.91 15.24 15.16 15.20 478.61 496.82 486.64 487.92

Trade, transportation, and utilities ....................... 14.32 14.58 14.54 14.62 475.42 488.43 482.73 485.38

Wholesale trade ................................................... 17.29 17.60 17.48 17.61 648.38 670.56 657.25 663.90

Retail trade ........................................................... 11.89 12.04 12.04 12.08 363.83 368.42 366.02 367.23

Transportation and warehousing ...................... 16.17 16.58 16.52 16.74 583.74 613.46 604.63 611.01

Utilities ................................................................... 24.54 25.29 25.36 25.31 1,008.59 1,039.42 1,037.22 1,035.18

Information ............................................................... 20.89 21.28 21.19 21.35 749.95 776.72 760.72 766.47

Financial activities .................................................. 16.96 17.47 17.38 17.48 596.99 630.67 611.78 617.04

Professional and business services .................... 17.19 17.47 17.29 17.27 584.46 602.72 587.86 587.18

Education and health services ............................. 15.48 15.95 15.93 15.96 496.91 519.97 512.95 513.91

Leisure and hospitality ........................................... 8.71 8.92 8.89 8.86 220.36 230.14 225.81 225.04

Other services ......................................................... 13.82 13.90 13.85 13.87 429.80 433.68 427.97 427.20

1 See footnote 1, table B-2. p= preliminary.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-4. Average hourly earnings of production or nonsupervisory workers1on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and

selected industry detail, seasonally adjusted

Industry

Total private:

Apr.

2003

Dec.

2003

Jan.

2004

Feb.

2004

Mar.

2004p

Apr.

2004p

Percent

change from:

Mar. 2004-

Apr. 2004p

Current dollars .............................................. $15.25 $15.45 $15.49 $15.52 $15.54 $15.59 0.3

2 Constant (1982) dollars .............................. 8.23 8.30 8.27 8.27 8.24 N.A. 3( )

Goods-producing .......................................................... 16.71 16.97 17.00 17.06 17.09 17.14 .3

Natural resources and mining .............................................. 17.60 17.91 17.95 18.01 18.07 18.06 -.1

Construction ............................................................................ 18.90 19.04 19.11 19.18 19.17 19.22 .3

Manufacturing ......................................................................... 15.64 15.93 15.94 15.99 16.02 16.08 .4

4 Excluding overtime .................................................... 14.90 15.09 15.11 15.14 15.17 15.24 .5

Durable goods ..................................................................... 16.35 16.64 16.63 16.68 16.70 16.76 .4

Nondurable goods ............................................................... 14.54 14.81 14.85 14.89 14.93 15.01 .5

Private service-providing ............................................. 14.86 15.05 15.08 15.10 15.13 15.17 .3

Trade, transportation, and utilities ....................................... 14.24 14.41 14.45 14.49 14.50 14.57 .5

Wholesale trade ................................................................... 17.29 17.46 17.53 17.54 17.55 17.61 .3

Retail trade ........................................................................... 11.81 11.95 11.95 11.98 11.99 12.02 .3

Transportation and warehousing ...................................... 16.15 16.33 16.46 16.52 16.53 16.71 1.1

Utilities ................................................................................... 24.44 25.13 25.32 25.35 25.38 25.42 .2

Information ............................................................................... 20.89 20.99 21.15 21.24 21.27 21.38 .5

Financial activities .................................................................. 16.95 17.30 17.35 17.32 17.42 17.48 .3

Professional and business services .................................... 17.20 17.25 17.24 17.25 17.27 17.30 .2

Education and health services ............................................. 15.45 15.81 15.87 15.90 15.94 15.95 .1

Leisure and hospitality ........................................................... 8.73 8.84 8.85 8.86 8.87 8.88 .1

Other services ......................................................................... 13.78 13.80 13.84 13.84 13.86 13.83 -.2

1 See footnote 1, table B-2. 4 Derived by assuming that overtime hours are paid at the 

2 The Consumer Price Index for Urban Wage Earners and rate of time and one-half.

Clerical Workers (CPI-W) is used to deflate this series. N.A. = not available.

3 Change was -0.4 percent from Feb. 2004 to Mar. 2004, the p = preliminary.

latest month available.
ESTABLISHMENT DATA ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-5. Indexes of aggregate weekly hours of production or nonsupervisory workers1on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and

selected industry detail

(2002=100)

Industry

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

Apr.

2003

Feb.

2004

Mar.

2004p

Apr.

2004p

Apr.

2003

Dec.

2003

Jan.

2004

Feb.

2004

Mar.

2004p

Apr.

2004p

Percent

change from:

Mar. 2004-

Apr. 2004p

Total private ....................................... 97.1 97.3 97.3 98.2 98.3 98.4 99.1 99.2 99.2 99.5 0.3

Goods-producing .......................................... 93.5 91.8 93.7 94.4 95.0 95.2 96.0 96.2 96.3 96.1 -.2

Natural resources and mining .............................. 93.0 94.1 97.3 98.4 96.0 97.1 99.1 98.2 100.8 101.5 .7

Construction ............................................................ 92.8 88.4 93.8 96.1 96.5 98.2 99.7 99.6 100.9 100.0 -.9

Manufacturing ......................................................... 93.6 93.2 93.6 93.4 94.5 93.6 94.4 94.5 94.3 93.8 -.5

Durable goods ..................................................... 93.4 93.9 94.6 94.5 93.7 94.1 94.8 94.9 94.5 94.3 -.2

Wood products .................................................. 95.9 96.3 96.8 98.2 96.8 99.2 98.7 99.7 99.0 99.0 .0

Nonmetallic mineral products ......................... 92.4 88.6 92.6 95.2 93.8 93.6 95.5 95.0 96.1 95.9 -.2

Primary metals .................................................. 94.8 91.5 92.0 92.5 94.6 91.7 92.1 92.0 91.8 92.2 .4

Fabricated metal products .............................. 94.3 96.0 95.8 96.4 95.0 95.0 96.1 96.5 96.0 96.9 .9

Machinery .......................................................... 94.0 95.7 95.9 95.3 93.8 93.5 94.9 95.1 95.0 94.8 -.2

Computer and electronic products ................ 92.0 90.8 90.5 88.8 92.9 89.4 90.2 90.8 89.9 88.9 -1.1

Electrical equipment and appliances ............ 92.4 88.6 88.8 87.4 92.4 90.0 90.6 89.0 88.6 87.6 -1.1

Transportation equipment ............................... 93.6 97.5 98.1 96.9 93.1 96.8 97.3 97.7 97.4 96.6 -.8

Furniture and related products ....................... 90.3 92.3 94.0 95.0 90.8 94.1 94.4 93.8 94.7 95.0 .3

Miscellaneous manufacturing ......................... 93.7 91.4 91.6 91.3 93.9 91.6 92.4 91.9 91.3 90.8 -.5

Nondurable goods ............................................... 94.1 92.0 92.4 91.9 95.3 93.2 93.6 93.8 93.4 93.0 -.4

Food manufacturing ......................................... 94.9 94.2 94.0 92.5 98.4 97.1 97.7 97.6 97.2 96.5 -.7

Beverages and tobacco products .................. 86.7 83.4 83.4 85.8 89.1 87.4 88.8 88.5 87.4 87.6 .2

Textile mills ........................................................ 90.7 78.8 81.0 78.7 89.1 80.4 80.3 79.5 79.8 77.4 -3.0

Textile product mills ......................................... 93.2 90.8 92.2 94.1 92.6 91.9 92.4 93.1 92.4 92.8 .4

Apparel ............................................................... 84.5 77.1 79.4 79.2 84.8 77.6 77.2 78.8 78.6 78.4 -.3

Leather and allied products ............................ 96.4 90.7 93.4 95.3 94.7 92.2 91.4 91.7 92.2 92.7 .5

Paper and paper products .............................. 92.5 89.9 90.0 90.4 93.7 91.5 91.3 91.2 91.3 91.3 .0

Printing and related support activities ........... 94.4 92.8 93.4 92.4 94.9 93.6 94.2 93.9 93.1 92.9 -.2

Petroleum and coal products .......................... 96.2 95.7 96.4 95.1 96.8 97.8 99.0 98.6 98.2 96.9 -1.3

Chemicals .......................................................... 99.5 100.2 99.7 98.7 99.5 98.6 99.0 99.9 99.3 99.4 .1

Plastics and rubber products .......................... 95.0 94.1 94.5 94.8 94.9 94.0 94.6 94.9 94.8 94.6 -.2

Private service-providing ............................. 98.1 99.0 98.4 99.4 99.1 99.1 99.9 100.0 100.0 100.6 .6

Trade, transportation, and utilities ....................... 96.6 96.8 96.5 97.1 98.6 98.0 98.7 99.1 98.8 98.9 .1

Wholesale trade ................................................... 97.3 97.4 96.7 97.4 98.1 97.4 97.7 98.0 98.0 98.1 .1

Retail trade ........................................................... 96.5 96.1 96.0 96.7 99.0 98.3 99.4 99.2 99.2 99.3 .1

Transportation and warehousing ...................... 96.2 98.1 97.8 97.9 98.0 97.6 98.8 99.8 99.5 99.5 .0

Utilities ................................................................... 97.7 97.4 97.2 97.1 97.9 97.2 97.4 97.7 98.1 98.1 .0

Information ............................................................... 96.2 98.0 96.9 97.3 97.1 97.5 97.1 97.8 97.7 98.2 .5

Financial activities .................................................. 100.1 102.0 99.6 100.0 101.3 100.7 101.7 101.0 100.9 101.1 .2

Professional and business services .................... 97.5 98.9 98.6 100.7 97.9 98.7 99.7 100.1 100.0 101.2 1.2

Education and health services ............................. 101.3 103.4 102.7 103.0 101.0 102.1 102.1 102.2 102.4 102.6 .2

Leisure and hospitality ........................................... 97.1 96.6 97.1 99.6 99.4 100.2 100.8 101.4 101.2 101.6 .4

Other services ......................................................... 96.4 95.2 95.1 95.3 97.4 95.4 95.8 95.7 96.1 96.3 .2

1 See footnote 1, table B-2. corresponding 2002 annual average levels. Aggregate hours estimates

p = preliminary. are the product of estimates of average weekly hours and production or

NOTE: The indexes of aggregate weekly hours are calculated by nonsupervisory worker employment.

dividing the current month's estimates of aggregate hours by the
ESTABLISHMENT DATA ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-6. Indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls of production or nonsupervisory workers1on private nonfarm payrolls by industry sector and

selected industry detail

(2002=100)

Industry

Not seasonally adjusted Seasonally adjusted

Apr.

2003

Feb.

2004

Mar.

2004p

Apr.

2004p

Apr.

2003

Dec.

2003

Jan.

2004

Feb.

2004

Mar.

2004p

Apr.

2004p

Percent

change from:

Mar. 2004-

Apr. 2004p

Total private ....................................... 99.3 101.5 101.3 102.4 100.3 101.7 102.7 103.0 103.1 103.7 0.6

Goods-producing .......................................... 95.4 95.3 97.6 98.8 97.2 98.9 99.9 100.5 100.8 100.8 .0

Natural resources and mining .............................. 95.6 98.8 102.7 103.8 98.2 101.1 103.4 102.9 105.9 106.6 .7

Construction ............................................................ 94.4 91.0 96.6 99.3 98.5 100.9 102.9 103.2 104.4 103.8 -.6

Manufacturing ......................................................... 95.7 97.5 98.1 98.1 96.6 97.5 98.4 98.8 98.8 98.6 -.2

Durable goods ..................................................... 95.1 97.8 98.5 98.6 95.6 97.8 98.4 98.9 98.5 98.7 .2

Nondurable goods ............................................... 96.7 96.7 97.3 97.5 97.9 97.5 98.2 98.6 98.5 98.6 .1

Private service-providing ............................. 100.5 103.7 102.4 103.8 101.2 102.5 103.5 103.7 103.9 104.8 .9

Trade, transportation, and utilities ....................... 98.7 100.7 100.1 101.3 100.2 100.7 101.7 102.4 102.2 102.8 .6

Wholesale trade ................................................... 99.1 101.0 99.5 101.1 99.9 100.2 100.9 101.3 101.3 101.8 .5

Retail trade ........................................................... 98.4 99.2 99.0 100.1 100.3 100.7 101.8 101.9 102.0 102.3 .3

Transportation and warehousing ...................... 98.7 103.2 102.5 104.0 100.4 101.1 103.2 104.6 104.3 105.5 1.2

Utilities ................................................................... 100.1 102.8 102.9 102.6 99.8 101.9 102.9 103.4 103.9 104.0 .1

Information ............................................................... 99.5 103.3 101.6 102.9 100.4 101.3 101.6 102.8 102.8 104.0 1.2

Financial activities .................................................. 105.0 110.2 107.0 108.1 106.2 107.7 109.1 108.2 108.7 109.3 .6

Professional and business services .................... 99.8 102.8 101.5 103.5 100.2 101.3 102.3 102.8 102.8 104.2 1.4

Education and health services ............................. 103.1 108.4 107.5 108.0 102.6 106.1 106.5 106.8 107.3 107.6 .3

Leisure and hospitality ........................................... 98.6 100.5 100.6 102.9 101.1 103.3 104.0 104.7 104.7 105.2 .5

Other services ......................................................... 97.1 96.4 96.0 96.3 97.8 96.0 96.6 96.5 97.1 97.0 -.1

1 See footnote 1, table B-2. the corresponding 2002 annual average levels. Aggregate payroll estimates

p = preliminary. are the product of estimates of average hourly earnings, average weekly 

NOTE: The indexes of aggregate weekly payrolls are calculated hours, and production or nonsupervisory worker employment. 

by dividing the current month's estimates of aggregate payrolls by 
ESTABLISHMENT DATA ESTABLISHMENT DATA

Table B-7. Diffusion indexes of employment change, seasonally adjusted

(Percent)

Time Span Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May June July Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec.

Private nonfarm payrolls, 278 industries 1

Over 1-month span:

2000 ........................................................ 61.9 62.9 63.3 59.5 46.9 61.7 63.1 52.5 51.1 53.4 56.8 53.8

2001 ........................................................ 52.2 47.8 50.4 34.4 41.4 39.2 37.1 38.8 38.3 32.4 36.7 34.9

2002 ........................................................ 40.1 35.1 41.0 41.5 41.7 47.8 44.1 44.1 42.8 39.0 38.7 34.5

2003 ........................................................ 41.2 35.1 38.1 41.4 42.8 40.1 40.5 39.7 49.3 46.0 51.1 49.1

2004 ........................................................ 52.3 56.1 p 64.0 p 61.7

Over 3-month span:

2000 ........................................................ 69.2 66.2 67.8 68.3 60.1 58.1 56.3 61.5 56.5 53.2 52.9 56.8

2001 ........................................................ 52.7 50.4 50.4 43.5 38.8 34.9 36.2 37.9 34.7 35.3 30.8 32.0

2002 ........................................................ 34.0 37.4 35.1 36.2 36.7 39.4 39.9 40.8 38.7 37.1 34.4 34.7

2003 ........................................................ 36.5 32.6 36.3 35.1 40.5 42.6 37.4 35.4 40.1 45.5 50.5 51.1

2004 ........................................................ 54.0 55.2 p 59.9 p 64.0

Over 6-month span:

2000 ........................................................ 67.3 69.1 72.5 72.5 67.4 67.8 66.7 60.8 59.0 55.0 59.7 54.0

2001 ........................................................ 51.8 50.0 51.8 47.3 43.5 41.5 38.1 35.4 32.2 33.1 31.5 31.1

2002 ........................................................ 29.5 30.0 31.1 31.1 31.7 37.1 37.2 39.0 34.7 36.5 35.3 33.3

2003 ........................................................ 33.6 31.1 31.7 31.7 33.5 37.8 36.2 36.5 40.5 39.4 42.6 41.7

2004 ........................................................ 48.9 54.1 p 58.5 p 61.5

Over 12-month span:

2000 ........................................................ 70.9 69.2 73.2 71.0 69.8 71.0 70.0 70.3 70.3 65.6 63.8 62.1

2001 ........................................................ 59.5 59.5 53.4 49.3 48.6 45.0 43.3 43.9 39.9 37.8 37.1 34.9

2002 ........................................................ 33.6 31.7 30.2 30.4 30.2 29.1 32.0 31.3 30.0 29.5 32.9 34.7

2003 ........................................................ 34.5 31.5 32.9 33.5 36.2 34.4 34.7 33.1 37.6 37.4 33.1 35.4

2004 ........................................................ 37.8 43.2 p 47.1 p 51.3

Over 1-month span:

2000 ........................................................ 48.2 58.3 50.0 50.0 41.1 57.1 60.7 28.6 25.0 35.1 39.9 41.1

2001 ........................................................ 22.6 22.0 21.4 16.1 15.5 23.2 13.7 14.3 19.0 17.9 14.9 10.1

2002 ........................................................ 21.4 18.5 23.8 35.1 29.8 32.7 40.5 28.0 31.0 11.9 15.5 17.9

2003 ........................................................ 26.2 15.5 22.6 13.7 26.2 25.0 28.0 26.2 27.4 28.6 51.2 45.8

2004 ........................................................ 42.9 55.4 p 51.8 p 55.4

Over 3-month span:

2000 ........................................................ 53.6 53.6 56.0 54.8 44.0 44.0 51.2 47.6 32.7 25.0 23.2 38.7

2001 ........................................................ 35.7 21.4 16.1 14.3 13.1 13.7 11.9 8.9 8.3 13.1 8.9 10.1

2002 ........................................................ 9.5 10.1 11.3 17.9 17.3 19.0 28.0 22.0 23.8 15.5 6.5 4.8

2003 ........................................................ 13.7 13.1 16.7 10.1 13.1 14.9 16.1 16.1 16.1 24.4 27.4 41.7

2004 ........................................................ 48.8 51.8 p 53.6 p 54.2

Over 6-month span:

2000 ........................................................ 44.0 52.4 55.4 57.7 47.6 51.8 56.0 45.2 39.3 34.5 32.1 27.4

2001 ........................................................ 22.0 23.8 22.0 20.8 14.3 13.7 14.3 10.1 10.7 5.4 7.1 4.8

2002 ........................................................ 6.5 8.9 7.7 8.3 7.7 14.3 14.9 10.7 12.5 10.1 8.9 8.9

2003 ........................................................ 11.3 9.5 6.0 7.1 8.9 13.1 8.9 13.1 13.1 16.7 19.0 19.6

2004 ........................................................ 28.6 36.9 p 44.0 p 52.4

Over 12-month span:

2000 ........................................................ 41.7 39.3 47.0 50.0 46.4 52.4 51.8 49.4 46.4 40.5 35.1 33.3

2001 ........................................................ 29.8 32.1 20.8 19.0 13.1 12.5 10.7 11.9 11.9 10.1 8.3 6.0

2002 ........................................................ 7.1 6.0 6.0 6.5 7.1 3.6 4.8 6.0 4.8 7.1 4.8 8.3

2003 ........................................................ 10.7 6.0 6.5 5.4 8.3 9.5 9.5 9.5 10.7 11.9 9.5 11.3

2004 ........................................................ 9.5 19.0 p 17.3 p 26.2

Manufacturing payrolls, 84 industries 1

1Based on seasonally adjusted data for 1-, 3-, and 6-month increasing plus one-half of the industries with unchanged employment,

spans and unadjusted data for the 12-month span. where 50 percent indicates an equal balance between industries with

p= preliminary. increasing and decreasing employment. 

NOTE: Figures are the percent of industries with employment